Query: where the British monarch is also head of state

Relevant passages:
Anne, Queen of Great Britain <=SEP=> Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702. On 1 May 1707, under the Acts of Union, two of her realms, the kingdoms of England and Scotland, united as a single sovereign state known as Great Britain. She continued to reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death.Anne was born in the reign of her uncle Charles II, who had no legitimate children. Her father, James, was first in line to the throne.

Antony Head, 1st Viscount Head <=SEP=> Antony Henry Head, 1st Viscount Head GCMG, CBE, MC, PC (19 December 1906 – 29 March 1983) was a British soldier, Conservative politician and diplomat.

Australian peers and baronets <=SEP=> Peers of the Realm have been associated with Australia since its early history. Many peers served as governors of the Australian colonies (states following Federation), and in the days when the practice of appointing British governors-general was current, the great majority were peers.Australians themselves were previously eligible to receive British Imperial Honours. Such honours, in appropriate cases, included peerages and baronetcies.

Bertoleoni <=SEP=> Bertoleoni is the self-proclaimed ruling family of the self-styled "Kingdom of Tavolara" (Sardinia, Italy), which claimed to be "the smallest kingdom of the world" (now extinguished). The members of this family were also the only inhabitants of this island (whose land is owned partly by the Marzano family in Rome, and partly by a NATO military base) that had been abandoned in the 1730s because of North-African piracy in the area. They sustained themselves by goat farming and fishing.

Bhumibol Adulyadej <=SEP=> Bhumibol Adulyadej (Thai: ภูมิพลอดุลยเดช; RTGS: Phumiphon Adunyadet; pronounced [pʰūː.mí.pʰōn ʔà.dūn.já.dèːt]; see full title below; born 5 December 1927) is the King of Thailand. He is also known as Rama IX, as he is the ninth monarch of the Chakri Dynasty.

British Overseas Territories <=SEP=> The fourteen British Overseas Territories (BOT) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom; they do not, however, form part of it. Instead, they are those parts of the former British Empire that have not chosen independence or have voted to remain British territories.

Canadian royal symbols <=SEP=> Canadian royal symbols are the visual and auditory identifiers of the Canadian monarchy, including the viceroys, in the country's federal and provincial jurisdictions.

Christian X of Denmark <=SEP=> Christian X (Christian Carl Frederik Albert Alexander Vilhelm; 26 September 1870 – 20 April 1947) was the King of Denmark from 1912 to 1947 and the only king of Iceland (where the name was officially spelled Kristján), between 1918 and 1944.He was a member of the House of Glücksburg and the first member of his family since king Frederick VII to have actually been born into the Danish royal family; both his father and his grandfather were born as princes of a German ducal family.

Commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces <=SEP=> The Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces is a position vested in the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II, who as Sovereign and head of state is the "Head of the Armed Forces".

Commonwealth of Nations <=SEP=> The Commonwealth of Nations, commonly known as the Commonwealth (formerly the British Commonwealth), is an intergovernmental organization of 53 member states that were mostly territories of the former British Empire.

Commonwealth realm <=SEP=> A Commonwealth realm is one of 16 sovereign states that are members of the Commonwealth of Nations, have Queen Elizabeth II as the reigning constitutional monarch, and have in common the same royal line of succession.The Statute of Westminster 1931 provided for the then Dominions—named therein as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State, and Newfoundland—to have full or nearly full legislative independence as equal members of the British Commonwealth of Nations, having with the United Kingdom one person as the sovereign of each respectively.

Constitution of Kenya (1963) <=SEP=> Kenya's 1963 independence constitution was based on the standard "Lancaster House template" used for the former British colonies in Africa, was subject to early amendments, and was replaced in 1969. Under the Constitution of Kenya, the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, was represented as head of state by a Governor-General of Kenya. The Constitution also provided for a bicameral parliament, the National Assembly, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Constitutional monarchy <=SEP=> A constitutional monarchy, limited monarchy or parliamentary monarchy (also called a crowned republic)  is a form of government in which governing powers of the monarch are restricted by a constitution.A constitutional monarchy may refer to a system in which the monarch acts as a non-party political head of state under the constitution, whether written or unwritten.

Coronation of the British monarch <=SEP=> The coronation of the British monarch is a ceremony (specifically, initiation rite) in which the monarch of the United Kingdom is formally crowned and invested with regalia.

