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1967幎 - ãããã æŠäºïŒã¹ãŠã£ããäœæŠïŒOperation SwiftïŒãå§ãŸãã
1970幎 - ããªã§å€§çµ±é éžæããµã«ãããŒã«ã»ã¢ãžã§ã³ããåœéžããã
1971幎 - ã¢ã©ã¹ã«èªç©º1866䟿å¢èœäºæ
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1975幎 - äžæ±æŠäºïŒã·ãã€æ«å®åå®ïŒSinai Interim AgreementïŒãç· çµãããã
1976幎 - 京éª100幎å·äºæ
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1991幎 - ããéçå®è¡å§å¡äŒã«ãããŠããããªãªãªã³ãºïŒåœæïŒã®ãç¥å¥å·çå·åŽåžããåèçãžã®ä¿è·å°åããªãã³ã«æ¬æ å°çå ŽãåçåèåžçŸæµåºã®åèããªã³ã¹ã¿ãžã¢ã ãžã®ç§»è»¢ãæ£åŒã«æ¿èªã
1994幎 - é¢è¥¿åœé空枯é枯ã
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2002幎 - ã¢ã»ãªãŒã°ã§ã¢ã¹ã¬ããã¯ã¹ããªãŒã°æå€ã®20é£åã
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1580幎 - ãžã§ãŒãžã»ããŒã·ãŒïŒGeorge PercyïŒãæ¢æ€å®¶ïŒ+ 1632幎ïŒ
1596幎 - ã³ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ãã£ã³ã»ãã€ãã³ã¹ïŒConstantijn HuygensïŒã詩人ãäœæ²å®¶ïŒ+ 1687ïŒ
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1809幎 - ãããšã«ã»ã¢ã³ãïŒManuel MonttïŒãæ¿æ²»å®¶ãããªå€§çµ±é ïŒ+ 1880幎ïŒ
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1824幎 - ã¢ã³ãã³ã»ãã«ãã¯ããŒãäœæ²å®¶ïŒ+ 1896幎ïŒ
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1846幎 - ãããšã«ã»ããŒãã ã建ç¯å®¶ïŒ+ 1912幎ïŒ
1848幎 - ã«ã€ã¹ã»ãã¯ãŒãã»ã©ãã£ããŒïŒLewis Howard LatimerïŒãçºæ家ïŒ+ 1928幎ïŒ
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1885幎 - ã¢ã³ãããªã»ãããïŒAntonio BacciïŒãæ¢æ©å¿ïŒ+ 1971幎ïŒ
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1894幎 - ãªã©ãŒãã»ãããžã¹ïŒOrane DemazisïŒã女åªïŒ+ 1991幎ïŒ
1896幎 - ã¢ã³ããã³ã»ã¢ã«ããŒã詩人ïŒ+ 1948幎ïŒ
1898幎 - æŸç°å°ä¹ã圫å»å®¶ïŒ+ 1995幎ïŒ
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1905幎 - ã¡ã¢ãªãŒã»ã¬ããŒïŒMary RenaultïŒãäœå®¶ïŒ+ 1983幎ïŒ
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1907幎 - ã¬ãžãŒã»ãã«ããŒïŒReggie NalderïŒã俳åªïŒ+ 1991幎ïŒ
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1979幎 - æŸæµŠå亮ãã¬ãŒã·ã³ã°ãã©ã€ããŒ
1980幎 - ãã¡ããªã»ã«ã«ããŒã³ãã¬ãŒã·ã³ã°ãã©ã€ããŒ
1980幎 - 島谷ã²ãšã¿ãææ
1980幎 - å»äºèª ãå
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1980幎 - å€å¿å€§ç¥ãå
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1980幎 - ãã€ãŽã£ããã»ã®ã£ã¬ããããŽã¡ã€ãªãªãã¹ããã¢ãã«
1980幎 - ãããã»ãã·ã§ãã¯ãããéçéžæ
1981幎 - ããšã³ã»ã»ããŠã«ãºãææã女åª
1981幎 - ãžã§ããæŒæææ
1981幎 - æ¡å€ªäžãã¢ããŠã³ãµãŒ
1981幎 - æäžããããã挫ç»å®¶
1981幎 - äžééå (TAKAHIRO)ããã³ãµãŒãæ¯ä»åž«ãæŒåºå®¶
1982幎 - SHINGOããã¥ãŒãžã·ã£ã³ïŒAgitatoïŒ
1982幎 - ã·ãªããªã¢ããããç¬ãã¿ã¬ã³ã
1982幎 - 现ç°é¿ä¹ãã¿ã¬ã³ã
1983幎 - äžäžžéäžãã¢ã€ãã«ïŒKAT-TUNïŒ
1985幎 - 矩éç¥æªãå
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1985幎 - å±±æ¬å²åãå
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1985幎 - æ²³æ¬è£ä¹ããµãã«ãŒéžæ
1986幎 - æž
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1986幎 - æµ·å ããã¿ããµãã«ãŒéžæ
1987幎 - äœäºç¥éå¥ãã¢ããŠã³ãµãŒ
1988幎 - éçããšçŸãã¿ã¬ã³ã
