Query: To which countries does the Himalayan mountain system extend?

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AMD Horus <=SEP=> The Horus system, designed by Newisys for AMD, was created to enable AMD Opteron machines to extend beyond the current limit of 8-way (CPU sockets) architectures. The Opteron CPUs feature a cache-coherent HyperTransport (ccHT) bus to permit glueless, multiprocessor interconnect between physical CPU packages but as there is a maximum of three ccHT interfaces per chip, the systems are limited to a maximum of 8 sockets.

Abarimon <=SEP=> Abarimon is the name of a legendary race of people native to a country of the same name.  The people of Abarimon had backwards feet, but in spite of this handicap were able to run at great speed. They lived side by side with wild animals and attempts to capture them failed because they were so savage.They lived in a great valley of Mount Imaus (now called the Himalayan Mountains).

Abi Gamin <=SEP=> Abi Gamin (also known as Ibi Gamin) is a Himalayan mountain peak situated in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state in India, 2 km (1.2 mi) northeast of Kamet.  It lies on the northern border of Chamoli district, where India meets Tibet.Abi Gamin is located in the central Himalayas and at the culminating point of the Zaskar Range.

Afghanistan <=SEP=> Afghanistan /æfˈɡænɨstæn/ (Pashto/Dari: افغانستان, Afġānistān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast.

Agreement for the Suppression of the Circulation of Obscene Publications <=SEP=> The Agreement for the Suppression of the Circulation of Obscene Publications is a multilateral anti-pornography treaty that was initially negotiated and concluded in Paris in 1910. It was amended by a 1949 Protocol. As of 2013, the treaty has 57 state parties.The treaty was concluded on 4 May 1910 in Paris and was initially entitled the Agreement for the Repression of Obscene Publications.

Alpide belt <=SEP=> "Alpide" redirects here; not to be confused with "Alpine".The Alpide belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt is a seismic belt and orogenic belt that includes an array of mountain ranges extending along the southern margin of Eurasia, stretching from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. It includes the Alps, the Carpathians, the Pyrenees, the mountains of Anatolia and Iran, the Hindu Kush, and the mountains of Southeast Asia.

Andes <=SEP=> The Andes is the longest continental mountain range in the world. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long, about 200 to 700 km (120 to 430 mi) wide (widest between 18° south and 20° south latitude), and of an average height of about 4,000 m (13,000 ft).

Andy Cave <=SEP=> Andy Cave is a British mountaineer. He was nominated for the Piolet d'Or for his ascent of the North Face of Changabang.

Apostille Convention <=SEP=> The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, the Apostille Convention, or the Apostille Treaty is an international treaty drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law.  It specifies the modalities through which a document issued in one of the signatory countries can be certified for legal purposes in all the other signatory states.  Such a certification is called an apostille (French: certification).

Arabian tahr <=SEP=> The Arabian tahr (Arabitragus jayakari) is a species of tahr native to Arabia. Until recently, it was placed in the genus Hemitragus, but genetic evidence supports its removal to separate monotypic genus.The Arabian tahr is the smallest species of tahr. The animal is of stocky build with backward-arching horns in both sexes. Males are much more robust than females. Its coat  consists of a long, reddish-brown hair, with a dark stripe running down the back.

Baetic System <=SEP=> The Baetic System (Spanish: Sistema Bético) is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. Located in the southern and eastern Iberian Peninsula, it is also known as the Baetic Cordillera, Baetic Ranges or Baetic Mountains. The name of the mountain system derives from the ancient Roman region of Baetica, one of the Imperial Roman provinces of ancient Hispania.

Barcelona Convention and Statute on Freedom of Transit <=SEP=> The Barcelona Convention and Statute on Freedom of Transit is an International treaty signed in Barcelona on 20 April 1921; the treaty ensures freedom of transit for various commercial goods across national boundaries.  It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 8 October 1921. It went into effect on 31 October 1922. the convention is still in force at present.

Barcelona Convention and Statute on the Regime of Navigable Waterways of International Concern <=SEP=> The Barcelona Convention and Statute on the Regime of Navigable Waterways of International Concern is a multilateral treaty that was concluded at Barcelona on 20 April 1921. Its purpose is to ensure freedom of navigation in waterways (i.e. ports, rivers and artificial canals) which bear international significance. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 8 October 1921. It went into effect on 31 October 1922. The convention is still in force.

Bhutan <=SEP=> Bhutan (/buːˈtɑːn/; Dzongkha འབྲུག་ཡུལ Dru Ü, IPA: [ʈʂɦu yː]), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked country in South Asia at the eastern end of the Himalayas. It is bordered to the north by China and to the south, east and west by India. To the west, it is separated from Nepal by the Indian state of Sikkim, while farther south it is separated from Bangladesh by the Indian states of Assam and West Bengal.

Buddhism in Bhutan <=SEP=> Buddhism is the major religion in Bhutan. Vajrayana Buddhism is the state religion of Bhutan, and Buddhists comprise two-thirds to three-quarters of its population. Although the Buddhism practiced in Bhutan originated in Tibetan Buddhism, it differs significantly in its rituals, liturgy, and monastic organization. The state religion has long been supported financially by the government through annual subsidies to Buddhist monastery, shrines, monks, and nuns.

CITES <=SEP=> CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973, and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Chaukhamba <=SEP=> Chaukhamba is a mountain massif in the Gangotri Group of the Garhwal Himalaya. Its main summit, Chaukhamba I, is the highest peak in the group. It lies at the head of the Gangotri Glacier and forms the eastern anchor of the group.

China <=SEP=> China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a sovereign state in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population of over 1.35 billion. The PRC is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China, with its seat of government in the capital city of Beijing.