Current reigning monarchs by length of reign <=SEP=> This is a list of currently enthroned monarchs and lifelong leaders sorted by length of service.  It includes monarchs who do not reign over entire nations, such as Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, but does not include former monarchs and pretenders, such as Michael of Romania, de facto monarchs such as François Hollande who in his capacity as President of France is also Co-Prince of Andorra, or monarchs whose position is unofficial, such as Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama.

Edward VII <=SEP=> Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death.The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Edward was related to royalty throughout Europe. Before his accession to the throne, he served as heir apparent and held the title of Prince of Wales for longer than any of his predecessors.

Edward VIII <=SEP=> Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year.Edward was the eldest son of King George V and Queen Mary. He was created Prince of Wales on his sixteenth birthday, nine weeks after his father succeeded as king.

Elizabeth II <=SEP=> Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) is the queen of 16 of the 53 member states in the Commonwealth of Nations. She is Head of the Commonwealth and Supreme Governor of the Church of England.Upon her accession on 6 February 1952, Elizabeth became Head of the Commonwealth and queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon.

Emperor of India <=SEP=> The title Emperor of India was used by the British monarchs during the British Raj in the Indian Subcontinent from 1876 (see Royal Titles Act 1876) until 1948, after India had attained independence from the United Kingdom, when for a transitional period the British monarch was also King of India and King of Pakistan.The term "Emperor of India" is also used to refer to Indian emperors such as Great Chola [Raja rajan] Emperor Ashoka of the Maurya Dynasty and Emperor Akbar of the Mughal Empire.

External association <=SEP=> External association was a hypothetical relationship between Ireland and the British Commonwealth proposed by Éamon de Valera in 1921–22, whereby Ireland would be a sovereign state associated with, but not a member of, the Commonwealth; the British monarch would be head of the association, but not head of state of Ireland. De Valera proposed external association as a compromise between isolationist Irish republicanism on the one hand and Dominion status on the other.

Francis Bond Head <=SEP=> Sir Francis Bond Head, 1st Baronet KCH PC (1 January 1793 – 20 July 1875), known as "Galloping Head", was Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada during the rebellion of 1837.

George II of Great Britain <=SEP=> George II (George Augustus; German: Georg II. August; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death.George was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain: he was born and brought up in northern Germany.

George I of Great Britain <=SEP=> George I (George Louis; German: Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1 August 1714 until his death, and ruler of the Duchy and Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) in the Holy Roman Empire from 1698.George was born in Hanover and inherited the titles and lands of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg from his father and uncles.

George V <=SEP=> George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.He was the second son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII), and the grandson of the reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria.

George VI <=SEP=> George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.As the second son of King George V, he was not expected to inherit the throne and spent his early life in the shadow of his elder brother, Edward.

Ghana (Commonwealth realm) <=SEP=> Ghana was a Commonwealth realm between 6 March 1957 and 1 July 1960, before it became the Republic of Ghana. It was the first western African country to achieve independence.British rule ended in 1957, when the Ghana Independence Act 1957 transformed the British Crown Colony of the Gold Coast into the independent sovereign Commonwealth realm of Ghana. The British monarch remained head of state, and Ghana shared its Sovereign with the other Commonwealth realms.

Governor-General of India <=SEP=> The Governor-General of India or the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (commonly shortened to Viceroy of India), from 1858 to 1947, was originally the titular and executive head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian monarch and head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William.

Governor of Bermuda <=SEP=> The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Bermuda. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government.

Governor of Gibraltar <=SEP=> The Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. The Governor is appointed by the British Monarch on the advice of the British Government. The role of the Governor is to act as the de facto head of state, and he or she is responsible for formally appointing the Chief Minister of Gibraltar, along with other members of the Government of Gibraltar after a general election.

Governor of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha <=SEP=> The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Governor of the British Virgin Islands <=SEP=> The Governor of the British Virgin Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of British Virgin Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government.

Governor of the Cayman Islands <=SEP=> The Governor of the Cayman Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of the Cayman Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government.

Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands <=SEP=> The Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government. The role of the Governor is to act as the  head of state, and he or she is responsible for appointing the Premier and 5 members of the House of Assembly.

