wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  In contrast, homology metagenomic studies led to a faster discovery of genes that have homologous sequences as the previously known genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of biologically active molecules.
Revised:  In contrast, homology metagenomic studies led to a fast discovery of genes that have homologous sequences as the previously known genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of biologically active molecules.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  For example, Banik et al. screened for clones containing genes associated with the synthesis of teicoplanin and vancomycin-like glycopeptide antibiotics and found two new biosynthetic gene clusters.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In addition, an in silico examination from the Global Ocean Metagenomic Survey found 20 new lantibiotic cyclases .
Revised:  In addition, an in silico examination from the Global Ocean Metagenomic Survey found 20 new lantibiotic cyclases 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  These events have an immense impact on the regulation of physiological pathways, which makes the ability to dissect and study these pathways integral to understanding the details of cellular processes.
Revised:  These events have an impact on the regulation of physiological pathways, which makes the ability to dissect and study these pathways integral to understanding the details of cellular processes.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  A recent review provides a detailed examination of the impact of newly developed chemical approaches to dissecting and studying biological systems both in vitro and in vivo.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Through the use of a number of classes of small molecule modulators of protein kinases, chemical biologists have been able to gain a better understanding of the effects of protein phosphorylation.
Revised:  Through the use of small molecule modulators of protein kinases, chemical biologists have been able to gain a better understanding of the effects of protein phosphorylation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Through the use of a number of classes of small molecule modulators of protein kinases, chemical biologists have been able to gain a better understanding of the effects of protein phosphorylation.
Revised:  Through the use of a number of classes of small molecule modulators of protein kinases, chemical biologists have gained a better understanding of the effects of protein phosphorylation.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  For example, nonselective and selective kinase inhibitors, such as a class of pyridinylimidazole compounds described by Wilson, et al., are potent inhibitors useful in the dissection of MAP kinase signaling pathways.
Revised:  For example, nonselective and selective kinase inhibitors, such as a class of pyridinylimidazole compounds are potent inhibitors useful in the dissection of MAP kinase signaling pathways.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Another class of compounds, mechanism-based inhibitors, combines detailed knowledge of the chemical mechanism of kinase action with previously utilized inhibition motifs.
Revised:  Another class of compounds, mechanism-based inhibitors, combines knowledge of the chemical mechanism of kinase action with previously utilized inhibition motifs.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Another class of compounds, mechanism-based inhibitors, combines detailed knowledge of the chemical mechanism of kinase action with previously utilized inhibition motifs.
Revised:  Another class of compounds, mechanism-based inhibitors, combines detailed knowledge of the kinase enzymology with previously utilized inhibition motifs.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, Parang, et al. describe the development of a "bisubstrate analog" that inhibits kinase action by binding both the conserved ATP binding pocket and a protein/peptide recognition site on the specific kinase.
Revised:  For example, a "bisubstrate analog" that inhibits kinase action by binding both the conserved ATP binding pocket and a protein/peptide recognition site on the specific kinase.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, Parang, et al. describe the development of a "bisubstrate analog" that inhibits kinase action by binding both the conserved ATP binding pocket and a protein/peptide recognition site on the specific kinase.
Revised:  For example, Parang, et al. describe the development of a "bisubstrate analog" inhibits kinase action by binding both the conserved ATP binding pocket and a protein/peptide recognition site on the specific kinase.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Many research groups utilized ATP analogs as a chemical probe to study kinases and identify their substrates.
Revised:  Many research groups utilized ATP analogs as chemical probes to study kinases and identify their substrates.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Historically, phosphorylation events have been studied by mutating an identified phosphorylation site (serine, threonine or tyrosine) to an amino acid, such as alanine, that cannot be phosphorylated.
Revised:  Phosphorylation events have typically been studied by mutating an identified phosphorylation site (serine, threonine or tyrosine) to an amino acid, such as alanine, that cannot be phosphorylated.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Thus, chemical biologists have developed new ways of investigating protein phosphorylation.
Revised:  Thus, chemical biologists have developed improved ways of investigating protein phosphorylation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Protein semisynthesis, or more specifically expressed protein ligation(EPL) , has proven to be successful techniques for synthetically producing proteins that contain phosphomimetic molecules at either the C- or the N-terminus .