Convention and Statute on the International Régime of Maritime Ports <=SEP=> The Convention and Statute on the International Régime of Maritime Ports is a 1923 League of Nations multilateral treaty whereby port states agree to treat ships equally, regardless of the nationality of the ship.The Convention was concluded in Geneva on 9 December 1923 and entered into force on 26 July 1926. The states that ratify the Convention agree to allow all ships the freedom to access maritime ports and to not discriminate against ships based on the maritime flag the ship flies.

Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident <=SEP=> The Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident is a 1986 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) treaty whereby states have agreed to provide notification of any nuclear accident that occur within its jurisdiction that could affect other states.

Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness <=SEP=> The Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is a 1961 United Nations multilateral treaty whereby sovereign states agree to reduce the incidence of statelessness. The Convention was originally intended as a Protocol to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, while the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons was adopted to cover stateless persons who are not refugees and therefore not within the scope of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.

Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation for Private Use of Aircraft and Pleasure Boats <=SEP=> The Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation for Private Use of Aircraft and Pleasure Boats is a 1956 United Nations multilateral treaty.

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway <=SEP=> The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, also known as the "Toy Train", is a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge railway that runs between New Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling in the Indian state of West Bengal, India. Built between 1879 and 1881, the railway is about 78 kilometres (48 mi) long. Its elevation level varies from about 100 metres (328 ft) at New Jalpaiguri to about 2,200 metres (7,218 ft) at Darjeeling.

Declaration recognising the Right to a Flag of States having no Sea-coast <=SEP=> The Declaration recognising the Right to a Flag of States having no Sea-coast (French: Déclaration portant reconnaissance du droit au pavillon des Etats dépourvus de littoral) is a 1921 multilateral treaty which legally recognised that a land-locked state could be a maritime flag state; that is, that a land-locked state could register ships and sail them on the sea using its own flag.

Dramyin Cham <=SEP=> Dramyin Cham (Dzongkha: Dramnyen Cham) is a form of Cham dance - a masked and costumed dance performed in Tibetan Buddhism ceremonies in Bhutan, Sikkim, Himalayan West Bengal and Tibet (where they have been outlawed). They are a focal point of the Bhutanese festivals of Tsechu. The Dramyin Cham is notable among Cham dances as the lead dancer keeps time with a dramyin - a Himalayan folk music lute, and not a traditional percussion instrument like the cymbals.

Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests <=SEP=> The Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests is a temperate broadleaf forest ecoregion found in the middle elevations of the eastern Himalayas, including parts of Nepal, India, and Bhutan. These forests have an outstanding richness of wildlife.

Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests <=SEP=> The Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests is a temperate coniferous forests ecoregion which is found in the middle and upper elevations of the eastern Middle Himalayas, in western Nepal, Bhutan and northern Indian states including Arunachal Pradesh.

Eight-thousander <=SEP=> The eight-thousanders are the 14 independent mountains on Earth that are more than 8,000 metres (26,247 ft) high above sea level. All eight-thousanders are located in the Himalayan and Karakoram mountain ranges in Asia. They are the mountains whose summits are in the death zone.The first recorded attempt on an eight-thousander was when Albert F. Mummery and J. Norman Collie tried to climb Pakistan's Nanga Parbat in 1895.

Epiophlebia laidlawi <=SEP=> The Himalayan relict dragonfly (Epiophlebia laidlawi) is one of two species of Epiprocta in the family Epiophlebiidae. They are sometimes grouped as a suborder Anisozygoptera, considered as intermediate between the dragonflies and the damselflies, mainly because of the appearance the hind wings being very similar in size and shape to the forewings and held back over the body at rest as in the damselflies.

Felden <=SEP=> Felden is a semi-rural neighbourhood of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, situated to the south west of the town, close to the railway station.It is separated from the main urban area by main roads, the rail line and Boxmoor. To be precise, the boundary of Felden extends only from the diverging of the road Felden lane, where the sign to the boys brigade is now situated. The 'Felden' sign was removed recently making it unclear that the Felden Hamlet does not extend below this point.

Foothills <=SEP=> Foothills are geographically defined as gradual increases in elevation at the base of a mountain range. They are a transition zone between plains and low relief hills to the adjacent topographically high mountains.

Geography of Bhutan <=SEP=> The Kingdom of Bhutan is a sovereign nation, located towards the eastern extreme of the Himalayas mountain range. It is fairly evenly sandwiched between the sovereign territory of two nations: first, the People's Republic of China on the north and northwest. There are approximately 477 kilometres of border with that nation's Tibet Autonomous Region.

Geography of India <=SEP=> The Geography of India describes the geographic features of India, a country in South Asia. India lies largely on the Indian Plate, the northern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate, whose continental crust forms the Indian subcontinent. The country is situated north of the equator between 8°4' and 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' and 97°25' east longitude. It is the seventh-largest country in the world, with a total area of 3,166,414 square kilometres (1,222,559 sq mi).

Geography of Nepal <=SEP=> Nepal measures about 800 kilometers (497 mi) along its Himalayan axis by 150 to 250 kilometers (93 to 155 mi) across. With 147,181 square kilometers (56,827 sq mi) it slightly outranks the state of Arkansas in the United States. Nepal is landlocked by India on three sides and China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north. West Bengal's narrow Siliguri Corridor or Chicken's Neck separate Nepal and Bangladesh. To the east are India and Bhutan.

Golden takin <=SEP=> The golden takin (Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi) is an endangered goat-antelope native to the People's Republic of China & Bhutan.Takins are adapted to staying warm and dry during winters in the Himalayan Mountain regions they inhabit. A thick, secondary coat is grown to keep out the cold. Their large, moose-like snout has large sinus cavities that warm up the air a takin inhales which prevents the loss of body heat by breathing.

