wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Finally, instructive insights provided by the theoretical results of the paper on the computational analysis of the model are discussed .
Revised:  Finally, using the theoretical results of the paper on the computational analysis of the model are discussed .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Finally, instructive insights provided by the theoretical results of the paper on the computational analysis of the model are discussed .
Revised:  Finally, instructive insights provided by the theoretical results of the paper on the computational analysis of the model .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the big data era, a key research topic for MOOC is how to mine the needed courses in the massive course databases in cloud for each individual (course) learner accurately and rapidly as the number of courses is increasing fleetly.
Revised:  In the big data era, a key research topic for MOOC is how to mine the needed courses in the massive course databases in cloud for each individual student accurately and rapidly as the number of courses is increasing fleetly.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In addition, our devised storage module is expanded to the distributed-connected clouds, which can handle massive course storage problems from heterogenous sources .
Revised:  In addition, our storage module is expanded to the distributed-connected clouds, which can handle massive course storage problems from heterogenous sources .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The purpose of this work is to investigate the pricing of financial options under the 2-hypergeometric stochastic volatility model.
Revised: We investigate the pricing of financial options under the 2-hypergeometric stochastic volatility model.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Their embedded digital signal processing ~ (DSP) blocks for multiply-accumulate operations enable efficient fixed-point computations, in cases where the filter structure is accurately mapped to the dedicated hardware architecture.
Revised:  Their embedded digital signal processing (DSP) blocks for multiply-accumulate operations enable efficient fixed-point computations, in cases where the filter structure is accurately mapped to the dedicated hardware architecture.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  While this is an umbrella term used to describe a wide range of muscle wasting diseases, the two types that have been most extensively mathematically modeled are Duchenne's (DMD) and Becker's (BMD), with DMD being the most common childhood form of MD. Developing mathematical models to understand and treat MD involves the integration of previously established immunological and mechanical representations of these factors that bolster disease progression .
Revised:  The progression of the disease is affected by known immunological and mechanical factors, and possibly other unknown mechanisms. These dynamics have begun to be elucidated in the last two decades .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This article reviews these mathematical models and examines key molecular and cellular perspectives to better understand MD 's pathogenesis and subsequent progression.
Revised:  This article reviews mathematical models of MD that characterize molecular and cellular perspectives to better understand MD 's pathogenesis and subsequent progression.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Molecular factors that contribute to MD include mitochondrial and genetic components ;
Revised:  Molecular factors that contribute to MD include mitochondrial bioenergetics and genetic factors ;
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Furthermore, these molecular factors leave cells vulnerable to mechanical stress which can activate an immunological cascade that can weaken cells and surrounding tissues.
Revised:  These molecular events leave cells vulnerable to mechanical stress which can activate an immunological cascade that can weaken cells and surrounding tissues.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Furthermore, these molecular factors leave cells vulnerable to mechanical stress which can activate an immunological cascade that can weaken cells and surrounding tissues.
Revised:  Furthermore, these molecular factors leave cells vulnerable to mechanical stress which can activate an immunological cascade that weakens cells and surrounding tissues.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Integrated information theory (IIT) has received considerable attention as a novel research paradigm for the study of consciousness in recent years . IIT essentially proposes that quantitative consciousness is identical to integrated information and proposed a framework for its quantification.
Revised: Integrated information theory (IIT) has established itself as one of the leading theories for the study of consciousness in recent years . IIT essentially proposes that quantitative consciousness is identical to integrated information and proposed a framework for its quantification.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Integrated information theory (IIT) has received considerable attention as a novel research paradigm for the study of consciousness in recent years . IIT essentially proposes that quantitative consciousness is identical to integrated information and proposed a framework for its quantification.
Revised: Integrated information theory (IIT) has received considerable attention as a novel research paradigm for the study of consciousness . IIT essentially proposes that quantitative consciousness is identical to integrated information and proposed a framework for its quantification.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The algorithm finds the globally optimal solution and can be executed on base stations using a limited amount of information exchange between them.
