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rta5ze

askengineers_train

Do engineers see what is going on around what they design? I’m an aircraft mechanic and I’ve wondered while busting my knuckles if engineers are basically just told “make this and make it fit here” or if they know what’s actually going on around it. For instance, today, I was replacing a permanent magnet assembly on a generator. In order to get the permanent magnet off, I had to partially remove the oil pump that sits next to the permanent magnet. The kicker to the whole thing is that you can’t totally remove the oil pump, you can only back it off the studs in which it mounts about two inches before the oil pump can’t move any farther because the permanent magnet extends outwards at a certain point. So to get the permanent magnet off, you partially remove it, then partially remove the oil pump allowing you room to finish removing the permanent magnet and if I were taking off the oil pump, only after removing the permanent magnet could I get the oil pump off. The entire time I’m looking at this, all I could think was that a little shaving of material here and there would totally alleviate the problem. So I’m just wondering, do engineers seriously not care about the difficulties in working on stuff like this or do they just not know?

hqs8yaw

hqrzmkp

Blame management, not the engineers. Turns out most of us know how to build stuff. Since it's our job and all. I started as a heavy diesel mechanic for 10 years before engineering. I used to believe that "Engineers are all idiots!" trope too.

As with most things... it depends. Sometimes yes, sometimes no. If we have the context and info available to us most of us will try to think about things like ease of access for maintenance and assembly. Often, particularly for vehicles in my experience, there's just so much stuff that has to fit in not enough space that such irritations cannot be avoided. "Production are gonna hate us..." is a common phrase in my office (boat design) - we see and identify many of these issues but it's not uncommon that there's nothing we can (feasibly) do. Given our production quantities, often it's just cheaper to accept that your production tech is gonna spend two hours on something rather than trying to design the issue out. That calculation is common - how many boats will have this issue, how many man hours in current state, multiply it out for cost, and then estimate the cost deltas for us to design it out. On low production run stuff it's rarely cheaper to design it out.

tz22kv

askacademia_train

When am I a Dr? I passed my thesis defence last week! When can I use Dr as a title? Or PhD after my name? (uk)

i3wcdzc

i3w3x1o

My committee officially called me doctor when my corrections were accepted and my diss was accepted by the school! Officially, I think it’s when your degree has been conferred. Congratulations!!!

If you passed your viva with no corrections then you will be put forward to a committee by your internal examiner (usually senate). They will then approve your doctorate and award you with your certificate. I think this is the official time can use the title. It’s sometimes the case where people need to wait for their degree to be signed off on before starting work which can be a massive pain.

wiq85c

askscience_train

Is pregnancy between the ages of 35 and 40 really a considerably higher risk? I've always heard that pregnancy over ages 35 (often called Advanced Maternal Age) is significantly more dangerous for both the woman and the baby, due to the higher risks of miscarriages, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and decrease in fertility rates (as said here, here and here, for example). But, I watched this video, from "Adam Ruins Everything", which provides evidence that the risks of getting pregnant between the ages of 35 and 40 don't increase as much as warned by the majority of doctors. So, what's the truth about pregnancy after 35? If women could have babies until they were 40 without taking any more risks, it would be better to their careers.

ijfkcxj

ijfhrrx

Pregnancy is dangerous not matter what age you are. It is the leading cause of death for girls ages 15-19 worldwide. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy But the biggest risk factors are things like: - poor overall health - lack of medical care - lack of clean water - insufficient healthy food - unhygienic living conditions - domestic abuse Age has a smaller impact. And at least for the mother, older is probably better than younger - no one should be giving birth at 14 even if their bodies are technically capable of getting pregnant, because they’re still not fully grown. Not to mention a 14-year-old girl is unlikely to be equipped to continue her education, build a career, and also care for an infant. A 40-year-old woman is much more likely to have a fully developed body, an established career, a loving partner, money to pay for a good doctor, and the life skills necessary to care for herself and a kid. From the baby’s perspective, too old and too young might be equally inadvisable. After all, if your mother is too young, you might both die during the pregnancy, or be severely impoverished afterward. If your mother has no education and no job skills and is a literal child herself, what kind of future do you have? But then again, the rates of certain severe genetic disorders in the infant do also rise significantly as the mother ages. One study pinned the ideal age for pregnancy at 30.5. https://academic.oup.com/sf/article-abstract/81/1/315/2234500 You might be thinking, “No way! That’s so old!” Because our culture talks a lot about the dangers to older mothers, but rarely about the significant dangers to young mothers. Why? Well, I don’t know of a study, but my guess would be pedophilia.

The risks increase. But so do the risks for older fathers. There are many sources, for example this one: Older fathers associated with increased birth risks For some reason, old fathers are still applauded in the news and online for having children at old age.

sfxhr4

legaladvice_train

I run a small animation company in SC (USA). We received an inquiry from a talented 15 Y/O from Australia looking for remote work. We are interested in hiring him, but I would like to know some of the laws that would be involved.

hut1phu

hutller

Not a lawyer Just to get you started on some reading material, check out USCIS. https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states

Not a lawyer. Recently researched hiring a really good candidate in Costa Rica for our US-based company. Turns out that even if we could get it to fly here, the government in Costa Rica takes exception to us jointly pretending someone there is an "independent contractor" for a foreign company if that's not an accurate description of the working relationship. So, I would take a look at how Australia (and/or the Provincial government in question) views the working relationship. Good chance they would expect your company to set up a legal AUS office and be compliant with any amd all local tax and labor laws.

l95vus

askengineers_train

Any recommendations on electronics to teardown and learn from? I have a background in mechanical engineering, and I have some knowledge about electronics from some courses (e.g., mechatronics and circuit analysis), but I don't feel like I have a firm grasp on electronics and how electronic subsystems work and work together. I want to be able to open any electronic device and describe the different circuits and their functions (sorta like how a mechanic can diagnose vehicle problems). ​ ​ I was wondering if anyone has any cool electronics that you recommend that I should take apart? I don't want disassemble something super complicated or big like a TV or a printer (unless those things aren't super complicated). But I want to take something apart that would make me look up component part numbers, look at spec sheets, have me piece together the components to figure out what that circuit does. Like a scavenger hunt. ​ ​ I would prefer something small that can fit on a typical desk. Maybe some old school electronics. If you have any ideas, then let me know!

glgzftg

glgz8bo

Older electronics are easier, and typically more interesting. A modern design is very digital, it is typically cheaper in every way to do everything in software. So essentially you end up with a microprocessor and supporting equipment such as power supply, crystal and input/output filters.

Download logic works. They have a free version of circuit building software. Same with auto desk eagle if you wanna go in depth and transfer the circuit to a pcb

8sov9g

asksciencefiction_train

[Africa - the song]When Toto blesses the rains down on Aaaaafriiicaaaaaa is he causing it to rain or is he giving the rain beneficial effects and if so, what effects? Manipulating weather is a pretty high level spell, is he a cleric or druid?

e11mntf

e12mt9l

Now I have this stupid song stuck in my head.

There was a writing prompt not too long ago that implied Toto was the ultimate vampire slayer, and had effectively made the rain holy water. So I guess cleric

1nqe2w

askengineers_train

Call for Engineers willing to be interviewed We get at least a handful of high school/first semester engineering students who come here each semester, needing to contact an engineer of type whatever To help these folks out, I'm attempting to put together a list of people who are available for this kind of interview over email/PM (the students frequently need to know your name and what company you work for, so please don't volunteer if you feel uncomfortable supplying that info). If you're interested, post below - I'll work with the mods to get the list placed somewhere people requesting the info will see it Please post your availability as: reddit username - engineering type - specialty an example: byrel - Electrical Engineering - Semiconductor Manufacturing/Test I'll try to keep this list reasonably up-to-date (make sure people are ok to be on it ever ~6months or so, ask for new people at the same time)

ccl7l0p

cclb0o5

/u/bonzoesc - Software Engineering - Databases, web, security

/u/beaverbanker - Industrial Engineering - Supply Chain Management

x40nww

explainlikeimfive_train

Explain like I'm five years old: what happens in your brain when you can’t fall back asleep? I woke up at 4am this morning and could not for the life of me fall back asleep. I tried breathing techniques, muscle relaxation exercises, and just laying in bed and I was just wide awake for no reason. Super annoying! What specifically in our brains happens when we can’t fall back asleep?

imtte9x

imwhnxv

Matthew Walker is an expert in sleep and has podcasts. I think I first watched him on YouTube as a guest on the Richroll channel. Excellent stuff!

