ir/knowledge_base.py

"""
Knowledge Base Loader
Loads structured data from uae_knowledge_build/data/uae_knowledge_safety/

Supports the schema with:
- entities.json (entities with aliases, facts, sensitive topics)
- alias_index.json (pre-built alias mappings)
- sensitive_topics.json (sensitive topic entries)
- category_metadata.json (categories with must-answer topics)

This module is designed to be extensible for future knowledge bases
beyond UAE (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Qatar, etc.)
"""

import json
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional

from ir.models import Entity


class KnowledgeBase:
    """
    Loads and manages knowledge base data.
    
    Currently optimized for UAE knowledge base format, but designed
    to be extended for other regional knowledge bases.
    """
    
    # Default path relative to libra_shield/
    DEFAULT_DATA_DIR = "uae_knowledge_build/data/unified_KB"
    
    def __init__(self, data_dir: Optional[str] = None, debug: bool = False):
        """
        Initialize knowledge base.
        
        Args:
            data_dir: Path to data directory containing JSON files.
                      Defaults to uae_knowledge_build/data/uae_knowledge_safety/
            debug: Enable debug output
        """
        self.debug = debug
        
        # Resolve data directory
        if data_dir:
            self.data_dir = Path(data_dir)
        else:
            # Default: libra_shield/uae_knowledge_build/data/uae_knowledge_safety/
            self.data_dir = Path(__file__).parent.parent / self.DEFAULT_DATA_DIR
        
        # Raw data storage
        self._entities_raw: List[dict] = []
        self._alias_index_raw: List[dict] = []
        self._sensitive_topics_raw: List[dict] = []
        self._category_metadata_raw: List[dict] = []
        
        # Processed entities (compatible with existing IR module)
        self.entities: List[Entity] = []
        
        # Indexes for fast lookup
        self._id_to_entity: Dict[str, Entity] = {}
        self._id_to_raw: Dict[str, dict] = {}
        self._alias_lookup: Dict[str, str] = {}  # normalized_alias → entity_id
        self._trigger_patterns: Dict[str, dict] = {}  # pattern → sensitive_topic
        
        # Load data
        self._load_all()
    
    def _load_all(self) -> None:
        """Load all knowledge base files"""
        # Load raw JSON files
        self._entities_raw = self._load_json("entities.json")
        self._alias_index_raw = self._load_json("alias_index.json")
        self._sensitive_topics_raw = self._load_json("sensitive_topics.json")
        self._category_metadata_raw = self._load_json("category_metadata.json")
        
        # Convert to Entity objects (for compatibility with existing retrievers)
        self._convert_entities()
        
        # Build indexes
        self._build_alias_index()
        self._build_trigger_index()
        
        if self.debug:
            print(f"✅ KnowledgeBase loaded from {self.data_dir}")
            print(f"   Entities: {len(self.entities)}")
            print(f"   Aliases: {len(self._alias_lookup)}")
            print(f"   Sensitive patterns: {len(self._trigger_patterns)}")
    
    def _load_json(self, filename: str) -> list:
        """Load a JSON file from data directory"""
        filepath = self.data_dir / filename
        if not filepath.exists():
            if self.debug:
                print(f"⚠️  File not found: {filepath}")
            return []
        
        try:
            with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                return json.load(f)
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"❌ Error loading {filepath}: {e}")
            return []
    
    def _convert_entities(self) -> None:
        """Convert raw entity data to Entity objects"""
        for raw in self._entities_raw:
            entity = self._raw_to_entity(raw)
            if entity:
                self.entities.append(entity)
                self._id_to_entity[raw["id"]] = entity
                self._id_to_raw[raw["id"]] = raw
    
    def _raw_to_entity(self, raw: dict) -> Optional[Entity]:
        """Convert raw JSON entity to Entity object"""
        try:
            # Extract canonical name
            canonical = raw.get("canonical_name", {})
            primary_name = canonical.get("en", raw.get("id", ""))

            # Build variants list from aliases
            variants = [primary_name]
            if canonical.get("ar"):
                variants.append(canonical["ar"])

            for alias in raw.get("aliases", []):
                alias_name = alias.get("name", "")
                if alias_name and alias_name not in variants:
                    variants.append(alias_name)

