wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  We provide a comprehensive evaluation and ablations studies in cooperative, competitive and mixed multi-agent environments, showing that our method achieves significantly higher returns than baseline methods which do not use the learned representations.
Revised:  We provide a comprehensive evaluation and ablations studies in cooperative, competitive and mixed multi-agent environments, showing that our method achieves higher returns than baseline methods which do not use the learned representations.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent (OGDA) algorithm for saddle-point optimization has received growing attention due to its favorable last-iterate convergence.
Revised: Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent (OGDA) algorithm for saddle-point optimization have received growing attention due to its favorable last-iterate convergence.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent (OGDA) algorithm for saddle-point optimization has received growing attention due to its favorable last-iterate convergence.
Revised: Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent (OGDA) algorithm for saddle-point optimization has received growing attention due to their favorable last-iterate convergence.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, its behavior for simple two-player matrix games is still not fully understood -- previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to  exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional conditions such as uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Revised:  However, its behavior for simple two-player matrix games is still not fully understood -- previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to an exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional conditions such as uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, its behavior for simple two-player matrix games is still not fully understood -- previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to  exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional conditions such as uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Revised:  However, its behavior for simple two-player matrix games is still not fully understood -- previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional assumptions such as the uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  However, their behaviors for simple bilinear games over the probability simplex are still not fully understood -- previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to an exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional assumptions such as the uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Revised:  However, their behaviors for simple bilinear games over the probability simplex are still not fully understood - previous analysis lacks explicit convergence rates, only applies to an exponentially small learning rate, or requires additional assumptions such as the uniqueness of the optimal solution.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: This paper introduces two metrics (cycle-based and memory-based metrics), grounded on a dynamical game-theoretic solution concept called \emph{sink equilibrium , for the evaluation, ranking, and computation of policies in multi-agent learning.
Revised: This paper introduces two metrics (cycle-based and memory-based metrics), grounded on a dynamical game-theoretic solution concept called \emph{sink equilibrium , for the evaluation, ranking, and computation of policies in multi-agent learning.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Our approach can deal with dynamical cyclical behaviors (unlike approaches based on Nash equilibria and Elo ratings), and is more compatible with single-agent reinforcement learning than \alpha-rank which relies on weakly better responses.
Revised:  Our approach can deal with dynamical cyclical behaviors (unlike approaches based on Nash equilibria and Elo ratings), and is more compatible with single-agent reinforcement learning than alpha-rank which relies on weakly better responses.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Appl. Math, 70 (1), 21-48) in the form of a modified symmetric Pade approximant that incorporates this damping.
Revised:  Appl. Math, 70 (1), 21-48) in the form of a modified symmetric Pad\'e approximant that incorporates this damping.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Path planning is an important task in laser aided additive manufacturing (LAAM) .
Revised: Toolpath planning is an important task in laser aided additive manufacturing (LAAM) .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The sliced 2D layers usually need to be partitioned into sub-regions such that appropriate filling toolpaths can be designed for different sub-regions.
Revised: The sliced 2D layers into sub-regions such that appropriate filling toolpaths can be designed for different sub-regions.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: The sliced 2D layers usually need to be partitioned into sub-regions such that appropriate filling toolpaths can be designed for different sub-regions.
Revised: The sliced 2D layers usually need to be partitioned into sub-regions , and enable the design of appropriate infill toolpaths for different sub-regions.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  However, reported approaches for 2D layer segmentation generally require manual interaction that is tedious and time-consuming.
Revised:  However, reported approaches for 2D layer segmentation generally require manual operations that are tedious and time-consuming.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Specifically, the largest quasi-quadrilateral is identified and segmented from the target layer iteration by iteration . Results from case studies have validated the effectiveness and efficacy of the developed algorithm.
Revised:  Specifically, the largest quasi-quadrilateral is identified and segmented from the target layer iteratively . Results from case studies have validated the effectiveness and efficacy of the developed algorithm.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Via multi-processing, the strategy can remarkably increase the solution variety without affecting solution quality and search time, thus providing great application potential in LAAM path planning.
Revised:  Via multi-processing, the strategy can remarkably increase the solution variety without affecting solution quality and search time, thus providing great application potential in LAAM toolpath planning.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  To the best of the author's knowledge, this work is the first to address automatic 2D layer segmentation problem in LAAM process.
Revised:  To the best of the authors knowledge, this work is the first to address automatic 2D layer segmentation problem in LAAM process.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  To support the AdaSwarm, a novel Particle Swarm Optimization Exponentially weighted Momentum PSO (EM-PSO), a derivative-free optimizer, is also proposedwhich tackles constrained and unconstrained single objective optimization problems and looks at applying the proposed momentum particle swarm optimization on benchmark test functions, engineering optimization problems and habitability scores for exoplanets which show speed and convergence of the technique.
Revised:  To support the AdaSwarm, a novel Exponentially weighted Momentum PSO (EM-PSO), a derivative-free optimizer, is also proposedwhich tackles constrained and unconstrained single objective optimization problems and looks at applying the proposed momentum particle swarm optimization on benchmark test functions, engineering optimization problems and habitability scores for exoplanets which show speed and convergence of the technique.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The EM-PSO is extended by approximating the gradient of a function at any point using the parameters of the particle swarm optimization .
