wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  The "animal magnetists" In contrast to the mesmerists, the metaphysical "magnetists" -- who (mistakenly) reified (i.e., "substantivised") the magnetic/fluidic metaphors of Mesmer -- firmly believed that they were channeling a substantial "fluidium" and were manipulating a particular, substantial "force".
Revised:  The "animal magnetists" In contrast to the mesmerists, the metaphysical "magnetists" – who (mistakenly) reified (i.e., "substantivised") the magnetic/fluidic metaphors of Mesmer -- firmly believed that they were channeling a substantial "fluidium" and were manipulating a particular, substantial "force".
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Original:  The "animal magnetists" In contrast to the mesmerists, the metaphysical "magnetists" -- who (mistakenly) reified (i.e., "substantivised") the magnetic/fluidic metaphors of Mesmer -- firmly believed that they were channeling a substantial "fluidium" and were manipulating a particular, substantial "force".
Revised:  The "animal magnetists" In contrast to the mesmerists, the metaphysical "magnetists" -- who (mistakenly) reified (i.e., "substantivised") the magnetic/fluidic metaphors of Mesmer – firmly believed that they were channeling a substantial "fluidium" and were manipulating a particular, substantial "force".
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Original:  2008, p.569)." -- the distinction being "that, while there might be natural explanations for 'lower' phenomena, 'higher' phenomena could only be explained in terms of a paranormal or metaphysical agency" (Yeates, 2018, p.52).
Revised:  2008, p.569)." – the distinction being "that, while there might be natural explanations for 'lower' phenomena, 'higher' phenomena could only be explained in terms of a paranormal or metaphysical agency" (Yeates, 2018, p.52).
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Original:  Mesmer's "cures" were never investigated In relation to the question of the agency/cause of Mesmer's supposed "cures" -- and in the process of constructing the protocols for their investigations into d'Eslon's "animal magnetism" -- both Commissions were well aware that "an effect's objective reality does not substantiate [any of the] proffered explanations [for its existence]" (Yeates, 2018, p.61).
Revised:  Mesmer's "cures" were never investigated In relation to the question of the agency/cause of Mesmer's supposed "cures" – and in the process of constructing the protocols for their investigations into d'Eslon's "animal magnetism" -- both Commissions were well aware that "an effect's objective reality does not substantiate [any of the] proffered explanations [for its existence]" (Yeates, 2018, p.61).
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Original:  Mesmer's "cures" were never investigated In relation to the question of the agency/cause of Mesmer's supposed "cures" -- and in the process of constructing the protocols for their investigations into d'Eslon's "animal magnetism" -- both Commissions were well aware that "an effect's objective reality does not substantiate [any of the] proffered explanations [for its existence]" (Yeates, 2018, p.61).
Revised:  Mesmer's "cures" were never investigated In relation to the question of the agency/cause of Mesmer's supposed "cures" -- and in the process of constructing the protocols for their investigations into d'Eslon's "animal magnetism" – both Commissions were well aware that "an effect's objective reality does not substantiate [any of the] proffered explanations [for its existence]" (Yeates, 2018, p.61).
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Original: - and even if the Commissioners were able "to strip from these therapeutic effects all of the illusions which might be involved with them""en dépouillant ces effets de toutes les illusions qui peuvent s’y mêler", -- any such determination would require an "infinity of cures", supported by the "experience of several centuries".
Revised: - and even if the Commissioners were able "to strip from these therapeutic effects all of the illusions which might be involved with them""en dépouillant ces effets de toutes les illusions qui peuvent s’y mêler", – any such determination would require an "infinity of cures", supported by the "experience of several centuries".
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Original:  when the effect of medicines is doubtful, whose existence is not at all problematical? -- Bailly (1784a, pp.11-13).
Revised:  when the effect of medicines is doubtful, whose existence is not at all problematical? – Bailly (1784a, pp.11-13).
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Original:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using -- the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases -- these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". -- Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
Revised:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using – the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases -- these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". -- Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
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Original:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using -- the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases -- these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". -- Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
Revised:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using -- the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases – these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". -- Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
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Original:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using -- the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases -- these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". -- Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
Revised:  namely, "the hope [of being cured] that they conceived, the exercise that they took every day, [and especially, whilst under the "magnetic" treatment] the suspension of the remedies they were previously using -- the quantity of which is often so harmful in such cases -- these are, in themselves, multiple and sufficient causes for the results that have been said to have been observed in similar circumstances". – Poissonnier, et al. (1784, p.36).
