thegoodfellas/blogset-br huggingface dataset:
Mais uma etapa digamos um tanto quanto importante foi resolvida... Hotel reservado... ufa... ja nao sou um Catalao sem teto.Agora sim, ja da pra visitar a Sagrada Familia, Camp Nou, Bairro Gotico, Barceloneta, Las Ramblas... Estava ha pouco assistindo uma apresentacao musical e havia algumas senhoras dancando, alias dancando como se caminhassem pelas nuvens... Seus pes flutuavam e a impressao que eu tinha era que aquelas senhoras estavam voando...Assim sao algumas pessoas, privilegiadas, podem transformar um simples ato como dancar em algo magico...!!!Observem durante as provas de rua... esses seres iluminados estao por la tambem... ao correrem fazem tudo de uma forma tao leve que as vezes penso que sao levadas pelo vento...Afinal, e muito bom saber que eles estao ao nosso redor, nao e?!?:-) Primeiro dia em Barcelona apos chegar, passar pela imigracao, encontrar o Hotel, confirmar a reserva e finalmente instalar-me... Ufa, estou em casa agora.Hoje acordei um pouco tarde, 10h30, mas considerando que estou quatro horas a frente do Brasil o horario e habitual para mim, mas nao farei mais isso pois tenho muita coisa para fazer e dormir durmo no Brasil afinal.Como o hotel fica proximo a Sagrada Familia, algo como 2,5Km, fui caminhando pois desta forma pude ver os locais de perto alem de me acostumar melhor com o movimento da cidade.Como hoje e sabado havia uma fila enorme para ver a igreja por dentro, faco isso noutro dia. Preferi dar uma volta completa no local, algo como circundar um quarteirao e assim tirar muitas fotos.A igreja e muito diferente de tudo que ja vi ate hoje, mas o que mais me chamou atencao foram as ruas laterais, com suas arvores por toda extensao.... Isso me fez pensar como deve ser morar num lugar como esse.... MARAVILHOSO!!! Essa cidade e incrivel, me sinto como se tivesse vivido aqui a vida toda, tudo e familiar e ja estou me achando um Barcelonense.Como nao bebo cervejas, assim que achei um cafe logo entrei para degustar um delicio macchiato... O lugar se chama Antico Caffe e fica na esquina da Carrer de Gracia com Carrer de Luis Antunez. Fica numa parte da cidade com ruas estreitas, como se fossem grandes calcadoes... Suas casas sao antigas, as vezes velhas, essas ultimas como se estivessem abandonadas ou interditadas... Um lugar que poderia transmitir inseguranca, poderia eu disse pois nada aconteceu nesse sentido, fica-se super tranquilo isso sim.Agora ha pouco, quando acessei uma rua mais larga, Carrer de Gracia, aconteceu uma cena quase surreal... Em meio aos predios baixos, quatro pisos no maximo, sugiram tres Maritacas voando muito baixo, quase da altura da minha cabeca, bem no meio da rua... Apareceram numa esquina, passaram por mim num voo rasante e desapareceram na esquina seguinte... Muito barulhentas como sempre sao as Maritacas.... So em Barcelona para ver isso!!! Mais uma etapa cumprida... Rodagem de 2h20, 25k mais ou menos... Digo mais ou menos por que hoje o GPS nao quis funcionar de jeito nenhum... E a marcacao de tempo e distancia ficou para historia... rssPelo menos hoje em dia esse tipo de coisa nao
discutimos a matematica na educacao infantil. Ja a partir dali fui compreendendo o quanto a matematica e pratica. Na pracinha a crianca aprende a medir o tempo que ela precisa para passar na frente de um balanco em movimento sem que se machuque, ao brincar aprende as coisas maiores e menores atraves de experimentacao (coloca o brinquedo na caixa, experimenta se cabe ou nao cabe, com o tempo apenas olhando ela ira saber...)Enfim, vivencia, vivencia e vivencia...
praticas foi muito significativo, pois aliando estas problematizacoes a leitura me deparei com coisas que nunca havia imaginado.Alem disto, estudar Foucault quase que de forma independente (pois a compreensao dos conceitos do autor eram indispensaveis para a pesquisa se quisesse utiliza-lo como referencial) me fez ver o quanto a educacao a distancia me deu independencia. O aprendizado durante o curso (de encontrar na internet fontes confiaveis, saber seleciona-las, ir em busca da informacao) foi essencial para que isto se concretizasse.Terminei o semestre com algumas respostas e novas perguntas - felizmente, pois continuar estudando faz parte dos meus planos.