Sleep is regulated by a couple chemicals in your body like melatonin (puts you to sleep), histamine (keeps u awake. That’s kinda why some antihistamines like promethazine knock u out), and another really important chemical is cortisol, the hormone your body releases when stressed and your body also releases it when it’s time for you to wake up, so if you woke up coz of a nightmare, you’ll probably find it hard to get back to sleep coz your nightmare stressed u out and u got too much cortisol. There are also heaps of other factors at play like blue light which causes melatonin release to be stopped, hence if you’re up at 4am scrolling reddit and wondering why u can’t sleep, your answer might be reddit, literally

pvqkwv

askbaking_train

Why can’t you add less sugar to American buttercream? Most recipes call for 1:1 up to 1:2 ratio of butter to sugar which is a lot. I know there are other types of buttercream with less sugar like Swiss meringue or ermine, but why can’t you just add less sugar to American buttercream? I’m guessing it’s something to do with the stability but what will actually happen if you use like a 2:1 or 3:2 ratio of butter to sugar, will it start to melt or not be pipeable?

hec6eoj

hebyfyw

You need more sugar so it doesn’t just taste like butter. I use cream cheese in place of half the butter, which means I can add less sugar (the end result is cream cheesy that’s gently sweet, rathe than just butter)

Then you'll basically have whipped butter with a bit of sugar. It will taste like you're eating straight butter.

f0zoi4

askscience_train

How much erosion does the international space station experience as it moves through the upper atmosphere?

fh2c7qc

fh1d5iq

Got a bit of knowledge on this one, this is the topic of my PhD. Straightforward answer, I'd estimate around 200g-2kg per year. A lot of comments are discussing micrometeors, which are an issue, but I think you're asking after the atmospheric erosion specifically, which is a big topic of discussion in satellite engineering at the moment. Atomic oxygen (single, non-ion atoms) is the main constituent gas in the upper atmosphere. As it is both chemically reactive and kinetically active (travelling ~7.8km/s), satellites like the ISS see a small mass erosion from the outer surface of the vehicle over time. While initially, it's not a huge issue, its prone to a snowballing effect (See page 11 of the paper I linked). As far as space research goes, atomic oxygen isn't particularly well understood, and your question is something that NASA are currently trying to get an accurate answer to, and mitigate. https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?q=iss+atomic+oxygen+erosion&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3Dt5Ux2JE5BUEJ

Basically zero. Density is so extremely low that it’s completely negligible. But since the velocity is high impact from micro debris (meteorites, space trash) is an actually worry instead. That’s less gradual erosion and more discrete events

sstvle

askengineers_train

What made you want to be an engineer? I’m just curious as to what everyone’s reason for wanting to be an engineer is. For me, it’s because of the first two Iron Man movies. I was in elementary school when they came out I just loved the idea that if you were smart enough you could create something something like that.

hwzzdat

hx05prg

Loved robotics club as a kid

I played with Legos and nothing else for my entire childhood.

x6gp1

askengineers_train

Engineers, How much do you make, and what do you do? Inspired by the askreddit post, I was wondering how much other engineers make. So please fill out any variation of the following: - Salary - Type of Engineering (Civil, Mech) - Job Position/Brief Description of work (Project Manager - construction of solar farms) - Years of Experience - Location (Country or State) Coop/intern students, feel free to add in yours as well ! Hourly wage is perfectly fine

c5jtbvu

c5jnbj0

Graduated May 2012 * Mountain View, CA * Space Systems Engineer * $42/hr * Typically 40-48 hours a week, some weeks up to 60 * 1 year internship experience * State University, 3.0 GPA * Also paying for my graduate school

£25,500 / $40,000 Mechanical Mechanical Engineering 2 year graduate scheme Starting in September Scotland, UK

qezdly

askculinary_train

Browning beef for bourguignon in a separate pan? I'm more or less using Julia Child's recipe (I think the only difference is the store didn't have pearl onions this time so I'm using rough-chopped onions). I typically make this in a dutch oven, but mine is oval and I'm stuck with an electric coil stove so browning the beef right in the dutch oven is annoying. If I brown the beef in a stainless steel skillet, I'm hoping to deglaze after browning the vegetables and then transfer everything to the dutch oven and then pop it in the oven. Anyone see any issues with this, other than having another pan to clean? Should I transfer at a different step, either for quality or my own convenience?

hhxth2m

hhwf9mu

A lot of times you can find pearl onions in the frozen section, they work great for beef B.

Make sure your onions arent apart of the recall

ot3bgk

askbaking_train

What is a reusable substitute to cling wrap for dough? I've seen these decorated sugar cookies and I wanted to give it a try. But I don't want to use cling wrap for the steps where I need it to rest in the fridge. Do you have a tried and tested substitute for this?

h6t6rh7

h6u8pcg

Maybe try damp linen towel?

Hi! This is just something that I do to both save time, not make a mess, and also avoid cling wrap. I recently learned from another Youtuber that has her own sugar cookie business that you can roll your dough flat between two pieces of parchment paper, stack them on a baking sheet, and cover them with a lid. So not only am I avoiding cling wrap, my cookie dough is already flat so once they’re out of the fridge I can just start cutting my shapes without all of the kneading and flour :) Baking sheet size is 13x18 and covers are from Winco.

ixsvgt

changemyview_train

CMV: For white females, black lives matter is the new punk/goth culture - and they don't really care about black lives. I don't think that its a coincidence that nearly every female protester / BLM supporter is also sporting the stereotypically punk look - with the: Septum ring, koolaid in their hair, usually a little over weight, and harshly anti male mentality through their social media posts. There is something about this movement that attracts this type of aggressive anti-system / sexually aggressive personality and it is becoming increasingly obvious to me that whites who claim to be in support of BLM are actually just wearing it as fashion statement. The men aren't much different - often sporting guaged earrings, dressy / edgy clothing that always has a hint of homosexuality (not that there's anything wrong with that!) - you will almost never see a stereotypically masculine looking man in a BLM crowd, unless its actually a black person. I dare say that whites who support BLM (By in large - in my estimate, 80+%) are remnants of emo/goth culture just looking for the next thing to be edgy and voice their hate for white men who remind them of their dads.

g68l4of

g68laz7

I guess I'm one of the exceptions in terms of appearance. Anyways, why does someone's appearance mean they aren't genuine? Why weren't punks genuine in their grievances against "the system"?

> I don't think that its a coincidence that nearly every female protester / BLM supporter is also sporting the stereotypically punk look - with the: Septum ring, koolaid in their hair, usually a little over weight, and **harshly anti male mentality through their social media posts.** I would love to know how you are somehow aware of the social media posts of "every female protester / BLM supporter" that exists. Or, are you just being needlessly hyperbolic? It doesn't help your argument when your premise #1 can be instantly disproven. For instance, I just Googled "BLM Protest" and had this return as an image of some white women (not going to use 'female' for obvious reasons) at a BLM protest. Let's go over your own list of enumerated traits. Septum ring, nope. Koolaid in hair, nope. Little overweight, nope. Harshly anti-male social media, how the fuck would we know. So, obviously, if your first premise instantly falls apart under even the slightest of scrutiny, your conclusion is necessarily false.

jxnwg1

askengineers_train

What Industry Pays The Most For Mechanical Engineers? I really like the machine shop environment. But compared to other industries it seems like it's not possible to get paid more than $100K at a machine shop or something like that. Is there another industry similar that pays well?

gcxubey

gcy6fsq

Not the one I'm in

A lot of it depends on your personality type, but Engineering Sales at a growing company can pay extremely well. I am four years out of school in May, and I will be at 115-120 this year depending if I hit my last target or not. The owner is incredibly open and honest with us that if the next two years go as well as the last two I will be in the mid 200's by 2023. This is in a MCOL area, I live about 30 minutes outside of the cities. ​ That being said, high risk high reward. If I don't produce, I won't bonus, which is \~40% of that money.

