Query: bicycle sport disciplines

Relevant passages:
2002 Commonwealth Games <=SEP=> The 2002 Commonwealth Games, officially the XVII Commonwealth Games were held in Manchester, England, from 25 July to 4 August 2002. The 2002 Games were to be hosted in the United Kingdom to coincide with the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, head of the Commonwealth, and Manchester was selected for the 2002 Games ahead of London.

2005 FIA WTCC Race of Belgium <=SEP=> The 2005 FIA WTCC Race Of Belgium was the sixth round of the 2005 World Touring Car Championship season. It was held at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps. Dirk Müller won the first race in a BMW 1-2-3 podium sweep, and also extended his points lead, whereas Fabrizio Giovanardi won a wet and crash-strewn second race from pole on the reversed grid for Alfa Romeo.

2011 Games of the Small States of Europe <=SEP=> The 14th Games of the Small States of Europe, also known as the XIIIIth Games of the Small States of Europe were held between 30 May – 4 June 2011 in multiple municipalities in Liechtenstein. The Games featured competition by the 9 members of the GSSE in nine sports, with three of the sports featuring seven disciplines.

Alf Goullet <=SEP=> Alf Goullet (5 April 1891 – 11 March 1995) was an Australian cyclist who won more than 400 races on three continents, including 15 six-day races. He set world records from two-thirds of a mile to 50 miles, and the record for the distance ridden in a six-day race.

Auensteiner-Radsporttage <=SEP=> Auensteiner-Radsporttage is a women's staged cycle race which takes place in Germany and is currently rated by the UCI as 2.2.

BMX <=SEP=> BMX, an abbreviation for bicycle motocross, is a cycle sport performed on BMX bikes, either in competitive BMX racing or freestyle BMX, or else in general on- or off-road recreation. BMX began when young cyclists appropriated motocross tracks for fun, racing and stunts, eventually evolving  specialized BMX bikes and competitions.

BMX racing <=SEP=> BMX racing is a type of off-road bicycle racing. The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing. BMX bicycle races are sprint races on purpose-built off-road single-lap race tracks. The track usually consists of a starting gate for up to eight racers, a groomed, serpentine, dirt race course made of various jumps and rollers and a finish line. The course is usually flat, about 15 feet (4.6 m) wide and has large banked corners that help the riders maintain speed.

Bayern-Rundfahrt <=SEP=> The International Bayern Rundfahrt (English: Tour of Bavaria) is a stage race cycling race held each year in Bavaria, Germany. Since 2005, the race has been organised as a 2.HC event on the UCI Europe Tour.The race was held as an amateur race between 1980 and 1988.

Biathlon <=SEP=> Biathlon is a winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting.

Bicycle <=SEP=> A bicycle, often called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A bicycle rider is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century in Europe and, as of 2003, more than a billion have been produced worldwide, twice as many as the number of automobiles that have been produced. They are the principal means of transportation in many regions.

Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics <=SEP=> Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them. Dynamics is a branch of classical mechanics, which in turn is a branch of physics. Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and vibration.

Bicycle commuting <=SEP=> Bicycle commuting is the use of a bicycle to travel from home to a place of work or study — in contrast to the use of a bicycle for sport, recreation or touring.Commuting especially lends itself to areas with relatively flat terrain and arrangements to keep riders relatively safe from the hazards of accidents with motorized traffic, e.g.

Bicycle fork <=SEP=> A bicycle fork is the part of a bicycle that holds the front wheel.A fork typically consists of two blades which are joined at the top by a fork crown. Above the crown, a steerer tube attaches the fork to the bicycle and the handlebars (via a stem) allowing the user to steer the bicycle.  The steerer tube of the fork interfaces with the frame via bearings called a headset mounted in the head tube.At the bottom of the fork, dropouts hold the wheel.

Bicycle frame <=SEP=> A  bicycle frame is the main component of a bicycle, onto which wheels and other components are fitted. The modern and most common frame design for an upright bicycle is based on the safety bicycle, and consists of two triangles, a main triangle and a paired rear triangle. This is known as the diamond frame. Frames are required to be strong, stiff and light, which they do by combining different materials and shapes.

Bicycle gearing <=SEP=> Bicycle gearing is the aspect of a bicycle drivetrain that determines the relation between the cadence, the rate at which the rider pedals, and the rate at which the drive wheel turns.On some bicycles, there is only one gear and the gear ratio is fixed. Many contemporary bicycles have multiple gears and thus multiple gear ratios.

Bicycle handlebar <=SEP=> Bicycle handlebar or bicycle handlebars refers to the steering mechanism for bicycles; the equivalent of a steering wheel. Besides steering, handlebars also often support a portion of the rider's weight, depending on their riding position, and provide a convenient mounting place for brake levers, shift levers, cyclocomputers, bells, etc. Handlebars are attached to a bike's stem which in turn attaches to the fork.

Bicycle lock <=SEP=> A bicycle lock is a security device used to deter bicycle theft, generally by fastening the bicycle to a fixed object, e.g., a bike rack.An inherent challenge to bicycle theft prevention is wheels and bicycle seats (seatpost fastener) with a quick-release lever, making them detachable  from the frame (on most but the most economical of bicycles).  Unless both wheels and frame are secured, wheels can be removed separately.

Bicycle pedal <=SEP=> The bicycle pedal is the part of a bicycle that the rider pushes with their foot to propel the bicycle. It provides the connection between the cyclist's foot or shoe and the crank allowing the leg to turn the bottom bracket spindle and propel the bicycle's wheels.

Bicycle saddle <=SEP=> A bicycle saddle, often called a seat, is one of three contact points on an upright bicycle, the others being the pedals and the handlebars.The bicycle saddle has been known as such since the bicycle evolved from the draisine, a forerunner of the bicycle.

Bicycle suspension <=SEP=> Bicycle suspension is the system, or systems, used to suspend the rider and bicycle in order to insulate them from the roughness of the terrain.

