wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  The agent could choose to output the result (same or different) or request another pair of images to see (unsure).
Revised:  The agent could choose to output the result (same or different) or request another pair of images to verify (unsure).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  However, the value of high hit probabilities can vary across contents due to differential service requirements.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this paper, we associate each content with a utility, which is a function of the corresponding content hit rate or hit probability.
Revised:  In this paper, we associate each content with a utility, which is a function of either corresponding content hit rate or hit probability.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We find that the problem can be reformulated as a convex optimization problem if the inter-request distribution has a non-increasing hazard rate function.
Revised:  We find that the problem can be reformulated as a convex optimization problem when the inter-request distribution has a non-increasing hazard rate function.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We provide explicit optimal solutions for some inter-request distributions, and compare the solutions to the hit-rate based (HRB) and hit-probability based (HPB) problems.
Revised:  We provide explicit optimal solutions for some inter-request distributions, and compare the solutions of the hit-rate based (HRB) and hit-probability based (HPB) problems.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We also propose distributed algorithms that not only can adapt to changes in the system with limited information but also provide solutions in a decentralized way .
Revised:  We also propose decentralized algorithms that can be implemented using limited information and are guaranteed to provide optimal solutions .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We find that distributed algorithms that solve HRB are more robust than distributed HPB algorithms.
Revised:  We find that decentralized algorithms that solve HRB are more robust than distributed HPB algorithms.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We find that distributed algorithms that solve HRB are more robust than distributed HPB algorithms.
Revised:  We find that distributed algorithms that solve HRB are more robust than decentralized HPB algorithms.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Informed by these results, we further propose a lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving exact hit rates and hit probabilities , and also improves the aggregate utilities .
Revised:  Informed by these results, we further propose lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving exact hit rates and hit probabilities , and also improves the aggregate utilities .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Informed by these results, we further propose a lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving exact hit rates and hit probabilities , and also improves the aggregate utilities .
Revised:  Informed by these results, we further propose a lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving optimal hit rates and hit probabilities , and also improves the aggregate utilities .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Informed by these results, we further propose a lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving exact hit rates and hit probabilities , and also improves the aggregate utilities .
Revised:  Informed by these results, we further propose a lightweight Poisson approximate online algorithm, which is accurate and efficient in achieving exact hit rates and hit probabilities .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In this paper, we associate each content with a utility, which is a function of either  corresponding content hit rate or hit probability.
Revised:  In this paper, we associate each content with a utility, which is a function of either the corresponding content hit rate or hit probability.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We formulate a cache optimization problem to maximize the sum of utilities over all contents under stationary and ergodic request process, which is non-convex in general .
Revised:  We formulate a cache optimization problem to maximize the sum of utilities over all contents under stationary and ergodic request processes. This problem is non-convex in general .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We provide explicit optimal solutions for some inter-request distributions, and compare the solutions of the hit-rate based (HRB) and hit-probability based (HPB) problems.
Revised:  We provide explicit optimal solutions for some irt distributions, and compare the solutions of the hit-rate based (HRB) and hit-probability based (HPB) problems.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We show that an optimal scheduling algorithm for the MDP is a simple stationary switch-type .
Revised:  We show that an optimal scheduling algorithm for the MDP is a simple stationary switch type .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Age of information is a newly proposed metric that captures packet delay to end-users from an application layer perspective .
Revised: Age of information is a newly proposed metric that captures packet delay to end-users .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this context, we study an age minimisation problem over a  broadcast network to keep many users updated on timely information, where only one user can be served at a time.
Revised:  In this context, we study an age minimization problem over a broadcast network to keep many users updated on timely information, where only one user can be served at a time.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  However, the optimal scheduling algorithm is not easy to implement due to the MDP's infinite state-space . Using a sequence of finite-state approximate MDPs, we successfully develop both optimal off-line and on-line scheduling algorithms.
Revised:  However, the optimal scheduling algorithm is not easy to implement because of the MDP's infinite state-space . Using a sequence of finite-state approximate MDPs, we successfully develop both optimal off-line and on-line scheduling algorithms.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  However, the optimal scheduling algorithm is not easy to implement due to the MDP's infinite state-space . Using a sequence of finite-state approximate MDPs, we successfully develop both optimal off-line and on-line scheduling algorithms.
Revised:  However, the optimal scheduling algorithm is not easy to implement due to the MDP's infinite state space . Using a sequence of finite-state approximate MDPs, we successfully develop both optimal off-line and on-line scheduling algorithms.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We show how to rewrite queries with negation on sparse relations into equivalent conjunctive queries with not-all-equal (NAE) predicates, which are a multi-dimensional analog of disequality  .
