Query: revolutionaries of 1959 in Cuba

Relevant passages:
1959 Davis Cup <=SEP=> The 1959 Davis Cup was the 48th edition of the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis.  The Europe Zone was modified so that only the previous year's semifinalists were guaranteed first round byes. 42 teams would enter the competition, 27 in the Europe Zone, 8 in the Eastern Zone, and 7 in the Americas Zone.

1959 in Cuba <=SEP=> The following lists events that happened during 1959 in Cuba.

26th of July Movement <=SEP=> The 26th of July Movement (Spanish: Movimiento 26 de Julio; M-26-7) was a vanguard revolutionary organization led by Fidel Castro that in 1959 overthrew the Fulgencio Batista dictatorship in Cuba. The Movement fought the Batista regime on both rural and urban fronts.

Abel Santamaría <=SEP=> Abel Santamaría Cuadrado (20 October 1927 in Encrucijada, Las Villas, Cuba - 26 July 1953 in Santiago de Cuba) was an important leader in the Cuban Revolutionary movement.

Abelardo Colomé Ibarra <=SEP=> Corps General Abelardo Colomé Ibarra (born 13 September 1939 in Oriente Province, Cuba) is a Vice President of the Council of State of Cuba and the Cuban Minister of the Interior.  Known as Furry he first laid the foundations of State Security in 1959.He is a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba.

Battle of La Plata <=SEP=> The Battle of La Plata (July 11 - July 21, 1958) was part of Operation Verano, the summer offensive of 1958 launched by the Batista government during the Cuban Revolution. The battle resulted from a complex plan created by Cuban General Cantillo to directly attack Castro's mountain base in the Sierra Maestra. The battle ended with the humiliating surrender of the assault battalion and the loss of some 500 Cuban army soldiers (killed, wounded, and captured).

Battle of Yaguajay <=SEP=> The Battle of Yaguajay [ʝaɣwaˈxai] (December 19–30, 1958) was a decisive victory for the Cuban Revolutionaries over the soldiers of the Batista government near the city of Santa Clara in Cuba during the Cuban Revolution.

Bay of Pigs Invasion <=SEP=> The Bay of Pigs Invasion, known in Latin America as Invasión de Playa Girón (or Invasión de Bahía de Cochinos or Batalla de Girón), was a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the CIA-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961.

Beatriz Paredes Rangel <=SEP=> Beatriz Elena Paredes Rangel (born 18 August 1953 in Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala) is a Mexican politician who served as president of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). She was the first woman to serve as Governor of Tlaxcala and the second woman to serve as a state governor in Mexican history.Paredes Rangel studied Sociology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) but never graduated.

Blas Roca Calderio <=SEP=> Blas Roca Calderio (24 July 1908 – 25 April 1987) was a Cuban politician who served as President of the National Assembly of People's Power in Cuba from 1976 to 1981. He was also head of the Communist Party of Cuba and editor of the communist newspaper Hoy.

Camilo Cienfuegos <=SEP=> Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarán (Spanish: [kaˈmilo sjenˈfweɣos ɡorjaˈɾan]; February 6, 1932 – October 28, 1959) was a Cuban revolutionary born in Lawton, Havana. Raised in an anarchist family that had left Spain before the Spanish Civil War, he became a key figure of the Cuban Revolution, along with Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Juan Almeida Bosque, and Raúl Castro.

Capital punishment in Cuba <=SEP=> The use of capital punishment in Cuba has declined in the last decade, with the last executions in 2003. National legislation provides for death penalty for murder, threatening to commit murder, aggravated rape, terrorism, hijacking, piracy, drugs trafficking and manufacturing, espionage, and treason are examples of offences meriting the criminal death penalty. The typical method is execution by firing squad.

Carlos A. Manrique <=SEP=> Carlos Andres Manrique (born November 10, 1959 in Havana, Cuba) was a member of the Florida House of Representatives as a Republican from 1992-1994 for District 115.He graduated from Belen Jesuit Preparatory School in Miami in June 1978.  He was the legislative aide to Representative Javier D. Souto for four years when he ran for State Representative the first time in 1988 against Mario Diaz-Balart. In 1994, he lost his re-election bid to Alex Diaz de la Portilla.

