An introduction to Database - swapnakpanda
Published: 2022-10-18 15:05:49

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An introduction to

     ➤  Database
     ➤  DBMS
          ❍  SQL
          ❍  NoSQL
     ➤  DBaaS

A beginner-friendly guide.

⇩ 

###➊  What is Data?

Data are
   ❯  individual facts
   ❯  statistics
   ❯  items of information 

####➊.➀  Relationship with a Program and Software

All the software can be divided into two major categories.

   ➤  Program
   ➤  Data

Programs are collections of instructions that are used to manipulate data. 

####➊.➁  Data Categories

Data can be broadly categorized into 3 categories based on its format.

   ➤  Structured
   ➤  Unstructured
   ➤  Semi-Structured 

➊.➁.➀ Structured Data

⬘ Structured Data aka "Quantitative Data" is the data which
   ❯  has a well-defined structure
   ❯  conforms to a data model
   ❯  can be easily accessed and, used

⬗ Structured data accounts for only about 20% of data.

⬙ Examples: Name, Address 


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➊.➁.➁ Unstructured Data

⬘ Unstructured Data aka "Qualitative Data" is the data which
   ❯  does not have any predefined data model
   ❯  cannot be processed by conventional tools

⬗ Unstructured data accounts for about 80% of data.

⬙ Examples: Text Files, Audio/Videos 

➊.➁.➂ Semi-structured Data

⬘ Semi-structured data is the “bridge” between structured and unstructured data.

⬗ It does not have a predefined data model and is more complex than structured data, yet easier to store than unstructured data.

⬙ Mostly in JSON/XML/CSV formats. 

###➋  What is a Database?

A database is ❝anorganizedd collection of data❞

   ❯  stored in a computer system so that
   ❯  it can be easily accessed and managed 

####➋.➀  Database Model

⬘  A database model is a data model that determines the logical structure of a database.

⬗  It fundamentally determines how data can be stored, organized, and manipulated. 

⬙  One popular database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format.

⬖  Other types of models include

    ➤  Document (JSON/XML)
    ➤  Key-Value
    ➤  Wide Column
    ➤  Graph
    ➤  Time Series 


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###➌  What is DBMS?

⬘  DBMS stands for Database Management System.

⬗  DBMS is the software that is used to manage a database (whereas a database is for storage).

⬙  A DBMS interacts with
    ❯  end users
    ❯  applications
    ❯  database 

⬖  A DBMS would typically take care of

    ❯  AuthN &amp; AuthZ
    ❯  Create, Modify, Delete Database
    ❯  Create, Modify, Delete Database Objects
    ❯  Create, Modify, Delete Data
    ❯  Query Data
    ❯  Handle transactions 

####➌.➀  DBMS Categories

⬘ Broadly DBMS are categorized into

    ➤  Relational DBMS (RDBMS)
    ➤  NoSQL

⬗ RDBMS handles relational models and manages structured data.

⬙ NoSQL comes with various database models and manages both unstructured and semi-structured data. 

####➌.➁  Examples 

![Twitter Image 0](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FeTiUwragAEt7bY.jpg) 

###➍  What is DBaaS?

Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) is a ❝managed cloud service model❞

that lets users and companies

  ❯  easily access database services

without worrying about

  ❯  managing software or infrastructure. 

####➍.➀  How does DBaaS work?

⬘  DBaaS providers host all your database infrastructure and data while enabling access through API endpoints.

⬙  The provider is responsible for
    ❯  Rapid Provisioning
    ❯  Scalability
    ❯  Failover
    ❯  Resiliency
    ❯  Backup
etc. 

####➍.➁  Examples

    ➤  MongoDB Atlas
    ➤  Amazon RDS
    ➤  Firestore
    ➤  Fauna
    ➤  Supabase 





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