wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  We allow for a rich structure of heterogeneity: Individuals may differ in their beliefs concerning the economy, information and learning mechanism, risk aversion, impatience (time preference rate) and degree of habits .
Revised:  We allow for a rich structure of heterogeneity: Individuals may differ in their beliefs concerning the economy, information and learning mechanism, risk aversion, impatience and 'catching up with Joneses' preferences .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with the mixing coefficient\beta_{mix=}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \{(J^{2+\delta' \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. }  We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Revised:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with =}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \{(J^{2+\delta' \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. } We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with the mixing coefficient\beta_{mix=}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \{(J^{2+\delta' \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. }  We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Revised:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with the mixing coefficient\beta_{mix=}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. } We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with the mixing coefficient\beta_{mix=}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \{(J^{2+\delta' \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. }  We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Revised:  (the former scheme with some time dependence measure \cx^*(\ct)) or \log J /{T} = \Co(1) (the latter scheme with the mixing coefficient\beta_{mix=}%DIFDELCMD < \CO%%% \{(J^{2+\delta' \log J T)^{-1}\}, \delta' >0. } some upper bounded mixing coefficient). We quantify the interplay between the estimators' consistency rate and the time dependence level, discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection, and also prove a general cross-validation result justifying this.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% that the tail of the equilibrium queue size decays doubly exponentially in the limit as N goes to infinity. This is a substantial improvement over the case D=1, where the queue size decays exponentially. The reasoning in 16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% does not easily generalize to jobs with nonexponential service time distributions.
Revised:  16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% 16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% does not easily generalize to jobs with nonexponential service time distributions.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The reasoning in 16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% does not easily generalize to jobs with nonexponential service time distributions. A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. 4%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% . The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N goes to infinity.
Revised:  The reasoning in 16%DIFDELCMD < ] %%% 4%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% . The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N goes to infinity.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. 4%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% . The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N goes to infinity.
Revised:  A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. %DIFDELCMD < ]%%% . The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N goes to infinity.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. 4%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% . The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N goes to infinity. This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. 5%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% , including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate.
Revised:  A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. 4%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% 5%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% , including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. 5%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% , including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate.
Revised:  This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. %DIFDELCMD < ]%%% , including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. 5%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% , including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate. In this article, we investigate the limiting behavior, as N goes to infinity, of the equilibrium at a queue when the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a power law with a given exponent -\beta, for \beta > 1. We show under the above ansatz that, as N goes to infinity , the tail of the equilibrium queue size exhibits a wide range of behavior depending on the relationship between \beta and D.
Revised:  This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. 5%DIFDELCMD < ]%%% \alpha<1, with rate-1 service at each queue. When the service at queues is exponentially distributed, it was shown in Vvedenskaya et al. [Probl. Inf. Transm. 32 (1996) 15-29] that the tail of the equilibrium queue size decays doubly exponentially in the limit as N\rightarrow\infty. This is a substantial improvement over the case D=1, where the queue size decays exponentially. The reasoning in [Probl. Inf. Transm. 32 (1996) 15-29] does not easily generalize to jobs with nonexponential service time distributions. A modularized program for treating general service time distributions was introduced in Bramson et al. [In Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS (2010) 275-286]. The program relies on an ansatz that asserts, in equilibrium, any fixed number of queues become independent of one another as N\rightarrow\infty. This ansatz was demonstrated in several settings in Bramson et al. [Queueing Syst. 71 (2012) 247-292], including for networks where the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a decreasing hazard rate. In this article, we investigate the limiting behavior, as N\rightarrow \infty, of the equilibrium at a queue when the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a power law with a given exponent -\beta, for \beta> 1. We show under the above ansatz that, as N goes to infinity , the tail of the equilibrium queue size exhibits a wide range of behavior depending on the relationship between \beta and D.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In this article, we investigate the limiting behavior, as N goes to infinity, of the equilibrium at a queue when the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a power law with a given exponent -\beta, for \beta > 1. We show under the above ansatz that, as N goes to infinity , the tail of the equilibrium queue size exhibits a wide range of behavior depending on the relationship between \beta and D.