Carlos Manuel Piedra <=SEP=> Carlos Manuel Piedra y Piedra (or Carlos Modesto Piedra y Piedra, 1895–1988) held the presidency of Cuba for a single day (January 2, 1959) during the transition of power between Fulgencio Batista and revolutionary leader Fidel Castro in the Cuban Revolution. Piedra was appointed provisional President by a junta led by Eulogio Cantillo in accordance with the 1940 Cuban constitution. Piedra had previously been the eldest judge of the Supreme Court.

Celia Sánchez <=SEP=> Celia Sánchez Manduley (May 9, 1920 – January 11, 1980) was a Cuban revolutionary, politician, researcher and archivist. She was a close friend of Fidel Castro.

Che Guevara <=SEP=> Ernesto "Che" Guevara (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃe ɣeˈβaɾa]; June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as el Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist.

Communist Party of Cuba <=SEP=> The Communist Party of Cuba (Spanish: Partido Comunista de Cuba, PCC) is the only political party permitted to rule in the Republic of Cuba, although others exist. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model.

Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front <=SEP=> The Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front was founded in May 1960 by anti-Castro Cuban exiles and was initially headquartered in Mexico. It was known in Spanish as the Frente Revolucionario Democrático (FRD) and was composed of five major anti-Castro groups. The FRD's military wing was called Brigade 2506, which fought in the Bay of Pigs Invasion Cuban exile Sergio Arcacha Smith was the head the New Orleans chapter of the FRD.

Cuban Revolution <=SEP=> The Cuban Revolution (1953–1959) was an armed revolt conducted by Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement and its allies against the U.S.-backed authoritarian government of Cuban President Fulgencio Batista. The revolution began in July 1953, and continued sporadically until the rebels finally ousted Batista on 1 January 1959, replacing his government with a revolutionary socialist state. The Movement organization later reformed along communist lines, becoming the Communist Party in October 1965.

Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force <=SEP=> The Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force (Spanish: Defensa Anti-Aérea Y Fuerza Aérea Revolucionaria) commonly abbreviated to DAAFAR in both Spanish and English, is the air force of Cuba.

Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces <=SEP=> The Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias—FAR) consist of ground forces, naval forces, air and air defence forces, and other paramilitary bodies including the Territorial Troops Militia (Milicias de Tropas Territoriales—MTT), Youth Labor Army (Ejército Juvenil del Trabajo—EJT), and the Defense and Production Brigades (Brigadas de Producción y Defensa—BPD).The armed forces has long been the most powerful institution in Cuba and high-ranking generals are believed to play crucial roles in all conceivable succession scenarios.

Cuban Revolutionary Council <=SEP=> The Cuban Revolutionary Council (CRC) was a group formed, with CIA assistance, three weeks before the April 17, 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion to "coordinate and direct" the activities of another group known as the Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front. Both groups were composed of Cuban exiles dedicated to overthrowing Fidel Castro's communist government in Cuba.  José Miró Cardona, former Prime Minister of Cuba, was chairman of the Cuban Revolutionary Council.

Cuban exile <=SEP=> The term "Cuban exile" refers to the many Cubans who have emigrated to seek alternative political or economic conditions. The phenomenon date back to the Ten Years' War and the struggle for Cuban independence during the 19th century. In modern times, the term refers to the large exodus of Cubans to the United States since the 1959 Cuban Revolution and in particular the wave of (now) Cuban American refugees to the U.S.

Department of Revolutionary Orientation <=SEP=> Department of Revolutionary Orientation (DOR) is a division of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba. .

Eliades Acosta <=SEP=> Eliades Acosta Matos (born January 4, 1959 in Santiago de Cuba) is a Cuban politician, the former director of Cuba’s Jose Marti National Library (1997–2007) and currently head of the Committee on Culture on the Cuban Communist Party’s Central Committee.

Fabio Grobart <=SEP=> Fabio Grobart (also Antonio Blanco) was born in Białystok, Poland August 30, 1905; his birth name was Abraham Grobart aka Abraham Simjovitch. Apparently following orders of the Comintern, during the early 1920s he became a founding member of the Cuban Communist Party.

