wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Jan Dolfing described syntrophy as "the critical interdependency between producer and consumer".
Revised:  Jan Dolfing describes syntrophy as "the critical interdependency between producer and consumer".
Edit intent: fluency
Original: In biology, syntrophy, synthrophy, or cross-feeding (from Greek syn meaning together, trophe meaning nourishment) is the phenomenon of one species living off of the  products of another species.
Revised: In biology, syntrophy, synthrophy, or cross-feeding (from Greek syn meaning together, trophe meaning nourishment) is the phenomenon of one species living off of the metabolic products of another species.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The accumulating hydrogen inhibits the microbe's ability to continue degrading organic matter, but  syntrophic hydrogen-consuming microbes allow continued growth by metabolizing the waste products.
Revised:  The accumulating hydrogen inhibits the microbe's ability to continue degrading organic matter, but the presence of syntrophic hydrogen-consuming microbes allow continued growth by metabolizing the waste products.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In acetogenesis process , these products are oxidized to acetate and H2 by obligated proton reducing bacteria in syntrophic relationship with methanogenic archaea as low H2 partial pressure is essential for acetogenic reactions to be thermodynamically favorable (ΔG < 0).
Revised:  In acetogenesis processes , these products are oxidized to acetate and H2 by obligated proton reducing bacteria in syntrophic relationship with methanogenic archaea as low H2 partial pressure is essential for acetogenic reactions to be thermodynamically favorable (ΔG < 0).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Another example is the many organisms that feed on faeces or dung.
Revised:  Another example is the many organisms that feed on feces or dung.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Leaves typically last one year and are then replaced by new ones.
Revised:  Leaves typically last a year and are then replaced by new ones.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Alkanes are hydrocarbon chains that are the major chemical component of crude oils, and have been experimentally verified to be broken down by syntrophic microbial food webs.
Revised:  Alkanes are hydrocarbon chains that are the major chemical component of crude oils, and have been broken down experimentally by syntrophic microbial food webs.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  These intermediates can then be taken up and metabolized syntrophically by methanogens to make the whole process more thermodynamically favourable .
Revised:  These intermediates can then be taken up and metabolized syntrophically by methanogens to make the whole process more thermodynamically favorable .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Metabolic mechanism The main motive behind a syntrophic relation between two bacterial organisms is generalized as a relationship where each participant's metabolic activity cannot independently overcome the thermodynamic pressure of the reaction under standard conditions even when a cosubstrate or nutrient is added into the environment.
Revised: Metabolic mechanism The main reason behind a syntrophic relation between two bacterial organisms is generalized as a relationship where each participant's metabolic activity cannot independently overcome the thermodynamic pressure of the reaction under standard conditions even when a cosubstrate or nutrient is added into the environment.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Metabolic mechanism The main motive behind a syntrophic relation between two bacterial organisms is generalized as a relationship where each participant's metabolic activity cannot independently overcome the thermodynamic pressure of the reaction under standard conditions even when a cosubstrate or nutrient is added into the environment.
Revised: Metabolic mechanism The main motive behind a syntrophic relationship between two bacterial organisms is generalized as a relationship where each participant's metabolic activity cannot independently overcome the thermodynamic pressure of the reaction under standard conditions even when a cosubstrate or nutrient is added into the environment.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The Methanobacillus omelianskii culture is a classic example in demonstrating how two separate unfavourable reactions can be carried out by syntrophic interactions.
Revised:  The Methanobacillus omelianskii culture is a classic example in demonstrating how two separate , unfavorable reactions can be carried out by syntrophic interactions.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: In biology, syntrophy, synthrophy, or cross-feeding (from Greek syn meaning together, trophe meaning nourishment) is the phenomenon of one species living off of the metabolic products of another species.
Revised: In biology, syntrophy, synthrophy, or cross-feeding (from Greek syn meaning together, trophe meaning nourishment) is the phenomenon of one species living off the metabolic products of another species.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Howard Schwartz, The Rise and Fall of Philanthropy in East Africa: The Asian Contribution, Routledge, 5 Jul 2017 On the death of his patron Sewa Hajji Paroo in 1897 he extended the caravan trade to Uganda and became known as the King of Ivory.
