sadat2307/MSciNLI huggingface dataset:
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: These primitives, rather similar to those of other mobile agent frameworks, do not require direct use of the name of the method to be invoked, but an action name has to be specified: by us-ing the se~action primitive, the callee agent can establish the correspondence between an action name and the rel- ative agent method.
Sentence 2: get and peek allow the programmer to specify a matching expression based on Unix- style regular expressions.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The velocity of nodes is distri­buted uniformly between a minimum and maximum speed.
Sentence 2: in re­  (a) Topology after packet injection (b) Test packet distribution after successful delivery Figure 5: Experiment 3 topology n f t [mm:ss] tn [mm:ss] route 1 1 17:53 17:53 11 .
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 3.1 The GuardianIQ Editor The GuardianIQ Editor is a java-based syntax-directed editor that allows the user to define data quality rules.
Sentence 2: the structure of a data set is abstracted so that we can target data validation at fixed-field flat data files, field-separated data files, or data sitting in any number of vendor-supplied RDBMS systems.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: BlueJ, a software tool for teaching OO principles, has been designed so that polymorphic behavior may be illustrated easily: Interactively invoking the same method on different objects can exhibit different behavior, and objects of distinct (sub-)classes may be passed to a method expecting the superclass as a parameter.
Sentence 2: can this be avoided, or if not, leveraged?
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For example, the constraints on DB_Success and DB_Already_Exists for Linked-Set.Add starting at line 186 in Figure 1, even though non-trivial, can be coded using universal/existential quanti.cation as seen in Figure 2.
Sentence 2: hatcli., Robby, P. Chalin, D. Hardin, and X. Deng.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: A consequence of the variation in implicit assumptions embedded in the different models is that it is not easy to compare models or transfer knowledge derived from one model to another.Thisisproblematicfor thefollowing rea­son.Thereisgeneral agreementinthe softwareindustrythat software project outcomes can be maximised by tailoring the process to the speci.cs of individual projects.
Sentence 2: there is no provision for examiningmultipleprojectobjectivesandtheframework upon which the approach is based contains a number of process-relatedassumptions that constrain .exibility.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: From the perspective of design evolution, one single anonymous class does not have too many effects on software design, since, accord­ing to the Java specification, anonymous classes are mainly used to avoid creating a bunch of simple subclasses or implementations of interfaces.
Sentence 2: there has been some work at investigating the use of compara­tive analysis of different snapshots of a software system for draw­ing inferences regarding its evolution.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 4.3 Class Initialization Class initialization occurs in Java when a class is .rst used, and involves invoking a special static method in the class bytecode called an initializer.
Sentence 2: more advanced forms of execution capture, such as om­niscient debugging [17], present the state of a process at a single point in time using a similar re.ective model equally incompatible with evaluating expressions.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: "xy"; $i =$i+1; } $T = str_replace("x","xx",$S); $O = $O.$T; The value of $O is initialized to the empty string at the beginning of execution.
Sentence 2: the ap­proximation must be constructed for the input speci.cation corresponding to the fact that any string might be sent by a Web browser.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The data value perturbation generates test inputs of invalid data types.
Sentence 2: prede.ning policy templates requires manual ef­forts.Apossible solutiontoavoidsuch manualeffortsisthatweau­tomatically generate XACML policies based on the XACML schema and then we use the existing classi.ed policies, whose initial set shall be the conformance test suite used in Section 5, to automati­cally classify the newly generated policies into an existing category.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: We present LVars, a new model for deterministic­by-construction parallel programming that generalizes existing single-assignment models to allow multiple assignments that are monotonically increasing with respect to a user-speci.ed lattice.
Sentence 2: it says that if a con.guration (S; e) steps to (S ' ; e ' ), then (S; e) can also step to con.gurations that are safe renamings of (S ' ; e ' ) with respect to (S; e) "-.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Different theories exhibit both general and subtle differences, for example a difference in the type or number of sub-processes in the process model, or a difference in the way knowledge is represented.
Sentence 2: due to the large number of ID theories and the diversity of elements which they are composed of, the first stage of any systematic appraisal would be to develop a framework for classifying and analyzing ID theories.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It can also promote the communication of architec­ture documentation by visualization of alternatives, decision drivers,and arguments of ADDs and their dependencies, es­pecially when the number of ADDs and their alternatives increases, consequently speeds up related architecting ac­tivities.
Sentence 2: traceability support: Traceability means that the ori­gins and targets of an ADD are traceable.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: An Internetware component is ultimately an independent service unit that satisfies required functionality and quality.