Federation of Cuban Women <=SEP=> The Federation of Cuban Women (Spanish: Federación de Mujeres Cubanas) (FMC) was established in 1960 under the revolutionary government with Vilma Espín as its president. Espin fought in the Sierra Maestras with Fidel Castro and Raul Castro and married Raul in 1959. She was the president of the FMC till her death in 2007. The FMC was deeply involved in the 1961 Cuban Literacy Campaign and in supplying workers after the mass exodus of trained labor following the Revolution.

Felipe Pazos <=SEP=> Felipe Pazos (September 27, 1912 – February 26, 2001) was a Cuban economist who initially supported the Cuban Revolution of Fidel Castro, but became disillusioned with the increasingly radical nature of the revolutionary government. Born in Havana, Pazos earned a doctorate from the University of Havana in 1938. He was a member of the Cuban delegation to the 1944 Bretton Woods conference.

Fidel Castro <=SEP=> Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (American Spanish: [fiˈðel aleˈxandɾo ˈkastɾo ˈrus] About this sound audio ; born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban politician and revolutionary who served as Prime Minister of the Republic of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and then President from 1976 to 2008. Politically a Marxist–Leninist and Cuban nationalist, he also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1961 until 2011.

Fidel Castro in the Cuban Revolution <=SEP=> The Cuban communist revolutionary and politician Fidel Castro took part in the Cuban Revolution from 1953 to 1959. Following on from his early life, Castro decided to fight for the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista's military junta by founding a paramilitary organisation, "The Movement". In July 1953, they launched a failed attack on the Moncada Barracks, during which many militants were killed and Castro was arrested.

Frank País <=SEP=> Frank País (December 7, 1934 – July 30, 1957) was a Cuban revolutionary who campaigned for the overthrow of General Fulgencio Batista's government in Cuba. País was the urban coordinator of the 26th of July Movement, and was a key organizer within the urban underground movement, collaborating with Fidel Castro's guerrilla forces which were conducting activities in the Sierra Maestra mountains.     País was killed in the streets of Santiago de Cuba by the Santiago police on July 30, 1957.

Fulgencio Batista <=SEP=> Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar (Spanish: [fulˈxensjo βaˈtista i salˈdiβar]; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was the elected President of Cuba from 1940 to 1944, and dictator from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown during the Cuban Revolution.Batista initially rose to power as part of the 1933 "Revolt of the Sergeants" that overthrew the authoritarian rule of Gerardo Machado.

Gilda Antonia Guillen <=SEP=> Gilda Antonia Guillén (1959–2006) was a Cuban writer and poet.Born in La Habana, in her youth she quit her nursing career, and became an ardent anarchist whom rebelled against communism, Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution. Her anti-government  writings and acts of vandalism against the government led to her conviction in 1978, after which she was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment. In 1980, the Mariel Boatlift departed from Cuba's Mariel Harbor for the United States.

Gustavo Arcos <=SEP=> Gustavo Arcos Bergnes (December 19, 1926 in Caibarién, Cuba – August 8, 2006 in Havana, Cuba) was a fellow Cuban revolutionary alongside  Fidel Castro who later became an imprisoned dissident of the government. Arcos has been described as "a symbol of the opposition, and the dean of the opposition".Born in the small town of Caibarién, Arcos met Castro while the two attended law school at the University of Havana.

Humberto Sorí Marin <=SEP=> Humberto Sorí Marín (1915 in Cuba – 1961 in Havana, Cuba) was a Cuban revolutionary. After the Cuban Revolution in January 1959, he served as minister of agriculture, but resigned in May 1959. Shortly before the Bay of Pigs Invasion, he was arrested after landing in Cuba with arms and explosives, and was executed after the invasion.

Isidoro Malmierca Peoli <=SEP=> Isidoro Malmierca Peoli (September 25, 1930 – August 11, 2001), was Cuba's foreign minister from 1976 to 1992 and a founder of the Cuban Communist Party.Born in Havana, he became involved in Cuba's turbulent left-wing politics as a young man, joining the tiny Popular Socialist Party, the Moscow-line predecessor of the Communist Party, during the years of right-wing regimes that preceded the 1959 revolution.

