wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  and winning sectors (health care , oil and gas, real estate, defense, financials and consumer goods and services) . Judging by the campaign promises, the best-performing companies are generally those that will gain directly from Trump's proposals revolving around rising infrastructurespending , renegotiating trade agreements, loosening financial regulation, easing restrictions on energy production, and repealing Obamacare.
Revised:  and winning sectors (health care , oil and gas, real estate, defense, financials and consumer goods and services) . Judging by the campaign promises, the best-performing companies are generally those that will gain directly from Trump's proposals revolving around rising infrastructurespending , renegotiating trade agreements, loosening financial regulation, easing restrictions on energy production, and rolling back Obamacare.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Membrane-protein systems constitute an important avenue for a variety of targeted therapies. The ability to alter these systems remotely via physical fields is highly desirable for the advance of noninvasive therapies. Biophysical action of acoustic fields in particular holds immense potential for applications in drug delivery and neuro-modulation. Here we investigate the optical response of solvato-chromic fluorescent probe Laurdan, embedded in multilamellar lipid vesicles, subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Revised:  \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Revised:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 %DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Revised:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% Physical and chemical changes in biological interfaces can be quantified by corresponding changes in the thermodynamic state of the interface . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system,
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on the fluctuation dissipation theorem applied to a coupled membrane-fluorophore system, it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system.
Revised:  subjected to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1Mpa peak amplitude and pulse width of less than 10 \mu%DIFDELCMD < }%%% s. The response is quantified in terms of the shift in fluorescence spectra using a ratiometric technique . Based on Einsteins approach to thermodynamics, we show that fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system.
Revised:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of a dye embedded in a lipid membrane is a function of the state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system.
Revised:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface . We derive the coupling between the energy fluctuations of a fluorophore and its environment allowing the thermodynamic susceptibility, in particular, the system.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the system. However, given that the thermodynamic susceptibilities of such systems, especially in native biological environment, are not easy to obtain experimentally, a necessary corollary to the thermodynamic approach is derived. This establishes a direct relation between the width of the emission spectra and the thermodynamic susceptibilities of the system. The result has practical importance as it gives access to the thermodynamic properties of the membrane from steady state fluorescence measurement without the need to perturb the system. Simply stated, the experiments show that the magnitude of the perturbation response of a membrane system to an acoustic insult is proportional to the width of the emission spectrum of the embedded membrane probe .
Revised:  it is shown that the perturbation of the fluorescence spectra of embedded molecules to the pressure impulses is determined by the thermodynamic state of the interface , or in other words, the thermodynamic susceptibilities such as the compressibility or heat capacity of the specific heat of the interface to be estimated from the spectra of the embedded fluorophore. The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond pulse duration. These experiments also provide crucial insights into how dynamic state changes may affect biological function, for example, during an action potential or during therapeutic use of acoustic impulses in the form of ultrasound or shock waves .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: Physical and chemical changes in biological interfaces can be quantified by corresponding changes in the thermodynamic state of the interface. Based on Einsteins approach to thermodynamics, we show that fluorescence spectra of a dye embedded in a lipid membrane is a function of the state of the interface. We derive the coupling between the energy fluctuations of a fluorophore and its environment allowing the thermodynamic susceptibility, in particular, the specific heat of the interface to be estimated from the spectra of the embedded fluorophore. The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond  pulse duration.
Revised: Solvation shell dynamics is a critical determinant of protein and enzyme functions. Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond pulse duration.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond  pulse duration.
Revised:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse. Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water, were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond pulse duration.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond  pulse duration.
Revised:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond pulse duration.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond  pulse duration.
Revised:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 \mu pulse duration.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond  pulse duration.
Revised:  The estimate of the thermodynamic susceptibility is shown to hold not only for quasi-static near-equilibrium measurements, but also for dynamic state changes in lipid vesicles induced by broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 microsecond s pulse duration.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  These experiments also provide crucial insights into how dynamic state changes may affect biological function, for example, during an action potential or during therapeutic use of acoustic impulses in the form of ultrasound or shock waves .
Revised:  Corresponding changes in emission spectrum of the dye were observed simultaneously across two different wavelengths at sub-microsecond resolution. The experiments show that changes in the emission spectrum and hence the fluctuations of the solvation shell are given by the thermodynamic state change during the process. Therefore, the study suggests that acoustic fields can potentially modulate the kinetics of channels and proteins embedded in lipid membranes by controlling the state dependent fluctuations .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Solvation shell dynamics is a critical determinant of protein and enzyme functions. Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse . Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water,  were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Revised: Ultrasound is increasingly being used to modulate the properties of biological membranes for applications in drug delivery and neuromodulation. While various studies have investigated the mechanical aspect of the interaction such as acoustic absorption and membrane deformation, it is not clear how these effects transduce into biological functions, for example, changes in the permeability or the enzymatic activity of the membrane. A critical aspect of the activity of an enzyme is the thermal fluctuations of its solvation or hydration shell. Thermal fluctuations are also known to be directly related to membrane permeability. Here solvation shell changes of lipid membranes subject to an acoustic impulse . Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water, were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse . Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water,  were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Revised:  Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse were investigated using a fluorescence probe, Laurdan. Laurdan was embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water, were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse . Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water,  were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Revised:  Here we investigate how the dynamics of the solvation shell changes for molecules embedded in lipid membranes during an acoustic impulse . Solvation sensitive fluorescence probes, Laurdan, embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water, which were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1MPa peak amplitude and 10{\mu}s pulse duration.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The experiments show that changes in the emission spectrum  and hence the fluctuations of the solvation shell are given by the thermodynamic state change during the process. Therefore, the study suggests that acoustic fields  can potentially modulate the kinetics of channels and proteins embedded in lipid membranes by controlling the state dependent fluctuations .
