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K+ is the debut mixtape of American vocalist Kilo Kish. It was released as a digital download on February 7, 2013. Production Several demos were recorded for K+, both in the studio and at home. Reception Initially, K+ received a mixed to positive critical response. BBC Music's Mike Diver wrote K+ recalled "both Lauryn Hill’s guard-down emotions, articulated brilliantly on The Miseducation of [Lauryn Hill], and the solid narrative structure that served Kendrick Lamar’s good kid, m.A.A.d city so well. Her promise is reaching fruition." Writing for The A&T Register, Jeffrey Lockhart felt the mixtape was "very well polished, and

K+ (mixtape)

professional," and assumed that Kilo Kish had "a future in the music industry." NME writer Siân Rowe, giving the album a 7 out of 10, said that Kish "might not be entirely #wow just yet (unsurprising, considering she made songs for her debut ‘Homeschool’ EP as a “joke… kinda”) but she’s heading there." In a more varied review, Mike Madden of Consequence of Sound said the mixtape was "a very of-the-moment project" due to its influences and elements of genres like neo-soul and trap music, but criticized it because "it winds up so exemplary of some fads in music circa

K+ (mixtape)

now – and gets so little out of them – that it’s all too easy to imagine it blending in with everything else that sounds similar and going obsolete within a year or two." Track listing Notes "Trappin'" features additional vocals by Earl Sweatshirt "Scones" features additional vocals by Childish Gambino Sample credits "IOU" contains a sample of "SexyBack" as written by Justin Timberlake, Timothy Mosley and Floyd Nathaniel Hills and performed by Justin Timberlake and Timbaland, from the album FutureSex/LoveSounds Personnel Source: Kilo Kish – songwriter, vocalist, producer Childish Gambino – songwriter, vocalist, producer Vince Staples – songwriter, vocalist

K+ (mixtape)

Buntiara is a Parish of Ularara County in north west New South Wales. It is between Milparinka, New South Wales and Wilcannia and west of Wanaaring. The main economic activity of the parish is agriculture, with the Ardoo and the Salisbury Downs Station. the parish is at 29°58′45″S 143°47′30″E. History The Parish is in the traditional lands of the Bandjigali and Karenggapa people. The Burke and Wills expedition were the first Europeans to the area. Climate The climate is semi-arid, featuring low rainfall, very hot summer temperatures and cool nights in winter. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of

Parish of Buntiara

Dendropsophus sarayacuensis (common name: Shreve's Sarayacu treefrog or Clown tree frog) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Amazon Basin in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and—presumably—Colombia. Dendropsophus sarayacuensis is a common in parts of its range (Peru and Ecuador). It is nocturnal, arboreal frog inhabiting understorey vegetation in primary and secondary tropical rainforest and forest edges. Eggs are laid out of water whereas the tadpole develop in water, in temporary and permanent pools. As a pet They are a very popular exotic pet. References Category:Dendropsophus Category:Amphibians of Bolivia Category:Amphibians of Brazil Category:Amphibians

Dendropsophus sarayacuensis

Shibil Muhammed (born 23 January 1998) is an Indian football midfielder from Malappuram, Kerala, who currently plays for Gokulam Kerala F.C. in the I-League. He played for Mohun Bagan in 2017. Career Gokulam Kerala FC In August 2019, Muhammed was promoted from academy to Gokulam Kerala FC for their Durand Cup squad by coach Santiago Valera. Shibil made his debut in a 2–3 loss against Chennai City as a substitute. Muhammed scored 2 goals in that match. Career statistics Mohun Bagan academy IFA shield runners 2017 Honours Club Gokulam Kerala F.C. 2019 References Category:Living people Category:Indian footballers Category:Association football midfielders

Shibil Muhammed

The 2018 Harrow London Borough Council election took place on 3 May 2018 to elect members of Harrow London Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections in England. The Conservatives had hoped to win control of the council from Labour, but Labour emerged with an increased number of seats and kept their majority. The Liberal Democrats lost their only seat in the borough. The Conservatives lost seats to Labour, but maintained their total of 28 by winning two seats that had been held by independents. Overall Results Candidates Belmont Canons Edgware Greenhill Harrow

2018 Harrow London Borough Council election

(born 1963) is a Japanese hemp rights advocate, considered "one of Japan’s leading experts on cannabis". He is the curator of the Taima Hakubutsukan (Cannabis Museum) in Nasu, Tochigi Prefecture, which he founded in 2001. He also organizes an annual tour to the legal farms around the museum, and a monthly workshop to teach cannabis fiber weavering. Biography At age 3, Junichi Takayasu read a picture book with ninjas jumping over marijuana plants, which set his mind on becoming a cannabis grower later in his life. References See also Cannabis in Japan Category:Japanese cannabis activists Category:Japanese curators Category:1963 births Category:People

Junichi Takayasu

ATF may refer to: Organizations American Type Founders, former dominant American manufacturer of metal type As Trustee For, a legal term for an entity acting as a trustee; see Trust law Asia Task Force, a committee of UK businesses, informing the UK response to globalisation Asian Tennis Federation, a continental body of national tennis associations of Asian countries Atlantic Theatre Festival, a professional theatre company located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, a federal law enforcement organization within the US Department of Justice Places French Southern and Antarctic Lands (ISO 3166 country code) Chachoan

ATF

Airport (IATA code), Ambato, Ecuador Science and technology Anatomical transfer function, the mathematical description of sound wave propagation through the human body Activating transcription factor, a class of DNA-binding proteins that regulate gene transcription Activating transcription factor 2, such a factor encoded by the ATF2 gene in humans Artificial transcription factor, a type of engineered protein used in gene modulation Automatic transmission fluid, the liquid medium used in hydraulic automatic transmission systems Automated Testing Framework, a software testing framework Automated Telescope Facility, a robotic telescope built by the University of Iowa Aviation turbine fuel, for jet aircraft Music After the

ATF

Fire, a 1970s and 1980s rock band Around the Fur, an album by American rock band Deftones "ATF", a song on the album Feeler by The Toadies "ATF", a rap song on the album It's Dark and Hell Is Hot by DMX Military Advanced Tactical Fighter, a program undertaken by the United States Air Force to develop a next-generation air superiority fighter ATF, the United States Navy hull classification symbol for a fleet ocean tug ATF Dingo, a German heavily armored military infantry mobility vehicle Other uses A.T.F., a 1999 television film produced for the American Broadcasting Company ATF (video

ATF

Turkmenistan is a country with large potential for an expanded tourism industry. Many of its Central Asian cities were main points of trade on the Silk Road, linking Eastern and Western civilizations. Many neighboring countries (including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Iran) promote their countries based on their location along the Great Silk Road. Tourism has grown rapidly in recent years. Tourists from abroad are deterred by the restrictive visa regime with all countries of the world. Tourism is regulated by the Tourism Committee of Turkmenistan. Historical sites There are three World Heritage Sites in Turkmenistan. Nisa (also Parthaunisa) was an ancient