Gurans Himal <=SEP=> The Gurans Himal is a small subrange of the Himalaya in far western Nepal. It is little-known, since it does not contain any 8000 metre peaks, or even any peaks above 7,200 metres. Its highest peak is Api,  7,132 m (23,399 ft), which, despite its relatively low height compared to the major Himalayan peaks, rises dramatically from a low base, as do the other significant peaks of the Gurans Himal.H. Adams Carter's classification of the Himalaya divides the Gurans Himal into two subsections.

Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs <=SEP=> The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs, also known as the Hague system provides a mechanism for registering an industrial design in several countries by means of a single application, filed in one language, with one set of fees. The system is administered by WIPO.

Hague–Visby Rules <=SEP=> The Hague–Visby Rules is a set of international rules for the international carriage of goods by sea.

Himalaya Kingdom <=SEP=> Himalaya kingdom was a mountainous country in Himalayas mentioned in the Puranas. Himavat was its ruler. His daughter Parvati, who became a wife of Lord Siva, was a princess from this kingdom.  The Indian epic Mahabharata doesn't mention a kingdom named Himalaya, but mentions many kingdoms in the Himalaya mountains like the Kulinda Kingdom, Parvata Kingdom, Nepa Kingdom, Kirata Kingdom, Kimpurusha Kingdom, Kinnara Kingdom etc.

Himalayan Buddhism <=SEP=> Himalayan Buddhism is a term used to collectively refer to the Buddhist schools of Tibet,  Bhutan, and regions of Nepal, and those practiced in the Indian Himalayan regions of Ladakh, Himachel Pradesh, Sikkim and Arunachel Pradesh.There are four main, and several smaller, sects  of Buddhism which were centred in Tibet but spread to the surrounding Himalayan regions: Nyingma Sakya Kagyu GelukThe Newar Buddhism of Nepal, which was centred in the Kathmandu valley, is older than Tibetan Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism drew many teachings, particularly Vajarayana teachings, from Newar Buddhism as well as teachings from Indian BuddhismAll these Buddhist traditions are closely related historically and all include practices of both the Mahayana and Vajrayana traditions of Buddhism.

Himalayan Geothermal Belt <=SEP=> The Himalayan Geothermal Belt (HGB) is a region that extends for 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) through India, Tibet, Yunnan, Myanmar and Thailand, and that contains many geothermal fields.

Himalayan Sheepdog <=SEP=> The Himalayan Sheepdog, also referred to as the Bhote Kukur, is a livestock guardian dog that originated from Nepal. This mountain dog breed is closely similar to Indian mastiffs and the Tibetan Mastiff and may be related to the long-haired Kinnaur Sheepdog of Tibet. Naturally, Himalayan Sheepdogs enjoy outdoor lifestyles and are rarely seen beyond the regions of India and Nepal. As a powerful and robust breed, the Himalayan Sheepdog is mainly used for herding purposes.

Himalayan foreland basin <=SEP=> The Himalayan foreland basin is an active collisional foreland basin system that developed adjacent to the Himalayan mountain belt in response to the weight of crustal thickening when the Indian Plate collided and subducted under the Eurasian plate. With a width of 450 kilometres (280 mi) and 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) long, the foreland basin span to five countries which include: India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.

Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests <=SEP=> The Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests is an ecoregion that extends from the middle hills of central Nepal through Darjeeling into Bhutan and also into the Indian State of Uttar Pradesh. It represents the east-west-directed band of subtropical broadleaf forest at an altitude of between 500 to 1,000 m (1,600 to 3,300 ft) along the Outer Himalayan Range, and includes several forest types traversing an east to west moisture gradient.

Himalayan subtropical pine forests <=SEP=> The Himalayan subtropical pine forests are a large subtropical coniferous forest ecoregion covering portions of Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan.This huge pine forest stretches for 3000 km across the lower elevations of the great Himalaya range for almost its entire length including parts of Pakistan's Punjab Province in the west through Azad Kashmir, the northern Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim, Nepal and Bhutan, which is the eastern extent of the pine forest.

Himalayas <=SEP=> The Himalayas or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪ.ə/ or /hɪˈmɑːləjə/; Sanskrit: हिमालय, Nepali: हिमालय, Hindi: हिमालय, Urdu: ہمالیہ‎; from Sanskrit hima (snow) + ālaya (dwelling), literally meaning "abode of snow") is a mountain range in South Asia and East Asia which separates the Indo-Gangetic Plain from the Tibetan Plateau. This range is home to nine of the ten highest peaks on Earth, including the highest above sea level, Mount Everest. The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the cultures of South Asia.

Hindu Kush <=SEP=> The Hindu Kush (/kʊʃ, kuːʃ/; Pashto, Persian and Urdu: هندوکش‎), also known in Sanskrit as Pāriyātra Parvata and in Ancient Greek as the Caucasus Indicus Ancient Greek: Καύκασος Ινδικός) or Paropamisadae (Ancient Greek: Παροπαμισάδαι), is an 800-kilometre-long (500 mi) mountain range that stretches between central Afghanistan and northern Pakistan. It forms the western section of the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region (HKH).

History of Darjeeling Himalayan Railway <=SEP=> The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (DHR), nicknamed the "Toy Train", is a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge railway from Siliguri to Darjeeling connecting two districts, Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling, in the Indian state of West Bengal, run by the Indian Railways. The DHR is the very first hill railway in India, and one of the first ones in the world (the Semmering Railway, constructed between 1848 and 1854, was the first).

