thegoodfellas/blogset-br huggingface dataset:
Sistema de laser do tipo CPA (Chirped Pulse Amplification) e uma tecnica para a amplificacao de um pulso de laser ultracurto ate ao nivel petawatts com o pulso de laser sendo esticado temporalmente e espectralmente antes da amplificacao. O objetivo dessa tecnica e principalmente alcancar altas potencias sem afetar os dispositivos opticos do sistema. A tecnica consiste inicialmente em um oscilador, que nada mais e do que um feixe LASER inicial (SEED) criado no oscilador, aqui irei discutir a situacao para um LASER de Titanio:Safira (Ti:Al2O3) , em modo travado, de forma a selecionar uma regiao mais larga do espectro de emissao que no modo continuo. Esse feixe de LASER que e fornecido pelo oscilador segue em direcao ao stretcher que tem a funcao de esticar temporalmente e espectralmente o feixe para apos poder ser amplificado sem fornecer riscos para os dispositivos opticos do sistema. O oscilador funciona como um pequeno sistema de laser, onde o mesmo possui uma cavidade optica que e bombeada, em geral por um laser de Neodimio-Yag (Nd:YAG) (532nm), isso pois para haver emissao LASER num cristal de titanio:safira e necessario que o laser de bombeio apresente um certo conjunto de frequencias caracteristicas de acordo com a equacao [1], para que entao haja o efeito LASER, onde para o caso de um laser com cristal de titanio:safira e bem servido pelo segundo harmonico de um laser de Neodimio-Yag.Pode-se verificar a diferenca da largura espectral do laser de saida de um oscilador em modo continuo e em modo travado utilizando-se uma fibra optica conectada a um espectometro, abaixo segue o espectro de um oscilador de um LASER titanio:safira para o modo travado: Apos o envio do feixe de LASER do oscilador para o stretcher o mesmo apresenta seu espectro alargado para entao ser enviado para amplificacao, que em geral e uma amplificacao inicial por meio de uma cavidade rgenerativa. O Stretcher pode ser composto por um diedro, uma rede de difracao, um espelho concavo e um espelho convexo, como mostrado no esquema abaixo:Na figura acima o feixe fara apenas uma passagem pelo stretcher, no entanto, se houver interesse por uma segunda passagem pode ser adicionado um pequeno prisma na saida do feixe. Quando o feixe passa pelo stretcher o mesmo apresenta um chirp devido a rede de difracao. Esse chirp pode ser corrigido ajustando os parametros da rede de difracao, e posicao dos espelhos esfericos. No final o perfil do feixe de laser obtido na saida do stretcher se assemelha ao da figura abaixo.Apos o feixe ser alargado o mesmo, num sistema CPA, e enviado para amplificacao numa cavidade regenerativa, que sera o topico da nossa proxima discussao. Ha tambem a possiblidade de insercao de um dazzler apos o stretcher com objetivo de selecionar a gama de espectro que sera enviada para a amplificacao via cavidade regenerativa (regen), alem de outros pormenores que serao discutidos mais a frente. KCC As superficies superhidrofobicas sao altamente desejaveis para muitas aplicacoes atuais. A hidrofobicidade de uma superficie e melhorada a partir de uma modificacao quimica que reduz a energia livre de superficie
e tambem pelo aumento da rugosidade da superficie. A superhidrofobicidade estatica e alcancada quando o angulo de contato, de uma gota de agua com a superficie, torna-se maior que 150o e, dinamicamente, quando um angulo de inclinacao pequeno e necessario fazer a gota rolar sobre a superficie (baixa histerese angular). A superhidrofobicidade dinamica e possibilitada por uma combinacao micro e nanoestrutural na superficie. A medida do angulo de contato de uma gota de agua com uma superficie pode ser feita tirando uma foto da gota sobre a superficie e utilizando um programa que baseado na imagem da gota calcula esse angulo, como pode ser visto na figura abaixo:Imagem de um filme superhidrobobico que recobre a superficie de uma lamina de vidro com uma gota de agua sobre o mesmo, tirada por Kelly Cristine Camargo. Como foi descrito acima, alem de um alto valor de angulo de contato, para que uma superficie seja considerada autolimpante a mesma deve apresentar uma baixa histerese angular, ou seja, com uma pequena inclinacao da superficie a gota de agua rola para fora da superficie e quando isso ocorre a