Query: B. F. Skinner

Relevant passages:
147th New York State Legislature <=SEP=> The 147th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 2 to April 11, 1924, during the second year of Al Smith's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

148th New York State Legislature <=SEP=> The 148th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 7 to June 26, 1925, during the third year of Al Smith's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

150th New York State Legislature <=SEP=> The 150th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to March 25, 1927, during the fifth year of Al Smith's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

151st New York State Legislature <=SEP=> The 151st New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 4 to March 22, 1928, during the sixth year of Al Smith's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

1990 in philosophy <=SEP=> 1990 in philosophy

2013 Varsity Shield <=SEP=> The 2013 Varsity Shield was contested from 28 January to 1 April 2013. The tournament (also known as the FNB Varsity Shield presented by Steinhoff International for sponsorship reasons) was the third season of the Varsity Shield, an annual second-tier inter-university rugby union competition featuring five South African universities.The tournament was won by  CUT Ixias for the second time; they beat  UWC 29–19 in the final played on 1 April 2013.

48th United States Congress <=SEP=> The Forty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1883 to March 4, 1885, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Chester A. Arthur.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Tenth Census of the United States in 1880.

Aeolian-Skinner <=SEP=> Æolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc. — Æolian-Skinner of Boston, Massachusetts was an important American builder of a large number of notable pipe organs from its inception as the Skinner Organ Company in 1901 until its closure in 1972. Key figures were Ernest M. Skinner (1866–1960), Arthur Hudson Marks (1875–1939), Joseph Silver Whiteford (1921-1978), and G. Donald Harrison (1889–1956).

Alan Skinner (cricketer) <=SEP=> Alan Frank Skinner (22 April 1913 – 28 February 1982) was an English cricketer who played for first class cricket for Derbyshire,  Cambridge University  and Northamptonshire between 1931 and 1949.Skinner was born at Brighton, Sussex, and educated at The Leys School and Cambridge University. He was captain of his school XI and played once for Derbyshire in the 1931 season. He scored 4 as an opening batsman in a match that was abandoned after one day.

Autoclitic <=SEP=> Autoclitics are verbal responses that modify the effect on the listener of the primary operants that comprise B.F. Skinner's classification of Verbal Behavior.

B. F. Gribble <=SEP=> B. F. (Bernard Finegan) Gribble RBC SMA  (10 May 1872 - 21 February 1962) was a prolific British marine artist and illustrator.

B. F. Reed <=SEP=> Benjamin Franklin Reed or B. F. Reed, as he was commonly known, was a captain in the Illinois Volunteers (Co. D, 21 Reg) in the American Civil War.  He raised his own company and then led these volunteers for two years in Mississippi (where he met Ulysses Grant), Tennessee, and Georgia.   Prior to the war he was a speculator in farmland in central Illinois, near the town of Tuscola, and while away with the army he corresponded with his real estate partner, Charles Welliver.

B. F. Skinner <=SEP=> Burrhus Frederic Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990), commonly known as B. F. Skinner, was an American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher. He was the Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology at Harvard University from 1958 until his retirement in 1974.Skinner considered free will an illusion and human action dependent on consequences of previous actions.

Back to Freedom and Dignity <=SEP=> Back to Freedom and Dignity is a philosophic work by American theologian and apologist Francis A. Schaeffer, Downers Grove:InterVarsity Press, first published in 1972. It is Book Four in Volume One of The Complete Works of Francis A. Schaeffer A Christian Worldview. Westchester, IL:Crossway Books, 1982.

Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans <=SEP=> Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is a pathogenic chytrid fungus that infects salamanders and newts and emerged only recently as a potentially important threat to species in Europe and North America.It was described in 2013 based on a strain collected from skin tissue of fire salamanders. The pathogen, unidentified up to then, had devastated fire salamander populations in the Netherlands. Molecular phylogenetics confirmed it as related to the well known chytrid B. dendrobatidis.