1988幎 - æžç°äº®ãå
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1988幎 - 倧谷ç埳ãå
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1989幎 - èµ€åå幞ãå
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1989幎 - ã¢ã³ãã¬ã«ãã³ã»ã·ã¢ã³ãºãããéçéžæ
1989幎 - æ«»ç°äœããç¬ãã¿ã¬ã³ãïŒãã³ãã«ã¿ã³ïŒ
1990幎 - 鶎é倪貎ããµãã«ãŒéžæ
1990幎 - å°åç±æ¢šæãå
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1990幎 - ãªã«ã¬ã»ãã«ã©ã³ããã§ã³ã·ã³ã°éžæ
1990幎 - ã¹ããã¡ãã¢ã»ãã§ã«ãã³ãã¹ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã¢ãã«
1990幎 - ã¯ãªã¹ã»ããã¯ãããéçéžæ
1991幎 - é«åçšãéšæ
1991幎 - 西ç°å²æãå
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1991幎 - äžè°·çŸè接ããããã³ãã³éžæ
1992幎 - ãŠã£ãªãŒã»ã¬ã«ã·ã¢ãããéçéžæ
1992幎 - æµå€§ãã©ã°ããŒéžæ
1994幎 - GOMESSããã¥ãŒãžã·ã£ã³
1994幎 - å±±äžæ°žå€ãã¢ãã«ãã¿ã¬ã³ã
1995幎 - æŸè¥é¢šéŠ¬ãéšæ
1996幎 - æ€ç°å€§èŒãå
俳åª
1997幎 - åæ±åžãããã©ãŒããŒããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã¢ãã«ã女åªïŒå
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1998幎 - é·æ¿±ãããã¿ã¬ã³ãïŒå
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1999幎 - 楢岡ã®ããã°ã©ãã¢ã¢ã€ãã«
1999幎 - æšé ããœãŠã¶ãã§ãªããããéçéžæ
1999幎 - ç°äžåžå®ãéžäžç«¶æéžæ
2000幎 - 濱ç°å€ªè²Žãããéçéžæ
2003幎 - å±±æ¬å§«éŠãã¢ãã«
2005幎 - éŽåãããã°ã©ãã¢ã¢ãã«
ç幎éå
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799幎 - ã ãŒãµãŒã»ã«ãŒãºã£ã ãã€ã¹ã©ã æã·ãŒã¢æŽŸåäºã€ããŒã 掟第7代ã€ããŒã ïŒ* 745幎ïŒ
1063幎 - ãã¥ã°ãªã«ã»ãã°ãã»ã«ãžã¥ãŒã¯æå代ã¹ã«ã¿ãŒã³ïŒ* 993幎ïŒ
1199幎 - ãžã§ãŒã³ãã·ããªã¢çã°ãªãšã«ã¢2äžã®åŠïŒ* 1165幎ïŒ
1774幎ïŒå®æ°ž3幎7æ29æ¥ïŒ- å·æ³çºæãæ±æžæ代ã®å
¬å¿ãæ人ïŒ* 1712幎ïŒ
1811幎ïŒæå8幎7æ17æ¥ïŒ- åæ¥ã絵垫ïŒ* 1752幎ïŒ
1851幎 - ã¬ãŽã£ã»ãŠããããªãŒã第13代ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡åœè²¡åé·å®ïŒ* 1789幎ïŒ
1884幎 - ãã£ãŒã«ãºã»ãã©ã«ãžã£ãŒã第34代ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡åœè²¡åé·å®ïŒ* 1818幎ïŒ
1886幎 - è¿è€ççŽãæè²è
ïŒ* 1831幎ïŒ
1907幎 - ãšããŽã¡ã«ãã»ã°ãªãŒã°ãäœæ²å®¶ïŒ* 1843幎ïŒ
1907幎 - äžéäºäžçŠ (å代)ãèœèªå®¶ïŒ* 1865幎ïŒ
1913幎 - ç°äžæ£é ãæ¿æ²»å®¶ã»æŽ»å家ïŒ* 1841幎ïŒ
1930幎 - ãŠã©ãã£ããŒã«ã»ã¢ã«ã»ãŒããšããæ¢æ€å®¶ïŒ* 1872幎ïŒ
1940幎 - åçœå·å®®æ°žä¹
çãçæïŒ* 1910幎ïŒ
1944幎 - ãšãŒãªããã»ãã§ã«ã®ãŒãã«ããã€ãéžè»éä¿¡å
µå€§å°ïŒ* 1886幎ïŒ
1946幎 - çœç¬çãæ¥æ¬éžè»ã®äžå°ãå極æ¢æ€å®¶ïŒ* 1861幎ïŒ
1955幎 - ã¬ã¹ã»ãŠã§ã€ã€ã³ã°ãããéçéžæïŒ* 1866幎ïŒ
1963幎 - ãããŒã«ã»ã·ã¥ãŒãã³ãå
ãã©ã³ã¹éŠçžïŒ* 1886幎ïŒ
1965幎 - ã¢ã«ãã«ãã»ã·ã¥ãŽã¡ã€ãã¡ãŒãå»è
ãé³æ¥œå®¶ïŒ* 1875幎ïŒ
1966幎 - é«ç¬è倪éãäŒèšåŠè
ãå
æéšå€§è£ïŒ* 1892幎ïŒ
1974幎 - ãã«ã»ã«ã»ã¢ã·ã£ãŒã«ãåäœå®¶ïŒ* 1899幎ïŒ
1974幎 - ã¯ã¬ã€ãã³ã»ãšã€ãã©ã ã¹ãã¢ã¡ãªã«éžè»åè¬ç·é·ïŒ* 1914幎ïŒ
1975幎 - 壺äºç¹æ²»ã詩人ïŒ* 1897幎ïŒ
1976幎 - 宮沢ä¿çŸ©ãæ³åŠè
ïŒ* 1899幎ïŒ
1983幎 - ç«ç°åæããã¬ãŒããŒã«éžæïŒ* 1944幎ïŒ
1983幎 - 枡蟺 å®å€ªéãè¡æ¿æ³åŠè
ïŒ* 1893幎ïŒ
1984幎 - ãšã«ã³ã¹ãã»ã·ã¥ãã¥ãã±ã«ãã«ã¯ãç©çåŠè
ïŒ* 1905幎ïŒ
1986幎 - ã¯ã«ã¿ãŒã»ã¯ã³ãã¬ã€ãããµããŽã¡ã»ãµã³ãã®ãªã«ã¬ã³å¥è
ããã¢ãã¹ãïŒ* 1931幎ïŒ
1986幎 - ãã³ã¯ã»ã°ãªãŒã³ããŒã°ãããéçéžæïŒ* 1911幎ïŒ
