wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Likewise, it is used only sporadically in the biological literature, where it tends to be viewed as arcane and not very useful in practice -- even though the evidence for this is scarce .
Revised:  Likewise, it is used only sporadically in the biological literature, where it tends to be viewed as arcane .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we study mathematical properties of B_2 such as its distribution under the most common models of random trees and its range over various classes of phylogenetic networks.
Revised:  In this paper, we study mathematical properties of B_2 such as its distribution under the most common models of random trees and its extremal values over various classes of phylogenetic networks.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Exploiting the SIQR model for COVID-19, I show that the wavy infection curve in Japan is the result of fluctuation of policy on isolation measure imposed by the government and obeyed by citizens , Assuming the infection coefficient be a 2-valued function of the number of infected individuals , I show that when the removal rate of infected individuals is between these two values, the wavy infection curve is self-organized.
Revised: Exploiting the SIQR model for COVID-19, I show that the wavy infection curve in Japan is the result of fluctuation of policy on isolation measure imposed by the government and obeyed by citizens . Assuming the infection coefficient be a 2-valued function of the number of infected individuals , I show that when the removal rate of infected individuals is between these two values, the wavy infection curve is self-organized.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Exploiting the SIQR model for COVID-19, I show that the wavy infection curve in Japan is the result of fluctuation of policy on isolation measure imposed by the government and obeyed by citizens , Assuming the infection coefficient be a 2-valued function of the number of infected individuals , I show that when the removal rate of infected individuals is between these two values, the wavy infection curve is self-organized.
Revised: Exploiting the SIQR model for COVID-19, I show that the wavy infection curve in Japan is the result of fluctuation of policy on isolation measure imposed by the government and obeyed by citizens , Assuming the infection coefficient be a two-valued function of the number of infected individuals , I show that when the removal rate of infected individuals is between these two values, the wavy infection curve is self-organized.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Attempts to use neural network models for music generation have been common in recent years, and some of them have achieved good results.
Revised: Attempts to use generative models for music generation have been common in recent years, and some of them have achieved good results.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:   However, the research on the evaluation system of machine-generated music is still at a relatively early stage  .
Revised:  However, the research on the evaluation system for machine-generated music is still at a relatively early stage .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This paper proposes a stacked-LSTM binary classifier based on a language model, which can  distinguish the human composer's work from the machine-generated melody by learning the MIDI file's pitch, position, and duration.
Revised:  This paper proposes a stacked-LSTM binary classifier based on a language model, which can be used to distinguish the human composer's work from the machine-generated melody by learning the MIDI file's pitch, position, and duration.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we first provide background information on the availability of protein structure data and the significance of ProteinNet.
Revised:  In this paper, we provide background information on the availability of protein structure data and the significance of ProteinNet.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: In open-domain question answering, dense passage retrieval has become a new paradigm to retrieve relevant passages for answer finding .
Revised: In open-domain question answering, dense passage retrieval has become a new paradigm to retrieve relevant passages for finding answers .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, it is difficult to train an effective dual-encoder due to the challenges including the discrepancy between training and inference, the existence of unlabeled positives and limited training data.
Revised:  However, it is difficult to effectively train a dual-encoder due to the challenges including the discrepancy between training and inference, the existence of unlabeled positives and limited training data.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We make three major technical contributions in RocketQA, namely cross-batch negatives, denoised negative sampling and data augmentation.
Revised:  We make three major technical contributions in RocketQA, namely cross-batch negatives, denoised hard negatives and data augmentation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Extensive experiments show that RocketQA significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art models on both MSMARCO and Natural Questions.
Revised:  The experiment results show that RocketQA significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art models on both MSMARCO and Natural Questions.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In neuroscience, learning and memory are usually associated to long-term changes of connection strength between neurons .
Revised: In neuroscience, learning and memory are usually associated to long-term changes of neuronal connectivity .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this context, synaptic plasticity refers to the set of mechanisms driving the dynamics of neuronal connections, called synapses {\em  and represented by a scalar value, the synaptic weight.
Revised:  In this context, synaptic plasticity refers to the set of mechanisms driving the dynamics of neuronal connections, called {\em and represented by a scalar value, the synaptic weight.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In this article, a new, general, mathematical framework to study the phenomenon of synaptic plasticity associated to STDP rules is introduced.
Revised:  A new, general, mathematical framework to study the phenomenon of synaptic plasticity associated to STDP rules is introduced.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this article, a new, general, mathematical framework to study the phenomenon of synaptic plasticity associated to STDP rules is introduced.
