wanyu/IteraTeR_v2 huggingface dataset:
Original:  Founded in Paris in 1963, by mostly male students, GONG would become one of the most important anti-colonial groups in the territory and in the diaspora.
Revised:  Founded in Paris in 1963, by mostly male students, GONG would become one of the most important anti-colonial groups in the territory and its diaspora.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe  also known as GONG  was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, a overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Revised: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe ( also known as GONG was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, a overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe  also known as GONG  was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, a overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Revised: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe also known as GONG ) was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, a overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe  also known as GONG  was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, a overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Revised: Groupe d'organisation nationale de la Guadeloupe also known as GONG was a political group that campaigned for Guadeloupe, an overseas region of France in the Caribbean, to have complete independence from France.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Later on  he took over the editorial office of the Technical Review .
Revised:  Later on , he took over the editorial office of the Technical Review .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  By making subjects learn a series of words comprised of nonsense syllables, it was found that if an association formed between syllables 1 and 2, it was harder for subjects to associate syllable 1 with syllable 3.
Revised:  By making subjects learn a series of words composed of nonsense syllables, it was found that if an association formed between syllables 1 and 2, it was harder for subjects to associate syllable 1 with syllable 3.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In J. A. Sloboda & D. Rogers (Eds.) , Keele cognition seminars, Vol. 1. Cognitive processes in mathematics (pp. 107-122).
Revised:  In J. A. Sloboda & D. Rogers , Keele cognition seminars, Vol. 1. Cognitive processes in mathematics (pp. 107-122).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  New York, NY , US : Clarendon Press.
Revised:  New York, NY : Clarendon Press.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Müller, G. E. ;
Revised: Müller, G. E. ,
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Original:  Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane . 6 (1) : 81-190.
Revised:  Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane . 6 (1) , 81-190.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Language Monographs . 1(1) : 1-47.
Revised:  Language Monographs , 1(1) : 1-47.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Language Monographs . 1(1) : 1-47.
Revised:  Language Monographs . 1(1) , 1-47.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  As hypothesised, associative interference hindered many of the participant’s recall ability, as participant’s were much more likely to make a mistake in recalling overlapping word pairs.
Revised:  As hypothesised, associative interference hindered many of the participants recall ability, as participant’s were much more likely to make a mistake in recalling overlapping word pairs.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  As hypothesised, associative interference hindered many of the participant’s recall ability, as participant’s were much more likely to make a mistake in recalling overlapping word pairs.
Revised:  As hypothesised, associative interference hindered many of the participant’s recall ability, as they were much more likely to make a mistake in recalling overlapping word pairs.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  After noting the lack of any significant results to Dyne et. al.’s study, Verde then introduced a new factor, the concept of familiarity.
Revised:  After noting the lack of any significant results to Dyne and her peers' study, Verde then introduced a new factor, the concept of familiarity.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Effect on recall Many studies have concluded that associative interference reduces a subject’s ability to recall.
Revised: Impact on memory Effect on recall Many studies have concluded that associative interference reduces a subject’s ability to recall.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:        References
Revised:  Impact on learning Kevin Darby and Vladimir Sloutsky’s study of interference effects on memory development has shown that associative interference can have significant implications on learning as a result of its effects on memory (ref). In their study, 2 experimental studies were outlined to test the ways in which interference impacts learning. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:        References
Revised:  The first one was conducted on a sample of preschool-aged participants. The stimulus presented were word pairs from 4 different categories: animals (eg. turtle), vehicles (eg. train), clothing (eg. boot) and furniture (eg. lamp) presented in a visual form. No pair contained words from the same category, and these image pairs where shown to participants alongside 2 familiar characters; Winnie the Pooh and Mickey Mouse. These two characters served as a response to test interference, as each word pair would correspond to one of the characters. Similar to prior interference studies, word pairs were either unique, or contained an overlapping word from another pair. These overlapping pairs were used to facilitate interference conditions. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:        References
