wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  The non-ideal behavior interferes with the computation of the exact gradient of the model, which is required for adversarial image generation .
Revised:  The non-ideal behavior of analog computing lowers the effectiveness of adversarial attacks, in both Black-Box and White-Box attack scenarios .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In a non-adaptive attack, where the attacker is unaware of the analog hardware, we show that analog computing offers a varying degree of intrinsic robustness, with a peak adversarial accuracy improvement of 35.34\%, 22.69\%, and 31.70 \% for white box PGD ( \epsilon =1/255, iter=30) for CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet (top-5) respectively.
Revised:  In a non-adaptive attack, where the attacker is unaware of the analog hardware, we observe that analog computing offers a varying degree of intrinsic robustness, with a peak adversarial accuracy improvement of 35.34\%, 22.69\%, and 31.70 \% for white box PGD ( \epsilon =1/255, iter=30) for CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet (top-5) respectively.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In a non-adaptive attack, where the attacker is unaware of the analog hardware, we show that analog computing offers a varying degree of intrinsic robustness, with a peak adversarial accuracy improvement of 35.34\%, 22.69\%, and 31.70 \% for white box PGD ( \epsilon =1/255, iter=30) for CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet (top-5) respectively.
Revised:  In a non-adaptive attack, where the attacker is unaware of the analog hardware, we show that analog computing offers a varying degree of intrinsic robustness, with a peak adversarial accuracy improvement of 35.34\%, 22.69\%, and 31.70 \% for white box PGD ( epsilon =1/255, iter=30) for CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet (top-5) respectively.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We also demonstrate " hardware-in-loop " adaptive attacks that circumvent this robustness by utilizing the knowledge of the NVM model.
Revised:  We also demonstrate " Hardware-in-Loop " adaptive attacks that circumvent this robustness by utilizing the knowledge of the NVM model.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that explores the non-idealities of analog computing for adversarial robustness at the time of submission to NeurIPS 2020.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The models express route lengths using vehicles, customers  and dynamic scopes without the need of running an algorithm.
Revised:  The models express route lengths using vehicles, customers , and dynamic scopes without the need of running an algorithm.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  By using a kernel approach it is possible to find active subspaces in high-dimensional featurespaces . A mathematical foundation of the method is presented, with several applications to benchmark model functions, both scalar and vector-valued.
Revised:  By using a kernel approach it is possible to find active subspaces in high-dimensional feature spaces . A mathematical foundation of the method is presented, with several applications to benchmark model functions, both scalar and vector-valued.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: In this paper the dynamics of an economic system with foreign financing, of integer and fractional order are analyzed.
Revised: In this paper the dynamics of an economic system with foreign financing, of integer or fractional order, are analyzed.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The integer-order variant of the system proves to have coexisting of several combinations of  hidden attractors with self-excited attractors.
Revised:  The integer-order version of the system proves to have coexisting of several combinations of hidden attractors with self-excited attractors.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The integer-order variant of the system proves to have coexisting of several combinations of  hidden attractors with self-excited attractors.
Revised:  The integer-order variant of the system proves to have several combinations of hidden attractors with self-excited attractors.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Because one of the system variables represents the foreign capital inflow of the system , the presence of hidden attractors could be of a real interest in economic models.
Revised:  Because one of the system variables represents the foreign capital in ow , the presence of hidden attractors could be of a real interest in economic models.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The fractional-order variant presents too an interesting fractional-order coexistence of attractors in the space of the fractional order .
Revised:  The fractional-order variant presents another interesting coexistence of attractors in the space of the fractional order .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The fractional-order variant presents too an interesting fractional-order coexistence of attractors in the space of the fractional order .
Revised:  The fractional-order variant presents too an interesting fractional-order coexistence of attractors in the fractional order space .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data  predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces,  political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting  and other decision-making.
Revised:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data use it to predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces, political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting and other decision-making.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data  predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces,  political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting  and other decision-making.
Revised:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data predict user behavior for internal purposes and for their business customers (e.g., advertisers, insurers, security forces, political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting and other decision-making.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data  predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces,  political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting  and other decision-making.
Revised:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces, governments, political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting and other decision-making.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data  predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces,  political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting  and other decision-making.
Revised:  Large internet platforms that collect behavioral big data predict user behavior for internal purposes and for third parties ( advertisers, insurers, security forces, political consulting firms) who utilize the predictions for personalization, targeting , and other decision-making.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  While standard data collection and modeling efforts are directed at improving predicted values, internet platforms can minimize prediction error by "pushing" users' actions towards their predicted values  using behavior modification techniques .
Revised:  Improving predictive accuracy is therefore extremely valuable. Data science researchers design algorithms, models, and approaches to improve prediction. Prediction is also improved with larger and richer data. Beyond improving algorithms and data, platforms can stealthily achieve better prediction accuracy by "pushing" users' actions towards their predicted values using behavior modification techniques .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  While standard data collection and modeling efforts are directed at improving predicted values, internet platforms can minimize prediction error by "pushing" users' actions towards their predicted values  using behavior modification techniques .