Beauty Is Only Skin Deep <=SEP=> "Beauty Is Only Skin Deep" is a 1964 song, that became a 1966 hit single recorded by The Temptations for the Gordy (Motown) label. Written by Norman Whitfield and Edward Holland, Jr., and produced by Whitfield, the song was a number three pop hit and a number one R&B hit in the United States.The song's theme is inner beauty, and its value over physical appearance.

Beyond Freedom and Dignity <=SEP=> Beyond Freedom and Dignity is a 1971 book by American psychologist B. F. Skinner.

Brown Skin <=SEP=> "Brown Skin" is the second single released by American soul and R&B singer-songwriter India.Arie from her debut studio album Acoustic Soul on September 18, 2001.

Carlton Skinner <=SEP=> Carlton Skinner (April 8, 1913 – June 22, 2004) was the first civilian governor of Guam and a prominent advocate for the integration of the United States Armed Forces. President Harry Truman appointed Skinner governor in 1949, after the United States Navy ceded control of the island to the Department of the Interior.

Carneau <=SEP=> The Carneau is a breed of pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding primarily as a utility breed. Carneau, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon (Columba livia).The breed is known for large size and suitability for squab production. White Carneau pigeons are extensively used in experiments on operant conditioning; most of the pigeons used in B. F. Skinner's original work on schedules of reinforcement were White Carneaux.

Charles Ferster <=SEP=> Charles Bohris Ferster (1922–1981) was an American behavioral psychologist.

Dark skin <=SEP=> Dark skin is a naturally occurring human skin color rich in eumelanin pigments and having a dark colour.

David E. Skinner II <=SEP=> David E. "Ned" Skinner II (1920-August 7, 1988) was a shipping heir and philanthropist in Seattle, Washington who was one of the first owners of the Space Needle and Seattle Seahawks.He was born in Seattle and attended Lakeside School.  He was the grandson of David E. Skinner  (1867-1933) who owned the Skinner & Eddy shipyard, the Pacific Steamship Co., and the Port Blakely Mill. Skinner graduated Dartmouth College in 1942 and served aboard a destroyer during World War II.

Eddie Skinner <=SEP=> Frank "Eddie" Skinner (August 19, 1908 – May 1987) was an American stock car racing racing driver. He competed in the NASCAR Grand National Series (now Sprint Cup Series) during the 1950s.

Elliott Skinner <=SEP=> Elliott Percival Skinner (June 20, 1924 – April 1, 2007) was an American anthropologist and United States Ambassador to Republic of Upper Volta.Born in Port of Spain, Trinidad, Skinner came to the United States in 1943. He enlisted in the United States Army in 1944 and fought in World War II, which later allowed him to obtain citizenship. Skinner earned a bachelor's degree from New York University in 1951.

Enfield London Borough Council election, 1964 <=SEP=> The 1964 Enfield Council election took place on 7 May 1964 to elect members of Enfield London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour party gained control of the council.

Ernest M. Skinner <=SEP=> Ernest Martin Skinner (born 1866 in Clarion, Pennsylvania – November 26/27, 1960) was one of the most successful American pipe organ builders of the early 20th century. His electro-pneumatic switching systems advanced the technology of organ building in the first part of the 20th century.

Eugene Skinner <=SEP=> Eugene Franklin Skinner (September 13, 1809 – December 15, 1864) was an early American settler in Oregon and founder of the city of Eugene, Oregon, which is named for him.Skinner was born in Essex, New York. His father was Major John Joseph Skinner and his brother was St John Skinner, assistant postmaster under President Andrew Johnson. His mother died while Skinner was young. At age 14, Skinner moved with his family to Green County, Wisconsin.

Experimental analysis of behavior <=SEP=> The experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) is the name given to the school of psychology founded on B. F. Skinner’s philosophy of radical behaviorism. A central principle was the inductive, data-driven examination of functional relations, as opposed to the kinds of hypothetico-deductive learning theory that had grown up in the comparative psychology of the 1920–1950 period.

Fitzpatrick scale <=SEP=> The Fitzpatrick scale (also Fitzpatrick skin typing test or Fitzpatrick phototyping scale) is a numerical classification schema for human skin color. It was developed in 1975 by Thomas B. Fitzpatrick, a Harvard dermatologist, as a way to classify the typical response of different types of skin to ultraviolet (UV) light. Later, it was updated to also contain a wider range of skin types.

