wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  “Jungle Jack” was director of the zoo from 1978 to 1992, and is viewed as largely responsible for elevating its quality and reputation.
Revised:  "Jungle Jack" was director of the zoo from 1978 to 1992, and is viewed as largely responsible for elevating its quality and reputation.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  From 1981-83, Hanna hosted a local television program, "Hanna's Ark , "  which aired on the local CBS affiliate in Columbus, WBNS. Hanna's live animal demonstrations on Good Morning America and David Letterman's talk show incarnations brought national attention to the Columbus Zoo as well as to Hanna himself.
Revised:  From 1981-83, Hanna hosted a local television program, "Hanna's Ark " which aired on the local CBS affiliate in Columbus, WBNS. Hanna's live animal demonstrations on Good Morning America and David Letterman's talk show incarnations brought national attention to the Columbus Zoo as well as to Hanna himself.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  From 1981-83, Hanna hosted a local television program, "Hanna's Ark , "  which aired on the local CBS affiliate in Columbus, WBNS. Hanna's live animal demonstrations on Good Morning America and David Letterman's talk show incarnations brought national attention to the Columbus Zoo as well as to Hanna himself.
Revised:  From 1981-83, Hanna hosted a local television program, "Hanna's Ark , " , which aired on the local CBS affiliate in Columbus, WBNS. Hanna's live animal demonstrations on Good Morning America and David Letterman's talk show incarnations brought national attention to the Columbus Zoo as well as to Hanna himself.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Career Jack Hanna (left) reenlists Culinary Specialist 2nd Class Richard Youhan with Seamore, the sea lion Although unable to secure zoning as a zoo for his father's farm, Hanna and Suzi opened a pet shop and petting zoo.
Revised: Career Hanna (left) reenlists Culinary Specialist 2nd Class Richard Youhan with Seamore, the sea lion Although unable to secure zoning as a zoo for his father's farm, Hanna and Suzi opened a pet shop and petting zoo.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This first appeared in Veery journal, 1996, then reprinted in the Austin American-Statesman (1997, and then quoted from in The New York Times obituary by Douglas Martin (2000).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Open Court, 1965 A Natural Theology for our Time, La Salle:
Revised:  Open Court, 1965 A Natural Theology for Our Time, La Salle:
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Open Court, 1967, reprint ed. 1992, Creative Synthesis and Philosophic Method, S.C.M. Press, 1970, Reality as Social Process, New York:
Revised:  Open Court, 1967, reprint ed. 1992, Creative Synthesis and Philosophic Method, SCM Press, 1970, Reality as Social Process, New York:
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Hartshorne: Basic Metaphysical Issues (Washington D.C. : University Press of America, 1981).
Revised:  Hartshorne: Basic Metaphysical Issues (Washington : University Press of America, 1981).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Donald W. Viney, Charles Hartshorne and the Existence of God, forward by Charles Hartshorne, State University of New York Press, 1985, (hardcover), (paperback) Santiago Sia, editor, Charles Hartshorne's Concept of God: Philosophical and Theological Responses, Springer, 1989, Santiago Sia, Religion, Reason, and God: Essays in the Philosophies of Charles Hartshorne and A.N. Whitehead, Peter Lang Publisher, 2004, Barry L. Whitney, Evil and the Process God, Toronto: Edwin Mellen Press, 1985
Revised:  Donald W. Viney, Charles Hartshorne and the Existence of God, foreword by Charles Hartshorne, State University of New York Press, 1985, (hardcover), (paperback) Santiago Sia, editor, Charles Hartshorne's Concept of God: Philosophical and Theological Responses, Springer, 1989, Santiago Sia, Religion, Reason, and God: Essays in the Philosophies of Charles Hartshorne and A.N. Whitehead, Peter Lang Publisher, 2004, Barry L. Whitney, Evil and the Process God, Toronto: Edwin Mellen Press, 1985
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Early life and education Hartshorne (pronounced harts-horn) was born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania, and was a son of Reverend Francis Cope Hartshorne (October 4, 1868 - April 16, 1950) and Marguerite Haughton (September 6, 1868 - November 4, 1959), who were married on April 25, 1895  in Bryn Mawr, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.
