dos tribunais, recebem um adicional de CAN 25.000 por ano. O dolar canadense e equivalente ao dolar americano. A carga tributaria incidente e de aproximadamente 30% sobre os vencimentos. Os salarios sao estabelecidos em valores suficientes para garantir a independencia dos Juizes.Uma decisao de 1997 da Suprema Corte do Canada considerou que a previsao constitucional da independencia judicial exigia que o governo criasse comissoes independentes para lidar com a questao da remuneracao dos juizes. Considerou-se que os juizes nao pareceriam imparciais e independentes se tivessem que julgar processos contra o governo, tendo que negociar salarios e outros beneficios diretamente com esse mesmo governo.Em Ontario, desde 1995 ha um acordo (Framework Agreement) que constitui uma comissao que conduz estudos sobre os niveis adequados de salarios, pensoes e beneficios para os juizes da provincia, revisando-os a cada tres anos. O relatorio dessa comissao e cogente no que diz respeito a salarios e beneficios, mas nao em relacao as pensoes.Os Juizes nao podem ser afastados da funcao, o que ocorre apenas em decorrencia de punicao por ato parlamentar, apos investigacao de uma comissao presidida pelo presidente do tribunal. Aparentemente, houve apenas tres casos em toda a historia do Canada.A aposentadoria dos juizes estaduais ocorre com 65 anos. Nas cortes federais com 75 ou apos quinze anos de trabalho, segundo uma regra matematica complexa.link: http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/---Dennis O'Connor - Associate Chief Justice of OntarioThe Canadian legal system was established by the written Constitution of 1867, which defined spheres of the legislature in a system of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary government, led by a Prime Minister.The year 1982 was a decisive year for the Canadian Constitutional Law, when was promulgated the Constitutional Act, integrated as part of the Canadian Constitution by the initiative of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and signed by the Queen of England. This legislative act, which has constitutional force, contains the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in its first thirty-five sections, establishing principles and guarantees for all those living in Canada in matters of civil life and criminal matters, which they call the Canadian Bill of Rigths.The application of these constitutional sources can be made by all Canadian judges in a system of diffuse control of constitutionality. The judiciary is established by the standards of English common law and works on three levels of judging: local trial courts, appellate courts in each province and the Supreme Court of Canada.There is a federal court structure, consisting of three organs:a) The Supreme Court of Canada, made up of nine ministers;b) The Federal Court of Canada, which operates with a division of judgments and a division of appeals with twenty first instance judges and eleven second degree judges. This federal court has jurisdiction to hear cases against the Crown and its members, related to the Canadian Armed Forces abroad and the conflicts between the provinces, to review decisions of federal boards and procedures relating to copyrights, trademarks and patents, as well as residual jurisdiction on other matters not specifically assigned to any other court;c) The Tax Court of Canada.There is a state judicial structure which operates in dual