General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon <=SEP=> The General Dynamics (now Lockheed Martin) F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics for the United States Air Force (USAF). Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful all-weather multirole aircraft. Over 4,500 aircraft have been built since production was approved in 1976. Although no longer being purchased by the U.S. Air Force, improved versions are still being built for export customers.

General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon variants <=SEP=> A large number of General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon variants have been produced by General Dynamics, Lockheed Martin, and various licensed manufacturers. The details of the F-16 variants, along with major modification programs and derivative designs significantly influenced by the F-16, are described below.

George Skinner <=SEP=> George Edward Henry Skinner (b.26 June 1917 in Belvedere–d.30 September 2002 in Eastbourne) was an English professional footballer who played for Tottenham Hotspur, Northfleet United, Gillingham, Brighton & Hove Albion and Hastings United.

Hank Skinner <=SEP=> Henry Watkins "Hank" Skinner (born April 4, 1962) is a death row inmate in Texas. In 1995, he was convicted of bludgeoning to death his live-in girlfriend, Twila Busby, and stabbing to death her two adult sons, Randy Busby and Elwin Caler. On March 24, 2010, only twenty minutes before his scheduled execution (second execution date), the U.S.

Herbert Wakefield Banks Skinner <=SEP=> Herbert Wakefield Banks Skinner (7 October 1900 – 20 January 1960) was a British physicist.He was born in Ealing, London the only son of George Herbert, a director of the shoemaking firm of Lilley and Skinner, and Mabel Elisabeth Skinner. He was educated at Durston House School in Ealing and Rugby School. In 1919 he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, gaining his B.Sc in 1922. He then did research there at the Cavendish Laboratory for five years, and was awarded a Ph.D.

Human skin color <=SEP=> Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest pinkish-white hues. Human skin pigmentation is the result of natural selection. Skin pigmentation in human beings evolved primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances, although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin.

James Skinner (East India Company officer) <=SEP=> Colonel James Skinner CB (1778 – 4 December 1841) was an Anglo-Indian military adventurer in India, who became known as Sikandar Sahib later in life, and is most known for two cavalry regiments he raised for the British, later known as 1st Skinner's Horse and 3rd Skinner's Horse (formerly 2nd Skinner's Horse) at Hansi in 1803, which still are a part of the Indian Army He was a fluent writer in Persian, the court and intellectual language of India in his day, and wrote several books in Persian, including "Kitab-i tasrih al-aqvam" (History of the Origin and Distinguishing Marks of the Different Castes of India), now with the Library of Congress.

Jimmy Skinner <=SEP=> James Donald "Jimmy" Skinner (January 12, 1917 – July 11, 2007) was the Head Coach, Chief Scout and Farm Director, Director of Player Personnel, Director of Hockey Operations, Assistant General Manager, and General Manager for the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League.He is credited with starting the tradition of kissing the Stanley Cup.Born in Selkirk, Manitoba, Skinner won the 1955 Stanley Cup as coach as well as the Prince of Wales Trophy twice (54/55 & 56/57) (regular season champions) before an illness forced him to give up his coaching duties. @en <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Skinner?oldid=667208737> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Maeba_Yoshitsugu> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> Maeba Yoshitsugu (前波 吉継, 1541 - February 11, 1574) was a retainer beneath the clan of Asakura throughout the late Sengoku period of Feudal Japan. He was also known as Katsurada Nagatoshi (桂田 長俊).

Julie Vargas <=SEP=> Julie S. Vargas (born 1938 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an educator who has written extensively on the science of behavior.Vargas is the daughter of B.F. Skinner, and serves as the President of the B. F. Skinner Foundation, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Vargas is an officer of The International Society for Behaviorology.

Kenneth MacCorquodale <=SEP=> Kenneth MacCorquodale was an American psychologist who played a major role in developing scientifically validated operant conditioning methods. He was a student of B. F. Skinner at the University of Minnesota and became prominent in his field.

