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52830613

10.1080/13673882.2008.8628869

International audienceSituated in one of the basins of the valley of Vardar, the city of Skopje unites two communities, Macedonians and Albanians, which have very marked differences but whose coexistence has shaped the most significant socio-political events of its history and has had a decisive impact on its development. According to the last population census and according to the territorial organization of the country in 2004, 66% of the population of Skopje was Macedonian and 20% Albanian. Creating a bilingual Skopje demanded that the city's borders be redrawn: two neighbouring villages were added to the capital in order to increase the Albanian population from 15% to more than 20% - which the Ohrid agreement posed as the condition for the recognition of a second official language in the capital. The prospective result is that the two communities are ever more called on to separate themselves: one sees here a phenomenon of dualization along the Vardar, between the "left bank" abandoned to Albanians and the "right bank" reserved by ethnic Macedonians. However, the rivalries not only separate groups and communities, but also their serve as mediations, establishing contacts and links. By presenting this case in its singularity, we aim at establishing, as much as possible, a more general model of the geopolitical analysis of identity problems in the time of globalization

The Border City in a Border Country: the Case of Skopje

the border city in a border country: the case of skopje

audiencesituated basins valley vardar city skopje unites communities macedonians albanians marked coexistence shaped socio decisive development. census territorial skopje macedonian albanian. creating bilingual skopje demanded city borders redrawn neighbouring villages capital albanian ohrid posed recognition official capital. prospective communities ever sees phenomenon dualization vardar bank abandoned albanians bank reserved ethnic macedonians. rivalries communities serve mediations establishing contacts links. presenting singularity establishing geopolitical globalization

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52842029

10.1016/j.cej.2014.07.085

International audienceThe treatment of sulfur odorous compds. in mixt., hydrogen sulfide (H2S), di-Me disulfide (DMDS) and ethanethiol (EtSH), by biofiltration was examd. A significant effort was focused on the impact of nutrients supply, without forgetting the effect of other parameters such as the pH, on the process performances. Removal efficiencies of three biofilters packed with pine bark and composted wood mulch and sprinkled by different nutritive solns. were compared. Owing to the biodegradability of H2S, its removal was not affected by the lack of nutrients in the biofilter. However, for EtSH and DMDS, considered as more recalcitrant, the influence of nutrients on biodegrdn. was clearly obsd.; it was enhanced when the supplementation in the watering soln. was increased. Furthermore, EtSH removal yield increased from 80% in the absence of supplementation to an almost total removal in the presence of nutrients in the watering soln. The degrdn. of the three compds. decreased as follows: H2S \textgreater DMDS \textgreater EtSH. The impact of the pH of the packing materials was also underlined. The decrease in pH caused by the accumulation of sulfuric acid in the packing material, the most abundant product of the biol. oxidn. of sulfur compds., led to a redn. of the elimination efficiencies of EtSH and DMDS; while the microorganisms involved in H2S degrdn. appeared active in a large pH range, from less than 3 to close to 9. [on SciFinder(R)

Impact of nutrients supply and pH changes on the elimination of hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and ethanethiol by biofiltration.

impact of nutrients supply and ph changes on the elimination of hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and ethanethiol by biofiltration.

audiencethe sulfur odorous compds. mixt. sulfide disulfide dmds ethanethiol etsh biofiltration examd. effort focused nutrients supply forgetting performances. removal efficiencies biofilters packed pine bark composted wood mulch sprinkled nutritive solns. compared. owing biodegradability removal nutrients biofilter. etsh dmds recalcitrant nutrients biodegrdn. obsd. supplementation watering soln. increased. etsh removal supplementation removal nutrients watering soln. degrdn. compds. textgreater dmds textgreater etsh. packing underlined. accumulation sulfuric packing abundant biol. oxidn. sulfur compds. redn. elimination efficiencies etsh dmds microorganisms degrdn. appeared scifinder

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52907712

10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.09.007

International audienceAngiogenesis plays a critical role in both growth and metastasis of tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endogenous mediator of tumor angiogenesis. Blocking associations of the VEGF with its corresponding receptors (KDR) have become critical for anti-tumor therapy. Acyclo-peptide (CBO- P11), derived from VEGF, able to inhibit the interaction between the growth factor and its receptor, was synthesized in our laboratory to provide a target for angiogenesis. We have prepared biocompatible poly(vinylidenefluoride (PVDF) nanoparticles in order to obtain long blood circulating systems. Electron-beam (EB) irradiation was used to activate the PVDF nanoparticles. From electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements, we studied the radical stability in order to optimize the radio-grafting of acrylicacid (AA). Further functionalization of PVDF-g-PAA nanoparticles with the cyclo-peptide via a spacer arm was also possible by performing coupling reactions. High resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HRMAS NMR) and MALDI mass spectrometry allowed us to follow each chemical step of this peptide immobilization. We designed a new nanodevice suggesting a great potential for targeting angiogenesis

Synthesis of specific nanoparticles for targeting tumor angiogenesis using electron-beam irradiation

synthesis of specific nanoparticles for targeting tumor angiogenesis using electron-beam irradiation

audienceangiogenesis plays metastasis tumors. vascular endothelial vegf endogenous mediator angiogenesis. blocking associations vegf receptors therapy. acyclo vegf inhibit synthesized angiogenesis. biocompatible poly vinylidenefluoride pvdf nanoparticles circulating systems. irradiation activate pvdf nanoparticles. paramagnetic radical optimize grafting acrylicacid functionalization pvdf nanoparticles cyclo spacer performing reactions. magic spinning hrmas maldi spectrometry immobilization. nanodevice great targeting angiogenesis

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53003320

10.1093/imanum/dru032

International audienceWe prove several discrete Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev and Poincaré-Sobolev inequalities for some approximations with arbitrary boundary values on finite volume meshes. The keypoint of our approach is to use the continuous embedding of the space $BV(\Omega)$ into $L^{N/(N-1)}(\Omega)$ for a Lipschitz domain $ \Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{N}$, with $N \geq 2$. Finally, we give several applications to discrete duality finite volume (DDFV) schemes which are used for the approximation of nonlinear and non isotropic elliptic and parabolic problems

On discrete functional inequalities for some finite volume schemes

on discrete functional inequalities for some finite volume schemes

audiencewe gagliardo nirenberg sobolev poincaré sobolev inequalities approximations meshes. keypoint embedding omega omega lipschitz omega mathbb duality ddfv schemes isotropic elliptic parabolic

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53015575

10.1007/s10208-011-9094-4

International audienceWe consider a wide class of semi linear Hamiltonian partial differential equa- tions and their approximation by time splitting methods. We assume that the nonlinearity is polynomial, and that the numerical tra jectory remains at least uni- formly integrable with respect to an eigenbasis of the linear operator (typically the Fourier basis). We show the existence of a modified interpolated Hamiltonian equation whose exact solution coincides with the discrete flow at each time step over a long time depending on a non resonance condition satisfied by the stepsize. We introduce a class of modified splitting schemes fulfilling this condition at a high order and prove for them that the numerical flow and the continuous flow remain close over exponentially long time with respect to the step size. For stan- dard splitting or implicit-explicit scheme, such a backward error analysis result holds true on a time depending on a cut-off condition in the high frequencies (CFL condition). This analysis is valid in the case where the linear operator has a discrete (bounded domain) or continuous (the whole space) spectrum

Hamiltonian interpolation of splitting approximations for nonlinear PDEs

hamiltonian interpolation of splitting approximations for nonlinear pdes

audiencewe equa splitting methods. nonlinearity jectory formly integrable eigenbasis fourier interpolated coincides satisfied stepsize. splitting schemes fulfilling exponentially size. stan dard splitting implicit backward valid

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53155039

10.1016/j.jedc.2006.12.007

This paper studies the performance of four market protocols with regard to allocative efficiency and other performance criteria such as volume or volatility. We examine batch auctions, continuous double auctions, specialist dealerships, and a hybrid of these last two. All protocols are practically implementable because the messages that traders need to use are simple. We test the protocols by running (computerized) experiments in an environment that controls for traders’ behavior and rules out any informational effect. We find that all protocols generically converge to the efficient allocation in finite time. An extended comparison over other performance criteria produces no clear winner, but the presence of a specialist is associated with the best all-round performance

Simple Market Protocols for Efficient Risk Sharing

simple market protocols for efficient risk sharing

protocols regard allocative volatility. examine batch auctions auctions specialist dealerships hybrid two. protocols practically implementable messages traders simple. protocols running computerized traders’ informational effect. protocols generically converge allocation time. produces winner specialist round

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54018855

10.1016/j.ancene.2015.02.001

International audienceChanges in agricultural practices impact sediment transfer in catchments and rivers. Long term archives of sediment deposits in agricultural plains of northwestern Europe are rarely available, however, for reconstructing and quantifying erosion and sedimentation rates for the second half of the 20th century. In this context, a multi-parameter analysis was conducted on sedimentary deposits accumulated in a pond created in the 11th century and draining a 24 km2 cultivated catchment in western France. This catchment is representative of cultivated and drained lowland environments where agriculture has intensified during the last 60 years.High resolution seismic profiles and surface sediment samples (n = 74) were used to guide the collection of cores (n = 3) representative of the sequence of sediment accumulated in the pond. The cores were analysed to quantify and characterize the evolution of sediment dynamics in the pond.The first land consolidation period (1954-1960) was characterized by a dominance of allochtonous material input to the pond. This input represents an erosion of 1900 to 2300 t.km−2.yr−1 originating from the catchment. Then, between 1970-1990, the terrigenous input decreased progressively and tended to stabilize. Eutrophication and associated primary production increased in the pond. These processes generated the majority of material accumulated in the pond during this period. Further land consolidation programs conducted in 1992 generated a new increase in soil erosion and sediment input to the reservoir. For the last 10 years, terrigenous input to the pond corresponds to a catchment-wide erosion rate between 90 and 102 t.km−2.yr−1. While a strong decrease is observed, it still represents a 60-fold increase of the sediment flux compared to the pre-intensification period. These large temporal variations of sedimentation rates over a few decades underline the dynamics of sediment transfer and raise questions about the sustainability of soil resources in lowland temperate environments

Increase in soil erosion after agricultural intensification: evidence from a lowland basin in France

increase in soil erosion after agricultural intensification: evidence from a lowland basin in france

audiencechanges agricultural practices sediment catchments rivers. archives sediment deposits agricultural plains northwestern europe rarely reconstructing quantifying erosion sedimentation century. sedimentary deposits accumulated pond created century draining cultivated catchment france. catchment cultivated drained lowland environments agriculture intensified years.high seismic sediment guide cores sediment accumulated pond. cores analysed quantify characterize sediment pond.the consolidation dominance allochtonous pond. erosion t.km− .yr− originating catchment. terrigenous progressively tended stabilize. eutrophication pond. majority accumulated pond period. consolidation programs erosion sediment reservoir. terrigenous pond catchment erosion t.km− .yr− sediment intensification period. sedimentation decades underline sediment raise sustainability lowland temperate environments

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54024618

10.1002/jqs.1448

Declakes Participants : Soumaya Belmecheri, Marc Desmet, Helmut Erlenkeuser, Bernard Fanget, Jérôme Nomade.International audienceInvestigation of the sedimentary record of pre-Alpine Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) focused on the environmental reaction to rapid Lateglacial climatic changes. Results of this study reveal complex proxy responses that are variable in time and influenced by the long-term evolution of the lake and its catchment. A new field sampling approach facilitated continuous and precisely controlled parallel sampling at decadal to sub-annual resolution for µ-XRF element scanning, carbon geochemistry, stable isotope measurements on ostracods, pollen analyses and large-scale thin sections for microfacies analysis. The Holocene chronology is established through microscopic varve counting and supported by accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dating of terrestrial plant macrofossils, whereas the Lateglacial age model is based on δ18O wiggle matching with the Greenland NGRIP record, using the GICC05 chronology. Microfacies analysis enables the detection of subtle sedimentological changes, proving that depositional processes even in rather large lake systems are highly sensitive to climate forcing. Comparing periods of major warming at the onset of the Lateglacial and Holocene and of major cooling at the onset of the Younger Dryas reveals differences in proxy responses, reflecting threshold effects and ecosystem inertia. Temperature increase, vegetation recovery, decrease of detrital flux and intensification of biochemical calcite precipitation at the onset of the Holocene took place with only decadal leads and lags over a ca. 100 a period, whereas the spread of woodlands and the reduction of detrital flux lagged the warming at the onset of the Lateglacial Interstadial by ca. 500-750 a. Cooling at the onset of the Younger Dryas is reflected by the simultaneous reaction of δ18O and vegetation, but sedimentological changes (reduction of endogenic calcite content, increase in detrital flux) were delayed by about 150-300 a. Three short-term Lateglacial cold intervals, corresponding to Greenland isotope substages GI-1d, GI-1c2 and GI-1b, also show complex proxy responses that vary in time. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Environmental responses to Lateglacial climatic fluctuations recorded in the sediments of pre-Alpine Lake Mondsee (northeastern Alps)

environmental responses to lateglacial climatic fluctuations recorded in the sediments of pre-alpine lake mondsee (northeastern alps)

declakes soumaya belmecheri marc desmet helmut erlenkeuser bernard fanget jérôme nomade.international audienceinvestigation sedimentary record alpine lake mondsee austria focused lateglacial climatic changes. reveal proxy influenced lake catchment. facilitated precisely decadal scanning geochemistry isotope ostracods pollen microfacies analysis. holocene chronology microscopic varve counting accelerator spectrometry dating terrestrial macrofossils lateglacial wiggle matching greenland ngrip record gicc chronology. microfacies enables subtle sedimentological proving depositional lake forcing. warming onset lateglacial holocene cooling onset younger dryas reveals proxy reflecting ecosystem inertia. vegetation recovery detrital intensification biochemical calcite precipitation onset holocene took decadal lags spread woodlands detrital lagged warming onset lateglacial interstadial cooling onset younger dryas reflected simultaneous vegetation sedimentological endogenic calcite detrital delayed lateglacial cold intervals greenland isotope substages proxy vary time. copyright john wiley sons

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54026054

10.1093/petrology/egp014

International audienceNew experiments have been performed on a high-K basalt (PST-9) from Stromboli volcano, Italy, to constrain the physical conditions of golden pumice magmas at their storage level and discuss their petrogenesis. Fluid-present, H2O- and CO2-bearing, near-liquidus experiments were performed at 11508C between 100 and 400MPa and under oxidizing conditions. Glasses were analyzed by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and their H2O and CO2 concentrations compared with those in glass inclusions.Most glass inclusions cluster near the 200MPa isobar, suggesting entrapment at a depth of ~8 km. Golden pumice magmas have viscosities of 7.9 Pa s and densities of 2.48-2.57 g/cm3. Compositions of experimental fluids coexisting with melts along the liquidus have been estimated by mass balance. They range from CO2-rich (XH2O~0.2) at 400MPa to H2O-rich (XH2O~0.8) at 100MPa.The free fluid phase present at the reservoir level has an XH2O of ~0.6, consistent with equilibration with a near-liquidus golden pumice magma below 300MPa. Clinopyroxene is the liquidus phase in all highpressure experiments, either fluid-absent (H2O) or fluid-present (H2O-CO2). In contrast, at 0.1MPa, cpx and ol appear together on the liquidus and olivines are more Fo-rich (up to 89.1) than those crystallizing at high pressures (up to 87.3).The composition of cotectic liquids multiply saturated in cpx and ol has been experimentally determined. Most pumices and a majority of melt inclusions have compositions of cotectic melts. In contrast, PST-9 plots in the cpx field and is representative of less evolved ankaramitic magmas parental to golden pumices. Melt inclusions trapped in Fo 487 olivines form a group of ultra-calcic compositions plotting in the cpx field, interpreted as boundary layer melts locally generated by cpx dissolution in the deep reservoir. Ankaramitic melts in the Stromboli feeding system are proposed to derive from primitive mantle melts by combined crystallization, mixing, wall-rock interaction and assimilation

Experimental Constraints on the Deep Magma Feeding System at StromboliVolcano, Italy

experimental constraints on the deep magma feeding system at strombolivolcano, italy

audiencenew basalt stromboli volcano constrain golden pumice magmas storage petrogenesis. bearing liquidus oxidizing conditions. glasses fourier transform spectroscopy glass inclusions.most glass inclusions isobar entrapment golden pumice magmas viscosities densities compositions fluids coexisting melts liquidus balance. mpa.the reservoir equilibration liquidus golden pumice magma mpa. clinopyroxene liquidus highpressure absent liquidus olivines crystallizing pressures .the cotectic liquids multiply saturated experimentally determined. pumices majority melt inclusions compositions cotectic melts. plots evolved ankaramitic magmas parental golden pumices. melt inclusions trapped olivines ultra calcic compositions plotting interpreted melts locally dissolution reservoir. ankaramitic melts stromboli feeding derive primitive mantle melts crystallization rock assimilation

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54033561

10.1053/j.gastro.2014.03.051

International audienceBACKGROUND & AIMS: We investigated the effectiveness of the protease inhibitors peginterferon and ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. METHODS: In the Compassionate Use of Protease Inhibitors in Viral C Cirrhosis study, 511 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis who did not respond to a prior course of peginterferon and ribavirin (44.3% relapsers or patients with viral breakthrough, 44.8% partial responders, and 8.0% null responders) were given either telaprevir (n = 299) or boceprevir (n = 212) for 48 weeks. We assessed percentages of patients with sustained viral responses 12 weeks after therapy and safety. This observational study did not allow for direct comparison of the 2 regimens. RESULTS: Among patients given telaprevir, 74.2% of relapsers, 40.0% of partial responders, and 19.4% of null responders achieved SVR12. Among those given boceprevir, 53.9% of relapsers, 38.3% of partial responders, and none of the null responders achieved SVR12. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with SVR12 included prior response to treatment response, no lead-in phase, HCV subtype 1b (vs 1a), and baseline platelet count greater than 100,000/mm(3). Severe adverse events occurred in 49.9% of cases, including liver decompensation, severe infections in 10.4%, and death in 2.2%. In multivariate analysis, baseline serum albumin level less than 35 g/L and baseline platelet counts of 100,000/mm(3) or less predicted severe side effects or death. CONCLUSIONS: Relatively high percentages of real-life, treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis respond to the combination of peginterferon and ribavirin with telaprevir or boceprevir. However, side effects are frequent and often severe. Baseline levels of albumin and platelet counts can be used to guide treatment decisions. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01514890

Effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. : Triple therapy in HCV genotype 1 cirrhotics

effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with hcv genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. : triple therapy in hcv genotype 1 cirrhotics

audiencebackground aims effectiveness protease inhibitors peginterferon ribavirin experienced hepatitis genotype cirrhosis. compassionate protease inhibitors viral cirrhosis genotype compensated cirrhosis respond peginterferon ribavirin relapsers viral breakthrough responders responders telaprevir boceprevir weeks. percentages sustained viral safety. observational regimens. telaprevir relapsers responders responders boceprevir relapsers responders none responders multivariate subtype platelet count adverse occurred decompensation infections multivariate albumin platelet counts death. percentages experienced genotype cirrhosis respond peginterferon ribavirin telaprevir boceprevir. frequent severe. albumin platelet counts guide decisions.

