wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and  a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Revised:  Evolution operates on the species' density-compensation strategies, and a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and  a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Revised:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and we consider a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and  a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Revised:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and a trade-off between population growth rates at high and low resource availability is assumed .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and  a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability is assumed .
Revised:  Evolution operates on the species' density compensation strategies, and a trade-off between growth at high versus low resource availability .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We confirm previous findings that, irrespective of the particular model of density-dependence , there are many combinations of overcompensating and undercompensating density-compensation strategies that allow stable coexistence by relative nonlinearity.
Revised:  We confirm previous findings that, irrespective of the particular model of density dependence , there are many combinations of overcompensating and undercompensating density-compensation strategies that allow stable coexistence by relative nonlinearity.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, our analysis  shows that most of these strategy combinations are not evolutionarily stable and will be outcompeted by a single compensatory strategy.
Revised:  However, our analysis also shows that most of these strategy combinations are not evolutionarily stable and will be outcompeted by a single compensatory strategy.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Only very specific evolutionary trade-offs lead to evolutionarily stable coexistence by relative nonlinearity.
Revised:  Only very specific trade-offs lead to evolutionarily stable coexistence by relative nonlinearity.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be abundant in nature, we conclude that sympatric evolution of relative nonlinearity seems possible , but rather unlikely.
Revised:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be common in nature, we conclude that sympatric evolution of relative nonlinearity seems possible , but rather unlikely.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be abundant in nature, we conclude that sympatric evolution of relative nonlinearity seems possible , but rather unlikely.
Revised:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be abundant in nature, we conclude that the sympatric evolution and evolutionary stability of relative nonlinearity seems possible , but rather unlikely.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be abundant in nature, we conclude that sympatric evolution of relative nonlinearity seems possible , but rather unlikely.
Revised:  As we find no reason why these particular trade-offs should be abundant in nature, we conclude that sympatric evolution of relative nonlinearity , while possible in principle, seems rather unlikely.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We speculate that this lack of evolutionary stability may at least in part  explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field is an equally likely explanation for the current lack of empirical observations, and that our results are limited to communities with non-overlapping generations and constant resource supply. [...]
Revised:  We speculate that this may, at least in part explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field is an equally likely explanation for the current lack of empirical observations, and that our results are limited to communities with non-overlapping generations and constant resource supply. [...]
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We speculate that this lack of evolutionary stability may at least in part  explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field is an equally likely explanation for the current lack of empirical observations, and that our results are limited to communities with non-overlapping generations and constant resource supply. [...]
Revised:  We speculate that this lack of evolutionary stability may at least in part , explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field is an equally likely explanation for the current lack of empirical observations, and that our results are limited to communities with non-overlapping generations and constant resource supply. [...]
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We speculate that this lack of evolutionary stability may at least in part  explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field is an equally likely explanation for the current lack of empirical observations, and that our results are limited to communities with non-overlapping generations and constant resource supply. [...]
Revised:  We speculate that this lack of evolutionary stability may at least in part explain why empirical demonstrations of this coexistence mechanism are rare, noting, however, that the difficulty to detect relative nonlinearity in the field [...]
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Renewable and sustainable energy is one of the most important challenges currently facing mankind.
Revised: The production of renewable and sustainable energy is one of the most important challenges currently facing mankind.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Additionally, within the token system,  devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with direct transmission alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utility.
Revised:  Additionally, within the token system, self-interested devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with direct transmission alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utility.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: We consider a cellular network where the smart cellular devices owned by selfish users are incentivized to cooperate with each other by using tokens, which they exchange electronically to "buy" and "sell" downlink relay services, thereby increasing the network's capacity . Past work has focused on how a system planner can design such a token system offline to maximize the social welfare of the network .
Revised: We consider a cellular network where mobile transceiver devices that are owned by self-interested users are incentivized to cooperate with each other by using tokens, which they exchange electronically to "buy" and "sell" downlink relay services, thereby increasing the network's capacity . Past work has focused on how a system planner can design such a token system offline to maximize the social welfare of the network .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: We consider a cellular network where the smart cellular devices owned by selfish users are incentivized to cooperate with each other by using tokens, which they exchange electronically to "buy" and "sell" downlink relay services, thereby increasing the network's capacity . Past work has focused on how a system planner can design such a token system offline to maximize the social welfare of the network .
Revised: We consider a cellular network where the smart cellular devices owned by selfish users are incentivized to cooperate with each other using tokens, which they exchange electronically to "buy" and "sell" downlink relay services, thereby increasing the network's capacity . Past work has focused on how a system planner can design such a token system offline to maximize the social welfare of the network .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this report, rather than focusing on incentive design from the planner's perspective, we investigate how an individual device in the network can learn its optimal cooperation strategy online, which it uses to decide whether or not to provide downlink relay services for other devices in exchange for tokens.
Revised:  In this report, rather than focusing on incentive design from the planner's perspective, we investigate how an individual device in the network can learn its optimal cooperation policy online, which it uses to decide whether or not to provide downlink relay services for other devices in exchange for tokens.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We then systematically evaluate the best of the three algorithms in various deployment scenarios involving mixtures of high mobility and low mobility users and mixtures of devices with high and low battery capacities .
Revised:  We then systematically evaluate the learning algorithm in various deployment scenarios involving mixtures of high mobility and low mobility users and mixtures of devices with high and low battery capacities .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We then systematically evaluate the best of the three algorithms in various deployment scenarios involving mixtures of high mobility and low mobility users and mixtures of devices with high and low battery capacities .
Revised:  We then systematically evaluate the best of the three algorithms in various deployment scenarios .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Additionally, within the token system, self-interested devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with direct transmission alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utility .