a questao do letramento, da importancia do uso da linguagem literaria alem de me proporcionar pensar a importancia da oralidade como forma de pensar (Segundo Vigotsky o pensamento se estrutura atraves da linguagem) e a possibilidade de producao textual na educacao infantil.Diante de tudo isto, passo a encarar com mais seriedade as propostas na educacao infantil (nao que eu nao tivesse seriedade em meu trabalho, mas muitas vezes esta importancia e diminuida por uma infantilizacao excessiva das propostas educativas, por pura falta de compreensao das construcoes feitas nesta etapa)
sei. Nao estou a dizer que dever-se-ia adotar uma forma de avaliacao igual para nossos alunos - "A partir de agora todos devem fazer blog de aprendizagens!" - nao e isto... Mas a atividade permitiu ver que e possivel encontrar caminhos para o que para muitos ainda e utopico. A partir desta vivencia tenho certeza de que todas nos do PEAD incorporamos um pouco disto em nossa pratica, ou no minimo em nosso olhar para o aluno - um olhar investigativo e nao um olhar que mensura o conhecimento adquirido.
Law Nr. 128 of december 6, 1935 regulated the coinage of new coins and prescribed the value, the weight, the diameter, the silver content and the composition of the alloys. Decree Nr. 565 of december 31, 1935 confirmed the coinage of coins of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 reis and defined whose busts should appear on the coins. Since 1936 the mint began to strike a complete series of these new coins with images of well known Brazilians. The coins of 500 and 1000 reis from this series of coins are identical from the ones minted in the year 1935 but they are of a slightly lesser weight. Since 1936 the coins of 2000 reis are struck in Aluminium-bronze and are of a different type. The new coin of 100 reis shows admiral Tamandare (1808-1897), foundr of the Brazilian navy. The coin of 200 reis has the image of the viscount of Maua (1803-1889). He constructed the first railway in Brazil that connected Rio de Janeiro with Petropolis. The coin of 300 reis shows Carlos Gomes (1836-1896), composer and the coin of 400 reis Oswaldo Cruz (1872-1917), micro-biologist. Finally the coin of 5000 reis shows an image of Santos Dumont (1873-1932), an aviation pioneer of the early years. The designs for the coins were from the three ex-students of the engraver Girardet: Walter Rodriques Toledo (initials WT), Calmon Barreto de Sa Carvalho (initials CB) e Leopoldo Alves de Campo (initials LC). 100 reis copper-nickel KM#53675% copper and 25% nickle, weight4,50 gr.Obv: Admiral Tamandare. Text: TAMANDARE and the initials CB of theengraver Calmon Barreto de Sa Carvalho.Rev: Anchor and the value 100 REIS. Text:Brazil and date. At the left tip of the anchor the initials WT of the engraverWalter Rodriques Toledo. 200 reis copper-nickel KM#53775% copper and 25% nickle, weight 6,00 gr.Obv: Viscount de Maua. Text: MAUA and the initials LC of the engraver Leopoldo Alves de Campo.Rev: Steamtrain with benaeth it the value 200 RS. Text: BRAZIL and date, to the right of the train the initials LC of the engraver Leopoldo Alves de Campo. 300 reis copper-nickel KM#53875% copper and 25% nickle, weight 8,00 gr.Obv: Carlos Gomes. Text: CARLOS GOMES and the initials LC of the engraver Leopoldo Alves de Campo.Rev: Harp and the value 300 REIS. Text: Brazil and date, at the left at the foot of the harp the initials LC of the engraverLeopoldo Alves de Campo. 400 reis copper-nickel KM#53975% copper and 25% nickle, weight 10,00 gr.Obv: Oswaldo Cruz. Text: OSWALDO CRUZ.Rev: Oil lamp with beneath the value 400 REIS. Text: Brazil and date. 500 reis aluminium-bronze KM#54090% copper, 8% aluminium and 2% zinc, weight 5,00 gr.Obv: Antonio Diogo Feijo. Text: REGENTE FEIJO.Rev: Imperial pilar and the value 500 reis. Text: Brazil and date. 1000 reis aluminium-bronze KM#54190% copper, 8% aluminium and 2% zinc, weight 7,00 gr.Obv: Father Jose Anchieta. Text: ANCHIETA.Rev: Open bible with the value 1000 reis. Text: Brazil and date. 2000 reis aluminium-bronze KM#54290% copper, 8% aluminium and 2% zinc, weight 9,00 gr.Obv: Marshal Luiz Alves de Lima, count of Caxias
- to the left a crown and to the right CAXIAS.Rev: Part of a sword with the value 2000 reis. Text: Brazil and date. 5000 reis silver KM#54360% silver and 40% copper, weight 10,00 gr,Obv: Santos Dumont. Text: SANTOS DUMONT.Rev: Wing with the value 5000 reis. Text: Brazil.