Revised:  In this article, a new, general, mathematical framework is introduced to study synaptic plasticity associated to STDP rules is introduced.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  A system composed of two neuronal cells connected by a single synapse is investigated and a stochastic process describing its dynamical behavior is presented and analyzed.
Revised:  A system composed of two neurons connected by a single synapse is investigated and a stochastic process describing its dynamical behavior is presented and analyzed.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that a large number of STDP rules from neuroscience and physics applied to neural systems can be represented by this formalism.
Revised:  We show that a large number of STDP rules from neuroscience and physics can be represented by this formalism.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: With the success of Neural Architecture Search (NAS), weight sharing, as an approach to speed up architecture performance estimation has received wide attention.
Revised: Weight sharing, as an approach to speed up architecture performance estimation has received wide attention.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: We consider a railway dispatching problem: delay and conflict management on a single-track railway line.
Revised: In this work, we consider a practical railway dispatching problem: delay and conflict management on a single-track railway line.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that PBPO+ is well-suited for rewriting labeled graphs and certain classes of attributed graphs.
Revised:  In addition, we show that PBPO+ is well-suited for rewriting labeled graphs and certain classes of attributed graphs.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  For this purpose, we employ a lattice structure on the label set and use graph morphisms that respect the partial order on the labels .
Revised:  For this purpose, we employ a lattice structure on the label set and use order-preserving graph morphisms .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We argue that our approach is both simpler and more general than related  approaches in the literature .
Revised:  We argue that our approach is simpler and more general than related approaches in the literature .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our approach, called PBPO+ \pbpostrong , exerts more control over the embedding of the pattern in the host graph, which is important for a large class of graph rewrite systems.
Revised:  Our approach, called \pbpostrong , exerts more control over the embedding of the pattern in the host graph, which is important for a large class of graph rewrite systems.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In addition, we show that PBPO+ \pbpostrong is well-suited for rewriting labeled graphs and certain classes of attributed graphs.
Revised:  In addition, we show that \pbpostrong is well-suited for rewriting labeled graphs and certain classes of attributed graphs.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Prime minister Serzh Sargsyan of Armenia has won the presidential elections in his country, says a spokesperson for the voting committee.
Revised: Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan of Armenia has won the presidential elections in his country, says a spokesperson for the voting committee.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan of Armenia has won the presidential elections  in his country, says a spokesperson for the voting committee.
Revised: Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan of Armenia has won the presidential elections '' in his country, says a spokesperson for the voting committee.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  South Korea has also indicated they will use the meeting to discuss nuclear issues and the resumption of multi-party talks.
Revised:  South Korea has also indicated they can use the meeting to discuss nuclear issues and the resumption of multi-party talks.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Relations between the two countries , which are technically still at war but under a cease fire, had been warming but high level meetings were cut off when it became known South Korea had airlifted 460 North Korea refugees from Vietnam in 2004.
Revised:  Relations between the two countries had been warming but high level meetings were cut off when it became known South Korea had airlifted 460 North Korea refugees from Vietnam in 2004.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Informal connections began to resume with meetings last month to discuss how North Korea could handle an outbreak of bird flu  
Revised:  Informal connections began to resume with meetings last month to discuss how North Korea could handle an outbreak of bird flu . 
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Emily Perry,  British actress has died at the age of 100.
Revised: Emily Perry, a British actress has died at the age of 100.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  There are some 2,000 ethjnic Albanians in Istria  
Revised:  There are some 2,000 ethjnic Albanians in Istria . 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  There are some 2,000 ethjnic Albanians in Istria.
Revised:  There are some 2,000 ethnic Albanians in Istria.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: During a meeting of the Democratic Party of Serbia today , the Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica said that he will not agree to Kosovo's independence  and that the solution for Kosovo is wide autonomy.
Revised: During a meeting of the Democratic Party of Serbia today , the Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica said that he will not agree to Kosovo's independence , and that the solution for Kosovo is wide autonomy.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  After the war in 1999, Kosovo was put under UNMIK's administration, but it still officialy remains a province in Serbia.
Revised:  After the war in 1999, Kosovo was put under UNMIK's administration, but it still officially remains a province in Serbia.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  He also reaffirmed his stance on participation of Serbs in Kosovo's institutions: "For now, there is no room for Serbian representatives in institutions of Kosovo."
Revised:  Koštunica also reaffirmed his stance on participation of Serbs in Kosovo's institutions: "For now, there is no room for Serbian representatives in institutions of Kosovo."
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Dirk Jan VisserThe website of Dirk Jan Visser, a photo-reporter of Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad was attacked by rioters.