Tourism in Turkmenistan

city, located near modern-day Bagir village, 18 km southwest of Ashgabat. Nisa is described by some as one of the first capitals of the Parthians. It is traditionally assumed to be founded by Arsaces I (reigned c. 250 BC–211 BC), and was reputedly the royal necropolis of the Parthian kings, although it has not been established that the fortress at Nisa was either a royal residence or a mausoleum. Merv formerly Achaemenid Satrapy of Margiana, and later Alexandria and Antiochia in Margiana, was a major oasis-city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, located near today's Mary. Several cities

Tourism in Turkmenistan

have existed on this site, which is significant for the interchange of culture and politics at a site of major strategic value. It is claimed that Merv was briefly the largest city in the world in the 12th century. Konye-Urgench is a municipality of about 30,000 inhabitants in north-eastern Turkmenistan, just south from its border with Uzbekistan. It is the site of the ancient town of Ürgenç, which contains the unexcavated ruins of the 12th-century capital of Khwarezm. Since 2005, the ruins of Old Urgench have been protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. (See List of World Heritage

Tourism in Turkmenistan

Sites in Turkmenistan) Resorts and nature tourism The warm Caspian Sea coast of Turkmenistan is the site for a number of popular sea resorts like Awaza. Wildlife areas in the desert and other attractions Desert fauna of Karakum includes many kinds of rare animals. There is a Karakum nature reserve at the flood-land drained by the Amu Darya. Near Derweze village in the middle of the Karakum Desert is a natural gas deposit. While drilling in 1971, Soviet geologists tapped into a cavern filled with natural gas. The ground beneath the drilling rig collapsed, creating the Darvaza gas crater, a

Tourism in Turkmenistan

large hole with a diameter of at . To avoid poisonous gas discharge, it was decided the best solution was to burn it off. Geologists had hoped the fire would use all the fuel in a matter of days, but the gas is still burning today. Locals have dubbed the cavern the "Door to Hell". Accessibility of the country Most trips to Turkmenistan begin with arrival at the capital Ashgabat or the seaside town Turkmenbashi. Ashgabat has a modern international airport, which is the base of Turkmenistan Airlines. The airport is served by S7 Airlines, Turkish Airlines, Flydubai, Belavia and

Tourism in Turkmenistan

China Southern Airlines. Another three airports in Turkmenistan (Turkmenabat, Mary and Turkmenbashi) have international status. Because of current restrictions, tickets for domestic flights cannot be booked or purchased more than 14 days prior to departure. Museums Most of the museums are located in the major cities of Turkmenistan such as Ashgabat, Turkmenabat, Balkanabat, Mary and Dazhoguz . Some of these include: Ashgabat National Museum of History Mary Museum The main museum of Turkmenistan Turkmen Carpet Museum Turkmen Museum of Fine Arts Tourists in 2007 In 2007 Turkmenistan was visited by 8,200 tourists. This number is low relative to local population.

Tourism in Turkmenistan

Thapa (; pronunciation:) is the surname commonly used by Nepali people belonging to the Chhetri caste of Khas group, an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group and Magar people, a Sino-Tibetan ethno-linguistic group. Etymology Thapa was a Paikelā (warrior) rank of the medieval Khasa kingdom. Other Paikelās include Khaḍgās, Rānās and Buḍhās. It is proved through many inscriptions in the present day region of Old Khas Kingdom. Yasu Thapa, Dasu Thapa and Raj Thapa were known warriors from the herostone pillars. One of the herostone inscription of Thapa warrior: The above inscription also proved that Thapa and Khadka (Khadga) were mere military ranks

Thapa

that was born by sons of same father in the country of Khas people. Khas Kshatri Thapa Khas Thapa are patrilineal groups descended from Khas people. They are popularly known as Thapa Kshetri or Thapa Kaji. This group was divided into many clans like Bagale Thapa, Godar, Deoja, Thakuryal, Punwar (Pawar), Su(n)yal, Khulal, Maharaji, Parajuli, Ghimire, Gagliya, Palami, Khapatari Lamichhane, Kalikote, Sonal, Bhandare, Achhami, Patkheti, Gaunle and others. Kshatriya Thapa dynasty were one of the four noble family to be involved in active politics of Nepal together with Shah dynasty, Basnyat/Basnets and Pandes before rise of Rana dynasty. and ruled

Thapa

between 1806 and 1837 and 1843 to 1845. Thapas played important role in Unification of Nepal and had held many prestigious post in the Malla Court and Bijayapur Court. This family grew prominent during the rule of King Prithvi Narayan Shah and were established as dominant faction during reign of King Rana Bahadur Shah. After the assassination of King Rana Bahadur Shah, Bhimsen Thapa rose to the event killing all his enemies and catapulting the Thapa family as most dominant faction in the Royal Court of Nepal. Thapa family were strengthened in the Royal court by including family members of

Thapa

the another Thapa Bharadar Amar Singh Thapa. Bada (Elder) Kaji Amar Singh Thapa was a legendary military commander and National Hero of Nepal. Thapas have important role in Anglo-Nepalese War where Colonial Power British India Company had major loss at First Campaign. Colonel Ujir Singh Thapa was sector commander at Jitgadh, Kaji Ranajor Singh Thapa at Jaithak, Sardar Bhakti Thapa at Deuthal, Colonel Ranabir Singh Thapa at Makawanpurgadhi and Bada Kaji (Elder Kaji) Amar Singh Thapa at Malaon. Bhimsen's nephew PM Mathabarsingh Thapa was known for his charisma from whom Jung Bahadur Rana rose to power. Thus, the state of

Thapa

administrative Thapa rule in Nepal is politically termed as Thapadom. Bagale Thapa Bagale Thapa (Nepali:बगाले थापा) is a prominent clan within Khas Thapa. Bagale Thapas were skillful at both warfare and administration. They claim Aatreya Gotra in the Gotra system of Hinduism. The genealogy traces the lineage of all Bagale Thapas to male progenitor (Mūlapuruṣa) King Kalu Thapa Kshatri, who first ascended to the throne at Kāndāmālikā on Saka Era 1111. The DDC of Myagdi district also confirms historical evidence of rule of Thapa dynasty of Takam State (1246-1545 B.S.) by founder Kalu Thapa, whose dynasty continued for 300 years

