sadat2307/MSciNLI huggingface dataset:
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It must be noted that they also stat­ed that their experience in the current project acted as a source of new knowledge that feeds the architectural knowledge available in everis.
Sentence 2: explicit feedback was applicable to the everis reference model and architectural knowledge in 3 projects, e.g., there is another SRA that thrives in much of what we did on this SRA pro­ject.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The interface includes a function wrap that lowers the priority of the current search, which is inserted to the case partitioning opera­tor and the de.ned function introduction operator in order to avoid in.nite loops.
Sentence 2: 3.1 Generation of es According to the grammar de.ned in Table 2, generation of e generalizing the I/O example set d involves generation of e',where recursive calls to the function e itself are additionally available within e. the Fix rule in Figure 3 holds. '
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Framework overheads In the tests performed with no adaptation, the average time of all the processes was 121 ms, of which 103 ms corresponded to the response from the origin server, 17 ms to the adaptation policy and only 1 ms to delivery of the content to the user.
Sentence 2: the delay introduced by the inference mechanism (17 ms) is relatively short and is considered satisfactory for this application.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: But estimating the memory working set size of guests is a hard problem, especially under changing condi­tions [27, 35, 45], and the transfer of memory pages between guests is slow when the memory is overcommitted [17, 31, 36, 46].
Sentence 2: upon change, it takes time for the balloon manager to adjust the balloon sizes and to achieve good re­sults.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For in­stance, if we try to apply an escape hatch inside of some secret com­putation, it will have the type Sec H (IO (Maybe (Sec L b))) for some type b. Declassi.cation is performed inside of the IO monad and it is not possible to extract IO computations from the monad Sec H unless than another escape hatches is declared to re­lease IO computations.
Sentence 2: escape hatches must be intro­duced to release pure values rather than side-effecting computa­tions, which seems to be the case for most applications.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The rea­son for low coverage is that neither Randoop nor Pex could satisfy the requirement of AddEdge to successfully add an edge to the graph object (Branch B3 in Statement 12 of Fig­ure 1).
Sentence 2: neither Pex nor Randoop could generate a sequence that helps cover Branch B6 in Statement 2 (Fig­ure 2).
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The rapidly increasing number of ECUs and bus systems leads to signi.cant problems with respect to wiring, com­plexity, and scalability.
Sentence 2: car manufacturers are striving towards a consolidation of µ-controllers; they want to switch from the high number of individual ECUs (mostly 8-and 16-bit) to a small number of more powerful 32-bit ECUs running multiple applications.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: However, with today s high-end network products like Citrix HDX (High De.nition User Experience) combined with today s server, desktop and application virtualization it is possible to run basically all the applications in the cloud that are to date installed distributed on the enterprises desktop PCs, and this is even also the case for applications that experience high-end interaction and data transfer rates like 3D render­ing.
Sentence 2: major CASE tool vendors simply can Figure 2: Mainstream cloud computing technologies and software engineering.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: As explained in Section 2.2, the type conditions on a subclass method must be weaker than the type conditions guarding the method it overrides in the superclass (this restriction is formalized in the override rule, which we explain later in this section).
Sentence 2: if method m s type conditions in C cannot be satis.ed by the assumptions in ., then its type conditions in the superclass of C cannot possibly be satis.ed.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Initially,allofthevariablesintheSSAgraphareini­tializedtothemaximumrangeallowablefortheirtype.In-formally,forwardpropagationtraversestheSSAgraphin breadth-frstorder,applyingthetransferfunctionsforfor­wardpropagation.Becausethereisoneuniqueassignment foreachvariableinSSAform,wecanrestrictavariable's data-rangeiftheresultofitsassignmentislessthanthe maximumdata-rangeofitstype.
Sentence 2: tomoreaccuratelygatherdata-ranges,weextendstan­dardSSAformtoincludethenotionofrange-refnement functions.Foreachnodethatiscontroldependent,afunc­tioniscreatedwhichrefnestherangeofcontrolvariables basedontheoutcomeofthebranchtest.ConsidertheSSA graphshowninFigure3.Range-refnementfunctionshave beeninsertedineachofthenodesdirectlyfollowingthe branchtest.Bytakingcontrol-dependentinformationinto account,thesefunctionsfacilitateamoreaccuratecollection ofdata-ranges.ifthebranchinthefgureistaken,we knowthata1'svalueislessthanzero.Similarly,a1'svalue hastobegreaterthanorequaltozeroifthebranchisnot taken.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Calendar items may include user s private appoint­ments (e.g., family events or a doctor appointment) that should be displayed only to the device owner and public items (e.g., workplace meetings or bank holidays) that can be visible to everyone.