1987幎 - äœã
æšã€ãšãããã®ãŸãã¿ã¬ã³ãïŒ* 1947幎ïŒ
1988幎 - æŸç°æŠã第4代èªç©ºå¹åé·ãå®æ¥å®¶ïŒ* 1906幎ïŒ
1988幎 - 接å·æŠäžãæ¥æ¬å
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è¡è°é¢è°å¡ãå°èª¬å®¶ïŒ* 1910幎ïŒ
1989幎 - ãžã§ã«ãžã¥ã»ã·ã ãã³ãæšçäœå®¶ïŒ* 1903幎ïŒ
1989幎 - ã³ãŒãªã³ã»ã¯ã©ãŒã¯ãçµæžåŠè
ïŒ* 1905幎ïŒ
1990幎 - ã¢ã€ãªãŒã³ã»ãã³ã女åªïŒ* 1898幎ïŒ
1990幎 - 倧ç³çãå
ç«¥æåŠäœå®¶ïŒ* 1925幎ïŒ
1991幎 - åçºèéãå€æžåºçµå¶è
ïŒ* 1901幎ïŒ
1992幎 - äžå家å°å (7代ç®)ãèœèªå®¶ïŒ* 1937幎ïŒ
1997幎 - ãã³ã¹ã»ã¢ã€ãŒã³ã¯ãå¿çåŠè
ïŒ* 1916幎ïŒ
1997幎 - ã¢ã«ãã»ããã·ã建ç¯å®¶ïŒ* 1931幎ïŒ
1999幎 - ã¯ã¬ã¡ã³ãã»ã¹ã©ãŽã£ãããŒãäœæ²å®¶ïŒ* 1910幎ïŒ
2001幎 - æå¯å£«éŠ¬ã詩人ãæèžè©è«å®¶ïŒ* 1914幎ïŒ
2001幎 - äŒè€å®äžéã第69代è¡è°é¢è°é·ïŒ* 1924幎ïŒ
2001幎 - è©å
æŽåœŠããã¬ãã»é³æ¥œãããã¥ãŒãµãŒïŒ* 1930幎ïŒ
2002幎 - ãŽã©ãã»ãã«ã«ãã¥ããŒã«ããã¢ãã¹ãïŒ* 1904幎ïŒ
2003幎 - ããŒã©ã»ããã¹ã³ããŽã¡ã€ãªãªãã¹ãïŒ* 1921幎ïŒ
2003幎 - çŠç°äžéãé³æ¥œè©è«å®¶ïŒ* 1923幎ïŒ
2003幎 - ãã£ããŒã«ã»ãŽã¡ã«ã¬ããŽã¡ã€ãªãªãã¹ããææ®è
ïŒ* 1921幎ïŒ
2006幎 - ã¢ã¹ããªããã»ãŽã¡ã«ãã€ããœãã©ãææïŒ* 1918幎ïŒ
2006幎 - é¿éšè¬¹ä¹ãæŽå²åŠè
ïŒ* 1935幎ïŒ
2006幎 - ãžã£ãã³ãã»ãã¡ãã±ããã£ããµãã«ãŒéžæïŒ* 1942幎ïŒ
2006幎 - ã¹ãã£ãŒãã»ã¢ãŒãŠã£ã³ãç°å¢ä¿è·æŽ»å家ãã¯ãã³ãã€ã«ãã³ã¿ãŒïŒ* 1962幎ïŒ
2007幎 - ç¬å³¶éŸäžãæ¥æ¬éžè»ã®äžäœãå®æ¥å®¶ïŒ* 1911幎ïŒ
2007幎 - äœè€çãæ ç»ç£ç£ïŒ* 1957幎ïŒ
2007幎 - 沌ç°æ²ä¿ãã¢ãŒã¿ãŒãµã€ã¯ã«ããŒãã¬ãŒã¹éžæïŒ* 1966幎ïŒ
2017幎 - é·åŽæ矩ãå®æ¥å®¶ãã¹ããŒéžæïŒ* 1945幎ïŒ
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Chariots for Apollo: A History of Manned Lunar Spacecraft By Courtney G Brooks, James M. Grimwood, Loyd S. Swenson
NASA SP-4009 The Apollo Spacecraft: A Chronology
SP-4029 Apollo by the Numbers: A Statistical Reference by Richard W. Orloff
The Apollo Program (1963 - 1972)
The Apollo Lunar Surface Journal
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Project Apollo Drawings and Technical Diagrams
Technical Diagrams and Drawings
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Lunar Rock Inventory
The Project Apollo Archive
OMWorld's ASTP Docking Trainer Page
Project Apollo for Orbiter spaceflight simulator
Google Moon: interactive map of the Moon and Apollo landing sites
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Apollo Lunar Module (LM) ã¢ããæçéžè¹
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New Immigrant Literatures in the United States: A Sourcebook to Our Multicultural Literary Heritage by Alpana Sharma Knippling (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood, 1996)
Asian American Novelists: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook'' by Emmanuel S. Nelson (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2000)
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Yale University English Course - The American Novel Since 1945
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GREET = 12HHELLO THERE!
