wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original:  In particular, APBS tools have been integrated with the UnityMol-APBS virtual reality platform to provide an immersive experiencefor preparing biomolecular systems for calculations as well as visualizing and comparing calculated results  .
Revised:  In particular, APBS tools have been integrated with the UnityMol-APBS , that provides a dual experience where users can utilize the full range of the APBS toolset, without the use of a command line interface, by use of a simple .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In particular, APBS tools have been integrated with the UnityMol-APBS virtual reality platform to provide an immersive experiencefor preparing biomolecular systems for calculations as well as visualizing and comparing calculated results  .
Revised:  In particular, APBS tools have been integrated with the UnityMol-APBS virtual reality platform to provide an immersive experiencefor preparing biomolecular systems for calculations as well as visualizing and comparing calculated results for either a standard desktop or immersive virtual reality experience .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  \textit{\textbf{Error 1: \textbf{ } The gazeNet classification method was built assuming that a hand-scored dataset from Lund University was all collected at 500 Hz, but in fact, six of the 34 recording files were actually collected at 200Hz.
Revised:  \textit{\textbf{ \textbf{ } The gazeNet classification method was built assuming that a hand-scored dataset from Lund University was all collected at 500 Hz, but in fact, six of the 34 recording files were actually collected at 200Hz.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  \textit{\textbf{Error 1: \textbf{ } The gazeNet classification method was built assuming that a hand-scored dataset from Lund University was all collected at 500 Hz, but in fact, six of the 34 recording files were actually collected at 200Hz.
Revised:  \textit{\textbf{Error 1: \textbf{Error 1 } The gazeNet classification method was built assuming that a hand-scored dataset from Lund University was all collected at 500 Hz, but in fact, six of the 34 recording files were actually collected at 200Hz.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  \textit{\textbf{Error 2}} \textit{\textbf{ arises out of the novel event-related agreement analysis employed by the gazeNet authors.
Revised:  \textit{\textbf{Error 2}} The gazeNet algorithm was trained on the Lund dataset, and then compared to other methods, not trained on this dataset, in terms of performance on this dataset. This is an inherently unfair comparison, and yet no where in the gazeNet paper is this unfairness mentioned.\textit{\textbf{ arises out of the novel event-related agreement analysis employed by the gazeNet authors.
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Original: It is an ordinary day working from home, and you are part of a team that regularly interacts over email. Since this is your main line of communication, the company trained you to spot phishing emails. You've learned to skip over emails that exhibit obvious phishing red flags: suspicious links, attachments, grammar errors, etc. You just received an email from your boss about a major project on which you play a critical role. The email is more demanding than usual, even impolite. Your boss has generally seemed more upset with you lately, so you approach them to express your concerns and clear the air. Your boss is not receptive to your feedback. This causes a rift that impacts your working relationship, compromising the effectiveness and productivity of the entire team. You have been a victim of an Ambient Tactical Deception (ATD ) attack. We developed and tested a proof-of-concept social engineering attack targeting web-based email users.
Revised: This paper presents a specific man-in-the-middle exploit: Ambient Tactical Deception (ATD) in online communication, realized via a malicious web browser extension. Extensions manipulate web content in unobtrusive ways as ambient intermediaries of the overall browsing experience. In our previous work, we demonstrated that it is possible to employ tactical deception by making covert changes in the text content of a web page, regardless of the source. In this work, we investigated the application of ATD in a web-based email users.
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Original:  We developed and tested a proof-of-concept social engineering attack targeting web-based email users. The attack is executed through a malicious browser extension that acts as a man-in-the-middle and reformats the textual content to alter the emotional tone of the email . The objective of ATD is not stealing credentials or data. ATD seeks to coerce a user to the attacker's desired behavior via the subtle manipulation of trusted interpersonal relationships. This goes beyond simple phishing and this paper reports the findings from study that investigated an ATD attack on the politeness strategy used in work emails .
Revised:  We developed and tested a proof-of-concept social engineering attack targeting web-based email discourse where the objective is to manipulate the interpersonal perception without the knowledge of the involved parties. We focus on web-based email text because it is asynchronous and usually revised for clarity and politeness. Previous research has demonstrated that people's perception of politeness in online communication is based on three factors: the degree of imposition, the power of the receiver over the sender, and the social distance between them. We interviewed participants about their perception of these factors to establish the plausibility of ATD for email discourse. The results indicate that by covertly altering the politeness strategy in an email, it is possible for an ATD attacker to manipulate the receiver's perception on all of the politeness factors. Our findings support the Brown and Levinson's politeness theory and Walther's hyperpersonal model of email communication .
Edit intent: coherence
Original: Early olfactory pathway responses to the presentation of an odor exhibit remarkably similar characteristics across phyla from insects to mammals, and frequently involve transitions among quiescence, collective network oscillations, and asynchronous firing.
