vlkn/deft_definitions · Datasets at Hugging Face

tokens stringlengths 30 539	Term stringlengths 2 168
Conflict theory looks at society as a competition for limited resources.	Conflict theory
This can lead to a sense of xenophobia, which is an illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.	a sense of xenophobia
Such soft news presents news in an entertaining and approachable manner, painlessly introducing a variety of topics.	soft news
Positron emission tomography( PET) scans create pictures of the living, active brain.	Positron emission tomography PET
Unlike public goods, which all people may use without charge, common goods are in limited supply.	common goods
Although not well understood, Ménière 's disease results in a degeneration of inner ear structures that can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus( constant ringing or buzzing), vertigo( a sense of spinning), and an increase in pressure within the inner ear( Semaan & Megerian, 2011).	Ménière 's disease
This difference in charge across the membrane, called the membrane potential, provides energy for the signal.	the membrane potential
She fought against foot binding, a cultural tradition where girls ’ feet were tightly bound to keep them from growing, and shared her personal food and money when those around her were suffering.	foot binding
In the G2 phase, the cell replenishes its energy stores and synthesizes proteins necessary for chromosome manipulation.	the G2 phase
Annelids show protostomic development in embryonic stages and are often called “ segmented worms ” due to their key characteristic of metamerism, or true segmentation.	Annelids
The overall body can be divided into head, body, and pygidium( or tail).	pygidium
The neurotransmitters are transported across the very small distances between nerve cells, which are called chemical synapses.	chemical synapses ( [ link ] )
The second world was the in - between category : nations not as limited in development as the third world, but not as well off as the first world, having moderate economies and standard of living, such as China or Cuba.	The second world
In addition, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation( FDIC) protects the savings of the average person.	the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FDIC
Here the cells in the blastula arrange themselves in two layers : the inner cell mass, and an outer layer called the trophoblast.	the trophoblast
Carnivores are animals that eat other animals.	Carnivores
If a characteristic is found in the ancestor of a group, it is considered a shared ancestral character because all of the organisms in the taxon or clade have that trait.	a shared ancestral character
The morphology of the simplest sponges takes the shape of a cylinder with a large central cavity, the spongocoel, occupying the inside of the cylinder.	the spongocoel
In the event of a bank run, sound banks,( banks that were not bankrupt) could borrow as much cash as they needed from the Fed ’s discount “ window ” to quell the bank run.	sound banks
Instead, economists use game theory, a branch of mathematics that analyzes situations in which players must make decisions and then receive payoffs based on what other players decide to do.	game theory
Cohesion allows for the development of surface tension, the capacity of a substance to withstand being ruptured when placed under tension or stress.	surface tension
People who suffer from diabetes do not produce enough insulin ; therefore, they must take medications that stimulate or replace insulin production, and they must closely control the amount of sugars and carbohydrates they consume. The gonads secrete sexual hormones, which are important in reproduction, and mediate both sexual motivation and behavior.	diabetes The gonads
To explore these questions, we turn to demography, or the study of populations.	demography
When glucose levels decline in the cell, accumulating cAMP binds to the positive regulator catabolite activator protein( CAP), a protein that binds to the promoters of operons that control the processing of alternative sugars.	catabolite activator protein CAP
As we ’ve learned, CPI measures prices as they affect everyday household spending.	CPI
This outcome is an important example of a macroeconomic externality, where what happens at the macro level is different from and inferior to what happens at the micro level.	a macroeconomic externality
There were allegations of racial profiling — the use by law enforcement of race alone to determine whether to stop and detain someone — a national discussion about “ Stand Your Ground Laws, ” and a failed lawsuit in which Zimmerman accused NBC of airing an edited version of the 911 call that made him appear racist.	racial profiling
An instrumental leader is one who is goal - oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.	An instrumental leader
Gender dysphoria is a diagnostic category in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders( DSM-5) that describes individuals who do not identify as the gender that most people would assume they are.	Gender dysphoria
Evolutionary psychology is a discipline that studies how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time as a result of natural selection.	Evolutionary psychology
These velocities are called relative velocities.	relative
Receptors, proteins on the cell surface where neurotransmitters attach, vary in shape, with different shapes “ matching ” different neurotransmitters.	Receptors
A postzygotic barrier occurs after zygote formation ; this includes organisms that do n’t survive the embryonic stage and those that are born sterile.	A postzygotic barrier
The observable traits expressed by an organism are referred to as its phenotype.	phenotype
During inhalation, air enters the body through the nasal cavity located just inside the nose.	inhalation