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54036133

10.1103/PhysRevE.87.063001

18 pages, 9 figures, 37 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/International audienceExtreme surface waves in deep-water long-crested sea are often interpreted as a manifestation in real world of the so-called breathing solitons of the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation. While the spontaneous emergence of such coherent structures from nonlinear wave dynamics was demonstrated to take place in fiber optics systems, the same point remains far more controversial in the hydrodynamic case. With the aim to shed further light on this matter, the emergence of breather-like coherent wave groups in long-crested random sea is here investigated by means of high-resolution spectral simulations of the fully nonlinear two-dimensional Euler equations. Our study is focused on parametrizing the structure of random wave fields with respect to the Benjamin--Feir index, which is a nondimensional measure of the energy localization in Fourier space. This choice is motivated by previous results, showing that extreme-wave activity in long-crested sea is highly sensitive to this parameter. It is found that coherent wave groups do develop within wave fields characterized by sufficiently narrow-banded spectra, and that such coherent structures closely match realizations of Kuznetsov--Ma breathes in Euler dynamics. The characteristic spatial and temporal scales of wave group dynamics, and the corresponding occurrence of extreme events, are quantified and discussed by mean of space-time autocorrelations of the surface elevation envelope and extreme events statistics

The emergence of coherent wave groups in deep-water random sea

the emergence of coherent wave groups in deep-water random sea

pages references. papers downloaded audienceextreme crested interpreted manifestation breathing solitons focusing schrodinger equation. spontaneous emergence coherent fiber optics controversial hydrodynamic case. shed emergence breather coherent crested euler equations. focused parametrizing benjamin feir nondimensional localization fourier space. motivated extreme crested parameter. coherent sufficiently narrow banded coherent closely match realizations kuznetsov breathes euler dynamics. occurrence extreme quantified autocorrelations elevation envelope extreme

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55842541

10.1007/s00787-010-0114-8

The Eunethydis ADHD Guidelines group set out here the ethical principles governing the relationship between the group and industry. The principles set out here are provided to ensure that this is both done and seen to be done. The impetus for these guidelines comes from within the Group and is linked to the recognition for the need for an open and transparent basis for Group-industry relations, especially in the light of the present concern that the pharmaceutical industry may be exerting a growing influence on the actions of researchers and clinicians in the ADHD field

Eunethydis: a statement of the ethical principles governing the relationship between the European group for ADHD guidelines, and its members, with commercial for-profit organisations

eunethydis: a statement of the ethical principles governing the relationship between the european group for adhd guidelines, and its members, with commercial for-profit organisations

eunethydis adhd guidelines ethical principles governing industry. principles ensure done. impetus guidelines comes recognition transparent concern pharmaceutical exerting growing researchers clinicians adhd

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56653478

10.1063/1.4768278

The role of dynamic polar nanoregions (PNRs) of (1−x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-100xPT) single crystals with the PT content x = 0.15 (i.e., higher than above the morphotropic phase boundary composition x ∼ 0.09) has been investigated using inelastic light scattering. The remarkable anomaly of the longitudinal acoustic mode is clearly observed in the vicinity of the cubic-tetragonal phase transition temperature at the TC-T = 481 K. A broad central peak (CP) appears below the Burns temperature TB ∼ 700 K. Upon cooling, the relaxation time determined from the CP width clearly shows a critical slowing down when approaching TC-T in contrast with the suppressed slowing down previously observed in PZN-7PT [S. Tsukada and S. Kojima, Phys. Rev. B 78, 144106 (2008)]. These facts are due to the existence of dynamic PNRs and the disappearance of chemically ordered regions resulting from a higher PT content in the solid solution. In the cubic phase, the local symmetry breaking caused by the PNRs was observed by Raman scattering. The initial size of dynamic PNRs is about 3 nm just below TB, and it increases significantly upon cooling below the intermediate temperature T* ∼ 600 K, reaching 10 nm down to TC-T

Role of dynamic polar nanoregions in heterovalent perovskite relaxor: Inelastic light scattering study of ferroelectric Ti rich Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3

role of dynamic polar nanoregions in heterovalent perovskite relaxor: inelastic light scattering study of ferroelectric ti rich pb(zn1/3nb2/3)o3-pbtio3

polar nanoregions pnrs xpbtio crystals i.e. morphotropic inelastic scattering. remarkable anomaly longitudinal acoustic vicinity cubic tetragonal broad burns cooling relaxation slowing approaching suppressed slowing tsukada kojima phys. rev. facts pnrs disappearance chemically ordered solution. cubic breaking pnrs raman scattering. pnrs cooling reaching

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61344148

10.1016/j.wear.2005.09.030

In this paper, it is proposed to use a new type of solid particle impact test (slurry jet) to swiftly evaluate wear properties of thin, single layered or multilayered coatings. By the slurry jet, 1.2 µm alumina particles were impacted at high velocity perpendicular to thin PVD coatings of TiN deposited on high speed steel substrate materials under various substrate temperatures. Since the coatings have a much higher wear resistance than the substrate material, the wear rate increases significantly to the higher level of the HSS material when the coatings are penetrated. This is utilized in the quantification of the assessment of coating wear. A ranking of wear resistance and correlations to the coating surface hardness measured by nano-indentation tests, and coating morphology and structures are given and discussed. It is concluded that the slurry jet test is fast, easy to accomplish, and generates reproducible results. It is also very sensitive to variations in coating quality. Thus, it can be recommended as a screening test when evaluating coatings and coated materials. For the coatings included in this study, the TiN deposited under the highest substrate temperature proved to have the highest wear resistance although it had a relatively low hardness. The wear rate of the TiN coatings varies with the orientation of grains, that is, the ｛111｝ orientation that dominates for the high temperature deposition shows a higher wear resistance than the ｛100｝ orientation, which corresponds with the cleavage fracture behavior. The fact that the higher temperature generates more defect free TiN coatings will also contribute to a better erosive wear resistance for these coatings

EVALUATION OF EROSIVE WEAR RESISTANCE OF TiN COATINGS BY A SLURRY JET IMPACT TEST

evaluation of erosive wear resistance of tin coatings by a slurry jet impact test

slurry swiftly wear layered multilayered coatings. slurry alumina impacted perpendicular coatings deposited steel temperatures. coatings wear wear coatings penetrated. utilized quantification coating wear. ranking wear coating hardness nano indentation coating morphology discussed. concluded slurry accomplish generates reproducible results. coating quality. recommended screening evaluating coatings coated materials. coatings deposited proved wear hardness. wear coatings varies grains dominates deposition wear cleavage fracture behavior. generates defect coatings erosive wear coatings

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61505855

10.1063/1.3020304

Producción CientíficaWe report on a study of several structural, dynamic, and electronic properties of liquid Sn at a thermodynamic state close to the triple point (573 K) and another one at a higher temperature (1273 K). This study has been performed by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations using 205 atoms and around 20 ps of simulation time. The calculated static structures show a good agreement with the available experimental data. The dynamic structure factors fairly agree with their experimental counterparts obtained by inelastic x-ray scattering experiments, which display inelastic side peaks. The calculated dispersion relations exhibit a positive dispersion, although not so marked as suggested by the experiment; moreover, its slope at the long-wavelength limit compares favorably with the experimental sound velocity. Electron densities near selected triplets of atoms are similar to those appearing in the solid phases, but these features have an extremely short lifetime, so they should not be considered as solid remnants in the melt

Structural, dynamic, and electronic properties of liquid tin: An ab initio molecular dynamics study

structural, dynamic, and electronic properties of liquid tin: an ab initio molecular dynamics study

producción científicawe thermodynamic triple initio time. data. fairly agree counterparts inelastic display inelastic peaks. exhibit marked compares favorably sound velocity. densities triplets appearing extremely lifetime remnants melt

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76981049

10.1016/j.hlpt.2014.10.001

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are interactive software systems designed to assist clinicians with decision making tasks, such as determining diagnosis of patient data. CDSSs are a widely researched topic in the Computer Science community but their workings are less well understood by clinicians. The purpose of this review is to introduce clinicians and policy makers to the most commonly computer-based methodologies employed to construct decision models to compute clinical decisions in a non-technical manner. We hope that a better understanding of CDSSs will open up discussion about the future of CDSSs as a part of healthcare delivery as well as engage clinicians and policy makers in the development and deployment of CDSSs that can meaningfully help with decision making tasks

Behind the screens: Clinical decision support methodologies - A review

behind the screens: clinical decision support methodologies - a review

cdsss interactive assist clinicians tasks determining data. cdsss widely researched topic workings understood clinicians. clinicians makers commonly methodologies decisions manner. hope cdsss cdsss healthcare delivery engage clinicians makers deployment cdsss meaningfully tasks

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77604032

10.1002/jbm.b.31870

Chemically durable microspheres containing yttrium and/or phosphorus are useful for intra-arterial radiotherapy. In this study, we attempted to prepare yttrium phosphate (YPO4) microspheres with high chemical durability. YPO4 microspheres with smooth surfaces and diameters of around 25 μm were successfully obtained when gelatin droplets containing yttrium and phosphate ions were cooled and solidified in a water-in-oil emulsion and then heat-treated at 1100°C. The chemical durability of the heat-treated microspheres in a simulated body fluid at pH = 6 and 7 was high enough for clinical application of intra-arterial radiotherapy

Preparation, structure, and in vitro chemical durability of yttrium phosphate microspheres for intra-arterial radiotherapy

preparation, structure, and in vitro chemical durability of yttrium phosphate microspheres for intra-arterial radiotherapy

chemically durable microspheres yttrium phosphorus intra arterial radiotherapy. attempted prepare yttrium phosphate microspheres durability. microspheres diameters successfully gelatin droplets yttrium phosphate cooled solidified emulsion durability microspheres intra arterial radiotherapy

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80739425

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.030

To investigate the impact of the aerosol effects on meteorological variables and pollutant concentrations two simulations with the WRF-Chem model have been performed over Europe for year 2010. We have performed a baseline simulation without any feedback effects and a second simulation including the direct as well as the indirect aerosol effect. The paper describes the full configuration of the model, the simulation design, special impacts and evaluation. Although low aerosol particle concentrations are detected, the inclusion of the feedback effects results in an increase of solar radiation at the surface over cloudy areas (North-West, including the Atlantic) and decrease over more sunny locations (South-East). Aerosol effects produce an increase of the water vapor and decrease the planet boundary layer height over the whole domain except in the Sahara area, where the maximum particle concentrations are detected. Significant ozone concentrations are found over the Mediterranean area. Simulated feedback effects between aerosol concentrations and meteorological variables and on pollutant distributions strongly depend on the aerosol concentrations and the clouds. Further investigations are necessary with higher aerosol particle concentrations. WRF-Chem variables are evaluated using available hourly observations in terms of performance statistics. Standardized observations from the ENSEMBLE system web-interface were used. The research was developed under the second phase of Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). WRF-Chem demonstrates its capability in capturing temporal and spatial variations of the major meteorological variables and pollutants, except the wind speed over complex terrain. The wind speed bias may affect the accuracy in the chemical predictions (NO2, SO2). The analysis of the correlations between simulated data sets and observational data sets indicates that the simulation with aerosol effects performs slightly better. These results indicate potential importance of the aerosol feedback effects and an urgent need to further improve the representations in current atmospheric models to reduce uncertainties at all scales

Sensitivity of feedback effects in CBMZ/MOSAIC chemical mechanism

sensitivity of feedback effects in cbmz/mosaic chemical mechanism

aerosol meteorological pollutant europe indirect aerosol effect. describes impacts evaluation. aerosol inclusion cloudy west atlantic sunny locations east aerosol vapor planet sahara detected. ozone mediterranean area. aerosol meteorological pollutant aerosol clouds. investigations aerosol concentrations. hourly statistics. standardized ensemble used. initiative aqmeii demonstrates capability capturing meteorological pollutants terrain. observational aerosol performs better. aerosol urgent representations

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80739468

10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.028

Lime-based mortars containing pozzolanic additions of metakaolin, sepiolite and white Portland cement are\ud studied in order to determine their performance as historic masonry conservation mortars. Hydration\ud products on metakaolin\ud –\ud lime blended mortars include stable and metastable phases. The presence of such\ud products has been studied by means of DTA and XRD analysis, concluding that the selection between them is\ud mainly related with the water\ud –\ud lime ratio. Sepiolite addition to metakaolin\ud –\ud lime mortars has shown to inhibit\ud C\ud 4\ud AH\ud 13 formation. Therefore, the in\ud fluence of phase distribution on the mechanical resistance is considered.\ud Finally, compounds production on blended lime–white Portland cement was compared to natural hydraulic\ud lime ones, and as a result, no remarkable differences appeared, apart from traces of possible cement Portland\ud addition to the latter, usually not mentioned in the nominal composition supplied by the manufacturers of\ud lime binders

Assessment of phase formation in lime-based mortars with added metakaolin, Portland cement and sepiolite, for grouting of historic masonry

assessment of phase formation in lime-based mortars with added metakaolin, portland cement and sepiolite, for grouting of historic masonry

lime mortars pozzolanic additions metakaolin sepiolite portland cement historic masonry conservation mortars. hydration metakaolin lime blended mortars metastable phases. concluding lime ratio. sepiolite metakaolin lime mortars inhibit formation. fluence considered. blended lime–white portland cement hydraulic lime remarkable appeared apart traces cement portland nominal supplied manufacturers lime binders

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85256964

10.1063/1.2130378

We present a theoretical analysis of the optical matrix element between the electron and hole ground states in InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) modeled with a truncated pyramidal shape. We use an eight-band k center dot p Hamiltonian to calculate the QD electronic structure, including strain and piezoelectric effects. The ground state optical matrix element is very sensitive to variations in both the QD size and shape. For all shapes, the matrix element initially increases with increasing dot height, as the electron and hole wave functions become more localized in k space. Depending on the QD aspect ratio and on the degree of pyramidal truncation, the matrix element then reaches a maximum for some dot shapes at intermediate size beyond which it decreases abruptly in larger dots, where piezoelectric effects lead to a marked reduction in electron-hole overlap. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. (DOI:10.1063/1.2130378

Optical matrix element in InAs/GaAs quantum dots: Dependence on quantum dot parameters

optical matrix element in inas/gaas quantum dots: dependence on quantum dot parameters

inas gaas dots modeled truncated pyramidal shape. eight piezoelectric effects. shape. shapes initially localized space. aspect pyramidal truncation reaches shapes abruptly dots piezoelectric marked overlap.

exact_dup

9550537

10.1016/j.diabres.2012.09.017

Aims: To examine predictors of quality of life gains among people with type 1 diabetes following the Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) self-management training programme. Methods: Clinical and questionnaire data were collected from 437 patients from 6 hospital centres before, and 18 months post-DAFNE intervention. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA ), weight, height, and blood pressure levels were recorded by clinicians during clinic appointments. Questionnaires included the Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life Scale (DSQOLS), the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Basic demographics were recorded at baseline. Linear mixed models were fitted to identify predictors of change in quality of life at an 18 month follow-up assessment. Results: Patients with high levels of diabetes-related distress experienced greatest improvement in DSQOLS quality of life scores (p = 0.001). Patients with poor glycaemic control (higher levels of HbA ; p = 0.03) and those with high levels of anxiety (p = 0.001) experienced the greatest reductions in diabetes-related distress. Conclusions: Patients with higher baseline levels of anxiety, higher levels of diabetes-related distress and higher baseline levels of HbA are most likely to experience quality of life gain from participation in self-management programmes such as DAFNE. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Predictors of quality of life gains among people with type 1 diabetes participating in the Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) structured education programme

predictors of quality of life gains among people with type 1 diabetes participating in the dose adjustment for normal eating (dafne) structured education programme

aims examine predictors gains adjustment eating dafne programme. questionnaire centres dafne intervention. glycated haemoglobin clinicians clinic appointments. questionnaires dsqols paid anxiety depression hads demographics baseline. fitted predictors month assessment. distress experienced greatest dsqols glycaemic anxiety experienced greatest reductions distress. anxiety distress participation programmes dafne. rights reserved

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11310400

10.1049/el.2011.1134

The study of phase-noise in oscillators and the design of new circuit topologies necessitates an efficient technique for the simulation of oscillators. While numerous approaches have been developed over the years e.g. [1-3], each has its own merits and demerits. In this contribution, an asymptotic numeric method developed in e.g. [4-5] is applied to the simulation of RF oscillators. The method is closely related to the stroboscopic and high-order averaging method in [6] and the Heterogeneous Multiscale Methods in [7]. The method is advantageous in that the same methodology can be applied for the simulation of general circuit problems involving highly oscillatory ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations and delay differential equations. Furthermore and counter-intuitively, its efficacy improves with increasing frequency, a feature that is very favourable in modern communications systems where operating frequencies are ever rising. Results for a CMOS oscillator will confirm the validity and efficiency of the proposed method

A new simulation technique for RF oscillators

a new simulation technique for rf oscillators

oscillators circuit topologies necessitates oscillators. numerous e.g. merits demerits. asymptotic numeric e.g. oscillators. closely stroboscopic averaging heterogeneous multiscale advantageous methodology circuit involving oscillatory ordinary delay equations. counter intuitively efficacy improves favourable modern communications operating ever rising. cmos oscillator confirm validity

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11311461

10.1016/j.snb.2012.06.048

This work presents the fabrication, characterisation and the performance of a wearable, robust, flexible\ud and disposable chemical barcode device based on a micro-fluidic platform that incorporates ionic\ud liquid polymer gels (ionogels). The device has been applied to the monitoring of the pH of sweat in\ud real time during an exercise period. The device is an ideal wearable sensor for measuring the pH of\ud sweat since it does not contents any electronic part for fluidic handle or pH detection and because it can\ud be directly incorporated into clothing, head- or wristbands, which are in continuous contact with the\ud skin. In addition, due to the micro-fluidic structure, fresh sweat is continuously passing through the sensing area providing the capability to perform continuous real time analysis. The approach presented here ensures immediate feedback regarding sweat composition. Sweat analysis is attractive for monitoring purposes as it can provide physiological information directly relevant to the health and performance of the wearer without the need for an invasive sampling approac

Real-time sweat pH monitoring based on a wearable chemical barcode micro-fluidic platform incorporating ionic liquids

real-time sweat ph monitoring based on a wearable chemical barcode micro-fluidic platform incorporating ionic liquids

presents fabrication characterisation wearable robust flexible disposable barcode micro fluidic platform incorporates ionic polymer gels ionogels sweat exercise period. ideal wearable sensor measuring sweat contents fluidic handle incorporated clothing wristbands skin. micro fluidic fresh sweat continuously passing sensing capability analysis. ensures immediate sweat composition. sweat attractive purposes physiological wearer invasive approac