gota carrega com ela toda a sujeira da superficie, como pode ser visto nos filmes abaixo: O video acima foi feito no Laboratorio de Laser&Optica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e pertence ao trabalho de doutorado de Kelly Cristine Camargo. E interessante verificar que alem de ser um filme autolimpante ele e transparente, podendo dessa forma, ser aplicado em janelas e vidros que necessitem de transparencia. A ideia principal desse post curto e mostrar como os avancos de pesquisa dentro de um laboratorio podem fazer parte de nossa vida diaria mais rapido do que imaginamos. Assim, no Brasil gracas as instituicoes fomentadas pelo governo federal ainda e possivel realizar pesquisa basica, e muito em breve nossas janelas e parabrisas de carro serao autolimpantes.
1- GUIA PRATICO DA CIENCIA MODERNA:* 1. Se mexer, pertence a Biologia.* 2. Se feder, pertence a Quimica.* 3. Se nao funciona, pertence a Fisica.* 4. Se ninguem entende, e Matematica.* 5. Se nao faz sentido, e Economia ou Psicologia.* 6. Se mexer, feder, nao funcionar, ninguem entender e nao fizer sentido, e INFORMATICA. 2- LEI DA PROCURA INDIRETA:* 1. O modo mais rapido de se encontrar uma coisa e procurar outra.* 2. Voce sempre encontra aquilo que nao esta procurando. 3- LEI DA TELEFONIA:* 1. Quando te ligam: se voce tem caneta, nao tem papel. Se tiver papel, nao tem caneta. Se tiver ambos, ninguem liga.* 2. Quando voce liga para numeros errados de telefone, eles nunca estao ocupados.* Paragrafo unico: Todo corpo mergulhado numa banheira ou debaixo do chuveiro faz tocar o telefone. 4- LEI DAS UNIDADES DE MEDIDA:* Se estiver escrito 'Tamanho Unico', e porque nao serve em ninguem, muito menos em voce... 5- LEI DA GRAVIDADE:* Se voce consegue manter a cabeca enquanto a sua volta todos estao perdendo, provavelmente voce nao esta entendendo a gravidade da situacao. 6- LEI DOS CURSOS, PROVAS E AFINS:* 80% da prova final sera baseada na unica aula a que voce nao compareceu, baseada no unico livro que voce nao leu. 7- LEI DA QUEDA LIVRE:* 1. Qualquer esforco para se agarrar um objeto em queda, provoca mais destruicao do que se o deixassemos cair naturalmente.* 2. A probabilidade de o pao cair com o lado da manteiga virado para baixo e proporcional ao valor do carpete. 8- LEI DAS FILAS E DOS ENGARRAFAMENTOS:* A fila do lado sempre anda mais rapido.* Paragrafo unico: Nao adianta mudar de fila. A outra e sempre mais rapida. 9- LEI DA RELATIVIDADE DOCUMENTADA:* Nada e tao facil quanto parece, nem tao dificil quanto a explicacao do manual. 10- LEI DO ESPARADRAPO:* Existem dois tipos de esparadrapo: o que nao gruda e o que nao sai. 11- LEI DA VIDA:* 1. Uma pessoa saudavel e aquela que nao foi suficientemente examinada.* 2. Tudo que e bom na vida e ilegal, imoral, engorda ou engravida. 12- LEI DA ATRACAO DE PARTICULAS:* Toda particula que voa sempre encontra um olho aberto. (Post retirado de: http://www.dhbrasil.com.br/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t24247.html) Earthquakes: Plates tecnonics is a scientific theory about the large scale motion of Earth's lithosphere.http://theorientalhotel.wordpress.com/2010/04/25/thai-tectonic-plates-colliding/samapsandflags.co.za The tectonics plates are two types of litosphere: thin oceanic and thicker continental. The tectonic plates are able to move due to the Earth's lithosphere has a higher strength and lower density on their mantle. The density variations in the mantle result in movement, and this results in a movement of seafloor away from the spreading ridge to the earth. Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault due to the movement os tectonic plates. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They don't just slide smoothly; the rocks catch on each other. The rocks are still pushing against each
other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that's built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs.And the tsunamis??? Tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, usually an ocean, but can occur in large lakes. Tsunamis occur because the earthquakes and this form due to the movement of tectonic plates too.[References : Wikipedia free encyclopedia, youtube videos and others]