Bicycle tire <=SEP=> A bicycle tire is a tire that fits on the wheel of a bicycle, unicycle, tricycle, quadracycle, bicycle trailer, or trailer bike. They may also be used on wheelchairs and handcycles, especially for racing. Bicycle tires provide an important source of suspension, generate the lateral forces necessary for balancing and turning, and generate the longitudinal forces necessary for propulsion and braking. They are the second largest source, after air drag, of power consumption on a level road.

Bicycle touring <=SEP=> Bicycle touring means self-contained cycling trips for pleasure, adventure and autonomy rather than sport, commuting or exercise.  Touring can range from single to multi-day trips, even years. Tours may be planned by the participant or organised by a holiday business, a club, or a charity as a fund-raising venture.

Bicycle transportation planning and engineering <=SEP=> Bicycle transportation planning and engineering are the disciplines related to transportation engineering and transportation planning concerning bicycles as a mode of transport and the concomitant study, design and implementation of cycling infrastructure. It includes the study and design of dedicated transport facilities for cyclists (e.g. cyclist-only paths) as well as mixed-mode environments (i.e.

Bicycle wheel <=SEP=> A bicycle wheel is a wheel, most commonly a wire wheel, designed for a bicycle. A pair is often called a wheelset, especially in the context of ready built "off the shelf" performance-oriented wheels.Bicycle wheels are typically designed to fit into the frame and fork via dropouts, and hold bicycle tires.

Björn Leukemans <=SEP=> Björn Leukemans (born 1 July 1977 in Deurne) is a Belgian professional road bicycle racer.  During 2008 Leukemans was suspended for doping with artificial testosterone.  In 2009 he joined the Vacansoleil team.Leukemans joined Wanty-Groupe Gobert for the 2014 season, after his previous team – Vacansoleil-DCM – folded at the end of the 2013 season.

Brian Foster (BMX rider) <=SEP=> Brian Keith Foster (born June 29, 1972 in Wilmington, Delaware (later raised in Joppa, Maryland) USA) is a professional American Bicycle Motocross (BMX) legend whose prime competitive years were from 1992–2000.Had the nicknames "Blue Falcon", BF" and "Dirt" Brain Foster is one half of one of those sibling combinations that every so often that appear in BMX, usually brothers and along with his brother Alan they were the Mid School era's answer to Old School's *Brent & Brian Patterson and Eddy & Mike King. @en <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Foster_(BMX_rider)?oldid=667092211> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Perosinho> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> Perosinho is a former civil parish in the municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Serzedo e Perosinho. The population in 2011 was 6,359, in an area of 5.29 km².

CFI International Race <=SEP=> CFI International Race are a series of three men's one-day cycle race which takes place in India and were each rated by the UCI as 1.2. Each race forms part of the UCI Asia Tour. The first race took place in Mumbai, the second in Jaipur  and the third in Dehli.

Cannondale-Garmin <=SEP=> Cannondale-Garmin, officially Team Cannondale-Garmin (UCI Code: TCG), is an American professional cycling team. Founded in 2003, the squad entered the UCI World Tour in 2009. Headquartered in Boulder, Colorado, the team maintains an equipment and training facility in Girona, Catalonia, Spain. Slipstream Sports LLC, a holding company, owns Cannondale-Garmin. The general manager is American Jonathan Vaughters and the directeur sportifs are South African Robert Hunter and Briton Charles Wegelius.

Central European Tour Miskolc GP <=SEP=> Central European Tour Miskolc GP is a cycling race in Hungary. It was first run in 2010 and is part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 1.2 level race. It is held the day before Central European Tour Budapest GP.

Classica Sarda <=SEP=> Classica Sarda is a road bicycle race held in Sardinia, an Italian island. The race was first organised in 2010 (from Olbia to Pantogia) as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour. It is held after the Giro di Sardegna.

Clássica Loulé <=SEP=> Clássica Loulé is a men's one-day cycle race which takes place in Portugal and was rated by the UCI as 1.2 and forms part of the UCI Europe Tour.

Cootamundra Annual Classic <=SEP=> The Cootamundra Annual Classic, also known as the Coota Classic or Coota Annual is a bicycle handicap race starting and finishing in the New South Wales town of Cootamundra.  First run in 1955, the race is traditionally held on the last weekend in August.  Today it's one of the oldest open road races in New South Wales.

Cross-country cycling <=SEP=> Cross-country (XC) cycling is the most common discipline of mountain biking. Cross-country cycling became an Olympic sport in 1996 and is the only form of mountain biking practiced at the Olympics.

Cycle polo <=SEP=> Cycle polo is a team sport, similar to traditional polo, except that bicycles are used instead of horses. There are 2 versions of the sport: grass and Hardcourt Bike Polo.

Cycle sport <=SEP=> Cycle sport is competitive physical activity using bicycles. There are several categories of bicycle racing including road bicycle racing, time trialling, cyclo-cross, mountain bike racing, track cycling, BMX,  and cycle speedway. Non-racing cycling sports include artistic cycling, cycle polo, freestyle BMX and mountain bike trials.

Cycling <=SEP=> Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, exercise or sport. Persons engaged in cycling are referred to as "cyclists", "bikers", or less commonly, as "bicyclists". Apart from two-wheeled bicycles, "cycling" also includes the riding of unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, and similar human-powered vehicles (HPVs).Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century and now number approximately one billion worldwide.

Cycling Australia <=SEP=> Cycling Australia (CA), the trading name of the Australian Cycling Federation Inc, is the national governing body for bicycle racing in Australia, and represents the interests of affiliated cycling clubs and State federations. It covers the disciplines of road, track, mountain bike, cyclo-cross, BMX. In 2013, Cycling Australia had nearly 50,000 members including Mountain Bike Australia (MTBA) and BMX Australia (BMXA) members.