Hkakabo Razi <=SEP=> Hkakabo Razi (Burmese: ခါကာဘိုရာဇီ, pronounced: [kʰàkàbò ɹàzì]; simplified Chinese: 开加博峰; traditional Chinese: 開加博峰; pinyin: Kāijiābó Fēng) is Burma's highest mountain, and with its height of 5,881 m (19,295 ft) the highest mountain in South East Asia. It is located in the northern Myanmar state of Kachin in an outlying subrange of the Greater Himalayan mountain system near the border tri-point with China and India.

Indeterminate system <=SEP=> An indeterminate system is a system of simultaneous equations (especially linear equations) which has more than one solution. The system may be said to be underspecified. If the system is linear, then the presence of more than one solution implies that there are an infinite number of solutions, but that property does not extend to nonlinear systems.An indeterminate system is consistent, the latter implying that there exists at least one solution.

India <=SEP=> India, officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 29 states and 7 union territories.

Indian Himalayan Region <=SEP=> The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is a  range that spans ten states of India namely, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh as well as the hill regions of two states - Assam and West Bengal.

International (Nice) Classification of Goods and Services <=SEP=> The Nice Classification, established by the Nice Agreement (1957), is a system of classifying goods and services for the purpose of registering trademarks. It is updated every five years and its latest 10th  version of the system groups products into 45 classes (classes 1-34 include goods and classes 35-45 embrace services), and allows users seeking to trademark a good or service to choose from these classes as appropriate.

International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development <=SEP=> The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) is a regional intergovernmental learning and knowledge sharing centre serving the eight regional member countries of the Hindu Kush Himalayas [2]. ICIMOD serves eight regional member countries (RMCs) of the Hindu Kush Himalayan region – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan – and the global mountain community.

International Convention concerning the Use of Broadcasting in the Cause of Peace <=SEP=> The International Convention concerning the Use of Broadcasting in the Cause of Peace is a 1936 League of Nations treaty whereby states agreed to prohibit the use of broadcasting for propaganda or the spreading of false news. It was the first international treaty to bind states to "restrict expression which constituted a threat to international peace and security".

International Convention to Facilitate the Importation of Commercial Samples and Advertising Material <=SEP=> The International Convention to Facilitate the Importation of Commercial Samples and Advertising Material is a 1952 United Nations multilateral treaty. States that ratify the treaty agree to allow product samples and advertising material into the county duty-free.The Convention allows the duty-free importation of commercial samples that are determined to be of "negligible value".

International Opium Convention <=SEP=> The International Opium Convention, signed at The Hague on January 23, 1912 during the First International Opium Conference, was the first international drug control treaty. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on January 23, 1922. The United States convened a 13-nation conference of the International Opium Commission in 1909 in Shanghai, China in response to increasing criticism of the opium trade.

Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park <=SEP=> Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park (formerly Black Mountains National Park) covers an area of 1,730 square kilometres (670 sq mi) in central Bhutan. It occupies most of Trongsa District, as well as parts of Sarpang, Tsirang, Wangdue Phodrang, and Zhemgang Districts. Jigme Singye abuts Royal Manas National Park to the southeast. The park is bound to the east by the Mangde Chhu and reaches the Wong Chu (Raidāk) basin to the west.

K12 (mountain) <=SEP=> K12 is the second highest peak in the Saltoro Mountains, a subrange of the Karakoram range in the Siachen region, near Jammu and Kashmir. It lies near the Line of Control. Its name comes from its designation given during the original survey of the Karakoram range.K12 lies to the southwest of the Siachen Glacier; the K12 glacier heads on its northeast slopes and feeds the Siachen.

Kabru <=SEP=> Kabru  is a mountain in the Himalayas on the border of eastern Nepal and  India.

Kachura Lake <=SEP=> The Kachura Lakes are two lakes in the Skardu District of Gilgit-Baltistan, northern Pakistan. The lakes, at 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) in elevation, are Upper Kachura Lake and Lower Kachura Lake. The latter is also known as Shangrila Lake and is within a tourist resort named Shangrila Resort outside the town of Skardu.The lakes are in the Karakoram mountain range of the western Himalayas, the greater Kashmir region, and in the Indus River basin.

Kalanag <=SEP=> Kalanag or Black Peak (6387 mts) is one of the major peaks in the Bandarpunch mountain range, others being Bandarpunch I (6316 mts) and Bandarpunch II (White Peak) (6102 mts). It literally means "Black Cobra". It is close to the Ruinsara Valley. The peak was first summited in 1955 by JMT Gibson an English master at the Doon School in Dehradun.

Kamet <=SEP=> Kamet (Hindi: कामेत) is the second highest mountain in the Garhwal region of India, after Nanda Devi. It lies in the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand, close to the border with Tibet. It is the third highest mountain in Indian-controlled territory, although it ranks lower if counting mountains inside Indian-claimed territory in Pakistan, and it is the 29th highest in the world. In appearance it resembles a giant pyramid topped by a flat summit area with two peaks.

Kangra Valley Railway <=SEP=> The Kangra Valley Railway lies in the sub-Himalayan region and covers a distance of 164 km (101.9 mi) from Pathankot, Punjab to Jogindernagar in Himachal Pradesh, India. The Kangra valley railway comes under the Firozpur division of Northern Railway. It is one of two mountain railways that run in Himachal Pradesh, the other being Kalka-Shimla Railway, which has been designated as world heritage site by UNESCO.

Karakoram fault system <=SEP=> The Karakoram fault is an oblique-slip fault system in the Himalaya region across India and Asia. The slip along the fault accommodates radial expansion of the Himalayan arc, northward indentation of the Pamir Mountains, and eastward lateral extrusion of the Tibetan plateau.

