the commitments by many developed countries to achieve thetarget of 0.7 per cent of GNP for ODA to developing countries by2015, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA toleast developed countries. To reach their agreed timetables, donorcountries should take all necessary and appropriate measures to raisethe rate of aid disbursements to meet their existing commitments. Weurge those developed countries that have not yet done so to makeadditional concrete efforts towards the target of 0.7 per cent of GNPfor ODA to developing countries, including the specific target of0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA to least developed countries, inaccordance with their commitments. To build on progress achieved inensuring that ODA is used effectively, we stress the importance ofdemocratic governance, improved transparency and accountability, andmanaging for results. We strongly encourage all donors to establish,as soon as possible, rolling indicative timetables that illustratehow they aim to reach their goals, in accordance with theirrespective budget allocation process. We stress the importance ofmobilizing greater domestic support in developed countries towardsthe fulfillment of their commitments, including through raisingpublic awareness, and by providing data on the development impact ofaid provided and demonstrating tangible results.259.We welcome increasing efforts to improve the quality of ODA and toincrease its development impact. We also recognize the need toimprove development effectiveness, increase programme-basedapproaches, use country systems for activities managed by the publicsector, reduce transaction costs and improve mutual accountabilityand transparency and, in this regard, we call upon all donors tountie aid to the maximum extent. We will further make developmentmore effective and predictable by providing developing countries withregular and timely, indicative information on planned support in themedium term. We recognize the importance of efforts by developingcountries to strengthen leadership of their own development, nationalinstitutions, systems and capacity to ensure the best results ofeffective development by engaging with parliaments and citizens inshaping those policies and deepening engagement with civil societyorganizations. We should also bear in mind that there is noone-size-fits-all formula that will guarantee developmenteffectiveness. The specific situation of each country needs to befully considered. 260.We note that the aid architecture has significantly changed in thecurrent decade. New aid providers and novel partnership approaches,which utilize new modalities of cooperation, have contributed toincreasing the flow of resources. Further, the interplay ofdevelopment assistance with private investment, trade and newdevelopment actors provides new opportunities for aid to leverageprivate resource flows. We reiterate our support for South-Southcooperation, as well as triangular cooperation, which provides muchneeded additional resources to the implementation of developmentprogrammes. We recognize the importance and different history andparticularities of South-South cooperation and stress thatSouth-South cooperation should be seen as an expression of solidarityand cooperation between countries, based on their shared experiencesand objectives. Both forms of cooperation support a developmentagenda that addresses the particular needs and expectations ofdeveloping countries. We also recognize that South-South cooperationcomplements rather than substitutes for North-South cooperation. Weacknowledge the role played by middle-income developing countries asproviders and recipients of development cooperation. 261.We invite the international financial institutions, within theirrespective mandates, to continue providing financial resources,including through specific mechanisms for the promotion ofsustainable development and