Revised:  After an initial phase of teaching participants what each word pair’s supposed response was, they then undergone a testing phase and questioned on the proper response for each pair. The results of this experiment revealed that the young participants showed signs of interference. However, these results are all expected, and align with similar conclusions achieved from previous studies. The unique factor regarding Darby and Sloutsky’s experiment was that it was repeated, this time with adult participants. Although both younger and older participants have displayed signs of interference, by directly comparing the two age groups it becomes possible to analyse the level of impact interference has with regards to age. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:        References
Revised:  These subsequent experiments with adult participants concluded that certain types of interference affected children much more than adults. Therefore, it can be concluded that interference has a much bigger impact on learning during childhood and growing up than it is when an individual is much older. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:        References
Revised:  Although this difference isn’t substantial to the point where adults can learn more easily than children as shown by multiple studies as a result of neuroplasticityFuchs, E. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:        References
Revised:  Flügge, G. (2014). Adult Neuroplasticity: More Than 40 Years of Research. Neuro Plasticity, 2014(5), 1-10. doi:10.1155/2014/541870, it is important to outline the importance of interference as a hinderance towards learning in younger individuals. In particular, education systems such as schools may need to reassess certain topics and subjects if they are more difficult for students to grasp as interference may be inhibiting their ability to understand and process the information to learn and memorise it. References
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Psychological Bulletin, 26(4), 202-222. doi:10.1037/h0073189 . Associative interference was widely investigated and researchers realised there were different types of interference, namely retroactive interference which investigates how new memories disrupts the retrieval of old memories, and proactive interference which investigates how old memories disrupts the retrieval of new memories.
Revised:  Psychological Bulletin, 26(4), 202-222. . Associative interference was widely investigated and researchers realised there were different types of interference, namely retroactive interference which investigates how new memories disrupts the retrieval of old memories, and proactive interference which investigates how old memories disrupts the retrieval of new memories.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Journal of Experimental Psychology, 144(2), 410-431. doi:10.1037/xge0000051 These two were subsequently known as the interference theory.
Revised:  Journal of Experimental Psychology, 144(2), 410-431. These two were subsequently known as the interference theory.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121(1), 15-23. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 He concluded that by associating the stimulus (what’s the time?) with a response (taking out pocket watch), both the stimulus and response have equal likelihood to trigger automatic retrieval if the other was encountered.
Revised:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121(1), 15-23. He concluded that by associating the stimulus (what’s the time?) with a response (taking out pocket watch), both the stimulus and response have equal likelihood to trigger automatic retrieval if the other was encountered.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136(1), 43-63. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.43 That is, taking out a pocket watch (response) would often trigger the action of checking the time (stimulus) even if the supposed action was something different, such as taking out the watch and placing it on the table.
Revised:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136(1), 43-63. That is, taking out a pocket watch (response) would often trigger the action of checking the time (stimulus) even if the supposed action was something different, such as taking out the watch and placing it on the table.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4(4), 270-299. doi:10.1037/h0071479 The phenomenon was subsequently termed the law of associative inhibition.
Revised:  Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4(4), 270-299. The phenomenon was subsequently termed the law of associative inhibition.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The American Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 433-442. doi:10.2307/1411651 , while Linus W. Kline used stimuli which were designed to be more recognisable for subjects such as states, capitals and book titles.
Revised:  The American Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 433-442. , while Linus W. Kline used stimuli which were designed to be more recognisable for subjects such as states, capitals and book titles.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Memory & Cognition, 32(8), 1273-1283. doi:10.3758/BF03206318 In 1925, Erwin A. Esper presented subjects with a series of random shapes with different colours.
Revised:  Memory & Cognition, 32(8), 1273-1283. In 1925, Erwin A. Esper presented subjects with a series of random shapes with different colours.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(5), 813-824. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.16.5.813 Although this difference isn’t substantial to the point where adults can learn more easily than children as shown by multiple studies as a result of neuroplasticityFuchs, E. & Flügge, G. (2014).
Revised:  Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(5), 813-824. Although this difference isn’t substantial to the point where adults can learn more easily than children as shown by multiple studies as a result of neuroplasticityFuchs, E. & Flügge, G. (2014).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Neuro Plasticity, 2014(5), 1-10. doi:10.1155/2014/541870 , it is important to outline the importance of interference as a hinderance towards learning in younger individuals.
