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model/cfm.py

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+"""
+ein notation:
+b - batch
+n - sequence
+nt - text sequence
+nw - raw wave length
+d - dimension
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from random import random
+from typing import Callable
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from torch import nn
+from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
+from torchdiffeq import odeint
+
+from f5_tts.model.modules import MelSpec
+from f5_tts.model.utils import (
+    default,
+    exists,
+    lens_to_mask,
+    list_str_to_idx,
+    list_str_to_tensor,
+    mask_from_frac_lengths,
+)
+
+
+class CFM(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        transformer: nn.Module,
+        sigma=0.0,
+        odeint_kwargs: dict = dict(
+            # atol = 1e-5,
+            # rtol = 1e-5,
+            method="euler"  # 'midpoint'
+        ),
+        audio_drop_prob=0.3,
+        cond_drop_prob=0.2,
+        num_channels=None,
+        mel_spec_module: nn.Module | None = None,
+        mel_spec_kwargs: dict = dict(),
+        frac_lengths_mask: tuple[float, float] = (0.7, 1.0),
+        vocab_char_map: dict[str:int] | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.frac_lengths_mask = frac_lengths_mask
+
+        # mel spec
+        self.mel_spec = default(mel_spec_module, MelSpec(**mel_spec_kwargs))
+        num_channels = default(num_channels, self.mel_spec.n_mel_channels)
+        self.num_channels = num_channels
+
+        # classifier-free guidance
+        self.audio_drop_prob = audio_drop_prob
+        self.cond_drop_prob = cond_drop_prob
+
+        # transformer
+        self.transformer = transformer
+        dim = transformer.dim
+        self.dim = dim
+
+        # conditional flow related
+        self.sigma = sigma
+
+        # sampling related
+        self.odeint_kwargs = odeint_kwargs
+
+        # vocab map for tokenization
+        self.vocab_char_map = vocab_char_map
+
+    @property
+    def device(self):
+        return next(self.parameters()).device
+
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def sample(
+        self,
+        cond: float["b n d"] | float["b nw"],  # noqa: F722
+        text: int["b nt"] | list[str],  # noqa: F722
+        duration: int | int["b"],  # noqa: F821
+        *,
+        lens: int["b"] | None = None,  # noqa: F821
+        steps=32,
+        cfg_strength=1.0,
+        sway_sampling_coef=None,
+        seed: int | None = None,
+        max_duration=4096,
+        vocoder: Callable[[float["b d n"]], float["b nw"]] | None = None,  # noqa: F722
+        no_ref_audio=False,
+        duplicate_test=False,
+        t_inter=0.1,
+        edit_mask=None,
+    ):
+        self.eval()
+        # raw wave
+
+        if cond.ndim == 2:
+            cond = self.mel_spec(cond)
+            cond = cond.permute(0, 2, 1)
+            assert cond.shape[-1] == self.num_channels
+
+        cond = cond.to(next(self.parameters()).dtype)
+
+        batch, cond_seq_len, device = *cond.shape[:2], cond.device
+        if not exists(lens):
+            lens = torch.full((batch,), cond_seq_len, device=device, dtype=torch.long)
+
+        # text
+
+        if isinstance(text, list):
+            if exists(self.vocab_char_map):
+                text = list_str_to_idx(text, self.vocab_char_map).to(device)
+            else:
+                text = list_str_to_tensor(text).to(device)
+            assert text.shape[0] == batch
+
+        if exists(text):
+            text_lens = (text != -1).sum(dim=-1)
+            lens = torch.maximum(text_lens, lens)  # make sure lengths are at least those of the text characters
+
+        # duration
+
+        cond_mask = lens_to_mask(lens)
+        if edit_mask is not None:
+            cond_mask = cond_mask & edit_mask
+
+        if isinstance(duration, int):
+            duration = torch.full((batch,), duration, device=device, dtype=torch.long)
+
+        duration = torch.maximum(lens + 1, duration)  # just add one token so something is generated
+        duration = duration.clamp(max=max_duration)
+        max_duration = duration.amax()
+
+        # duplicate test corner for inner time step oberservation
+        if duplicate_test:
+            test_cond = F.pad(cond, (0, 0, cond_seq_len, max_duration - 2 * cond_seq_len), value=0.0)
+
+        cond = F.pad(cond, (0, 0, 0, max_duration - cond_seq_len), value=0.0)
+        cond_mask = F.pad(cond_mask, (0, max_duration - cond_mask.shape[-1]), value=False)
+        cond_mask = cond_mask.unsqueeze(-1)
+        step_cond = torch.where(
+            cond_mask, cond, torch.zeros_like(cond)
+        )  # allow direct control (cut cond audio) with lens passed in
+
+        if batch > 1:
+            mask = lens_to_mask(duration)
+        else:  # save memory and speed up, as single inference need no mask currently
+            mask = None
+
+        # test for no ref audio
+        if no_ref_audio:
+            cond = torch.zeros_like(cond)
+
+        # neural ode
+
+        def fn(t, x):
+            # at each step, conditioning is fixed
+            # step_cond = torch.where(cond_mask, cond, torch.zeros_like(cond))
+
+            # predict flow
+            pred = self.transformer(
+                x=x, cond=step_cond, text=text, time=t, mask=mask, drop_audio_cond=False, drop_text=False
+            )
+            if cfg_strength < 1e-5:
+                return pred
+
+            null_pred = self.transformer(
+                x=x, cond=step_cond, text=text, time=t, mask=mask, drop_audio_cond=True, drop_text=True
+            )
+            return pred + (pred - null_pred) * cfg_strength
+
+        # noise input
+        # to make sure batch inference result is same with different batch size, and for sure single inference
+        # still some difference maybe due to convolutional layers
+        y0 = []
+        for dur in duration:
+            if exists(seed):
+                torch.manual_seed(seed)
+            y0.append(torch.randn(dur, self.num_channels, device=self.device, dtype=step_cond.dtype))
+        y0 = pad_sequence(y0, padding_value=0, batch_first=True)
+
+        t_start = 0
+
+        # duplicate test corner for inner time step oberservation
+        if duplicate_test:
+            t_start = t_inter
+            y0 = (1 - t_start) * y0 + t_start * test_cond
+            steps = int(steps * (1 - t_start))
+
+        t = torch.linspace(t_start, 1, steps, device=self.device, dtype=step_cond.dtype)
+        if sway_sampling_coef is not None:
+            t = t + sway_sampling_coef * (torch.cos(torch.pi / 2 * t) - 1 + t)
+
+        trajectory = odeint(fn, y0, t, **self.odeint_kwargs)
+
+        sampled = trajectory[-1]
+        out = sampled
+        out = torch.where(cond_mask, cond, out)
+
+        if exists(vocoder):
+            out = out.permute(0, 2, 1)
+            out = vocoder(out)
+
+        return out, trajectory
+
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        inp: float["b n d"] | float["b nw"],  # mel or raw wave  # noqa: F722
+        text: int["b nt"] | list[str],  # noqa: F722
+        *,
+        lens: int["b"] | None = None,  # noqa: F821
+        noise_scheduler: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        # handle raw wave
+        if inp.ndim == 2:
+            inp = self.mel_spec(inp)
+            inp = inp.permute(0, 2, 1)
+            assert inp.shape[-1] == self.num_channels
+
+        batch, seq_len, dtype, device, _σ1 = *inp.shape[:2], inp.dtype, self.device, self.sigma
+
