Building a chat app with Socket.io and React Native 🤯
Tags: javascript, webdev, programming, reactnative
Published: 2022-10-17 11:00:37

I wrote before on [how to build a chat app with React](url), it got 1660 likes and 52955 views 🤩

So I have decided to make another one for React Native.
## What is this article about?
Chats are all around us, from Whatsapp to Facebook and Instagram, almost every platform offers a chat in some kind of variation.

In Today's digital world we have all gone mobile! Just before this article I wrote a friend a message on Whatsapp.

![Typing](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/km2w1ppw3yw9pd9na7mu.gif)

Chats are fun, you send a message to a person or a group, they see the message and reply back. Simple yet complex.
To develop a chat app you would need to be aware of new messages as soon as they arrive.

**In this article**, we will do something a little bit different than the previous React tutorial. We will create a sign in screen where you can enter your name, create groups where people can join and show real-time messages between the people in the group.

## Getting Live Information From The Server ℹ️
There are two ways to get live information from your server about a new bid:

**Use long-polling HTTP request**, basically an HTTP request every 5 - 10 seconds to get information about a new bid.

**Use an open-socket (Websockets)** to get information directly from the server when a new bid arrives.

In this article I will talk about **Websockets** and specifically on the Node.js library - **Socket.io**

[Socket.io](https://socket.io/) is a popular JavaScript library that allows us to create real-time, bi-directional communication between software applications and a Node.js server.

## Novu - the first open-source notification infrastructure
Just a quick background about us. Novu is the first open-source [notification infrastructure](https://novu.co). We basically help to manage all the product notifications. It can be **In-App** (the bell icon like you have in the Dev Community - **Websockets**), Emails, SMSs and so on.

I would be super happy if you could give us a star! It will help me to make more articles every week 🚀
https://github.com/novuhq/novu

![Novu](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/yn90yvsd87tgik03c08v.gif)
We are sending some awesome swag during Hacktoberfest 😇

## How to create a real time connection between React Native & Socket.io

In this tutorial, we'll build the chat application with [Expo](https://expo.dev/) - an open-source framework that enables us to create native apps for IOS and Android by writing React and JavaScript code.

### Installing Expo
[Expo](https://expo.dev/) saves us from the complex configurations required to create a native application with [React Native CLI](https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started), making it the easiest and fastest way to build and publish React Native apps.

Ensure you have the [Expo CLI](https://docs.expo.dev/get-started/installation/#1-expo-cli), [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/), and [Git](https://git-scm.com/) installed on your computer. Then, create the project folder and an Expo React Native app by running the code below.

```bash
mkdir chat-app
cd chat-app
expo init app
```

Expo allows us to create native applications using the [Managed](https://docs.expo.dev/introduction/managed-vs-bare/#managed-workflow) or [Bare Workflow](https://docs.expo.dev/introduction/managed-vs-bare/#bare-workflow). We'll use the blank Managed Workflow in this tutorial because all the necessary configurations have been completed for us.

```bash
? Choose a template: › - Use arrow-keys. Return to submit.
    ----- Managed workflow -----
❯   blank               a minimal app as clean as an empty canvas
    blank (TypeScript)  same as blank but with TypeScript configuration
    tabs (TypeScript)   several example screens and tabs using react-navigation and TypeScript
    ----- Bare workflow -----
    minimal             bare and minimal, just the essentials to get you started
```

Install Socket.io Client API to the React Native app.

```bash
cd app
expo install socket.io-client
```

Create a `socket.js` within a `utils` folder and copy the code below into the file

```bash
mkdir utils
touch socket.js
//👇🏻 Paste within socket.js file
```
And add
```jsx
import { io } from "socket.io-client";
const socket = io.connect("http://localhost:4000");
export default socket;
```

The code snippet above creates a real-time connection to the server hosted at that URL. (*We'll create the server in the upcoming section*).

