sadat2307/MSciNLI huggingface dataset:
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: A feature interaction problem, which means that the installation of new features causes existing features to fail or not behave as intended, has been studied rigorously and there exist various approaches to address the problem (e.g., Distributed Feature Composition (DFC) [7]).
Sentence 2: state-of-the-art practice in making features to interoperate (e.g., to add a new feature after system deployment) is still a manual and laborious process.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The idea of potentiality is on the one hand an intrinsic part of VNS as an artificial interaction system, but on the other hand is experienced as a transcendental phenomenon that appears to overcome the rigid limits of the system s functionality.
Sentence 2: my own experiences with Rokeby s VNS and other similar systems is that the extremely short delay time constitutes an emergent perspective of observation.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For the latter case, information concerning the interconnection of components and connectors can be obtained from their architectural configuration.
Sentence 2: instead of using CA actions for structuring an application, which would be unfeasible at a higher of abstraction because would render the unavailability of computing resources, we exploit the usage of CA actions and exception handling as structuring mechanism for providing support for isolating faults, reconfiguring systems and resuming their services.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: We distinguish the par­ticipants that are human beings (and thus capable of au­tonomous activities) from those corresponding to software and hardware systems.
Sentence 2: then the order will be sent to the warehouse, which will prepare the package, and in the meantime either the handler of the credit cards or Paypal will be contacted (depending on the preferences of the client, expressed at the registration time) to get the pay­ment; after the package will be sent; .nally the carrier will inform that the package has been delivered, and the order will be archived.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: If such signi.cant variations on size and duration are available as part of the historical data, they automati­cally become prominent EKM Values contributing to spe­ci.c trend lines corresponding to the estimated size or pre­ferred duration of a new project.
Sentence 2: a number of machine learning techniques are used to construct an integrated data analysis approach that extracts useful in­formation via visualization, feature selection, model selec­tion and validation.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Although we do not be­lieve there were any gross performance problems in either CoDeeN or Coral when our traces were captured, we can .nd paths with signi.cantly different delays.
Sentence 2: in the top path, Host D .lls the role of the .rst-hop proxy, and Host B .lls the role of the second­hop proxy; in the other path, Host B is the .rst-hop proxy and and Host C is the second-hop proxy.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: [30] Qingbo Zhu, Francis M. David, Christo De­varaj, Zhenmin Li, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Pei Cao.
Sentence 2: in terms of the key region parameters the number of regions, the number of calls per region, and the duration of the regions there are at least two orders of magni­tude difference between the greatest and least values.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 3.2.3 Optimization for CFP measurement Although CFP measurement is much cheaper than concurrency-bug detection, it could still take time for large long-running programs with many function calls.
Sentence 2: references [1] S. Agarwal, R. Barik, V. Sarkar, and R. K. Shyamasundar.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Co-Located with the 17th International World Wide Web Conference.
Sentence 2: the most common productivity features found in similar desktop applications are present for example: offline editing and spell Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For such a policy, it is straightforward to express that it does not admit attacks through omission of possible execu­tions: we insist that the ordinary state predicate, Q, obtained as the disjunction of the state predicates P in preconditions, be a valid assertion at the beginning of the fragment to which the .owspec is attached.
Sentence 2: f where f consists of agreements.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: To ensure termination, we need an additional mechanism.
Sentence 2: in practice, much less time is spent for observation set enumeration because (1) observation sets need not be recomputed after each change to the implementation, and (2) we can often compute observation sets much more ef.ciently by using a small, fast reference implementation (as shown by the data points for refset ).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The curriculum focused mostly on using programming languages and on the implementation and application aspects of programming; only a small part was devoted to teaching the underlying theoretical aspects of computer science.
Sentence 2: [4] Bergin, J., Proulx, V.K., Brady, A.F., Hartley, S., Stockton, R., Kelemen, C., Klassner, F., Kumar, A., McNally, M., Mutchler, D., Rasala, R., Ross, R., Resources for next generation introductory CS course: report of the ITiCSE'99 working group on resources for the next generation CS 1 course.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Whenever the inner-nested mission invokes a method associ­ated with a proxy representing an object residing in an outer­nested mission, the proxy s implementation of that method for­wards the request on to the appropriate object residing within the outer-nested mission s scope after confirming that the scope relationships required by the original API s annotations are satisfied by the passed arguments and replacing all argu­ment proxy references with references to the corresponding actual objects residing in the outer-nested mission s memory.