Revised: Dirk Jan Visser, a photo-reporter of Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad was attacked by rioters.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Wells Nevada in Elko County.
Revised: Wells Nevada within Elko County.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Several small earthquakes have been reported near Wells, Nevada after a large magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck the region just after 6: 00 a.m. (pacific time ).
Revised:  Several small earthquakes have been reported near Wells, Nevada after a large magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck the region at 6: 00 a.m. (pacific time ).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The 6.0 quake, centered 12 miles from wells (19 kilometers)  had a depth of 5.6 miles (9 k.m. ) and caused at least 25 buildings to collapse.
Revised:  The 6.0 quake, centered 12 miles (19 kilometers) had a depth of 5.6 miles (9 k.m. ) and caused at least 25 buildings to collapse.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The 6.0 quake, centered 12 miles from wells (19 kilometers)  had a depth of 5.6 miles (9 k.m. ) and caused at least 25 buildings to collapse.
Revised:  The 6.0 quake, centered 12 miles from wells (19 kilometers) had a depth of 5.6 miles (9 km ) and caused at least 25 buildings to collapse.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Several cars were hit by bricks as they fell of buildings.
Revised:  Several cars were hit by bricks as they fell off buildings.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: A Venezuelan plane with 46 passengers  has been reported missing in western Venezuela, officials say.
Revised: A Venezuelan plane with 46 passengers onboard has been reported missing in western Venezuela, officials say.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The Santa Barbara Airlines plane took off just before dusk from the city of Mérida en route to Simón Bolívar International Airport outside of the capital city of Caracas.
Revised:  The Santa Barbara Airlines plane took off just before dusk from the city of Mérida en route to Simón Bolívar International Airport outside the capital city of Caracas.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Noel Marquez, director of Venezuela's emergency management agency in Mérida, said that the plane has failed to failed to contact control towers.
Revised:  Noel Marquez, director of Venezuela's emergency management agency in Mérida, said the plane has failed to failed to contact control towers.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Noel Marquez, director of Venezuela's emergency management agency in Mérida, said that the plane has failed to failed to contact control towers.
Revised:  Noel Marquez, director of Venezuela's emergency management agency in Mérida, said that the plane has failed to contact control towers.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Mérida a town roughly 680 kilometers (422 miles) from Caracas is a popular tourist spot
Revised:  Mérida a town roughly 680 kilometers (422 miles) from Caracas is a popular tourist location
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Mérida a town roughly 680 kilometers (422 miles) from Caracas is a popular tourist location .
Revised: Mérida a town roughly 680 kilometers (422 miles) from Caracas is a popular tourist location 
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Onboard a military aircraft, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said that he intends to continue US troop reduction in Iraq over the next 10 months, although he and other commanders are leaning to a July pause in cuts.
Revised: Speaking aboard a military aircraft, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said that he intends to continue US troop reduction in Iraq over the next 10 months, although he and other commanders are leaning to a July pause in cuts.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Although he did not say how long a pause would be, his comments suggested that reductions could begin again before the end of the year   
Revised:  Although he did not say how long a pause would be, his comments suggested that reductions could begin again before the end of the year . 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Speaking aboard a military aircraft, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said that he intends to continue US troop reduction in Iraq over the next 10 months, although he and other commanders are leaning to a July pause in cuts.
Revised: Robert Gates Speaking aboard a military aircraft, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said that he intends to continue US troop reduction in Iraq over the next 10 months, although he and other commanders are leaning to a July pause in cuts.
Edit intent: style
Original:  Sec. Gates was en route to attend the Australia-United States Ministerial Consultations in Canberra, Australia.
Revised:  Secretary Gates was en route to attend the Australia-United States Ministerial Consultations in Canberra, Australia.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:   "I don't think there's a need to be doing any trust-building at the AUSMIN meeting tomorrow," said Australian Defence Minister Joel Fitzgibbon on Friday.
Revised:  Joel Fitzgibbon "I don't think there's a need to be doing any trust-building at the AUSMIN meeting tomorrow," said Australian Defence Minister Joel Fitzgibbon on Friday.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  "The level of trust has never been higher and I look forward to working forward together with our American friends."  "As the winter accelerates into the springtime and the summer, that's going to increase in pace, and we're hopeful that we can continue that in a measured way that enables us to turn over the bulk of the responsibility to the Iraqis, but at the same time we don't let this thing fall back down the hole again," Admiral William Fallon said.