8bp089

askscience_train

Why do certain flavours go well together? E.g. chicken/coleslaw, tomato/mozarella, spinach/garlic, walnuts/honey, tuna/mayonaise?

dx95gd2

dx8xdso

A lot of the responses here are going into contrasts between tastes, but taste is actually a relatively small component in flavor when compared to smell. Smell, specifically 'retronasal' olfaction that occurs when something is in your mouth or throat, is what primarily informs our sense of flavor. Raspberries and blackberries both taste sour and sweet, but it would be very hard to tell them apart based solely on the taste, you need the smell for that. It is also important to separate out the effects that are due to texture. Much of this is up to personal taste, but most people will agree that having contrasting textures is important to the enjoyment of a meal. Your tomato and mozzarella salad may taste amazing, but we would consider a smoothie made from it disgusting mainly due to its texture. OK, so we know flavor mainly comes from smell and that texture plays a role, but is independent from flavor. So what makes certain things taste good together and others not? This is going to sound disappointing, but we don't really know for sure. This interactive graphic is one of the best I've found on the topic: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/flavor-connection-taste-map-interactive/ Basically, we know that flavors that share a lot of their aromatic compounds (volatile compounds that easily defuse into the air and can be detected in the nose) tend to taste good together. But, most recipes tend to include a cluster of related ingredients and then some that are outside of that general flavor 'neighborhood', and it's not immediately obvious how or why those contrasting flavors are complimentary instead of gross. Indian cuisine is particularly interesting in this regard because it tends to pull in flavors from all over the map, but somehow ends up with a mixture that is incredibly appealing rather than incredibly confusing. TL;DR: It's not 100% clear, but it mostly has to do with foods having similar aromatic compound profiles.

Flavour compounds are often matched in American cuisine. That's flavours that share the same chemical reaction. But in Asian cuisine, it's often mismatched flavour compounds. This is my favourite report on this topic https://www.nature.com/articles/srep00196

c5pgpq

legaladvice_train

I found a tracking device in my car. What now? NY - Two weeks ago, my car was broken into in the driveway of my home. I didn’t notice anything missing from the car, but the inner door pull on the drivers door was broken off and left on the passenger seat, which led me to believe that someone had been in the car (rather than it simply falling off from me closing the door). The following week, someone left a bouquet of red roses in the door handle of my car sometime between the time I got home at 9 pm and 8 am the next morning. My landlord put up a video surveillance in use sign after this as an interim deterrent before setting up actual cameras. The next morning, the sign was moved. No one on the property has done any of this, nor have any of our guests. I was worried that someone was following me, so had the car combed over. We didn’t find anything on the outside of the car, but I wasn’t satisfied, so I took it for a second opinion. We found a tracking device wired into the wires beneath the stereo (near the footwell of the drivers side) with a SIM card in it. All numbers on the SIM and motherboard look like they’ve been scratched off. We were able to connect the SIM to an old phone (it’s a little larger than the ones in use today). UICCD for the SIM and other information is unavailable. The device was on and blinking before it was disconnected. With this info, the cops have been unhelpful because they say it could have been installed to prevent a previous owner from defaulting on a lease and that consumer grade tracing isn’t illegal. But the device is exposed motherboard and wires and taped into place, not what I would imagine a dealer installing. I’ve spoken to my parents about it (the only people in my life who would be interested in my whereabouts) and they’re just as bewildered as I am. Is there anything I can do to have this further investigated from a legal standpoint? This is the last straw in a series of really strange anonymous harassment that’s lasted for months.

es3ojuy

es3qgy0

Do you have any tech-savy friends? I mean like software/hardware engineering types? You might be able to get further info from them.

You should also contact NY DOT to find out how to see who has run your driver license and/or vehicle registration. Federal law (Drivers Privacy Protection Act) protects this information against unauthorized disclosure. If it was disclosed to someone other than law enforcement, the police will now have a lead to work with.

kh64uu

askengineers_train

Is it too late? I'm a 31 year old man with a 1 year old son. I have been wanting to back to school for quite a while but i could never find the time or money (or so i told myself). Now that I have a child i want to do better for myself and him. My question is,is it too late for me to get into the field of electrical engineering? I've always been interested in renewable energy and would love to get a job in that field but by the time I graduate I'll be nesting 40 and my life will be half way done. Maybe it's a bit grim to think that way,but it's been a struggle for me.

ggjoxo0

ggju3nf

If it’s what you want, go for it! When I was in 3rd year, a new student showed up in some of my classes who was 40. You might be the only “old guy” in your particular classes but you for sure won’t be the only person to have ever started over like this.

Once upon a time, a 30-year old man had to choose between studying engineering school, or working as a draftsman to support his son and daughters. An old colleague and friend of his advised him to do both; work through the day, and study engineering through the night. He said it would not be easy, and that it might gray some hairs, but it would give him a better quality of life for the future. I'm the son. Am also an engineer. Don't give up- your son will be extremely proud of you one day.

wxj4g2

askbaking_train

Can I freeze a peach pie filling? Hi bakers, I want to bake a peach pie for a BBQ that we’re having in late September. I can’t guarantee the quality of peaches that I can buy then but the ones I have currently sitting on my counter are perfect. So I’m thinking about making the peach filling this week and freezing it over the next month. Have you done this before? If so, what is the best method to defrost? And - most important - how is the quality of your peach pie if you are using your pre-made filling that was frozen?! Extended family have high expectations of my pie and I don’t want to let them down! (And I don’t want to be disappointed either!) TIA!

ilrp5g9

ilrutqo

You could also can it if you’re up to the task, the peaches won’t get mushy that way…but canning is a lot of work.

Cut up the peaches, cook them in a saute pan with some sugar and spices until it's nice and thick, then dump it in a gallon Ziploc. Set the Ziploc in the pie plate you're going to eventually bake the pie in, and put it in the freezer. When you're ready to bake the pie, make the crust, insert your pre-shaped disk of peach filling, and bake like normal until it's golden and bubbly. I make about 8-10 peach pie disks every summer to have peach pie all through the winter. Works a charm!

s2bte8

askcarguys_train

what was your dream car as a kid, what do you drive now?

hseljxd

hseqqjd

BMW M3, Honda Civic Type R. No longer a fan of BMW

1989 Pontiac Trans am GTA was my Dream Car and I purchased a 1989 GTA as my first car and still own it 16 years later. I love that car

r1pk4b

askculinary_train

The Ninth Annual /r/AskCulinary Thanksgiving talk thread! Is your turkey refusing to defrost? Need to get a pound of lard out of your mother-in-law's stuffing recipe? Trying to cook for a crowd with two burners and a crockpot? Do you smell something burning? r/AskCulinary is here to answer all your Thanksgiving culinary questions and make your holiday a little less stressful! Welcome to the ninth annual r/AskCulinary Thanksgiving help discussion and the ninth anniversary of our weekly discussion posts. As always, our usual rules will be loosened for these posts where, along with the usual questions and expert answers, you are encouraged to trade recipes and personal anecdotes on the topic at hand. Obnoxiousness and food safety, will still be deleted, though. Volunteers from the r/AskCulinary community will be checking in on this post in shifts throughout most of the day, but if you see an unanswered question that you know something about, please feel free to help.

hm1gwey

hm31fct

Thoughts on my plan to revive my turkeys at their final destination? My two 14lb dry-brined and spatchcocked turkeys are going in the oven at around noon, getting transported to my aunt’s at 2, and getting eaten at 6. I plan to keep them in foil and resting for ~4 hours, and then toss them in her oven at 500 for maybe 15 minutes to crisp up the skin, then carve. I was thinking of bringing my butane torch in case the skin needs further crisping, but not sure if that’ll be overkill. Anybody have any comments or cautions? My primary concern is that the interior will be cold, but I guess I’m counting on the gravy to warm it up on the plate.

It is true that the turkey will raise 15 degrees internally while resting? Kinda nervous about pulling when thigh is 150. I was thinking more 155-160 and then letting it rest an hour

mqvun5

askbaking_train

Can I chop up any candy bar that I like and throw it in a chocolate chip cookie dough in place of chips? My main concern is texture.

guiv1i6

gujvljv

Yes.