Revised:  In this article, we investigate the limiting behavior, as N goes to infinity, of the equilibrium at a queue when the service discipline is FIFO and the service time distribution has a power law with a given exponent -\beta, for \beta > 1. We show under the above ansatz that, as N \rightarrow\infty , the tail of the equilibrium queue size exhibits a wide range of behavior depending on the relationship between \beta and D.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We propose the following theorem. A market for derivatives, which has all the features of a perfect market except completeness and has some risk neutral investors, may exhibit almost surely extreme price movements which represent a violation to the Gaussian random walk hypothesis.
Revised:  We find that a market for derivatives, which has all the features of a perfect market except completeness and has some risk neutral investors, may exhibit almost surely extreme price movements which represent a violation to the Gaussian random walk hypothesis.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The theorem implies that prices are not always good approximations of the fundamental values of derivatives, and that extreme price movements like price peaks or crashes may have endogenous origin and happen with a higher-than-normal frequency.
Revised:  Our findings imply that prices are not always good approximations of the fundamental values of derivatives, and that extreme price movements like price peaks or crashes may have endogenous origin and happen with a higher-than-normal frequency.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The key to our utility indifference argument is to equate the maximised a posterior utility, after paying certain cost for the information, with the a posterior expectation of the utility based on the a priori optimal strategy.
Revised:  The key to our utility indifference argument is to equate the maximised a posterior utility, after paying certain cost for the information, with the a posterior expectation of the utility based on the a priori optimal strategy.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  A detailed discussion of the transfer entropy between  DAX and S&P500 indices based on minute tick data gathered in the period from 02.04.2008 to 11.09.2009 is also provided.
Revised:  A detailed discussion of the transfer entropy between the DAX and S&P500 indices based on minute tick data gathered in the period from 02.04.2008 to 11.09.2009 is also provided.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Our analysis shows that the bivariate information flow between world markets is strongly asymmetric with a distinct information surplus flowing from the Asia-Pacific region both to Europe and the U.S. markets. Important, yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between  DAX and S&P500  .
Revised:  Our analysis shows that the bivariate information flow between world markets is strongly asymmetric with a distinct information surplus flowing from the Asia-Pacific region to both European and US markets. An important yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between DAX and S&P500 .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Important, yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between  DAX and S&P500  .
Revised:  Important, yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between the DAX and S&P500 .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Important, yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between  DAX and S&P500  .
Revised:  Important, yet less dramatic excess of information also flows from Europe to the U. S. This is particularly clearly seen from a careful analysis of Renyi information flow between DAX and S&P500 indices .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper we investigate model-independent bounds for exotic options written on a risky asset using infinite-dimensional linear programming methods. Using arguments from the theory of Monge-Kantorovich mass-transport we establish a dual version of the problem that has a natural financial interpretation in terms of semi-static hedging  .
Revised: In this paper we investigate model-independent bounds for exotic options written on a risky asset . Based on arguments from the theory of Monge-Kantorovich mass-transport we establish a dual version of the problem that has a natural financial interpretation in terms of semi-static hedging .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Using arguments from the theory of Monge-Kantorovich mass-transport we establish a dual version of the problem that has a natural financial interpretation in terms of semi-static hedging  .
Revised:  Using arguments from the theory of Monge-Kantorovich mass-transport we establish a dual version of the problem that has a natural financial interpretation in terms of semi-static hedging . In particular we prove that there is no duality gap .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step  risk mappings.
Revised: This paper compares two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step risk mappings.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step  risk mappings.
Revised: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks recently introduced in the literature for measuring risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step risk mappings.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step  risk mappings.
Revised: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period setting. The first corresponds to applying a single coherent risk measure to the cumulative future costs, while the second involves applying a composition of one-step risk mappings.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step  risk mappings.