The same law nr. 559 of december 31, 1898 wich ordered the minting of the comemorative series of coins, included an article 3, IV wich ordered the minting abroad of new nickel coins at a value of 20.000.000$000 reis. This resulted in the minting of these Coins of 100, 200 and 400 reis struck in 1901 and 1902 with the date in Roman numerals as MCMI. The coins of 100 and 200 reis are the replacements for the old type.law nr. 953 of december 29, 1902 article 4 the old nickel coins were redrawn from circulation.The 400 reis coin is a new value in the series. The design is from Rodolfo Bernardelli (1852-1931) and the dies for these coins were made by Paulin Tasset, initials P.T, at the Paris mint. Their are coins known without the initials P.T. All the coins were struck in mints outside Brazil. They were minted in Hamburg (Germany), Birmingham (England), Viena (Austria), Paris (France) and Brussels (Belgium). 100 Reis - KM # 518 Copper nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 5,00 gr.Obv: Arms of Brasil with oliveleaf and value 100 reis. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil.Rev: Woman representing the republic Brazil with a diadem with the text LIBERT(AS) (liberty) within circle of 21 stars. 200 Reis KM# 518 Copper nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 8,00 gr.Obv: Arms of Brasil with oliveleaf and value 200 reis. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil.Rev: Woman representing the republic Brazil with a diadem with the text LIBERT(AS) (liberty) within circle of 21 stars. 400 Reis - KM # 505 Copper nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 12,00 gr.Obv: Arms of Brasil with oliveleaf and value 400 reis. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil.Rev: Woman representing the republic Brazil with a diadem with the text LIBERT(AS) (liberty) within circle of 21 stars. Decree Nr. 4182 of november 13, 1920 autorized in article nr. 2 the coinage of silver coins of 500, 1000 and 2000 reis. Decree Nr. 4555 august 10, 1922 autorized in article 146 Nr.1 the coinage of coins of 500 and 1000 reis to celebrate the centenial of the independance of Brazil. This time however the decree speaks of coins made of an alloy of aluminium-bronze. Because of the economic crisis that was setting in it was no longer possible to strike silver coins of this value. Decree Nr. 15.620 of august 19, 1922 described the design of the coins of 500 and 1000 reis and decree Nr. 15.728 of octobre 12, 1922 autorized the coinage of silver coins of 2000 reis with 900/1000 silver content. Law Nr. 4632 of januari 6, 1923 changed the silver alloy to 500/1000, the same silver content wich Great Brittain had adopted for their silver coins in 1920. As a result of this law decree Nr. 15.936 januari 24, 1923 ordered to change the silver alloy for the coins of 2000 reis to 500/1000 silver. This is the reason why coins of 2000 reis with the date 1922 exist of 900/1000 silver, struck
until the end of 1922, and coins of 2000 reis with 500/1000 silver, struck since januari 6, 1923, still with the date 1922. The coins of 500 and 1000 reis exist with the error BBASIL, probibly coins of the first coinage. During this time the engraver Augusto Giorgio Girardet was the head and and professor of the engravers department of the mint. Because of the great amount of work in the mint somebody forgot to restore this fault in the plaster model, this faulty model went to the reduction section to make dies of the plaster model. The mint used this error to get rid of Girardet who already had a bad relation with his superiors because of his many requests to reform the engravers department. 500 reis copper-aluminium 91% copper and 9% aluminium, weight 4,00 gr.Obv: Busts of Dom Pedro 1 and president Epitacio Pessoa. Text: proclamation of the independence * * the 10 th president of the republic - Brazil.Rev: Burning torch with two crossed branches with crown and cap of liberty, the value 500 reis and the dates 1822 - 1922. Text: september 7, 100 years independence. 1000 reis copper-aluminium 91% copper and 9% aluminium, weight 8,00 gr.Obv: Busts of Dom Pedro 1 and president Epitacio Pessoa. Text: proclamation of the independence * * the 10 th president of the republic - Brazil.Rev: Burning torch with two crossed branches with crown and cap of liberty, the value 1000 reis and the dates 1822 - 1922. Text: september 7, 100 years independence. 2000 reis silver ,until januari 6, 1923 90% silver and 10% copper, then 50% silver and 50% copper, weight 8,00 gr,Obv: Busts of Dom Pedro 1 and president Epitacio Pessoa. Text: proclamation of the independence * * president of the republic - Brazil.Rev: Arms of Dom Pedro 1 and arms of the republic, the value 2000 reis and the dates 1822 - 1922. Text: 100 years independence