FORMAT èšè¿°åã«ãããHç·šéïŒãã¬ãªã¹ã»ãã£ãŒã«ãïŒã®èªã¿èŸŒã¿ïŒä»¥åã¯Hç·šéåã§ç¢ºä¿ãããæååããŒã¿ã®é åã«ã¯å
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DIMENSION A(10,5)
Y= A(11,1)
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if (x<0) then
x=0
end if
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åã®ã¢ãµã€ã³ã®ããã®whereæã
integer :: a(10)
real(8) :: b(10)
a = f(x)
where (a > 0)
b = -1.0
elsewhere
b = 1.0
end where
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function sample(x) result(y) !é
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integer, parameter :: nn = 4
real :: y(nn) = (/ 1, 2, 3, 4 /) !é
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!...
end function sample
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module my_lib !ã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«
interface
function sample(x)
real, intent(in) :: x(:) !ã³ã³ãã€ã«æã«å€æ°ã®åã®æŽåæ§ãšããŒã¿ã®å
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!...
end function sample
end interface
end module
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allocatableå±æ§ãš allocateãšdeallocateæãçšãããã€ãããã¯ã¡ã¢ãªã¢ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã
real, allocatable :: temp(:)
allocate(temp(nn))
deallocate(temp)
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do æã® end do ã«ããçµç«¯ã
do while æ
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do i = 1, nn
if (b(i) /= 0) then
a(i) = 1.0 / b(i)
else
exit
end if
end do
selectæã
select case (sw)
case ('++')
a = a + 1
case ('--')
a = a - 1
case default
a = 0
end select
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a = 1.0e0_kind(1.0d0)
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éšé¢æ°ãããã«äŒŽãåŸæ¥ã®æé¢æ°(statement function)ã¯å»æ¢äºå®ã«ã
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以åã®ããŒãžã§ã³ãšã¯ç°ãªããFortran 90ã¯ãäœã®æ©èœãåé€ããªãã£ããïŒAppendix B.1ã«ã¯ãããã®èŠæ Œã®ãåé€ããæ©èœã®ãªã¹ãã¯ç©ºã§ãããããšèšèŒãããŠããïŒã€ãŸããFORTRAN 77ã«æºæ ããããã°ã©ã ã¯ãFortran 90ã«ããŸãæºæ ããŠããããããŠãäž¡æ¹ã®èŠæ Œã§ããã®åäœãå®çŸ©ã¥ããããé
ç®ã¯äœ¿çšå¯èœã§ãªããã°ãªããªããäžéšã®æ©èœã¯Fortran 95ã§ãåé€ãããããŸãæ©èœã®å°ããªéšåã¯ãæ代é
ãããšèªå®ãããŠå°æ¥ã®èŠæ Œã§é€å»ãããããšãäºå®ãããã
"Hello world"ã®äŸ
program helloworld
print *, "Hello, world."
end program helloworld
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Jeanne C. Adams, Walter S. Brainerd, Jeanne T. MartinïŒ "Fortran 95 Handbook: Complete Iso/Ansi Reference", MIT Press, 1997幎ãISBN 978-0262510967
Jeanne C. Adams, Walter S. Brainerd, Richard A. Hendrickson, Richard E. Maine, Jeanne T. Martin, Brian T. Smith: "The Fortran 2003 Handbook : The Complete Syntax, Features and Procedures", Springer, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84628-378-9
Ed Akin: "Object-Oriented Programming via Fortran 90/95", Cambridge Univ Press, 2003幎. ISBN 978-0-521-52408-7.
