Program: CWE-125
Project: CVE-2017-12994
Buggy source:
/*
 * Copyright (C) 1999 WIDE Project.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Extensively modified by Hannes Gredler (hannes@gredler.at) for more
 * complete BGP support.
 */

/* \summary: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) printer */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <netdissect-stdinc.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "netdissect.h"
#include "addrtoname.h"
#include "extract.h"
#include "af.h"
#include "l2vpn.h"

struct bgp {
	uint8_t bgp_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgp_len;
	uint8_t bgp_type;
};
#define BGP_SIZE		19	/* unaligned */

#define BGP_OPEN		1
#define BGP_UPDATE		2
#define BGP_NOTIFICATION	3
#define BGP_KEEPALIVE		4
#define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH       5

static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
    { BGP_OPEN,                 "Open"},
    { BGP_UPDATE,               "Update"},
    { BGP_NOTIFICATION,         "Notification"},
    { BGP_KEEPALIVE,            "Keepalive"},
    { BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH,        "Route Refresh"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

struct bgp_open {
	uint8_t bgpo_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgpo_len;
	uint8_t bgpo_type;
	uint8_t bgpo_version;
	uint16_t bgpo_myas;
	uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
	uint32_t bgpo_id;
	uint8_t bgpo_optlen;
	/* options should follow */
};
#define BGP_OPEN_SIZE		29	/* unaligned */

struct bgp_opt {
	uint8_t bgpopt_type;
	uint8_t bgpopt_len;
	/* variable length */
};
#define BGP_OPT_SIZE		2	/* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
#define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE	2	/* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */

struct bgp_notification {
	uint8_t bgpn_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgpn_len;
	uint8_t bgpn_type;
	uint8_t bgpn_major;
	uint8_t bgpn_minor;
};
#define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE		21	/* unaligned */

struct bgp_route_refresh {
    uint8_t  bgp_marker[16];
    uint16_t len;
    uint8_t  type;
    uint8_t  afi[2]; /* the compiler messes this structure up               */
    uint8_t  res;    /* when doing misaligned sequences of int8 and int16   */
    uint8_t  safi;   /* afi should be int16 - so we have to access it using */
};                    /* EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh->afi) (sigh)      */
#define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE          23

#define bgp_attr_lenlen(flags, p) \
	(((flags) & 0x10) ? 2 : 1)
#define bgp_attr_len(flags, p) \
	(((flags) & 0x10) ? EXTRACT_16BITS(p) : *(p))

#define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN			1
#define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH			2
#define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP		3
#define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC		4
#define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF		5
#define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE	6
#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR		7
#define	BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES		8	/* RFC1997 */
#define	BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID		9	/* RFC4456 */
#define	BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST		10	/* RFC4456 */
#define	BGPTYPE_DPA			11	/* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
#define	BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS		12	/* deprecated RFC1863 */
#define	BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH		13	/* deprecated RFC1863 */
#define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI		14	/* RFC4760 */
#define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI		15	/* RFC4760 */
#define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16      /* RFC4360 */
#define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH	        17      /* RFC6793 */
#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4		18      /* RFC6793 */
#define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22      /* RFC6514 */
#define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23      /* RFC5512 */
#define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24      /* RFC5543 */
#define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25      /* RFC5701 */
#define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26      /* RFC7311 */
#define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27      /* RFC6514 */
#define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28      /* RFC6790 */
#define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY		32	/* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
#define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128      /* RFC6368 */

#define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3       /* End of RIB Marker detection */

static const struct tok bgp_attr_values[] = {
    { BGPTYPE_ORIGIN,           "Origin"},
    { BGPTYPE_AS_PATH,          "AS Path"},
    { BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH,         "AS4 Path"},
    { BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP,         "Next Hop"},
    { BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC,  "Multi Exit Discriminator"},
    { BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF,       "Local Preference"},
    { BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE, "Atomic Aggregate"},
    { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR,       "Aggregator"},
    { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4,      "Aggregator4"},
    { BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES,      "Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID,    "Originator ID"},
    { BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST,     "Cluster List"},
    { BGPTYPE_DPA,              "DPA"},
    { BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS,      "Advertisers"},
    { BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH,        "RCID Path / Cluster ID"},
    { BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI,    "Multi-Protocol Reach NLRI"},
    { BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI,  "Multi-Protocol Unreach NLRI"},
    { BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "Extended Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL,      "PMSI Tunnel"},
    { BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP,     "Tunnel Encapsulation"},
    { BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG,      "Traffic Engineering"},
    { BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "IPv6 Extended Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_AIGP,             "Accumulated IGP Metric"},
    { BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL, "PE Distinguisher Label"},
    { BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL,    "Entropy Label"},
    { BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY,  "Large Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET,         "Attribute Set"},
    { 255,                      "Reserved for development"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_AS_SET             1
#define BGP_AS_SEQUENCE        2
#define BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE 3 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01 */
#define BGP_CONFED_AS_SET      4 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01  */