Sentence 2: when the owner is not the one using the device, it can dynamically adapt to show only the calendar items that are public.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: (b): Suppose q does cover p in some round i of E. Then at the end of round i process q is added to set Gi,1 and p to set Gi,2, and .rst Gi,2 and then Gi,1 are pushed on the stack.
Sentence 2: p won t get popped from the stack until q has become inactive.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: And the eventual slippage of project milestones for a wrong estimate has an impact also on the product value as perceived by the customer, eventually generating a reduction of the features delivered or maintaining all the requested functionalities extra-costs.
Sentence 2: a clear definition of what measured using EAM (Entity-Attribute-Measure) analysis can help in building balanced measurement plans driven by the needed information goals, taking care of the relationship between a software product and its project.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Also because the specifi­cations and the design options involved in the development proc­ess turn to be unidentified, especially when it has to cope with the selection of what modality for which part of the interaction.
Sentence 2: motivations for a Type C method for MWUIs include: the need for a systematic approach for developing such interfaces in forward engineering, to maintain high level models that have been used in non-multimodal Type C approaches constant and consistent for the new possibilities [13], to explore different de­sign scenarios based on use cases [16], to support user-centered design by anchoring the approach in task and domain models, to deploy a wide array of MWUIs with different modalities, different properties [5] and design options, to accommodate the approach to various contexts of use.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: However, the practi­cal di.erence between the two techniques is small, ranging, on average, from 7% in the worst case (for Jaba-long-v9 ), to 3% in the best case (for Jaba-long-v9 ).
Sentence 2: we can conclude that CollectEA is practical for most programs, especially programs that run for more than a very short period of time.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It is obvious that FMI has a lot of strengths and weaknesses which need to be carefully analysed and put into a strategic framework for long-term growth and better integration into the EU research, innovation and education areas.
Sentence 2: a proposal for named SISTER: Strengthening the IST research capacity of Sofia University was developed and it was approved under the FP7 Capacities Work Programme[ 39].
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: As a majority of bidders generally places bids shortly be­fore the auction deadline and as the set of bidders is pre­de.ned for each auction, node churn during this critical period is typically smaller than in comparable application scenarios if not non-existent at all.
Sentence 2: our dis­tributed feedback channel is not speci.cally adapted to high node-churn scenarios.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Hence, the mon­itoring process for parametric speci.cations is divided into two parts in MOP: the logic-speci.c monitor (generated by the logic plugin) and the logic-independent lookup process (synthesized by the speci.cation processor).
Sentence 2: given any logic-plugin, MOP allows one to write parametric speci.cations using that logic with no additional effort.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 50% of the queries in CoDoNS are answered immediately by the local CoDoNS server without incurring network de­lay, since proactive replication pushes responses for the most popular domain names to all CoDoNS servers.
Sentence 2: coDoNS provides a signi.cant decrease in median latency to about 2 milliseconds compared to about 39 milliseconds for the legacy DNS.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: As explained in Section 2, one itera­tion of the loop consists of three main steps: waiting till duration [in ms]  the next serverframe starts(NET_Sleep), processing of the game state(G_RunFrame), andthe update of the game state tothe clients(SV_SendClientMessages).
Sentence 2: the ac­tive time of the server during a tick can be measured as the duration of the processing and update step.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The Professional depends on the Older Person to Obtain (Older Person) OP Information, however one of the most important and delicate matters for the older person (as with any patient) is the privacy of their personal medical information, and the sharing of it.
Sentence 2: most of the times, the Professional is imposed a constraint to share this information if and only if consent is achieved.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: id User Action System State System Response CM.1 The subscriber selects one Request a confirmation of DRM restricted resource sending a DRM restricted content CM.2 Confirms the attachment The selected resource is operation attached to the multimedia message Figure 2: Examples of scenario composition  For instance, Figure 2 depicts that the behavior of Insert a DRM restricted content in warning mode crosscuts the be­havior of Include a multimedia content after Step A1.1 (from step clause) and then returns to Step 4M (to step clause)of Create and send a multimedia message.