Revised: Early life and education Hartshorne (pronounced harts-horn) was born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania, and was a son of Reverend Francis Cope Hartshorne (October 4, 1868 - April 16, 1950) and Marguerite Haughton (September 6, 1868 - November 4, 1959), who were married on April 25, 1895 , in Bryn Mawr, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Rev. F. C. Hartshorne, who was a minister in the Protestant Episcopal Church, was rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Kittanning from 1897-1909 , then rector of St.
Revised:  Rev. F. C. Hartshorne, who was a minister in the Protestant Episcopal Church, was rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Kittanning from 1897 to 1909 , then rector of St.
Edit intent: style
Original:  Peter's Episcopal Church in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania for 19 years (from 1909-1928 ).
Revised:  Peter's Episcopal Church in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania for 19 years (from 1909 to 1928 ).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Charles attended Haverford College between 1915 –17 , but then spent two years as a hospital orderly serving in the US Army.
Revised:  Charles attended Haverford College between 1915 and 1917 , but then spent two years as a hospital orderly serving in the US Army.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  From 1923-25 Hartshorne pursued further studies in Europe.
Revised:  From 1923 to 1925 Hartshorne pursued further studies in Europe.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  He then returned to Harvard University as a research fellow from 1925 –28 , where he and Paul Weiss edited the Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce v. 1–6 and spent a semester assisting Alfred North Whitehead.
Revised:  He then returned to Harvard University as a research fellow from 1925 to 1928 , where he and Paul Weiss edited the Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce v. 1–6 and spent a semester assisting Alfred North Whitehead.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 – 1955), and was also a member of the University 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 – 1955).
Revised:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 to 1955), and was also a member of the University 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 – 1955).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 – 1955), and was also a member of the University 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 – 1955).
Revised:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 – 1955), and was also a member of the university 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 – 1955).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 – 1955), and was also a member of the University 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 – 1955).
Revised:  Career After Hartshorne worked at Harvard University, he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1928 – 1955), and was also a member of the University 's Federated Theological Faculty (1943 to 1955).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  American military personnel of World War I Category:
Revised:  United States Army personnel of World War I Category:
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In 1644, the regent king Dorgon led the Eight Banners soldiers to enter the Shanhai PAss , destroyed the Southern Ming regime, and established the Qing dynasty of the unified Manchu ruling class.
Revised: In 1644, the regent king Dorgon led the Eight Banners soldiers to enter the Shanhai Pass , destroyed the Southern Ming regime, and established the Qing dynasty of the unified Manchu ruling class.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: The integration and development of culture The evolution of Manchu language is a major event in the Manchu culture.
Revised: The Integration and Development of Culture The evolution of Manchu language is a major event in the Manchu culture.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This kind of integration promotes the development and prosperity of the two ethnic groups in politics, economy and culture    
Revised:  This kind of integration promotes the development and prosperity of the two ethnic groups in politics, economy and culture . 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Indeed, at the end of the Qing dynasty, even the most prominent people in the royal court were not able to speak Manchu .
Revised:  Indeed, at the end of the Qing dynasty, even the most prominent people in the royal court were not able to speak Manchu 
Edit intent: fluency
Original: In 1583, the Manchu chieftain Nurhachi began to unite and unified the Jurchen ministries.
Revised: In 1583, the Manchu chieftain Nurhaci began to unite and unified the Jurchen ministries.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Many Han officials also promoted the development of the Qing Dynasty .
Revised:  Many Han officials also promoted the development of the Qing dynasty .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  It can be said that without these Han officials, the demise of the Qing Dynasty would be faster.
Revised:  It can be said that without these Han officials, the demise of the Qing dynasty would be faster.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Although Manchurians were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in the South of China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming Dynasty .
Revised:  Although Manchus were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in the South of China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming Dynasty .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Although Manchurians were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in the South of China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming Dynasty .
Revised:  Although Manchurians were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in southern China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming Dynasty .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Although Manchurians were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in the South of China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming Dynasty .
Revised:  Although Manchurians were not of Han Chinese origin, especially in the South of China where they were strongly resisted, they absorbed a lot of Chinese culture before conquering Ming dynasty .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Sinicization of the Manchus is the history of how the Manchu people became assimilated into the Han Chinese society.
Revised: Sinicization of the Manchus is the process in which the Manchu people became assimilated into the Han Chinese society.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Sinicization of the Manchus is the history of how the Manchu people became assimilated into the Han Chinese society.