Revised: Howard Schwartz, The Rise and Fall of Philanthropy in East Africa: The Asian Contribution, Routledge, 5 Jul 2017 On the death Sewa Hajji Paroo in 1897 he extended the caravan trade to Uganda and became known as the King of Ivory.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  He migrated penniless to Zanzibar at the age 12, and found work with a prominent local trader, Sewa Hajji Paroo, one of the caravan trade's most active financiers.
Revised:  He migrated penniless to Zanzibar at the age 12, and found work with a prominent local trader, Sewa Haji Paroo, one of the caravan trade's most active financiers.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  He is regarded as the first person to open up a shop in kampala (current capital of Uganda).
Revised:  He is regarded as the first person to open up a shop in Kampala (current capital of Uganda).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  left his body carrying some military URL Mohamed Mechkarini had joined a group of Algerian soldiers in the garrison of Miliana,
Revised:  left his body carrying some military effects. Mohamed Mechkarini had joined a group of Algerian soldiers in the garrison of Miliana,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  to operate a massive desertion of the ranks of the French army to begin the preparation for a rebellion independence in URL Mechkarini followed in his journey the epic of the resistants Mohand Saïd Abdoun and URL Volunteered in 1914,
Revised:  to operate a massive desertion of the ranks of the French army to begin the preparation for a rebellion independence in URL Mechkarini followed in his journey the epic of the resistants Mohand Saïd Abdoun and . Volunteered in 1914,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  where it was URL Mohamed Mechkarini,
Revised:  where it was noted. Mohamed Mechkarini,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  URL He confessed to the facts after initially indicating that he had been injured during of a patrol and taken URL The war council of Algiers,
Revised:  1915. He confessed to the facts after initially indicating that he had been injured during of a patrol and taken URL The war council of Algiers,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  URL He confessed to the facts after initially indicating that he had been injured during of a patrol and taken URL The war council of Algiers,
Revised:  URL He confessed to the facts after initially indicating that he had been injured during of a patrol and taken prisoner. The war council of Algiers,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  charged with desertion to the URL At the hearing,
Revised:  charged with desertion to the enemy. At the hearing,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  the accused made inappropriate assessments of the skirmisher URL Zemmouri was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army,
Revised:  the accused made inappropriate assessments of the skirmisher regiments. Zemmouri was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  following articles 235 to 239 relating to desertion abroad and desertion to the URL The Algiers Military Council sentenced him to URL During the meeting,
Revised:  following articles 235 to 239 relating to desertion abroad and desertion to the enemy. The Algiers Military Council sentenced him to URL During the meeting,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  following articles 235 to 239 relating to desertion abroad and desertion to the URL The Algiers Military Council sentenced him to URL During the meeting,
Revised:  following articles 235 to 239 relating to desertion abroad and desertion to the URL The Algiers Military Council sentenced him to death. During the meeting,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Captain Boutet was the government commissioner, while the defense of Zemmouri was provided by the lawyer Emile URL Arrest After rolling his hump everywhere, Mohamed Mechkarini was arrested January 6, 1929 by the gendarmerie of URL He was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army, following articles 231 to 234 on desertion within the URL In court, Mechkarini says he deserted not for fear of fighting, but as a result of ill-treatment of one of his URL
Revised:  Captain Boutet was the government commissioner, while the defense of Zemmouri was provided by the lawyer Emile URL Arrest After rolling his hump everywhere, Mohamed Mechkarini was arrested January 6, 1929 by the gendarmerie of URL He was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army, following articles 231 to 234 on desertion within the country. In court, Mechkarini says he deserted not for fear of fighting, but as a result of ill-treatment of one of his URL
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Captain Boutet was the government commissioner, while the defense of Zemmouri was provided by the lawyer Emile URL Arrest After rolling his hump everywhere, Mohamed Mechkarini was arrested January 6, 1929 by the gendarmerie of URL He was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army, following articles 231 to 234 on desertion within the URL In court, Mechkarini says he deserted not for fear of fighting, but as a result of ill-treatment of one of his URL
Revised:  Captain Boutet was the government commissioner, while the defense of Zemmouri was provided by the lawyer Emile URL Arrest After rolling his hump everywhere, Mohamed Mechkarini was arrested January 6, 1929 by the gendarmerie of URL He was tried according to the Code of Military Justice for the Army, following articles 231 to 234 on desertion within the URL In court, Mechkarini says he deserted not for fear of fighting, but as a result of ill-treatment of one of his sergeants.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  When an action potential invades the presynaptic membrane, these channels open and Ca2+ enters.
