wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  The problem is set up as a finite-fuel two-dimensional degenerate singular stochastic control problem over an infinite time horizon, and we provide explicit expressions both for the value function and for the optimal control.
Revised:  The problem is set up as a finite-fuel two-dimensional degenerate singular stochastic control problem over an infinite time-horizon. We provide explicit expressions both for the value function and for the optimal control.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  A company extracts a natural resource from a reserve with finite capacity, and sells it in the market at a spot price that evolves according to a Brownian motion with volatility modulated by a two state Markov chain.
Revised:  A company extracts a natural resource from a reserve with finite capacity, and sells it in the market at a spot price that evolves according to a Brownian motion with volatility modulated by a two-state Markov chain.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In this setting, the company aims at finding the extraction rule that maximizes its expected , discounted net cash flow. The problem is set up as a finite-fuel two-dimensional degenerate singular stochastic control problem over an infinite time-horizon. We provide explicit expressions both for the value function and for the optimal control.
Revised:  In this setting, the company aims at finding the extraction rule that maximizes its expected discounted cash flow, net of the costs of extraction and maintenance of the reserve. We provide expressions both for the value function and for the optimal control.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We show that the latter prescribes a Skorokhod reflection of the optimally controlled state process at a certain state and price dependent threshold.
Revised:  On the one hand, if the running cost for the maintenance of the reserve is a convex function of the reserve level, the optimal extraction rule prescribes a Skorokhod reflection of the optimally controlled state process at a certain state and price dependent threshold.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This curve is given in terms of the optimal stopping boundary of an auxiliary family of perpetual optimal selling problems with regime switching .
Revised:  On the other hand, in presence of a concave running cost function it is optimal to instantaneously deplet the reserve at the time at which the commodity's price exceeds an endogenously determined critical level. In both cases, the threshold triggering the optimal control is given in terms of the optimal stopping boundary of an auxiliary family of perpetual optimal selling problems with regime switching .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the analysis, there is no technical assumption (except a natural one) on the model parameters. We also prove an asymptotic expansion result for small transaction costs .
Revised:  We find an explicit characterization of model parameters for the well-posedness of the problem, and show that the problem is well-posed if and only if there exists a shadow price process. Finally, we describe how the investor's optimal strategy is affected by the additional opportunity of trading the liquid risky asset, compared to the simpler model with one bond and one illiquid risky asset .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: Recently, IEEE 802.11ax Task Group has proposed new guidelines for the use of OFDMA-based medium access control. In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Revised: Recently, IEEE 802.11ax Task Group has adapted OFDMA as a new technique for enabling multi-user transmission. It has been also decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Revised:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the scheduling duration should be same for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Revised:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in a multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Revised:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA so that the transmission of the users should end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time , and the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Revised:  In this new framework, it has been decided that the transmission for all the users in an multi-user OFDMA should end end at the same time . In order to realize that condition, the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to fill the duration.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We investigate resource allocation problems where the scheduling duration (i.e., time ) is optimized through Lyapunov optimization techniques by taking into account the padding overhead, airtime fairness and energy consumption of the users.
Revised:  In this work, for OFDMA based 802.11 WLANs we first propose practical algorithm in which the scheduling duration (i.e., time ) is optimized through Lyapunov optimization techniques by taking into account the padding overhead, airtime fairness and energy consumption of the users.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We investigate resource allocation problems where the scheduling duration (i.e., time ) is optimized through Lyapunov optimization techniques by taking into account the padding overhead, airtime fairness and energy consumption of the users.
Revised:  We investigate resource allocation problems where the scheduling duration is fixed and does not change from time to time. In the second algorithm the scheduling duration is dynamically determined in a resource allocation framework by taking into account the padding overhead, airtime fairness and energy consumption of the users.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number N of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length T of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role even if its strength \eta is large , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role , while in the opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the size of samples is comparable to, or even smaller than the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the data-dominated region, where the number  of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length  of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role  , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of different assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Revised:  In the data-dominated region, where the number of different assets in the portfolio is much less than the length of the available time series, the regularizer plays a negligible role , while in the (much more frequently occurring in practice) opposite limit, where the samples are comparable or even small compared to the number of assets, the optimum is almost entirely determined by the regularizer.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Our results clearly show that the transition region between these two extremes is relatively narrow, and it is only here that one can meaningfully speak of a trade-off between fluctuations and bias .
Revised:  We construct the contour map of estimation error on the N/T vs. \eta plane and find that for a given value of the estimation error the gain in N/T due to the regularizer can reach a factor of about 4 for a sufficiently strong regularizer .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Thus, in order to translate the improved Fr\'echet--Hoeffding bounds into bounds on the expectation of f(S), we develop an alternative representation of multivariate integrals with respect to copulas that admits also quasi-copulas as integrators.
Revised:  Thus, in order to translate the improved Fr\'echet-Hoeffding bounds into bounds on the expectation of f(S), we develop an alternative representation of multivariate integrals with respect to copulas that admits also quasi-copulas as integrators.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  By means of this representation, we provide an integral characterization of orthant orders on the set of quasi-copulas which relates the improved Fr\'echet--Hoeffding bounds to bounds on the expectation of f(S).
Revised:  By means of this representation, we provide an integral characterization of orthant orders on the set of quasi-copulas which relates the improved Fr\'echet-Hoeffding bounds to bounds on the expectation of f(S).
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Thus, in order to translate the improved Fr\'echet-Hoeffding \FH bounds into bounds on the expectation of f(S), we develop an alternative representation of multivariate integrals with respect to copulas that admits also quasi-copulas as integrators.
