Patient description: A 62-year-old African-American man presented with left upper and lower extremity weakness, associated with dark visual spot in right eye, right facial numbness, facial drop and slurred speech. He denied dyspnea, headache, palpitations, chest pain, fever, dizziness, bowel or urinary incontinence, loss of consciousness. His medical history was significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. He smokes cigarette 1 pack per day for 40 years and alcohol consumption of 5 to 6 beers per week. He is not aware about his family history. He is using Levothyroxine, Atorvastatin and HTCZ. His vital signs were stable in the primary evaluation. Left-sided facial droop, dysarthria, and left-sided hemiplegia were seen in the physical exam. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was calculated as 7. Initial CT angiogram of head and neck reported no acute intracranial findings. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was administered as well as high-dose statin therapy. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit to be monitored for 24 hours. MRI of the head revealed an acute 1.7-cm infarct of the right periventricular white matter and posterior right basal ganglia.

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Infective Endocarditis Left-sided IE (Defined according to Duke criteria) on native or prosthetic valve due to one isolate of Staphylococcus sp. (S. aureus or coagulase negative staphylococci, CNS) susceptible to levofloxacin and rifampicin in an adult ≥18 year old appropriate parenteral antibiotics treatment received for at least 10 days in case of valvular surgery, appropriate parenteral antibiotics treatment received for at least 10 days after valvular surgery planned duration of antibiotics will extend for at least 14 days at the time of randomisation i.e. a potential switch to oral treatment between Day 10 and Day 28 thus ensuring to have at least 14 days of oral therapy remaining in the experimental group apyrexia (temperature < 38°C) at each time point during the last 48 hours (at least two measures/day) at the time of randomisation blood cultures have been sterile for at least 5 days at the time of randomisation informed, written consent obtained from patient subject covered by or having the rights to French social security  body mass index <15 kg/m² or > 40 kg/m² glomerular filtration rate < 50 ml/min/1,73m² patient unable or unwilling to take oral treatment (digestive intolerance, significant malabsorption) at the time of randomisation expected difficulties regarding compliance with oral antibiotic treatment or follow-up (e.g. severe cognitive impairment, severe psychiatric disease...) patient without entourage to support and watch him at discharge valvular surgery planned within the next 6 months patients with cardiac devices (pace-maker, implantable cardiac defibrillator) and suspected device-related IE (vegetation on the leads) if removal of the device was not performed breast feeding or pregnant women, or women on childbearing age without effective contraception expected duration of follow-up < 7 months at the time of randomisation (e.g. expected life expectancy < 7 months, patient living abroad...) past medical history of IE in the last 3 months