has totally eclipsed the valence-bond method. As a result of this development, he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1966.Mulliken became a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1936, the youngest member in the organization's history, at that time.Mulliken population analysis is named after him, a method of assigning charges to atoms in a molecule. FamilyOn December 24, 1929, he married Mary Helen von Noe, daughter of a geology professor at the University of Chicago. They had two daughters. Later yearsIn 1934, he derived a new scale for measuring the electronegativity of elements. This does not entirely correlate with the scale of Linus Pauling, but is generally in close correspondence.In World War II, from 1942 to 1945, Mulliken directed the Information Office for the University of Chicago's Plutonium project. Afterward, he developed mathematical formulas to enable the progress of the molecular-orbital theory.In 1952 he began to apply quantum mechanics to the analysis of the reaction between Lewis acid and base molecules. (See Acid-base reaction theories.) He became Distinguished Professor of Physics and Chemistry in 1961 and continued in his studies of molecular structure and spectra, ranging from diatomic molecules to large complex aggregates. He retired in 1985.He died of congestive heart failure at his daughter's home in Arlington, Virginia (across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C.) His body was returned to Chicago for burial. ReferencesPlatt, JR (1966), "1966 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry: Robert S. Mulliken.", Science 154 (3750): 745747, 1966 Nov 11, doi:10.1126/science.154.3750.745, PMID 17745979R. Stephen Berry, Biographical Memoirs, Vol. 78: Robert Sanderson Mulliken, 1896-1986 (Washington, D.C.: The National Academy Press, 2000), pages 146-165. Available on-line at: http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/rmulliken.pdf .External links Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Robert S. Mulliken Key Participants: Robert Mulliken - Linus Pauling and the Nature of the Chemical Bond: A Documentary History [hide]v d eNobel Laureates in Chemistry Edwin McMillan / Glenn T. Seaborg (1951) Archer Martin / Richard Synge (1952) Hermann Staudinger (1953) Linus Pauling (1954) Vincent du Vigneaud (1955) Cyril Hinshelwood / Nikolay Semyonov (1956) Alexander Todd (1957) Frederick Sanger (1958) Jaroslav Heyrovsky (1959) Willard Libby (1960) Melvin Calvin (1961) Max Perutz / John Kendrew (1962) Karl Ziegler / Giulio Natta (1963) Dorothy Hodgkin (1964) Robert Woodward (1965) Robert S. Mulliken (1966) Manfred Eigen / Ronald Norrish / George Porter (1967) Lars Onsager (1968) Derek Barton / Odd Hassel (1969) Luis Federico Leloir (1970) Gerhard Herzberg (1971) Christian B. Anfinsen / Stanford Moore / William Stein (1972) E.O.Fischer / Geoffrey Wilkinson (1973) Paul Flory (1974) John Cornforth / Vladimir Prelog (1975) Complete roster 19011925 19261950 19511975 19762000 2001present Categories: 1896 births | 1986 deaths | American physicists | American chemists | American Nobel laureates | Florida State University faculty | Guggenheim Fellows | Harvard University alumni | Foreign Members of the Royal Society | International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science members | Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni | Nobel laureates in Chemistry | People from Newburyport, Massachusetts | Physical chemists | Priestley Medal | American people of Scottish descent | Theoretical chemists | University of Chicago alumni Henri Poincare Jules Henri