Sentence 2: the general process for the Delphi technique includes several steps: a) a group of experts give their evaluation independently; b) evaluations are collected and sent out to experts; c) experts refer to other evaluation and reevaluate; d) repeat step b) and c) when experts stop changing their attitude.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: On server side, mapping from user certi.cate to login name is provided by standard Globus grid-map.le.
Sentence 2: in the current implementation, logs of these daemons are used: agent provides information about job creation, job sub­mit and job end  matchmaker provides information about matching, which resource was selected to run job  shadow and sandbox provide information when job is actually running  Unlike gLite Log Monitor component [8] or Apel [2] ac­counting system we do not read the Condor user log its content and even its location is a.ected by the user s settings, making it unreliable for our purposes.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It follows that at least a subset of the server s state machine of which actions are transi­tions must be statically known for the bot to accomplish some pre-de.ned task.
Sentence 2: iNTRODUCTION The REST architectural style, as de.ned by Roy Fielding in his thesis [3], is characterized by four constraints: (i) identi­.cation of resources (ii) manipulation of resources through representations (iii) self-descriptive messages and (iv) hyper­media as the engine of application state.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The queue structure required when multiread is greater than multiget, though, reduces the performance bene.ts having a high multiread width can provide.
Sentence 2: second, we emphasize and evaluate the synergistic bene.ts of comprehensive vectorization: as we show in our evaluation, combining network and storage vectorization provides a large boost in throughput without imposing extra latency for batching requests together (the price of batching, once paid, is paid for all subsequent vector interfaces).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In the table, p] o a z=m(r rT] (pez)andAg represents the BDD node associated with the predicate upp(prepresents the SSA subscript).
Sentence 2: the exponential term becomes 0o ( p f)or 0o ( a), where is the maximum control .ow graph slice, in the worst case using the ordering provided by the control .ow graph.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In uniform-mixing models, an infected host has the same probability of infecting any vulnerable host in the population this assumption is clearly not valid for malware tar­geting power-law or mobile networks that exploit the local network  Figure 1: Betweenness Centrality (BC) of email and P2P topologies structure.
Sentence 2: how­ever, one should consider a more realistic wireless channel model by considering shadowing effects that are induced by the presence of obstacles.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC 10), Nov. 2010.
Sentence 2: if the scheduling decisions were made at the point at which expiring timers hit .rst, then the sched­uler would be able to control and adjust all timer based events in the system based on the scheduling policy and other tunables suitable for di.erent platforms such as lap­tops,desktops,smallclusters,andHPC environments.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The MK4001MTD has low active power consumption 3.8 times and low standby power consumption 2.1 times as much as the Travelstar 80GN, but its access time is 1.27 times longer than that of the Travelstar 80GN.
Sentence 2: if the frequency of file access varies significantly with time, PDC may cause a lot of file migration, which itself uses energy and also limits the possibility of energy saving by idle disks.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It also computes the (message) complexity of the stabilization period of the original algorithm, which is O(N3), and the improved ver-sion, which is ®(N 2 log N), where N is the number of pro- cesses plus the number of messages in transit.
Sentence 2: with prob- ability at least 3/4, E2 occurred, where E2 is the event "the ratio is less than 8".
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In the synchronous model, the computation proceeds in rounds, and all messages sent to a process s in round i are delivered simultaneously in round i +1.
Sentence 2: the basic idea is to analyze the se­quence of graphs Gt derived from the neighbor lists Nu at each time t.We use M for the time to perform a merge operation and D for the maximum message delay; note that since the nodes in the protocol may in fact be trees simu­lating single supernodes, D can be as large as the depth of the tree.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 7 03700 Denia, Spain Campus da Penteada 7491 Trondheim, Norway +34 966 435555 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal +47 73593443 +351 291 705150 hal@idi.ntnu.no pjmolina@care-t.com njn@uma.pt ABSTRACT Model-based IU is an established discipline.
Sentence 2: iUI 04, Jan. 13 16, 2004, Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Specific research efforts involving integration between BANs and Cloud computing include a Cloud-enabled system based on an integrative gaming paradigm [10], a Cloud-based ECG data analysis service [11], and BodyCloud [3, 4].
Sentence 2: users can create new BodyCloud services by defining the aforementioned entities: groups, modalities, workflows, and views.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Studies [13, 16] have found that the energy consumption in memory can be up to 200 times higher than the consumption resulting from cache hits [13].
Sentence 2: we then analyze a suite of benchmark programs representative of current embedded applications, measuring several metrics that in­clude reference behaviors of Java objects, reference count, cache behaviors, instruction count, and garbage collection invocations.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Once again, the Comet program associates a queen with every column and it uses queen[i] to denote the row of the queen on column i.