filme (que e equivalente a razao do comprimento de onda do feixe de luz incidente pelo indice de refracao do filme), assim: Assim a espessura fisica e escrita em funcao da espessura optica, e, ou do comprimento de onda do feixe incidente, por: Na equacao acima, d refere-se a espessura fisica do filme a ser depositado, a espessura optica e n ao indice de refracao do material, assim e o comprimento de onda incidente, e logo conclui-se que a espessura do filme a ser depositado e equivalente a 1/4 do comprimento de onda do material. Outro metodo para obtencao de revestimentos antirrefletores que fornecem ao material uma antirreflexao numa maior escala de incidencia angular e por meio de revestimentos de indice gradual, muio mais dificil de se obter do que no caso de filmes interferometricos no entanto sao tambem muito melhores, abaixo mostramos uma figura do que seria um revestimento de indice gradual sobre um substrato qualquer.http://www.amolf.nl/nanophotovoltaics, setembro de 2010. Nesses casos o que ocorre e uma variacao suave e gradual do indice de refracao do meio, geralmente ar, e do substrato de modo que o feixe de luz ao penetrar no revestimento "sente" o indice aumentando passo a passo, o que faz com que gere interferencias destrutivas para os feixes refletidos e desta forma uma maior intensidade de luz para os feixes transmitidos. Assim, e possivel observar que ainda e um desafio para a pesquisa em optica a aquisicao de alta transmitancia optica, pois aqui descrevemos apenas um dos parametros que causam efeitos de perda de transmitancia para estudos nos casos de absorcao e espalhamento levariamos mais um post inteiro, no entanto e possivel chegar com substratos de vidros a uma alta transmitancia optica, entao como novo desafio e para uma nova postagem, serao apresentados resultados da obtencao de alta transmitancia optica em substratos de vidros simultaneamente com propriedades autolimpantes, isso mesmo, imagine um vidro transparente "como ar" e autolimpante, nao precisariamos mais de limpadores de parabrisas, os oculos sempre limpos e com boa visibilidade, sem contar no grande avanco que teriamos para a industria de sensores e celulas solares. Referencias:[1] Camargo, K.C., Tese de doutoramento: Filmes Superhidrofobicos e Antirrefletores em Largo Espectro, maio, 2012[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antireflection_coating_split_pic.jpg , Novembro 2012[3] http://www.blogdothame.blog.br/v1/2012/10/18/arco-iris-de-uma-cor-so/ , Novembro 2012[4]http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/12208/how-come-an-anti-reflective-coating-makes-glass-more-transparent , Novembro 2012
[1] is possible to find thefrequencies permitted spacing: It is possible to estimate longitudinal modesnumber N of a LASER by the relationship between the gain curve bandwidth and frequenciespermitted spacing: In this way the frequencies that will beemitted need satisfy the gain curve and the equation [1]. On the next post about lasers I will explain more about lasers system.Kelly Cristine Camargo, PhD
First I would like explain, that this is a science blogger, and it is important remember that art is science too, because make science is related with creation, research, and hard study, all this parameters are input on art, because art is important as science! Thisreview is divided in two parts: the first I did explanation just about TheTempest, that I watched twice, because I would like to see in two differentperspectives this play. In the second part I did my explanation a little bitabout actors performance, the public expectation, and I put here, on finalcommentaries, my personal observation about before and after the presentation."The Tempest by Shakespeare on The Globe, May 12th,2013: This Shakespeares work is veryinteresting and could be explored by a different ways, I saw the same play ontwo different views on The Globe, and I read this work a lot of times (in Portuguese,English, French and Spanish version), I can say that is a magnificent work, andof course I prefer the English version, Ill not put here the specific editors. The Tempest on The Globe theatre wasa very good experience, because the place helpful to insert the public on theShakespeares world, of course The Globe was made to give us thisfeeling. Well, in terms of where is thebetter place on The Globe to watch