Query: Who has been the 5th president of the United States of America?

Relevant passages:
24: Live Another Day <=SEP=> 24: Live Another Day (also known as Season 9 or Day 9) is a 24 limited event television series consisting of twelve episodes that premiered on May 5, 2014, and concluded on July 14, 2014, airing on Fox. Sky 1 simulcast the premiere on May 6 in the United Kingdom and Ireland but switched to Wednesday nights for the rest of the episodes. It began airing in Australia on Network Ten on May 12, 2014.

5th Maryland Regiment <=SEP=> The 5th Maryland Regiment is a designation which has been held by several units over the years, not all of which necessarily share the same lineage and honors. Although the first unit to carry the "5th Maryland" designation was organized in 1776 from volunteers in rural Maryland, the designation has been most often associated with militia units in Baltimore.

5th convocation of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia <=SEP=> The 5th convocation of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia has been in place since 3 April 2012.

Acting Vice President of the United States <=SEP=> Acting Vice President of the United States is an unofficial designation that has occasionally been used when the office of Vice President was vacant.The president pro tempore of the United States Senate assumes the role of presiding officer over the Senate in the event that the vice presidency is rendered vacant either by death, resignation, removal from office or succession to the presidency.

Al Gore <=SEP=> Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton.  Chosen as Clinton's running mate in their successful 1992 campaign, he was reelected in 1996.  At the end of Clinton's second term, Gore was the Democratic Party's nominee for President in 2000.

Alien and Sedition Acts <=SEP=> The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills that were passed by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798, the result of the French Revolution and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War.

Andrew Johnson <=SEP=> Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 –  July 31, 1875) was the 17th President of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. Johnson became president as he was vice president at the time of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination. A Democrat who ran with Lincoln on the National Union ticket, Johnson came to office as the Civil War concluded. The new president favored quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union.

Barack Obama <=SEP=> Barack Hussein Obama II (US /bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn ɵˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States, and the first African American to hold the office. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he served as president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree.

Bill Clinton <=SEP=> William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as Governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and 1983 to 1992, and as the state's Attorney General from 1977 to 1979.

Boy Scouts of America membership controversies <=SEP=> The Boy Scouts of America (BSA), one of the largest private youth organizations in the United States, has policies which prohibit atheists, agnostics and, until January 2014, prohibited all "known or avowed homosexuals",  from membership in its Scouting program.  The ban on adults who are "open or avowed homosexuals" from membership was lifted in July 2015.

Bricker Amendment <=SEP=> The Bricker Amendment is the collective name of a number of proposed amendments to the United States Constitution considered by the United States Senate in the 1950s. Each of these amendments would have placed restrictions on the scope and ratification of treaties and executive agreements entered into by the United States and are named for their sponsor, Senator John W.

Chuck Baldwin <=SEP=> Charles Obadiah "Chuck" Baldwin (born May 3, 1952) is an American politician, radio host, and founder-former pastor of Crossroad Baptist Church in Pensacola, Florida. As of July 2014 he was pastor of Liberty Fellowship in Kalispell, Montana. He was the presidential nominee of the Constitution Party for the 2008 U.S. presidential election and had previously been its nominee for U.S. vice president in 2004.

Club for Growth <=SEP=> The Club for Growth is a 501(c)4 organization active in the United States of America, with an agenda focused on cutting taxes and other economic issues.

Confederate Memorial (Arlington National Cemetery) <=SEP=> The Confederate Memorial is a memorial in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States, that commemorates members of the armed forces of the Confederate States of America who died during the American Civil War. Authorized in March 1906, former Confederate States Army sergeant and sculptor Moses Jacob Ezekiel was commissioned by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in November 1910 to design the memorial.

Congressional stagnation in the United States <=SEP=> Congressional stagnation is an American political theory that attempts to explain the high rate of incumbency re-election to the United States House of Representatives. In recent years this rate has been well over 90 per cent, with rarely more than 5-10 incumbents losing their House seats every election cycle.

Cuban relations with the Organization of American States <=SEP=> Despite being a founding member of the Organization of American States (OAS), Cuba was effectively suspended from 21 January 1962 to 3 June 2009.  Thus, for almost the entire time that the OAS has been operating, Cuba has been barred from sending representatives to the OAS and effectively had its membership suspended.

Cuba–United States relations <=SEP=> Cuba and the United States restored diplomatic relations on July 20, 2015, which had been severed in 1961 during the Cold War. U.S. diplomatic representation in Cuba is handled by the United States Embassy in Havana, and there is a similar Cuban Embassy in Washington, D.C.. The United States, however, continues to maintain its commercial, economic, and financial embargo, which makes it illegal for U.S. corporations to do business with Cuba, although the U.S.