New series of coins for circulation purposes made of copper-nickle, aluminium-bronze and silver. Law nr. 3454 of januari 6, 1918 authorised the coinage of small change made of nickle and bronze. Decree nr. 3545 of october 2, 1918 liberated the sum of 10.000.000 reis to strike new coins of 20 en 50 reis and to design new coins of 2000 reis. As a result of these laws new coins made of nickle were struck with the values of 20, 50, 100, 200 and 400 reis. The coinage of new coins of 500 and 1000 reis was regulated by law nr. 4783 of december 31, 1923 until a sum of 15.000.000.000 reis. This same law regulated the coinage of silver coins of 2000 reis until a sum of 20.000.000.000 reis. In 1914 a design was made for a coin of 2000 reis with the image of abundantia. This image was now used on the coins of 500 and 1000 reis of this series. The engraver of the dies for the coins of 500, 1000 and 2000 reis was Joao da Cruz Vargas, initials JV on these coins. The design for these coins of 500, 1000 and 2000 reis was regulated by decree nr. 16.409 of march 12, 1924. During the first world was Brazil, as other countries not in war, had benefited of the trade of much wanted materials and goods at high prices and high quantities. After the war however Brazil fell into a deep recension because of much lower prices and the decline and fall of the coffee market. Because of this and internal political trouble the Brazilian mil reis began to desvalorize. Also the the crash of the New York stock exchange in 1929 had a catastrophical outcome on the Brazilian economy and the value of the mil mil reis. Because of this it was no longer possible to strike silver coins of 500 and 1000 reis but these coins were now struck in an alloy of aluminium-bronze, also because the price of silver began to rise. Only the coins of 2000 reis were struck in silver but with a lower silver content, 500/1000 silver instead of 900/1000 silver. During circulation the silver colour on the higher parts of these coins, for example the face of the womans head, turned to a darker colour. This was the reason that the coins received nicknames refering to the lower alloy of the coins. Some of the nicknames were fine one, silver dip, Isabela, half silver, dirty face, Catarina, poor thing and bitch. In these times of crisis the counterfitting of coins reached an all time high. During the years 1920-1940, almost every type of coin and every date was copied by counterfitters. Interesting are the coins of 500 reis with the dates 1926 en 1929. All the coins with these dates are counterfit, these dates were never struck in the official Brazilian mint. In the case of the 500 reis coin with the date 1929 there is some further information about the counterfitter. In the city of Ribeirao Preto a plumber was
arrested because his wive spend large quantities of 500 reis coins wich attracted the curiousity of the local police. The plumbers lawyer however stated that his client did not counterfit anything because 500 reis coins with the date 1929 were never officialy minted. Also the treasury department and the Brazilian mint declared that they had never struck these dates. Because of this the plumber was only accused of imitating coins and not falsificating coins. He was liberated and was permited to await the outcome of the trial as a free man! During that time the street where the plumber had his workshop, became known as "street of the treasurer". 20 reis copper-nickel KM # 516.1 75% copper and 25% nickle, weight 2,00 gr.Obv: Woman representing Brazil with 21 stars around the head Rev: 20 REIS in flowery shaped ornaments. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date. 50 reis copper-nickel KM # 51775% copper and 25% nickle, weight 3,00 gr.Obv: Woman representing Brazil with 21 stars around the headRev: 50 REIS in a circle of pearls. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date. 100 reis copper-nickel KM # 51875% copper and 25% nickle, weight 5,00 gr.Obv: Woman representing Brazil with 21 stars around the head.Rev: 100 REIS in a circle of pearls. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date. 200 reis copper-nickel KM # 51975% copper and 25% nickle, weight 8,00 gr.Obv: Woman representing Brazil with 21 stars around the head.Rev: 200 REIS in a circle of pearls. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date. 400 reis copper-nickel KM # 52075% copper and 25% nickle, weight 12,00 gr.Obv: Woman representing Brazil with 21 stars around the head.Rev: 400 REIS in a circle of pearls. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date. 500 reis copper-aluminium KM # 52491% copper and 9% aluminium, weight 4,00 gr.Obv: Knieling woman, representing abundantia, inside circle of 21 stars.Rev: The value 500 reis within ornament of leaves. Text: Brazil and date. 1000 reis aluminium-bronze KM # 52591% copper and 9% aluminium, weight 8,00 gr.Obv: Knieling woman, representing abundantia, inside circle of 21 stars.Rev: The value 1000 reis within ornament of leaves. Text: Brazil and date. 2000 reis silver KM # 52650% silver and 10% copper, weight 8,00 gr,Obv: Womans head representing Brazil, inside circle of 21 stars.Rev: The value 2000 reis within ornament of leaves. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil.
