Query: Emperor Norton is immortalized by authors from different countries including Sweden, America, and England.

Relevant passages:
Emperor Norton <=SEP=> Joshua Abraham Norton ( 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 ) , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' .   Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa . After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 . Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice .   After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded . He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States . Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented .   Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay . Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' .   On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont ( now Grant ) streets and died before he could be given medical treatment . At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage . Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlöf , and Neil Gaiman .

Selma Lagerlöf <=SEP=> Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (, also US: , Swedish: [ˈsɛ̂lːma ˈlɑ̂ːɡɛˌɭøːv] (listen); 20 November 1858 – 16 March 1940) was a Swedish author and teacher. She published her first novel, Gösta Berling's Saga, at the age of 33. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, which she was awarded in 1909. Additionally, she was the first woman to be granted a membership in the Swedish Academy in 1914.

Neil Gaiman <=SEP=> Neil Richard MacKinnon Gaiman ( -LSB- ˈɡeɪmən -RSB- born Neil Richard Gaiman , 10 November 1960 ) is an English author of short fiction , novels , comic books , graphic novels , audio theatre , and films . His notable works include the comic book series The Sandman and novels Stardust , American Gods , Coraline , and The Graveyard Book . He has won numerous awards , including the Hugo , Nebula , and Bram Stoker awards , as well as the Newbery and Carnegie medals . He is the first author to win both the Newbery and the Carnegie medals for the same work , The Graveyard Book ( 2008 ) . In 2013 , The Ocean at the End of the Lane was voted Book of the Year in the British National Book Awards .

Mark Twain <=SEP=> Samuel Langhorne Clemens ( November 30 , 1835 -- April 21 , 1910 ) , better known by his pen name Mark Twain , was an American writer , humorist , entrepreneur , publisher , and lecturer . Among his novels are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ( 1876 ) and its sequel , the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ( 1885 ) , the latter often called `` The Great American Novel '' .   Twain was raised in Hannibal , Missouri , which later provided the setting for Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn . He served an apprenticeship with a printer and then worked as a typesetter , contributing articles to the newspaper of his older brother Orion Clemens . He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada . He referred humorously to his lack of success at mining , turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise . His humorous story , `` The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County '' , was published in 1865 , based on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp , California where he had spent some time as a miner . The short story brought international attention and was even translated into classic Greek . His wit and satire , in prose and in speech , earned praise from critics and peers , and he was a friend to presidents , artists , industrialists , and European royalty .   Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures , but he invested in ventures that lost most of it -- notably the Paige Compositor , a mechanical typesetter that failed because of its complexity and imprecision . He filed for bankruptcy in the wake of these financial setbacks , but he eventually overcame his financial troubles with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers . He chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full , even after he had no legal responsibility to do so .   Twain was born shortly after an appearance of Halley 's Comet , and he predicted that he would `` go out with it '' as well ; he died the day after the comet returned . He was lauded as the `` greatest American humorist of his age '' , and William Faulkner called him `` the father of American literature '' .