Cycling at the 1996 Summer Paralympics <=SEP=> Cycling at the 1996 Summer Paralympics consisted of 23 events in two disciplines, road cycling and track cycling.

Cycling at the 2000 Summer Paralympics <=SEP=> Cycling at the 2000 Summer Paralympics consisted of 27 events in two disciplines, road cycling and track cycling.

Cycling at the 2004 Summer Paralympics <=SEP=> Cycling at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, consisted of 31 events in two disciplines, track cycling and road cycling. Track cycling took place at the Olympic Velodrome, and road cycling at Vouliagmeni.

Cycling at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics <=SEP=> Cycling at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics was contested in Singapore from 17 through 22 August 2010. There was one event held, a combined mixed-gender team event with sub-events in the disciplines of Bicycle Motocross (BMX), road cycling and mountain biking. Each team consisted of three boys and one girl, with the three boys required to compete in one discipline each (BMX, MTB and road time trial) while the girl had to compete in all three disciplines.

Cycling in Melbourne <=SEP=> Cycling in Melbourne, Victoria is common for recreation, commuting and sport. The city has an extensive network of off-road bicycle paths, as well as designated bicycle lanes on many streets. There is an active cycling culture enhanced by a relatively flat topography, and a generally mild climate.Cycling in Melbourne was a very popular form of transport at the turn of the 19th century, however mass car-ownership saw a dramatic decline in cycling during the 20th century.

Cycling infrastructure <=SEP=> Cycling infrastructure refers to all infrastructure which may be used by cyclists.

Cyclo-cross <=SEP=> Cyclo-cross (sometimes cyclocross, CX, CCX, cyclo-X or ‍ '​cross) is a form of bicycle racing. Races typically take place in the autumn and winter (the international or "World Cup" season is October–February), and consist of many laps of a short (2.5–3.5  km or 1.5–2  mile) course featuring pavement, wooded trails, grass, steep hills and obstacles requiring the rider to quickly dismount, carry the bike while navigating the obstruction and remount.

Damian McDonald <=SEP=> Damian McDonald (12 May 1972 – 23 March 2007) was an Australian road bicycle racer, who was born in Wangaratta. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. McDonald died on 23 March 2007. He was one of three men killed in a collision and explosion in the Burnley Tunnel in Melbourne, Victoria.

David Clinton <=SEP=> David Clinton (b. January 2, 1960 in Sun Valley, California) is an "Old School" former professional Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer whose prime competitive years were from 1973 to 1979. Nicknamed "Dynamite" early in his career David Clinton could be truthfully said to be the sport's first true superstar. He was the first racer to win an official National No.1 plate of any kind when the first BMX sanctioning body, the National Bicycle Association (NBA), introduced the title in 1975.

Denis Galimzyanov <=SEP=> Denis Ramilyevich Galimzyanov (Tatar: Денис Рамил улы Галимҗанов, Russian: Денис Рамильевич Галимзянов; born 7 March 1987 in Yekaterinburg, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI ProTeam Team Katusha. He obtained a major victory in the classic Paris–Brussels in 2011, where he imposed himself in a massive sprint after 218.5 kilometers of racing.

Dominican Republic Cycling Federation <=SEP=> The Dominican Republic Cycling Federation (in Spanish: Federación Dominicana de Ciclismo) is the national governing body of cycle racing in the Dominican Republic.It is a member of the UCI and COPACI.It covers the disciplines of road racing, track cycling, cyclo-cross, BMX, mountain biking and cycle speedway.

Downhill <=SEP=> Downhill is an alpine skiing discipline. Unlike the other alpine skiing events,  slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined, which emphasize turning and technique, downhill is more about speed. Speeds of up to 130 km/h are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.The term downhill skiing is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing, both for the FIS sport and the recreational activity.

Electric bicycle laws <=SEP=> Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles. Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture. Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.

Eva Lechner <=SEP=> Eva Lechner is an Italian cyclo-cross, road bicycle racer and mountain bike racer who has won at least one national title in all three disciplines. She won the team relay at the 2012 Mountain bike World Championships together with Luca Braidot, Marco Aurelio Fontana and Beltain Schmid. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the Women's cross-country finishing in 17th place.

Exercise and music <=SEP=> The interplay of exercise and music have been long-discussed, crossing the disciplines of biomechanics, neurology, physiology and sport psychology. People "automatically feel the beat" of the music they listen to and instinctively adjust their walking pace and heart rate to the tempo of the music. Listening to music while exercising has been found in multiple studies to create an increased sense of motivation, distracting the mind while increasing heart rate.

Federación Mexicana de Ciclismo <=SEP=> The Mexican Cycling Federation (in Spanish: Federación Mexicana de Ciclismo) is the national governing body of cycle racing in Mexico.It covers the disciplines of road racing, track cycling, cyclo-cross, BMX, mountain biking and cycle speedway.It is a member of the UCI and Confederacion Panamericana de Ciclismo.

Fixed-gear bicycle <=SEP=> A fixed-gear bicycle (or fixed-wheel bicycle, commonly known in some places as a fixie) is a bicycle that has a drivetrain with no freewheel mechanism. The freewheel was developed early in the history of bicycle design but the fixed-gear bicycle remained the standard track racing design.

Flatland BMX <=SEP=> Flatland is a freestyle BMX riding style performed on smooth flat surfaces that do not include any ramps, jumps, or grindrails. It is sometimes described as a form of artistic cycling with a blend of breakdancing. Despite the conceptions of Flatland practitioners, the sport has little in common with Zen meditation.Flatland occupies a position somewhat removed from the rest of freestyle BMX.

Flèche d'Emeraude <=SEP=> Flèche d'Emeraude is a single-day road bicycle race to be held annually from 2011 in April in a circuit around Saint-Malo, Brittany, France. The race will be organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

Freeride <=SEP=> Freeride is a discipline of mountain biking closely related to downhill biking and dirt jumping focused on tricks, style, and technical trail features. It is now recognized as one of the most popular disciplines within mountain biking.The term freeriding was originally coined by snowboarders, meaning riding without a set course, goals or rules on natural terrain. In mountain biking, it is riding trail with the most creative line possible that includes style, amplitude, control, and speed.

