Create a password generator with Vanilla JS, Html and css
Tags: javascript, beginners, tutorial, html
Published: 2022-08-18 00:52:22

**Note worthy 📝**

- This article assumes that you already know basic [html](https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp), [Css](https://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp) and [Javascript](https://www.w3schools.com/js/default.asp).

**Let's Start**

- First open up your favorite code editor...I use Vs code, you could use any that your familiar with

- Create a folder with the project name which we would call 

`password-generator`.

- Open the folder and create the `index.html` file for our markup.

- Using the emmet key of `shift key + !` you would get something like this 

```
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    
</body>
</html>
```
In the body tag create the skeleton of the page that looks like this 

```
    <div class="container">
      <h2>Password Generator</h2>
      <div class="result-container">
        <span id="result"></span>
        <button class="btn" id="clipboard">
          <i class="far fa-clipboard"></i>
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="settings">
        <div class="setting">
          <label>Password length</label>
          <input type="number" id="length" min="4" max="20" value="20" />
        </div>
        <div class="setting">
          <label>Include uppercase letters</label>
          <input type="checkbox" id="uppercase" checked />
        </div>
        <div class="setting">
          <label>Include lowercase letters</label>
          <input type="checkbox" id="lowercase" checked />
        </div>
        <div class="setting">
          <label>Include numbers</label>
          <input type="checkbox" id="numbers" checked />
        </div>
        <div class="setting">
          <label>Include symbols</label>
          <input type="checkbox" id="symbols" checked />
        </div>
      </div>
      <button class="btn btn-large" id="generate">Generate password</button>
    </div>
```
 

- Then we move to the CSS for styling

- Create a new file and name it `style.css`

- Now link the CSS file to the html page by attaching `<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />` in the `<head> tag`

we would set Our CSS box and body properties now

```
* {
	box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
	background-image: linear-gradient(110deg, #f01313, rgb(97, 167, 18));
	color: #fff;
	display: flex;
    font-family: 'Varela Round', sans-serif;
    flex-direction: column;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	padding: 10px;
	min-height: 100vh;
	overflow: hidden;
}
```

- I used a linear gradient, you could play around wirh the colors tho.

- Set the `p`, `h` and `input` tags to your preferred style

```
p {
	margin: 5px 0;
}

h2 {
	margin: 10px 0 20px;
	text-align: center;
}

input[type=checkbox] {
	margin-right: 0;
}
```
Now the rest of the styling

```
.container {
	background-image: linear-gradient(110deg, rgb(58, 18, 167), #d74242);
	box-shadow: 0px 5px 10px rgba(227, 212, 212, 0.338);
	padding: 20px;
	width: 350px;
	max-width: 100%;
}

.result-container {
	background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
	display: flex;
	justify-content: flex-start;
	align-items: center;
	position: relative;
	font-size: 18px;
	letter-spacing: 1px;
	padding: 12px 10px;
	height: 50px;
	width: 100%;
}

.result-container #result {
  	word-wrap: break-word;
	max-width: calc(100% - 40px);
}

.result-container .btn {
	font-size: 20px;
	position: absolute;
	top: 5px;
	right: 5px;
	height: 40px;
	width: 40px;
}

.btn {
	border: none;
	color: #fff;
	cursor: pointer;
	font-size: 16px;
	padding: 8px 12px;
	background-color: #4a244a;
}

.btn-large {
	display: block;
	width: 100%;
}

.setting {
	display: flex;
	justify-content: space-between;
	align-items: center;
	margin: 15px 0;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 400px) {
	.result-container {
		font-size: 14px;
	}
}
```

- We are done with the styling... initiate more design ides were possible

Now we move to the Javascript

- Create a file named `app.js` and link it to the html at the bottom of the page in between the closing `</body>` and `</html>` tags, like:

```
<script src="main.js"></script>
```

 