Jorge Bolaños <=SEP=> Jorge Alberto Bolaños Suarez (born  7 November 1936 in  Las Tunas, Cuba) is a Cuban politician and diplomat.Bolanos graduated in Political Sciences and International Law from the University of Havana and did postgraduate courses in Foreign Relations from the University of London.Ambassador Bolanos has been a member of the Cuban Foreign Ministry since 1963.

José Antonio Echeverría <=SEP=> José Antonio Echeverría (July 16, 1932, Cárdenas, Matanzas – March 13, 1957, Havana, Cuba) was a Cuban revolutionary and student leader. The President of the Federation of University Students (Federación Estudiantíl Universitaria - FEU), he was a founding member of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudantil (DRE), a militant organisation that played an important role in the Cuban Revolution to oust President Fulgencio Batista.

José Martí <=SEP=> José Julián Martí Pérez (January 28, 1853 – May 19, 1895) is the Cuban national hero and an important figure in Latin American literature. In his short life, he was a poet, an essayist, a journalist, a revolutionary philosopher, a translator, a professor, a publisher, and a political theorist, and supporter of Henry George's economic reforms known as Georgism.

José Miró Cardona <=SEP=> José Miró Cardona (22 August 1902 in Havana - 10 August 1974 in San Juan, Puerto Rico) was a Cuban politician. He served as Prime Minister for a period of some six weeks in early 1959, following his appointment by President Manuel Urrutia on January 5, 1959. On February 13, 1959, Miró unexpectedly resigned and was replaced by Fidel Castro.Miró was a lawyer and professor at the University of Havana and had become a noted leader in the civil opposition to President Fulgencio Batista.

José Ramón Machado Ventura <=SEP=> José Ramón Machado Ventura, M.D. (born 26 October 1930) is a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the First Vice President of the Council of State of Cuba from 2008 to 2013. With the election of Raúl Castro as President of Cuba on 24 February 2008, Machado was elected to succeed him as First Vice President. He has been Second Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba since 2011.

Juan Almeida Bosque <=SEP=> Juan Almeida Bosque (February 17, 1927 – September 11, 2009) was a Cuban politician and one of the original commanders of the Cuban Revolution. After the 1959 revolution, he was a prominent figure in the Communist Party of Cuba; at the time of his death in 2009, he was a Vice-President of the Cuban Council of State and was its third ranking member.

Land reform in Cuba <=SEP=> The agrarian reform laws of Cuba sought to break up large landholdings and redistribute land to those peasants who worked it, to cooperatives, and the state. Laws relating to land reform were implemented in a series of laws passed between 1959 and 1963 after the Cuban Revolution. Che Guevara was named head of the INRA as minister of industries and oversaw the land reform policies.

Manuel Ray Rivero <=SEP=> Manuel Ray Rivero (1924-November 12, 2013) was a Cuban born engineer, politician and revolutionary, who was later involved in civic and professional actitivities in Puerto Rico. He received a scholarship from the Cuban Ministry of Public Works to study civil engineering at the University of Utah. He returned to Cuba in 1949 to work in the field of engineering, and later became project manager for the construction of the Havana Hilton Hotel.

Manuel Urrutia Lleó <=SEP=> Manuel Urrutia Lleó (December 8, 1901 – 5 July 1981) was a liberal Cuban lawyer and politician. Urrutia campaigned against the Gerardo Machado government and the second presidency of Fulgencio Batista during the 1950s, before serving as president in the first revolutionary government of 1959. After only six months, Urrutia resigned his position due to a series of disputes with revolutionary leader Fidel Castro and emigrated to the United States shortly after.

Mario Chanes de Armas <=SEP=> Mario Chanes de Armas (October 25, 1927 in Havana, Cuba – February 24, 2007 in Hialeah, Florida) was a former Cuban revolutionary and ally of Fidel Castro. He was a veteran of the attack on the Moncada barracks in July 1953 and served time in Batista's New Model Prison on the Isle of Pines with fellow revolutionary Fidel Castro. After Castro's rise to power, he was labeled an enemy of the regime and imprisoned for almost 30 years.

María Magdalena Campos Pons <=SEP=> María Magdalena Campos-Pons (August 22, 1959 - ) is a Cuban-born artist based in Boston. Campos-Pons works primarily in photography, performance, audiovisual media, and sculpture. She is considered a "key figure" among Cuban artists who found their voice in a post-revolutionary Cuba.