Revised:  Expressed protein ligation , has proven to be successful techniques for synthetically producing proteins that contain phosphomimetic molecules at either the C- or the N-terminus .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Protein semisynthesis, or more specifically expressed protein ligation(EPL) , has proven to be successful techniques for synthetically producing proteins that contain phosphomimetic molecules at either the C- or the N-terminus .
Revised:  Protein semisynthesis, or more specifically expressed protein ligation(EPL) , has proven to be successful techniques for synthetically producing proteins that contain phosphomimetic molecules at either terminus .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In addition, researchers have built upon an established technique in which one can insert an unnatural amino acid into a peptide sequence by charging synthetic tRNA that recognizes a nonsense codon with an unnatural amino acid.
Revised:  In addition, researchers have used unnatural amino acid into a peptide sequence by charging synthetic tRNA that recognizes a nonsense codon with an unnatural amino acid.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, the development of peptide biosensors—peptides containing incorporated fluorophore molecules—allowed for improved temporal resolution in in vitro binding assays.
Revised:  For example, the development of peptide biosensors—peptides containing incorporated fluorophores improved temporal resolution in in vitro binding assays.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, the development of peptide biosensors—peptides containing incorporated fluorophore molecules—allowed for improved temporal resolution in in vitro binding assays.
Revised:  For example, the development of peptide biosensors—peptides containing incorporated fluorophore molecules—allowed for improved temporal resolution of in vitro binding assays.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Experimental limitations, however, prevent this technique from being effectively used in vivo.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  One of the most useful techniques to study kinase action is Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) .
Revised:  One of the most useful techniques to study kinase action is Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer |FRET .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  FRET has also been used in tandem with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) or fluorescently conjugated antibodies and flow cytometry to provide a detailed, specific, quantitative results with excellent temporal and spatial resolution .
Revised:  FRET has also been used in tandem with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) or fluorescently conjugated antibodies and flow cytometry to provide quantitative results with excellent temporal and spatial resolution .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  FRET has also been used in tandem with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) or fluorescently conjugated antibodies and flow cytometry to provide a detailed, specific, quantitative results with excellent temporal and spatial resolution .
Revised:  FRET has also been used in tandem with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) or fluorescently conjugated antibodies and flow cytometry to provide a detailed, specific, quantitative results with excellent temporal and spatial resolution 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Through the augmentation of classical biochemical methods as well as the development of new tools and techniques, chemical biologists have improved accuracy and precision in the study of protein phosphorylation .
Revised:  .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Peptides synthesis Chemical synthesis of proteins is a valuable tool in chemical biology as it allows for the introduction of non-natural amino acids as well as residue specific incorporation of "posttranslational modifications" such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, and even ubiquitination.
Revised: Peptide synthesis Chemical synthesis of proteins is a valuable tool in chemical biology as it allows for the introduction of non-natural amino acids as well as residue specific incorporation of "posttranslational modifications" such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, and even ubiquitination.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Ochirtu Khan ( d. 1676 or 1677) was a nephew of Güshi Khan and a leader of the Khoshut tribe of the Lake Zaisan area.
Revised: Ochirtu Khan ( died 1676 or 1677) was a nephew of Güshi Khan and a leader of the Khoshut tribe of the Lake Zaisan area.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  One substantive change madee by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35, making Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority  eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Revised:  One substantive change made by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35, making Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  One substantive change madee by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35, making Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority  eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Revised:  One substantive change madee by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35. This made Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  One substantive change madee by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35, making Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority  eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Revised:  One substantive change madee by the new constitution was to lower the minimum age for presidential candidates from 40 to 35, making Andry Rajoelina, who is 36 and is the President of the country's High Transitional Authority , eligible to stand in presidential elections.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The president also is the recognized leader of foreign policy and constitutes by far the single most powerful political person within the country.
Revised:  The president also is the recognized decision maker in foreign policy and constitutes by far the single most powerful political person within the country.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The president also is the recognized leader of foreign policy and constitutes by far the single most powerful political person within the country.
Revised:  The president also is the recognized leader of foreign policy and is the single most powerful political person within the country.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The president also is the recognized leader of foreign policy and constitutes by far the single most powerful political person within the country.