The Tempest, I just can say that the yard,if you could arrive early to take a good place, is the best place to see the play. On the middle gallery is goodtoo, because you could sit and see more details that sometimes you could not tosee on the yard, due to some heads in front of your, but on the yard, you havemore interaction with the play, the feeling is as you do part of the play andnot just more one viewer on the theatre. I could see on the booth places,yard and middle gallery, and I prefer on yard. About the scenario I can saythat is a very good theatre montage, because you can see all acts with thesame scenario, but you can see the idea to each part of the play, it is as Ihope to a Shakespeares work, and I am very satisfy with this, simple but allthe objects are on perfectly harmony with all scenes and acts on the play. Sonorous effects and music receive my specialcongratulations, because they work very well, with a good time, and there is noway to be inserted on the fantasy if you have not a good sonorous effectsteam! Characterization and make-up were asI hoped, it was looks like an Shakespeares work, however I need to say thatCaliban costume was perfectly, more than I had imagined, unfortunately withAriel costume was not as wonderful as Caliban, maybe I hoped something withmore powerful expression, because Ariel is a powerful spirit, but well, it ispossible see he like angel, but I am not sure if this is the idea in this play.Other personages have a normal costume, as expected. I just put one specialcommentary about Ariel costume, they change a little bit his costume during theplay, because it
is on the script, I think that they were creative with the changing,but the mainly costume on my opinion could be better. The Tempest presentation was fantastic on the conjoint, had special effects, I recommend to all, but I think that you need booking early, because I did mine very early and the best places already was sold. I felt the Shakespeares work, they inserted a funny tags inthe presentation, it really the great theatres work, well done, well prepared, but Ihave some reservation with some actors performance in this day, maybe I am very exigent,but I believe that if you will do a Shakespeares work you must to be insertedon the works idea, and I see that this important skill is missed to someactors. 2. Actors performance on The Tempest, May 12th, 2013: I had been a lot of Shakespearesworks on my life, I did when I was young, and I know that it is not so easier,I believe that all actors could be get the Shakespeares spirit" , but as we cansee in a lot of kind of professions, some people does not work more by workslove but just to moneys love. It is the same on arts profession, people beginthis area because have love by this, but with the time, they forget the love,the passion and thinks just in to be famous and get money, it is sad, but it istrue! I saw this on the presentation, I saw on actors performance, which somehas a great performance, but some had a mechanical performance. My idea in this review is not criticize the person, but just put my opinion by actorsperformance on The Tempest, and I will put here a commentary about the publicexpectation in general (this is write with observations on The Globe before,during and after the presentation, and based on internet reviews andcommentaries about the actors performance) on the final commentaries. Ill start with Prospero, casting byRoger Allam: as expected, he had a very good performance, he is brilliant! Sometimes, when hewas on scene I forgot that I was on a theatre, I felt as I was on the history,but he is a Shakespeares actor and it is a minimum that the public hoped onhis performance. Miranda and Ferdinand was good, but Ithink that could be better, I already saw better performance with this twopersonages, I feel on the first presentation that both was mechanical, lookslike there are no public, there are no real performance, just a mirror in frontof they and they are practice the script, but on the second presentation, Ifeel that they are more inside on the presentation, Ibelieve that more people feel the same, some scenes was very nice, but some wasvery mechanically, sometimes when they did a scene I sleeping with open eyes. Alonso, and the others, had a good performance,they interact with the public, a little bit, but they improve thepresentation with their scenes, and it was great performance. My favorite actors performance was the bigsurprise to me, Caliban, casting by James Garnon, was fantastic, and I could see that the public