Minute Man National Historical Park <=SEP=> Not to be confused with Minuteman Missile National Historic Site.Minute Man National Historical Park commemorates the opening battle in the American Revolutionary War. It also includes The Wayside, home in turn to three noted American authors. The National Historical Park is under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service and protects 970 acres (3.9 km2) in and around the towns of Lexington, Massachusetts, Lincoln, Massachusetts, and Concord, Massachusetts.

Moncada Barracks <=SEP=> The Moncada Barracks was a military barracks in Santiago de Cuba, named after General Guillermón Moncada, a hero of the War of Independence. On July 26, 1953, the barracks was the site of an armed attack by a small group of revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro. This armed attack is widely accepted as the beginning of the Cuban Revolution.

National Revolutionary Militias <=SEP=> The National Revolutionary Militias (NRM) of Cuba is an organization constituted on 30 October 1960, to enable citizens to defend the country from the threat of military aggression, particularly from the United States, and for the protection of civilian targets against actions of terrorist groups that operate on the island, from the U.S. and other countries of the Caribbean.

Neill W. Macaulay, Jr. <=SEP=> Neill W. Macaulay, Jr. PhD (April 10, 1935 in South Carolina - October 28, 2007 in Micanopy, Florida) was a writer, professor and  a former lieutenant in Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement Army.Prof. Macaulay was a graduate of the University of Texas and the Citadel and was a Korean War era veteran.

Norberto Collado Abreu <=SEP=> Norberto Collado Abreu (c. 1921 – April 2, 2008) was the Cuban captain and helmsman of the yacht Granma, which ferried Fidel Castro and 81 supporters to Cuba from Tuxpan, Veracruz, Mexico, in 1956.  The 1956 landing of Castro from the Granma in western Cuba launched the Cuban Revolution which resulted in the overthrow of President Fulgencio Batista in 1959.Collado Abreu joined the Cuban Navy in April 1941 during World War II.

Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado <=SEP=> Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado (April 17, 1919 – June 23, 1983) was a Cuban politician who served as the President of Cuba from 1959 until 1976.

Pastor Alape <=SEP=> Felix Antonio Muñoz Lascarro also known as "Jose Lisandro Lascarro" or "Pastor Alape" (born June 4, 1959 in Puerto Berrío, Antioquia) is a  Colombian guerrilla leader, member of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and part of their high command known as the Estado Mayor Central which has some 30 to 60 members.

Pilar Garcia <=SEP=> Pilar Garcia was Chief of the National Police in pre-revolutionary Cuba. He married Eloisa Baez and had 2 sons, Rolando Garcia Baez, a Lieutenant Colonel in the Cuban Military Aviation and Irenaldo Garcia Baez, also a Lieutenant Colonel as well as Chief of Military Intelligence (SIM).

Politics of Cuba <=SEP=> Cuba has had a democratic centralist political system since 1959.

Prensa Latina <=SEP=> Prensa Latina, legal name Agencia de Noticias Latinoamericana S.A. (Latin American News Agency), is the official state news agency of Cuba, founded in March 1959 shortly after the Cuban Revolution.

Prime Minister of Cuba <=SEP=> Prime Minister of Cuba (Spanish: Primer Ministro de Cuba), officially called from 1976 President of the Council of Ministers (Spanish: Presidente del Consejo de Ministros de Cuba), is the head of the Council of Ministers. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978..

Protestantism in Cuba <=SEP=> While Protestants arrived in the island of Cuba early in its colonial days, most of their churches did not flourish until the 20th century with the assistance of American missionaries. In the early 20th century, Cuban Protestant churches were greatly aided by various American missionaries who assisted in the work in the churches and also provided support from their home churches. When Fidel Castro’s regime overtook the country in 1959, Protestant churches were legally allowed to continue.

Raúl Castro <=SEP=> Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz (American Spanish: [raˈul moˈðesto ˈkastɾo ˈrus]; born 3 June 1931), commonly known as Raúl Castro, is a Cuban politician and revolutionary who has been President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba since 2008; he previously exercised presidential powers in an acting capacity from 2006 to 2008.