Revised:  While standard data collection and modeling efforts are directed at improving predicted values, internet platforms can minimize prediction error by "pushing" users' behaviors towards their predicted values using behavior modification techniques .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  While standard data collection and modeling efforts are directed at improving predicted values, internet platforms can minimize prediction error by "pushing" users' actions towards their predicted values  using behavior modification techniques .
Revised:  While standard data collection and modeling efforts are directed at improving predicted values, internet platforms can minimize prediction error by "pushing" users' actions towards their predicted values , using behavior modification techniques .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Hence, platforms are strongly incentivized to " make predictions true " . This strategy is absent from the ML and statistics literature.
Revised:  Hence, platforms are strongly incentivized to " improved " . This strategy is absent from the ML and statistics literature.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Hence, platforms are strongly incentivized to " make predictions true " . This strategy is absent from the ML and statistics literature.
Revised:  Hence, platforms are strongly incentivized to " make predictions true " . This strategy is absent from the machine learning and statistics literature.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  To tackle this void, we integrate Pearl's causal do(.) operator into the predictive framework .
Revised:  To tackle this void, we integrate Pearl's causal do(.) operator into the predictive vocabulary .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our derivation elucidates the implications of such behavior modification to data scientists, platforms, their clients , and the humans whose behavior is manipulated.
Revised:  Our derivation elucidates implications of such behavior modification to data scientists, platforms, their clients , and the humans whose behavior is manipulated.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Our derivation elucidates the implications of such behavior modification to data scientists, platforms, their clients , and the humans whose behavior is manipulated.
Revised:  Our derivation elucidates the implications of such behavior modification to data scientists, platforms, their customers , and the humans whose behavior is manipulated.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  yet this apparent predictability might not generalize when clients use predictions in practice.
Revised:  yet this apparent predictability might not generalize when customers use predictions in practice.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Outcomes pushed towards their predictions can be at odds with clients ' intentions, and harmful to manipulated users.
Revised:  Outcomes pushed towards their predictions can be at odds with customers ' intentions, and harmful to manipulated users.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As a result, an more intelligent environment for privacy-friendly OSN image sharing is in demand.
Revised:  A more intelligent environment for privacy-friendly OSN image sharing is in demand.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  At each stage, we identify typical sharing-related user behaviors , the privacy issues generated by those behaviors, and review representative intelligent solutions  .
Revised:  At each stage, we identify typical sharing-related user behaviors , the privacy issues associated with these behaviors. Then a systematic review on the representative intelligent solutions .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We also discuss the challenges and future directions existing at each stage, as well as in publicly available datasets .
Revised:  We also discuss the challenges and future directions in this area .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we study the connection between the structure and properties of the so-called free association network of the English language, and the solution of psycholiguistical Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Revised: We study correlations between the structure and properties of the so-called free association network of the English language, and the solution of psycholiguistical Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we study the connection between the structure and properties of the so-called free association network of the English language, and the solution of psycholiguistical Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Revised: In this paper we study the connection between the structure and properties of a free association network of the English language, and the solution of psycholiguistical Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we study the connection between the structure and properties of the so-called free association network of the English language, and the solution of psycholiguistical Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Revised: In this paper we study the connection between the structure and properties of the so-called free association network of the English language, and solutions of psycholinguistic Remote Association Tests (RATs).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We show that average hardness of individual RATs is largely determined by the relative positions of the test words (stimuli and response) on the free association network.
Revised:  We show that average hardness of individual RATs is largely determined by relative positions of the test words (stimuli and response) on the free association network.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We show that average hardness of individual RATs is largely determined by the relative positions of the test words (stimuli and response) on the free association network.
Revised:  We show that average hardness of individual RATs is largely determined by the relative positions of test words (stimuli and response) on the free association network.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We argue that  solution of RATs can be interpreted as a first passage search problem on a free association network and study a variety of different search algorithms.
Revised:  We argue that the solution of RATs can be interpreted as a first passage search problem on a free association network and study a variety of different search algorithms.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the  directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Revised:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those that are solved in 15 seconds by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the  directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Revised:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \\%DIF > subjects) the directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the  directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Revised:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus the efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the  directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating these direct links.
Revised:  We demonstate that in easy RATs (those solved by more than 64 \% subjects in 15 seconds) there are stronglinks \\%DIF > subjects) the directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus an efficient strategy consist in activating such strong links.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In turn, the most efficient mechanism of solving medium and hard RATs consists of preferentially following what we call "moderately weak" associations.
Revised:  In turn, the most efficient mechanism of solving medium and hard RATs consists of preferentially following sequence of "moderately weak" associations.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Understanding dynamic human mobility changes and spatial interaction patterns at different geographic scales is crucial for monitoring and measuring the impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions (such as stay-at-home orders) during the  pandemic.
