semaj83/ctmatch_classification huggingface dataset:
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-100.0,  Prostate Subjects must be over age 18. Subjects must have a newly diagnosed prostate disease or condition. Subjects must not currently take hormones
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Having a symptomatic BPH diagnosed clinically by digital rectal examination and ultrasonography Suffering for at least 6 months from lower urinary tract symptoms related to BPH An I-PSS total score ≥ 13 Out patient  Patients previously treated with SL77.0499-10 Neurogenic bladder dysfunction, confirmed or suspected, irrespective of aetiology Isolated bladder neck disease Diagnosed carcinoma of the prostate Previous prostatic surgery or other invasive procedures (thermotherapy…) for the treatment of BPH Patients having an indwelling catheter A residual urine > 200mL Patients with Moderate or sever hepatic insufficiency Known hypersensitivity to alpha1-blockers Patients who have received anti-androgens, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, LH-RH analogues within the previous 3 months before Screening
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  Cold Agglutinin Disease CAD diagnosis defined by the combination of Chronic haemolysis Cold agglutinin titre > 64 Positive direct antiglobulin test when performed with polyspecific antiserum, negative (or only weakly positive) with anti-IgG, and strongly positive with anti-C3d 2. The presence of a clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder defined by Monoclonal IgMκ band by serum electrophoresis and immunofixation, and Lymphocyte phenotype with κ/λ-ratio > 3.5 and CD20+,κ+ co-expression, using flowcytometric immunophenotyping of bone marrow aspirates 3. Clinical symptoms requiring treatment, such as anaemia or Raynaud-like symptoms 4. Informed consent  An aggressive lymphoma 2. Blood lymphocyte count > 50 . 109/L 3. Non-lymphatic malignant disease other than basal cell carcinoma 4. Contra-indications to rituximab or fludarabine therapy 5. Inability to cooperate
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Cystic Fibrosis Mucoviscidosis Age >= 18 years Patient suffering from cystic fibrosis Patient has at least three measures of maximum expiratory volume per second <= 45% of the theory among the 6 last measures performed Affiliation to French social security Capacity to consent  Pregnant women Contraindication to application of magnetic field Pacemaker History of neurosurgical intervention Presence of metallic particles near the stimulation site
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 40.0-999.0,  Prostatic Hyperplasia Male subjects, aged 40 years and above, with documented LUTS with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥13 Clinical diagnosis of BPH Qmax 5 to 15 ml/sec with a voided volume of ≥150 ml Urodynamically defined bladder outlet obstruction  prostate cancer Post-void residual urine volume >200 ml Documented UTI History of relevant urological surgery
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia suffering from LUTS related to BPH for at least 6 months having an IPSS >13 having a urinary peak flow rate 5.0 to 12.0 mL/s for a voided volume of at least 150 mL having a residual urine volume < or = 200 mL
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 35.0-75.0,  Prostate Cancer Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), meeting 1 of the following PSA > 4.0 ng/mL for patients at any age PSA > 2.0 ng/mL for patients 35 to 49 years of age PSA rise (velocity) of > 0.75 ng/mL over the past year Has undergone a prostate biopsy* (following findings of elevated PSA) within the past 180 days that failed to reveal prostate cancer Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia allowed NOTE: *At least 4 core biopsies are considered acceptable Karnofsky performance status 80-100% Bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL AST and ALT ≤ 2 times upper limit of normal Creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dL
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Locally Confined Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate Histologically confirmed, locally confined adenocarcinoma of the prostate PSA of less than 10 ngmL Combined Gleason score 6 or less, with no individual Gleason score of 4 or 5 The patient has decided to undergo brachytherapy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital as treatment choice for his prostate cancer Karnofsky Performance Status greater than 70 Prostate volume by TRUS less than 50 cc International Prostate symptom score must be 18 or less Signed study-specific consent form prior to registration  Clinical or Pathological Lymph node involvement Evidence of distant metastases Radical surgery for carcinoma of the prostate Chemotherapy or pelvic radiation therapy Previous transurethral resection of the prostate Previous or concurrent cancers other than basal or squamous cell skin cancers unless disease free for at least 5 years Significant obstructive symptoms Major medical or psychiatric illness which, in the investigator's opinion, Hip prosthesis Anatomic or medical condition (such as prior abdominal perineal resection or anal stricture) which would preclude the use of TRUS Implanted device or apparatus which might obstruct visibility of the implanted sources on fluoroscopy
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy All of the following questions must be answered "Yes" at Visit 1 in order for the patient to participate in the study Is the patient at least 50 years old? Does the patient have clinical signs and symptoms consistent with BPH? Does the patient have an IPSS ³13 at screening (prior to placebo run in)? Does the patient have a peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) of 4-15 mL/sec established on a voided volume of at least 125 mL? Is the patient willing to agree not to use any other approved or experimental pharmacologic BPH treatments including alpha blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, anti-cholinergic preparations or herbal preparations at any time during the study?  All of the following questions must be answered "No" at Visit 1 in order for the patient to participate in the study Does the patient have a history of prostate cancer or a serum PSA >10 ng/mL? Has the patient had prior prostate or bladder surgery, pelvic surgery (excluding hernia repair), pelvic radiation or lower urinary tract malignancy? Does the patient have a prevoid total bladder volume assessed by ultrasound > 550 mL? Does the patient have a residual urine volume > 350 mL by ultrasound? Has the patient taken or is currently taking any of the following
