sadat2307/MSciNLI huggingface dataset:
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The way how to iden­tify relationships will immediately determine how the states in general and common states in particular are de.ned, and will therefore determine the size of the state space.
Sentence 2: in 8th European Software Engineering Conference/9th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE-9), pages 74 82, New York, NY, USA, 2001.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: An exploratory study of the impact of antipatterns on class change-and fault-proneness.
Sentence 2: while it is possible to show, for instance, that the presence of some antipatterns in source code is correlated with a high fault-proneness, whether the high presence of faults (and thus repeated main­tenance tasks) cause the introduction of smells, or whether there are other factors in.uencing these variables.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The major advantage of IG CGC is that if an IG is a comparability graph, then the optimal allocation is guaranteed regardless of what its node weights are, and in addition, even when an IG is not a comparability graph, IG CGC can still achieve near­optimal colorings as proved in Theorems 6 and 7 and con.rmed by the experimental data in Table 2.
Sentence 2: in CF 06: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Computing frontiers, pages 9 20, New York, NY, USA, 2006.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: [9] U. Foschi, M. Giuliani, A. Morzenti, M. Pradella, and P. S. Pietro.
Sentence 2: in a model that strictly follows the structure of a physical sys­tem, as we have observed on the railway case study, typically only neighbour components interact, hence the size of the generated model may not explode.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The moving speed of an avatar was randomly generated from a uniform distri­bution between 0 and 0.4 distance units per frame.
Sentence 2: since AOI(G) s apart relationships with entities A and C 2Any movement of an entity must cause it to cross some cell borders, since the cells at the bottom level of the hierarchy are minimum distinguishable units of the VW.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Currently, mobile software lifecy­cles fail to establish an environment-specific measurement plan that links the overall quality goals of the mobile soft­ware market, the processes that have to be conducted to develop applications that fulfill such expectations, and the metrics that have to be calculated to quantitatively assure such compliance.
Sentence 2: after combining the custom attributes with the core standard characteristics, a robust, mobile-specific quality framework will be available to define quality metrics that can be calculated directly to analyze the mobile software application.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: PPOPP 01, June 18-20, 2001, Snowbird, Utah, USA.
Sentence 2: fortunately,blokingonlyrequiressalarvariablesbeex­pandedbythesizeoftheblok.ItisoftensuÆientto getmostofthebeneftofblokingbyusingasmallblok size.weanombinethesetehniquesinthefollowing steps:fndandserializetheindependentthreads,ontrat thearrays,interleavethethreadsbybloking,andexpand thesalarvariableswhereneessarybythebloksize.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The intersection of MSR and software evolution when studying libre (free /open source) software has raised some controversial results, like the study by Godfrey and Tu [4], that was labeled by Lehman as an anomaly [13].
Sentence 2: there is no mechanism to recover all the activ­ity of a developer across repositories, or to recover all the activity with regards to a particular artifact, not to men­tion to track software artifacts or developers across di.er­ent projects.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: FIELD STUDY We conducted a .eld study to help us understand the causes of window clutter, or why some users leave large numbers of windows open between work sessions.
Sentence 2: the number of left­over tabs does not show a corresponding increase (p < 0.3, r2 = 0.22), implying that tabs are more likely to be reused than left over.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The de.nition of equivalent transitions above admits clo­sure property: If two transitions are equivalent as de.ned by sharing the same set of su.xes, then each of the transi­tions in the su.x-set is also an equivalent transition.
Sentence 2: the probability attached to a transition indicates how likely the associated method call will be invoked from that source state.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: When MULTI detects a change in link state on a multi­homed client (for example using Linux RTNetlink library), thelink module eitherrequestsanIP addressusingDHCP or reads it from a pre-loaded con.guration.
Sentence 2: challenges still include handling of network outages, moving into and out of networks and de­termining which video quality to use.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For each node n (a block of consecutive statements) of the CFG, IN[n] and OUT[n] denote the set of data at the program point be­fore and after the execution of statements in this node, respective­ly.
Sentence 2: iNDICATOR alleviates this issue by ensuring that test cases of a candidate conform to all the other candidates in the same operation.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Last use location: the location in the code where a pointer tainted with tm was last used (i.e., the location where it was last deref­erenced to access m, passed as a function argument or return value, manipulated using an arithmetic or bitwise operator, or copied using an assignment operator).1  Note that the allocation location and allocation size are immutable, whereas the deallocation indicator, pointer count, and last use loca­tion are mutable; they are updated by the technique as it propagates taint marks (see Section 3.3).