Revised:  We show how to rewrite queries with negation on sparse relations into equivalent conjunctive queries with not-all-equal (NAE) predicates, which are a multi-dimensional analog of disequality (not-equal) .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Dataflow matrix machines  generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with  streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Revised: 1) Dataflow matrix machines generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Dataflow matrix machines  generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with  streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Revised:  Dataflow matrix machines (DMMs) generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Dataflow matrix machines  generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with  streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Revised:  Dataflow matrix machines generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with linear streams ( streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Dataflow matrix machines  generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with  streams of vectors (or other kinds of linear streams admitting a notion of linear combination of several streams)and adding a few more changes on top of that, namely arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Revised:  Dataflow matrix machines generalize neural nets by replacing streams of numbers with streams supporting linear combinations), allowing arbitrary input and output arities for activation functions, countable-sized networks with finite dynamically changeable active part capable of unbounded growth, and a very expressive self-referential mechanism.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  While recurrent neural networks are Turing-complete, they form an esoteric programming platform, not conductive for practical general-purpose programming . Dataflow matrix machines are more suitable as a general-purpose programming platform, although it remains to be seen whether this platform can be made fully competitive with more traditional programming platforms currently in use.
Revised:  2) DMMs are suitable for general-purpose programming . Dataflow matrix machines are more suitable as a general-purpose programming platform, although it remains to be seen whether this platform can be made fully competitive with more traditional programming platforms currently in use.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Importantly, the two discretizations of the Ricci curvature , Forman-Ricci and Ollivier-Ricci, were developed based on different properties of the classical smooth notion, and thus, the two notions shed light on different aspects of network structure and behavior.
Revised:  Importantly, these two discretizations of the Ricci curvature , Forman-Ricci and Ollivier-Ricci, were developed based on different properties of the classical smooth notion, and thus, the two notions shed light on different aspects of network structure and behavior.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Importantly, the two discretizations of the Ricci curvature , Forman-Ricci and Ollivier-Ricci, were developed based on different properties of the classical smooth notion, and thus, the two notions shed light on different aspects of network structure and behavior.
Revised:  Importantly, the two discretizations of the Ricci curvature were developed based on different properties of the classical smooth notion, and thus, the two notions shed light on different aspects of network structure and behavior.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Nevertheless, our extensive computational analysis in wide-range of both model and real-world networks shows that the two discretizations of Ricci curvature are statistically well correlated .
Revised:  Nevertheless, our extensive computational analysis in a wide range of both model and real-world networks shows that the two discretizations of Ricci curvature are statistically well correlated .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Besides the potential theoretical implications of these observations, the close relationship between the two discretizations has practical implications whereby Forman-Ricci curvature can be employed in place of Ollivier-Ricci curvature for faster computation in larger  networks whenever coarse analysis suffices.
Revised:  Besides the potential theoretical implications of these observations, the close relationship between the two discretizations has practical implications whereby Forman-Ricci curvature can be employed in place of Ollivier-Ricci curvature for faster computation in larger real-world networks whenever coarse analysis suffices.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The focus of the analysis is, apart from the description of the main properties of the graphs, to identify those properties that deviate from the expected values had the networks been build by randomly linking nodes with the same degree distribution.
Revised:  The focus of the properties that deviate from the expected values had the networks been build by randomly linking nodes with the same degree distribution.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This survey identifies the properties of biological networks which are not solely the result of the degree distributionof the networks , but emerge from the evolutionary pressures under which the network evolves .
Revised:  This survey identifies the properties of biological networks which are not solely the result of their degree distribution , but emerge from the evolutionary pressures under which the network evolves .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This survey identifies the properties of biological networks which are not solely the result of the degree distributionof the networks , but emerge from the evolutionary pressures under which the network evolves .
Revised:  This survey identifies the properties of biological networks which are not solely the result of the degree distributionof the networks , but emerge from yet unidentified mechanisms other than those that drive these distributions .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our self-stabilizing algorithms ensure that after the occurrence of an arbitrary combination of failures, (i) every non-faulty SDN controller can eventually reach any switch  in the network within a bounded communication delay (in the presence of a bounded number of concurrent failures) and (ii) every switch is managed by at least one non-faulty controller .
Revised:  Our self-stabilizing algorithms ensure that after the occurrence of an arbitrary combination of failures, (i) every non-faulty SDN controller can reach any switch in the network within a bounded communication delay (in the presence of a bounded number of concurrent failures) and (ii) every switch is managed by at least one non-faulty controller .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our self-stabilizing algorithms ensure that after the occurrence of an arbitrary combination of failures, (i) every non-faulty SDN controller can eventually reach any switch  in the network within a bounded communication delay (in the presence of a bounded number of concurrent failures) and (ii) every switch is managed by at least one non-faulty controller .
