wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  By contrast, natural scientists focus primarily on searching and modeling network characteristics that are independent of context, since their focus is to identify universal characteristics of systems that are independent of context, instead of context specific mechanisms.
Revised:  By contrast, natural scientists focus primarily on searching and modeling network characteristics that are independent of context, since their focus is to identify universal characteristics of systems instead of context specific mechanisms.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In the following pages I will discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify the study of networks.
Revised:  In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify the study of networks.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify the study of networks.
Revised:  In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify how they study networks.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  I conclude by briefly reviewing the historical sources of these differences and by providing an outlook on how these two literatures may come closer together .
Revised:  I conclude by providing an outlook on how these two literatures may come closer together .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  I conclude by briefly reviewing the historical sources of these differences and by providing an outlook on how these two literatures may come closer together .
Revised:  I conclude by briefly reviewing the historical sources of these differences and by providing an outlook on how this literature can be further unified .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify how they study networks .
Revised:  In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify their approach to network science .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  I conclude by providing an outlook on how this literature can be further unified.
Revised:  I conclude by providing an outlook on how these literatures can be further unified.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Many algorithms for sequence analysis use patterns or spaced seeds consisting of match and don't-care positions  , such that only characters at the match positions are considered when sub-words of the sequences are counted or compared .
Revised: Many algorithms for sequence analysis rely on word matching or word statistics. Often, these approaches can be improved if binary patterns representing match and don't-care positions , such that only characters at the match positions are considered when sub-words of the sequences are counted or compared .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Many algorithms for sequence analysis use patterns or spaced seeds consisting of match and don't-care positions  , such that only characters at the match positions are considered when sub-words of the sequences are counted or compared .
Revised: Many algorithms for sequence analysis use patterns or spaced seeds consisting of match and don't-care positions , such that only those positions of words are considered that correspond to the match positions of the patterns .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The performance of these approaches  depends on the underlying patterns.
Revised:  The performance of these approaches , however, depends on the underlying patterns.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Herein, we show that the overlap complexity of a pattern set that was introduced by Ilie and Ilie is closely related to the variance of the number of spaced-word matches between two evolutionarily related sequences , with respect to this pattern set.
Revised:  Herein, we show that the overlap complexity of a pattern set that was introduced by Ilie and Ilie is closely related to the variance of the number of matches between two evolutionarily related sequences , with respect to this pattern set.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Herein, we show that the overlap complexity of a pattern set that was introduced by Ilie and Ilie is closely related to the variance of the number of spaced-word matches between two evolutionarily related sequences , with respect to this pattern set.
Revised:  Herein, we show that the overlap complexity of a pattern set that was introduced by Ilie and Ilie is closely related to the variance of the number of spaced-word matches between two evolutionarily related sequences with respect to this pattern set.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We propose an improved hill-climbing algorithm to optimize sets of patterns or multiple seeds for database searching, read mapping and alignment-free sequence comparison . Experimental results show thatour approach generates seeds with higher sensitivity than existing approaches.
Revised:  We propose a modified hill-climbing algorithm to optimize sets of patterns or multiple seeds for database searching, read mapping and alignment-free sequence comparison . Experimental results show thatour approach generates seeds with higher sensitivity than existing approaches.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We propose an improved hill-climbing algorithm to optimize sets of patterns or multiple seeds for database searching, read mapping and alignment-free sequence comparison . Experimental results show thatour approach generates seeds with higher sensitivity than existing approaches.
Revised:  We propose an improved hill-climbing algorithm to optimize pattern sets for database searching, read mapping and alignment-free sequence comparison . Experimental results show thatour approach generates seeds with higher sensitivity than existing approaches.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In our spaced-words approach to alignment-free sequence comparison, pattern sets calculated with RasBhari led to more accurate estimates of phylogenetic distances than the randomly generated pattern sets that we previously used.
Revised:  In our Spaced Words approach to alignment-free sequence comparison, pattern sets calculated with RasBhari led to more accurate estimates of phylogenetic distances than the randomly generated pattern sets that we previously used.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In our spaced-words approach to alignment-free sequence comparison, pattern sets calculated with RasBhari led to more accurate estimates of phylogenetic distances than the randomly generated pattern sets that we previously used.
Revised:  In our spaced-words approach to alignment-free sequence comparison, pattern sets calculated with rasbhari led to more accurate estimates of phylogenetic distances than the randomly generated pattern sets that we previously used.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Market ask price is always greater than the market bid price, and these prices move upwards and downwards due to new arrivals, market trades, and cancellations.
