wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  We consider a financial market consists of a riskless asset and a risky stock with price process modelled by a geometric generalized G-Brownian motion, which features the drift uncertainty and volatility uncertainty of the stock price process.
Revised:  We consider a financial market consisting of a riskless asset and a risky stock with price process modelled by a geometric generalized G-Brownian motion, which features the drift uncertainty and volatility uncertainty of the stock price process.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The full nonlinear PDE is derived to describe the bid (resp. ask) price dynamic of the claims. Monotone characteristic finite difference schemes for the nonlinear PDE are given,  and the simulations of the bid (resp. ask) prices of contingent claims with uncertainty are implemented.
Revised:  The full nonlinear PDE is derived to describe the bid (resp. ask) price process of the claim. Monotone implicit characteristic finite difference schemes for the nonlinear PDE are given, and the simulations of the bid (resp. ask) prices of contingent claims with uncertainty are implemented.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Monotone characteristic finite difference schemes for the nonlinear PDE are given,  and the simulations of the bid (resp. ask) prices of contingent claims with uncertainty are implemented.
Revised:  Monotone characteristic finite difference schemes for the nonlinear PDE are given, nonlinear iterative schemes are constructed, and the simulations of the bid (resp. ask) prices of contingent claims with uncertainty are implemented.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  The first algorithm, for instance, enables the SUs to reach 99.19\% of the throughput obtained by the optimal SM while providing an acceptable level of fairness among the SUs. The structure and performance of the proposed SM setting schemes are discussed in detail and a set of illustrative simulation results is presented to validate their performance .
Revised:  The structure and performance of the proposed SM setting schemes are discussed in detail and a set of illustrative simulation results is presented to validate their performance .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate a backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment that is easy to implement and is regarding accuracy comparable with the method of Belomestny et. al. (2009)  .
Revised:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate the backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment that is easy to implement and is regarding accuracy comparable with the method of Belomestny et. al. (2009) .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate a backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment that is easy to implement and is regarding accuracy comparable with the method of Belomestny et. al. (2009)  .
Revised:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate a backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment at well known benchmark examples. It turns out that the method is at least comparable to the one in Belomestny et. al. (2009) .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate a backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment that is easy to implement and is regarding accuracy comparable with the method of Belomestny et. al. (2009)  .
Revised:  In a first numerical study we demonstrate a backward dual regression algorithm in a Wiener environment that is easy to implement and is regarding accuracy comparable with the method of Belomestny et. al. (2009) regarding accuracy, but regarding computational robustness there are even several advantages .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: DNA based nanostructures built on a long single stranded DNA scaffold, known as DNA origamis, are nowadays the basis of many applications. These applications range from the control of single-molecule chemical reaction networks to URLanization at the nanometer scale of various molecules including proteins and carbon nanotubes.
Revised: DNA based nanostructures built on a long single stranded DNA scaffold, known as DNA origamis, offer the possibility URLanize various molecules at the nanometer scale of various molecules including proteins and carbon nanotubes.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  These applications range from the control of single-molecule chemical reaction networks to URLanization at the nanometer scale of various molecules including proteins and carbon nanotubes. However, many basic questions concerning the mechanisms of formation of the origamis have not been addressed so far. For instance, the robustness of different designs against factors, such as the internal topology, or the influence of the staple pattern, are handled empirically.
Revised:  These applications range from the control of single-molecule chemical reaction networks to URLanization at the nanometer scale in one pot experiments. The folding of the scaffold is guaranteed by the presence of short, single stranded DNA sequences (staples), that hold together separate regions of the scaffold. In this paper, we modelize the annealing-melting properties of these DNA constructions. The model captures important features such as the internal topology, or the influence of the staple pattern, are handled empirically.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  For instance, the robustness of different designs against factors, such as the internal topology, or the influence of the staple pattern, are handled empirically. We have built a model for the folding and melting processes of DNA origamis that is able to reproduce accurately several thermodynamic quantities measurable from UV absorption experiments. The model can also be used to design a new distribution of crossovers that increases the robustness of the DNA template. The model provides predictions among which a few of them have been already successfully verified. Therefore, in spite of its complexity we propose an algorithm that gives the capability to design and fabricate templates with dedicated properties, a necessary step for technological development .
Revised:  For instance, the robustness of different designs against factors, such as the hysteresis between melting and annealing, as well as the dependence upon the topology of the scaffold. We show that cooperativity between staples is critical to quantitatively explain the folding process of DNA origamis .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Earlier, we developed a network information flow framework and implemented it as a web application, called ITM Probe. Given a context consisting of one or more user-selected nodes, ITM Probe retrieves other network nodes most related to that context. Although ITM Probe has several desirable features such as requiring neither restriction to subnetwork of interest nor additional and possibly noisy information, it still has a few limitations. For example, users can only query pre-compiled protein interaction networks. Also, manipulating the layout of significant subnetworks is non-trivial. Most importantly, it is difficult to integrate the results of ITM Probe within workflowsinvolving other analysis methods. To resolve these difficulties. we developed CytoITMprobe, a  Cytoscape plugin.