Revised:  The experiments show that changes in the emission spectrum and hence the fluctuations of the solvation shell , are related to the changes in the thermodynamic state of the membrane and correlated with the compression and rarefaction of the incident sound wave. The results suggest that acoustic fields can potentially modulate the kinetics of channels and proteins embedded in lipid membranes by controlling the state dependent fluctuations .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  It is forthcoming in the Handbook of Quantile Regression .
Revised:  The advances in the theory have relied on the use of extreme value approximations to the law of the Koenker and Bassett (1978) quantile regression estimator. Extreme value laws not only have been shown to provide more accurate approximations than Gaussian laws at the tails, but also have served as the basis to develop bias corrected estimators and inference methods using simulation and suitable variations of bootstrap and subsampling. The applicability of these methods is illustrated with two empirical examples on conditional value-at-risk and financial contagion .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  The no-short selling constraint acts as an asymmetric \ell_1 regularizer, setting some  portfolio weights to zero and keeping the estimation error bounded, avoiding the divergence present in the non-regularized case.
Revised:  The no-short selling constraint acts as an asymmetric \ell_1 regularizer, setting some of the portfolio weights to zero and keeping the estimation error bounded, avoiding the divergence present in the non-regularized case.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  The no-short selling constraint acts as an asymmetric \ell_1 regularizer, setting some  portfolio weights to zero and keeping the estimation error bounded, avoiding the divergence present in the non-regularized case.
Revised:  The no-short selling constraint acts as an asymmetric \ell_1 regularizer, setting some portfolio weights to zero and keeping the out of sample estimator for the variance bounded, avoiding the divergence present in the non-regularized case.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  However, the susceptibility, i.e. the sensitivity of the optimal portfolio weights to changes in the returns, diverges at a critical value 2 of the ratio N/T, where N is the number of different assets in the portfolio and T the length of available time series.
Revised:  However, the susceptibility, i.e. the sensitivity of the optimal portfolio weights to changes in the returns, diverges at a critical value r=2.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We show that this critical value is universal, independent of the distribution of the returns. Beyond this critical value, the variance of the portfolio vanishesfor any portfolio weight vector constructed as a linear combination of the eigenvectors from the null space of the covariance matrix, but these linear combinations are not legitimate solutions of the optimization problem, as they are infinitely sensitive to any change in the input parameters, in particular they will wildly fluctuate from sample to sample.
Revised:  At r=2 the out of sample estimator for the portfolio variance stays finite and the estimated in-sample variance vanishes. We have performed numerical simulations to support the analytic results and found perfect agreement for N/T<2. Numerical experiments on finite size samples of symmetrically distributed returns show that above this critical point the probability of finding solutions with zero in-sample variance increases rapidly with increasing N, becoming one in the large N limit. However, these are not legitimate solutions of the optimization problem, as they are infinitely sensitive to any change in the input parameters, in particular they will wildly fluctuate from sample to sample.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We also calculate the distribution of the optimal weights over the random samples and show that the regularizer preferentially removes the assets with large variances, in accord with one's natural expectation . The analytic calculations are supported by numerical simulations. The analytic and numerical results are in perfect agreement for N/T<2, but some numerical solvers keep yielding a stable solution even in the region N/T>2. This is because there are regularizers built into these solvers that stabilize the otherwise freely fluctuating, meaningless solutions .
Revised:  We also calculate the distribution of the optimal weights over the random samples and show that the regularizer preferentially removes the assets with large variances, in accord with one's natural expectation .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: We obtain a closed form of generating functions of RNA substructure using hermitian matrix model with the Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind , which has the form of the hypergeometric function .
Revised: Combinatorial analysis of a certain abstract of RNA structures has been studied to investigate their statistics. Our approach regards the backbone of secondary structures as an alternate sequence of paired and unpaired sets of nucleotides, which can be described by random matrix model. We obtain the generating function of the structures using Hermitian matrix model with the Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind , which has the form of the hypergeometric function .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  To match the experimental findings of the statistical behavior, we regard the substructure as a grand canonical ensemble and find its fugacity value corresponding to the number of stems . We also suggest a hierarchical picture based on the planar structure so that the non-planar structure such as pseudoknot are included .
Revised:  To match the experimental findings of the statistical behavior, we regard the substructure as a grand canonical ensemble and find its fugacity value corresponding to the number of stems .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Revised: A symmetry-guided definition of time may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Revised: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify the analysis of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Edit intent: fluency
Original: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Revised: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series with recurrent patterns and seasonalities. By enforcing simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling symmetry with Hurst exponent 1/2 and the requirement of increments' stationarity , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Revised: A symmetry-guided time redefinition may enhance and simplify analyses of historical series displaying recurrent patterns . Enforcing a simple-scaling and stationarity of the distributions of returns , we identify a time-definition protocol in the financial case.
Edit intent: meaning-changed