Patient description: A 62-year-old African-American man presented with left upper and lower extremity weakness, associated with dark visual spot in right eye, right facial numbness, facial drop and slurred speech. He denied dyspnea, headache, palpitations, chest pain, fever, dizziness, bowel or urinary incontinence, loss of consciousness. His medical history was significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. He smokes cigarette 1 pack per day for 40 years and alcohol consumption of 5 to 6 beers per week. He is not aware about his family history. He is using Levothyroxine, Atorvastatin and HTCZ. His vital signs were stable in the primary evaluation. Left-sided facial droop, dysarthria, and left-sided hemiplegia were seen in the physical exam. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was calculated as 7. Initial CT angiogram of head and neck reported no acute intracranial findings. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was administered as well as high-dose statin therapy. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit to be monitored for 24 hours. MRI of the head revealed an acute 1.7-cm infarct of the right periventricular white matter and posterior right basal ganglia.

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 21.0-999.0,  Chronic Kidney Disease Albuminuria Men or women at least 21 years of age: The lower age limit was chosen based on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) definition of adults for participation in research Any race or ethnicity: The investigators expect to recruit 50-60% African American and 40-50% non-African American (White, Hispanic, and Asian Americans), with the vast majority of the latter being non-Hispanic Whites eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73m2 but > 30 mL/min/1.73m2. The upper limit for eGFR was chosen to participants with a clinically significant decrease in renal function. The investigators chose an upper eGFR limit slightly higher than the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) definition of moderately reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to be more inclusive of patients with mild reduction in GFR but significant proteinuria. The lower eGFR limit was set to patients with advanced CKD, where the potential effects of dietary sodium reduction on proteinuria may not be apparent or greatly alter CKD progression. The eGFR to define will be calculated using calibrated serum creatinine values and the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimating equation Albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 30mg/g  Albuminuria ≥1.5 g/g or kidney structural change Prior kidney transplant based on self-report Immunosuppression or other immunotherapy within the past six months prior to enrollment based on patient self-report History of cancer other than non-melanoma skin cancer within two years prior to enrollment based on patient self-report History of polycystic kidney disease Currently receiving dialysis treatment History of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Current pregnancy, breastfeeding or plans to become pregnant during the study Consumption of ≥14 alcoholic drinks/week or consumption of ≥6 drinks/occasion Current participation in another lifestyle intervention trial