What is the Web?
Tags: webdev, html, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-01-22 11:31:57

The web is also known as the World Wide Web or WWW. It was invented in the year 1989 by the British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee. With the help of the internet, many peoples access the web through a web browser with their computer or other devices. A web page is a document that is written in a language called HTML. Here web browser understands the HTML and displays a web page. HTML supports graphics, audio, and video files. The HTTP protocol (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used to transfer data and share information on the web.

**The web has three versions:**

* Web 1.0
    
* Web 2.0
    
* Web 3.0
    

# What is the server?

A server is a software or hardware device that accepts and responds to requests made by another computer on a network. Another computer that requests and responds to the server is called the client. A Web Server consists of hardware and software that the web user requested WWW (World Wide Web) and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) respond to the web server.

**Some web server software:**

* Apache web server
    
* Nginx
    
* Boa Web Server
    
* FoxServ Web Server
    
* Lighttpd
    
* Microsoft Web Server
    
* Savant
    
* Tomcat
    

# Apache Web Server

Apache server also called the Apache HTTP server project or Apache, is a robust, commercial-grade, feature-rich, free, and open-source HTTP web server. It was launched in 1995. It is developed by the ASF (Apache Software Foundation)

# Apache Live server

The live server is a little development server with live reload capability. It is used to run your HTML, CSS, and Javascript files into the local server, but not for deploying the final site.

Two reasons for using a live server:

* After changes on the file, the page reloads automatically. It saves time in development.
    
* With help of some Extention or commands live server is available on IDE.
    

live server extension on VS Code. It is developed by Ritwick Dey. It was launched in the year 2018.

# What is HTML?

HTML is an acronym that stands for (Hyper Text Markup Language) which is used for creating web pages and web applications. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in the year 1993.

* Hyper Text: It means "Text within Text". It helps to link two or more web pages with each other.
    
* Markup Language: It tells the web browser how to display text, images, and other forms of multimedia on a webpage.
    

Note: The HTML file should be saved with a **.html** extension.

# Most used HTML Tags:

HTML tags are used in every place of code. These tags tell the browser what type of data is displayed.

## DOCTYPE

Before we start writing an HTML code we need to declare the document type at the beginning of the text file `<!DOCTYPE html>`. It should be written without any content inside it or breaking up. Anything that comes before the computer cannot recognize this declaration.

## HTML Tag

It tells the browser that this is an HTML document. Inside this tag all other HTML tags except `<!DOCTYPE>`.

## Head Tag

The `<head>` the tag contains metadata (data that describes data) contains which is machine readable like title, script, and style sheets.

## Title Tag

The `<title>` tag is used to add a title to the HTML page which shows at the top of the web page title bar or a page's tab. Tags inside the title tag are ignored.

## **Body Tag**

The `<body>` tag is used to represent content present inside an HTML page that is visible to us.

#### What if?

In HTML(v. 4.0.1) it is mandatory to include a `<body>` tag inside an HTML document but in HTML5 it is not necessary. But from a developer's perspective, it is good to include a `<body>` tag inside the document to structure it.

```xml
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Website Title</title>
</head>
<body>
     Example of an HTML file</body>
</html>
```

## Heading Tag

It is used to represent the main heading of a webpage or a paragraph so that the user can understand what the paragraph is about. It contains six levels. `<h1>` is the highest level and `<h6>` its lowest level.

```xml
<h1> Highest level </h1>
<h2>...
<h3>...
<h4>...
<h5>...
<h6> Lowest level </h6>
```

## Paragraph Tag

The `<p>` tag represents a paragraph. Paragraphs are block-level elements.

```xml
<p> I am paragraph tag </p>
```

## Image Tag

An image tag is used to display an image on a web page. The image tag contains the source and attributes.

* **src:** It contains the source or path of the image.
    
* **alt**: It is an alternate text, if a browser can't display the image then it will show the text.
    

```xml
<img src="image URL" alt="I am src image"/>
```

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