LETTER FOR THE DEMARCATION OF THE INDIGENOUS LANDS IN BRAZILWe, the traditional leadership of the Kaingang people, leaders, professionals, youth, women, elders of the 305 Indigenous Peoples, who speak 274 languages and which make up 0,4% of the national population, with the support of indigenous organizations and pro-indigenous, of Brazilian citizens, of social movements and organized civil society denounce the Brazilian state, its executive, legislative and judicial powers for its 514 years of omission in favor of the annihilation of Indigenous Peoples, the expropriation of our lands, and the violation of our rights as human beings! Rio Grande do Sul is home to two of the greatest Indigenous Peoples in the country, making up this province as the 10th in the country population-wise: the Guarani People and the Kaingang People are, respectively, the 2nd and the 3rd biggest populations of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil (IBGE Census, 2010). The Kaingang are about 45 thousand people, most of which live in Rio Grande do Sul province and own the smallest indigenous lands of the country, confined in reductions of ancient traditional lands that today correspond to more or less 1% of the provinces territory, creating conflicts in which we defend our lands right at the cost of lives whose losses are not reported in the media and the individualized criminalization of leaders that defend our collective rights constitutionally guaranteed but disrespected in a daily basis. The insufficiency of our territories has endangered our physical and cultural survival as Kaingang Peoples, whose language is under risk of extinction, following the UNESCOs Atlas of the World's languages in Danger of Disappearing and the human development index that put the indigenous peoples as the segments under situation of social risk and show the omission of the Brazilian state in protecting the integrity of the Indigenous Peoples as distinct peoples, in accordance with the article 8 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. We fight in Brazil and abroad to get recognized our original right to land: a right that precedes the existence of the Brazilian state, at the expense of hundreds and thousands of indigenous lives, and we were successful: the Brazilian Constitution and the ILO Convention 169 recognize our right to our indigenous lands. A deadline of 5 years was established in 1988 and the year 1993 passed without the regularization of the indigenous lands in Brazil. 21 years went by and since then we have been fighting not to lose our recognized rights: we denounce the legal back-tracking currently in place the national Congress to eliminate our territorial rights and to bolster the interest of the agribusiness. We emphasize that the current government has the smallest indicators of indigenous lands demarcation since the military dictatorship and that the Brazilian judiciary, legislative and executive powers have violated the legality principle that mandates the state to respect and implement the right to consultation of Indigenous Peoples likely to be affected by juridical, political or administrative measures, through appropriate procedures and respecting representative institutions, under good will, in accordance with the ILO Convention 169. We