Implementing Strapi v4 Authentication with Remix
Tags: strapi, remix, javascript, authentication
Published: 2022-08-17 09:06:00

_In this article, we'll create a Remix application with authentication and authorization using Strapi._

**Author: Miracle Onyenma**

Authentication is an integral part of any application with users, but setting up a complete authentication and authorization workflow from scratch could be incredibly time-consuming and unproductive except for some unique cases. 

With Strapi, we have access to [multiple authentication providers like Google, Twitter](https://docs.strapi.io/developer-docs/latest/plugins/users-permissions.html#setting-up-the-provider-examples), etc., enabling us to set up authenticated requests to our Headless CMS API to fetch data easily and perform actions only available to authenticated and authorized users. With Strapi authentication, we can quickly set up a robust authentication system for our application and focus on building.

Let's look at how we can set up a simple Remix application and implement user authorization and authentication with Strapi.

## A Brief introduction to Headless CMS

A Content Management System (CMS) is a software or service that helps you create and manage content for your website and applications.  

For a traditional CMS, the front-end of the website or application gets built into the CMS. The only customizations available are pre-made themes and custom code. WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal are good examples of a traditional CMS that merges the website front-end with the back-end.

Unlike a traditional CMS, a headless CMS gives you the freedom to build out your client or front-end, connecting it to the CMS via APIs. Also, with a headless CMS, the application frontend can be built using any technology, allowing multiple clients to connect and pull data from one CMS.

### What is Strapi?
Strapi is leading JavaScript open-source headless CMS. Strapi makes it very easy to build custom APIs, REST or GraphQL, that can be consumed by any client or front-end framework of choice. 

It sounds interesting, especially since we’ll be consuming our Strapi API and building out Authentication and Authorization with Remix.


## Authentication in Strapi
Strapi uses token-based authentication to authenticate its users by providing a JWT token to a user on successful user registration and login. Strapi also supports multiple authentication providers like Auth0, Google, etc. We’ll be using the local auth in this tutorial.


## What is Remix?
Remix is **a full-stack web framework that focuses on the user interface and works back through web fundamentals to deliver a fast, sleek, and resilient user experience**. Remix includes React Router, server-side rendering, TypeScript support, production server, and backend optimization.

## Goal
At the end of this tutorial, we would have covered how to add authentication to our Remix application with Strapi.

## Prerequisites
- Basic knowledge of JavaScript
- Basic knowledge of Remix
- A code editor like [VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/)
- Node.js version (^12.22.0, ^14.17.0, or >=16.0.0).
    You can download Node.js [from Node.js official site](https://nodejs.org/en/) if you haven't already.
- [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) 7 or greater installed


## What We’re Building
We’ll build a simple Remix application where users can register, log in, and edit their profiles. [Here’s the live example hosted on Netlify](https://viewprofiles.netlify.app/)


## Step 1: Set up Backend with Strapi
To kick off the creation process, we'll begin by setting up the backend with Strapi. 

1. First, we’ll create a new Strapi app. Navigate to the directory of your choice and run one of the commands below:

```bash
    yarn create strapi-app profile-api
    #or
    npx create-strapi-app@latest profile-api
```

2. Next, choose the installation type. `Quickstart` uses the default database SQLite and is recommended. Once the installation is complete, the Strapi admin dashboard should automatically open in your browser. 
3. Fill out the form to create an admin account.
![Strapi admin account form](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657708101024_image.png)
This will allow us to access the admin dashboard.

### Create Collection Types
Let's modify our collection type for **Users.** Navigate to ***CONTENT-TYPE BUILDER > COLLECTION TYPES > USER****.* Here, we’ll see the structure of the user type in Strapi. 


![Strapi default user collection type](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657708373396_image.png)


We’re just going to add a few more fields here. Click on the **+ ADD ANOTHER FIELD** button at the top right corner to add the following fields:

- `twitterUsername` - Text (Short Text) and under ***Advanced settings,***  select  **Unique field.** ***✅***
- `websiteUrl` - Text (Short text)
- `title` - Text (Short Text) and under ***Advanced settings,***  Select  **Required field.** ***✅***
- `bio` - Text (Long Text)
- `profilePic` - Media (Single media)
- `color` - Enumeration: **Values** picked from [Tailwind colors](https://tailwindcss.com/docs/customizing-colors)): 
    - `Red`
    - `Orange`
    - `Amber` etc.
    Under ***Advanced settings,***  set Default Value to `Cyan` and enable **Required field.** ***✅***
- `slug` - UID: **Attached field** - `username`

Now, we should end up with something like this:

![Updated user collection type](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657791360627_image.png)


Click on ***SAVE***. This will save the changes to the collection type and restart the server.


### Configure Permissions for Public and Authenticated Users
Strapi is secure by default, so we won't be able to access any data from the API unless we set the permissions. To set the permissions, 
1. Navigate to **SETTINGS > USERS & PERMISSIONS PLUGIN > ROLES.**
2. Go to **PUBLIC** and enable the following actions for the following under **Users-permissions.**
- **USER**
    - ✅ `Count`
    - ✅ `find`
    - ✅ `findOne`

We should have something like this:
![Enable user action for public roles](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657716048989_image.png)

3. Click **SAVE.**
4. Now, go to **AUTHENTICATED** and enable the following under **User-permissions**
- **AUTH** - ✅ Select All
- **PERMISSIONS** - ✅ Select All
- **USER** ✅ - Select All
![Enable multiple actions for authenticated role](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657716629246_image.png)

5. Click **SAVE.**

Also, we’ll quickly create a few user profiles for our application. To create users, navigate to ***CONTENT MANAGER > USER.*** Then, click on **CREATE NEW ENTRY**, fill out all the necessary info and save the entries.

Here are my users for example:
![User entries](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657823113806_image.png)

## Step 2: Setting up the Remix application

To create our Remix frontend, run:
```bash
    npx create-remix@latest
```

> If this is your first time installing Remix, it’ll ask whether you want to install `create-remix@latest`. Enter `y` to install 

Once the setup script runs, it'll ask you a few questions. 


    ? Where would you like to create your app? remix-profiles
    ? What type of app do you want to create? Just the basics
    ? Where do you want to deploy? Choose Remix App Server if you're unsure; it's easy to change deployment targets. Remix App Server
    ? TypeScript or JavaScript? TypeScript
    ? Do you want me to run `npm install`? Yes

Here we call the app "remix-profiles", then choose "Just the basics" for the app type and for the deploy target, we choose "Remix App Server", we’ll also be using TypeScript for this project and let Remix run `npm install` for us.


> The "Remix App Server" is a full-featured [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/) server based on [Express](https://expressjs.com/). It's the simplest option and we’ll go with it for this tutorial. 

