Redesign dataset card with badges, structured layout, and cross-links
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README.md
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num_examples: 241
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---
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# ScratchMath
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- The student's incorrect answer
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- A photograph of the student's handwritten scratchwork
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- A human-annotated error category and detailed error explanation
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### Subsets
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| Subset |
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|------
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| `primary` |
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| `middle` |
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### Error Categories
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| Category | English | Primary | Middle |
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|----------|---------|---------|--------|
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| 计算错误 | Calculation Error | 453 | 113 |
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| 题目理解错误 |
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| 知识点错误 | Knowledge
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| 答题技巧错误 |
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| 手写誊抄错误 |
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| 逻辑推理错误 | Logical Reasoning Error | 73 | 2 |
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| 注意力与细节错误 | Attention & Detail Error | 67 | 15 |
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## Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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|------
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| `question_id` | string | Unique identifier
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| `question` | string |
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| `answer` | string |
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| `solution` | string | Step-by-step solution
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| `student_answer` | string |
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| `student_scratchwork` | image |
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| `error_category` | ClassLabel | One of 7 error types
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| `error_explanation` | string |
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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sample = ds_primary["train"][0]
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print(sample["question"])
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print(sample["error_category"])
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sample["student_scratchwork"].show()
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```
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## Citation
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If you use this dataset, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{song2026scratchmath,
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title={Can MLLMs Read Students' Minds? Unpacking Multimodal Error Analysis in Handwritten Math},
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author={Song, Dingjie and Xu, Tianlong and Zhang, Yi-Fan and Li, Hang and Yan, Zhiling and Fan, Xing and Li, Haoyang and Sun, Lichao and Wen, Qingsong},
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booktitle={Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED)},
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year={2026}
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}
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```
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## License
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This dataset is released under the [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) license.
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num_examples: 241
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---
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<div align="center">
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# ScratchMath
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### *Can MLLMs Read Students' Minds?* Unpacking Multimodal Error Analysis in Handwritten Math
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**AIED 2026** — 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education
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[](https://bbsngg.github.io/ScratchMath/)
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[](https://bbsngg.github.io/ScratchMath/paper/ScratchMath_AIED2026.pdf)
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[](https://github.com/ai-for-edu/ScratchMath)
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[](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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</div>
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---
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## Overview
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**ScratchMath** is a multimodal benchmark for evaluating whether MLLMs can analyze handwritten mathematical scratchwork produced by real students. Unlike existing math benchmarks that focus on problem-solving accuracy, ScratchMath targets **error diagnosis** — identifying what type of mistake a student made and explaining why.
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- **1,720** authentic student scratchwork samples from Chinese primary & middle schools
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- **7** expert-defined error categories with detailed explanations
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- **2** complementary tasks: Error Cause Explanation (ECE) & Error Cause Classification (ECC)
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- **16** leading MLLMs benchmarked; best model reaches **57.2%** vs. human experts at **83.9%**
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---
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## Dataset Structure
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### Subsets
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| Subset | Grade Level | Samples |
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|:------:|:-----------:|:-------:|
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| `primary` | Grades 1–6 | 1,479 |
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| `middle` | Grades 7–9 | 241 |
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### Error Categories
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| Category (zh) | Category (en) | Primary | Middle |
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|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|
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| 计算错误 | Calculation Error | 453 | 113 |
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| 题目理解错误 | Problem Comprehension Error | 499 | 20 |
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| 知识点错误 | Conceptual Knowledge Error | 174 | 45 |
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| 答题技巧错误 | Procedural Error | 118 | 17 |
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| 手写誊抄错误 | Transcription Error | 95 | 29 |
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| 逻辑推理错误 | Logical Reasoning Error | 73 | 2 |
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| 注意力与细节错误 | Attention & Detail Error | 67 | 15 |
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### Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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|:------|:----:|:------------|
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| `question_id` | string | Unique identifier |
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| `question` | string | Math problem text (may contain LaTeX) |
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| `answer` | string | Correct answer |
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| `solution` | string | Step-by-step reference solution |
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| `student_answer` | string | Student's incorrect answer |
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| `student_scratchwork` | image | Photo of handwritten work |
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| `error_category` | ClassLabel | One of 7 error types |
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| `error_explanation` | string | Expert explanation of the error |
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---
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## Quick Start
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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sample = ds_primary["train"][0]
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print(sample["question"])
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print(sample["error_category"])
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sample["student_scratchwork"].show()
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```
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---
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## Citation
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If you use this dataset, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{song2026scratchmath,
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title = {Can MLLMs Read Students' Minds? Unpacking Multimodal Error Analysis in Handwritten Math},
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author = {Song, Dingjie and Xu, Tianlong and Zhang, Yi-Fan and Li, Hang and Yan, Zhiling and Fan, Xing and Li, Haoyang and Sun, Lichao and Wen, Qingsong},
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booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED)},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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---
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## License
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This dataset is released under the [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) license.
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