Patient description: A 42-year-old healthy woman came to the clinic to have her flu shot in early October. She works in a rehab center and has no underlying disease. It's her first time getting the vaccine this year. She is married for 5 years and uses barrier methods of contraception. Her menstrual cycle is irregular. She does not smoke. She is not on any medications. She exercises regularly for 30 minutes a day at least 5 days a week. She has no history of allergies to any food or drugs. Her past surgical history is significant for tonsillectomy and she is otherwise healthy.

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Stage IA Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Stage IB Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Stage IIA Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Stage IIB Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Stage IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing a diagnostic biopsy, including computed tomography (CT)-guided or bronchoscopic for suspected diagnosis of NSCLC Able to understand and sign an informed consent discussing the risks and benefits of obtaining a concurrent research biopsy; patients who have a fresh frozen biopsy available secondary to institutional tissue collection protocols may substitute such a biopsy for the study-required pre-treatment biopsy Histologically confirmed diagnosis of operable NSCLC that has not been previously treated Clinical stage IA-IIIA Appropriate candidate for surgical management, in the opinion of the treating thoracic surgeon Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2 at the time of initiation of neoadjuvant epigenetic therapy Absolute neutrophil count > 1,000/mcL Platelets > 100,000/mcL Total bilirubin < 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) < 2.5 x institutional ULN  Patients who have received prior chemotherapy or radiation for their diagnosis of lung cancer Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agent History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to entinostat or 5-azacytidine Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements Pregnant women are excluded from this study; breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated on this protocol Any co-morbid condition that' in the view of the attending physician' renders the patient at high risk from treatment complications Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible Known or suspected hypersensitivity to azacitidine or mannitol Patients with advanced malignant hepatic tumors Use of anti-neoplastic or anti-tumor agents that are not part of the study therapy, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and hormonal anticancer therapy, is not permitted while participating in this study; Note: study participants with stage II or III NSCLC, or stage I NSCLC with tumor size greater than 4 cm, should be offered standard adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in accordance with local practice (post-operatively)