#define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN    BGP_AS_SET
#define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX    BGP_CONFED_AS_SET

static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_open_values[] = {
    { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
    { BGP_AS_SET,              "{ "},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  "( "},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "({ "},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_close_values[] = {
    { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
    { BGP_AS_SET,              "}"},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  ")"},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "})"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_OPT_AUTH                    1
#define BGP_OPT_CAP                     2

static const struct tok bgp_opt_values[] = {
    { BGP_OPT_AUTH,             "Authentication Information"},
    { BGP_OPT_CAP,              "Capabilities Advertisement"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_CAPCODE_MP                  1 /* RFC2858 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RR                  2 /* RFC2918 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ORF                 3 /* RFC5291 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_MR                  4 /* RFC3107 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH              5 /* RFC5549 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART            64 /* RFC4724  */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW             65 /* RFC6793 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP            67 /* draft-ietf-idr-dynamic-cap */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS          68 /* draft-ietf-idr-bgp-multisession */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH           69 /* RFC7911 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR             70 /* draft-keyur-bgp-enhanced-route-refresh */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO          128

static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MP,           "Multiprotocol Extensions"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RR,           "Route Refresh"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ORF,          "Cooperative Route Filtering"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MR,           "Multiple Routes to a Destination"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH,       "Extended Next Hop Encoding"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART,      "Graceful Restart"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW,       "32-Bit AS Number"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP,      "Dynamic Capability"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS,    "Multisession BGP"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH,     "Multiple Paths"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR,       "Enhanced Route Refresh"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO,     "Route Refresh (Cisco)"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG            1
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN           2
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE         3
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME       4
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM            5
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE          6
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP            7

static const struct tok bgp_notify_major_values[] = {
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG,     "Message Header Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN,    "OPEN Message Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE,  "UPDATE Message Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME,"Hold Timer Expired"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM,     "Finite State Machine Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE,   "Cease"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP,     "Capability Message Error"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

/* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 */
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX  1
/* draft-ietf-idr-shutdown-07 */
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT     2
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET    4
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN   128
static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cease_values[] = {
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX, "Maximum Number of Prefixes Reached"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT,    "Administrative Shutdown"},
    { 3,                        "Peer Unconfigured"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET,   "Administrative Reset"},
    { 5,                        "Connection Rejected"},
    { 6,                        "Other Configuration Change"},
    { 7,                        "Connection Collision Resolution"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_msg_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Connection Not Synchronized"},
    { 2,                        "Bad Message Length"},
    { 3,                        "Bad Message Type"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_open_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Unsupported Version Number"},
    { 2,                        "Bad Peer AS"},
    { 3,                        "Bad BGP Identifier"},
    { 4,                        "Unsupported Optional Parameter"},
    { 5,                        "Authentication Failure"},
    { 6,                        "Unacceptable Hold Time"},
    { 7,                        "Capability Message Error"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_update_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Malformed Attribute List"},
    { 2,                        "Unrecognized Well-known Attribute"},
    { 3,                        "Missing Well-known Attribute"},
    { 4,                        "Attribute Flags Error"},
    { 5,                        "Attribute Length Error"},
    { 6,                        "Invalid ORIGIN Attribute"},
    { 7,                        "AS Routing Loop"},
    { 8,                        "Invalid NEXT_HOP Attribute"},
    { 9,                        "Optional Attribute Error"},
    { 10,                       "Invalid Network Field"},
    { 11,                       "Malformed AS_PATH"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values[] = {
    { 0,                        "Unspecified Error"},
    { 1,                        "In OpenSent State"},
    { 2,                        "In OpenConfirm State"},
    { 3,                        "In Established State"},
    { 0, NULL }
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cap_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Invalid Action Value" },
    { 2,                        "Invalid Capability Length" },
    { 3,                        "Malformed Capability Value" },
    { 4,                        "Unsupported Capability Code" },
    { 0, NULL }
};

static const struct tok bgp_origin_values[] = {
    { 0,                        "IGP"},
    { 1,                        "EGP"},
    { 2,                        "Incomplete"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP 1
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP  2
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM   3
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM    4
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR 5
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS   6
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP 7

static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values[] = {
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP, "RSVP-TE P2MP LSP"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP, "LDP P2MP LSP"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM, "PIM-SSM Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM, "PIM-SM Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR, "PIM-Bidir Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS, "Ingress Replication"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP, "LDP MP2MP LSP"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_flag_values[] = {
    { 0x01, "Leaf Information required"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_AIGP_TLV 1

static const struct tok bgp_aigp_values[] = {
    { BGP_AIGP_TLV, "AIGP"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

