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From Bhagwad Gita => : Lord. Therefore one is originally transcendental to all the modes of material
nature. But when one forgets his relationship with the Supreme Personality of
Godhead and comes into contact with the material nature in conditional life,
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
he generates his own position by association with the different varieties of
material nature. The resultant artificial faith and existence are only material.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Although one may be conducted by some impression, or some conception of
life, originally he is nirguëa, or transcendental. Therefore one has to become
cleansed of the material contamination that he has acquired, in order to regain
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From Bhagwad Gita => : his relationship with the Supreme Lord. That is the only path back without
fear: Kåñëa consciousness. If one is situated in Kåñëa consciousness, then that
path is guaranteed for his elevation to the perfectional stage. If one does not
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From Bhagwad Gita => : take to this path of self-realization, then he is surely to be conducted by the
influence of the modes of nature.
The word çraddhä, or “faith,” is very significant in this verse. Çraddhä, or
faith, originally comes out of the mode of goodness. One’s faith may be in a
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From Bhagwad Gita => : demigod or some created God or some mental concoction. One’s strong faith is
supposed to be productive of works of material goodness. But in material
conditional life, no works are completely purified. They are mixed. They are
not in pure goodness. Pure goodness is transcendental; in purified goodness
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From Bhagwad Gita => : one can understand the real nature of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
As long as one’s faith is not completely in purified goodness, the faith is
subject to contamination by any of the modes of material nature. The
contaminated modes of material nature expand to the heart. Therefore
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From Bhagwad Gita => : according to the position of the heart in contact with a particular mode of
material nature, one’s faith is established. It should be understood that if one’s
heart is in the mode of goodness his faith is also in the mode of goodness. If his
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From Bhagwad Gita => : heart is in the mode of passion, his faith is also in the mode of passion. And if
his heart is in the mode of darkness, illusion, his faith is also thus
contaminated. Thus we find different types of faith in this world, and there
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From Bhagwad Gita => : are different types of religions due to different types of faith. The real
principle of religious faith is situated in the mode of pure goodness, but
because the heart is tainted we find different types of religious principles. Thus
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From Bhagwad Gita => : according to different types of faith, there are different kinds of worship.
TEXT 4
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
YaJaNTae Saaitvk-a devaNYa+ar+aa&iSa raJaSaa" )
Pa[eTaaN>aUTaGa<aa&êaNYae YaJaNTae TaaMaSaa JaNaa" )) 4 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : yajante sättvikä devän
yakña-rakñäàsi räjasäù
pretän bhüta-gaëäàç cänye
yajante tämasä janäù
SYNONYMS
yajante—worship; sättvikäù—those who are in the mode of goodness;
devän—demigods; yakña-rakñäàsi—demons; räjasäù—those who are in the
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From Bhagwad Gita => : mode of passion; pretän—spirits of the dead; bhüta-gaëän—ghosts; ca—and;
anye—others; yajante—worship; tämasäù—in the mode of ignorance;
janäù—people.
TRANSLATION
Men in the mode of goodness worship the demigods; those in the mode of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : passion worship the demons; and those in the mode of ignorance worship ghosts
and spirits.
PURPORT
In this verse the Supreme Personality of Godhead describes different kinds
of worshipers according to their external activities. According to scriptural
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From Bhagwad Gita => : injunction, only the Supreme Personality of Godhead is worshipable, but those
who are not very conversant with, or faithful to, the scriptural injunctions
worship different objects, according to their specific situations in the modes of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : material nature. Those who are situated in goodness generally worship the
demigods. The demigods include Brahmä, Çiva and others such as Indra,
Candra and the sun-god. There are various demigods. Those in goodness
worship a particular demigod for a particular purpose. Similarly, those who are
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From Bhagwad Gita => : in the mode of passion worship the demons. We recall that during the Second
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
World War a man in Calcutta worshiped Hitler because thanks to that war he
had amassed a large amount of wealth by dealing in the black market.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Similarly, those in the modes of passion and ignorance generally select a
powerful man to be God. They think that anyone can be worshiped as God
and that the same results will be obtained.