Sujit Kumar Bose: "Numerical Methods of Mathematics Implemented in Fortran", Springer, 2019.
Walter S. Brainerd, Charles H. Goldberg, Jeanne C. Adams: "Programmer's Guide to Fortran 90" (3rd Ed.), Springer, 1996.
Walter S. Brainerd: "Guide to Fortran 2003 Programming", Springer, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84882-542-0
Walter S. Brainerd: "Guide to Fortran 2008 Programming", 2nd Ed., Springer, 2015. ISBN 978-1447167587
Norman S. Clerman, Walter Spector: "Modern Fortran: Style and Usage", Cambridge University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-521-51453-8
Milan Curcic: "Modern Fortran: Building efficient parallel applications", Manning Publications, 2020. ISBN 978-1617295287.
Mark Jones Lorenzo: "Abstracting Away the Machine: The History of the FORTRAN Programming Language (FORmula TRANslation)", Independently published, 2019. ISBN 978-1082395949
Arjen Markus: "Modern Fortran in Practice", Cambridge Univ. Press, 2012. ISBN 978-1-13908479-6
M. Metcalf, J. Reid ã詳解Fortran 90ãbitå¥åãå
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Michael Metcalf, John Reid, Malcolm Cohen: "Modern Fortran Explained", Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation, 4th Ed., Oxford Univ Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0199601417
Michael Metcalf, John Reid, Malcolm Cohen: "Modern Fortran Explained : Incorporating Fortran 2018", 5th Ed., Oxford Univ. Press, 2018. ISBN 978-0198811886
Valmer Norrod, et al: "A self-study course in FORTRAN programing - Volume I - textbook", Computer Science Corporation El Segundo, California, 1970. NASA(N70-25287).
Valmer Norrod, Sheldom Blecher, and Martha Horton: "A self-study course in FORTRAN programing - Volume II - workbook", NASA CR-1478, Vol. II, 1970. NASA(N70-25288).
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An introduction to the Fortran programming language, by Reinhold Bader, Nisarg Patel, Leibniz Supercomputing Centre.
"5 Reasons Why Fortran is Still Used", blog by Martin D. Maas, Ph.D (Last updated: 2021-09-20)
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1986幎ãPIC-NIC
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1987幎ãMint-Electric
1988幎ãNON-FICTION
1989幎ãATLAS
1990幎ãSIGNAL
1991幎ãTWO_HEARTS
1991幎ãHOLIDAY
1992幎ãTWO SPIRITS Live PSYS Best Selection (Live)
1993幎ãTHE SEVEN COLORS LEGEND OF PSYã»S CITY / Macintosh CD-ROM
1993幎ãWINDOW
1994幎ãMUSIC IN YOUR EYES / Original CG video
1994幎ãHOME MADE
1994幎ãEMOTIONAL ENGINE
1996幎ãTWO BRIDGES
1998幎ãBrand New Menu+Another Diary (Compilation)
2012幎ãPsyclopedia (CD Box Set)
2020幎ãAtlas (ã¢ããã°ç€)
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1999幎ããŠã³ãžã£ãã»ã©ã㌠(SCE/PS1)
1999幎ããããªãã³ (SCE/PS1)
2000幎ãã©ã€ã ã©ã€ããŒã»ã±ããªã«ã³ (Bandai/WonderSwan)
2002幎ããã©ããã©ãããŒ2 (SCE/PS2),(2015, PS4)
2003幎ãã¢ãžããªãã³ (SCE/PS2)
2004幎ããããªããã« (SCE/PS2)
2005幎ãããŸãã£ã¡ã®ãããããã¿ãã£ã¡ (BNG/Nintendo DS)
2007幎ãMusika (Sony-BMG/IPod games, iPod)
2006幎ãããŸãã£ã¡ã®ãããããã¿ãã£ã¡ããã²ãŒãïŒ (BNG/Nintendo DS)
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2010幎ãWINtA (One Big GameiPhone/iPod touch)
2012幎ãHaunt (MS/Xbox 360)
2015幎ãBeat Sports (Hermonix/Apple TV) äžéšé³æ¥œéšåã®ã¿ã§ã®åå
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Exclusive Interview with Noam Chomsky in Istanbul, Turkey, Where Chomsky and His Turkish Publisher Stood Accused of Crimes Against the State - Democracy Now!(February 14, 2002)
Professor Noam Chomsky Explores the Current Rhetoric of âTerrorâ and âTerrorismâ - Democracy Now!(October 24, 2002)
Noam Chomsky on Hegemony or Survival: Americaâs Quest For Global Dominance - Democracy Now!(October 22, 2003)
An Hour With Noam Chomsky on Iraq, War Profiteers & The Media - Democracy Now!(December 26, 2003)
Noam Chomsky on the State of the Nation, Iraq and the Election - Democracy Now!(October 21, 2004)
Noam Chomsky: U.S. Might Face âUltimate Nightmareâ in Middle East Where Shiites Control Most of Worldâs Oil - Democracy Now!(February 09, 2005)