On the other hand, in noncompetitive inhibition, an inhibitor molecule binds to the enzyme in a location other than an allosteric site and still manages to block substrate binding to the active site.	noncompetitive inhibition
Additionally, we possess general senses, also called somatosensation, which respond to stimuli like temperature, pain, pressure, and vibration.	somatosensation
The organization lobbied state legislators to raise the drinking age and impose tougher penalties, but without success.	The organization
Mineral soils form directly from the weathering of bedrock, the solid rock that lies beneath the soil, and therefore, they have a similar composition to the original rock.	Mineral soils bedrock
Gametangia( singular, gametangium) are structures observed on multicellular haploid gametophytes.	Gametangia
Referring to what became known as the Fourteen Points, Wilson called for openness in all matters of diplomacy and trade, specifically, free trade, freedom of the seas, an end to secret treaties and negotiations, promotion of self - determination of all nations, and more.	the Fourteen Points
Behaviorism is a school of thought that arose during the first part of the 20th century, which incorporates elements of Pavlov ’s classical conditioning( Hunt, 2007).	Behaviorism
Sleep is a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest that occur during wakefulness.	Sleep
The ground substance is made of an organic substance( usually a protein) and an inorganic substance( usually a mineral or water).	The ground substance
Intellectual property rights include patents, which give the inventor the exclusive legal right to make, use, or sell the invention for a limited time, and copyright laws, which give the author an exclusive legal right over works of literature, music, film/ video, and pictures.	patents copyright laws
The actor - observer bias is the phenomenon of attributing other people ’s behavior to internal factors( fundamental attribution error) while attributing our own behavior to situational forces( Jones & Nisbett, 1971 ; Nisbett, Caputo, Legant, & Marecek, 1973 ; Choi & Nisbett, 1998).	The actor - observer bias
A serotype is a strain of bacteria that carries a set of similar antigens on its cell surface, and there are often many different serotypes of a bacterial species.	A serotype
Scientists can determine the amount of energy of a wave by measuring its wavelength, the distance between consecutive points of a wave.	wavelength
Altruism is people ’s desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits of helping.	Altruism
In Buckley v. Valeo( 1976), the Supreme Court upheld Congress ’s right to regulate elections by restricting contributions to campaigns and candidates.	Buckley v. Valeo ( 1976 )
Cluster C disorders include avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive - compulsive personality disorder( which is not the same thing as obsessive - compulsive disorder).	Cluster C disorders
Another type of hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbons, consists of closed rings of carbon atoms.	aromatic hydrocarbons
When firms act together in this way to reduce output and keep prices high, it is called collusion.	collusion
In central sleep apnea, disruption in signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing cause periods of interrupted breathing( White, 2005).	central sleep apnea
The TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test is another tool designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups, especially Hispanic youths.	The TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test
The B horizon is an accumulation of mostly fine material that has moved downward, resulting in a dense layer in the soil.	The B horizon
Religious beliefs are specific ideas members of a particular faith hold to be true, such as that Jesus Christ was the son of God, or that reincarnation exists.	Religious beliefs
Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure at which a gas coexists with its solid or liquid phase.	Vapor pressure
Divergent thinking can be described as thinking “ outside the box ; ” it allows an individual to arrive at unique, multiple solutions to a given problem.	Divergent thinking
Downsizing is an increasingly common response to a business ’s pronounced failure to achieve profit goals, and it involves laying off a significant percentage of the company ’s employees.	Downsizing
The income elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.	The income elasticity of demand
Monosaccharides( mono- = “ one ” ; sacchar- = “ sweet ”) are simple sugars, the most common of which is glucose.	Monosaccharides
Finally, fatuous love is defined by having passion and commitment, but no intimacy, such as a long term sexual love affair.	fatuous love
Cell - surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane - anchored( integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules.	Cell - surface receptors transmembrane receptors
Embedded in the thylakoid membrane is chlorophyll, a pigment( molecule that absorbs light) responsible for the initial interaction between light and plant material, and numerous proteins that make up the electron transport chain.	chlorophyll
The rotifers are a microscopic( about 100 µm to 30 mm) group of mostly aquatic organisms that get their name from the corona, a rotating, wheel - like structure that is covered with cilia at their anterior end.	The rotifers
Redlining is the practice of routinely refusing mortgages for households and businesses located in predominately minority communities, while sedimentation of racial inequality describes the intergenerational impact of both practical and legalized racism that limits the abilities of black people to accumulate wealth.	Redlining sedimentation of racial inequality
Piaget ’s second stage is the preoperational stage, which is from approximately 2 to 7 years old.	the preoperational stage
Nearly all animals employ a diploid - dominant life - cycle strategy in which the only haploid cells produced by the organism are the gametes.	a diploid - dominant life - cycle strategy
