Query: Gaius Julius Caesar never participated in politics.

Relevant passages:
Roman Senate <=SEP=> The Roman Senate ( Senatus Romanus Senato Romano ) was a political institution in ancient Rome . It was one of the most enduring institutions in Roman history , being established in the first days of the city ( traditionally founded in 753 BC ) . It survived the overthrow of the kings in 509 BC , the fall of the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC , the division of the Roman Empire in 395 AD , the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD , and the barbarian rule of Rome in the 5th , 6th , and 7th centuries .   During the days of the kingdom , it was little more than an advisory council to the king . The last king of Rome , Lucius Tarquinius Superbus , was overthrown following a coup d'état led by Lucius Junius Brutus , who founded the Republic .   During the early Republic , the Senate was politically weak , while the executive magistrates were quite powerful . Since the transition from monarchy to constitutional rule was most likely gradual , it took several generations before the Senate was able to assert itself over the executive magistrates . By the middle Republic , the Senate had reached the apex of its republican power . The late Republic saw a decline in the Senate 's power , which began following the reforms of the tribunes Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus .   After the transition of the Republic into the Principate , the Senate lost much of its political power as well as its prestige . Following the constitutional reforms of the Emperor Diocletian , the Senate became politically irrelevant , and never regained the power that it had once held . When the seat of government was transferred out of Rome , the Senate was reduced to a municipal body . This decline in status was reinforced when the emperor Constantine the Great created an additional senate in Constantinople .   After the Western Roman Empire fell in 476 , the Senate in the West functioned for a time under barbarian rule before being restored after the reconquest of much of the Western Roman Empire 's territories during the reign of Justinian I . The Senate in Rome ultimately disappeared at some point after AD 603 ( the year in which the last known senator was mentioned ) , although the title `` senator '' was still used well into the Middle Ages as a largely meaningless honorific . However , the Eastern Senate survived in Constantinople , until the ancient institution finally vanished there c. 14th century .

Gaius Julius Caesar (proconsul) <=SEP=> Gaius Julius Caesar ( ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC ) was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator .   Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar ( consul in 91 BC ) and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar .   Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade .   Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla .

Cursus honorum <=SEP=> The cursus honorum ( Latin : `` course of offices '' ) was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in both the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire . It was designed for men of senatorial rank . The cursus honorum comprised a mixture of military and political administration posts . Each office had a minimum age for election . There were minimum intervals between holding successive offices and laws forbade repeating an office .   These rules were altered and flagrantly ignored in the course of the last century of the Republic . For example , Gaius Marius held consulships for five years in a row between 104 BC and 100 BC . Officially presented as opportunities for public service , the offices often became mere opportunities for self-aggrandizement . The reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla required a ten-year period between holding another term in the same office .   To have held each office at the youngest possible age ( suo anno , `` in his year '' ) was considered a great political success , since to miss out on a praetorship at 39 meant that one could not become consul at 42 . Cicero expressed extreme pride not only in being a novus homo ( `` new man '' ; comparable to a `` self-made man '' ) who became consul even though none of his ancestors had ever served as a consul , but also in having become consul `` in his year '' .