Revised: In this paper , we investigate two different frameworks for assessing the risk in a multi-period decision process: a dynamically inconsistent formulation (whereby a single , static risk measure is applied to the entire sequence of future costs), and a dynamically consistent one, obtained by suitably composing one-step coherent risk mappings.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We characterize the class of dynamically consistent measures that provide a tight approximation for a given inconsistent measure , and discuss how the approximation factors can be computed. For the case where the consistent measures are given by Average Value-at-Risk, we derive a polynomial-time algorithm for approximating an arbitrary inconsistent distortion measure.
Revised:  We summarize the relative strengths of the two methods, characterize several necessary and sufficient conditions under which one of the measurements always dominates the other, and introduce a metric to quantify how close the two risk measures are. Using this notion, we address the question of how tightly a given coherent measure can be approximated by lower or upper-bounding compositional measures. We exhibit an interesting asymmetry between the two cases: the tightest possible upper-bound can be exactly characterized, and corresponds to a popular construction in the literature, while the tightest-possible lower bound is not readily available. We show that testing domination and computing the approximation factors is generally NP-hard, even when the risk measures in question are comonotonic and law-invariant. However, we characterize conditions and discuss several examples where polynomial-time algorithm for approximating an arbitrary inconsistent distortion measure.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  For the case where the consistent measures are given by Average Value-at-Risk, we derive a polynomial-time algorithm for approximating an arbitrary inconsistent distortion measure. We also present exact analytical bounds for the case where the dynamically inconsistent measureis also given by Average Value-at-Risk, and briefly discuss managerial implications in multi-period risk-assessment processes  .
Revised:  For the case where the consistent measures are given by Average Value-at-Risk, we derive a polynomial-time algorithms are possible. One such case is the well-known Conditional Value-at-Risk measure, which is further explored in our companion paper .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We also present exact analytical bounds for the case where the dynamically inconsistent measureis also given by Average Value-at-Risk, and briefly discuss managerial implications in multi-period risk-assessment processes  .
Revised:  We also present exact analytical bounds for the case where the dynamically inconsistent measureis also given by Average Value-at-Risk, and briefly discuss managerial implications in multi-period risk-assessment processes Huang, Iancu, Petrik and Subramanian, "Static and Dynamic Conditional Value at Risk" (2012) .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  A necessary condition for the validity of this approach in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) is the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation .
Revised:  This decoupling assumption results from mean field convergence and is generally true in transient regime in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) is the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  A necessary condition for the validity of this approach in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) is the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation .
Revised:  A necessary condition for the validity of this approach in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) , but, contrary to widespread belief, may not necessarily hold in stationary regime. The issue is often related with the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  A necessary condition for the validity of this approach in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) is the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation . However , it was also recently pointed out that this condition is not sufficient;
Revised:  A necessary condition for the validity of this approach in the asymptotic sense (when the number of wireless nodes tends to infinity) is the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fixed point equation ; however , it was also recently pointed out that this condition is not sufficient;
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The scaling of the return with the standard deviation collapses the probabilities of all markets considered , and also for different time horizons, into single curves, suggesting that first-passage statistics is market independent (at least for high-frequency data).
Revised:  The scaling of the return with the standard deviation collapses the probabilities of all markets examined , and also for different time horizons, into single curves, suggesting that first-passage statistics is market independent (at least for high-frequency data).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, still shows a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a diffusion-like dynamics . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for a phenomenological description of first-passage time properties  .
Revised:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, shows, away from the center and tails of the distribution, a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a diffusion-like dynamics . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for a phenomenological description of first-passage time properties .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, still shows a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a diffusion-like dynamics . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for a phenomenological description of first-passage time properties  .
Revised:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, still shows a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a Markovian dynamics albeit the existence of memory in markets . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for a phenomenological description of first-passage time properties .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, still shows a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a diffusion-like dynamics . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for a phenomenological description of first-passage time properties  .
Revised:  On the other hand, a very closely related quantity, the survival probability, still shows a hyperbolic t^{-1/2} decay typical of a diffusion-like dynamics . Modifications of the Weibull and Student distributions are good candidates for the phenomenological description of first-passage time properties .
Edit intent: fluency