Query: digital music notation formats

Relevant passages:
2000s in the music industry <=SEP=> In the first decade of the 21st century, the rise of computers as the primary means to record, distribute, store, and play music caused widespread economic changes in the music industry, fundamentally changing the relationships between artists, record companies, promoters, retail music stores, the technology industry, and consumers. The rise of digital music consumption options contributed to a few fundamental changes in consumption. First the decline of album sales.

ABC notation <=SEP=> ABC notation  is a shorthand form of musical notation. In basic form it uses the letters A through G to represent the given notes, with other elements used to place added value on these - sharp, flat, the length of the note, key, ornamentation.  Later, with computers becoming a major means of communication, others saw the possibilities of using this form of notation as an ASCII code that could facilitate the sharing of music online, also adding a new and simple language for software developers.

ASCII <=SEP=> ASCII (/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII).  ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters.

ASCII tab <=SEP=> ASCII tab is a text file format used for writing guitar, bass guitar and drum tabulatures (a form of musical notation) that uses plain ASCII numbers, letters and symbols. It is the only widespread file format for representing tabulature, and is extensively used for disseminating tabulature via the Internet.ASCII tab is intended to be a human-readable format rather than machine-readable, and hence is not strictly defined.

Ableton Live <=SEP=> Ableton Live is a software music sequencer and digital audio workstation for OS X and Windows. The latest major release of Live, Version 9, was released on March 5, 2013. In contrast to many other software sequencers, Live is designed to be an instrument for live performances as well as a tool for composing, recording, arranging, mixing and mastering.

Abstract Syntax Notation One <=SEP=> Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) is a standard and notation that describes rules and structures for representing, encoding, transmitting, and decoding data in telecommunications and computer networking.  The formal rules enable representation of objects that are independent of machine-specific encoding techniques. Formal notation makes it possible to automate the task of validating whether a specific instance of data representation abides by the specifications.

Accidental (music) <=SEP=> In music, an accidental is a note whose pitch (or pitch class) is not a member of the scale or mode indicated by the most recently applied key signature. In musical notation, the sharp (♯), flat (♭), and natural (♮) symbols, among others, are used to mark such notes, and those symbols may themselves be called accidentals.

Air de cour <=SEP=> The Air de cour was a popular type of secular vocal music in France in the late Renaissance and early Baroque period, from about 1570 until around 1650.  From approximately 1610 to 1635, during the reign of Louis XIII, this was the predominant form of secular vocal composition in France, especially in the royal court.

Amarok (software) <=SEP=> Amarok /ˈæmərɒk/ is a cross-platform free and open source music player. Although Amarok is part of the KDE project, it is released independently of the central KDE Software Compilation release cycle. Amarok is released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.

Audio file format <=SEP=> An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with defined storage layer.

Audiveris <=SEP=> Audiveris is an open source tool for optical music recognition (OMR).It allows a user to import scanned music scores and export them to MusicXML format for use in other applications, e.g. music notation programs or page turning software for digital sheet music.Audiveris is written in Java and published as free software under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

BMP file format <=SEP=> The BMP file format, also known as bitmap image file or device independent bitmap (DIB) file format or simply a bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images of arbitrary width, height, and resolution, both monochrome and color, in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles.

BT Digital Music Awards <=SEP=> The BT Digital Music Awards (DMA) was a British music award ceremony held annually for 10 years from 2002 to 2011 (with no ceremony in 2009). Music industry professionals nominated artists, venues and hardware into the Judge's Choice award categories. The rest of the awards were made up of People's Choice Awards, voted for by the public. The final awards were held at the Camden Roundhouse on 29 September 2011.

Band-in-a-Box <=SEP=> Band-in-a-Box is a MIDI music arranger software package for Windows and Mac OS produced by PG Music Incorporated. It was first introduced in 1990 for PC computers and also the Atari ST.The software allows a solo musician to play along to a computer-generated accompaniment with adjustable tempo, adjustable key, and a choice of musical styles. Original accompaniment with custom chord progressions and melody lines can also be created.

Braille music <=SEP=> Braille music is a Braille code that allows music to be notated using Braille cells so that music can be read by visually impaired musicians.  The Braille music system was originally developed by Louis Braille.Braille music uses the same six-position Braille cell as literary braille.