Revised:  Market ask price is always greater than market bid price, and these prices move upwards and downwards due to new arrivals, market trades, and cancellations.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  When the two prices become equal, a trade occurs, and immediately after the trade, these prices bounce back, that is, the market bid price decreases and the market ask price increases.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We model these two price processes as `` bouncing geometric Brownian motions ( GBM)'': that is, the price processes evolve according to two independent GBMs between trading times .
Revised:  We model these two price processes as " bouncing geometric Brownian motions ( GBM)'': that is, the price processes evolve according to two independent GBMs between trading times .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We show that, under this model,  the inter-trading times follow an inverse Gaussian distribution , and the logarithmic returns between consecutive trading times follow a normal inverse Gaussian distribution.
Revised:  We show that, under this model, the inter-trading times are inverse Gaussian distributed , and the logarithmic returns between consecutive trading times follow a normal inverse Gaussian distribution.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We illustrate the effectiveness of the prediction methods with an example using real stock price data.
Revised:  We illustrate the effectiveness of the prediction formula with an example using real stock price data.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This way, we develop an efficient stochastic optimization algorithm called RENDER (REspoNdent-Driven nEtwork Reconstruction) that finds the network that best explains the collected data.
Revised:  We develop an efficient stochastic optimization algorithm called RENDER (REspoNdent-Driven nEtwork Reconstruction) that finds the network that best explains the collected data.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We describe how training a decoder in this way can be seen as an imitation learning problem, where an oracle or expert is employed for supervised training in lieu of direct observations, which are not available.
Revised:  We describe how training a decoder in this way is a novel variant of an imitation learning problem, where an oracle or expert is employed for supervised training in lieu of direct observations, which are not available.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Specifically, we adapt a generic imitation learning meta-algorithm, dataset aggregation (DAgger, [1]),  to train a  brain-computer interface in arbitrary dimensions.
Revised:  Specifically, we describe how a generic imitation learning meta-algorithm, dataset aggregation (DAgger, [1]), to train a brain-computer interface in arbitrary dimensions.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Specifically, we adapt a generic imitation learning meta-algorithm, dataset aggregation (DAgger, [1]),  to train a  brain-computer interface in arbitrary dimensions.
Revised:  Specifically, we adapt a generic imitation learning meta-algorithm, dataset aggregation (DAgger, [1]), to train a generic brain-computer interface in arbitrary dimensions.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  By interpreting existing learning algorithms for brain-computer interfaces in this framework, we provide  analysis of regret , a standard metric of learning efficacy .
Revised:  By interpreting existing learning algorithms for brain-computer interfaces in this framework, we provide analysis of regret (an important metric of learning efficacy .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but it has not been clear how these approaches will scale to naturalistic complexity settings, such as controlling a high degree-of-freedom robotic arm . Leveraging our proposed imitation learning interpretation, we couple parameter updating with an oracle produced by optimal controlsoftware, yielding rapid decoder learning in simulations of neuroprosthetic control of an arm .
Revised:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but the available design principles for these decoders are such that it has been impossible to scale them to naturalistic settings . Leveraging our proposed imitation learning interpretation, we couple parameter updating with an oracle produced by optimal controlsoftware, yielding rapid decoder learning in simulations of neuroprosthetic control of an arm .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but it has not been clear how these approaches will scale to naturalistic complexity settings, such as controlling a high degree-of-freedom robotic arm . Leveraging our proposed imitation learning interpretation, we couple parameter updating with an oracle produced by optimal controlsoftware, yielding rapid decoder learning in simulations of neuroprosthetic control of an arm .
Revised:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but it has not been clear how these approaches will scale to naturalistic complexity settings, such as controlling a high degree-of-freedom robotic arm . Leveraging our findings, we then offer an algorithm that combines imitation learning with optimal control, which should allow for training of arbitrary effectors for which optimal control can generate goal-oriented control. We demonstrate this novel and general BCI algorithm with simulated neuroprosthetic control of an arm .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but it has not been clear how these approaches will scale to naturalistic complexity settings, such as controlling a high degree-of-freedom robotic arm . Leveraging our proposed imitation learning interpretation, we couple parameter updating with an oracle produced by optimal controlsoftware, yielding rapid decoder learning in simulations of neuroprosthetic control of an arm .
Revised:  Existing approaches for decoder learning have been performed in the cursor control setting, but it has not been clear how these approaches will scale to naturalistic complexity settings, such as controlling a high degree-of-freedom robotic arm . Leveraging our proposed imitation learning interpretation, we couple parameter updating with an oracle produced by optimal controlsoftware, yielding rapid decoder learning in simulations of neuroprosthetic control of a 26 degree-of-freedom model of an arm, a sophisticated and realistic end effector .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We derive results pertaining to fixation probability and expected consensus time of the process, and find that the contribution of an external influence significantly dwarfs the contribution of the node-to-node interactions in terms of driving the social network to eventual consensus.