Head of state <=SEP=> A head of state is the highest-ranking constitutional position in a sovereign state and is vested with powers to act as the chief public representative of that state.

Her Majesty's New Zealand Ship <=SEP=> Her Majesty's New Zealand Ship (HMNZS) is the ship prefix used to identify warships and shore facilities commissioned into the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN).It derives from "Her Majesty's Ship" (HMS) used in the United Kingdom. The British monarch is also equally and separately the New Zealand head of state. Should the Queen be replaced by a King, the designation also changes to "His" rather than "Her" Majesty.

History of monarchy in Canada <=SEP=> The history of monarchy in Canada stretches from pre-colonial times through to the present day, though Canada's monarchical status is typically seen as beginning with the first European settlements of what is now Canada; Newfoundland was claimed for King Henry VII in 1497 and the establishment of New France by  King Francis I took place in 1534.

House of Bolkiah <=SEP=> The House of Bolkiah is the ruling royal family of Brunei Darussalam. It is composed of the descendants of the 1st sultan Muhammad Shah of Brunei and his family. The Sultan of Brunei is the head of state and absolute monarch of Brunei. He is also head of government in his capacity as Prime Minister.Since independence from the British in 1984, only one Sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century.

Igwe of Nnewi kingdom <=SEP=> The Nnewi monarchy, like the British monarchy, is a traditional inheritance of the throne based on Patrilineality and sonship heredity. In Nnewi the traditional monarch is called the Igwe. The Igwe is born and not made or elected, and the institution of inheritance is the traditional right and Primogeniture privilege. The position is neither transferable nor negotiable.There have been 20 monarchs of Nnewi Kingdom (see the List of  Monarchy of the Nnewi).

Jean-Jacques Dessalines <=SEP=> Jean-Jacques Dessalines (French pronunciation: ​[ʒɑ̃ ʒak dɛs.salin]; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806) was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1801 constitution. Initially regarded as governor-general, Dessalines later named himself Emperor Jacques I of Haiti (1804–1806). He is regarded as a founding father of Haiti.Dessalines served as an officer in the French army when the colony was trying to withstand Spanish and British incursions.

Kenya (Commonwealth realm) <=SEP=> The Commonwealth realm of Kenya, officially known as "Kenya", was a predecessor to the modern-day Republic of Kenya. It existed between 12 December 1963 and  12 December 1964.When British rule ended in 1963, the Kenya Colony was given independence as a Commonwealth realm in which form the state existed until the proclamation of the Republic of Kenya came into existence on 12 December 1964. During this time, the British monarch (Elizabeth II) remained head of state.

King Arthur <=SEP=> King Arthur is a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th to early 6th century A.D. The details of Arthur's story are mainly composed of folklore and literary invention, and his historical existence is debated and disputed by modern historians.

King of Mann <=SEP=> The King of Mann was the title taken between 1237 and 1504 by the various rulers, both sovereign and suzerain, over the Kingdom of Mann – the Isle of Man which is located in the Irish Sea, at the centre of the British Isles.

King of the Britons <=SEP=> The Britons or Brythons were the Brythonic-Celtic-speaking people of what is now England, Wales and southern Scotland, whose ethnic identity is today maintained by the Welsh, Cornish and Bretons. The title Rex Britannorum (King of the Britons) was used (often retrospectively) to refer to the most powerful ruler among the insular Britons, both before and after the Roman occupation up until the Norman Conquest of England.

Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey <=SEP=> The Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a Crown dependency of the British Crown. The role of the Lieutenant Governor is to act as the de facto head of state in Guernsey and as liaison between the governments of Guernsey and the United Kingdom.

List of 2006 British incumbents <=SEP=> This is a list of 2006 British incumbents.

List of British monarchs <=SEP=> There have been 12 monarchs of Great Britain and the United Kingdom (see the Monarchy of the United Kingdom). A new Kingdom of Great Britain was formed on 1 May 1707 with the merger of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which had been in personal union under the House of Stuart since 24 March 1603. On 1 January 1801, Great Britain merged with the Kingdom of Ireland (also previously in personal union with Great Britain) to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

List of British monarchs by longevity <=SEP=> This is a list of British monarchs by longevity since the Union of the Crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1603.To maintain consistency within the table, the dates of birth and death for each monarch are given in New Style.Two measures of the longevity are given—this is to allow for the differing number of leap days occurring within the life of each monarch.