Conditioned behaviors are types of associative learning, where a stimulus becomes associated with a consequence.	Conditioned behaviors
This is called pseudostratified, columnar epithelia.	pseudostratified , columnar epithelia
Some interest groups develop as grassroots movements, which often begin from the bottom up among a small number of people at the local level.	grassroots movements
The national security advisor heads the president ’s National Security Council, a group of senior - level staff from multiple foreign policy agencies, and is generally the president ’s top foreign policy advisor.	The national security advisor National Security Council
The induced - fit model expands upon the lock - and - key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate.	The induced - fit model
An alternate assumption is that people and firms act with adaptive expectations : they look at past experience and gradually adapt their beliefs and behavior as circumstances change, but are not perfect synthesizers of information and accurate predictors of the future in the sense of rational expectations theory.	adaptive expectations
The price elasticity of supply is the percentage change in quantity supplied divided by the percentage change in price. Elasticities can be usefully divided into three broad categories : elastic, inelastic, and unitary.	The price elasticity of supply
A conservative force is one, like the gravitational force, for which work done by or against it depends only on the starting and ending points of a motion and not on the path taken.	A conservative force
It is based on the idea of free will, that people are born equal with the right to make decisions without government intervention.	free will
In simple terms, the theory states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off.	the theory
You can hedge, which means using a financial transaction to protect yourself against a risk from one of your investments( in this case, currency risk from the contract).	hedge
What they found became known as the Zeeman effect, which involved spectral lines being split into two or more separate emission lines by an external magnetic field, as shown in.	the Zeeman effect
The plumule is composed of the epicotyl, young leaves, and the shoot apical meristem. Upon germination in dicot seeds, the epicotyl is shaped like a hook with the plumule pointing downwards.	The plumule
Fracking, another word for hydraulic fracturing, is a method used to recover gas and oil from shale by drilling down into the earth and directing a high - pressure mixture of water, sand, and proprietary chemicals into the rock.	Fracking hydraulic fracturing
One of the advantages of secondary data is that it is nonreactive research( or unobtrusive research), meaning that it does not include direct contact with subjects and will not alter or influence people ’s behaviors.	nonreactive research unobtrusive research
A blood vessel and a nerve are found in the center of the structure within the Haversian canal, with radiating circles of lacunae around it known as lamellae.	lamellae
The atrium collects blood that has returned from the body and the ventricle pumps the blood to the gills where gas exchange occurs and the blood is re - oxygenated ; this is called gill circulation.	gill circulation
So money serves all of these functions — it is a medium of exchange, store of value, unit of account, and standard of deferred payment.	money
Photoperiodism is the ability to use light to track time.	Photoperiodism
Heat transfer by radiation occurs when microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, or another form of electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed.	Heat transfer by radiation
Symphyses are found at the joints between vertebrae.	Symphyses
A symporter carries two different ions or molecules, both in the same direction.	A symporter
The chordates are named for the notochord, which is a flexible, rod - shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and in the adult stage of some chordate species.	the notochord
One component of flexible response was the Green Berets, a U.S. Army Special Forces unit trained in counterinsurgency — the military suppression of rebel and nationalist groups in foreign nations.	the Green Berets
The long - run process of reducing production in response to a sustained pattern of losses is called exit.	exit
Saliva also contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that begins the process of converting starches in the food into a disaccharide called maltose.	an enzyme called salivary amylase
A newton - meter is given the special name joule( J), and 1 J = 1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m2/ s 21 J = 1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m2/ s2 size 12 { 1 " J " = 1 " N " cdot m = 1 " kg " cdot m rSup { size 8 { 2 } } "/ s " rSup { size 8 { 2 } } } { }.	A newton - meter
Biases tend to “ preserve that which is already established — to maintain our preexisting knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and hypotheses ”( Aronson, 1995 ; Kahneman, 2011).	Biases
Political philosopher Herbert Spencer took Darwin ’s theory of evolution further, coining the actual phrase “ survival of the fittest, ” and later helping to popularize the phrase social Darwinism to posit that society evolved much like a natural organism, wherein some individuals will succeed due to racially and ethnically inherent traits, and their ability to adapt.	social Darwinism
A simulation model is an ecosystem model that is created using complex computer algorithms to holistically model ecosystems and to predict the effects of environmental disturbances on ecosystem structure and dynamics.	A simulation model
The cranial bones are eight bones that form the cranial cavity, which encloses the brain and serves as an attachment site for the muscles of the head and neck.	The cranial bones

