wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original: Despite various collaborative software that supports expressing ideas, people still largely prefer physical notebooks or whiteboards. The reason is that they provide free-form expressions, co-presence of all participants and easy collaboration. However, when working with remote participants, people often choose the convenience of video conferencing, perhaps with screen sharing. We propose CollaboVR, an open-source reconfigurable framework for distributed and co-located multi-user communication in Virtual Reality.
Revised: Mixed Reality (MR) enables users to explore a wonderland which is not realizable in the physical world. This provides users with the chance to communicate in many different ways. We present our MR multi-user communication in Virtual Reality.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We propose CollaboVR, an open-source reconfigurable framework for distributed and co-located multi-user communication in Virtual Reality. We tested CollaboVR with an application that lets participants create freehand drawings and 3D objects, while allowing participants to adjust two key variables: (1) User arrangement (participants adjust the location of their views of other participants) and (2) Input orientation (participants adjust the input to be vertical or horizontal). Preliminary user studies show that CollaboVR is a useful collaborative tool . Users report that some user arrangements and input orientations work best for brainstorming, while others work best for presentation or collaborative refinement of designs .
Revised:  We propose CollaboVR, an open-source reconfigurable framework for distributed and co-located multi-user workstation system to investigate how different configurations of participants and content affect communication between people in the same immersive environment. We implemented mirrored face-to-face communication, side-by-side communication and eyes-free communication by using the presentation tool Chalktalk as the content creation server and designing a multi-user MR environment. We have conducted a preliminary user study for our mirrored face-to-face configuration, evaluating with respect to one-to-one interaction, focus shift and eye-contact. We provide experimental results and interview responses .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: Mixed Reality (MR) enables users to explore a wonderland which is not realizable in the physical world. This provides users with the chance to communicate in many different ways. We present our MR multi-user workstation system to investigate how different configurations of participants and content affect communication between people in the same immersive environment. We implemented mirrored face-to-face communication, side-by-side communication and eyes-free communication by using the presentation tool Chalktalk as the contentcreation server and designing a multi-user MRenvironment.
Revised: Teaching that uses projected presentation media such as slide-shows lacks support for dynamic content whose form and behaviors require live changes during a lecture. Recent software alternatives such as the Chalktalk software platform allow the creation of interactive simulations in arbitrary sequences and combinations within presentations. These more dynamic solutions, however, do not optimize for face-to-face communication, side-by-side communication and eyes-free communication by using the presentation tool Chalktalk as the contentcreation server and designing a multi-user MRenvironment.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We implemented mirrored face-to-face communication, side-by-side communication and eyes-free communication by using the presentation tool Chalktalk as the contentcreation server and designing a multi-user MRenvironment. We have conducted a preliminary user study for our mirrored face-to-face configuration, evaluating with respect to one-to-one interaction, focus shift and eye-contact.
Revised:  We implemented mirrored face-to-face interactions: eye-contact, gaze direction, and concurrent awareness of another person's movements together with the presented content. To explore the extent to which these face-to-face configuration, evaluating with respect to one-to-one interaction, focus shift and eye-contact.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We have conducted a preliminary user study for our mirrored face-to-face configuration, evaluating with respect to one-to-one interaction, focus shift and eye-contact. We provide experimental results and interview responses .
Revised:  We have conducted a preliminary user study for our mirrored face-to-face interactions may improve learning and engagement during a lecture, we propose a Mixed Reality (MR) platform that places Chalktalk's behaviors and simulations within a mirrored virtual world environment designed for face-to-face, one-on-one interactions. We compare our system with projected Chalktalk to evaluate its relative effectiveness for learning, retention, and level of engagement .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: This article introduces AI2D-RST, a multimodal corpus of 1000 English-language diagrams that represent topics in primary school natural science , such as food webs, life cycles, moon phases and human physiology.
Revised: This article introduces AI2D-RST, a multimodal corpus of 1000 English-language diagrams that represent topics in primary school natural sciences , such as food webs, life cycles, moon phases and human physiology.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The corpus is based on the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence Diagrams (AI2D) dataset, a collection of diagrams with crowd-sourced descriptions, which was originally developed for computational tasks such as automatic diagram understanding and visual question answering.