Lauren Slater <=SEP=> Lauren Slater (born March 21, 1963) is an American psychologist and writer. She is the author of seven books, including Welcome To My Country (1996), Prozac Diary (1998), and Lying: A Metaphorical Memoir (2000). Her 2004 Opening Skinner's Box: Great Psychology Experiments of the Twentieth Century, a description of psychology experiments "narrated as stories,"  has drawn both praise and criticism.

Light skin <=SEP=> Light skin is a naturally occurring human skin color which has little eumelanin pigmentation and which has been adapted to environments of low UV radiation. Light skin is most commonly found amongst people of Europe and East Asia.

List of Air Ministry specifications <=SEP=> This is a partial list of the British Air Ministry (AM) specifications for aircraft. A specification stemmed from an Operational Requirement, abbreviated "OR", describing what the aircraft would be used for. This in turn led to the specification itself, e.g. a two-engined fighter with 4 machine guns. So for example, OR.40 for a heavy bomber led to Specification B.12/36.

List of County-Designated Highways in Michigan <=SEP=> The County-Designated Highways in Michigan comprise a system of primary county roads across  the US state of Michigan. Unlike the State Trunkline Highway System, there is a zone arrangement to the numbering of these highways. The CDH system was created in 1970 in response to the business concerns of a woman from Saugatuck.

List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 48th Congress by seniority <=SEP=> This is a complete list of members of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 48th United States Congress listed by seniority.As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 48th Congress (March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885).

List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 54th Congress by seniority <=SEP=> This is a complete list of members of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 54th United States Congress listed by seniority.As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 54th Congress (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1897).

List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 55th Congress by seniority <=SEP=> This is a complete list of members of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 55th United States Congress listed by seniority.As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 55th Congress (March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1899).

List of Skins characters <=SEP=> This article is a list of fictional characters who are featured in British teen drama Skins.

List of former members of the United States House of Representatives (S) <=SEP=> This is a complete list of former members of the United States House of Representatives whose last names begin with the letter S.

List of literary initials <=SEP=> A large number of authors choose to use some form of initials in their name when it appears in their literary work. This includes some of the most famous authors of the 20th century – D. H. Lawrence, J. D. Salinger, T. S. Eliot, J. R. R. Tolkien, etc. – and also a host of lesser-known writers.Well-known initials and their corresponding full names are listed below.

Longeron <=SEP=> In aircraft construction, a Longeron, or stringer or stiffener, is a thin strip of material to which the skin of the aircraft is fastened.  In the fuselage, stringers are attached to formers (also called frames) and run in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft. They are primarily responsible for transferring the aerodynamic loads acting on the skin onto the frames and formers.  In the wings or horizontal stabilizer, longerons run spanwise and attach between the ribs.

McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet <=SEP=> The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) F/A-18 Hornet is a twin-engine supersonic, all-weather carrier-capable multirole combat jet, designed as both a fighter and attack aircraft (F/A designation for Fighter/Attack). Designed by McDonnell Douglas and Northrop, the F/A-18 was derived from the latter's YF-17 in the 1970s for use by the United States Navy and Marine Corps. The Hornet is also used by the air forces of several other nations. The U.S.

New York State Assembly <=SEP=> The New York State Assembly is the lower house of the New York State Legislature. The Assembly is composed of 150 members representing an equal number of districts, with each district having an average population of 128,652. Assembly members serve two-year terms without term limits.The Assembly convenes at the State Capitol in Albany.

New York State Senate <=SEP=> The New York State Senate is one of two houses in the New York State Legislature and has members each elected to two-year terms. There are no limits on the number of terms one may serve. The New York Constitution provides for a varying number of members in the Senate; the current membership is 63, elected from single-member constituencies equal in population.

Norman Guttman <=SEP=> Norman Guttman (1920–1984) was an American psychologist who played a major role in developing scientifically validated operant conditioning methods. He was a student of B. F. Skinner at the University of Minnesota and became prominent in his field.

