wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic Meanwhile, the unequal distribution of the impacts of climate change and the resulting inequity and unfairness on the poor who contribute least to the problem have linked the issue of climate change with development study,Adger, W.N., Paavola, Y., Huq, S. and Mace, M.J. (2006) Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. which has given rise to various programs and policies that aim at addressing climate change and promoting development.IEA, UNDP and UNIDO (2010) Energy Poverty: How to Make Modern Energy Access Universal?, special early excerpt of the World Energy Outlook 2010 for the UN General Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals, Paris: OECD/IEA.Nabuurs, G.J., Masera, O., Andrasko, K., Benitez-Ponce, P., Boer, R., Dutschke, M., Elsiddig, E., Ford-Robertson, J., Frumhoff, P., Karjalainen, T., Krankina, O., Kurz, W.A., Matsumoto, M., Oyhantcabal, W., Ravindranath, N.H., Sanz Sanchez, M.J. and Zhang, X. (2007) ‘Forestry’, in: Mitigation of Climate Change, Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Although great efforts have been made on international negotiations concerning the issue of climate change, it is argued that much of the theory, debate, evidence-gathering and implementation linking climate change and development assume a largely apolitical and linear policy process.6. Tanner, T. and Allouche, J. (2011) 'Towards a New Political Economy of Climate Change and Development', IDS Bulletin Special Issue: Political Economy of Climate Change, 42(3): 1-14. In this context, Tanner and Allouche (2011) suggest that climate change initiatives must explicitly recognize the political economy of their inputs, processes and outcomes so as to find a balance between effectiveness, efficiency and equity. & 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic Definition In its earliest manifestations, the term “political economy” was basically a synonym of economics,Groenewegen, E.(1987) 'Political economy and economics', in: Eatwell J. et al., eds., The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Vol.3: 904-907, Macmillan& 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & Co., London. while it is now a rather elusive term that typically refers to the study of the collective or political processes through which public economic decisions are made.Oates, W.E.and Portney, P.R.(2003) 'The political economy of environmental policy', in: Handbook of Environmental Economics, chapter 08: p325-54 In the climate change domain, Tanner and Allouche (2011) define the political economy as “the processes by which ideas, power and resources are conceptualized, negotiated and implemented by different groups at different scales”. While there have emerged a substantial literature on the political economy of environmental policy, which explains the “political failure” of the environmental programmes to efficiently and effectively protect the environment, systematic analysis on the specific issue of climate change using the political economy framework is relatively limited. 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & The problems of fragile states: Fragile states—defined as poor performers, conflict and/or post-conflict states—are usually incapable of using the aid for climate change effectively. The issues of power and social equity have exacerbated the climate change impacts, while insufficient attention has been paid to the dysfunction of fragile states. Considering the problems of fragile states, the political economy approach could improve the understanding of the long-standing constraints upon capacity and resilience, through which the problems associated with weak capacity, state-building and conflicts could be better addressed in the context of climate change. Informal governance: In many poorly performing states, decision-making around the distribution and use of state resources is driven by informal relations and private incentives rather than formal state institutions that are based on equity and law. This informal governance nature that underlies in the domestic social structures prevents the political systems and structures from rational functioning and thus hinders the effective response towards climate change. Therefore, domestic institutions and incentives are critical to the adoption of reforms. The political economy analysis provides an insight into the underlying social structures and systems that determine the effectiveness of climate change initiatives (1). The difficulty of social change: Developmental change in underdeveloped countries is painfully slow because of a series of long-term collective problems, including the societies’ incapacity of working collectively to improve wellbeing, the lack of technical and social ingenuity, the resistance and rejection to innovation and change. In the context of climate change, these problems significantly hinder the promotion of climate change agenda. Taking a political economy view in the underdeveloped countries could help to understand and create incentives to promote transformation and development, which lays a foundation for the expectation of implementing a climate change adaptation agenda. 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & Brandt and Svendsen (2003)Brandt, U.S. and Svendsen, G.T. (2003) The Political Economy of Climate Change Policy in the EU: Auction and Grandfathering, IME Working Papers No. 51/03. introduce a political economy framework that based on the political support function model by Hillman (1982) into the analysis of the choice of instruments to control climate change in the European Union policy to implement its Kyoto Protocol target level. In this political economy framework, the climate change policy is determined by the relative strength of stakeholder groups. By examining the different objective of different interest groups, namely industry groups, consumer groups and environmental groups, the authors explain the complex interaction between the choices of an instrument for the EU climate change policy, specifically the shift from the green taxation to a grandfathered permit system. 