Thapa

only to be defeated by Dimba Bam Malla to form bigger Parbat State. Amar Singh Thapa, the war hero of Anglo-Nepalese war belongs to this clan. Similarly, Prime Minister Bhimsen Thapa, the most revered among Thapas also belongs to this clan. His nephew Mathabarsingh Thapa was the seventh Prime Minister of Nepal. Punwar/ Panwar Thapa Punwar Thapa () is another clan of Thapa Chhetri. Punwar/ Panwar, a variant of Parmara dynasty, is a Rajput honorific claimed by different groups. Punwar Thapas claim their ancestry from Rajasthan, India. Sardar Bhakti Thapa a war commander at Anglo-Nepalese war, belonged to the Punwar

Thapa

Thapa clan. Godar Thapa Godar Thapa is a clan within Chhetri Thapa of Khas origin. They claim Kashyap Gotra. Parajuli Thapa Parajuli Thapas were mentioned in the legend of Kunwar family. They were residents of the Dhuage Sanghu village in Kaski. They waged a war against the King of Kaski who wanted the daughter of a nobleman Ahirama Kunwar without legal marriage (as a concubine). Ahirama Kunwar denied the request of the King and Parajuli Thapas successfully protected and helped Ahirama Kunwar to escape to Gorkha Kingdom with his two other sons, one being the later Gorkhali warlord Ram Krishna

Thapa

Kunwar. Magar Thapa The original home of the Magar people was to the west of Gandaki river, and roughly speaking, consisted of that portion of Nepal which lies between and around about Gulmi, Argha, Khanchi, and Palpa. This bit of country was divided into twelve districts known as Barha Magarat (Confederation of Twelve Magar Kingdoms) which included Satung, Pyung, Bhirkot, Dhor, Garhung, Rising, Ghiring, Gulmi, Argha, Khanchi, Musikot, Isma. During the medieval period, the whole area from Palpa to Gorkha was called the Magarat as the area was inhabited by Magars. A second Confederation of Eighteen Magar Kingdoms known as

Thapa

Athara Magarat also existed which was primarily inhabited by Kham Magars. Later on, Nepal was divided into different principalities (22 and 24 rajyas: chaubisi in barha Magarat region, baisya ni athara Magarat region). Magars who were the kings and rulers in mid-western and western regions (12th and 18th magarat regions), their estates were eventually invaded by the Shah dynasty and annexed to a single Nepal. Thapa is one of the six tribes (clans) of the Magar community (one of the core fighting forces of Gorkhali soldiers). In former days, any Thapa (Magar) who had lost three generations of ancestors in

Thapa

battle became a Rana (Magar), but with the prefix of his Thapa clan. Thus, a Reshmi Thapa (Magar) would become a Reshmi Rana (Magar). To name a few—other Thapa Magar clans include Saru, Gaha, Bagalia, Darlami, and they are each further sub-divided into many sub-clans. Magars from aristocrat families, most commonly Rana and Thapa, were also referred to as Kaji. As per the survey of men who became Kaji in the years 1768-1814, at least 10 were Magars. Famous Thapa Magars include Arun Thapa, Lakhan Thapa Magar, Biraj Thapa Magar, Victoria Cross holders like Kulbir Thapa, Lalbahadur Thapa and Netrabahadur

Thapa

Thapa. Links with Indian Royals Thapas have marital links with Maratha Chhattari royals of Baroda State. Pyar Jung Thapa's daughter, Pragya Shree was married to former King of Baroda State Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad's grandson Pratapsinh Sangramsinh Gaekwad. Modern times Modern day Thapas are prominent in wide professions. Manjushree Thapa, an English language author is known for Forget Kathmandu: An Elegy for Democracy (2005), was shortlisted for the Lettre Ulysses Award in 2006. Gagan Thapa, a popular 40-year-old minister is in the Nepalese cabinet. Ujwal Thapa, the President of Bibeksheel Nepali is a leading youth activist and entrepreneur. Notable people

Thapa

Covina-Valley Unified School District or "CVUSD," is a unified school district located in Covina, California, United States. CVUSD serves most of the cities of Covina and Irwindale, as well as a large portion of West Covina and small portions of Glendora and San Dimas. On May 26, 2015, the Board of Education appointed a new Superintendent, Dr. Richard Sheehan, who had previously worked in the district as a teacher, coach and at the district level. Dr. Sheehan replaces Dr. Catherine Nichols, who retired after more than 25 years of service to students in the San Gabriel Valley. Covina-Valley Unified is

Covina-Valley Unified School District

proud of its schools. Schools There are 4 high schools (including one continuation), 3 middle schools, and 9 elementary schools in the district. High Schools Covina High School Fairvalley High School (continuation) Northview High School South Hills High School Middle Schools Las Palmas Intermediate School Sierra Vista Intermediate School Traweek Intermediate School Elementary Schools Barranca Elementary School Ben Lomond Elementary School Cypress Elementary School Grovecenter Elementary School Manzanita Elementary School Merwin Elementary School Mesa Elementary School Rowland Avenue Elementary School Workman Avenue Elementary School Enrollment Enrollment in the 2006-2007 school year was 15,015. The majority of students are Hispanic with

Covina-Valley Unified School District

Anatoli Nikolayevich Lyz (; born February 27, 1943) is a Russian professional football coach. Career Born in the Apanasenkovsky District of Stavropol Krai, Lyz played football while studying at university with SKIF Nikolay Nikolayevsk, but was never promoted to the senior side. After he graduated, he began a career as a manager, starting out at DSO Urozhay. He would spend most of his managerial career working in various capacities for clubs and academies in the Kuban region. Lyz became manager of a new amateur football club, FC Venets Gulkevichi, in 1989, and ultimately led the club through promotion to the

Anatoli Lyz

MV UMM Salal is a container ship that was built in 2011 by Samsung Heavy Industries in their shipyard in Geoje, South Korea. The vessel is among the largest container ships in the world with capacity to carry 13,296 TEU or 9,600 FEU with 1,000 reefer points. The boxship has eight sister ships, operating in the fleet of UASC. Design and engineering The mega container ship UMM Salal has an overall length of , beam of and draft of . The deadweight of the boxship is and the gross tonnage is . With such tonnage and dimensions, the vessel has

Umm Salal (ship)

capacity to carry 13,296 TEU or 9,600 FEU. Engineering The main engine of the Salal is the MAN B&W 12K98ME-7, a long-stroke and low-revolution engine that has total output power of 71,760 kW. Operational service The Salal is deployed in Asia/Gulf Express 1 (AGX1) service of UASC. The service connects North, Central & South China, East Asia and South East Asia to the Persian Gulf and vice versa. Accidents On 7 April 2017, the Salal ran aground in the Strait of Malacca shortly after leaving Port Klang, Malaysia. The vessel stuck at the separation scheme at heavy traffic route. See

Umm Salal (ship)

