sonny-dev/inters-qdu huggingface dataset:
Query: MSG has a savory taste similar to that of glutamate.

Relevant passages:
Umami <=SEP=> Umami ( -LSB- uˈmɑːmi -RSB- ) , or savory taste , is one of the five basic tastes ( together with sweetness , sourness , bitterness , and saltiness ) . It has been described as brothy or meaty .   People taste umami through taste receptors specific to glutamate . Glutamate is widely present in savory foods , such as meat broths and fermented products , and commonly added to some foods in the form of monosodium glutamate ( MSG ) . Since umami has its own receptors rather than arising out of a combination of the traditionally recognized taste receptors , scientists now consider umami to be a distinct taste .

Monosodium glutamate <=SEP=> Monosodium glutamate ( MSG , also known as sodium glutamate ) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid , one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids . Monosodium glutamate is found naturally in tomatoes , cheese and other foods .   MSG is used in the food industry as a flavor enhancer with an umami taste that intensifies the meaty , savory flavor of food , as naturally occurring glutamate does in foods such as stews and meat soups . It was first prepared in 1908 by Japanese biochemist Kikunae Ikeda , who was trying to isolate and duplicate the savory taste of kombu , an edible seaweed used as a base for many Japanese soups . MSG as a flavor enhancer balances , blends , and rounds the perception of other tastes .   The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has given MSG its generally recognized as safe ( GRAS ) designation . A popular belief is that large doses of MSG can cause headaches and other feelings of discomfort , known as `` Chinese restaurant syndrome , '' but double-blind tests fail to find evidence of such a reaction . The European Union classifies it as a food additive permitted in certain foods and subject to quantitative limits . MSG has the HS code 29224220 and the E number E621 .
Query: Vampires are deceased.

Relevant passages:
Vampire <=SEP=> A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence ( generally in the form of blood ) of the living . In European folklore , vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive . They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance , markedly different from today 's gaunt , pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century .   Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures ; the term vampire , previously an arcane subject , was popularised in the West in the early 19th century , after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent , such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe ; local variants were also known by different names , such as shtriga in Albania , vrykolakas in Greece and strigoi in Romania . This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism .   In modern times , the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity , although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the chupacabra still persists in some cultures . Early folk belief in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of the body 's process of decomposition after death and how people in pre-industrial societies tried to rationalise this , creating the figure of the vampire to explain the mysteries of death . Porphyria was also linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure , but has since been largely discredited .   The charismatic and sophisticated vampire of modern fiction was born in 1819 with the publication of The Vampyre by John Polidori ; the story was highly successful and arguably the most influential vampire work of the early 19th century . Bram Stoker 's 1897 novel Dracula is remembered as the quintessential vampire novel and provided the basis of the modern vampire legend . The success of this book spawned a distinctive vampire genre , still popular in the 21st century , with books , films , and television shows . The vampire has since become a dominant figure in the horror genre .
Query: Manchester United F.C. was the world's highest-earning football club for a season.

Relevant passages:
Manchester United F.C. <=SEP=> Manchester United Football Club is a professional football club based in Old Trafford , Greater Manchester , England , that competes in the Premier League , the top flight of English football . Nicknamed `` the Red Devils '' , the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878 , changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium , Old Trafford , in 1910 .   Manchester United are the most successful club in England , having won a record 20 League Titles , 12 FA Cups , 5 League Cups and a record 21 FA Community Shields . The club has also won three UEFA Champions League , one UEFA Europa League , one UEFA Cup Winners ' Cup , one UEFA Super Cup , one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup . In 1998 -- 99 , the club became the first in the history of English football to achieve the treble of the Premier League , the FA Cup and the UEFA Champions League . In 2016 -- 17 , they also , by winning the UEFA Europa League , became one of five clubs to have won all three main UEFA club competitions . In winning all three top domestic trophies ( as well as both iterations of the English championship ) , all three major European trophies , both the domestic and European super cups , and both international titles ( the now-defunct Intercontinental Cup in 1999 and its successor , the FIFA World Club Cup in 2008 ) , the club has achieved a clean sweep of all top honours available to it ; the first and thus far only English club to do so .   The 1958 Munich air disaster claimed the lives of eight players . In 1968 , under the management of Matt Busby , Manchester United became the first English football club to win the European Cup . Alex Ferguson won 38 trophies as manager , including 13 Premier League titles , 5 FA Cups and 2 UEFA Champions Leagues , between 1986 and 2013 , when he announced his retirement . José Mourinho is the club 's current manager , having been appointed on 27 May 2016 .   Manchester United was the highest-earning football club in the world for 2015 -- 16 , with an annual revenue of $ 689 million , and the world 's third most valuable football club in 2015 , valued at # 1.98 billion . As of June 2015 , it is the world 's most valuable football brand , estimated to be worth $ 1.2 billion . After being floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1991 , the club was purchased by Malcolm Glazer in May 2005 in a deal valuing the club at almost # 800 million , after which the company was taken private again , before going public once more in August 2012 , when they made an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange . Manchester United is one of the most widely supported football clubs in the world , and holds several rivalries with other clubs , most notably with Liverpool , Manchester City and Leeds United , and more recently with Arsenal .
Query: The Airbus A380 entered commercial service on October 25, 2007.