+        # handle text as string
+        if isinstance(text, list):
+            if exists(self.vocab_char_map):
+                text = list_str_to_idx(text, self.vocab_char_map).to(device)
+            else:
+                text = list_str_to_tensor(text).to(device)
+            assert text.shape[0] == batch
+
+        # lens and mask
+        if not exists(lens):
+            lens = torch.full((batch,), seq_len, device=device)
+
+        mask = lens_to_mask(lens, length=seq_len)  # useless here, as collate_fn will pad to max length in batch
+
+        # get a random span to mask out for training conditionally
+        frac_lengths = torch.zeros((batch,), device=self.device).float().uniform_(*self.frac_lengths_mask)
+        rand_span_mask = mask_from_frac_lengths(lens, frac_lengths)
+
+        if exists(mask):
+            rand_span_mask &= mask
+
+        # mel is x1
+        x1 = inp
+
+        # x0 is gaussian noise
+        x0 = torch.randn_like(x1)
+
+        # time step
+        time = torch.rand((batch,), dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
+        # TODO. noise_scheduler
+
+        # sample xt (φ_t(x) in the paper)
+        t = time.unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)
+        φ = (1 - t) * x0 + t * x1
+        flow = x1 - x0
+
+        # only predict what is within the random mask span for infilling
+        cond = torch.where(rand_span_mask[..., None], torch.zeros_like(x1), x1)
+
+        # transformer and cfg training with a drop rate
+        drop_audio_cond = random() < self.audio_drop_prob  # p_drop in voicebox paper
+        if random() < self.cond_drop_prob:  # p_uncond in voicebox paper
+            drop_audio_cond = True
+            drop_text = True
+        else:
+            drop_text = False
+
+        # if want rigourously mask out padding, record in collate_fn in dataset.py, and pass in here
+        # adding mask will use more memory, thus also need to adjust batchsampler with scaled down threshold for long sequences
+        pred = self.transformer(
+            x=φ, cond=cond, text=text, time=time, drop_audio_cond=drop_audio_cond, drop_text=drop_text
+        )
+
+        # flow matching loss
+        loss = F.mse_loss(pred, flow, reduction="none")
+        loss = loss[rand_span_mask]
+
+        return loss.mean(), cond, pred

model/dataset.py

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+import json
+import random
+from importlib.resources import files
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+import torchaudio
+from datasets import Dataset as Dataset_
+from datasets import load_from_disk
+from torch import nn
+from torch.utils.data import Dataset, Sampler
+from tqdm import tqdm
+
+from f5_tts.model.modules import MelSpec
+from f5_tts.model.utils import default
+
+
+class HFDataset(Dataset):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        hf_dataset: Dataset,
+        target_sample_rate=24_000,
+        n_mel_channels=100,
+        hop_length=256,
+        n_fft=1024,
+        win_length=1024,
+        mel_spec_type="vocos",
+    ):
+        self.data = hf_dataset
+        self.target_sample_rate = target_sample_rate
+        self.hop_length = hop_length
+
+        self.mel_spectrogram = MelSpec(
+            n_fft=n_fft,
+            hop_length=hop_length,
+            win_length=win_length,
+            n_mel_channels=n_mel_channels,
+            target_sample_rate=target_sample_rate,
+            mel_spec_type=mel_spec_type,
+        )
+
+    def get_frame_len(self, index):
+        row = self.data[index]
+        audio = row["audio"]["array"]
+        sample_rate = row["audio"]["sampling_rate"]
+        return audio.shape[-1] / sample_rate * self.target_sample_rate / self.hop_length
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        row = self.data[index]
+        audio = row["audio"]["array"]
+
+        # logger.info(f"Audio shape: {audio.shape}")
+
+        sample_rate = row["audio"]["sampling_rate"]
+        duration = audio.shape[-1] / sample_rate
+
+        if duration > 30 or duration < 0.3:
+            return self.__getitem__((index + 1) % len(self.data))
+
+        audio_tensor = torch.from_numpy(audio).float()
+
+        if sample_rate != self.target_sample_rate:
+            resampler = torchaudio.transforms.Resample(sample_rate, self.target_sample_rate)
+            audio_tensor = resampler(audio_tensor)
+
+        audio_tensor = audio_tensor.unsqueeze(0)  # 't -> 1 t')
+
+        mel_spec = self.mel_spectrogram(audio_tensor)
+
+        mel_spec = mel_spec.squeeze(0)  # '1 d t -> d t'
+
+        text = row["text"]
+
+        return dict(
+            mel_spec=mel_spec,
+            text=text,
+        )
+
+
+class CustomDataset(Dataset):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        custom_dataset: Dataset,
+        durations=None,
+        target_sample_rate=24_000,
+        hop_length=256,
+        n_mel_channels=100,
+        n_fft=1024,
+        win_length=1024,
+        mel_spec_type="vocos",
+        preprocessed_mel=False,
+        mel_spec_module: nn.Module | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.data = custom_dataset
+        self.durations = durations
+        self.target_sample_rate = target_sample_rate
+        self.hop_length = hop_length
+        self.n_fft = n_fft
+        self.win_length = win_length
+        self.mel_spec_type = mel_spec_type
+        self.preprocessed_mel = preprocessed_mel
+
+        if not preprocessed_mel:
+            self.mel_spectrogram = default(
+                mel_spec_module,
+                MelSpec(
+                    n_fft=n_fft,
+                    hop_length=hop_length,
+                    win_length=win_length,
+                    n_mel_channels=n_mel_channels,
+                    target_sample_rate=target_sample_rate,
+                    mel_spec_type=mel_spec_type,
+                ),
+            )
+
+    def get_frame_len(self, index):
+        if (
+            self.durations is not None
+        ):  # Please make sure the separately provided durations are correct, otherwise 99.99% OOM
+            return self.durations[index] * self.target_sample_rate / self.hop_length
+        return self.data[index]["duration"] * self.target_sample_rate / self.hop_length
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        row = self.data[index]
+        audio_path = row["audio_path"]
+        text = row["text"]
+        duration = row["duration"]
+
+        if self.preprocessed_mel:
+            mel_spec = torch.tensor(row["mel_spec"])
+
+        else:
+            audio, source_sample_rate = torchaudio.load(audio_path)
+            if audio.shape[0] > 1:
+                audio = torch.mean(audio, dim=0, keepdim=True)
+
+            if duration > 30 or duration < 0.3:
+                return self.__getitem__((index + 1) % len(self.data))
+
+            if source_sample_rate != self.target_sample_rate:
+                resampler = torchaudio.transforms.Resample(source_sample_rate, self.target_sample_rate)
+                audio = resampler(audio)
+
+            mel_spec = self.mel_spectrogram(audio)
+            mel_spec = mel_spec.squeeze(0)  # '1 d t -> d t')
+
+        return dict(
+            mel_spec=mel_spec,
+            text=text,
+        )
+
+
+# Dynamic Batch Sampler
+
+
+class DynamicBatchSampler(Sampler[list[int]]):
+    """Extension of Sampler that will do the following:
+    1.  Change the batch size (essentially number of sequences)
+        in a batch to ensure that the total number of frames are less
+        than a certain threshold.
