wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Revised:  In our companion article ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Revised:  Second, we arXiv:1211.4636] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Revised:  Second, we ], we apply the main result of this article to show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Revised:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate-elliptic partial differential operator is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan . Third, we prove existence, uniqueness, and the strong Markov property for weak solutions to a stochastic differential equation with degenerate diffusion and unbounded coefficients with suitable H\"older continuity properties. Fourth, for an Ito process with degenerate diffusion and unbounded but appropriately regular coefficients, we prove existence of a strong Markov process, unique in the sense of probability law, whose one-dimensional marginal probability distributions match those of the given Ito process .
Revised:  Second, we ] show that the martingale problem associated with a degenerate elliptic differential operator with unbounded, locally Holder continuous coefficients on a half-space is well-posed in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Decision outcomes must be expected by the decider to lead to certain decision effects, by way of their being put into effect. The availability of a model or of a theory of the causal chain leading from a decision outcome to one or more decision effects is assumed for the decision taker , otherwise the decision outcome is merely an utterance.
Revised:  Decision outcomes must be expected by the decider . Using a model or of a theory of the causal chain leading from a decision outcome to one or more decision effects is assumed for the decision taker , otherwise the decision outcome is merely an utterance.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The availability of a model or of a theory of the causal chain leading from a decision outcome to one or more decision effects is assumed for the decision taker , otherwise the decision outcome is merely an utterance. Decision effectiveness measures the decision effects against objectives meant to be served with the decision .
Revised:  The availability of a model or of a theory of the causal chain leading from a decision outcome to one or more decision effects may support a decision taker decision taker in predicting plausible decision effects for candidate decision outcomes .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Decision taking is positioned amidst many similar notions including: decision making, decision process, decision making process, decision process making, decision engineering, decision progression, and decision progression production . Decision making is operationally defined as an informatics related activity consisting of the production of progressions from threads, thus casting decision making competence as an informatics competence. Short-circuit logic underlies the production of decision making progressions from instruction sequences that codify prepared decision making processes. Decision taking can constitute the primary task of dedicated agents. Human agents in such roles are professional decision takers. Multi-threading is essential for the professional decision taker .
Revised:  Decision taking is positioned amidst many similar notions including: decision making, decision process, decision making process, decision process making, decision engineering, decision progression, and decision progression production .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Revised: By using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Revised: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build covariance matrices between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Revised: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which are cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data , and use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Revised: Using Random Matrix Theory, we build a covariance matrix between stocks of the BM&F-Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de S\~ao Paulo) which is cleaned of some of the noise due to the complex interactions between the many stocks and the finiteness of available data . We also use a regression model in order to remove the market effect due to the common movement of all stocks.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  This is done for years of both low and high volatility of the Brazilian  market, from 2004 to 2010. 
Revised:  This is done for years of both low and high volatility of the Brazilian market, from 2004 to 2010. The results show that the use of regression to subtract the market effect on returns greatly increases the accuracy of the prediction of risk, and that, although the cleaning of the correlation matrix often leads to portfolios that better predict risks, in periods of high volatility of the market this procedure may fail to do so.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We propose to study this problem in the framework of second order backward stochastic differential equations introduced in Soner, Touzi and Zhang (2010) for Lipschitz continuous generator, then generalized by Possamai and Zhou (2011) in the quadratic growth case.
Revised:  We propose studying this problem in the framework of second order backward stochastic differential equations introduced in Soner, Touzi and Zhang (2010) for Lipschitz continuous generator, then generalized by Possamai and Zhou (2011) in the quadratic growth case.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We propose to study this problem in the framework of second order backward stochastic differential equations introduced in Soner, Touzi and Zhang (2010) for Lipschitz continuous generator, then generalized by Possamai and Zhou (2011) in the quadratic growth case.
Revised:  We propose to study this problem in the framework of second-order backward stochastic differential equations introduced in Soner, Touzi and Zhang (2010) for Lipschitz continuous generator, then generalized by Possamai and Zhou (2011) in the quadratic growth case.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We propose to study this problem in the framework of second order backward stochastic differential equations introduced in Soner, Touzi and Zhang (2010) for Lipschitz continuous generator, then generalized by Possamai and Zhou (2011) in the quadratic growth case. We solve the problem for exponential, power and logarithmic utility functions and prove existence of an optimal strategy.
Revised:  We propose to study this problem in the framework of second order backward stochastic differential equations (2BSDEs for short) with quadratic growth generators. We show for exponential, power and logarithmic utility functions and prove existence of an optimal strategy.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Finally we provide several examples which shed more light on the problem and its links with the classical utility maximization one   .
Revised:  Finally we provide several examples which shed more light on the problem and its links with the classical utility maximization one are provided. In particular, we show that in some cases, the upper bound of the volatility interval plays a central role, exactly as in the option pricing problem with uncertain volatility models of .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: The adverse effects of financial crises in terms of output losses or output growth below its potential can be treated like losses from catastrophic events which have a low likelihood but a large impact in the event that they occur. We therefore analyze GDP losses in terms of frequency (number of loss events per period) and severity (loss per occurrence).
