wanyu/IteraTeR_full_sent huggingface dataset:
Original: Eukaryotic cells can detect the direction of a chemoattractant gradient precisely by generating intracellular gradients of signaling molecules that mirror the extracellular gradient ? an ability called directional sensing.
Revised: Eukaryotic cells can detect the direction of a chemoattractant gradient precisely by generating intracellular gradients of signaling molecules that reflect the extracellular chemical gradient - an ability called directional sensing.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant  along the cell body.
Revised:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in a static chemoattractant gradient, the shapes of the intracellular gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant along the cell body.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant  along the cell body.
Revised:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules are determined by the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant along the cell body.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant  along the cell body.
Revised:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness , rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant along the cell body.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant  along the cell body.
Revised:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration , of the chemoattractant along the cell body.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant  along the cell body.
Revised:  Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in spatially-graded stimuli, the internal gradients of the signaling molecules at steady state reflect the relative steepness -- rather than the absolute concentration -- of the chemoattractant gradient along the cell body.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Second, upon a spatially homogeneous temporal increase in the chemoattractant concentration, the signaling molecule is transiently activated such that the response magnitude is determined by the ratio of the change in the input stimuli before and after the increase .
Revised:  Second, upon a spatially homogeneous temporal increase in the input stimulus, the intracellular signaling molecules are transiently activated such that the response magnitude is determined by the ratio of the change in the input stimuli before and after the increase .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Second, upon a spatially homogeneous temporal increase in the chemoattractant concentration, the signaling molecule is transiently activated such that the response magnitude is determined by the ratio of the change in the input stimuli before and after the increase .
Revised:  Second, upon a spatially homogeneous temporal increase in the chemoattractant concentration, the signaling molecule is transiently activated such that the response magnitudes are dependent on fold changes of the stimulus, not on absolute levels .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, i.e., local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose the hypothesis that the two scaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Revised:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose the hypothesis that the two scaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, i.e., local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose the hypothesis that the two scaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Revised:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, i.e., local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose a hypothesis that the two scaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, i.e., local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose the hypothesis that the two scaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Revised:  Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, i.e., local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose the hypothesis that the two rescaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The stochastic human-controlled vehicle (HV) motions were modeled based on 1.3 million miles of naturalistic driving data collected by the University of Michigan Safety Pilot Model Deployment Program.
Revised:  The stochastic human-controlled vehicle (HV) motions are modeled based on 1.3 million miles of naturalistic driving data collected by the University of Michigan Safety Pilot Model Deployment Program.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Modern industrial solutions deploy multi-hop topologies in order to bridge larger distances without necessarily shortening nodes' battery lifetime. This poses a significant challenge, as multi-hop analysis for heterogeneous wireless networks does not exist prior to our work.
Revised:  Modern industrial solutions deploy multi-hop topologies in order to address these needs. We design delay-bound-based algorithms for transmit power minimization and network lifetime maximization of multi-hop analysis for heterogeneous wireless networks does not exist prior to our work.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  This poses a significant challenge, as multi-hop analysis for heterogeneous wireless networks does not exist prior to our work. We overcome this challenge by extending a newly developed methodology based on (min,x) network calculus and provide a closed-form expression for the end-to-end delay violation probability over a cascade of heterogeneous buffered wireless fading channels.
Revised:  This poses a significant challenge, as multi-hop analysis for heterogeneous wireless networks using our previously developed stochastic network calculus approach for performance analysis of a cascade of heterogeneous buffered wireless fading channels.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We overcome this challenge by extending a newly developed methodology based on (min,x) network calculus and provide a closed-form expression for the end-to-end delay violation probability over a cascade of heterogeneous buffered wireless fading channels.
Revised:  We overcome this challenge by extending a newly developed methodology based on (min,x) network calculus and provide a closed-form expression for the end-to-end delay violation probability over a cascade of buffered wireless fading channels.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Our numerical study shows an overall transmit power savings of up to 95\% when compared to a fixed power allocation . We also apply our algorithm to a realistic WirelessHART network setup and observe that link heterogeneity can significantly influence network lifetime when no efficient power management is applied.
