very similar to TCP, but simpler and less reliable.IP is Connection-LessIP is for communication between computers.IP is a "connection-less" communication protocol.IP does not occupy the communication line between two computers. IP reduces the need for network lines. Each line can be used for communication between many different computers at the same time.With IP, messages (or other data) are broken up into small independent "packets" and sent between computers via the Internet.IP is responsible for "routing" each packet to the correct destination.IP RoutersWhen an IP packet is sent from a computer, it arrives at an IP router.The IP router is responsible for "routing" the packet to the correct destination, directly or via another router.The path the packet will follow might be different from other packets of the same communication. The router is responsible for the right addressing, depending on traffic volume, errors in the network, or other parameters.Connection-Less AnalogyCommunicating via IP is like sending a long letter as a large number of small postcards, each finding its own (often different) way to the receiver.TCP/IPTCP/IP is TCP and IP working together.TCP takes care of the communication between your application software (i.e. your browser) and your network software.IP takes care of the communication with other computers.TCP is responsible for breaking data down into IP packets before they are sent, and for assembling the packets when they arrive.IP is responsible for sending the packets to the correct destination.IP AddressesEach computer must have an IP address before it can connect to the Internet.Each IP packet must have an address before it can be sent to another computer.IP addess is the identity of computer or website.Domain NamesA name is much easier to remember than a 12 digit number.Names used for TCP/IP addresses are called domain names.google.com is a domain name.When you address a web site, like http://www.google.com, the name is translated to a number by a Domain Name Server (DNS).All over the world, DNS servers are connected to the Internet. DNS servers are responsible for translating domain names into TCP/IP addresses.When a new domain name is registered together with a TCP/IP address, DNS servers all over the world are updated with this information.TCP - Transmission Control ProtocolTCP is used for transmission of data from an application to the network.TCP is responsible for breaking data down into IP packets before they are sent, and for assembling the packets when they arrive.IP - Internet ProtocolIP takes care of the communication with other computers.IP is responsible for the sending and receiving data packets over the Internet.HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer ProtocolHTTP takes care of the communication between a web server and a web browser.HTTP is used for sending requests from a web client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages) from the server back to the client.HTTPS - Secure HTTPHTTPS takes care of secure communication between a web server and a web browser.HTTPS typically handles credit card transactions and other sensitive data.SSL - Secure Sockets LayerThe SSL protocol is used for encryption of data for secure data transmission.SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer ProtocolSMTP is used for transmission