Khas people <=SEP=> Originally the Khas (खस) / Khasas or Khɒsiyas were the mountain dwellers living in the southern shadow of the Himalayan range from Kashmir to Bhutan in the present day countries of Nepal, India (in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and the Darjeeling in West Bengal), and Bhutan. Most modern Khas people will not refer to themselves as Khas, instead referring to themselves by the ethnic or Hindu caste Nepali origin (e.g. Bahun and  Chhetri or Thakuri).

Kimpurusha Kingdom <=SEP=> Kimpurusha Kingdom refers to the territory of a tribe called Kimpurushas who were one among the Exotic Tribes of Ancient India. These exotic tribes lived in inaccessible regions like the Himalaya mountains and had limited interaction with the Vedic civilization of ancient India. Thus they were represented as super human beings or as natural spirits.Kimpurushas were described to be lion-headed beings.

Kinnara Kingdom <=SEP=> In the Mahabharata, Kinnara Kingdom refers to the territory of a tribe called Kinnaras, who were one among the exotic tribes. They, along with others, were inhabitants of the Himalaya mountains. The people of the Gangetic Plain looked upon them with wonder and considered them as super-human. The Kinnara tribe is identified to have lived in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh state in India. A group of people living in this district still call themselves Kinnaurs.

Kirata Kingdom <=SEP=> Kirata Kingdom in Sanskrit literature and Hindu mythology refers to any kingdom of the Kirata people, who were dwellers mostly in the Himalayas (mostly eastern Himalaya).  They took part in the Kurukshetra War along with Parvatas (mountaineers) and other Himalayan tribes.

Kishtwar Himalaya <=SEP=> The Kishtwar Himalaya is a small subrange of the Himalayan mountain range, in the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. It is a dramatic range of steep rock and ice peaks with great local relief. However it is not as well known as other parts of the Himalaya since its highest peak, Bharanzar, or Sickle Moon, is only 6,574 m (21,568 ft) in elevation.

List of Himalayan peaks and passes <=SEP=> Overall, the Himalayan mountain system is the world's highest, and is home to the world's highest peaks, the Eight-thousanders. There are 14 Himalayan peaks with elevation over 8,000 metres (26,000 ft). The rugged terrain makes few routes through the mountains possible.

List of deaths on eight-thousanders <=SEP=> The eight-thousanders are the 14 mountains that rise more than 8,000 metres (26,247 ft) above sea level; they are all in the Himalayan and Karakoram mountain ranges.This is a list of mountaineers who have died on these mountains.

List of ecoregions in China <=SEP=> The following is a list of terrestrial ecoregions of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, according to the World Wide Fund for Nature.The transition between two of the planet's eight ecozones – the Palearctic, which includes temperate and boreal Eurasia, and Indomalaya, which includes tropical South and Southeast Asia – extends through southern China.

List of highest mountains <=SEP=> There are at least 109 mountains with elevations greater than 7,200 metres (23,622 ft) above sea level. All of these mountains are located in southern and central Asia. Only those summits are included that, by an objective measure, may be considered individual mountains as opposed to subsidiary peaks.

List of longest mountain chains in the world <=SEP=> The world's longest above-ground mountain chain is the Andes, about 4,350 miles (7,000 km) long. The chain stretches from north to south through seven countries in South America, along the west coast of the continent: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. Aconcagua is the highest peak, at about 6,962 metres (22,841 feet). This list does not include submarine mountain chains.

List of mountain ranges <=SEP=> This is a list of mountain ranges organized alphabetically by continent. Ranges on other astronomical bodies are listed afterward.

List of mountains in Nepal <=SEP=> Nepal contains part of the Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world. Eight of the fourteen eight-thousanders are located in the country, either in whole or shared across a border with Tibet or India.

List of mountains on the Moon <=SEP=> This is a list of named mountains on the Moon.Note that the heights listed below are not consistent across sources. In the 1960s, the US Army Mapping Service used elevation relative to 1,737,988 meters from the center of the Moon. In the 1970s, the US Defense Mapping Agency used 1,730,000 meters. The Clementine topographic data published in the 1990s uses 1,737,400 meters.Also note that this table is not comprehensive, and does not list the highest places on the Moon.

Lower Himalayan Range <=SEP=> The Mahabharata Range (Nepali: महाभारत श्रृंखला mahābhārat shrinkhalā) – also called the Lesser Himalaya – is a major east-west mountain range with elevations 3,700 to 4,500 m (12,000 to 14,500 feet)  along the crest, paralleling the much higher Great Himalaya range from the Indus River in Pakistan across northern India, Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan but then the two ranges become increasingly difficult to differentiate east of Bhutan as the ranges approach the Brahmaputra River.

Makalu Barun National Park <=SEP=> The Makalu Barun National Park is the eighth national park in the Himalayas of Nepal and was established in 1992 as eastern extension of the Sagarmatha National Park. Covering an area of 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi) in the districts of Solukhumbu and Sankhuwasabha it is the world's only protected area with an elevation gain of more than 8,000 m (26,000 ft) enclosing tropical forest as well as snow-capped peaks.

Micro-volunteering <=SEP=> Micro-volunteering describes a task done by a volunteer, or a team of volunteers, without payment, either online via an internet-connected device, including smartphones, or offline in small increments of time, usually to benefit a nonprofit organization, charitable organization, or non-governmental organization. Micro-volunteering is a form of virtual volunteering.

Miranjani <=SEP=> Miranjani is the highest peak, at 2,992 metres (9,816 ft) in elevation, of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.  It is located in the Phalkote near Namli Maira area, in Ayubia National Park, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Islamabad in the western Himalayan range.Miranjani is clad in Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests, with Pine, Walnut, Oak, and Maple trees and shrubs and herbs.