feltthe same, he made his personage take the mainly position. I need to say that ifI did not know very well The Tempest, I will thought that Caliban was themainly personage on this presentation, in fact he did part on the mainly group,but when he was on scene it looks like The Caliban play! He was a really theatre's actor, he interactwith the public, he used the personage, not just reproduced the script, but hereally works with the personage, was fantastic. Ariels performance was good, hehad very great moments, but I believe that Colin Morgan maybe is not a theatres actor, becausehe was mechanical sometimes. I do not understand why, but a lot of times thathe made his scene I felt as I was watching a beginner theatre actor, and weknow that is not true, because Colin Morgan is young, but is a very good actor.Perhaps, I hoped so much, because I am a Merlin's fan, and there he wasfantastic! I am sorry by this, but in general his performance on The Tempestwas, for me, in the most part mechanical.Final commentaries: I arrived very early on TheGlobe, to feel the place, to see how works the public information before startthe play, and well, the public information was a little bit confused, becausethe person say to me enter in one door, and it was not the correct way, butcould be just one mistake. People in general were anxious with the play, but Idid not to see a lot of people interested on special actors, in fact mydaughter, 8 years, has special interest on Colin Morgan, to her he was like aheroes, but she is a child, people in general know who is Colin Morgan, but Ifelt that the special actors there were Roger Allam and James Garnon followedby Colin Morgan. After the play I saw just two girls waiting by Colin Morgan,because this, my daughter did me wait too, but wow, I will be true here, before I hoped that Colin Morgan was a great person, and heis as expected! I just hoped that he interact with his fans, but, I did notunderstand, he hides his face all time, as if there were many people waitingfor him and he did not want to be recognized, but in fact I was there a longtime and I saw just two person. I believe that Colin Morganis an inexperienced star yet, maybe because he hide his face and he has fear ofhis fans. He does not need fear, his fans that make him a famous person, and inthe showbiz world how more fans you have, more works and more famous you willbe. And just to finish this discussion, if you love the Merlinsseries, believe me this series was success because have a very good team, notjust Colin Morgan, he won the prize of best actor, but he does not work alone,and The Tempest is a very different work, with a different cast, and you willnot to see in The Tempest the same Colins performance that we saw on Merlin'sSeries. I was very sad with somepeople on
The Globe that no respect the rules, I saw people take picturesduring the play, and recording too! The public must to understand, that thiscomportment is not acceptable on theatre, actors need a good ambient to work,and The Globe said that they will do a movie from this play, wait to theofficial movie, wait to the official pictures, if is forbidden it is importantto respect! I would like to acknowledgethe cast and say that to do two performance on the same day is not easier, andthey are very great.The cast andpeople that work to make this play possible have my congratulations by thiswonderful work. The Tempest is a fantastic play, if you enjoy Shakespeares work I saythat on The Globe you will find a great plays, now I will wait the next play, Iam thinking to buy tickets to Midnight Summer Dreams and I hope that I couldsee there Hamlet as soon. But if you do not like Shakespeares work, TheGlobe is a good place to start this wonderful experience.I would like apologize me by my poorenglish, I am not a very good english speaker, but I did this review in Englishto make accessible to all people languages, later I will put this in portugueseand maybe in french or spanish too.KellyCristine Camargo, Ph.D