/* Subsequent address family identifier, RFC2283 section 7 */
#define SAFNUM_RES                      0
#define SAFNUM_UNICAST                  1
#define SAFNUM_MULTICAST                2
#define SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST             3       /* deprecated now */
/* labeled BGP RFC3107 */
#define SAFNUM_LABUNICAST               4
/* RFC6514 */
#define SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN            5
/* draft-nalawade-kapoor-tunnel-safi */
#define SAFNUM_TUNNEL                   64
/* RFC4761 */
#define SAFNUM_VPLS                     65
/* RFC6037 */
#define SAFNUM_MDT                      66
/* RFC4364 */
#define SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST               128
/* RFC6513 */
#define SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST             129
#define SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST          130     /* deprecated now */
/* RFC4684 */
#define SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO          132

#define BGP_VPN_RD_LEN                  8

static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
    { SAFNUM_RES,               "Reserved"},
    { SAFNUM_UNICAST,           "Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_MULTICAST,         "Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST,      "Unicast+Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_LABUNICAST,        "labeled Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_TUNNEL,            "Tunnel"},
    { SAFNUM_VPLS,              "VPLS"},
    { SAFNUM_MDT,               "MDT"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST,        "labeled VPN Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST,      "labeled VPN Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST,   "labeled VPN Unicast+Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO,   "Route Target Routing Information"},
    { SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN,     "Multicast VPN"},
    { 0, NULL }
};

/* well-known community */
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT			0xffffff01
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT			0xffffff02
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED	0xffffff03

/* Extended community type - draft-ietf-idr-bgp-ext-communities-05 */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0        0x0002  /* Route Target,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1        0x0102  /* Route Target,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2        0x0202  /* Route Target,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0        0x0003  /* Route Origin,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1        0x0103  /* Route Origin,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2        0x0203  /* Route Origin,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND    0x4004  /* Link Bandwidth,Format AS(2B):Bandwidth(4B) */
                                        /* rfc2547 bgp-mpls-vpns */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN  0x0005  /* OSPF Domain ID / VPN of Origin  - draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE  0x0306  /* OSPF Route Type,Format Area(4B):RouteType(1B):Options(1B) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID    0x0107  /* OSPF Router ID,Format RouterID(4B):Unused(2B) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO      0x800a  /* draft-kompella-ppvpn-l2vpn */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS   0x0009  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP  0x010b  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0  0x000a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1  0xF10a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */

/* http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN   0x8800
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY  0x8801
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW 0x8802
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU  0x8803
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID  0x8804
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC 0x8805

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_flag_values[] = {
    { 0x8000,                  "vendor-specific"},
    { 0x4000,                  "non-transitive"},
    { 0, NULL},
};

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND,    "link-BW"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN,  "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE,  "ospf-route-type"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2, "ospf-route-type"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID,    "ospf-router-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2,   "ospf-router-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO,      "layer2-info"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN , "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY , "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW , "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU , "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID , "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC , "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS, "source-AS" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP, "vrf-route-import"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0, "l2vpn-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1, "l2vpn-id"},
    { 0, NULL},
};

/* OSPF codes for  BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls  */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR      1 /* OSPF Router LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET      2 /* OSPF Network LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM      3 /* OSPF Summary LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT      5 /* OSPF External LSA, note that ASBR doesn't apply to MPLS-VPN */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA     7 /* OSPF NSSA External*/
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM     129 /* OSPF-MPLS-VPN Sham link */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE 0x1 /* LSB of RTYPE Options Field */

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values[] = {
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR, "Router" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET, "Network" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM, "Summary" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT, "External" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA,"NSSA External" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM,"MPLS-VPN Sham" },
  { 0, NULL },
};

/* ADD-PATH Send/Receive field values */
static const struct tok bgp_add_path_recvsend[] = {
  { 1, "Receive" },
  { 2, "Send" },
  { 3, "Both" },
  { 0, NULL },
};

static char astostr[20];

/*
 * as_printf
 *
 * Convert an AS number into a string and return string pointer.
 *
 * Depending on bflag is set or not, AS number is converted into ASDOT notation
 * or plain number notation.
 *
 */
static char *
as_printf(netdissect_options *ndo,
          char *str, int size, u_int asnum)
{
	if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
		snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
	} else {
		snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
	}
	return str;
}

#define ITEMCHECK(minlen) if (itemlen < minlen) goto badtlv;

int
decode_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	ITEMCHECK(1);
	plen = pptr[0];
	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[1], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
	return 1 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	/* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
	ITEMCHECK(4);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

        /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
           the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
           is added to the prefix length;
           we also do only read out just one label -
           there is no real application for advertisement of
           stacked labels in a single BGP message
        */

	if (24 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */

	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 4;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 4 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