Now, it is clearly described here that those who are in the mode of passion
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From Bhagwad Gita => : worship and create such gods, and those who are in the mode of ignorance, in
darkness, worship dead spirits. Sometimes people worship at the tomb of some
dead man. Sexual service is also considered to be in the mode of darkness.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Similarly, in remote villages in India there are worshipers of ghosts. We have
seen that in India the lower-class people sometimes go to the forest, and if they
have knowledge that a ghost lives in a tree, they worship that tree and offer
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From Bhagwad Gita => : sacrifices. These different kinds of worship are not actually God worship. God
worship is for persons who are transcendentally situated in pure goodness. In
the Çrémad-Bhägavatam (4.3.23) it is said, sattvaà viçuddhaà
vasudeva-çabditam: “When a man is situated in pure goodness, he worships
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Väsudeva.” The purport is that those who are completely purified of the
material modes of nature and who are transcendentally situated can worship
the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
The impersonalists are supposed to be situated in the mode of goodness, and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : they worship five kinds of demigods. They worship the impersonal Viñëu form
in the material world, which is known as philosophized Viñëu. Viñëu is the
expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but the impersonalists,
because they do not ultimately believe in the Supreme Personality of Godhead,
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From Bhagwad Gita => : imagine that the Viñëu form is just another aspect of the impersonal Brahman;
similarly, they imagine that Lord Brahmä is the impersonal form in the
material mode of passion. Thus they sometimes describe five kinds of gods that
are worshipable, but because they think that the actual truth is impersonal
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Brahman, they dispose of all worshipable objects at the ultimate end. In
conclusion, the different qualities of the material modes of nature can be
purified through association with persons who are of transcendental nature.
TEXTS 5–6
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
AXaañivihTa& gaaer& TaPYaNTae Yae TaPaae JaNaa" )
dM>aahªarSa&Yau¢-a" k-aMaraGabl/aiNvTaa" )) 5 ))
k-zRYaNTa" XarqrSQa& >aUTaGa]aMaMaceTaSa" )
Maa& cEvaNTa" XarqrSQa& TaaiNvÖyaSauriNaêYaaNa( )) 6 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : açästra-vihitaà ghoraà
tapyante ye tapo janäù
dambhähaìkära-saàyuktäù
käma-räga-balänvitäù
karñayantaù çaréra-sthaà
bhüta-grämam acetasaù
mäà caiväntaù çaréra-sthaà
tän viddhy äsura-niçcayän
SYNONYMS
açästra—not in the scriptures; vihitam—directed; ghoram—harmful to others;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : tapyante—undergo; ye—those who; tapaù—austerities; janäù—persons;
dambha—with pride; ahaìkära—and egoism; saàyuktäù—engaged; käma—of
lust; räga—and attachment; bala—by the force; anvitäù—impelled;
karñayantaù—tormenting; çaréra-stham—situated within the body;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : bhüta-grämam—the combination of material elements; acetasaù—having a
misled mentality; mäm—Me; ca—also; eva—certainly; antaù—within;
çaréra-stham—situated in the body; tän—them; viddhi—understand;
äsura-niçcayän—demons.
TRANSLATION
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Those who undergo severe austerities and penances not recommended in the
scriptures, performing them out of pride and egoism, who are impelled by lust
and attachment, who are foolish and who torture the material elements of the
body as well as the Supersoul dwelling within, are to be known as demons.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
PURPORT
There are persons who manufacture modes of austerity and penance which
are not mentioned in the scriptural injunctions. For instance, fasting for some
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ulterior purpose, such as to promote a purely political end, is not mentioned in
the scriptural directions. The scriptures recommend fasting for spiritual
advancement, not for some political end or social purpose. Persons who take to
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From Bhagwad Gita => : such austerities are, according to Bhagavad-gétä, certainly demoniac. Their acts
are against the scriptural injunctions and are not beneficial for the people in
general. Actually, they act out of pride, false ego, lust and attachment for
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From Bhagwad Gita => : material enjoyment. By such activities, not only is the combination of material
elements of which the body is constructed disturbed, but also the Supreme
Personality of Godhead Himself living within the body. Such unauthorized
fasting or austerities for some political end are certainly very disturbing to
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From Bhagwad Gita => : others. They are not mentioned in the Vedic literature. A demoniac person
may think that he can force his enemy or other parties to comply with his
desire by this method, but sometimes one dies by such fasting. These acts are
not approved by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and He says that those
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From Bhagwad Gita => : who engage in them are demons. Such demonstrations are insults to the
Supreme Personality of Godhead because they are enacted in disobedience to
the Vedic scriptural injunctions. The word acetasaù is significant in this
connection. Persons of normal mental condition must obey the scriptural
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From Bhagwad Gita => : injunctions. Those who are not in such a position neglect and disobey the
scriptures and manufacture their own way of austerities and penances. One
should always remember the ultimate end of the demoniac people, as described
in the previous chapter. The Lord forces them to take birth in the wombs of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : demoniac persons. Consequently they will live by demoniac principles life
after life without knowing their relationship with the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. If, however, such persons are fortunate enough to be guided by a
spiritual master who can direct them to the path of Vedic wisdom, they can get
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From Bhagwad Gita => : out of this entanglement and ultimately achieve the supreme goal.