Sentence 2: unlike their technique, SWAT samples accesses and uses a user-provided timeout value to detect leaks; if an area of memory is currently allocated and has not been touched by an observed memory access within the length of the timeout, a leak is reported.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: the current state of the target model), and the execution of a phase changes the current state by applying the rules.
Sentence 2: each phase de.nes a new rule scope, that is, it is possible to have a rule with the same source pattern and the same target patten in two di.erent phases without any collision because the execution context in which such rules are eval­uated is di.erent.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: waitsthereuntilthereisachunktomigrate.Thenittakesa chunkfromthechunklistandgoestothecheckchunkstatus state.Ifthechunkisanordinarychunk,itmigratesitfrom thediskordirectlyfromthememory,accordingtothechunk status.Otherwise,thechunkisaterminationchunk,and migrationisfnished.Themigrationthreadthenexitsand joinsthebuferingthread.
Sentence 2: compressionisexpensive,sothevisibleI/OcostofBC islargerthanforotherI/Oapproaches.BCgives thebestapplicationturnaroundtimeamongallthemigra­tionapproachesstudiedhere.Inourexperimentsontwo SPs,comparedtomigrationapproacheswithoutcompres­sion,BCachievedupto1.7timesbetterturnaroundtime withdense,relativelyincompressiblearraysweused,and 38.3timesbetterturnaroundtimewithsparsereallifedata sets.Theturnaroundtimeforcompressedmigrationwith­outactivebufering(WC)iscomparabletoBC,butBCis muchmorefexiblethanWC,sinceitallowsdatareorgani­zationduringI/O.Also,whenslower-to-writefleformats suchasHDFareused,WC'svisibleI/Ocostwillbemuch longerthanBC'sI/Ocost,suggestingthatBCisabetter choicethanWCforusewithformatslikeHDF.Finally,our experimentsontwoSPsshowthatBC'svisibleI/Ocosts decreasenicelyonfaster,moremodernprocessors,making BCawinningchoicefortoday'ssupercomputers.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In 31st International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2009, May 16-24, 2009, Vancouver, Canada, Companion Volume, pages 295 298, 2009.
Sentence 2: threats to internal validity, asthiskind of impact analysis (Granger test and its combination with as­   Figure 3: Excerpt of impact graph sociation rules) is only able to identify the presence of a signi.cant correlation between a change occurring to a .le and future changes occurring to other .les.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Others secure determinism even in the presence of data races and this stronger guarantee is therefore named strong determinism [33].
Sentence 2: our study is the .rst to measure the extent to which they make executions internally or externally nondeterministic and to identify nondeterminism due to lazy binding, initialization of C++ static variables and compiler auto-vectorization in  Record-Replay.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: FILE SYSTEM XML File system structures are based on some concepts which are shared among a large number of .le system types, and other concepts which are speci.c to a certain type of .le sys­tem.
Sentence 2: only XSLT 2.0 adaptors are supported, which means that the adaptors can only work on XML and text-based .les.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Even for client-side Java systems that load code dynamically, a large body of the Java code is statically available, and, again, there are strong restrictions on which classes can be subclassed, which all lead, again, to static information which, if collected and presented to a JIT, could result in better compiled code.
Sentence 2: *; The class statements together constrain the class archives speci.ed by the pathstatements.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This approach is popular in complex multi-service applications as in Figures 7(c) and 7(d).
Sentence 2: then the node calculatesits own expected invocation ratio: ' w EIRj = j wj For example, in Figure 6(b), node 4 s expected invocation ratio is: ' w4 w2 + EIR3 * w3EIR4 == w4 w4 The concerned node j forwards its expected invocation ratio EIRj to its children, then calculates its own expected performance under its expected workload intensity.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: If they were made part of a Pin container, the feature of Pin that allows a de­veloper to exchange containers and components would be broken.
Sentence 2: 22 &#38;message , da t a Siz e , &#38;a nsw e r , In this component, other types of messages such as timeouts are ig­ 23 &#38;a n s w e r Da t a Siz e , IPCPORT WAITFOREVER, 0 ); nored.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This is formally de.ned by the following t­labelling procedure De.nition 10 (t-labelling).
Sentence 2: first, as we decompose a type in a .nite union, we apply the same .lter to each type of the decomposition (f1 and f2 in the (t-prod) rule are typed many times, against different input types) and recompose the result in the output type.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: [3] Daneva M, Engineering the Coordination Requirements in Cross-organizational ERP Projects, In: Enterprise Information Systems and Implementing IT Infrastructures (ed.