Revised:  Additionally, within the token system, self-interested devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with B2D communications alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utility .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Additionally, within the token system, self-interested devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with direct transmission alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utility .
Revised:  Additionally, within the token system, self-interested devices can effectively learn to cooperate online, and achieve over 20\% higher throughput on average than with direct transmission alone, all while selfishly maximizing their own utilities .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise by taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account . Starting with a microscopic model of pedestrian movement in confined spaces , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed will depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Revised:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise when taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account . Starting with a microscopic model of pedestrian movement in confined spaces , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed will depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise by taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account . Starting with a microscopic model of pedestrian movement in confined spaces , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed will depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Revised:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise by taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed will depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise by taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account . Starting with a microscopic model of pedestrian movement in confined spaces , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed will depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Revised:  The aim of this work is to analyse the implications that arise by taking crowd behaviour explicitly into account . Starting with a microscopic model of pedestrian movement in confined spaces , we show how both the rate of infection as well as the walking speed depend on the local crowd density around an infected individual.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The combined effect is that the rate of infection at a population scale will have an analytically tractable non-linear dependency on crowd density.
Revised:  The combined effect is that the rate of infection at a population scale has an analytically tractable non-linear dependency on crowd density.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Revised:  We model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Revised:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of a hypothetical disease in a corridor and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Revised:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which highlights the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models do not produce credible results.
Revised:  As an illustrative and simple example, we will model the spread of Influenza in a simple corridor with uni-directional crowd flow and compare our new model with a state-of-the-art model, which will highlight the regime in which current models may not produce credible results.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Dimensionality-reduction methods in neuroscience can be used to estimate the stimulus features that affect a neuron's probability of spiking.
Revised: Stimulus dimensionality-reduction methods in neuroscience can be used to estimate the stimulus features that affect a neuron's probability of spiking.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Dimensionality-reduction methods in neuroscience can be used to estimate the stimulus features that affect a neuron's probability of spiking.
Revised: Dimensionality-reduction methods in neuroscience seek to identify a low-dimensional space of stimulus features that affect a neuron's probability of spiking.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here we examine the Maximally Informative Dimensions (MID) method, which selects stimulus features by empirically maximizing a quantity known as  single-spike information .
Revised:  One popular method, known as maximally informative dimensions (MID) method, which selects stimulus features by empirically maximizing a quantity known as single-spike information .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here we examine the Maximally Informative Dimensions (MID) method, which selects stimulus features by empirically maximizing a quantity known as  single-spike information .
Revised:  Here we examine the Maximally Informative Dimensions (MID) , uses an information-theoretic quantity known as single-spike information .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here we examine the Maximally Informative Dimensions (MID) method, which selects stimulus features by empirically maximizing a quantity known as  single-spike information .
Revised:  Here we examine the Maximally Informative Dimensions (MID) method, which selects stimulus features by empirically maximizing a quantity known as " single-spike information .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID is a maximum-likelihood estimator for parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for the parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) model, and that empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that the empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that empirical single-spike information corresponds to the normalized log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for  parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that  empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood per spike plus a constant .
Revised:  We show that MID corresponds exactly to the maximum-likelihood estimator for parameters of a linear-nonlinear-Poisson (LNP) response model, and that empirical single-spike information is equal to a Poisson log-likelihood under a Poisson model .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We illustrate these methods using simulated examples and neural data from primate visual cortex.
Revised:  We illustrate these methods with simulations and data from primate visual cortex.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The cost of predicting L waveform time samples for a generic parameter choice is of order m L + m c_f online operations where c_f denotes the fitting function operation count and, typically, m << L. As a proof of concept we generate accurate surrogate models for Effective One Body (EOB) waveforms of non-spinning binary black hole coalescences with  mass ratios from 1 to 2 and 9 to 10.
Revised:  The cost of predicting L waveform time samples for a generic parameter choice is of order m L + m c_f online operations where c_f denotes the fitting function operation count and, typically, m << L. We generate accurate surrogate models for Effective One Body (EOB) waveforms of non-spinning binary black hole coalescences with mass ratios from 1 to 2 and 9 to 10.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We find that these surrogates are more than three orders of magnitude faster to evaluate as compared to the cost of generating EOB waveforms in standard ways.
Revised:  We find that these surrogates are three orders of magnitude faster to evaluate as compared to the cost of generating EOB waveforms in standard ways.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For expensive numerical simulations of binary black hole coalescences we thus anticipate extremely large speedups in generating new waveforms with a surrogate.
Revised:  For expensive numerical simulations of binary black hole coalescences we thus anticipate large speedups in generating new waveforms with a surrogate.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  When seeded in a extracellular matrix, endothelial cells can form blood vessel-like structures, including vascular networks and sprouts.
Revised:  When seeded in an extracellular matrix, endothelial cells can form blood vessel-like structures, including vascular networks and sprouts.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Although various computational models have been proposed to explain the role of each of these biochemical and biomechanical effects, the  mechanisms underlying in vitro angiogenesis are still poorly understood .
Revised:  Although various computational models have been proposed to explain the role of each of these biochemical and biomechanical effects, the understanding of the mechanisms underlying in vitro angiogenesis are still poorly understood .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Although various computational models have been proposed to explain the role of each of these biochemical and biomechanical effects, the  mechanisms underlying in vitro angiogenesis are still poorly understood .
Revised:  Although various computational models have been proposed to explain the role of each of these biochemical and biomechanical effects, the mechanisms underlying in vitro angiogenesis is still incomplete .
Edit intent: clarity