Patient description: The patient is a 24-year-old man who has had type 1 diabetes for 11 years. He presents to the emergency room with hyperglycemia and concern for possible diabetic ketoacidosis after not taking his insulin for 3 days. The patient reports that he is currently homeless and has lost his supply of insulin, syringes, glucometer, and glucose testing supplies. The patient states that at the time of his initial diagnosis with type 1 diabetes he was hospitalized with a glucose value >1000 mg/dL. At the time, he was experiencing polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. He reports that he has been on insulin since the time of his diagnosis, and he has never been prescribed oral agents for diabetes management. Most recently, he has been using insulin glargine 55 units once daily, and insulin aspart sliding scale 3 times daily. The patient has had previous episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, for which he was hospitalized. With this episode of hyperglycemia, he is not experiencing any nausea, vomiting, or abdominal discomfort, and he appears well. His lab studies showed: A1c: 11.3% Creatinine: 0.9 mg/dL with eGFR >60 mL/min Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 17 U/L Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 14 U/L Beta-hydroxybutyrate: 0.1 mmol/L Bicarbonate: 25 mEq/L Anion

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 have type 1 diabetes mellitus hemoglobin A1C between 6 and 10% have evidence of early diabetic renal disease as determined by creatinine clearance more than 80 ml/minute, urine albumin to creatinine ratio of more than 3.0 and urinary albumin levels consistent with the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (more than 20 mg/mmol for men and more than 28 mg/mmol for women) are without language barrier, cooperative, expected to return for all follow-up visits, and who give informed consent before entering the study's randomization phase and after being informed of the study medications and procedures  Have poorly controlled diabetes, chronic liver disease, clinical jaundice, and/or elevation of liver-related laboratory results, have chronic renal failure on dialysis, have received a kidney transplant or have a moderate to severe kidney disease, have previous history of myocardial infarction, stroke, claudication or amputation, have cancer and are currently receiving chemotherapy or plan to receive chemotherapy in the next 6 months and woman of childbearing potential despite actively practicing birth control by using a medically accepted device or therapy are being treated or intending to start treatment during the trial with excluded drugs: topical or oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and require more than 2 weeks of treatment with drugs known to strongly inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), including but not limited to, delavirdine, fluconazole, itraconazole, indinavir, ketoconazole mibefradil, nelfinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir consume alcohol, tobacco and nicotine products within 48 hours before the study and have any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would preclude meaningful participation in the study, including, but not limited to, abnormal laboratory values the investigator considers clinically significant, patients who are poor medical or psychiatric risks for treatment with an investigational drug, patients who are unlikely to complete the study suspected or proven to have a kidney disease other than diabetic related albuminuria and/or renal insufficiency