List of Canadian monarchs <=SEP=> The lines of monarchs who reigned over the French and British colonies of Canada, followed by the British Dominion of Canada, and finally the present-day sovereign state of Canada, begin approximately at the turn of the 16th century.

List of English monarchs <=SEP=> The monarchy of the Kingdom of England began with Alfred the Great and ended with Queen Anne, who became Queen of Great Britain when England merged with Scotland to form a union in 1707. For monarchs after Queen Anne, see List of British monarchs.Arguments are made for a few different kings deemed to control enough of the ancient kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxons to be deemed the first King of England.

List of Scottish monarchs <=SEP=> The monarch of Scotland was the head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. According to tradition, the first King of Scots (Middle Scots: King of Scottis, Modern Scots: Keeng o Scots Scottish Gaelic: Rìghrean Albannaich) was Kenneth MacAlpin (Cináed mac Ailpín), who founded the state in 843.

List of Sultans of Brunei <=SEP=> The Sultan of Brunei is the head of state and absolute monarch of Brunei. He is also head of government in his capacity as Prime Minister.

List of current sovereign monarchs <=SEP=> A monarch is the head of a monarchy, a form of government in which a state or polity is ruled by an individual who normally rules for life or until abdication, and typically inherits the throne by birth. Monarchs may be autocrats (as in all absolute monarchies) or may be ceremonial figureheads, exercising only limited or no reserve powers at all, with actual authority vested in a legislature and/or executive cabinet (as in many constitutional monarchies).

List of fictional monarchs <=SEP=> This is a list of fictional Monarchs – characters who appear in fiction as the monarch of a fictional or real country. They are listed by country, then according to the production or story in which they appeared.

List of heads of state by diplomatic precedence <=SEP=> International protocol holds that a head of state takes precedence over all other officials, and that heads of state rank in the order that they took office. The following list contains the heads of state for all United Nations member states and non-member observer states.Commonwealth realms, other than the United Kingdom, each have a local governor-general appointed to represent the monarch in the realm's government.

List of heads of state of France <=SEP=> This is a list of all French Heads of state. This list includes the monarchs and republics.The monarchs of France ruled from the establishment of Francia in 486 to 1870. The first race, or dynasty of kings, was the Merovingian dynasty, which ruled until 751, followed by the second race, the Carolingian dynasty, until 987 (with some interruptions).

List of heads of state of Ghana <=SEP=> This is a list of the heads of state of Ghana, from the independence of Ghana in 1957 to the present day.From 1957 to 1960 the head of state under the Ghana Independence Act 1957 was the Monarch, who was the same person as the Monarch of the United Kingdom and of the other Commonwealth realms. The monarch was represented in Ghana by a Governor-General. Ghana became a republic under the Constitution of 1960 and the monarch and Governor-General were replaced by an executive President.

List of heads of state of Nigeria <=SEP=> This is a list of the heads of state of Nigeria, from the independence of Federation of Nigeria in 1960 to the present day.From 1960 to 1963 the head of state under the Nigeria Independence Act 1960 was  the Monarch, who was also Monarch of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The monarch was represented in Nigeria by a Governor-General. Nigeria became a republic under the Constitution of 1963 and the monarch and Governor-General were replaced by a ceremonial President.

List of heads of state of Spain <=SEP=> This is a list of Spanish Heads of State; that is, kings and presidents that governed the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the Spanish throne were the following:Kings of AsturiasKings of Navarre Kings of LeónKings of GaliciaKings of CastileKings of AragonThese lineages were eventually united by the marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile.

List of heads of state of Yugoslavia <=SEP=> This is a List of heads of state of Yugoslavia from the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 until the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a monarchy ruled by the House of Karađorđević from 1918 up until World War II.

List of monarchs in Britain by length of reign <=SEP=> The following is a list, ordered by length of reign, of the monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (Northern Ireland after 1927), the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Kingdom of England since AD 925, the Kingdom of Scotland since AD 1107, and the Principality of Wales from AD 1170.The present queen, Elizabeth II, became the longest-reigning British monarch on 9 September 2015.

List of monarchs of Mercia <=SEP=> The Kingdom of Mercia was a state in the English Midlands from the 6th century to the 10th. For some two hundred years from the mid-7th century onwards it was the dominant member of the Heptarchy and consequently the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.