GP Laguna <=SEP=> GP Laguna is a men's one-day cycle race which took place in Croatia and was rated by the UCI as 1.2 and forms part of the UCI Europe Tour.

German Cycling Federation <=SEP=> The German Cycling Federation or BDR (in German: Bund Deutscher Radfahrer) is the national governing body of cycle racing in Germany.The BDR is a member of the UCI and the UEC.

Giant-Australian Institute of Sport <=SEP=> The Giant-Australian Institute of Sport Cycling Team (UCI team code: GIA) was an Australian professional cycling team sponsored by the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) and bicycle manufacturer  Giant.  Heiko Salzwedel and Brian Stephens were early directeur sportifs. The fusion of the Giant-AIS  and the Czech Husquarna  team in 1997 extended its International profile, allowing to include foreign riders, such as Jens Voigt, Jan Hruška, Tomáš Konečný.

Giro Feminino de Ciclismo <=SEP=> The Giro Feminino de Ciclismo is a women's staged cycle race which takes place in Brazil and is currently rated by the UCI as 2.2.

Golan (cycling race) <=SEP=> Golan was an elite series of women's professional one-day road bicycle races held in Syria. The event consisted of three one-day races (Golan I, Golan II and Golan III) and each of the events were rated by the UCI as a 1.2 races.

Gran Prix San Luis Femenino <=SEP=> Gran Prix San Luis Femenino is a women's staged cycle race which takes place in Argentina.

Grand Prix Elsy Jacobs <=SEP=> The Festival Luxembourgeois du cyclisme féminin Elsy Jacobs formerly known as the Grand Prix Elsy Jacobs is an international women's road bicycle race held in Garnich, Luxembourg. Since 2008 this event is on the UCI women's elite cycle racing calendar.

Grand Prix of Maykop <=SEP=> The Grand Prix of Maykop is an elite women's professional one-day road bicycle race held in Maykop, Russia, and is currently rated by the UCI as a 1.2 race.

Harry Leary <=SEP=> Harry Clarence Leary Jr. (born February 22, 1959 in Lynwood, California U.S. Later raised in West Covina, California) was a "Old School" professional bicycle motocross (BMX) racer.Nicknamed "Scary Harry Leary", and later "Turbo", the former for his aggressive racing style, the latter was a moniker coined by Bicycle Motocross Action magazine when he "Turboed" himself into finishing National No.

Hybrid bicycle <=SEP=> Hybrid bicycles blend characteristics from more specialized road bikes, touring bikes and mountain bikes. The resulting "hybrid" is a general-purpose bike that can tolerate a wide range of riding conditions and applications.

Individual time trial <=SEP=> An individual time trial (ITT) is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock on flat or rolling terrain, or up a mountain road such as Alpe d'Huez (in French: contre la montre – literally "against the watch", in Italian: tappa a cronometro "stopwatch stage"). There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials (TTT).

Joey Bradford <=SEP=> Joseph Bradford (born October 10, 1989 in Monterey, California USA) is an American professional "New/Current School" Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer whose prime competitive years are from 1999 to the present. His nickname is simply "Joey".

John Tomac <=SEP=> John Tomac (born November 3, 1967, in Owosso, Michigan) is an American retired professional cyclist who competed in multiple disciplines in road racing and mountain biking during a successful senior career that spanned twenty years. He is regarded as a mountain biking icon and was inducted into the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame in 1991. He is a true all-rounder, having won major national and international titles in four disciplines.

Jørgen V. Pedersen <=SEP=> Jørgen V. Pedersen (born 8 October 1959 in Copenhagen, Hovedstaden) is a retired Danish road bicycle racer, and as of 2007 sports director at Team CSC.He participated in Tour de France in 1985, 1986, and 1987 for the Carrera Jeans-Vagabond team. In 1988 he rode the tour for BH. In 1985 he won the 10th stage. In 1986 he rode, as the second Dane, five days in the yellow jersey.

List of bicycle types <=SEP=> This list gives an overview of different types of bicycles, categorized by function (racing, recreation, etc.); number of riders (one, two, or more); by construction or frame type (upright, folding, etc.); by gearing (single speed, derailleur gears, etc.); by sport (mountain biking, BMX, triathlon, etc.); by means of propulsion (human-powered, motor-assisted, etc.); and by rider position (upright, recumbent, etc.) The list also includes miscellaneous types such as pedicabs, rickshaws, and clown bikes.

Lotus 108 <=SEP=> The Lotus Type 108 (originally known as LotusSport Pursuit Bicycle) is an Olympic individual pursuit bicycle. The revolutionary frame is an advanced aerofoil cross-section using a carbon composite monocoque. The use of monocoque frames for bikes is not new, but their development was improved through the work of Norfolk based designer Mike Burrows, who advanced both the design and build through utilising carbon fibre mouldings.

Maratona dles Dolomites <=SEP=> The Maratona dles Dolomites (Dolomites Marathon), is an annual single-day road bicycle race covering seven spectacular mountain passes in the Dolomites. Open to amateur cyclists, the Maratona—with 9,000 riders from over 40 nations—is one of the biggest Italian Granfondo bicycle races. National Geographic described it as "one of the biggest, most passionate, and most chaotic bike races on Earth."

Mark Cavendish <=SEP=> Mark Simon Cavendish, MBE (born 21 May 1985) is a Manx professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Etixx-Quick Step.

Mathieu van der Poel <=SEP=> Mathieu van der Poel (born 19 January 1995) is a Dutch cyclist, who currently competes in the cyclo-cross and road bicycle racing disciplines of the sport for the BKCP-Powerplus team.