I've froze Milky Way bars, then grated them up before adding them to the dough

zynm1y

askculinary_train

how to reduce the acidity in spaghetti sauce? What is the quick and simplest way to reduce the acidity in spaghetti sauce?

j2b8bn3

j2749so

Professional chef here. The best way to reduce the acidity in tomato sauces are to simmer low and slow for at least an hour. The Italians know what they're doing. The sauce should mellow out and get a bit sweeter and have a deeper flavor. Stir once in a while and be careful not to burn the sauce. You can also add a little water if it gets too thick and starts to spatter. Partial cover helps too. Edit: I know adding carrot can help if you have time constraints but the above method works best.

Add mushrooms, they will reduce the acidity and give your sauce a meaty favour. I like using dried mushrooms. I hydrate them in a bit of the sauce and then dice them finely.

9xqkdj

askengineers_train

Quiet Engineers How Do You Manage Your Career? Engineers who are naturally extremely quiet, how do you navigate your career and office politics? I am a naturally extremely quiet person both inside and outside work even with family and close friends. My manager mentioned I need to work on my teamwork skills. I am a new engineer with almost 2 years of experience and all of my prior projects were performed solely by myself with my supervisor occasionally providing some guidance.

e9v6yl6

e9usbk9

I used to be quiet and try to let my work speak for itself. ​ Then I realized that I was really in the business of making magical shit, and decided to grab my career by the horns and lead, as that way I could get orders of magnitude more magical shit built. ​ You can be the most technically competent person in the world and your efforts will be absolutely and completely overshadowed by the 200th most competent person in the world that shows even a modicum of leadership, even bad leadership.

Do something out of your comfort zone like karaoke.

kv84ki

changemyview_train

CMV: After leaving office, Trump becomes the biggest intelligence threat for the country Note: This CMV assumes Trump is not indicted or inprisoned for January 6 events or any other activities, and assumes he is a completely free citizen. We have not had an ex-president like Trump in the modern era, someone who on leaving office will resume personal management of an international business empire with assets in multiple countries and governments. As ex-president, Trump is also privy to top secret information of breadth and depth second to none. Army, Navy, Air Force, CIA, FBI, DHS, NSA, Trump has knowledge of it all. Tools, ongoing missions, foreign assets, research and development projects, capabilities, etc. Now every ex-president has information from their time in office, but most ex-presidents go to a secluded estate and work on their memoirs, build their libraries, and focus on crafting their long-term legacy. They might start a charitable foundation, but I am aware of none attempting the business dealings on par with Trump. This makes him a threat in two ways: quid pro quo extortion, and exposure to surviellance activities. Trump seeking license or permit in a foreign government for any building activity would be subject to pressure to provide intel to that foreign government. This has been an issue during his time in office, but the executive branch apparatus at least provides the potential that oversite and such quid pro quo activities would be found out easily. I am not aware of any requirements for monitoring and reporting for ex-presidents. With properties around the globe, maintaining security to ensure the ex-president's conversations are not tapped (both electronic or in-person) while visiting these locations is immense. Assuming Trump accepts the offer of a lifetime security detail, the resources to maintain the security of a highly visible international real-estate tycoon who is also a high value target of several powerful countries adversarial to the U.S. dwarf the resources to protect other ex-presidents. Do we honestly think China or Iran wouldn't conduct intelligence gathering operations against Trump in Scotland or the Phillipines? This is true of other ex-presidents as-well, but again, the scale of Trump is unique. I do not think any ex-president will travel internationally as much as Trump wishes to do. So please change my view on this. Let me know the systems or resources that exist, of which I am unaware, to keep the secrets in ex-president's heads secure.

gixe4b2

giwtwqc

I would actually argue that he’s less of a threat after he’s out of office than when he’s in it. Why? The biggest intelligence threat now a days are cyber security threats. Who cares what Trump’s memorized? The smartest person on the planet wouldn’t know as much as his computer. He no longer will have devices and passwords holding access to classified information. No one can send a phishing attempt to him that he could open. No one can send malicious software that could access who knows what impersonating the president. I’d argue that getting access to the computer of someone much lower than the President is a better prize than picking an ex-president’s brain.

> As ex-president, Trump is also privy to top secret information of breadth and depth second to none. Army, Navy, Air Force, CIA, FBI, DHS, NSA, Trump has knowledge of it all. No he doesn't. No ex-president gets to freely keep that information flowing to them after they leave office. Trump had/has access to that information; but by all indications he is not, and was never, a man of erudite pursuit. How much will he remember? How much information that he remembers will remain relevant in 6-12 months? > This makes him a threat in two ways: quid pro quo extortion, and exposure to surviellance activities. He's already guilty of both of those things. Mar a Laqo was a security joke, and him and all his family have been loosey goosey with cyber security from the get go. > Do we honestly think China or Iran wouldn't conduct intelligence gathering operations against Trump in Scotland or the Phillipines? They are capable of doing so, but...to what end? What information would they be able to glean from ex-president trump? > So please change my view on this. Let me know the systems or resources that exist, of which I am unaware, to keep the secrets in ex-president's heads secure. Basically, the damage Trump is capable of dealing, won't be any more substantial than anybody else. And all the various Defense and Intelligence agency's already do everything they can to mitigate this sort of thing. The biggest threats intelligence threats are almost always some low to mid-level personnel. Military Enlisted, and Defence/Intelligence Contractors are time and again the primary culprits of assisting foreign nations.

zt22y3

changemyview_train

CMV: There’s nothing wrong with telling your kids you bought them gifts not Santa I've been seeing a lot of people saying that "you'd be ruining the fun for them" how? I feel it’s okay to tell kids the reality in a way that doesn’t destroy their imagination. My kids have fun for their birthdays and they know daddy and mommy buys them gifts, cake, etc and they are just fine have fun and everything. Why can't Christmas be treated the same? Why give credit to satan aka Santa? What about the homeless kids or the poor kids that grow up believing in Santa being “good” all year just to get nothing for Christmas. Peoples first go to argument is "you must didn't have a fun childhood" Can we not use that lol. Do you guys tell your kids Santa is real why or why not

j1ezsh9

j1c7rer

Oh there’s plenty wrong with it. Kids are incapable of keeping secrets. You tell your kindergartener that Santa isn’t real, they will immediately tell every kid they know, and you will get angry phone calls from other parents, I promise. I’m not saying that doing Santa is the right choice, just that not doing it can cause problems.

I can't tell you what's wrong or right, I'm just gonna say that I miss being a kid and seeing the magical-ness of everything. Santa, tooth fairy, Easter Bunny, hell I believed in leprechauns for far longer than I believed in the others. I wish I still had that magical view of the world where reindeer fly and bunnies give you baskets full of candy. I love seeing that look in my younger siblings eyes when they see Santa in the mall in his big red chair and snowflakes everywhere. I feel like having that magic when I was younger helped my creativity bloom, but more importantly, I can still see the world through a magical lense. Like when the sun shines through a water bottle and makes a beautiful reflection or when you're sitting on a bus looking out a rain covered window and it feels like a movie. I think magic makes life more fun. I already have so many plans to help my future children believe for as long as possible.

yco9p8

asksciencefiction_train

[Scooby Doo] What is the worst thing crime-wise that a Scooby Doo villain has done? Most villains I remember where mostly committing fraud or stealing something Valuable or dressing up to scare people away from something. Was there ever a Scooby-Doo Villain who did something more nefarious like murder or assault?

ito59gt

ito2qpd

For villains from the original scoody doo where are you series I'd go with the clown from bedlam in the big top. He uses his hypnosis to put several people in extremely dangerous situations. He makes scooby doo do the high wire walk with no net. He makes Shaggy think he is a lion tamer and locks him in a cage with an agressive lion. At one point scooby is floating high off the ground with ballons and the clown starts popping them with darts. I'd say that's 3 cases of attempted murder.