Relevant passages:
Airbus A380 <=SEP=> The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines .   The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world ( as of February 2017 ) , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 ( about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude ) .   , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered .
Query: In an all-seater stadium, every spectator has a seat.

Relevant passages:
All-seater stadium <=SEP=> An all-seater stadium is a sports stadium in which every spectator has a seat . This is commonplace in association football stadiums in nations such as the United Kingdom , Spain , and the Netherlands . Most association football ( soccer ) , American football stadiums in the United States and Canadian Football League stadiums in Canada are all-seaters , as are most baseball and track and field stadiums in those countries . A stadium that is not an all-seater has areas for attendees holding standing-room only tickets to stand and view the proceedings . Such standing areas were known as terraces in Britain . Stands with only terraces used to dominate the football attendance in the UK . For instance , the South Bank Stand behind the southern goal at Molineux Stadium , Wolverhampton , home of Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. , had a maximum of 32,000 standing attenders , while the rest of the stadium hosted a little bit less than that ( total maximum attendance was around 59,000 ) .   Some European countries , such as Germany , do not have all-seater stadiums . German fans expressed a preference to stand while watching football , so the country 's grounds have large terraced areas . For instance , Borussia Dortmund 's Westfalenstadion ( commercially known as Signal Iduna Park ) has an all-seated capacity of 65,829 , but during Bundesliga games the attendance limit is set to 81,360 . ( If the general rule `` two standing occupies the same space as one sitting '' applies , then around 15,000 seats are replaced by 30,000 standing attenders at Bundesliga games . )
Query: Dawood Ibrahim isn't a terrorist.

Relevant passages:
D-Company <=SEP=> Dawood Company is a term coined by the media for the organized criminal group controlled by wanted terrorist and crime boss Dawood Ibrahim

Dawood Ibrahim <=SEP=> Dawood Ibrahim ( Marathi : दाऊद इब्राहीम कासकर , born Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar 26 December 1955 ) , known as Dawood Bhai or simply Bhai is a gangster and terrorist originally from Dongri in Mumbai , India . The word `` Bhai '' means `` Big brother '' . In the lingo of the Mumbai underworld , the word `` Bhai '' is attributed to members of the underworld who hold considerable power .   He heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company founded in Mumbai . He is currently on the wanted list of Interpol for cheating , criminal conspiracy and running an organised crime syndicate .  He was number three on the The World 's 10 Most Wanted .
Query: Jon Hamm received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations.

Relevant passages:
Jon Hamm <=SEP=> Jonathan Daniel Hamm ( born March 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor , director , and television producer best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper for the AMC television drama series , Mad Men ( 2007 -- 2015 ) .   For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in Los Angeles , making appearances in television series Providence , The Division , What About Brian , and Related . During 2000 , he made his feature movie debut in the space adventure movie Space Cowboys . The next year , he had a minor role in the independent comedy , Kissing Jessica Stein ( 2001 ) . He gained wide recognition when Mad Men began broadcast during July 2007 . His performance earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series -- Drama during 2008 and 2016 and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series during 2015 . He directed two episodes of the show .   During 2008 , Hamm appeared in a remake of the science fiction movie The Day The Earth Stood Still . His first leading movie role was in the 2010 independent thriller Stolen . He also had supporting roles in the movies The Town ( 2010 ) , Sucker Punch ( 2011 ) , and Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) . Hamm has received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in Mad Men , 30 Rock ( 2006 -- 2013 ) , and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt ( 2015 -- present ) .   His other television credits include featuring in the Sky Arts series A Young Doctor 's Notebook and guest roles in Parks and Recreation and Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . He provided his voice to the animated movie Shrek Forever After during 2010 , and during 2015 , he featured in the animated movie Minions .
Query: Boxing Helena debuted in March 1991.