Memorial Cimurri <=SEP=> The Memorial Cimurri (also called Gran Premio Bioera) is a late season road bicycle race held annually near Reggio Emilia, in the region of Emilia Romagna, Italy. Since 2005, the race has been organised as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

Memorial Davide Fardelli - Cronometro Individuale <=SEP=> Memorial Davide Fardelli — Cronometro Individuale was a women's time trial cycle race which took place in Italy and was ranked by the UCI as 1.2.

Michiel Elijzen <=SEP=> Michiel Elijzen (born 31 August 1982 in Culemborg, Gelderland) is a Dutch former professional road bicycle racer. He was born in Culemborg. He retired from competition after the 2010 season to become a sporting director for Omega Pharma-Lotto, the team for which he last rode competitively.  Subsequently, he served as a sporting manager for Blanco Pro Cycling and Belkin Pro Cycling before joining the new SEG Racing team in 2015.

Milad de Noor Tour <=SEP=> Milad de Noor Tour is a men's stage race cycle race which is scheduled to take place in Iran and was rated by the UCI as 2.2 and forms part of the UCI Asia Tour.

Moldova President's Cup <=SEP=> Moldova President's Cup is an international road bicycle racing tournament in Chişinău (Moldova), it was created in 2003.

Motorized bicycle <=SEP=> A motorized bicycle is a bicycle with an attached motor and transmission used either to power the vehicle unassisted, or to assist with pedaling. Since it always retains both pedals and a discrete connected drive for rider-powered propulsion, the motorized bicycle is in technical terms a true bicycle, albeit a power-assisted one.

Mountain bike <=SEP=> A mountain bike or mountain bicycle (abbreviated MTB; or ATB, for all-terrain bicycle) is a  bicycle created for off-road cycling.Mountain bikes are typically ridden on mountain trails, fire roads, logging roads, single tracks and other unpaved environments. These types of terrain commonly include rocks, washouts, ruts, loose sand, loose gravel, roots, and steep grades (both inclines and declines).

Mountain bike racing <=SEP=> Mountain bike racing (shortened MTB or ATB racing) is a competitive cycle sport held on off-road terrain. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) recognised the discipline relatively late in 1990, when it sanctioned the world championships in Purgatory, Colorado. The first mountain biking world cup series took place in 1991. Its nine-race circuit covered two continents—Europe and North America—and was sponsored by Grundig.

Mountain bike trials <=SEP=> Mountain bike trials, also known as observed trials, is a discipline of mountain biking in which the rider attempts to pass through an obstacle course without setting foot to ground. Derived from motorcycle trials, it originated in Catalonia, Spain and is said to have been invented by the father of Ot Pi, a world champion motorcycle trials rider.

Mountain biking <=SEP=> Mountain biking is the sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes, but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain.Mountain biking can generally be broken down into multiple categories: cross country, trail riding, all mountain (also referred to as "Enduro"), downhill, freeride and dirt jumping.

National Bicycle Association <=SEP=> The National Bicycle Association (NBA), later known as the National Bicycle Motocross Association (NbmxA), was a United States-based Bicycle Motocross (BMX) sports sanctioning body originally based in Soledad, California that was created by Ernie Alexander in 1973 and ceased operations as an independent body in 1981. It was the first and for its first few years until 1980 the largest sanctioning body in the United States concerning BMX.

National Pedal Sport Association <=SEP=> The National Pedal Sport Association (NPSA) was a South Eastern USA regional Bicycle Motocross (BMX) sanctioning body originally based in Palm Harbor, Florida. It then soon after moved to Dunedin, Florida, for most of its existence. Then in its last years Pinellas Park, Florida, was its headquarters.

New Zealand at the 2006 Commonwealth Games <=SEP=> New Zealand at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia was represented by 249 athletes competing in over 19 disciplines, with 119 officials. This was the largest team that New Zealand had ever sent to a Commonwealth Games.New Zealand has competed in every Commonwealth Games since the first British Empire Games in 1930, and is one of only six teams to have done so. Selection is the responsibility of the New Zealand Olympic Committee.

Olga Sokolova (cyclist) <=SEP=> Olga Sokolova (born 26 December 1969 in Russia) is a former Russian road racing cyclist. She won a gold medal at the UCI Road World Championships in the team time trial in 1993 and 1994.

Olympic sports <=SEP=> Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. The 2012 Summer Olympics included 26 sports, with two additional sports due to be added to the 2016 Summer Olympics. The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports. The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another. Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).

Outline of bicycles <=SEP=> The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to bicycles:Bicycle – pedal-driven, human-powered, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A person who rides a bicycle is called a cyclist or a bicyclist, and the activity is called cycling.  Also known as a bike, push bike or cycle.

Oxford University Cycling Club <=SEP=> Oxford University Cycling Club (OUCC) was founded in 1873, making it one of the oldest cycling clubs in the United Kingdom.Cycling is a discretionary full blue sport at Oxford University, with half blues awarded to the three riders comprising the fastest Oxford team in the Varsity Match against Cambridge, as well as three full blues awarded at the captain's discretion.

Panasonic Sport Deluxe <=SEP=> The Panasonic Sport Deluxe is a road sport bicycle by National (later, Panasonic), which was exported to the United States from 1971 to 1989.  Originally built in Osaka, Japan, later bikes may be either of Japanese or Taiwanese origin. The Panasonic Sport Deluxe utilized Suntour and Shimano group parts such as derailleurs, shifters, and crankset.

Pomerania Tour <=SEP=> The Pomerania Tour (2003-2008: Pomorski Klasyk) is a cycling race held annually in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. It was first held in 2003 as the Pomorski Klasyk and since 2005 has been part of the UCI Europe Tour. In 2009, the name was changed to Pomerania Tour and the event was extended to a stage race. In 2010, it was held as a single-day race again.

Presidency Tour <=SEP=> Presidency Tour is a men's one-day cycle race which is schedules to take place in Iran and was rated by the UCI as 2.2 and forms part of the UCI Asia Tour.