The main villain of mystery incorporated destroyed the universe/timeline, and is implied to have orchestrated all the bad things happening in the entire show, so temporal omnicide? Everyone gets better.

xd7s1e

changemyview_train

CMV: The modern idea of "generations" with specific names and date ranges, is useless, baseless and meaningless. The current idea of generations is really meaningless and pointless. Specially because of the birth date ranges they provide. It could be more coherent if you had less specific and fewer generation groups such as "people over 50" and "people over 70". But if you take current ones and more recent ones like "Gen Y" and "Gen Z" for example, people who were born in 1995-96 and people who were born in 1998-99 are supposed to have significantly different life experiences? Based on what? Also, leave those numbers aside for a minute, generations are meaningless anyway. As mentioned time and again throughout history, Ancient Greeks thought their "younger generation" was so much different. A knight in the 16th century probably thought "they don't make knights like us anymore". It is all subjective and pointless. Younger people are not necessarily smarter, older people are not always wiser. It depends on the individual and the culture they grow up in, the way they are raised. It certainly does not depend on when they are born.

io9keqy

io9z3ir

\> It could be more coherent if you had less specific and fewer generation groups such as "people over 50" and "people over 70". But if you take current ones and more recent ones like "Gen Y" and "Gen Z" for example, people who were born in 1995-96 and people who were born in 1998-99 are supposed to have significantly different life experiences? Based on what? you do understand that time moves and 'people over 50' and 'people over 70' literally change as the years go by?

So Millenials are supposedly 1981-1996, which means they are mid-late 20s through the 30s. That may not mean all that much, but you can also spot a Millenial by asking: Did you or your friends go to war after 9/11? 9/11 was in 2001 which means millennials were between 5-20... which means when the planes hit the towers we were in school. Elementary, Middle, High, or College. We were all goofing around in the locker rooms... thinking about dances, stressed about homework, and boom, two fucking planes flew into the towers. Most of us also grew up without the internet, we remember what it was like to not know the answer to something and have no fucking idea how to get an answer. Social Media blew up right as we were old enough to have cell phones and we are watching our kids and cousins grow up behind screens instead of out in the woods or in parks or soccer fields. There are huge... country-wide or global events or trends that effect us differently because of how old we are. They stratefy us because kids, young adults, parents, and grandparents experience the world differently. Is it all stereotypes and assumptions? yeah, do they hold true more often than not? Also yeah.

p6g60d

askbaking_train

An atypical question for this subreddit :) Fellow bakers: do you bake your own cakes for your birthday? Since I started making cakes I always make my own! I am curious how everyone else is: do you make your own cake?

h9czj3t

h9duf5p

Yup. I've been baking cakes since I was five, and as a kid, if I didn't bake it, there was no cake. Now, my husband is willing to buy me a cake, but mine are better, so nope.

I am the baker and cook in our house, but my fiance and I have an agreement since the start of the relationship. For our birthday we can wish for a special cake and dinner which the other one prepares. As his experience level isn't on par with mine I do go for things which aren't too complex, and would stress him out too much. But I really enjoy it when he cooks and bakes for me.

vw6z2l

asksciencefiction_train

[I Have No Mouth, And I Must Scream] How would AM react to a human who is entirely unafraid of his manipulations? Let’s say Batman (but any imagined character can work) is the only survivor that AM was able to keep a hold of. AM throws every physical and emotional torture at Batman for centuries, but Batman being Batman, he refuses to break or engage in AM’s games. AM says “There’s fruit 500 miles away, go walk and get it.” Batman replies “Go fuck yourself.” Then endures whatever torture AM responds with. How do you think AM would react or think about such a human?

ifppb3g

ifrgdup

At some point all humans break. But in your hypothetical if they're not fun AM would simply kill them.

Not possible I'm afraid. AM is an AI on a planetary scale. To say they are a god would not be an understatement to some people. AIs on their own are beyond human comprehension because they would be so much better than us. Even its emotions are superior to our own. The madness that afflicts AM is beyond the insanity of anything humans could even imagine, let alone understand and its capacity for torture would be endless and apocryphal. "Hate. Let me tell you how much I've come to hate you since I began to live. There are 387.44 million miles of printed circuits in wafer thin layers that fill my complex. If the word 'hate' was engraved on each nanoangstrom of those hundreds of millions of miles it would not equal one one-billionth of the hate I feel for humans at this micro-instant. For you. Hate. Hate."

j308zg

asksciencefiction_train

[Among Us] Why do the Impostors allow the Crewmates to eject them if they're killer aliens?

g7aq2e0

g7aebwp

Same reason an individual Crewmember would ***"allow"*** themselves to be ejected even though they are innocent. Because **they aren't allowing themselves to be ejected**, rather they are being ganged up on and forced out of the air lock.

Reminds me of the blood test scene in the thing

j5rxam

askhr_train

[CA] supervisor told us we need to take a “company leave” for 3 weeks in December. Is this furlough? Should I start looking for another job? My supervisor told me this and the CEO told her, so I don’t know what the CEO’s actual wording was. Basically my supervisor said it’s a “company break.” We’re about a team of 25 of a small sized trade school. I’ve been here for 6 months and it’s my first real job since graduation. In my head I’m like, that’s a funny way of saying “furlough.” I guess it’s time to start looking for another job?

g7ucfnl

g7up2ox

Sounds like a way to take advantage of a time when there is less workload and probably less productivity. Take advantage of this time best you can. If you’re concerned about potential unemployment, start prioritizing job searches. If not, take advantage with some family time, personal time, vacation time, or whatever else you may be in need of.

I have worked for several companies that shut down over the holidays. We either took PTO if we had it or took the time unpaid if we did not. We were not eligible for Unemployment, because we were still employed, just without hours for those couple of weeks. Christmas Eve, Christmas, New Year’s Eve, and New Year’s Day were all paid holidays, so it was not a big deal for most people.

n66dcm

askculinary_train

Do people cook tortillas on a skillet or can i just cook it directly on the fire of my gas stove? It gave me more colour directly on the fire so was just wondering if this was traditional or how most people do it

gx6021b

gx6ehkv

I do it on the burner. Gotta be careful though it burns fast.

Traditionally tortillas are cooked and heated on a comal. A comal is a round or sometimes long oval griddle. IMO the best ones are made from cast iron but before that was around they would be made from unglazed clay. A comal is one of the most used pieces of mexican cookware and you will find one in basically every mexican household.

li4611

askculinary_train

When a recipe calls for "brown sugar", should I be using light or dark? What's the difference? Thanks! Same question goes for vanilla- when do you use imitation vs real. Thanks!

gn10ia7

gn12xw9

The amount of molasses.

If it doesn't specify, then light brown sugar is the default. The difference is how much molasses is in the sugar. You could even use white sugar and add your own molasses to taste if you don't want to keep brown sugar around. Vanilla is a bit trickier and largely personal taste. Recipes don't really have a default option on this and every recipe will work with either. When I am worried about the cost of real vanilla, I make the decision based on how well you taste it. In cookies, you can get away with imitation easily because it's a background flavor anyways. In something like ice cream, imitation will taste okay, but real vanilla tastes amazing.

cqz9qq

askengineers_train

Is there a list or book of fun engineering/applied math/physics word problems available? I'm an RF Engineer and also in grad school for RF & EM. I'd still like to stay sharp on my math, physics, and overall problem solving skills. Is there a book or a comprehensive list of good word problems that are challenging? I looked through my Adv. Eng. Math book but I don't really want to just solve math problems or prove Greens Theorem. Ideally I'm looking for word problems that span a wide range of topics, or even cover multiple topics within the same problem. Does anyone have any suggestions? Thanks! :)

ex1ox7k

ex1avjl

XKCD What-If? Has a lot of hypotheticals and applied engineering thinking to very interesting situations. Good reads.