Conflict theory looks at society as a competition for limited resources.

Conflict theory

This can lead to a sense of xenophobia, which is an illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

a sense of xenophobia

Such soft news presents news in an entertaining and approachable manner, painlessly introducing a variety of topics.

soft news

Positron emission tomography( PET) scans create pictures of the living, active brain.

Positron emission tomography PET

Unlike public goods, which all people may use without charge, common goods are in limited supply.

common goods

Although not well understood, Ménière 's disease results in a degeneration of inner ear structures that can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus( constant ringing or buzzing), vertigo( a sense of spinning), and an increase in pressure within the inner ear( Semaan & Megerian, 2011).

Ménière 's disease

This difference in charge across the membrane, called the membrane potential, provides energy for the signal.

the membrane potential

She fought against foot binding, a cultural tradition where girls ’ feet were tightly bound to keep them from growing, and shared her personal food and money when those around her were suffering.

foot binding

In the G2 phase, the cell replenishes its energy stores and synthesizes proteins necessary for chromosome manipulation.

the G2 phase

Annelids show protostomic development in embryonic stages and are often called “ segmented worms ” due to their key characteristic of metamerism, or true segmentation.

Annelids

The overall body can be divided into head, body, and pygidium( or tail).

pygidium

The neurotransmitters are transported across the very small distances between nerve cells, which are called chemical synapses.

chemical synapses ( [ link ] )

The second world was the in - between category : nations not as limited in development as the third world, but not as well off as the first world, having moderate economies and standard of living, such as China or Cuba.

The second world

In addition, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation( FDIC) protects the savings of the average person.

the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FDIC

Here the cells in the blastula arrange themselves in two layers : the inner cell mass, and an outer layer called the trophoblast.

the trophoblast

Carnivores are animals that eat other animals.

