sonny-dev/inters-qdu huggingface dataset:
Query: Tyler Perry is a person.

Relevant passages:
Tyler Perry <=SEP=> Tyler Perry ( born Emmitt Perry Jr. ; September 13 , 1969 ) is an American actor , comedian , filmmaker , writer , and songwriter , specializing in the gospel genre . Perry wrote and produced many stage plays during the 1990s and early 2000s . In 2011 , Forbes named him the highest paid man in entertainment ; he earned US$ 130 million between May 2010 and 2011 . With new shows lined up , along with older successful shows , his net worth in 2017 is estimated to be $ 600 million .   Perry is known for both creating and performing as the Madea character , a tough elderly black woman . Perry also creates films , some produced as live recordings of stage plays , and others professionally filmed using full sets and locations with full editing . Perry is estimated to have earned around US$ 75 million by 2008 . Many of Perry 's stage-play films have been subsequently adapted as professional films .   Perry has also created several television shows , his most successful of which is Tyler Perry 's House of Payne , a show that ran for eight seasons on TBS from June 21 , 2006 , to August 10 , 2012 . On October 2 , 2012 , Perry struck an exclusive multi-year partnership with Oprah Winfrey and her Oprah Winfrey Network . The partnership was largely for the purposes of bringing scripted television to the OWN network , Perry having had previous success in this department . Perry has created multiple scripted series for the network , the most successful being The Haves and the Have Nots . As of 2014 , The Haves and the Have Nots has given OWN its highest ratings to date . The series has also been referred to as being `` one of OWN 's biggest success stories with its weekly dose of soapy fun , filled with the typical betrayals , affairs , and manipulations . ''
Query: Psych (season 2) ended on July 13th, 2006.

Relevant passages:
Psych (season 2) <=SEP=> The second season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 13 , 2007 to February 15 , 2008 . It consisted of 16 episodes . James Roday , Dulé Hill , Timothy Omundson , Maggie Lawson , and Corbin Bernsen reprised their roles as the main characters , and Kirsten Nelson joined the main cast . James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer , a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department . A DVD of the season was released on July 8 , 2008 .
Query: Fraud can be used for monetary gain through deception.

Relevant passages:
Fraud <=SEP=> In law , fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain , or to deprive a victim of a legal right . Fraud itself can be a civil wrong ( i.e. , a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud and/or recover monetary compensation ) , a criminal wrong ( i.e. , a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities ) or it may cause no loss of money , property or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong . The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits , such as obtaining a driver 's license or qualifying for a mortgage by way of false statements .   A hoax is a distinct concept that involves deliberate deception without the intention of gain or of materially damaging or depriving a victim .
Query: Menace II Society is only set in 1970.

Relevant passages:
Menace II Society <=SEP=> Menace II Society ( pronounced Menace to Society ) is a 1993 American hood drama thriller film directed by Allen and Albert Hughes in their directorial debut , and starring Tyrin Turner , Jada Pinkett , Larenz Tate and Samuel L. Jackson . The film is set in the 1990s South Central Los Angeles , California . The film follows the life of a young man named Kaydee `` Caine '' Lawson and his close friends . It gained notoriety for its scenes of violence , profanity , and drug-related content . It was released in May 1993 to critical acclaim for its gritty portrayal of urban violence and its powerful underlying messages .
Query: Chinatown is an American film starring Jack Nicholson.

Relevant passages:
Chinatown (1974 film) <=SEP=> Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama .   In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 .   A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor .
Query: Terrence Howard was in the film Iron Man.

Relevant passages:
Terrence Howard <=SEP=> Terrence Dashon Howard ( born March 11 , 1969 ) is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 .

