Patient description: Patient A is a 30-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital after 10 days of cough, profuse nocturnal sweating and loss of appetite. He had traveled to India 1 months ago and has not any positive history of TB vaccination. He is a previously healthy man, working as an engineer in a high tech company. He doesn't smoke o use any illicit drugs. He was febrile (38 c) with heart rate of 115 b/min, respiratory rate of 22, BP of 125/75 mmHg and O2 sat of 97%. Chest X-ray showed infiltrate in the middle of left lung with diameter of 1.8 cm with signs of cavitation. The sputum smear revealed positive sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis which are sensitive of the first-line TB drugs (isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin and ethambutol). Lab study is reported bellow: Hgb: 13 g/dl WBC: 14000 /mm3 Plt: 300000 /ml AST: 13 U/L ALT: 15 U/L Alk P: 53 U/L Bill total: 0.6 mg/dl Na: 137 mEq/l K: 4 mEq/l Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl ESR: 120 mm/hr

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  Myobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous Subjects with PNTM must meet the following to participate in this study Ages 18-99 years Diagnosis of PNTM Participating on an existing NIH protocol under Principle Investigators Kenneth Olivier MD and Steven Holland MD Willing to allow the proposed protocol to use test results from the protocols of Kenneth Olivier MD and Steven Holland. These data AFB smear and NTM cultures, HIV testing by ELISA and Western blot testing, CRP, ESR, & Beta-2M, FEV1, and Borg Questionnaire results. Healthy volunteers must meet the following to participate in this study Ages 18-80 years Healthy Willing to have blood tests for CRP, Beta-2 M, ESR, and cytokine assessments in respiratory secretions and blood Willing to donate respiratory secretions and blood to be used for future research  Subjects with PNTM Inability or unwillingness to provide any specimens: blood or respiratory (subjects able to provide blood and at least one type of respiratory secretions will not be withdrawn from the study) Current medications of colony stimulating factors, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha or monoclonal antibodies such as Rituximab within three months of this study Vital signs falling beyond the following parameters prior to specimen collection procedures: 1. Temperature (tympanic) greater than 101degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 degrees Celsius) pulse less than 51 per minute or greater than 124 per minute 2. Respiratory rate less than 12 per minute or greater than 40 per minute. 3. Oxygen saturation less than 92 percent New (less than or equal to 30 days) tracheostomy tube, chest tube, or major surgery Current infection with TB or HIV Any condition in the judgment of the investigators that would place subjects at risk or would jeopardize the study Inability or unwillingness to provide any specimens: blood or respiratory (subjects able to provide blood and at least one type of respiratory secretions will not be withdrawn from the study) 2. Current use of specific biological medications: colony stimulating factors, IFN >=, IFN or monoclonal antibodies such as Rituximab within three months of this study 3. Vital signs falling beyond the following parameters prior to specimen collection procedures: 1. Temperature (tympanic) greater than 101degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 o Celsius) 2. Pulse less than 51 per minute or greater than 124 per minute 3. Respiratory rate less than 12 per minute or greater than 40 per minute. 4. Oxygen saturation less than 92% 4. Recent (less than or equal to 30 days) tracheostomy tube, chest tube, or major surgery. 5. Current infection with tuberculosis 6. History of chronic lung disease associated with increased inflammation to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, or any lung condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may potentially be associated with an increased pulmonary inflammatory response. 7. Any condition in the judgment of the investigators that would place subjects at risk or would jeopardize the study. Participation of Women: Contraception: -The protocol has no requirement for contraception or restriction due to contraception choice as the study interventions (blood draw and collection of respiratory secretions have no restriction relative to contraception). Pregnancy: -The protocol has no requirement for restriction due to pregnancy. Study interventions (blood draw and collection of respiratory secretions have no restrictions relative to pregnancy. Participation of Minorities: -There are no restrictions for minority participation in this study. Participation of Children: -Children are not included in this study since the benefit versus the procedural burden of the protocol does not support their inclusion. Asking children to produce three respiratory specimens at a protocol visit is thought to be burdensome. Infants and young children cannot spontaneously expectorate. The main protocol upon which this protocol recruits only includes adults