David R. Oliver, Jr. <=SEP=> Rear Admiral David "Dave" R. Oliver, Jr. (Ret.) was the executive vice president of the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS) for North America. Currently he is an independent consultant. Since September 21, 2006 he has been the director of the American Superconductor Corporation.

Deerfield Residence <=SEP=> For the Chancery, see Embassy of the United States in DublinThe Deerfield Residence (formerly the Chief Secretary's Lodge) is the official residence of the Ambassador of the United States of America to Ireland.The premises has been the Ambassador's Official Residence since 1927, and was previously the Embassy of the United States of America in Ireland.

Democratic-Republican Party <=SEP=> The Democratic-Republican Party was the American political party in the 1790s of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison formed in opposition to the centralizing policies of the new Federalist party. It came to power in 1800, and dominated national and state affairs until the 1820s, when it faded away.The term "Democratic-Republican" is used especially by modern  political scientists for the first "Republican Party" (as it called itself at the time),  also known as the Jeffersonian Republicans.

Doug Jaraczewski <=SEP=> Doug Jaraczewski is a fundraiser for political candidates in the Democratic Party in the United States. He is the president of a campaign strategy firm, the Campaign Finance Group.Jaraczewski has previously been a fundraiser for the Democratic National Committee, President Bill Clinton, Vice-President Al Gore and a number of senators, congressmen, and state officials.

Doug Lamborn <=SEP=> Douglas L. "Doug" Lamborn (born May 24, 1954) is the U.S. Representative for Colorado's 5th congressional district, in office since 2007. He is a member of the Republican Party. The district is based in Colorado Springs.

Dwight D. Eisenhower <=SEP=> Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (pronounced /ˈaɪzənhaʊər/, EYES-ən-how-ər; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961, and the last U.S. President to have been born in the 19th century. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe.

Electoral history of Gerald Ford <=SEP=> Electoral history of Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (1974–1977), 40th Vice President of the United States (1973–1974); United States Representative from Michigan (1949–1973).

Ellen McCulloch-Lovell <=SEP=> Ellen McCulloch-Lovell has been the president of Marlboro College since 2004.  A graduate of Bennington College, McCullouch-Lovell served as Chief of Staff to Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy for ten years. Under the Clinton administration, she worked as executive director of the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities, deputy chief of staff to the First Lady, and deputy assistant to the President and advisor to the First Lady on the Millennium Project.

Embassy of the United States in Dublin <=SEP=> For the Ambassador's Residence, see Deerfield ResidenceThe Embassy of the United States of America in Dublin is the diplomatic mission of the United States of America to Ireland.The Chancery is located at 42 Elgin Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. The Ambassador's Official Residence is located at the Deerfield Residence, Phoenix Park, Dublin 8.Kevin F. O'Malley is the current Ambassador of the United States of America to Ireland, officially assuming the role on October 8, 2014. Daniel M.

Federal government of the United States <=SEP=> The government of the United States of America is the federal government of the republic of fifty states that constitute the United States, as well as one capital district, and several other territories. The federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U.S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the federal courts, including the Supreme Court, respectively.

Federated States of Micronesia and the United Nations <=SEP=> The Federated States of Micronesia joined the United Nations on September 17, 1991, five years after obtaining its independence from the United States of America. Since December 2011, its ambassador to the United Nations has been Jane J. Chigiyal. Although de jure sovereign, the F.S.

Fifth Party System <=SEP=> The Fifth Party System refers to the era of American national politics that began with the New Deal in 1932 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This era emerged from the realignment of the voting blocs and interest groups supporting the Democratic Party into the New Deal Coalition following the Great Depression. For this reason it is often called the New Deal Party System. It followed the Fourth Party System, usually called the Progressive Era.

George H. W. Bush <=SEP=> George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, and the 43rd Vice President of the United States (1981–1989). A Republican, he previously served as a congressman, an ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence. He is the oldest living former President and Vice President. He is also the last living former President who is a veteran of World War II. Bush is often referred to as "George H. W.

George W. Bush <=SEP=> George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. The eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush, he was born in New Haven, Connecticut. After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975, he worked in oil businesses.

George Washington <=SEP=> George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S. February 11, 1731] – December 14, 1799) was the first President of the United States (1789–97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Gerald Ford <=SEP=> Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from 1974 to 1977. Prior to this he was the 40th Vice President of the United States, serving from 1973 until President Richard Nixon's resignation in 1974. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, following the resignation of Vice President Spiro Agnew on October 10, 1973.