Revised:  "The level of trust has never been higher and I look forward to working forward together with our American friends." Willam Fallon "As the winter accelerates into the springtime and the summer, that's going to increase in pace, and we're hopeful that we can continue that in a measured way that enables us to turn over the bulk of the responsibility to the Iraqis, but at the same time we don't let this thing fall back down the hole again," Admiral William Fallon said.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Fallon, the commander of United States Central Command, was speaking today in Ottowa , Canada at a defense conference.
Revised:  Fallon, the commander of United States Central Command, was speaking today in Ottawa , Canada at a defense conference.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  He made no mention of a pause    
Revised:  He made no mention of a pause . 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Later that day he killed someone with his hat, like Oddjob in Goldfinger.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TDC) will require makers of the sleeping pill, Zolpidem (marketed as Stilnox in Australia) to provide a warning about its "bizarre" and "potentially dangerous" side effects.
Revised: Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TDC) will require makers of the sleeping pill, zolpidem (marketed as Stilnox in Australia) to provide a warning about its "bizarre" and "potentially dangerous" side effects.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The NDPSC had considered changing Zolpidem from a Schedule 4 drug to a Schedule 8 drug, which would of placed it in the same category as drugs like Morphine and made it more difficult for doctors to prescribe.
Revised:  The NDPSC had considered changing zolpidem from a Schedule 4 drug to a Schedule 8 drug, which would of placed it in the same category as drugs like Morphine and made it more difficult for doctors to prescribe.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The NDPSC had considered changing Zolpidem from a Schedule 4 drug to a Schedule 8 drug, which would of placed it in the same category as drugs like Morphine and made it more difficult for doctors to prescribe.
Revised:  The NDPSC had considered changing Zolpidem from a Schedule 4 drug to a Schedule 8 drug, which would of placed it in the same category as drugs like morphine and made it more difficult for doctors to prescribe.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  A TGA spokeswoman said the Adverse Medicine Events Line had also received 19 reports of deaths, most of them suicides, where the patient had been taking Zolpidem .
Revised:  A TGA spokeswoman said the Adverse Medicine Events Line had also received 19 reports of deaths, most of them suicides, where the patient had been taking zolpidem .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The spokeswoman said coronial inquests on most of these deaths had found no link between the death and Zolpidem .
Revised:  The spokeswoman said coronial inquests on most of these deaths had found no link between the death and zolpidem .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  It will also warn patients not to mix Zolpidem with alcohol or other Central Nervous System depressants and the drug should "limit use to four weeks maximum under close medical supervision".
Revised:  It will also warn patients not to mix zolpidem with alcohol or other Central Nervous System depressants and the drug should "limit use to four weeks maximum under close medical supervision".
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Just six days before her death Ms Costigan switched to another sleeping pill ( Zopiclone ).
Revised:  Just six days before her death Ms Costigan switched to another sleeping pill ( zopiclone ).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Independent ACT politician and staunch opponent of the drug, Helen Cross said that after being prescribed Zolpidem , she became addicted to it and tried to commit suicide three times.
Revised:  Independent ACT politician and staunch opponent of the drug, Helen Cross said that after being prescribed zolpidem , she became addicted to it and tried to commit suicide three times.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The NDPSC said Zolpidem did not meet criteria to become a Schedule 8 drug because there was insufficient evidence to suggest a "substantial risk of abuse, dependence or misuse for illegal purposes".
Revised:  The NDPSC said zolpidem did not meet criteria to become a Schedule 8 drug because there was insufficient evidence to suggest a "substantial risk of abuse, dependence or misuse for illegal purposes".
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Just six days before her death Ms Costigan switched to another sleeping pill (zopiclone).
Revised:  Just six days before her death she switched to another sleeping pill (zopiclone).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  While prescription information for the drug says it can increase depression and that "suicidal tendencies may be present", Ms Cross denies having doctors who prescribed her the drug telling her these things .
Revised:  While prescription information for the drug says it can increase depression and that "suicidal tendencies may be present", Ms Cross says doctors who prescribed her the drug telling her these things .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  While prescription information for the drug says it can increase depression and that "suicidal tendencies may be present", Ms Cross denies having doctors who prescribed her the drug telling her these things .
Revised:  While prescription information for the drug says it can increase depression and that "suicidal tendencies may be present", Ms Cross denies having doctors who prescribed the drug did not warn her about these side effects .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TDC) will require makers of the sleeping pill, zolpidem (marketed as Stilnox in Australia) to provide a warning about its "bizarre" and "potentially dangerous" side effects.
Revised: Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TDC) will require makers of the sleeping pill, Zolpidem (marketed as Stilnox in Australia) to provide a warning about its "bizarre" and "potentially dangerous" side effects.
Edit intent: fluency