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
TEXT 7
AaharSTviPa SavRSYa i}aivDaae >aviTa iPa[Ya" )
YajSTaPaSTaQaa daNa& Taeza& >aediMaMa& é*<au )) 7 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ähäras tv api sarvasya
tri-vidho bhavati priyaù
yajïas tapas tathä dänaà
teñäà bhedam imaà çåëu
SYNONYMS
ähäraù—eating; tu—certainly; api—also; sarvasya—of everyone;
tri-vidhaù—of three kinds; bhavati—there is; priyaù—dear; yajïaù—sacrifice;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : tapaù—austerity; tathä—also; dänam—charity; teñäm—of them; bhedam—the
differences; imam—this; çåëu—hear.
TRANSLATION
Even the food each person prefers is of three kinds, according to the three
modes of material nature. The same is true of sacrifices, austerities and charity.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Now hear of the distinctions between them.
PURPORT
In terms of different situations in the modes of material nature, there are
differences in the manner of eating and performing sacrifices, austerities and
charities. They are not all conducted on the same level. Those who can
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From Bhagwad Gita => : understand analytically what kind of performances are in what modes of
material nature are actually wise; those who consider all kinds of sacrifice or
food or charity to be the same cannot discriminate, and they are foolish. There
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From Bhagwad Gita => : are missionary workers who advocate that one can do whatever he likes and
attain perfection. But these foolish guides are not acting according to the
direction of the scripture. They are manufacturing ways and misleading the
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : people in general.
TEXT 8
AaYau"Satvbl/araeGYaSau%Pa[qiTaivvDaRNaa" )
rSYaa" iòGDaa" iSQara ôÛa Aahara" Saaitvk-iPa[Yaa" )) 8 ))
äyuù-sattva-balärogyasukha-préti-vivardhanäù
rasyäù snigdhäù sthirä hådyä
ähäräù sättvika-priyäù
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From Bhagwad Gita => : SYNONYMS
äyuù—duration of life; sattva—existence; bala—strength; ärogya—health;
sukha—happiness; préti—and satisfaction; vivardhanäù—increasing;
rasyäù—juicy; snigdhäù—fatty; sthiräù—enduring; hådyäù—pleasing to the
heart; ähäräù—food; sättvika—to one in goodness; priyäù—palatable.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TRANSLATION
Foods dear to those in the mode of goodness increase the duration of life,
purify one’s existence and give strength, health, happiness and satisfaction.
Such foods are juicy, fatty, wholesome, and pleasing to the heart.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TEXT 9
k-Èãl/v<aaTYauZ<aTaq+<aæ+aivdaihNa" )
Aahara raJaSaSYaeía du"%Xaaek-aMaYaPa[da" )) 9 ))
kaöv-amla-lavaëäty-uñëatékñëa-rükña-vidähinaù
ähärä räjasasyeñöä
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : duùkha-çokämaya-pradäù
SYNONYMS
kaöu—bitter; amla—sour; lavaëa—salty; ati-uñëa—very hot; tékñëa—pungent;
rükña—dry; vidähinaù—burning; ähäräù—food; räjasasya—to one in the mode
of passion; iñöäù—palatable; duùkha—distress; çoka—misery; ämaya—disease;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : pradäù—causing.
TRANSLATION
Foods that are too bitter, too sour, salty, hot, pungent, dry and burning are
dear to those in the mode of passion. Such foods cause distress, misery and
disease.
TEXT 10
YaaTaYaaMa& GaTarSa& PaUiTa PaYauRizTa& c YaTa( )
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From Bhagwad Gita => : oiC^íMaiPa caMaeDYa& >aaeJaNa& TaaMaSaiPa[YaMa( )) 10 ))
yäta-yämaà gata-rasaà
püti paryuñitaà ca yat
ucchiñöam api cämedhyaà
bhojanaà tämasa-priyam
SYNONYMS
yäta-yämam—food cooked three hours before being eaten;
gata-rasam—tasteless; püti—bad-smelling; paryuñitam—decomposed; ca—also;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : yat—that which; ucchiñöam—remnants of food eaten by others; api—also;
ca—and; amedhyam—untouchable; bhojanam—eating; tämasa—to one in the
mode of darkness; priyam—dear.
