Patient description: A 62-year-old African-American man presented with left upper and lower extremity weakness, associated with dark visual spot in right eye, right facial numbness, facial drop and slurred speech. He denied dyspnea, headache, palpitations, chest pain, fever, dizziness, bowel or urinary incontinence, loss of consciousness. His medical history was significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. He smokes cigarette 1 pack per day for 40 years and alcohol consumption of 5 to 6 beers per week. He is not aware about his family history. He is using Levothyroxine, Atorvastatin and HTCZ. His vital signs were stable in the primary evaluation. Left-sided facial droop, dysarthria, and left-sided hemiplegia were seen in the physical exam. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was calculated as 7. Initial CT angiogram of head and neck reported no acute intracranial findings. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was administered as well as high-dose statin therapy. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit to be monitored for 24 hours. MRI of the head revealed an acute 1.7-cm infarct of the right periventricular white matter and posterior right basal ganglia.

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 35.0-75.0,  Ischemic Stroke Chronic Stroke Hemiparesis Arm Paralysis Ischemic stroke that includes the supratentorial region as confirmed by CT or MRI, occurring within 6 to 24 months of the time that surgical intervention will be performed (Qualifying Stroke Event) Modified Rankin Score of 3 or 4 due to the Qualifying Stroke Event Some residual upper limb movement Sufficient cognitive and language abilities to comprehend verbal commands and to carry out the study assessments No medical conditions that would preclude neurosurgery with appropriate preparation and management Ability to attend study visits and complete all study assessments including ability to provide informed consent  Modified Rankin Score of >1 prior to the Qualifying Stroke Event Stroke due to hemorrhage or stroke known or suspected of being caused by, or related to, connective tissue disorder, congenital disorder of the cerebral vessels or a disorder of thrombosis; patients with atrial fibrillation as a suspected cause of stroke are NOT excluded Neurosurgical pathway obstructed by vascular malformation or cavity History of neurological or other disease resulting in significant functional impairment (e.g. Parkinson's disease, motor neuron disease, moderate dementia, arthritis, contractures or fixed anatomical abnormality) Inability to stop or transition off valproic acid or other demethylating agents or Histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors for 1 week before and 4 weeks after surgery Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), unless the subject is on a stable dose that has been started at least 2-months before screening (V1) Use of antispasticity medications (excluding oral antispasticity medications if they have been taken regularly for at least one month prior to surgery)The use of Botox® or similar is allowed if the last dose was ≥3 months prior to screening; however, its use will be prohibited until following the 12 month visit Inability to discontinue anticoagulation therapy for a required interval History of malignant disease within the last 5 years, or any history of primary or secondary brain malignant disease Patients who have previously participated in a cell-based therapy study at any time or in any other study involving an investigational product or rehabilitation study within the last 30 days