Patient description: The patient is a 63-year-old man presenting to the Emergency Department with a history of acute urinary retention in the past 2 days. Abdominopelvic CT scan revealed a large prostate and a bladder filled with urine. He is a candidate for urethral catheterization and TURP. Further evaluation revealed: Post-void residual: 71 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 63 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.5 ng/mL His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.6 g/dl WBC: 133000 /mm3 Plt: 370000 /ml PT: 12 second PTT: 34 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Blast Phase Philadelphia Chromosomes Positive (Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+) Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) Participant must have a histologically or cytopathologically confirmed blast phase Ph+ CML or Ph+ ALL Participant is 18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent Participant must have performance status 0-3 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Scale Participant has at least 30 percent blasts in peripheral blood; or at least 30 percent lymphoblasts in peripheral blood or bone marrow For Part II Participant has progressed while taking imatinib or is unable to tolerate imatinib, being defined as discontinuing imatinib treatment as a result of nonhematologic toxic effects of any grade If female, participant is either post-menopausal, free from menses for >2 years, surgically sterilized or willing to use 2 adequate barrier methods of contraception to prevent pregnancy or agrees to abstain from heterosexual activity throughout the study, starting with Visit 1 Female participants of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (beta hCG) at screening If male, participant is surgically sterilized, agrees to use an adequate method of contraception, or agrees to abstain from heterosexual activity for the duration of the study Participant or the patrticipant's legal representative has voluntarily agreed to participate by giving written informed consent  Participant is currently participating in or has participated in a study with an investigational compound or device within 30 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, of the start of treatment Participant has known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or HIV-related malignancy Participant is a female who is pregnant or breastfeeding, or is expecting to conceive within the projected duration of the study Participant has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to imatinib, dasatinib or nilotinib Participant has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality that might confound the results of the study, interfere with the participant's participation for the full duration of the study, or is not in the best interest of the participant to participate Participant has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial There is any concern by the investigator regarding the safe participation of the participant in the study or for any other reason, the investigator considers the participant inappropriate for participation in the study