Northrop F-5 <=SEP=> The Northrop F-5A/B Freedom Fighter and the F-5E/F Tiger II are part of a supersonic light fighter family, initially designed in the late 1950s by Northrop Corporation. Being smaller and simpler than contemporaries such as the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, the F-5 cost less to both procure and operate, making it a popular export aircraft.  The F-5 started life as a privately funded light fighter program by Northrop in the 1950s.

Ogden Lindsley <=SEP=> Ogden R. Lindsley (August 11, 1922, in Providence, Rhode Island – October 10, 2004) was an American psychologist. He is best known for developing Precision Teaching and Celeration Charting.In 1948, he obtained an A.B. in Psychology from Brown University and two years later in 1950 a Sc.M. in Experimental Psychology. At Harvard University he studied Psychology under B. F. Skinner, earning his Ph.D.

Olive skin <=SEP=> Olive skin is a human skin color spectrum. It is often associated with pigmentation in the Type IV to Type V range of the Fitzpatrick scale.Type IV coloration is frequent among populations from the Mediterranean  and parts of Latin America. It corresponds with moderate brown, typical Mediterranean skin tones.

Opening Skinner's Box <=SEP=> Opening Skinner's Box: Great Psychological Experiments of the Twentieth Century (W. W. Norton & Company, 2004, ISBN 0393050955), is a book by Lauren Slater.In this book, Slater sets out to describe some of the psychological experiments of the twentieth century.  Controversially, the author also describes the urban legend that B.F. Skinner raised his child in a Skinner box in a way which many perceived as being poorly researched and lending credit to a false claim.

Operant conditioning chamber <=SEP=> An operant conditioning chamber (also known as the Skinner box) is a laboratory apparatus used to study animal behavior. The operant conditioning chamber was created by B. F. Skinner while he was a graduate student at Harvard University (studying for a master's degree in 1930 and a doctorate in 1931). It may have been inspired by Jerzy Konorski's studies.

Precision teaching <=SEP=> Precision teaching is a precise and systematic method of evaluating instructional tactics and curricula.  It is one of the few quantitative analyses of behavior forms of applied behavior analysis.  It comes from a very strong quantitative scientific basis and was pioneered by Ogden Lindsley in the 1960s based largely on Skinner's operant conditioning. Precision teaching is a type of programmed instruction that focuses heavily on frequency as its main datum.

Principal Skinner <=SEP=> Principal Seymour Skinner (alternatively Armin Tamzarian) is a fictional character in the American animated sitcom The Simpsons, who is voiced by Harry Shearer.

Radical behaviorism <=SEP=> Radical behaviorism, or the conceptual analysis of behavior, was pioneered by B. F. Skinner and is his "philosophy of the science of behavior." It refers to the school of psychology known as behavior analysis, and is distinguished from methodological behaviorism—which has an intense emphasis on observable behaviors—by its inclusion of thoughts, emotions, and other internal mental activity in the analysis and theorizing of human and animal psychology.

Rate of reinforcement <=SEP=> In behaviorism, rate of reinforcement is number of reinforcements per time, usually per minute. Symbol of this rate is usually Rf. Its first major exponent was B.F. Skinner (1939). It is used in the Matching Law.Rf = # of reinforcements/unit of time = SR+/t

Rate of response <=SEP=> Rate  of response is a ratio between two measurements with different units. Rate of responding is the number of responses per minute, or some other time unit. It is usually written as R. Its first major exponent was B.F. Skinner (1939). It is used in the Matching Law.R = # of Responses/Unit of time = B/t

Rhode Island Philosophical Society <=SEP=> The Rhode Island Philosophical Society (RIPS) meets annually in the state of Rhode Island, United States of America. Founded in the 1950s and revived in the 1970s, RIPS is a non-profit organization directed by philosophers, and welcomes anyone with a serious interest in philosophy. RIPS has featured keynote speakers such as B. F. Skinner, Roderick Chisholm, Jaegwon Kim, Paul A. Swift, Yuriko Saito, Don Zeyl, Nomy Arpaly, Galen Johnson, and Mary Louise Gill.