Once the `npm install` is successful, we'll navigate to the `remix-profiles` directory:

```bash
    cd remix-jokes
```

### Set up TailwindCSS
Install `tailwindcss`, its peer dependencies, and `concurrently` via npm, and then run the init command to generate our `tailwind.config.js` file.

```bash
    npm install tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer concurrently @tailwindcss/forms @tailwindcss/aspect-ratio
    npx tailwindcss init
```

Now, configure `./tailwind.config.js`:

```js
    // ./tailwind.config.js
    
    module.exports = {
      content: [
        "./app/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}",
      ],
      theme: {
        extend: {},
      },
      corePlugins: {
        aspectRatio: false,
      },
      plugins: [
        require('@tailwindcss/forms'),
        require('@tailwindcss/aspect-ratio')
      ],
    }
```
Now, we have to update the scripts in our `package.json` file to build both the development and production CSS.

```json
    // ./package.json
    
    {
      "scripts": {
        "build": "npm run build:css && remix build",
        "build:css": "tailwindcss -m -i ./styles/app.css -o app/styles/app.css",
        "dev": "concurrently \"npm run dev:css\" \"remix dev\"",
        "dev:css": "tailwindcss -w -i ./styles/app.css -o app/styles/app.css",
      }
    }
```
With that, we can add the `@tailwind` directives for each of Tailwind’s layers to our css file. Create a new file `./styles/app.css`:

```css
    // ./styles/app.css/
    
    @tailwind base;
    @tailwind components;
    @tailwind utilities;
```
To apply this to our application, we have to import the compiled `./app/styles/app.css` file into our project in our `./app/root.tsx` file:

```js
    // ./app/root.tsx
    
    import type { MetaFunction, LinksFunction } from "@remix-run/node";
    
    // import tatilwind styles
    import styles from "./styles/app.css"
    import {
      Links,
      LiveReload,
      Meta,
      Outlet,
      Scripts,
      ScrollRestoration,
    } from "@remix-run/react";
    export const meta: MetaFunction = () => ({
      charset: "utf-8",
      title: "New Remix App",
      viewport: "width=device-width,initial-scale=1",
    });
    export const links: LinksFunction = () => {
      return [{ rel: "stylesheet", href: styles }];
    };
    
    export default function App() {
      return (
        <html lang="en">
          <head>
            <Meta />
            <Links />
          </head>
          <body>
            <Outlet />
            <ScrollRestoration />
            <Scripts />
            <LiveReload />
          </body>
        </html>
      );
    }
```
Awesome!

Let’s take a quick look at our project structure at this point. It should look something like this:


    remix-profiles
    ├─ .eslintrc
    ├─ .gitignore
    ├─ app
    │  ├─ entry.client.tsx
    │  ├─ entry.server.tsx
    │  ├─ root.tsx
    │  └─ routes
    │     └─ index.tsx
    ├─ package-lock.json
    ├─ package.json
    ├─ public
    │  └─ favicon.ico
    ├─ README.md
    ├─ remix.config.js
    ├─ styles
    │  └─ app.css
    ├─ tailwind.config.js
    └─ tsconfig.json

Now, let’s run our build process and start our application with:

```bash
    npm run dev
```
This runs the dev scripts we added to `package.json` and runs the Tailwind alongside Remix:


![Run tailwind and Remix](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657723767355_image.png)


We should be greeted with this:


![Remix index page](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657723832481_image.png)


Alright! Let's get into the juicy stuff and build out our Remix application.

**Note:** 
- 🚩 All the  styles added to this application are in a single `./styles/app.css` file (not compiled) which you can access in the project's GitHub repository. 
    
- 🚩 I’ll be using TypeScript for this project, I’ve kept all the custom type declarations I created for this project in the `./app/utils/types.ts`  file. You can get it from GitHub and use it to follow along if you’re working with TypeScript.

However, if you prefer to use JavaScript, you can ignore all that and  also use `.js` and `.jsx` files instead.

### Add Strapi URL to Environment Variable
Create an `./.env` file in the root of the project and add the following:

    STRAPI_API_URL="http://localhost:1337/api"
    STRAPI_URL="http://localhost:1337"

### Create SiteHeader Component
Let’s add a nice and simple header with basic navigation to our application.
1. Create a new file in `./app/components/SiteHeader.tsx`

```js
    // ./app/components/SiteHeader.tsx
    
    // import Remix's link component
    import { Link } from "@remix-run/react";
    
    // import type definitions
    import { Profile } from "~/utils/types";
    
    // component accepts `user` prop to determine if user is logged in
    const SiteHeader = ({user} : {user?: Profile | undefined}) => {
      return (
        <header className="site-header">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <figure className="site-logo"><Link to="/"><h1>Profiles</h1></Link></figure>
            <nav className="site-nav">
              <ul className="links">
                {/* show sign out link if user is logged in */}
                {user?.id ?
                  <>
                    {/* link to user profile */}
                    <li>
                      <Link to={`/${user?.slug}`}> Hey, {user?.username}! </Link>
                    </li>
                    <li className="link"><Link to="/sign-out">Sign out</Link></li>
                  </> :
                  <>
                    {/* show sign in and register link if user is not logged in */}
                    <li className="link"><Link to="/sign-in">Sign In</Link></li>
                    <li className="link"><Link to="/register">Register</Link></li>
                  </>
                }
              </ul>
            </nav>
          </div>
        </header>
      );
    };
    export default SiteHeader;
```    

2. We want this to always be visible in the application, regardless of the route. So we simply add it to our `./app/routes/root.tsx` file:

```js
    // ./app/root.jsx
    import type { MetaFunction, LinksFunction } from "@remix-run/node";
    
    // import compiled styles
    import styles from "./styles/app.css";
    import { Links, LiveReload, Meta, Outlet, Scripts, ScrollRestoration } from "@remix-run/react";
    
    // import site header component
    import SiteHeader from "./components/SiteHeader";
    
    // add site meta
    export const meta: MetaFunction = () => ({
      charset: "utf-8",
      title: "Profiles | Find & connect with people",
      viewport: "width=device-width,initial-scale=1",
    });
    
    // add links to site head
    export const links: LinksFunction = () => {
      return [{ rel: "stylesheet", href: styles }];
    };
    
    export default function App() {
      return (
        <html lang="en">
          <head>
            <Meta />
            <Links />
          </head>
          <body>
            <main className="site-main">
              {/* place site header above app outlet */}
              <SiteHeader />
              <Outlet />
              <ScrollRestoration />
              <Scripts />
              <LiveReload />
            </main>
          </body>
        </html>
      );
    }
```