Create a `styles.js` file within the `utils` folder and copy the code below into the file. It contains all the styling for the chat application.

```jsx
import { StyleSheet } from "react-native";

export const styles = StyleSheet.create({
	loginscreen: {
		flex: 1,
		backgroundColor: "#EEF1FF",
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "center",
		padding: 12,
		width: "100%",
	},
	loginheading: {
		fontSize: 26,
		marginBottom: 10,
	},
	logininputContainer: {
		width: "100%",
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "center",
	},
	logininput: {
		borderWidth: 1,
		width: "90%",
		padding: 8,
		borderRadius: 2,
	},
	loginbutton: {
		backgroundColor: "green",
		padding: 12,
		marginVertical: 10,
		width: "60%",
		borderRadius: "50%",
		elevation: 1,
	},
	loginbuttonText: {
		textAlign: "center",
		color: "#fff",
		fontWeight: "600",
	},
	chatscreen: {
		backgroundColor: "#F7F7F7",
		flex: 1,
		padding: 10,
		position: "relative",
	},
	chatheading: {
		fontSize: 24,
		fontWeight: "bold",
		color: "green",
	},
	chattopContainer: {
		backgroundColor: "#F7F7F7",
		height: 70,
		width: "100%",
		padding: 20,
		justifyContent: "center",
		marginBottom: 15,
		elevation: 2,
	},
	chatheader: {
		flexDirection: "row",
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "space-between",
	},
	chatlistContainer: {
		paddingHorizontal: 10,
	},
	chatemptyContainer: {
		width: "100%",
		height: "80%",
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "center",
	},
	chatemptyText: { fontWeight: "bold", fontSize: 24, paddingBottom: 30 },
	messagingscreen: {
		flex: 1,
	},
	messaginginputContainer: {
		width: "100%",
		minHeight: 100,
		backgroundColor: "white",
		paddingVertical: 30,
		paddingHorizontal: 15,
		justifyContent: "center",
		flexDirection: "row",
	},
	messaginginput: {
		borderWidth: 1,
		padding: 15,
		flex: 1,
		marginRight: 10,
		borderRadius: 20,
	},
	messagingbuttonContainer: {
		width: "30%",
		backgroundColor: "green",
		borderRadius: 3,
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "center",
		borderRadius: 50,
	},
	modalbutton: {
		width: "40%",
		height: 45,
		backgroundColor: "green",
		borderRadius: 5,
		alignItems: "center",
		justifyContent: "center",
		color: "#fff",
	},
	modalbuttonContainer: {
		flexDirection: "row",
		justifyContent: "space-between",
		marginTop: 10,
	},
	modaltext: {
		color: "#fff",
	},
	modalContainer: {
		width: "100%",
		borderTopColor: "#ddd",
		borderTopWidth: 1,
		elevation: 1,
		height: 400,
		backgroundColor: "#fff",
		position: "absolute",
		bottom: 0,
		zIndex: 10,
		paddingVertical: 50,
		paddingHorizontal: 20,
	},
	modalinput: {
		borderWidth: 2,
		padding: 15,
	},
	modalsubheading: {
		fontSize: 20,
		fontWeight: "bold",
		marginBottom: 15,
		textAlign: "center",
	},
	mmessageWrapper: {
		width: "100%",
		alignItems: "flex-start",
		marginBottom: 15,
	},
	mmessage: {
		maxWidth: "50%",
		backgroundColor: "#f5ccc2",
		padding: 15,
		borderRadius: 10,
		marginBottom: 2,
	},
	mvatar: {
		marginRight: 5,
	},
	cchat: {
		width: "100%",
		flexDirection: "row",
		alignItems: "center",
		borderRadius: 5,
		paddingHorizontal: 15,
		backgroundColor: "#fff",
		height: 80,
		marginBottom: 10,
	},
	cavatar: {
		marginRight: 15,
	},
	cusername: {
		fontSize: 18,
		marginBottom: 5,
		fontWeight: "bold",
	},
	cmessage: {
		fontSize: 14,
		opacity: 0.7,
	},
	crightContainer: {
		flexDirection: "row",
		justifyContent: "space-between",
		flex: 1,
	},
	ctime: {
		opacity: 0.5,
	},
});
```

Install React Navigation and its dependencies. [React Navigation](https://reactnavigation.org/) allows us to navigate from one screen to another within a React Native application.

```bash
npm install @react-navigation/native
npx expo install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context
```

### Setting up the Socket.io Node.js server

Here, I will guide you through creating the Socket.io Node.js server for real-time communication with the React Native application.

