Repository: flutter
Issue: `GoRouterState.of` behaves differently between `builder` and `errorBuilder` built widgets
Labels: package,P2,p: go_router,team-go_router,triaged-go_router

### What package does this bug report belong to?

go_router

### What target platforms are you seeing this bug on?

Web

### Have you already upgraded your packages?

Yes

### Dependency versions

<details><summary>pubspec.lock</summary>

```lock
# Generated by pub
# See https://dart.dev/tools/pub/glossary#lockfile
packages:
  async:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: async
      sha256: "947bfcf187f74dbc5e146c9eb9c0f10c9f8b30743e341481c1e2ed3ecc18c20c"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.11.0"
  boolean_selector:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: boolean_selector
      sha256: "6cfb5af12253eaf2b368f07bacc5a80d1301a071c73360d746b7f2e32d762c66"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.1.1"
  characters:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: characters
      sha256: "04a925763edad70e8443c99234dc3328f442e811f1d8fd1a72f1c8ad0f69a605"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.3.0"
  clock:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: clock
      sha256: cb6d7f03e1de671e34607e909a7213e31d7752be4fb66a86d29fe1eb14bfb5cf
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.1.1"
  collection:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: collection
      sha256: ee67cb0715911d28db6bf4af1026078bd6f0128b07a5f66fb2ed94ec6783c09a
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.18.0"
  cupertino_icons:
    dependency: "direct main"
    description:
      name: cupertino_icons
      sha256: ba631d1c7f7bef6b729a622b7b752645a2d076dba9976925b8f25725a30e1ee6
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.0.8"
  fake_async:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: fake_async
      sha256: "511392330127add0b769b75a987850d136345d9227c6b94c96a04cf4a391bf78"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.3.1"
  flutter:
    dependency: "direct main"
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.0"
  flutter_lints:
    dependency: "direct dev"
    description:
      name: flutter_lints
      sha256: "3f41d009ba7172d5ff9be5f6e6e6abb4300e263aab8866d2a0842ed2a70f8f0c"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "4.0.0"
  flutter_test:
    dependency: "direct dev"
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.0"
  flutter_web_plugins:
    dependency: transitive
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.0"
  go_router:
    dependency: "direct main"
    description:
      name: go_router
      sha256: "2ddb88e9ad56ae15ee144ed10e33886777eb5ca2509a914850a5faa7b52ff459"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "14.2.7"
  leak_tracker:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker
      sha256: "3f87a60e8c63aecc975dda1ceedbc8f24de75f09e4856ea27daf8958f2f0ce05"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "10.0.5"
  leak_tracker_flutter_testing:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker_flutter_testing
      sha256: "932549fb305594d82d7183ecd9fa93463e9914e1b67cacc34bc40906594a1806"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "3.0.5"
  leak_tracker_testing:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker_testing
      sha256: "6ba465d5d76e67ddf503e1161d1f4a6bc42306f9d66ca1e8f079a47290fb06d3"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "3.0.1"
  lints:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: lints
      sha256: "976c774dd944a42e83e2467f4cc670daef7eed6295b10b36ae8c85bcbf828235"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "4.0.0"
  logging:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: logging
      sha256: "623a88c9594aa774443aa3eb2d41807a48486b5613e67599fb4c41c0ad47c340"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.0"
  matcher:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: matcher
      sha256: d2323aa2060500f906aa31a895b4030b6da3ebdcc5619d14ce1aada65cd161cb
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.12.16+1"
  material_color_utilities:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: material_color_utilities
      sha256: f7142bb1154231d7ea5f96bc7bde4bda2a0945d2806bb11670e30b850d56bdec
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.11.1"
  meta:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: meta
      sha256: bdb68674043280c3428e9ec998512fb681678676b3c54e773629ffe74419f8c7
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.15.0"
  path:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: path
      sha256: "087ce49c3f0dc39180befefc60fdb4acd8f8620e5682fe2476afd0b3688bb4af"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.9.0"
  sky_engine:
    dependency: transitive
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.99"
  source_span:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: source_span
      sha256: "53e943d4206a5e30df338fd4c6e7a077e02254531b138a15aec3bd143c1a8b3c"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.10.0"
  stack_trace:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: stack_trace
      sha256: "73713990125a6d93122541237550ee3352a2d84baad52d375a4cad2eb9b7ce0b"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.11.1"
  stream_channel:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: stream_channel
      sha256: ba2aa5d8cc609d96bbb2899c28934f9e1af5cddbd60a827822ea467161eb54e7
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.1.2"
  string_scanner:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: string_scanner
      sha256: "556692adab6cfa87322a115640c11f13cb77b3f076ddcc5d6ae3c20242bedcde"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.0"
  term_glyph:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: term_glyph
      sha256: a29248a84fbb7c79282b40b8c72a1209db169a2e0542bce341da992fe1bc7e84
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.1"
  test_api:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: test_api
      sha256: "5b8a98dafc4d5c4c9c72d8b31ab2b23fc13422348d2997120294d3bac86b4ddb"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.7.2"
  vector_math:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vector_math
      sha256: "80b3257d1492ce4d091729e3a67a60407d227c27241d6927be0130c98e741803"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.1.4"
  vm_service:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vm_service
      sha256: "5c5f338a667b4c644744b661f309fb8080bb94b18a7e91ef1dbd343bed00ed6d"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "14.2.5"
sdks:
  dart: ">=3.5.1 <4.0.0"
  flutter: ">=3.19.0"