### Create ProfileCard Component
We’ll create a `ProfileCard` component that will be used to display the user information. Create a new file `./app/components/ProfileCard.tsx`:

```js
    // ./app/components/ProfileCard.tsx
    
    import { Link } from "@remix-run/react";
    
    // type definitions for Profile response
    import { Profile } from "~/utils/types";
    
    // strapi url from environment variables
    const strapiUrl = `http://localhost:1337`;
    
    // helper function to get image url for user
    // we're also using https://ui-avatars.com api to generate images
    // the function appends the image url returned
    const getImgUrl = ({ url, username }: { url: string | undefined; username: string | "A+N" }) =>
      url ? `${strapiUrl}${url}` : `https://ui-avatars.com/api/?name=${username?.replace(" ", "+")}&background=2563eb&color=fff`;
    
    // component accepts `profile` prop which contains the user profile data and
    // `preview` prop which indicates whether the card is used in a list or
    // on its own in a dynamic page
    const ProfileCard = ({ profile, preview }: { profile: Profile; preview: boolean }) => {
      return (
        <>
          {/* add the .preview class if `preview` == true */}
          <article className={`profile ${preview ? "preview" : ""}`}>
            <div className="wrapper">
              <div className="profile-pic-cont">
                <figure className="profile-pic img-cont">
                  <img
                    src={getImgUrl({ url: profile.profilePic?.formats.small.url, username: profile.username })}
                    alt={`A photo of ${profile.username}`}
                    className="w-full"
                  />
                </figure>
              </div>
              <div className="profile-content">
                <header className="profile-header ">
                  <h3 className="username">{profile.username}</h3>
                  {/* show twitter name if it exists */}
                  {profile.twitterUsername && (
                    <a href="https://twitter.com/miracleio" className="twitter link">
                      @{profile.twitterUsername}
                    </a>
                  )}
                  {/* show bio if it exists */}
                  {profile.bio && <p className="bio">{profile.bio}</p>}
                </header>
                <ul className="links">
                  {/* show title if it exists */}
                  {profile.title && (
                    <li className="w-icon">
                      <svg className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                        <path
                          strokeLinecap="round"
                          strokeLinejoin="round"
                          d="M21 13.255A23.931 23.931 0 0112 15c-3.183 0-6.22-.62-9-1.745M16 6V4a2 2 0 00-2-2h-4a2 2 0 00-2 2v2m4 6h.01M5 20h14a2 2 0 002-2V8a2 2 0 00-2-2H5a2 2 0 00-2 2v10a2 2 0 002 2z"
                        />
                      </svg>
                      <span> {profile.title} </span>
                    </li>
                  )}
                  {/* show website url if it exists */}
                  {profile.websiteUrl && (
                    <li className="w-icon">
                      <svg className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                        <path
                          strokeLinecap="round"
                          strokeLinejoin="round"
                          d="M13.828 10.172a4 4 0 00-5.656 0l-4 4a4 4 0 105.656 5.656l1.102-1.101m-.758-4.899a4 4 0 005.656 0l4-4a4 4 0 00-5.656-5.656l-1.1 1.1"
                        />
                      </svg>
                      <a href="http://miracleio.me" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="link">
                        {profile.websiteUrl}
                      </a>
                    </li>
                  )}
                </ul>
                {/* hide footer in preview mode */}
                {!preview && (
                  <footer className="grow flex items-end justify-end pt-4">
                    {/* hide link if no slug is present for the  user */}
                    {profile?.slug && (
                      <Link to={profile?.slug}>
                        <button className="cta w-icon">
                          <span>View profile</span>
                          <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" d="M17 8l4 4m0 0l-4 4m4-4H3" />
                          </svg>
                        </button>
                      </Link>
                    )}
                  </footer>
                )}
              </div>
            </div>
          </article>
        </>
      );
    };
    export default ProfileCard;
```
Before this component can work, we have to get the profile data. We can easily do that by creating a module that deals with fetching, creating and updating profiles using the Strapi API. 

### Set up Server Module to Connect with Strapi API
Let’s set up a module that exports a `getProfiles` and `getProfileBySlug` function. Create `./app/models/profiles.server.ts`:

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.tsx
    
    // import types
    import { Profile, ProfileData } from "~/utils/types"
    
    // Strapi API URL from environment varaibles
    const strapiApiUrl = process.env.STRAPI_API_URL
    
    
    // function to fetch all profiles
    export const getProfiles = async (): Promise<Array<Profile>> => {
      const profiles = await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/users/?populate=profilePic`)
      let response = await profiles.json()
    
      return response
    }
    
    // function to get a single profile by it's slug
    export const getProfileBySlug = async (slug: string | undefined): Promise<Profile> => {
      const profile = await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/users?populate=profilePic&filters[slug]=${slug}`)
      let response = await profile.json()
    
      // since the request is a filter, it returns an array
      // here we return the first itm in the array
      // since the slug is unique, it'll only return one item
      return response[0]
    }
```
Now, on our index page, `./app/routes/index.tsx`, we’ll add the following:

```js
    import { json } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { useLoaderData } from "@remix-run/react";
    
    // import profile card component
    import ProfileCard from "~/components/ProfileCard";
    
    // import get profiles function
    import { getProfiles } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    
    // loader data type definition
    type Loaderdata = {
      // this implies that the "profiles type is whatever type getProfiles resolves to"
      profiles: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getProfiles>>;
    }
    
    // loader for route
    export const loader = async () => {
      return json<Loaderdata>({
        profiles: await getProfiles(),
      });
    };
    
    export default function Index() {
      const { profiles } = useLoaderData() as Loaderdata;
      return (
        <section className="site-section profiles-section">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <header className="section-header">
              <h2 className="text-4xl">Explore profiles</h2>
              <p>Find and connect with amazing people all over the world!</p>
            </header>
            {profiles.length > 0 ? (
              <ul className="profiles-list">
                {profiles.map((profile) => (
                  <li key={profile.id} className="profile-item">
                    <ProfileCard profile={profile} preview={false} />
                  </li>
                ))}
              </ul>
            ) : (
              <p>No profiles yet 🙂</p>
            )}{" "}
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    }
```

Here, we create a `loader` function that calls the `getProfiles` function we created earlier and loads the response into our route. To use that data, we import `useLoaderData` and call it within `Index()` and obtain the `profiles` data by destructuring.

We should have something like this:
![Index page showing profile cards](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658007455333_image.png)


Next, we’ll create a dynamic route to display individual profiles.

### Create Dynamic Profile Routes
In the `./app/routes/$slug.tsx` file, we’ll use the loader `params` to get the `slug` from the route and run the `getProfileBySlug()` function with the value to get the profile data.

```js
    // ./app/routes/$slug.tsx
    
    import { json, LoaderFunction, ActionFunction, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { useLoaderData, useActionData } from "@remix-run/react";
    import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
    import ProfileCard from "~/components/ProfileCard";
    import { getProfileBySlug } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    import { Profile } from "~/utils/types";
    
    // type definition of Loader data
    type Loaderdata = {
      profile: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getProfileBySlug>>;
    };
    