Cakewalk (company) <=SEP=> Cakewalk, Inc. is a music production software company. Based in Boston, Massachusetts, the company is best known product is their professional-level digital audio workstation (DAW) software, SONAR. SONAR integrates multi-track recording and editing of digital audio and MIDI.

Capella (notation program) <=SEP=> capella is a musical notation program or scorewriter developed by the German company Capella Software AG (formerly WHC), running on Microsoft Windows or corresponding emulators in other operating systems, like Wine on Linux and others on Apple Macintosh. Capella requires to be activated after a trial period of 30 days. The publisher writes the name in lower case letters only. The program was initially created by Hartmut Ring, and is now maintained and developed by Bernd Jungmann.

Choral Public Domain Library <=SEP=> The Choral Public Domain Library (CPDL) is a sheet music archive which focuses on choral and vocal music in the public domain or otherwise freely available for printing and performing (such as via permission from the copyright holder).

Chris Gorog <=SEP=> William Christopher “Chris” Gorog is an entertainment and technology executive that has served in senior leadership positions in Hollywood and Silicon Valley, including as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Napster, a top digital music brand, and Roxio.Gorog played a central role in efforts to monetize digital music downloads and streams. He oversaw Roxio's conversion to a digital music subscription and download service through the acquisitions of Pressplay and Napster.

Chris Huggett <=SEP=> Chris Huggett is a British  engineer and designer who co-founded Electronic Dream Plant (EDP), founded Oxford Synthesizer Company and who is currently design consultant for Novation Digital Music Systems, all manufacturers of audio synthesizers.

Colored music notation <=SEP=> Colored music notation is a technique used to facilitate enhanced learning in young music students by adding visual color to written musical notation.  It is based upon the concept that color can affect the observer in various ways, and combines this with standard learning of basic notation.

Common Music Notation <=SEP=> Common Music Notation (CMN) is open-source musical notation software.  It is written in Common Lisp and runs on a variety of operating systems and Common Lisp implementations.CMN provides a package of functions to hierarchically describe a musical score.  When evaluated, the musical score is rendered to an image.  An example score expression and the image resulting from its evaluation is shown.The output file format of CMN is Encapsulated PostScript.

Computational musicology <=SEP=> Computational musicology is defined as the study of music with computational modelling and simulation. It saw its beginning in the 1950s and originally did not use computers, but more of statistical and mathematical methods. Nowadays computational musicology depends mostly on complex algorithms to either go through vast amounts of information or produce music using given parameters.

Content format <=SEP=> A content format is an encoded format for converting a specific type of data to displayable information. Content formats are used in recording and transmission to prepare data for observation or interpretation. This includes both analog and digitized content. Content formats may be recorded and read by either natural or manufactured tools and mechanisms.In addition to converting data to information, a content format may include the encryption and/or scrambling of that information.

Cowbell Digital Music <=SEP=> Cowbell Digital Music (also referred to as Cowbell or Cowbell Music) is an independent record label based in Queensland, Australia.

Creative Music File <=SEP=> The Creative Music File (CMF) is a synthesised music file format, similar to MIDI, designed by Creative Labs for use with their Sound Blaster cards.  The format actually stores its song data in MIDI format but it differs in that while General MIDI instruments are standardised, CMF instruments' data are stored in the file itself, much like MOD files.

D-Block & S-te-Fan <=SEP=> D-Block & S-te-Fan (Diederik Bakker and Stefan den Daas) are two hardstyle and electro house DJs/producers from The Netherlands. Having met each other in 2004, Bakker and den Daas had their first release as D-Block & S-te-Fan in 2005. D-Block & S-te-Fan had a string of releases on various labels before signing for Scantraxx and launching their own sub label, Scantraxx Evolutionz, on which they continue to release as of 2014.

DLS format <=SEP=> DLS (from Downloadable Sounds), is standardized file formats for digital musical instrument sound banks (collections of virtual musical instrument programs).  The DLS standards also include detailed specifications for how MIDI protocol-controlled music synthesizers should render the instruments in a DLS file.

Date format by country <=SEP=> This page gives an overview of date formats by country, for the Gregorian calendar (see other calendars in use).  (For time as well, see Date and time representation by country.)

Digital audio <=SEP=> Digital audio is technology that can be used to record, store, generate, manipulate, and reproduce sound using audio signals encoded in digital form.