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11991811

10.1103/PhysRevE.77.026308

A simple model of the transfer of charge and ion evaporation in the meniscus of an ionic-liquid ion source working in the purely ionic regime is proposed on the basis of order-of-magnitude estimates which show that, in this regime, _i_ the flow in the meniscus is dominated by the viscosity of the liquid and is affected very little by the mass flux accompanying ion evaporation, and _ii_ the effect of the space charge around the evaporating surface is negligible and the evaporation current is controlled by the finite electrical conductivity of the liquid. The model predicts that a stationary meniscus of a very polar liquid undergoing ion evaporation is nearly hydrostatic and can exist only below a certain value of the applied electric field, at which the meniscus attains its maximum elongation but stays smooth. The electric current vs applied electric field characteristic displays a frozen regime of negligible ion evaporation at low fields and a conduction-controlled regime at higher fields, with a sharp transition between the two regimes owing to the high sensitivity of the ion evaporation rate to the electric field. A simplified treatment of the flow in the capillary or liquid layer through which liquid is delivered to the meniscus shows that the size of the meniscus decreases and the maximum attainable current increases when the feeding pressure is decreased, and that appropriate combinations of feeding pressure and pressure drop may lead to high maximum currents

Model of the meniscus of an ionic liquid ion source.

model of the meniscus of an ionic liquid ion source.

evaporation meniscus ionic purely ionic meniscus dominated viscosity accompanying evaporation evaporating negligible evaporation electrical conductivity liquid. predicts stationary meniscus polar undergoing evaporation nearly hydrostatic meniscus attains elongation stays smooth. displays frozen negligible evaporation conduction sharp regimes owing evaporation field. simplified capillary delivered meniscus meniscus attainable feeding combinations feeding drop currents

exact_dup

11992502

10.1016/j.fss.2009.01.015

Fuzzy Sets and Systems. IMPACT FACTOR: 1,181. Fuzzy Sets and Systems. IMPACT FACTOR: 1,181. Since transitivity is quite often violated even by decision makers that accept transitivity in their preferences as a condition for consistency, a standard approach to deal with intransitive preference elicitations is the search for a close enough transitive preference relation, assuming that such a violation is mainly due to decision maker estimation errors. In some way, the more number of elicitations, the more probable inconsistency is. This is mostly the case within a fuzzy framework, even when the number of alternatives or object to be classified is relatively small. In this paper we propose a fast method to compute a T-indistinguishability from a reflexive and symmetric fuzzy relation, being T any left-continuous t-norm. The computed approximation we propose will take O(n3) time complexity, where n is the number of elements under consideration, and is expected to produce a T-transitive opening. To the authors¿ knowledge, there are no other proposed algorithm that computes T-transitive lower approximations or openings while preserving the reflexivity and symmetry properties

Computing a T-transitive lower approximation or opening of a proximity relation

computing a t-transitive lower approximation or opening of a proximity relation

fuzzy systems. fuzzy systems. transitivity violated makers accept transitivity preferences consistency deal intransitive preference elicitations transitive preference violation maker errors. elicitations probable inconsistency mostly fuzzy alternatives classified small. propose indistinguishability reflexive fuzzy norm. propose consideration transitive opening. authors¿ computes transitive approximations openings preserving reflexivity

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11995701

10.1016/j.tra.2010.08.001

Flexible-term highway concessions are becoming quite popular around the world as a means of mitigating the traffic risk ultimately allocated to the concessionaire. The most sophisticated mechanism within flexible-term concession approaches is the least present value of the revenues (LPVR). This mechanism consists of awarding the concession to the bidder who offers the least present value of the revenues discounted at a discount rate fixed by the government in the contract. Consequently, the concession will come to an end when the present value of the revenues initially requested has been eventually reached. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect that the discount rate established by the government in the bidding terms has on the traffic-risk profile ultimately allocated to the concessionaire. To analyze this effect, a mathematical model is developed in order to obtain the results. I found that the lower the discount rate the larger will be the traffic risk allocated to the concessionaire. Moreover, I found that, if a maximum term is established in the contract, the lower the discount rate, the less skewed towards the downside will be the traffic-risk profile allocated to the concessionair

The role of the discount rate in tendering highway concessions under the LPVR approach.

the role of the discount rate in tendering highway concessions under the lpvr approach.

flexible highway concessions becoming popular mitigating traffic ultimately allocated concessionaire. sophisticated flexible concession revenues lpvr awarding concession bidder offers revenues discounted discount contract. concession come revenues initially requested eventually reached. discount bidding traffic ultimately allocated concessionaire. analyze mathematical results. discount traffic allocated concessionaire. contract discount skewed downside traffic allocated concessionair

exact_dup

11998125

10.1002/pip.1052

Measurements that suppliers offer in specification sheets are not always close to the actual power measured in independent laboratories such as CIEMAT. Independent measurements tend to be lower than those printed on the label sometimes even lower than the allowed tolerance indicated by the manufacturer on the same label. Furthermore, a potentially significant power reduction has been reported when Standard EN50380 (which requires photovoltaic (PV) modules to be exposed to more than 20 kWh/m2 of sunlight prior to taking the measurements that appear on the label) is followed. This is the initial power stabilization and this work studies the power stabilization that tends to appear in crystalline PV modules. Crystalline PV modules usually decrease in power around 1%, but decreases >4% have also been reported. These power losses are only detected after the mentioned power stabilizatio

Influence of initial power stabilization over crystalline-Si photovoltaic modules maximum power

influence of initial power stabilization over crystalline-si photovoltaic modules maximum power

suppliers offer specification sheets laboratories ciemat. tend printed label sometimes tolerance manufacturer label. potentially photovoltaic modules exposed sunlight label followed. stabilization stabilization tends crystalline modules. crystalline modules reported. losses stabilizatio

exact_dup

11999188

10.1093/mp/ssr082

The Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein controls defense responses to necrotrophic and vascular fungi. The agb1 mutant impaired in the Gβ subunit displays enhanced susceptibility to these pathogens. Gβ/AGB1 forms an obligate dimer with either one of the Arabidopsis Gγ subunits (γ1/AGG1 and γ2/AGG2). Accordingly, we now demonstrate that the agg1 agg2 double mutant is as susceptible as agb1 plants to the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina. To elucidate the molecular basis of heterotrimeric G-protein-mediated resistance, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of agb1-1 mutant and wild-type plants upon inoculation with P. cucumerina. This analysis, together with metabolomic studies, demonstrated that G-protein-mediated resistance was independent of defensive pathways required for resistance to necrotrophic fungi, such as the salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, and tryptophan-derived metabolites signaling, as these pathways were not impaired in agb1 and agg1 agg2 mutants. Notably, many mis-regulated genes in agb1 plants were related with cell wall functions, which was also the case in agg1 agg2 mutant. Biochemical analyses and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy of cell walls from G-protein mutants revealed that the xylose content was lower in agb1 and agg1 agg2 mutants than in wild-type plants, and that mutant walls had similar FTIR spectratypes, which differed from that of wild-type plants. The data presented here suggest a canonical functionality of the Gβ and Gγ1/γ2 subunits in the control of Arabidopsis immune responses and the regulation of cell wall composition

Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein regulates cell wall defense and resistance to necrotrophic fungi

arabidopsis heterotrimeric g-protein regulates cell wall defense and resistance to necrotrophic fungi

arabidopsis heterotrimeric defense necrotrophic vascular fungi. impaired subunit displays susceptibility pathogens. obligate dimer arabidopsis subunits accordingly susceptible necrotrophic fungus plectosphaerella cucumerina. elucidate heterotrimeric comparative transcriptomic inoculation cucumerina. metabolomic defensive pathways necrotrophic fungi salicylic jasmonic ethylene abscisic tryptophan metabolites pathways impaired mutants. notably regulated mutant. biochemical fourier transform infrared ftir spectroscopy walls mutants xylose mutants walls ftir spectratypes differed plants. canonical functionality subunits arabidopsis immune

exact_dup

12001220

10.1007/s00425-006-0304-2

Amidase 1 (AMI1) from Arabidopsis thaliana converts indole-3-acetamide (IAM), into indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). AMI1 is part of a small isogene family comprising seven members in A. thaliana encoding proteins which share a conserved glycine- and serine-rich amidase-signature. One member of this family has been characterized as an N-acylethanolamine-cleaving fatty acid amidohydrolase (FAAH) and two other members are part of the preprotein translocon of the outer envelope of chloroplasts (Toc complex) or mitochondria (Tom complex) and presumably lack enzymatic activity. Among the hitherto characterized proteins of this family, AMI1 is the only member with indole-3-acetamide hydrolase activity, and IAM is the preferred substrate while N-acylethanolamines and oleamide are not hydrolyzed significantly, thus suggesting a role of AMI1 in auxin biosynthesis. Whereas the enzymatic function of AMI1 has been determined in vitro, the subcellular localization of the enzyme remained unclear. By using different GFP-fusion constructs and an A. thaliana transient expression system, we show a cytoplasmic localization of AMI1. In addition, RT-PCR and anti-amidase antisera were used to examine tissue specific expression of AMI1 at the transcriptional and translational level, respectively. AMI1-expression is strongest in places of highest IAA content in the plant. Thus, it is concluded that AMI1 may be involved in de novo IAA synthesis in A. thaliana

Subcellular localization and tissue specific expression of amidase 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana

subcellular localization and tissue specific expression of amidase 1 from arabidopsis thaliana

amidase arabidopsis thaliana converts indole acetamide indole acetic isogene comprising seven thaliana encoding share conserved glycine serine amidase signature. member acylethanolamine cleaving fatty amidohydrolase faah preprotein translocon outer envelope chloroplasts mitochondria presumably enzymatic activity. hitherto member indole acetamide hydrolase preferred acylethanolamines oleamide hydrolyzed auxin biosynthesis. enzymatic subcellular localization enzyme remained unclear. fusion constructs thaliana transient cytoplasmic localization amidase antisera examine transcriptional translational respectively. strongest places plant. concluded novo thaliana

exact_dup

12016711

10.1016/j.ijindorg.2012.05.001

A widely used clause in license contracts -- the field-of-use restriction (FOUR) -- precludes licensees from operating outside of the specified technical field. When a technology has several distinct applications, FOUR allow the licensor to slice up his rights and attribute them to the lowest-cost producer in each field of use. This can improve production efficiency. However, with complex technologies, the boundaries of fields of use may be difficult to codify, entailing a risk of overlap of licensees' rights. We explore how this affects the optimal license contract in a moral hazard framework where the licensor's effort determines the probability of overlap. We show that depending on the contracting environment, the license agreement may include output restrictions and nonlinear royalty schemes.

Field-of-use restrictions in licensing agreements

field-of-use restrictions in licensing agreements

widely clause contracts restriction precludes licensees operating specified field. licensor slice rights attribute producer use. efficiency. technologies boundaries codify entailing overlap licensees rights. explore affects contract moral hazard licensor effort determines overlap. contracting restrictions royalty schemes.

exact_dup

12043159

10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.001

Polyethyleneimine-coated double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were used for dual gene and drug delivery, after loading the DWCNTs with the drug chloroquine, a lysosomotropic compound that is able to promote escape from the lysosomal compartment. Different forms of functionalization of the DWCNTs were examined in order to optimize this system. They included the testing of different treatments on DWCNTs to optimize the loading and delivery of chloroquine and the selection of a cationic polymer for coating the DWCNTs for optimum DNA binding and delivery. An acid oxidation treatment of DWCNTs was selected for optimum chloroquine loading together with polyethyleneimine as optimum cationic coating agent for plasmid DNA binding. Optimization of the conditions for choroquine-enhanced gene delivery were developed using luciferase expression as a model system. We have demonstrated that chloroquine-loading increases the ability of polyethyleneimine-coated DWCNTs to deliver functional nucleic acid to human cells. Cell viability tests have shown no cytotoxicity of the functionalized DWCNTs at the concentrations needed for optimum gene delivery. These results support the potential applications of this methodology in gene therapy

Chloroquine-enhanced gene delivery mediated by carbon nanotubes

chloroquine-enhanced gene delivery mediated by carbon nanotubes

polyethyleneimine coated walled nanotubes dwcnts delivery loading dwcnts chloroquine lysosomotropic compound promote escape lysosomal compartment. functionalization dwcnts optimize system. treatments dwcnts optimize loading delivery chloroquine cationic polymer coating dwcnts optimum delivery. oxidation dwcnts optimum chloroquine loading polyethyleneimine optimum cationic coating agent plasmid binding. choroquine delivery luciferase system. chloroquine loading polyethyleneimine coated dwcnts deliver nucleic cells. viability cytotoxicity functionalized dwcnts optimum delivery. methodology

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141490747

10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-term hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables

Hair cortisol in twins: heritability and genetic overlap with psychological variables and stress-system genes

hair cortisol in twins: heritability and genetic overlap with psychological variables and stress-system genes

hair cortisol promising hypothalamus pituitary adrenal activity. psychological implicated factors. psychological share unclear. aims twin heritability phenotypic psychological perceived depressive neuroticism formal twin i.e. polygenic adolescents adults. monozygotic dizygotic twin pairs. cortisol depression neuroticism studies. twin heritability phenotypic psychological interest. hcc. heritable. psychological

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143491922

10.1016/j.procir.2014.06.029

3D printing is predicted to grow and underpin distributed manufacture of customized and geometrically complex products. At this early stage\ud of technology development it is timely to consider and optimize the resource efficiency of these layered manufacturing technologies. In this\ud work, the direct electrical energy demand in one of the most popular technologies, fused deposition modelling was studied and a generic model\ud for direct energy demand in layered manufacture proposed. To explore the variability of energy demand according to machine systems, three\ud different FDM machines were evaluated. The performance of Fused Deposition Modelling was further benchmarked to machining processes in\ud order to throw light on the relative energy demands for alternative manufacturing processes. The work is a foundation for electrical energy\ud demand modelling and optimisation for the rapidly expanding 3D printing processes

Direct Electrical Energy Demand in Fused Deposition Modelling

direct electrical energy demand in fused deposition modelling

printing grow underpin manufacture customized geometrically products. timely optimize resource layered manufacturing technologies. electrical popular technologies fused deposition generic layered manufacture proposed. explore machine machines evaluated. fused deposition benchmarked machining throw demands manufacturing processes. foundation electrical optimisation rapidly expanding printing

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143691744

10.1016/j.intcom.2007.04.002

Until now, research on arrangement of verbal and non-verbal information in multimedia presentations has not considered multimodal behavior of animated agents. In this paper, we will present an experiment exploring the effects of different types of speech–gesture cooperation in agents’ behavior: redundancy (gestures duplicate pieces of information conveyed by speech), complementarity (distribution of information across speech and gestures) and a control condition in which gesture does not convey semantic information. Using a Latin-square design, these strategies were attributed to agents of different appearances to present different objects. Fifty-four male and 54 female users attended three short presentations performed by the agents, recalled the content of presentations and evaluated both the presentations and the agents. Although speech–gesture cooperation was not consciously perceived, it proved to influence users’ recall performance and subjective evaluations: redundancy increased verbal information recall, ratings of the quality of explanation, and expressiveness of agents. Redundancy also resulted in higher likeability scores for the agents and a more positive perception of their personality. Users’ gender had no influence on this set of results

The effects of speech–gesture cooperation in animated agents’ behavior in multimedia presentations

the effects of speech–gesture cooperation in animated agents’ behavior in multimedia presentations

arrangement verbal verbal multimedia presentations multimodal animated agents. exploring speech–gesture cooperation agents’ redundancy gestures duplicate pieces conveyed speech complementarity speech gestures gesture convey semantic information. latin attributed appearances objects. fifty attended presentations recalled presentations presentations agents. speech–gesture cooperation consciously perceived proved users’ subjective evaluations redundancy verbal ratings explanation expressiveness agents. redundancy resulted likeability perception personality. users’ gender

exact_dup

143691800

10.1002/app.34592

[The definitive version is available at www3.interscience.wiley.com]A quantitative estimate of the Mullins softening is proposed and tested on various carbon-black filled styrene-butadiene rubbers. In order to model the behaviour of elastomeric materials, some constitutive equations reported in the literature are based on the account of a strain amplification factor, which evolves with the maximum strain history. The amplification factor is grounded on the representation of filled rubbers as heterogeneous materials made of hard rigid domains and soft deformable domains. In the present work, this factor is splitted into two parts with opposite effects that account for the Mullins softening and for the filler reinforcement, respectively. Evolutions of both parts are obtained through a direct analysis of cyclic uniaxial tensile tests performed on a series of materials. The Mullins softening part is shown to linearly depend on the filler volume fraction and on the maximum strain applied, when defined as the first invariant of the Hencky tensor. Its changes with the gum crosslink density parameter are insignificant. The reinforcement part of the amplification factor shows quadratic dependence on the filler volume fraction.ANR MATETPRO AMUFIS

Effect of the microstructure parameters on the Mullins softening in carbon-black filled SBRs

effect of the microstructure parameters on the mullins softening in carbon-black filled sbrs

definitive mullins softening filled styrene butadiene rubbers. elastomeric constitutive amplification evolves history. amplification grounded filled rubbers heterogeneous rigid deformable domains. splitted opposite mullins softening filler reinforcement respectively. evolutions cyclic uniaxial tensile materials. mullins softening linearly filler hencky tensor. crosslink insignificant. reinforcement amplification quadratic filler fraction.anr matetpro amufis

exact_dup

143692735

10.1007/s11340-013-9738-1

Lien vers la version éditeur: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11340-013-9738-1A new blanking process that involves punch speed up to 10 ms −1 has obvious advantages in increased productivity. However, the inherent dynamics of such a process makes it difficult to develop a practical high speed punch press. The fracture phenomenon governing the blanking process has to be well understood to correctly design the machine support and the tooling. To observe this phenomenon at various controlled blanking speeds a specific experimental device has been developed. The goal is to measure accurately the shear blanking forces imposed on the specimen during blanking. In this paper a new method allowing the blanking forces to be measured and taking into account the proposed test configuration is explained. This technique has been used to determine the blanking forces experienced when forming C40 steel and quantifies the effect of process parameters such as punch die clearance, punch speed, and sheet metal thickness on the blanking force evolution