Racing bicycle <=SEP=> A racing bicycle, also known as a road bike, is a bicycle designed for competitive road cycling, a sport governed by according to the rules of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). The UCI rules were altered in 1934 to exclude recumbent bicycles.The most important characteristics about a racing bicycle are its weight and stiffness which determine the efficiency at which the power from a rider's pedal strokes can be transferred to the drive-train and subsequently to its wheels.

Rainbow jersey <=SEP=> The rainbow jersey is the distinctive jersey worn by the reigning world champion in a bicycle racing discipline, since 1927. The jersey is predominantly white with five horizontal bands in the UCI colours around the chest. From the bottom up the colours are: green, yellow, black, red and blue; the same colours that appear in the rings on the Olympic flag.

Redlands Bicycle Classic <=SEP=> The Redlands Bicycle Classic is a cycling stage race located in Redlands, California, United States that has been held since 1985. It consists of two road races, an Individual Time Trial and a Criterium. It is a 4-day/4-stage race that covers approximately 350 miles. The annual event is sponsored by the city of Redlands.

Renaud Dion <=SEP=> Renaud Dion (born 6 January 1978 in Gien) is a French professional road racing cyclist, who last rode with the Bretagne-Séché Environnement team. Dion spent four years with UCI ProTeam Ag2r-La Mondiale, and made his professional debut in 2004 with R.A.G.T. Semences-MG Rover.

Road bicycle racing <=SEP=> Road bicycle racing is a bicycle racing sport held on paved roads. The term "road racing" is usually applied to events where competing riders start simultaneously (unless riding a handicap event) with the winner being the first to the line at the end of the course (individual and team time trials are another form of cycle racing on roads).

Road cycling <=SEP=> Road cycling is the most widespread form of cycling. It includes recreational, racing, and utility cycling. Road cyclists are generally expected to obey the same rules and laws as other vehicle drivers or riders and may also be vehicular cyclists.Road cycling is an activity most commonly performed on a bicycle.

Rund um Berlin <=SEP=> The Rund um Berlin was a classic cycling race which was based around the German city of Berlin. It was the oldest cycling race in Germany until it disappeared in 2000. Although it was one of the oldest races in the world, its importance was merely restricted to Germany. It was usually only contested by Germans and only three times the winner was not German.

Saeco (cycling team) <=SEP=> Saeco was the name of an Italian road bicycle racing team, sponsored by the company with the same name, and rode on Cannondale bicycles.The company did not prolong the sponsorship for 2005, and the team was merged with the Lampre team, forming Lampre-Caffita, sponsored by Caffita.

Samantha Cools <=SEP=> Samantha "Sammy" Cools (born March 3, 1986) is a Canadian Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer. Born in Calgary, Alberta, she was introduced to the sport by her brothers Greg, coach of the New Zealand BMX team, and Ken. She currently lives in Airdrie, Alberta.Winning her very first race at three years of age and her first international race at age 10, she is now a 13-time Canadian national champion and five-time world junior champion. She is coached by Hervé Krebs.

Schwinn Bicycle Company <=SEP=> The Schwinn Bicycle Company was founded by German-born mechanical engineer Ignaz Schwinn (1860–1945) in Chicago in 1895. It became the dominant manufacturer of American bicycles through most of the 20th century and today, after declaring bankruptcy in 1992, it is a sub-brand of Pacific Cycle, owned by the multi-national conglomerate, Dorel Industries.

Scot Breithaupt <=SEP=> Scot Alexander Breithaupt (July 14, 1957 – July 4, 2015) was an entrepreneur, "Old School" professional Motorcycle MX and Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer and a founding father of BMX in 1970 whose prime competitive years were from 1970 to 1984. Many consider him, in some ways, a founder of "Old School BMX"—an era from roughly 1969 to 1987 or 1988, from its very beginnings to just after its first major slump in popularity from 1985 to 1988.

Shimano <=SEP=> Shimano, Inc. (株式会社シマノ, Kabushiki-gaisha Shimano) is a Japanese multinational manufacturer of cycling components, fishing tackle, and rowing equipment. It produced golf supplies until 2005 and snowboarding gear until 2008.Headquartered in Sakai, Japan, the company has 32 consolidated subsidiaries and 11 unconsolidated subsidiaries.

Single-speed bicycle <=SEP=> A single-speed bicycle is a type of bicycle with a single gear ratio.

Sochi Cup <=SEP=> Sochi Cup is a men's one-day cycle race which takes place in Sochi, Russia and was rated by the UCI as 1.2 and forms part of the UCI Europe Tour.

Stu Thomsen <=SEP=> Stuart L. Thomsen (born May 20, 1958 in Whittier, California) was an American bicycle motocross (BMX) racer.Stu Thomsen was one of the first of the "Old School" of professional BMX racers who gained fame in the early days of the sport beginning in 1974. His prime competitive years were from 1976-1985.

Stéphane Augé <=SEP=> Stéphane Augé (born December 6, 1974 in Pau) is a French former road racing cyclist. He is currently a sporting director for UCI Professional Continental team Cofidis. While he had a contract to ride competitively with them in the 2011 season, he chose instead to retire as a cyclist and fill an opening in the team's management. He was known to be part of the escapees in every first stage of the Tour de France.

Team IG-Sigma Sport <=SEP=> Team IG-Sigma Sport (UCI Team Code: IGS) are a British UCI Continental cycling team.

Terry Tenette <=SEP=> Terry Tenette (b. August 10, 1968 in Palo Alto, California U.S.) is a professional "Old/Mid School" Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer whose prime competitive years were from 1989 to 1998.His nickname "Mr. T" is an allusion to the alliteration of his given and family name, both starting with the letter "T". It is also an incidental reference to the American actor with the stage name "Mr. T" who played a character on the popular 1980s American television show "The A-Team", Sgt. Bosco "B.A." Baracus.

