wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original: Battle at Omugulugwombashe In 1966 the United Nations General Assembly revoked South Africa's mandate to govern South-West African territory and placed it under direct UN administration.
Revised: Battle at Omugulugwombashe In 1966 the United Nations General Assembly revoked South Africa's mandate to govern South West African territory and placed it under direct UN administration.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  He served three years jail time in Pretoria for his involvement   .
Revised:  He served three years jail time in Pretoria for his involvement . .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Omugulugwombashe (also: Omugulu-Gwombashe, Omugulu-gwOombashe, and Omgulumbashe, Otjiherero: giraffe leg) is a settlement in the Tsandi electoral constituency in the Omusati Region of northern Namibia.
Revised: Omugulugwombashe (also: Ongulumbashe, official: Omugulu gwOombashe; Otjiherero: giraffe leg) is a settlement in the Tsandi electoral constituency in the Omusati Region of northern Namibia.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Death 220 px|Post-shooting photograph of Clemmons with previous bullet wound visible.
Revised: Death 
Edit intent: clarity
Original: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% 2009 shooting of police officers Image:Pierce County Washington Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Lakewood Highlighted.svg|220 px|The location of Lakewood in Pierce County, Washington, where Clemmons allegedly shot four police officers.
Revised: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Image:Pierce County Washington Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Lakewood Highlighted.svg|220 px|The location of Lakewood in Pierce County, Washington, where Clemmons allegedly shot four police officers.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% 2009 shooting of police officers Image:Pierce County Washington Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Lakewood Highlighted.svg|220 px|The location of Lakewood in Pierce County, Washington, where Clemmons allegedly shot four police officers.
Revised: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% 2009 shooting of police officers 
Edit intent: clarity
Original: American mass murderers Category:American robbers Category:Deaths by firearm in Washington (state) Category:People from Parkland, Washington Category:People shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States Category:Prisoners and detainees of Arkansas Category:Mike Huckabee Category:Prisoners and detainees of Washington (state) Category:Recipients of American gubernatorial clemency Category:Self-declared messiahs Category:Hall High School (Arkansas) alum
Revised: American mass murderers Category:American robbers Category:Deaths by firearm in Washington (state) Category:People from Parkland, Washington Category:People shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States Category:Prisoners and detainees of Arkansas Category:Mike Huckabee Category:Prisoners and detainees of Washington (state) Category:Recipients of American gubernatorial clemency Category:Self-declared messiahs Category:Hall High School (Arkansas) alumni Category:Criminals from Arkans
Edit intent: style
Original:  The family also revived the praenomen from time to time, after it had fallen out of general use, as late as the first century A.D.
Revised:  The family also revived the praenomen from time to time, after it had fallen out of general use, as late as the 1st century AD
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & MythologyTitus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, book I Biographical Details Little is known of Volesus, but it is generally assumed that he was himself a Sabine, and that he came from the town of Cures.
Revised: Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology Biographical Details Little is known of Volesus, but it is generally assumed that he was himself a Sabine, and that he came from the town of Cures.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & MythologyTitus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, book I
Revised: Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Biographical Details Little is known of Volesus, but it is generally assumed that he was himself a Sabine, and that he came from the town of Cures.
Revised: Biographical details Little is known of Volesus, but it is generally assumed that he was himself a Sabine, and that he came from the town of Cures.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: 200px| VI generation Adaptive Apex Locator See also apex location An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: 200px| thumb See also apex location An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  External links Apex Locator from www.jmorita-mfg.com The use of apex locators in the diagnosis of perforations, Dr. Yosef Nahmias, Endodontic Magazine
Revised:  External links Apex Locator The use of apex locators in the diagnosis of perforations, Dr. Yosef Nahmias, Endodontic Magazine
Edit intent: coherence
Original: 200px|thumb See also apex location An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: 200px|thumb An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:   Adaptive Apex Locators Adaptive Apex Locator overcomes as the disadvantages of the popular apex locators 4th generation – low accuracy on working in wet canals, as well the disadvantages of devices V th generation – difficulty on working in dry canals and necessarily of compulsory, additional wetting.
