wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Charles d'Eslon , "a disciple of the [eminent French] surgeon J.L. Petit",Crabtree (1993), p.16. was a docteur-régent of the Paris Faculty of Medicine, and the one-time personal physician to the King's brother, Charles Philippe, Comte d’Artoir -- who, later (following the Bourbon Restoration in France) became King Charles X.
Revised:  Charles d'Eslon , "a disciple of the [eminent French] surgeon J.L. Petit",Crabtree (1993), p.16. was a docteur-régent of the Paris Faculty of Medicine, and the one-time personal physician to the King's brother, Charles Philippe, Comte d’Artoir – who, later (following the Bourbon Restoration in France) became King Charles X.
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Original:  and, so, in these cases, "facts" and "experience" are "our only guides" -- and, in a similar fashion, asserts d'Eslon, "in relation to Animal Magnetism, it is the same, I don't know how it works, but I do know that it does work".
Revised:  and, so, in these cases, "facts" and "experience" are "our only guides" – and, in a similar fashion, asserts d'Eslon, "in relation to Animal Magnetism, it is the same, I don't know how it works, but I do know that it does work".
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Original:  Ostracism On 7 October 1780 -- still associated with Mesmer and still a member of the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- d'Eslon made an official request "that an investigation of the authenticity and efficacy of Mesmer's claims and cures be made.
Revised:  Ostracism On 7 October 1780 – still associated with Mesmer and still a member of the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- d'Eslon made an official request "that an investigation of the authenticity and efficacy of Mesmer's claims and cures be made.
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Original:  Ostracism On 7 October 1780 -- still associated with Mesmer and still a member of the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- d'Eslon made an official request "that an investigation of the authenticity and efficacy of Mesmer's claims and cures be made.
Revised:  Ostracism On 7 October 1780 -- still associated with Mesmer and still a member of the Paris Faculty of Medicine – d'Eslon made an official request "that an investigation of the authenticity and efficacy of Mesmer's claims and cures be made.
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Original:  Following his break with Mesmer, d’Eslon not only launched his own clinical operation -- on his break with Mesmer, d'Eslon took all of the patients he had brought to Mesmer with himPattie (1994, p.131) estimated that there were something like 60 of these patients who left Mesmer and went with d'Eslon. -- but also began teaching his own theories and practices (i.e., rather than those of Mesmer).
Revised:  Following his break with Mesmer, d’Eslon not only launched his own clinical operation – on his break with Mesmer, d'Eslon took all of the patients he had brought to Mesmer with himPattie (1994, p.131) estimated that there were something like 60 of these patients who left Mesmer and went with d'Eslon. -- but also began teaching his own theories and practices (i.e., rather than those of Mesmer).
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Original:  Following his break with Mesmer, d’Eslon not only launched his own clinical operation -- on his break with Mesmer, d'Eslon took all of the patients he had brought to Mesmer with himPattie (1994, p.131) estimated that there were something like 60 of these patients who left Mesmer and went with d'Eslon. -- but also began teaching his own theories and practices (i.e., rather than those of Mesmer).
Revised:  Following his break with Mesmer, d’Eslon not only launched his own clinical operation -- on his break with Mesmer, d'Eslon took all of the patients he had brought to Mesmer with himPattie (1994, p.131) estimated that there were something like 60 of these patients who left Mesmer and went with d'Eslon. – but also began teaching his own theories and practices (i.e., rather than those of Mesmer).
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Original:  It was under these circumstances that a decision was made to investigate the work of d'Eslon -- although he was already ostracized from the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- when "d’Eslon, through influential friends, and tact, and other favourable circumstances, procured [the commissions'] establishment [specifically] to investigate animal magnetism as practised in his own clinic" (Gauld, 1992, p.7, emphasis added)."
Revised:  It was under these circumstances that a decision was made to investigate the work of d'Eslon – although he was already ostracized from the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- when "d’Eslon, through influential friends, and tact, and other favourable circumstances, procured [the commissions'] establishment [specifically] to investigate animal magnetism as practised in his own clinic" (Gauld, 1992, p.7, emphasis added)."