Revised: Early olfactory pathway responses to the presentation of an odor exhibit remarkably similar dynamical behavior across phyla from insects to mammals, and frequently involve transitions among quiescence, collective network oscillations, and asynchronous firing.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We investigate whether a robust bifurcation structure can describe such transitions, and take the locust, which appears to have one of the simpler early olfactory pathway architectures, as a representative example. Using an integrate-and-fire (I \& F) model , we reproduce relevant results of both experimental measurements and detailed models of early olfaction dynamics and odor discrimination.
Revised:  We hypothesize that the time scales of fast excitation and fast and slow inhibition present in these networks may be the essential element underlying this similar behavior, and design an idealized, conductance-based integrate-and-fire (I \& F) model , we reproduce relevant results of both experimental measurements and detailed models of early olfaction dynamics and odor discrimination.
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Original:  Using an integrate-and-fire (I \& F) model , we reproduce relevant results of both experimental measurements and detailed models of early olfaction dynamics and odor discrimination. By further idealizing the I\&F description and finally reducing it to a firing-rate (FR) model , we find the bifurcation structure underlying a transition typical of the early odor response to be a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation , which arises due to the interaction among the fast-varying excitation and fast and slowly-varying inhibition .
Revised:  Using an integrate-and-fire (I \& F) model to verify this hypothesis via numerical simulations. To better understand the mathematical structure underlying the common dynamical behavior across species, we derive a firing-rate (FR) model , we find the bifurcation structure underlying a transition typical of the early odor response to be a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation , which arises due to the interaction among the fast-varying excitation and fast and slowly-varying inhibition .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By further idealizing the I\&F description and finally reducing it to a firing-rate (FR) model , we find the bifurcation structure underlying a transition typical of the early odor response to be a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation , which arises due to the interaction among the fast-varying excitation and fast and slowly-varying inhibition .
Revised:  By further idealizing the I\&F description and finally reducing it to a firing-rate (FR) model and use it to extract a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation , which arises due to the interaction among the fast-varying excitation and fast and slowly-varying inhibition .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  By further idealizing the I\&F description and finally reducing it to a firing-rate (FR) model , we find the bifurcation structure underlying a transition typical of the early odor response to be a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation , which arises due to the interaction among the fast-varying excitation and fast and slowly-varying inhibition .
Revised:  By further idealizing the I\&F description and finally reducing it to a firing-rate (FR) model , we find the bifurcation structure underlying a transition typical of the early odor response to be a slow passage through a saddle-node-on-an-invariant-circle (SNIC) bifurcation structure. We expect this bifurcation structure to provide new insights into the understanding of the dynamical behavior of neuronal assemblies and that a similar structure can be found in other sensory systems .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Our theory unifies and generalizes the discrete and continuous gene expression models proposed previously by viewing the latter as various macroscopic limits of the former. Two types of macroscopic limits are obtained : the Kurtz limit applies to proteins with large burst frequencies and the L\'{e}vy limit applies to proteins with large burst sizes.
Revised:  A triphasic stochastic bifurcation upon the increasing ratio of the positive and negative feedback strengths is observed, which reveals a strong synergistic interaction between positive and negative feedback loops. We discover that coupled positive-plus-negative feedback amplifies gene expression mean but reduces gene expression noise over a wide range of feedback strengths when promoter switching is relatively slow, stabilizing gene expression around a relatively high level. In addition, we study two types of macroscopic limits are obtained : the Kurtz limit applies to proteins with large burst frequencies and the L\'{e}vy limit applies to proteins with large burst sizes.
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Original:  We also derive the analytic steady-state distributions of the protein abundance  for both the discrete chemical master equation model and its two macroscopic limits . Furthermore, we ] obtain the analytic time-dependent distribution of the protein concentration for the classical Friedman-Cai-Xie random bursting model   .
Revised:  We also derive the analytic steady-state distributions of the protein abundance for both the discrete chemical master equation model and its two macroscopic limits , generalizing the results obtained in ] obtain the analytic time-dependent distribution of the protein concentration for the classical Friedman-Cai-Xie random bursting model .
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Original:  Furthermore, we ] obtain the analytic time-dependent distribution of the protein concentration for the classical Friedman-Cai-Xie random bursting model   .
Revised:  Furthermore, we ] obtain the analytic time-dependent distribution of the protein concentration for the classical Friedman-Cai-Xie random bursting model Phys. Rev. Lett. 97:168302, 2006 .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Our analytic results reveal a strong synergistic interaction between positive and negative feedback loops and a critical phase-transition-like phenomenon in the regime of slow promoter switching. Our theory is also applied to study the intrinsic noise structure of stochastic gene expression in coupled gene circuits and a complete decomposition of noise in terms of five different biophysical origins is provided.
Revised:  Our analytic results are further applied to study the intrinsic noise structure of stochastic gene expression in coupled gene circuits and a complete decomposition of noise in terms of five different biophysical origins is provided.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our theory is also applied to study the intrinsic noise structure of stochastic gene expression in coupled gene circuits and a complete decomposition of noise in terms of five different biophysical origins is provided.
Revised:  Our theory is also applied to study the intrinsic noise structure of stochastic gene expression in coupled gene expression noise in a coupled gene circuit and a complete decomposition of noise in terms of five different biophysical origins is provided.
