Презентація на тему «British influence in the global development of science»

content: British influence in the global development of science

content: British influence in the global development of science

content: to poke out – виглядати, висовуватись;virtually [ˈvɜːtʃʊəlɪ] – фактично, практично;human endeavor [ɪnˈdɛvə] – людська діяльність;motion – рух;gravity [ˈɡrævɪtɪ] – сила тяжіння;DNA – ДНК;application [plɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] – програми;persued by people – проведені людьми, «переслідувані» людьми;controversial [kɒntrəˈvːɜʃ(ə)l] – спірний, дискусійний;regard to – щодо, відноситись до;to lay the foundation - закладати фундамент;force – сила;the forces acting upon[əˈpɒn] - сили, що діють на ;influential [ɪnflʊˈɛnʃ(ə)l] – впливовий;in response to – у відповідь ;polymath [ˈpɒlɪmæɒ] – ерудит;via [ˈvaɪə] – через;immense [ɪˈmɛns] – величезний, колосальний;cargo [ˈkɑːɡəʊ] – вантаж;vicinity [vɪˈsɪnɪtɪ] – навколишній район, прилеглий район;directly [d(a)ɪˈrɛktlɪ] – відразу, негайно;simultaneously [sɪm(ə)lˈteɪnɪəslɪ] – оддночасно, синхронно;audible [ˈɔːdɪb(ə)l] – звуковий;the incandescent light bulb – лампа розжарювання;relativity [rɛləˈtɪvɪtɪ] - теорія відносності;equation [ɪˈkweɪʒ(ə)n] – рівняння;subsequent [ˈsʌbsɪkwənt] – наступний, подальший;breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] – прорив;citation [saɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n] – цитування, посилання (на автора);

content: 7 British Inventions

content: Newton's Laws

content: Programmable Computer

content: World Wide Web

content: Television

content: Steam Locomotive

content: Theory of Evolution

content: Telephone

content: Important advances made by people from the UKThere are many others major theories, discoveries and applications advanced by scientists from the Great Britain.

content: The discovery of hydrogen, by Henry Cavendish (1731–1810).

content: The electric motor, by Michael Faraday (1771–1867), who largely made electricity viable for use in technology.

content: The theory of aerodynamics, by Sir George Cayley (1773–1857).

content: The first commercial electrical telegraph, co-invented by Sir William Fothergill Cooke (1806–79) and Charles Wheatstone (1802–75).

content: The invention of the incandescent light bulb, by Joseph Swan (1826–1914).

content: The unification of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell (1831–79).

content: The discovery of penicillin, by biologist and pharmacologist, Sir Alexander Fleming (1881–1955).

content: The first meaningful synthesis of quantum mechanics with special relativity by Paul Dirac (1902–84) in the equation named after him, and his subsequent prediction of antimatter.

content: The invention of the jet engine, by Frank Whittle (1907–96).

content: The invention of the hovercraft, by Christopher Cockerell (1910–99).

content: The structure of DNA, by Francis Crick (1916–2004) and others.

content: The theoretical breakthrough of the Higgs mechanism to explain electroweak symmetry breaking and why some particles have mass, by Peter Higgs (1929-).

content: Theories in cosmology, quantum gravity and black holes, by Stephen Hawking (1942–).

content: To sum-up, nowadays, The UK has the most productive research base amongst the G7 (Group of Seven) and other leading research nations. The UK accounts for 3.2% of global expenditure on research and development and has less than 1% of the world's population, but produces:•t6.4% of global journal articles•t11.6% citations•t15.8% of the world's most highly-cited articles.