Revised: To provide the Cytoscape users the possibility of integrating ITM Probe into their workflows, we developed CytoITMprobe, a Cytoscape plugin.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Users can control the composition and appearance of the subnetwork . Saving results as node and network attributes, CytoITMprobe allows Cytoscape users to manipulate and visualize context-specific information in a manner more flexible than its web predecessor .
Revised:  Users can control the composition and appearance of the subnetwork and interchange their ITM Probe results with other software tools through tab-delimited files. The main strength of CytoITMprobe is its flexibility. It allows the user to specify as input any Cytoscape network, rather than being restricted to the pre-compiled protein-protein interaction networks available through the ITM Probe web service. Users may supply their own edge weights and directionalities. Consequently, as opposed to ITM Probe web service, CytoITMprobe can be applied to many other domains of network-based research beyond protein-networks .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: In this work we define a multivariate semi-Markov process. We derive an explicit expression for the transition probability of this multivariate semi-Markov process in the discrete time case. We apply this multivariate model to the study of the counterparty credit risk , with regard to correlation in a CDS contract.
Revised: We consider the problem of constructing an appropriate multivariate model for the study of the counterparty credit risk , with regard to correlation in a CDS contract.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We apply this multivariate model to the study of the counterparty credit risk , with regard to correlation in a CDS contract. The financial crisis has stressed the importance of the study of the correlation in the financial market .
Revised:  We apply this multivariate model to the study of the counterparty credit risk in credit rating migration problem. For this financial problem different multivariate Markov chain models were proposed. However the markovian assumption may be inappropriate for the study of the correlation in the financial market .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In this regard, the study of the risk of default of the counterparty in any financial contract has become crucial in the credit risk . Many works has been done to trying to describe the counterparty risk in a CDS contract, but all this work are based on the Markovian approach to risk. In the our opinion this kind of model are too restrictive, because they require that the distribuction function of the waiting times has to be exponential or geometric, for discrete time. In the our model, we describe the evolution of credit rating of the financial subjects like a multivariate semi-Markov model, so we allow for arbitrarily distributed sojourn time.
Revised:  In this regard, the study of the counterparty credit risk by defining a new multivariate semi-Markov model, so we allow for arbitrarily distributed sojourn time.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the our model, we describe the evolution of credit rating of the financial subjects like a multivariate semi-Markov model, so we allow for arbitrarily distributed sojourn time. The age state dependency, typical of the semi-Markov environment, allow us to insert the correlation in a dynamical way. In particular, suppose that A is a default-free bondholder and C is the relative firm. The bondholder buy protection against C's default by another defaultable subject, say B the protection seller. Our model describe the evolution of the credit rating of the couple B and C. We admit for simultaneus default of C and B, the single default of C or single default of B .
Revised:  In the our model, we describe the evolution of credit rating of the financial subjects like a multivariate semi-Markov chain model. Methods are given for computing the transition probabilities, reliability functions and the price of a risky Credit Default Swap .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: Activation cascades are prevalent in cell signalling mechanisms . We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Revised: Activation cascades are a prevalent feature in cellular mechanisms for signal transduction. Here we study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Revised:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and obtain analytical solutions in terms of lower incomplete gamma functions. We show that in the special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Revised:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important case of optimal gain cascades (i.e., when all the deactivation rates are identical) the downstream output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented analytically as a function of the input and a lower incomplete gamma function. We also show that if the inactivation rate of a single component is altered, the change induced at the output is independent of the position in the cascade of the modified component. We use our analytical results to show how one can reduce the number of equations and parameters in ODE models of cell signalling cascades, and how delay differential equation models can sometimes be approximated through the use of simple expressions involving the incomplete gamma function.
Revised:  We study the classic model of linear activation cascades and find that in special but important cases the output of an entire cascade can be represented exactly as a single nonlinear module containing an incomplete gamma function with parameters dependent on the input signal as well as the rates and length of the cascade. Our results can be used to represent optimal cascades efficiently by reducing the number of equations and parameters in computational ODE models under a variety of inputs. If the requirement for strict optimality is relaxed (under random deactivation rates), we show that the reduced representation can also reproduce the observed variability of downstream responses. In addition, we show that cascades can be rearranged so that homogeneous blocks can be lumped and represented by incomplete gamma functions. We also illustrate how the reduced representation can be used to fit data; in particular, the length of the cascade appears as a real-valued parameter and can thus be fitted in the same manner as Hill coefficients. Finally, we use our results to show how one can reduce the number of equations and parameters in ODE models of cell signalling cascades, and how delay differential equation models can sometimes be approximated through the use of simple expressions involving the incomplete gamma function.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We use our analytical results to show how one can reduce the number of equations and parameters in ODE models of cell signalling cascades, and how delay differential equation models can sometimes be approximated through the use of simple expressions involving the incomplete gamma function.