TRANSLATION
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Food prepared more than three hours before being eaten, food that is
tasteless, decomposed and putrid, and food consisting of remnants and
untouchable things is dear to those in the mode of darkness.
PURPORT
The purpose of food is to increase the duration of life, purify the mind and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : aid bodily strength. This is its only purpose. In the past, great authorities
selected those foods that best aid health and increase life’s duration, such as
milk products, sugar, rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables. These foods are very
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From Bhagwad Gita => : dear to those in the mode of goodness. Some other foods, such as baked corn
and molasses, while not very palatable in themselves, can be made pleasant
when mixed with milk or other foods. They are then in the mode of goodness.
All these foods are pure by nature. They are quite distinct from untouchable
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From Bhagwad Gita => : things like meat and liquor. Fatty foods, as mentioned in the eighth verse, have
no connection with animal fat obtained by slaughter. Animal fat is available in
the form of milk, which is the most wonderful of all foods. Milk, butter, cheese
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From Bhagwad Gita => : and similar products give animal fat in a form which rules out any need for the
killing of innocent creatures. It is only through brute mentality that this
killing goes on. The civilized method of obtaining needed fat is by milk.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Slaughter is the way of subhumans. Protein is amply available through split
peas, däl, whole wheat, etc.
Foods in the mode of passion, which are bitter, too salty, or too hot or
overly mixed with red pepper, cause misery by reducing the mucus in the
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From Bhagwad Gita => : stomach, leading to disease. Foods in the mode of ignorance or darkness are
essentially those that are not fresh. Any food cooked more than three hours
before it is eaten (except prasädam, food offered to the Lord) is considered to
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From Bhagwad Gita => : be in the mode of darkness. Because they are decomposing, such foods give a
bad odor, which often attracts people in this mode but repulses those in the
mode of goodness.
Remnants of food may be eaten only when they are part of a meal that was
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From Bhagwad Gita => : first offered to the Supreme Lord or first eaten by saintly persons, especially
the spiritual master. Otherwise the remnants of food are considered to be in
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : the mode of darkness, and they increase infection or disease. Such foodstuffs,
although very palatable to persons in the mode of darkness, are neither liked
nor even touched by those in the mode of goodness. The best food is the
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From Bhagwad Gita => : remnants of what is offered to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In
Bhagavad-gétä the Supreme Lord says that He accepts preparations of
vegetables, flour and milk when offered with devotion. Patraà puñpaà phalaà
toyam. Of course, devotion and love are the chief things which the Supreme
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Personality of Godhead accepts. But it is also mentioned that the prasädam
should be prepared in a particular way. Any food prepared by the injunctions
of the scripture and offered to the Supreme Personality of Godhead can be
taken even if prepared long, long ago, because such food is transcendental.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Therefore to make food antiseptic, eatable and palatable for all persons, one
should offer food to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
TEXT 11
Af-l/ak-ax(i+ai>aYaRjae iviDad*íae Ya wJYaTae )
YaíVYaMaeveiTa MaNa" SaMaaDaaYa Sa Saaitvk-" )) 11 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : aphaläkäìkñibhir yajïo
vidhi-diñöo ya ijyate
yañöavyam eveti manaù
samädhäya sa sättvikaù
SYNONYMS
aphala-äkäìkñibhiù—by those devoid of desire for result; yajïaù—sacrifice;
vidhi-diñöaù—according to the direction of scripture; yaù—which; ijyate—is
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From Bhagwad Gita => : performed; yañöavyam—must be performed; eva—certainly; iti—thus;
manaù—mind; samädhäya—fixing; saù—it; sättvikaù—in the mode of
goodness.
TRANSLATION
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
Of sacrifices, the sacrifice performed according to the directions of scripture,
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From Bhagwad Gita => : as a matter of duty, by those who desire no reward, is of the nature of goodness.