List of monarchs of Wessex <=SEP=> This is a list of monarchs of Wessex until 927. For later monarchs, see the List of English monarchs.  While the details of the later monarchs are confirmed by a number of sources, the earlier ones are in many cases obscure.The names are given in modern English form followed by the names and titles (as far as is known) in contemporary Anglo-Saxon English and Latin, the prevalent 'official' languages of the time.This was a time when spellings varied widely, even within a document.

List of monarchs of the British Isles by cause of death <=SEP=> This is a list of Monarchs of the British Isles by cause of death.They are grouped by the type of death and then ordered by the date of death.  The monarchical status of some people is disputed, but they have been included here for the sake of completeness.

Lists of office-holders <=SEP=> These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in 2007 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year.Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. @en <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_office-holders?oldid=671685852> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lisbon> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> Lisbon (/ˈlɪzbən/; Portuguese: Lisboa, IPA: [liʒˈboɐ]) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal, with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km². Its urban area extends beyond the city's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people, being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union. About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (which represents approximately 27% of the country's population).

Lists of state leaders <=SEP=> This article contains various lists of state leaders, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government. Typically this list includes presidents, prime ministers or monarchs.

Margrethe II of Denmark <=SEP=> Margrethe II (Danish: Margrethe 2.; Faroese: Margrethe II; Greenlandic: Margrethe II) (Danish pronunciation: [mɑˈɡ̊ʁæːˀd̥ə], full name: Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid; born 16 April 1940) is the Queen of Denmark. She is also the supreme authority of the Church of Denmark and Commander-in-Chief of the Danish Defence Forces.

Marie-Charles David de Mayréna <=SEP=> Marie-Charles David de Mayréna (also known as Charles-Marie David de Mayréna and Marie I, King of Sedang; January 31, 1842 - November 11, 1890), was an eccentric French adventurer who became the self-styled king of the Sedang of the northern Central Highlands in what is now southern Vietnam.De Mayréna was born in Toulon. He fled Paris for Java in June 1883, fearing prosecution for embezzlement. The next year, he was expelled from the Dutch East Indies.

Mnemonic verse of monarchs in England <=SEP=> A mnemonic verse listing the monarchs ruling in England since William the Conqueror was traditionally used by English schoolchildren in the era when rote learning formed a major part of the curriculum.The verse omits mentioning any pre-Conquest Saxon kings. The main part of the verse is largely constant, but the stanza from the 20th century has a number of variations. Alan Bennett's staging of the verse in Forty Years On works around the issue by stopping at Victoria.

Monarch <=SEP=> A monarch is the sovereign head of state in a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the most and highest authority in the state or others may wield that power on behalf of the monarch. Typically a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch.

Monarch Mountain <=SEP=> Monarch Mountain is one of the principal summits of the Pacific Ranges subdivision of the Coast Mountains in southern British Columbia.  It stands just east of a pass between the Klinaklini River and the south branch of the Atnarko River, which is a tributary of the Bella Coola River.  Surrounding Monarch Mountain is the Monarch Icefield, the northernmost of the major icefields of the Pacific Ranges, and just south of it is the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield, which is the largest.

Monarchies in Europe <=SEP=> There are currently twelve (12) sovereign monarchies in Europe: the Principality of Andorra, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Principality of Monaco, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Kingdom of Spain, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the State of the Vatican City.

Monarchism in Canada <=SEP=> Canadian monarchism is a movement among Canadian monarchists for raising awareness of the constitutional monarchy among the Canadian public, and advocating for its retention, countering republican and anti-monarchical reform as being generally revisionist, idealistic, and ultimately impracticable.

Monarchist League of Canada <=SEP=> The Monarchist League of Canada is a nonprofit monarchist organization that describes itself as a "national patriotic society supporting Canada's constitutional monarchy."The League focuses on three areas: education, advocacy, and research. Local branches, many under the patronage of lieutenant governors, complement these areas of focus by acting as a grassroots rallying point for members.

Monarchy <=SEP=> A monarchy is a form of government in which sovereignty is actually or nominally embodied in one or several individual(s) reigning until death or abdication. They are called the monarchs. Forms of monarchy differ widely based on the level of legal autonomy the monarch holds in governance, the method of selection of the monarch, and any predetermined limits on the length of their tenure.