High Speed Blanking: An Experimental Method to Measure Induced Cutting Forces

high speed blanking: an experimental method to measure induced cutting forces

lien vers éditeur blanking involves punch obvious advantages productivity. inherent practical punch press. fracture phenomenon governing blanking understood correctly machine tooling. phenomenon blanking speeds developed. goal accurately blanking forces imposed specimen blanking. allowing blanking forces explained. blanking forces experienced forming steel quantifies punch clearance punch sheet blanking

exact_dup

143695129

10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.01.014

The helium and oxygen gas barrier properties of poly(lactide) were investigated as a function of stereochemistry and crystallinity degree. Poly(l-lactide) and poly(d,l-lactide) films were obtained by extrusion and thermally cold crystallized in either α′- or α-crystalline form with increasing crystallinity degree. Annealing of the films at low temperatures yielded to α′-crystals as well as the creation of a rigid amorphous fraction in the amorphous phase. Unexpectedly, the quantity of the rigid amorphous fraction was highest in poly(l-lactide) crystallized under α′-form. Unexpectedly, the gas permeability increased with increasing quantity of α′-crystals in poly(l-lactide) and remained constant with increasing quantity of α′-crystals in poly(d,l-lactide). A gain in gas barrier properties was obtained upon crystallization at higher temperatures yielding α-crystals. The analysis of the oxygen transport parameters, in particular the diffusion and the solubility coefficient showed that the diffusion was accelerated upon crystallization, while the solubility coefficient decreased in an expected manner which led to conclude that it remained constant in the amorphous phase. The acceleration of the diffusion seems to be correlated to the occurrence of the rigid amorphous fraction, which holds larger free volume. To conclude, for optimization of poly(lactide) gas barrier properties by focussing on the decrease of the diffusion coefficient it can be suggested to work with poly(d,l-lactide) and to aim a crystallization in α-form avoiding the formation of a rigid amorphous fraction

Impact of crystallinity of poly(lactide) on helium and oxygen barrier properties

impact of crystallinity of poly(lactide) on helium and oxygen barrier properties

helium barrier poly lactide stereochemistry crystallinity degree. poly lactide poly lactide films extrusion thermally cold crystallized crystalline crystallinity degree. annealing films yielded crystals creation rigid amorphous amorphous phase. unexpectedly quantity rigid amorphous poly lactide crystallized form. unexpectedly permeability quantity crystals poly lactide remained quantity crystals poly lactide barrier crystallization yielding crystals. solubility accelerated crystallization solubility manner remained amorphous phase. acceleration occurrence rigid amorphous volume. poly lactide barrier focussing poly lactide crystallization avoiding rigid amorphous

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143695266

10.1080/17797179.2012.702430

The current contribution proposes a six-node prismatic solid-shell denoted as (SHB6). The formulation is extended to geometric and material non-linearities, and focus will be placed on its validation on non-linear benchmark problems. The resulting derivation only involves displacement DOF, as it is based on a fully 3D approach. The motivation behind this is to allow a natural mesh connexion in problems where both structural and continuum elements need to be used. Another major interest is to complement meshes that use hexahedral finite element, especially when free mesh generation tools are employed. The assumed-strain method is combined with an in-plane one-point quadrature scheme in order to reduce both locking phenomena and computational cost. A careful analysis of possible stiffness matrix rank deficiencies shows that this reduced integration does not induce hourglass modes.Cifre EDF R&

Assumed-strain solid-shell formulation for the six-node finite element SHB6: Evaluation on non-linear benchmark problems

assumed-strain solid-shell formulation for the six-node finite element shb6: evaluation on non-linear benchmark problems

proposes prismatic denoted formulation geometric linearities placed validation benchmark problems. derivation involves displacement approach. motivation behind mesh connexion continuum used. complement meshes hexahedral mesh employed. quadrature locking phenomena cost. careful stiffness deficiencies induce hourglass modes.cifre

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144012902

10.1002/hyp.1466

This paper, the second in the series, uses the entropy theory to describe the spatial variability of groundwater quality data sets. The application of the entropy theory is illustrated using the chloride observations obtained from a network of groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. The application involves calculating information measures, such as transinformation, the information transfer index and the correlation coefficient. These measures are calculated using a discrete approach, in which contingency tables are used. An exponential decay fitting approach was applied to the discrete models. The analysis shows that transinformation, as a function of distance, can be represented by the exponential decay curve. It also indicates that, for the data used in this study, the transinformation model is superior to the correlation model for characterizing the spatial variability. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.146

Characterizing the spatial variability of groundwater quality using the entropy theory: II. Case study from Gaza Strip

characterizing the spatial variability of groundwater quality using the entropy theory: ii. case study from gaza strip

groundwater sets. illustrated chloride groundwater wells gaza strip palestine. involves calculating transinformation coefficient. contingency tables used. exponential fitting models. transinformation exponential curve. transinformation superior characterizing variability. hyp.

exact_dup

144013103

10.1002/hlca.200490128

New indeno-fused spiro[benzopyran-thioxanthenes] were synthesized (see 3a-d in Scheme 3) and their photochromic properties evaluated under continuous irradiation (Table 1). When submitted to irradiation for several minutes with a Xe lamp, the system behaved as one constituted by two open colored forms with different thermal bleaching rates and different susceptibilities to degradation. An increase in irradiation time led to significant degradation and to the apparent predominance of the open colored form with the faster bleaching rate.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.20049012

Studies under Continuous Irradiation of Photochromic Spiro[fluorenopyran-thioxanthenes]

studies under continuous irradiation of photochromic spiro[fluorenopyran-thioxanthenes]

indeno fused spiro benzopyran thioxanthenes synthesized photochromic irradiation submitted irradiation minutes lamp behaved constituted colored bleaching susceptibilities degradation. irradiation degradation apparent predominance colored faster bleaching rate. hlca.

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144013729

10.1065/jss2007.09.252

Abstract Background, Aims, and Scope The springtail Folsomia candida is a commonly used model species in ecotoxicological soil testing. The species reproduces parthenogenetically and, thus, laboratories use different clonal lineages. In this study, we investigated if genetic divergence between F. candida strains impacts the reaction to chemical stress and may thus affect the outcome of toxicity tests. Methods In two exposure assays (life-cycle reproduction test and avoidance behaviour test), three laboratory strains of F. candida from Portugal (PTG), Spain (SPN) and Denmark (DNK) were exposed to different concentrations of the reference chemical phenmedipham. Genetic divergence among strains was estimated based on mitochondrial COI sequence data. Results No significant differences between tolerance towards phenmedipham exposure were observed in a reproduction test. In contrast, one strain (SPN) showed a decreased susceptibility to phenmedipham compared to the other strains (PTG and DNK) in the avoidance assay. Discussion A phylogenetic tree based on mitochondrial COI sequences revealed clear genetic differentiation between both ‘reaction types’. Thus, we found a potential lineage dependent stress reaction in avoidance behaviour towards the pesticide. Conclusions Our findings have implications for the comparability of test results among laboratories. Reproduction tests seem to be more robust towards interclonal genetic differentiation than avoidance tests. Recommendations and Perspectives We recommend the use of molecular tools for simple and cost effective genetic characterization of F. candida strains used in chemical avoidance tests. Closer investigations concerning the relation between genetic relatedness and chemical response will provide a more detailed and comprehensive picture on the role of intraspecific genetic differentiation in stress tolerance.http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/jss2007.09.25

Tolerance of genetically characterized Folsomia candida strains to phenmedipham exposure

tolerance of genetically characterized folsomia candida strains to phenmedipham exposure

aims scope springtail folsomia candida commonly ecotoxicological testing. reproduces parthenogenetically laboratories clonal lineages. divergence candida impacts toxicity tests. assays reproduction avoidance candida portugal spain denmark exposed phenmedipham. divergence mitochondrial data. tolerance phenmedipham reproduction test. susceptibility phenmedipham avoidance assay. phylogenetic mitochondrial ‘reaction types’. lineage avoidance pesticide. comparability laboratories. reproduction seem robust interclonal avoidance tests. recommendations perspectives recommend candida avoidance tests. closer investigations concerning relatedness comprehensive picture intraspecific tolerance.

exact_dup

147607673

10.1016/j.compositesa.2006.09.009

There are many factors which influence the incorporation of particulate in metal matrix composites (MMCs). This paper presents work which examines the effect of viscosity during Al–SiC MMC production. Processing periods (up to 65 min), stirring speeds (50– 500 rpm), and re-inforcement sizes (13–100 lm) for two different viscosity levels (1 and 300 mPa s) were investigated. Computer simulations, room temperature analogue fluid simulations, and MMC castings were performed. Volume fraction results of SiC at different locations within the fluids were assessed by each of these methods and compared. From these tests, a stirring speed of 200 rpm for the lower viscosity fluid and 300 rpm for the higher viscosity fluid were found to be best in order to produce uniform distributions of SiC. In order to obtain a uniform re-inforcement distribution in the lower viscosity system, stirring periods were found to range from 14 to 170 s and for the higher viscosity system from 540 to more than 3920 s. Fully uniform suspensions remained for just a couple of seconds in the lower viscosity system compared to about an hour for the higher viscosity system. The modelling approach chosen was found to be useful in predicting settling behaviour in the semi-solid metal

Computational and experimental analysis of particulate distribution during Al–SiC MMC fabrication

computational and experimental analysis of particulate distribution during al–sic mmc fabrication

incorporation particulate composites mmcs presents examines viscosity al–sic production. stirring speeds inforcement sizes viscosity investigated. room analogue castings performed. locations fluids compared. stirring viscosity viscosity sic. inforcement viscosity stirring viscosity suspensions remained couple seconds viscosity hour viscosity system. predicting settling

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147607844

10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.01.005

In this paper, the sandwich tubes, which consist of thin-walled circular tubes with aluminium foam core, were proposed as energy absorption devices. The sandwich tubes were laterally crushed under quasi-static loading conditions. Detailed finite element model, validated against existing experimental results, was developed using the explicit code (ANSYS-LSDYNA) to assess the energy absorption responses and deformation modes. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed in parallel with the finite element models to perform both parametric studies and multi-objective optimization in order to establish the optimal configuration of the sandwich tube. Sampling designs of the sandwich tubes were constructed based on a D - optimal design of experiment (DOE) method. Factorial analysis was performed using the DOE results to investigate the influences of the geometric parameters on the responses of sandwich tubes. In addition, multi-objective optimization design (MOD) of the sandwich tubes is carried out by adopting a desirability approach. It was found that the tube with a minimum diameter of the inner layer and a maximum foam thickness are more suitable for use as energy absorbing components

Analysis and optimization of energy absorbers of sandwich tubes with aluminium foam core under lateral loading

analysis and optimization of energy absorbers of sandwich tubes with aluminium foam core under lateral loading

sandwich tubes consist walled circular tubes aluminium foam devices. sandwich tubes laterally crushed quasi loading conditions. validated ansys lsdyna deformation modes. methodology parametric establish sandwich tube. designs sandwich tubes method. factorial influences geometric sandwich tubes. sandwich tubes adopting desirability approach. tube foam absorbing

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148349066

10.1016/j.shpsb.2010.11.002

Hugh Everett III proposed that a quantum measurement can be treated as an interaction that correlates microscopic and macroscopic systems—particularly when the experimenter herself is included among those macroscopic systems. It has been difficult, however, to determine precisely what this proposal amounts to. Almost without exception, commentators have held that there are ambiguities in Everett’s theory of measurement that result from significant—even embarrassing—omissions. In the present paper, we resist the conclusion that Everett’s proposal is incomplete, and we develop a close reading that accounts for apparent oversights. We begin by taking a look at how Everett set up his project—his method and his criterion of success. Illuminating parallels are found between Everett’s method and then-contemporary thought regarding inter-theoretic reduction. Also, from unpublished papers and correspondence, we are able to piece together how Everett judged the success of his theory of measurement, which completes our account of his intended contribution to the resolution of the quantum measurement problem

Everett's "Many-Worlds" Proposal

everett's "many-worlds" proposal

hugh everett correlates microscopic macroscopic systems—particularly experimenter macroscopic systems. precisely proposal amounts exception commentators held ambiguities everett’s significant—even embarrassing—omissions. resist everett’s proposal incomplete reading accounts apparent oversights. begin look everett project—his criterion success. illuminating parallels everett’s contemporary thought theoretic reduction. unpublished papers correspondence piece everett judged success completes intended

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148349560

10.1007/s13194-012-0061-y

The paper investigates the spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetries in gauge theories from a philosophical angle, taking into account the fact that the notion of a spontaneously broken local gauge symmetry, though widely employed in textbook expositions of the Higgs mechanism, is\ud not supported by our leading theoretical frameworks of gauge quantum theories. In the context of lattice gauge theory, the statement that local gauge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken can even be made rigorous in the form of Elitzur’s theorem. Nevertheless, gauge symmetry breaking does occur in gauge quantum field theories in the form of the breaking of remnant subgroups of the original local gauge group under which the theories typically remain invariant after gauge fixing. The paper discusses the relation between these instances of symmetry breaking and phase transitions and draws some more general conclusions for the philosophical interpretation of gauge symmetries and their breaking.\u

Gauge Symmetry Breaking in Gauge Theories---In Search of Clarification

gauge symmetry breaking in gauge theories---in search of clarification

investigates spontaneous breaking symmetries philosophical notion spontaneously broken widely textbook expositions frameworks theories. statement spontaneously broken rigorous elitzur’s theorem. nevertheless breaking breaking remnant subgroups fixing. discusses instances breaking draws philosophical symmetries breaking.

exact_dup

148658949

10.1007/s00521-010-0380-x

In this paper, we propose a swarm intelligence localization strategy in which robots have to locate different resource areas in a bounded arena and forage between them. The robots have no knowledge of the arena dimensions and of the number of resource areas. The strategy is based on peer-to-peer local communication without the need for any central unit. Social Odometry leads to a self-organized path selection. We show how collective decisions lead the robots to choose the closest resource site from a central place. Results are presented with simulated and real robots

Collective decision-making based on social odometry

collective decision-making based on social odometry

propose swarm intelligence localization robots locate resource arena forage them. robots arena resource areas. peer peer unit. odometry organized selection. collective decisions robots closest resource place. robots

exact_dup

148659074

10.1016/j.jweia.2010.02.002

Galloping, also known as Den Hartog instability, is the large amplitude, low frequency oscillation of a structure in the direction transverse to the mean wind direction. It normally appears in the case of bodies with small stiffness and structural damping, when they are placed in a flow provided the incident velocity is high enough. Galloping depends on the slope of the lift coefficient versus angle of attack curve, which must be negative. Generally speaking this implies that the body is stalled after boundary layer separation, which, as it is known in non-wedged bodies, is a Reynolds number dependent phenomenon. Wind tunnel experiments have been conducted aiming at establishing the characteristics of the galloping motion of elliptical cross-section bodies when subjected to a uniform flow, the angles of attack ranging from 0° to 90°. The results have been summarized in stability maps, both in the angle of attack versus relative thickness and in the angle of attack versus Reynolds number planes, where galloping instability regions are identified

On the galloping instability of two-dimensional bodies having elliptical cross sections.

on the galloping instability of two-dimensional bodies having elliptical cross sections.

galloping hartog instability oscillation direction. normally bodies stiffness damping placed incident enough. galloping lift attack negative. speaking stalled wedged bodies reynolds phenomenon. tunnel aiming establishing galloping elliptical bodies subjected angles attack ranging summarized attack attack reynolds planes galloping instability

exact_dup

148660889

10.1016/j.snb.2011.09.083

Solidly mounted resonators (SMRs) with a top carbon nanotubes (CNTs) surface coating that doubles as an electrode and as a sensing layer have been fabricated. The influence of the CNTs on the frequency response of the resonators was studied by direct comparison to identical devices with a top metallic electrode. It was found that the CNTs introduced significantly less mass load on the resonators and these devices exhibited a greater quality factor, Q (>2000, compared to ∼1000 for devices with metal electrodes), which increases the gravimetric sensitivity of the devices by allowing the tracking of smaller frequency shifts. Protein solutions with different concentrations were loaded on the top of the resonators and their responses to mass-load from physically adsorbed coatings were investigated. Results show that resonators using CNTs as the top electrode exhibited a higher frequency change for a given load (∼0.25 MHz cm2 ng−1) compared to that of a metal thin film electrode (∼0.14 MHz cm2 ng−1), due to the lower mass of the CNTelectrodes and their higher active surface area compared to that of a thin film metal electrode. It is therefore concluded that the use of CNTelectrodes on resonators for their use as gravimetric biosensors is a significant improvement over metallic electrodes that are normally employed

AlN-based BAW resonators with CNT electrodes for gravimetric biosensing

aln-based baw resonators with cnt electrodes for gravimetric biosensing

solidly mounted resonators smrs nanotubes cnts coating doubles electrode sensing fabricated. cnts resonators devices metallic electrode. cnts resonators devices exhibited devices electrodes gravimetric devices allowing tracking shifts. loaded resonators physically adsorbed coatings investigated. resonators cnts electrode exhibited film electrode cntelectrodes film electrode. concluded cntelectrodes resonators gravimetric biosensors metallic electrodes normally

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148662253

10.1016/j.asoc.2010.01.011

This paper outlines an automatic computervision system for the identification of avena sterilis which is a special weed seed growing in cereal crops. The final goal is to reduce the quantity of herbicide to be sprayed as an important and necessary step for precision agriculture. So, only areas where the presence of weeds is important should be sprayed. The main problems for the identification of this kind of weed are its similar spectral signature with respect the crops and also its irregular distribution in the field. It has been designed a new strategy involving two processes: image segmentation and decision making. The image segmentation combines basic suitable image processing techniques in order to extract cells from the image as the low level units. Each cell is described by two area-based attributes measuring the relations among the crops and weeds. The decision making is based on the SupportVectorMachines and determines if a cell must be sprayed. The main findings of this paper are reflected in the combination of the segmentation and the SupportVectorMachines decision processes. Another important contribution of this approach is the minimum requirements of the system in terms of memory and computation power if compared with other previous works. The performance of the method is illustrated by comparative analysis against some existing strategies

A computer vision approach for weeds identification through Support Vector Machines

a computer vision approach for weeds identification through support vector machines

outlines automatic computervision avena sterilis weed seed growing cereal crops. goal quantity herbicide sprayed precision agriculture. weeds sprayed. kind weed signature crops irregular field. involving segmentation making. segmentation combines extract units. attributes measuring crops weeds. supportvectormachines determines sprayed. reflected segmentation supportvectormachines processes. works. illustrated comparative

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148662556

10.1016/j.fluid.2011.06.018

The solubility parameters of two SBS commercial rubbers with different structures (lineal and radial), and with slightly different styrene content have been determined by inverse gas chromatography technique. The Flory–Huggins interaction parameters of several polymer–solvent mixtures have also been calculated. The influence of the polymer composition, the solvent molecular weight and the temperature over these parameters have been discussed; besides, these parameters have been compared with previous ones, obtained by intrinsic viscosity measurements. From the Flory–Huggins interaction parameters, the infinite dilution activity coefficients of the solvents have been calculated and fitted to the well-known NRTL model. These NRTL binary interaction parameters have a great importance in modelling the separation steps in the process of obtaining the rubber