Sentence 2: comet supports a layered ar­chitecture cleanly separating modeling and search aspects of the programs, constraints encapsulating incremental al­gorithms, and various control abstraction to simplify neigh­borhood exploration and meta-heuristics.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Is itpossi­ble for entities in a LBS system(mobile user, LBS provider, mobile operator) to encode and exchange information they possess, in a manner that removes the need for a separate matching service?
Sentence 2: in this paper we outline an architecture for a structured overlay DHT [6] based de­centralized implementation of such a service, and argue that with this approachitwillbeimpossibleforanyparticipating parties to recreate the crucial information about users.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pages 459 468, Port­land, Oregon, United States, May 2000.
Sentence 2: no tile can attach at a nucleation site unless  GGGG 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 G G4,4 2,4 G G G1 4,3 2,3 G4 G 2G G 4,2 2,2 G 3G G 4,1 2,1 8 7 6 7 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 7 1 2 3 8 GGGG 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 (a) (b) Figure 1: (a)The structure of 4x4 block.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: EventCJ manages active layers based on events that trigger transition of layers, instead of controlling the layer activation on the basis of the dynamic scope of executions.
Sentence 2: for example, in the pedestrian navi­gation system, activation of the WifiNavi layer may be trig­gered by the following event handler onStatusChanged that handles an event detected by a change of the GPS system status indicating the entrance of a building: 1 void onStatusChanged(...) { 2 overlay.onProviderDisabled("gps"); 3 wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true); 4 // WifiNavi shall be active, but... 5 } the onStatusChanged method itself does not call the run method, which should exhibit context-dependent be­havior.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In the case of the Trending application, the following alternative solutions were evaluated Alternative 1: Limiting the user from querying large amounts of data in a single request.
Sentence 2: when a user wants to search for relevant past experience for a current project, he has to manually look up the performance repository, open each document for perusal, and then figure out whether the data in the document offers insight towards solving the current problem.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Categories and Subject Descriptors E.0.e [General]: Knowledge and data engineering tools and techniques; I.2.4 [Arti.cial Intelligence]: Knowledge Rep­resentation Formalisms and Methods; I.2.13 [Arti.cial In­telligence]: Knowledge Reuse Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work forpersonal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies arenot made or distributed for pro.t or commercial advantage and that copiesbear this notice and the full citation on the .rst page.
Sentence 2: this process relied on manual intervention.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Because software model checkers use conservative abstrac­tions, a non-spurious counterexample can be produced from even a very coarse abstraction of a program.
Sentence 2: the approach can be generalized to apply 10In such a tool, SSA would be applied to the abstracted program, A(P) to generate a BMC instance, in place of the current direct unwinding of the transition relation.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: As shown in Figure 1, however, test case prioritization is prior to test case execu­tion, so that it is impossible to obtain the number of faults detected by each test case during test case prioritization.
Sentence 2: moreover, our ARP strategy can also be more time-saving than traditional interaction test suite prioritization strategy, while maintaining similar e.ectiveness, according to combinatorial coverage.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 7.2 Lessons from the Reference Graph Our reference-graph approach is orthogonal to the problem of per­forming garbage collection on the GPU: we assume that in the near future, GPUs will be capable of mapping the entire heap, per­haps even cache-coherent with the CPU.
Sentence 2: only one of the linked lists is traced by the mark phase.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: intoaless-than-linearyetsignifcantspeedup.Figure17 showstheresultsforafewofourbenchmarks.Thelargest speedupisforconvolve,inwhichthereductionofconstant multiplicationsincreasedclockspeedsbynearly3..Onthe otherhand,theMPEGcorrelationkerneldidnotspeedup becausetheoriginalbitwidthswerealreadyclosetooptimal.
Sentence 2: 6.4ClockSpeed Wealsoexpectbitwidthoptimizationtoreducethelatency alongthecriticalpathsofthecircuitandincreasemaximum systemclockspeed.Ifcircuitstructuresarelinear,suchas aripplecarryadder,thenweexpectalinearincrease.How­ever,commonstructuressuchascarry-saveadders,multi­plexors,andbarrelshiftersaretypicallyimplementedwith logarithmiclatency.bitwidthreductiontranslates Figure16:FPGAareaafterBitwiseoptimization.Registersav­ingstranslatedirectlyintoareasavingsforFPGAs.Inthefgure, post-synthesisCLBcountmeasuresthenumberofinternalcombi­nationallogicblocksrequiredtoimplementthebenchmarkwhen compiledtoFPGAs.Combinationallogicblocks(CLBs)eachin­clude2fourinputlookuptablesand2fip-fopregisters.Wasted CLBsduetoroutingdifcultiesduringvendorplaceandroute arenotincludedinthisresult,butshouldreduceproportionally.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Previous data-parallel streaming ar­chitectures have focused on designing a special memory hierarchy to support this communication [18].