Revised:  The corpus is based on the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence Diagrams (AI2D) dataset, a collection of diagrams with crowd-sourced descriptions, which was originally developed to support research on automatic diagram understanding and visual question answering.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we re-analyse the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as explored in Menkveld and Zoican 14 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Revised: In this paper we extend the investigation into the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as explored in Menkveld and Zoican 14 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we re-analyse the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as explored in Menkveld and Zoican 14 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Revised: In this paper we re-analyse the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as introduced in Menkveld and Zoican 14 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we re-analyse the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as explored in Menkveld and Zoican 14 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Revised: In this paper we re-analyse the transition from sure to probabilistic sniping as explored in Menkveld and Zoican \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD mz2017 . In that paper, the authors introduce a stylized version of a competitive game in which high frequency traders (HFTs) interact with each other and liquidity traders.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium  , transition
Revised:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium , transition
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium  , transition
Revised:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD mz2017 Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium , transition
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium  , transition
Revised:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, bandits, high-frequency exchange, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium , transition
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium  , transition
Revised:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, sniping , subgame-perfect equilibrium , transition
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium  , transition
Revised:  In particular, we identify situations in which probabilistic sniping is genuinely profitable that are qualitatively different from the ones obtained in 14 . Keywords: algorithmic trading, sniping, electronic exchange, high-frequency traders, Nash equilibrium, repeated games, bandits , subgame-perfect equilibrium , Sequential probability ratio , transition
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Above the upper boundary of this interval there is a four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary  state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant stationary asymptotic value V_{st of the neuron potential.
Revised:  Above the upper boundary of this interval , there is four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant stationary asymptotic value V_{st of the neuron potential.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Above the upper boundary of this interval there is a four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary  state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant stationary asymptotic value V_{st of the neuron potential.
Revised:  Above the upper boundary of this interval there is a four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary dynamic state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant stationary asymptotic value V_{st of the neuron potential.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Above the upper boundary of this interval there is a four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary  state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant stationary asymptotic value V_{st of the neuron potential.
Revised:  Above the upper boundary of this interval there is a four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant asymptotic value of the neuron potential.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison (i.e. without any fitting) of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping.
Revised:  Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison (i.e. without any fitting) of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping. This allows to explore quantitatively the applicability boundary of linear stability analysis that implies exponential damping.
Revised:  Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison (i.e. without any fitting) of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping.
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Our research is a step toward understanding when explanations of AI-driven hints and feedback are useful in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)  .
Revised: Our research is a step toward understanding when explanations of AI-driven hints and feedback are useful in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) . We added an explanation functionality for the adaptive hints provided by the Adaptive CSP (ACSP) applet, an interactive simulation that helps students learn an algorithm for constraint satisfaction problems by providing AI-driven hints adapted to their predicted level of learning. We present the design of the explanation functionality and the results of a controlled study to evaluate its impact on students' learning and perception of the ACPS hints. The study includes an analysis of how these outcomes are modulated by several user characteristics such as personality traits and cognitive abilities, to asses if explanations should be personalized to these characteristics. Our results indicate that providing explanations increase students' trust in the ACPS hints, perceived usefulness of the hints, and intention to use them again. In addition, we show that students' access of the explanation and learning gains are modulated by user characteristics, providing insights toward designing personalized Explainable AI (XAI) for ITS .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Programming language designers commonly guess what language designs would be best for their users and create languages accordingly. The outcome of this is languages that are difficult to use and error-prone. In particular, blockchain programs have been plagued by serious bugs. Although techniques from the theory of programming languages can detect many of these kinds of bugs, languages that use these techniques have been too difficult for programmersto use effectively. We have developed Obsidian, which integrates a strong, static type system that detects many of these bugs, using a new user-centered design approach.
Revised: Programming language design requires making many usability-related design decisions. We explored using user-centered design approach.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We have developed Obsidian, which integrates a strong, static type system that detects many of these bugs, using a new user-centered design approach. In this paper, we describe the formative and summative methods we have developed for user-centered design of programming languages and how we have applied them to create Obsidian. This includes a usability study, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our design methods to obtain a usable language .
