Patient description: The patient is a 14-year-old boy complaining of scoliosis and back pain. He has no other medical condition. He used to be able to play routine activities such as basketball and soccer, however, he recently has problem doing them. The pain is in his leg and back and aggravated by physical activities. He prefer lying down most of the time. He is not happy with his body gesture and complaints of shoulder imbalance and shifting his head to right. Patient is a well-dressed and well-nourished adolescent who is alert and cooperative. The left shoulder is slightly higher than the right shoulder. The scoliotic curve is measured as 45 degree. The patients is candidate for scoliosis surgery according to perioperative MEP monitoring

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 21.0-70.0,  Chronic Pain Back Pain Lower Back Chronic Back Pain, Low Participants aged 21 to 70 with CBP will be enrolled CBP will be defined according to the established by a recent NIH task force (Deyo et al., 2014). Pain duration must be at least 3 months, with back pain being an ongoing problem for at least half the days of the last 6 months. That is, patients can meet by either reporting pain every day for the past 3 months, or by reporting pain on half or more of the days for the past 6+ months. This will be determined by asking patients: (1) How long has back pain has been an ongoing problem for you? (2) How often has low back pain been an ongoing problem for you over the past 6 months? A response of greater than 3 months to question 1 and a response of ''at least half the days in the past 6 months'' to question 2 would define CBP Patients must rate pain intensity at 40/100 or greater on the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), in keeping with from previous CBP trials (Baliki et al., 2012; Cherkin et al., 2016; Hashmi et al., 2013; Seminowicz et al., 2011) Back pain must be elicited by our back pain device (see below) Participants must also be comfortable and able to communicate via email or text message, as several study measures are collected in this manner (see below)  Back pain associated with compensation or litigation issues as determined by self-report within the past year Leg pain is greater than back pain. This suggests neuropathic pain, which may be less responsive to placebo or psychotherapy Difficulty participating for technical/logistical issues (e.g., unable to get to assessment sessions) Self-reported diagnoses of schizophrenia, multiple personality disorder, or dissociative identity disorder Self-reported use of intravenous drugs, due to concerns about infections and subject compliance with experimental protocols Inability to undergo MRI as determined by MRI safety screen (e.g., pregnancy, metal in body, claustrophobia, using the standard screen conducted by the MRI imaging facility) Hypersensitive or hyposensitive to pressure pain: unable to tolerate 7kg/cm2 stimulation or reporting no pain for 4kg/cm2 stimulation; see further details below Current regular use of an immunosuppressant drug, such as steroids. Such drugs interfere with immunoassay results Self-reported history of metastasizing cancers-cancer of the breast, thyroid, lung, kidney, prostate or blood cancers Self-reported history of stroke, brain surgery, or brain tumor