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Original:  It was under these circumstances that a decision was made to investigate the work of d'Eslon -- although he was already ostracized from the Paris Faculty of Medicine -- when "d’Eslon, through influential friends, and tact, and other favourable circumstances, procured [the commissions'] establishment [specifically] to investigate animal magnetism as practised in his own clinic" (Gauld, 1992, p.7, emphasis added)."
Revised:  It was under these circumstances that a decision was made to investigate the work of d'Eslon -- although he was already ostracized from the Paris Faculty of Medicine – when "d’Eslon, through influential friends, and tact, and other favourable circumstances, procured [the commissions'] establishment [specifically] to investigate animal magnetism as practised in his own clinic" (Gauld, 1992, p.7, emphasis added)."
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Original:  It is significant that Mesmer, initially impressed by the therapeutic enterprises of the Jesuit astronomer, explorer, and healer Maximilian Hell (1720-1792) -- which involved the application of steel magnets that had been specifically shaped either to fit particular body contours, or to match the actual dimensions of a specific organ (e.g., the liver)See "Encounter with Maximillian Hell" at Pattie (1994), pp.33-41. -- and, immediately recognizing the "prima facie plausiblity"
Revised:  It is significant that Mesmer, initially impressed by the therapeutic enterprises of the Jesuit astronomer, explorer, and healer Maximilian Hell (1720-1792) – which involved the application of steel magnets that had been specifically shaped either to fit particular body contours, or to match the actual dimensions of a specific organ (e.g., the liver)See "Encounter with Maximillian Hell" at Pattie (1994), pp.33-41. -- and, immediately recognizing the "prima facie plausiblity"
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Original:  It is significant that Mesmer, initially impressed by the therapeutic enterprises of the Jesuit astronomer, explorer, and healer Maximilian Hell (1720-1792) -- which involved the application of steel magnets that had been specifically shaped either to fit particular body contours, or to match the actual dimensions of a specific organ (e.g., the liver)See "Encounter with Maximillian Hell" at Pattie (1994), pp.33-41. -- and, immediately recognizing the "prima facie plausiblity"
Revised:  It is significant that Mesmer, initially impressed by the therapeutic enterprises of the Jesuit astronomer, explorer, and healer Maximilian Hell (1720-1792) -- which involved the application of steel magnets that had been specifically shaped either to fit particular body contours, or to match the actual dimensions of a specific organ (e.g., the liver)See "Encounter with Maximillian Hell" at Pattie (1994), pp.33-41. – and, immediately recognizing the "prima facie plausiblity"
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Original:  For details of the Academy’s reply see Mesmer, 1784, pp.21-22 (translated at Pattie, 1994, pp.45-46). -- and were continuing to "confuse" the "properties" of his (abstract/theoretical) "Magnétisime animal" with those of an actual physical magnet (l'aimant): objects of which, he stressed, he had only ever spoken of as possible "conductors" of "animal magnetism".
Revised:  For details of the Academy’s reply see Mesmer, 1784, pp.21-22 (translated at Pattie, 1994, pp.45-46). – and were continuing to "confuse" the "properties" of his (abstract/theoretical) "Magnétisime animal" with those of an actual physical magnet (l'aimant): objects of which, he stressed, he had only ever spoken of as possible "conductors" of "animal magnetism".
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Original:  And, he argued, from this "confusion" of his "animal magnetism" with "[[Lodestone|mineral magnetism]]", his use of magnets -- which, although "useful", were always "imperfect', unless they had been applied according to "la théorie du Magnétisime animal" -- was being consistently misrepresented and misunderstood.
Revised:  And, he argued, from this "confusion" of his "animal magnetism" with "[[Lodestone|mineral magnetism]]", his use of magnets – which, although "useful", were always "imperfect', unless they had been applied according to "la théorie du Magnétisime animal" -- was being consistently misrepresented and misunderstood.
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Original:  And, he argued, from this "confusion" of his "animal magnetism" with "[[Lodestone|mineral magnetism]]", his use of magnets -- which, although "useful", were always "imperfect', unless they had been applied according to "la théorie du Magnétisime animal" -- was being consistently misrepresented and misunderstood.
Revised:  And, he argued, from this "confusion" of his "animal magnetism" with "[[Lodestone|mineral magnetism]]", his use of magnets -- which, although "useful", were always "imperfect', unless they had been applied according to "la théorie du Magnétisime animal" – was being consistently misrepresented and misunderstood.