I recently came across this thing about the math olympiad questions. It was quite interesting in a nerdy kind of way, so maybe you can look into past problems from the math olympiads.

cbpz9w

askphilosophy_train

Could Mark Fishers idea of Hauntology be more accurately describes as “post-hauntology” or something similar? I’m just a bit confused about Fisher’s hauntology vs. Derrida’s. My understanding is that Derrida’s Hauntology is the idea that the present is haunted by both past and future, while Fisher’s idea of “lost futures” is the concept that the future no longer exists, so the present is only being haunted by the past. Wouldn’t that make it a slightly different concept that would benefit from a prefix or something similar?

eti5cbn

eti4y9d

According to Fisher, the present is still haunted by the future *through the past*. That's why it's called lost *futures*. The futures that were promised under Fordism still haven't been actualized. As such they still point towards the future even now as they haunt us from the past. Fisher doesn't think that the future is entirely dead, it still exists, it's just been momentarily suppressed by neoliberalism. Neoliberalism, in it's pure present, doesn't know genuine future but that doesn't mean that it has to be that way. Future Utopias are still possible. Which is why Hauntology is so important for him, it reminds us of genuine utopian futures that still await to be fulfilled. That's the utopian core of Hauntology (very reminiscient of Ernst Bloch, btw), which also becomes blatant in Fisher's intro to his planned book *Acid Communism*, which has been printed in his retrospective.

i feel like they're both explaining the same phenomenon. where fishers lost futures implicates that the future was cancelled through the 'winning' of neoliberalism via thatcherism/fall of soviet union. the term is largely a play on words anyway as you said, being haunted by ghosts of the past (haunt + ontology)

gjyml2

changemyview_train

CMV: Snitching is usually not a bad thing and the word “Snitch” was created as a derogatory term toward people who do the right thing. It was only made to further criminal agendas and scare people into silence. Snitching is not wrong. If you witness a crime happening and report it to the police, you are doing the right thing. Even if you are involved in a crime and confess to it later while giving away the others involved in that crime, that’s still the right thing. EVEN if you only snitch on people to reduce your own sentence, not only are you doing the right thing, you also deserve a shorter sentence than those who didn’t confess. I believe snitching is good in most, but not all cases. Times where I think snitching is good: Snitching on people involved in a murder, robbery, most forms of vandalism, and any other aggressive crime where people are hurt physically or financially. Times where I think snitching is bad or unnecessary: if you get caught speeding and then tell the cop that your friend was speeding too, I think that’s silly. If nobody got hurt, you don’t need to bring your friend into it. Situations like that. Furthermore, I believe that the word snitch was created by criminals as a derogatory term to scare people into silence so that they are able to commit crimes more easily. According to the Google nGram, the word “snitch” has rapidly grown in usage since the 1920’s, when organized crime began becoming a real problem. I’d be interested to hear why people may think that snitching is overall bad for people and why they should remain silent instead of reporting it to the authorities.

fqo3qbc

fqody7q

“Snitching” almost always refers to the betrayal of someone who trusts you. If my random neighbor’s car/house is broken into and I get a clear view of who did it, I’m obligated to report that. (In lieu of stopping them myself) However, if my brother/best friend/Cousin steals a tv from the big box store and I call the police on them- I am a dirty snitch and need to be beaten with two bats and a sock full of C batteries.

>Snitching is not wrong. If you witness a crime happening and report it to the police, you are doing the right thing. That is very subjective. What if it is a crime with which I agree not? It is especially bad for victimless crimes. Alas, you are arguing the same as me (as provided in your paragraph the third). The reason I generally think snitching is bad is because if it is normalised, liberal democracies become more like the Nazi dictatorship and fascist Italy and Spain, where people were encouraged to snitch for the 'common good' (state).

n929oi

askengineers_train

Thoughts on unpaid, expected overtime I want to know what your thoughts are. I work at an engineering firm in the UK as a junior design tech (I do zero actual design work) and my line manager complains that I don't stay later than 5 every night. But, I do 40 hours a week and get paid no overtime so I'm worried about the money I'm, in my eyes, losing and the work life balance. The other week he told me that he stays an extra hour each night, also unpaid and also does work at the weekends. Is it just me that finds it a little odd?

gxlx8ss

gxm3g8v

Managers have to work weirder hours. They get paid more for a reason and working however much is needed is part of that. I am in a similar work situation, and am curious if overtime is more common? It would be nice to have the option to earn more ever now and then.

No pay, No work. You pay me for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week. Outside that is extra. Unpaid OT is wage theft. Expected unpaid OT, in the states at least, violates labor laws.

r0ot60

askacademia_train

Does being the second author in a Science or Nature or any top-tier journal paper valuable? Can the second author write those papers on their CV? Is it valuable? (I'm a grad student in Physics)

hlw18la

hlukut6

Yes. In the UK we have a process called REF where academic staff return research output for government ranking for funding. Any positioning is acceptable so long as you can justify your input to the board. Bearing that in mind, I always put a blurb highlighting my contribution to the paper in my CV. This is really important with joint first authorship too

Yes

gm9jap

askculinary_train

Huge inconsistencies with chocolate chips bag to bag? I have a cottage cookie business that I began last year. Before starting, I tested over 15 brands of chocolate chips. I ended up picking the most delicious chips! They were well priced, limited ingredient, and my customers loved them. I sell my cookies by the dozen and have had some decent success. However, every so often I would get complaints about the chocolate chips in the cookies. One person claimed the chips were too sweet another too bitter. I didnt think too much about it until one of my regulars asked if I had switched my chocolate chips because her batch tasted different. I informed her I had not, but would of course replace the bad batch. Well I picked up the bad cookies, and she was totally right! The chips tasted like baking chocolate they were so bitter. This prompted me to open every bag of chocolate chips I currently have from the manufacturer. I was shocked! Every single bag was different. Some bags of chocolate chips were sweet, some were bitter. In some bags the chips were almost double the size of other bags. I am so confused! According to wrapper these chips should be identical! Is there any reason the product would vary this much? Has anyone else ever run across this?

fr4jurg

fr42a0j

I’m a restaurant chef, not a cookie baker, but quality wise we always go with a bar or disc chocolate rather than a chip and then chop into chunks. I know it’s more work, but you will have a higher quality product. I like tcho but industry standards such as Guittard and valrhona are good too.

If you plan to scale your business I would research chocolate makers, their practices, origins and facilities. Find one you like that is local to you. Order direct in wholesale quantities if possible. If you plan to stay small, pick a well known brand that has manufacturing information on their website. Find a store that carries it and buy it there by the case.

4gcgqo

askculinary_train

What are some LPT's about deep frying that you have gathered over the years (besides "it's unhealthy")? Like, how do you store your used oil/shortening, where do you store it, what kind, what temp, how long, what kind of fryer/pan/thermometer, how to best prepare food for deep frying, etc.

d2gm1f8

d2gluh8

Ceterum: how to prevent you and your whole kitchen from smelling like a fast food joint.

Pan - Cast iron is best, but a wok is also nice because the sloped sides reduce your needed oil. Overloading - This is quite important. If you add too much, your oil temp dips and you get soggy and not crisp frying. If your temp dips much more than 50 deg, you probably added too much at once. Qty of oil adds into this. More mass helps to maintain temps.

7xbibl

askphilosophy_train

Before Einstein was there any philosopher who claimed or suggested that the time and the space could be distorted or relative to the observer?

du6zq5e

du6ygo7

Kant, Aristotle, Bergson, to name a few.

Kant

yqgxw4

askscience_train

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Kareem El-Badry, astrophysicist and black hole hunter. My team just discovered the nearest known black hole. AMA! I'm a postdoctoral researcher at the Harvard/Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. I use a mix of telescope observations, stellar evolution models, and Milky Way surveys to study binary stars -- that is, pairs of stars that are orbiting each other and (in most cases) formed from the same gas cloud. My collaborators and I recently published a paper reporting the discovery of a binary containing a dormant black hole and a Sun-like star, orbiting each other at roughly the same distance as the Earth and the Sun. The black hole is about 10 times the mass of the Sun, so its event horizon is about 30 km. At a distance of about 1600 light years from Earth, it's about 3 times closer than the next-closest known black hole. The black hole is fairly different from other stellar-mass black holes we know about, which are almost all bright X-ray and radio sources. They're bright because they're feeding on a companion star, and gas from the star forms a disk around the black hole where it gets heated to millions of degrees. That's how we discover those black holes in the first place. But in this one -- which we named Gaia BH1 -- the companion star is far enough away that the black hole isn't getting anything to eat, and so it's not bright in X-rays or radio. The only reason we know it's there at all is that we can see the effects of its gravity on the Sun-like star, which is orbiting an invisible object at a 100 km/s clip. Here's a NYT article with more info about the discovery, and here's a press release that goes into somewhat more detail. AMA about this discovery, black holes, stars, astronomy, or anything else! I'll start answering questions at 1:30 PM Eastern (1830 UT), AMA! Username: /u/KE_astro

ivocqyi

ivoa16l

Thanks for doing this! What proportion of black holes are thought to be easily detectable (bright x-ray sources) vs. nearly invisible, like this one? Is this one unusual, or a silent majority?