Revised:  ..,,., Adaptive Apex Locators Adaptive Apex Locator overcomes as the disadvantages of the popular apex locators 4th generation – low accuracy on working in wet canals, as well the disadvantages of devices V th generation – difficulty on working in dry canals and necessarily of compulsory, additional wetting.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: An electroni apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: An electroni apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical foramen and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical constriction and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  According to the device, this event is signaled by a beep, a buzz, a flashing light, digital readouts, or a pointer on a dial.
Revised:  Various devices signal this event by a beep, a buzz, a flashing light, digital readouts, or a pointer on a dial.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: 200px| thumb An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical constriction and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: 200px| An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical constriction and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: 200px| thumb An electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical constriction and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Revised: 200px| thumb thumbAn electronic apex locator is an electronic device used in endodontics determine the position of the apical constriction and thus determine the length of the root canal space.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Over the fifty odd years since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed we have learned much concerning the structure and functionality of voltage gated sodium channels.
Revised: Since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed we have learned much concerning the structure and functionality of voltage gated sodium channels.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Over the fifty odd years since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed we have learned much concerning the structure and functionality of voltage gated sodium channels.
Revised: Over the fifty odd years since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed we have learned much concerning the structure and functionality of voltage-gated sodium channels.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Although the exact three dimensional structure of the sodium channel remains unknown, we have determined its composition and the functionality of individual components . Voltage gated sodium channels are large, multimeric complexes, composed of a single α subunit and one or more β subunits, an illustration of which may be observed in the adjacent image.
Revised:  Although the exact three dimensional structure of the sodium channel remains unknown, its composition and the functionality of individual components . Voltage gated sodium channels are large, multimeric complexes, composed of a single α subunit and one or more β subunits, an illustration of which may be observed in the adjacent image.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Although the exact three dimensional structure of the sodium channel remains unknown, we have determined its composition and the functionality of individual components . Voltage gated sodium channels are large, multimeric complexes, composed of a single α subunit and one or more β subunits, an illustration of which may be observed in the adjacent image.
Revised:  Although the exact three dimensional structure of the sodium channel remains unknown, we have determined its composition and the functionality of individual components have been determined. Voltage-gated sodium channels are large, multimeric complexes, composed of a single α subunit and one or more β subunits, an illustration of which may be observed in the adjacent image.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Thus, by providing a depolarizing pre-pulse before a stimulus, we increase the probability that the inactivating domains of the sodium channels have bound to their respective pores, reducing the stimulus induced sodium influx and the influence of the stimulus.
Revised:  Thus, by providing a depolarizing pre-pulse before a stimulus, there is a greater probability that the inactivating domains of the sodium channels have bound to their respective pores, reducing the stimulus induced sodium influx and the influence of the stimulus.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: A depolarizing pre-pulse (DPP) is an electrical stimulus that causes the potential difference measured across a neuronal membrane to become more positive or less negative, and precedes another electrical stimulus.
Revised: A depolarizing prepulse (DPP) is an electrical stimulus that causes the potential difference measured across a neuronal membrane to become more positive or less negative, and precedes another electrical stimulus.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The rate of change for an h gate is much slower than that of an m gate, therefore if one precedes a sub-threshold voltage stimulation with a hyperpolarizing pre-pulse , the value of h may be temporarily increased, enabling the neuron to fire an action potential.
Revised:  The rate of change for an h gate is much slower than that of an m gate, therefore if one precedes a sub-threshold voltage stimulation with a hyperpolarizing prepulse , the value of h may be temporarily increased, enabling the neuron to fire an action potential.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Vice versa, if one precedes a supra-threshold voltage stimulation with a depolarizing pre-pulse , the value of h may be temporarily reduced, enabling the inhibition of the neuron.