Iron Man (2008 film) <=SEP=> Iron Man is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the first film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Jon Favreau , with a screenplay by Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway . It stars Robert Downey Jr. , Terrence Howard , Jeff Bridges , Shaun Toub and Gwyneth Paltrow . In Iron Man , Tony Stark , an industrialist and master engineer , builds a powered exoskeleton and becomes the technologically advanced superhero Iron Man .   The film had been in development since 1990 at Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , or New Line Cinema at various times , before Marvel Studios reacquired the rights in 2006 . Marvel put the project in production as its first self-financed film , with Paramount Pictures as its distributor . Favreau signed on as director , aiming for a naturalistic feel , and he chose to shoot the film primarily in California , rejecting the East Coast setting of the comics to differentiate the film from numerous superhero films set in New York City-esque environments . Filming began in March 2007 and concluded in June . During filming , the actors were free to create their own dialogue because pre-production was focused on the story and action . Rubber and metal versions of the armors , created by Stan Winston 's company , were mixed with computer-generated imagery to create the title character .   Iron Man premiered in Sydney on April 14 , 2008 , and was released in theaters on May 2 , 2008 . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 585 million and garnering widespread critical acclaim . Downey 's performance as Tony Stark was particularly praised . The American Film Institute selected the film as one of the ten best of the year . It was also nominated for two Academy Awards for the Best Sound Editing and the Best Visual Effects . Two sequels , Iron Man 2 and Iron Man 3 , were released on May 7 , 2010 , and May 3 , 2013 , respectively .
Query: Louie (season 1) is written and directed by Costa Ricans.

Relevant passages:
Louie (season 1) <=SEP=> The first season of the American television comedy series Louie premiered on June 29 , 2010 and concluded on September 7 , 2010 . It consisted of thirteen episodes , each running approximately 23 minutes in length . FX broadcast the first season on Tuesdays at 11:00 pm in the United States . The season was produced by 3 Arts Entertainment and the executive producers were Louis C.K. , Dave Becky and M. Blair Breard . The first season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on June 21 , 2011 .   Louie was created by Louis C.K. , who serves as the series ' sole writer and director . C.K. stars as a fictionalized version of himself , a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City . The show has a loose format atypical for television comedy series , consisting of largely unconnected storylines and segments ( described as `` extended vignettes '' ) that revolve around Louie 's life , punctuated by live stand-up performances .   The season received critical acclaim .
Query: Richard Dawson sang on November 20th, 1932.

Relevant passages:
Richard Dawson <=SEP=> Richard Dawson ( born Colin Lionel Emm ; 20 November 1932 -- 2 June 2012 ) was a British-American actor and comedian , and a game show host and panellist in the United States . Dawson was well known for playing Corporal Peter Newkirk on Hogan 's Heroes , being the original host of the Family Feud game show from 1976 -- 85 , and from 1994 -- 95 , and a regular panellist on the 1970s version of Match Game on CBS from 1973 -- 78 . In 1984 , he became an American citizen while retaining his British citizenship .
Query: Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s.

Relevant passages:
Samsung <=SEP=> Samsung Group ( ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- ) is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol ( business conglomerate ) .   Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income .   Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics ( the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value ) , Samsung Heavy Industries ( the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues ) , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T ( respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies ) . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance ( the world 's 14th largest life insurance company ) , Samsung Everland ( operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea ) and Cheil Worldwide ( the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues ) .   Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP .
Query: Sky UK only serves North America.

Relevant passages:
Sky UK <=SEP=> Sky UK Limited ( formerly British Sky Broadcasting and BSkyB ) is a telecommunications company which serves the United Kingdom . Sky provides television and broadband internet services , fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the United Kingdom . It is the UK 's largest  pay-TV broadcaster with 11 million customers as of 2015 . It was the UK 's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview in April 2007 . Its corporate headquarters are in Isleworth .   Formed in November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting , Sky became the UK 's largest digital subscription television company . Following Sky 's 2014 acquisition of Sky Italia and a majority 90.04 % interest in Sky Deutschland in November 2014 , its holding company British Sky Broadcasting Group plc changed its name to Sky plc. . The UK subsidiary 's name was changed from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited , and continues to trade as Sky .   Sky UK Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sky plc , with its current company directors being Andrew Griffith and Christopher Taylor . Griffith acts as the Chief Financial Officer ( CFO ) and the Managing Director for the commercial businesses division .
Query: Zoe Saldana was born in 1998.

