Question: how are the aes s-boxes calculated?
Answer: AES S- Box is a matrix of (16 x 16 = 256) elements in which rows and columns are having values ranging from 0 to 15 (0 to f in hexadecimal). Each byte of S-Box is mapped to its multiplicative inverse in GF(28), where 00 is mapped into itself. ... S-Box of AES is generated by equation (2).