Edit intent: clarity
Original: Where do firms innovate? Mapping their locations in technological space is difficult, because it is high dimensional and unstructured. We address this issue by using a method in computational topology called the Mapper algorithm, which combines local clustering with global reconstruction. We apply this method to a panel of 333 major firms' patent portfolios in 1976--2005 across 430 technological areas.
Revised: We propose a new method to characterize firms' inventive activities via topological data analysis (TDA) that represents high-dimensional data in a shape graph. Applying this method to a panel of 333 major firms' patent portfolios in 1976--2005 across 430 technological areas.
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Original:  We apply this method to a panel of 333 major firms' patent portfolios in 1976--2005 across 430 technological areas. Results suggest the Mapper graph captures salient patterns in firms ' patenting histories, and our measures of their uniqueness (the type and length of "flares" ) are correlated with firms' financial performances in a statistically and economically significant manner.
Revised:  We apply this method to a panel of 333 major firms' patents in 1976-2005 reveals substantial heterogeneity: some firms remain undifferentiated; others develop unique portfolios. Firms with unique trajectories, which we define graph-theoretically as "flares" ) are correlated with firms' financial performances in a statistically and economically significant manner.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Results suggest the Mapper graph captures salient patterns in firms ' patenting histories, and our measures of their uniqueness (the type and length of "flares" ) are correlated with firms' financial performances in a statistically and economically significant manner.
Revised:  Results suggest the Mapper graph captures salient patterns in firms ' patenting histories, and our measures of their uniqueness (the type and length of "flares" in the Mapper graph, perform better. This association is statistically and economically significant manner.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Results suggest the Mapper graph captures salient patterns in firms ' patenting histories, and our measures of their uniqueness (the type and length of "flares" ) are correlated with firms' financial performances in a statistically and economically significant manner. We then compare this approach with a widely used clustering methodby Jaffe (1989) to highlight additional findings .
Revised:  Results suggest the Mapper graph captures salient patterns in firms ' patenting histories, and our measures of their uniqueness (the type and length of "flares" ) are correlated with firms' financial performances in a statistically and economically significant , and continues to hold after we control for portfolio size and firm survivorship. Comparison with existing techniques suggests the method's usefulness for data visualization and exploratory empirical research more generally .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We prove that HCS satisfies some properties analogous to those of ACSF: HSC is invariant under affine transformations, preserves convexity, and does not increase the total absolute curvature.
Revised:  We prove that HCS satisfies some properties analogous to those of ACSF: HCS is invariant under affine transformations, preserves convexity, and does not increase the total absolute curvature.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between ACSF and HCS generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017 ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between ACSF and convex-layer decomposition ( Eppstein et al. ( 2017 ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. , 2017 ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017 ; Calder and Smart, 2020 ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017 ), which is restricted to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017  ), which applied only to convex curves , and which was studied only for regular grids .
Revised:  This connection between HCS and ACSF generalizes the link between "grid peeling" and the ACSF observed by Eppstein et al. ( 2017 ), which applied only to convex curves .
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and have excellent small sample coverage and length properties  . Applying the proposed method, we study the tail risk of the monthly U.S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Revised:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and exhibit superior small sample coverage and length properties . Applying the proposed method, we study the tail risk of the monthly U.S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and have excellent small sample coverage and length properties  . Applying the proposed method, we study the tail risk of the monthly U.S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Revised:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and have excellent small sample coverage and length properties than alternative nonparametric approaches based on asymptotic normality . Applying the proposed method, we study the tail risk of the monthly U.S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  As a by-product, we also construct CIs for tail features of the coefficients in the random coefficient regression model. The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and exhibit superior small sample coverage and length properties than alternative nonparametric approaches based on asymptotic normality.
Revised:  As a by-product, we also construct CIs for extremal quantiles of coefficients in linear random coefficient models. For any fixed k, the CIs are uniformly valid without parametric assumptions and exhibit superior small sample coverage and length properties than alternative nonparametric approaches based on asymptotic normality.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions and exhibit superior small sample coverage and length properties than alternative nonparametric approaches based on asymptotic normality.
Revised:  The new CIs are robustly valid without parametric assumptions over a set of nonparametric data generating processes associated with various tail indices. Simulation studies show that our CIs exhibit superior small-sample coverage and length properties than alternative nonparametric approaches based on asymptotic normality.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Applying the proposed method  , we study the tail risk of the monthly U. S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Revised:  Applying the proposed method to Natality Vital Statistics , we study the tail risk of the monthly U. S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size;
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Applying the proposed method  , we study the tail risk of the monthly U. S. stock returns and find that (i) the left tail features of stock returns and those of the Fama-French regression residuals heavily depend on other stock characteristics such as stock size; and (ii) the alpha's and beta's are strongly heterogeneous across stocks in the Fama-French regression. These findings suggest that the Fama-French model may be insufficient to characterize the tail behavior of stock returns .
Revised:  Applying the proposed method , we study factors of extremely low birth weights. We find that signs of major effects are the same as those found in preceding studies based on parametric models, but with different magnitudes .
Edit intent: meaning-changed