Carnivores

If a characteristic is found in the ancestor of a group, it is considered a shared ancestral character because all of the organisms in the taxon or clade have that trait.

a shared ancestral character

The morphology of the simplest sponges takes the shape of a cylinder with a large central cavity, the spongocoel, occupying the inside of the cylinder.

the spongocoel

In the event of a bank run, sound banks,( banks that were not bankrupt) could borrow as much cash as they needed from the Fed ’s discount “ window ” to quell the bank run.

sound banks

Instead, economists use game theory, a branch of mathematics that analyzes situations in which players must make decisions and then receive payoffs based on what other players decide to do.

game theory

Cohesion allows for the development of surface tension, the capacity of a substance to withstand being ruptured when placed under tension or stress.

surface tension

People who suffer from diabetes do not produce enough insulin ; therefore, they must take medications that stimulate or replace insulin production, and they must closely control the amount of sugars and carbohydrates they consume. The gonads secrete sexual hormones, which are important in reproduction, and mediate both sexual motivation and behavior.

diabetes The gonads

To explore these questions, we turn to demography, or the study of populations.

demography

When glucose levels decline in the cell, accumulating cAMP binds to the positive regulator catabolite activator protein( CAP), a protein that binds to the promoters of operons that control the processing of alternative sugars.

catabolite activator protein CAP

As we ’ve learned, CPI measures prices as they affect everyday household spending.

CPI

This outcome is an important example of a macroeconomic externality, where what happens at the macro level is different from and inferior to what happens at the micro level.

a macroeconomic externality

There were allegations of racial profiling — the use by law enforcement of race alone to determine whether to stop and detain someone — a national discussion about “ Stand Your Ground Laws, ” and a failed lawsuit in which Zimmerman accused NBC of airing an edited version of the 911 call that made him appear racist.

racial profiling

An instrumental leader is one who is goal - oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.

An instrumental leader

Gender dysphoria is a diagnostic category in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders( DSM-5) that describes individuals who do not identify as the gender that most people would assume they are.

Gender dysphoria

Evolutionary psychology is a discipline that studies how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time as a result of natural selection.

Evolutionary psychology

These velocities are called relative velocities.

relative

Receptors, proteins on the cell surface where neurotransmitters attach, vary in shape, with different shapes “ matching ” different neurotransmitters.

Receptors

A postzygotic barrier occurs after zygote formation ; this includes organisms that do n’t survive the embryonic stage and those that are born sterile.

A postzygotic barrier

The observable traits expressed by an organism are referred to as its phenotype.

phenotype

During inhalation, air enters the body through the nasal cavity located just inside the nose.

inhalation

On the other hand, in noncompetitive inhibition, an inhibitor molecule binds to the enzyme in a location other than an allosteric site and still manages to block substrate binding to the active site.

noncompetitive inhibition

Additionally, we possess general senses, also called somatosensation, which respond to stimuli like temperature, pain, pressure, and vibration.

somatosensation

The organization lobbied state legislators to raise the drinking age and impose tougher penalties, but without success.

The organization

Mineral soils form directly from the weathering of bedrock, the solid rock that lies beneath the soil, and therefore, they have a similar composition to the original rock.

Mineral soils bedrock

Gametangia( singular, gametangium) are structures observed on multicellular haploid gametophytes.

Gametangia

Referring to what became known as the Fourteen Points, Wilson called for openness in all matters of diplomacy and trade, specifically, free trade, freedom of the seas, an end to secret treaties and negotiations, promotion of self - determination of all nations, and more.

the Fourteen Points

Behaviorism is a school of thought that arose during the first part of the 20th century, which incorporates elements of Pavlov ’s classical conditioning( Hunt, 2007).

Behaviorism

Sleep is a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest that occur during wakefulness.

Sleep

The ground substance is made of an organic substance( usually a protein) and an inorganic substance( usually a mineral or water).