Create a `server` folder within the project folder.

```bash
cd chat-app
mkdir server
```

Navigate into the server folder and create a `package.json` file.

```bash
cd server & npm init -y
```

Install Express.js, CORS, Nodemon, and Socket.io Server API.

```bash
npm install express cors nodemon socket.io
```

[Express.js](https://expressjs.com/) is a fast, minimalist framework that provides several features for building web applications in Node.js. [CORS](https://www.npmjs.com/package/cors) is a Node.js package that allows communication between different domains.

[Nodemon](https://www.npmjs.com/package/nodemon) is a Node.js tool that automatically restarts the server after detecting file changes, and [Socket.io](https://socket.io/docs/v4/server-api/) allows us to configure a real-time connection on the server.

Create an `index.js` file - the entry point to the Node.js server.

```bash
touch index.js
```

Set up a simple Node.js server using Express.js. The code snippet below returns a JSON object when you visit the `http://localhost:4000/api` in your browser.

```jsx
//👇🏻 index.js
const express = require("express");
const app = express();
const PORT = 4000;

app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
app.use(express.json());

app.get("/api", (req, res) => {
	res.json({
		message: "Hello world",
	});
});

app.listen(PORT, () => {
	console.log(`Server listening on ${PORT}`);
});
```

Import the HTTP and the CORS library to allow data transfer between the client and the server domains.

```jsx
const express = require("express");
const app = express();
const PORT = 4000;

app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
app.use(express.json());

//👇🏻 New imports
const http = require("http").Server(app);
const cors = require("cors");

app.use(cors());

app.get("/api", (req, res) => {
	res.json({
		message: "Hello world",
	});
});

http.listen(PORT, () => {
	console.log(`Server listening on ${PORT}`);
});
```

Next, add Socket.io to the project to create a real-time connection. Before the `app.get()` block, copy the code below:

```jsx
//👇🏻 New imports
.....
const socketIO = require('socket.io')(http, {
    cors: {
        origin: "<http://localhost:3000>"
    }
});

//👇🏻 Add this before the app.get() block
socketIO.on('connection', (socket) => {
    console.log(`⚡: ${socket.id} user just connected!`);

    socket.on('disconnect', () => {
      socket.disconnect()
      console.log('🔥: A user disconnected');
    });
});

```

From the code snippet above, the `socket.io("connection")` function establishes a connection with the React app, then creates a unique ID for each socket and logs the ID to the console whenever you refresh the app.

When you refresh or close the app, the socket fires the disconnect event showing that a user has disconnected from the socket.

Configure Nodemon by adding the start command to the list of scripts in the `package.json` file. The code snippet below starts the server using Nodemon.

```json
//👇🏻 In server/package.json

"scripts": {
    "test": "echo \\"Error: no test specified\\" && exit 1",
    "start": "nodemon index.js"
  },

```

You can now run the server with Nodemon by using the command below.

```bash
npm start
```

## Building the user interface

Here, we'll create the user interface for the chat application to enable users to sign in, create chat rooms, and send messages. The app is divided into three screens - the Login screen, the Chat screen, and the Messaging screen.

![interface](https://manage.novu.co/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/z.gif)

First, let's set up React Navigation.

Create a `screens` folder within the app folder, add the Login, Chat, and Messaging components and render a `"Hello World"` text within them.

```bash
mkdir screens
touch Login.js Chat.js Messaging.js
```

Copy the code below into the `App.js` file within the app folder.

```jsx
import React from "react";

//👇🏻 app screens
import Login from "./screens/Login";
import Messaging from "./screens/Messaging";
import Chat from "./screens/Chat";

//👇🏻 React Navigation configurations
import { NavigationContainer } from "@react-navigation/native";
import { createNativeStackNavigator } from "@react-navigation/native-stack";

const Stack = createNativeStackNavigator();

export default function App() {
	return (
		<NavigationContainer>
			<Stack.Navigator>
				<Stack.Screen
					name='Login'
					component={Login}
					options={{ headerShown: false }}
				/>

				<Stack.Screen
					name='Chat'
					component={Chat}
					options={{
						title: "Chats",
						headerShown: false,
					}}
				/>
				<Stack.Screen name='Messaging' component={Messaging} />
			</Stack.Navigator>
		</NavigationContainer>
	);
}
```