Monaco–European Union relations <=SEP=> Relations between Monaco and the European Union (EU) are primarily conducted through France. Through that relationship Monaco directly participates in certain EU policies. Monaco is an integral part of the EU customs territory and VAT area, and therefore applies most measures on excise duties and VAT.However this relationship does not extend to external trade.

Montane ecology <=SEP=> Montane ecology is the branch of ecology that studies life systems on mountains or other high elevation regions on the Earth. The ecosystems on mountains are strongly affected by climate, which gets colder as elevation increases. Because of this, mountain ecosystems form life zones, which are stratified according to elevation. Dense forests are common at moderate elevations.

Mountain range <=SEP=> A mountain range (also mountain barrier/belt/chain/system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related.

Mountains of Bhutan <=SEP=> The mountains of Bhutan are some of the most prominent natural geographic features of the kingdom. Located on the southern end of the Eastern Himalaya, Bhutan has one of the most rugged mountain terrains in the world, whose elevations range from 160 metres (520 ft) to more than 7,000 metres (23,000 ft) above sea level, in some cases within distances of less than 100 kilometres (62 mi) of each other.

Naga Kingdom <=SEP=> In the Mahabharata the Naga Kingdom is the territory of a hardy and warlike tribe called Nagas. They were also considered as one of the supernatural races like the Kinnaras.

Nagalaphu <=SEP=> Nagalaphu is a Himalayan mountain peak located in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand state in India. It is the part of Himalayan mountain massif that divides Lassar-Darma valley and Ralam-Gori Ganga valley. Its summit reaches an altitude of 6,410 metres (21,030 ft) above sea level.South of the peak are the five peaks of Panchchuli. Sona and Meola glaciers (that together form the  Panchchuli glacier) are to the east of Nagalaphu.

Nama Pass <=SEP=> Nama Pass (el. 5,200 m (17,100 ft)) is a Himalayan mountain pass located in eastern Kumaun region of the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand, India.It links Kuthi and Darma Valley as crosses Nama and Kuthi villages. This was once a busy trade route to Tibet, but is now rarely used.

Nepal <=SEP=> Nepal (/nəˈpɔːl/; Nepali: नेपाल [neˈpal]), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country located in South Asia. With an area of 147,181 square kilometres (56,827 sq mi) and a population of approximately 27 million, Nepal is the world's 93rd largest country by area and the 41st most populous country. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by China and to the south, east, and west by India.

Newar Buddhism <=SEP=> Newar Buddhism is the form of Vajrayana Buddhism practiced by the Newar people of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It has developed unique socio-religious elements, which include a non-monastic Buddhist society based on the Newar caste system and patrilineality.  The ritual priests (guruju), vajracharya (who perform rituals for others) and Shakya (who perform rituals mostly for their own families) form the non-celibate religious sangha while other Buddhist Newar castes like the Urāy act as patrons.

Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests <=SEP=> The Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests is a temperate coniferous forests ecoregion of the middle to upper elevations of the eastern Himalayas. It occurs in southeastern Tibet and northeastern India.

Object hyperlinking <=SEP=> Object hyperlinking, or simply 'phylinking', is a neologism that usually refers to extending the Internet to objects and locations in the real world. The current Internet does not extend beyond the electronic realm. Object hyperlinking aims to extend the Internet to the physical world by attaching tags with URLs to tangible objects or locations.

Om Parvat <=SEP=> Om Parvat (also Adi Kailash, Little Kailash, Jonglingkong Peak, Baba Kailash, chhota Kailash) is a mountain in the Himalayan mountain range, lying in the Darchula district of western Nepal and in Pithoragarh District, Uttarakhand, India. It is considered sacred by Hindus and its snow deposition pattern resembles the sacred 'OM' (ॐ). Its appearance is distinctly similar to Mount Kailash in Tibet. Near Om Parvat lie Parvati Lake and Jonglingkong Lake.

Operational Control Language <=SEP=> Operational Control Language (OCL) is the control language of the IBM System/34 and System/36 minicomputer family.  Other control languages include CL (System/38 and AS/400), JCL (System/370), and REXX (AS/400).  The facility of DOS to use batch files is also control language.On the IBM S/34 and S/36, OCL statements are used to directly load user or system programs into memory, assign system resources to them, and transfer system control to them in a process called execution.

Optical space <=SEP=> Optical spaces are mathematical coordinate systems that facilitate the modeling of optical systems as mathematical transformations.  An optical space is a mathematical coordinate system such as a Cartesian coordinate system associated with a refractive index.  The analysis of optical systems is greatly simplified by the use of optical spaces which enable designers to place the origin of a coordinate system at any of several convenient locations.

Outer Space Treaty <=SEP=> The Outer Space Treaty, formally the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, is a treaty that forms the basis of international space law. The treaty was opened for signature in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union on 27 January 1967, and entered into force on 10 October 1967.

Pakistan <=SEP=> Pakistan (/ˈpækɨstæn/ or /pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاكستان‎ ALA-LC: Pākistān, pronounced [pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاكستان‎ ALA-LC: Islāmī Jumhūriyah-yi Pākistān IPA: [ɪslɑːmiː d͡ʒʊmɦuːriəɪh pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), is a sovereign country in South Asia. With a population exceeding 191 million people, it is the sixth most populous country and with an area covering 796,095 km2 (307,374 sq mi), it is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area.

Pamir Mountains <=SEP=> The Pamir Mountains are a mountain range in Central Asia at the junction of the Himalayas with the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, and Hindu Kush ranges.