The ground substance

Intellectual property rights include patents, which give the inventor the exclusive legal right to make, use, or sell the invention for a limited time, and copyright laws, which give the author an exclusive legal right over works of literature, music, film/ video, and pictures.

patents copyright laws

The actor - observer bias is the phenomenon of attributing other people ’s behavior to internal factors( fundamental attribution error) while attributing our own behavior to situational forces( Jones & Nisbett, 1971 ; Nisbett, Caputo, Legant, & Marecek, 1973 ; Choi & Nisbett, 1998).

The actor - observer bias

A serotype is a strain of bacteria that carries a set of similar antigens on its cell surface, and there are often many different serotypes of a bacterial species.

A serotype

Scientists can determine the amount of energy of a wave by measuring its wavelength, the distance between consecutive points of a wave.

wavelength

Altruism is people ’s desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits of helping.

Altruism

In Buckley v. Valeo( 1976), the Supreme Court upheld Congress ’s right to regulate elections by restricting contributions to campaigns and candidates.

Buckley v. Valeo ( 1976 )

Cluster C disorders include avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive - compulsive personality disorder( which is not the same thing as obsessive - compulsive disorder).

Cluster C disorders

Another type of hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbons, consists of closed rings of carbon atoms.

aromatic hydrocarbons

When firms act together in this way to reduce output and keep prices high, it is called collusion.

collusion

In central sleep apnea, disruption in signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing cause periods of interrupted breathing( White, 2005).

central sleep apnea

The TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test is another tool designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups, especially Hispanic youths.

The TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

The B horizon is an accumulation of mostly fine material that has moved downward, resulting in a dense layer in the soil.

The B horizon

Religious beliefs are specific ideas members of a particular faith hold to be true, such as that Jesus Christ was the son of God, or that reincarnation exists.

Religious beliefs

Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure at which a gas coexists with its solid or liquid phase.

Vapor pressure

Divergent thinking can be described as thinking “ outside the box ; ” it allows an individual to arrive at unique, multiple solutions to a given problem.

Divergent thinking

Downsizing is an increasingly common response to a business ’s pronounced failure to achieve profit goals, and it involves laying off a significant percentage of the company ’s employees.

Downsizing

The income elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.

The income elasticity of demand

Monosaccharides( mono- = “ one ” ; sacchar- = “ sweet ”) are simple sugars, the most common of which is glucose.

Monosaccharides

Finally, fatuous love is defined by having passion and commitment, but no intimacy, such as a long term sexual love affair.

fatuous love

Cell - surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane - anchored( integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules.

Cell - surface receptors transmembrane receptors

Embedded in the thylakoid membrane is chlorophyll, a pigment( molecule that absorbs light) responsible for the initial interaction between light and plant material, and numerous proteins that make up the electron transport chain.

chlorophyll

The rotifers are a microscopic( about 100 µm to 30 mm) group of mostly aquatic organisms that get their name from the corona, a rotating, wheel - like structure that is covered with cilia at their anterior end.

The rotifers

Redlining is the practice of routinely refusing mortgages for households and businesses located in predominately minority communities, while sedimentation of racial inequality describes the intergenerational impact of both practical and legalized racism that limits the abilities of black people to accumulate wealth.

Redlining sedimentation of racial inequality

Piaget ’s second stage is the preoperational stage, which is from approximately 2 to 7 years old.

the preoperational stage

Nearly all animals employ a diploid - dominant life - cycle strategy in which the only haploid cells produced by the organism are the gametes.

a diploid - dominant life - cycle strategy

Conditioned behaviors are types of associative learning, where a stimulus becomes associated with a consequence.

Conditioned behaviors

This is called pseudostratified, columnar epithelia.

pseudostratified , columnar epithelia

Some interest groups develop as grassroots movements, which often begin from the bottom up among a small number of people at the local level.

grassroots movements

The national security advisor heads the president ’s National Security Council, a group of senior - level staff from multiple foreign policy agencies, and is generally the president ’s top foreign policy advisor.

The national security advisor National Security Council

The induced - fit model expands upon the lock - and - key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate.