Revised:  We use our analytical results to show how one can reduce the number of equations and parameters in ODE models of cell signalling cascades, and how delay differential equation models can be approximated with the use of simple expressions involving the incomplete gamma function.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved through stochastic fluctuations of chiral-selective reaction rate parameters  . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can undergo stochastic fluctuations about their mean values.
Revised: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved exclusively through chiral-selective reaction rate parameters . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can undergo stochastic fluctuations about their mean values.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved through stochastic fluctuations of chiral-selective reaction rate parameters  . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can undergo stochastic fluctuations about their mean values.
Revised: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved through stochastic fluctuations of chiral-selective reaction rate parameters without any other explicit mechanism for chiral bias . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can undergo stochastic fluctuations about their mean values.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved through stochastic fluctuations of chiral-selective reaction rate parameters  . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can undergo stochastic fluctuations about their mean values. Varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved  . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved via simple stochastic processes .
Revised: We investigate the possibility that prebiotic homochirality can be achieved through stochastic fluctuations of chiral-selective reaction rate parameters . Specifically, we examine an open network of polymerization reactions, where the reaction rates can have chiral-selective values. The reactions are neither autocatalytic nor do they contain explicit enantiomeric cross-inhibition terms. We are thus investigating how rare a set of chiral-selective reaction rates needs to be in order to generate a reasonable amount of chiral bias. We quantify our results adopting a statistical approach: varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved via simple stochastic processes .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved  . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved via simple stochastic processes .
Revised:  Varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved with fairly small chiral bias, below 10\% . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved via simple stochastic processes .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved  . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved via simple stochastic processes .
Revised:  Varying both the mean value and the rms dispersion of the relevant reaction rates, we show that moderate to high levels of chiral excess can be achieved . Considering the various unknowns related to prebiotic chemical networks in early Earth and the dependence of reaction rates to environmental properties such as temperature and pressure variations, we argue that homochirality could have been achieved from moderate amounts of chiral selectivity in the reaction rates .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Secondary bone cancer (SBC) is a complex disease  characterized by intricate molecular mechanisms. Metastasis of primary breast cancer and prostate cancer cells is the main cause of SBC. Towards our goal of identifying SBC-specific targets , we use a strategy based on protein interactome analysis and gene ontologies. First, we compiled a well-curated dataset of 83 SBC genes(SBCGs). Further, we constructed protein interactome comprising of proteins known to be involved in generic cancer mechanisms and also for those implicated in SBC mechanisms. We hypothesize that these protein interaction networks embody mechanisms and processes that are relevant in generic cancers and those specific to SBC, respectively.
Revised:  Secondary bone cancer (SBC) is a complex disease characterized by intricate interplay of molecular interactions. Identification of targets for multifactorial diseases such as SBC, the most frequent complication of breast and those specific to SBC, respectively.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We hypothesize that these protein interaction networks embody mechanisms and processes that are relevant in generic cancers and those specific to SBC, respectively. We , then, identified targets specific to SBC by combining key cancer-related genes , SBCGs and ontologically significant genes. These targets, apart from being ontologically relevant to SBC , are critical in the topology and dynamics of generic cancer mechanisms. Further, we refined the targets for SBC-specificity by filtering out the genes involved in primary bone cancer , any other type of cancer or any other known disease.
Revised:  We hypothesize that these protein interaction networks embody mechanisms and processes that are relevant in generic cancers and prostate cancers, is a challenge. Towards achieving our aim of identification of targets specific to SBC, we constructed a 'Cancer Genes Network', a representative protein interactome of cancer genes. Using graph theoretical methods, we obtained a set of key genes that are relevant for generic mechanisms of cancers and have a role in biological essentiality. We also compiled a curated dataset of 391 SBC genes involved in primary bone cancer , any other type of cancer or any other known disease.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Further, we refined the targets for SBC-specificity by filtering out the genes involved in primary bone cancer , any other type of cancer or any other known disease.
Revised:  Further, we refined the targets for SBC-specificity by filtering out the genes from published literature which serves as a basis of ontological correlates of secondary bone cancer. Building on these results, we implement a strategy based on generic cancer genes , any other type of cancer or any other known disease.
Edit intent: meaning-changed