+    2.  Make sure the padding efficiency in the batch is high.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, sampler: Sampler[int], frames_threshold: int, max_samples=0, random_seed=None, drop_last: bool = False
+    ):
+        self.sampler = sampler
+        self.frames_threshold = frames_threshold
+        self.max_samples = max_samples
+
+        indices, batches = [], []
+        data_source = self.sampler.data_source
+
+        for idx in tqdm(
+            self.sampler, desc="Sorting with sampler... if slow, check whether dataset is provided with duration"
+        ):
+            indices.append((idx, data_source.get_frame_len(idx)))
+        indices.sort(key=lambda elem: elem[1])
+
+        batch = []
+        batch_frames = 0
+        for idx, frame_len in tqdm(
+            indices, desc=f"Creating dynamic batches with {frames_threshold} audio frames per gpu"
+        ):
+            if batch_frames + frame_len <= self.frames_threshold and (max_samples == 0 or len(batch) < max_samples):
+                batch.append(idx)
+                batch_frames += frame_len
+            else:
+                if len(batch) > 0:
+                    batches.append(batch)
+                if frame_len <= self.frames_threshold:
+                    batch = [idx]
+                    batch_frames = frame_len
+                else:
+                    batch = []
+                    batch_frames = 0
+
+        if not drop_last and len(batch) > 0:
+            batches.append(batch)
+
+        del indices
+
+        # if want to have different batches between epochs, may just set a seed and log it in ckpt
+        # cuz during multi-gpu training, although the batch on per gpu not change between epochs, the formed general minibatch is different
+        # e.g. for epoch n, use (random_seed + n)
+        random.seed(random_seed)
+        random.shuffle(batches)
+
+        self.batches = batches
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.batches)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.batches)
+
+
+# Load dataset
+
+
+def load_dataset(
+    dataset_name: str,
+    tokenizer: str = "pinyin",
+    dataset_type: str = "CustomDataset",
+    audio_type: str = "raw",
+    mel_spec_module: nn.Module | None = None,
+    mel_spec_kwargs: dict = dict(),
+) -> CustomDataset | HFDataset:
+    """
+    dataset_type    - "CustomDataset" if you want to use tokenizer name and default data path to load for train_dataset
+                    - "CustomDatasetPath" if you just want to pass the full path to a preprocessed dataset without relying on tokenizer
+    """
+
+    print("Loading dataset ...")
+
+    if dataset_type == "CustomDataset":
+        rel_data_path = str(files("f5_tts").joinpath(f"../../data/{dataset_name}_{tokenizer}"))
+        if audio_type == "raw":
+            try:
+                train_dataset = load_from_disk(f"{rel_data_path}/raw")
+            except:  # noqa: E722
+                train_dataset = Dataset_.from_file(f"{rel_data_path}/raw.arrow")
+            preprocessed_mel = False
+        elif audio_type == "mel":
+            train_dataset = Dataset_.from_file(f"{rel_data_path}/mel.arrow")
+            preprocessed_mel = True
+        with open(f"{rel_data_path}/duration.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            data_dict = json.load(f)
+        durations = data_dict["duration"]
+        train_dataset = CustomDataset(
+            train_dataset,
+            durations=durations,
+            preprocessed_mel=preprocessed_mel,
+            mel_spec_module=mel_spec_module,
+            **mel_spec_kwargs,
+        )
+
+    elif dataset_type == "CustomDatasetPath":
+        try:
+            train_dataset = load_from_disk(f"{dataset_name}/raw")
+        except:  # noqa: E722
+            train_dataset = Dataset_.from_file(f"{dataset_name}/raw.arrow")
+
+        with open(f"{dataset_name}/duration.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            data_dict = json.load(f)
+        durations = data_dict["duration"]
+        train_dataset = CustomDataset(
+            train_dataset, durations=durations, preprocessed_mel=preprocessed_mel, **mel_spec_kwargs
+        )
+
+    elif dataset_type == "HFDataset":
+        print(
+            "Should manually modify the path of huggingface dataset to your need.\n"
+            + "May also the corresponding script cuz different dataset may have different format."
+        )
+        pre, post = dataset_name.split("_")
+        train_dataset = HFDataset(
+            load_dataset(f"{pre}/{pre}", split=f"train.{post}", cache_dir=str(files("f5_tts").joinpath("../../data"))),
+        )
+
+    return train_dataset
+
+
+# collation
+
+
+def collate_fn(batch):
+    mel_specs = [item["mel_spec"].squeeze(0) for item in batch]
+    mel_lengths = torch.LongTensor([spec.shape[-1] for spec in mel_specs])
+    max_mel_length = mel_lengths.amax()
+
+    padded_mel_specs = []
+    for spec in mel_specs:  # TODO. maybe records mask for attention here
+        padding = (0, max_mel_length - spec.size(-1))
+        padded_spec = F.pad(spec, padding, value=0)
+        padded_mel_specs.append(padded_spec)
+
+    mel_specs = torch.stack(padded_mel_specs)
+
+    text = [item["text"] for item in batch]
+    text_lengths = torch.LongTensor([len(item) for item in text])
+
+    return dict(
+        mel=mel_specs,
+        mel_lengths=mel_lengths,
+        text=text,
+        text_lengths=text_lengths,
+    )

model/modules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
+"""
+ein notation:
+b - batch
+n - sequence
+nt - text sequence
+nw - raw wave length
+d - dimension
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+from typing import Optional
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+import torchaudio
+from librosa.filters import mel as librosa_mel_fn
+from torch import nn
+from x_transformers.x_transformers import apply_rotary_pos_emb
+
+
+# raw wav to mel spec
+
+
+mel_basis_cache = {}
+hann_window_cache = {}
+
+
+def get_bigvgan_mel_spectrogram(
+    waveform,
+    n_fft=1024,
+    n_mel_channels=100,
+    target_sample_rate=24000,
+    hop_length=256,
+    win_length=1024,
+    fmin=0,
+    fmax=None,
+    center=False,
+):  # Copy from https://github.com/NVIDIA/BigVGAN/tree/main
+    device = waveform.device
+    key = f"{n_fft}_{n_mel_channels}_{target_sample_rate}_{hop_length}_{win_length}_{fmin}_{fmax}_{device}"
+
+    if key not in mel_basis_cache:
+        mel = librosa_mel_fn(sr=target_sample_rate, n_fft=n_fft, n_mels=n_mel_channels, fmin=fmin, fmax=fmax)
+        mel_basis_cache[key] = torch.from_numpy(mel).float().to(device)  # TODO: why they need .float()?