    // loader function to get posts by slug
    export const loader: LoaderFunction = async ({ params }) => {
      return json<Loaderdata>({
        profile: await getProfileBySlug(params.slug),
      });
    };
    
    const Profile = () => {
      const { profile } = useLoaderData() as Loaderdata;
      const errors = useActionData();
      const [profileData, setprofileData] = useState(profile);
      const [isEditing, setIsEditing] = useState(false);
    
      return (
        <section className="site-section">
          <div className="wrapper flex items-center py-16 min-h-[calc(100vh-4rem)]">
            <div className="profile-cont w-full max-w-5xl m-auto">
              {profileData ? (
                <>
                  {/* Profile card with `preview` = true */}
                  <ProfileCard profile={profileData} preview={true} />
                  {/* list of actions */}
                  <ul className="actions">
                    <li className="action">
                      <button className="cta w-icon">
                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                          <path
                            strokeLinecap="round"
                            strokeLinejoin="round"
                            d="M8.684 13.342C8.886 12.938 9 12.482 9 12c0-.482-.114-.938-.316-1.342m0 2.684a3 3 0 110-2.684m0 2.684l6.632 3.316m-6.632-6l6.632-3.316m0 0a3 3 0 105.367-2.684 3 3 0 00-5.367 2.684zm0 9.316a3 3 0 105.368 2.684 3 3 0 00-5.368-2.684z"
                          />
                        </svg>
                        <span>Share</span>
                      </button>
                    </li>
                    <li className="action">
                      <button onClick={() => setIsEditing(!isEditing)} className="cta w-icon">
                        {!isEditing ? (
                          <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                            <path
                              strokeLinecap="round"
                              strokeLinejoin="round"
                              d="M11 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v11a2 2 0 002 2h11a2 2 0 002-2v-5m-1.414-9.414a2 2 0 112.828 2.828L11.828 15H9v-2.828l8.586-8.586z"
                            />
                          </svg>
                        ) : (
                          <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" d="M10 14l2-2m0 0l2-2m-2 2l-2-2m2 2l2 2m7-2a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z" />
                          </svg>
                        )}
                        <span>{!isEditing ? "Edit" : "Cancel"}</span>
                      </button>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </>
              ) : (
                <p className="text-center">Oops, that profile doesn't exist... yet</p>
              )}
            </div>
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default Profile;
```

Here, we also added two action buttons. The Edit button, however, is only going to be rendered when the user is signed in. We’ll get to that very soon. This is what the page should look like for this *regular* user:


![Profile page for a single user](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1657885973252_image.png)


Awesome. Now that we have the basics of the application. Let’s build out the authentication so that we can start creating profiles.

## Step 3: Authentication in Remix

We’ll be using the traditional email and password authentication for our application. For Strapi, this means we’ll be using the **local** authentication provider. This provider is pretty straightforward to work with.

To log in, you need to make a POST request to `/api/auth/local` with the `body` object containing an identifier and password, as you see in [this example from the docs](https://docs.strapi.io/developer-docs/latest/plugins/users-permissions.html#local). We could also easily [use other providers](https://docs.strapi.io/developer-docs/latest/plugins/users-permissions.html#providers) if we wanted. Strapi makes that easy.

On Remix’s end, however, we’ll have to do a few things with [Cookies](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies) to get authentication rolling. Strapi handles the user registration and authentication work. So all we need to do in Remix is keep the user logged in, using cookies to store user data, especially the user id and JWT.

Let’s get started by building the login functionality. To do that, we need to create a login route and a form for users to enter their details. We’ll create a reusable form component for this and call it `<ProfileForm>`. 

### Create ProfileForm Component
This form will contain the fields for user login, registration, and updating profile information. To dynamically display fields for authentication (user registration and login) and edit a user profile, we will conditionally render the input fields.

Here’s an overview of how we’ll achieve that:
```js
    <Form>
      {action != "login" && (
        <>
          {/* Profile registeration and update input fields */}
        </>
      )}
      {action != "edit" && (
        <>
          {/* User login input fields */}
        </>
      )}
    </Form>
```
With this we’ll be able to:

- For `"login"` action, display only login input fields like `email` and `password` 
- For `"edit"` action, **only** display ****the profile fields like `username`, `bio`, `website`, etc. 
- For `"create"` action, display **both** the login fields and the profile fields. This allows users to set fill in their data while creating the account.

This “dynamic” form is not crucial to our application, though. We’re just trying to create a reusable form component for all the use cases we currently have. We can as well, create separate forms for different actions.

To implement this, create a new file `./app/components/ProfileForm.tsx`:

```js
    // ./app/components/ProfileForm.tsx
    import { Form, useTransition } from "@remix-run/react";
    import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
    // custom type declarations
    import { Profile, ProfileFormProps } from "~/utils/types";
    const ProfileForm = ({ profile, onModifyData, action, errors }: ProfileFormProps) => {
      // get state of form
      const transition = useTransition();
      // state for user profile data
      const [profileData, setProfileData] = useState(profile);
      // state for user login information
      const [authData, setAuthData] = useState({ email: "", password: "" });
      // helper function to set profile data value
      const updateField = (field: object) => setProfileData((value) => ({ ...value, ...field }));
      // listen to changes to the profileData state
      // run the onModifyData() function passing the profileData to it
      //  this will snd the data to the parent component
      useEffect(() => {
        // run function if `onModifyData` is passed to the component
        if (onModifyData) {
          // depending on the action passed to the form
          // select which data to send to parent when modified
          // when action == create, send both the profile data and auth data
          if (action == "create") onModifyData({ ...profileData, ...authData });
          // when action == login, send only auth data
          else if (action == "login") onModifyData(authData);
          // send profile data by default (when action == edit)
          else onModifyData(profileData);
        }
      }, [profileData, authData]);
      return (
        <Form method={action == "edit" ? "put" : "post"} className="form">
          <fieldset disabled={transition.state == "submitting"}>
            <input value={profile?.id} type="hidden" name="id" required />
            <div className="wrapper">
              {action != "login" && (
                // profile edit input forms
                <>
                  <div className="form-group">
                    <div className="form-control">
                      <label htmlFor="username">Name</label>
                      <input
                        onChange={(e) => updateField({ username: e.target.value })}
                        value={profileData?.username}
                        id="username"
                        name="username"
                        type="text"
                        className="form-input"
                        required
                      />
                      {errors?.username ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.username}</em> : null}
                    </div>
                    <div className="form-control">
                      <label htmlFor="twitterUsername">Twitter username</label>
                      <input
                        onChange={(e) => updateField({ twitterUsername: e.target.value })}
                        value={profileData?.twitterUsername}
                        id="twitterUsername"
                        name="twitterUsername"
                        type="text"
                        className="form-input"
                        placeholder="Without the @"
                      />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <div className="form-control">
                    <label htmlFor="bio">Bio</label>
                    <textarea
                      onChange={(e) => updateField({ bio: e.target.value })}
                      value={profileData?.bio}
                      name="bio"
                      id="bio"
                      cols={30}
                      rows={3}
                      className="form-textarea"
                    ></textarea>
                  </div>
                  <div className="form-group">
                    <div className="form-control">
                      <label htmlFor="job-title">Job title</label>
                      <input
                        onChange={(e) => updateField({ title: e.target.value })}
                        value={profileData?.title}
                        id="job-title"
                        name="job-title"
                        type="text"
                        className="form-input"
                      />
                      {errors?.title ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.title}</em> : null}
                    </div>
                    <div className="form-control">
                      <label htmlFor="website">Website link</label>
                      <input
                        onChange={(e) => updateField({ websiteUrl: e.target.value })}
                        value={profileData?.websiteUrl}
                        id="website"
                        name="website"
                        type="url"
                        className="form-input"
                      />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </>
              )}
              {action != "edit" && (
                // user auth input forms
                <>
                  <div className="form-control">
                    <label htmlFor="job-title">Email</label>
                    <input
                      onChange={(e) => setAuthData((data) => ({ ...data, email: e.target.value }))}
                      value={authData.email}
                      id="email"
                      name="email"
                      type="email"
                      className="form-input"
                      required
                    />
                    {errors?.email ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.email}</em> : null}
                  </div>
                  <div className="form-control">
                    <label htmlFor="job-title">Password</label>
                    <input
                      onChange={(e) => setAuthData((data) => ({ ...data, password: e.target.value }))}
                      value={authData.password}
                      id="password"
                      name="password"
                      type="password"
                      className="form-input"
                    />
                    {errors?.password ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.password}</em> : null}
                  </div>
                  {errors?.ValidationError ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.ValidationError}</em> : null}
                  {errors?.ApplicationError ? <em className="text-red-600">{errors.ApplicationError}</em> : null}
                </>
              )}
              <div className="action-cont mt-4">
                <button className="cta"> {transition.state == "submitting" ? "Submitting" : "Submit"} </button>
              </div>
            </div>
          </fieldset>
        </Form>
      );
    };
    export default ProfileForm;
```

In this component, we have the following props: 

- `profile` - Contains user profile information to fill in the form with.
- `onModifyData` - Pass modified data to the parent depending on the `action` type.
- `action` - determine the action of the form
- `errors` - errors passed to the form from the parent (after the form has been submitted)

Next, we initialize and assign `useTransition()` to `transition` that we’ll use to get the state of the form when it’s submitted. We also set up states - `profileData` and `authData` which we use `useEffect()` to pass the state value to the parent component.

Finally, we return the template for the component and conditionally render the authentication input fields and other profile fields depending on the action type, as explained earlier.

Now that we have our form component ready, let’s start with building out the login functionality.

### Create Sign-in Function
We’ll start by creating a function called `signIn` which will POST the auth details to the Strapi authentication endpoint. In `./app/models/profiles.server.ts`, create a new function: `signIn()`

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.ts
    // import types
    import { LoginActionData, LoginResponse, Profile, ProfileData } from "~/utils/types"
    
    // ...
    
    // function to sign in
    export const signIn = async (data: LoginActionData): Promise<LoginResponse> => {
      // make POST request to Strapi Auth URL
      const profile = await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/auth/local`, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json"
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)
      })
      let response = await profile.json()
    
      // return login response
      return response
    }
```