Sentence 2: thismotivatestheneedforamoreintelligentapproachforexploitingdataparallelisminstreamingapplicationswhentar­getingmulticorearchitectures.ThesecondbarofFigure8givesthespeedupofcoarse-graineddataparallelismoversingle-coreStreamIt.Themeanspeedupacrossoursuiteis9.9xoversinglecoreand4.36xoverourtaskparallelbaseline.BitonicSort,whoseoriginalgranularitywastoo.ne,nowachievesa8.4xspeedupoverasinglecore.6ofour12applicationsarestatelessandnon­peeking(BitonicSort,DCT,DES,FFT,Serpent,andTDE)andthusfusetoone.lterthatis.ssed16ways.Forthesebenchmarksthemeanspeedupis11.1xoverthesinglecore.ForDCT,thealgo­rithmdata-parallelizesthebottleneckoftheapplication(asingle.lterthatperformsmorethan6xtheworkofeachoftheother.lters).Coarse-graineddataparallelismachievesa14.6xspeedupoversingle-core,while.ne-grainedachievesonly4.0xbecauseit.ssesattoo.neagranularity,ignoringsynchronization.Coarsen­ingandthenparallelizingreducesthesynchronizationcostsofdataparallelizing.ForRadarandVocoder,dataparallelismisparalyzedbythepreponderanceofstatefulcomputation.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA {kamrul, angeloh, mhb, mchiang, sms, cpeters, anew}@yahoo-inc.com Alejandro Abdelnur Cloudera Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA tucu@cloudera.com ABSTRACT Hadoop is a massively scalable parallel computation platform capable of running hundreds of jobs concurrently, and many thousands of jobs per day.
Sentence 2: retrieved from http://blogs.forrester.com/srm/2009/11/cloud-security­front-and-center.html [22] Brodkin, J.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: A secondary and more exploratory goal is to support activ­ity knowledge in order to improve orientation, reduce omis­sions, and offer traceability.
Sentence 2: among the detailed knowledge and speci.cations that clients may actively seek, however, there may also be details of which clients should be made aware even if they were not planning to actively seek information about the artifact.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This will lessen the problem of cou­pling and improve the .exibility of our software.
Sentence 2: 4.3 What: relations, not scripts or circuits Research work has proposed several new integration do­mains: coordination languages [Arbab and Mavaddat 2002], delta languages [Keller and Holzle 1998] and semantic patching tools [Padioleau et al.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: (cons a b) (cons a b) The values of the expressions below are also equal: (cons (cons a b) (cons a b)) (let ([x (cons a b)]) (cons x x)) even though the former consists of three pairs while the latter con­sists of only two, as illustrated in Figure 1, because anycomposi­tion of car and cdr performed in parallel on the two values yields the same (equal) structures.
Sentence 2: it performs well on large and small, cyclic and acyclic inputs by interleaving a low-overhead al­gorithm that terminates only for acyclic inputs with a more general algorithm that handles cyclic inputs.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Finally, an orchestrator for an online banking account is given in Figure 7, which exhibits the internal behaviour of the online banking service.
Sentence 2: we can label the transitions in a constraint automaton for the in­ternal view of a web service by the pair (N, g) where each element in N is a pair (W, n) as given previously, and g is a data constraint.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: He found that the migration policy that causes thegreatest reductionin work(measured as takeover time, that is, the number of generations required to converge to the best individual from the initial population, by applying selection only) is to choose both the immigrants and the replacements according to their .tness, because this policy increasestheselectionpressureandmay causethealgorithm to converge signi.cantly faster.
Sentence 2: the same problem tested with the GBX crossover opera­tor yields the results shown in Figure 5.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Each functional service implementation uses   discover required services not available discover required services not available discover required services all required services available Figure 3: Application Service Modes for Dynamic Integration  the software platform in consideration of the hosting hardware components.
Sentence 2: the mechanism of adding extra descriptive information to the interface while registering with the lookup is limited in comparison to other interface description techniques like the CORBA interface description language (IDL).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Our work is different from theirs in that the focus of our work is to minimize the cache misses among the data elements accessed by different processes in an embedded MPSoC based system.
Sentence 2: if Ar r a y K Ar r a y K Ca c h e 1 2 Pa g e  (a ) ½Page (b ) Figure 4.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In Wiselib data types like Node Id or plat­form speci.c characteristics like maximum packet length are de.ned during compilation target platform and applications are developed in a generic format disconnected from the ac­tual deployment platform (i.e., using make isense or make tinyos-telosb we compile the same application for iSense or TelosB devices).
Sentence 2: wiselib: A generic algorithm library for heterogeneous sensor networks.
Relationship: neutral