app.py

import numpy as np
import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from surrogate import CrabNetSurrogateModel, PARAM_BOUNDS
from pydantic import (
    BaseModel,
    ValidationError,
    ValidationInfo,
    field_validator,
    model_validator,
)

model = CrabNetSurrogateModel()

# Define the input parameters
example_parameterization = {
    "N": 3,
    "alpha": 0.5,
    "d_model": 512,
    "dim_feedforward": 2048,
    "dropout": 0.1,
    "emb_scaler": 0.5,
    "epochs_step": 10,
    "eps": 0.000001,
    "fudge": 0.02,
    "heads": 4,
    "k": 6,
    "lr": 0.001,
    "pe_resolution": 5000,
    "ple_resolution": 5000,
    "pos_scaler": 0.5,
    "weight_decay": 0,
    "batch_size": 32,
    "out_hidden4": 128,
    "betas1": 0.9,
    "betas2": 0.999,
    "bias": False,
    "criterion": "RobustL1",
    "elem_prop": "mat2vec",
    "train_frac": 0.5,
}

example_results = model.surrogate_evaluate([example_parameterization])
example_result = example_results[0]

# Initialize and fit scalers for each parameter
scalers = {}
for param_info in PARAM_BOUNDS:
    if param_info["type"] == "range":
        scaler = MinMaxScaler()
        # Fit the scaler using the parameter bounds
        scaler.fit([[bound] for bound in param_info["bounds"]])
        scalers[param_info["name"]] = scaler

# HACK: Hardcoded
BLINDED_PARAM_BOUNDS = [
    {"name": "x1", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x2", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x3", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x4", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x5", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x6", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x7", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x8", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x9", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x10", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x11", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x12", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x13", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x14", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x15", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x16", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x17", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x18", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x19", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "x20", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
    {"name": "c1", "type": "choice", "values": ["c1_0", "c1_1"]},
    {"name": "c2", "type": "choice", "values": ["c2_0", "c2_1"]},
    {"name": "c3", "type": "choice", "values": ["c3_0", "c3_1", "c3_2"]},
    {"name": "fidelity1", "type": "range", "bounds": [0.0, 1.0]},
]


class BlindedParameterization(BaseModel):
    x1: float  # int
    x2: float
    x3: float  # int
    x4: float  # int
    x5: float
    x6: float
    x7: float  # int
    x8: float
    x9: float
    x10: float  # int
    x11: float  # int
    x12: float
    x13: float  # int
    x14: float  # int
    x15: float
    x16: float  # int
    x17: float  # int
    x18: float  # int
    x19: float
    x20: float
    c1: str  # bool
    c2: str
    c3: str
    fidelity1: float

    @field_validator("*")
    def check_bounds(cls, v: int, info: ValidationInfo) -> int:
        param = next(
            (item for item in BLINDED_PARAM_BOUNDS if item["name"] == info.field_name),
            None,
        )
        if param is None:
            return v

        if param["type"] == "range":
            min_val, max_val = param["bounds"]
            if not min_val <= v <= max_val:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"{info.field_name} must be between {min_val} and {max_val}"
                )
        elif param["type"] == "choice":
            if v not in param["values"]:
                raise ValueError(f"{info.field_name} must be one of {param['values']}")

        return v

    @model_validator(mode="after")
    def check_constraints(self) -> "BlindedParameterization":
        if self.x19 > self.x20:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Received x19={self.x19} which should be less than x20={self.x20}"
            )
        if self.x6 + self.x15 > 1.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Received x6={self.x6} and x15={self.x15} which should sum to less than or equal to 1.0"  # noqa: E501
            )


# Conversion from original to blinded representation
def convert_to_blinded(params):
    blinded_params = {}
    numeric_index = 1
    choice_index = 1
    for param in PARAM_BOUNDS:
        if param["type"] == "range":
            key = f"x{numeric_index}" if param["name"] != "train_frac" else "fidelity1"
            blinded_params[key] = scalers[param["name"]].transform(
                [[params[param["name"]]]]
            )[0][0]
            numeric_index += 1 if param["name"] != "train_frac" else 0
        elif param["type"] == "choice":
            key = f"c{choice_index}"
            choice_index = param["values"].index(params[param["name"]])
            blinded_params[key] = f"{key}_{choice_index}"
            choice_index += 1
    return blinded_params