Revised:  Neuro Plasticity, 2014(5), 1-10. , it is important to outline the importance of interference as a hinderance towards learning in younger individuals.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  If an individual learned how to ski in the 70s, when they had straight skis, and he or she hasn’t skied for years, they would have to relearn how to ski with the more modern rounded downhill skills.
Revised:  If someone learned how to ski in the 70s, when they had straight skis, and he or she hasn’t skied for years, they would have to relearn how to ski with the more modern rounded downhill skills.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, if you learn Spanish and then Italian , the acquisition of Italian should make it more difficult to retrieve your Spanish vocabulary .
Revised:  For example, retroactive interference would happen as an individual learns a list of Italian vocabulary words, had previously learned Spanish. Learning the Italian words would make it more difficult to retrieve your Spanish vocabulary .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  For example, if you learn Spanish and then Italian , the acquisition of Italian should make it more difficult to retrieve your Spanish vocabulary .
Revised:  For example, if you learn Spanish and then Italian , the acquisition of Italian should make it more difficult to remember the Spanish words .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Application Juvenile Justice System The Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) has not only been applied to adults, it could also be used in the juvenile justice system associated with its community-based actions.
Revised: Application Juvenile justice system The Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) has not only been applied to adults, it could also be used in the juvenile justice system associated with its community-based actions.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Future Directions Extension of the Use of the Sequential Intercept Model The initial emphasis of the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) is on individuals who suffer from serious mental and behavioural health problems, however, it is possible for SIM to extend to other populations, such as veterans and teenagers who experience substance use disorder as well as people who suffer from intellectual disabilities.
Revised:  Future directions Extension of the Use of the Sequential Intercept Model The initial emphasis of the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) is on individuals who suffer from serious mental and behavioural health problems, however, it is possible for SIM to extend to other populations, such as veterans and teenagers who experience substance use disorder as well as people who suffer from intellectual disabilities.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Future Directions Extension of the Use of the Sequential Intercept Model The initial emphasis of the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) is on individuals who suffer from serious mental and behavioural health problems, however, it is possible for SIM to extend to other populations, such as veterans and teenagers who experience substance use disorder as well as people who suffer from intellectual disabilities.
Revised:  Future Directions Extension of the use of the Sequential Intercept Model The initial emphasis of the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) is on individuals who suffer from serious mental and behavioural health problems, however, it is possible for SIM to extend to other populations, such as veterans and teenagers who experience substance use disorder as well as people who suffer from intellectual disabilities.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Policy Implications The use of the SIM implies changes of policy in the related areas.
Revised:  Policy implications The use of the SIM implies changes of policy in the related areas.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In 1991, the Indian economy underwent economic liberalisation.
Revised: India had undergone socialist reforms from the 1950s to 1990s. Prior to economic liberalisation, India experience low rates of annual economic growth known as the "Nehruvian Socialist rate of growth" and low rates of per capita income growth. Photo of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India following the end of the British Raj's rule, and his father Motilal Nehru, an activist for Indian independence and a lawyer. Numerous steel plants were set up in the 1950s by prime minister Nehru under the belief that India had needed to maximise steel production in order for the economy to succeed. This led to the formation of Hindustan Steel Limited (HSL), a government owned company and the establishment of three steel plants throughout the India during the 1950s. In 1991, the Indian economy underwent economic liberalisation.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Currently, India is the fastest emerging economy in the world.
Revised:  During 2018, India became the fastest emerging economy in the world.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By 2025, it is expected that Indians will account for at least one quarter of the world economy's working age population.
Revised:  By 2025, it is expected that the Indian working age population will account for at least one quarter of the world economy's working age population.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Ultimately, the Company rule ended with the Government of India Act 1858 following the events of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 4 , although the British East India Company was formally dissolved by Act of Parliament in 1874.
Revised:  Ultimately, the Company rule ended with the Government of India Act 1858 following the events of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 , although the British East India Company was formally dissolved by Act of Parliament in 1874.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: The deindustrialisation of India started when the Indian economy was colonoised under the British Empire.
Revised: The deindustrialisation of India started when the Indian economy was colonised under the British Empire.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  It recounts the genealogy of the rulers of Kilwa .
Revised:  It recounts the genealogy of the rulers of the Kilwa Sultanate .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Two sources of the Chronicle exist: the Kitāb al-Sulwa in Arabic and a Portuguese version that is a section of the book Décadas da Ásia by the historian João de Barros.