This function sends a login request and returns the user data if the details sent in the `body` match. The next thing we need to do is save the user data to the session.

### Save User Session with CreateUserSession
In `app/utils/session.server.ts`, we’ll write a `createUserSession` function that accepts a user ID and a route to redirect to. It should do the following:

- create a new session (via the cookie storage `getSession` function)
- set the `userId` field on the session
- redirect to the given route setting the `Set-Cookie` header (via the cookie storage `commitSession` function)

To do this, create a new file: `./app/utils/session.server.ts`

```js
    // ./app/utils/session.server.ts
    
    import { createCookieSessionStorage, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { LoginResponse } from "./types";
    // initialize createCookieSession
    const { getSession, commitSession, destroySession } = createCookieSessionStorage({
      cookie: {
        name: "userSession",
        // normally you want this to be `secure: true`
        // but that doesn't work on localhost for Safari
        // https://web.dev/when-to-use-local-https/
        secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production",
        sameSite: "lax",
        path: "/",
        maxAge: 60 * 60 * 24 * 30,
        httpOnly: true,
      }
    })
    // fucntion to save user data to session
    export const createUserSession = async (userData: LoginResponse, redirectTo: string) => {
      const session = await getSession()
      session.set("userData", userData);
      console.log({ session });
      return redirect(redirectTo, {
        headers: {
          "Set-Cookie": await commitSession(session)
        }
      })
    }
```

Great. Now, we can create our login page and use our `<ProfileForm>` component.

Create a new file `./app/routes/sign-in.tsx`:

```js
    // ./app/routes/sign-in.tsx
    
    import { ActionFunction, json, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { useActionData } from "@remix-run/react";
    import ProfileForm from "~/components/ProfileForm";
    import { signIn } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    import { createUserSession } from "~/utils/session.server";
    import { LoginErrorResponse, LoginActionData } from "~/utils/types";
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      try {
        // get request form data
        const formData = await request.formData();
        // get form values
        const identifier = formData.get("email");
        const password = formData.get("password");
    
        // error object
        // each error property is assigned null if it has a value
        const errors: LoginActionData = {
          identifier: identifier ? null : "Email is required",
          password: password ? null : "Password is required",
        };
        // return true if any property in the error object has a value
        const hasErrors = Object.values(errors).some((errorMessage) => errorMessage);
    
        // throw the errors object if any error
        if (hasErrors) throw errors;
    
        // sign in user with identifier and password
        let { jwt, user, error } = await signIn({ identifier, password });
    
        // throw strapi error message if strapi returns an error
        if (error) throw { [error.name]: error.message };
        // create user session
        return createUserSession({ jwt, user }, "/");
      } catch (error) {
        // return error response
        return json<LoginErrorResponse>(error);
      }
    };
    const Login = () => {
      const errors = useActionData();
      return (
        <section className="site-section profiles-section">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <header className="section-header">
              <h2 className="text-4xl">Sign in </h2>
              <p>You have to log in to edit your profile</p>
            </header>
            {/* set form action to `login` and pass errors if any */}
            <ProfileForm action="login" errors={errors} />
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default Login;
```

Here, we have a `action` function which gets the `identifier`  and password value using `formData` after the form is submitted and passes the values to `signIn()`. If there are no errors, the `action` function creates a session with the user data by returning `createUserSession()`. 

If there are errors, we `throw` the error and return it in the `catch` block. The errors are then automatically displayed on the form since we pass it as props to `<ProfileForm>`.


![Sign in page](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658142118530_image.png)


Now, if we sign in using the email and password of the users we created earlier in Strapi, the login request will be sent and if successful, the session will be created. You can view the cookies in the application tab of devtools.


![userSession cookie](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658141947298_image.png)


Now, all requests made will contain the cookies in the `Headers`:
![Cookies in request headers](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658142746124_image.png)


Also, the `<ProfileForm>` components can handle errors passed to it. This shows a `ValidationError` returned by Strapi when the user inputs an incorrect password.


![Strapi validation error](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658143031032_image.png)

Awesome. Now, we need to get the user data from the session so the user knows their signed in. 

