Repository: TypeScript
Issue: Crashes on transform and parse (from assertion/debug failures)
Labels: Bug,Help Wanted,Domain: Transforms,Crash,Fix Available,Effort: Casual

### 🔎 Search Terms

Debug Failure,modifierVisitor

### 🕗 Version & Regression Information

- This is a crash
- This changed between versions __5.2____ and ____5.3___(Both versions 4.7-5.2 and 5.2-5.4.5 reported Debug Failure errors, but the error information is different)


### ⏯ Playground Link

_No response_

### 💻 Code

I did not use tsc to execute any ts programs, but instead used the command "node --max-old-space-size=10240 $(which tsc)" to increase the memory of node.js.
When the version of tsc is between 5.3 and 5.4.5, the debugging error message is in “error message 1 "of "Actual behavior", and when the version of tsc is between 4.7 and 5.2, the debugging error message is in "error message 2" of "Actual behavior". I did not test versions before version 4.7
（The relevant version and configuration information are written in "Additional information about the issue"）

### 🙁 Actual behavior

**error message 1:**
/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:118651
      throw e;
      ^

Error: Debug Failure. Use `modifierVisitor` instead.
    at visitor (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:90424:22)
    at visitArrayWorker (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85608:49)
    at visitNodes2 (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85579:19)
    at visitEachChildOfVariableStatement (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:86379:7)
    at visitEachChild (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85796:33)
    at visitVariableStatement (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:90639:25)
    at visitor (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:90435:16)
    at visitArrayWorker (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85608:49)
    at visitNodes2 (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85579:19)
    at visitLexicalEnvironment (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:85635:16)

**error message 2:**
/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:2099
            throw e;
            ^

Error: Debug Failure. Expected 23 <= 22
    at attachFileToDiagnostic (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:15670:30)
    at Object.attachFileToDiagnostics (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:15684:42)
    at parseSourceFileWorker (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:25347:46)
    at Object.parseSourceFile (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:25183:26)
    at Object.createSourceFile (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:25087:29)
    at Object.getSourceFile (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:95276:44)
    at compilerHost.getSourceFile (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:101685:53)
    at findSourceFileWorker (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:97446:29)
    at findSourceFile (/usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:97364:26)
    at /usr/lib/node_modules/typescript/lib/tsc.js:97318:85


### 🙂 Expected behavior

Expand the memory of node.js without any errors.

### Additional information about the issue

**node.js**:v20.14.0 and 14.21.3（tried two versions and the result is the same）
**tsc**:Version 4.7.2-5.4.5

**package.json**
{
  "name": "tscfuzz",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "main": "index.js",
  "directories": {
    "lib": "lib"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "test": "nyc --reporter=text --reporter=lcov mocha "
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/cli": "^7.24.7",
    "@babel/core": "^7.24.7",
    "@babel/preset-env": "^7.24.7",
    "@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.24.7",
    "jshint": "^2.13.6",
    "mocha": "^10.4.0",
    "nyc": "^15.1.0"
  },
  "dependencies": {},
  "description": ""
}

**tsconfig.json**
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "incremental": true,
    "target": "es6",
    "lib": ["es2022"],
    "module": "commonjs",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "inlineSourceMap": true,
    "inlineSources": true,
    "strict": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true
  }
}