Noam Chomsky v. Alan Dershowitz: A Debate on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict - Democracy Now!(December 23, 2005)
EXCLUSIVEâŠNoam Chomsky on Failed States: The Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy - Democracy Now!(March 31, 2006)
Noam Chomsky on Iraq Troop Withdrawal, Haiti, Democracy in Latin America and the Israeli Elections - Democracy Now!(April 03, 2006)
âThe United States is TerrifiedââNoam Chomsky on Latin Americaâs Move Towards âIndependence and Integrationâ - Democracy Now!(June 06, 2006)
From Bolivia to Baghdad: Noam Chomsky on Creating Another World in a Time of War, Empire and Devastation - Democracy Now!(December 19, 2006)
In Rare Joint Interview, Noam Chomsky and Howard Zinn on Iraq, Vietnam, Activism and History - Democracy Now!(April 16, 2007)ïŒãã§ã ã¹ããŒãšãžã³ãç°äŸã®å
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Noam Chomsky Accuses Alan Dershowitz of Launching a âJihadâ to Block Norman Finkelstein From Getting Tenure at Depaul University - Democracy Now!(April 17, 2007)ïŒãã§ã ã¹ããŒãããŒã·ã§ãŠã£ããã¯ãã£ã³ã±ã«ã¹ã¿ã€ã³ãžã®âèæŠâãå§ããããæ¥æ¬èªåå¹ä»ããã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒããŠïŒãžã£ãã³ïŒ
Not Through Annapolis: Noam Chomsky Says Path to Mideast Peace Lies in Popular Organizing Against U.S.-Israeli âRejectionismâ - Democracy Now!(April 17, 2007)ïŒã¢ãããªã¹ããäžæ±å¹³åã¯çãŸããªããé Œã¿ã¯æ°è¡ã®é£åž¯ã®ã¿ãããŒã ã»ãã§ã ã¹ããŒãæ¥æ¬èªåå¹ä»ããã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒããŠïŒãžã£ãã³ïŒ
Noam Chomsky: Why is Iraq Missing from 2008 Presidential Race? - Democracy Now!(February 26, 2008)ïŒã¹ã¯ãªããæ¥æ¬èªæŠèŠïŒ
Noam Chomsky: âWhat Next? The Elections, the Economy, and the Worldâ - Democracy Now!(November 24, 2008)ïŒããŒã ã»ãã§ã ã¹ããŒãããããã©ããªãïŒéžæãçµæžãäžçããæ¥æ¬èªåå¹ä»ããã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒããŠïŒãžã£ãã³ïŒ
Noam Chomsky: Obamaâs Stance on Gaza Crisis âApproximately the Bush Positionâ - Democracy Now!(January 23, 2009)ïŒããŒã ã»ãã§ã ã¹ããŒãã¬ã¶å±æ©ãžã®ãªããã®ç«å Žã¯ããã·ã¥ãšåãããæ¥æ¬èªåå¹ä»ããã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒããŠïŒãžã£ãã³ïŒ
Noam Chomsky: "The Center Cannot Hold: Rekindling the Radical Imagination" - Democracy Now!(May 31, 2010)ïŒããŒã ãã§ã ã¹ããŒè¬æŒãäžå¿ã®åŽ©å£ïœã©ãã£ã«ã«ãªæ³ååã®åèããæ¥æ¬èªåå¹ä»ããã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒããŠïŒãžã£ãã³ïŒ
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[S[NP[D a][N girl]][VP[V liked][NP[D a][N boy]]]]
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S â NP^VP
VP â V^NP
NP â (D^)N
V â {liked, ...}
N â {girl, boy, ...}
D â {a, the, my, some, every, ...}
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D^girl^VP,a^N^VP,a^girl^VP,NP^liked^NP,a^N^liked^NP,D^girl^liked^NP,NP^V^D^N,NP^like^D^N,
NP^V^a^N,NP^V^D^boy,NP^like^a^N,NP^like^D^boy,NP^like^a^boy,a^N^V^D^N,a^girl^V^D^N,
a^N^liked^D^N,a^N^V^a^N,a^N^V^D^boy,D^girl^liked^D^N,D^girl^V^a^N,D^girl^V^D^boy,
D^girl^V^D^N,D^N^liked^D^N,D^N^liked^a^N,D^N^liked^D^boy,D^N^V^a^N,D^N^V^a^boy,D^N^V^D^boy,
a^girl^liked^D^N,a^girl^V^a^N,a^girl^V^D^boy,D^girl^liked^D^N,D^girl^like^a^N,
D^girl^liked^D^boy,a^girl^liked^a^N,a^girl^liked^D^boy,D^N^V^a^N,D^N^V^D^boy,
a^girl^liked^a^boy}
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Affix Hopping
X-Affix-V-Y
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 â 1 - 3+2 - 4
a boy +PAST be+en like by a girl â a boy be+PAST like+en by a girl
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(March 1968). âLetters to the editor: go to statement considered harmfulâ. Communications of the ACM 11 (3): 147â148. . . (EWD215) - Go To æã¯æ害ã ãšèãããã
(Aug 1972). âThe Humble Programmerâ. Communications of the ACM 15 (10): 859â866. . (EWD340) PDF, 1972幎ã®ãã¥ãŒãªã³ã°è³è¬æŒ
(May 1982). âHow do we tell truths that might hurt?â. SIGPLAN Notice 17 (5): 13â15. . . (EWD498)
From My Life (EWD1166)
(August 1975), Guarded commands, nondeterminacy and formal derivation of program. Communications of the ACM, 18(8):453â457.