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Original: "Mesmer regarded animal magnetism as a matter of "sympathetic vibration" just as much as music, and argued that it could be communicated, propagated and reinforced by sounds" (Kennaway, 2012, p.273) -- Mesmer's assertion is in his Proposition 19 (at Mesmer, 1779, p.79). -- an instrument invented by Benjamin Franklin himselfSee, for instance, Hyatt King (1945), and Meyer & Allen (1988).
Revised: "Mesmer regarded animal magnetism as a matter of "sympathetic vibration" just as much as music, and argued that it could be communicated, propagated and reinforced by sounds" (Kennaway, 2012, p.273) -- Mesmer's assertion is in his Proposition 19 (at Mesmer, 1779, p.79). – an instrument invented by Benjamin Franklin himselfSee, for instance, Hyatt King (1945), and Meyer & Allen (1988).
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Original:  (Meyer & Allen, 1988, p.185. -- that were associated with a wide range of (figurative) magnetic connotations, such as the use of "magnetic wands", and the treatment tub known as "the baquet", which, in the view of Yeates (2018, p.48), were "obviously, designed to amplify each subject's "response expectancy" (Kirsch, 1997, etc.) via impressive "metonymical acts" (Topley, 1976, p.254)".
Revised:  (Meyer & Allen, 1988, p.185. – that were associated with a wide range of (figurative) magnetic connotations, such as the use of "magnetic wands", and the treatment tub known as "the baquet", which, in the view of Yeates (2018, p.48), were "obviously, designed to amplify each subject's "response expectancy" (Kirsch, 1997, etc.) via impressive "metonymical acts" (Topley, 1976, p.254)".
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Original:  The "baquet" (lit. 'a tub') was a device of Mesmer's design, that he had constructed by analogy with the newly invented "Leyden Bottle" -- i.e., "the first electric condenser [viz., capacitor] in history" (Morabito, 2019, p.90) -- which was "supposed by analogy to 'store' animal magnetism" (Forrest, 1999, p.20).
Revised:  The "baquet" (lit. 'a tub') was a device of Mesmer's design, that he had constructed by analogy with the newly invented "Leyden Bottle" – i.e., "the first electric condenser [viz., capacitor] in history" (Morabito, 2019, p.90) -- which was "supposed by analogy to 'store' animal magnetism" (Forrest, 1999, p.20).
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Original:  The "baquet" (lit. 'a tub') was a device of Mesmer's design, that he had constructed by analogy with the newly invented "Leyden Bottle" -- i.e., "the first electric condenser [viz., capacitor] in history" (Morabito, 2019, p.90) -- which was "supposed by analogy to 'store' animal magnetism" (Forrest, 1999, p.20).
Revised:  The "baquet" (lit. 'a tub') was a device of Mesmer's design, that he had constructed by analogy with the newly invented "Leyden Bottle" -- i.e., "the first electric condenser [viz., capacitor] in history" (Morabito, 2019, p.90) – which was "supposed by analogy to 'store' animal magnetism" (Forrest, 1999, p.20).
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Original:  -- he would "abolish the use of baquets" (je supprimerois les baquets) and, as well, also significantly remarking (loc. cit.) that, "In general, I only use these little devices [sc. "baquets"] when I am forced to do so" (En general, je n'use des petits moyes que lorsque j'y suis forcé).
Revised:  – he would "abolish the use of baquets" (je supprimerois les baquets) and, as well, also significantly remarking (loc. cit.) that, "In general, I only use these little devices [sc. "baquets"] when I am forced to do so" (En general, je n'use des petits moyes que lorsque j'y suis forcé).
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Original:  Given Mesmer's regular (analogical) references throughout his works to the efficient grinding activities of smoothly functioning mills -- speaking of how the windmills are driven by the wind, and watermills by the flow of water.
Revised:  Given Mesmer's regular (analogical) references throughout his works to the efficient grinding activities of smoothly functioning mills – speaking of how the windmills are driven by the wind, and watermills by the flow of water.