+        hann_window_cache[key] = torch.hann_window(win_length).to(device)
+
+    mel_basis = mel_basis_cache[key]
+    hann_window = hann_window_cache[key]
+
+    padding = (n_fft - hop_length) // 2
+    waveform = torch.nn.functional.pad(waveform.unsqueeze(1), (padding, padding), mode="reflect").squeeze(1)
+
+    spec = torch.stft(
+        waveform,
+        n_fft,
+        hop_length=hop_length,
+        win_length=win_length,
+        window=hann_window,
+        center=center,
+        pad_mode="reflect",
+        normalized=False,
+        onesided=True,
+        return_complex=True,
+    )
+    spec = torch.sqrt(torch.view_as_real(spec).pow(2).sum(-1) + 1e-9)
+
+    mel_spec = torch.matmul(mel_basis, spec)
+    mel_spec = torch.log(torch.clamp(mel_spec, min=1e-5))
+
+    return mel_spec
+
+
+def get_vocos_mel_spectrogram(
+    waveform,
+    n_fft=1024,
+    n_mel_channels=100,
+    target_sample_rate=24000,
+    hop_length=256,
+    win_length=1024,
+):
+    mel_stft = torchaudio.transforms.MelSpectrogram(
+        sample_rate=target_sample_rate,
+        n_fft=n_fft,
+        win_length=win_length,
+        hop_length=hop_length,
+        n_mels=n_mel_channels,
+        power=1,
+        center=True,
+        normalized=False,
+        norm=None,
+    ).to(waveform.device)
+    if len(waveform.shape) == 3:
+        waveform = waveform.squeeze(1)  # 'b 1 nw -> b nw'
+
+    assert len(waveform.shape) == 2
+
+    mel = mel_stft(waveform)
+    mel = mel.clamp(min=1e-5).log()
+    return mel
+
+
+class MelSpec(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        n_fft=1024,
+        hop_length=256,
+        win_length=1024,
+        n_mel_channels=100,
+        target_sample_rate=24_000,
+        mel_spec_type="vocos",
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        assert mel_spec_type in ["vocos", "bigvgan"], print("We only support two extract mel backend: vocos or bigvgan")
+
+        self.n_fft = n_fft
+        self.hop_length = hop_length
+        self.win_length = win_length
+        self.n_mel_channels = n_mel_channels
+        self.target_sample_rate = target_sample_rate
+
+        if mel_spec_type == "vocos":
+            self.extractor = get_vocos_mel_spectrogram
+        elif mel_spec_type == "bigvgan":
+            self.extractor = get_bigvgan_mel_spectrogram
+
+        self.register_buffer("dummy", torch.tensor(0), persistent=False)
+
+    def forward(self, wav):
+        if self.dummy.device != wav.device:
+            self.to(wav.device)
+
+        mel = self.extractor(
+            waveform=wav,
+            n_fft=self.n_fft,
+            n_mel_channels=self.n_mel_channels,
+            target_sample_rate=self.target_sample_rate,
+            hop_length=self.hop_length,
+            win_length=self.win_length,
+        )
+
+        return mel
+
+
+# sinusoidal position embedding
+
+
+class SinusPositionEmbedding(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dim = dim
+
+    def forward(self, x, scale=1000):
+        device = x.device
+        half_dim = self.dim // 2
+        emb = math.log(10000) / (half_dim - 1)
+        emb = torch.exp(torch.arange(half_dim, device=device).float() * -emb)
+        emb = scale * x.unsqueeze(1) * emb.unsqueeze(0)
+        emb = torch.cat((emb.sin(), emb.cos()), dim=-1)
+        return emb
+
+
+# convolutional position embedding
+
+
+class ConvPositionEmbedding(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim, kernel_size=31, groups=16):
+        super().__init__()
+        assert kernel_size % 2 != 0
+        self.conv1d = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv1d(dim, dim, kernel_size, groups=groups, padding=kernel_size // 2),
+            nn.Mish(),
+            nn.Conv1d(dim, dim, kernel_size, groups=groups, padding=kernel_size // 2),
+            nn.Mish(),
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x: float["b n d"], mask: bool["b n"] | None = None):  # noqa: F722
+        if mask is not None:
+            mask = mask[..., None]
+            x = x.masked_fill(~mask, 0.0)
+
+        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1)
+        x = self.conv1d(x)
+        out = x.permute(0, 2, 1)
+
+        if mask is not None:
+            out = out.masked_fill(~mask, 0.0)
+
+        return out
+
+
+# rotary positional embedding related
+
+
+def precompute_freqs_cis(dim: int, end: int, theta: float = 10000.0, theta_rescale_factor=1.0):
+    # proposed by reddit user bloc97, to rescale rotary embeddings to longer sequence length without fine-tuning
+    # has some connection to NTK literature
+    # https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/comments/14lz7j5/ntkaware_scaled_rope_allows_llama_models_to_have/
+    # https://github.com/lucidrains/rotary-embedding-torch/blob/main/rotary_embedding_torch/rotary_embedding_torch.py
+    theta *= theta_rescale_factor ** (dim / (dim - 2))
+    freqs = 1.0 / (theta ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2)[: (dim // 2)].float() / dim))
+    t = torch.arange(end, device=freqs.device)  # type: ignore
+    freqs = torch.outer(t, freqs).float()  # type: ignore
+    freqs_cos = torch.cos(freqs)  # real part
+    freqs_sin = torch.sin(freqs)  # imaginary part
+    return torch.cat([freqs_cos, freqs_sin], dim=-1)
+
+
+def get_pos_embed_indices(start, length, max_pos, scale=1.0):
+    # length = length if isinstance(length, int) else length.max()
+    scale = scale * torch.ones_like(start, dtype=torch.float32)  # in case scale is a scalar
+    pos = (
+        start.unsqueeze(1)
+        + (torch.arange(length, device=start.device, dtype=torch.float32).unsqueeze(0) * scale.unsqueeze(1)).long()
+    )
+    # avoid extra long error.
+    pos = torch.where(pos < max_pos, pos, max_pos - 1)
+    return pos
+
+
+# Global Response Normalization layer (Instance Normalization ?)