Godot Waits For Homeland Security <=SEP=> Godot Waits For Homeland Security is a 2003 play written by Martin Kimeldorf of Washington, D.C., USA.This play consists of only two characters: AmbiMan and ProtoMan.  It is set in a time when the United States has been invaded by those who have been attacked earlier by the USA. The text sharply criticizes the Homeland Security Department established under President George W. Bush.

Henry Wilson <=SEP=> Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was the 18th Vice President of the United States (1873–1875) and a Senator from Massachusetts (1855–1873).  Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading Republican, and a strong opponent of slavery.

History of the socialist movement in the United States <=SEP=> Socialism in the United States began with utopian communities in the early 19th century such as the Shakers, the activist visionary Josiah Warren and intentional communities inspired on Charles Fourier. Labor activists—usually British, German, or Jewish immigrants—in 1876 founded the Socialist Labor Party. The Socialist Party of America was established in 1901.

II (The Presidents of the United States of America album) <=SEP=> II is the second studio album by The Presidents of the United States of America. It was released via Columbia Records on November 5, 1996, which was Election Day in the United States, which included voting for the President.

I Dwell on Thoughts of You <=SEP=> I Dwell On Thoughts Of You is the debut album by U.S. mathcore band Blood Has Been Shed. It was released on the September 21, 1999 on Ferret Records.

Irwinville, Georgia <=SEP=> Irwinville is an unincorporated community in Irwin County, Georgia, United States.Irwinville was founded as Irwinsville in 1831 as seat for the newly formed Irwin County. The community was named for Georgia governor Jared Irwin. It was renamed to Irwinville (without the S) when it was incorporated as a town in 1857.

James Buchanan <=SEP=> James Buchanan, Jr. (/bjuːˈkænən/; April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857–1861), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. He represented Pennsylvania in the United States House of Representatives and later the Senate, then served as Minister to Russia under President Andrew Jackson. He was named Secretary of State under President James K. Polk, and is to date the last former Secretary of State to serve as President of the United States.

James K. Polk <=SEP=> James Knox Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849) was the 11th President of the United States (1845–1849). Polk was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. He later lived in and represented Tennessee. A Democrat, Polk served as the 17th Speaker of the House of Representatives (1835–1839) and Governor of Tennessee (1839–1841). Polk was the surprise (dark horse) candidate for president in 1844, defeating Henry Clay of the rival Whig Party by promising to annex Texas.

James Madison <=SEP=> James Madison, Jr. (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, political theorist, and the fourth President of the United States (1809–17). He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for being instrumental in the drafting of the U.S. Constitution and as the key champion and author of the Bill of Rights. He served as a politician much of his adult life.After the constitution had been drafted, Madison became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify it.

James Monroe <=SEP=> James Monroe (/mənˈroʊ/; April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817–1825). Monroe was the last president who was a Founding Father of the United States and the last president from the Virginian dynasty and the Republican Generation. Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, Monroe was of the planter class and fought in the American Revolutionary War. He was wounded in the Battle of Trenton with a musket ball to his shoulder.

Jim Sensenbrenner <=SEP=> Frank James "Jim" Sensenbrenner, Jr. (born June 14, 1943) is an American politician who has been a member of the Republican Party in the United States House of Representatives since 1979, representing Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. The district, the state's most Republican, includes many of Milwaukee's northern and western suburbs, and extends into rural Jefferson County.

John Hoynes <=SEP=> John Hoynes is a fictional character played by Tim Matheson on the American television series The West Wing. Hoynes is Vice President of the United States during the first four seasons of the show.As a U.S. Senator from Texas and the Senate Democratic leader, John Hoynes was the prohibitive favorite for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in the 1998 presidential election.

John Kerry <=SEP=> John Forbes Kerry (born December 11, 1943) is an American politician who is the 68th and current United States Secretary of State. He has served in the United States Senate, and was chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Kerry was the candidate of the Democratic Party in the 2004 presidential election, losing to George W. Bush.Kerry was born in Aurora, Colorado and attended boarding school in Massachusetts and New Hampshire.

John McCain <=SEP=> John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936) is the senior United States Senator from Arizona. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 2008 United States presidential election.McCain followed his father and grandfather, both four-star admirals, into the United States Navy, graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958. He became a naval aviator, flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers. During the Vietnam War, he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire.

John Quincy Adams <=SEP=> John Quincy Adams (; July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848) was an American statesman who served as the sixth President of the United States from 1825 to 1829. He also served as a diplomat, a Senator and member of the House of Representatives.