Sentence 2: level 1 represents the least challenging coordination scenarios and the least complex alignment requirements, while Levels 2, 3, and 4 successively progress to more and more challenging coordination processes and more complex alignment requirements.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Contextual Insights Ariel Fuxman , Patrick Pantel , Yuanhua Lv , Ashok Chandra , Pradeep Chilakamarri , Michael Gamon , David Hamilton Bernhard Kohlmeier , Dhyanesh Narayanan , Evangelos Papalexakis *, Bo Zhao {arielf, ppantel, yuanhual, achandra, mgamon, dahami, dhyann, bozha}@microsoft.com {pradeep.chilakamarri, bernhard.kohlmeier}@microsoft.com, epapalex@cs.cmu.edu Microsoft Carnegie Mellon University ABSTRACT In today s productivity environment, users are constantly researching topics while consuming or authoring content in applications such as e-readers, word processors, presentation programs, or social networks.
Sentence 2: the annotation was done by an independent vendor, who was provided with the appropriate guidelines and a user interface designed for that purpose.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 3.2 Measuring Player Intensity The .rst metric applied to the recorded data is player intensity, which is measured in proportion to the amount of health lost per unit time.
Sentence 2: the player intensity in Figure 3 (b) shows that Orunjs session throughtheheroicversionofUtgarde Keep matchesthe level of intensity recorded by Aid s group in Figure 3 (a).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: However, unlike SandyBridge that supports very few outstanding software prefetch requests at the L2 cache, each core on Xeon Phi supports a much larger number of outstanding soft­ware prefetch requests at the L2 cache.
Sentence 2: unlike software prefetching, it is not lim­ ited by the small size of the Line Fill Buffer at the L2 cache that allows very few outstanding prefetch requests, but can effectively prefetch data for 32 streams.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: If there are no recursive functions in our program, there will be no cycles in the call graph, and thus we can easily bound the maximum stack size for the program at compile time by .nding the longest path starting from each thread s entry point.
Sentence 2: this paper provides addi­tional evidence for that claim by demonstrating Capriccio s performance, scalability, and ability to perform application­speci.c optimization.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The nodes under a coalesced node in the stack might be pruned from the IG as their degrees were decreased after coalescing.
Sentence 2: as can seen in Figure 1, two register classes {X0,X1,Y0,Y1} and {A1,B1} (see Figure 1(b)) are dedicated to instruction I5, respectively at s1/s2 and at d. From this, we see that unlike in the case of add, not all registers in DSP563xx are equally usable by instruction I5.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The intuition behind the deferred typing problem sets P is that, no matter which individual quadruples such a P may contain, these quadraples have to form valid typing judgements; we return to the details in Section 5.5.
Sentence 2: in the case of annotated bindings (rule ABIND) we solve the constraint, providing as given constraint the Q from the type annotation and equating the type of the annotation (t ) to the type that we have inferred for the expression (.).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The latter includes reports on mapping the cultural classification of Hofstede [7] onto user interface design: several studies have shown how his five cultural dimensions, which classify a person's cultural background into certain scores, relate to certain aspects of a user interface [3, 8, 11, 17].
Sentence 2: an additional aspect is that the vast majority of answers from respondents with similar dimensions lay within two neighboring answer possibilities.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Extensibility Because the architecture of the tool abides by AMD [10], which specifies a mechanism for defining modules and asynchronously loading its dependencies, if we want to include a new kind of diagrams in the tool, we only need to define the tracks, notations, and relation rules of modeling elements based on our pre-defined code templates.
Sentence 2: although Collaborative Multi-Touch UML Design Tool supports both track input and touch input, but cannot combine the both input means, and the touch input only is competent to pick up objects similar to mouse click on table platforms.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Guarded actions have already been used in the compi­lation work.ow of synchronous programs.
Sentence 2: in addition to parallel execution (which is only allowedin HDLs), a moduleinstantiation can alsobepart of sequencesorconditionals.Furthermore,it canbelocatedin any abortion or suspension context, which possibly preempts its execution.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: If the chunks are too small, there will be too much overhead in managing them; in ex­treme cases, the bene.ts of parallelism will be obliterated.
Sentence 2: nDP languages provide lan­guage features favoring the NDP style, ef.cient compilation of NDP programs, and various common NDP operations like paral­lel maps, .lters, and sum-like reductions.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: One case is when the element x exists in the predictor and its count number is already at the maximum log N. The other case is when element x is not in the predictor and there is no free cell space for the element x.In both cases, we remove the element with the lowest priority (pointed to by the tail pointer) instead of increasing x s count number or creating a new cell.