Revised: Sinicization of the Manchus is the history of how the Manchu people became assimilated into Han Chinese society.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The relationship between the ancestors of today's Manchus and the Han people during the period of the ancestors was relatively close, and they traded with each other and married with each other .
Revised:  The relationship between the ancestors of today's Manchus and the Han Chinese under the new dynasty .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In 1583, the Manchu chieftain Nurhaci began to unite and unified the Jurchen ministries.
Revised:  In 1583, Manchu chieftain Nurhaci began to unite and unified the Jurchen ministries.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The bureaucratic system, land management, military establishment, and culture of the Qing Dynasty were all subject to drastic changes due to the  influence of the Central Plains region , which is called the "Sinicization of the Manchus" .
Revised:  The bureaucratic system, land management, military establishment, and culture of the Qing Dynasty were all subject to drastic changes due to the prevalent influence of the Central Plains region , which is called the "Sinicization of the Manchus" .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The bureaucratic system, land management, military establishment, and culture of the Qing Dynasty were all subject to drastic changes due to the  influence of the Central Plains region , which is called the "Sinicization of the Manchus" .
Revised:  The bureaucratic system, land management, military establishment, and culture of the Qing Dynasty were all subject to drastic changes due to the influence of the Central Plains region in China .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  During the Qianlong period, the Han culture was revered among Manchus, and the relationship between Manchus and Han people also gained a lot of advantages.
Revised:  During the Qianlong period, Han culture was revered among Manchus, and the relationship between Manchus and Han people also gained a lot of advantages.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Manchu people realized that to dominate the empire, they must act according to Chinese customs, thus retaining many systems of the Ming Dynasty.
Revised:  The new Manchu rulers retained many of the systems that existed in the Ming Dynasty.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The central government system of the Qing Dynasty mostly followed the Ming Dynasty, but it also had its own new features .
Revised:  The central government system of the Qing Dynasty mostly followed the Ming Dynasty, but adjusted to the needs of the current society they ruled .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The duties of cabinet of the Qing Dynasty were as good as the Ming Dynasty, but the actual rights were much smaller than the previous generation.
Revised:  The duties of cabinet of the Qing Dynasty granted less rights than the previous generation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The Qing Dynasty's inheritance of the throne has changed, and at the beginning of the Emperor Yongzheng, he established a secret reserve system.
Revised:  During Emperor Yongzheng's reign, he established a secret reserve system.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The Operation of the Flag After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, because the Manchu people and the Han people lived together and Manchu people learned the Han people's life and production methods, the Manchu people gradually absorbed the advanced Han culture.
Revised:  The Operation of the Flag During and after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, because the Manchu people and the Han people lived together and Manchu people learned the Han people's life and production methods, the Manchu people gradually absorbed the advanced Han culture.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The Operation of the Flag After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, because the Manchu people and the Han people lived together and Manchu people learned the Han people's life and production methods, the Manchu people gradually absorbed the advanced Han culture.
Revised:  The Operation of the Flag After the Qing Dynasty , the Manchu people and the Han people lived together and Manchu people learned the Han people's life and production methods, the Manchu people gradually absorbed the advanced Han culture.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Future Prospects Despite the past glories of Manchu as a royal language, it is declining drastically and faces the risk of being extinct.
Revised:  Future Prospects Despite the past status of Manchu as a royal language, it is declining drastically and faces the risk of being extinct.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Most schools in the country basically only teach Chinese, and few schools teaching minority languages are less than 5\% of the education system.
Revised:  The schools in China teaching minority languages are less than 5\% of the education system.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Most schools in the country basically only teach Chinese, and few schools teaching minority languages are less than 5\% of the education system.
Revised:  Most schools in the country basically only teach Chinese, and few schools teaching minority languages consist of less than 5\% of the education system.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Revised:  Currently, there are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Revised:  There are only two schools in China that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Revised:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is increasingly difficult for new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive their own education of their language.
Revised:  There are only two schools in the country that can teach Manchu, and it is even more difficult for the new generation of Manchus to receive education of their language.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Sinicization of the Manchus is the process in which the Manchu people became assimilated into Han Chinese society.
Revised: Sinicization of the Manchus is the process in which the Manchu people became assimilated into the Han-dominated Chinese society.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The sinicization of the Manchus occurred most prominently during the Qing Dynasty when attempts were made by the new Manchu rulers to assimilate the Manchus and the Han Chinese under the new dynasty.