Relevant passages:
Zoe Saldana <=SEP=> Zoe Saldana-Perego ( born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario , June 19 , 1978 ) , known professionally as Zoe Saldana or Zoë Saldana , is an American actress and dancer . Following her performances with the theater group Faces , Saldana made her screen debut in an episode of Law & Order ( 1999 ) . Her film career began a year later with Center Stage ( 2000 ) , where she played a struggling ballet dancer , followed by a role in Crossroads ( 2002 ) . Saldana 's breakthrough came in 2009 with the roles of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek and Neytiri in James Cameron 's Avatar ( 2009 ) . The latter film received widespread acclaim , and is the highest-grossing film of all time . Saldana continued her career with films such as Colombiana ( 2011 ) , Guardians of the Galaxy ( 2014 ) and Star Trek Beyond ( 2016 ) .
Query: Cambridgeshire's county council is Cambridgeshire County Council.

Relevant passages:
Cambridgeshire <=SEP=> Cambridgeshire ( -LSB- ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒʃər -RSB- or -LSB- - ʃɪər -RSB- abbreviated Cambs . ) , is an East Anglian county in England , bordering Lincolnshire to the north , Norfolk to the north-east , Suffolk to the east , Essex and Hertfordshire to the south , and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west . The city of Cambridge is the county town . Modern Cambridgeshire was formed in 1974 as an amalgamation of the counties of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely and Huntingdon and Peterborough , which had been created in 1965 from the historic counties of Cambridgeshire , Huntingdonshire , the Isle of Ely and the Soke of Peterborough . It contains most of the region known as Silicon Fen .   Local government is divided between Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council , which is a separate unitary authority . Under the county council , there are five district councils , Cambridge City Council , South Cambridgeshire District Council , East Cambridgeshire District Council , Huntingdonshire District Council and Fenland District Council .
Query: Road House was released in 1999.

Relevant passages:
Road House (1989 film) <=SEP=> Road House is a 1989 American action film directed by Rowdy Herrington and starring Patrick Swayze as a bouncer at a newly refurbished roadside bar who protects a small town in Missouri from a corrupt businessman . Sam Elliott also plays a bouncer , the mentor , friend and foil of Swayze 's character . The cast also includes Kelly Lynch as Swayze 's love interest , and Ben Gazzara as the main antagonist .
Query: Innovation is viewed as the application of better solutions that negate market needs.

Relevant passages:
Innovation <=SEP=> Innovation can be defined simply as a `` new idea , device or method '' . However , innovation is often also viewed as the application of better solutions that meet new requirements , unarticulated needs , or existing market needs . This is accomplished through more-effective products , processes , services , technologies , or business models that are readily available to markets , governments and society . The term `` innovation '' can be defined as something original and more effective and , as a consequence , new , that `` breaks into '' the market or society . It is related to , but not the same as , invention . Innovation is often manifested via the engineering process . The opposite of innovation is exnovation .   While a novel device is often described as an innovation , in economics , management science , and other fields of practice and analysis , innovation is generally considered to be the result of a process that brings together various novel ideas in a way that they affect society . In industrial economics , innovations are created and found empirically from services to meet the growing consumer demand .
Query: Louie (season 1) began airing in the 2010s.

Relevant passages:
Louie (season 1) <=SEP=> The first season of the American television comedy series Louie premiered on June 29 , 2010 and concluded on September 7 , 2010 . It consisted of thirteen episodes , each running approximately 23 minutes in length . FX broadcast the first season on Tuesdays at 11:00 pm in the United States . The season was produced by 3 Arts Entertainment and the executive producers were Louis C.K. , Dave Becky and M. Blair Breard . The first season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on June 21 , 2011 .   Louie was created by Louis C.K. , who serves as the series ' sole writer and director . C.K. stars as a fictionalized version of himself , a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City . The show has a loose format atypical for television comedy series , consisting of largely unconnected storylines and segments ( described as `` extended vignettes '' ) that revolve around Louie 's life , punctuated by live stand-up performances .   The season received critical acclaim .
Query: The Quiet was released in 2005.

Relevant passages:
The Quiet <=SEP=> The Quiet is a 2005 American drama thriller film directed by Jamie Babbit and starring Camilla Belle and Elisha Cuthbert . It focuses on a deaf-mute teenage girl , Dot ( Camilla Belle ) who goes to live with her godparents ( played by Martin Donovan and Edie Falco ) after her father dies , where she slowly learns the disturbing secrets of the family , primarily concerning their teenage daughter , Nina ( Elisha Cuthbert ) .   The film was acquired by Destination Films , which released this film in the United States theatrically through Sony Pictures Classics on August 25 , 2006 , and marketed with the tagline : `` Is n't it time everyone hears your secrets ? '' .   The film 's soundtrack features songs by Low , Cat Power , Le Tigre , and numerous Beethoven piano sonatas .   Many reviewers complained that it was sleazy , exploitative and difficult to watch , and that it was too serious to be satire , yet too camp to be taken seriously .
Query: Pearl (Steven Universe) is a fictitious alien.