Revised: We study cross-country GDP losses due to financial crises in terms of frequency (number of loss events per period) and severity (loss per occurrence).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Crises' frequency, severity, and the associated global output losses over periods of five years are identified on the basis of Laeven et al. (2008). Applying the Loss Distribution Approach used in insurance and operational risk theory and practice, we estimate a multi-country aggregate GDP loss distribution and thus approximate the conditional losses in the event of financial crises.
Revised:  We perform the Loss Distribution Approach used in insurance and operational risk theory and practice, we estimate a multi-country aggregate GDP loss distribution and thus approximate the conditional losses in the event of financial crises.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The analysis of losses produced in the paper suggests that the LDA approach is a useful tool in discussions about the existence and capital requirements of a potential insurance against the risk of financial crises at the aggregate level .
Revised:  We find that output losses arising from financial crises are strongly heterogeneous and that currency crises lead to smaller output losses than debt and banking crises. Extreme global financial crises episodes, occurring with a one percent probability every five years, lead to losses between 2.95\% and 4.54\% of world GDP .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Quotes of liquidly traded vanilla options on cross FX rates, e.g. EUR/JPY, can be used to extract a great deal of information about the complex implied correlation structure between the corresponding main FX rates, e.g. USD/JPY and EUR/USD. Including all this information in a ?nancial model means being able to fit simultaneously all volatility smiles, a very demanding task.
Revised:  Quotes of liquidly traded vanilla options on cross FX rates, e.g. EUR/JPY, can be used to extract a great deal of information about the complex implied correlation structure between the corresponding main FX rates, e.g. USD/JPY and EUR/USD. Including all this information in a financial model means being able to fit simultaneously all volatility smiles, a very demanding task.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  We introduce a novel multi-factor stochastic volatility Heston-based model, which is able to reproduce consistently typical multi-dimensional FX vanilla markets, while retaining the (semi)-analytical tractability typical of a?ne models and relying on a reasonable number of parameters.
Revised:  We introduce a novel multi-factor stochastic volatility Heston-based model, which is able to reproduce consistently typical multi-dimensional FX vanilla markets, while retaining the (semi)-analytical tractability typical of affine models and relying on a reasonable number of parameters.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: Multi-currency FX derivatives offer a challenging playground to the mathematical modelling of correlations. Quotes of liquidly traded vanilla options on cross FX rates, e.g. EUR/JPY, can be used to extract a great deal of information about the complex implied correlation structure between the corresponding main FX rates, e.g. USD/JPY and EUR/USD. Including all this information in a financial model means being able to fit simultaneously all volatility smiles, a very demanding task. In this paper we propose a first solution to this problem in the class of stochastic volatility models.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We introduce a novel multi-factor stochastic volatility Heston-based model, which is able to reproduce consistently typical multi-dimensional FX vanilla markets, while retaining the (semi)-analytical tractability typical of affine models and relying on a reasonable number of parameters.
Revised:  We introduce a novel multi-factor Heston-based stochastic volatility model, which is able to reproduce consistently typical multi-dimensional FX vanilla markets, while retaining the (semi)-analytical tractability typical of affine models and relying on a reasonable number of parameters.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The proposed model is symmetric with respect to the choice of the risk-free currency , opening up to new approaches for coherent pricing and risk management of derivatives depending on multiple currencies .
Revised:  The proposed model preserves the natural inversion and triangulation symmetries of FX spot rates and its functional form, irrespective of choice of the risk-free currency , opening up to new approaches for coherent pricing and risk management of derivatives depending on multiple currencies .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This is a consequence of more general result which extend the usual Penot-Volle representation for quasiconvex real valued maps . We establish, in the conditional setting, a complete duality between quasiconvex risk measures and the appropriate class of dual functions .
Revised:  This is a consequence of more general result which extend the usual Penot-Volle representation for quasiconvex real valued maps .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Revised:  In certain respects the growth of size-60 shells from trapezoidal particles resembles the growth of icosahedral shells from triangular particles studied previously, with reversible bonding playing a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Revised:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role in avoiding incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Revised:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, although the details differ due to particle shape and URLanization. The strong preference for maximal bonding exhibited by the triangular particle clusters is also apparent for trapezoidal particles, but this is now confined to early growth, and is less pronounced as shells approach completion along a variety of forms are encountered .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of forms are encountered .
Revised:  Reversible bond formation plays a major role throughout the assembly process by helping avoid incorrect assembly, and while there is a preference for compact structures during the early phase of cluster growth, as shells near completion structures with a variety of pathways .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Revised: Large deviations for fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Revised: For fat tailed distributions , i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Edit intent: fluency
Original: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Revised: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than exponential, are not only relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Edit intent: clarity
Original: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Revised: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but they also occur in a rather peculiar way where a finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable : large deviations are not the accumulation of many small deviations, but rather they are dominated to a single large fluctuation .
Revised: For fat tailed distributions ( i.e. those that decay slower than an exponential), large deviations not only become relatively likely, but the way in which they are realized changes dramatically: A finite fraction of the whole sample deviation is concentrated on a single variable .
Edit intent: clarity