### The Login screen

Copy the code below into the `Login.js` file.

```jsx
import React, { useState } from "react";
import {
	Text,
	SafeAreaView,
	View,
	TextInput,
	Pressable,
	Alert,
} from "react-native";

//👇🏻 Import the app styles
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const Login = ({ navigation }) => {
	const [username, setUsername] = useState("");

	//👇🏻 checks if the input field is empty
	const handleSignIn = () => {
		if (username.trim()) {
			//👇🏻 Logs the username to the console
			console.log({ username });
		} else {
			Alert.alert("Username is required.");
		}
	};

	return (
		<SafeAreaView style={styles.loginscreen}>
			<View style={styles.loginscreen}>
				<Text style={styles.loginheading}>Sign in</Text>
				<View style={styles.logininputContainer}>
					<TextInput
						autoCorrect={false}
						placeholder='Enter your username'
						style={styles.logininput}
						onChangeText={(value) => setUsername(value)}
					/>
				</View>

				<Pressable onPress={handleSignIn} style={styles.loginbutton}>
					<View>
						<Text style={styles.loginbuttonText}>Get Started</Text>
					</View>
				</Pressable>
			</View>
		</SafeAreaView>
	);
};

export default Login;
```

The code snippet accepts the username from the user and logs it on the console.

Let’s update the code and save the username using [Async Storage](https://react-native-async-storage.github.io/async-storage/), so users will not be required to sign in to the application every time they launch the app.

<aside>
💡 [*Async Storage](https://react-native-async-storage.github.io/async-storage/) is a React Native package used to store string data in native applications. It is similar to the local storage on the web and can be used to store tokens and various data in string format.*

</aside>

Run the code below to install Async Storage

```bash
expo install @react-native-async-storage/async-storage
```

Update the `handleSignIn` function to save the username via AsyncStorage.

```jsx
import AsyncStorage from "@react-native-async-storage/async-storage";

const storeUsername = async () => {
		try {
			//👇🏻 async function - saves the username to AsyncStorage
			//   redirecting to the Chat page
			await AsyncStorage.setItem("username", username);
			navigation.navigate("Chat");
		} catch (e) {
			Alert.alert("Error! While saving username");
		}
	};

	const handleSignIn = () => {
		if (username.trim()) {
			//👇🏻 calls AsyncStorage function
			storeUsername();
		} else {
			Alert.alert("Username is required.");
		}
	};
```

### The Chat room

Here, we'll update the user interface for the `Chat` screen to display the available chat rooms, allow users to create one, and navigate to the `Messaging` screen when each room is selected.

![ChatRoom](https://manage.novu.co/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/z.gif)

Copy the code below into the `Chat.js` file.

```jsx
import React from "react";
import { View, Text, Pressable, SafeAreaView, FlatList } from "react-native";
import { Feather } from "@expo/vector-icons";

import ChatComponent from "../component/ChatComponent";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const Chat = () => {

	//👇🏻 Dummy list of rooms
	const rooms = [
		{
			id: "1",
			name: "Novu Hangouts",
			messages: [
				{
					id: "1a",
					text: "Hello guys, welcome!",
					time: "07:50",
					user: "Tomer",
				},
				{
					id: "1b",
					text: "Hi Tomer, thank you! 😇",
					time: "08:50",
					user: "David",
				},
			],
		},
		{
			id: "2",
			name: "Hacksquad Team 1",
			messages: [
				{
					id: "2a",
					text: "Guys, who's awake? 🙏🏽",
					time: "12:50",
					user: "Team Leader",
				},
				{
					id: "2b",
					text: "What's up? 🧑🏻‍💻",
					time: "03:50",
					user: "Victoria",
				},
			],
		},
	];

	return (
		<SafeAreaView style={styles.chatscreen}>
			<View style={styles.chattopContainer}>
				<View style={styles.chatheader}>
					<Text style={styles.chatheading}>Chats</Text>

			{/* 👇🏻 Logs "ButtonPressed" to the console when the icon is clicked */}
					<Pressable onPress={() => console.log("Button Pressed!")}>
						<Feather name='edit' size={24} color='green' />
					</Pressable>
				</View>
			</View>

			<View style={styles.chatlistContainer}>
				{rooms.length > 0 ? (
					<FlatList
						data={rooms}
						renderItem={({ item }) => <ChatComponent item={item} />}
						keyExtractor={(item) => item.id}
					/>
				) : (
					<View style={styles.chatemptyContainer}>
						<Text style={styles.chatemptyText}>No rooms created!</Text>
						<Text>Click the icon above to create a Chat room</Text>
					</View>
				)}
			</View>
		</SafeAreaView>
	);
};

export default Chat;
```

