inhabitants with strong influence of African and indigenous medicine. On the other hand the teaching of Medicine in Portugal, like other sciences was marked by a huge discrepancy in relation to other European territories. In the second half , the reformed minister D. Jose - the Pombal Marquis- break the monopoly of education by graduating from a Jesuit university more open and in tune with the scientific advances of other European universities. To carry out the renowned university reform teachers were asked to focus on Dominic Agostino Vandelli (1735-1811) physician and professor at the University of Padua.Vandelli prepared a project for Natural History Colony for the purpose of territorial recognition, human zoo, botanical and mineralogical. For that he leaded the creation of the Royal Museum and Botanical Garden annexed to the Royal Palace. Organized trips to Brazil naturalists to collect and classify specimens as flora. Later the lens of the University of Coimbra and Botanical Gardens Inspector said ... give birth to the teaching of natural sciences - physics, chemistry, natural history, helping medicine and develop observation, experiment with medicinal plants to overcome the knowledge that is still studied in Aristoteles and the scholastics(as cited, Carvalho, A Romulus- pedagogical activity of the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries - Lisbon: publications II of the Centennial of the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon, 1981, pg49).Vandelli also said: I like to see beyond the plants together from all parts of the world and get out of them .... just the medicine ignores those who do not know how many plants in remote areas are found in gardens. As a result of this attitude, Brazilian naturalists were sent to Portugal to exhibit their knowledge of Colonial flora. Among the most important naturalists are Frei Jose Mariano da Conceicao Veloso who presented to the king a project for publishing books on natural history, research and dissemination on the life and nature in Brazil.Use of Galenic therapy -Enema Tile panel of Regents of the University Federal da BahiaRitual practices of indigenous healing Image of History of Pharmacy Museum - AmsterdamCalundu - African ritualHis proposition was deferred but Frei Veloso was appointed director of the Tipografia do Arco do Cego. This institution had to buy printing presses, formed a school of drawing, printmaking and watercolor to train artists capable of illustrating. There were over 60 works, treatises of Natural History, philosophy and art to illustration publishings.In 1790 the Tipografia do Arco do Cego, after a botanical expedition to Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, published the Flora Fluminensis by Frei Veloso where1400 plant species are described and illustrated.When the Portuguese court was transfered to Brazil in 1808, the regent prince D. Joao VI, following the Vandellis practice of botanical studies, determined the creation of the Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. There were invited a significative number of French scientists and artists, among them, Jean Baptiste Debret. Installed in Rio de Janeiro in 1816, Debret began his iconographic records of the monarchy, society, culture, fauna and flora.Artist traveler he was both teacher, designer,