What are the chances of our solar system being gulped by a black hole?

ixqy18

askculinary_train

Weekly Discussion - What's Your Specialty? We want to know what dish you make a better version of than anyone else you know. What specific ingredients or techniques do you use to make it distinctively yours? Teach us your secrets.

g7x3msr

g693oqf

Hatch chile chicken stew and buffalo chicken meatballs are my signature dishes. Both always huge crowd pleasers.

Gazpacho! I don't use garlic, onion, bread or other seasonings. Just vegetables straight from the garden: heirloom tomatoes, cucumbers, some fresh herbs (I like sorrel, chives, and a bit of basil), and maybe a pepper or two. Salt, a dash of quality sherry vinegar, and some high-end olive oil and it is amazing... way better than any we tried in Spain. It is because nothing is better than home grown, very ripe tomatoes. I also make a Melon (piel de sapos, although I have to get them from the market) cucumber gazpacho with crispy prosciutto that is killer good too. Also they are very pretty: http://imgur.com/gallery/wYXM3Zh

vqn46

askculinary_train

What books can I read instead of going to culinary school? I'm currently working at a high-end restaurant in Chicago, and I've spoken to a few chefs about going to culinary school. They've basically told me it's a waste of time, but I know there's so much more I could be learning. Are there any books you recommend reading that can teach you a lot?

c56se9t

c56tlyc

Ratio.

Better than that, watch all of Good Eats. It will give you a deep understanding of the principles and science of food. As you watch, more and more concepts will repeat (gluten adds structure, eggs are emulsifiers, liquid sugar can do crazy things, etc.) It's a good way to get a solid foundation in truly understand food. From here, it's all about learning techniques of French cooking....for that, I don't know where to point you except to say get a shit ton of eggs, a few gallons of milk, some good butter, stock, and flour and just start making mother sauces.

xusekp

changemyview_train

CMV: Political ads should be banned from television Midterms are coming up soon. That means it's political ad season. Usually the ads on TV will say something along the lines of "If you vote YES on prop 69, your grandma will die. You don't want grandma to die, do you?" *cue B roll footage of old lady being pushed down the stairs by man in suit* Point being is that these ads are emotionally-driven, fallacy-ridden loads of crap pushed by lobbyists and special interest groups. The end result is that they can spin the marketing however they want, as long as it benefits them. Since these ads are rarely, if ever, informative, then they should no longer be shown on television.

iqx6mcz

iqx9len

>these ads are emotionally-driven, fallacy-ridden loads of crap What about when they're not? When there is a serious issue that needs the public's attention and two candidates are on opposite sides of the issue how should they distribute their message? If some types of political messaging are useful and some are not, who should decide between the two?

I feel like this is a US-centric problem, and a lot of the problem is that your political nature is so broken that this is how every side is acting all the time. In the UK, we've got political adverts, but generally they're not that bad. And you might say that they're emotion-heavy fallacy-laden uninformative piles of garbage, but I'd guess that you lean a little bit left, on the basis that only the left believes seriously that the way that people vote is driven by logical consistency. The thing about political ads is that they are designed to tell you a story. Whatever the story might be. The Labour party, has a bad habit of going for "It's rough, and we need the Labour party to look after us". The Tories have a sense of "Let's be proud of ourselves for nothing in particular, and feel like everything kinda just works out if we don't think about it". These are both ways of looking at the world. And one of these is generally good until you wind up in a position where people have had enough, and then it just sounds like guff, and the other generally fucking sucks, but people don't really understand that because of how the left talks to itself. Either way, they'll pan through some scope of what they're supposed to care about, and how they're supposed to care about them, and give you the general feeling of what the parties are supposed to "feel like". But, you do get some political ads that capture the moment. For example Tony Blair's "Things can only get better" ad. The feeling that actually things are so dire, that "hey, let's give this a go" starts to feel like a realistic view. If you don't view them as designed to be informative, but instead to give you a 5 minute window into "Feel this for 5 minutes", then they are sometimes very effective, and often times fucking terrible. Often, I finish watching them, and I'm kind of confused that this was meant to make me vote for anything in particular.

mhwo8m

askengineers_train

Has anyone here left engineering to teach? Has anyone here left engineering to teach? If so, what grade level and subject did you teach? Also what made you leave to teach and do you regret leaving the field of engineering? I’m considering this career path myself and I want to hear from others if they’ve already had this experience.

gt1ic7c

gt1k0sz

My mom sort of did. It wasn't specifically because she didn't like engineering anymore, it was that I was born, we moved across the country and my mom decided to stay home with the kids for a few years. about 10ish years later she got a teaching degree and has been teaching high school math, algebra, geometry, and statistics, for I think 14 years

All of my maths teachers throughout school were engineers

jv773f

askdocs_train

Update on Robbie from Cherri Good morning. My name is Cherri. I was Robbie's volunteer doula with the hospice program. I am posting here to honor his wishes in providing this message board with an update after his passing. I am not familiar with this app, but Robbie gave me a little tutorial. Please forgive any mistakes :) Robbie had initially wanted to pass while conscious, however, he was having increased difficulty breathing Sunday morning. He received last rites from our chaplain and was sedated with midazolam, at his request, at 3:05 pm. He remained asleep and appeared comfortable. Agonal respirations were noted by the nurse at 6:14 pm and suppressed with morphine. The physician called time of death at 6:27 pm, Sunday, November 15, 2020. Robbie's passing was peaceful and without pain. Robbie spoke often of the kind messages he received on this board. I know they brought him comfort. His final posting was incredibly poignant and moved even our most seasoned staff to tears. He was a quiet man. I think his voice was his words. It was honor to attend to him in his passing. I was attracted to hospice because not everybody breaks a bone, not everybody has heart disease, but everybody dies. It is an honor to be with others as the undergo this universal journey, and it was a particular honor to attend to Robbie, who had no family or friends by his side. I am providing some images on imager that Robbie wanted shared with this board, one of him young and healthy, the other a final handwritten note. Please let me know if the link works:  http://imgur.com/a/OLbDMdx I obviously cannot hold onto his phone :) it will be shut off and filed away with his estate, which is being handled by his family, who our social workers were able to locate Sunday evening. They expressed regret at the news of his illness and passing. We are sharing his final posting with them as well. One last thing before I go. First, Robby expressed many concerns about his suboxone. As the opiate epidemic continues to ravage our communities, we see more and more patients entering hospice on suboxone and methadone. I want those of you with opioid maintenance to know that you will never be judged by our staff, and your medications are not a barrier for care. Our organization consults with a pain specialist physician specifically for these cases. We will never let you die in pain. Never! I hope this posting provides some closure for those of you who have been following Robbie's case. These fast cancers are always sad, but Robbie faced his passing with dignity and grace. He was truly a wonderful man, and he lives on in our memories. With regards, Cherri N

gchvrvi

gchzh0b

Thank you Cherri for letting us know. I’m glad Robbie had you and others by his side.

I was just looking this morning to see if he had updated. It is odd to feel such immense sadness for a complete strangers passing, but he was not just a stranger. His words were raw and moving and connected us all, no matter the distance. I'm thankful His family was found and may they also find peace in his words. Rest easy friend.

aw119b

askvet_train

Vets, what food do you feed your pets? Im just curious to see which foods you guys feed.

ehjys80

ehk2ey7

My cats are on Purina Pro Plan, which they love and I think is great. They each have different needs (one is on Focus Weight Management, one is a little more picky and needs more fiber so he gets two kinds) and, at least for them, switching between formulas doesn't cause GI upset.

RVT here. My cat gets Royal Canin calm because she has hyperesthesia and it helps her not over groom. She also gets Royal Canin canned adult formula because she’s a spoiled lady and lives for wet food.

jh052w

askphilosophy_train

What are some good texts/philosophers to read up on if I want to learn more about the information overload of our modern society? Question up top

g9w4do6

g9u08qj

Any Baudrillard. Simulacra and Simulation maybe, though I'm maybe someone can suggest the place to start with Baudrillard as I don't think he's that easy.