# Conversion from blinded to original representation
def convert_from_blinded(blinded_params):
    original_params = {}
    numeric_index = 1
    choice_index = 1
    for param in PARAM_BOUNDS:
        if param["type"] == "range":
            key = f"x{numeric_index}" if param["name"] != "train_frac" else "fidelity1"
            original_params[param["name"]] = scalers[param["name"]].inverse_transform(
                [[blinded_params[key]]]
            )[0][0]
            numeric_index += 1 if param["name"] != "train_frac" else 0
        elif param["type"] == "choice":
            key = f"c{choice_index}"
            choice_value = blinded_params[key].split("_")[-1]
            original_params[param["name"]] = param["values"][int(choice_value)]
            choice_index += 1
    return original_params


def evaluate(*args):
    # Assume args are in the order of BLINDED_PARAM_BOUNDS
    blinded_params = dict(zip([param["name"] for param in BLINDED_PARAM_BOUNDS], args))
    original_params = convert_from_blinded(blinded_params)
    BlindedParameterization(**blinded_params)  # Validation

    params_list = [original_params]
    results = model.surrogate_evaluate(params_list)
    results_list = [list(result.values()) for result in results]
    return results_list


def get_interface(param_info, numeric_index, choice_index):
    key = param_info["name"]
    default_value = example_parameterization[key]
    if param_info["type"] == "range":
        # Rescale the parameter to be between 0 and 1
        scaler = scalers[key]
        scaler.fit([[bound] for bound in param_info["bounds"]])
        scaled_value = scaler.transform([[default_value]])[0][0]
        scaled_bounds = scaler.transform([[bound] for bound in param_info["bounds"]])
        label = f"fidelity1" if key == "train_frac" else f"x{numeric_index}"
        return (
            gr.Slider(  # Change this line
                value=scaled_value,
                minimum=scaled_bounds[0][0],
                maximum=scaled_bounds[1][0],
                label=label,
                step=(scaled_bounds[1][0] - scaled_bounds[0][0]) / 100,
            ),
            numeric_index + 1,
            choice_index,
        )
    elif param_info["type"] == "choice":
        return (
            gr.Radio(
                choices=[
                    f"c{choice_index}_{i}" for i in range(len(param_info["values"]))
                ],
                label=f"c{choice_index}",
                value=f"c{choice_index}_{param_info['values'].index(default_value)}",
            ),
            numeric_index,
            choice_index + 1,
        )


# test the evaluate function
blinded_results = evaluate(*[0.5] * 20, "c1_0", "c2_0", "c3_0", 0.5)

numeric_index = 1
choice_index = 1
inputs = []
for param in PARAM_BOUNDS:
    input, numeric_index, choice_index = get_interface(
        param, numeric_index, choice_index
    )
    inputs.append(input)

iface = gr.Interface(
    title="Advanced Optimization",
    fn=evaluate,
    inputs=inputs,
    outputs=gr.Numpy(
        value=np.array([list(example_result.values())]),
        headers=[f"y{i+1}" for i in range(len(example_result))],
        col_count=(len(example_result), "fixed"),
        datatype=["number"] * len(example_result),
    ),
    description="""
    ## Objectives
    
    **Minimize `y1`, `y2`, `y3`, and `y4`**
    
    ### Correlations

    - `y1` and `y2` are correlated
    - `y1` is anticorrelated with `y3`
    - `y2` is anticorrelated with `y3`
    
    ### Noise 
    
    `y1`, `y2`, and `y3` are stochastic with heteroskedastic, parameter-free
    noise, whereas `y4` is deterministic, but still considered 'black-box'. In
    other words, repeat calls with the same input arguments will result in
    different values for `y1`, `y2`, and `y3`, but the same value for `y4`.

    ### Objective thresholds
    
    If `y1` is greater than 0.2, the result is considered "bad" no matter how
    good the other values are. If `y2` is greater than 0.7, the result is
    considered "bad" no matter how good the other values are. If `y3` is greater
    than 1800, the result is considered "bad" no matter how good the other
    values are. If `y4` is greater than 40e6, the result is considered "bad" no
    matter how good the other values are.

    ## Search Space

    ### Fidelity
    
    `fidelity1` is a fidelity parameter. The lowest fidelity is 0, and the
    highest fidelity is 1. The higher the fidelity, the more expensive the
    evaluation, and the higher the quality.
    
    NOTE: `fidelity1` and `y3` are correlated.

    ### Constraints

    - x<sub>19</sub> < x<sub>20</sub>
    - x<sub>6</sub> + x<sub>15</sub> ≤ 1.0

    ### Parameter bounds

    - 0 ≤ x<sub>i</sub> ≤ 1 for i ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
      14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
    - c<sub>1</sub> ∈ {c1_0, c1_1}
    - c<sub>2</sub> ∈ {c2_0, c2_1}
    - c<sub>3</sub> ∈ {c3_0, c3_1, c3_2}
    - 0 ≤ fidelity1 ≤ 1

    ## Notion of best

    Thresholded Pareto front hypervolume vs. running cost for three different
    budgets, and averaged over 10 search campaigns.

    ## References:
    
    1. Baird, S. G.; Liu, M.; Sparks, T. D. High-Dimensional Bayesian
        Optimization of 23 Hyperparameters over 100 Iterations for an
        Attention-Based Network to Predict Materials Property: A Case Study on
        CrabNet Using Ax Platform and SAASBO. Computational Materials Science
        2022, 211, 111505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111505.
        
    2. Baird, S. G.; Parikh, J. N.; Sparks, T. D. Materials Science
        Optimization Benchmark Dataset for High-Dimensional, Multi-Objective,
        Multi-Fidelity Optimization of CrabNet Hyperparameters. ChemRxiv March
        7, 2023. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-9s6r7.
    """,
)
iface.launch(show_error=True)