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Original:  Common misrepresentation of fact The preceding facts expose the error -- a classic example of equivocation due to lexical ambiguity -- in the commonly expressed (in modern literature) and extremely misleading misrepresentation of affairs;
Revised:  Common misrepresentation of fact The preceding facts expose the error – a classic example of equivocation due to lexical ambiguity -- in the commonly expressed (in modern literature) and extremely misleading misrepresentation of affairs;
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Original:  Common misrepresentation of fact The preceding facts expose the error -- a classic example of equivocation due to lexical ambiguity -- in the commonly expressed (in modern literature) and extremely misleading misrepresentation of affairs;
Revised:  Common misrepresentation of fact The preceding facts expose the error -- a classic example of equivocation due to lexical ambiguity – in the commonly expressed (in modern literature) and extremely misleading misrepresentation of affairs;
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Original: The persons who superintend the process, have each of them an iron rod in his hand, from ten to twelve inches in length." -- "Franklin" Report (pp.3-4.)Translation taken from Godwin (1785), p.23: other translations at Anon (1911/1912), p.79;
Revised: The persons who superintend the process, have each of them an iron rod in his hand, from ten to twelve inches in length." – "Franklin" Report (pp.3-4.)Translation taken from Godwin (1785), p.23: other translations at Anon (1911/1912), p.79;
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Original:  and from the detail that M. Deslon [sic] has made to them respecting the interior construction of the ["baquet"], they cannot infer any physical agent, capable of contributing to the imputed effects of the magnetism." -- "Franklin" Report (p.5.)Translation taken from Godwin (1785), p.24-25: other translations at: Anon (1911/1912), p.79;
Revised:  and from the detail that M. Deslon [sic] has made to them respecting the interior construction of the ["baquet"], they cannot infer any physical agent, capable of contributing to the imputed effects of the magnetism." – "Franklin" Report (p.5.)Translation taken from Godwin (1785), p.24-25: other translations at: Anon (1911/1912), p.79;
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Original:  In the process of their investigations they discovered that many non-"magnetised" subjects -- wrongly believing themselves to have been "magnetised" -- displayed a wide range of "magnetic" phenomena;
Revised:  In the process of their investigations they discovered that many non-"magnetised" subjects – wrongly believing themselves to have been "magnetised" -- displayed a wide range of "magnetic" phenomena;
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Original:  In the process of their investigations they discovered that many non-"magnetised" subjects -- wrongly believing themselves to have been "magnetised" -- displayed a wide range of "magnetic" phenomena;
Revised:  In the process of their investigations they discovered that many non-"magnetised" subjects -- wrongly believing themselves to have been "magnetised" – displayed a wide range of "magnetic" phenomena;
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Original:  (3) "they observed and compared the responses of subjects when blindfolded and when not" -- and, as Jensen, et al. (2016, pp.13) observe, the Commissioner's use of blindfolding very strongly suggests that, rather than "[being] interested in proving [something that] they believed to be true", their investigations concentrated on "disproving, rather than proving, the efficacy of [d'Eslon's] treatments";
Revised:  (3) "they observed and compared the responses of subjects when blindfolded and when not" – and, as Jensen, et al. (2016, pp.13) observe, the Commissioner's use of blindfolding very strongly suggests that, rather than "[being] interested in proving [something that] they believed to be true", their investigations concentrated on "disproving, rather than proving, the efficacy of [d'Eslon's] treatments";
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Original:  The Report(s) of the "Franklin Commission"L'imagination fait tout, le Magnétism est nul ('Imagination is everything, magnetism nothing') -- "Franklin Commission" Report.
Revised:  The Report(s) of the "Franklin Commission"L'imagination fait tout, le Magnétism est nul ('Imagination is everything, magnetism nothing') – "Franklin Commission" Report.
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Original: Bailly (1784a), p.48. "Rather than introducing a problem -- the Franklin report . . . provided a language for addressing one that already existed, forcefully articulating the suspicion that mechanical imagination could plague natural philosophers and religious "fanatics" alike" (Ogden, 2012, p.149).
Revised: Bailly (1784a), p.48. "Rather than introducing a problem – the Franklin report . . . provided a language for addressing one that already existed, forcefully articulating the suspicion that mechanical imagination could plague natural philosophers and religious "fanatics" alike" (Ogden, 2012, p.149).
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Original:  They also quote Mesmer's own "characterization" of his principleBailly, 1784a, p.3. -- namely, that "In the influence of the magnetism, Nature holds out to us a sovereign instrument for securing the health and lengthening the existence of mankind".
Revised:  They also quote Mesmer's own "characterization" of his principleBailly, 1784a, p.3. – namely, that "In the influence of the magnetism, Nature holds out to us a sovereign instrument for securing the health and lengthening the existence of mankind".