- From the code snippet above:
    - I created a dummy list of rooms, then rendered them through a [FlatList](https://reactnative.dev/docs/flatlist) into the `ChatComponent`.(*yet to be created*)
    - Since the rooms can either be empty or populated, the conditional statement determines the component to display.


![Code Snippet](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/d8wxiyoqtttftbtk1g69.png)

Next, create the `ChatComponent` within a component folder. It represents a preview of each chat name, time, the last message sent and redirects users to the `Messaging` component when clicked. 

Copy the code below into the `components/ChatComponent.js` file.

```jsx
import { View, Text, Pressable } from "react-native";
import React, { useLayoutEffect, useState } from "react";
import { Ionicons } from "@expo/vector-icons";
import { useNavigation } from "@react-navigation/native";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const ChatComponent = ({ item }) => {
	const navigation = useNavigation();
	const [messages, setMessages] = useState({});

	//👇🏻 Retrieves the last message in the array from the item prop
	useLayoutEffect(() => {
		setMessages(item.messages[item.messages.length - 1]);
	}, []);

	///👇🏻 Navigates to the Messaging screen
	const handleNavigation = () => {
		navigation.navigate("Messaging", {
			id: item.id,
			name: item.name,
		});
	};

	return (
		<Pressable style={styles.cchat} onPress={handleNavigation}>
			<Ionicons
				name='person-circle-outline'
				size={45}
				color='black'
				style={styles.cavatar}
			/>

			<View style={styles.crightContainer}>
				<View>
					<Text style={styles.cusername}>{item.name}</Text>

					<Text style={styles.cmessage}>
						{messages?.text ? messages.text : "Tap to start chatting"}
					</Text>
				</View>
				<View>
					<Text style={styles.ctime}>
						{messages?.time ? messages.time : "now"}
					</Text>
				</View>
			</View>
		</Pressable>
	);
};

export default ChatComponent;
```

Congratulations💃🏻! We can now display the list of rooms and redirect the user the `Messaging` screen.

Before we proceed, let's create a custom Modal component that allows users to create a new group (room) when we press the header icon.

![Before](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/oj8kfx666h5mc0hg0d3d.png)

Create a `Modal.js` file within the components folder, import it into the Chat screen and toggle it whenever we press the header icon.

```jsx
import React from "react";
import { View, Text, Pressable, SafeAreaView, FlatList } from "react-native";
import { Feather } from "@expo/vector-icons";
import ChatComponent from "../component/ChatComponent";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

//👇🏻 The Modal component
import Modal from "../component/Modal";

const Chat = () => {
	const [visible, setVisible] = useState(false);

	//...other variables
	return (
		<SafeAreaView style={styles.chatscreen}>
			<View style={styles.chattopContainer}>
				<View style={styles.chatheader}>
					<Text style={styles.chatheading}>Chats</Text>

					{/* Displays the Modal component when clicked */}
					<Pressable onPress={() => setVisible(true)}>
						<Feather name='edit' size={24} color='green' />
					</Pressable>
				</View>
			</View>

			<View style={styles.chatlistContainer}>...</View>
			{/*
				Pass setVisible as prop in order to toggle 
				the display within the Modal component.
			*/}
			{visible ? <Modal setVisible={setVisible} /> : ""}
		</SafeAreaView>
	);
};

export default Chat;
```