### Get User Data from Cookies Session
To get the user information from the session, we’ll create a few more functions: `getUserSession(request)`, `getUserData(request)` and `logout()` in `./app/utils/session.server.ts`.

```js
    // ./app/utils/session.server.ts
    // ...
    
    // get cookies from request
    const getUserSession = (request: Request) => {
      return getSession(request.headers.get("Cookie"))
    }
    // function to get user data from session
    export const getUserData = async (request: Request): Promise<LoginResponse | null> => {
      const session = await getUserSession(request)
      const userData = session.get("userData")
      console.log({userData});
      if(!userData) return null
      return userData
    }
    
    // function to remove user data from session, logging user out
    export const logout = async (request: Request) => {
      const session = await getUserSession(request);
      return redirect("/sign-in", {
        headers: {
          "Set-Cookie": await destroySession(session)
        }
      })
    }
```    

What we need to do know is to let the user know that they are signed in by showing the user name and hiding the “login” and “register” links in the site header. To do that, we’ll create a loader function in `./app/root.jsx` to get the user data from the session and pass it to the `<SiteHeader>` component.

```js
    // ./app/root.jsx
    // ...
    import { getUserData } from "./utils/session.server";
    type LoaderData = {
      userData: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getUserData>>;
    };
    
    // loader function to get and return userdata
    export const loader: LoaderFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      return json<LoaderData>({
        userData: await getUserData(request),
      });
    };
    export default function App() {
      const { userData } = useLoaderData() as LoaderData;
      return (
        <html lang="en">
          <head>
            <Meta />
            <Links />
          </head>
          <body>
            <main className="site-main">
              {/* place site header above app outlet, pass user data as props */}
              <SiteHeader user={userData?.user} />
              {/* ... */}
            </main>
          </body>
        </html>
      );
    }
```

Remember that the <SiteHeader> component conditionally displays the “Sign In”, “Register”, and “Sign out” links depending on the user data passed to the component. Now that we’ve passed the user data, we should get something like this:

![SiteHeader component showing user name and sign out link](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658146735383_image.png)

### Build the Log-Out Functionality
First thing we’ll do is modify our `<SiteHeader>` component in `./app/components/SiteHeader.tsx`. We’ll replace the `Sign out` link with a `<Form>` like this:

```js
    // ./app/components/SiteHeader.tsx
    // import Remix's link component
    import { Form, Link, useTransition } from "@remix-run/react";
    // import type definitions
    import { Profile } from "~/utils/types";
    // component accepts `user` prop to determine if user is logged in
    const SiteHeader = ({user} : {user?: Profile | undefined}) => {
      const transition = useTransition()
      return (
        <header className="site-header">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <figure className="site-logo"><Link to="/"><h1>Profiles</h1></Link></figure>
            <nav className="site-nav">
              <ul className="links">
                {/* show sign out link if user is logged in */}
                {user?.id ?
                  <>
                    {/* link to user profile */}
                    <li>
                      <Link to={`/${user?.slug}`}> Hey, {user?.username}! </Link>
                    </li>
                    {/* Form component to send POST request to the sign out route */}
                    <Form action="/sign-out" method="post" className="link">
                      <button type="submit" disabled={transition.state != "idle"} >
                        {transition.state == "idle" ? "Sign Out" : "Loading..."}
                      </button>
                    </Form>
                  </> :
                  <>
                    {/* show sign in and register link if user is not logged in */}
                    {/* ...  */}
                  </>
                }
              </ul>
            </nav>
          </div>
        </header>
      );
    };
    export default SiteHeader;
```
Then, we’ll create a `./app/routes/sign-out.tsx` route and enter the following code:

```js
    // ./app/routes/sign-out.tsx
    import { ActionFunction, LoaderFunction, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { logout } from "~/utils/session.server";
    
    // action to get the /sign-out request action from the sign out form
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      return logout(request);
    };
    
    // loader to redirect to "/"
    export const loader: LoaderFunction = async () => {
      return redirect("/");
    };
```

Now, if we click on the sign out button. It submits the form with `action=``"``/sign-out``"`, which is handled by the `action` function in `./app/routes/sign-out.tsx`. Then, the loader in the sign-out page redirects the user to “/” by default when the user visits that route.

![Sign in and sign out](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658152145270_screen-recorder-mon-jul-18-2022-14-45-44_gif.gif)

Now, let’s work on user registration.

### User Registration
This is very similar to what we did for login. First, we create the `register()` function in `./app/models/profiles.server.ts`:

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.ts
    // import types
    import slugify from "~/utils/slugify"
    import { LoginActionData, LoginResponse, Profile, ProfileData, RegisterActionData } from "~/utils/types"
    
    // ...
    
    // function to register user
    export const register = async (data: RegisterActionData): Promise<LoginResponse> => {
      // generate slug from username
      let slug = slugify(data.username?.toString())
      data.slug = slug
    
      // make POST request to Strapi Register Auth URL
      const profile = await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/auth/local/register`, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json"
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)
      })
    
      // get response from request
      let response = await profile.json()
    
      // return register response
      return response
    }
```

Now, create a new file `./app/routes/register.jsx` for the `/register` route:

```js
    // ./app/routes/register.tsx
    import { ActionFunction, json } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { useActionData } from "@remix-run/react";
    import ProfileForm from "~/components/ProfileForm";
    import { register } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    import { createUserSession } from "~/utils/session.server";
    import { ErrorResponse, RegisterActionData } from "~/utils/types";
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      try {
        // get request form data
        const formData = await request.formData();
        // get form input values
        const email = formData.get("email");
        const password = formData.get("password");
        const username = formData.get("username");
        const title = formData.get("job-title");
        const twitterUsername = formData.get("twitterUsername");
        const bio = formData.get("bio");
        const websiteUrl = formData.get("website");
        const errors: RegisterActionData = {
          email: email ? null : "Email is required",
          password: password ? null : "Password is required",
          username: username ? null : "Username is required",
          title: title ? null : "Job title is required",
        };
        const hasErrors = Object.values(errors).some((errorMessage) => errorMessage);
        if (hasErrors) throw errors;
        console.log({ email, password, username, title, twitterUsername, bio, websiteUrl });
        // function to register user with user details
        const { jwt, user, error } = await register({ email, password, username, title, twitterUsername, bio, websiteUrl });
        console.log({ jwt, user, error });
        // throw strapi error message if strapi returns an error
        if (error) throw { [error.name]: error.message };
        // create user session
        return createUserSession({ jwt, user }, "/");
      } catch (error) {
        // return error response
        return json(error);
      }
    };
    const Register = () => {
      const errors = useActionData();
      console.log({ errors });
      return (
        <section className="site-section profiles-section">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <header className="section-header">
              <h2 className="text-4xl">Register</h2>
              <p>Create a new profile</p>
            </header>
            {/* set form action to `login` and pass errors if any */}
            <ProfileForm action="create" errors={errors} />
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default Register;
```

Here’s what we should have now:
![Screenshot](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658161034256_screen-recorder-mon-jul-18-2022-17-09-54_gif.gif)

Now, that we can register users and login, let’s allow users to edit their profiles once logged in.

### Add Reset Password Functionality
We need to configure Strapi. Let’s install `nodemailer` to send emails to users. Go to back to the Strapi project folder, stop the server and install the Strapi Nodemailer provider:

```bash
    npm install @strapi/provider-email-nodemailer --save
```

Now, create a new file `./config/plugins.js`