PURPORT
The general tendency is to offer sacrifice with some purpose in mind, but
here it is stated that sacrifice should be performed without any such desire. It
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From Bhagwad Gita => : should be done as a matter of duty. Take, for example, the performance of
rituals in temples or in churches. Generally they are performed with the
purpose of material benefit, but that is not in the mode of goodness. One
should go to a temple or church as a matter of duty, offer respect to the
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Supreme Personality of Godhead and offer flowers and eatables. Everyone
thinks that there is no use in going to the temple just to worship God. But
worship for economic benefit is not recommended in the scriptural
injunctions. One should go simply to offer respect to the Deity. That will place
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From Bhagwad Gita => : one in the mode of goodness. It is the duty of every civilized man to obey the
injunctions of the scriptures and offer respect to the Supreme Personality of
Godhead.
TEXT 12
Ai>aSaNDaaYa Tau f-l&/ dM>aaQaRMaiPa cEv YaTa( )
wJYaTae >arTaé[eï Ta& Yaj& iviÖ raJaSaMa( )) 12 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : abhisandhäya tu phalaà
dambhärtham api caiva yat
ijyate bharata-çreñöha
taà yajïaà viddhi räjasam
SYNONYMS
abhisandhäya—desiring; tu—but; phalam—the result; dambha—pride;
artham—for the sake of; api—also; ca—and; eva—certainly; yat—that which;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
ijyate—is performed; bharata-çreñöha—O chief of the Bhäratas; tam—that;
yajïam—sacrifice; viddhi—know; räjasam—in the mode of passion.
TRANSLATION
But the sacrifice performed for some material benefit, or for the sake of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : pride, O chief of the Bhäratas, you should know to be in the mode of passion.
PURPORT
Sometimes sacrifices and rituals are performed for elevation to the
heavenly kingdom or for some material benefits in this world. Such sacrifices
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From Bhagwad Gita => : or ritualistic performances are considered to be in the mode of passion.
TEXT 13
iviDahqNaMaSa*íaà& MaN}ahqNaMadi+a<aMa( )
é[ÖaivrihTa& Yaj& TaaMaSa& Pairc+aTae )) 13 ))
vidhi-hénam asåñöännaà
mantra-hénam adakñiëam
çraddhä-virahitaà yajïaà
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From Bhagwad Gita => : tämasaà paricakñate
SYNONYMS
vidhi-hénam—without scriptural direction; asåñöa-annam—without
distribution of prasädam; mantra-hénam—with no chanting of the Vedic
hymns; adakñiëam—with no remunerations to the priests; çraddhä—faith;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : virahitam—without; yajïam—sacrifice; tämasam—in the mode of ignorance;
paricakñate—is to be considered.
TRANSLATION
Any sacrifice performed without regard for the directions of scripture,
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : without distribution of prasädam [spiritual food], without chanting of Vedic
hymns and remunerations to the priests, and without faith is considered to be in
the mode of ignorance.
PURPORT
Faith in the mode of darkness or ignorance is actually faithlessness.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Sometimes people worship some demigod just to make money and then spend
the money for recreation, ignoring the scriptural injunctions. Such ceremonial
shows of religiosity are not accepted as genuine. They are all in the mode of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : darkness; they produce a demoniac mentality and do not benefit human
society.
TEXT 14
deviÜJaGauåPa[ajPaUJaNa& XaaEcMaaJaRvMa( )
b]øcYaRMaih&Saa c Xaarqr& TaPa oCYaTae )) 14 ))
deva-dvija-guru-präjïapüjanaà çaucam ärjavam
brahmacaryam ahiàsä ca
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From Bhagwad Gita => : çäréraà tapa ucyate
SYNONYMS
deva—of the Supreme Lord; dvija—the brähmaëas; guru—the spiritual master;
präjïa—and worshipable personalities; püjanam—worship;
çaucam—cleanliness; ärjavam—simplicity; brahmacaryam—celibacy;
ahiàsä—nonviolence; ca—also; çäréram—pertaining to the body;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : tapaù—austerity; ucyate—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
Austerity of the body consists in worship of the Supreme Lord, the
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
brähmaëas, the spiritual master, and superiors like the father and mother, and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : in cleanliness, simplicity, celibacy and nonviolence.
PURPORT
The Supreme Godhead here explains the different kinds of austerity and
penance. First He explains the austerities and penances practiced by the body.