Sentence 2: jSR-302 annotations specify that particu­lar classes always reside in particular named scopes.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Pktrthermore, skeletons have specific in- terpretations in the context of design and implementation which allow for an efficient, template driven synthesis [12].
Sentence 2: the ~orSyDe transformation rule for transforming a smerge into a strictRR merge is smerge_strictRR = [ ] ~ smerge ¢~ strictRR smerge_strictRR is the name of the rule.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Sound was identified as being more important than video; participants felt they were properly connected if they had sound, they could deal with less-than-real-time video.
Sentence 2: while mobile videoconferencing can provide a rich and useful manner to communicate, it is important to approach it in a way that will take into account the context and the negotiation created by the users and to understand what can be done to support this process.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 1 Introduction Research in academia [8][15][20] has demonstrated the attractiveness of visual languages based on formal models of com- putation for specifying modern embedded DSP and communica- tion systems.
Sentence 2: each reference vari- able has a reference value and a tolerance; the objective of the optimization is to find a solution of minimal cost where all of the reference variables have values within their tolerance.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: UPDATEMIN(sp,sq): return min(sp,sq) UPDATEMAX(sp,sq): return max(sp,sq) UPDATEAVG(sp,sq): return (sp + sq)/2 Figure 2: The UPDATE functions for three di.er­ent aggregation functions (i.e.
Sentence 2: =1,n = 1000) show that for all the three approaches  the average error decreases quickly by increasing the percent of random links.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The matrixes S and C have the software artifacts as their to the source code and allow di.erent developers to work on dimensions.
Sentence 2: the con.dence that Button.java is changed, whenever GUI.java is changed is eclipse 05, October 16-17, 2005, San Diego, CA 75%, whereas the inverse implication has only a con.dence of Copyright 2005 IBM 1-59593-342-5/05/0010 $5.00 30%.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In a static distributed graph, there is an al­gorithm that obtains, w.h.p, (3 + E)-approximation to the k­densest subgraph problem in O(D log n) rounds of the CON-GEST model.
Sentence 2: a peer-to-peer net­work would like to retain this structure, or at least identify such nodes, even as the graph evolves over time.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In other cases, if we have information about the language used to communicate with remote systems (for example, SQL commands sent to a database management system or SMTP commands sent to an email server), we could check the va­lidity of such output, ensuring that the program integrates properly into larger, distributed systems.
Sentence 2: we are currently investigating the use of Weighted Pushdown Systems [18] to provide a context­sensitive analysis.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Likewise, the optimal way (as it is the only way) to partition the computation with a work metric of x1+x2 would be to partition the computation into recursive calls with work metrics of x1 and x2 respectively, resulting in an estimated execution time of max(y1, y2).
Sentence 2: the speedup of each function was highly dependent on the implementations supported by the executing system.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Architecture and compilers used  Predicted Distance 10 Distance 20 Opteron/PSC 4.3% 0% 0% Opteron/GCC 6.3% 0% 0% Power5/XLC 4.6% 0.4% 0% Power5/GCC 1.7% 0.2% 0% Core2Duo/ICC 7.8% 4.0% 1.9% Core2Duo/GCC 5.1% 4.0% 1.9%  Machine-Crafted LRW EUC Yotov et al.
Sentence 2: [19] that random search takeslarge number of iterations (100+) to reach within 5% of the optimal for most of the benchmarks they used, which included dense linear algebra computations as well.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Again we want to remark that as an atomic block does not mean that the current executing thread cannot be preempted from execution by higher priority threads, but that no interfering operations that can break the integrity of data being operated on can interleave with them.
Sentence 2: 39(2):25-31, 2006 [5] M. Panunzio and T. Vardanega.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Not all logical terms manipu­lated during evaluation of a program written in our language need to refer to the same context; for example, when pattern matching a quanti.ed proposition like .x : Nat.P, the variable P might re­fer to an extra variable compared to the original proposition that was being matched.
Sentence 2: thus each element of the hy­pothesis list must be an existential package, bundling together the proposition and the proof object of each hypothesis: hyplist = .f : ctx.list (SH : [f]Prop.LT([f]H)) The type list is the ML list type; we assume that the standard map and fold left functions are available for it.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: As much as possible means that (1) each class of a local ontology ref­erences explicitly (or implicitly) through its parent class its lowest subsumption class in the shared ontology and (2) only properties that do not exist in the shared ontology may be de.ned on a local ontology, to ensure the autonomy of de­signers.