```js
    module.exports = ({ env }) => ({
      email: {
        config: {
          provider: 'nodemailer',
          providerOptions: {
            host: env('SMTP_HOST', 'smtp.gmail.com'),
            port: env('SMTP_PORT', 465),
            auth: {
              user: env('GMAIL_USER'),
              pass: env('GMAIL_PASSWORD'),
            },
            // ... any custom nodemailer options
          },
          settings: {
            defaultFrom: 'threepointo.dev@gmail.com',
            defaultReplyTo: 'threepointo.dev@gmail.com',
          },
        },
      },
    });
```
I’ll be using Gmail for this example; you can use any email provider of your choice. You can find instructions on the [Strapi Documentattion](https://docs.strapi.io/developer-docs/latest/plugins/email.html#sending-emails-with-a-controller-or-service).

Add the environment variables in the `./.env` file:


    SMTP_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
    SMTP_PORT=465
    GMAIL_USER=threepointo.dev@gmail.com
    GMAIL_PASSWORD=<generated-pass>

You can find out more on [how to generate Gmail passwords that work with Nodemailer.](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71477637/nodemailer-and-gmail-after-may-30-2022)

Start the server:
```bash
    yarn develop
```
In the Strapi admin dashboard, navigate to ***SETTINGS > USERS & PERMISSIONS PLUGIN > ROLES > PUBLIC > USERS-PERMISSIONS,*** enable the `forgotPassword` and `resetPassword` actions.


![Enable forgot-password and reset-password actions for public roles in strapi admin](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658250496562_image.png)


We can also modify the email template for reset password in Strapi. Navigate to:

![](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658294368993_image.png)


Next, we’ll head back to our Remix project and add new functions for forgot and reset password.

### Add 'Forgot Password' Functionality
Create a new function `sendResetMail`  in `./app/models/profiles.server.ts`:

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.ts
    // ...
    
    // function to send password reset email
    export const sendResetMail = async (email: string | File | null | undefined) => {
      const response = await (await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/auth/forgot-password`, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({ email })
      })).json()
      return response
    }
```
Now, create a forgot password page, create a new file `./app/routes/forgot-password`:

```js
    import { ActionFunction, json } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { Form, useActionData, useTransition } from "@remix-run/react";
    import { sendResetMail } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    
    // action function to get form values and run reset mail function
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      const formData = await request.formData();
      const email = formData.get("email");
      const response = await sendResetMail(email);
      return json(response);
    };
    const ForgotPass = () => {
      const transition = useTransition();
      const data = useActionData();
      return (
        <section className="site-section profiles-section">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <header className="section-header">
              <h2 className="text-4xl">Forgot password</h2>
              <p>Click the button below to send the reset link to your registerd email</p>
            </header>
            <Form method="post" className="form">
              <div className="wrapper">
                <p>{data?.ok ? "Link sent! Check your mail. Can't find it in the inbox? Check Spam" : ""}</p>
                <div className="form-control">
                  <label htmlFor="email">Email</label>
                  <input id="email" name="email" type="email" className="form-input" required />
                </div>
                <div className="action-cont mt-4">
                  <button className="cta"> {transition.state == "submitting" ? "Sending" : "Send link"} </button>
                </div>
              </div>
            </Form>
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default ForgotPass;
```
Here’s what the page looks like:


![Forgot password page](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658408003994_image.png)


### Add 'Reset Password' Functionality
First, create a new `resetPass` function in `./app/models/profiles.session.ts`

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.ts
    // ...
    
    // function to reset password
    export const resetPass = async ({ password, passwordConfirmation, code }: { password: File | string | null | undefined, passwordConfirmation: File | string | null | undefined, code: File | string | null | undefined }) => {
      const response = await (await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/auth/reset-password`, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({
          password,
          passwordConfirmation,
          code
        })
      })).json()
      return response
    }
```
This function sends a request to `/api/auth/reset-password` with the password, confirmation and `code` which is sent to the user’s mail. Create a new reset password page to send the request with the password and code, `./app/routes/reset-password.tsx`

```js
    // ./app/routes/reset-password.tsx
    
    import { ActionFunction, json, LoaderFunction, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { Form, useActionData, useLoaderData, useTransition } from "@remix-run/react";
    import { resetPass } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    type LoaderData = {
      code: string | undefined;
    };
    // get code from URL parameters
    export const loader: LoaderFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      const url = new URL(request.url);
      const code = url.searchParams.get("code");
      // take user to homepage if there's no code in the url
      if (!code) return redirect("/");
      return json<LoaderData>({
        code: code,
      });
    };
    // get password and code and send reset password request
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      const formData = await request.formData();
      const code = formData.get("code");
      const password = formData.get("password");
      const passwordConfirmation = formData.get("confirmPassword");
      const response = await resetPass({ password, passwordConfirmation, code });
      // return error is passwords don't match
      if (password != passwordConfirmation) return json({ confirmPassword: "Passwords should match" });
      return json(response);
    };
    const ResetPass = () => {
      const transition = useTransition();
      const error = useActionData();
      const { code } = useLoaderData() as LoaderData;
      return (
        <section className="site-section profiles-section">
          <div className="wrapper">
            <header className="section-header">
              <h2 className="text-4xl">Reset password</h2>
              <p>Enter your new password</p>
            </header>
            <Form method="post" className="form">
              <input value={code} type="hidden" id="code" name="code" required />
              <div className="wrapper">
                <div className="form-control">
                  <label htmlFor="job-title">Password</label>
                  <input id="password" name="password" type="password" className="form-input" required />
                </div>
                <div className="form-control">
                  <label htmlFor="job-title">Confirm password</label>
                  <input id="confirmPassword" name="confirmPassword" type="password" className="form-input" required />
                  {error?.confirmPassword ? <em className="text-red-600">{error.confirmPassword}</em> : null}
                </div>
                <div className="action-cont mt-4">
                  <button className="cta"> {transition.state == "submitting" ? "Sending" : "Reset password"} </button>
                </div>
              </div>
            </Form>
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default ResetPass;
```
See it in action:


![Screenshot](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658294198917_screen-recorder-wed-jul-20-2022-06-14-56_gif.gif)


## Step 4: Add 'Edit Profile' Functionality for Authenticated Users

First, we create a new `updateProfile()` function which accepts the user input and JWT `token` as arguments. Back in `./app/models/profiles.server.ts` add the `updateProfile()` function:

```js
    // ./app/models/profiles.server.ts
    // import types
    import slugify from "~/utils/slugify"
    import { LoginActionData, LoginResponse, Profile, ProfileData, RegisterActionData } from "~/utils/types"
    
    // ...
    
    // function to update a profile
    export const updateProfile = async (data: ProfileData, token: string | undefined): Promise<Profile> => {
      // get id from data
      const { id } = data
      // PUT request to update data
      const profile = await fetch(`${strapiApiUrl}/users/${id}`, {
        method: "PUT",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
          // set the auth token to the user's jwt
          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)
      })
      let response = await profile.json()
      return response
    }
```
Here, we send a request to update the user data with the `Authorization` set in the `headers`. We’ll pass the `token` to the `updateProfile` function which will be obtained from the user session.

Back in our `./app/routes/$slug.tsx` page, we need an action to call this function and pass the necessary arguments. We’ll add our `<ProfileForm>` component and set the action to `"``edit``"`. This form will only be rendered if the signed in user data is the same as the user data on the current profile route. We’ll also show the edit button and the `<ProfileForm>` if the profile id is equal to the signed in user and add an `action` function to handle the form submission and validation.