Time (bicycles) <=SEP=> TIME Sport International is a French manufacturer of bicycles and cycling equipment, including bicycle frames, cycling shoes, clipless bicycle pedals, cranksets, and gloves.

Time trial <=SEP=> In many racing sports an athlete (or occasionally a team of athletes) will compete in a time trial against the clock to secure the fastest time. In cycling, for example, a time trial (TT) can be a single track cycling event, or an individual or team time trial on the road, and either or both of the latter may form components of multi-day stage races.

Tinker Juarez <=SEP=> David Juarez (born March 4, 1961 in Downey, California U.S.) is a former professional "Old School" Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer and current top mountain bike racer whose prime competitive years in BMX were from 1978 to 1984 and in mountain bike racing 1986 to the present. Since 1986, he has been a mountain bike racer and since late 2005, competing as an ultra-distance road bike racer. In all three disciplines, he has won numerous national and international competitions.

Tjejtrampet <=SEP=> Tjejtrampet was an annual road bicycle racing event which, as the name tells, was only for female participants. The events were held in Sweden by lagte May between 1990-2009. The race was held for first time on 13 May 1990 and was won by Marianne Berglund.In 2006, the competitions were moved from Stockholm to Västerås.

Tour Ivoirien de la Paix <=SEP=> Tour Ivoirien de la Paix is a professional road bicycle racing event held in Côte d'Ivoire that began in 2008. The 6-day stage race is part of the UCI Africa Tour. In its inaugural year, the Tour received a UCI rating of 2.1. The second edition of the race is planned for 2011.

Tour Languedoc Roussillon <=SEP=> Tour Languedoc Roussillon was a women's staged cycle race which took place in France and was rated by the UCI as 2.2.

Tour de Serbie <=SEP=> Tour de Serbie is a road bicycle race held annually in Serbia. First held in 1939, since 2005 it has been ranked 2.2 on the UCI Europe Tour.

Tour of Adygeya <=SEP=> Tour of Adygeya is a women's staged cycle race which takes place in Russia and is currently rated by the UCI as 2.2.

Tour of Bulgaria <=SEP=> The Tour of Bulgaria is an annual international professional bicycle race held in Bulgaria that was first staged on 21 August 1924. It is part of UCI Europe Tour and is category 2.2. The race covers about 1,500 kilometres and lasts two weeks. As of 2012, 62 editions were held. The longest length of the race was in 1949 – 1905 km. The course changes every year, but the race has always started in Sofia.In the race, cyclists from more than 40 countries have been competing.

Tour of Chongming Island <=SEP=> The Tour of Chongming Island, officially the Tour of Chongming Island International Cycling Race is an annual elite women's road bicycle racing stage race held in Shanghai, China, named after Chongming Island. The Tour consists of two races: a stage race and a one-day race. Between 2007 and 2009, the one-day race was a time trial; in 2010, the time trial was replaced by a one-day race, referred to as the Tour of Chongming Island World Cup, that is part of the UCI Women's Road World Cup.

Tour of Flanders for Women <=SEP=> The Tour of Flanders for Women (Dutch: Ronde van Vlaanderen voor Vrouwen) is the women's edition of the Tour of Flanders, a road bicycle racing event in Flanders, Belgium. The women’s Tour of Flanders has been held every spring since 2004 on the same day as the men's race and is part of the UCI Women's Road World Cup. The race runs over a course that follows the last 55 km of the men's race to finish in Meerbeke.

Tour of Nanjing <=SEP=> Tour of Nanjing is a men's one-day cycle race which takes place in China and was rated by the UCI as 1.2 and forms part of the UCI Asia Tour.

Tour of South China Sea <=SEP=> The Tour of South China Sea is an annual professional road bicycle racing classic one-day race held in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau since 1996 as part of the UCI Asia Tour. It has been held during Christmas holiday every year since 1996 to celebrate the handover of Hong Kong and Macau to China. The race was won four times by Wong Kam-po. The race is currently rated by the International Cycling Union (UCI) as a 1.2 category race.

Tour of Sweden <=SEP=> The Tour of Sweden (or Postgirot Open) was an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Sweden from 1982 to 2002.

Tour of Yancheng Coastal Wetlands <=SEP=> Tour of Yancheng Costal Wetlands is a men's one-day cycle race which takes place in China and was rated by the UCI as 1.2 and forms part of the UCI Asia Tour.

Touring bicycle <=SEP=> A touring bicycle is a bicycle designed or modified to handle bicycle touring. To make the bikes sufficiently robust, comfortable and capable of carrying heavy loads, special features may include a long wheelbase (for ride comfort and to avoid pedal-to-luggage conflicts), frame materials that favor flexibility over rigidity (for ride comfort), heavy duty wheels (for load capacity), and multiple mounting points (for luggage racks, fenders, and bottle cages).

Track bicycle <=SEP=> A track bicycle or track bike is a bicycle optimized for racing at a velodrome or outdoor track. Unlike road bicycles, the track bike is a fixed-gear bicycle; thus, it has only a single gear and has neither a freewheel nor brakes. Tires are narrow and inflated to high pressure to reduce rolling resistance. Tubular tires are most often used in track racing and training, though advances in clincher tire design have seen them being used somewhat more often.

Track cycling <=SEP=> Track Cycling is a bicycle racing sport usually held on specially built banked tracks or velodromes (but many events are held at older velodromes where the track banking is relatively shallow) using track bicycles.

Track racing <=SEP=> Track racing is a form of motorcycle racing where teams or individuals race opponents around an oval track. There are differing variants, with each variant racing on a different surface type.The most common variant is Speedway which has many professional domestic and international competitions in a number of countries.Administered internationally by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), the sport became popular in the 1920s and remains so today.