Digital data <=SEP=> Digital data, in information theory and information systems, are discrete, discontinuous representations of information or works, as contrasted with continuous, or analog signals which behave in a continuous manner, or represent information using a continuous function.Although digital representations are the subject matter of discrete mathematics, the information represented can be either discrete, such as numbers and letters, or it can be continuous, such as sounds, images, and other measurements.The word digital comes from the same source as the words digit and digitus (the Latin word for finger), as fingers are often used for discrete counting.

Digital sheet music <=SEP=> Digital sheet music : Technological innovations as driver for sheet music digitization.In the late 20th and into the 21st century, significant interest has developed in representing sheet music in a computer-readable format as well as in downloadable files. With the emergence of several technological innovations, sheet music evolved in several stages into what was to be termed digital sheet music.

File format <=SEP=> A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free and may be either unpublished or open.Some file formats are designed for very particular types of data: PNG files, for example, store bitmapped images using lossless data compression.

Finale (software) <=SEP=> Finale is the flagship program of a series of proprietary  scorewriters created by MakeMusic for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. Finale is regarded as one of the industry standards for notation software.MakeMusic also offers several less expensive versions of Finale, with subsets of the main program's features. These include SongWriter and PrintMusic, as well as a freeware program, Finale Notepad, which allows only rudimentary editing.

Forsyth–Edwards Notation <=SEP=> Forsyth–Edwards Notation (FEN) is a standard notation for describing a particular board position of a chess game. The purpose of FEN is to provide all the necessary information to restart a game from a particular position.FEN is based on a system developed by the Scottish newspaper journalist, David Forsyth.  Forsyth's system became popular in the 19th century; Steven J. Edwards extended it to support use by computers.

GUIDO music notation <=SEP=> GUIDO Music Notation is a computer music notation format designed to logically represent all aspects of music in a manner that is both computer-readable and easily readable by human beings. It was named after Guido of Arezzo, who pioneered today's conventional musical notation 1 000 years ago.GUIDO was first designed by Holger H. Hoos (then at Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, now at University of British Columbia, Canada) and Keith Hamel (University of British Columbia, Canada).

GarageBand <=SEP=> GarageBand is a software application for OS X and iOS that allows users to create music or podcasts. It is developed and sold by Apple Inc. on OS X (formerly part of the iLife software suite). GarageBand's music and podcast creation system enables users to create multiple tracks with pre-made MIDI keyboards, pre-made loops, voice recordings, and an array of various instrumental effects.GarageBand can support any sound format except those that are at 8-bits or lower.

Gemini (rapper) <=SEP=> Gemini, also known as "Big Geminii", is a rapper and recording artist, born in Dallas, Texas. After the song "Hypnotized" was released, he began to earn international fame. A remix of the song was released in 2008 featuring Flo Rida and Lil' Rob. In past times, Gemini has worked with artists such as NB Ridaz, MC Magic, Russel Lee, Frankie J, and Jady. He also made an album in a Supergroup with Playa Rae & Fade Dogg called Texikali.

General MIDI <=SEP=> General MIDI or GM is a standardized specification for music synthesizers that respond to MIDI messages.  GM was developed by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA) and the Japan MIDI Standards Committee (JMSC) and first published in 1991.

Guitar chord file format <=SEP=> The Guitar chord file format is a simple ASCII file format for transcribing songs with guitar chords and lyrics.Although this format is legible as it is, there are many popular programs for displaying, transposing and printing..crd is the normal filename extension.

Hexadecimal <=SEP=> In mathematics and computing, hexadecimal (also base 16, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16. It uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols 0–9 to represent values zero to nine, and A, B, C, D, E, F (or alternatively a, b, c, d, e, f) to represent values ten to fifteen.  Hexadecimal numerals are widely used by computer systems designers and programmers.

IMF (file format) <=SEP=> IMF is an audio file format created by id Software for the AdLib sound card for use in their video games. The default filename extension is also "imf". The abbreviation stands for "id music file" or "id's music format".The format is similar to MIDI, in that it defines musical notes, and does not support sampled digital audio for sound effects. IMF files store the actual bytes sent to the AdLib's OPL2 chip, which uses FM synthesis to produce audio output.

Impro-Visor <=SEP=> Impro-Visor is an educational tool for creating and playing a lead sheet, with a particular orientation toward representing jazz solos.