+
+
+class GRN(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.gamma = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, 1, dim))
+        self.beta = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, 1, dim))
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        Gx = torch.norm(x, p=2, dim=1, keepdim=True)
+        Nx = Gx / (Gx.mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True) + 1e-6)
+        return self.gamma * (x * Nx) + self.beta + x
+
+
+# ConvNeXt-V2 Block https://github.com/facebookresearch/ConvNeXt-V2/blob/main/models/convnextv2.py
+# ref: https://github.com/bfs18/e2_tts/blob/main/rfwave/modules.py#L108
+
+
+class ConvNeXtV2Block(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dim: int,
+        intermediate_dim: int,
+        dilation: int = 1,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        padding = (dilation * (7 - 1)) // 2
+        self.dwconv = nn.Conv1d(
+            dim, dim, kernel_size=7, padding=padding, groups=dim, dilation=dilation
+        )  # depthwise conv
+        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(dim, eps=1e-6)
+        self.pwconv1 = nn.Linear(dim, intermediate_dim)  # pointwise/1x1 convs, implemented with linear layers
+        self.act = nn.GELU()
+        self.grn = GRN(intermediate_dim)
+        self.pwconv2 = nn.Linear(intermediate_dim, dim)
+
+    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+        residual = x
+        x = x.transpose(1, 2)  # b n d -> b d n
+        x = self.dwconv(x)
+        x = x.transpose(1, 2)  # b d n -> b n d
+        x = self.norm(x)
+        x = self.pwconv1(x)
+        x = self.act(x)
+        x = self.grn(x)
+        x = self.pwconv2(x)
+        return residual + x
+
+
+# AdaLayerNormZero
+# return with modulated x for attn input, and params for later mlp modulation
+
+
+class AdaLayerNormZero(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.silu = nn.SiLU()
+        self.linear = nn.Linear(dim, dim * 6)
+
+        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=False, eps=1e-6)
+
+    def forward(self, x, emb=None):
+        emb = self.linear(self.silu(emb))
+        shift_msa, scale_msa, gate_msa, shift_mlp, scale_mlp, gate_mlp = torch.chunk(emb, 6, dim=1)
+
+        x = self.norm(x) * (1 + scale_msa[:, None]) + shift_msa[:, None]
+        return x, gate_msa, shift_mlp, scale_mlp, gate_mlp
+
+
+# AdaLayerNormZero for final layer
+# return only with modulated x for attn input, cuz no more mlp modulation
+
+
+class AdaLayerNormZero_Final(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.silu = nn.SiLU()
+        self.linear = nn.Linear(dim, dim * 2)
+
+        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=False, eps=1e-6)
+
+    def forward(self, x, emb):
+        emb = self.linear(self.silu(emb))
+        scale, shift = torch.chunk(emb, 2, dim=1)
+
+        x = self.norm(x) * (1 + scale)[:, None, :] + shift[:, None, :]
+        return x
+
+
+# FeedForward
+
+
+class FeedForward(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim, dim_out=None, mult=4, dropout=0.0, approximate: str = "none"):
+        super().__init__()
+        inner_dim = int(dim * mult)
+        dim_out = dim_out if dim_out is not None else dim
+
+        activation = nn.GELU(approximate=approximate)
+        project_in = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(dim, inner_dim), activation)
+        self.ff = nn.Sequential(project_in, nn.Dropout(dropout), nn.Linear(inner_dim, dim_out))
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.ff(x)
+
+
+# Attention with possible joint part
+# modified from diffusers/src/diffusers/models/attention_processor.py
+
+
+class Attention(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        processor: JointAttnProcessor | AttnProcessor,
+        dim: int,
+        heads: int = 8,
+        dim_head: int = 64,
+        dropout: float = 0.0,
+        context_dim: Optional[int] = None,  # if not None -> joint attention
+        context_pre_only=None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        if not hasattr(F, "scaled_dot_product_attention"):
+            raise ImportError("Attention equires PyTorch 2.0, to use it, please upgrade PyTorch to 2.0.")
+
+        self.processor = processor
+
+        self.dim = dim
+        self.heads = heads
+        self.inner_dim = dim_head * heads
+        self.dropout = dropout
+
+        self.context_dim = context_dim
+        self.context_pre_only = context_pre_only
+
+        self.to_q = nn.Linear(dim, self.inner_dim)
+        self.to_k = nn.Linear(dim, self.inner_dim)
+        self.to_v = nn.Linear(dim, self.inner_dim)
+
+        if self.context_dim is not None:
+            self.to_k_c = nn.Linear(context_dim, self.inner_dim)
+            self.to_v_c = nn.Linear(context_dim, self.inner_dim)
+            if self.context_pre_only is not None:
+                self.to_q_c = nn.Linear(context_dim, self.inner_dim)
+
+        self.to_out = nn.ModuleList([])
+        self.to_out.append(nn.Linear(self.inner_dim, dim))
+        self.to_out.append(nn.Dropout(dropout))
+
+        if self.context_pre_only is not None and not self.context_pre_only:
+            self.to_out_c = nn.Linear(self.inner_dim, dim)
+
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        x: float["b n d"],  # noised input x  # noqa: F722
+        c: float["b n d"] = None,  # context c  # noqa: F722
+        mask: bool["b n"] | None = None,  # noqa: F722
+        rope=None,  # rotary position embedding for x
+        c_rope=None,  # rotary position embedding for c
+    ) -> torch.Tensor:
+        if c is not None:
+            return self.processor(self, x, c=c, mask=mask, rope=rope, c_rope=c_rope)
+        else:
+            return self.processor(self, x, mask=mask, rope=rope)
+
+
+# Attention processor
+
+
+class AttnProcessor:
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        attn: Attention,
+        x: float["b n d"],  # noised input x  # noqa: F722
+        mask: bool["b n"] | None = None,  # noqa: F722
+        rope=None,  # rotary position embedding
+    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
+        batch_size = x.shape[0]
+
+        # `sample` projections.
+        query = attn.to_q(x)
+        key = attn.to_k(x)
+        value = attn.to_v(x)
+
+        # apply rotary position embedding
+        if rope is not None:
+            freqs, xpos_scale = rope
+            q_xpos_scale, k_xpos_scale = (xpos_scale, xpos_scale**-1.0) if xpos_scale is not None else (1.0, 1.0)
+
+            query = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query, freqs, q_xpos_scale)
+            key = apply_rotary_pos_emb(key, freqs, k_xpos_scale)
+
+        # attention
+        inner_dim = key.shape[-1]
+        head_dim = inner_dim // attn.heads
+        query = query.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+        key = key.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+        value = value.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+
+        # mask. e.g. inference got a batch with different target durations, mask out the padding
+        if mask is not None:
+            attn_mask = mask
+            attn_mask = attn_mask.unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1)  # 'b n -> b 1 1 n'
+            attn_mask = attn_mask.expand(batch_size, attn.heads, query.shape[-2], key.shape[-2])
+        else:
+            attn_mask = None
+
+        x = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(query, key, value, attn_mask=attn_mask, dropout_p=0.0, is_causal=False)
+        x = x.transpose(1, 2).reshape(batch_size, -1, attn.heads * head_dim)
+        x = x.to(query.dtype)
+
+        # linear proj
+        x = attn.to_out[0](x)
+        # dropout
+        x = attn.to_out[1](x)
+
+        if mask is not None:
+            mask = mask.unsqueeze(-1)
+            x = x.masked_fill(~mask, 0.0)
+
+        return x
+
+
+# Joint Attention processor for MM-DiT
+# modified from diffusers/src/diffusers/models/attention_processor.py
+
+
+class JointAttnProcessor:
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        attn: Attention,
+        x: float["b n d"],  # noised input x  # noqa: F722
+        c: float["b nt d"] = None,  # context c, here text # noqa: F722
+        mask: bool["b n"] | None = None,  # noqa: F722
+        rope=None,  # rotary position embedding for x
+        c_rope=None,  # rotary position embedding for c
+    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
+        residual = x
+
+        batch_size = c.shape[0]
+
+        # `sample` projections.
+        query = attn.to_q(x)
+        key = attn.to_k(x)
+        value = attn.to_v(x)
+
+        # `context` projections.