Vinko Bogataj (Slovenian: ; born 1948) is a Slovenian former ski jumper. Footage of him crashing featured on ABC's Wide World of Sports represented the Agony of Defeat. Agony of Defeat jump Bogataj competed as a Yugoslav entrant at the ski flying event in Oberstdorf, West Germany on 7 March 1970. A light snow had begun falling at the start of the competition, and by the time Bogataj was ready for his third jump on the Heini Klopfer hill, the snow had become quite heavy. Midway down the inrun for his jump, Bogataj realised that the conditions had made the

Vinko Bogataj

ramp too fast. He attempted to lower his center of gravity and stop his jump, but instead lost his balance completely and rocketed out of control off the end of the inrun, tumbling and flipping wildly, and crashing through a light retaining fence near a crowd of spectators before coming to a halt. Bogataj suffered a mild concussion and a broken ankle. A film crew from Wide World of Sports was recording the event in which Bogataj crashed. The show featured an opening narration by host Jim McKay over a montage of sports clips, and co-ordinating producer Dennis Lewin inserted

Vinko Bogataj

the footage of the crash to coincide with the words "...and the agony of defeat." Throughout the show's long history, various images were used for the other parts of the narration, including for "the thrill of victory...", which directly preceded the above phrase and was often accompanied by images of the celebrating team at the most recent Super Bowl or World Cup, but after that point, the "agony of defeat" was always illustrated by Bogataj's failed jump. Later on, other clips were added to the "agony of defeat", but Bogataj's crash was always featured and always the first played. The

Vinko Bogataj

melodrama of the narration—which became a catchphrase in the US—transformed the uncredited ski jumper into an American icon of bad luck and misfortune. Meanwhile, having retired to his quiet, private life in Slovenia, Bogataj was unaware of his celebrity, and so was surprised to be asked to attend the 20th anniversary celebration for Wide World of Sports in 1981. He received the loudest ovation of any athlete introduced at the gala, and attendees such as Muhammad Ali asked him for his autograph. Later life Bogataj returned to ski jumping in 1971 but never duplicated the success he had before the

Vinko Bogataj

crash and retired from the sport competitively, save for occasional senior competitions thereafter. During his career, his best career finish was 57th in the individual normal hill competition in Bischofshofen in 1969 during that year's Four Hills Tournament. Bogataj became a ski instructor, coaching the 1991 World Champion Slovenian ski jumper Franci Petek. He supplements his income by painting and has also worked as a forklift operator at a factory, Veriga Lesce. His paintings have won awards and been exhibited in both Europe and the U.S. He also enjoys wood carving. Bogataj resides in his hometown of Lesce, Slovenia. He

Vinko Bogataj

Lexington is the county seat of Davidson County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 18,931. It is located in central North Carolina, south of Winston-Salem. Major highways include I-85, I-85B, U.S. Route 29, U.S. Route 70, U.S. Route 52 (soon to be I-285) and U.S. Route 64. Lexington is part of the Piedmont Triad region of the state. Lexington, Thomasville, and the rural areas surrounding them are slowly developing as residential bedroom communities for nearby cities such as Winston-Salem, Greensboro, High Point and, to a lesser extent, Charlotte and its northeastern

Lexington, North Carolina

suburbs. History The Lexington area was at least sparsely settled by Europeans in 1775. The settlers named their community in honor of Lexington, Massachusetts, the site of the first skirmish of the American Revolutionary War. Lexington was incorporated as a city in 1828. Silver Hill Mine, located a few miles south of Lexington, opened in 1838, and was the first operating silver mine in the country. The oldest surviving house in Lexington is The Homestead, built by Dr. William Rainey Holt (1798–1868), a physician born in what is today Alamance County. The Homestead has windows, sidelights and other Palladian details

Lexington, North Carolina

characteristic of the pattern books of architect Asher Benjamin. In addition to The Homestead, the Erlanger Mill Village Historic District, First Reformed Church, Grace Episcopal Church, Grimes Brothers Mill, Grimes School, Hedrick's Grove Reformed Church, Junior Order United American Mechanics National Orphans Home, Lexington Memorial Hospital, Lexington Residential Historic District, Old Davidson County Courthouse, Pilgrim Reformed Church Cemetery, Henry Shoaf Farm, Uptown Lexington Historic District, and John Henry Welborn House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Business and industry In the twentieth century until the late 1990s, Lexington's economy was mainly based on textile and furniture manufacturing.

Lexington, North Carolina

Since then, most local manufacturers have moved their production facilities to Asia and Mexico as a way to reduce costs and remain competitive in a global market. This caused the closure of most textile and furniture factories and contributed to economic difficulties for a community that was heavily dependent on these two industries for employment. The Lexington industrial portfolio has since diversified. Other large employers include: Diebold Halyard Health Jeld-Wen Lolly Wolly Doodle PPG Industries Vitacost Culture Barbecue Lexington calls itself the "Barbecue Capital of the World". Since 1984, the city has hosted the Lexington Barbecue Festival, one of the

Lexington, North Carolina

largest street festivals in North Carolina. As of 2003, the city has over twenty barbecue restaurants, an average of more than one per thousand residents. In 2012, US News and World Report ranked Lexington #4 on its list of the best cities for barbecue. Lexington-style barbecue is made with pork shoulder cooked slowly over a hardwood fire, usually hickory. It is basted in a sauce (called "dip" locally) made with vinegar, ketchup, water, salt, pepper and other spices. The ingredients vary from restaurant to restaurant, with each restaurant's recipe being a closely guarded secret. While each is vinegar-based, the taste

Lexington, North Carolina

varies widely from tangy to slightly sweet or spicy. The most distinguishing feature of the "Lexington Barbecue Sandwich" is the inclusion of red slaw (sometimes called "barbecue slaw"). Red slaw is a combination of cabbage, vinegar, ketchup and crushed/ground black pepper; it is distinguishable from coleslaw because it contains no mayonnaise. Many Lexingtonians (and visitors) consider red slaw a staple for a quality barbecue experience. Red slaw is commonly served as a side dish with barbecue, grilled poultry and other meats, and on hot dogs as a relish. Pigs in the City "Pigs in the City" is a public art

Lexington, North Carolina

initiative coordinated by Uptown Lexington, Inc., a non-profit organization created to revitalize the downtown (locally called "uptown") area of Lexington. People pay commissions to artists to decorate life-sized sculptures of pigs, which was installed throughout the city. Pigs in the City began in 2003, and the event drew more than 40,000 visitors from all over the state in its first year. The cost to "sponsor" one of the 20 pigs on display was $1,000 during the first exhibition, which paid for the initiative. The event ran from 2003–2005, and 2008–2009. In 2019, it was announced that Pigs in the City

Lexington, North Carolina

will return in 2020. High Rock Lake The second largest lake in North Carolina, High Rock Lake is located a few miles south of Lexington. Its water surface covers , and it has of shoreline. It begins at the confluence of the Yadkin and South Yadkin rivers. High Rock Lake has long been considered one of the best fishing lakes of North Carolina. It is the site of the Bassmaster Tournaments, including the Bassmaster Classic in 1994, 1995, 1997 and 2007 and frequently is used for other angling competitions. The lake is stocked with channel, blue, and flathead catfish, plus