Polymer-solvent interaction parameters of SBS rubbers by inverse gas chromatography measurements

polymer-solvent interaction parameters of sbs rubbers by inverse gas chromatography measurements

solubility commercial rubbers lineal styrene chromatography technique. flory–huggins polymer–solvent mixtures calculated. polymer solvent besides intrinsic viscosity measurements. flory–huggins infinite dilution solvents fitted nrtl model. nrtl great obtaining rubber

exact_dup

148663594

10.1088/0022-3727/45/4/045101

An n(++)-GaAs/p(++)-AlGaAs tunnel junction with a peak current density of 10 100Acm(-2) is developed. This device is a tunnel junction for multijunction solar cells, grown lattice-matched on standard GaAs or Ge substrates, with the highest peak current density ever reported. The voltage drop for a current density equivalent to the operation of the multijunction solar cell up to 10 000 suns is below 5 mV. Trap-assisted tunnelling is proposed to be behind this performance, which cannot be justified by simple band-to-band tunnelling. The metal-organic vapour-phase epitaxy growth conditions, which are in the limits of the transport-limited regime, and the heavy tellurium doping levels are the proposed origins of the defects enabling trap-assisted tunnelling. The hypothesis of trap-assisted tunnelling is supported by the observed annealing behaviour of the tunnel junctions, which cannot be explained in terms of dopant diffusion or passivation. For the integration of these tunnel junctions into a triple-junction solar cell, AlGaAs barrier layers are introduced to suppress the formation of parasitic junctions, but this is found to significantly degrade the performance of the tunnel junctions. However, the annealed tunnel junctions with barrier layers still exhibit a peak current density higher than 2500Acm(-2) and a voltage drop at 10 000 suns of around 20 mV, which are excellent properties for tunnel junctions and mean they can serve as low-loss interconnections in multijunction solar cells working at ultra-high concentrations

Performance analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs tunnel junctions for ultra-high concentration photovoltaics

performance analysis of algaas/gaas tunnel junctions for ultra-high concentration photovoltaics

gaas algaas tunnel junction developed. tunnel junction multijunction grown matched gaas substrates ever reported. drop multijunction suns trap assisted tunnelling behind justified tunnelling. vapour epitaxy tellurium doping origins defects enabling trap assisted tunnelling. trap assisted tunnelling annealing tunnel junctions dopant passivation. tunnel junctions triple junction algaas barrier suppress parasitic junctions degrade tunnel junctions. annealed tunnel junctions barrier exhibit drop suns excellent tunnel junctions serve interconnections multijunction ultra

exact_dup

148664096

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.009

This study characterises the abatement effect of large dams with fixed-crest spillways under extreme design flood conditions. In contrast to previous studies using specific hydrographs for flow into the reservoir and simplifications to obtain analytical solutions, an automated tool was designed for calculations based on a Monte Carlo simulation environment, which integrates models that represent the different physical processes in watersheds with areas of 150?2000 km2. The tool was applied to 21 sites that were uniformly distributed throughout continental Spain, with 105 fixed-crest dam configurations. This tool allowed a set of hydrographs to be obtained as an approximation for the hydrological forcing of a dam and the characterisation of the response of the dam to this forcing. For all cases studied, we obtained a strong linear correlation between the peak flow entering the reservoir and the peak flow discharged by the dam, and a simple general procedure was proposed to characterise the peak-flow attenuation behaviour of the reservoir. Additionally, two dimensionless coefficients were defined to relate the variables governing both the generation of the flood and its abatement in the reservoir. Using these coefficients, a model was defined to allow for the estimation of the flood abatement effect of a reservoir based on the available information. This model should be useful in the hydrological design of spillways and the evaluation of the hydrological safety of dams. Finally, the proposed procedure and model were evaluated and representative applications were presente

Extreme flood abatement in large dams with fixed-crest spillways

extreme flood abatement in large dams with fixed-crest spillways

characterises abatement dams crest spillways extreme flood conditions. hydrographs reservoir simplifications automated monte carlo integrates watersheds uniformly continental spain crest configurations. hydrographs hydrological forcing characterisation forcing. entering reservoir discharged characterise attenuation reservoir. additionally dimensionless relate governing flood abatement reservoir. flood abatement reservoir information. hydrological spillways hydrological dams. presente

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148666284

10.1016/j.patrec.2013.03.019

In this paper, the fusion of probabilistic knowledge-based classification rules and learning automata theory is proposed and as a result we present a set of probabilistic classification rules with self-learning capability. The probabilities of the classification rules change dynamically guided by a supervised reinforcement process aimed at obtaining an optimum classification accuracy. This novel classifier is applied to the automatic recognition of digital images corresponding to visual landmarks for the autonomous navigation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by the authors. The classification accuracy of the proposed classifier and its comparison with well-established pattern recognition methods is finally reported

Fusion of probabilistic knowledge-based classification rules and learning automata for automatic recognition of digital images

fusion of probabilistic knowledge-based classification rules and learning automata for automatic recognition of digital images

fusion probabilistic automata probabilistic capability. probabilities dynamically guided supervised reinforcement aimed obtaining optimum accuracy. classifier automatic recognition digital landmarks autonomous navigation unmanned aerial vehicle authors. classifier recognition

exact_dup

148668676

10.1063/1.4822229

This paper presents the design and preliminary experimental results of a concentrator-type photovoltaic module based on a free-form off-axis 800×XR-Köhler concentrator. The off-axis XR-Köhler concentrator is one of the advanced concentrators that perform high concentration with a large acceptance angle and excellent irradiance uniformity on a solar cell. As a result of on-sun characterization of the unglazed single-cell unit test rig, the temperature-corrected DC module efficiency was 32.2% at 25 °C without an anti-reflective (AR) coating on the secondary optics, and the acceptance angle was more than ±1.0°. In addition, the non-corrected DC efficiency of an individual cell in a glazed 8-cell unit module mounted on a carousel tracking system was measured. The individual efficiency deviated in the range of 24.3-27.4%, owing to the mirror shape and alignment errors. The resultant series-connected efficiency was approximately 25% at direct normal irradiation (DNI) of 770 W/m2

Field experiment of 800× off-axis XR-Köhler concentrator module on a carousel tracker

field experiment of 800× off-axis xr-köhler concentrator module on a carousel tracker

presents preliminary concentrator photovoltaic module köhler concentrator. köhler concentrator advanced concentrators acceptance excellent irradiance uniformity cell. unglazed corrected module reflective coating optics acceptance corrected glazed module mounted carousel tracking measured. deviated owing mirror alignment errors. resultant irradiation

exact_dup

148674139

10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.02.008

Fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRP) have found widespread usage in the repair and strengthening of concrete structures. FRP composites exhibit high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and are convenient to use in repair applications. Externally bonded FRP flexural strengthening of concrete beams is the most extended application of this technique. A common cause of failure in such members is associated with intermediate crack-induced debonding (IC debonding) of the FRP substrate from the concrete in an abrupt manner. Continuous monitoring of the concrete?FRP interface is essential to pre- vent IC debonding. Objective condition assessment and performance evaluation are challenging activities since they require some type of monitoring to track the response over a period of time. In this paper, a multi-objective model updating method integrated in the context of structural health monitoring is demonstrated as promising technology for the safety and reliability of this kind of strengthening technique. The proposed method, solved by a multi-objective extension of the particle swarm optimization method, is based on strain measurements under controlled loading. The use of permanently installed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors embedded into the FRP-concrete interface or bonded onto the FRP strip together with the proposed methodology results in an automated method able to operate in an unsupervised mode

Identification of intermediate debonding damage in FRP-plated RC beams based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization without updated baseline model

identification of intermediate debonding damage in frp-plated rc beams based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization without updated baseline model

fiber reinforced polymer composites widespread usage repair strengthening concrete structures. composites exhibit corrosion convenient repair applications. externally bonded flexural strengthening concrete beams technique. crack debonding debonding concrete abrupt manner. concrete vent debonding. challenging track time. updating promising reliability kind strengthening technique. solved swarm loading. permanently installed fiber bragg grating sensors embedded concrete bonded strip methodology automated operate unsupervised

exact_dup

148678341

10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.014

Concentrating Photovoltaics (CPV) is an alternative to flat-plate module photovoltaic (PV) technology. The bankability of CPV projects is an important issue to pave the way toward a swift and sustained growth in this technology. The bankability of a PV plant is generally addressed through the modeling of its energy yield under a baseline loss scenario, followed by an on-site measurement campaign aimed at verifying its energy performance. This paper proposes a procedure for assessing the performance of a CPV project, articulated around four main successive steps: Solar Resource Assessment, Yield Assessment, Certificate of Provisional Acceptance, and Certificate of Final Acceptance. This methodology allows the long-term energy production of a CPV project to be estimated with an associated uncertainty of ≈5%. To our knowledge, no such method has been proposed to the CPV industry yet, and this critical situation has hindered or made impossible the completion of several important CPV projects undertaken in the world. The main motive for this proposed method is to bring a practical solution to this urgent problem. This procedure can be operated under a wide range of climatic conditions, and makes it possible to assess the bankability of a CPV plant whose design uses any of the technologies currently available on the market. The method is also compliant with both international standards and local regulations. In consequence, its applicability is both general and international

A bankable method of assessing the performance of a CPV plant

a bankable method of assessing the performance of a cpv plant

concentrating photovoltaics plate module photovoltaic technology. bankability projects pave toward swift sustained technology. bankability addressed campaign aimed verifying performance. proposes assessing articulated successive resource certificate provisional acceptance certificate acceptance. methodology hindered impossible completion projects undertaken world. motive bring practical urgent problem. operated climatic bankability technologies market. compliant standards regulations. applicability

exact_dup

148679850

10.1016/j.icarus.2006.09.028

The OSIRIS cameras on the Rosetta spacecraft observed Comet 9P/Tempel 1 from 5 days before to 10 days after it was hit by the Deep Impact projectile. The Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) monitored the cometary dust in 5 different filters. The Wide Angle Camera (WAC) observed through filters sensitive to emissions from OH, CN, Na, and OI together with the associated continuum. Before and after the impact the comet showed regular variations in intensity. The period of the brightness changes is consistent with the rotation period of Tempel 1. The overall brightness of Tempel 1 decreased by about 10% during the OSIRIS observations. The analysis of the impact ejecta shows that no new permanent coma structures were created by the impact. Most of the material moved with View the MathML source∼200ms−1. Much of it left the comet in the form of icy grains which sublimated and fragmented within the first hour after the impact. The light curve of the comet after the impact and the amount of material leaving the comet (View the MathML source4.5–9×106kg of water ice and a presumably larger amount of dust) suggest that the impact ejecta were quickly accelerated by collisions with gas molecules. Therefore, the motion of the bulk of the ejecta cannot be described by ballistic trajectories, and the validity of determinations of the density and tensile strength of the nucleus of Tempel 1 with models using ballistic ejection of particles is uncertain

Observations of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 around the Deep Impact event by the OSIRIS cameras onboard Rosetta

observations of comet 9p/tempel 1 around the deep impact event by the osiris cameras onboard rosetta

osiris cameras rosetta spacecraft comet tempel projectile. narrow camera monitored cometary filters. camera filters continuum. comet intensity. brightness tempel brightness tempel osiris observations. ejecta permanent coma created impact. moved mathml source∼ comet grains sublimated fragmented hour impact. comet leaving comet mathml presumably ejecta quickly accelerated collisions molecules. ejecta ballistic trajectories validity determinations tensile nucleus tempel ballistic ejection uncertain

exact_dup

148680565

10.1080/00396265.2015.1113029

Spatial Analysis has been used since the 1990s for hedonic cadastral models of urban areas in large cities. This research aims to apply spatial analysis to zoning a district in Madrid located in the central part of the city in order to estimate urban housing prices. In doing so, the necessary data have been gathered ? both vector and raster- as found on the official government website and private company websites. This was done firstly to analyse the characteristics and then for the objectives of the study because it is rather helpful to use these types of analyses based on vector and raster data along with interpolation methods that obtain regular structures and attempt to avoid the subjective component inherent to traditional procedures. The essence of the work consisted of studying the minimum parameters that influence housing appraisals to resolve the problem. Normally, cadastral appraisal work fulfils the Official Technical Regulations in each country considering a greater number of parameters and corrective coefficients. The importance of this work consisted of lowering and prioritising the number of basic parameters necessary to set urban housing prices. The conclusions section confirms a high likelihood of successfully reducing the number of parameters to achieve an appraisal value that is similar to the one obtained using official methods

The application of spatial analysis to cadastral zoning of urban areas: an example in the city of Madrid.

the application of spatial analysis to cadastral zoning of urban areas: an example in the city of madrid.

hedonic cadastral cities. aims zoning district madrid city housing prices. gathered raster official website private company websites. firstly analyse objectives helpful raster interpolation attempt avoid subjective inherent traditional procedures. essence consisted studying housing appraisals resolve problem. normally cadastral appraisal fulfils official regulations corrective coefficients. consisted lowering prioritising housing prices. confirms likelihood successfully reducing appraisal official

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148681359

10.1016/j.mmcr.2015.06.002

Subcutaneous mycoses in freshwater fish are rare infections usually caused by oomycetes of the genus Saprolegnia and some filamentous fungi. To date, Fusarium infections in farmed fish have only been described in marine fish. Here, we report the presence of Fusarium oxysporum in subcutaneous lesions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Histopathologic evaluation revealed granuloma formation with fungal structures, and the identity of the etiological agent was demonstrated by morphological and molecular analyses. Some of the animals died as a result of systemic coinfection with Aeromonashydrophila

Skin and subcutaneous mycoses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused by fusarium oxyspoum in coinfection with Aeromonas hydrophila

skin and subcutaneous mycoses in tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) caused by fusarium oxyspoum in coinfection with aeromonas hydrophila

subcutaneous mycoses freshwater fish rare infections oomycetes genus saprolegnia filamentous fungi. fusarium infections farmed fish marine fish. fusarium oxysporum subcutaneous lesions nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus histopathologic granuloma fungal etiological agent morphological analyses. died systemic coinfection aeromonashydrophila

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148681677

10.1002/nme.4947

An adaptive low-dimensional model is considered to simulate time-dependent dynamics in nonlinear dissipative systems governed by PDEs. The method combines an inexpensive POD-based Galerkin system with short runs of a standard numerical solver that provides the snapshots necessary to first construct and then update the POD modes. Switching between the numerical solver and the Galerkin system is decided ‘on the fly’ by monitoring (i) a truncation error estimate and (ii) a residual estimate. The latter estimate is used to control the mode truncation instability and highly improves former adaptive strategies that detected this instability by monitoring consistency with a second instrumental Galerkin system based on a larger number of POD modes. The most computationally expensive run of the numerical solver occurs at the outset, when the whole set of POD modes is calculated. This step is improved by using mode libraries, which may either be generic or result from former applications of the method. The outcome is a flexible, robust, computationally inexpensive procedure that adapts itself to the local dynamics by using the faster Galerkin system for the majority of the time and few, on demand, short runs of a numerical solver. The method is illustrated considering the complex Ginzburg Landau equation in one and two space dimensions

Adaptive POD-based low-dimensional modeling supported by residual estimates

adaptive pod-based low-dimensional modeling supported by residual estimates

adaptive simulate dissipative governed pdes. combines inexpensive galerkin runs solver snapshots update modes. switching solver galerkin decided fly’ truncation residual estimate. truncation instability improves former adaptive instability consistency instrumental galerkin modes. computationally expensive solver outset calculated. libraries generic former method. flexible robust computationally inexpensive adapts faster galerkin majority runs solver. illustrated ginzburg landau

exact_dup

148681807

10.1007/978-3-319-18914-7_47

This paper falls under the idea of introducing biomimetic miniature air vehicles in ambient assisted living and home health applications. The concepts of active disturbance rejection control and flatness based control are used in this paper for the trajectory tracking tasks in the flapping-wing miniature air vehicle (FWMAV) time-averaged model. The generalized proportional integral (GPI) observers are used to obtain accurate estimations of the flat output associated phase variables and of the time-varying disturbance signals. This information is used in the proposed feedback controller in (a) approximate, yet close, cancelations, as lumped unstructured time-varying terms, of the influence of the highly coupled nonlinearities and (b) the devising of proper linear output feedback control laws based on the approximate estimates of the string of phase variables associated with the flat outputs simultaneously provided by the disturbance observers. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach

Robust Linear Longitudinal Feedback Control of a Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle

robust linear longitudinal feedback control of a flapping wing micro air vehicle

falls introducing biomimetic miniature vehicles ambient assisted living home applications. concepts disturbance rejection flatness trajectory tracking tasks flapping wing miniature vehicle fwmav averaged model. observers estimations disturbance signals. controller approximate cancelations lumped unstructured nonlinearities devising proper laws approximate outputs simultaneously disturbance observers. illustrate effectiveness

exact_dup

148687067

10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.12.005

The lipid content of three cores from Lake Enol (Picos de Europa National Park, Asturias, Northern Spain) was studied. The n-alkane profiles indicated a major input from terrigenous plants [predominance of high molecular weight (HMW) alkanes] since ca. 1695 AD to the water body, although the uppermost cm revealed a predominance of organic matter (OM) derived from algae, as the most abundant alkane was C17. Three units revealing different environmental conditions were defined. Unit A (ca. 1695–1860 AD) in the lowermost parts of ENO13-10 (< 12 cm) and ENO13-15 (< 28 cm) was identified and was characterized by higher OM input and evidence of minimal degradation (high CPI values, predominance of HMW n-alkanoic acids and good correspondence between the predominant n-alkane and n-alkanoic acid chains). These findings could be linked to the Little Ice Age, when cold and humid conditions may have favored an increase in total organic carbon (TOC) and n-alkane and n-alkanoic acid content (greater terrigenous OM in-wash), and may have also reduced bacterial activity. In Unit B (ca. 1860–1980 AD) the lack of correspondence between the n-alkane and n-alkanoic acid profiles of ENO13-10 (12–4 cm) and ENO13-15 (28–8 cm) suggested a certain preferential microbial synthesis of long chain saturated fatty acids from primary OM and/or bacterial activity, coinciding with a decrease in OM input, which could be linked to the global warming that started in the second half of the 19th century. In ENO13-7 the low OM input (low TOC) was accompanied by some bacterial degradation (predominance of HMW n-alkanoic acids but with a bimodal distribution) in the lowermost 16–5 cm. Evidence of considerable phytoplankton productivity and microbial activity was especially significant in Unit C (ca. 1980–2013 AD) identified in the uppermost part of all three cores (5 cm in ENO13-7, 4 cm in ENO13-10 and 8 cm in ENO13-15), coinciding with higher concentrations of n-alkanes and n-alkanoic acids, which were considered to be linked to warmer and drier conditions, as well as to greater anthropogenic influence in modern times. Plant sterols, such as β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol, were significantly present in the cores. In addition, fecal stanols, such as 24-ethylcoprostanol from herbivores, were present, thereby indicating a continuous and significant pollution input derived from these animals since the 17th century, being more important in the last 20 years

Lipid biomarkers in Lake Enol (Asturias, Northern Spain): Coupled natural and human induced environmental history

lipid biomarkers in lake enol (asturias, northern spain): coupled natural and human induced environmental history

cores lake enol picos europa park asturias northern spain studied. alkane terrigenous predominance alkanes uppermost predominance algae abundant alkane revealing defined. lowermost degradation predominance alkanoic correspondence predominant alkane alkanoic chains cold humid favored alkane alkanoic terrigenous wash bacterial activity. correspondence alkane alkanoic preferential microbial saturated fatty bacterial coinciding warming started century. accompanied bacterial degradation predominance alkanoic bimodal lowermost considerable phytoplankton productivity microbial uppermost cores coinciding alkanes alkanoic warmer drier anthropogenic modern times. sterols sitosterol campesterol stigmasterol cores. fecal stanols ethylcoprostanol herbivores thereby pollution century

