text, supporting notes will be made below about the role played by education as a requirement for hiring applicants for the job market and/or to improve the income of workers in general. After all, this is the basic corollary that supports the analysis of social scientists who take the orthodox academic view, including advocates and followers of the Theory of Human Capital[14], one of the groups of neoclassical economics literature.In short, the Theory of Human Capital maintains that investment in education increases an individual's skills to compete for a position in the labor market and that the resulting schooling level can ensure a better occupational position in relation to others, contributing to the individuals social mobility. Education, therefore, not only improves an individuals income, but also helps him achieve a suitable occupation which, in the end, becomes a basic requirement for his professional and social advancement.Education, therefore, is the primary argument of the followers of the Theory of Human Capital, on the one hand, to justify income inequality as due to individuals lack of sufficient schooling and, on the other, to defend schooling at all levels to raise the income levels of all individuals and therefore reduce income inequality.If, then, for the Theory of Human Capital, on the side of the individual, education increases his professional skills to compete for a position in the market, enabling real wage increases, on the side of the company, it helps to improve work productivity, ensuring real gains in profitability. This compensates investments in staff training/schooling and justifies continuous education through complementary courses, for those who have yet to enter the market as well as for those who are already there.Such interpretations as those in the previous paragraph have guided some of the analyses done for Brazil in the 1970s[15] and still remain today in arguments and data that attempt to collect economic findings to prove the postulates of the Theory of Human Capital. A quote illustrates well the position of one of its leading representatives in the seventies, Langoni (1973), when analyzing the rise in income inequality in the country between 1970 and 1960:"The relationship between level of education and labor remuneration is justified a priori by the theory of human capital. Investments in education result in productivity increases, whose counterpart in the market are real wage gains that constitute precisely the (private) benefits of these investments. The age variable can also be justified by the theory of human capital in that it is a good proxy for experience: it would thus capture the increased productivity associated with learning on the job; it would also reflect, due to greater access to information, the exploitation of productivity differentials that exist in the market."(p. 103).Since the Theory of Human Capital emphasizes the role of education, whether formal, technical or professional (vocational), in an individuals training, it not only attributes to the individual the success or failure of his performance in the process of knowledge acquisition, but also, and at the same time, removes from agents (companies, schools and other organizations) the responsibility for successful training and the