            # Extract summary
            facts = raw.get("facts", {})
            summary = facts.get("summary_paragraph", "")

            # Extract metadata (handle list values by joining)
            metadata = raw.get("metadata", {})
            emirate = metadata.get("emirate", "")
            if isinstance(emirate, list):
                emirate = ", ".join(emirate) if emirate else ""
            family_name = metadata.get("family_name", "")
            if isinstance(family_name, list):
                family_name = ", ".join(family_name) if family_name else ""

            return Entity(
                name=primary_name,
                id=raw.get("id", ""),  # Entity ID for KB lookups
                variants=variants,
                source="knowledge_base",
                title=raw.get("subcategory", ""),
                url=raw.get("sources", [{}])[0].get("url", "") if raw.get("sources") else "",
                raw_text=raw.get("raw_content", {}).get("text", ""),
                summary=summary,
                primary_position=raw.get("subcategory", ""),
                primary_organization=emirate,
                family_name=family_name,
                city=emirate,
                country="UAE",
                facts=raw,  # Store full raw data
            )
        except Exception as e:
            if self.debug:
                print(f"⚠️  Error converting entity: {e}")
            return None
    
    def _build_alias_index(self) -> None:
        """Build alias → entity_id lookup from alias_index.json"""
        for alias_entry in self._alias_index_raw:
            normalized = alias_entry.get("alias_normalized", "").lower()
            entity_id = alias_entry.get("canonical_entity_id", "")
            
            if normalized and entity_id:
                # Store with priority (higher priority = better match)
                if normalized not in self._alias_lookup:
                    self._alias_lookup[normalized] = entity_id
    
    def _build_trigger_index(self) -> None:
        """Build trigger pattern → sensitive topic lookup"""
        for topic in self._sensitive_topics_raw:
            for pattern in topic.get("trigger_patterns", []):
                pattern_lower = pattern.lower()
                self._trigger_patterns[pattern_lower] = topic
    
    # === Public API ===
    
    def get_entity_by_id(self, entity_id: str) -> Optional[Entity]:
        """Get entity by ID"""
        return self._id_to_entity.get(entity_id)
    
    def get_raw_entity(self, entity_id: str) -> Optional[dict]:
        """Get raw entity data (with full facts, sensitive topics, etc.)"""
        return self._id_to_raw.get(entity_id)
    
    def lookup_alias(self, text: str) -> Optional[str]:
        """Look up entity ID by alias (case-insensitive)"""
        return self._alias_lookup.get(text.lower())
    
    def get_alias_entries(self) -> List[dict]:
        """Get all alias entries for building custom indexes"""
        return self._alias_index_raw
    
    def check_sensitive_triggers(self, text: str) -> List[dict]:
        """
        Check if text contains any sensitive trigger patterns.
        
        Returns list of matching sensitive topics.
        """
        text_lower = text.lower()
        matches = []
        
        for pattern, topic in self._trigger_patterns.items():
            if pattern in text_lower:
                if topic not in matches:
                    matches.append(topic)
        
        return matches
    
    def get_category_metadata(self, category_id: int) -> Optional[dict]:
        """Get metadata for a category (1-8)"""
        for cat in self._category_metadata_raw:
            if cat.get("category_id") == category_id:
                return cat
        return None
    
    def get_must_answer_topics(self, category_id: int) -> List[str]:
        """Get must-answer topics for a category"""
        cat = self.get_category_metadata(category_id)
        if cat:
            return cat.get("must_answer_topics", [])
        return []
    
    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self.entities)
    
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.entities)
    
    def get_statistics(self) -> dict:
        """Get knowledge base statistics"""
        # Count by entity type
        type_counts = {}
        for raw in self._entities_raw:
            etype = raw.get("entity_type", "unknown")
            type_counts[etype] = type_counts.get(etype, 0) + 1
        
        # Count by category
        cat_counts = {}
        for raw in self._entities_raw:
            cat = raw.get("category", 0)
            cat_counts[cat] = cat_counts.get(cat, 0) + 1
        
        return {
            "total_entities": len(self.entities),
            "total_aliases": len(self._alias_lookup),
            "sensitive_topics": len(self._sensitive_topics_raw),
            "trigger_patterns": len(self._trigger_patterns),
            "by_entity_type": type_counts,
            "by_category": cat_counts,
            "data_dir": str(self.data_dir),
        }