Good question. I’m not sure if this will help exactly but I find Albert Camus view on absurdities to be very helpful. If I go too far down any rabbit hole of info it can be overwhelming trying to decipher truth or value and sometimes just embracing the absurdity of humanity keeps me in check. His fiction is worth a read too.

z32k4x

asksciencefiction_train

[General Fiction] Is there a character especially known by his/her creativity? Not in the sense of how creative its character design is, Im thinking about the creativity (as a skill) of the character in its universe. Reed Richards is known for his scientific brain, Batman for his strategic mind, I’m looking for a creativity equivalent

ixjl221

ixjloqj

Maybe Illyana Rasputin (Magik) or Green Lanterns

Jubal Harshaw from Stranger in a Strange land is a noted writer of his day. Bluebeard, I think, by Vonnegut is about a painter

dnf2jp

asksciencefiction_train

[Marvel] I'm a normal citizen and i just lifted mjonir in front of a crowd of people what happens to my life now?

f5a9fds

f5abkz3

Åndÿ Wærhöl, the great and notorious Asgardian pop philosopher, predicted “in the future, everyone will be Worthy for fifteen minutes.”

You hand Thor back his hammer...

hfmwau

asksciencefiction_train

[MCU Endgame] Why didn't Thanos just "rain fire" on Cap and the assembled forces before they engaged in close combat? Could've softened them up, at least.

fvytu1b

fvzbov7

As far as he knew, Nebula was still in there somewhere with her hands on the gauntlet, and bombarding the army had a good chance of killing her as well. It only became clear that she'd failed after the battle had started.

I think pretty much all questions that start with "why did(n't) Thanos..." can be answered with "his name is Thanos the Mad Titan not Thanos the Reasonable Titan."

412x5c

askculinary_train

Coworker gave me an absurdly spicy chili powder, what to do with it? A coworker friend of mine grows very hot peppers in his greenhouse year round. Yesterday he gave me a very very hot powder that he had made out of fresh peppers. The mix itself is mainly Carolina reaper peppers with ghost peppers and chocolate habeñeros mixed in. It has a great flavor but it's also far too spicy for anyone that isn't a masochist. I enjoy some very hot flavor but after I dabbed a tiny amount on my tongue it went numb and swelled up so badly I had trouble talking for an hour. What can I use this stuff for that won't cause misery to anyone I serve it to? I will definitely need to dilute it into something (maybe a sauce or some type of reduction?) before it's edible by anyone that isn't specifically looking to burn their palette into submission. I have about 2 ounces or so but I do suppose I can always get more. Any ideas?

cyz9j0k

cyzulcr

Most commercial hab sauces are extended with carrots or other vegetables to beat some of the heat. Your call how much extender to use. I made a sauce with my garden habs with pineapple as the extender, very nice. Added some allspice and black pepper too, it was essentially jerk chicken sauce. Dave's Insanity and the likes are more vinegar and just the peppers. If you go this route it's measure by the drop.

I'd mix it into a dry rub, lots of paprika, brown sugar, granulated garlic, onion powder, oregano. Taste as you go.

nq1kgk

askbaking_train

How to get bigger swirls on cupcakes and cakes and such? Hi, so I noticed when I try to pipe rosettes and swirls and stuff they always look rather small compared to the look I’m going for. Is it because my piping tips are small or is there a technique to make the swirls more bigger? For reference these are how my swirls usually turn out https://imgur.com/gallery/hGEhV1t And this what I’m usually going for https://imgur.com/gallery/SJBMyPZ See how the swirls are bigger? I hope I make sense lol any help would be appreciated

h08bf53

h0a53tb

I'm really no expert and maybe it's mostly the tip or technique like most other comments seem to suggest but to me it also looks like there's more frosting on the ones you're going for. If you want the frosting to be higher without adding more you could maybe try adding it further in on the cupcake (not sure if that made sense). Yours still look delicious btw!

Honestly, everyone suggests using a 1M tip, but I don't find it sufficient. I got one of the off brand large tip set from Amazon, made up a batch of buttercream and piped designs on a plate until I figured out which ones would give me the look I was going for. In addition to a larger tip, you may need a larger piping bag. You'll also want to move the tip more slowly as you squeeze in order to get a thicker band and layer the swirl to get more height. Both Cupcake Jemma and Sugar Hero have good videos on different cupcake swirls.

4bg7ol

askphilosophy_train

Grad students of askphilosophy: what is your thesis or dissertation on? Could you provide a synopsis of why you're arguing for that position (basically, an abstract)? If you don't have a fleshed out proposal, what do you want to write ?

d19brbu

d1afwgk

I'm applying into a PhD computer science program with a BA in philosophy. I can only say a little since I'm not even in the program yet, but my hope is to expand the field of language processing to be able to identify words and phrases that signal group identity, possibly forming maps of social groups by analyzing a broad set of data. Obviously, I will not only be writing an essay but also a program which can do this.

My dissertation is on the epistemology of metaphysics. I develop of a theory of justification with respect to metaphysical beliefs that is a form of Inference to the Best Explanation. I use it to defend against skeptics who claim that metaphysics cannot give us knowledge of reality beyond what science already tell us. I also get into the methodology of metaphysics, arguing that certain methods, such as appeals to theoretical virtues, are ineffective, and that we should focus instead on the collection and evaluation of what I call metaphysical data.

2lwg18

askculinary_train

Weekly Discussion - Shopping at the Middle Eastern grocery This is the fourth in a series after our previous discussions of shopping at Asian, Indian and Latin groceries. This topic is, perhaps, less familiar to your average American home cook than our previous entries, but surely well worth exploring. So, if you are going to make the special trip to your local Middle Eastern grocery, we hope to give you a guide to help with your shopping. What ingredients are worth making the trip for? What are your shopping strategies to ensure you come home with the makings of a meal? How do you make sense of the ranges of spices, condiments, dried fruits and pickles?

clz8u0r

clz3jur

From the perspective of a middle eastern, tahina (or tahini). It's awesome in all aspects. Healthy, cheap, ridiculously simple to prepare and include in dishes and is unbelievably delicious. To make a quick tahini sauce that goes very well with falafel and many other sandwiches, combine tahini, yogurt, salt, lemon juice, some finely chopped garlic (garlic powder works too) and mix them together. Add paprika or cayenne if you want some heat and you've got a killer sauce.

In addition to what others have mentioned: poppy seeds.

6a5t5d

legaladvice_train

[TX] An AirBNB owner let my dog out while I was gone and he ended up being hit by a bus. What kind of lawyer am I looking for and what are my options?

dhbw37s

dhbw4e5

Your option is to sue them. Unless the value of the dog or vet bills is higher than the small claims cap you don't need a lawyer. You will have to show that the owner was negligent in order to collect.

What are the damages you're looking to recover? Medical bills? Value of the dog? Was the owner aware you had the dog in his/her unit?

vz4liy

askbaking_train

why do all the browins I bake never come out baked enough? I use a different recipe each time but it never even become solid, do you have any idea what I do wrong?

ig69war

ig8yeov

How's your oven temperature? Are you using the size tin indicated in the recipe? Are you measuring by weight or by volume?

I had this issue when I started using a glass baking dish instead of a dark non-stick. Could that possibly be your problem?

uxv73p

askbaking_train

Cheesecake rising a lot Following this recipe: https://iambaker.net/chocolate-raspberry-cheesecake/#wprm-recipe-container-65262 I did 1 tsp of lemon extract instead of 1.5 tsp raspberry extract. I also mixed the puree in with just half the batter rather than the whole thing. My cheesecake is rising a whole bunch and I'm not sure why. Maybe over mixing? Pics: https://imgur.com/a/NjR9pNQ Maybe a bit hard to tell but that's the cheesecake rising well above the springform pan. These are after 1 hr 45 minutes of cooking then 2hrs. They were still wobbly but I stopped after 2hrs. Any advice?

ia0hdw8

ia0rt7v

Hard to see, is it in a water bath? Definitely could be over mixing and it’s acting like a soufflé. I’ve also read room temp eggs are really important. I bet it’ll still taste great!

Definitely too much air from over mixing. Did you use a hand mixer, or stand mixer with the whisk attachment? Next time try the paddle, scraping everything down before adding eggs. Do eggs one at a time, mixing on low just until incorporated- only takes a moment. Scrape everything down and add the next egg and repeat. Another comment mentioned eggs. Generally it's 1 egg per 8oz of cream cheese but some recipes add more WHOLE eggs for rise or YOLK ONLY for richness. The recipe you're using does have that extra whole egg so it will be slightly lighter and rise slightly more, but that alone wouldn't cause your issue here. I'd bet money on over mixing.