Revised: Understanding dynamic human mobility changes and spatial interaction patterns at different geographic scales is crucial for assessing the impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions (such as stay-at-home orders) during the pandemic.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this data descriptor, we introduce a  multiscale dynamic human mobility flow dataset across the United States, with data starting from March 1st, 2020.
Revised:  In this data descriptor, we introduce a regularly-updated multiscale dynamic human mobility flow dataset across the United States, with data starting from March 1st, 2020.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The timely generated O-D flow open data can support many other social sensing and transportation applications.
Revised:  This up-to-date O-D flow open data can support many other social sensing and transportation applications.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Since July 2019 and as the first step toward building the knowledge gap index , the Research team has developed the first complete draft of a taxonomy of knowledge gaps for the Wikimedia projects  .
Revised:  Since July 2019 and as the first step toward building the knowledge gap index , the Research team has developed the first complete draft of a taxonomy of knowledge gaps for the Wikimedia projects , as the first step towards building the knowledge gap index .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The taxonomy  you will learn more about in the rest of this work will serve as a basis to operationalize and quantify knowledge equity, one of the two 2030 strategic directions, through the knowledge gaps index.
Revised:  The taxonomy that you will learn more about in the rest of this work will serve as a basis to operationalize and quantify knowledge equity, one of the two 2030 strategic directions, through the knowledge gaps index.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The previous best known parallel predicate detection algorithm, ParallelCut, had work complexity O(m^3n^3\log mn).
Revised:  The previous best known parallel predicate detection algorithm, ParallelCut work complexity O(m^3n^3\log mn).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Furthermore, our algorithms have a space complexity of  O(mn^2) whereas ParallelCut had a space complexity of  O(m^2n^2).
Revised:  Furthermore, our algorithms have a space complexity of O(mn^2) whereas ParallelCut O(m^2n^2).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The previous best known parallel predicate detection algorithm, ParallelCut , has time complexity O(\log mn) and work complexity O(m^3n^3\log mn).
Revised:  The previous best known parallel predicate detection algorithm, ParallelCut , has time complexity O(\log mn) and work complexity O(m^3n^3\log mn).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This phenomenology is well known in physics as ``physical aging'' , but from the vantage point of RD the evolution of a class of systems of physical, biological and cultural origin is rooted in a hierarchically structured configuration space and can therefore be analyzed by similar statistical tools.
Revised:  This phenomenology is well known in physics as "physical aging" , but from the vantage point of RD the evolution of a class of systems of physical, biological and cultural origin is rooted in a hierarchically structured configuration space and can therefore be analyzed by similar statistical tools.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Noise is an inherent characteristic in many real-world problems .
Revised:  While noise is an inherent characteristic in many real-world problems .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  However , the impact of noise on shepherding is not  well-studied  .
Revised:  However , the impact of noise on shepherding is not a well-studied .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  First,  noise in the sensorial information received by the shepherd about the location of sheep.
Revised:  First, we evaluate noise in the sensorial information received by the shepherd about the location of sheep.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Second,  noise in the ability of the sheepdog to influence sheep due to disturbances caused during actuation.
Revised:  Second, we evaluate noise in the ability of the sheepdog to influence sheep due to disturbances caused during actuation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Second,  noise in the ability of the sheepdog to influence sheep due to disturbances caused during actuation.
Revised:  Second, noise in the ability of the sheepdog to influence sheep due to disturbance forces occurring during actuation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we investigate the performance of Str\"{o}mbom \textquoteright s approach under  actuation and perception noises.
Revised:  In this paper, we investigate the performance of Str\"{o}mbom ' s approach under actuation and perception noises.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this paper, we investigate the performance of Str\"{o}mbom \textquoteright s approach under  actuation and perception noises.
Revised:  In this paper, we investigate the performance of Str\"{o}mbom \textquoteright s approach under these actuation and perception noises.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Before studying the effect noise, we needed to ensure that the parameterisation of the algorithm corresponds to a stable performance for the algorithm.
Revised:  To ensure that the parameterisation of the algorithm corresponds to a stable performance for the algorithm.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Before studying the effect noise, we needed to ensure that the parameterisation of the algorithm corresponds to a stable performance for the algorithm.
Revised:  Before studying the effect noise, we needed to ensure that the parameterisation of the algorithm creates a stable performance for the algorithm.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We then systematically studies the impact of sensorial and actuation noise on performance.
Revised:  We then systematically study the impact of sensorial and actuation noise on performance.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Str\"{o}mbom \textquoteright s approach is found to be more sensitive to actuation noise than perception noise.
Revised:  Str\"{o}mbom ' s approach is found to be more sensitive to actuation noise than perception noise.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This has been a long-standing problem of music information processing and the two main components, multipitch detection and rhythm quantization , have been studied actively.
Revised:  This has been a long-standing problem of music information processing and the two main component techniques: multipitch detection and rhythm quantization , have been studied actively.
Edit intent: clarity