Sherrod E. Skinner, Jr. <=SEP=> Sherrod Emerson Skinner, Jr. (October 28, 1929 – October 26, 1952) was a United States Marine Corps officer who sacrificed his life in defense of his outpost and fellow Marines on "The Hook" in Korea. For his actions on October 26, 1952, 1stLt Skinner was posthumously awarded the United States of America's highest military honor — the Medal of Honor.

Skin <=SEP=> Skin is the soft outer covering of vertebrates. Other animal coverings such as the arthropod exoskeleton have different developmental origin, structure and chemical composition. The adjective cutaneous means "of the skin" (from Latin cutis, skin). In mammals, the skin is an organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs.

Skin (aeronautics) <=SEP=> More about the skin of aircraft covered in its wings and fuselage.

Skin Deep (Solé album) <=SEP=> Skin Deep is the debut album released by rapper, Solé.

Skin allergy test <=SEP=> Skin allergy testing is a method for medical diagnosis of allergies that attempts to provoke a small, controlled, allergic response.

Skin flora <=SEP=> The skin flora, more properly referred to as the skin microbiota, are the microorganisms which reside on the skin. Most research has been upon those that reside upon the 2 square metres of human skin, cf. the human microbiome. The skin microbiome refer to their genomes.Many of them are bacteria of which there are around 1000 species upon human skin from 19  phyla. The total number of bacteria on an average human has been estimated at 1012 (1 trillion).

Skin grafting <=SEP=> Skin grafting is a type of graft surgery involving the transplantation of skin. The transplanted tissue is called a skin graft.Skin grafting is often used to treat:Extensive wounding or traumaBurnsAreas of  extensive skin loss due to infection such as necrotizing fasciitis or purpura fulminansSpecific surgeries that may require skin grafts for healing to occur - most commonly removal of skin cancersSkin grafts are often employed after serious injuries when some of the body's skin is damaged.

Skin on Skin (album) <=SEP=> Skin On Skin is the second album by Canadian singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress Vanity, released in May 1986 on Motown Records. This out of print recording was originally released on LP (6167ML) and cassette (6167MC) through Motown Records and distributed in Europe by RCA/Ariola-Ariola/RCA. The album features the R&B hit singles "Under the Influence" and "Animals".

Skin to Skin <=SEP=> Skin To Skin is a pop song recorded by Australian recording artist Melissa Tkautz. The song was recorded in 1992, and was the first release by Melissa after leaving the Australian soap opera, E Street. The song was written by R. Nicholson, T. King, and L. Berger.The B-side, "Take It From Me", was written by L. Berger, D. McDonald and Melissa.

Skin whitening <=SEP=> Skin whitening, skin lightening, and skin bleaching refer to the practice of using chemical substances in an attempt to lighten skin tone or provide an even skin complexion by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin. Several chemicals have been shown to be effective in skin whitening, while some have proven to be toxic or have questionable safety profiles, adding to the controversy surrounding their use and impacts on certain ethnic groups.

Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives <=SEP=> The Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives is the Speaker  or presiding officer of the Vermont House of Representatives, the lower house of the Vermont Legislature.Vermont was admitted to the Union in 1791 as the fourteenth state.  Its House of Representatives dates from 1778, when the Vermont Republic was created.Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836, when the Governor's Council was abolished and the Vermont Senate created.

Susan Meyer Markle <=SEP=> Susan Meyer Markle (1928–2008) was an American psychologist. She worked with B. F. Skinner on programmed instruction.

Susquehanna Depot, Pennsylvania <=SEP=> Susquehanna Depot, often referred to simply as Susquehanna, is a borough in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, located on the Susquehanna River 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Binghamton, New York. In the past, railroad locomotives and railroad cars were made here. It is also known for its Pennsylvania Bluestone quarries.The behavioral scientist B. F. Skinner was born in Susquehanna.The borough population was 1,643 as of the 2010 census.