Sentence 2: after weaving the scenarios showed in Figure 2, the following sequence of events is valid: < 1M, 2M,3M, A1.1,CM.1,CM.2,4M, 5M, 6M> The third weaver is responsible for binding parameters embedded in scenario speci.cations.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In addition, since open source is an intrinsic feature of Android, many researchers are also conducting their studies based on the Android system, e.g., some researchers are focusing on designing middleware in Android, so as to support the mobile social ecosystems [13].
Sentence 2: considering the open sourced nature and friendly application development support, e.g., the sufficient SDK support for the real-time connection between the OBD devices onboard vehicles and mobile devices, the current version of Social Drive is developed based on the Android operating system.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For ex­ample, if the debugger were to ask for the value of the appli­cation register %eax in the trace from .gure 6, the PinADX agent needs to know that the application %eax really re­sides in physical register %edi.
Sentence 2: the agent needs this register mapping information whenever the debugger is stopped and can ask for register values.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: When a pub-sub system aggre­gates multiple variables, it only aggregate variables with the same timestamp.
Sentence 2: if each publisher pi for i = 1 to n publishes a variable vi, a subscriber who subscribes to the P n sum of those variables will receive i=1 vi(t) at each time step t. 2.2 Con.dentiality policies Each publisher pi can de.ne con.dentiality policies to limit access to the variables that it maintains.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This enables a completely di.erent construction process (Figure 4), which makes it possible to have a compiled de.nition of the semantics of a core language and to introduce relative small extensions to it later, without neither the need to reconstruct the whole compiler, nor even requiring the sources of the core language to be available!
Sentence 2: for example, a core language compiler and a set of optional extensions can be distributed (with­out sources), such that the user can link his own extended compiler together.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Up to now, all previously published pipeline parallelization approaches are only opti­mizing a single-objective which limits their applicability to embedded devices.
Sentence 2: to thebestof ourknowledge, thispaperpresents the .rst multi-objectiveawareparallelizationapproach which is able to extract pipeline parallelism from sequential em­bedded applications.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Cheating by collusion, by abusing the game procedure, and by exploiting machine intelligence can all be ultimately a technical design failure in the game system: they arise due to the inability to foresee all the situations of the system will be faced with during its operational life, or the refusal to consider some of them [12] for reasons such as a concern for time-to-market.
Sentence 2: they also belong to the .rst division.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Wrap-subclause constraints are inferred for modify-subclauses containing original, while replace­subclause constraints are inferred for modify-subclauses not containing original.
Sentence 2: a set of delta clause constraints D can be understood as a mapping from class names to delta clause constraints, and a delta modi.es-clause constraint can be understood as a mapping from method names to delta subclause constraints.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Although block statements are con­venient to represent when a context in the problem domain is active during particular method calls in the implementation, they are not suitable to implement context activations that are triggered by events (such as entering a building from out of doors, or moving a cursor from a GUI component to an­other), which can occur at any time during the execution of a program.
Sentence 2: in such languages, programmers have to declare an event handler for each event and write context activation code that may crosscut whole the program.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Let us informally explain how this function computes the cost associated to a residual rule: the cost structure is the same as that of the cost k, i.e., there is the same number of alt constructs and in the same position;  trivially, the number of steps is always one;  the number of case evaluations (C) coincides with the number of residual case expressions;3  the number of applications is equal to the size of the entire right-hand side of the residual rule.
Sentence 2: for each residual rule r, we have an associated pair of costs, (k, k ' ), where k is the cost of the RLNT deriva­tion which produced r and k ' = cost rule(k, r).
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: However, this task is easier said than done because of the VANET s speci.c characteristics, such as highly dynamic topology, short intermittent contacts, di.erent density sce­narios, and large-scale, to name a few.
Sentence 2: one concept that seems to be of great help is that of Content Delivery Network (CDN), in which strategically nodes are selected to act as servers and to help on the delivery process.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Channel (B, C), which has the largest communication overhead, is not placed across proces­sor boundaries and hence does not incur any data communication overhead.
Sentence 2: the total workload of 20+15+4+6 = 45 and 10+10+6+4 = 30 time units are assigned to processor 1 and processor 2 respectively.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The coverage matrix and the result vector are binary such that each entry (i,j) in the matrix is 1 if test case i covers statement j, and 0 if it does not; and each entry (i) in the result vector is 1 if test case i results in failure, and 0 if it is successful.
Sentence 2: each row of the coverage matrix reveals which statements have been covered by the corresponding test case, and each column provides the coverage vector of the corresponding statement.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: This situation occurs independently of the concrete approach [2][3][4] used for representing the rules.