Parliamentary privilege <=SEP=> Parliamentary privilege is a legal immunity enjoyed by members of certain legislatures, in which legislators are granted protection against civil or criminal liability for actions done or statements made in the course of their legislative duties. It is common in countries whose constitutions are based on the Westminster system.

Parvata Kingdom <=SEP=> Parvatas Kingdom refers to the territory of a tribe known as Parvatas (Mountaineers), mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. Most of the descriptions of Parvata kingdom in the epic refer to a mountainous country in the Himalayas. Parvatas are people from Nepal. There used to be a nation named Parvata in Nepal until it was unified with Nepal.

Pinus wallichiana <=SEP=> Pinus wallichiana is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, from eastern Afghanistan east across northern Pakistan and India to Yunnan in southwest China. It grows in mountain valleys at altitudes of 1800–4300 m (rarely as low as 1200 m), between 30 m and 50 m in height.

Pithoragarh district <=SEP=> Pithoragarh district (Hindi: पिथौरागढ़ जिला) is the easternmost Himalayan district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is naturally landscaped with high Himalayan mountains, snow-capped peaks, passes, valleys, alpine meadows, forests, waterfalls, perennial rivers, glaciers, and springs. The flora and fauna of the area have rich ecological diversity.

Protocol Bringing under International Control Drugs outside the Scope of the Convention of 13 July 1931 for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs <=SEP=> The Protocol bringing under International Control Drugs Outside of the Scope of the 1931 Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, signed in 1948, was a drug control treaty designed to eliminate some of the loopholes associate with its predecessor treaty, the 1931 Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs.

Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium <=SEP=> The Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium, signed on June 23, 1953 in New York, was a drug control treaty, promoted by Harry Anslinger, with the purpose of imposing stricter controls on opium production. Article 6 of the treaty limited opium production to seven countries. Article 2 stated that Parties were required to "limit the use of opium exclusively to medical and scientific needs".

Rai people <=SEP=> The Khambu Rais or Rais are one of the most ancient indigenous ethnolinguistic groups of Nepal, the Indian State of Sikkim and Darjeeling Hills. They were Rai meaning king (Rai means King in old Khas kura). Once someone was recognized as a ruler, Hindus awarded them the title Rai . The title of Rai instead khambu kirant people who used to live in wallo kirant and majh kirant for particular reason. The Rai are the Khambu. Then the post Rai was provided to the topmost leaders of the region.

Rakshasa Kingdom <=SEP=> Rakshasa Kingdom refers to the territory of Rakshasas who were a tribe, mentioned along with others like Devas (including Rudras, Maruts, Vasus and Adityas), Asuras (including Daityas, Danavas and Kalakeyas), Pisachas, Gandharvas, Kimpurushas,  Vanaras, Suparnas, Kinnaras, Bhutas and Yakshas. Rakshasas were described to have large bodies,  probably due to their continuous life in cold climates over snow-covered mountains.

Rongpa <=SEP=> The Rongpa community is located in the trans-Himalayan regions of India and is much older than twelve decades. It has been suggested that the Rongpa community almost lost its existence. Anthropological evidence also suggests that the Rongpa have their own community history within Tibet and that the word "Rongpa" literally translates to "valley people".

Sikkim <=SEP=> Sikkim (/ˈsɪkɨm/) is a landlocked Indian state located in the Himalayan mountains. The state is bordered by Nepal to the west, China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north and east, and Bhutan to the east. The Indian state of West Bengal lies to the south.With 607,688 inhabitants as of the 2011 census, Sikkim is the least populous state in India and the second-smallest state after Goa in total area, covering approximately 7,096 km2 (2,740 sq mi).

Snow leopard <=SEP=> The snow leopard (Panthera uncia syn. Uncia uncia) is a large cat native to the mountain ranges of Central and South Asia. It is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species because as of 2003, the size of the global population was estimated at 4,080–6,590 adults, of which fewer than 2,500 individuals may reproduce in the wild.Snow leopards inhabit alpine and subalpine zones at elevations from 3,000 to 4,500 m (9,800 to 14,800 ft).

Sub-Himalayan Range <=SEP=> The Sub-Himalayan Range are the southernmost mountains in the Himalaya Range. Their average height varies between 600 to 1200 meters, and are not so high in altitude as compared to other mountain ranges in the Himalaya range. Himalayan foot hills form the sub Himalayan zone and from Punjab to Assam these hills are consist of a narrow belt of folded neogene molasse type sediments (siwaliks).  Southward, the folded siwaliks sequence is covered by Indo Gangetic Alluvium.

Swargarohini <=SEP=> Swargarohini is a mountain massif in the Bandarpunch Range of the Garhwal Himalaya. It lies in the Uttarkashi District of the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand, west of the Gangotri group of peaks. It comprises four separate peaks; Swargarohini I is the main peak, and is the subject of this article. While not particularly high by Himalayan standards, and not the highest in the Bandarpunch range, Swargarohini I is notable for its dramatic local relief.

TIR Convention <=SEP=> The Convention on International Transport of Goods Under Cover of TIR Carnets (TIR Convention) is a multilateral treaty that was concluded at Geneva on 14 November 1975 to simplify and harmonise the administrative formalities of international road transport. (TIR stands for "Transports Internationaux Routiers" or "International Road Transports".) The 1975 convention replaced the TIR Convention of 1959, which itself replaced the 1949 TIR Agreement between a number of European countries.

Tarsiger <=SEP=> Tarsiger is a genus of six species of birds in the family Muscicapidae. They are small, mostly brightly coloured insectivorous birds native to Asia and (one species) northeastern Europe; four of the six species are confined to the Sino-Himalayan mountain system.