John Tyler <=SEP=> John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth President of the United States (1841–1845). He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with William Henry Harrison, and became president after his running mate's death in April 1841. Tyler was known as a supporter of states' rights, which endeared him to his fellow Virginians, yet his acts as president showed that he was willing to support nationalist policies as long as they did not infringe on the rights of the states.

Josiah Bartlet <=SEP=> Josiah Edward "Jed" Bartlet, PhD., is a fictional character from the American television serial drama The West Wing, portrayed by Martin Sheen. The role earned Sheen a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama in 2001, as well as two SAG Awards. Bartlet's tenure as a Democratic President of the United States is a preeminent aspect of the series.

Julian Wolpert <=SEP=> Julian Wolpert (born 1933) is Bryant Professor Emeritus of Geography, Public Affairs, and Urban Planning at Princeton University. He is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has been a fellow at the Russell Sage Foundation, and has been a Guggenheim fellow. Wolpert is a nationally cited scholar in the field of charity and philanthropy in the United States, and has testified before Congress.

Katherine Wallman <=SEP=> Katherine K. Wallman is an American statistician in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget who has served as Chief Statistician of the United States since 1992. In that role, she provides coordination, guidance, and oversight for the Federal Statistical System of the United States.She was the president of the American Statistical Association in 1992, and Chairman of the United Nations Statistical Commission in 2004-5. She has made several appearances on C-SPAN.

Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer <=SEP=> Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer (September 30, 1893 – November 5, 1964) represented the fifth district of the state of Maryland in the United States House of Representatives for seven terms from 1939 to 1953.Sasscer was born in Upper Marlboro, Maryland, and graduated from Dickinson School of Law in Carlisle, Pennsylvania in 1914. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Upper Marlboro.

Legislative veto in the United States <=SEP=> The legislative veto was a feature of dozens of statutes enacted by the United States federal government between approximately 1930 and 1980, until held unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1983.It has also been widely used by state governments.

Leonard Zeskind <=SEP=> Leonard Zeskind is an American human rights activist, and president of the Institute for Research & Education of Human Rights (IREHR).He worked in industry for thirteen years. Since 1982, he has been a community activist and human rights advocate.

Lieutenant Governor of Washington <=SEP=> The Lieutenant Governor of Washington is an elected office in the U.S. state of Washington. The current incumbent is Brad Owen, a Democrat who has served since 1997. The Lieutenant Governor serves as President of the Washington State Senate and accedes to the governorship in case of a vacancy. There have been 15 holders of the office, three of whom have ascended to the office of Governor of Washington.

List of African-American United States Senators <=SEP=> The United States Senate has had nine African-American elected or appointed office holders. The United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, which is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. No African American served in the elective office before the ratification in 1870 of the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

List of Presidents of the United States <=SEP=> Under the United States Constitution, the President of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States. As chief of the executive branch and face of the federal government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.

List of The Colbert Report episodes (2005–2006) <=SEP=> This is a list of episodes for The Colbert Report in 2005 and 2006.

List of The West Wing politicians <=SEP=> The following is a list of fictional political figures that have appeared or been mentioned in the television program The West Wing.

List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots <=SEP=> Assassination attempts and plots on Presidents of the United States have been numerous: more than 20 attempts to kill sitting and former presidents, as well as the Presidents-elect, are known. Four sitting presidents have been killed, all of them by gunshot: Abraham Lincoln (the 16th President), James A. Garfield (the 20th President), William McKinley (the 25th President) and John F. Kennedy (the 35th President).

List of Vice Presidents of the United States <=SEP=> There have been 47 vice presidents of the United States, from John Adams to Joe Biden. Originally, the Vice President was the person who received the second most votes for President in the Electoral College. However, in the election of 1800, a tie in the electoral college between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr led to the selection of the President by the House of Representatives.

List of acts of the 113th United States Congress <=SEP=> The acts of the 113th United States Congress includes all Acts of Congress and ratified treaties by the 113th United States Congress, which lasted from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2015.Acts include public and private laws, which are enacted after being passed by Congress and signed by the President, however if the President vetos a bill it can still be enacted by a two-thirds vote in both houses. The Senate alone considers treaties, which are ratified by a two-thirds vote.

List of states and territories of the United States <=SEP=> The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, one federal district (Washington, D.C.), and one incorporated territory (Palmyra Atoll). States are the primary subdivisions of the United States, and possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, such as regulating intrastate commerce, running elections, creating local governments, and ratifying Constitutional amendments.

Lyndon B. Johnson <=SEP=> Lyndon Baines Johnson (/ˈlɪndən ˈbeɪnz ˈdʒɒnsən/; August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963–1969), a position he assumed after his service as the 37th Vice President (1961–1963).

