Презентація на тему «Nouns in English»

content: Nouns in English

content: Plural NounsRegular Pluralsend with s or es.

content: Add -es to make nouns plural that end with:sbusesxtaxeschbenchesshdishes

content: Add -ies to make nouns plural that end with a consonant and -y:Lady - ladiesFry – friesCity – citiesArmy – armies

content: Most nouns that end in -f or -fe change to -ves when made plural:Calf - calvesKnife – knivesLeaf – leavesWolf – wolvesWife - wives

content: BUT:Chief – chiefsHandkerchief – handkerchiefsRoof – roofsSafe - safes

content: Nouns that end in -o add -es when made plural.Tomato - tomatoesPotato – potatoesHero -heroes

content: BUT:Piano – pianosPhoto - photos

content: ends with -usChange -us to -icactus - cactinucleus - nucleifocus - foci

content: ends with -isChange -is to -esanalysis - analysescrisis - crisesthesis - theses

content: ends with -onChange -on to -aphenomenon - phenomenacriterion - criteria

content: IRREGULAR PLURALS

content: Some nouns do not change at all when made plural:Sheep - sheepDeer – deerMoose – mooseTrout – trout

content: Some nouns become a new word when made plural:Man – menWoman – womenFoot - feetGoose – geeseTooth – teethMouse – miceLouse - lice

content: Child – childrenOx – oxen

content: A few nouns have only plural forms:ScissorsTrousersJeansSpectaclesClothes

content: A few nouns have only plural forms:TongsScalesSavingsGoodsStairsArms

content: Nouns that have only singular forms:MoneyFruit HairTwilightAdvice News

content: Compound Nouns: the main word has plural formSingularPluralbillboardbillboardscupfulcupfulscampgroundcampgroundsmaid of honormaids of honorattorney-at-lawattorneys-at-lawstep-brotherstep-brothersGreat-grandmaGreat-grandmas

content: Possessive CaseSINGULAR:man – man's, child- child'sPLURAL:chairs – chairs', rooms – rooms',men - men's, women – women's

content: Possessive Case of Compounds and Phrases – ‘s is added to the whole phraseMother-in-law – mother-in-law'sMaid of honor – maid of honor'sAttorney-at-law - attorney-at-law's

content: Noun Suffixes

content: Denoting people

content: People in a certain occupation or activity:er (-or): adviser, baker, butcher, driver, teacher, reader, protector, director, earner / actor, advisor, ancestor, animator, bachelor, counselor, navigator, tailor, vendor, warrioreer: engineer, mountaineer, volunteer, domineer, auctioneer, profiteer, racketeer

content: Denoting people in a certain activity:ster: gangster, gamester, trickster, prankster, funsteree: addressee, grantee, employee, attendee, refugee, escapee, returneeant: servant, inhabitant, aspirant, immigrant

content: Denoting females/ instruments:ess: duchess, countess, princess, empress, waitress, stewardess, hostess,ina, ine: heroine, czarina, concertina,

content: Small things:let = small, unimportant: piglet, owlet, bookletling = small: duckling, gosling, princelingette = small, imitation: cigarette, kitchenette, diskette

content: State/ activity:ing: bathing, reading, cooking, writing, speakingtion/ -sion: depression, revolution, opression, ogranizationment: movement, agreement, development, pavemental: arrival, approval, festival, portal

content: State/ status:hood: childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood, boyhood, parenthood, manhoodness: happiness, freshness, attentiveness, fastness, aggressiveness, correctness, awarenessity: rapidity, stupidity, aridity

content: Amount:ful: handful, mouthful, spoonful, bowfulage: coverage, courage, percentage,

content: Ideas/ conditions:ism = doctrine: communism, capitalism, racismship= condition: dictatorship

content: Ideas/ followers:ist = follower: communist, capitalist, racistan = follower, born in: republican, American, Asianite = follower, born in: islamite, kyivite.