degree, formed by a body whose names vary depending on the province where located. There are provincial courts, as the first degree of Justice, and courts of appeals.Only first instance provincial judges are appointed by the provincial government. Judges of superior state courts, federal judges and judges of courts of appeals are appointed by the federal government, after reviewed by a committee statements made by Minister of Justice, who also holds the post of Attorney General of Canada.To become a judge, a pratice lawyer with over ten years experience must inform his interest, applying to the a judge. To become a superior court judge or a appeal court judge, counsel must also have practiced as law professor for at least ten years. There is no career progression. The appointment is for the specific position. All of them must be bilingual, because the processes can flow in English or French. Cases starts in English, but either party may request that their case be processed in French.There are also several bodies of trial on special subjects, called quasi-judicial tribunals, or boards, as the Canadian International Trade Tribunal, the Canadian Artists and Producers Professional Relations Tribunal, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal, the Canada Pension Plan Pension Appeals Board, some of which has state amplitude, as the Ontario Labour Relations Board (OLRB), which resolves conflicts arising from employment disputes. These are autonomous government bodies that act as regulators, but they have the power to dismiss conflicts. Its members are not judges and are appointed for temporary orders because they are experts in the matter, applying regulatory law.Moreover, there are private courts of arbitration, particularly for civil and family matters. Many private arbitration courts are subordinate to the judicial courts, acting under their supervision, to ensure that the process would be fair.THE COURT OF ONTARIOThe State Court of Ontario in its first degree consists of two bodies, Ontario Court of Justice and Superior Court of Justice. The jurisdiction of each other is defined by estatute. It is distributed throughout the state and deals mainly with criminal, commercial, civil and family cases. Trials are presided over by an individual judge, who decides the facts through an assessment of probability in civil cases, and beyond reasonable doubt in criminal proceedings.Evidences are produced by the parties, without interference from the courts, by the adversarial system method. The role of the judge is more shy, deciding only within the limitations of the evidence and arguments presented by the parties. He does not investigate, but acts as impartial mediator of the process.In the State Court of Ontario sit approximately three hundred full-time judges. Besides them there are about thirty part time judges, or per diem judges. The retirement age for Judges of Ontario is 65 years, and mandatory at age 75. Some judges with 65 years of age or older are assigned to work in part-time. Per diem judges are typically assigned in cases of a vacancy or of the illness of a full-time judge and are also used extensively in dealing with backlog-reduction initiatives and special projects.There are also Justices of