Lexington, North Carolina

crappie and several different sunfish, such as bluegill, shellcracker and others. Striper and their hybrids, as well as white bass, are also abundant. The lake is best known for its quantity and quality of largemouth bass, which attract anglers from all over the United States. This is likely due to the relatively shallow nature of the lake and the favorable habitat for the bass. Geography Lexington is located in the Piedmont Triad region. It is centered at 35°49'0" North, 80°15'31" West (35.816768, −80.258643). Lexington is northeast of High Rock Lake, part of the Yadkin-Pee Dee chain of lakes in central

Lexington, North Carolina

North Carolina. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. Interstate 85 Business passes north and west of the center of Lexington, and Interstate 85 passes to the south. The highways merge at the southwest end of the city. Additionally, four U.S. highways, U.S. Route 29, 64, 52, and 70, and state highways 8 and 47 intersect in the city. Climate Thunderstorms are common during the spring and summer months, including some severe storms. Located in central North Carolina, between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mid-Atlantic coast, Lexington has

Lexington, North Carolina

a humid subtropical climate, with moderate temperatures during spring and autumn and warm to hot summers. Winters are relatively mild and wet with highs typically in the 40s to 50s and overnight lows averaging just below freezing. Demographics As of the census of 2010, there are 18,931 people in the city, organized into 7,376 households. This represents a population reduction of 1022 persons, or 5%, when compared to the 2000 census. The median age is 37.4 years for all persons (39.4 for females, 35.2 for males). Of the total population, 15.1% are at least 65 years old, 24.6% are under

Lexington, North Carolina

the age of 18, with the remaining 60.3% of the population being persons from 18 to 64. Males comprise 48.1% and females make up 51.9% of the total population. Caucasians make up 54.7% of the total population (including 16.3% who are Latino), African-Americans 28.4% and Asians represent 2.9% of the population. Fully 10.7% of the population identifies themselves as some other race, while 2.6% are of two or more races. Other races each represent less than 1% each of the total population. Of the total 7,376 households, 4,581 are considered family households, including 2067 that have children under 18. The

Lexington, North Carolina

average household size is 2.44 persons, and the average family size is 3.08 persons. There are 8,938 total housing units, of which the 7376 are households, for an occupancy rate of 82.5%. 47.6% of these households are owner-occupied, while 52.4% are renters. According to the 2000 census, The median income for a household in the city is $26,226, and the median income for a family is $32,339. Males have a median income of $25,555 versus $20,939 for females. The per capita income for the city is $15,310. 21.2% of the population and 16.7% of families are below the poverty line.

Lexington, North Carolina

Out of the total population, 31.7% of those under the age of 18 and 18.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. The global outsourcing of textile and furniture manufacturing has negatively impacted Lexington's economy. Notable people Josh Bush, former free safety for the Denver Broncos and New York Jets. Was on the Denver Broncos Super Bowl 50 championship team. Mike Dillon, former NASCAR Busch Series race car driver; spotter for RCR driver Clint Bowyer Richard Benjamin Harrison, star of the reality television series Pawn Stars Rick Harrison, star of the reality television series Pawn Stars

Lexington, North Carolina

Deems May, former NFL tight end for the San Diego Chargers and the Seattle Seahawks Joe McIntosh, NFL player Terry McMillan, musician Robert Sink, lieutenant general for the United States Army; commanded the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment during World War II, which was made famous by the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers Caskey Swaim, actor, starred in the television series, Project U.F.O. Johnny Temple, six-time All-Star and former MLB second baseman for the Cincinnati Reds, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, and Houston Colt .45s Rick Terry, NFL defensive tackle for the New York Jets and Carolina Panthers Bob Timberlake, realist artist

Lexington, North Carolina

St John the Divine, Kennington, is an Anglican church in London. The parish of Kennington is within the Anglican Diocese of Southwark. The church was designed by the architect George Edmund Street (who also built the Royal Courts of Justice on Strand, London) in the Decorated Gothic style, and was built between 1871 and 1874. Today it is a grade I listed building. The church stands on Vassall Road, Kennington, in Vassall Ward in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is near Oval tube station and the Oval Cricket Ground. The spire can be seen clearly for miles around. Architecture

St John the Divine, Kennington

The church is regarded as a fine example of Victorian Gothic. The general construction is of red brick, but all parapets, window openings, doorways, etc. are dressed with stone. The upper part of the spire is entirely of stone. At over 260 feet, it is the tallest spire in south London and can be seen for miles around. The poet John Betjeman remarked that St John the Divine was "the most magnificent church in South London." The original church interior was designed by George Frederick Bodley (Founder of Watts & Co. ), and was fitted out in a highly ornate

St John the Divine, Kennington

style typical of the Victorian era and of Anglo-Catholic churches, including stone carvings by Thomas Earp, wrought iron altar rails, stained glass windows, and a carved reredos painted by Clayton and Bell. A new organ by J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd was installed in 1875. The church suffered severe bomb damage in 1941 during the Blitz, and most of the original interior fittings were lost. After years of restoration work under the direction of H. S. Goodhart-Rendel, St John the Divine re-opened in September 1958. The tower and gargoyles The spire and tower were extensively restored in 1994, and

St John the Divine, Kennington

a new set of carved grotesques and gargoyles was added. Many of the carvings are in the form of caricature representations of members of the church congregation, the British Royal Family or the clergy. The Queen, Prince Charles, Prince William and Archbishop Michael Ramsey are among the better-known figures depicted. Stained glass Much of the original stained glass was destroyed in the 1941 bombing, and it has been replaced with plain glass windows in the north and south aisles. Some original stained glass designed by Charles Eamer Kempe has survived, including the west window and two windows in the south

St John the Divine, Kennington

aisle. The windows at the east end are also original. During restoration, new windows designed and crafted by W. T. Carter Shapland were installed in the All Souls Chapel. Murals Behind the altar is a set of murals painted by Brian Thomas in 1966. The left-hand panel depicts the Virgin Mary and Jesus in a floral garden. A central panel is decorated with lilies and roses – traditional Marian symbols. The right-hand panel is a pietà, with Mary holding the body of the crucified Christ, and instead of a floral border it is framed with thorns, representing the Crown of

St John the Divine, Kennington

Thorns. The Korean Icon Above the North door hangs the 'Korean Icon'. Designed in the style of a Greek Orthodox iconostasis, it depicts various figures from the Christian Gospels. It was dedicated as a memorial to Bishop Charles John Corfe, who founded the Anglican Church of Korea in 1890. The Kelham Rood On the south side of the nave stands the Kelham Rood, a life-size bronze sculpture of Christ on the Cross together with free-standing figures of St John and the Virgin Mary. It is the work of sculptor Charles Sargeant Jagger (1885–1934), who also designed the Royal Artillery Memorial