Michael Brougham, 5th Baron Brougham and Vaux <=SEP=> Michael John Brougham, 5th Baron Brougham and Vaux, CBE (born 2 August 1938) is a British peer and a Member of the House of Lords.Born the eldest son of the 4th Baron Brougham and Vaux, Brougham was educated at Millfield, Lycée Jaccard, Switzerland and the Northampton Institute of Agriculture. On 20 July 1963, he married Olivia Susan Gray and they had one daughter, The Hon. Henrietta Louise (born 23 February 1965).

Militia (United States) <=SEP=> The term militia in the United States has been defined and modified by Congress several times throughout U.S. history. As a result, the meaning of "the militia" is complex and has transformed over time. It has historically been used to describe all able-bodied men who are not members of the Army or Navy (Uniformed Services). From the U.S. Constitution, Article II (The Executive branch), Sec.

Mo Brooks <=SEP=> Morris Jackson "Mo" Brooks, Jr. (born April 29, 1954) is an American politician who has been the U.S. Representative for Alabama's 5th congressional district since 2011. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Natural-born-citizen clause <=SEP=> Status as a natural-born citizen of the United States is one of the eligibility requirements established in the United States Constitution for election to the office of President or Vice President. This requirement was intended to protect the nation from foreign influence.The Constitution does not define the phrase natural-born citizen, and various opinions have been offered over time regarding its precise meaning.

Navy One <=SEP=> Navy One is the call sign of any United States Navy aircraft carrying the President of the United States. There has only been one such aircraft: a Lockheed S-3 Viking, BuNo 159387, assigned to the "Blue Wolves" of VS-35, which transported President George W. Bush to the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln off the coast of San Diego, California on May 1, 2003.

Nigeria–United States relations <=SEP=> Nigeria–United States relations are bilateral relations between the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the United States of America. Nigeria and the United States have long been close allies.The United States is Nigeria's greatest trading partner and is undeniably its most important diplomatic partner.

North American Union <=SEP=> The North American Union (NAU) is a theoretical economic and political union of Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The concept is loosely based on the European Union, occasionally including a common currency called the Amero or the North American Dollar. A union of the North American continent, sometimes extending to Central and South America, has been the subject of academic concepts for over a century, as well as becoming a common trope in science fiction.

Novella of Uriel <=SEP=> Novella Of Uriel is the debut full-length album by mathcore band Blood Has Been Shed. It was released in the United States on February 20, 2001, on Ferret Records.

Olympus Has Fallen <=SEP=> Olympus Has Fallen is a 2013 American action thriller film. Directed by Antoine Fuqua, it stars Gerard Butler, Aaron Eckhart, and Morgan Freeman, with Angela Bassett, Robert Forster, Cole Hauser, Finley Jacobsen, Ashley Judd, Melissa Leo, Dylan McDermott, Radha Mitchell, and Rick Yune in supporting roles.

Political parties in the United States <=SEP=> This article presents the historical development and role of political parties in United States politics, and outlines more extensively the significant modern political parties. Throughout most of its history, American politics have been dominated by a two-party system. However, the United States Constitution has always been silent on the issue of political parties; at the time it was signed in 1787, there were no parties in the nation.

Political positions of Brian Schweitzer <=SEP=> Brian Schweitzer, the former Governor of Montana, and a rumored candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through public comments and official acts. His political philosophy has been characterized by Nathan Daschle, the former executive-director of the Democratic Governors Association, as one that mixes "progressive values, populist rhetoric, and Western self-reliance".

President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice <=SEP=> The President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice was a group of 19 people appointed by President Johnson in 1965 to study the American criminal justice system.  Johnson assigned the group the staggering task of fighting crime and repairing the American criminal justice system: No agency of government has ever in our history undertaken to probe so fully and deeply into the problems of crime in our nation. I do not underestimate the difficulty of the assignment.

President of the Confederate States of America <=SEP=> The President of the Confederate States of America was the head of state and head of government of the Confederate States of America, which was formed from the states which declared their secession from the United States, thus precipitating the American Civil War. The only person to hold the office was Jefferson Davis. He was President from February 18, 1861, to May 10, 1865, and his Vice President was Alexander H. Stephens.

President of the United States <=SEP=> The President of the United States of America (POTUS) is the elected head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.The President of the United States is often considered one of the world's most powerful people.

