Query: "The solubility of carbon dioxide in water is listed in the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics as a declining function of temperature. ...

Relevant passages:
Carbon dioxide <=SEP=> Carbon dioxide ( chemical formula ) is a colorless gas with a density about 60 % higher than that of air ( 1.225 g/L ) that is odorless at normally encountered concentrations . Carbon dioxide consists of a carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms . It occurs naturally in Earth 's atmosphere as a trace gas at a concentration of about 0.04 percent ( 400 ppm ) by volume . Natural sources include volcanoes , hot springs and geysers , and it is freed from carbonate rocks by dissolution in water and acids . Because carbon dioxide is soluble in water , it occurs naturally in groundwater , rivers and lakes , ice caps , glaciers and seawater . It is present in deposits of petroleum and natural gas .   As the source of available carbon in the carbon cycle , atmospheric carbon dioxide is the primary carbon source for life on Earth and its concentration in Earth 's pre-industrial atmosphere since late in the Precambrian has been regulated by photosynthetic organisms and geological phenomena . Plants , algae and cyanobacteria use light energy to photosynthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water , with oxygen produced as a waste product .   Carbon dioxide is produced by all aerobic organisms when they metabolize carbohydrates and lipids to produce energy by respiration . It is returned to water via the gills of fish and to the air via the lungs of air-breathing land animals , including humans . Carbon dioxide is produced during the processes of decay of organic materials and the fermentation of sugars in bread , beer and winemaking . It is produced by combustion of wood and other organic materials and fossil fuels such as coal , peat , petroleum and natural gas .   It is a versatile industrial material , used , for example , as an inert gas in welding and fire extinguishers , as a pressurizing gas in air guns and oil recovery , as a chemical feedstock and in liquid form as a solvent in decaffeination of coffee and supercritical drying . It is added to drinking water and carbonated beverages including beer and sparkling wine to add effervescence . The frozen solid form of , known as `` dry ice '' is used as a refrigerant and as an abrasive in dry-ice blasting .   Carbon dioxide is the most significant long-lived greenhouse gas in Earth 's atmosphere . Since the Industrial Revolution anthropogenic emissions - primarily from use of fossil fuels and deforestation - have rapidly increased its concentration in the atmosphere , leading to global warming . Carbon dioxide also causes ocean acidification because it dissolves in water to form carbonic acid .

Henry's law <=SEP=> In chemistry , Henry 's law is one of the gas laws formulated by the English chemist William Henry , who studied the topic in the early 19th century . In his publication about the quantity of gases absorbed by water , he described the results of his experiments :   ... `` water takes up , of gas condensed by one , two , or more additional atmospheres , a quantity which , ordinarily compressed , would be equal to twice , thrice , & c. the volume absorbed under the common pressure of the atmosphere . ''   In other words , the amount of dissolved gas is proportional to its partial pressure in the gas phase . The proportionality factor is called the Henry 's law constant .   An example where Henry 's law is at play is in the depth-dependent dissolution of oxygen and nitrogen in the blood of underwater divers that changes during decompression , leading to decompression sickness . An everyday example is given by one 's experience with carbonated soft drinks , which contain dissolved carbon dioxide . Before opening , the gas above the drink in its container is almost pure carbon dioxide , at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure . After the bottle is opened , this gas escapes , moving the partial pressure of carbon dioxide above the liquid to be much lower , resulting in degassing as the dissolved carbon dioxide comes out of solution .

Solubility <=SEP=> Solubility is the property of a solid , liquid , or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid , liquid , or gaseous solvent . The solubility of a substance fundamentally depends on the physical and chemical properties of the solute and solvent as well as on temperature , pressure and the pH of the solution . The extent of the solubility of a substance in a specific solvent is measured as the saturation concentration , where adding more solute does not increase the concentration of the solution and begins to precipitate the excess amount of solute . The solubility of a substance is an entirely different property from the rate of solution , which is how fast it dissolves .   Most often , the solvent is a liquid , which can be a pure substance or a mixture . One may also speak of solid solution , but rarely of solution in a gas ( see vapor -- liquid equilibrium instead ) .   The extent of solubility ranges widely , from infinitely soluble ( without limit ) ( fully miscible ) such as ethanol in water , to poorly soluble , such as silver chloride in water . The term insoluble is often applied to poorly or very poorly soluble compounds . A common threshold to describe something as insoluble is less than 0.1 g per 100 mL of solvent .   Under certain conditions , the equilibrium solubility can be exceeded to give a so-called supersaturated solution , which is metastable . Metastability of crystals can also lead to apparent differences in the amount of a chemical that dissolves depending on its crystalline form or particle size . A supersaturated solution generally crystallises when ` seed ' crystals are introduced and rapid equilibration occurs . Phenylsalicylate is one such simple observable substance when fully melted and then cooled below its fusion point .   Solubility is not to be confused with the ability to ` dissolve ' a substance , because the solution might also occur because of a chemical reaction . For example , zinc ` dissolves ' ( with effervescence ) in hydrochloric acid as a result of a chemical reaction releasing hydrogen gas in a displacement reaction . The zinc ions are soluble in the acid .   The smaller a particle is , the faster it dissolves although there are many factors to add to this generalization .   Crucially solubility applies to all areas of chemistry , geochemistry , inorganic , physical , organic and biochemistry . In all cases it will depend on the physical conditions ( temperature , pressure and concentration ) and the enthalpy and entropy directly relating to the solvents and solutes concerned .  By far the most common solvent in chemistry is water which is a solvent for most ionic compounds as well as a wide range of organic substances . This is a crucial factor in acidity/alkalinity and much environmental and geochemical work .