(1976), A Discipline of Programming, Prentice-Hall Series in Automatic Computation, ISBN 0-13-215871-X â Guarded Command Language
Selected Writings on Computing: A Personal Perspective, Texts and Monographs in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 1982, ISBN 0-387-90652-5
A Method of Programming, E.W. Dijkstra, W.H.J. Feijen, trsl. by J. Sterringa, Addison Wesley 1988, ISBN 0-201-17536-3
Carel S. Scholten ãšã®å
±è (1990). Predicate Calculus and Program Semantics. Springer-Verlag ISBN 0-387-96957-8 â è¿°èªå€ææå³è«
O.-J. Dahl, C. A. R. Hoare ãšã®å
±è Structured Programming, Academic Press, London, 1972 ISBN 0-12-200550-3
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Opening Remarks by J Strother Moore
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1985 Interview with Edsger Dijkstra, which he considered the best of his life
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data Suit = Spade | Heart | Club | Diamond
次ã®äŸã¯ String åã®å€ãæ ŒçŽããäºåæšã®åã§ãããLeafïŒèïŒã¯ String åã®å€ãæã¡ãBranchïŒæïŒã¯ Leaf ããã㯠Branch ã§ãã Tree åã®å€æ°ãäºã€æã€ãããã¯ä»£æ°çããŒã¿åã®æ§é äœçãªæ§è³ªãšåæäœçãªæ§è³ªã®äž¡æ¹ãçŸããŠããã
data Tree = Leaf String | Branch Tree Tree
organisms :: Tree
organisms = Branch animals plants -- Branch (Branch (Branch (Leaf "Lion") (Leaf "Tiger")) (Leaf "Wolf")) (Leaf "Cherry")
animals = Branch cats (Leaf "Wolf")
cats = Branch (Leaf "Lion") (Leaf "Tiger")
plants = Leaf "Cherry"
GADTãšåŒã°ããæ©èœã䜿ããšãã³ã³ã¹ãã©ã¯ã¿ã®åãæ瀺ããŠããŒã¿åãå®çŸ©ããããšãã§ããã
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-}
data Male
data Female
data Person s where
Adam :: Person Male
Eve :: Person Female
Child :: Person Male -> Person Female -> Int -> Person a
ç¡åé¢æ°
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sortList xs = sortBy (\as bs -> compare (length as) (length bs)) xs
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max a b = if a > b then a else b
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max = \a -> \b -> if a > b then a else b
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filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
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positives :: [Int] -> [Int]
positives = filter (> 0)
ps = positives [-4, 5, 0, 3, -1, 9] -- [5, 3, 9]
ããã§ãpositives ããã³ filter ã®ç¬¬2åŒæ°ã¯ãœãŒã¹ã³ãŒãäžã«çŸããã«èšè¿°ã§ããŠãããããã®ããã«åçŽã«æžããã®ãã«ãªãŒåã®æ©æµã«ãããã®ã§ããã
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total :: [Int] -> Int
total [] = 0
total (x:xs) = x + total xs
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(x, y) = (10, 20)
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["Spring", "Summer", "Autumn", "Winter"]
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primes :: [Int]
primes = [x | x <- [2..], and [rem x y /= 0 | y <- [2 .. x - 1]]]
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class Comparer a where
order :: a -> a -> Int
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instance (Eq a, Enum a) => Comparer [a] where
order [] [] = 0
order _ [] = 1
order [] _ = -1
order (x:xs) (y:ys) | x /= y = fromEnum x - fromEnum y
| otherwise = order xs ys
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sort :: Comparer a => [a] -> [a]
sort [] = []
sort (x:xs) = sort [e | e <- xs, order e x < 0] ++ [x] ++ sort [e | e <- xs, order e x >= 0]
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main = do
print (sort ["foo", "bar", "baz"]) -- ["bar", "baz", "foo"] ãšåºåãããã
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main :: IO ()
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fac :: Integer -> Integer
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calc :: String -> [Float]
calc = foldl f [] . words
where
f (x:y:zs) "+" = y+x:zs
f (x:y:zs) "-" = y-x:zs
f (x:y:zs) "*" = y*x:zs
f (x:y:zs) "/" = y/x:zs
f xs y = read y : xs
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fibs = 0 : 1 : zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs)
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fibs = 0 : 1 : 1 : 2 : 3 : 5 : ...
+ + + + + +
tail fibs = 1 : 1 : 2 : 3 : 5 : ...
= = = = = =
zipWith ... = 1 : 2 : 3 : 5 : 8 : ...
fibs = 0 : 1 : 1 : 2 : 3 : 5 : 8 : ...
