LinkGabriel Antonio Covino Diamante , Paulo Vinicius Tertuliano Marinho , Carolina Camargo Zani,Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense & Monica Vicky Bahr AriasActa Scientiae Veterinariae, 2016. 44(Suppl 1): 116.Aortic Thromboembolism as a Consequence of Bacterial EndocarditisCausing Acute Ischemic Neuromyopathy in a DogAbstractBackground: Aortic thromboembolism (ATE) is a potentially fatal and rare condition in dogs. Ischemic neuromyopathyis main consequence, characterized by paraparesis or paraplegia, loss of femoral pulses, pain and hypothermia in distalpart of affected limbs. In felines, affection is primarily associated with heart problems, whereas in dogs, condition is dueto diseases which compromise the blood flow, such as, hyperadrenocorticism, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, disseminatedintravascular coagulation, sepsis, and more rarely cardiac problems. The aim of this article is describe a case ofacute aortic thromboembolism due to bacterial endocarditis in a dog. Case: A female, 9-year-old dog, weighing 28.5 kg, was referred for examination due to acute paraparesis and pain. Patientshowed cyanosis in nail beds and cold extremities in hind limbs, heart murmur degree V / IV, and bilateral absence offemoral arterial pulse. Due to suspicion of ATE, patient was treated with heparin, aspirin and tramadol, however it cameto die less than 24 h after initial care. At necropsy, there was pulmonary edema, moderate hyperemia and severe tricuspidmitral valve. A thrombus with 3.0 cm of diameter in left atrium was found. At beginning of aorta there was also a thrombusmeasuring 5.0 cm x 0.3 cm x 0.3 cm and other thrombus in abdominal aortic trifurcation measuring 3.0 cm x 0.5 cm x0.5 cm. Kidneys showed diffusely marked coagulative necrosis associated with extensive congestion and hemorrhage incorticomedullar region. Multiples focus of dark red coloration lesions and elevated surfaces ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 cm ofdiameter were observed in the spleen. Histological examination of heart valves showed presence of moderate amounts ofdegenerate neutrophils indicating bacterial endocarditis, whereas, same exam of kidneys, interstitial inflammatory infiltratemostly constituted by a small quantity of degenerated neutrophils and lymphocytes was found. Thus, final diagnosis wasATE, resulting from bacterial endocarditis. Discussion: Aortic thromboembolism is an uncommon disease in dogs, generally affecting patients ranging from mediumto big-sized and middle-aged to elderly dogs. Majority of dogs show chronic signs, whilst acute presentation, describedherein, is uncommon. Clinical signs, showed by our patient were similar to what occur in felines with same disease, beingabsence of femoral pulse pathognomonic for both species. Patients can present partial or full obstruction to aortic trifurcation,with signs which range from weakness to paraplegia, as a consequence of ischemic neuromyopathy, as well observedin the present report. On post-mortem examination clinical suspicion of ATE was confirmed, however, unlike majority ofreports of this condition in literature, two more thrombus were also identified. Due to acute picture and fast evolution todeath, complementary exams, such as, two-dimensional ultrasound or Doppler, which are effective in viewing of presenceof occlusion of aortic and decrease of blood flow, were not possible to accomplish. Severity and fatal evolution of thispicture also prevented both etiologic diagnosis and treatment to be conducted. In consulted literature, descriptions of ATEdue to bacterial endocarditis in dogs werent found, but it is believed that in present report,