Relevant passages:
Boxing Helena <=SEP=> Boxing Helena is a 1993 American romantic mystery thriller film with horror elements directed by Jennifer Lynch , and starring Sherilyn Fenn , Julian Sands , and Bill Paxton . The plot follows a surgeon whose growing obsession with a woman leads him to amputate her limbs and hold her captive in his home after she suffers a car accident .   The film garnered notoriety prior to its release after protracted legal battles with Madonna and Kim Basinger , both of whom backed out of the leading role of Helena . It debuted at the Sundance Film Festival in January 1993 , where it received critical praise . After receiving an NC-17 rating by the MPAA , the film was given an R-rating on appeal and released in the United States in September 1993 , but received critical backlash and was a financial failure .
Query: UNESCO's City of Literature program was launched in May of 2004.

Relevant passages:
City of Literature <=SEP=> UNESCO 's City of Literature program is part of its Creative Cities Network which was launched in 2004 . The Network was born out of UNESCO 's Global Alliance for Cultural Diversity initiative which was created in 2002 . Its aim is to `` promote the social , economic and cultural development of cities in both the developed and the developing world . '' The cities in network promote their local creative scene and conform to UNESCO 's goal of fostering cultural diversity .
Query: Sebastian Vettel was a racecar driver in Formula One.

Relevant passages:
Sebastian Vettel <=SEP=> Sebastian Vettel ( -LSB- zeˈbasti̯an ˈfɛtl̩ -RSB- ; born 3 July 1987 ) is a German racing driver currently driving in Formula One for Scuderia Ferrari . He is a four-time Formula One World Champion , having won the championship in , , and with Red Bull Racing . Since he is one of only four drivers to have won four or more drivers ' titles , he is among the most successful F1 drivers of all time . He is contracted to remain as a Formula One driver with Scuderia Ferrari until at least the end of 2017 .   Vettel started his career in Formula One as a test driver for BMW Sauber and made his debut with the team at the 2007 United States Grand Prix , replacing the injured Robert Kubica . Later in the season , he signed with Toro Rosso and stayed with the team into . He became the youngest race winner at the time when he took victory at the 2008 Italian Grand Prix . In his first year driving for Red Bull in , Vettel finished the season as the youngest-ever World Drivers ' Championship runner-up . The following year he went on to become the youngest driver ever to win the World Drivers ' Championship , aged 23 . In the same year he helped Red Bull win the team 's first World Constructors ' Championship . He followed up his first championship with three more titles , becoming the youngest double , triple and quadruple world champion in Formula One . The and titles were decided in the final round , in 2010 coming out on top over Fernando Alonso and Ferrari in a four-way title battle at Abu Dhabi , whilst in 2012 defeating Alonso and Ferrari again by three points . The and titles saw Vettel dominating the seasons and wrapping up the titles early .   Vettel left Red Bull Racing and ended his long-term association with the company after the season and signed a contract with Ferrari for , after activating a clause to terminate his Red Bull contract early . After his winless 2014 season he returned to winning ways in his first Ferrari season , being the closest challenger to the dominant Mercedes cars and winning three races .   Vettel has held numerous other `` youngest '' Formula One records , among them : the youngest driver to have taken part in an official practice session of a Grand Prix ( until Max Verstappen at the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix ) , to score championship points ( until Daniil Kvyat at the 2014 Australian Grand Prix ) , to lead a race ( until Max Verstappen at the 2016 Spanish Grand Prix ) , to win a race ( until Max Verstappen at the 2016 Spanish Grand Prix ) and to secure pole position . He is also currently in fourth place among all time race winners .
Query: Commodore is only ranked below a front admiral.