+        c_query = attn.to_q_c(c)
+        c_key = attn.to_k_c(c)
+        c_value = attn.to_v_c(c)
+
+        # apply rope for context and noised input independently
+        if rope is not None:
+            freqs, xpos_scale = rope
+            q_xpos_scale, k_xpos_scale = (xpos_scale, xpos_scale**-1.0) if xpos_scale is not None else (1.0, 1.0)
+            query = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query, freqs, q_xpos_scale)
+            key = apply_rotary_pos_emb(key, freqs, k_xpos_scale)
+        if c_rope is not None:
+            freqs, xpos_scale = c_rope
+            q_xpos_scale, k_xpos_scale = (xpos_scale, xpos_scale**-1.0) if xpos_scale is not None else (1.0, 1.0)
+            c_query = apply_rotary_pos_emb(c_query, freqs, q_xpos_scale)
+            c_key = apply_rotary_pos_emb(c_key, freqs, k_xpos_scale)
+
+        # attention
+        query = torch.cat([query, c_query], dim=1)
+        key = torch.cat([key, c_key], dim=1)
+        value = torch.cat([value, c_value], dim=1)
+
+        inner_dim = key.shape[-1]
+        head_dim = inner_dim // attn.heads
+        query = query.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+        key = key.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+        value = value.view(batch_size, -1, attn.heads, head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
+
+        # mask. e.g. inference got a batch with different target durations, mask out the padding
+        if mask is not None:
+            attn_mask = F.pad(mask, (0, c.shape[1]), value=True)  # no mask for c (text)
+            attn_mask = attn_mask.unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1)  # 'b n -> b 1 1 n'
+            attn_mask = attn_mask.expand(batch_size, attn.heads, query.shape[-2], key.shape[-2])
+        else:
+            attn_mask = None
+
+        x = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(query, key, value, attn_mask=attn_mask, dropout_p=0.0, is_causal=False)
+        x = x.transpose(1, 2).reshape(batch_size, -1, attn.heads * head_dim)
+        x = x.to(query.dtype)
+
+        # Split the attention outputs.
+        x, c = (
+            x[:, : residual.shape[1]],
+            x[:, residual.shape[1] :],
+        )
+
+        # linear proj
+        x = attn.to_out[0](x)
+        # dropout
+        x = attn.to_out[1](x)
+        if not attn.context_pre_only:
+            c = attn.to_out_c(c)
+
+        if mask is not None:
+            mask = mask.unsqueeze(-1)
+            x = x.masked_fill(~mask, 0.0)
+            # c = c.masked_fill(~mask, 0.)  # no mask for c (text)
+
+        return x, c
+
+
+# DiT Block
+
+
+class DiTBlock(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim, heads, dim_head, ff_mult=4, dropout=0.1):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.attn_norm = AdaLayerNormZero(dim)
+        self.attn = Attention(
+            processor=AttnProcessor(),
+            dim=dim,
+            heads=heads,
+            dim_head=dim_head,
+            dropout=dropout,
+        )
+
+        self.ff_norm = nn.LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=False, eps=1e-6)
+        self.ff = FeedForward(dim=dim, mult=ff_mult, dropout=dropout, approximate="tanh")
+
+    def forward(self, x, t, mask=None, rope=None):  # x: noised input, t: time embedding
+        # pre-norm & modulation for attention input
+        norm, gate_msa, shift_mlp, scale_mlp, gate_mlp = self.attn_norm(x, emb=t)
+
+        # attention
+        attn_output = self.attn(x=norm, mask=mask, rope=rope)
+
+        # process attention output for input x
+        x = x + gate_msa.unsqueeze(1) * attn_output
+
+        norm = self.ff_norm(x) * (1 + scale_mlp[:, None]) + shift_mlp[:, None]
+        ff_output = self.ff(norm)
+        x = x + gate_mlp.unsqueeze(1) * ff_output
+
+        return x
+
+
+# MMDiT Block https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03206
+
+
+class MMDiTBlock(nn.Module):
+    r"""
+    modified from diffusers/src/diffusers/models/attention.py
+
+    notes.
+    _c: context related. text, cond, etc. (left part in sd3 fig2.b)
+    _x: noised input related. (right part)
+    context_pre_only: last layer only do prenorm + modulation cuz no more ffn
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dim, heads, dim_head, ff_mult=4, dropout=0.1, context_pre_only=False):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.context_pre_only = context_pre_only
+
+        self.attn_norm_c = AdaLayerNormZero_Final(dim) if context_pre_only else AdaLayerNormZero(dim)
+        self.attn_norm_x = AdaLayerNormZero(dim)
+        self.attn = Attention(
+            processor=JointAttnProcessor(),
+            dim=dim,
+            heads=heads,
+            dim_head=dim_head,
+            dropout=dropout,
+            context_dim=dim,
+            context_pre_only=context_pre_only,
+        )
+
+        if not context_pre_only:
+            self.ff_norm_c = nn.LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=False, eps=1e-6)
+            self.ff_c = FeedForward(dim=dim, mult=ff_mult, dropout=dropout, approximate="tanh")
+        else:
+            self.ff_norm_c = None
+            self.ff_c = None
+        self.ff_norm_x = nn.LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=False, eps=1e-6)
+        self.ff_x = FeedForward(dim=dim, mult=ff_mult, dropout=dropout, approximate="tanh")
+
+    def forward(self, x, c, t, mask=None, rope=None, c_rope=None):  # x: noised input, c: context, t: time embedding
+        # pre-norm & modulation for attention input
+        if self.context_pre_only:
+            norm_c = self.attn_norm_c(c, t)
+        else:
+            norm_c, c_gate_msa, c_shift_mlp, c_scale_mlp, c_gate_mlp = self.attn_norm_c(c, emb=t)
+        norm_x, x_gate_msa, x_shift_mlp, x_scale_mlp, x_gate_mlp = self.attn_norm_x(x, emb=t)
+
+        # attention
+        x_attn_output, c_attn_output = self.attn(x=norm_x, c=norm_c, mask=mask, rope=rope, c_rope=c_rope)
+
+        # process attention output for context c
+        if self.context_pre_only:
+            c = None
+        else:  # if not last layer
+            c = c + c_gate_msa.unsqueeze(1) * c_attn_output
+
+            norm_c = self.ff_norm_c(c) * (1 + c_scale_mlp[:, None]) + c_shift_mlp[:, None]
+            c_ff_output = self.ff_c(norm_c)
+            c = c + c_gate_mlp.unsqueeze(1) * c_ff_output
+
+        # process attention output for input x
+        x = x + x_gate_msa.unsqueeze(1) * x_attn_output
+
+        norm_x = self.ff_norm_x(x) * (1 + x_scale_mlp[:, None]) + x_shift_mlp[:, None]
+        x_ff_output = self.ff_x(norm_x)
+        x = x + x_gate_mlp.unsqueeze(1) * x_ff_output
+
+        return c, x
+
+
+# time step conditioning embedding
+
+
+class TimestepEmbedding(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim, freq_embed_dim=256):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.time_embed = SinusPositionEmbedding(freq_embed_dim)
+        self.time_mlp = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(freq_embed_dim, dim), nn.SiLU(), nn.Linear(dim, dim))
+
+    def forward(self, timestep: float["b"]):  # noqa: F821
+        time_hidden = self.time_embed(timestep)
+        time_hidden = time_hidden.to(timestep.dtype)
+        time = self.time_mlp(time_hidden)  # b d
+        return time

model/trainer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import gc
+import os
+
+import torch
+import torchaudio
+import wandb
+from accelerate import Accelerator
+from accelerate.utils import DistributedDataParallelKwargs
+from ema_pytorch import EMA
+from torch.optim import AdamW
+from torch.optim.lr_scheduler import LinearLR, SequentialLR
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, Dataset, SequentialSampler
+from tqdm import tqdm
+