International Computer Music Conference <=SEP=> The International Computer Music Conference (ICMC) is a yearly international conference for computer music researchers and composers.  It is the annual conference of the International Computer Music Association (ICMA).

Ivy Queen discography <=SEP=> The discography of Ivy Queen consists of nine studio albums, three compilation albums, six EPs, one live album, fifty singles, and thirty-one music videos.  Originally a part of a reggaeton group that would perform songs produced by DJ Negro at a local restaurant in San Juan, Puerto Rico called "The Noise", Ivy Queen would write and record her first song "Somos Raperos Pero No Delincuentes"  alongside DJ Negro.

JAM notation <=SEP=> JAM is both the software and file format for representing music as human-readable and human-writable text.Unlike the ABC notation, another text-based music format, that is best suitable for one-voice tunes,JAM is mainly focused on chords.Here is an example of jam notation:### LULLABY OF BIRDLANDDm7 Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7 /  | Gm7   C7F+7 F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7 /  | Em7-5 A7Dm7 Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7 /  | Gm7   C7F+7 F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7 C7 | F+7   /Am7-5 D7    | Gm7  /    | Gm7-5 C7 | F+7 /Am7-5 D7    | Gm7  /    | Gm7-5 C7 | F+7 A7Dm7   Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7   /  | Gm7 C7F+7   F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7   C7 | F+7The software is proprietary, windows-only freeware.

JSON <=SEP=> JSON, (canonically pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ JAY-sən; sometimes JavaScript Object Notation), is an open standard format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs. It is the primary data format used for asynchronous  browser/server communication (AJAJ), largely replacing XML (used by AJAX).Although originally derived from the JavaScript scripting language, JSON is a  language-independent data format.

Joe Satriani discography <=SEP=> This is the discography for Joe Satriani, an Italian American multi-instrumentalist, known primarily for his work as an instrumental rock guitarist, with multiple Grammy Award nominations.

Katy Garbi discography <=SEP=> This page includes the discography of Greek singer Katy Garbi. Starting in 1989 with her first album, Garbi has released 19 albums in total along with several compilations and CD singles. Garbi has sold over 1.000.000 copies and she is among the most succeeded singerw in Greece since 1960. In 1990s decade Garbi was the first in the list of the sales of female singers in Greece. Her albums Arhizo Polemo and Evaisthisies have sold only in Greece 200.000 and 160.000 copies respectively.

Liber Usualis <=SEP=> The Liber Usualis is a book of commonly used Gregorian chants in the Catholic tradition, compiled by the monks of the Abbey of Solesmes in France.This 1,900-page book contains most versions of the ordinary chants for the Mass (Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei), as well as the common chants for the Divine Office (daily prayers of the Church) and for every commonly celebrated feast of the Church Year (including more than two hundred pages for Holy Week alone).

LilyPond <=SEP=> LilyPond is a computer program and file format for music engraving. One of LilyPond's major goals is to produce scores that are engraved with traditional layout rules, reflecting the era when scores were engraved by hand.LilyPond is cross-platform, and is available for several common operating systems; released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, LilyPond is free software.

Line notation <=SEP=> Line notation is a typographical notation system using ASCII characters, most often used for chemical nomenclature.Line notation is a word and symbol description of an electrochemical cell widely used in chemistry.

List of Online Digital Musical Document Libraries <=SEP=> This is a list of online digital musical document libraries. Each source listed below offers access to collections of digitized music documents (typically originating from printed or manuscript musical sources), and containing music notation of some kind, stored as an image file.

List of UPnP AV media servers and clients <=SEP=> This is a list of UPnP AV media servers and client application or hard appliances.

List of file formats <=SEP=> This is a list of file formats used by computers, organized by type. Filename extensions are usually noted in parentheses if they differ from the format name or abbreviation. Many operating systems do not limit filenames to a single extension shorter than 4 characters, as was common with some operating systems that supported the FAT file system.  Examples of operating systems that do not impose this limit include Unix-like systems.

List of music software <=SEP=> This is a list of notable software for creating, performing, learning, analyzing, researching, broadcasting and editing music. This article only includes software, not services. For streaming services such as iHeartRadio, Pandora, Prime Music, and Spotify, see Comparison of on-demand streaming music services. For storage, uploading, downloading and streaming of music via the cloud, see Comparison of online music lockers.