Revised:  Vice versa, if one precedes a supra-threshold voltage stimulation with a depolarizing prepulse , the value of h may be temporarily reduced, enabling the inhibition of the neuron.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  An illustration of how the transmembrane voltage response to a supra-threshold stimulus may differ, based upon the presence of a depolarizing pre-pulse , may be observed in the adjacent image.
Revised:  An illustration of how the transmembrane voltage response to a supra-threshold stimulus may differ, based upon the presence of a depolarizing prepulse , may be observed in the adjacent image.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, this model is useful for gaining a high level understanding of hyperpolarizing and depolarizing pre-pulses . Since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed in the 1950s, much has been learned concerning the structure and functionality of voltage-gated sodium channels.
Revised:  However, this model is useful for gaining a high level understanding of hyperpolarizing and depolarizing prepulses . Since the Hodgkin–Huxley model was first proposed in the 1950s, much has been learned concerning the structure and functionality of voltage-gated sodium channels.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Thus, by providing a depolarizing pre-pulse before a stimulus, there is a greater probability that the inactivating domains of the sodium channels have bound to their respective pores, reducing the stimulus induced sodium influx and the influence of the stimulus.
Revised:  Thus, by providing a depolarizing prepulse before a stimulus, there is a greater probability that the inactivating domains of the sodium channels have bound to their respective pores, reducing the stimulus induced sodium influx and the influence of the stimulus.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Depolarizing pre-pulse properties Depolarizing pre-pulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing pre-pulses , explored by Drs.
Revised:  Depolarizing prepulse properties Depolarizing pre-pulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing pre-pulses , explored by Drs.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Depolarizing pre-pulse properties Depolarizing pre-pulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing pre-pulses , explored by Drs.
Revised:  Depolarizing pre-pulse properties Depolarizing prepulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing pre-pulses , explored by Drs.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Depolarizing pre-pulse properties Depolarizing pre-pulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing pre-pulses , explored by Drs.
Revised:  Depolarizing pre-pulse properties Depolarizing pre-pulse applications One immediate application for depolarizing prepulses , explored by Drs.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Mean Proportions of Stimuli Perceived as Painful v. Stimulus Pre-Pulse 4 human subjects,
Revised:  Mean proportions of stimuli perceived as painful v. stimulus prepulse 4 human subjects,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  each of which had demonstrated the ability to provide reliable pain judgments in previous studies left middle finger rests on a 1 mm diameter polished stainless steel disk electrodes a single stimulus consisted of a burst of three identical pre-pulse and stim-pulse pairs,
Revised:  each of which had demonstrated the ability to provide reliable pain judgments in previous studies left middle finger rests on a 1 mm diameter polished stainless steel disk electrodes a single stimulus consisted of a burst of three identical prepulse and stim-pulse pairs,
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the pre-pulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying pre-pulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a pre-pulse was painful for about half of the time;
Revised:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the prepulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying pre-pulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a pre-pulse was painful for about half of the time;
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the pre-pulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying pre-pulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a pre-pulse was painful for about half of the time;
Revised:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the pre-pulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying prepulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a pre-pulse was painful for about half of the time;
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the pre-pulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying pre-pulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a pre-pulse was painful for about half of the time;
Revised:  presented at the beginning, middle, and end of a 1-second interval the pre-pulse and stim-pulse widths were matched at a duration of 10 milliseconds so that the thresholds would be the same for both used varying pre-pulse amplitudes of 0\%, 79\%, 63\%, 50\%, 40\%, and 32\% so as to study their influence over the pain experienced the experiments were conducted in such a way that the stimulus, without a prepulse was painful for about half of the time;
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  this was achieved by stepping the stim-pulse amplitude up and down for the next trial, based upon whether it was reported as painful Their results demonstrated that a pre-pulse before a stimulus pulse effectively reduces the probability that pain will be experienced due to electrocutaneous stimulation.