Revised:  The EM-PSO is extended by approximating the gradient of a function at any point using the parameters of EMPSO .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  and c) subjective and objective experiments assessing the use and relative importance of the different modalitiesin the synthesized output .
Revised:  and c) a subjective evaluation assessing the use and relative importance of the different modalitiesin the synthesized output .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  and c) subjective and objective experiments assessing the use and relative importance of the different modalitiesin the synthesized output .
Revised:  and c) subjective and objective experiments assessing the use and relative importance of the input modalities .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Bute-Plus and Bute-Plus-Plus add a heuristic presolve step , which can quickly find a treedepth decomposition of optimal depth for many instances.
Revised:  Bute-Plus and Bute-Plus-Plus add a heuristic presolve step can quickly find a treedepth decomposition of optimal depth for many instances.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Here, we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users , including 822 troll accounts .
Revised:  Here, we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  a directed graph of 9.3 million nodes and 169.9 million edges . Recently, Twitter released datasets on the misinformation campaigns of 8 , 275 state-sponsored accounts linked to Russia, Iran and Venezuela.
Revised:  a directed graph of 9.3 million nodes and 169.9 million edges , 275 state-sponsored accounts linked to Russia, Iran and Venezuela.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Using graph analysis techniques along with a game-theoretic centrality measure, we quantify the influence of all Twitter accounts (authentic users and trolls) on the overall information exchange as is defined by the retweet cascades.
Revised:  Using graph analysis techniques along with a game-theoretic centrality measure, we quantify the influence of all Twitter accounts on the overall information exchange as is defined by the retweet cascades.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Then, we provide a global influence ranking of all Twitter accounts and we find that only four troll accounts appear in the top-1000 and only one in the top-100 .
Revised:  Then, we provide a global influence ranking of all Twitter accounts and we find that one troll account appears in the top-100 and four in the top-1000 .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This along with other findings presents evidence that the authentic users were the driving force of virality and influence in the network  .
Revised:  This along with other findings presents evidence that the driving force of virality and influence in the network .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here, we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users  .
Revised:  Here, we quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here, we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users  .
Revised:  Here, we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets (by 9.9 million users .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The data collected during the US election campaign, contain original tweets from 822 troll accounts which have been identified as such , based on archive data released by Twitter related to state-sponsored trolls' campaigns.
Revised:  The data contain original tweets from 822 troll accounts which have been identified as such , based on archive data released by Twitter related to state-sponsored trolls' campaigns.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The data collected during the US election campaign, contain original tweets from 822 troll accounts which have been identified as such , based on archive data released by Twitter related to state-sponsored trolls' campaigns.
Revised:  The data collected during the US election campaign, contain original tweets from 822 troll accounts identified as such , based on archive data released by Twitter related to state-sponsored trolls' campaigns.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Then, we provide a global influence ranking of all Twitter accounts and we find that one troll account appears in the top-100 and four in the top-1000.
Revised:  We provide a global influence ranking of all Twitter accounts and we find that one troll account appears in the top-100 and four in the top-1000.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  This along with other findings presents evidence that the driving force of virality and influence in the network came from regular users - users who have not been classified as trolls by Twitter.
Revised:  This combined with other findings presents evidence that the driving force of virality and influence in the network came from regular users - users who have not been classified as trolls by Twitter.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This along with other findings presents evidence that the driving force of virality and influence in the network came from regular users - users who have not been classified as trolls by Twitter.
Revised:  This along with other findings presented in this paper constitute evidence that the driving force of virality and influence in the network came from regular users - users who have not been classified as trolls by Twitter.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This raises questions about their authenticity and practices overall, during the 2016 US presidential election.
Revised:  This raises questions about their authenticity and practices during the 2016 US presidential election.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Occupancy data are spatially referenced contaminated binary responses used to understand spatial variability in the presence or absence of a species.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Machine learning approaches have the potential to identify and model nontraditional spatial dependence, but these approaches do not account for contamination in the binary response .
Revised:  Machine learning approaches have the potential to identify and model nontraditional spatial dependence, but these approaches do not account for observer errors such as false absences .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this work, we introduce the first  practical, real-time framework for detecting aggression on Twitter via embracing the streaming machine learning paradigm.
Revised:  In this work, we introduce the first , practical, real-time framework for detecting aggression on Twitter via embracing the streaming machine learning paradigm.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The method provides a computational bridge between the physiology of a neuromodulator at the cellular level and its impact in a possibly large neuronal network .
Revised:  The method aims at relating the modulation of maximal conductance parameters in the biophysical model to the modulation of parameters in the proposed integrate-and-fire model .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  It is hypothesized that the grid cells are involved in path integral so that the agent is aware of its self-position by accumulating its self-motion.
Revised:  It is hypothesized that the grid cells are involved in path integration so that the agent is aware of its self-position by accumulating its self-motion.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The learned model is capable of near perfect path integral , and it is also capable of error correction  .