Revised:  Thus, in order to translate the improved \FH bounds into bounds on the expectation of f(S), we develop an alternative representation of multivariate integrals with respect to copulas that admits also quasi-copulas as integrators.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  By means of this representation, we provide an integral characterization of orthant orders on the set of quasi-copulas which relates the improved Fr\'echet-Hoeffding \FH bounds to bounds on the expectation of f(S).
Revised:  By means of this representation, we provide an integral characterization of orthant orders on the set of quasi-copulas which relates the improved \FH bounds to bounds on the expectation of f(S).
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: We propose a flexible and tractable approach based on affine processes to model multiple yield curves. More precisely, we model a numeraire process and multiplicative spreads between Libor rates and simply compounded OIS rates as functions of an underlying affine process.
Revised: We propose a flexible and tractable approach based on affine processes , be it short rate, Libor market, or HJM modeling, can be consolidated. We model a numeraire process and multiplicative spreads between Libor rates and simply compounded OIS rates as functions of an underlying affine process.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Besides allowing for ordered spreads and an exact fit to the initially observed term structures, this general framework leads to tractable valuation formulas for caplets and swaptions and embeds most of the existing multi-curve models based on affine processes.
Revised:  Besides allowing for ordered spreads and an exact fit to the initially observed term structures, this general framework leads to tractable valuation formulas for caplets and swaptions and embeds all existing multi-curve models based on affine processes.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Besides allowing for ordered spreads and an exact fit to the initially observed term structures, this general framework leads to tractable valuation formulas for caplets and swaptions and embeds most of the existing multi-curve models based on affine processes. In particular, in the case of a model driven by a Wishart process,  we derive a closed-form pricing formula for caplets.
Revised:  Besides allowing for ordered spreads and an exact fit to the initially observed term structures, this general framework leads to tractable valuation formulas for caplets and swaptions and embeds most of the existing multi-curve affine models. The proposed approach also gives rise to new developments, such as a short rate type model driven by a Wishart process, we derive a closed-form pricing formula for caplets.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries  described in the  Unified Growth Theory  .
Revised:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be unproductive to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries described in the Unified Growth Theory .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries  described in the  Unified Growth Theory  .
Revised:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing and self-created mysteries described in the Unified Growth Theory .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries  described in the  Unified Growth Theory  .
Revised:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries of the growth process described in the Unified Growth Theory .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries  described in the  Unified Growth Theory  .
Revised:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries described in the scientifically unacceptable Unified Growth Theory .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries  described in the  Unified Growth Theory  .
Revised:  The mechanism of the historical economic growth and of the growth of human population is yet to be explained but it would be a waste of time, money and human resources to try to explain the non-existing , self-created mysteries described in the Unified Growth Theory . However, the problem is much deeper than just the examination of this theory. Demographic Growth Theory is based on the incorrect but deeply entrenched postulates developed by accretion over many years and now generally accepted in the economic and demographic research, postulates revolving around the concept of Malthusian stagnation and around a transition from stagnation to growth. The study presented here and earlier similar publications show that these postulates need to be replaced by interpretations based on the mathematical analysis of data and on the correct understanding of hyperbolic distributions .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  \pm  Although the existence of such an interaction was predicted more than two decades ago (Marko and Siggia, Macromol.
Revised:  \pm 10 nm for the twist-bend coupling constant. Our simulations are in good agreement with high-resolution, magnetic-tweezers torque data. Although the existence of such an interaction was predicted more than two decades ago (Marko and Siggia, Macromol.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: The objective is either to design an appropriate securities lending auction mechanismor to come up with a strategy for placing bids , depending on which side of the fence a participant sits .
Revised: We derive valuations of a portfolio of financial instruments from a securities lending perspective, under different assumptions, and show a weighting scheme that converges to the true valuation. This valuation can be useful either to derive a bidding strategy for an exclusive auction or to design an appropriate securities lending auction mechanismor to come up with a strategy for placing bids , depending on which side of the fence a participant sits .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: The objective is either to design an appropriate securities lending auction mechanismor to come up with a strategy for placing bids , depending on which side of the fence a participant sits . There are two pieces to this puzzle. One is the valuation of the portfolio being auctioned subject to the available information set. The other piece would be to come up with the best strategy from an auction perspective once a valuation has been obtained. We derive valuations under different assumptions and show a weighting scheme that converges to the true valuation. We extend auction theory results to be more applicable to financial securities and intermediaries. All the propositions are new results and they refer to existing results which are given as Lemmas without proof.
Revised: The objective is either to design an appropriate securities lending auction mechanismor to come up with a strategy for placing bids , depending on which side of the fence a participant sits (whether the interest is to procure the rights to use a portfolio for making stock loans such as for a lending desk, or, to obtain additional revenue from a portfolio such as from the point of view of a long only asset management firm).
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This valuation can be useful either to derive a bidding strategy for an exclusive auction or to design an appropriate auction mechanism, depending on which side of the fence a participant sits (whether the interest is to procure the rights to use a portfolio for making stock loans such as for a lending desk, or, to obtain additional revenue from a portfolio such as from the point of view of a long only asset management firm).
Revised:  We illustrate conditions under which our alternative weighting scheme converges faster to the true valuation when compared to the minimum variance weighting. This weighting scheme is applicable in any situation where multiple forecasts are made and we need a methodology to combine them. Our valuations can be useful either to derive a bidding strategy for an exclusive auction or to design an appropriate auction mechanism, depending on which side of the fence a participant sits (whether the interest is to procure the rights to use a portfolio for making stock loans such as for a lending desk, or, to obtain additional revenue from a portfolio such as from the point of view of a long only asset management firm).
Edit intent: meaning-changed