TeXstudio <=SEP=> TeXstudio is a cross-platform open source LaTeX editor with an interface similar to Texmaker.TeXstudio is a LaTeX IDE that provides modern writing support, such as interactive spelling checker, code folding, and syntax highlighting. It does not provide LaTeX itself – the user must choose a distribution of LaTeX and install it first.Originally called TexMakerX, TeXstudio was started as a fork of Texmaker that tried to extend it with additional features while keeping its look and feel.

Temporary protected status <=SEP=> Temporary protected status (also called "TPS") is a temporary immigration status to the United States, granted to eligible nationals of designated countries. In 1990, as part of the Immigration Act of 1990 ("IMMACT"), P.L.

Tibet <=SEP=> Tibet (/tɨˈbɛt/; Wylie: Bod, pronounced [pʰø̀ʔ]; Chinese: 西藏; pinyin: Xīzàng) is a region on the Tibetan Plateau in Asia northeast of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpa, Qiang and Lhoba peoples and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han Chinese and Hui people.

Tibetan Plateau <=SEP=> The Tibetan Plateau (Tibetan: བོད་ས་མཐོ།, Wylie: bod sa mtho), also known in China as the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau or the Qingzang Plateau (Chinese: 青藏高原; pinyin: Qīngzàng Gāoyuán) or Himalayan Plateau, is a vast elevated plateau in Central Asia or East Asia, covering most of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province in western China, as well as part of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir state of India.

Tibetan and Himalayan Library <=SEP=> The Tibetan and Himalayan Library (THL), formerly  the Tibetan and Himalayan Digital Library (THDL), is a multimedia guide and digital library hosted by the University of Virginia focused on the languages, history and geography of Tibet and the Himalayas. The THL has also designed a scholarly transcription for Standard Tibetan known as the THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription.

Transhimalaya <=SEP=> The Transhimalaya or "Gangdise - Nyenchen Tanglha range", is a 1600 km long mountain range in China, extending in a west-east direction parallel to the main Himalayan range.

Transmountain railroad <=SEP=> Transmountain railroads are railroads that need to cross dauntingly high mountain ranges to cross between countries on one side to the other. The Himalayan Mountains, Andes and the Alps would be cases in point. Because of construction difficulties, some such railways are yet to be built. With globalisation and trade liberalisation, the economic viability of constructing of these railways is improving.

Treaty on Open Skies <=SEP=> The Treaty on Open Skies entered into force on January 1, 2002, and currently has 34 States Parties. It establishes a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants. The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them.

Trevor Braham <=SEP=> Trevor Braham (born 22 April 1922), is a prominent figure in Himalayan exploration and mountaineering.Braham joined the Himalayan Club in 1946, the Swiss Alpine Club in 1948, and the Alpine Club in 1951.

Trilliaceae <=SEP=> Trilliaceae is the botanical name of a family of flowering plants.  The family has been recognised as distinct since 1846 when it was recognized; this table [1] for a summarizes the placement of these taxa.  The family has been recognized by taxonomists such as Takhtajan, Dahlgren, Thorne, and Watson & Dallwitz; other taxonomists have considered these plants to belong to the family Liliaceae.

Western Himalaya <=SEP=> Western Himalaya, also called Punjab Himalaya refers to the western half of the Himalayan Mountain region, stretching from Badakhshan in northeastern Afghanistan/southern Tajikistan, through Kashmir to Nepal.

Western Himalayan broadleaf forests <=SEP=> The Western Himalayan broadleaf forests is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forest ecoregion which is found in the middle elevations of the western Himalayas, including parts of Nepal, India, and Pakistan.

Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests <=SEP=> The Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests is a temperate coniferous forests ecoregion of the middle and upper elevations of the western Middle Himalayas of Nepal, India, and Pakistan.

World Programming System <=SEP=> The World Programming System, also known as WPS, is a software product developed by a company called World Programming. WPS allows users to create, edit and run programs written in the language of SAS.The program was the subject of a lawsuit by SAS Institute. The EU Court of Justice ruled in favor of World Programming, stating that the copyright protection does not extend to the software functionality, the programming language used and the format of the data files used by the program.

Yaksha Kingdom <=SEP=> Yaksha Kingdom refers to the territory of a tribe of mythical creatures called Yakshas who were one of the Exotic Tribes of Ancient India and ancient Sri Lanka. They had kinship with another more demonic tribe, the Rakshasas. The King of Yakshas, Vaisravana (also known as Kubera, Kuvera, Bishamon-ten etc.)  and the Rakshasa king, Ravana, were both sons of the sage Visrava Paulastya from two different wives. Kubera is sometimes mentioned as a Rakshasa king.

Yangra <=SEP=> Yangra (Ganesh I) is the highest peak of the Ganesh Himal, which is a subrange of the Himalayan mountain range. Although not an 8,000 metre peak, and little visited, it enjoys great vertical relief over the nearby valleys.

Zigzag heron <=SEP=> The zigzag heron (Zebrilus undulatus) is a species of heron in the Ardeidae family, also including egrets and bitterns. It is in the monotypic genus Zebrilus. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

Zoji La <=SEP=> Zoji La (Ladakhi: ཟོ་ཇི་ ལཱ་; ) is a high mountain pass in  India, Kashmir, located on the Indian National Highway 1D between Srinagar and Leh in the western section of the Himalayan mountain range. Though often referred to as Zojila Pass in the foreign press, the correct English translation is Zoji Pass or simply Zojila, since the suffix 'La' itself means pass in several Himalayan languages.The usage of the word "La" can also be seen in the Khardung La, Fotu La, Namika La and Pensi La etc.