Law Nr. 849 of november 9, 1938 regullated the coinage of 10.000.000 reis in coins made of copper-nickel with the values of 100, 200, 300 and 400 reis. These coins had to be struck to commemorate the first aniversary of the constitution of nvember 10, 1937. The laws Nr. 2305 of june 13, 1940 and Nr. 4020 of january 15, 1942 authorized a second and third coinage of 10.000.000 reis each. This series of coins have the image of president Dr. Getulio Dornelles Vargas, president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and 1951 to 1954. By law Nr. 4299 of may 15, 1942 the comosition of the coins was changed to 88% copper and 12% nickel giving the coins a somewhat pink color. The coins from 1942 are the last ones with the value in reis. In october 1942 a new monetary value was introduced, the "cruzeiro". The designs for the coins are from the hand of the engravers Walfrides Bruno Trinidade (reverse 400 reis 1940), Leopoldo Alves de Campo (obverse of all the coins), Orlando Moutinho Maia (reverse 100 and 400 reis 1938 and reverse 100 reis 1940), Benedito de Araujo Ribeiro (reverse 300 reis 1938 and 1940) and Basilio Francisco Nunes (reverse 200 reis 1940). 100 reis KM# 544Composition:copper-nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 2,50 gr.Obv: President Vargas. Text: GETULIO VARGAS.Rev: Circle arount text. Text: Brazil 100 REIS and date. 200 reis KM# 545Composition:copper-nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 3,50 gr.Obv: President Vargas. Text: GETULIO VARGAS.Rev: Circle arount text. Text: Brazil 200 REIS and date. 300 reis KM# 546Composition:copper-nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 4,50 gr.Obv: President Vargas. Text: GETULIO VARGAS.Rev: Circle arount text. Text: Brazil 300 REIS and date. 400 reis KM# 547Composition:copper-nickel (75% copper and 25% nickle), weight 5,50 gr.Obv: President Vargas. Text: GETULIO VARGAS.Rev: Circle arount text. Text: Brazil 400 REIS and date. Because of shortag of silver coins with the values 2000 and 1000 reis law nr. 2544 of januari 4, 1912 provided the means to strike new coins of these values. They were intended to rovide enough change when payments were made with banknotes of 20000, 10000 and 5000 reis. Except coins of 2000 and 1000 reis also coins with the value of 500 reis were struck. The law also regulated the change in design of the new silver coins. The 21 stars around the womans head on the obverse are connected with a stripe, this is why these coins are known in Braziliand numismatic as "estrelas ligadas" or "connected stars". 500 Reis silver KM # 509 90,0% silver and 10,0% copper, weight 5,00 gr,Obv: Woman representing the republic Brazil inside circle of 21 connected stars. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date.Rev: Arms of Brazil with value 500 reis underneath between branches of coffee with fruits (left) and branches of tobaco with flowers (richt). Text: order and progress. 1000 Reis silver KM # 513 90,0% silver and 10,0% copper, weight 10,00 gr,Obv: Woman representing the republic Brazil inside circle of 21 connected stars. Text: republic of the united
states of Brazil and date.Rev: Arms of Brazil with value 1000 reis underneath between branches of coffee with fruits (left) and branches of tobaco with flowers (richt). Text: order and progress. 2000 Reis silver KM # 514 90,0% silver and 10,0% copper, weight 20,00 gr,Obv: Woman representing the republic Brazil inside circle of 21 connected stars. Text: republic of the united states of Brazil and date.Rev: Arms of Brazil with value 2000 reis underneath between branches of coffee with fruits (left) and branches of tobaco with flowers (richt). Text: order and progress.