Revised:  this was achieved by stepping the stim-pulse amplitude up and down for the next trial, based upon whether it was reported as painful Their results demonstrated that a prepulse before a stimulus pulse effectively reduces the probability that pain will be experienced due to electrocutaneous stimulation.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Surprisingly enough, a pre-pulse of 32\% of the amplitude of the stimulus pulse was able to nearly half the probability of experiencing pain.
Revised:  Surprisingly enough, a prepulse of 32\% of the amplitude of the stimulus pulse was able to nearly half the probability of experiencing pain.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Therefore, in environments in which the pain threshold is difficult to discern, it may be sufficient to deliver a relatively low amplitude pre-pulse before the stimulus to achieve the desired effects.
Revised:  Therefore, in environments in which the pain threshold is difficult to discern, it may be sufficient to deliver a relatively low amplitude prepulse before the stimulus to achieve the desired effects.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In addition to inhibiting neural excitability, it has been observed that preceding an electrical stimulus with a depolarizing pre-pulse allows one to invert the current-distance relationship controlling nerve fiber recruitment, where the current-distance relationship describes how the threshold current for nerve fiber excitation is proportional to the square of the distance between the nerve fiber and the electrode.
Revised:  In addition to inhibiting neural excitability, it has been observed that preceding an electrical stimulus with a depolarizing prepulse allows one to invert the current-distance relationship controlling nerve fiber recruitment, where the current-distance relationship describes how the threshold current for nerve fiber excitation is proportional to the square of the distance between the nerve fiber and the electrode.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Therefore, if the region of influence for the depolarizing pre-pulse is less than that for the stimulus, the nerve fibers closer to the electrode will experience a greater increase in their threshold current for excitation.
Revised:  Therefore, if the region of influence for the depolarizing prepulse is less than that for the stimulus, the nerve fibers closer to the electrode will experience a greater increase in their threshold current for excitation.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Building upon this, a stimulus with two depolarizing pre-pulses , each of an amplitude slightly below the threshold current (at the time of delivery), should increase the radii of influence for nearby nerve fiber inactivation and distant nevre fiber excitation.
Revised:  Building upon this, a stimulus with two depolarizing prepulses , each of an amplitude slightly below the threshold current (at the time of delivery), should increase the radii of influence for nearby nerve fiber inactivation and distant nevre fiber excitation.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Hodgkin and Huxley performed experiments on the giant axon of the squid , and in the process developed a model (the Hodgkin–Huxley model) for sodium channel conductance.
Revised:  Hodgkin and Huxley performed experiments on the squid giant axon , and in the process developed a model (the Hodgkin–Huxley model) for sodium channel conductance.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: AllMyNotes Organizer is an outliner application for Windows, and it allows you to store all documents and notes in  single storage file.
Revised: AllMyNotes Organizer is an outliner application for Windows, and it allows you to store all documents and notes in a single storage file.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  A portable version which can be installed on a USB thumb drive , iPod, or removable hard  drive which can  used on any PC without the need to be installed is also available.
Revised:  A portable version which can be installed on a USB thumb drive , iPod, or removable hard drive which can be used on any PC without the need to be installed is also available.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Interface The interface is functional and simplistic with a skinned, multilingual interface.
Revised: Interface The interface is functional and simple with a skinned, multilingual interface.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Projecting- You may assign check boxes and priorities to all items in the hierarchy.
Revised:  Projecting - The user may assign check boxes and priorities to all items in the hierarchy.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  System tray menu- Allows you to quickly capture clipboard content (documents and pictures), and to search data stored in the application.
Revised:  System tray menu - Allows the user to quickly capture clipboard content (documents and pictures), and to search data stored in the application.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Global search- Searches in all notes.
Revised:  Global search - Searches in all notes.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Skins- Installation pack includes 16 skins.
Revised:  Skins - Installation pack includes 16 skins.
Edit intent: fluency