List of musical symbols <=SEP=> Musical symbols are the marks and symbols, used since about the 13th century in the musical notation of musical scores, styles, and instruments, in order to describe pitch, rhythm, tempo – and, to some degree, its articulation (e.g., a composition in its fundamentals).

MIDI <=SEP=> MIDI (/ˈmɪdi/; short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related devices to connect and communicate with one another.

MIDI 1.0 <=SEP=> Note: Some of the information in this section diverges from the official MIDI  Manufacturers Association/AMEI MIDI specifications in terminology and in technical detail. Developers interested in maximizing interoperability are encouraged to work directly from the official MMA/AMEI specifications.There are two sides to MIDI 1.0: the hardware transport specification describing the electrical and mechanical connection, and the message format specification.

MIDI Tuning Standard <=SEP=> MIDI Tuning Standard (MTS) is a specification of precise musical pitch agreed to by the MIDI Manufacturers Association in the MIDI protocol. MTS allows for both a bulk tuning dump message, giving a tuning for each of 128 notes, and a tuning message for individual notes as they are played.

Mark of the Unicorn <=SEP=> Mark of the Unicorn (MOTU) is a music-related computer software and hardware supplier. It is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts and has created music software since 1984.Products by MOTU include:Digital PerformerAudioDeskBPMMachFiveMX4UnisynPast notable products: MINCE and SCRIBBLE, an Emacs-like editor and Scribe-like text formatter for CP/M machines FinalWord word processor (sold and became Sprint).

Master Tracks Pro <=SEP=> Master Tracks Pro (MTP) is music-sequencer software for Windows or Mac OS, to author and/or edit MIDI data. David Kusek and Don Williams et al. at Passport Designs originally created it, continuation of marketing and  development by GVOX, and, as of Aug. 8, 2013, by Passport Music Software, LLC.

Matt Hires <=SEP=> Matt Hires (born August 5, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter from Tampa, Florida. Drawing inspiration from influences as disparate as The Band, Sufjan Stevens, Wilco and Ryan Adams, Matt became the first artist to sign with F-Stop Music, an imprint of Atlantic Records.

MusicXML <=SEP=> MusicXML is an XML-based file format for representing Western musical notation. The format is proprietary, but fully and openly documented, and can be freely used under a Public License.

Music Encoding Initiative <=SEP=> The Music Encoding Initiative (MEI) is an open-source effort to create a system for representation musical documents in a machine-readable structure. MEI closely mirrors work done by text scholars in the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) and while the two encoding initiatives are not formally related, they share many common characteristics and development practices. MEI, like TEI, describes the governing organization and the markup language.

Music Macro Language <=SEP=> Music Macro Language (MML) is a music description language used in sequencing music on computer and video game systems.MML is sometimes known as Music Markup Language, by conflation with the XML musical notation markup language of that name. For instance, what the video game Mabinogi refers to as "Music Markup Language" is actually a typical implementation of Music Macro Language.

Music Markup Language <=SEP=> Music Markup Language (MML) is an XML application to describe music objects and events, using different modules and markup. MML can be delivered in different formats, such as text, block bars or piano roll, Common Western Notation or MIDI-devices. Since MML can be employed in such simple and accessible formats, it's possible to sequence music without resorting to expensive software.

Music OCR <=SEP=> Music OCR or optical music recognition (OMR) is the application of optical character recognition to interpret sheet music or printed scores into editable or playable form. Once captured digitally, the music can be saved in commonly used file formats, e.g. MIDI (for playback) and MusicXML (for page layout).

Music Works <=SEP=> Music Works, also Music Works Personal, was a music notation sequencing program for Windows 9x that used midi protocol technology. It was developed by Brisbane, Australia based Middle Earth Software in the late 1990s, which then changed its name to Tierra Media (which means "Middle Earth"). Its native file format was .MWW, but it could also import and export .mid. It had a font-based interface, and formatting up to the look of professional notation.

Music download <=SEP=> A music download is the digital transfer of music via the Internet into a device capable of decoding and playing it, such as a home computer, MP3 player or Smart Phone. This term encompasses both legal downloads and downloads of copyright material without permission or legal payment. According to a Nielsen report, downloadable music accounted for 55.9% of all music sales in the US in 2012.