Revised:  The learned model is capable of near exact path integration , and it is also capable of error correction .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our experiments show that our model learns hexagonal grid response patterns that resemble the firing patterns observed from the grid cells in the  brain.
Revised:  Our experiments show that our model learns hexagon grid patterns which share various observed properties of the grid cells in the brain.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The purpose of this paper is to understand how the grid cells may perform path integration calculations .
Revised: Understanding how grid cells perform path integration calculations .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our numerical experiments demonstrate that our model learns hexagon grid patterns which share various observed properties of the grid cells in the rodent brain.
Revised:  Our numerical experiments demonstrate that our model learns hexagon grid patterns that share similar properties of the grid cells in the rodent brain.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Furthermore, the learned model is capable of near exact path integration.
Revised:  The learned model is capable of near exact path integration.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The other is an isotropic scaling condition that ensures locally conformal embedding, so that the error in the vector representation translates proportionally to the error in the 2D self-position.
Revised:  The other is an isotropic scaling condition that ensures locally conformal embedding, so that the error in the vector representation translates conformally to the error in the 2D self-position.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Then we investigate the simplest transformation, i.e., the linear transformation, uncover its explicit algebraic and geometric structure as matrix Lie group of rotation, and establish the connection between the isotropic scaling condition and  hexagon grid patterns of grid cells under the linear transformation .
Revised:  Then we investigate the simplest transformation, i.e., the linear transformation, uncover its explicit algebraic and geometric structure as matrix Lie group of rotation, and explore the connection between the isotropic scaling condition and hexagon grid patterns of grid cells under the linear transformation .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Then we investigate the simplest transformation, i.e., the linear transformation, uncover its explicit algebraic and geometric structure as matrix Lie group of rotation, and establish the connection between the isotropic scaling condition and  hexagon grid patterns of grid cells under the linear transformation .
Revised:  Then we investigate the simplest transformation, i.e., the linear transformation, uncover its explicit algebraic and geometric structure as matrix Lie group of rotation, and establish the connection between the isotropic scaling condition and hexagon grid patterns .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The Transformer architecture has shown its superior ability than recurrent neural networks on many different natural language processing applications.
Revised: The Transformer architecture has demonstrated a superior ability compared to recurrent neural networks on many different natural language processing applications.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The Transformer architecture has shown its superior ability than recurrent neural networks on many different natural language processing applications.
Revised: The Transformer architecture has shown its superior ability than recurrent neural networks in many different natural language processing applications.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, this study applies a modified Transformer on the speech enhancement task.
Revised:  Therefore, our study applies a modified Transformer on the speech enhancement task.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Therefore, this study applies a modified Transformer on the speech enhancement task.
Revised:  Therefore, this study applies a modified Transformer in a speech enhancement task.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Specifically, the positional encoding may not be necessary and hence is replaced by convolutional layers.
Revised:  Specifically, the positional encoding may not be necessary for speech enhancement, and hence, it is replaced by convolutional layers.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  To further improve PESQ scores of enhanced speech, the L_1 pre-trained Transformer is fine-tuned by MetricGAN framework.
Revised:  To further improve PESQ scores of enhanced speech, the L_1 pre-trained Transformer is fine-tuned using a MetricGAN framework.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The proposed MetricGAN can be treated as a general post-processing module to further boost interested objective scores .
Revised:  The proposed MetricGAN can be treated as a general post-processing module to further boost the objective scores of interest .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The experiments are conducted using the data sets provided by the organizer of the Deep Noise Suppression (DNS) challenge.
Revised:  The experiments were conducted using the data sets provided by the organizer of the Deep Noise Suppression (DNS) challenge.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline  in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Revised:  Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline  in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Revised:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperformed the challenge baseline in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline  in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Revised:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline , in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline  in both subjective and objective evaluation with a large margin.
Revised:  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the challenge baseline in both subjective and objective evaluations, with a large margin.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Although important steps have been taken to realize the advantages of such continuous formulations, most current techniques are not truly continuous-depth as they assume identical layers.
Revised:  Although important steps have been taken to realize the advantages of such continuous formulations, most current techniques are not truly continuous-depth as they assume identical layers.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: We consider the planar Euclidean two-center problem in which given n points in the plane  find two congruent disks of the smallest radius covering the points.
Revised: We consider the planar Euclidean two-center problem in which given n points in the plane we are to find two congruent disks of the smallest radius covering the points.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This improves the previous best O(n\log n\log\log n) bound by Wang for the case.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  First , making use the Schwarz ODE, we develop an analytic method to determine a conformal mapping the unit disk onto a given circular quadrilateral.
Revised:  First we develop an analytic method to determine a conformal mapping the unit disk onto a given circular quadrilateral.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We devise a numerical method to find  the accessory parameters , solve the equation and to compute the modulus of the quadrilateral.
Revised:  We devise a numerical method to find out the accessory parameters , solve the equation and to compute the modulus of the quadrilateral.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We also use another method, so called hp-FEM , for the numeric calculation of the moduli.
Revised:  We also use another method, so called hpFEM , for the numeric calculation of the moduli.
Edit intent: fluency