Monarchy in the Cook Islands <=SEP=> The Cook Islands are a constitutional monarchy within the Realm of New Zealand.Under the Cook Islands Constitution, the monarch in right of New Zealand (currently Elizabeth II) has been Head of State of the Cook Islands since 4 August 1965.  The Sovereign is represented by the Queen's Representative; as such, the Queen is the de jure head of state, holding several powers that are hers alone, while the Queen's Representative is sometimes referred to as the de facto head of state.

Monarchy in the Irish Free State <=SEP=> The Irish Free State was, in accordance with its constitution, governed formally under a form of constitutional monarchy. The British monarch was the head of state of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1931, when the Statute of Westminster came into effect, and thereafter the Irish Free State had a unique crown, though held by the same person who was sovereign for the other Dominions.

Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda <=SEP=> Antigua and Barbuda is a constitutional monarchy and a Commonwealth realm, with Queen Elizabeth II as its reigning monarch since 1 November 1981.

Monarchy of Australia <=SEP=> The monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign. Australia is a constitutional monarchy, modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary government, incorporating features unique to the Constitution of Australia.The present monarch is Elizabeth II, styled Queen of Australia, who has reigned since 6 February 1952.

Monarchy of Barbados <=SEP=> The monarchy of Barbados is the core of the country's Westminster style parliamentary democracy, being the foundation of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government. The current Barbadian monarch, since 6 February 1952, is Queen Elizabeth II. As the sovereign, she is the personal embodiment of the Barbadian Crown.

Monarchy of Belize <=SEP=> The monarchy of Belize (the Belizean monarchy) is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Belize; the incumbent is Queen Elizabeth II, officially called Queen of Belize, who has reigned since 21 September 1981. The heir apparent is Elizabeth's eldest son, Prince Charles, though the Queen is the only member of the royal family with any constitutional role.

Monarchy of Canada <=SEP=> The monarchy of Canada is the core of both Canada's federalism and its Westminster-style parliamentary democracy, being the foundation of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the federal and each provincial government. The current Canadian monarch, since 6 February 1952, is Queen Elizabeth II. As the sovereign, she is the personal embodiment of the Canadian Crown.

Monarchy of Ceylon <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Ceylon (the Ceylonese monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of British Ceylon (1815–1948) and then the Dominion of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) from 1948 to 1971. Ceylon shared the Sovereign with the other Commonwealth realms. The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Ceylon.

Monarchy of Grenada <=SEP=> The monarchy of Grenada (the Grenadian monarchy) is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Grenada. The present monarch is Elizabeth II, who is also Sovereign number of the other Commonwealth realms. The Queen's constitutional roles are mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Grenada. Royal succession is governed by the English Act of Settlement of 1701, which is part of constitutional law.

Monarchy of Guyana <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Guyana (the Guyanese monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of Guyana from 1966 to 1970. Guyana shared the Sovereign with the other Commonwealth realms. The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Guyana. The royal succession was governed by the English Act of Settlement of 1701.The monarchy was abolished in 1970, when Guyana became a republic within the Commonwealth.

Monarchy of Jamaica <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Jamaica is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Jamaica, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The terms Crown in Right of Jamaica, Her Majesty in Right of Jamaica, or The Queen in Right of Jamaica may also be used to refer to the entire executive of the government of Jamaica.

Monarchy of Mauritius <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Mauritius (the Mauritian monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of  the Mauritius from 1968 to 1992. Mauritius shared the Sovereign, Queen Elizabeth II, with the other Commonwealth realms. The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Mauritius.

Monarchy of New Zealand <=SEP=> The monarchy of New Zealand—also referred to as the Crown in Right of New Zealand, Her Majesty in Right of New Zealand, or the Queen in Right of New Zealand—is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of New Zealand, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy.

Monarchy of Norway <=SEP=> The Norwegian monarch is the monarchical head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingdoms which were united to form Norway; it has been in unions with both Sweden and Denmark for long periods.The present Sovereign is King Harald V, who has reigned since 17 January 1991. The heir apparent is his only son, Crown Prince Haakon.

Monarchy of Papua New Guinea <=SEP=> The monarchy of Papua New Guinea is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Papua New Guinea. The current monarch, since 16 September 1975, is Queen Elizabeth II. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with fifteen other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations, each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct.

Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis (the Kittitian and Nevisian monarchy) is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Saint Kitts and Nevis. The present monarch of Saint Kitts and Nevis is Elizabeth II, who is also Sovereign of the other Commonwealth realms.  The Queen's constitutional roles are mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

Monarchy of Saint Lucia <=SEP=> The monarchy of Saint Lucia (the Saint Lucian monarchy) is a system of government in which a hereditary, constitutional monarch is the sovereign of Saint Lucia. The present monarch of Saint Lucia is Elizabeth II, who is also the Sovereign of the Commonwealth realms.

Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines <=SEP=> The monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The Crown is thus is the foundation of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Vincentian government.

Monarchy of South Africa <=SEP=> The Monarchy of South Africa (the South African monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of the Union of South Africa from 1910 to 1961. South Africa shared the Sovereign with the United Kingdom, other Dominions, and latterly other Commonwealth realms. The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of the Union of South Africa.

Monarchy of Sweden <=SEP=> The Monarchy of Sweden concerns the monarchical head of state of Sweden, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige) has been a monarchy since time immemorial.

Monarchy of Thailand <=SEP=> "King of Siam" and "The King of Siam" redirect here. For the The King and I character, see The King and I#Principal roles and notable performers. For the novel, see Anna and the King of Siam (novel)The monarchy of Thailand (whose monarch is referred to as the King of Thailand or historically as King of Siam; Thai: พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย), refers to the constitutional monarchy and monarch of the Kingdom of Thailand (formerly Siam).

Monarchy of Tuvalu <=SEP=> The monarchy of Tuvalu (the Tuvaluan monarchy) is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Tuvalu. The present monarch of Tuvalu is Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the Sovereign of 15 other Commonwealth realms. The Queen's constitutional roles are mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Tuvalu.Royal succession is governed by the English Act of Settlement of 1701, which is part of constitutional law.

Monarchy of the Bahamas <=SEP=> The monarchy of the Bahamas is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since the country became independent on 10 July 1973. The Bahamas share the Sovereign with the other Commonwealth realms.

Monarchy of the Netherlands <=SEP=> The Monarchy of the Netherlands is constitutional and as such, the role and position of the monarch are defined and limited by the constitution of the Netherlands.

Monarchy of the Solomon Islands <=SEP=> The monarchy of Solomon Islands is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Solomon Islands. The present monarch of Solomon Islands is Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the Queen of a number of other Commonwealth realms.The Queen's constitutional roles have been almost entirely delegated to the Governor-General of Solomon Islands. Royal succession is governed by the English Act of Settlement of 1701, which is part of constitutional law.

Monarchy of the United Kingdom <=SEP=> The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories. The monarch's title is "King" (male) or "Queen" (female). The current monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, ascended the throne on the death of her father, King George VI, on 6 February 1952.The monarch and his or her immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties.

Order of the British Empire <=SEP=> The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is the "order of chivalry of British democracy", rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations and public service outside the Civil Service. It was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V, and comprises five classes, in civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male, or dame if female.

Parliament of the United Kingdom <=SEP=> The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the UK Parliament or the British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories. It alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in the UK and its territories.

Parliamentary system <=SEP=> A parliamentary system is a system of democratic governance of a state in which the executive branch derives its democratic legitimacy from, and is held accountable to, the legislature (parliament); the executive and legislative branches are thus interconnected. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is normally a different person from the head of government.

Politics of the Falkland Islands <=SEP=> The politics of the Falkland Islands takes place in a framework of a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary representative democratic dependency as set out by the constitution, whereby the Governor exercises the duties of head of state in the absence of the monarch and the Chief Executive acts as the head of government, with an elected Legislative Assembly to propose new laws and hold the executive to account.The islands, an archipelago in the southern Atlantic Ocean, are a self-governing British overseas territory.

Politics of the United Kingdom <=SEP=> The United Kingdom is a unitary democracy governed within the framework of a constitutional monarchy, in which the Monarch is the head of state and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by Her Majesty's Government, on behalf of and by the consent of the Monarch, as well as by the devolved Governments of Scotland and Wales, and the Northern Ireland Executive.