Revised:  We have developed Obsidian, which integrates a strong, static type system that detects many of these bugs, using a new user-centered methods to make languages more effective for programmers. However, existing HCI methods expect iteration with appropriate users, who must learn to use the language to be evaluated. These methods were impractical to apply to programming languages: they have high iteration costs, programmers require significant learning time, and user performance has high variance. To address these problems, we adapted HCI methods to reduce iteration and training costs and designed tasks and analyses that mitigated the high variance. We evaluated the methods by using them to design two languages for professional developers. Glacier extends Java to enable programmers to express immutability properties effectively and easily. Obsidian is a language for blockchains that includes verification of critical safety properties. Summative usability studies showed that programmers were able to program effectively in both languages after short training periods .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  However, existing HCI methods expect iteration with appropriate users, who must learn to use the language to be evaluated. These methods were impractical to apply to programming languages: they have high iteration costs, programmers require significant learning time, and user performance has high variance.
Revised:  However, existing HCI methods can be impractical to apply to programming languages: they have high iteration costs, programmers require significant learning time, and user performance has high variance.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  To address these problems, we adapted  HCI methods to reduce iteration and training costs and designed tasks and analyses that mitigated the high variance. We evaluated the methods by using them to design two languages for professional developers . Glacier extends Java to enable programmers to express immutability properties effectively and easily.
Revised:  To address these problems, we adapted HCI methods to make them more suitable for programming language design. We integrated these methods into a new process, PLIERS, for designing programming languages in a user-centered way. We evaluated PLIERS by using it to design two languages for professional developers . Glacier extends Java to enable programmers to express immutability properties effectively and easily.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Wrist-worn wearable devices such as smartwatches and smartbands became ubiquitous. They are equipped with photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors which enable to extract heart rate variability (HRV) features.
Revised:  Ubiquitous wrist-worn wearable devices are equipped with photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors which enable to extract heart rate variability (HRV) features.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Then, we study jump discontinuities of the network equilibria when the exogenous flows cross a certain critical region consisting of the union of finitely many linear submanifolds of co-dimension 1. This is of particular interest in the financial systems context, as it shows that even small shocks affecting the values of the assets of few nodes, can trigger catastrophic aggregated loss to the system and cause the default of several agents  .
Revised:  Then, we study jump discontinuities of the network equilibria when the exogenous flows cross certain regions of measure 0 representable as graphs of continuous functions. Finally, we discuss some implications of our results in the two main motivating applications. In financial networks, this bifurcation phenomenon is responsible for how small shocks in the assets of a few nodes can trigger major aggregate losses to the system and cause the default of several agents .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This is of particular interest in the financial systems context, as it shows that even small shocks affecting the values of the assets of few nodes, can trigger catastrophic aggregated loss to the system and cause the default of several agents  .
Revised:  This is of particular interest in the financial systems context, as it shows that even small shocks affecting the values of the assets of few nodes, can trigger catastrophic aggregated loss to the system and cause the default of several agents . In constrained quadratic network games, it induces a blow-up behavior of the sensitivity of Nash equilibria with respect to the individual benefits .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  For a pair of models, we compute the similarity of the k-nearest neighbors of every embedded object , and visualize the results as Local Neighborhood Dominoes: small multiples that facilitate rapid comparisons. Using case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and how training data differences affect two seemingly similar models  .
Revised:  For a pair of models, we compute the similarity of the k-nearest neighbors of every embedded object between a pair of spaces. Through case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and how training data differences affect two seemingly similar models .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Using case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and how training data differences affect two seemingly similar models  .
Revised:  Using case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and differences between seemingly similar models .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Using case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and how training data differences affect two seemingly similar models  .
Revised:  Using case studies, we illustrate the types of insights the Embedding Comparator reveals including how fine-tuning embeddings changes semantics, how language changes over time, and how training data differences affect two seemingly similar models . In evaluations with 15 participants, we find our system accelerates comparisons by shifting from laborious manual specification to browsing and manipulating visualizations .
Edit intent: meaning-changed