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Original:  -- (Buranelli, 1975, p.108) The Commissions' remarks on d'Eslon's "magnetic crises" Noting that some of those who were "magnetized" by d'Eslon over an extended time "fell into the convulsive movements that have been called Crises" -
Revised:  – (Buranelli, 1975, p.108) The Commissions' remarks on d'Eslon's "magnetic crises" Noting that some of those who were "magnetized" by d'Eslon over an extended time "fell into the convulsive movements that have been called Crises" -
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Original: - the "Society" Commissioners' Report, in its discussion of the "Crises",At Poissonnier, et al. (1784), pp.9-19. identified a number of common characteristics among the majority of those who displayed these "convulsive movements":Ibid., p.10. (a) Only "the most sensitive subjects" -- i.e., who were "sensitive" either as a consequence of "their constitution" or of "their illness"
Revised: - the "Society" Commissioners' Report, in its discussion of the "Crises",At Poissonnier, et al. (1784), pp.9-19. identified a number of common characteristics among the majority of those who displayed these "convulsive movements":Ibid., p.10. (a) Only "the most sensitive subjects" – i.e., who were "sensitive" either as a consequence of "their constitution" or of "their illness"
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Original:  and (iii) "a derivation of the ‘’vapeurs’’, the hysterical fainting and nervous fits fashionable among society women at that time". -- displayed these "convulsive movements".
Revised:  and (iii) "a derivation of the ‘’vapeurs’’, the hysterical fainting and nervous fits fashionable among society women at that time". – displayed these "convulsive movements".
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Original:  (b) In the majority of cases, "convulsive movements" were only displayed after extended exposure to "magnetic procedures that involved direct physical contact" (procédés du Magnétisme animal, par contact immédiat) -- there were, also, they noted, rare examples of "convulsive movements" due to the operator's action at a distance, where no direct physical contact had been involved.
Revised:  (b) In the majority of cases, "convulsive movements" were only displayed after extended exposure to "magnetic procedures that involved direct physical contact" (procédés du Magnétisme animal, par contact immédiat) – there were, also, they noted, rare examples of "convulsive movements" due to the operator's action at a distance, where no direct physical contact had been involved.
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Original:  (d) Compared with individual treatments, group treatments -- when given to the same subjects -- always produced a greater number of "convulsive movements", of greater magnitude, in a greater number of patients, with less treatment, and in a shorter time.
Revised:  (d) Compared with individual treatments, group treatments – when given to the same subjects -- always produced a greater number of "convulsive movements", of greater magnitude, in a greater number of patients, with less treatment, and in a shorter time.
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Original:  (d) Compared with individual treatments, group treatments -- when given to the same subjects -- always produced a greater number of "convulsive movements", of greater magnitude, in a greater number of patients, with less treatment, and in a shorter time.
Revised:  (d) Compared with individual treatments, group treatments -- when given to the same subjects – always produced a greater number of "convulsive movements", of greater magnitude, in a greater number of patients, with less treatment, and in a shorter time.
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Original: - where the various social classes were not kept apart around "the baquet", as they were in Paris -- that, in relation to the concerns that the Commissioners expressed in relation to the "seizures" they had observed (and identified as one of the principal "dangers of magnetism"), he (Servan) had only observed "barely a few convulsions" ("not at all annoying in themselves") in only five or six individuals out of the fifty whose sequential treatments (and responses) he had observed in person.
Revised: - where the various social classes were not kept apart around "the baquet", as they were in Paris – that, in relation to the concerns that the Commissioners expressed in relation to the "seizures" they had observed (and identified as one of the principal "dangers of magnetism"), he (Servan) had only observed "barely a few convulsions" ("not at all annoying in themselves") in only five or six individuals out of the fifty whose sequential treatments (and responses) he had observed in person.
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Original:  and, although he chose not to comment on d'Eslon's treatments, he stated that, from his own direct observation of Mesmer's treatment of more than 200 patients, he had only seen eight of them display "crises" -- and, further, that only six of the more than 120 patients treated in his own clinic had displayed a "crisis".
Revised:  and, although he chose not to comment on d'Eslon's treatments, he stated that, from his own direct observation of Mesmer's treatment of more than 200 patients, he had only seen eight of them display "crises" – and, further, that only six of the more than 120 patients treated in his own clinic had displayed a "crisis".
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Original: - and, in order to clarify certain ambiguities, and correct particular errors that persist in the literature -- a number of basic facts need to be addressed (see, for example, Yeates, 2018, pp.48-52), it is useful to isolate what later, subsequent to the publication of Wolfart's Mesmerismus (1814), became known as "Mesmerism" from other "animal magnetism" practices in general.