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148759263

10.1016/j.srhc.2016.01.005

Recent literature suggests that Franz Carl Naegele’s (1778–1851) rule for estimating the date of delivery has been misinterpreted, resulting in this being brought forward by five days. Baskett and Nagele’s work underpinning this argument has become widely accepted and quoted in obstetrical and midwifery textbooks. However, our re-examination of Naegele’s original statements does not support the recent findings. On the contrary, the original textbooks of Naegele clearly advise taking the first day of menstruation for the calculation of the date of delivery

Naegele's rule revisited

naegele's rule revisited

franz carl naegele’s estimating delivery misinterpreted brought days. baskett nagele’s underpinning argument widely quoted obstetrical midwifery textbooks. examination naegele’s statements findings. contrary textbooks naegele advise menstruation delivery

exact_dup

159514689

10.1074/jbc.M115.678995

Producción CientíficaChanges in voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv channels) associate to proliferation in many cell types, including transfected HEK293 cells. In this system Kv1.5 overexpression decreases proliferation, whereas Kv1.3 expression increases it independently of K+ fluxes. To identify Kv1.3 domains involved in a proliferation-associated signaling mechanism(s), we constructed chimeric Kv1.3-Kv1.5 channels and point-mutant Kv1.3 channels, which were expressed as GFP- or cherry-fusion proteins. We studied their trafficking and functional expression, combining immunocytochemical and electrophysiological methods, and their impact on cell proliferation. We found that the C terminus is necessary for Kv1.3-induced proliferation. We distinguished two residues (Tyr-447 and Ser-459) whose mutation to alanine abolished proliferation. The insertion into Kv1.5 of a sequence comprising these two residues increased proliferation rate. Moreover, Kv1.3 voltage-dependent transitions from closed to open conformation induced MEK-ERK1/2-dependent Tyr-447 phosphorylation. We conclude that the mechanisms for Kv1.3-induced proliferation involve the accessibility of key docking sites at the C terminus. For one of these sites (Tyr-447) we demonstrated the contribution of MEK/ERK-dependent phosphorylation, which is regulated by voltage-induced conformational changes.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Instituto de Salud Carlos III y Programa Estatal de Investigación , Fundación Ramón Areces y Consejería de Sanidad de la Junta de Castilla y León

Molecular Determinants of Kv1.3 Potassium Channels-induced Proliferation

molecular determinants of kv1.3 potassium channels-induced proliferation

producción científicachanges potassium associate proliferation transfected cells. overexpression proliferation independently fluxes. proliferation chimeric cherry fusion proteins. trafficking combining immunocytochemical electrophysiological proliferation. terminus proliferation. distinguished mutation alanine abolished proliferation. insertion comprising proliferation rate. conformation phosphorylation. proliferation involve accessibility docking terminus. phosphorylation regulated conformational changes.ministerio economía competitividad mineco instituto salud carlos programa estatal investigación fundación ramón areces consejería sanidad junta castilla león

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18424423

10.1007/978-3-642-28249-2_3

Nowadays, there is a significant quantity of linguistic data available on the Web. However, linguistic resources are often published using proprietary formats and, as such, it can be difficult to interface with one another and they end up confined in “data silos”. The creation of web standards for the publishing of data on the Web and projects to create Linked Data have lead to interest in the creation of resources that can be published using Web principles. One of the most important aspects of “Lexical Linked Data” is the sharing of lexica and machine readable dictionaries. It is for this reason, that the lemon format has been proposed, which we briefly describe. We then consider two resources that seem ideal candidates for the Linked Data cloud, namely WordNet 3.0 and Wiktionary, a large document based dictionary. We discuss the challenges of converting both resources to lemon , and in particular for Wiktionary, the challenge of processing the mark-up, and handling inconsistencies and underspecification in the source material. Finally, we turn to the task of creating links between the two resources and present a novel algorithm for linking lexica as lexical Linked Data

Integrating WordNet and Wiktionary with lemon

integrating wordnet and wiktionary with lemon

nowadays quantity linguistic web. linguistic proprietary formats confined “data silos”. creation standards publishing projects create creation principles. “lexical data” sharing lexica machine readable dictionaries. lemon format briefly describe. seem ideal candidates wordnet wiktionary document dictionary. challenges converting lemon wiktionary challenge mark handling inconsistencies underspecification material. creating links linking lexica lexical

exact_dup

185413072

10.1080/20786204.2011.10874056

Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease that is characterised by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. Therefore, the diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) using central (axial) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and clinical evidence of a fragility fracture (history or radiological evidence). Osteoporosis is a major public health problem, affecting about 30% of postmenopausal women of Caucasian origin, and 70% of those aged 80 years. The risk factors for osteoporosis include lifestyle factors, genetic/ethnic factors, specific diseases causing secondary osteoporosis, ageing factors, qualitative factors, and drugs that are toxic to bone. In addition, there are specific additional risk factors for falls that need to be considered. It is well established that lifestyle factors, including physical activity, nutritional intervention, psychosocial intervention, smoking cessation and other lifestyle factor interventions are key elements in the prevention and management of osteoporosis. Guidelines for these lifestyle interventions in the prevention and management of osteoporosis are reviewed

Healthy lifestyle interventions in general practice Part 13: Lifestyle and osteoporosis

healthy lifestyle interventions in general practice part 13: lifestyle and osteoporosis

osteoporosis systemic skeletal characterised microarchitectural deterioration consequent fragility susceptibility fractures. osteoporosis mineral axial absorptiometry fragility fracture radiological osteoporosis affecting postmenopausal caucasian aged years. osteoporosis lifestyle ethnic causing osteoporosis ageing qualitative drugs toxic bone. falls considered. lifestyle nutritional psychosocial smoking cessation lifestyle interventions prevention osteoporosis. guidelines lifestyle interventions prevention osteoporosis reviewed

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189883880

10.1007/s13209-013-0102-6

In this study, we consider the role of a publicly owned platform and programme quality in the free-to-air broadcasting industry. We compare the equilibrium levels of advertising under private and mixed duopoly competition, and show that the connection between programme quality and advertising incentives is drastically different in each scenario. We also consider the welfare implications of our analysis and generate policy implications regarding the optimal level of government intervention in the broadcasting industry

The role of platform quality and publicly owned platforms in the free-to-air broadcasting industry

the role of platform quality and publicly owned platforms in the free-to-air broadcasting industry

publicly owned platform programme broadcasting industry. advertising private duopoly competition connection programme advertising incentives drastically scenario. welfare broadcasting

exact_dup

19126093

10.1007/s00018-006-6216-2

Abstract. Since 1990 it has been known that dimers are the basic functional form of nearly all G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and that homo- and heterodimerization may play a key role in correct receptor maturation and trafficking to the plasma membrane. Nevertheless, homo- and heterodimerization of GPCR has become a matter of debate especially in the search for the precise physiological meaning of this phenomenon. This article focuses on how heterodimerization of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, which are coupled to apparently opposite signalling pathways, allows adenosine to exert a fine-tuning modulation of striatal glutamatergic neurotransmission, providing a switch mechanism by which low and high concentrations of adenosine inhibit and stimulate, respectively, glutamate release.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-006-6216-

Heterodimeric adenosine receptors: a device to regulate neurotransmitter release

heterodimeric adenosine receptors: a device to regulate neurotransmitter release

abstract. dimers nearly receptors gpcrs homo heterodimerization maturation trafficking membrane. nevertheless homo heterodimerization gpcr debate precise physiological meaning phenomenon. focuses heterodimerization adenosine receptors apparently opposite signalling pathways adenosine exert fine tuning modulation striatal glutamatergic neurotransmission switch adenosine inhibit stimulate glutamate release.

exact_dup

19126106

10.1007/s00384-008-0576-z

Abstract Background and aims Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are preneoplastic lesions in animal models of colorectal cancer. The aim of the study is to investigate if ACF are involved in human colorectal carcinogenic process and if they can be helpful in predicting the presence of a colorectal neoplasia. Methods The study included, between 2003 and 2005, 182 patients, 62 with adenoma, 55 with colorectal carcinoma, 53 without colorectal lesions, and 12 with nonneoplastic mucosal polyps. The number of rectal ACF was determined by colonoscopy. Proliferation and apoptosis indexes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in rectal ACF, in normal rectal mucosa, and in carcinomatous tissue. Results The mean number of rectal ACF in patients with rectal neoplasia was 12.64, significantly higher than in patients with neoplastic lesions elsewhere in the colon (p?=?0.01). The apoptosis index in ACF of patients with colorectal carcinoma or adenoma aged 50 years or older was significantly lower than in younger patients (1.3% vs 2.7%, p?=?0.01) and, in patients with carcinoma, lower than in normal mucosa (1.1% vs 2.1%, p?=?0.002). The proliferation index was significantly higher in ACF of patients with colorectal neoplasia aged less than 50 years than in normal mucosa (10.9% vs 7.7%, p?=?0.02). The apoptosis index in ACF foci of patients with carcinoma (1.1%) was significantly lower than in patients without lesions (2.2%) and than in normal mucosa (2%). The mean number of ACF is significantly higher in patients with polyps larger than 1 cm (11.28 vs 6.27, p?=?0.02). Conclusion Aberrant crypt foci probably precede the appearance of neoplasia and may be helpful in predicting the presence of a colorectal neoplastic lesion.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-008-0576-

Aberrant crypt foci: endoscopic assessment and cell kinetics characterization

aberrant crypt foci: endoscopic assessment and cell kinetics characterization

aims aberrant crypt foci preneoplastic lesions colorectal cancer. colorectal carcinogenic helpful predicting colorectal neoplasia. adenoma colorectal carcinoma colorectal lesions nonneoplastic mucosal polyps. rectal colonoscopy. proliferation apoptosis indexes immunohistochemistry rectal rectal mucosa carcinomatous tissue. rectal rectal neoplasia neoplastic lesions elsewhere colon apoptosis colorectal carcinoma adenoma aged older younger carcinoma mucosa proliferation colorectal neoplasia aged mucosa apoptosis foci carcinoma lesions mucosa polyps aberrant crypt foci probably precede appearance neoplasia helpful predicting colorectal neoplastic lesion.

exact_dup

25348450

10.1103/PhysRevD.47.4546

The Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) theory has a global symmetry denoted by $G_L\otimes G_R$. In the standard gauged WZW theory, vector gauge fields (\ie\ with vector gauge couplings) are in the adjoint representation of the subgroup $H \subset G$. In this paper, we show that, in the conformal limit in two dimensions, there is a gauged WZW theory where the gauge fields are chiral and belong to the subgroups $H_L$ and $H_R$ where $H_L$ and $H_R$ can be different groups. In the special case where $H_L=H_R$, the theory is equivalent to vector gauged WZW theory. For general groups $H_L$ and $H_R$, an examination of the correlation functions (or more precisely, conformal blocks) shows that the chiral gauged WZW theory is equivalent to $(G/H)_L\otimes (G/H)_R$ coset models in conformal field theory. The equivalence of the vector gauged WZW theory and the corresponding $G/H$ coset theory then follows

Chiral Gauged WZW Theories and Coset Models in Conformal Field Theory

chiral gauged wzw theories and coset models in conformal field theory

wess zumino witten denoted otimes gauged couplings adjoint subgroup conformal gauged chiral belong subgroups groups. gauged theory. examination precisely conformal blocks chiral gauged otimes coset conformal theory. equivalence gauged coset

exact_dup

29137402

10.1063/1.4811696

In a context of the rising use of composite assemblies in aeronautic or defense fields, the assessment of their strength is a key issue. The method developed in this study attempts to provide solutions. A shock adhesion test based on short compressive loads, obtained by a high pulsed power generator, is proposed as a proof test to ensure the quality of composite bonded assemblies. A calibrated load induces a local tensile stress able to damage the bond interface. The high pulsed power source is the GEnerateur de Pression Isentropique device (Isentropic Pressure Generator), used to generate the required stresses, with a 450 ns pulse duration to test assemblies above the mm thickness range. The understanding of the mechanisms of wave propagation and tensile stress generation within these multilayer assemblies are scientific challenges. The ability of the technique to induce a tensile stress able to disbond the laminates and the assemblies is demonstrated. This paper details the response of carbon epoxy laminates and their bonded assemblies to a shock loading near the damage threshold

Shock adhesion test for composite bonded assembly using a high pulsed power generator

shock adhesion test for composite bonded assembly using a high pulsed power generator

rising composite assemblies aeronautic defense issue. attempts solutions. shock adhesion compressive loads pulsed generator ensure composite bonded assemblies. calibrated induces tensile bond interface. pulsed generateur pression isentropique isentropic generator stresses assemblies range. propagation tensile multilayer assemblies challenges. induce tensile disbond laminates assemblies demonstrated. epoxy laminates bonded assemblies shock loading

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29137643

10.1002/nme.4732

The use of cohesive zone models is an efficient way to treat the damage, especially when the crack path is known a priori. This is the case in the modeling of delamination in composite laminates. However, the simulations using cohesive zone models are expensive in a computational point of view. When using implicit time integration scheme or when solving static problems, the non-linearity related to the cohesive model requires many iterations before reaching convergence. In explicit approaches, the time step stability condition also requires an important number of iterations. In this article, a new approach based on a separated representation of the solution is proposed. The Proper Generalized Decomposition is used to build the solution. This technique, coupled with a cohesive zone model, allows a significant reduction of the computational cost. The results approximated with the PGD are very close to the ones obtained using the classical finite element approach

The proper generalized decomposition for the simulation of delamination using cohesive zone model

the proper generalized decomposition for the simulation of delamination using cohesive zone model

cohesive treat crack priori. delamination composite laminates. cohesive expensive view. implicit solving linearity cohesive iterations reaching convergence. iterations. separated proposed. proper decomposition build solution. cohesive cost. approximated

exact_dup

30340560

10.1007/s10869-013-9321-x

Purpose Addressing a gap in the current work–life balance (WLB) literature regarding individual-focused approaches to inform interventions, we elicited behaviors used to self-manage WLB to draw up a competency-based WLB framework for relevant learnable knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs; Hoffmann, Eur J Ind Train 23:275–285, 1999) and mapping this against extant WLB frameworks. Design/Methodology/Approach Our participants were from a major UK police force, which faces particular challenges to the work–life interface through job demands and organizational cutbacks, covering a range of operational job roles, including uniformed officers and civilian staff. We took a mixed methods approach starting with semi-structured interviews to elicit 134 distinct behaviors (n = 20) and used a subsequent card sort task (n = 10) to group these into categories into 12 behavioral themes; and finally undertook an online survey (n = 356) for an initial validation. Findings Item and content analysis reduced the behaviors to 58, which we analyzed further. A framework of eight competencies fits the data best; covering a range of strategies, including Boundary Management, Managing Flexibility, and Managing Expectations. Implications The WLB self-management KSAs elicited consist of a range of solution-focused behaviors and strategies, which could inform future WLB-focused interventions, showing how individuals may negotiate borders effectively in a specific environment. Originality/Value A competence-based approach to WLB self-management is new, and may extend existing frameworks such as Border Theory, highlighting a proactive and solution-focused element of effective behaviors

Work-life Balance in the Police: The Development of a Self-management Competency Framework

work-life balance in the police: the development of a self-management competency framework

addressing work–life balance focused inform interventions elicited behaviors manage draw competency learnable skills abilities ksas hoffmann train extant frameworks. methodology police faces challenges work–life demands organizational cutbacks covering operational roles uniformed officers civilian staff. took structured interviews elicit behaviors card sort categories behavioral themes undertook validation. item behaviors further. eight competencies fits covering managing flexibility managing expectations. ksas elicited consist focused behaviors inform focused interventions negotiate borders effectively environment. originality competence extend frameworks border highlighting proactive focused behaviors

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33173386

10.1016/j.eswa.2012.08.011

The AUTOPIA program has been working on the development of intelligent autonomous vehicles for the last 10 years. Its latest advances have focused on the development of cooperative manœuvres based on communications involving several vehicles. However, so far, these manœuvres have been tested only on private tracks that emulate urban environments. The first experiments with autonomous vehicles on real highways, in the framework of the grand cooperative driving challenge (GCDC) where several vehicles had to cooperate in order to perform cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC), are described. In this context, the main challenge was to translate, through fuzzy controllers, human driver experience to these scenarios. This communication describes the experiences deriving from this competition, specifically that concerning the controller and the system implemented in a Citröen C3

Cooperative controllers for highways based on human experience

cooperative controllers for highways based on human experience

autopia intelligent autonomous vehicles years. latest advances focused cooperative manœuvres communications involving vehicles. manœuvres private tracks emulate environments. autonomous vehicles highways grand cooperative driving challenge gcdc vehicles cooperate cooperative adaptive cruise cacc described. challenge translate fuzzy controllers driver scenarios. describes experiences deriving competition concerning controller implemented citröen

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33177232

10.1016/j.infsof.2014.01.009

Context: This research deals with requirements elicitation technique selection for software product requirements and the overselection of open interviews. Objectives: This paper proposes and validates a framework to help requirements engineers select the most adequate elicitation techniques at any time. Method: We have explored both the existing underlying theory and the results of empirical research to build the framework. Based on this, we have deduced and put together justified proposals about the framework components. We have also had to add information not found in theoretical or empirical sources. In these cases, we drew on our own experience and expertise. Results: A new validated approach for requirements technique selection. This new approach selects tech- niques other than open interview, offers a wider range of possible techniques and captures more require- ments information. Conclusions: The framework is easily extensible and changeable. Whenever any theoretical or empirical evidence for an attribute, technique or adequacy value is unearthed, the information can be easily added to the framework

Systematizing requirements elicitation technique selection

systematizing requirements elicitation technique selection

deals elicitation overselection interviews. objectives proposes validates engineers select adequate elicitation time. explored build framework. deduced justified proposals components. sources. drew expertise. validated selection. selects tech niques interview offers wider captures ments information. extensible changeable. whenever attribute adequacy unearthed

exact_dup

33452210

10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.08.004

The influence of different wind stress bulk formulae on the response of the Southern Ocean circulation to wind stress changes is investigated using an idealised channel model. Surface/mixed layer properties are found to be sensitive to the use of the relative wind stress formulation, where the wind stress depends on the difference between the ocean and atmosphere velocities. Previous work has highlighted the surface eddy damping effect of this formulation, which we find leads to increased circumpolar transport. Nevertheless the transport due to thermal wind shear does lose sensitivity to wind stress changes at sufficiently high wind stress. In contrast, the sensitivity of the meridional overturning circulation is broadly the same regardless of the bulk formula used due to the adiabatic nature of the relative wind stress damping. This is a consequence of the steepening of isopycnals offsetting the reduction in eddy diffusivity in their contribution to the eddy bolus overturning, as predicted using a residual mean framework