Music engraving <=SEP=> Music engraving is the art of drawing music notation at high quality for the purpose of mechanical reproduction. The term music copying is almost equivalent—though music engraving implies a higher degree of skill and quality, usually for publication. The name of the process originates in plate engraving, a widely used technique dating from the late sixteenth century. The term engraving is now used to refer to any high-quality method of drawing music notation, particularly on a computer ("computer engraving" or "computer setting") or by hand ("hand engraving").

Music informatics <=SEP=> Music Informatics (MI) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area dealing with the production, distribution, consumption, and analysis of music through technology (especially in digital formats).MI research topics include music technologies such as iPods, peer-to-peer application, digital audio editors, online music search engines and Music Information Retrieval (MIR); cognitive, social, and economic issues in music; as well as improvisation and music performance.

Music tracker <=SEP=> Music trackers (usually referred to simply as trackers) are a type of music sequencer software used to create music. They represent music tracks as an arrangement of discrete musical notes positioned in one of several channels, at discrete chronological positions on a timeline.

Music workstation <=SEP=> A music workstation is an electronic musical instrument providing the facilities of:a sound module,a music sequencer and(usually) a musical keyboard.It enables a musician to compose electronic music using just one piece of equipment.

Musical notation <=SEP=> Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music through the use of written symbols, including ancient or modern musical symbols. Types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary.Although many ancient cultures used symbols to represent melodies, none of them is nearly as comprehensive as written language, limiting our modern understanding.

New media art preservation <=SEP=> New media art preservation, a form of Art conservation, is the study and practice of techniques for sustaining artworks created using digital, biological, performative, and other variable media.Artists' increased use of multi-media, digital, and internet media since the 1960s has called into question the conventional strategies by which society preserves, cares for, and redisplays cultural artifacts created with or on ephemera media formats.

Notation Interchange File Format <=SEP=> Notation Interchange File Format (NIFF) is a music notation file format used primarily for transferring music notation between different scorewriters. The NIFF project was started in February 1994 to create an open format that would allow exchange of music between various scanning / Music OCR, editing and typesetting programs.

Offset binary <=SEP=> Offset binary, also referred to as excess-K, is a digital coding scheme where all-zero corresponds to the minimal negative value and all-one to the maximal positive value. There is no standard for offset binary, but most often the offset K for an n-bit binary word is K=2^(n-1).

Open Music Model <=SEP=> The Open Music Model is an economic and technological framework for the recording industry based on research conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It predicts that the playback of prerecorded music will be regarded as a service rather than as individually sold products, and that the only system for the digital distribution of music that will be viable against piracy is a subscription-based system supporting file sharing and free of digital rights management.

Open Sound Control <=SEP=> Open Sound Control (OSC) is a protocol for networking sound synthesizers, computers, and other multimedia devices for purposes such as musical performance or Show control. Bringing the benefits of modern networking technology to the world of electronic musical instruments, OSC's advantages include interoperability, accuracy, flexibility, and enhanced organization and documentation.

Overture (software) <=SEP=> Overture is a music notation (scorewriter) program for Windows and Macintosh platforms, written by Don Williams. Visually, the Overture interface resembles Encore, another notation program originally by the same author. However, Overture is the first scorewriter program to feature full Virtual Studio Technology (VST) hosting; the software also plays MIDI files.

Portable Game Notation <=SEP=> Portable Game Notation (PGN) is a plain text computer-processible format for recording chess games (both the moves and related data), supported by many chess programs.

PostScript <=SEP=> PostScript (PS) is a computer language for creating vector graphics.  It is a dynamically typed, concatenative programming language and was created by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton in 1982. It is used as a page description language in the electronic and desktop publishing areas.

Progression (software) <=SEP=> PROGRESSION is a music creation and performance computer program created by NOTION Music. Created for use on Microsoft Windows and Mac OS laptops or desktops, PROGRESSION focuses on composition for guitar, but can also be used to compose for keyboards (piano, electric piano, and clavinet), bass (electric and upright), and drums (standard drum set).

Rich Music Format <=SEP=> Rich Music Format (also known as RMF) is a music file format defined by Beatnik. It is a wrapper for audio formats including .wav, .au, .aiff, .mp3 and MIDI. RMF's purpose is to encrypt the data, and to store MIDI together with instrument sounds. RMF is not widely used as of 2009, but is noteworthy from the fact that the reference implementation of the Java Media Framework and JavaSound can play RMF files.