Revised:  When an action potential invades the presynaptic membrane, these channels open and enters.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  A higher concentration of Ca2+ enables synaptic vesicles to fuse to the presynaptic membrane and release their contents (neurotransmitters) into the synaptic cleft to ultimately contact receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.
Revised:  A higher concentration of enables synaptic vesicles to fuse to the presynaptic membrane and release their contents (neurotransmitters) into the synaptic cleft to ultimately contact receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The amount of neurotransmitter released is correlated with the amount of Ca2+ influx.
Revised:  The amount of neurotransmitter released is correlated with the amount of influx.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, short-term facilitation (STF) results from a build up of Ca2+ within the presynaptic terminal when action potentials propagate close together in time.
Revised:  Therefore, short-term facilitation (STF) results from a build up of within the presynaptic terminal when action potentials propagate close together in time.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual Ca2+ hypothesis.
Revised:  EPSC = k([ Ca2+ ]presynaptic)4 = k([ Ca2+ ]rest + [ Ca2+ ]influx + [ Ca2+ ]residual)4 Facilitation = EPSC2 / EPSC1 = (1 + [ Ca2+ ]residual / [ Ca2+ ]influx)4 - 1 Katz and Miledi proposed the residual hypothesis.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Katz and Miledi manipulated the Ca2+ concentration within the presynaptic membrane to determine whether or not residual Ca2+ remaining within the terminal after the first impulse caused an increase in neurotransmitter release following the second stimulus.
Revised:  Katz and Miledi manipulated the concentration within the presynaptic membrane to determine whether or not residual Ca2+ remaining within the terminal after the first impulse caused an increase in neurotransmitter release following the second stimulus.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Katz and Miledi manipulated the Ca2+ concentration within the presynaptic membrane to determine whether or not residual Ca2+ remaining within the terminal after the first impulse caused an increase in neurotransmitter release following the second stimulus.
Revised:  Katz and Miledi manipulated the Ca2+ concentration within the presynaptic membrane to determine whether or not residual remaining within the terminal after the first impulse caused an increase in neurotransmitter release following the second stimulus.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  During the first nerve impulse, Ca2+ concentration was either significantly below or nearing that of the second impulse.
Revised:  During the first nerve impulse, concentration was either significantly below or nearing that of the second impulse.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  When Ca2+ concentration was approaching that of the second impulse, facilitation was increased.
Revised:  When concentration was approaching that of the second impulse, facilitation was increased.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  When increasing the depolarizing stimulus from 1-2 ms, neurotransmitter release greatly increased due to accumulation of active Ca2+ .
Revised:  When increasing the depolarizing stimulus from 1-2 ms, neurotransmitter release greatly increased due to accumulation of active .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, the degree of facilitation depends on the amount of active Ca2+ , which is determined by the reduction in Ca2+ conductance over time as well as the amount of removed from axon terminals after the first stimulus.
Revised:  Therefore, the degree of facilitation depends on the amount of active , which is determined by the reduction in Ca2+ conductance over time as well as the amount of removed from axon terminals after the first stimulus.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, the degree of facilitation depends on the amount of active Ca2+ , which is determined by the reduction in Ca2+ conductance over time as well as the amount of removed from axon terminals after the first stimulus.
Revised:  Therefore, the degree of facilitation depends on the amount of active Ca2+ , which is determined by the reduction in conductance over time as well as the amount of removed from axon terminals after the first stimulus.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Facilitation is greatest when the impulses are closest together because Ca2+ conductance would not return to baseline prior to the second stimulus.
Revised:  Facilitation is greatest when the impulses are closest together because conductance would not return to baseline prior to the second stimulus.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, both Ca2+ conductance and accumulated Ca2+ would be greater for the second impulse when presented shortly after the first.
Revised:  Therefore, both conductance and accumulated Ca2+ would be greater for the second impulse when presented shortly after the first.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, both Ca2+ conductance and accumulated Ca2+ would be greater for the second impulse when presented shortly after the first.