Revised:  Our self-stabilizing algorithms ensure that after the occurrence of an arbitrary combination of failures, (i) every non-faulty SDN controller can eventually reach any switch in the network within a bounded communication delay (in the presence of a bounded number of concurrent failures) and (ii) every switch is managed by at least one controller (as long as at least one controller is not faulty) .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Social media for news consumption is becoming popular nowadays.
Revised: Social media is becoming popular nowadays.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The low cost , easy access and rapid information dissemination of social media bring benefits for people to seek out news timely .
Revised:  The low cost , easy access , and low cost .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  However, it also causes the widespread of fake news, i.e., low-quality news pieces that are intentionally fabricated.
Revised:  However, it also enables the wide propagation of fake news, i.e., low-quality news pieces that are intentionally fabricated.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Furthermore, it is scalable to large and complex networks in large-scale environmental studies and geoscientific research .
Revised:  Furthermore, it is scalable to large and complex networks in large-scale environmental studies .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This in particular leads to a sufficient condition for the uniqueness of optimal equilibria, up to some closedness condition.
Revised:  This leads to a sufficient condition for the uniqueness of optimal equilibria, up to some closedness condition.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  To establish a mean-field approximation for the model,  the cavity method for finite systems is proposed.
Revised:  To establish a mean-field approximation for the model, we propose the cavity method for finite systems is proposed.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As a result, the former enables us to obtain an approximation formula for  any number of nodes and an arbitrary and degree distribution.
Revised:  As a result, the former enables us to obtain an approximation formula for any number of nodes and an arbitrary degree distribution.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The population consists of two strains, one  slightly faster than the other, competing under two scenarios: one in which competition is solely for resources, and one in which the slow ("cooperating") strain produces a public good  .
Revised:  The population consists of two strains, one growing slightly faster than the other, competing under two scenarios: one in which competition is solely for resources, and one in which the slow ("cooperating") strain produces a public good .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the cooperation dilemma arising in the "eco-evolutionary game" of public good production in a fluctuating environment .
Revised:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the social-dilemma-like "eco-evolutionary game" of public good production in a fluctuating environment .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the cooperation dilemma arising in the "eco-evolutionary game" of public good production in a fluctuating environment .
Revised:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the cooperation dilemma arising in the "eco-evolutionary game" characterizing the public good production in a fluctuating environment .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the cooperation dilemma arising in the "eco-evolutionary game" of public good production in a fluctuating environment .
Revised:  By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the cooperation dilemma arising in the "eco-evolutionary game" of public good production .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We determine in which conditions it is best to cooperate and produce a public good;
Revised:  We determine in what conditions it is best to cooperate and produce a public good;
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We determine in which conditions it is best to cooperate and produce a public good;
Revised:  We determine in which conditions it is best to produce a public good;
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By generalizing the linear noise approximation to populations of varying size, we also  analyze the coupled effects of demographic and environmental noise on the size distribution.
Revised:  Within a linear noise approximation to populations of varying size, we also analyze the coupled effects of demographic and environmental noise on the size distribution.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By generalizing the linear noise approximation to populations of varying size, we also  analyze the coupled effects of demographic and environmental noise on the size distribution.
Revised:  By generalizing the linear noise approximation to populations of varying size, we also accurately analyze the coupled effects of demographic and environmental noise on the size distribution.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) typically precedes Alzheimer's dementia, yet only a fraction (30\%-50\%) of MCI individuals will progress to dementia .
Revised:  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) typically precedes Alzheimer's dementia, yet only a fraction of MCI individuals will progress to dementia .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The model then recognized the same brain signature in 10 MCI individuals, out of N = 56, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Revised:  The model recognized the same brain signature in 10 MCI individuals, out of N = 56, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The model then recognized the same brain signature in 10 MCI individuals, out of N = 56, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Revised:  The model then recognized the same brain signature in MCI individuals, out of N = 56, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The model then recognized the same brain signature in 10 MCI individuals, out of N = 56, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Revised:  The model then recognized the same brain signature in 10 MCI individuals, 90\% of which progressed to dementia within three years.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  This result is a marked improvement on the state-of-the-art in prognostic precision, while the brain signature still identified 47\% of all MCI progressors (N = 19) .
Revised:  This result is a marked improvement on the state-of-the-art in prognostic precision, while the brain signature still identified 47\% of all MCI progressors .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We thus discovered a sizable MCI subpopulation with homogeneous brain abnormalities and highly predictable clinical trajectories, which may represent an excellent recruitment target for clinical trials at the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease.
Revised:  We thus discovered a sizable MCI subpopulation which represents an excellent recruitment target for clinical trials at the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  While the insertion of a MSM rate matrix into an RD framework seems formally straightforward, fundamental questions about the coupling are open: Which definition of MSM states is suitable?
Revised:  While such a coupling seems straightforward, fundamental questions about the coupling are open: Which definition of MSM states is suitable?
Edit intent: clarity