St John the Divine, Kennington

in London's Hyde Park Corner, and was completed in 1929. The sculpture was originally commissioned by the Society of the Sacred Mission (SSM) for the Great Chapel at Kelham Hall in Nottinghamshire. The sculpture then stood in the SSM Priory in Willen near Milton Keynes, before being moved to St John the Divine. The original plan to suspend the sculpture above the high altar was not put into effect. It has, instead, been placed at floor level in full and close view of the congregation (see pictures below). Worship Since its foundation in 1871, St John the Divine has been

St John the Divine, Kennington

affiliated with the Anglican High Church. The second vicar, Rev. Charles Edward Brooke, was associated with the Oxford Movement and its work in poorer parishes. At this time, ritualistic practices in the Church of England were being limited by the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874. The Sisterhood of St. John the Divine, an Anglican religious order, is indirectly named after this church, for its foundress, Hannah Grier Coome found spiritual comfort in the parish during her residence in Britain. The High Church traditions continue today, and services in this church are generally in the Anglo-Catholic style, with an emphasis on

St John the Divine, Kennington

sacraments, liturgy and ceremony. On Sundays and holy days, clergy wear decorated robes, a choir sings the Mass, and incense is used. Through the week, Mass is said daily. The liturgy is usually based on the Common Worship prayer book (2000). The High Anglican style of worship is reflected in the design and decoration of the church, with the presence of devotional statues, icons, sanctuary lamps and the Reserved sacrament. Notable clergy Cyril Easthaugh, curate and vicar; later Bishop of Kensington and of Peterborough John Hall, curate; later Dean of Westminster See also List of churches and cathedrals of London

St John the Divine, Kennington

New Paris is a borough in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 186 at the 2010 census. History This borough was first settled in 1846 by William Blackburn and was named in 1851. New Paris was officially incorporated as a borough on September 7, 1882. Geography New Paris is located in western Bedford County at (40.107564, -78.644470), northwest of Bedford, north of Schellsburg and east-northeast of Somerset. It lies on the west side of Chestnut Ridge. Pennsylvania Route 96 (Cortland Road) runs through the town, leading south to Schellsburg and U.S. Route 30, and north to Pleasantville and

New Paris, Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Route 56. According to the United States Census Bureau, New Paris has a total area of , all of it land. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 214 people, 79 households, and 62 families residing in the borough. The population density was 4,158.3 people per square mile (1,652.5/km²). There were 84 housing units at an average density of 1,632.2 per square mile (648.7/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 99.53% White and 0.47% Asian. There were 79 households, out of which 40.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married

New Paris, Pennsylvania

couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 19.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.11. In the borough the population was spread out, with 32.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every

New Paris, Pennsylvania

100 females there were 86.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 70.6 males. The median income for a household in the borough was $34,792, and the median income for a family was $34,375. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $21,042 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $13,279. About 11.5% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen and 17.4% of those sixty five or over. Education The Chestnut Ridge School District. Media The town has one

New Paris, Pennsylvania

Edward Nicholas Cole (September 17, 1909 – May 2, 1977) was an American automotive executive for General Motors. Career Cole was the son of a dairy farmer. In his youth, he designed, built, and sold homemade radio sets, and as a teenager became a field representative for a tractor manufacturer. He wanted to be a lawyer, but landed a part-time job in an auto parts store while attending Grand Rapids Community College. He then enrolled in General Motors Institute, where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Epsilon (now Pi Kappa Alpha) Fraternity. Soon after Cole married his hometown

Ed Cole

sweetheart, Esther Engman. He worked in engineering, rising to co-head a team (with Harry Barr) that developed the 1949 Cadillac V8. He was briefly assigned to run a GM plant in Cleveland, Ohio, when Chevrolet general manager Tom Keating requested his assignment as chief engineer. He became chief engineer of the Chevrolet Division in 1952. His most important task was to develop a new engine for Chevy's lineup to replace the Stovebolt Six; that new engine was Chevrolet's small-block V8, a massive success that remained in production for decades. He collaborated with Zora Arkus-Duntov to revitalize the weak-performing early Corvettes,

Ed Cole

and he also introduced engineering and design advancements in the Chevrolet car and truck lines between 1955 and 1962. Cole was promoted to general manager of Chevrolet in 1956. During these years, Chevy was a perennial sales leader, but with only larger cars in the lineup. As general manager of Chevrolet, he directed the development of the Corvair intended to pursue the compact car market. The strong early sales of the new car with its radical design with rear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout, put Cole on the cover of Time magazine October 5, 1959 issue. Cole was promoted to head the

Ed Cole

GM car and truck group in 1961, then to executive vice-president in 1965, and to president in 1967. Cole was chief engineer of the Chevrolet Vega and directed the GM design staff in developing their first subcompact, four passenger vehicle. Cole's persistence in getting his advanced engineering projects to the production line resulted in the innovative aluminum engines in both the Corvair and Vega. He "would preside over Vega's troubled launch, which was intertwined with a disastrous 1970 confrontation between GM and the United Auto Workers." Ironically, Cole's greatest engineering triumph came the same year. Cole ordered engine compression ratios

Ed Cole

reduced after 1970 knowing regulations would tighten. Cole oversaw the transition away from leaded gasoline and prepared GM for catalytic converters in 1975. Cole retired from GM in 1974. He then became chairman and CEO of Checker Motors Corporation and Chairman of International Husky, an air-freight company. In 1977, the Rifle River Scout Canoe Base was renamed the Edward N. Cole Canoe Base to reflect the dedication of Edward N. Cole to Scouting in the Detroit Area. He died at age 67 in a crash during a storm. He was piloting his private twin-engine Beagle B.206 Series 2 plane near

Ed Cole

Kalamazoo, Michigan, about south of where he was born. Cole became a member of Michigan Gamma Chapter of the Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society in 1952. In 1998, Cole was posthumously inducted into the Corvette Hall of Fame. His son, David E. Cole, is Chairman Emeritus of the Center for Automotive Research (CAR) in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He was inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 1977. References Category:1909 births Category:1977 deaths Category:American automotive engineers Category:Kettering University alumni Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the United States Category:Accidental deaths in Michigan Category:General Motors former executives Category:Automotive pioneers

Ed Cole

Östersund (; ) is an urban area (city) in Jämtland in the middle of Sweden. It is the seat of Östersund Municipality and the capital of Jämtland County. Östersund is located at the shores of Sweden's fifth largest lake, Storsjön, opposite the island Frösön, and is the only city in Jämtland. Östersund is the region's cultural and economical centre and by tradition a city of trade and commerce. Östersund had one of the most extensive garrisons in Sweden prior to its closure in the early-21st century. The city is the Mid Sweden University's largest campus site with approximately 7,000 students.

