Repository: flutter
Issue: BouncingScrollPhysics breaks further scrolling after content was scrolled off viewport
Labels: framework,f: material design,f: scrolling,P2,team-framework,triaged-framework

### Is there an existing issue for this?

- [X] I have searched the [existing issues](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues)
- [x] I have read the [guide to filing a bug](https://flutter.dev/docs/resources/bug-reports)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Run code sample
2. Scroll content off the screen in any direction as in video
3. Release fingers of screen

### Expected results

After releasing fingers ListView's content should return back to top of the screen and scrolling should keep applying physics.

### Actual results

After releasing fingers ListView's content stays out of the screen in it's position and not jumped back to top of the screen. Also further scrolling stopped applying physics.

### Code sample

<details><summary>Code sample</summary>

```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class HomeScreen extends StatelessWidget {
  const HomeScreen({
    super.key,
  });

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('AppBar'),
      ),
      body: SafeArea(
        child: ListView.builder(
          physics: const BouncingScrollPhysics(),
          itemCount: 100,
          itemBuilder: (_, index) {
            return ListTile(
              title: Text('Element $index'),
            );
          },
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
```

</details>


### Screenshots or Video

<details>
<summary>Screenshots / Video demonstration</summary>


https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/50376680/e68936ba-0f54-44dd-b2a6-504fa6946e87
</details>


### Logs

_No response_

### Flutter Doctor output

<details><summary>Doctor output</summary>

```console
[!] Flutter (Channel unknown, 3.10.5, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.3208], locale ru-RU)
    ! Flutter version 3.10.5 on channel unknown at Y:\SDKs\flutter
      Currently on an unknown channel. Run `flutter channel` to switch to an official channel.
      If that doesn't fix the issue, reinstall Flutter by following instructions at
      https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install.
    ! Unknown upstream repository.
      Reinstall Flutter by following instructions at https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install.
    • Framework revision 796c8ef792 (6 weeks ago), 2023-06-13 15:51:02 -0700
    • Engine revision 45f6e00911
    • Dart version 3.0.5
    • DevTools version 2.23.1
    • If those were intentional, you can disregard the above warnings; however it is recommended to use "git" directly
      to perform update checks and upgrades.

[√] Windows Version (Installed version of Windows is version 10 or higher)

[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.2)
    • Android SDK at Y:\SDKs\Android
    • Platform android-33-ext5, build-tools 33.0.2
    • ANDROID_HOME = Y:\SDKs\Android
    • Java binary at: Y:\Programs\Android Studio\jbr\bin\java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-b2043.56-9586694)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[X] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at .\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe)
    ! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.

[√] Visual Studio - develop for Windows (Visual Studio Community 2022 17.2.6)
    • Visual Studio at O:\Programs\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community
    • Visual Studio Community 2022 version 17.2.32630.192
    • Windows 10 SDK version 10.0.19041.0

[√] Android Studio (version 2022.2)
    • Android Studio at Y:\Programs\Android Studio
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-b2043.56-9586694)

[√] IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition (version 2023.1)
    • IntelliJ at Y:\Programs\IntelliJ IDEA
    • Flutter plugin version 74.0.4
    • Dart plugin version 231.9392.3

[√] Connected device (2 available)
    • Windows (desktop) • windows • windows-x64    • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.3208]
    • Edge (web)        • edge    • web-javascript • Microsoft Edge 115.0.1901.183
    ! Device 192.168.0.194:5555 is offline.

[√] Network resources
    • All expected network resources are available.

! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
```

</details>