Revised:  The president also is the recognized leader of foreign policy and constitutes by far the single most powerful person within the country.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The parliament as a whole operates with a variety of classic parliamentary measures, such as  a vote of no confidence, that enable it to serve as a check on the power of the executive.
Revised:  The parliament as a whole operates with a variety of classic parliamentary measures, such as the possibility of a vote of no confidence, that enable it to serve as a check on the power of the executive.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Other judicial bodies include the Administrative and Financial Constitutional Court, the Appeals Courts, tribunals , and the High Court of Justice.
Revised:  Other judicial bodies include the Administrative and Financial Constitutional Court, the Appeals Courts, tribunals and the High Court of Justice.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The creation of this complex system indicates the desire of the constitutional framers for a society built upon the rule of law.
Revised:  The creation of this complex system indicates the desire of the framers of the constitution for a society built upon the rule of law.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  All resident citizens eighteen years of age or older can vote in elections, but candidates must be at least twenty-one years of age to participate .
Revised:  All resident citizens eighteen years of age or older can vote in elections, but candidates must be at least twenty-one years of age to stand as candidates .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:   References
Revised:  External links History of the Constitution of Madagascar (official site of the President of the Republic of Madagascar( Constitution of 1992, version of 2007 Constitution of 2010 References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Referendum of August 19, 1992 The Third Republic received its first expression of popular support and legitimacy on August 19, 1992, when the constitutional framework constructed by the National Conference was approved by more than 75 percent of those voting in a popular referendum (the constitution took effect on September 12).
Revised:  Constitution of the Third Republic The Third Republic received its first expression of popular support and legitimacy on August 19, 1992, when the constitutional framework constructed by the National Conference was approved by more than 75 percent of those voting in a popular referendum (the constitution took effect on September 12).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  External links History of the Constitution of Madagascar (official site of the President of the Republic of Madagascar ( Constitution of 1992, version of 2007 Constitution of 2010 References La constitution malgache en bandes dessinées -
Revised:  External links History of the Constitution of Madagascar (official site of the President of the Republic of Madagascar ) Constitution of 1992, version of 2007 Constitution of 2010 References La constitution malgache en bandes dessinées -
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  External links History of the Constitution of Madagascar (official site of the President of the Republic of Madagascar ( Constitution of 1992, version of 2007 Constitution of 2010 References La constitution malgache en bandes dessinées -
Revised:  External links History of the Constitution of Madagascar (official site of the President of the Republic of Madagascar ( Constitution of 1992, version of 2007 Constitution of 2010 La constitution malgache en bandes dessinées -
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Soa fa nisy fiara - URL (Die madagassische Verfassung als Comic - version francaise), Réalisation: KMF-CNOE NOVA STELLA en partenariat avec la Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES), Coordination: Dr. Jean-Aimé A. Raveloson, Scenario et dessins: Patoo Rabehoary, Traduction en francais: Mially Ranaivoson, Antananarivo, mai 2009
Revised:  Soa fa nisy fiara - URL (Die madagassische Verfassung als Comic - version francaise), Réalisation: KMF-CNOE References
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Both senators and deputies serve for four years.
Revised:  Both senators and deputies serve for five years.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The creation of a truly free and fair multiparty system is the centerpiece of the new constitutional order .
Revised:  The creation of a truly free and fair multiparty system is the centerpiece of the new constitutional order 
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Page 4; "New Service for Travellers." written by Liz Fowler For those undertaking particularly hazardour or dangerous journeys, DNA profiling is also offered thorugh a UK Department of Justice approved specialist DNA laboratory based at the Southern General Hospital in Glasgow.
Revised:  Page 4; "New Service for Travellers." written by Liz Fowler For those undertaking particularly hazardour or dangerous journeys, DNA profiling is also offered through a UK Department of Justice approved specialist DNA laboratory based at the Southern General Hospital in Glasgow.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Sources The Press and Journal URL Wednesday April 2  2008.
Revised: Sources The Press and Journal URL Wednesday April 2 , 2008.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Daily Record URL Wednesday April 2  2008.
Revised:  Daily Record URL Wednesday April 2 , 2008.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Courier and Advertiser URL Wednesday April 2  2008.
Revised:  Courier and Advertiser URL Wednesday April 2 , 2008.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Scottish Television (stv.tv) Evening News, April 1  2008.
