untenable, and no further amateur programs have been carried out.[112][edit] 20th birthdayThe Hubble Telescope celebrated its 20th birthday on April 22, 2010. To commemorate the occasion, NASA, ESA, and Space Telescope Institute (STScI) released an image from the Carina Nebula.[113][edit] Hubble data[edit] Transmission to EarthHubble Control Center, Goddard Space Flight Center, 1999Hubble data was initially stored on the spacecraft. When launched, the storage facilities were old-fashioned reel-to-reel tape recorders, but these were replaced by solid state data storage facilities during servicing missions 2 and 3A. Approximately twice daily, the Hubble Space Telescope radios data to a satellite in the geosynchronous Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS).[114] The TDRSS then downlinks the science data to one of two 60-foot (18-meter) diameter high gain microwave antennas located at the White Sands Test Facility in White Sands, New Mexico.[114] From there they are sent to the Goddard Space Flight Center and finally to the Space Telescope Science Institute for archiving.[115]These data are then transmitted to the Space Telescope Operations Control Center (STOCC) located in Greenbelt, Maryland.[114][edit] ArchivesAll Hubble data is eventually made available via the archives at STScI,[116] CADC[117] and ESO.[118] Data is usually proprietaryavailable only to the principal investigator (PI) and astronomers designated by the PIfor one year after being taken. The PI can apply to the director of the STScI to extend or reduce the proprietary period in some circumstances.[119]Observations made on Director's Discretionary Time are exempt from the proprietary period, and are released to the public immediately. Calibration data such as flat fields and dark frames are also publicly available straight away. All data in the archive is in the FITS format, which is suitable for astronomical analysis but not for public use.[120] The Hubble Heritage Project processes and releases to the public a small selection of the most striking images in JPEG and TIFF formats.[121][edit] Pipeline reductionAstronomical data taken with CCDs must undergo several calibration steps before they are suitable for astronomical analysis. STScI has developed sophisticated software that automatically calibrates data when they are requested from the archive using the best calibration files available. This 'on-the-fly' processing means that large data requests can take a day or more to be processed and returned. The process by which data are calibrated automatically is known as 'pipeline reduction', and is increasingly common at major observatories. Astronomers may if they wish retrieve the calibration files themselves and run the pipeline reduction software locally. This may be desirable when calibration files other than those selected automatically need to be used.[122][edit] Data analysisData analysis of a spectrum reveals the chemistry of hidden cloudsHubble data can be analysed using many different packages. STScI maintains the custom-made STSDAS (Space Telescope Science Data Analysis System) software, which contains all the programs needed to run pipeline reduction on raw data files, as well as many other astronomical image processing tools, tailored to the requirements of Hubble data. The software runs as a module of IRAF, a popular astronomical data reduction program.[123][edit] Outreach activitiesIn 2001, NASA polled internet users to find out what they would most like Hubble to