Trek Bicycle Corporation <=SEP=> Trek Bicycle Corporation is a major bicycle and cycling product manufacturer and distributor under brand names Trek, Electra Bicycle Company, Gary Fisher, Bontrager, Diamant Bikes, Villiger Bikes and until 2008, LeMond Racing Cycles and Klein.  With its headquarters in Waterloo, Wisconsin, Trek bicycles are marketed through 1,700 dealers across North America, subsidiaries in Europe and Asia as well as distributors in 90 countries worldwide.

Triathlon <=SEP=> A triathlon is a multiple-stage competition involving the completion of three continuous and sequential endurance disciplines. While many variations of the sport exist, triathlon, in its most popular form, involves swimming, cycling, and running in immediate succession over various distances. Triathletes compete for fastest overall course completion time, including timed "transitions" between the individual swim, cycle, and run components.

Type–token distinction <=SEP=> In disciplines such as logic, linguistics, metalogic, typography, and computer programming, the type–token distinction is a distinction that separates a descriptive concept from objects that instantiate the concept, seen as particular instances of it.

UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships <=SEP=> The UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships are the world championships for track cycling where athletes with a physical disability compete, organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).The Championships were earlier administered by the International Paralympic Committee. The UCI and the IPC organized the 2006 IPC Cycling World Championships.

UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial <=SEP=> The UCI Road World Championships - Men's Time Trial is the annual world championship for road bicycle racing in the discipline of time trial, organised by the world governing body, the Union Cycliste Internationale.

UEC European Champion jersey <=SEP=> The UEC European Champion jersey is the distinctive, identifiable  jersey that the winner of a bicycle race receives at European Cycling Championships organized by the European Cycling Union (UEC), such as the European Road Championships and the European Track Championships. The jersey is predominantly blue with gold European stars. The jerseys are awarded in all cycling disciplines, including road cycling, track cycling, cyclo-cross, BMX, mountain biking and indoor cycling.

USA Cycling <=SEP=> USA Cycling or USAC, based in Colorado Springs, Colorado, is a national governing body for bicycle racing in the United States. It covers the disciplines of road, track, mountain bike, cyclo-cross, BMX, and collegiate racing. In 2009, USAC had a membership organization of nearly 66,800 membersUSA Cycling is associated with the UCI, which governs international cycling and the United States Olympic Committee (USOC).

USA Pro Cycling Challenge <=SEP=> The USA Pro Cycling Challenge is an annual multi-day professional road bicycle racing stage race that first took place in Colorado in 2011. Originally announced on August 4, 2010 by Colorado Governor Bill Ritter and Lance Armstrong as the Quiznos Pro Challenge, the event carries on the state's cycling legacy, which was most notably highlighted by the Coors Classic that ran from 1980 to 1988. On February 4, 2011 Richard E.

Union Cycliste Internationale <=SEP=> The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI; pronounced: [y.njɔ̃ si.klist ɛ̃.tɛʁ.na.sjɔ.nal],  French for "International Cycling Union") is the world governing body for sports cycling and oversees international competitive cycling events. The UCI is based in Aigle, Switzerland.The UCI issues racing licenses to riders and enforces disciplinary rules, such as in matters of doping.

Univega <=SEP=> Univega is a brand of bicycles, created during the bike boom of the 1970s by Ben Lawee (1926–2002), who founded Lawee Inc. to design, specify, and import bicycles initially manufactured in Italy by Italvega, and subsequently in Japan by Miyata.Prior to creating the Univega brand, Lawee had been the importer of Motobécane bicycles in the U.S. and had created the Italvega in Italy.

Utility bicycle <=SEP=> A utility bicycle is a bicycle designed for practical transportation, as opposed to bicycles which are primarily designed for recreation and competition, such as touring bicycles, racing bicycles, and mountain bicycles.  The vast majority of bicycles that can be found in the developing world are utility bicycles.  As such, utility bicycles are the most common form of bicycle globally.

Utility cycling <=SEP=> Utility cycling encompasses any cycling done simply as a means of transport rather than as a sport or leisure activity. It is the original and most common type of cycling in the world.

Velothon Berlin <=SEP=> Velothon Berlin (officially Garmin Velothon Berlin, formerly ProRace Berlin) is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in May in Berlin, Germany. It is part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 1.1 race. It is part of the UCI Velothon Majors series of races organised by Lagardère Unlimited, which also includes Velothon Wales, Velothon Stockholm and Velothon Vienna. These events are characterised by mass-participation sportives before an elite race along a lengthened route.

Volta Ciclística Internacional do Rio Grande do Sul <=SEP=> Volta Ciclística Internacional do Rio Grande do Sul (previously known as - Volta Ciclistica Internacional De Gravatai) is a men's stage race cycle race which takes place in Brazil and was rated by the UCI as 2.2 and forms part of the UCI America Tour.

Volta Feminina da República <=SEP=> The Volta Feminina da República is a women's staged cycle race which takes place in Brazil and is currently rated by the UCI as 2.2.

Volta ao Distrito de Santarém <=SEP=> The Volta ao Distrito de Santarém (Portuguese) (Tour of Santarém District) is a road bicycle racing stage race held annually in the District of Santárem, Portugal. Since 2006, it has been organised as a 2.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

Vuelta a Bolivia <=SEP=> The Vuelta a Bolivia is the most important road bicycle race in the State of Bolivia. The first edition of the race, in 2008, replaced an historical Bolivian race, the "Doble Copacabana de Ciclismo". It is now organized as a 2.2 event on the UCI America Tour.

Welsh Cycling <=SEP=> Welsh Cycling (Welsh: Beicio Cymru. Formerly the Welsh Cycling Union) is "the internationally recognised" governing body of cycling in Wales. It has over 140 cycling clubs in Wales. It administers all six cycling disciplines—BMX; cyclo-cross; mountain biking (downhill and cross-country); road racing; time trials; and track racing.

Yvo Molenaers <=SEP=> Yvo Molenaers (born 25 February 1934) is a Belgian racing cyclist. He won the 1963 Tour de Luxembourg.