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Original:  They clearly state (p.3) that, on the basis of a presentation given to the Commissioners, by d'Eslon (at his residence), on 9 May 1784 -- at which d'Eslon had not only described his version of the "theories" of "animal magnetism", but also described and demonstrated his therapeutic procedures -- the Commissioners were more than satisfied that d'Eslon's theories, principles, methods, and practices were consistent with those that Mesmer had made known through his publications;
Revised:  They clearly state (p.3) that, on the basis of a presentation given to the Commissioners, by d'Eslon (at his residence), on 9 May 1784 – at which d'Eslon had not only described his version of the "theories" of "animal magnetism", but also described and demonstrated his therapeutic procedures -- the Commissioners were more than satisfied that d'Eslon's theories, principles, methods, and practices were consistent with those that Mesmer had made known through his publications;
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Original:  They clearly state (p.3) that, on the basis of a presentation given to the Commissioners, by d'Eslon (at his residence), on 9 May 1784 -- at which d'Eslon had not only described his version of the "theories" of "animal magnetism", but also described and demonstrated his therapeutic procedures -- the Commissioners were more than satisfied that d'Eslon's theories, principles, methods, and practices were consistent with those that Mesmer had made known through his publications;
Revised:  They clearly state (p.3) that, on the basis of a presentation given to the Commissioners, by d'Eslon (at his residence), on 9 May 1784 -- at which d'Eslon had not only described his version of the "theories" of "animal magnetism", but also described and demonstrated his therapeutic procedures – the Commissioners were more than satisfied that d'Eslon's theories, principles, methods, and practices were consistent with those that Mesmer had made known through his publications;
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Original:  and, moreover, having acquired this thorough understanding of the "theory and practice of animal magnetism", the Commissioners then concentrated their efforts on determining the effects of its application -- and, in order to do so, they visited d'Eslon's establishment on several occasions.
Revised:  and, moreover, having acquired this thorough understanding of the "theory and practice of animal magnetism", the Commissioners then concentrated their efforts on determining the effects of its application – and, in order to do so, they visited d'Eslon's establishment on several occasions.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  unanimous voice respecting the existence and the utility of the magnetism, that the existence of the fluid is absolutely destitude of proof, that the fluid having no existence can consequently have no use, that the violent symptoms observed in the public process are to be ascribed to the compression, to the imagination called into action, and to that propensity to mechanical imitation, which leads us in spite of ourselves to the repetition of what strikes our senses. -- George Winter (1801).
Revised:  unanimous voice respecting the existence and the utility of the magnetism, that the existence of the fluid is absolutely destitude of proof, that the fluid having no existence can consequently have no use, that the violent symptoms observed in the public process are to be ascribed to the compression, to the imagination called into action, and to that propensity to mechanical imitation, which leads us in spite of ourselves to the repetition of what strikes our senses. – George Winter (1801).
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Original:  Therefore, if it exists in us & around us, it does so in an absolutely undetectable manner." -- Bailly (1784a), p.9.
Revised:  Therefore, if it exists in us & around us, it does so in an absolutely undetectable manner." – Bailly (1784a), p.9.
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Original:  The Commission's secret report ("for the King's eyes only") A second (brief) report -- which had been presented privately to the King on 11 August 1784,Bailly (1800): translations at Bailly and Others (1963);
Revised:  The Commission's secret report ("for the King's eyes only") A second (brief) report – which had been presented privately to the King on 11 August 1784,Bailly (1800): translations at Bailly and Others (1963);
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Original:  See also, Crabtree (1993), pp.92-94, Pattie (1994),pp.154-155. but not made public until 1800 (i.e., in the time of The Consulate period of French First Republic) -- specifically addressed the perceived moral dangers occasioned by the physical practices of the animal magnetists: 150px|upJean-Charles-Pierre Lenoir, Lieutenant-General of Paris Police.
Revised:  See also, Crabtree (1993), pp.92-94, Pattie (1994),pp.154-155. but not made public until 1800 (i.e., in the time of The Consulate period of French First Republic) – specifically addressed the perceived moral dangers occasioned by the physical practices of the animal magnetists: 150px|upJean-Charles-Pierre Lenoir, Lieutenant-General of Paris Police.
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Original:  In concluding their report, they stress that they had not observed any "real cures" (guérisons réelles) from d'Eslon's treatments -- which were, they noted, both "very long" and "unfruitful" -- and, also, stress that, among d'Eslon's patients, those who had been under his treatment for 18 months to 2 years, without any benefit, ceased to present for any further treatment, having exhausted their patience (p.152).