The induced - fit model

An alternate assumption is that people and firms act with adaptive expectations : they look at past experience and gradually adapt their beliefs and behavior as circumstances change, but are not perfect synthesizers of information and accurate predictors of the future in the sense of rational expectations theory.

adaptive expectations

The price elasticity of supply is the percentage change in quantity supplied divided by the percentage change in price. Elasticities can be usefully divided into three broad categories : elastic, inelastic, and unitary.

The price elasticity of supply

A conservative force is one, like the gravitational force, for which work done by or against it depends only on the starting and ending points of a motion and not on the path taken.

A conservative force

It is based on the idea of free will, that people are born equal with the right to make decisions without government intervention.

free will

In simple terms, the theory states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off.

the theory

You can hedge, which means using a financial transaction to protect yourself against a risk from one of your investments( in this case, currency risk from the contract).

hedge

What they found became known as the Zeeman effect, which involved spectral lines being split into two or more separate emission lines by an external magnetic field, as shown in.

the Zeeman effect

The plumule is composed of the epicotyl, young leaves, and the shoot apical meristem. Upon germination in dicot seeds, the epicotyl is shaped like a hook with the plumule pointing downwards.

The plumule

Fracking, another word for hydraulic fracturing, is a method used to recover gas and oil from shale by drilling down into the earth and directing a high - pressure mixture of water, sand, and proprietary chemicals into the rock.

Fracking hydraulic fracturing

One of the advantages of secondary data is that it is nonreactive research( or unobtrusive research), meaning that it does not include direct contact with subjects and will not alter or influence people ’s behaviors.

nonreactive research unobtrusive research

A blood vessel and a nerve are found in the center of the structure within the Haversian canal, with radiating circles of lacunae around it known as lamellae.

lamellae

The atrium collects blood that has returned from the body and the ventricle pumps the blood to the gills where gas exchange occurs and the blood is re - oxygenated ; this is called gill circulation.

gill circulation

So money serves all of these functions — it is a medium of exchange, store of value, unit of account, and standard of deferred payment.

money

Photoperiodism is the ability to use light to track time.

Photoperiodism

Heat transfer by radiation occurs when microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, or another form of electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed.

Heat transfer by radiation

Symphyses are found at the joints between vertebrae.

Symphyses

A symporter carries two different ions or molecules, both in the same direction.

A symporter

The chordates are named for the notochord, which is a flexible, rod - shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and in the adult stage of some chordate species.

the notochord

One component of flexible response was the Green Berets, a U.S. Army Special Forces unit trained in counterinsurgency — the military suppression of rebel and nationalist groups in foreign nations.

the Green Berets

The long - run process of reducing production in response to a sustained pattern of losses is called exit.

exit

Saliva also contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that begins the process of converting starches in the food into a disaccharide called maltose.

an enzyme called salivary amylase

A newton - meter is given the special name joule( J), and 1 J = 1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m2/ s 21 J = 1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m2/ s2 size 12 { 1 " J " = 1 " N " cdot m = 1 " kg " cdot m rSup { size 8 { 2 } } "/ s " rSup { size 8 { 2 } } } { }.

A newton - meter

Biases tend to “ preserve that which is already established — to maintain our preexisting knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and hypotheses ”( Aronson, 1995 ; Kahneman, 2011).

Biases

Political philosopher Herbert Spencer took Darwin ’s theory of evolution further, coining the actual phrase “ survival of the fittest, ” and later helping to popularize the phrase social Darwinism to posit that society evolved much like a natural organism, wherein some individuals will succeed due to racially and ethnically inherent traits, and their ability to adapt.

social Darwinism

A simulation model is an ecosystem model that is created using complex computer algorithms to holistically model ecosystems and to predict the effects of environmental disturbances on ecosystem structure and dynamics.

A simulation model

The cranial bones are eight bones that form the cranial cavity, which encloses the brain and serves as an attachment site for the muscles of the head and neck.

The cranial bones