Repository: rust
Issue: ICE type parameter out of range when substituting
Labels: I-ICE,T-compiler,C-bug,A-const-generics,requires-nightly,glacier,F-generic_const_exprs,S-bug-has-test,requires-incomplete-features

I'm trying to implement something like c++ `std::conditional_t` with `generic_const_exprs`. The follower code just works but much verbose due to lack of type alias inside struct.

### Code

```Rust
#![allow(incomplete_features)]
#![feature(generic_const_exprs)]

trait Ret {
    type R;
}

struct Cond<const PRED: bool, U, V>(std::marker::PhantomData<U>, std::marker::PhantomData<V>);

impl<U, V> Ret for Cond<true, U, V> {
    type R = U;
}

impl<U, V> Ret for Cond<false, U, V> {
    type R = V;
}

struct RobinHashTable<const MAX_LENGTH: usize>
where
    Cond<{ MAX_LENGTH < 65535 }, u16, u32>: Ret,
{
    _idx: <Cond<{ MAX_LENGTH < 65535 }, u16, u32> as Ret>::R,
}

fn main() {
    use std::mem::size_of;
    println!("{}", size_of::<RobinHashTable<1024>>());
    println!("{}", size_of::<RobinHashTable<65536>>());
}
```
I tried to change it to below forms but all got internal compiler error
``` rust
struct RobinHashTable<const MAX_LENGTH: usize, CellIdx = Cond<{ MAX_LENGTH < 65535 }, u16, u32>>
where
    CellIdx: Ret,
{
    _idx: CellIdx::R,
}
```
``` rust
struct RobinHashTable<
    const MAX_LENGTH: usize,
    CellIdx = <Cond<{ MAX_LENGTH < 65535 }, u16, u32> as Ret>::R,
> {
    _idx: CellIdx,
}

```
### Meta
<!--
If you're using the stable version of the compiler, you should also check if the
bug also exists in the beta or nightly versions.
-->

`rustc --version --verbose`:
```
rustc 1.67.0-nightly (234151769 2022-12-03)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: 23415176968e81e0aac92d0218612a89c4e68a82
commit-date: 2022-12-03
host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
release: 1.67.0-nightly
LLVM version: 15.0.4
```

### Error output

```
query stack during panic:
#0 [typeck] type-checking `main`
#1 [typeck_item_bodies] type-checking all item bodies
#2 [analysis] running analysis passes on this crate
end of query stack
```