+from f5_tts.model import CFM
+from f5_tts.model.dataset import DynamicBatchSampler, collate_fn
+from f5_tts.model.utils import default, exists
+
+# trainer
+
+
+class Trainer:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model: CFM,
+        epochs,
+        learning_rate,
+        num_warmup_updates=20000,
+        save_per_updates=1000,
+        checkpoint_path=None,
+        batch_size=32,
+        batch_size_type: str = "sample",
+        max_samples=32,
+        grad_accumulation_steps=1,
+        max_grad_norm=1.0,
+        noise_scheduler: str | None = None,
+        duration_predictor: torch.nn.Module | None = None,
+        logger: str | None = "wandb",  # "wandb" | "tensorboard" | None
+        wandb_project="test_e2-tts",
+        wandb_run_name="test_run",
+        wandb_resume_id: str = None,
+        log_samples: bool = False,
+        last_per_steps=None,
+        accelerate_kwargs: dict = dict(),
+        ema_kwargs: dict = dict(),
+        bnb_optimizer: bool = False,
+        mel_spec_type: str = "vocos",  # "vocos" | "bigvgan"
+    ):
+        ddp_kwargs = DistributedDataParallelKwargs(find_unused_parameters=True)
+
+        if logger == "wandb" and not wandb.api.api_key:
+            logger = None
+        print(f"Using logger: {logger}")
+        self.log_samples = log_samples
+
+        self.accelerator = Accelerator(
+            log_with=logger if logger == "wandb" else None,
+            kwargs_handlers=[ddp_kwargs],
+            gradient_accumulation_steps=grad_accumulation_steps,
+            **accelerate_kwargs,
+        )
+
+        self.logger = logger
+        if self.logger == "wandb":
+            if exists(wandb_resume_id):
+                init_kwargs = {"wandb": {"resume": "allow", "name": wandb_run_name, "id": wandb_resume_id}}
+            else:
+                init_kwargs = {"wandb": {"resume": "allow", "name": wandb_run_name}}
+
+            self.accelerator.init_trackers(
+                project_name=wandb_project,
+                init_kwargs=init_kwargs,
+                config={
+                    "epochs": epochs,
+                    "learning_rate": learning_rate,
+                    "num_warmup_updates": num_warmup_updates,
+                    "batch_size": batch_size,
+                    "batch_size_type": batch_size_type,
+                    "max_samples": max_samples,
+                    "grad_accumulation_steps": grad_accumulation_steps,
+                    "max_grad_norm": max_grad_norm,
+                    "gpus": self.accelerator.num_processes,
+                    "noise_scheduler": noise_scheduler,
+                },
+            )
+
+        elif self.logger == "tensorboard":
+            from torch.utils.tensorboard import SummaryWriter
+
+            self.writer = SummaryWriter(log_dir=f"runs/{wandb_run_name}")
+
+        self.model = model
+
+        if self.is_main:
+            self.ema_model = EMA(model, include_online_model=False, **ema_kwargs)
+            self.ema_model.to(self.accelerator.device)
+
+        self.epochs = epochs
+        self.num_warmup_updates = num_warmup_updates
+        self.save_per_updates = save_per_updates
+        self.last_per_steps = default(last_per_steps, save_per_updates * grad_accumulation_steps)
+        self.checkpoint_path = default(checkpoint_path, "ckpts/test_e2-tts")
+
+        self.batch_size = batch_size
+        self.batch_size_type = batch_size_type
+        self.max_samples = max_samples
+        self.grad_accumulation_steps = grad_accumulation_steps
+        self.max_grad_norm = max_grad_norm
+        self.vocoder_name = mel_spec_type
+
+        self.noise_scheduler = noise_scheduler
+
+        self.duration_predictor = duration_predictor
+
+        if bnb_optimizer:
+            import bitsandbytes as bnb
+
+            self.optimizer = bnb.optim.AdamW8bit(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)
+        else:
+            self.optimizer = AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)
+        self.model, self.optimizer = self.accelerator.prepare(self.model, self.optimizer)
+
+    @property
+    def is_main(self):
+        return self.accelerator.is_main_process
+
+    def save_checkpoint(self, step, last=False):
+        self.accelerator.wait_for_everyone()
+        if self.is_main:
+            checkpoint = dict(
+                model_state_dict=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model).state_dict(),
+                optimizer_state_dict=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.optimizer).state_dict(),
+                ema_model_state_dict=self.ema_model.state_dict(),
+                scheduler_state_dict=self.scheduler.state_dict(),
+                step=step,
+            )
+            if not os.path.exists(self.checkpoint_path):
+                os.makedirs(self.checkpoint_path)
+            if last:
+                self.accelerator.save(checkpoint, f"{self.checkpoint_path}/model_last.pt")
+                print(f"Saved last checkpoint at step {step}")
+            else:
+                self.accelerator.save(checkpoint, f"{self.checkpoint_path}/model_{step}.pt")
+
+    def load_checkpoint(self):
+        if (
+            not exists(self.checkpoint_path)
+            or not os.path.exists(self.checkpoint_path)
+            or not os.listdir(self.checkpoint_path)
+        ):
+            return 0
+
+        self.accelerator.wait_for_everyone()
+        if "model_last.pt" in os.listdir(self.checkpoint_path):
+            latest_checkpoint = "model_last.pt"
+        else:
+            latest_checkpoint = sorted(
+                [f for f in os.listdir(self.checkpoint_path) if f.endswith(".pt")],
+                key=lambda x: int("".join(filter(str.isdigit, x))),
+            )[-1]
+        # checkpoint = torch.load(f"{self.checkpoint_path}/{latest_checkpoint}", map_location=self.accelerator.device)  # rather use accelerator.load_state ಥ_ಥ
+        checkpoint = torch.load(f"{self.checkpoint_path}/{latest_checkpoint}", weights_only=True, map_location="cpu")
+
+        # patch for backward compatibility, 305e3ea
+        for key in ["ema_model.mel_spec.mel_stft.mel_scale.fb", "ema_model.mel_spec.mel_stft.spectrogram.window"]:
+            if key in checkpoint["ema_model_state_dict"]:
+                del checkpoint["ema_model_state_dict"][key]
+
+        if self.is_main:
+            self.ema_model.load_state_dict(checkpoint["ema_model_state_dict"])
+
+        if "step" in checkpoint:
+            # patch for backward compatibility, 305e3ea
+            for key in ["mel_spec.mel_stft.mel_scale.fb", "mel_spec.mel_stft.spectrogram.window"]:
+                if key in checkpoint["model_state_dict"]:
+                    del checkpoint["model_state_dict"][key]
+
+            self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model).load_state_dict(checkpoint["model_state_dict"])
+            self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.optimizer).load_state_dict(checkpoint["optimizer_state_dict"])
+            if self.scheduler:
+                self.scheduler.load_state_dict(checkpoint["scheduler_state_dict"])
+            step = checkpoint["step"]
+        else:
+            checkpoint["model_state_dict"] = {
+                k.replace("ema_model.", ""): v
+                for k, v in checkpoint["ema_model_state_dict"].items()
+                if k not in ["initted", "step"]
+            }
+            self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model).load_state_dict(checkpoint["model_state_dict"])
+            step = 0
+
+        del checkpoint
+        gc.collect()
+        return step
+
+    def train(self, train_dataset: Dataset, num_workers=16, resumable_with_seed: int = None):
+        if self.log_samples:
