As we know, German nouns canbemasculine, feminine, or neuter, and the article used with anoun is dependent on its gender. You may have already beenadvised to memorize the definite article der, die, or das as an essential part of the noun itself, as there arefew patterns that will reliably (com seguranca) help you retrieve (recuperar,lembrar) the gender of the noun later on (mais tarde). We try to help with this by alwaysincluding the definite articleof any new vocabulary words presented.However, because new words are not always presented with their definite articlein real life situations, it may be good to learn a few tendencies that existfor certain word endings. Lets start with some typically masculine endings, keeping inmind that these rules do have exceptions and that memorizing the article alongwith (junto com) each individual noun will always be a better idea.Often, words ending with-er, -or, -en, -ling, -smus, -ig, -eig, -ant, or -eich are masculine and require the definitearticle der.Der Teig hat doch eine ganze Stunde gebraucht, um fertig zuwerden.The batter did indeed take awhole hour to be ready.A massa do pao realmente demorou uma hora inteira para ficarpronta.Dann wird der Honig in Glaser abgefullt.Then the honeyis poured into jars.Entao o mel e derramou em frascos.Der Garten, den ihr hier seht, der gehort zurDomane Dahlem.The garden, which you seehere, belongs to the Domane Dahlem [name of museum].O jardim, que voce ve aqui, pertence ao Domane Dahlem [nome domuseu].It isimportant to note that these rules often dont apply to monosyllabic words.For example, words ending in -eich are often masculine, but not das Reich ("the empire").Und der hintere Bereich jetzt hier, wo kommen wir jetzt hin?And the areanow behind here, where are we going now?E a area agora aqui atras, ondenos vamos ir agora?And don't forget: these rules are really only tendencies due to exceptions (tendencias devido as excecoes). As we see here, there arewords ending with -ant thatare not masculine.Der Elefant wollte an seine Frau nach Afrikaschreiben.The elephant wanted to write tohis wife in Africa.O elefante queria escrever para sua esposana Africa.Wie heit das Restaurant, dessen Essen so... dessen Essen so gut sein soll?What is the name of therestaurant whose food... whose food is supposed to be so good?Qual e o nome dorestaurante cuja comida ... cuja comida e suposta ser tao bom?We will be back next week withtypical endings for feminine nouns. Last week, we discussed howthe ending of a noun may indicate whether it's masculine, feminine,or neuter, and looked at some endings like -er and -ig that typically require the definite masculine article der.As we did last week, we must offer the disclaimer (avisar) that this isnot a 100% reliable way (maneira confiavel) to learn the genders of nouns, dueto many exceptions. We encourage you as much as possible to simply learn the appropriatedefinite article (der, die, or das)along with each individual word so that you'll always know the gender of thenoun in the future.However, if you ever get stuck (mesmo assim encontrar problemas), it might helpto know that-anz,-ei,-heit,-ik,-ion,-keit,-schaft,-tat, and -ung are endings that often indicate a feminine noun. Let's look at