Relevant passages:
Pearl (Steven Universe) <=SEP=> Pearl is a fictional character from the 2013 animated series Steven Universe , created by Rebecca Sugar . She is a `` Gem '' , a fictional alien being that exists as a magical gemstone projecting a holographic body .   She is portrayed as a loving , gentle and delicate character , who acts as a motherly figure for Steven . However , she also tends to be overprotective with him and has low self-esteem ; she is also deeply overwhelmed with the grief caused by the loss of Steven 's mother , Rose Quartz , who she was in love with .   She is frequently praised for being a positive depiction of a queer character , though her strong obsession with Rose has been described as `` unhealthy '' .
Query: Amy Winehouse died of nicotine poisoning.

Relevant passages:
Amy Winehouse <=SEP=> Amy Jade Winehouse ( 14 September 1983 -- 23 July 2011 ) was an English singer and songwriter . She was known for her deep , expressive contralto vocals and her eclectic mix of musical genres , including soul ( sometimes labelled as blue-eyed soul and neo soul ) , rhythm and blues , and jazz . Winehouse 's debut album , Frank ( 2003 ) , was a critical success in the UK and was nominated for the Mercury Prize . Her follow-up album , Back to Black ( 2006 ) , led to five 2008 Grammy Awards , tying the then record for the most wins by a female artist in a single night , and made her the first British woman to win five Grammys , including three of the General Field `` Big Four '' Grammy Awards : Best New Artist , Record of the Year and Song of the Year .   Winehouse won three Ivor Novello Awards : in 2004 , Best Contemporary Song for `` Stronger Than Me '' ; in 2007 , Best Contemporary Song again , this time for `` Rehab '' ; and in 2008 , Best Song Musically and Lyrically for `` Love Is a Losing Game . '' She also won the 2007 Brit Award for Best British Female Artist , having been nominated for Best British Album , with Back to Black .   Winehouse died of alcohol poisoning on 23 July 2011 , aged 27 . Her album Back to Black posthumously became , for a time , the UK 's best-selling album of the 21st century .
Query: Georges Gilles de la Tourette described symptoms of Down syndrome.

Relevant passages:
Georges Gilles de la Tourette <=SEP=> Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 30 October 1857 -- 26 May 1904 ) was a French physician and the namesake of Tourette 's syndrome , a neurological condition characterized by physical and verbal tics . He was born in the small town of Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers in the district of Châtellerault , near the city of Loudun . He could be retrospectively classified as a neurologist , but the field did not exist in his time .   During 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers . He later relocated to Paris where he became a student , amanuensis , and house physician of his mentor , the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot , director of the Salpêtrière Hospital . Charcot also helped him to advance in his academic career . Tourette studied and lectured in psychotherapy , hysteria and medical and legal ramifications of mesmerism ( modern-day hypnosis ) .   Tourette described the symptoms of Tourette 's syndrome in nine patients in 1884 , using the name `` maladie des tics '' . Charcot renamed the syndrome `` Gilles de la Tourette 's illness '' in his honor .   In 1893 , a former female patient shot Tourette in the head , claiming he had hypnotized her against her will . Both Tourette and many modern hypnologists state that this is impossible . His mentor , Charcot , had died recently , and his young son had also died recently . After these events , Tourette began to experience mood swings between depression and hypomania . Nevertheless , he organized public lectures in which he spoke about literacy , mesmerism and theatre .   Tourette published an article on hysteria in the German Army , which angered Bismarck , and a further article about unhygienic conditions in the floating hospitals on the river Thames . With Gabriel Legué he analyzed abbess Jeanne des Anges ' account of her hysteria that was allegedly based on her unrequited love for a priest Urbain Grandier , who was later burned for witchcraft .   Around 1902 , Tourette 's condition worsened and he was dismissed from his post . Gilles de la Tourette died on 26 May 1904 in a psychiatric hospital in Lausanne , Switzerland .