Revised:  We derive results pertaining to fixation probability and expected consensus time . We find that although including an external influence significantly dwarfs the contribution of the node-to-node interactions in terms of driving the social network to eventual consensus.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Revised:  This result suggests the potential importance of " macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Revised:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level " phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Revised:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the external influences as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Revised:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to " micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level '' local interactions, in modelling opinion dynamics .
Revised:  This result suggests the potential importance of `` macro-level '' phenomena such as the media influence as compared to the `` micro-level " local interactions .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In two experiments, we investigated how the selective attenuation of spatial frequencies in the central or the peripheral  affects eye-movement behavior during real-world scene viewing.
Revised:  In two experiments, we investigated how the selective attenuation of spatial frequencies in the central or the peripheral visual field affects eye-movement behavior during real-world scene viewing.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Compared with unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased more with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering.
Revised:  In comparison to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased more with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The effects suggest that fixation durations prolong with increasing processing difficulty as long as the available information is useful.
Revised:  These effects indicate that fixation durations prolong with increasing processing difficulty as long as the available information is useful.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The foveal and peripheral compartments of the visual field are differentially sensitive to parts of the spatial frequency spectrum.
Revised:  The foveal and peripheral regions of the visual field are differentially sensitive to parts of the spatial frequency spectrum.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The foveal and peripheral compartments of the visual field are differentially sensitive to parts of the spatial frequency spectrum.
Revised:  The foveal and peripheral compartments of the visual field are differentially sensitive to parts of the spatial-frequency spectrum.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Gaze-contingent low-pass or high-pass filters with varying filter cutoffs ( Experiment 1) or filter size (Experiment 2) were applied.
Revised:  Gaze-contingent low-pass or high-pass filters with varying filter cutoffs ( Experiment 1) or filter sizes (Experiment 2) were applied.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In comparison to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased more with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering .
Revised:  Compared to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased more with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In comparison to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased more with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering .
Revised:  In comparison to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased most with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering than with central low-pass and peripheral high-pass filtering .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Increasing filter size and filter level progressively increased fixation durations in half of the conditions, but had no effect with the other conditions .
Revised:  Increasing filter level prolonged fixation durations with low-pass filtering, but not with high-pass filtering .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:   In addition, we observed a trade-off between saccade timing and saccadic selection, since saccade amplitudes were modulated when fixation durations were unaffected by our experimental manipulations.
Revised:  In addition, we observed a trade-off between saccade timing and saccadic selection, since saccade amplitudes were modulated when fixation durations were unaffected by the experimental manipulations.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Visuo-spatial attention and gaze control depend on the interaction of foveal and peripheral processing.
Revised: Visuospatial attention and gaze control depend on the interaction of foveal and peripheral processing.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  These effects indicate that fixation durations do not always prolong with increasing processing difficulty.
Revised:  These effects indicate that fixation durations are not always longer under conditions of increased processing difficulty.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Saccade amplitudes largely adapted to processing difficulty: Amplitudes increased with central filtering and decreased with peripheral filtering;
Revised:  Saccade amplitudes largely adapted to processing difficulty: amplitudes increased with central filtering and decreased with peripheral filtering;
Edit intent: fluency
Original: The emerging software defined networking (SDN) paradigm separates the data plane from the control plane and centralizes network control in an SDN controller.
Revised: The emerging Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm separates the data plane from the control plane and centralizes network control in an SDN controller.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Optical network segments, such as passive optical networks (PONs) , have become important for providing network access.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this article, we comprehensively survey studies that examine the concepts of SDN and network virtualization in optical access networks;
Revised:  In this article, we comprehensively survey studies that examine the SDN paradigm in optical networks;
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  in brief, we survey the area of software defined optical access networks (SDOANs ).
Revised:  in brief, we survey the area of Software Defined Optical Networks (SDONs ).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In addition, we consider subclassifications for studies focused on quality of service, multilayer (multitechnology) networking, and virtualization . Based on the survey, we identify open challenges for SDOANs and outline future directions.
Revised:  In addition, we consider subclassifications for studies focused on quality of service, multilayer (multitechnology) networking, and virtualization . Based on the survey, we identify open challenges for SDONs and outline future directions.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This problem has been addressed by a competition, and associated set of benchmark instances, as a part of the MISTA 2013 conference.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Networks provide a powerful approach to study a  variety of ecological systems, but their formulation does not typically account for multiple interaction types, for interactions that vary in space and time, or for interconnected systems such as networks of species networks.
Revised: Although networks provide a powerful approach to study a variety of ecological systems, but their formulation does not typically account for multiple interaction types, for interactions that vary in space and time, or for interconnected systems such as networks of species networks.
Edit intent: coherence