Repository: flutter
Issue: [Flutter Web] Weird font-weight on dark background
Labels: engine,a: typography,platform-web,has reproducible steps,P2,team-web,triaged-web,found in release: 3.22,found in release: 3.23

### Steps to reproduce

Just run the code sample on Flutter web, and switch to **Dark Mode**(Press the FAB in this sample).

By the way, my screen resolution is 1920x1080.

### Expected results

Visually the same `font-weight` (or rather `thickness`).

### Actual results

Font-weight not same visually.

We can see this clearly in under screenshots.

And i think it's different from #120857. Maybe caused by the `anti-aliasing strategies` on Flutter web.

### Code sample

<details close><summary>Code sample</summary>

```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  State<MyApp> createState() => _MyAppState();
}

class _MyAppState extends State<MyApp> {
  var brightness = ThemeMode.light;

  void toggle() {
    setState(() {
      brightness =
          brightness == ThemeMode.light ? ThemeMode.dark : ThemeMode.light;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      themeMode: brightness,
      theme: ThemeData(
        brightness: Brightness.light,
        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),
        useMaterial3: true,
      ),
      darkTheme: ThemeData(
        brightness: Brightness.dark,
        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(
            seedColor: Colors.deepPurple, brightness: Brightness.dark),
        useMaterial3: true,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});

  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  int _counter = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        backgroundColor: Theme.of(context).colorScheme.inversePrimary,
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            ...[
              const Color(0xFFFF0036),
              Colors.red,
              Colors.orange,
              Colors.yellow,
              Colors.green,
              Colors.blue,
              Colors.indigo,
              Colors.purple,
            ].map((e) => Text(
                  'You have pushed the button this many times:',
                  style: TextStyle(color: e, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
                )),
            const Text(
              'You have pushed the button this many times:',
              style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
            ),
            Text(
              '$_counter',
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headlineMedium,
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          context.findAncestorStateOfType<_MyAppState>()?.toggle();
          setState(() {
            _counter++;
          });
        },
        tooltip: 'Increment',
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
    );
  }
}

```

</details>


### Screenshots or Video

<details open>
<summary>Screenshots</summary>


![light](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/65709676/d61c19cc-d388-488c-99b1-bc02ab276c1f)
![dark](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/65709676/169d599d-4672-460f-89da-9741c5f6b30d)
![red](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/65709676/6e32c068-0007-43d9-8790-559753349cb5)
![white](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/65709676/9ce888b2-8160-4490-9ba6-29cbad7987e2)
![yellow](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/65709676/ea448a89-936c-4fd8-ac25-f4d75209b174)

</details>

### Flutter version

Found in the latest **Master** and **Stable**