TSN Skins Game <=SEP=> The TSN Curling Skins Game is an annual curling bonspiel hosted by The Sports Network. "Skins" curling had been developed as a way to make curling more interesting on TV during the time before the free guard zone rule was implemented. The bonspiel was held annually from 1986 to 2003 before being revived as the Casino Rama Curling Skins Game in 2007.

Tact (psychology) <=SEP=> Tact is a term that B.F. Skinner used to describe a verbal operant which is controlled by a nonverbal stimulus (such as an object, event, or property of an object) and is maintained by nonspecific social reinforcement (praise).Less technically, a tact is a label.

Teaching machine <=SEP=> Teaching machines were originally mechanical devices. They presented educational materials and taught students. They were first invented by Sidney L. Pressey in the mid-1920s. His machine originally administered multiple-choice questions. The machine could be set so it moved on only when the student got the right answer. Tests showed that learning had taken place. This was an example of how knowledge of results causes learning. Much later, Norman Crowder developed the Pressey idea further.B.F.

The Behavior of Organisms <=SEP=> The Behavior of Organisms is B.F. Skinner's first book and was published in May 1938 as a volume of the Century Psychology Series. It set out the parameters for the discipline that would come to be called the experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) and Behavior Analysis. This book was reviewed in 1939 by Ernest R. Hilgard. Skinner looks at science behaviour and how the analysis of behaviour produces data which can be studied, rather than acquiring data through a conceptual or neural  process.

The Skin Game (1921 film) <=SEP=> The Skin Game (Dutch: Hard tegen hard) is a 1921 British-Dutch silent drama film directed by B. E. Doxat-Pratt.

Thomas Gilbert (engineer) <=SEP=> Thomas F. Gilbert (1927–1995) was a psychologist who is often known as the founder of the field of performance technology, also known as Human Performance Technology (HPT).  Gilbert himself coined and used the term Performance Engineering. Gilbert applied his understanding of behavioral psychology to improve human performance at work and at school.  He is best known for his book Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance.

Thomas Gregory Skinner <=SEP=> Thomas Gregory Skinner (January 22, 1842 – December 22, 1907(1907-12-22) (aged 65)) was a U.S. Representative from North Carolina, brother of Harry Skinner.

Ultraviolet <=SEP=> Ultraviolet (UV) light is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 400 nm to 100 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays. Though usually invisible, under some conditions children and young adults can see ultraviolet down to wavelengths of about 310 nm, and people with aphakia (missing lens) can also see some UV wavelengths.

Verbal Behavior <=SEP=> Verbal Behavior is a 1957 book by psychologist B. F. Skinner that inspects human behavior, describing what is traditionally called linguistics. The book Verbal Behavior is almost entirely theoretical, involving little experimental research in the work itself.

Walden 7 <=SEP=> The Walden 7 is an apartment building designed by Ricardo Bofill's team and located in the town of Sant Just Desvern, close to Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. The original project includes 446 residences. The name of the building is inspired by B. F. Skinner's science-fiction novel, Walden Two, which depicts a utopian community.With a budget lower than the norm for subsidized housing at the time, Walden 7 was built in the area to the west of Barcelona.

Walden Two <=SEP=> Walden Two is a utopian novel written by behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner, first published in 1948.  In its time, it could have been considered science fiction, since science-based methods for altering people's behavior did not yet exist.

Walter Skinner <=SEP=> FBI Assistant Director Walter Sergei Skinner is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction-supernatural television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen. Skinner supervised the X-Files office, which is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly supernatural circumstances that were left unsolved and shelved by the FBI. Fox Mulder, the FBI agent in charge of the X-Files, considers the X-Files the truth behind the supposed conspiracy.

William W. Skinner <=SEP=> William Woolford Skinner (March 28, 1874 – March 10, 1953) was an American chemist, conservationist, and college football coach. He served as the head coach at the Maryland Agricultural College (now University of Maryland) and University of Arizona.

Worshipful Company of Skinners <=SEP=> The Worshipful Company of Skinners (known as The Skinners' Company) is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. It was originally an association of those engaged in the trade of skins and furs. Madeline Claire was the president of the Skinner organization.