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & A report by the Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) (2011) takes a political economy approach to explain why some countries adopt climate change policies while others do not, specifically among the countries in the transition region.EBRD (2011) 'Political economy of climate change policy in the transition region', in: Special Report on Climate Change: The Low Carbon Transition, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Chapter Four. This work analyzes the different political economy aspects of the characteristics of climate change policies so as to understand the likely factors driving climate change mitigation outcomes in many transition countries. The main conclusions are listed below: The level of democracy alone is not a major driver of climate change policy adoption, which means that the expectations of contribution to global climate change mitigation are not necessarily limited by the political regime of a given country. Public knowledge, shaped by various factors including the threat of climate change in a particular country, the national level of education and existence of free media, is a critical element in climate change policy adoption, as countries with the public more aware of the climate change causes are significantly more likely to adopt climate change policies. The focus should, therefore, be on promoting public awareness of the urgent threat of climate change and prevent information asymmetries in many transition countries. The relative strength of the carbon-intensive industry is a major deterrent to the adoption of climate change policies, as it partly accounts for the information asymmetries. However, the carbon-intensive industries often influence government’s decision-making on climate change policy, which thus calls for a change of the incentives perceived by these industries and a transition of them to a low-carbon production pattern. Efficient means include the energy price reform and the introduction of international carbon trading mechanisms. The competitive edge gained national economies in the transition region in a global economy, where increasing international pressure is put to reduce emissions, would enhance their political regime’s domestic legitimacy, which could help to address the inherent economic weaknesses underlying the lack of economic diversification and global economic crisis. 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & Tanner and Allouche (2011) propose a new conceptual and methodological framework for analyzing the political economy of climate change in their latest work, which focuses on the climate change policy processes and outcomes in terms of ideas, power and resources. The new political economy approach is expected to go beyond the dominant political economy tools formulated by international development agencies to analyse climate change initiativesDFID (2009) Political Economy Analysis: How to Note, DFID Practice Paper, Department for International Development, London.World Bank (2009) Problem-Driven Governance and Political Economy Analysis: Good Practice Framework, World Bank, Washington D.C.World Bank (2004) Operationalizing Political Analysis: The Expected Utility Stakeholder Model and Governance Reforms, PREM Notes 95, World Bank, Washington D.C. that have ignored the way that ideas and ideologies determine the policy outcomes (see table).Barnett, M.N. and Finnemore, M. (2004) Rules for the World: International Organizations in Global Politics, Cornell University Press, New York. The authors assume that each of the three lenses, namely ideas, power and resources, tends to be predominant at one stage of the policy process of the political economy of climate change, with “ideas and ideologies predominant in the conceptualisation phase, power in the negotiation phase and resource, institutional capacity and governance in the implementation phase”. It is argued that these elements are critical in the formulation of international climate change initiatives and their translation to national and sub-national policy context. 
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Original: REDIRECT Politic     &           
Revised: REDIRECT Politic & + Comparison between the new and traditional political economy analysis of climate changeinitiatives Issue Dominant approach New political economy Policy process Linear, informed by evidence Complex, informed by ideology, actors and power relations Dominant scale Global and inter-state Translation of international to national and sub-national level Climate change science and research Role of objective science in informing policy Social construction of science and driving narratives Scarcity and poverty Distributional outcomes Political processes mediating competing claims for resources Decision-making Collective action, rational choice and rent seeking Ideological drivers and incentives, power relations
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Original: The ever-increasing awareness and urgency of climate change have pressured scholars to explore a better understanding of the multiple actors and influencing factors that affect the climate change negotiation, and to seek more effective solutions to tackle climate change.
Revised: The ever-increasing awareness and urgency of climate change had led scholars to explore a better understanding of the multiple actors and influencing factors that affect the climate change negotiation, and to seek more effective solutions to tackle climate change.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: The ever-increasing awareness and urgency of climate change have pressured scholars to explore a better understanding of the multiple actors and influencing factors that affect the climate change negotiation, and to seek more effective solutions to tackle climate change.