Revised:  The algorithm allows the network to achieve the globally optimal solution and can be executed on base stations using a limited amount of information exchange between them.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As a result, some nodes can be overloaded  while the resources of others are underused.
Revised:  As a result, some nodes can be overloaded while the resources of others remain underused.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Given a fixed content placement, this work proposes an efficient distributed algorithm to  balance the association of user traffic among cellular cache memories.
Revised:  Given a fixed content placement, this work proposes an efficient distributed algorithm to control and balance the association of user traffic among cellular cache memories.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Given a fixed content placement, this work proposes an efficient distributed algorithm to  balance the association of user traffic among cellular cache memories.
Revised:  Given a fixed content placement, this work proposes an efficient distributed algorithm to balance the association of cache-related traffic among cellular cache memories.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The solution guarantees the utilization of each cache in a fair way rendering all available caches useful .
Revised:  The solution limits the cache-users per node by balancing the total load among the nodes in a fair way rendering all available caches useful .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The solution guarantees the utilization of each cache in a fair way rendering all available caches useful .
Revised:  The solution guarantees the utilization of each cache in a fair way .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The routine provides a means for testing one's assumptions against a baseline without claiming authority ;
Revised:  The routine provides a means for testing one's assumptions against a baseline without claiming authority ,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Finally, we demonstrate how correlations due to recurrent connectivity impact the fidelity with which populations encode simple signals and how nonlinear dynamics impose a new effect of correlations on coding: to translate response distributions in addition to stretching them.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston  2012  claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviation from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Revised: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston ( 2012 claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviation from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston  2012  claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviation from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Revised: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston 2012 ) claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviation from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston  2012  claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviation from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Revised: McNamara, Trimmer, and Houston 2012 claim to provide an explanation of certain systematic deviations from rational behavior using a mechanism that could arise through natural selection.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  To argue convincingly that the type of mechanism proposed by McNamara et al. is adaptive , and is likely to be selected for by natural selection, one must argue that, in some sense, it is a better approach than the simple strategies that we propose.
Revised:  To argue convincingly that animals' use of state-dependent valuation is adaptive and is likely to be selected for by natural selection, one must argue that, in some sense, it is a better approach than the simple strategies that we propose.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: We provide a characterization in terms of Fatou property for weakly closed monotone sets in the space of \Pcal-quasisure bounded random variables, where \Pcal is a (possibly non-dominated) class of probability measures.
Revised: We provide a characterization in terms of Fatou closedness for weakly closed monotone sets in the space of \Pcal-quasisure bounded random variables, where \Pcal is a (possibly non-dominated) class of probability measures.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our results can be applied to obtain a topological deduction of the First Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing for discrete time processes and the robust dual representation of (quasi)convex increasing functionals .
Revised:  We illustrate the relevance of our results by applications in the field of Mathematical Finance .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We illustrate the relevance of our results by applications in the field of Mathematical Finance .
Revised:  Applications of our results by applications in the field of Mathematical Finance .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Recommender system has attracted much attention during the past decade , and many attack detection algorithms have been developed for better recommendation.
Revised: Recommender system has attracted much attention during the past decade . Many attack detection algorithms have been developed for better recommendation.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Most previous approaches focus on the shilling attacks, where the attack organizer fakes a large number of user profiles by the same strategy to promote or demote an item.
Revised:  Most previous approaches focus on the shilling attacks, where an attack organizer produces a large number of user profiles by the same strategy to promote or demote an item.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we study a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers respectively use a small number of user profiles to attack their own target items without any organizer.
Revised:  This work considers a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers respectively use a small number of user profiles to attack their own target items without any organizer.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we study a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers respectively use a small number of user profiles to attack their own target items without any organizer.
Revised:  In this paper, we study a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers individually utilize a small number of user profiles to attack their own target items without any organizer.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we study a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers respectively use a small number of user profiles to attack their own target items without any organizer.
