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instruction stringclasses 1 value	input stringlengths 0 29.6k	output stringlengths 0 9	text stringlengths 252 29.8k
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and	T1583.008	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and ### Response: T1583.008.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	[Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising)	T1583.008	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network.	T1583.008	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network. ### Response: T1583.008.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages.	T1583.008	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages. ### Response: T1583.008.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising)	T1583.008	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020)	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam)	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute "IDN homograph attacks," creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing)	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute "IDN homograph attacks," creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing) ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering)	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering) ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain.	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain. ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)	T1583.001	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1583.001.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems that can be used during targeting.	T1583.005	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.005.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet)	T1583.005	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) ### Response: T1583.005.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service.	T1583.005	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service. ### Response: T1583.005.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter)	T1583.005	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter) ### Response: T1583.005.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers that can be used during targeting.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure.	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)	T1583.004	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) ### Response: T1583.004.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting.	T1583.002	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.002.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)).	T1583.002	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). ### Response: T1583.002.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations.	T1583.002	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.002.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)).	T1583.002	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). ### Response: T1583.002.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)	T1583.002	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019) ### Response: T1583.002.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting.	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service.	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure.	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers.	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers. ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease)	T1583.003	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) ### Response: T1583.003.
List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.	Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting.	T1583.007	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.007.