Sensitivity of Southern Ocean circulation to wind stress changes: Role of relative wind stress

sensitivity of southern ocean circulation to wind stress changes: role of relative wind stress

formulae southern ocean circulation idealised model. formulation ocean atmosphere velocities. highlighted eddy damping formulation circumpolar transport. nevertheless lose sufficiently stress. meridional overturning circulation broadly regardless adiabatic damping. steepening isopycnals offsetting eddy diffusivity eddy bolus overturning residual

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33635464

10.1016/j.dental.2015.04.020

OBJECTIVE: To assess the in vivo amount of BPA released from a visible light-cured orthodontic adhesive, immediately after bracket bonding.\ud METHODS: 20 orthodontic patients were recruited after obtaining informed consent. All patients received 24 orthodontic brackets in both dental arches. In Group A (11 patients), 25 ml of tap water were used for mouth rinsing, whereas in Group B (9 patients) a simulated mouth rinse formulation was used: a mixture of 20 ml de-ionized water plus 5 ml absolute ethanol. Rinsing solutions were collected before, immediately after placing the orthodontic appliances and after washing out the oral cavity and were then stored in glass tubes. Rinsing was performed in a single phase for 60s with the entire volume of each liquid. The BPA analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.\ud RESULTS: An increase in BPA concentration immediately after the 1st post-bonding rinse was observed, for both rinsing media, which was reduced after the 2nd post-bonding rinse. Water exhibited higher levels of BPA concentration than water/ethanol after 1st and 2nd post-bonding rinses. Two-way mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA showed that the primary null hypothesis declaring mean BPA concentration to be equal across rinsing medium and rinsing status was rejected (p-value <0.001). The main effects of the rinsing medium and status, as well as their interaction were found to be statistically significant (p-values 0.048, <0.001 and 0.011 respectively).\ud SIGNIFICANCE: A significant pattern of increase of BPA concentration, followed by a decrease that reached the initial values was observed. The amount of BPA was relatively low and far below the reference limits of tolerable daily intake

BPA qualtitative and quantitative assessment associated with orthodontic bonding in vivo

bpa qualtitative and quantitative assessment associated with orthodontic bonding in vivo

released visible cured orthodontic adhesive immediately bracket bonding. orthodontic recruited obtaining informed consent. orthodontic brackets dental arches. mouth rinsing mouth rinse formulation mixture ionized ethanol. rinsing immediately placing orthodontic appliances washing oral cavity stored glass tubes. rinsing liquid. chromatography spectrometry. immediately bonding rinse rinsing bonding rinse. exhibited ethanol bonding rinses. repeated anova declaring rinsing rinsing rejected rinsing statistically reached observed. tolerable intake

exact_dup

35089131

10.1007/JHEP07(2015)031

Collider experiments are one of the most promising ways to constrain Dark Matter (DM) interactions. For several types of DM-Standard Model couplings, a meaningful interpretation of the results requires to go beyond effective field theory, considering simplified models with light mediators. This is especially important in the case of loop-mediated interactions. In this paper we perform the first simplified model study of the magnetic dipole interacting DM, by including the one-loop momentum-dependent form factors that mediate the coupling — given by the Dark Penguin — in collider processes. We compute bounds from the monojet, monophoton, and diphoton searches at the 8 and 14 TeV LHC, and compare the results to those of direct and indirect detection experiments. Future searches at the 100 TeV hadron collider and at the ILC are also addressed. We find that the optimal search strategy requires loose cuts on the missing transverse energy, to capture the enhancement of the form factors near the threshold for on-shell production of the mediators. We consider both minimal models and models where an additional state beyond the DM is accessible. In the latter case, under the assumption of anarchic flavor structure in the dark sector, the LHC monophoton and diphoton searches will be able to set much stronger bounds than in the minimal scenario. A determination of the mass of the heavier dark fermion might be feasible using the M T 2 variable. In addition, if the Dark Penguin flavor structure is almost aligned with that of the DM mass, a displaced signal from the decay of the heavier dark fermion into the DM and photon can be observed. This allows us to set constraints on the mixings and couplings of the model from an existing search for non-pointing photons

The dark penguin shines light at colliders

the dark penguin shines light at colliders

collider promising ways constrain interactions. couplings meaningful simplified mediators. interactions. simplified dipole interacting mediate penguin collider processes. bounds monojet monophoton diphoton searches indirect experiments. searches hadron collider addressed. loose cuts missing capture enhancement mediators. accessible. anarchic flavor monophoton diphoton searches stronger bounds scenario. heavier fermion feasible variable. penguin flavor aligned displaced heavier fermion observed. mixings couplings pointing photons

exact_dup

35090687

10.1088/1475-7516/2015/04/035

We discuss the possible existence of features in both the primordial power spectrum and bispectrum generated during a stage of single field cosmic inflation. We argue that there are two main classes of features: those produced by a sudden time variation of the sound speed of curvature perturbations, and those produced by a sudden change in the expansion rate during inflation. The former are known to be produced by heavy fields, when the inflationary background trajectory in field space undergoes a bend, whereas the latter are known to be produced by features in the inflaton potential encountered as the inflaton field descends its slope. In general, features are expected to be the result of these two sources combined, however, it is possible that one source dominated over the other, resulting in a distinctive pattern that may be observationally tested. We deduce a relation that gives us the shape of features in the bispectrum provided that we know the shape of features in the power spectrum, and show that each one of these two classes of features leaves a particular footprint in the distribution of perturbations that could be uncovered by a joint analysis of the primordial power spectrum and bispectrum

Untangling features in the primordial spectra

untangling features in the primordial spectra

primordial bispectrum cosmic inflation. argue sudden sound curvature perturbations sudden inflation. former inflationary trajectory undergoes bend inflaton encountered inflaton descends slope. dominated distinctive observationally tested. deduce bispectrum leaves footprint perturbations uncovered primordial bispectrum

exact_dup

35091440

10.1088/1475-7516/2015/02/008

Slow-roll inflation requires the inflaton field to have an exceptionally flat potential, which combined with measurements of the scale of inflation demands some degree of fine-tuning. Alternatively, the flatness of the potential could be due to the inflaton's origin as a pseudo-Goldstone boson, as in Natural Inflation. Alas, consistency with Planck data places the original proposal of Natural Inflation in a tight spot, as it requires a trans-Planckian excursion of the inflaton. Although one can still tune the renormalizable potential to sub-Planckian values, higher order corrections from quantum gravity or sources of breaking of the Goldstone symmetry would ruin the predictivity of the model. In this paper we show how in more realistic models of Natural Inflation one could achieve inflation without a trans-Planckian excursion of the field. We show how a variant of Extra-natural inflation with bulk fermions can achieve the desired goal and discuss its four-dimensional duals. We also present a new type of four dimensional models inspired in Little Higgs and Composite Higgs models which can lead to sub-Planckian values of the inflaton field

Saving Natural Inflation

saving natural inflation

slow roll inflation inflaton exceptionally inflation demands fine tuning. alternatively flatness inflaton pseudo goldstone boson inflation. alas consistency planck places proposal inflation tight spot planckian excursion inflaton. tune renormalizable planckian breaking goldstone ruin predictivity model. realistic inflation inflation planckian excursion field. variant extra inflation fermions desired goal duals. inspired composite planckian inflaton

exact_dup

35091670

10.1007/JHEP09(2015)067

We take into account higher derivative R 4 corrections in M-theory and construct quantum black hole and black string solutions in 11 dimensions up to the next leading order. The quantum black string is stretching along the 11th direction and the Gregory-Laflamme instability is examined at the quantum level. Thermodynamics of the boosted quantum black hole and black string are also discussed. Especially we take the near horizon limit of the quantum black string and investigate its instability quantitatively

Boosted quantum black hole and black string in M-theory, and quantum correction to Gregory-Laflamme instability

boosted quantum black hole and black string in m-theory, and quantum correction to gregory-laflamme instability

order. stretching gregory laflamme instability level. thermodynamics boosted discussed. horizon instability quantitatively

exact_dup

35091699

10.1007/JHEP09(2015)040

We provide a unified description of fermion masses and mixing angles in the framework of a supersymmetric grand unified SO(10) model with anarchic Yukawa couplings of order unity. The space-time is five dimensional and the extra flat spatial dimension is compactified on the orbifold S 1 /( Z 2  ×  Z 2 ' ), leading to Pati-Salam gauge symmetry on the boundary where Yukawa interactions are localised. The gauge symmetry breaking is completed by means of a rather economic scalar sector, avoiding the doublet-triplet split-ting problem. The matter fields live in the bulk and their massless modes get exponential profiles, which naturally explain the mass hierarchy of the different fermion generations. Quarks and leptons properties are naturally reproduced by a mechanism, first proposed by Kitano and Li, that lifts the SO(10) degeneracy of bulk masses in terms of a single parameter. The model provides a realistic pattern of fermion masses and mixing angles for large values of tan β . It favours normally ordered neutrino mass spectrum with the lightest neutrino mass below 0 . 01 eV and no preference for leptonic CP violating phases. The right handed neutrino mass spectrum is very hierarchical and does not allow for thermal leptogenesis. We analyse several variants of the basic framework and find that the results concerning the fermion spectrum are remarkably stable

A realistic pattern of fermion masses from a five-dimensional SO(10) model

a realistic pattern of fermion masses from a five-dimensional so(10) model

unified fermion angles supersymmetric grand unified anarchic yukawa couplings unity. extra compactified orbifold pati salam yukawa localised. breaking completed avoiding doublet triplet split ting problem. live massless exponential naturally hierarchy fermion generations. quarks leptons naturally reproduced kitano lifts degeneracy parameter. realistic fermion angles favours normally ordered lightest preference leptonic violating phases. handed hierarchical leptogenesis. analyse variants concerning fermion remarkably

exact_dup

41129291

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.089

The present study aims at estimating the local and external sources of PM10 in a coastal semi-rural background site of Po Valley (Italy) using experimental data and different chemometric approaches. An improved application of the factor–cluster analysis (FCA) is here presented. A factor analysis on the elemental and water soluble inorganic ions composition of PM10 was first performed, to detect the most probable sources, then the application of the multi-linear regression analysis pointed out the most important: sea-spray contributed most to PM10 mass (24%), then secondary aerosol (21%), anthropogenic local pollution (13%) and combustions (8%). Samples with similar source profiles were then grouped using cluster analysis on the source contributions. Clusters interpreted on the basis of wind data and back-trajectory frequencies indicated the most probable origins, by discriminating local generation and long-range transport processes. An indirect estimation of the influence of local and external contributions to PM10 evidenced that PM10 regulatory limits are exceeded because of local weather conditions and external transport. A discriminant analysis was also carried out to check the performance of FCA in grouping samples and extracting further information on PM10 sources

A chemometric approach to determine local and regional sources of PM10 and its geochemical composition in a coastal area

a chemometric approach to determine local and regional sources of pm10 and its geochemical composition in a coastal area

aims estimating coastal rural valley chemometric approaches. factor–cluster presented. elemental soluble inorganic detect probable pointed spray contributed aerosol anthropogenic pollution combustions grouped contributions. interpreted trajectory probable origins discriminating processes. indirect evidenced regulatory exceeded weather transport. discriminant check grouping extracting

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43610157

10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.01.014

The helium and oxygen gas barrier properties of poly(lactide) were investigated as a function of stereochemistry and crystallinity degree. Poly(l-lactide) and poly(d,l-lactide) films were obtained by extrusion and thermally cold crystallized in either α′- or α-crystalline form with increasing crystallinity degree. Annealing of the films at low temperatures yielded to α′-crystals as well as the creation of a rigid amorphous fraction in the amorphous phase. Unexpectedly, the quantity of the rigid amorphous fraction was highest in poly(l-lactide) crystallized under α′-form. Unexpectedly, the gas permeability increased with increasing quantity of α′-crystals in poly(l-lactide) and remained constant with increasing quantity of α′-crystals in poly(d,l-lactide). A gain in gas barrier properties was obtained upon crystallization at higher temperatures yielding α-crystals. The analysis of the oxygen transport parameters, in particular the diffusion and the solubility coefficient showed that the diffusion was accelerated upon crystallization, while the solubility coefficient decreased in an expected manner which led to conclude that it remained constant in the amorphous phase. The acceleration of the diffusion seems to be correlated to the occurrence of the rigid amorphous fraction, which holds larger free volume. To conclude, for optimization of poly(lactide) gas barrier properties by focussing on the decrease of the diffusion coefficient it can be suggested to work with poly(d,l-lactide) and to aim a crystallization in α-form avoiding the formation of a rigid amorphous fraction

Impact of crystallinity of poly(lactide) on helium and oxygen barrier properties

impact of crystallinity of poly(lactide) on helium and oxygen barrier properties

helium barrier poly lactide stereochemistry crystallinity degree. poly lactide poly lactide films extrusion thermally cold crystallized crystalline crystallinity degree. annealing films yielded crystals creation rigid amorphous amorphous phase. unexpectedly quantity rigid amorphous poly lactide crystallized form. unexpectedly permeability quantity crystals poly lactide remained quantity crystals poly lactide barrier crystallization yielding crystals. solubility accelerated crystallization solubility manner remained amorphous phase. acceleration occurrence rigid amorphous volume. poly lactide barrier focussing poly lactide crystallization avoiding rigid amorphous

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47106228

10.1007/s00126-011-0361-8

International audienceIn the Rio Tinto district of the Iberian Pryrite Belt of South Spain, the weathering of massive sulfide bodies form iron caps, i.e., true gossans and their subsequent alteration and re-sedimentation has resulted in iron terraces, i.e., displaced gossans. To study the stucture and evolution of both types of gossans, magnetic investigations have been carried out with two foci: (1) the characterisation and spatial distribution of magnetic fabrics in different mineralised settings, including massive sulfides, gossans, and terraces, and (2) paleomagnetic dating. Hematite has been identified as the suceptibility carrier in all sites and magnetic fabric investigation of four gossans reveals a vertical variation from top to bottom, with: (1) a horizontal foliation refered to as "mature" fabric in the uppermost part of the primary gossans, (2) highly inclined or vertical foliation interpreted as "immature" fabric between the uppermost and lowermost parts, and (3) a vertical foliation interpreted to be inherited from Hercynian deformation in the lowermost part of the profiles. In terraces, a horizontal foliation dominates and is interpreted to be a "sedimentary" fabric. Rock magnetic studies of gossan samples have identified goethite as the magnetic remanence carrier for the low-temperature component, showing either a single direction close to the present Earth field (PEF) direction or random directions. Maghemite, hematite, and occasionally magnetite are the remanence carriers for the stable high-temperature component that is characterized by non PEF directions with both normal and reversed magnetic polarities. No reliable conclusion can be yet be drawn on the timing of terrace magnetization due to the small number of samples. In gossans, the polarity is reversed in the upper part and normal in the lower part. This vertical distribution with a negative reversal test suggests remanence formation during two distinct periods. Remanence in the upper parts of the gossans is older than in the lower parts, indicating that the alteration proceeded from top to bottom of the profiles. In the upper part, the older age and the horizontal "mature" fabric is interpreted to be a high maturation stage of massive sulfides' alteration. In the lower part, the age is younger and the inherited "imature" vertical Hercynian fabric indicates a weak maturation stage. These two distinct periods may reflect changes of paleoclimate, erosion, and/or tectonic motion

A case study of the internal structures of gossans and weathering processes in the Iberian Pyrite Belt using magnetic fabrics and paleomagnetic dating

a case study of the internal structures of gossans and weathering processes in the iberian pyrite belt using magnetic fabrics and paleomagnetic dating

audiencein tinto district iberian pryrite belt spain weathering massive sulfide bodies iron caps i.e. gossans alteration sedimentation resulted iron terraces i.e. displaced gossans. stucture gossans investigations foci characterisation fabrics mineralised settings massive sulfides gossans terraces paleomagnetic dating. hematite suceptibility carrier fabric gossans reveals foliation refered mature fabric uppermost gossans inclined foliation interpreted immature fabric uppermost lowermost foliation interpreted inherited hercynian deformation lowermost profiles. terraces foliation dominates interpreted sedimentary fabric. rock gossan goethite remanence carrier earth directions. maghemite hematite occasionally magnetite remanence carriers directions reversed polarities. reliable drawn timing terrace magnetization samples. gossans polarity reversed part. reversal remanence periods. remanence gossans older alteration proceeded profiles. older mature fabric interpreted maturation massive sulfides alteration. younger inherited imature hercynian fabric maturation stage. reflect paleoclimate erosion tectonic

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47119711

10.1097/ftd.0b013e318030839e

International audienceIndinavir plasma levels are associated with antiretroviral efficacy; however, little data are available regarding toxicity. We assessed the relationship between indinavir pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics and severe nephrolithiasis as well as other severe or serious adverse reactions. Patients included in the ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE cohort and receiving 800 mg indinavir three times daily as a first-line protease inhibitor were eligible for this study. To be included in the analysis, their plasma sample at month 1 (M1) had to be available (n = 282) to estimate using population PK modeling, indinavir PK characteristics, ie, maximum (Cmax) and trough plasma (Cres) concentrations, area under the curve (AUC), and observed/predicted concentration ratio (CR). A Cox model was used to estimate the independent effect of Cmax, Cres, AUC, and CR on the hazard of severe nephrolithiasis and serious adverse reactions. At M1, median Cmax was 6205 ng/mL, Cres 631 ng/mL, AUC 24,242 ng . h/mL, and CR 0.6. After a median follow up of 12 months, 11% of patients (30 of 282) had experienced at least one serious adverse reaction among which 12 were nephrolithiasis. In the multivariate analyses, early high indinavir Cres (ie, >/=1000 ng/mL at M1) was associated with a higher rate of severe nephrolithiasis (hazard ratio = 6.7; 95% confidence interval = 1.8-25.2; P < 0.01) and was also associated with a higher rate of all serious adverse reactions but only when nephrolithiasis were included among those cases. Prospective and early indinavir Cres determination should be recommended in the patient's care management and dosage adjustments

Indinavir trough concentration as a determinant of early nephrolithiasis in HIV-1-infected adults.

indinavir trough concentration as a determinant of early nephrolithiasis in hiv-1-infected adults.

audienceindinavir antiretroviral efficacy toxicity. indinavir pharmacokinetic nephrolithiasis serious adverse reactions. anrs aproco copilote cohort receiving indinavir protease inhibitor eligible study. month indinavir cmax trough cres cmax cres hazard nephrolithiasis serious adverse reactions. cmax cres experienced serious adverse nephrolithiasis. multivariate indinavir cres nephrolithiasis hazard confidence serious adverse nephrolithiasis cases. prospective indinavir cres recommended dosage adjustments