One should offer, or learn to offer, respect to God or to the demigods, the
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From Bhagwad Gita => : perfect, qualified brähmaëas and the spiritual master and superiors like father,
mother or any person who is conversant with Vedic knowledge. These should
be given proper respect. One should practice cleansing oneself externally and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : internally, and he should learn to become simple in behavior. He should not do
anything which is not sanctioned by the scriptural injunctions. He should not
indulge in sex outside of married life, for sex is sanctioned in the scripture only
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From Bhagwad Gita => : in marriage, not otherwise. This is called celibacy. These are penances and
austerities as far as the body is concerned.
TEXT 15
ANauÜeGak-r& vaKYa& SaTYa& iPa[YaihTa& c YaTa( )
SvaDYaaYaa>YaSaNa& cEv vax(MaYa& TaPa oCYaTae )) 15 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : anudvega-karaà väkyaà
satyaà priya-hitaà ca yat
svädhyäyäbhyasanaà caiva
väì-mayaà tapa ucyate
SYNONYMS
anudvega-karam—not agitating; väkyam—words; satyam—truthful;
priya—dear; hitam—beneficial; ca—also; yat—which; svädhyäya—of Vedic
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From Bhagwad Gita => : study; abhyasanam—practice; ca—also; eva—certainly; väk-mayam—of the
voice; tapaù—austerity; ucyate—is said to be.
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
TRANSLATION
Austerity of speech consists in speaking words that are truthful, pleasing,
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From Bhagwad Gita => : beneficial, and not agitating to others, and also in regularly reciting Vedic
literature.
PURPORT
One should not speak in such a way as to agitate the minds of others. Of
course, when a teacher speaks, he can speak the truth for the instruction of his
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From Bhagwad Gita => : students, but such a teacher should not speak to those who are not his students
if he will agitate their minds. This is penance as far as talking is concerned.
Besides that, one should not talk nonsense. The process of speaking in spiritual
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From Bhagwad Gita => : circles is to say something upheld by the scriptures. One should at once quote
from scriptural authority to back up what he is saying. At the same time, such
talk should be very pleasurable to the ear. By such discussions, one may derive
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From Bhagwad Gita => : the highest benefit and elevate human society. There is a limitless stock of
Vedic literature, and one should study this. This is called penance of speech.
TEXT 16
MaNa"Pa[Saad" SaaEMYaTv& MaaENaMaaTMaiviNaGa]h" )
>aavSa&éuiÖirTYaeTataPaae MaaNaSaMauCYaTae )) 16 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : manaù-prasädaù saumyatvaà
maunam ätma-vinigrahaù
bhäva-saàçuddhir ity etat
tapo mänasam ucyate
SYNONYMS
manaù-prasädaù—satisfaction of the mind; saumyatvam—being without
duplicity towards others; maunam—gravity; ätma—of the self;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
vinigrahaù—control; bhäva—of one’s nature; saàçuddhiù—purification;
iti—thus; etat—this; tapaù—austerity; mänasam—of the mind; ucyate—is said
to be.
TRANSLATION
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From Bhagwad Gita => : And satisfaction, simplicity, gravity, self-control and purification of one’s
existence are the austerities of the mind.
PURPORT
To make the mind austere is to detach it from sense gratification. It should
be so trained that it can be always thinking of doing good for others. The best
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From Bhagwad Gita => : training for the mind is gravity in thought. One should not deviate from Kåñëa
consciousness and must always avoid sense gratification. To purify one’s nature
is to become Kåñëa conscious. Satisfaction of the mind can be obtained only by
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From Bhagwad Gita => : taking the mind away from thoughts of sense enjoyment. The more we think
of sense enjoyment, the more the mind becomes dissatisfied. In the present age
we unnecessarily engage the mind in so many different ways for sense
gratification, and so there is no possibility of the mind’s becoming satisfied.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : The best course is to divert the mind to the Vedic literature, which is full of
satisfying stories, as in the Puräëas and the Mahäbhärata. One can take
advantage of this knowledge and thus become purified. The mind should be
devoid of duplicity, and one should think of the welfare of all. Silence means
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From Bhagwad Gita => : that one is always thinking of self-realization. The person in Kåñëa
consciousness observes perfect silence in this sense. Control of the mind
means detaching the mind from sense enjoyment. One should be
straightforward in his dealings and thereby purify his existence. All these
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From Bhagwad Gita => : qualities together constitute austerity in mental activities.
TEXT 17
é[ÖYaa ParYaa Taá& TaPaSTaiT}aivDa& NarE" )
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
Af-l/ak-ax(i+ai>aYauR¢E-" Saaitvk&- Pairc+aTae )) 17 ))
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