Revised:  In this paper, we study a different attack style: unorganized malicious attacks, where attackers respectively use a small number of user profiles to attack different items without any organizer.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we formulate the unorganized malicious attacks detection as a variant of matrix completion problem, and prove that attackers can be detected theoretically.
Revised:  We first formulate the unorganized malicious attacks detection as a variant of matrix completion problem, and prove that attackers can be detected theoretically.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we formulate the unorganized malicious attacks detection as a variant of matrix completion problem, and prove that attackers can be detected theoretically.
Revised:  In this paper, we formulate the unorganized malicious attacks detection as a matrix completion problem, and prove that attackers can be detected theoretically.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We propose the Unorganized Malicious Attacks detection (UMA) algorithm, which can be viewed as a proximal alternating splitting augmented Lagrangian method.
Revised:  We propose the Unorganized Malicious Attacks detection (UMA) approach, a proximal alternating splitting augmented Lagrangian method.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We verify, both theoretically and empirically, the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm .
Revised:  We verify, both theoretically and empirically, the effectiveness of our proposed approach .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  One promising and as-yet underexplored approach lies in a subdiscipline of engineering known as network control theory.
Revised:  One promising and as-yet underexplored approach lies in a sub-discipline of engineering known as network control theory.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In this paper, we show that, for a large class of piecewise smooth functions, the number of neurons needed by a shallow network to approximate a function is exponentially larger than the corresponding number of neurons needed by a deep network for a given degree of function approximation.
Revised:  We show that, for a large class of piecewise smooth functions, the number of neurons needed by a shallow network to approximate a function is exponentially larger than the corresponding number of neurons needed by a deep network for a given degree of function approximation.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Our analysis builds on this simple observationthat the binary approximation of a real number in the interval 0,1 can be represented by a deep neural network which uses a "small" number of neurons .
Revised:  Our analysis builds on 0,1 can be represented by a deep neural network which uses a "small" number of neurons .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In particular, the available energy, the differing power consumption levels for listening, receiving, and transmitting, as well as the limited control band- width must all be considered.
Revised:  In particular, the available energy, the differing power consumption levels for listening, receiving, and transmitting, as well as the limited control bandwidth must all be considered.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We obtain the oracle throughput (i.e., maximum achievable throughput ) and use Lagrangian methods to design EconCast - a simple asynchronous distributed protocol in which nodes transition between sleep, listen, and transmit states, and dynamically change the transition rates.
Revised:  We obtain the oracle throughput (i.e., maximum throughput achieved by an oracle ) and use Lagrangian methods to design EconCast - a simple asynchronous distributed protocol in which nodes transition between sleep, listen, and transmit states, and dynamically change the transition rates.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The performance is  evaluated numerically and via extensive simulations and it is shown that EconCast outperforms prior art by 6x - 17x under realistic assumptions.
Revised:  The performance is also evaluated numerically and via extensive simulations and it is shown that EconCast outperforms prior art by 6x - 17x under realistic assumptions.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:   Finally, we implement EconCast using the TI eZ430-RF2500-SEH energy harvesting nodes and experimentally show that in realistic environments it obtains 57\% - 77\% of the analytically computed throughput.
Revised:  Finally, we implement EconCast using the TI eZ430-RF2500-SEH energy harvesting nodes and experimentally show that in realistic environments it obtains 57\% - 77\% of the achievable throughput.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Unraveling the interplay of excitation and inhibition within rhythm-generating networks remains a fundamental open issue in neuroscience.
Revised: Unraveling the interplay of excitation and inhibition within rhythm-generating networks remains a fundamental issue in neuroscience.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We use a computational model to investigate the differential roles of local and long-range inhibition in the respiratory network  .
Revised:  We use a computational model to investigate the different roles of local and long-range inhibition in the respiratory network .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Increasing inhibition within a particular microcircuit, the so-called pre-B\"otzinger complex, results in a limited number of out-of-phase neurons before rhythmicity and synchrony degenerate.