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia The patient is a male at least 50 years of age The patient's peak urinary flow rate is at least 4 ml/sec, but not greater than 15 ml/sec, and the voided volume is at least 125 ml Prostate volume must be greater than 30 grams The AUA-SI is greater than or equal to 9 Patient must be scheduled for a Laser TURP or eligible to be scheduled for Laser TURP Patient must be able to complete the study requirements prior to the scheduled laser TURP The patient has signed the informed consent prior to the performance of any study procedures  The patient has had any prior surgical intervention for BPH The patient is receiving any intervention for prostate disease (either medical or surgical) or is presently enrolled in any study protocol The patient has had a previous hypersensitivity, idiosyncrasy, or clinically suspected drug reaction to dutasteride The patient has taken an alpha-1 blocker within 1 month of randomization The patient has taken finasteride or dutasteride within 3 months of randomization The patient has taken phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, imipramine, and an anticholinergic or cholinergic medication within 4 weeks of the screening visit The patient has taken an estrogen, androgen, or any drug producing androgen suppression, or anabolic steroids The patient has an inability to urinate The patient has clinically significant renal or hepatic impairment (i.e., creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dl or AST greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) The patient has a PSA level greater than 10 ug/ml (Hybritech)
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Hiostologically proved DTC (M0)  Preoperative metastasis
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  Recurrent Prostate Cancer Histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer Stage D0 Must have undergone some definitive local therapy for prostate cancer Must be free of macrometastatic disease, as evidenced by computed tomography (CT) scan and bone scan, if serum PSA ≥ 10 ng/mL prior to GnRH agonist therapy Progressive disease meeting the following NOTE: Patients who have undergone a prostatectomy and have two detectable, rising serum PSA levels are eligible Two consecutive rises in PSA above nadir recorded after definite local therapy Serum PSA concentrations must have absolute value of > 0.5 ng/mL (separated by ≥ 2 weeks) prior to beginning GnRH agonist therapy PSA < 0.5 ng/mL Testosterone < 30 ng/mL No measurable disease
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 18.0-70.0,  Hepatocellular Carcinoma Histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma. 2. HCC underwent curative resection within 6 weeks before registration. 3. Grossly, the resection margin should be > 1 cm. 4. Tumors, either single, < 5 cm in size or no more than 3 for size < 3 cm. 5. Patients must have a performance status of ECOG score < 2. 6. Patients must have adequate liver reservation and adequate hemogram Pugh-Child's Score < 7 The serum total bilirubin level are < 2 mg/dl The prothrombin times are < 3 sec above normal control The platelet are > 7.5 x 104 / mm3 The WBC are > 3,000 / mm3. 7. Patient must have serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dl 8. Cardiac function with NYHA classification < Grade II 9. HBsAg (+) . 10. Signed informed consent  Patients who have non-curative resection are not eligible. 2. Resected HCCs with histologically positive margins are not eligible. 3. HCCs with radiological evidence of portal vein thrombus are not eligible. 4. Patients with other systemic diseases which required concurrent usage of glucoticosteroid or immunosuppressant agent(s) are not eligible. 5. Patients with advanced second primary malignancy are not eligible. 6. Patients with pregnancy or breast-feeding are not eligible. 7. Patients with severe cardiopulmonary diseases are not eligible. 8. Patients with clinically significant psychiatric disorder are not eligible. 9. Patients who had antineoplastic chemotherapeutic or immuno-therapeutic drugs or corticosteroids within 6 weeks of commencing the protocol are not eligible. 10. Patients who had prior lamividine and/or adefovir dipivoxil therapy are not eligible. 11. Anti-HCV positive patients are not eligible
Patient description: The patient is a 55 year old man visiting his primary care physician for lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency, urgency, weak stream, incomplete emptying and intermittent flow for the past 9 months. Further evaluation revealed: IPSS score : 15 Post-void residual: 70 mL Prostate volume (TRUS): 60 mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: 3.2 ng/mL 10 mL/sec of maximum flow rate when urine volume was 130 mL He is otherwise healthy only using Vit D 1000 units daily. His recent blood chemistry (3 days ago) was normal: Hgb: 13.5 g/dl WBC: 135000 /mm3 Plt: 350000 /ml PT: 11 second PTT: 35 second INR: 0.9 Creatinine: 0.5 mg/dl BUN: 10 mg/dl U/A: Color: yellow Appearance: cloudy PH: 5.3 Specific gravity: 1.010 Glc: 100 Nitrite: negative Ketone: none Leukocyte esterase: negative RBC: negative WBC: 2 WBCs/hpf U/C: negative

Clinical trial eligibility criteria: eligible ages (years): 45.0-999.0,  Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia All male subjects ≥ 45 years of age who have a history of symptomatic/obstructive symptoms secondary to BPH greater than 3 months, an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) / American Urology Association (AUA) score >14, require surgical intervention, and are an acceptable risk for anesthesia and surgery are eligible to participate in this study  American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of physical status > III An unstable cardiopulmonary disorder, previously or recently diagnosed by standard methods A myocardial infarction or coronary artery stent placement within 6 months of the treatment Neurogenic lower urinary dysfunction A post-void residual (PVR) volume ≥ 400 mL Pre-existing urinary incontinence Active localized or systemic infection, including urinary tract infection (UTI) or prostatitis affecting bladder function Pre-existing damage of external urinary sphincter Presence of cystolithiasis, urethral stricture, or bladder neck contracture Prostate volume (PV), as measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), less than 30cc or greater than 200cc