President pro tempore of the United States Senate <=SEP=> The President pro tempore (/ˌproʊ ˈtɛmpəriː/ or /ˌproʊ ˈtɛmpəreɪ/), also president pro tem, is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate. According to the United States Constitution, the Vice President of the United States is the President of the Senate, despite not being a senator, and the Senate must choose a president pro tempore to act in his absence.

Presidential Memorial Certificate <=SEP=> A Presidential Memorial Certificate (PMC) is an engraved paper certificate, signed by the current President of the United States, to honor the memory of honorably discharged deceased veterans.The program was initiated in March 1962 by President John F. Kennedy and has been continued by all subsequent Presidents.

Pritzker Military Presents <=SEP=> Pritzker Military Presents is an original programming series produced by the Pritzker Military Museum & Library. It airs on PBS channel WYCC weekly and there are currently over 400 episodes. Weekly topics cover various parts of military history.

Religion and politics in the United States <=SEP=> Religion in the United States is remarkable both in its high adherence level compared to other developed countries as well as its diversity. The First Amendment to the country's Constitution prevents the government from having any authority in religion, and guarantees the free exercise of religion. A majority of Americans report that religion plays a "very important" role in their lives, a proportion unusual among developed nations, though similar to other nations in the Americas.

Richard Mentor Johnson <=SEP=> Richard Mentor Johnson (October 17, 1780 or 1781 – November 19, 1850) was the ninth Vice President of the United States, serving in the administration of Martin Van Buren (1837–1841). He is the only vice president ever elected by the United States Senate under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment. Johnson also represented Kentucky in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate; he began and ended his political career in the Kentucky House of Representatives.Johnson was elected to the U.S.

Richard Nixon <=SEP=> Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974 when he became the only U.S. president to resign the office. Nixon had previously served as a U.S. Representative and Senator from California and as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961.Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California.

Ronald Reagan <=SEP=> Ronald Wilson Reagan (/ˈrɒnəld ˈwɪlsən ˈreɪɡən/; February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician, commentator, and actor, who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.

Saxbe fix <=SEP=> The Saxbe fix /ˈsæks.biː/, or salary rollback, is a mechanism by which the President of the United States, in appointing a current or former member of the United States Congress whose elected term has not yet expired, can avoid the restriction of the United States Constitution's Ineligibility Clause.

Seal of the President of the United States <=SEP=> The Seal of the President of the United States is used to mark correspondence from the U.S. President to the U.S. Congress, and is also used as a symbol of the presidency itself. The central design, based on the Great Seal of the United States, is the official coat of arms of the U.S. presidency and also appears on the presidential flag.The presidential seal developed by custom over a long period before being defined in law, and its early history remains obscure.

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives <=SEP=> The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which states in part, "The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker..."  The current Speaker is John Boehner, a Republican who represents Ohio's 8th congressional district.  On September 25, 2015, Boehner announced he will step down from his position as Speaker effective October 30, 2015.

Speeches of Barack Obama <=SEP=> Barack Obama is the 44th and current President of the United States. Before he took office in 2009, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008).It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated "there is not a liberal America and a conservative America — there is the United States of America".

Spirals (album) <=SEP=> Spirals is the second album by mathcore band Blood Has Been Shed. The album is known for its more polished production style than their debut I Dwell on Thoughts of You and their follow up effort Novella of Uriel which have a rawer, more muddied sound. The album was released March 11, 2003, and is their third full-length album. This is also the last record recorded with Blood Has Been Shed before Justin Foley also joined Killswitch Engage, Howard Jones at this point was already a member.

The Presidents of the United States of America (album) <=SEP=> The Presidents of the United States of America is the debut studio album by The Presidents of the United States of America, released in March 1995 via PopLlama Records.

The Presidents of the United States of America (band) <=SEP=> The Presidents of the United States of America, sometimes referred to as PUSA, The Presidents or Pot USA, is a twice Grammy-nominated American alternative rock band. The band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1993. The three-piece group currently comprises vocalist and "basitarist" Chris Ballew, drummer and vocalist Jason Finn with "guitbassist" and vocalist Andrew McKeag. "Guitbassist" and vocalist Dave Dederer was a member of the band for 11 years before leaving in 2004.

The West Wing (season 1) <=SEP=> The first season of the American political drama television series The West Wing aired in the United States on NBC from September 22, 1999 to May 17, 2000 and consisted of 22 episodes.

Theodore Roosevelt <=SEP=> Theodore Roosevelt (/ˈroʊzəvɛlt/ ROH-zə-velt; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or TR, was an American statesman, author, explorer, soldier, naturalist, and reformer who served as the 26th President of the United States, from 1901 to 1909. A leader of the Republican Party, he was a leading force of the Progressive Era. Born a sickly child with debilitating asthma, Roosevelt embraced a strenuous lifestyle and successfully regained his health.