Prime Minister of Denmark <=SEP=> The Prime Minister of Denmark (Danish: Statsminister; literally "Minister of State") is the head of government in the Kingdom of Denmark. Before the creation of the modern office, Denmark did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested. The Constitution of 1849 established a constitutional monarchy by limiting the powers of the Monarch and creating the office of premierminister.

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom <=SEP=> The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister (informal abbreviation: PM) and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior ministers, who are government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Monarch, to Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate.

Prince of Wales <=SEP=> Prince of Wales (Welsh: Tywysog Cymru) is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent of the British or English monarch. The current Prince of Wales is Prince Charles, the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II, who is Queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other independent Commonwealth realms as well as Head of the 53-member Commonwealth of Nations.

Queen Victoria <=SEP=> Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she had the additional title of Empress of India.Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III.

Rajyabhisheka <=SEP=> Rajyabhisheka (राज्याभिषेक) is a late Vedic ceremony of coronating a monarch. It also refers to anointing(Coronating) government officials, particularly heads of state, at the time of  taking power or to mark a signal achievement.

Republicanism in the United Kingdom <=SEP=> Republicanism in the United Kingdom is a movement that seeks to replace the British monarchy with a republic. For those who want a head of state, the method by which one should be chosen is not agreed upon, with some favouring an elected president, some an appointed head of state with little power.

Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations <=SEP=> A republic in the Commonwealth of Nations is any one of the 32 sovereign states of the Commonwealth of Nations with a republican form of government. Though, with the exception of the former Portuguese possession of Mozambique and the former Belgian trust territory of Rwanda, they are all former British possessions, in contrast to the 16 Commonwealth realms they do not have Elizabeth II or another monarch as their Head of state.

Scotland <=SEP=> Scotland (/ˈskɒt.lənd/; Scots: [ˈskɔt.lənd]; Scottish Gaelic: Alba [ˈal̪ˠapə]) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west.

Sherard Cowper-Coles <=SEP=> Sir Sherard Louis Cowper-Coles KCMG LVO (born in London, England, 8 January 1955) is a British former diplomat.  He was the Foreign Secretary's Special Representative to Afghanistan and Pakistan in 2009-2010. After leaving the Foreign Office, he worked briefly for BAE Systems as international business development director. He left BAE Systems in 2013 and is now a Senior Adviser to the Group Chairman and the Group Chief Executive of HSBC. His surname is pronounced 'cooper coals'.

State funerals in the United Kingdom <=SEP=> For funerals paid for by the British state commonly known as "pauper's funerals" or "welfare funerals" see Public Health Funerals. For state funerals under the English Poor Laws see Pauper's funeral.In the United Kingdom, the term State Funeral is used primarily for the funeral of a monarch.

Terminology of the British Isles <=SEP=> Various terms are used to describe the different (and sometimes overlapping) geographical and political areas of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, and the smaller islands which surround them. The terminology is often a source of confusion, partly owing to the similarity between some of the actual words used, but also because they are often used loosely. In addition, many of the words carry both geographical and political connotations which are affected by the history of the islands.

Territorial evolution of the British Empire <=SEP=> The territorial evolution of the British Empire is considered to have begun with the foundation of the English colonial empire in the late 16th century.  Since then, many territories around the world have been under the control of the United Kingdom or its predecessor states.When the Kingdom of Great Britain was formed in 1707 by the union of the Kingdom of Scotland with the Kingdom of England, the latter country's colonial possessions passed to the new state.

The Gambia (Commonwealth realm) <=SEP=> The Commonwealth realm of the Gambia was a predecessor to the modern-day republic of The Gambia and an independent state that existed between 1965 and 1970.When British rule ended in 1965, Gambia was given independence as a Commonwealth realm. The British monarch remained head of state of the Gambia, which shared its Sovereign with the other Commonwealth realms.  The royal succession was governed by the English Act of Settlement of 1701.

United Kingdom <=SEP=> The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign state in Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the country includes the island of Great Britain—a term also applied loosely to refer to the whole country—the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands.

Yang di-Pertuan Agong <=SEP=> The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ) is the head of state (king) of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia) gained independence from the United Kingdom. Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy with an elected monarch as head of state. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is one of the few elected monarchs in the world. The consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is called the Raja Permaisuri Agong (Queen Lady Consort).