Sentence 2: the semantics and meanings of each used term become understandable [20].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Packages are essential to make pickling type-safe where types are not known statically.
Sentence 2: env × package The abstract type env encapsulates a compilation environment con­sisting of a static part mapping identi.ers to types, kinds, and sig­natures, and a dynamic part mapping the same identi.ers to actual values, runtime types, and modules, respectively.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Let X denote X1,...,Xm.Let A = X .Om : Theorem 17.
Sentence 2: y -Ax = y -Ax-A(x ' -x)= 2Or to be slightly more precise, 0.239031891449516803895... e -Az where z = x ' -x.Let T be the support of e and let |w|S denote |wi|for any vector w, any subset S .[m].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For discharging proof obligations, Jahob relies on a translation from (a subset of) higher-order logic into .rst order logic, as well as on automated theorem proversextended with specialized decision procedures for reasoning on lists, trees, sets and maps.Akeyfeature of Jahob is its integrated proof language, which allows the user to include proof hints directly inside the source code.
Sentence 2: characteris­tic formulae avoid the explicit representation of syntax, which is associated with manytechnical dif.culties (including the represen­tation of binders).
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Because in this study there are two different planning tasks, we cannot exclude that task complexity could have been a confounding factor, since subjects experience a communication mode with one task only.
Sentence 2: students interacted in groups of four people, two from Italy and two from Brazil, using two different communication modalities, that is, their respective native language (i.e., Italian or Portuguese), with the help of machine translation (MT), and English (EN), as a common, non-native lingua franca [22].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: When Popu­lar Threshold=32,000, there are no overly popular URIs or literals being removed and there is an average of 4303 triples per node.
Sentence 2: the minimum number of triples per node is 688 while the maximum number of triples per node is reduced to 4900 which we believe at less than an order of magnitude difference is acceptable load balancing.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: In POPL 77: Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of programming languages, pages 238 252, New York, NY, USA, 1977.
Sentence 2: kAdvice shares that key pre-requisite with well-known research approaches fo­cusing on the automatic veri.cation of properties of parallel programs.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: They only capture program state but no execution history information (which is fre­quently critical for diagnosis), and the comprehensive capture of process state can once again preclude sharing such .les due to pri­ 1 vacy concerns .
Sentence 2: [50] S. Park, W. Xiong, Z. Yin, R. Kaushik, K. H.Lee, S. Lu, and Y. Zhou.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Since more elements in the abstract seman­tics require more computation and one is usually interested in more precise values for call patterns, it is reasonable to transfer the approximation ordering of De.nition 2.2 also to abstract values, i.e., compute only the maximal elements of the abstract semantics and remove smaller elements (e.g., the .rst two elements above) during the .xpoint computa­tion.
Sentence 2: 2008 ACM 978-1-60558-117-0/08/07.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: For ablockbi with an unconditionaljump aslastinstruction, twocyclesaresubtractedfromthe WCET toderivethecosts Ci.
Sentence 2: weemploy anEA tounderstandthe mechanismsbehindtheoptimizationproblemand to explore the possible optimization potential of code positioning techniquesbeforedeveloping complex algorithms.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The SGI Origin 2000 is a CC-NUMA machine with a large enough number of processors (64) to be representative of problems that can appear in these kinds of systems.
Sentence 2: their work uses the same processor scheduler in all the experiments (the IRIX 6.5 native scheduler), and compares their own page migration engine with the IRIX migration engine.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The ubiquity of tables along with the associated challenges suggest that research into improvement of table retrieval, interpretation, and use has the potential to significantly improve access to data produced by statistical agencies around the world.
Sentence 2: users are able to gain an overview of the entire range of government statistics as well as previews of any of the 200 websites without clicking the mouse or waiting for sites to load.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The built-in attribute Attribu1:eUsageAttribute ap-pears with a shorter name, because when an attribute class is used, the suffix Attributes can be omitted.
Sentence 2: inheritors need to know what methods may be changed without undesired effects or how far-reaching these effects will be- in the code shown in Figure 1, if we evolve the Set class, it is crucial to know that.methods Add, ForEach, and KemoveIfPrssent have a more fundamental status than the other two, which are built upon them.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: It has the corresponding draw­back: it can only use compile-time information.