Sentence 2: our next round of experiments on larger data sets is to be run with the objective of speeding up inserts in the cache-oblivious B-tree.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: At the end of our analysis, each UVT is output to a separate .le.
Sentence 2: for each un-pruned value, we also identify un­der what condition this value would be meaningful, writing this as [C]:V, indicating value V is meaningful under condition C. Our run­time recording will .rst check C before recording V. (3) Liveness Checking and Equivalent Value Identi.cation (EVI): A value can also be dead (overwritten or gone altogether along with its stack frame) prior to a given log point and we cannot delay the recording until the log point.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: FUTURE DIRECTIONS We continue the roll out of the senior software architect program, and have just started the fourth run of the program.
Sentence 2: those persons are recognized as certified senior software architects which means that it is recognized Siemens­wide that they have acquired a set of specialized, unique skills, know-how, and experiences; furthermore they have demonstrated that they can apply them successfully in practice.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The call to the wrapper re­cycling operation ExprTreeNode(root) is equivalent to the corresponding constructor call, only if a wrapper for root does not already exist, ensuring that there is a unique Expr-TreeNode wrapper for each expression within the context of the enclosing ExpressionDisplay instance.
Sentence 2: pIROL: A case study for multidimensional separation of concerns in software engineering environments.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The code outperform test generation tools such as Korat, which time­outs for sizes greater than 11 and is slower 3 orders of mag­nitude for size 10, and constraint-based generation which is slower up to 2 orders of magnitude.
Sentence 2: two test generation tools that follow the declarative approach have been used in our exper­imental evaluation [16, 1].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: At the core of PenSprites are two key classes, Sprite and Stage.A Sprite knows its own position and bounds, can draw itself, handles pen and keystroke input, can perform periodic activities, and can do simple animations involving position, size, and transparency.
Sentence 2: compared to desktop and laptop computers, mobile de­vices have slow processors, narrow data paths, and small or non-existent caches.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 1) A hypervisor proves the identity (e.g., UUID) for a VM sitting atop.
Sentence 2: purely inspecting the metadata part of the IP packets from this hardware platform there would be no way to differentiate the two cases; the host OS can even setup a relay service to make all packets from the guest OS exactly the same as those from itself, or even worse forge packets as if they were from the guest OS.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This check is non trivial because of the variety of ways subtyping can be derived, namely as a transitive chain of steps; each step may be an instance of structural subtyping between record types, of subhashing from pairs of hashes in the H relation, or of the passage from a hash to its declared supertype.
Sentence 2: after unmarshalling, the colour annotation on marshalled turns into real colour brackets to allow the sent expression to be well-typed.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Speci.cally, the work proposes an attack on Google s In-App Billing service protocol that allows for users to pay for purchases from within an app.
Sentence 2: second, although AOP al­lows for loop structures to be used as codepoints, this is not ade­quate for extracting complete path information; SIF s instrumenta­tion mechanisms allow for a more complete handling of language constructs such as loops and exceptions.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This assumption (formalized as another judgment on statements) implies enough about the position of pop statements in s to prove that the pro­gram s ' resulting from a rewriting step properly deallocates exactly all of the live regions not in S1.
Sentence 2: tofte and Talpin s seminal work [28] on implementing ML with regions provides the foundation for regions in the ML Kit [27].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: ( e) e G f~( e) e The distinction between the escape and evaluation constructs is that escape must be enclosed by quotation brackets and evaluation ap­plies only to closed terms the purpose of escape is to allow re­duction inside a code building context.
Sentence 2: the resulting limitation is that our programs must also not possess side-effects, such as I/O, since these effects could appear in types.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 5.1 Correlation between traces We use the Pearson product-moment correlation coe.­cient [23] to quantify the correlations between node pairs.
Sentence 2: ( (    W  l B   W  l  0  ,l 15  5 020 5l d e o e loe o  w e e led 0 W (d) Incorrect conclusions, 10 min sampling (e) Incorrect conclusions, 30 min sampling (f) Incorrect conclusions, 60 min sampling Figure 8: (Problem A2) Performance of various metrics for attacks requiring di.erent degrees of movement inference for each trace as a function of number of  pairs revealed.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Taking advantage of the existing data correlations in the sen­sor network, our proposed approach is to select a small set of sensors called the connected correlation-dominating set that form a connected communication graph and are su.­cient to infer data of the remaining unselected sensors.
Sentence 2: our distributed and centralized algorithm (next section) can be easily generalized to model the case when a hyperedge (S, s) with a weight b signi.es that the node s cansave ontransmission of b bits, if the data from nodes in S is available.
Relationship: neutral