Thomas Jefferson <=SEP=> Thomas Jefferson (April 13 [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and the third President of the United States (1801–1809). He was an ardent proponent of democracy and embraced the principles of republicanism and the rights of the individual. At the beginning of the American Revolution, he represented Virginia in the Continental Congress, and then served as a wartime Governor of Virginia (1779–1781).

Threatening the President of the United States <=SEP=> Threatening the President of the United States is a class E felony under United States Code Title 18, Section 871. It consists of knowingly and willfully mailing or otherwise making "any threat to take the life of, to kidnap, or to inflict bodily harm upon the President of the United States". The United States Secret Service investigates suspected violations of this law and monitors those who have a history of threatening the President.

Tom Perriello <=SEP=> Thomas Stuart Price "Tom" Perriello (/pɛriˈɛloʊ/; born October 9, 1974) is United States State Department official and American lawyer from Ivy, Virginia, who served one term as a U.S. Representative for Virginia's 5th congressional district, serving from 2009 until 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. At the time he served, the district included much of Southside Virginia and stretched north to Charlottesville.

Treaty of Tripoli <=SEP=> The Treaty of Tripoli (Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the United States of America and the Bey and Subjects of Tripoli of Barbary)  was the first treaty concluded between the United States  and Tripolitania, signed at Tripoli on November 4, 1796, and at Algiers (for a third-party witness) on January 3, 1797. It was submitted to the Senate by President John Adams, receiving ratification unanimously from the U.S.

Trent Lott <=SEP=> Chester Trent Lott, Sr. (born October 9, 1941) is an American politician. A former United States Senator from Mississippi, Lott served in numerous leadership positions in both the United States House of Representatives and the Senate. He entered Congress as one of the first of a wave of Republicans winning seats in Southern states that had been solidly Democratic.

United States Ambassador to Australia <=SEP=> The position of United States Ambassador to Australia has existed since 1940. U.S.-Australian relations have been close throughout the history of Australia. Before World War II, Australia was closely aligned with the United Kingdom, but it has strengthened its relationship with the United States since 1942, as Britain's influence in Asia has declined and the United States' influence has increased.

United States Ambassador to the Holy See <=SEP=> The Ambassador of the United States to the Holy See is the official representative of the United States of America to the Holy See, the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church. The official representation began with the formal opening of diplomatic relations with the Holy See by President Ronald Reagan and Pope John Paul II in 1984.Before the establishment of formal diplomatic relations, President Franklin D.

United States Constitution <=SEP=> The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts.

United States National Security Council <=SEP=> The White House National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for a peaceful consideration of national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials and is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States. Since its inception under Harry S. Truman, the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies.

United States presidential election, 1804 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 1804 was the 5th quadrennial presidential election, held from Friday, November 2, to Wednesday, December 5, 1804. It pitted incumbent Democratic-Republican President Thomas Jefferson against Federalist Charles Cotesworth Pinckney of South Carolina, a hero of the American Revolutionary War and former Ambassador to France. Jefferson easily defeated Pinckney and George Clinton was elected vice-president.

United States presidential election, 1996 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 1996 was the 53rd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 5, 1996. The contest was between the Democratic national ticket of President Bill Clinton from Arkansas and Vice President Al Gore from Tennessee and the Republican national ticket of former Senator Bob Dole of Kansas for President and former Housing Secretary Jack Kemp from New York for Vice President.

United States presidential election, 2000 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 2000 was the 54th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 7, 2000. The contest was between Republican candidate George W. Bush, the incumbent governor of Texas and son of former president George H. W.

United States presidential election, 2004 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 2004 was the 55th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 2, 2004. Republican Party candidate and incumbent President George W. Bush defeated Democratic Party candidate John Kerry, Senator from Massachusetts.Bush and incumbent Vice President Dick Cheney were renominated by their party with little difficulty.

United States presidential election, 2008 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 2008 was the 56th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2008. Democratic Party nominee Senator Barack Obama and running mate Senator Joe Biden defeated Republican Party nominee Senator John McCain and running mate Governor Sarah Palin.The incumbent president, George W. Bush, was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits in the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution.

United States presidential election, 2012 <=SEP=> The United States presidential election of 2012 was the 57th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012.

United States–Vietnam relations <=SEP=> After a 20-year hiatus of severed ties, then-U.S. President Bill Clinton announced the formal normalization of diplomatic relations between the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on July 11, 1995. Subsequent to President Clinton's normalization announcement, in August 1995, both countries upgraded their Liaison Offices opened during January 1995 to embassy status.