Copy the code below into the `Modal.js` file.

```jsx
import { View, Text, TextInput, Pressable } from "react-native";
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const Modal = ({ setVisible }) => {
	const [groupName, setGroupName] = useState("");

	//👇🏻 Function that closes the Modal component
	const closeModal = () => setVisible(false);

	//👇🏻 Logs the group name to the console
	const handleCreateRoom = () => {
		console.log({ groupName });
		closeModal();
	};
	return (
		<View style={styles.modalContainer}>
			<Text style={styles.modalsubheading}>Enter your Group name</Text>
			<TextInput
				style={styles.modalinput}
				placeholder='Group name'
				onChangeText={(value) => setGroupName(value)}
			/>

			<View style={styles.modalbuttonContainer}>
				<Pressable style={styles.modalbutton} onPress={handleCreateRoom}>
					<Text style={styles.modaltext}>CREATE</Text>
				</Pressable>
				<Pressable
					style={[styles.modalbutton, { backgroundColor: "#E14D2A" }]}
					onPress={closeModal}
				>
					<Text style={styles.modaltext}>CANCEL</Text>
				</Pressable>
			</View>
		</View>
	);
};

export default Modal;
```

### The Messaging screen

Copy the code below into the `Messaging.js` file.

```jsx
import React, { useLayoutEffect, useState } from "react";
import { View, TextInput, Text, FlatList, Pressable } from "react-native";
import AsyncStorage from "@react-native-async-storage/async-storage";
import MessageComponent from "../component/MessageComponent";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const Messaging = ({ route, navigation }) => {
	const [chatMessages, setChatMessages] = useState([
		{
			id: "1",
			text: "Hello guys, welcome!",
			time: "07:50",
			user: "Tomer",
		},
		{
			id: "2",
			text: "Hi Tomer, thank you! 😇",
			time: "08:50",
			user: "David",
		},
	]);
	const [message, setMessage] = useState("");
	const [user, setUser] = useState("");

	//👇🏻 Access the chatroom's name and id
	const { name, id } = route.params;

//👇🏻 This function gets the username saved on AsyncStorage
	const getUsername = async () => {
		try {
			const value = await AsyncStorage.getItem("username");
			if (value !== null) {
				setUser(value);
			}
		} catch (e) {
			console.error("Error while loading username!");
		}
	};

	//👇🏻 Sets the header title to the name chatroom's name
	useLayoutEffect(() => {
		navigation.setOptions({ title: name });
		getUsername()
	}, []);

	/*👇🏻 
		This function gets the time the user sends a message, then 
		logs the username, message, and the timestamp to the console.
	 */
	const handleNewMessage = () => {
		const hour =
			new Date().getHours() < 10
				? `0${new Date().getHours()}`
				: `${new Date().getHours()}`;

		const mins =
			new Date().getMinutes() < 10
				? `0${new Date().getMinutes()}`
				: `${new Date().getMinutes()}`;

		console.log({
			message,
			user,
			timestamp: { hour, mins },
		});
	};

	return (
		<View style={styles.messagingscreen}>
			<View
				style={[
					styles.messagingscreen,
					{ paddingVertical: 15, paddingHorizontal: 10 },
				]}
			>
				{chatMessages[0] ? (
					<FlatList
						data={chatMessages}
						renderItem={({ item }) => (
							<MessageComponent item={item} user={user} />
						)}
						keyExtractor={(item) => item.id}
					/>
				) : (
					""
				)}
			</View>

			<View style={styles.messaginginputContainer}>
				<TextInput
					style={styles.messaginginput}
					onChangeText={(value) => setMessage(value)}
				/>
				<Pressable
					style={styles.messagingbuttonContainer}
					onPress={handleNewMessage}
				>
					<View>
						<Text style={{ color: "#f2f0f1", fontSize: 20 }}>SEND</Text>
					</View>
				</Pressable>
			</View>
		</View>
	);
};

export default Messaging;
```

The code snippet above renders the messages in each chatroom via the `MessageComponent` component. 

Create the `MessageComponent` file and copy the code below into the file:

```jsx
import { View, Text } from "react-native";
import React from "react";
import { Ionicons } from "@expo/vector-icons";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

export default function MessageComponent({ item, user }) {
	const status = item.user !== user;

	return (
		<View>
			<View
				style={
					status
						? styles.mmessageWrapper
						: [styles.mmessageWrapper, { alignItems: "flex-end" }]
				}
			>
				<View style={{ flexDirection: "row", alignItems: "center" }}>
					<Ionicons
						name='person-circle-outline'
						size={30}
						color='black'
						style={styles.mavatar}
					/>
					<View
						style={
							status
								? styles.mmessage
								: [styles.mmessage, { backgroundColor: "rgb(194, 243, 194)" }]
						}
					>
						<Text>{item.text}</Text>
					</View>
				</View>
				<Text style={{ marginLeft: 40 }}>{item.time}</Text>
			</View>
		</View>
	);
}
```

From the code snippet above, the `status` variable checks if the user key on the message is the same as the current user so as to determine how to align the messages.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/ks89kg6h1f86pacpklk1.png)

We've now completed the user interface for the application!🎊 Next, let's learn how to communicate with the Socket.io server, create chat rooms, and send messages in real time via Socket.io.