Ripe Digital Entertainment <=SEP=> Ripe Digital Entertainment (RDE) was an on-demand digital entertainment company with video on demand components on several platforms.  RDE was founded by CEO Ryan Magnussen.

Scorecloud <=SEP=> ScoreCloud is a software service concerning music notation created by DoReMIR for Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, iPhone and iPad. It is furthermore a web application for sheet music storing and sharing. The core functionality of the service is the automatic creation of music notation directly from music performance or recordings. E.g.

Scorewriter <=SEP=> A scorewriter, or notation software or music notation processor, is software used for creating sheet music. A scorewriter is to music notation what a word processor is to text, in that they both allow fast corrections (undo), flexible editing, easy sharing (via the internet or compact storage media), and clean, uniform layout.

Sheet music <=SEP=> Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols. Like its analogs – books, pamphlets, etc. – the medium of sheet music typically is paper (or, in earlier times, parchment), although the access to musical notation in recent years also includes presentation on computer screens.

Sibelius (software) <=SEP=> Sibelius is a scorewriter program, created by Sibelius Software (now part of Avid Technology) for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and historically RISC OS. It is used by composers, arrangers, performers, music publishers, teachers and students, particularly for writing classical, jazz, band, vocal, film and television music.

Simplified music notation <=SEP=> Simplified music notation  is an alternative form of music notation designed to make sight-reading easier. It was proposed by Peter Hayes George (1927-2012).  It is based on classical staff notation, but sharps and flats are incorporated into the shape of the note heads.  Notes such as double sharps and double flats are written at the pitch at which they are actually played, but preceded by symbols called "history signs" to show that they have been transposed.

Surround sound <=SEP=> Surround sound is a technique for enriching the sound reproduction quality of an audio source with additional audio channels from speakers that surround the listener (surround channels), providing sound from a 360° radius in the horizontal plane (2D) as opposed to "screen channels" (centre, [front] left, and [front] right) originating only from the listener's forward arc.Surround sound is characterized by a listener location or sweet spot where the audio effects work best, and presents a fixed or forward perspective of the sound field to the listener at this location. @en <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surround_sound?oldid=676013673> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Washing> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> Washing is a method of cleaning, usually with water and often some kind of soap or detergent.  Washing both body and clothing is an essential part of good hygiene and health.Often people use soaps and detergents to assist in the emulsification of oils and dirt particles so they can be washed away. The soap can be applied directly, or with the aid of a washcloth.People wash themselves, or bathe periodically.

Synthetic music mobile application format <=SEP=> Synthetic-music mobile application format, abbreviated SMAF, is a music data format specified by Yamaha for portable electronic devices, such as cell phones and PDAs. The file extension for SMAF is .MMF and is common as ringtones for mobile phones with one of five sound chips.SMAF resembles MIDI, but also supports graphics and PCM sound playback.

Tablature <=SEP=> Tablature (or tabulature, or tab for short) is a form of musical notation indicating instrument fingering rather than musical pitches.Tablature is common for fretted stringed instruments such as the lute, vihuela, or guitar, as well as many free reed aerophones such as the harmonica.

Tongan music notation <=SEP=> The Tuʻungafasi or Tongan music notation is a subset of the standard music notation, originally developed by the missionary James Egan Moulton in the 19th century for singing church hymns in Tonga.

Transcription (music) <=SEP=> This article is about music. For other uses, see Transcription (disambiguation)In music, transcription can mean notating a piece or a sound which was previously unnotated, as, for example, an improvised jazz solo. When a musician is tasked with creating sheet music from a recording and they write down the notes that make up the song in music notation, it is said that they created a musical transcription of that recording.

Vanity Kills (Codeine Velvet Club song) <=SEP=> Vanity Kills is the debut single by Scottish rock band Codeine Velvet Club taken from their debut album Codeine Velvet Club. The song was released digitally on November 2, 2009 and on "\ Vinyl on November 23, 2009. It was re-released on April 5, 2010 with a brand new track "Midnight Love Song".

XMF <=SEP=> XMF (Extensible Music Format) is a tree-based digital container format used to bundle music-oriented content, such as a MIDI file and optionally the sounds it uses, liner notes or other content grouped by language-codes.The first XMF definitions were to allow the bundling of a musical performance with the musical sounds used. For instance, a MIDI file could be stored together with a Downloadable Sounds file, and both files would travel together inside one XMF file.