Revised:  Our numerical study shows an overall transmit power savings of up to 95\% when compared to a fixed power allocation scheme when using a service model in terms of the Shannon capacity limit. For a more realistic set-up, we evaluate the performance of the suggested algorithm in a WirelessHART network, which is a widely used communication standard for process automation and other industrial applications. We find that link heterogeneity can significantly influence network lifetime when no efficient power management is applied.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Autophagy selectivity must not only select the correct type URLanelle, but  must discriminate between URLanelles of the same kind . In the context of peroxisomes, we use computational models to explore the hypothesis that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the surface of URLanelle provides an appropriate all-or-none signal for degradation.
Revised:  Autophagy selectivity must not only select the correct type URLanelle, but must discriminate between URLanelles of the same kind so that some but not all of URLanelles are removed. We propose that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the surface of URLanelle provides an appropriate all-or-none signal for degradation.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the context of peroxisomes, we use computational models to explore the hypothesis that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the surface of URLanelle provides an appropriate all-or-none signal for degradation.
Revised:  In the context of peroxisomes, we use computational models to explore the hypothesis that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on URLanelle surface can provide an appropriate all-or-none signal for degradation.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the context of peroxisomes, we use computational models to explore the hypothesis that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the surface of URLanelle provides an appropriate all-or-none signal for degradation. The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013).
Revised:  In the context of peroxisomes, we use computational models to explore the hypothesis that physical clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the surface of URLanelle provides an appropriate all-or-none signal URLanelle degradation. We explore this proposal using a computational model restricted to peroxisomes and the relatively well characterized pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013).
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013).
Revised:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 %DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013).
Revised:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% , 2013).
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. , 2013). Extending earlier work by addressing the initial nucleation of NBR1 clusters on individual peroxisomes, we find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them due to competitive coarseninglast, resulting in significant size-selectivity favouring large peroxisomes.
Revised:  The pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62 are well characterized, though only NBR1 is essential for pexophagy (Deosaran%DIFDELCMD < {\em %%% et al. . We find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them due to competitive coarseninglast, resulting in significant size-selectivity favouring large peroxisomes.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Extending earlier work by addressing the initial nucleation of NBR1 clusters on individual peroxisomes, we find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them due to competitive coarseninglast, resulting in significant size-selectivity favouring large peroxisomes.
Revised:  Extending earlier work by addressing the initial nucleation of NBR1 clusters on individual peroxisomes, we find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them last through competitive coarsening. This results in significant size-selectivity favouring large peroxisomes.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  Extending earlier work by addressing the initial nucleation of NBR1 clusters on individual peroxisomes, we find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them due to competitive coarseninglast, resulting in significant size-selectivity favouring large peroxisomes. This effect can explain the increased catalase signal that results from experimental siRNA inhibition of p62.
Revised:  Extending earlier work by addressing the initial nucleation of NBR1 clusters on individual peroxisomes, we find that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them due to competitive coarseninglast, resulting in significant size-selectivity that favors large peroxisomes, and can explain the increased catalase signal that results from experimental siRNA inhibition of p62.
Edit intent: coherence
Original:  We also consider receptor cluster formation on individual peroxisomes with enhanced levels of ubiquitinand find that size-selectivity, but not cluster formation , is suppressed. Thus, our selectivity mechanism does not hinder selection of individual URLanelles via enhanced ubiquitination. NBR1 cluster formation provides a viable physical mechanism for all-or-none substrate selectivity in pexophagy .
Revised:  We also consider receptor cluster formation on individual peroxisomes with enhanced levels of ubiquitinand find that size-selectivity, but not cluster formation . Our proposed selectivity mechanism thus allows all URLanelles to be degraded, while otherwise selecting only a portion URLanelles for degradation .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of  motor proteins.
Revised:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a mictrotuble (MT) with a cell cortex, in which the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of motor proteins.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of  motor proteins.
Revised:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the cell by a group of motor proteins.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of  motor proteins.