Östersund

With a total population of 50,960 (2017) Östersund is the 22nd most populous city in Sweden, the 46th most populous city in Scandinavia, and by far the largest inland city in Northern Sweden. The city was the only Swedish city founded and chartered in the 18th century. Östersund was founded in order to create a trade monopoly over Jämtland whose inhabitants' lucrative trade annoyed the Swedish crown. The intention was to persuade the local farmers to deliver merchandise to middlemen in Östersund, but the population opposed this economic philosophy, and Östersund long remained small. It took until the end of

Östersund

the 19th century for Östersund to truly become a city, after the arrival of the railroad and the economic liberalization of that time. Östersund is situated in inland Scandinavia and connected to Sundsvall in the east on the Swedish coast, and Trondheim in the west at the shores of the Norwegian sea. Östersund is located in the middle of Scandinavia, in the middle of Sweden, in the middle of Jämtland County and in the middle of Östersund Municipality. As the most centrally located city in Sweden, the city credits itself as the centre of Sweden. Östersund is marketed as Vinterstaden

Östersund

– Winter City. Winter City as a project is run by the Municipality together with city enterprises. Östersund has had a long history as a centre of outdoor activities with a modern cross-country ski stadium and an actual piste in the city itself. Östersund has also hosted several World Championships in various sports such as biathlon, speed skating and ski orienteering along with Swedish National Championships in cross country skiing and snocross. The city has been the applicant city of Sweden for several Winter Olympic Games, but has yet to host one. The precursor to the Winter Olympic Games, the

Östersund

Nordic Games, were however held at several occasions in the city, due to lack of snow in Stockholm. Geography Östersund is the only city in the province and it is located on the shore of the fifth largest lake in Sweden, Storsjön. The area surrounding this lake is commonly referred to as Storsjöbygden and this area has been described as the World's northern-most located genuine agricultural society in the inland with continental climate. The city sprawls along the eastern slopes of lake Storsjön and most of the city and the city core itself is located on the mainland, facing the

Östersund

non mainland part of the city, the island of Frösön, which for a very long time was the actual centre of Jämtland. Today, a sizeable part of the city's population live on the slopes of the island that face the city centre. Östersund is a bimunicipal town because a minor part of it with roughly 400 inhabitants is actually situated in Krokom Municipality. The city spans across Östersundet and the city was named after this strait. Östersund can be directly translated from Swedish to English as "East Sound". The name of the strait derives from an older Jamtish name now

Östersund

present in the form Åstersånn. Climate Östersund has a subarctic climate (Köppen: Dfc) and is located in the far north of the north temperate climate zone. The cold Arctic winds that occasionally find their way to the city are called nordvästan (the north-westerner) or kallvästan (the cold-westerner) locally. However the winter climate is much warmer than most locations at similar latitudes. This is due to the gulf stream and the many passages in the mountain range, bringing warmer Atlantic winds to the city during winters. This somewhat maritime character also makes the summers in the city rather cool, in comparison

Östersund

to other towns in inland Scandinavia, which all have a more continental climate with cold winters and warm summers. It contains a strong influence of the humid continental climate courtesy of its mild September lows extending the mild mean temperatures. Though Östersund is in fact affected by the gulf stream it lacks the high frequency of rain following the currents. This is due to the Scandinavian Mountain Range acting as a natural barrier, receiving most of the precipitation, giving Östersund and the surrounding area a rain deficit. Another issue that has to be taken into account is the higher elevation

Östersund

of Östersund compared to the weather stations in Ångermanland farther east. For example, Sollefteå at a similar latitude to the east but at sea level, albeit inland, has almost three degrees warmer July days. Östersund has a high exposition of sunlight and was the most sunny city in Sweden in the summer of 2007 (1 July to 9 August) with 654 hours of sun. However, in comparison to east coast locations, sunshine is relatively low. Cityscape Östersund was laid out with roads spanning from north to south countered by several alleys from east to west, which is why an alley

Östersund

in Östersund is synonymous with a road leading down towards Storsjön. From the inner city one may gaze upon Storsjön, Frösön and the Jamtish fell region with snow-clad mountains. This was made possible due to the topography and the grid plan. The regularity in Östersund's road system and the slanting alleys leading from higher altitudes down towards Storsjön have created the "windows to the west" characteristic and unique to Östersund as a city. The alleys, often seen as rather steep, have created the illusion that the houses in the city core are climbing to higher grounds. These houses were conformed

Östersund

upon their construction to fit with the slopes. The first city plan of Östersund was made with several large segments in the core being reserved as green areas. Östersund was thus planned as a green city and special lots, e.g. kryddgårdstomter "spice garden lots" were created along with construction lots. These lots shifted with a construction lot alternating with a spice garden lot. The garden lots are no longer existent since they too have been constructed upon. Many of the fences that separated each lot from another with trees and verdure were left intact. The large green areas are still

Östersund

present, with parks such as Kyrkparken, Österängsparken and Badhusparken being the most prominent. Badhusparken was once the location of a large bath house (hence the name Badhus-) though it was torn down in 1881 when the railway was constructed. A new larger two-storey pompous bath house was later built on poles a few metres from the shore, enabling the population to bathe in the waters of Storsjön during summers. This house was also torn down, when a new bath house with heated water was founded in 1938. When Östersund started to grow as a city in the late 19th century

Östersund

the houses consisted predominantly of wood, though stone had become popular in the central parts. These houses were heavily characterized by Neo-Gothicism and Neo-Renaissance. A very common feature of these houses were towers, some even resembling those on old castles like the one on Hotell Grand at the main square. In the early 20th century a new age had come and in the main road, Prästgatan, the new age came fiercely. The wooden houses were replaced by stone buildings, because a city's well being was measured in how many stone buildings it had. At the same time military barracks were

Östersund

constructed in connection to the older settlement. Jugendstil became popular too as an addition to the National Romantic style architecture. In the 1930s, the functionalistic style made itself apparent in Östersund's outskirts, which were growing. In the 1940s, the city was made more car-friendly and the city was first and foremost planned for cars. Later the sanitarian issues was brought up, which resulted in the construction of a sewage treatment works and the waste water was no longer flushed directly into Storsjön. Östersund was also affected by the Million Programme, though to a lesser extent than other cities. During the

Östersund

same period older buildings such as Hotell Grand (to make room for Storsjöteatern), Cellfängelset (a jail located at the beginning of Prästgatan), Flickskolan (the girl school next to the city hall, where the current county library is located) and Västra stationen (at Badhusparken) were torn down. The local media described it all as e.g. "demolishing madness". When the Good Templar house was threatened in order to widen Rådhusgatan the city's inhabitants had had enough and the building was saved. The buildings along Storgatan (literally: "the large street") with entire segments intact since the 1880s are considered one of the best