Revised: The ever-increasing awareness and urgency of climate change have pressured scholars to explore a better understanding of the multiple actors and influencing factors that affect climate change negotiation, and to seek more effective solutions to tackle climate change.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Analyzing these extremely complex issues from a political economy perspective helps to explain the complex interactions between different stakeholders in response to climate change impacts and provides broader opportunities to achieve better implementation of climate change policies . Climate Change is first and foremost a political issue now that it has become a widely believed fact.
Revised:  Analyzing these extremely complex issues from a political economy perspective helps to explain the complex interactions between different stakeholders in response to climate change impacts and provides broader opportunities to achieve better implementation of climate change policies Climate Change is first and foremost a political issue now that it has become a widely believed fact.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Analyzing these extremely complex issues from a political economy perspective helps to explain the complex interactions between different stakeholders in response to climate change impacts and provides broader opportunities to achieve better implementation of climate change policies . Climate Change is first and foremost a political issue now that it has become a widely believed fact. Before tackling the issue, it is important to determine how drastic the effects can be in order to address it in an appropriate manner. When dealing with climate change, the inhabitants of countries must see themselves as “global citizens” rather than separate entities if any real long-term progress is to be made. In accordance with a global perspective, countries balance legislation regarding climate change in a way that benefits developing nations while refraining from discouraging developed nations from contributing to the effort .
Revised:  Analyzing these extremely complex issues from a political economy perspective helps to explain the complex interactions between different stakeholders in response to climate change impacts and provides broader opportunities to achieve better implementation of climate change policies . .
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Original:  As this issue continues to dominate the international agenda, researchers from different academic sectors have for long been devoting great efforts to explore effective solutions to climate change , with technologists and planners devising ways of mitigating and adapting to climate change;
Revised:  As the issue rises in prominence the international agenda, researchers from different academic sectors have for long been devoting great efforts to explore effective solutions to climate change , with technologists and planners devising ways of mitigating and adapting to climate change;
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  As this issue continues to dominate the international agenda, researchers from different academic sectors have for long been devoting great efforts to explore effective solutions to climate change , with technologists and planners devising ways of mitigating and adapting to climate change;
Revised:  As this issue continues to dominate the international agenda, researchers from different academic sectors have for long been devoting great efforts to explore effective solutions to climate change . Technologists and planners have been devising ways of mitigating and adapting to climate change;
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Original: The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición: CIBERObn , www.ciberobn.com ) is a public research consortium which was founded on November 28, 2006 financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN).
Revised: The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición: CIBERObn ) is a public research consortium which was founded on November 28, 2006 financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN).
Edit intent: coherence
Original: The North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA)  includes Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Ocean, Passaic, Somerset, Sussex, Union, and Warren counties in the Gateway Region, Skylands Region, and on northern Jersey Shore.
Revised: The North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA) , MPO ID# 34198200, includes Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Ocean, Passaic, Somerset, Sussex, Union, and Warren counties in the Gateway Region, Skylands Region, and on northern Jersey Shore.
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Original:  The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC),  includes Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey as well Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Monthomery, and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania in the Delaware Valley The South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization (SJTPO)  , covering Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland and Salem counties in South Jersey.
Revised:  The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC), MPO ID# 42196501, includes Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey as well Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Monthomery, and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania in the Delaware Valley The South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization (SJTPO) , covering Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland and Salem counties in South Jersey.
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Original:  The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC),  includes Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey as well Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Monthomery, and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania in the Delaware Valley The South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization (SJTPO)  , covering Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland and Salem counties in South Jersey.
Revised:  The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC), includes Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey as well Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Monthomery, and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania in the Delaware Valley The South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization (SJTPO) , MPO ID# 34199300 , covering Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland and Salem counties in South Jersey.
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Original:   Alltagsgeschichte's leading proponents include Paul Veyne (born 1930) and Michel Rouche in France, and Peter Carr in the United Kingdom.
Revised:  It can also be linked to the Italian historical doctrine of microhistory (microstoria). Alltagsgeschichte's leading proponents include Paul Veyne (born 1930) and Michel Rouche in France, and Peter Carr in the United Kingdom.
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Original: Publications The History of Everyday Life by German historian Alf Lüdtke Alltagsgeschichte - ein Bericht von unterwegs, by Alf Lüdtke, in Historische Anthropologie No. 11 (2003), A History of Private Life: from Pagan Rome to Byzantium, Paul Veyne, ed. (Editions du Seuil, 1985) Portavo: an Irish Townland and its Peoples, Parts One and Two, by Peter Carr (White Row, 2003 and 2005) The History of Everyday Life: A second chapter", by Paul Steege, Andrew Bergerson, Maureen Healy and Pamela E.