## Creating chat rooms with Socket.io in React Native

In this section, I'll guide you through creating chat rooms on the Socket.io server and displaying them on the app.

Update the `Modal.js` file to send a message to the server when we create a new chat room.

```jsx
import { View, Text, TextInput, Pressable } from "react-native";
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

//👇🏻 Import socket from the socket.js file in utils folder
import socket from "../utils/socket";

const Modal = ({ setVisible }) => {
	const closeModal = () => setVisible(false);
	const [groupName, setGroupName] = useState("");

	const handleCreateRoom = () => {
		//👇🏻 sends a message containing the group name to the server
		socket.emit("createRoom", groupName);
		closeModal();
	};
	return (
		<View style={styles.modalContainer}>
			<Text style={styles.modalsubheading}>Enter your Group name</Text>
			<TextInput
				style={styles.modalinput}
				placeholder='Group name'
				onChangeText={(value) => setGroupName(value)}
			/>
			<View style={styles.modalbuttonContainer}>
				{/* 👇🏻 The create button triggers the function*/}
				<Pressable style={styles.modalbutton} onPress={handleCreateRoom}>
					<Text style={styles.modaltext}>CREATE</Text>
				</Pressable>
				
				<Pressable
					style={[styles.modalbutton, { backgroundColor: "#E14D2A" }]}
					onPress={closeModal}
				>
					<Text style={styles.modaltext}>CANCEL</Text>
				</Pressable>
			</View>
		</View>
	);
};

export default Modal;
```

Create a listener on the backend server that saves the group name to an array and returns the whole list.

```jsx
//👇🏻 Generates random string as the ID
const generateID = () => Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 10);

let chatRooms = [
	//👇🏻 Here is the data structure of each chatroom
	// {
	// 	id: generateID(),
	// 	name: "Novu Hangouts",
	// 	messages: [
	// 		{
	// 			id: generateID(),
	// 			text: "Hello guys, welcome!",
	// 			time: "07:50",
	// 			user: "Tomer",
	// 		},
	// 		{
	// 			id: generateID(),
	// 			text: "Hi Tomer, thank you! 😇",
	// 			time: "08:50",
	// 			user: "David",
	// 		},
	// 	],
	// },
];

socketIO.on("connection", (socket) => {
	console.log(`⚡: ${socket.id} user just connected!`);

	socket.on("createRoom", (roomName) => {
		socket.join(roomName);
		//👇🏻 Adds the new group name to the chat rooms array
		chatRooms.unshift({ id: generateID(), roomName, messages: [] });
		//👇🏻 Returns the updated chat rooms via another event
		socket.emit("roomsList", chatRooms);
	});

	socket.on("disconnect", () => {
		socket.disconnect();
		console.log("🔥: A user disconnected");
	});
});
```

Also, return the chat room list via the API route as below:

```jsx
app.get("/api", (req, res) => {
    res.json(chatRooms);
});
```

Update the `Chat.js` file to fetch and listen to the `roomsList` from the server and display the chat rooms.

```jsx
const [rooms, setRooms] = useState([]);

//👇🏻 Runs when the component mounts
useLayoutEffect(() => {
    function fetchGroups() {
        fetch("http://localhost:4000/api")
            .then((res) => res.json())
            .then((data) => setRooms(data))
            .catch((err) => console.error(err));
    }
    fetchGroups();
}, []);

//👇🏻 Runs whenever there is new trigger from the backend
useEffect(() => {
    socket.on("roomsList", (rooms) => {
        setRooms(rooms);
    });
}, [socket]);
```

## Sending messages via Socket.io in React Native

In the previous section, we were able to create new chat rooms, save them in an array on the server, and display them within the app. Here, we'll update the chat room messages by adding new messages to the sub-array.