<!--
Include a backtrace in the code block by setting `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` in your
environment. E.g. `RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo build`.
-->
<details><summary><strong>Backtrace</strong></summary>
<p>

```
error: internal compiler error: compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/subst.rs:810:9: type parameter `CellIdx/#1` (CellIdx/1) out of range when substituting, substs=[Const { ty: usize, kind: Value(Leaf(0x0000000000000400)) }]

thread 'rustc' panicked at 'Box<dyn Any>', /rustc/23415176968e81e0aac92d0218612a89c4e68a82/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs:1575:9
stack backtrace:
   0: std::panicking::begin_panic::<rustc_errors::ExplicitBug>
   1: std::panic::panic_any::<rustc_errors::ExplicitBug>
   2: <rustc_errors::HandlerInner>::bug::<&alloc::string::String>
   3: <rustc_errors::Handler>::bug::<&alloc::string::String>
   4: rustc_middle::ty::context::tls::with_context_opt::<rustc_middle::ty::context::tls::with_opt<rustc_middle::util::bug::opt_span_bug_fmt<rustc_span::span_encoding::Span>::{closure#0}, ()>::{closure#0}, ()>
   5: rustc_middle::util::bug::opt_span_bug_fmt::<rustc_span::span_encoding::Span>
   6: rustc_middle::util::bug::bug_fmt
   7: <rustc_middle::ty::subst::SubstFolder>::type_param_out_of_range
   8: <rustc_middle::ty::subst::SubstFolder as rustc_middle::ty::fold::FallibleTypeFolder>::try_fold_ty
   9: <&rustc_middle::ty::list::List<rustc_middle::ty::subst::GenericArg> as rustc_middle::ty::fold::TypeFoldable>::try_fold_with::<rustc_middle::ty::subst::SubstFolder>
  10: <rustc_middle::ty::consts::Const as rustc_middle::ty::fold::TypeSuperFoldable>::super_fold_with::<rustc_middle::ty::subst::SubstFolder>
  11: <rustc_middle::ty::Ty as rustc_middle::ty::fold::TypeSuperFoldable>::super_fold_with::<rustc_middle::ty::subst::SubstFolder>
  12: <<dyn rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::AstConv>::create_substs_for_ast_path::{closure#0}::SubstsForAstPathCtxt as rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::CreateSubstsForGenericArgsCtxt>::inferred_kind
  13: <dyn rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::AstConv>::res_to_ty
  14: <dyn rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::AstConv>::ast_ty_to_ty_inner::{closure#0}
  15: <<rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::instantiate_value_path::CreateCtorSubstsContext as rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::CreateSubstsForGenericArgsCtxt>::provided_kind
  16: <dyn rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::AstConv>::create_substs_for_generic_args::<<rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::instantiate_value_path::CreateCtorSubstsContext>
  17: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_path
  18: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_call
  19: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  20: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  21: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_argument_types
  22: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_call
  23: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  24: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  25: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  26: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_argument_types
  27: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_call
  28: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  29: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_argument_types
  30: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_call
  31: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  32: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_block_with_expected
  33: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  34: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_block_with_expected
  35: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_expr_with_expectation_and_args
  36: <rustc_hir_typeck::fn_ctxt::FnCtxt>::check_return_expr
  37: rustc_hir_typeck::check::check_fn
  38: rustc_hir_typeck::typeck
  39: <rustc_query_system::dep_graph::graph::DepGraph<rustc_middle::dep_graph::dep_node::DepKind>>::with_task::<rustc_middle::ty::context::TyCtxt, rustc_span::def_id::LocalDefId, &rustc_middle::ty::context::TypeckResults>
  40: rustc_query_system::query::plumbing::try_execute_query::<rustc_query_impl::plumbing::QueryCtxt, rustc_query_system::query::caches::VecCache<rustc_span::def_id::LocalDefId, &rustc_middle::ty::context::TypeckResults>>
  41: rustc_data_structures::sync::par_for_each_in::<&[rustc_span::def_id::LocalDefId], <rustc_middle::hir::map::Map>::par_body_owners<rustc_hir_typeck::typeck_item_bodies::{closure#0}>::{closure#0}>
  42: rustc_hir_typeck::typeck_item_bodies
  43: <rustc_query_system::dep_graph::graph::DepGraph<rustc_middle::dep_graph::dep_node::DepKind>>::with_task::<rustc_middle::ty::context::TyCtxt, (), ()>
  44: rustc_query_system::query::plumbing::try_execute_query::<rustc_query_impl::plumbing::QueryCtxt, rustc_query_system::query::caches::DefaultCache<(), ()>>
  45: rustc_query_system::query::plumbing::get_query::<rustc_query_impl::queries::typeck_item_bodies, rustc_query_impl::plumbing::QueryCtxt>
  46: <rustc_session::session::Session>::time::<(), rustc_hir_analysis::check_crate::{closure#7}>
  47: rustc_hir_analysis::check_crate
  48: rustc_interface::passes::analysis
  49: <rustc_query_system::dep_graph::graph::DepGraph<rustc_middle::dep_graph::dep_node::DepKind>>::with_task::<rustc_middle::ty::context::TyCtxt, (), core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>>
  50: rustc_query_system::query::plumbing::try_execute_query::<rustc_query_impl::plumbing::QueryCtxt, rustc_query_system::query::caches::DefaultCache<(), core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>>>
  51: rustc_query_system::query::plumbing::get_query::<rustc_query_impl::queries::analysis, rustc_query_impl::plumbing::QueryCtxt>
  52: <rustc_interface::passes::QueryContext>::enter::<rustc_driver::run_compiler::{closure#1}::{closure#2}::{closure#2}, core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>>
  53: <rustc_interface::interface::Compiler>::enter::<rustc_driver::run_compiler::{closure#1}::{closure#2}, core::result::Result<core::option::Option<rustc_interface::queries::Linker>, rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>>
  54: rustc_span::with_source_map::<core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>, rustc_interface::interface::run_compiler<core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>, rustc_driver::run_compiler::{closure#1}>::{closure#0}::{closure#0}>
  55: <scoped_tls::ScopedKey<rustc_span::SessionGlobals>>::set::<rustc_interface::interface::run_compiler<core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>, rustc_driver::run_compiler::{closure#1}>::{closure#0}, core::result::Result<(), rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed>>
note: Some details are omitted, run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=full` for a verbose backtrace.

note: the compiler unexpectedly panicked. this is a bug.

note: we would appreciate a bug report: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/new?labels=C-bug%2C+I-ICE%2C+T-compiler&template=ice.md

note: rustc 1.67.0-nightly (234151769 2022-12-03) running on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

note: compiler flags: --crate-type bin -C embed-bitcode=no -C debuginfo=2 -C incremental=[REDACTED]

note: some of the compiler flags provided by cargo are hidden

query stack during panic:
#0 [typeck] type-checking `main`
#1 [typeck_item_bodies] type-checking all item bodies
#2 [analysis] running analysis passes on this crate
end of query stack
```

</p>
</details>