Revised:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model for studying the strength and stability of a pre-formed attachment of a MT with a rigid wall where the MT is tethered to the wall by a group of active motor proteins.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Such an attachment , formed by the specific interactions between the MT and the motors, is an analog of ligand-receptor bonds , the MT and the motors anchored on the wall being the counterparts of the ligand and receptors, respectively.
Revised:  Such an attachment is a particularly unique case of ligand-receptor bonds , the MT and the motors anchored on the wall being the counterparts of the ligand and receptors, respectively.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Such an attachment , formed by the specific interactions between the MT and the motors, is an analog of ligand-receptor bonds , the MT and the motors anchored on the wall being the counterparts of the ligand and receptors, respectively. However, unlike other ligands, the length of a MT can change with time because of its polymerization-depolymerization kinetics .
Revised:  Such an attachment , formed by the specific interactions between the MT and the motors, is an analog of ligand-receptor bonds : The MT ligand changes its length (and thus binding sites) with time by polymerization-depolymerization kinetics .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  However, unlike other ligands, the length of a MT can change with time because of its polymerization-depolymerization kinetics . The simple model developed here is motivated by the MTs linked to the cell cortex by dynein motors .
Revised:  However, unlike other ligands, the length of a MT can change with time because of its polymerization-depolymerization kinetics , while multiple motor receptors tend to walk actively along the MT length. These processes, combined with force-mediated unbinding of the motors, result in an elaborate behavior of the MT connection to the cell cortex by dynein motors .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  We present the theory for both force-ramp and force-clamp conditions. In the force-ramp protocol we investigate the strength of the attachment by assuming imposition of a time-dependent external load tension that increases linearly with time till the attachment gets ruptured, we calculate the distribution of the rupture forces that fluctuates from one loading to another.
Revised:  We present the theory for both force-ramp and force-clamp and force-ramp protocol we investigate the strength of the attachment by assuming imposition of a time-dependent external load tension that increases linearly with time till the attachment gets ruptured, we calculate the distribution of the rupture forces that fluctuates from one loading to another.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the force-ramp protocol we investigate the strength of the attachment by assuming imposition of a time-dependent external load tension that increases linearly with time till the attachment gets ruptured, we calculate the distribution of the rupture forces that fluctuates from one loading to another.
Revised:  In the force-ramp protocols when external tension is applied to the MT. The simulation results reveal that the attachment by assuming imposition of a time-dependent external load tension that increases linearly with time till the attachment gets ruptured, we calculate the distribution of the rupture forces that fluctuates from one loading to another.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  In the force-ramp protocol we investigate the strength of the attachment by assuming imposition of a time-dependent external load tension that increases linearly with time till the attachment gets ruptured, we calculate the distribution of the rupture forces that fluctuates from one loading to another. In the force-clamp protocol, to test the stability, we compute the distribution of the lifetimes of the attachments under externally applied time-independent load tension, the results establish the MT-wall attachment to be an analog of a slip-bond  .
Revised:  In the force-ramp protocol we investigate the strength of the MT-cell attachment behaves as a catch-bond or slip-bond .
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  In the force-clamp protocol, to test the stability, we compute the distribution of the lifetimes of the attachments under externally applied time-independent load tension, the results establish the MT-wall attachment to be an analog of a slip-bond  .
Revised:  In the force-clamp protocol, to test the stability, we compute the distribution of the lifetimes of the attachments under externally applied time-independent load tension, the results establish the MT-wall attachment to be an analog of a slip-bond depending on system parameters. We provide analytical approximations of the lifetime and discuss implications of our results on in-vitro experiments .
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Revised: The initial theoretical connections between Leontief input-output models and Markov chains were established back in 1950s. However, considering the wide variety of mathematical properties of Markov chains, there has not been a full investigation of evolving world economic networks with Markov chain formalism. Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Edit intent: meaning-changed
Original:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Revised:  Using the recently available world input-output database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Edit intent: fluency
Original:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Revised:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolution of the world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Edit intent: clarity
Original:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network ( from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Revised:  Using the recently available World Input-Output Database , we modeled the evolving world economic network from 1995 to 2011 ) with a series of time-homogeneous finite Markov chains.
Edit intent: fluency