Repository: go
Issue: cmd/go: incompatible module version not detected by 'go run' or 'go build'
Labels: help wanted,NeedsFix,GoCommand,early-in-cycle,modules,BadErrorMessage

### What version of Go are you using (`go version`)?
<pre>
[user@localhost ~]$ go version
go version go1.13 linux/amd64
</pre>
### Does this issue reproduce with the latest release?
yes
### What operating system and processor architecture are you using (`go env`)?
<details><summary><code>go env</code> Output</summary><br><pre>
[user@localhost ~]$ go env
GO111MODULE="on"
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/home/user/.cache/go-build"
GOENV="/home/user/.config/go/env"
GOEXE=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="linux"
GONOPROXY="*.sc-corp.net"
GONOSUMDB="*.sc-corp.net"
GOOS="linux"
GOPATH="/home/user/go"
GOPROXY="https://proxy.golang.org,direct"
GOROOT="/home/user/.local/share/umake/go/go-lang"
GOSUMDB="sum.golang.org"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/home/user/.local/share/umake/go/go-lang/pkg/tool/linux_amd64"
GCCGO="gccgo"
AR="ar"
CC="gcc"
CXX="g++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD="/tmp/test/go.mod"
CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build698062687=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"
</pre></details>

### What did you do?
Create the following `go.mod` file:
```go
module test
  
go 1.13

require k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
```
Create the following `main.go` file:
```go
package main
  
import (
        "fmt"

        "k8s.io/client-go/pkg/version"
)

func main() { fmt.Println(version.Get()) }
```
### What did you expect to see?
The toolchain should fail all interactions with `k8s.io/client-go` because of the combination of the `go.mod` file at the `v12.0.0` tag:
```sh
[user@localhost test]$ go get k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0
go: finding k8s.io v12.0.0
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0
go get k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0: k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0: invalid version: module contains a go.mod file, so major version must be compatible: should be v0 or v1, not v12
[user@localhost test]$ go run .
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go list -m: k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0+incompatible: invalid version: +incompatible suffix not allowed: module contains a go.mod file, so semantic import versioning is required
[user@localhost test]$ go build
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go list -m: k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0+incompatible: invalid version: +incompatible suffix not allowed: module contains a go.mod file, so semantic import versioning is required
[user@localhost test]$ go doc k8s.io/client-go/pkg/version
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go list -m: k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0+incompatible: invalid version: +incompatible suffix not allowed: module contains a go.mod file, so semantic import versioning is required
```
### What did you see instead?
All parts of the toolchain I tested appear to re-find the problematic module on every invocation, however `go get` fails (as above), `go doc` warns, and both `go run` and `go build` succeed:
```sh
[user@localhost test]$ go run .
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
v0.0.0-master+$Format:%h$
[user@localhost test]$ go build
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
[user@localhost test]$ ./test 
v0.0.0-master+$Format:%h$
[user@localhost test]$ go doc k8s.io/client-go/pkg/version
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go: finding k8s.io/client-go v12.0.0+incompatible
go list -m: k8s.io/client-go@v12.0.0+incompatible: invalid version: +incompatible suffix not allowed: module contains a go.mod file, so semantic import versioning is required
package version // import "k8s.io/client-go/pkg/version"

Package version supplies version information collected at build time to
kubernetes components.

func Get() apimachineryversion.Info
```