Revised:  The sinicization of the Manchus occurred most prominently during the Qing dynasty when attempts were made by the new Manchu rulers to assimilate the Manchus and the Han Chinese under the new dynasty.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The sinicization of the Manchus occurred most prominently during the Qing Dynasty when attempts were made by the new Manchu rulers to assimilate the Manchus and the Han Chinese under the new dynasty.
Revised:  The sinicization of the Manchus occurred most prominently during the Qing Dynasty when attempts were made by the new Manchu rulers to assimilate the Manchu and Han peoples under the new dynasty.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Background Battle Indonesian navy vessels consisting of frigate KRI Ratulangi, corvette KRI Barakuda, destroyer escort KRI Martadinata and repair ship KRI Jaya Wijaya arrived off the coast of Dili around 02:00.
Revised:  Battle Indonesian navy vessels consisting of frigate KRI Ratulangi, corvette KRI Barakuda, destroyer escort KRI Martadinata and repair ship KRI Jaya Wijaya arrived off the coast of Dili around 02:00.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Two Portuguese Navy frigates NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and another one were also present, but the ships had covered its cannons and did not engage the Indonesians.
Revised:  Two Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and another one were also present, but the ships had covered its cannons and did not engage the Indonesians.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: After the first sortie was dropped, the planes returned to Penfui airfield in Kupang, and a second sortie comprising of five planes was launched.
Revised: After the first sortie was dropped, the planes returned to Penfui airfield in Kupang, and a second sortie comprising five planes was launched.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Burba is an expert on the in-situ measurement methods: an author of instrument surface heating concept, related equations known as “Burba corrections”, an inventor of the two new types of gas analyzers known as “enclosed-path” and “semi-open-path” analyzers, and an inventor of methods for computing gas fluxes from the open-path high-speed laser-based analyzers, and from the multiple types of low-speed gas analyzers.
Revised:  He is an expert on the in-situ measurement methods: an author of instrument surface heating concept, related equations known as “Burba corrections”, an inventor of the two new types of gas analyzers known as “enclosed-path” and “semi-open-path” analyzers, and an inventor of methods for computing gas fluxes from the open-path high-speed laser-based analyzers, and from the multiple types of low-speed gas analyzers.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Education Burba was educated at Lomonosov Moscow State University and at the University of Nebraska where he received a PhD in 2005 in Bio-Atmospheric Sciences for the study of water, light and energy transport in the ecosystems, supervised by Professor Shashi Verma.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Career and research After his PhD, Burba worked as a graduate faculty at the University of Nebraska and as a scientist at the LI-COR Biosciences.
Revised:  After his PhD, Burba worked as a graduate faculty at the University of Nebraska and as a scientist at the LI-COR Biosciences.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The same year he was elected a Senior Member of the National Academy of Inventors   .
Revised:  The same year he was elected a Senior Member of the National Academy of Inventors . .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Burba is a Science & Strategy Fellow at LI-COR Biosciences, a Global Fellow at Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, and a Graduate Adjunct Professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Revised: He is a Science & Strategy Fellow at LI-COR Biosciences, a Global Fellow at Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, and a Graduate Adjunct Professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Research and Career Burba is an experimental researcher, and a leading figure in micrometeorology, ecosystem gas and energy exchange, and the measurements of turbulent transport of greenhouse and other gases, water vapor and energy within atmospheric boundary layer, canopy and soil layers .
Revised:  Burba is an experimental researcher, and a leading figure in micrometeorology, ecosystem gas and energy exchange, and the measurements of turbulent transport of greenhouse and other gases, water vapor and energy within atmospheric boundary layer, canopy and soil layers .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Research and Career Burba is an expert on the in-situ measurement methods: an author of instrument surface heating concept, related equations known as “Burba corrections”, an inventor of the two new types of gas analyzers known as “enclosed-path” and “semi-open-path” analyzers, and an inventor of methods for computing gas fluxes from the open-path high-speed laser-based analyzers, and from the multiple types of low-speed gas analyzers.
Revised: Research and career Burba is an expert on the in-situ measurement methods: an author of instrument surface heating concept, related equations known as “Burba corrections”, an inventor of the two new types of gas analyzers known as “enclosed-path” and “semi-open-path” analyzers, and an inventor of methods for computing gas fluxes from the open-path high-speed laser-based analyzers, and from the multiple types of low-speed gas analyzers.
Edit intent: fluency