Vice President of the Confederate States of America <=SEP=> The Vice President of the Confederate States of America was the office held by Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia, who served under President Jefferson Davis of Mississippi from February 18, 1861 to May 11, 1865. Having first been elected by the Provisional Confederate States Congress, both were considered provisional office-holders until they won the presidential election of November 6, 1861 without opposition.

Vice President of the United States <=SEP=> The Vice President of the United States (VPOTUS) is the second-highest position in the executive branch of the United States, after the president. The executive power of both the vice president and the president is granted under Article Two, Section One of the Constitution. The vice president is indirectly elected, together with the president, to a four-year term of office by the people of the United States through the Electoral College.

War in Afghanistan (2001–present) <=SEP=> The War in Afghanistan is the period in which the United States invaded Afghanistan after the September 11 attacks. Supported initially by close allies, they were later joined by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization beginning in 2003. The conflict is also known as the American war in Afghanistan. It followed the Afghan Civil War's 1996–2001 phase. Its public aims were to dismantle al-Qaeda and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban from power.

Warren G. Harding <=SEP=> Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was the 29th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1921 until his death. Although Harding died one of the most popular presidents in history, the subsequent exposure of scandals that took place under him, such as Teapot Dome, eroded his popular regard, as did revelations of an affair by Nan Britton, one of his mistresses. In historical rankings of the U.S.

Washington's 5th congressional district <=SEP=> Washington's 5th congressional district encompasses the Eastern Washington counties of Ferry, Stevens, Pend Oreille, Lincoln, Spokane, Whitman, Walla Walla, Columbia, Garfield, and Asotin.  It is centered on Spokane, the state's second largest city.Since 2005, the 5th District has been represented in the U.S. House of Representatives by Cathy McMorris Rodgers, a Republican.

What Kind of Day Has It Been <=SEP=> "What Kind of Day Has It Been" is the 22nd episode of The West Wing, the season finale of the show's first season. It originally aired on NBC May 17, 2000. Events circle around the attempted rescue of a US fighter pilot in Iraq, and the president taking part in a town hall meeting in Rosslyn, Virginia.

Whig Party (United States) <=SEP=> The  Whig Party was a political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the United States of America. Four Presidents of the United States were members of the Whig Party. Along with the rival Democratic Party, it was central to the Second Party System from the early 1830s to the mid-1850s. It formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson (in office 1829-1837) and his Democratic Party.

White House Conference on Aging <=SEP=> The White House Conference on Aging (WHCoA) is a once-a-decade conference sponsored by the Executive Office of the President of the United States which makes policy recommendations to the president and Congress regarding the aged. The first of its kind, the goals of the conference are to promote the dignity, health and economic security of older Americans.  It has been claimed that it is perhaps the best-known White House conference.

William Howard Taft <=SEP=> William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was an American jurist and statesman who served as both the 27th President of the United States (1909–1913) and later the 10th Chief Justice of the United States (1921–1930). A leader during the Progressive Era, Taft and his conservative allies took control of the Republican Party away from Theodore Roosevelt and the liberals.

William McKinley <=SEP=> William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his assassination in September 1901, six months into his second term.

William R. King <=SEP=> William Rufus DeVane King (April 7, 1786 – April 18, 1853) was an American politician and diplomat.  He was the 13th Vice President of the United States for six weeks in 1853 before his death. Earlier he had been elected as a U.S. Representative from North Carolina and a Senator from Alabama.

Wisconsin's 5th congressional district <=SEP=> Wisconsin's 5th congressional district is a congressional district of the United States House of Representatives in Wisconsin, covering all of Washington County, some of Waukesha County and portions of Milwaukee and Jefferson counties. The district includes the northern Milwaukee suburbs as well as the more affluent western suburbs. It is currently represented by Republican Jim Sensenbrenner.This is the most Republican district in Wisconsin. George W.

Zachary Taylor <=SEP=> Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was the 12th President of the United States, serving from March 1849 until his death in July 1850. Before his presidency, Taylor was a career officer in the United States Army, rising to the rank of major general.Taylor's status as a national hero as a result of his victories in the Mexican-American War won him election to the White House despite his vague political beliefs.

Éamon de Valera <=SEP=> Éamon de Valera (; born George de Valero; 14 October 1882 – 29 August 1975) was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland. His political career spanned over half a century, from 1917 to 1973; he served multiple terms as head of government and head of state.  He also led the introduction of the Constitution of Ireland.De Valera was a leader in the War of Independence and of the anti-Treaty opposition in the ensuing Irish Civil War (1922–1923).