- In the `app.js` file, we first manipulate the DOM by getting the elements by the Id names in the html:

```
const resultEl = document.getElementById('result');
const lengthEl = document.getElementById('length');
const uppercaseEl = document.getElementById('uppercase');
const lowercaseEl = document.getElementById('lowercase');
const numbersEl = document.getElementById('numbers');
const symbolsEl = document.getElementById('symbols');
const generateEl = document.getElementById('generate');
const clipboard = document.getElementById('clipboard');
```
 Now we have to make the styled page to be a working active page 

```
const randomFunc = {
	lower: getRandomLower,
	upper: getRandomUpper,
	number: getRandomNumber,
	symbol: getRandomSymbol
}

clipboard.addEventListener('click', () => {
	const textarea = document.createElement('textarea');
	const password = resultEl.innerText;
	
	if(!password) { return; }
	
	textarea.value = password;
	document.body.appendChild(textarea);
	textarea.select();
	document.execCommand('copy');
	textarea.remove();
	alert('Password copied to clipboard');
});

generate.addEventListener('click', () => {
	const length = +lengthEl.value;
	const hasLower = lowercaseEl.checked;
	const hasUpper = uppercaseEl.checked;
	const hasNumber = numbersEl.checked;
	const hasSymbol = symbolsEl.checked;
	
	resultEl.innerText = generatePassword(hasLower, hasUpper, hasNumber, hasSymbol, length);
});

function generatePassword(lower, upper, number, symbol, length) {
	let generatedPassword = '';
	const typesCount = lower + upper + number + symbol;
	const typesArr = [{lower}, {upper}, {number}, {symbol}].filter(item => Object.values(item)[0]);
	
	// Doesn't have a selected type
	if(typesCount === 0) {
		return '';
	}
	
	// create a loop
	for(let i=0; i<length; i+=typesCount) {
		typesArr.forEach(type => {
			const funcName = Object.keys(type)[0];
			generatedPassword += randomFunc[funcName]();
		});
	}
	
	const finalPassword = generatedPassword.slice(0, length);
	
	return finalPassword;
}

function getRandomLower() {
	return String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 26) + 97);
}

function getRandomUpper() {
	return String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 26) + 65);
}

function getRandomNumber() {
	return +String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) + 48);
}

function getRandomSymbol() {
	const symbols = '!@#$%^&*(){}[]=<>/,.'
	return symbols[Math.floor(Math.random() * symbols.length)];
}

```

- First we create Event listeners for the clipboard and buttons... wait I forgot to attach the font awesome code for the clipboard.
Here it is <script
  src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/db3fa2690b.js"
  crossorigin="anonymous"
></script>  to be attached before or after the other `<script>` tag in the html

- Now the clipboard

```
clipboard.addEventListener('click', () => {
	const textarea = document.createElement('textarea');
	const password = resultEl.innerText;
	
	if(!password) { return; }
	
	textarea.value = password;
	document.body.appendChild(textarea);
	textarea.select();
	document.execCommand('copy');
	textarea.remove();
	alert('Password copied to clipboard');
});
```
Then we add Event listeners to the generate button, here we created a `const` variable with the value that 

1. Checks the length of the password
2. Put a check mark on the `lowercaseEl`, `uppercaseEl`, `numbersEl`, `symbolsEl` elements with a value of `checked`

```
generate.addEventListener('click', () => {
	const length = +lengthEl.value;
	const hasLower = lowercaseEl.checked;
	const hasUpper = uppercaseEl.checked;
	const hasNumber = numbersEl.checked;
	const hasSymbol = symbolsEl.checked;
	
	resultEl.innerText = generatePassword(hasLower, hasUpper, hasNumber, hasSymbol, length);
});
```

- Now we write a function that generates random password

```
function generatePassword(lower, upper, number, symbol, length) {
	let generatedPassword = '';
	const typesCount = lower + upper + number + symbol;
	const typesArr = [{lower}, {upper}, {number}, {symbol}].filter(item => Object.values(item)[0]);
	
	// Doesn't have a selected type
	if(typesCount === 0) {
		return '';
	}
	
	// create a loop
	for(let i=0; i<length; i+=typesCount) {
		typesArr.forEach(type => {
			const funcName = Object.keys(type)[0];
			generatedPassword += randomFunc[funcName]();
		});
	}
	
	const finalPassword = generatedPassword.slice(0, length);
	
	return finalPassword;
}
```
Now create random numbers from the character code encoding

```
function getRandomLower() {
	return String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 26) + 97);
}

function getRandomUpper() {
	return String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 26) + 65);
}

function getRandomNumber() {
	return +String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) + 48);
}

function getRandomSymbol() {
	const symbols = '!@#$%^&*(){}[]=<>/,.'
	return symbols[Math.floor(Math.random() * symbols.length)];
}
```

- We have to get back to the top now and create a new variable object that stores the random function

```
const randomFunc = {
	lower: getRandomLower,
	upper: getRandomUpper,
	number: getRandomNumber,
	symbol: getRandomSymbol
}
```

**Hurray 🥳**
- Now we've successfully built a password generator... this is one of my first projects in my coding journey
So I decided to share it here 


Check out the source on GitHub: https://github.com/JasonOboti/Password-Generator 

If you followed along you should have something like this

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/n1r3ejtbvtqu43n55mj5.png)