Sentence 2: when the current business rules change and they need to be integrated in the existing application; or new business rules are added which need to be connected at unanticipated events of Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: $5.00 Tim Deegan XenSource, Cambridge tim.deegan@eu.citrix.com  core applications, I/O could also be far better scheduled by the application itself (20).
Sentence 2: execution en­vironments for HPC have to bypass OS algorithms, for in­stance by pinning threads on processors, locking memory, or using O DIRECT operations.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Although commercial speech recognition tools available today claim to achieve a word recognition accuracy as high as 99%, they have been developed for dictation rather than to produce a transcript 1 https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/speech-api/raw-file/tip/speechapi.html from a continuous and unbroken stream without any punctuation [2][3][18].
Sentence 2: we refine our general research goal as: RQ1 How well does speech translation work for continuous speech in global software projects?
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: EXAMPLE Consider the following three patterns of repetitive instructions while add , sub , mul , load , store , mov , shr , and shl are instruction names: Pattern A (occurs 3 times): add sub mul load store mov shr shl Pattern B (occurs 5 times): add sub mul Pattern C (occurs 5 times): store mov shr shl Conventionally, the saving of an abstraction of a pattern is calculated as saving = N * C (N + C + 1) (4) where N is the number of instructions in the pattern and C is the number of occurrences of the pattern.
Sentence 2: the savings of A, B, and C are 12, 6, and 10, respectively.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Work-stealing has proven to be e.ective in reducing the complexity of parallel pro­gramming, especially for irregular and dynamic computa­tions, and its bene.ts have been con.rmed by several studies [37, 36].
Sentence 2: it has been widely adopted in both com­mercial and open-source software and libraries, including Cilk++, Intel TBB, Microsoft Task Parallel Library (TPL) in the .NET framework, and the Java Fork/Join Framework.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Let us start with the information in the second half of the log.
Sentence 2: in this case we obtain: 9, 061, 128.5seconds pspn = =0.99928 9, 067, 628.5seconds in terms of availability, using only the data in the second half of the log we obtain a probability of downtime of the provider that is 1-0.98838 .
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: However, as the next example reminds us,there is a penalty to pay for using compound interest: the convexity of the graph of the compound interest accumulation function implies that for time int~rals less than one interest period, the compound interest is ks.r than the simple interest.
Sentence 2: a company charging compound interest for short time intervals "will be cha~ging less interest than if they use simple interest.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: We propose an elegant policy composition abstraction based on a transactional interface with all-or-nothing se­mantics: a policy update is either committed, in which case the policy is guaranteed to compose consistently over the entire network and the update is installed in its en­tirety, or aborted, in which case, no packet is a.ected by it.
Sentence 2: the control application logic is relieved from the cumbersome and potentially error-prone synchronization and locking tasks, and control applications are kept light­weight.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Adaptable Service Composition for Very-Large-Scale Internet of Things Systems Kashif Dar , Amirhosein Taherkordi , Roman Vitenberg , Romain Rouvoy and Frank Eliassen University of Oslo, Department of Informatics, N-0314 Oslo {kashifd,amirhost,romanvi,frank}@i..uio.no University of Lille, ADAM Project-team,INRIA Lille  Nord Europe romain.rouvoy@inria.fr ABSTRACT The (future) Internet of Things (IoT), with service compo­sition point of view, raises additional challenges especially with respect to handling the scale, dynamicity and hetero­geneity of the target networking environment.
Sentence 2: the services o.ered by IoT resources can not be composed by simply extending existing Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) approaches, since it requires the integration of a huge number of real world services that demands for the user-centric and a situation-aware composition process.
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Problem formulation We have observed that a client which is far (in terms of network delay) from its target server will degrade the interactivity of the whole zone.
Sentence 2: in order to meet the interactivity requirement of the applica­tion, we must seek some client assignment mechanisms that satis.es the delay bound D, and at the same time, avoids server saturation, i.e.,: DS = D .
Relationship: reasoning
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: (The number of mem­ory transfers for the PMA insert is O(1+(log N)/B), which is dom­inated by the cost of a binary search, O(log IN/Bl), as well as the optimal external-memory search cost, O(1 +logB N).)
Sentence 2: our next round of experiments on larger data sets is to be run with the objective of speeding up inserts in the cache-oblivious B-tree.
Relationship: reasoning