Revised:  Increasing inhibition within the microcircuit results in a limited number of out-of-phase neurons before rhythmicity and synchrony degenerate.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Thus, unstructured local inhibition within this excitatory network cannot support the generation of more than one phase.
Revised:  Thus, unstructured local inhibition is destabilizing and cannot support the generation of more than one phase.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We hypothesize that this concept applies to a variety of rhythmic behaviors that emerge from coupled microcircuits .
Revised:  We hypothesize that this concept applies to a variety of rhythmic behaviors that emerge in widespread pattern generating circuits of the nervous system .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Moreover our algorithm extends straightforwardly to approximate sampling, which shows that under Lovasz Local Lemma-like conditions it is not only possible to find a satisfying assignment, it is also possible to generate one approximately uniformly at random from the set of all satisfying assignments.
Revised:  Moreover our algorithm extends straightforwardly to approximate sampling, which shows that under Lov\'asz Local Lemma-like conditions it is not only possible to find a satisfying assignment, it is also possible to generate one approximately uniformly at random from the set of all satisfying assignments.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Bilinear models provide rich representations compared to linear models.
Revised: Bilinear models provide rich representations compared with linear models.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We propose low-rank bilinear neural networks using Hadamard product (element-wise multiplication), commonly implemented in many scientific computing frameworks .
Revised:  We propose low-rank bilinear pooling using Hadamard product (element-wise multiplication), commonly implemented in many scientific computing frameworks .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We propose low-rank bilinear neural networks using Hadamard product (element-wise multiplication), commonly implemented in many scientific computing frameworks .
Revised:  We propose low-rank bilinear neural networks using Hadamard product for an efficient attention mechanism of multimodal learning .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We develop a novel Bayesian smoothing algorithm, Bsmooth , which is simple, fast, flexible and accurate.
Revised:  We develop a novel Bayesian smoothing algorithm, Bsmooth , which is simple, fast, flexible and accurate.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  To support such queries, the  system is typically required to disambiguate parts of the user-specified query against the database, using whatever resources are intrinsically available to it (the database schema, value distributions, natural language models etc).
Revised:  To support such queries, the database system is typically required to disambiguate parts of the user-specified query against the database, using whatever resources are intrinsically available to it (the database schema, value distributions, natural language models etc).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Often, systems will also have a user-interaction log available, which can  supplement their model based on their own intrinsic resources.
Revised:  Often, systems will also have a user-interaction log available, which can serve as an extrinsic resource to supplement their model based on their own intrinsic resources.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this paper, we address such learning problems in interactive data retrieval, with specific focus on type classification for user-specified query terms.
Revised:  In this paper, we address such learning problem in interactive data retrieval, with specific focus on type classification for user-specified query terms.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: A microtubule (MT) is a tubular stiff filament formed by a hierarchical organization of tubulin proteins.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of  motor proteins.
Revised:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of motor proteins.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The simple model developed here is motivated by the MTs linked to the cell cortex by dynein motors .
Revised:  The simple model developed here is motivated by the MTs linked to the cell cortex .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We present the theory for both force-ramp and force-clamp conditions.
Revised:  We present results for the strength and lifetime of the system through the well-established force-clamp conditions.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Connectivity to multiple cells - in the mmWave andin the traditional frequencies - is considered essential for robust connectivity .
Revised:  Connectivity to multiple cells - at mmWave and/or traditional frequencies - is considered essential for robust connectivity .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Connectivity to multiple cells - in the mmWave andin the traditional frequencies - is considered essential for robust connectivity .
Revised:  Connectivity to multiple cells - in the mmWave andin the traditional frequencies - is considered essential for robust communication .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel uplink measurement system based on (i)
Revised:  To address this challenge, we implement a novel uplink measurement system based on (i)
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We argue that the proposed scheme enables fair and robust cell selection , in addition to efficient and periodical tracking of the user , in the presence of the channel variability expected at mmWaves  .
Revised:  We argue that the proposed scheme enables fair and robust cell selection , in addition to efficient and periodical tracking of the user in the presence of the channel variability expected at mmWaves .
Edit intent: fluency