Revised:  Therefore, both Ca2+ conductance and accumulated would be greater for the second impulse when presented shortly after the first.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In the Calyx of Held synapse, short term facilitation (STF) has been shown to result from the binding of residual Ca2+ to neuronal Ca2+ sensor 1 (NCS1).
Revised:  In the Calyx of Held synapse, short term facilitation (STF) has been shown to result from the binding of residual to neuronal sensor 1 (NCS1).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Conversely, STF has been shown to decrease when Ca2+ chelators are added to the synapse (causing chelation) which reduce residual Ca2+ .
Revised:  Conversely, STF has been shown to decrease when chelators are added to the synapse (causing chelation) which reduce residual Ca2+ .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Conversely, STF has been shown to decrease when Ca2+ chelators are added to the synapse (causing chelation) which reduce residual Ca2+ .
Revised:  Conversely, STF has been shown to decrease when Ca2+ chelators are added to the synapse (causing chelation) which reduce residual .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In the synapse between Purkinje cells, short-term facilitation has been shown to be entirely mediated by the facilitation of Ca2+ currents through the voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Revised:  In the synapse between Purkinje cells, short-term facilitation has been shown to be entirely mediated by the facilitation of currents through the voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Paired-pulse facilitation is caused by the presence of residual Ca2+ , augmentation likely arises due to increased action of the presynaptic protein munc-13, and post-tetanic potentiation is mediated by presynaptic activation of protein kinases.
Revised:  Paired-pulse facilitation is caused by the presence of residual , augmentation likely arises due to increased action of the presynaptic protein munc-13, and post-tetanic potentiation is mediated by presynaptic activation of protein kinases.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The type of synaptic enhancement seen in a given cell is also related to variant dynamics of Ca2+ removal, which is in turn dependent upon the type of stimuli;
Revised:  The type of synaptic enhancement seen in a given cell is also related to variant dynamics of removal, which is in turn dependent upon the type of stimuli;
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Neural facilitation, also known as paired pulse facilitation (PPF), is a phenomenon in neuroscience in which postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) (EPPs, EPSPs or IPSPs) evoked by an impulse are increased when that impulse closely follows a prior impulse.
Revised: Neural facilitation, also known as paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), is a phenomenon in neuroscience in which postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) (EPPs, EPSPs or IPSPs) evoked by an impulse are increased when that impulse closely follows a prior impulse.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Charles C. Price (July 13, 1913, Passaic, New Jersey- February 11, 2001, Haverford, Pennsylvania) was a chemist and president of the American Chemical Society (1965).
Revised: Charles C. Price (July 13, 1913, Passaic, New Jersey- February 11, 2001, Haverford, Pennsylvania) was an American chemist and president of the American Chemical Society (1965).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Price attended Swarthmore College, earning a B.A. in chemistry with high honors, Phi Beta Kappa in 1934.
Revised:  Price attended Swarthmore College, earning a Bachelor's degree in chemistry with high honors, Phi Beta Kappa in 1934.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  He  was captain of the varsity lacrosse team.
Revised:  He excelled in sports and was captain of the varsity lacrosse team.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Nadyr Khachiliev Nadyr Khachiliev (alternatively Nadir Khachiliev or Khachilaev  ) was a Russian  member of the  Federal Assembly.
Revised: Nadyr Khachiliev (alternatively Nadir Khachiliev or Khachilaev ) was a Russian member of the Federal Assembly.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Nadyr Khachiliev Nadyr Khachiliev (alternatively Nadir Khachiliev or Khachilaev  ) was a Russian  member of the  Federal Assembly.
Revised: Nadyr Khachiliev Nadyr Khachiliev (alternatively Nadir Khachiliev or Khachilaev ) was a Russian politician, member of the Federal Assembly.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  It requires at least an electron-volt of energy per molecule to form the species in the the absence In the absence of the ionic liquid.
Revised:  It requires at least an electron-volt of energy per molecule to form the species in the absence In the absence of the ionic liquid.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Dioxide Materials' proposed reaction pathway for CO2 electrolysis on silver in the presence (green) and absence (black) of EMIMAt this point  there is still some question about how the imidazolium is able to lower the overpotential for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide.
Revised: Dioxide Materials' proposed reaction pathway for CO2 electrolysis on silver in the presence (green) and absence (black) of EMIMAt this point , there is still some question about how the imidazolium is able to lower the overpotential for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide.
Edit intent: fluency