Revised: Two sources of the Chronicle exist: the in Arabic and a Portuguese version that is a section of the book Décadas da Ásia by the historian João de Barros.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Two sources of the Chronicle exist: the Kitāb al-Sulwa in Arabic and a Portuguese version that is a section of the book Décadas da Ásia by the historian João de Barros.
Revised: Two sources of the Chronicle exist: the Kitāb al-Sulwa in Arabic and a Portuguese version that is a section of the book by the historian João de Barros.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  João de Barros (1552) Décadas da Ásia: Dos feitos, que os Portuguezes fizeram no descubrimento, e conquista, dos mares, e terras do Oriente.
Revised:  João de Barros (1552) 
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  This crime will not have a large impact on its own, although will have a more impact on society if it took part in a larger crime .
Revised:  The larger crime may be racketeering, money laundering, financing of terrorism, etc .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The organisation of Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act , known as “RICO”, was made to target the predicate criminals.
Revised:  For example, to violate the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act , known as “RICO”, was made to target the predicate criminals.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Crimes may be justified as predicate acts to a larger crime if they have a similar purpose of the larger crime.
Revised:  Crimes are predicate to a larger crime if they have a similar purpose of the larger crime.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Crimes may be justified as predicate acts to a larger crime if they have a similar purpose of the larger crime.
Revised:  Crimes may be justified as predicate acts to a larger crime if they have a similar purpose to the larger crime.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Producing a fake ID card in order to take out money from someone’s bank accountis considered as a predicate offence.
Revised:  For example, using false identification is itself a crime; it may be a predicate offense to larceny or fraud if it is used to withdraw money from a bank account.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Predicate crimes can be penalized separately or mutually from the larger crime.
Revised:  Predicate crimes can be charged separately or together with the larger crime.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The sentencing will depend on how impactful the crime committed is and whether the crime has actually been committed or not.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Definition The origin of the word "Predicate" came from a late Middle English word " praedicātum", which means to publicly acknowledge.
Revised:  Etymology "Predicate" came from a late Middle English word " praedicātum", which means to publicly acknowledge.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Money laundering According to the National Money Laundering Risk Assessment (2018), money laundering act is associated with predicate offences.
Revised:  Money laundering Money laundering can have many associated predicate offences.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Blackmail%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Blackmail is the crime of threatening to reveal embarrassing, offensive or harming information about an individual to the public.
Revised:  %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Blackmail is the crime of threatening to reveal embarrassing, offensive or harming information about an individual to the public.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Fraud 229x229px|Fraud is a criminal deception to result in financial or personal gain According to the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission (2019), organized crime groups are increasingly involved in fraud.
Revised: %DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% 229x229px|Fraud is a criminal deception to result in financial or personal gain According to the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission (2019), organized crime groups are increasingly involved in fraud.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  There are 7 types of fraud, which are:%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Superannuation fraud Serious and organized investment fraud Mass marketed fraud Revenue and taxation fraud Financial market fraud Card fraud Identity fraud An example of a recent case of fraud is Williams v. US under the district court of M.D. Florida, Jacksonville Division.
Revised:  There are 7 types of fraud, which are:%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% An example of a recent case of fraud is Williams v. US under the district court of M.D. Florida, Jacksonville Division.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The type of object that was stolen%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% 2. How much the object worth There are several types of theft including petty theft and grand theft.
Revised:  The type of object that was stolen%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% There are several types of theft including petty theft and grand theft.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Predicate offences can include the offences of participating in several other crimes, which are:%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Organized criminal group Corruption Obstruction of justice Organisation against predicate crime The Predicate Act Doctrine came as a result of an organisation act commonly known as RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act) . RICO is known to be the organization that create The Predicate Act Doctrine as the development of an organisation act.
Revised:  Predicate offences can include the offences of participating in several other crimes, which are:%DIFDELCMD < %DIFDELCMD < %%% Organisation against predicate crime The Predicate Act Doctrine came as a result of an organisation act commonly known as RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act) . RICO is known to be the organization that create The Predicate Act Doctrine as the development of an organisation act.
Edit intent: clarity