the anomalous sensitivities to harmful stimulation. Thehypothesis of the role of endogenous opioids (Cataldo and Harris, 1982; Ryanand colleagues, 1989; Benjamin and colleagues, 1995)would involve such alterations.In such cases, the person self-stimulating inself-injurious manners would produce a sensory response that would increase thechances of self-stimulating again the same way. It is plausible that what thatperson feels in response to harmful self- stimulation is quite different fromwhat he would feel if his organism were an neurobiologically typical organism,with a typical sensitivity. If devices such as SIBIS can, immediately and contingentlyto harmful self-stimulations, add an aversive stimulation that produces a sensoryresponse functionally equivalent to the sensory response that would actuallyoccur in a typical organism, it is plausible to assume that the intervention is ethically justified, because it represents an environmental adaptation that would allow"correction" of a severe sensory impairment.References:- Linscheid, T. R., Iwata, B. A., Ricketts, R.W., Williams, D. E., & Griffin, J. C. (1990). Clinical evaluation of theself-injurious behavior inhibiting system (SIBIS). Journal of AppliedBehavior Analysis, 23, 53-78.- Iwata, B. A. (1988). Thedevelopment and adoption of controversial default technologies. Behavior Analyst,11, 149157.- Israel,M.L., Blenkush, N.A., von Heyn, R.E., & Sands, C.C. (2010). Seven Case Studies of Individuals Expelled fromPositive-Only Programs. The Journal ofBehavior Analysis of Offender and Victim Treatment and Prevention, 2 (1),20-36- van Oorsouw, W.M.W.J., Israel, M. L., von Heyn, R. E., Duker, P. C.(2008). Side effects of contingent shock treatment. Research in Developmental Disabilities, , 29(6), 513-523.- Salvy, S., Mulick, J.A, Butter, E., Bartlett, R.K. & Linscheid, T.R.(2004) Contingent electric shock (SIBIS) and a conditioned punisher eliminatesevere head banging in a preschool child. BehavioralInterventions, 19, 59-72.- Linscheid, T.R. & Reichenbach, H. (2002). Multiple factors in thelong-term effectiveness of contingent electric shock treatment forself-injurious behavior: a case example. Researchin Developmental Disabilities, 23, 161-177.- Smith, R. G., & Churchill, R. M. (2002).Identification of environmental determinants of behavior disorders throughfunctional analysis of precursor behaviors. Journal of Applied BehaviorAnalysis, 35, 125-136.- Cataldo, M. F., & Harris, J. (1982). The biological basis for self-injury in the mentally retarded. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 2, 21-39.- Ryan E. P.; Helsel W. J.; Lubetsky, M. J.; Miewald, B. K.; Hersen, M.; Bridge, J. (1989). Use of naltrexone in reducing self-injurious behavior: A single case analysis Journal of the multihandicapped person, 2 (4), pg. 295-309.- Benjamin, S.; Seek, A.; Tresise, L.; Price, E.; Gagnon, M. (1995). Case study: paradoxical response to naltrexone treatment of self-injurious behavior. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, Feb; 34(2):238-42.- Fahmie,T.A. & Iwata, B. A. (2011).Topographical and functional properties of precursors to severe problembehavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 993-997.