```

</details>


### Steps to reproduce

See [dartpad example](https://dartpad.dev/?id=ee1702fd06d189fe31c71bae355d736e) and [gist](https://gist.github.com/jackd/ee1702fd06d189fe31c71bae355d736e)

Summary: `GoRoute`'s `build` and `GoRouter`'s `errorBuilder` have the same interface `Widget Function (BuildContext context, GoRouterState state)`. Inside a `build`, widget descendants can call `GoRouterState.of` to get the relevant state. This is not the case for descendants of widgets built with `errorBuilder`.

I'm not entirely certain if this is a bug, but it's certainly unexpected/surprising behaviour in my opinion.

### Expected results

`GoRouterState.of(context)` to return the `GoRouterState` that resulted in an error when called from within widgets created in `errorBuilder`.

### Actual results

Thrown `GoError` for the `errorBuilder` case.

### Code sample

- [dartpad](https://dartpad.dev/?id=ee1702fd06d189fe31c71bae355d736e)
- [gist](https://gist.github.com/jackd/ee1702fd06d189fe31c71bae355d736e)

<details open><summary>Code sample</summary>

```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:go_router/go_router.dart';

Future<void> main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  runApp(const SimpleApp());
}

class SimpleApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const SimpleApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp.router(
        routerConfig: GoRouter(routes: [
      GoRoute(path: '/', builder: (context, state) => RouteExplorer(state))
    ], errorBuilder: (context, state) => RouteExplorer(state)));
  }
}

class RouteExplorer extends StatelessWidget {
  final GoRouterState state;
  const RouteExplorer(this.state, {super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    GoRouterState? fetchedState;
    try {
      fetchedState = GoRouterState.of(context);
    } catch (_) {}
    return Scaffold(
        body: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center, children: [
      ...[
        state,
        fetchedState
      ].map((s) => Text(s == null ? 'Null state' : 'uri.path = ${s.uri.path}')),
      Row(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: ['/', '/foo']
              .map((path) => ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => context.go(path), child: Text(path)))
              .toList())
    ]));
  }
}
```

</details>


### Screenshots or Videos

<details open>
<summary>Screenshots / Video demonstration</summary>

[Upload media here]

</details>


### Logs

_No response_

### Flutter Doctor output

<details open><summary>Doctor output</summary>

```console
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.24.1, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22631.4112], locale en-AU)
    • Flutter version 3.24.1 on channel stable at C:\Users\thedo\dev\flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision 5874a72aa4 (2 weeks ago), 2024-08-20 16:46:00 -0500
    • Engine revision c9b9d5780d
    • Dart version 3.5.1
    • DevTools version 2.37.2

[✓] Windows Version (Installed version of Windows is version 10 or higher)

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
    • Android SDK at C:\Users\thedo\AppData\Local\Android\sdk
    • Platform android-34, build-tools 34.0.0
    • Java binary at: C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr\bin\java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.9+0--11185874)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe

[✓] Visual Studio - develop Windows apps (Visual Studio Community 2022 17.8.3)
    • Visual Studio at C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community
    • Visual Studio Community 2022 version 17.8.34330.188
    • Windows 10 SDK version 10.0.22621.0

[✓] Android Studio (version 2023.2)
    • Android Studio at C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.9+0--11185874)

[✓] VS Code (version 1.92.2)
    • VS Code at C:\Users\thedo\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code
    • Flutter extension version 3.96.0

[✓] Connected device (3 available)
    • Windows (desktop) • windows • windows-x64    • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22631.4112]
    • Chrome (web)      • chrome  • web-javascript • Google Chrome 128.0.6613.113
    • Edge (web)        • edge    • web-javascript • Microsoft Edge 128.0.2739.54

[✓] Network resources
    • All expected network resources are available.

• No issues found!
```

</details>