Repository: flutter
Issue: Provide a helpful error message for gradle duplicate class errors
Labels: c: new feature,platform-android,tool,t: gradle,c: proposal,P2,team-tool,triaged-tool

The error that Gradle throws when it detects that two modules have duplicate classes is not very helpful to a typical flutter developer (see error at the end). 

Pieces of information that would be helpful to include: 

1. examples of how to exclude one of the two modules (this is sometimes the solution), e.g.
Add the following to the `android{}` section of your `android/app/build.gradle`:
```
configurations {
        implementation.exclude module:'example_module_name'
}
```
2. Instructions on how to run `./gradlew app:dependencies` to identify which top level modules these dependencies are coming from.

3. A grep that would do the above and highlight the particular problematic modules, e.g. this one from @reidbaker 
```
./gradlew dependencies | { grep --color -E 'module_A' -q; grep --color -E 'module_B' -q } && echo "module_A and module_B are known to confict. Run \`gradlew dependencies | grep --color -E 'module_A|module_B|$'\` and find which dependencies conflict to either remove or suppress conflicting classes. See EXAMPLE_ISSUE for more details" || echo 'Unfortunately we were not able to detect a known issue.'
```

Example output from such a failure.

```
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:checkDebugDuplicateClasses'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckDuplicatesRunnable
   > Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite$Builder found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite$Builder$LimitedInputStream found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.AbstractProtobufList found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.BooleanArrayList found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteBufferWriter found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteOutput found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$ArraysByteArrayCopier found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$BoundedByteString found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$ByteArrayCopier found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$ByteIterator found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$CodedBuilder found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$LeafByteString found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$LiteralByteString found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$Output found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.ByteString$SystemByteArrayCopier found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream$AbstractBufferedEncoder found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream$ArrayEncoder found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream$ByteOutputEncoder found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
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     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.RopeByteString found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.RopeByteString$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.RopeByteString$Balancer found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.RopeByteString$PieceIterator found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.RopeByteString$RopeInputStream found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$EmptySet found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$EmptySet$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$EmptySet$2 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$Entry found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$EntryIterator found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.SmallSortedMap$EntrySet found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.TextFormatEscaper found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.TextFormatEscaper$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.TextFormatEscaper$2 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.TextFormatEscaper$ByteSequence found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UninitializedMessageException found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSetLite found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnmodifiableLazyStringList found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnmodifiableLazyStringList$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnmodifiableLazyStringList$2 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnsafeByteOperations found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnsafeUtil found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.UnsafeUtil$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.Utf8 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.Utf8$Processor found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.Utf8$SafeProcessor found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.Utf8$UnpairedSurrogateException found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.Utf8$UnsafeProcessor found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$FieldType found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$FieldType$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$FieldType$2 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$FieldType$3 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$FieldType$4 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$JavaType found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$Utf8Validation found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$Utf8Validation$1 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$Utf8Validation$2 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)
     Duplicate class com.google.protobuf.WireFormat$Utf8Validation$3 found in modules jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite:3.21.7) and jetified-protobuf-lite-3.0.1 (com.google.protobuf:protobuf-lite:3.0.1)

     Go to the documentation to learn how to <a href="d.android.com/r/tools/classpath-sync-errors">Fix dependency resolution errors</a>.

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 1s
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...                           2,536ms
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
```