Revised: Selected publications The History of Everyday Life by German historian Alf Lüdtke Alltagsgeschichte - ein Bericht von unterwegs, by Alf Lüdtke, in Historische Anthropologie No. 11 (2003), A History of Private Life: from Pagan Rome to Byzantium, Paul Veyne, ed. (Editions du Seuil, 1985) Portavo: an Irish Townland and its Peoples, Parts One and Two, by Peter Carr (White Row, 2003 and 2005) The History of Everyday Life: A second chapter", by Paul Steege, Andrew Bergerson, Maureen Healy and Pamela E.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  It is     produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem  , Pennsylvania.
Revised:  -For human use only •Deep Moisturizing shampoo and conditioner •Herbal Gro shampoo and conditioner •Color Protect shampoo and conditioner •Gentle Clarifying shampoo and Gentle Replenishing conditioner •Micellar shampoo and conditioner •Repair ‘n Replenish shampoo and conditioner •Spirit Untamed shampoo, conditioner, and detangler (their first and only children’s line produced for the Dreamworks Animation Studio motion picture, Spirit Untamed). •Detangler spray •Detangler Extreme spray •Hair Strengthener •Herbal Gro spray Therapy •Hair ‘n Root Strengthener •Shine-On spray •Herbal Gro Maximum •Herbal Gro Regular •Hair Dressing •Olive Oil Creme •Carrot Oil Creme •Herbal Gro Creme produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania.
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Original:  It is     produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem  , Pennsylvania.
Revised:  It is -For Equine use only •Pro-Tect Anti-Microbial shampoo •Pro-Tect Anti-Microbial wound spray •Pro-Tect Thrush treatment •Ultimate Gloss shampoo and conditioner •Equine Detangler spray •Equine Shine-On spray •Spray ‘n Braid •Spray-Away •Spray ‘n White produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania.
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Original:  It is     produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem  , Pennsylvania.
Revised:  It is -Products that can be used on either horse or human •The Original shampoo and conditioner •Hoofmaker skin and nail strengthening lotion •Mineral Ice treatment for muscular soreness produced by Straight Arrow Products, Inc., with head offices in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania.
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Original:  The hair care product range includes  -For human use only •Deep Moisturizing shampoo and conditioner •Herbal Gro shampoo and conditioner •Color Protect shampoo and conditioner •Gentle Clarifying shampoo and Gentle Replenishing conditioner •Micellar shampoo and conditioner •Repair ‘n Replenish shampoo and conditioner •Spirit Untamed shampoo, conditioner, and detangler (their first and only children’s line produced for the Dreamworks Animation Studio motion picture, Spirit Untamed).
Revised: Products The hair care product range includes -For human use only •Deep Moisturizing shampoo and conditioner •Herbal Gro shampoo and conditioner •Color Protect shampoo and conditioner •Gentle Clarifying shampoo and Gentle Replenishing conditioner •Micellar shampoo and conditioner •Repair ‘n Replenish shampoo and conditioner •Spirit Untamed shampoo, conditioner, and detangler (their first and only children’s line produced for the Dreamworks Animation Studio motion picture, Spirit Untamed).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The hair care product range includes  -For human use only •Deep Moisturizing shampoo and conditioner •Herbal Gro shampoo and conditioner •Color Protect shampoo and conditioner •Gentle Clarifying shampoo and Gentle Replenishing conditioner •Micellar shampoo and conditioner •Repair ‘n Replenish shampoo and conditioner •Spirit Untamed shampoo, conditioner, and detangler (their first and only children’s line produced for the Dreamworks Animation Studio motion picture, Spirit Untamed).
Revised:  The hair care product range includes : -For human use only •Deep Moisturizing shampoo and conditioner •Herbal Gro shampoo and conditioner •Color Protect shampoo and conditioner •Gentle Clarifying shampoo and Gentle Replenishing conditioner •Micellar shampoo and conditioner •Repair ‘n Replenish shampoo and conditioner •Spirit Untamed shampoo, conditioner, and detangler (their first and only children’s line produced for the Dreamworks Animation Studio motion picture, Spirit Untamed).
Edit intent: fluency