Revised:  In concluding their report, they stress that they had not observed any "real cures" (guérisons réelles) from d'Eslon's treatments – which were, they noted, both "very long" and "unfruitful" -- and, also, stress that, among d'Eslon's patients, those who had been under his treatment for 18 months to 2 years, without any benefit, ceased to present for any further treatment, having exhausted their patience (p.152).
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Original:  In concluding their report, they stress that they had not observed any "real cures" (guérisons réelles) from d'Eslon's treatments -- which were, they noted, both "very long" and "unfruitful" -- and, also, stress that, among d'Eslon's patients, those who had been under his treatment for 18 months to 2 years, without any benefit, ceased to present for any further treatment, having exhausted their patience (p.152).
Revised:  In concluding their report, they stress that they had not observed any "real cures" (guérisons réelles) from d'Eslon's treatments -- which were, they noted, both "very long" and "unfruitful" – and, also, stress that, among d'Eslon's patients, those who had been under his treatment for 18 months to 2 years, without any benefit, ceased to present for any further treatment, having exhausted their patience (p.152).
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Original: - offering essentially the same explanation as that in their for-public-consumption report (see "The Report's final footnote" in the Gallery above) -- although they had not examined any of Mesmer's methods, etc., their findings applied equally to Mesmer and his methods, especially in relation to the attribution of all observed phenomena to "contact", "imagination", and/or "imitation" (p.154).
Revised: - offering essentially the same explanation as that in their for-public-consumption report (see "The Report's final footnote" in the Gallery above) – although they had not examined any of Mesmer's methods, etc., their findings applied equally to Mesmer and his methods, especially in relation to the attribution of all observed phenomena to "contact", "imagination", and/or "imitation" (p.154).
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Original:  The importance of "the Sciences" Further (p.4), given that the understanding of the Sciences -- "which [collectively] are increased by [establishing] the truth" (qui s’accroissent par les vérités) -- is increased by "the suppression of error": i.e., given that "error" is always "a bad leaven that ferments and, in the long run, corrupts the mass into which it has been introduced".
Revised:  The importance of "the Sciences" Further (p.4), given that the understanding of the Sciences – "which [collectively] are increased by [establishing] the truth" (qui s’accroissent par les vérités) -- is increased by "the suppression of error": i.e., given that "error" is always "a bad leaven that ferments and, in the long run, corrupts the mass into which it has been introduced".
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Original:  The importance of "the Sciences" Further (p.4), given that the understanding of the Sciences -- "which [collectively] are increased by [establishing] the truth" (qui s’accroissent par les vérités) -- is increased by "the suppression of error": i.e., given that "error" is always "a bad leaven that ferments and, in the long run, corrupts the mass into which it has been introduced".
Revised:  The importance of "the Sciences" Further (p.4), given that the understanding of the Sciences -- "which [collectively] are increased by [establishing] the truth" (qui s’accroissent par les vérités) – is increased by "the suppression of error": i.e., given that "error" is always "a bad leaven that ferments and, in the long run, corrupts the mass into which it has been introduced".
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Original:  By contrast, however, in those cases wherein the "error" has been generated by "The Empire of Science", and has spread to "the multitude" -- not only to divide and agitate minds, but also, in deceptively presenting a means of curing the sick, prevent them from seeking their cures elsewhere -- "good Government has an interest in destroying it".
Revised:  By contrast, however, in those cases wherein the "error" has been generated by "The Empire of Science", and has spread to "the multitude" – not only to divide and agitate minds, but also, in deceptively presenting a means of curing the sick, prevent them from seeking their cures elsewhere -- "good Government has an interest in destroying it".
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Original:  By contrast, however, in those cases wherein the "error" has been generated by "The Empire of Science", and has spread to "the multitude" -- not only to divide and agitate minds, but also, in deceptively presenting a means of curing the sick, prevent them from seeking their cures elsewhere -- "good Government has an interest in destroying it".
Revised:  By contrast, however, in those cases wherein the "error" has been generated by "The Empire of Science", and has spread to "the multitude" -- not only to divide and agitate minds, but also, in deceptively presenting a means of curing the sick, prevent them from seeking their cures elsewhere – "good Government has an interest in destroying it".
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Original:  Chemistry However, having been unable to operate as physicists, they had decided to follow the standard procedures of "chemists" -- who, having "decomposed substances" and thereby discovered their "principles", assured themselves of the "exactness" of their findings by "recomposing" the same substances from their "reunited" constituents (p.9).
Revised:  Chemistry However, having been unable to operate as physicists, they had decided to follow the standard procedures of "chemists" – who, having "decomposed substances" and thereby discovered their "principles", assured themselves of the "exactness" of their findings by "recomposing" the same substances from their "reunited" constituents (p.9).
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