Revised:  Scottish Television (stv.tv) Evening News, April 1 , 2008.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  They use a forum to log their movements and this relates back to a secure data base controlled by a 24 hour monitoring service.
Revised:  They use a forum to log their movements and this relates back to a secure data base controlled by a 24-hour monitoring service.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In the event of a member being found helpless, the 18 digit unique number (created using an algorithm) is used to inform next of kin or employers and aid in the treatment and/or repatriation of the member.
Revised:  In the event of a member being found helpless, the 18-digit unique number (created using an algorithm) is used to inform next of kin or employers and aid in the treatment and/or repatriation of the member.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Tai Telin was the mistress of Pant Pratinidhi, the Raja of Aundh.
Revised: Tai Telin was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi, the Raja of Aundh.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: 'Ramabai Telin known as Tai Telin', was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi (i.e. representative of PantPradhan Peshwa) , the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Revised: Ramabai Telin, also known as Tai Telin', was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi (i.e. representative of PantPradhan Peshwa) , the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: 'Ramabai Telin known as Tai Telin', was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi (i.e. representative of PantPradhan Peshwa) , the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Revised: 'Ramabai Telin known as Tai Telin', was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi , the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Ramabai Telin, also known as Tai Telin ' , was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi, the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Revised: Ramabai Telin, also known as Tai Telin , was the wife of Pant Pratinidhi, the Raja Magadhoji Teli of Aundh.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  References Notes Category:1812 births Category:1866 deaths Category:Afrikaner people Category:Dutch businesspeople Category:Dutch emigrants to South Africa Category:Members of the Volksraad of the Orange Free State Category: People from Amsterdam
Revised:  References Notes Category:1812 births Category:1866 deaths Category:Afrikaner people Category:Dutch businesspeople Category:Dutch emigrants to South Africa Category:Members of the Volksraad of the Orange Free State Category: Businesspeople from Amsterdam
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Marriage registration of J.H. Smellekamp and H.S. Wilvinger Smellekamp had three daughters and a son.
Revised:  Smellekamp had three daughters and a son.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: The Villagómez family is a Mixtec noble family, who were among the largest landowners in New Spain and later Mexico.
Revised: The Villagómez family is a Mixtec noble family, who were among the largest landowners in New Spain , later Mexico.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  General Hideki Tojo of Japan stated in his speech: "It is an incontrovertible fact that the nations of Greater East Asia are bound in every respect by ties of an inseparable relationship".
Revised:  Prime Minister Tōjō of Japan stated in his speech: "It is an incontrovertible fact that the nations of Greater East Asia are bound in every respect by ties of an inseparable relationship".
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As Japan had about two million soldiers fighting in China, making it by far the largest theatre of operations for Japan, by 1943 the Tojo cabinet had decided to make peace with China to focus on fighting the Americans.
Revised:  As Japan had about two million soldiers fighting in China, making it by far the largest theatre of operations for Japan, by 1943 the Tōjō cabinet had decided to make peace with China to focus on fighting the Americans.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The idea of peace with China had first been raised in early 1943, but Prime Minister Tojo had encountered fierce resistance with the Japanese elite to giving up any of the Japanese "rights and interests" in China, which were the only conceivable basis for making peace with China.
Revised:  The idea of peace with China had first been raised in early 1943, but Prime Minister Tōjō had encountered fierce resistance with the Japanese elite to giving up any of the Japanese "rights and interests" in China, which were the only conceivable basis for making peace with China.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The Shōwa Emperor thought this treaty so significant that he had his younger brother Prince Mikasa signed the treaty in Nanking on his behalf.
Revised:  Emperor Hirohito thought this treaty so significant that he had his younger brother Prince Mikasa signed the treaty in Nanking on his behalf.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Background Ever since the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, nationalists in the Asian nations ruled by the "white powers" such as India, Vietnam, etc. and those that chafed at "unequal treaties"  like China had always looked to Japan as a role model, an Asian nation that had modernized and defeated the European nation, Russia  .
Revised: Background Ever since the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, people in the Asian nations ruled by the "white powers" such as India, Vietnam, etc. and those that chafed at "unequal treaties" like China had always looked to Japan as a role model, an Asian nation that had modernized and defeated the European nation, Russia .
Edit intent: clarity