Scraping Google SERP with Geolocation
Tags: webdev, webscraping, python, tutorial
Published: 2022-12-08 11:46:06

Google Search Engine Result Pages (SERP) 🔍 are an important source of information for many businesses. SERP includes organic search results, ads, products, places, knowledge graphs, etc. For example, by scraping Google SERP you can learn which brands have paid ads for specific keywords or analyze how your website is positioned.

One of the most important factors affecting what the user can see on a keyword's SERP is geolocation 🗺. We'll show you how to scrape Google SERP for a keyword from any location, regardless of the origin of your IP address. This can be done simply by setting search URL query parameters. It's also possible to parametrize and automate scraping 🤖 using a python script we share below.

## Google Search URL​

Let's start with a basic Google search query for a keyword.

The URL for Google search is https://www.google.com/search and the keyword is provided in q query parameter. The keyword must be [URL encoded](https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_urlencode.ASP).

An example URL for `kitchen sink` keyword is https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink.

## Geolocation​

To add geolocation to the search URL, you just have to add two query parameters:

- `uule` for specific location and
- `gl` for country.

The URL for `kitchen sink` keyword results from the United States would be: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICINVW5pdGVkIFN0YXRlcw&gl=us.

A few examples for other countries and locations:

- India: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICIFSW5kaWE&gl=in
- Brazil: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICIGQnJhemls&gl=br
- Germany: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICIHR2VybWFueQ&gl=de
- California, United States: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICIYQ2FsaWZvcm5pYSxVbml0ZWQgU3RhdGVz&gl=us
- New York City, United States: https://www.google.com/search?q=kitchen+sink&uule=w+CAIQICIfTmV3IFlvcmssTmV3IFlvcmssVW5pdGVkIFN0YXRlcw&gl=us

You can confirm that the results are from the desired location in the footer.

![Location footer](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/gq6p2ncitm5y28ifnpfr.png)

Using this method, you can even find local businesses that appear in Google SERP for a specific location. For example, coffee shops in San Francisco, California, United States: https://www.google.com/search?q=coffee+shop&uule=w+CAIQICImU2FuIEZyYW5jaXNjbyxDYWxpZm9ybmlhLFVuaXRlZCBTdGF0ZXM&gl=us.

![Google SERP coffee shops](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/1wzwn813iis7eplncho9.png)

For the URL above you will see results as if you were in San Francisco, CA regardless of your actual location (country origin of your IP address).

## Generate values for geolocation query params​

Now, how do you know what value to set for `uule` and `gl` query parameters?

The `gl` param is fairly straightforward as it corresponds to country code. Here is the full list of all available countries: https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results_appendices#countryCodes.

The `uule` param is more tricky. To manually generate `uule` for desired location, you can use this online tool: https://site-analyzer.pro/services-seo/uule/. A list of all available locations is provided in this CSV file in Canonical Name column: https://developers.google.com/static/adwords/api/docs/appendix/geo/geotargets-2022-09-14.csv.

There's a fairly simple algorithm behind generating uule parameter. It involves a fixed prefix, a special key which depends on location string length, and base64 encoding. If you're interested, here is a blog post from MOZ (a SEO tool) which describes it in detail: https://moz.com/blog/geolocation-the-ultimate-tip-to-emulate-local-search.
If you need to automate uule parameter generation, there's a python package for this: https://github.com/ogun/uule_grabber. It generates uule value for you given the location string. Example usage:

```python
import uule_grabber
print(uule_grabber.uule("Lezigne,Pays de la Loire,France"))
```

We will use it later in a script to automate Google SERP web scraping with geolocation.

## Result page language​

The result page language (host language) is another parameter which might be relevant. You set the language in `hl` query param.

For example, the URL for coffee shops in San Francisco in Spanish would be: https://www.google.com/search?q=coffee+shop&uule=w+CAIQICImU2FuIEZyYW5jaXNjbyxDYWxpZm9ybmlhLFVuaXRlZCBTdGF0ZXM&gl=us&hl=es.

![Google SERP coffee shops Spanish](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/m3thw1mevdr85kx9n9jf.png)

This parameter only affects text displayed by Google on its result page. If you search for an english keyword and the result link is in English, Google will not translate the result description (text snippet you see under the link) if you set a different language in the `hl` parameter.

Here is the full list of all supported language codes: https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results_appendices#interfaceLanguages.

## Python code for automated scraping​

Localization of Google SERP is very useful in web scraping and SEO analytics. Below we provide python code which scrapes Google SERP for given keyword with geolocation. To run it, you have to install dependencies: `pip install requests uule_grabber`

```python
from urllib.parse import quote_plus

import requests
import uule_grabber


def main(api_key, keyword, location, country, language, output):
    # encode search query
    keyword = quote_plus(keyword)
    # grab `uule` based for location string
    uule = uule_grabber.uule(location)
    # full url for desired Google SERP
    search_url = f"https://www.google.com/search?q={keyword}&uule={uule}&gl={country}&hl={language}"
    # Scraping Fish API url
    url_prefix = f"https://scraping.narf.ai/api/v1/?api_key={api_key}&url="
    # send GET request
    response = requests.get(f"{url_prefix}{quote_plus(search_url)}", timeout=90)
    with open(output, "wb") as f:
        # save response to file
        f.write(response.content)
        print(f"Result saved to {output}")


main(
  api_key="YOUR SCRAPING FISH API KEY",  # https://scrapingfish.com/buy
  keyword="coffee shop",
  location="California,United States",
  country="us",
  language="en",
  output="./google.html",
)
```

A script with command-line interface is shared in this GitHub repository: https://github.com/pawelkobojek/scrapingfish-blog-projects/tree/main/google-serp.
To run it, you will need Scraping Fish API key which you can get here: https://scrapingfish.com/buy

The script uses Scraping Fish API to ensure that you always get relevant SERP content since making too many requests to Google might result in captcha.
Scraping Fish is an API for web scraping powered by ethically-sourced mobile proxies.

## Conclusion​

Google SERP is an important source of information for market analysis, local businesses, and SEO in general. In this blog post, we showed how you can see Google SERP from arbitrary location without using VPN or proxies located in specific countries.

We have also shared a python code snippet and a script which will let you automate Google SERP web scraping at scale using Scraping Fish API.