Sentence 2: a0, A1 and A2 in our example), and to provide a gen­eral mechanism allowing the right one to be chosen with respect to the dynamic type of t. This late-binding mech­anism on the argument of a method call, known as double­dispatch, would actually allow behaviors (methods) to be speci.ed outside classes, separating algorithms from data.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: [6] A. Yonezawa, J.-P. Briot, and E. Shibayama.
Sentence 2: a Simple Client Interaction // de.ne the type of the service (on the client) deftype EchoService; //discover the service when: EchoService discovered: {|echoService| system.println( Discovered an echo service ); // send an asynchronous message to the service def reply := echoService<-echo( test message )@TwoWay; // thefollowing calldoesnotblocktheactor: when:reply becomes: {|value| // react to the incoming reply system.println( Reply: + value); }} Note that the client actor interacts with the echo service in a fully asynchronous and event-driven way: it .rst reg­isters a callback to be triggered when an echo service was discovered by the underlying AmbientTalk VM.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: POPL 11, January 26 28, 2011, Austin,Texas, USA.
Sentence 2: */T In addition, uses of the data constructor of a newtype, both in termsand patterns,aretranslatedtoauseofthe corresponding coer­cionintheobviousway.The importantpartsofthese de.nitionsare that(i)typefamilies acceptcodearguments,(ii)type instancesgive risetocode equalities,and(iii)newtype de.nitionsgiverisetotype equality axioms.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Pinout= {}, Prec={(pdf F1),(pdf F2)}, Effect-={(pdf F1),(pdf F2)}, Effect+={(pdf #F), (merge F1 F1 #F)}.
Sentence 2: when the number of objects in the queries increases, the composition problem becomes dif.cult and the solution requires the composition of a dozen of services.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Moreover, by running the graph sparsi.cation algorithm of Baswana and Sen [5] and collecting the network to one node, we can (2k - 1)­ 4We note that Lenzen and Patt-Shamir [35, Theorem 4.12] actually allow k = 1.
Sentence 2: aCM Transactions on Algorithms, 1(2):283 323, 2005.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Since the inclusion of Etl, gtl, and Atl in the notation are optional, transition labels allow for several variations in their forms: empty, only consisting of events, guard conditions, or actions, or combinations of them.
Sentence 2: refinement of Figure 2 with a transition crossing regions or from (or to) a composite state  3.2 Control Dependence In EFSMs, control dependence captures the notion that one transition may affect the traversal of another [1].
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: 4.1 Textual representation of metamodel dif­ferences As previously noted, migration rules are applied with respect to occurred metamodel changes, which have been automatically cal­culated, in case re.ned, and represented in the considered differ­ence model.
Sentence 2: inconsistencies arise when elements in the con­sidered transformation no longer satisfy the domain conformance Figure 3: PetriNet model affected by the simple metamodel evolution relation mentioned above.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: If an error oc­curs during sending of an initiating connect message, the sending user simply can resend the message if he did not re­ceive an answer after a speci.ed amount of time.
Sentence 2: of the 7th W¨ urzburg Workshop on IP: Joint EuroFGI and ITG Workshop on Visions of Future Generation Networks, W¨urzburg, Germany, 2007.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: The two possible instances are Some and None denoting whether there is an actual value for T. For instance, in the previous example, we checked if a name attribute is non empty string.
Sentence 2: finally, carrying out more case studies should help us further assess the practicality of the proposed solution and explore what other advantages of a DSL approach, beyond the traditional usage of OCL, may bene.t users.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Be- cause of low latency/high-bandwidth characteristics of PM/Myrinet, Java overhead manifests itself quite easily compared to SocketComm.
Sentence 2: a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) implementation assumes *Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Sci- ence tAlso with Japan Science and Technology Corporation Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work tbr personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided thai copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: Public only NAT and Public Inefficient structure NAT and Public Connectivity-optimal structure P P   Accept 5 hosts Accept 3 NAT hosts Accept 5 NAT hosts (a) (b) (c) Figure 2: Connectivity-Optimal Structuring Parents maintain a degree bound of the number of children to accept.
Sentence 2: assuming no in­coming hosts can support children, this tree can support 5 more hosts.
Relationship: neutral
Domain: Software and its engineering
Sentence 1: REFERENCES [AA] Alur, R., Arney, D., Gunter, E., Lee, I. Nam, W., and Zhou, J., Formal specifications and analysis of the computer assisted resuscitation algorithm (CARA) Infusion Pump Control System, J.
Sentence 2: usually event traces have a specific structure (or constraints) in a given environment.
Relationship: neutral