### How to display the chat room messages

Recall that the id of each chat room is passed into the Messaging component. Now, let's send the id to the server via Socket.io when the screen loads.

```jsx
import React, { useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useState } from "react";
import { View, TextInput, Text, FlatList, Pressable } from "react-native";
import socket from "../utils/socket";
import MessageComponent from "../component/MessageComponent";
import { styles } from "../utils/styles";

const Messaging = ({ route, navigation }) => {
	//👇🏻 The id passed
	const { name, id } = route.params;

//...other functions

	useLayoutEffect(() => {
		navigation.setOptions({ title: name });

		//👇🏻 Sends the id to the server to fetch all its messages
		socket.emit("findRoom", id);
	}, []);

	return <View style={styles.messagingscreen}>...</View>;
};

export default Messaging;
```

Create the event listener on the server.

```jsx
socket.on("findRoom", (id) => {
	//👇🏻 Filters the array by the ID
	let result = chatRooms.filter((room) => room.id == id);
	//👇🏻 Sends the messages to the app
	socket.emit("foundRoom", result[0].messages);
});
```

Next, listen to the `foundRoom` event and display the messages to the user.

```jsx
//👇🏻 This runs only initial mount
useLayoutEffect(() => {
	navigation.setOptions({ title: name });
	socket.emit("findRoom", id);
	socket.on("foundRoom", (roomChats) => setChatMessages(roomChats));
}, []);

//👇🏻 This runs when the messages are updated.
useEffect(() => {
	socket.on("foundRoom", (roomChats) => setChatMessages(roomChats));
}, [socket])
```

### How to create new messages

To create new messages, we need to update the `handleNewMessage` function to send message property to the server and add it to the `messages` array.

```jsx
const handleNewMessage = () => {
	const hour =
		new Date().getHours() < 10
			? `0${new Date().getHours()}`
			: `${new Date().getHours()}`;

	const mins =
		new Date().getMinutes() < 10
			? `0${new Date().getMinutes()}`
			: `${new Date().getMinutes()}`;

	socket.emit("newMessage", {
		message,
		room_id: id,
		user,
		timestamp: { hour, mins },
	});
};
```

Listen to the event on the server and update the `chatRoom` array.

```jsx
socket.on("newMessage", (data) => {
    //👇🏻 Destructures the property from the object
    const { room_id, message, user, timestamp } = data;

    //👇🏻 Finds the room where the message was sent
    let result = chatRooms.filter((room) => room.id == room_id);

    //👇🏻 Create the data structure for the message
    const newMessage = {
        id: generateID(),
        text: message,
        user,
        time: `${timestamp.hour}:${timestamp.mins}`,
    };
    //👇🏻 Updates the chatroom messages
    socket.to(result[0].name).emit("roomMessage", newMessage);
    result[0].messages.push(newMessage);

    //👇🏻 Trigger the events to reflect the new changes
    socket.emit("roomsList", chatRooms);
    socket.emit("foundRoom", result[0].messages);
});
```

## Conclusion

So far, you've learnt how to set up Socket.io in a React Native and Node.js application, save data with Async Storage and communicate between a server and the Expo app via Socket.io.

Socket.io is a great tool with excellent features that enables us to build efficient real-time applications like sports betting websites, [auction and forex trading applications](https://dev.to/novu/how-to-build-a-real-time-auction-system-with-socketio-and-reactjs-3ble), and of course, [chat applications](https://dev.to/novu/building-a-chat-app-with-socketio-and-react-2edj) by creating lasting connections with a Node.js server.

Feel free to improve the application by:

- adding authentication
- saving the token with Async Storage
- adding a real-time database for the messages, and
- adding push notifications with the [expo notification](https://docs.expo.dev/push-notifications/overview/) package.

The source code for this tutorial is available here:

[https://github.com/novuhq/blog/tree/main/chat-app-reactnative-socketIO](https://github.com/novuhq/blog/tree/main/chat-app-reactnative-socketIO)

Thank you for reading!💃🏻

**P.S** Novu is sending awesome swag on Hacktoberfest! Come and participate! Happy if you can support us by giving us a star! ⭐️
https://github.com/novuhq/novu