Revised: - and, in order to clarify certain ambiguities, and correct particular errors that persist in the literature – a number of basic facts need to be addressed (see, for example, Yeates, 2018, pp.48-52), it is useful to isolate what later, subsequent to the publication of Wolfart's Mesmerismus (1814), became known as "Mesmerism" from other "animal magnetism" practices in general.
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Original: , in virtue of being alive, possessed an invisible, natural "magnetic" or "gravitational force" -- thus magnetismus animalis, "animal magnetism", or gravitas animalis, "animal gravity"According to Dingwall (1967, p.6), Mesmer's earlier conceptualization of "animal gravity" was, later, replaced by his more sophisticated concept of "animal magnetism". -- and the therapeutic interventions of each were directed at manipulating the ebb and flow of their subject's "energy field".
Revised: , in virtue of being alive, possessed an invisible, natural "magnetic" or "gravitational force" – thus magnetismus animalis, "animal magnetism", or gravitas animalis, "animal gravity"According to Dingwall (1967, p.6), Mesmer's earlier conceptualization of "animal gravity" was, later, replaced by his more sophisticated concept of "animal magnetism". -- and the therapeutic interventions of each were directed at manipulating the ebb and flow of their subject's "energy field".
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Original: , in virtue of being alive, possessed an invisible, natural "magnetic" or "gravitational force" -- thus magnetismus animalis, "animal magnetism", or gravitas animalis, "animal gravity"According to Dingwall (1967, p.6), Mesmer's earlier conceptualization of "animal gravity" was, later, replaced by his more sophisticated concept of "animal magnetism". -- and the therapeutic interventions of each were directed at manipulating the ebb and flow of their subject's "energy field".
Revised: , in virtue of being alive, possessed an invisible, natural "magnetic" or "gravitational force" -- thus magnetismus animalis, "animal magnetism", or gravitas animalis, "animal gravity"According to Dingwall (1967, p.6), Mesmer's earlier conceptualization of "animal gravity" was, later, replaced by his more sophisticated concept of "animal magnetism". – and the therapeutic interventions of each were directed at manipulating the ebb and flow of their subject's "energy field".
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Original:  The "mesmerists" In order to foster and promote orthopraxia,Namely, "correctness of behaviour", as distinct from its counterpart, orthodoxia, "correctness of theory". the materialist "mesmerists" used qualitative (rather than quantitative) constructs -- centred on Mesmer's abstract and metaphorical overarching analogies with gravity, terrestrial magnetism, and hydraulics -- to explain the application of their techniques and to describe their therapeutic rationale.
Revised:  The "mesmerists" In order to foster and promote orthopraxia,Namely, "correctness of behaviour", as distinct from its counterpart, orthodoxia, "correctness of theory". the materialist "mesmerists" used qualitative (rather than quantitative) constructs – centred on Mesmer's abstract and metaphorical overarching analogies with gravity, terrestrial magnetism, and hydraulics -- to explain the application of their techniques and to describe their therapeutic rationale.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The "mesmerists" In order to foster and promote orthopraxia,Namely, "correctness of behaviour", as distinct from its counterpart, orthodoxia, "correctness of theory". the materialist "mesmerists" used qualitative (rather than quantitative) constructs -- centred on Mesmer's abstract and metaphorical overarching analogies with gravity, terrestrial magnetism, and hydraulics -- to explain the application of their techniques and to describe their therapeutic rationale.
Revised:  The "mesmerists" In order to foster and promote orthopraxia,Namely, "correctness of behaviour", as distinct from its counterpart, orthodoxia, "correctness of theory". the materialist "mesmerists" used qualitative (rather than quantitative) constructs -- centred on Mesmer's abstract and metaphorical overarching analogies with gravity, terrestrial magnetism, and hydraulics – to explain the application of their techniques and to describe their therapeutic rationale.
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Original:  We know that something emanates from the magnetizer: this something is not a solid, and we call it a fluid.” -- Joseph-Philippe-François Deleuze (1814), p.233.
Revised:  We know that something emanates from the magnetizer: this something is not a solid, and we call it a fluid.” – Joseph-Philippe-François Deleuze (1814), p.233.
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