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47123650

10.1007/s00125-006-0449-3

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Beta cell development is sensitive to glucocorticoid levels. Although direct effects of glucocorticoids on pancreatic precursors have been shown to control beta cell mass expansion, indirect effects of these hormones on pancreatic development remain unexplored. This issue was addressed in mice lacking the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the whole organism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pancreatic phenotype of GR(null/null) mice was studied at fetal ages (embryonic day [E]) E15.5 and E18 by immunohistochemistry and beta cell fraction measurements. To distinguish between direct and indirect effects, mutant E15.5 fetal pancreata were grafted under the kidney capsule of immunodeficient mice and analysed after 1 week. RESULTS: E18 GR(null/null) fetuses had smaller digestive tracts and tiny pancreata. Massive pancreatic disorganisation and apoptosis were observed despite the presence of all cell types. E15.5 GR(null/null) mutants were indistinguishable from wild-type regarding pancreatic size, tissue structure and organisation, beta cell fraction and production of exocrine transcription factor Ptf1a, neurogenin 3 and Pdx-1. Grafting E15.5 GR(null/null) pancreata into a GR-expressing environment rescued the increased apoptosis and mature islets were observed, suggesting that GR(null/null) pancreatic cell death can be attributed to indirect effects of glucocorticoids on this tissue. Heterozygous GR(+/null) mutants with reduced GR numbers showed no apoptosis but increased beta cell fraction at E18 and the adult age, strengthening the importance of an accurate GR dosage on beta cell mass expansion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our results provide evidence for GR involvement in pancreatic tissue organisation and survival through indirect effects. GR does not appear necessary for early phases, but its accurate dosage is critical to modulate beta cell mass expansion at later fetal stages, presumably through direct effects

Glucocorticoid signalling affects pancreatic development through both direct and indirect effects. : Direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on pancreas

glucocorticoid signalling affects pancreatic development through both direct and indirect effects. : direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on pancreas

aims beta glucocorticoid levels. glucocorticoids pancreatic precursors beta indirect hormones pancreatic unexplored. addressed lacking glucocorticoid organism. pancreatic phenotype fetal ages embryonic immunohistochemistry beta measurements. distinguish indirect fetal pancreata grafted kidney capsule immunodeficient analysed week. fetuses digestive tracts tiny pancreata. massive pancreatic disorganisation apoptosis types. mutants indistinguishable pancreatic organisation beta exocrine neurogenin grafting pancreata expressing rescued apoptosis mature islets pancreatic attributed indirect glucocorticoids tissue. heterozygous mutants apoptosis beta strengthening dosage beta expansion. involvement pancreatic organisation indirect effects. dosage modulate beta fetal presumably

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47269783

10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.12.022

International audienceThis paper deals with the application of the Automatic Model-Based Approach (AMBA) over actual buildings subjected to real-world ambient vibrations. In a previous paper AMBA was developed with the aim of automating the estimation process of the modal parameters and minimizing the estimation error, especially that of the damping ratio. It is applicable over a single-channel record, has no parameters to be set, and no manual initialization phase. The results present in this paper should be regarded as further documentation of the approach over real-world ambient vibration signals

Frequency and damping ratio assessment of high-rise buildings using an Automatic Model-Based Approach applied to real-world ambient vibration recordings

frequency and damping ratio assessment of high-rise buildings using an automatic model-based approach applied to real-world ambient vibration recordings

audiencethis deals automatic amba buildings subjected ambient vibrations. amba automating modal minimizing damping ratio. applicable record manual initialization phase. regarded documentation ambient vibration

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47291106

10.1007/978-3-662-43459-8_6

Part 1: Creating ValueInternational audienceThis cross-national study evaluates the contingency of the relationship between ICT initiatives and public health outcomes on (1) education; (2) macro-economic stability and; (3) institutions. Resource Based View’s resource complementary perspective and literature on Information and Communication Technology and delivery of public health are used as the guiding theoretical framework. Publicly accessible archived data from more than 150 nations are collected to comprehend the interaction effect. Delivery of public health outcomes is measured through mortality rate (adult), availability of sanitation facilities, incidence of TB and under nourishment. The results indicated that ICT initiatives interact with above three contingencies affecting public health outcomes. Education level positively moderated the relationship between ICT and public health outcomes. Institutions moderated the relationship of ICT and public health outcomes in a positive direction. The moderating effect is measured using PLS. Implications of the findings for theoretical discourse of the resource complimentary perspective and future research are discussed

The Interaction Effect of Complimentary Assets on Relationship between Information and Communication Technology and Public Health Outcomes

the interaction effect of complimentary assets on relationship between information and communication technology and public health outcomes

creating valueinternational audiencethis evaluates contingency initiatives macro institutions. resource view’s resource complementary perspective delivery guiding framework. publicly accessible archived nations comprehend effect. delivery availability sanitation facilities incidence nourishment. initiatives interact contingencies affecting outcomes. positively moderated outcomes. institutions moderated direction. moderating pls. discourse resource complimentary perspective

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47345442

10.1007/978-3-319-10040-1_9

International audienceThe present study examines the ways in which French intermediate learners of Mandarin Chinese express motion events in the framework of event conflation proposed by Talmy (1985, 1991, 2000b). The procedure used is the analysis of an oral corpus of French L2 learners of Chinese and adult native Chinese and French speakers consisting of a verbal production task based on the wordless picture book " Frog, where are you? ". This analysis was carried out at three levels. At the conceptual level, the results reveal that L2 learners, like French L1 speakers, express more static and less dynamic relations than Chinese L1 speakers. At the semantic and linguistic levels, the results show that L2 learners' clauses were semantically less dense than those of Chinese L1 speakers; the former also express more Path and less Manner and Cause than the latter and the linguistic components chosen to express those semantic components are also different. These findings suggest that the difference between Chinese L1 speakers and L2 learners occurs at the conceptualization level (Levelt 1989)

How French Learners of Chinese L2 Express Motion Events in Narratives

how french learners of chinese l2 express motion events in narratives

audiencethe examines ways french learners mandarin chinese express conflation talmy oral corpus french learners chinese native chinese french speakers consisting verbal wordless picture book frog levels. conceptual reveal learners french speakers express chinese speakers. semantic linguistic learners clauses semantically dense chinese speakers former express manner linguistic express semantic different. chinese speakers learners conceptualization levelt

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47347543

10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_25

Part 5: Modelling and SimulationInternational audienceThe supply chain coordination has abstracted more and more attention from industries and academics. This paper studies a Bayesian combination forecasting model to integrate multiple forecasting resources and coordinate forecasting process among partners in retail supply chain. The simulation results based on the retail sales data show the effectiveness of this Bayesian combination forecasting model to coordinate the collaborative forecasting process. This Bayesian combination forecasting model can improve demand forecasting accuracy of supply chain

A Combining Forecasting Modeling and Its Application

a combining forecasting modeling and its application

simulationinternational audiencethe supply coordination abstracted industries academics. bayesian forecasting integrate forecasting coordinate forecasting partners retail supply chain. retail sales effectiveness bayesian forecasting coordinate collaborative forecasting process. bayesian forecasting forecasting supply

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47776710

10.1016/j.jecp.2006.12.003

The French language has a grammatical gender system in which all nouns are assigned either a masculine or a feminine gender. Nouns provide two types of gender cues that can potentially guide gender attribution: morphophonological cues carried by endings and semantic cues (natural gender). The first goal of this study was to describe the acquisition of the probabilistic system based on phonological oppositions on word endings by French-speaking children. The second goal was to explore the extent to which this system affects categorization. In the study, 3- to 9-year-olds assigned gender categorization to invented nouns whose endings were typically masculine, typically feminine, or neutral. Two response conditions were used. In the determiner condition, children indicated the gender class by orally providing the determiner un or une marked for gender. In the picture condition, responses were given by pointing to the picture of a Martian-like female or male person that would be best called by each spoken pseudoword. Results indicated that as young as 3 years, children associated the determiner corresponding to the ending bias at greater than chance levels. Ending-consistent performance increased from 3 to 9 years of age. Moreover, from 4 years of age onward, sensitivity to endings aVected categorization. Starting at that age, pictures were selected according to endings at greater than chance levels. This eVect also increased with age. The discussion deals with the mechanisms of language acquisition and the relation between language and cognition

The relation between language and cognition in children aged 3 to 9 : The acquisition of grammatical gender in French

the relation between language and cognition in children aged 3 to 9 : the acquisition of grammatical gender in french

french grammatical gender nouns assigned masculine feminine gender. nouns gender cues potentially guide gender attribution morphophonological cues endings semantic cues gender goal acquisition probabilistic phonological oppositions word endings french speaking children. goal explore affects categorization. olds assigned gender categorization invented nouns endings masculine feminine neutral. used. determiner gender orally determiner marked gender. picture pointing picture martian person spoken pseudoword. determiner ending chance levels. ending age. onward endings avected categorization. pictures endings chance levels. evect age. deals acquisition cognition

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47826479

10.1007/s11166-009-9066-0

International audienceThe main goal of the experimental study described in this paper is to investigate the sensitivity of probability weighting to the payoff structure of the gambling situation--namely the level of consequences at stake and the spacing between them--in the loss domain. For that purpose, three kinds of gambles are introduced: two kinds of homogeneous gambles (involving either small or large losses), and heterogeneous gambles involving both large and small losses. The findings suggest that at least for moderate/high probability of loss do both 'level' and 'spacing' effects reach significance, with the impact of 'spacing' being both opposite to and stronger than the impact of 'level'. As compared to small-loss gambles, large-loss gambles appear to enhance probabilistic optimism, while heterogeneous gambles tend to increase pessimism

Probability weighting and the 'level' and 'spacing' of outcomes: An experimental study over losses

probability weighting and the 'level' and 'spacing' of outcomes: an experimental study over losses

audiencethe goal weighting payoff gambling consequences stake spacing domain. kinds gambles kinds homogeneous gambles involving losses heterogeneous gambles involving losses. moderate spacing spacing opposite stronger gambles gambles enhance probabilistic optimism heterogeneous gambles tend pessimism

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47853824

10.1007/s10670-009-9185-7

In ‘Essential stuff' (2008) and ‘Stuff' (2009), Kristie Miller argues that two generally accepted theses, often formulated as follows, are incompatible: - (Temporal) mereological essentialism for stuff (or matter), the thesis that any portion of stuff has the same parts at every time it exists. - Stuff composition, the thesis that for any two portions of stuff, there exists a portion of stuff that is their mereological sum (or fusion). She does this by considering competing hypotheses about stuff, trying to prove inconsistency in all cases and with all corresponding understandings of mereological essentialism and stuff composition. I explain why, from an endurantist standpoint, her argument does not go through

Mereological essentialism, composition, and stuff: a reply to Kristie Miller

mereological essentialism, composition, and stuff: a reply to kristie miller

‘essential stuff ‘stuff kristie miller argues theses formulated incompatible mereological essentialism stuff thesis portion stuff exists. stuff thesis portions stuff portion stuff mereological fusion competing hypotheses stuff trying inconsistency understandings mereological essentialism stuff composition. endurantist standpoint argument

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48169255

10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.033

International audiencetVegetation is a major environmental factor influencing habitat selection in bird species. High resolutionmapping of vegetation cover is essential to model the distribution of populations and improve the man-agement of breeding habitats. However, the task is challenging for grassland birds because microhabitatvariations relevant at the territory scale cannot be measured continuously over large areas to delineateareas of higher suitability. Remote sensing may help to circumvent this problem. We addressed thisissue by using SPOT 5 imagery and phytosociological data. We mapped grassland vegetation in a flood-plain using two methods. We (i) mapped the continuous Ellenberg index of moisture and (ii) identified5 vegetation classes distributed across the wetness gradient. These two methods produced consistentoutput maps, but they also provided complementary results. Ellenberg index is a valuable proxy for soilmoisture while the class approach provided more information about vegetation structure, and possiblytrophic resources. In spite of the apparent uniformity of meadows, our data show that birds do not settlerandomly along the moisture and vegetation gradients. Overall birds tend to avoid the driest vegetationclasses, i.e. the highest grounds. Thus, vegetation maps based on remote sensing could be valuable toolsto study habitat selection and niche partition in grassland bird communities. It is also a valuable tool forconservation and habitat management

Vegetation maps based on remote sensing are informative predictors of habitat selection of grassland birds across a wetness gradient

vegetation maps based on remote sensing are informative predictors of habitat selection of grassland birds across a wetness gradient

audiencetvegetation influencing habitat bird species. resolutionmapping vegetation cover agement breeding habitats. challenging grassland birds microhabitatvariations territory continuously delineateareas suitability. remote sensing circumvent problem. addressed thisissue spot imagery phytosociological data. mapped grassland vegetation flood plain methods. mapped ellenberg moisture vegetation wetness gradient. consistentoutput complementary results. ellenberg valuable proxy soilmoisture vegetation possiblytrophic resources. spite apparent uniformity meadows birds settlerandomly moisture vegetation gradients. birds tend avoid driest vegetationclasses i.e. grounds. vegetation remote sensing valuable toolsto habitat niche partition grassland bird communities. valuable forconservation habitat

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48175879

10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.11.009

International audienceEcological studies need accurate environmental data such as vegetation characterization, landscape structure and organization, to predict and explain the spatial distribution of biodiversity. Few ecological studies use remote sensing data to assess the biophysical or structural properties of vegetation to understand species distribution. To date, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data have seldom been used for ecological applications. However, these sensors provide data allowing access to the inner structure of vegetation which is a key information in ecology. The objective of this article is to compare the predictive power of ecological habitat structure variables derived from a TerraSAR-X image, an aerial photographand a SPOT-5 image for species distribution. The test was run with a hedgerow network in Brittany and assessed the spatial distribution of the forest ground carabid beetles which inhabit these hedgerows. The results confirmed that radar and optical images can be indifferently used to extract hedgerow network and derived landscape metrics (hedgerow density, network grain) useful to explain the spatial distribution of forest carabid beetles. In comparison with passive optical remotely sensed data, VHSR SAR images provide new data to characterize vegetation structure and more particularly hedgerow canopy cover, a variable known to explain the spatial distribution of carabid beetles in an agricultural landscape, but not yet quantified at a fine scale. The hedgerow canopy cover derived from the SAR image is a strong predictor of the abundance of forest carabid beetles at two scales i.e., a local scale and a landscape scale

Assessing ecological habitat structure from local to landscape scales using synthetic aperture radar

assessing ecological habitat structure from local to landscape scales using synthetic aperture radar

audienceecological vegetation landscape predict biodiversity. ecological remote sensing biophysical vegetation distribution. synthetic aperture radar seldom ecological applications. sensors allowing vegetation ecology. predictive ecological habitat terrasar aerial photographand spot distribution. hedgerow brittany forest carabid beetles inhabit hedgerows. confirmed radar indifferently extract hedgerow landscape metrics hedgerow grain forest carabid beetles. passive remotely sensed vhsr characterize vegetation hedgerow canopy cover carabid beetles agricultural landscape quantified fine scale. hedgerow canopy cover predictor abundance forest carabid beetles i.e. landscape

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48187527

10.1016/j.crpv.2014.01.001

International audienceThe Chalonnes-sur-Loire outcrop is the most complete Llandovery section in the Ligerian domain (Armorican Massif, NW France); it displays a ca. 10 m-thick sequence of organic-rich black bedded cherts alternating with black graptolitic shales, which were deposited above glaciomarine diamictites of the Hirnantian glaciation. It is likely the black cherts accumulated under eutrophic waters, on the outer shelf part (distal offshore) of a Gondwanan margin, situated at intermediate to high latitudes of the Southern hemisphere. Hydrofluoric acid processing allowed the extraction of radiolarians; seven species are identified in the best preserved sample discovered so far. All seven are common species in tropical assemblages known from Alaska and Nevada, which are characteristic of the Orbiculopylorum assemblage, of Aeronian to early Telychian age. This age is in good agreement with independent age control from graptolites in the Chalonnes section, suggestive of an Aeronian age for the radiolarian-yielding level

A Lower Silurian (Aeronian) radiolarian assemblage from black cherts of the Armorican Massif (France)

a lower silurian (aeronian) radiolarian assemblage from black cherts of the armorican massif (france)

audiencethe chalonnes loire outcrop llandovery ligerian armorican massif displays thick bedded cherts alternating graptolitic shales deposited glaciomarine diamictites hirnantian glaciation. cherts accumulated eutrophic waters outer shelf distal offshore gondwanan margin situated latitudes southern hemisphere. hydrofluoric extraction radiolarians seven preserved discovered far. seven tropical assemblages alaska nevada orbiculopylorum assemblage aeronian telychian age. graptolites chalonnes suggestive aeronian radiolarian yielding

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48208224

10.1007/s11203-015-9115-z

International audienceThis article addresses the problem of supervised classification of Cox process trajectories, whose random intensity is driven by some exogenous random covariable. The classification task is achieved through a regularized convex empirical risk minimization procedure, and a nonasymptotic oracle inequality is derived. We show that the algorithm provides a Bayes-risk consistent classifier. Furthermore, it is proved that the classifier converges at a rate which adapts to the unknown regularity of the intensity process. Our results are obtained by taking advantage of martingale and stochastic calculus arguments, which are natural in this context and fully exploit the functional nature of the problem

Cox process functional learning

cox process functional learning

audiencethis addresses supervised trajectories exogenous covariable. regularized convex minimization nonasymptotic oracle inequality derived. bayes classifier. proved classifier converges adapts unknown regularity process. advantage martingale stochastic calculus arguments exploit

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48219389

10.1063/1.4731783

International audienceBand structure calculations of complete InAs monolayer in AlGaAs/GaAs quantum wells are performed within the framework of the extended-basis sp3d5s* tight-binding model. We show that the optical properties can be tuned from the quantum well energy below the GaAs band-gap depending on the well thickness and the position of the probe. The results are supported by differential reflectivity measurements and represent a concept for optoelectronic devices with an operation wavelength widely tuneable around 850 nm employing GaAs process technology

Optical properties of ultrathin InAs quantum-well-heterostructures

optical properties of ultrathin inas quantum-well-heterostructures

audienceband inas monolayer algaas gaas wells tight model. tuned gaas probe. reflectivity optoelectronic devices widely tuneable employing gaas

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48239614

10.1016/j.tsf.2009.02.055

International audienceThermal dependence of low frequency noise in low temperature (600°C) polysilicon thin film transistors is studied in devices biased from weak to moderate inversion and operating in the linear mode. Drain current noise spectral density, measured in the temperature range from 260K to 310K, is thermally activated following the Meyer Neldel rule. Analysis of the thermal activation of noise, supported by the theory of trapping/detrapping processes of carriers into oxide traps located close to the interface, leads to the calculation of the deep state interface distribution in function of the Meyer Neldel characteristic energy

THERMAL DEPENDENCE OF LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE IN POLYSILICON THIN FILM TRANSISTORS

thermal dependence of low-frequency noise in polysilicon thin film transistors

audiencethermal polysilicon film transistors devices biased moderate inversion operating mode. drain thermally meyer neldel rule. trapping detrapping carriers oxide traps meyer neldel

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