```js
    // ./app/routes/$slug.tsx
    import { json, LoaderFunction, ActionFunction, redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
    import { useLoaderData, useActionData } from "@remix-run/react";
    import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
    import { updateProfile } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    import { getProfileBySlug } from "~/models/profiles.server";
    import { getUserData } from "~/utils/session.server";
    import { Profile } from "~/utils/types";
    import ProfileCard from "~/components/ProfileCard";
    import ProfileForm from "~/components/ProfileForm";
    // type definition of Loader data
    type Loaderdata = {
      userData: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getUserData>>;
      profile: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getProfileBySlug>>;
    };
    // action data type
    type EditActionData =
      | {
          id: string | null;
          username: string | null;
          title: string | null;
        }
      | undefined;
    // loader function to get posts by slug
    export const loader: LoaderFunction = async ({ params, request }) => {
      return json<Loaderdata>({
        userData: await getUserData(request),
        profile: await getProfileBySlug(params.slug),
      });
    };
    // action to handle form submission
    export const action: ActionFunction = async ({ request }) => {
      // get user data
      const data = await getUserData(request)
      // get request form data
      const formData = await request.formData();
      // get form values
      const id = formData.get("id");
      const username = formData.get("username");
      const twitterUsername = formData.get("twitterUsername");
      const bio = formData.get("bio");
      const title = formData.get("job-title");
      const websiteUrl = formData.get("website");
    
      // error object
      // each error property is assigned null if it has a value
      const errors: EditActionData = {
        id: id ? null : "Id is required",
        username: username ? null : "username is required",
        title: title ? null : "title is required",
      };
      // return true if any property in the error object has a value
      const hasErrors = Object.values(errors).some((errorMessage) => errorMessage);
      // return the error object
      if (hasErrors) return json<EditActionData>(errors);
      // run the update profile function
      // pass the user jwt to the function
      await updateProfile({ id, username, twitterUsername, bio, title, websiteUrl }, data?.jwt);
      // redirect users to home page
      return null;
    };
    const Profile = () => {
      const { profile, userData } = useLoaderData() as Loaderdata;
      const errors = useActionData();
      const [profileData, setprofileData] = useState(profile);
      const [isEditing, setIsEditing] = useState(false);
      console.log({ userData, profile });
    
      return (
        <section className="site-section">
          <div className="wrapper flex items-center py-16 min-h-[calc(100vh-4rem)]">
            <div className="profile-cont w-full max-w-5xl m-auto">
              {profileData ? (
                <>
                  {/* Profile card with `preview` = true */}
                  <ProfileCard profile={profileData} preview={true} />
                  {/* list of actions */}
                  <ul className="actions">
                    <li className="action">
                      <button className="cta w-icon">
                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                          <path
                            strokeLinecap="round"
                            strokeLinejoin="round"
                            d="M8.684 13.342C8.886 12.938 9 12.482 9 12c0-.482-.114-.938-.316-1.342m0 2.684a3 3 0 110-2.684m0 2.684l6.632 3.316m-6.632-6l6.632-3.316m0 0a3 3 0 105.367-2.684 3 3 0 00-5.367 2.684zm0 9.316a3 3 0 105.368 2.684 3 3 0 00-5.368-2.684z"
                          />
                        </svg>
                        <span>Share</span>
                      </button>
                    </li>
                    {userData?.user?.id == profile.id && (
                      <li className="action">
                        <button onClick={() => setIsEditing(!isEditing)} className="cta w-icon">
                          {!isEditing ? (
                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                              <path
                                strokeLinecap="round"
                                strokeLinejoin="round"
                                d="M11 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v11a2 2 0 002 2h11a2 2 0 002-2v-5m-1.414-9.414a2 2 0 112.828 2.828L11.828 15H9v-2.828l8.586-8.586z"
                              />
                            </svg>
                          ) : (
                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" className="icon stroke" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth={2}>
                              <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" d="M10 14l2-2m0 0l2-2m-2 2l-2-2m2 2l2 2m7-2a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z" />
                            </svg>
                          )}
                          <span>{!isEditing ? "Edit" : "Cancel"}</span>
                        </button>
                      </li>
                    )}
                  </ul>
                </>
              ) : (
                <p className="text-center">Oops, that profile doesn't exist... yet</p>
              )}
              {/* display dynamic form component when user clicks on edit */}
              {userData?.user?.id == profile?.id && isEditing && (
                <ProfileForm errors={errors} profile={profile} action={"edit"} onModifyData={(value: Profile) => setprofileData(value)} />
              )}
            </div>
          </div>
        </section>
      );
    };
    export default Profile;
```
Now, when we’re logged in as a particular user, we can edit that user data as shown here:
![Screenshot](https://paper-attachments.dropbox.com/s_AD9D9A9BCC5F24E314BA5BDA689D80B3314A7129FA93C89F5122EC4B0DC22870_1658210419578_screen-recorder-tue-jul-19-2022-06-18-38_gif.gif)

## Conclusion

So far, we have seen how we can build a Remix application with authentication using Strapi as a Headless CMS. Let’s summarize what we’ve been able to achieve so far.

- We created and set up Strapi, configured the **User** collection type, and modified permissions for public and authenticated users. 
- We created a new Remix application with Tailwind for styling. 
- In Strapi, we used the **local** provider (email and password) for authentication.
- In Remix, we used cookies to store the user data and JWT, allowing us to make authenticated requests to Strapi.
- We added forgot-password and reset-password functionalities by configuring Strapi Email plugin.

I’m sure you’ve been able to pick up one or two new things from this tutorial. If you’re stuck somewhere, the Strapi and Remix application source code are available on GitHub and listed in the resources section.


## Resources

Here are a few articles I think will be helpful:

- [Building a Jokes app with Remix (Authentication)](https://remix.run/docs/en/v1/tutorials/jokes#authentication)
- [Build a simple blog with Remix](https://remix.run/docs/en/v1/tutorials/blog)
- [Implementing authentication in Remix applications with Supabase](https://blog.openreplay.com/implementing-authentication-in-remix-applications-with-supabase)
- [Authentication, Roles and Permissions in Strapi](https://docs.strapi.io/developer-docs/latest/plugins/users-permissions.html#roles-permissions)
- [Registration and Login in Strapi with VueJS](https://strapi.io/blog/registration-and-login-authentication-with-vue-js-and-strapi-1)

As promised, the code for the Remix frontend and Strapi backend is available on GitHub:

- [Remix Frontend GitHub Repository](https://github.com/miracleonyenma/remix-profiles)
- [Strapi Backend GitHub Repository](https://github.com/miracleonyenma/strapi-profile-api)

Also, [here’s the live example hosted on Netlify.](https://viewprofiles.netlify.app/) 

Happy Coding!