Relevant passages:
Commodore (rank) <=SEP=> Commodore is a naval rank used in many navies that is superior to a navy captain , but below a rear admiral . Non-English-speaking nations often use the rank of flotilla admiral or counter admiral or senior captain as an equivalent , although counter admiral may also correspond to rear admiral .   Traditionally , `` commodore '' is the title for any officer assigned to command more than one ship at a time , even temporarily , much as `` captain '' is the traditional title for the commanding officer of a single ship even if the officer 's official title in the service is a lower rank . As an official rank , a commodore typically commands a flotilla or squadron of ships as part of a larger task force or naval fleet commanded by an admiral . A commodore 's ship is typically designated by the flying of a Broad pennant , as opposed to an admiral 's flag .   It is often regarded as a one-star rank with a NATO code of OF-6 ( which is known in the U.S. as `` rear admiral ( lower half ) '' ) , but whether it is regarded as a flag rank varies between countries .   It is sometimes abbreviated : as `` Cdre '' in British Royal Navy , `` CDRE '' in the US Navy , `` Cmdre '' in the Royal Canadian Navy , `` COMO '' in the Spanish Navy and in some navies speaking the Spanish language , or `` CMDE '' as used in the Indian Navy or in some other Navies .
Query: East Timor is the place where Balibo (film) takes place.

Relevant passages:
Balibo (film) <=SEP=> Balibo is a 2009 Australian war film that follows the story of the Balibo Five , a group of journalists who were captured and killed while reporting on activities just prior to the Indonesian invasion of East Timor of 1975 . While historically accurate , the film is loosely based on the book Cover-Up by Jill Jolliffe , an Australian journalist who met the men before they were killed .   The film follows dishevelled journalist Roger East , played by Anthony LaPaglia , who travels to East Timor in 1975 to investigate the deaths of the Balibo Five during the buildup to the Indonesian invasion of East Timor . Oscar Isaac plays the young José Ramos-Horta , who would later receive the Nobel Peace Prize and become the second President of East Timor , who joins East in the movie .   Filming began on 30 June 2008 , in Dili , East Timor , and the film was released the following year . It was produced by Arenafilm in Australia with Robert Connolly as director , David Williamson as screenwriter , and Professor Clinton Fernandes as historical consultant .  LaPaglia , also an Executive Producer , named East as `` probably the best role I 've ever had '' .
Query: Samsung entered the electronics industry in the the late 1960's.

Relevant passages:
Samsung <=SEP=> Samsung Group ( ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- ) is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol ( business conglomerate ) .   Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income .   Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics ( the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value ) , Samsung Heavy Industries ( the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues ) , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T ( respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies ) . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance ( the world 's 14th largest life insurance company ) , Samsung Everland ( operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea ) and Cheil Worldwide ( the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues ) .   Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP .
Query: Raven-Symoné refuses to be a singer.

Relevant passages:
Raven-Symoné <=SEP=> Raven-Symoné Christina Pearman (; born December 10, 1985), also known mononymously as Raven, is an American actress and singer, who VH1 ranked at number nine on their "100 Greatest Kid Stars of All Time" list in 2012.She began her career as a child actress, appearing as Olivia Kendall on The Cosby Show (1989–1992) and Nicole Lee on Hangin' with Mr. Cooper (1993–1997), both of which earned her a number of awards and nominations. As a teenager, she starred as Raven Baxter on the Disney Channel television series That's So Raven (2003–2007), for which she was nominated for numerous accolades. Since 2017, Raven-Symoné has reprised her role as Raven Baxter on Raven's Home, for which she was nominated for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming. Her film credits include Dr. Dolittle (1998), Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), College Road Trip (2008), and successful television films, including Zenon: Girl of the 21st Century (1999), The Cheetah Girls (2003), its sequel The Cheetah Girls 2 (2006), For One Night (2006), and Revenge of the Bridesmaids (2010). Raven-Symoné has also lent her voice to the animated series Kim Possible for the character Monique, and films such as Tinker Bell (2008).In music, Raven-Symoné released her debut studio album at the age of seven, Here's to New Dreams (1993), which saw the moderate commercial success of the single "That's What Little Girls Are Made Of". Her subsequent studio albums, Undeniable (1999), This Is My Time (2004), and Raven-Symoné (2008) saw some commercial success on the Billboard 200 chart in the United States. She also contributed vocals to several soundtracks from her Disney projects, including The Cheetah Girls (2003), That's So Raven (2004), That's So Raven Too! (2006), and The Cheetah Girls 2 (2006), several of which were certified platinum and gold. She was also a co-host of the ABC daytime talk show The View from 2015 to 2016.