Östersund

preserved city settlements in Sweden. The wooden façades are rich with details and the house are relatively low, short and slim. A great amount of work was put down on creating a balance between details and entirety. Parallel with Storgatan lies Prästgatan – "the priest street", Östersund's main shopping street. The buildings between the two streets are often connected and the streets create small rooms mostly inaccessible for keen winds. These so-called rooms also stimulate the social life on the streets. Stortorget – the main town square in central Östersund is one of six "closed squares" built in Sweden, the

Östersund

others being the ones in Uppsala, Karlstad, Vimmerby, Piteå and Haparanda. It was created through indentation in four different blocks to deliberately create an open air room with openings to every direction, a style deriving from how cities were planned during the Renaissance. However the town square lost its original shape when it was "opened up" and expanded towards the lake. Stortorget has long been the city's main market place and core, it is also here that the thousand year old market Gregorie market is held each year in March. The city festival Storsjöyran has Stortorget as its main centre.

Östersund

Districts and housing estates Before Östersund was established the population in the area was very scarce. In Odensala and Torvalla older settlements existed, the name Odensala can be derived from the Viking age and the Halls of Odin (though Torvalla means "dry wealds" with no reference to Thor). These two villages were later incorporated into Östersund and are today two major urban districts. Besides them the urban districts of Odenskog, Odensvik, Odenslund, Karlslund, Erikslund, Lugnvik, Lillänge and Söder along with the new district Stadsdel Norr are found on the mainland. On Frösön, recently included into the city are the three

Östersund

urban districts Hornsberg, Mjälle and Valla. The central parts of Östersund are a part of the urban district Staden – "the city", which has become synonymous with Östersund for many people living in the nearby villages and towns. As Östersund is the only city in the area and nearest city for many it is common to call it Stan, though the dative form Staa has increasingly grown unusual. The residents of Östersunds are referred to as östersundare, though local ruralists call them stassbon "towners", and stassbo "towner", in singular. Landmarks The most well known landmark of Östersund is the national

Östersund

romantic Östersund City Hall (Östersunds rådhus). It is 51 meters tall and contains 136 rooms. It is the greatest constructional symbol of the National Romantic architecture in Östersund. The city hall looks almost like a fortress and affiliates especially to the local art of Jämtland. The bell tower is of typical Jamtish design shaped like an onion, the local sculpture Olof Ahlberg (1876-1956) made most of the sculpture details and the ornaments are made from Jamtish limestone. Östersund City Hall was designed by Frans Bertil Wallberg (1862-1935) and was seen by contemporary colleagues as the best of modern Swedish architecture.

Östersund

The main part of the building is accentuated by a grand tower and a monumental stairway. It is accompanied by only one wing, the north wing, as the second, south wing, was torn down in the 1970s. A recently built landmark is Arctura, named after Jämtland's provincial star Arcturus, a large hot water accumulator tank. Due to its appearance it is referred to as Termosen (Thermos). At night the 65 meter building is illuminated with various lights like sunrise and the Aurora Borealis. History Lake Storsjön's shores have long been inhabited. Though the area where Östersund is situated was for

Östersund

a very long time Frösön's link to the east mainland. Frösön, the island of the Norse god Freyr, was originally the centre of the region and it was here the only inland Scandinavian hill fort, Mjälleborgen, was built around 300 AD. The ancient Scandinavian thing Jamtamót was held on this island, the christening of Jämtland begun here and it was here the World's northern-most raised runestone, Frösö Runestone, was risen. Plans regarding the foundation of a Swedish city or köping (market town, "Chipping") in Jämtland existed among governmental officials already after the previously Norwegian province was ceded from Denmark-Norway in

Östersund

1645. Queen Christina demanded the establishment of a sconce on Andersön shortly after the province became Swedish, this sconce would together with Frösö sconce secure the Swedish control over Jämtland. Christina's intention was to locate the "Jamts' city" within this fortification. In order to construct the sconce the local inhabitants were coerced into forced labour 1651 but after protests and lack of capital the project was ended in 1654. In 1758, the plans were brought back up through an initiative from the chief financial officer Pehr Schissler and the proposition did however initiate a new debate whether or not a

Östersund

city was to be established in Jämtland, in order to counteract the trading and faring traditions of Jämtland's farmers. Several other attempts at constraition had previously been taken, and deemed unsatisfactory. Östersund was founded and given its charter by Monarch Gustav III of Sweden on 23 October 1786, shortly after the outskirt of the Odensala farmers' lands were bought for the purpose. Several other places had been suggested, like Huså the then-largest settlement in Jämtland along with Krokom, Sunne and Ede outside of Brunflo. Frösön was also a candidate but the lot fell on Östersund, as it was deemed most

Östersund

favourable. The only thing actually located in the area at the time was the main road and the bridge to Frösön. Östersund was upon foundation freed from taxes during a 20-year timespan and completely liberated from trade regulations and guild order. In other remote locations of the Nordic region, similar cities were founded, like Reykjavík in Iceland the very same year, Tromsø (1794) in Northern Norway and Tampere (1775) and Kuopio (1782) in the Finnish inland. Östersund is however the only city in present-day Sweden to have been founded in the 18th century. The city developed poorly and had to

Östersund

struggle in its infancy. The State tried to pursue the Jamtish traders on Frösön to migrate to the new city but they had no intentions of leaving such a rich parish with fertile soils Frösön consisted of in favour of the swamp and marches across the strait. During its first 50 years the city's population only grew (on average) with eight people per year. The city did become the capital of the newly founded county consisting of the provinces Jämtland and Härjedalen in 1810, meaning that a county residence was built and a county administrative board was located to the

Östersund

city. Though Östersund remained as a de facto village with less than 400 inhabitants in 1820. An upswing occurred in the 1850s, as trade was liberalized and the logging industry developed. It took until the construction of the railroad in 1879 before Östersund became a real city and actually gained the status as Jämtland's centre, at Frösön's expense. Thanks to the "farmer chieftain" Nils Larson i Tullus the railroad came to pass through the city itself instead of outside it, as planned. The railway from coast to coast across the then union between Sweden and Norway was finished in 1882,

Östersund

connecting Östersund closer to Trondheim and Sundsvall. Östersund then came to grow faster than any other Swedish city. After ten years it had passed 20 Swedish cities in population. The city attracted immigrants, a slight majority from the Jamtish countryside, though still with a high number of settlers from southern Sweden. While Östersund was in its most intense state of growth popular movements emerged among the inhabitants. In Jämtland and Härjedalen the Good Templar movement (a part of the temperance movement) came to dominate completely. In 1883, 700 of the city's total population of 3,000 were organized Good Templars. The

Östersund