Raúl Roa García <=SEP=> Raúl Roa García (April 18, 1907  – July 6, 1982)was a Cuban intellectual, politician and diplomat. He served as Foreign Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976. He was a lawyer and was also a university professor in the 1940s and 1950s. He was also Director of Culture of the Ministry of Education from 1949 to 1951.Born in Havana, he was 18 he wrote his first article Ensayo sobre José Martí "\Essay on Jose Marti"). In 1926, while studying law he was jailed for protesting the U.S.

Republic of Cuba (1902–59) <=SEP=> The Republic of Cuba (Spanish: República de Cuba) of 1902 to 1959, refers to the historical period in Cuba when Cuba seceded from US rule in 1902 in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War that took Cuba from Spanish rule in 1898 until the Cuban Revolution of 1959. Cuban independence from the United States was guaranteed in the Platt Amendment proposed to the United States Congress in 1901. It was officially a representative democracy though at times it became controlled by a military junta.

Ricardo Alarcón <=SEP=> Ricardo Alarcón de Quesada (born 21 May 1937) is a Cuban statesman. He served as Cuba's Permanent Representative to the United Nations (UN) for nearly 30 years and later served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1993. Subsequently Alarcón was President of the National Assembly of People's Power from 1993 to 2013, and because of this post, was considered the third-most powerful figure in Cuba.

Roberto Agramonte <=SEP=> Roberto Daniel Agramonte y Pichardo (3 May 1904 – 12 December 1995) was a philosopher and Cuban politician.He graduated from the University of Havana School of Law. Dr. Agramonte was also the Dean of School of Philosophy and Letters at the University of Havana. From 1947 to 1948, he was the Ambassador of Cuba to Mexico. In 1948, he returned to Cuba to run for Vice-President of Cuba with Dr. Eduardo Chibás (as President).He was the first Foreign Minister of the Cuban Revolution.

Rolando Cubela Secades <=SEP=> Rolando Cubela Secades (born 1932, Cienfuegos, Cuba) is a Cuban Revolutionary leader who played a vital part in the Cuban Revolution, being a founder member of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudantil and later the military leader of the DRE's Escambray Mountain front. achieving the rank of Commander, the highest military rank in the Revolutionary Army. After the Revolution succeeded in 1959, Cubela became Cuba's envoy to UNESCO.

Vilma Espín <=SEP=> Vilma Lucila Espín Guillois (April 7, 1930 – June 18, 2007) was a Cuban revolutionary, feminist, and chemical engineer. She was married to Raúl Castro, the current Cuban President, who is the brother to former Cuban President Fidel Castro. Espín had four children (Deborah - married to Luis Alberto Rodríguez López-Calleja, Mariela, Nilsa, and Alejandro Castro Espín) and seven grandchildren.

Víctor Dreke <=SEP=> Víctor Emilio Dreke Cruz (born 10 March 1937 in Sagua La Grande) is a Cuban Communist Party leader of notable African descent, and a former commander in the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces.Following involvement in various student protests in Sagua la Grande 1952-54, Dreke joined the 26th of July Movement in 1955, soon after it was formed. In 1957 he helped form the student-based March 13 unit of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudantil in the Escambray Mountains in Las Villas Province.

War against the Bandits <=SEP=> The War Against the Bandits (Spanish:  Lucha contra Bandidos) is a name given by the Cuban government to a six-year rebellion (1959–1965) in the Escambray Mountains by a group of insurgents who opposed the country's government led by Fidel Castro. The rebellion is known abroad as the Escambray Rebellion.The rebelling group of insurgents was a mix of former Batista soldiers, local farmers, and former allied guerrillas who had fought alongside Castro against Batista during the Cuban Revolution.

William Alexander Morgan <=SEP=> William Alexander Morgan (April 19, 1928 – March 11, 1961) was a United States citizen who fought in the Cuban Revolution, leading a band of rebels that drove the Cuban army from key positions in the central mountains and helped pave the way for Fidel Castro's forces to secure victory. Known as El Yanqui Comandante, Morgan was one of about two dozen U.S. citizens to fight in the revolution and one of only three foreign nationals to hold the rank of Comandante in the rebel forces.