+            from f5_tts.infer.utils_infer import cfg_strength, load_vocoder, nfe_step, sway_sampling_coef
+
+            vocoder = load_vocoder(vocoder_name=self.vocoder_name)
+            target_sample_rate = self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model).mel_spec.target_sample_rate
+            log_samples_path = f"{self.checkpoint_path}/samples"
+            os.makedirs(log_samples_path, exist_ok=True)
+
+        if exists(resumable_with_seed):
+            generator = torch.Generator()
+            generator.manual_seed(resumable_with_seed)
+        else:
+            generator = None
+
+        if self.batch_size_type == "sample":
+            train_dataloader = DataLoader(
+                train_dataset,
+                collate_fn=collate_fn,
+                num_workers=num_workers,
+                pin_memory=True,
+                persistent_workers=True,
+                batch_size=self.batch_size,
+                shuffle=True,
+                generator=generator,
+            )
+        elif self.batch_size_type == "frame":
+            self.accelerator.even_batches = False
+            sampler = SequentialSampler(train_dataset)
+            batch_sampler = DynamicBatchSampler(
+                sampler, self.batch_size, max_samples=self.max_samples, random_seed=resumable_with_seed, drop_last=False
+            )
+            train_dataloader = DataLoader(
+                train_dataset,
+                collate_fn=collate_fn,
+                num_workers=num_workers,
+                pin_memory=True,
+                persistent_workers=True,
+                batch_sampler=batch_sampler,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"batch_size_type must be either 'sample' or 'frame', but received {self.batch_size_type}")
+
+        #  accelerator.prepare() dispatches batches to devices;
+        #  which means the length of dataloader calculated before, should consider the number of devices
+        warmup_steps = (
+            self.num_warmup_updates * self.accelerator.num_processes
+        )  # consider a fixed warmup steps while using accelerate multi-gpu ddp
+        # otherwise by default with split_batches=False, warmup steps change with num_processes
+        total_steps = len(train_dataloader) * self.epochs / self.grad_accumulation_steps
+        decay_steps = total_steps - warmup_steps
+        warmup_scheduler = LinearLR(self.optimizer, start_factor=1e-8, end_factor=1.0, total_iters=warmup_steps)
+        decay_scheduler = LinearLR(self.optimizer, start_factor=1.0, end_factor=1e-8, total_iters=decay_steps)
+        self.scheduler = SequentialLR(
+            self.optimizer, schedulers=[warmup_scheduler, decay_scheduler], milestones=[warmup_steps]
+        )
+        train_dataloader, self.scheduler = self.accelerator.prepare(
+            train_dataloader, self.scheduler
+        )  # actual steps = 1 gpu steps / gpus
+        start_step = self.load_checkpoint()
+        global_step = start_step
+
+        if exists(resumable_with_seed):
+            orig_epoch_step = len(train_dataloader)
+            skipped_epoch = int(start_step // orig_epoch_step)
+            skipped_batch = start_step % orig_epoch_step
+            skipped_dataloader = self.accelerator.skip_first_batches(train_dataloader, num_batches=skipped_batch)
+        else:
+            skipped_epoch = 0
+
+        for epoch in range(skipped_epoch, self.epochs):
+            self.model.train()
+            if exists(resumable_with_seed) and epoch == skipped_epoch:
+                progress_bar = tqdm(
+                    skipped_dataloader,
+                    desc=f"Epoch {epoch+1}/{self.epochs}",
+                    unit="step",
+                    disable=not self.accelerator.is_local_main_process,
+                    initial=skipped_batch,
+                    total=orig_epoch_step,
+                )
+            else:
+                progress_bar = tqdm(
+                    train_dataloader,
+                    desc=f"Epoch {epoch+1}/{self.epochs}",
+                    unit="step",
+                    disable=not self.accelerator.is_local_main_process,
+                )
+
+            for batch in progress_bar:
+                with self.accelerator.accumulate(self.model):
+                    text_inputs = batch["text"]
+                    mel_spec = batch["mel"].permute(0, 2, 1)
+                    mel_lengths = batch["mel_lengths"]
+
+                    # TODO. add duration predictor training
+                    if self.duration_predictor is not None and self.accelerator.is_local_main_process:
+                        dur_loss = self.duration_predictor(mel_spec, lens=batch.get("durations"))
+                        self.accelerator.log({"duration loss": dur_loss.item()}, step=global_step)
+
+                    loss, cond, pred = self.model(
+                        mel_spec, text=text_inputs, lens=mel_lengths, noise_scheduler=self.noise_scheduler
+                    )
+                    self.accelerator.backward(loss)
+
+                    if self.max_grad_norm > 0 and self.accelerator.sync_gradients:
+                        self.accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(self.model.parameters(), self.max_grad_norm)
+
+                    self.optimizer.step()
+                    self.scheduler.step()
+                    self.optimizer.zero_grad()
+
+                if self.is_main:
+                    self.ema_model.update()
+
+                global_step += 1
+
+                if self.accelerator.is_local_main_process:
+                    self.accelerator.log({"loss": loss.item(), "lr": self.scheduler.get_last_lr()[0]}, step=global_step)
+                    if self.logger == "tensorboard":
+                        self.writer.add_scalar("loss", loss.item(), global_step)
+                        self.writer.add_scalar("lr", self.scheduler.get_last_lr()[0], global_step)
+
+                progress_bar.set_postfix(step=str(global_step), loss=loss.item())
+
+                if global_step % (self.save_per_updates * self.grad_accumulation_steps) == 0:
+                    self.save_checkpoint(global_step)
+
+                    if self.log_samples and self.accelerator.is_local_main_process:
+                        ref_audio, ref_audio_len = vocoder.decode(batch["mel"][0].unsqueeze(0)), mel_lengths[0]
+                        torchaudio.save(
+                            f"{log_samples_path}/step_{global_step}_ref.wav", ref_audio.cpu(), target_sample_rate
+                        )
+                        with torch.inference_mode():
+                            generated, _ = self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model).sample(
+                                cond=mel_spec[0][:ref_audio_len].unsqueeze(0),
+                                text=[text_inputs[0] + [" "] + text_inputs[0]],
+                                duration=ref_audio_len * 2,
+                                steps=nfe_step,
+                                cfg_strength=cfg_strength,
+                                sway_sampling_coef=sway_sampling_coef,
+                            )
+                        generated = generated.to(torch.float32)
+                        gen_audio = vocoder.decode(
+                            generated[:, ref_audio_len:, :].permute(0, 2, 1).to(self.accelerator.device)
+                        )
+                        torchaudio.save(
+                            f"{log_samples_path}/step_{global_step}_gen.wav", gen_audio.cpu(), target_sample_rate
+                        )
+
+                if global_step % self.last_per_steps == 0:
+                    self.save_checkpoint(global_step, last=True)
+
+        self.save_checkpoint(global_step, last=True)
+
+        self.accelerator.end_training()