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å
è¡šèšã䞊åçãªçæãèšè¿°ã§ããããæ¡åŒµããParallelListCompãçšããŠæžããåæ§ã®åŒã§ãããïŒGHCã®æ¡åŒµã¯ç¹å¥ãªã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ãã©ã°ããŸãã¯LANGUAGEãã©ã°ãã«ãã£ãŠæå¹ã«ããªããã°ãªããªãã詳ããã¯GHCã®ããã¥ã¢ã«ãåç
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{-# LANGUAGE ParallelListComp #-}
fibs = 0 : 1 : [ a+b | a <- fibs | b <- tail fibs ]
å
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fac n = foldl (.) id [(*k) | k <- [1..n]] 1
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hamming = 1 : map (*2) hamming # map (*3) hamming # map (*5) hamming
where xxs@(x:xs) # yys@(y:ys)
| x==y = x : xs # ys
| x<y = x : xs # yys
| x>y = y : xxs # ys
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Bastiaan Heeren, Daan Leijen, Arjan van IJzendoorn. Helium, for learning Haskell. 2003幎㮠ACM SIGPLAN workshop ã§ã®Haskellã®èšé²ã
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Landau, Rubin H.; Paez, Jose; Bordeianu, Cristian C. (2011). A survey of computational physics: introductory computational science. :en:Princeton University Press.
Steven E. Koonin, Computational Physics, :en:Addison-Wesley (1986)
T. Pang, An Introduction to Computational Physics, :en:Cambridge University Press (2010)
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1952幎10æ - 京éœåºäº¬éœåžæ±å±±åºçŠçš²äžé«æŸçºã«å·¥å ŽïŒçŸã»äº¬éœãªãµãŒãã»ã³ã¿ãŒïŒãèšçœ®ã
1953幎 - æ¥æ¬åãšãªããã©ã¹ããã¯ãã©ã³ãã®è£œé ã«æåã
1959幎9æ - å·¥å Žã®ãã京éœåžæ±å±±åºçŠçš²äžé«æŸçºã«æ¬ç€Ÿã移転ã
1962幎1æ - 倧éªèšŒåžååŒæåžå Žç¬¬äºéšã京éœèšŒåžååŒæã«æ ªåŒäžå ŽïŒçŸåšã¯åžå Žçµ±åïŒã
1963幎10æ - 任倩å æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿã«åå·å€æŽã
1971幎 - ç°¡æè€åæ©ãã³ãã©ã¹ããçºå£²ã10äžå°ä»¥äžãåºè·ãããããååã«ãªãã
1973幎 - æ¥åçšã¬ãžã£ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãã¬ãŒã¶ãŒã¯ã¬ãŒå°æã·ã¹ãã ããéçºã
1975幎 - æ¥åçšã¡ãã«ã²ãŒã æ©ãEVRã¬ãŒã¹ããéçºã
1976幎4æ23æ¥ - 任倩å ã¬ãžã£ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãã¢ãã¥ãŒãºã¡ã³ãæ¥çã®å£äœã§ãããå
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1978幎 - æ¥åçšãããªã²ãŒã æ©ã®è²©å£²ãéå§ã
1980幎
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1981幎7æ9æ¥ - ã¢ãŒã±ãŒãã²ãŒã çããã³ããŒã³ã³ã°ãã®çšŒåãéå§ããã®äžã§ã®ã¡ã«ä»»å€©å ã代衚ãããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãšãªããããªãªããåããŠç»å ŽããŠããã
1982幎
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1989幎
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1990幎
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1993幎2æ - ãã©ã³ã¹ã«çŸå°æ³äººãNintendo France S.A.R.L.ããèšç«ã
1995幎7æ21æ¥ - 3Dã²ãŒã æ©ãããŒãã£ã«ããŒã€ããçºå£²ã
1996幎
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2000幎11æ - 京éœåºäº¬éœåžååºã«æ¬ç€Ÿã移転ã
2001幎
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2004幎
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2006幎
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2009幎
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2012幎
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Ritchie, D.M.; Thompson, K., The UNIX Time-Sharing System (The Bell System Technical Journal, JulyâAugust 1978, Vol. 57, No. 6, Part 2)
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Lions, John: Lions' Commentary on the Sixth Edition UNIX Operating System with Source Code, Peer-to-Peer Communications, 1996; ISBN 1-57398-013-7
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Salus, Peter H.: A Quarter Century of UNIX, Addison Wesley, 1 June 1994; ISBN 0-201-54777-5
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The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System
The Creation of the UNIX Operating System
The Unix Tree: files from historic releases
The Unix 1st Edition Manuals.
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A History of UNIX before Berkeley: UNIX Evolution: 1975-1984
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Andrew Tanenbaum, Operating Systems â Design and Implementation (Third edition);
Andrew Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems (Second edition);
Daniel P. Bovet, Marco Cesati, The Linux Kernel;
David A. Peterson, Nitin Indurkhya, Patterson, Computer Organization and Design, Morgan Koffman (ISBN 1-55860-428-6);
B.S. Chalk, Computer Organisation and Architecture, Macmillan P.(ISBN 0-333-64551-0).
Houdek, M. E., Soltis, F. G., and Hoffman, R. L. 1981. IBM System/38 support for capability-based addressing''. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Computer Architecture. ACM/IEEE, pp. 341â348.
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