/*
 * bgp_vpn_ip_print
 *
 * print an ipv4 or ipv6 address into a buffer dependend on address length.
 */
static char *
bgp_vpn_ip_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr, u_int addr_length)
{

    /* worst case string is s fully formatted v6 address */
    static char addr[sizeof("1234:5678:89ab:cdef:1234:5678:89ab:cdef")];
    char *pos = addr;

    switch(addr_length) {
    case (sizeof(struct in_addr) << 3): /* 32 */
        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));
        break;
    case (sizeof(struct in6_addr) << 3): /* 128 */
        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, pptr));
        break;
    default:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "bogus address length %u", addr_length);
        break;
    }
    pos += strlen(pos);

trunc:
    *(pos) = '\0';
    return (addr);
}

/*
 * bgp_vpn_sg_print
 *
 * print an multicast s,g entry into a buffer.
 * the s,g entry is encoded like this.
 *
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |   Multicast Source (Variable)     |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 *
 * return the number of bytes read from the wire.
 */
static int
bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
    uint8_t addr_length;
    u_int total_length, offset;

    total_length = 0;

    /* Source address length, encoded in bits */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
    addr_length =  *pptr++;

    /* Source address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
    total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
    offset = strlen(buf);
    if (addr_length) {
        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Source %s",
                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
        pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
    }

    /* Group address length, encoded in bits */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
    addr_length =  *pptr++;

    /* Group address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
    total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
    offset = strlen(buf);
    if (addr_length) {
        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Group %s",
                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
        pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
    }

trunc:
    return (total_length);
}

/* RDs and RTs share the same semantics
 * we use bgp_vpn_rd_print for
 * printing route targets inside a NLRI */
char *
bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr)
{
   /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
    static char rd[sizeof("xxxxxxxxxx:xxxxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx)")];
    char *pos = rd;

    /* ok lets load the RD format */
    switch (EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr)) {

        /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt*/
    case 0:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u:%u (= %u.%u.%u.%u)",
                 EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+2),
                 EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+4),
                 *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), *(pptr+6), *(pptr+7));
        break;
        /* IP-address:AS fmt*/

    case 1:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u.%u.%u.%u:%u",
            *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
        break;

        /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt*/
    case 2:
	snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+2)),
	    EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6), *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4),
	    *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
        break;
    default:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "unknown RD format");
        break;
    }
    pos += strlen(pos);
    *(pos) = '\0';
    return (rd);
}

static int
decode_rt_routing_info(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	uint8_t route_target[8];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if (0 == plen) {
		snprintf(buf, buflen, "default route target");
		return 1;
	}

	if (32 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=32; /* adjust prefix length */

	if (64 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&route_target, 0, sizeof(route_target));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&route_target, &pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&route_target)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "origin AS: %s, route target %s",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+1)),
	    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, (u_char *)&route_target));

	return 5 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * +-------------------------------+
 * |                               |
 * |  RD:IPv4-address (12 octets)  |
 * |                               |
 * +-------------------------------+
 * |  MDT Group-address (4 octets) |
 * +-------------------------------+
 */

#define MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN 16

static int
decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(netdissect_options *ndo,
                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{

    const u_char *rd;
    const u_char *vpn_ip;

    ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);

    /* if the NLRI is not predefined length, quit.*/
    if (*pptr != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
	return -1;
    pptr++;

    /* RD */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 8);
    rd = pptr;
    pptr+=8;

    /* IPv4 address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
    vpn_ip = pptr;
    pptr+=sizeof(struct in_addr);

    /* MDT Group Address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));

    snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, VPN IP Address: %s, MC Group Address: %s",
	     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), ipaddr_string(ndo, vpn_ip), ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));

    return MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN + 1;

 trunc:

return -2;
}

#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI   1
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI   2
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI            3
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF 4
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE     5
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN  6
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN  7

static const struct tok bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values[] = {
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI, "Intra-AS I-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI, "Inter-AS I-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI, "S-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF, "Intra-AS Segment-Leaf"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE, "Source-Active"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN, "Shared Tree Join"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN, "Source Tree Join"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static int
decode_multicast_vpn(netdissect_options *ndo,
                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t route_type, route_length, addr_length, sg_length;
        u_int offset;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
        route_type = *pptr++;
        route_length = *pptr++;

        snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
                 tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
                         "Unknown", route_type),
                 route_type, route_length);

        switch(route_type) {
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
                                      (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
            break;
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
            offset = strlen(buf);
	    snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
		bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
		as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
		EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;

            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], addr_length);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
	    snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
		bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
		as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
		EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            break;

            /*
             * no per route-type printing yet.
             */
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
        default:
            break;
        }

        return route_length + 2;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * As I remember, some versions of systems have an snprintf() that
 * returns -1 if the buffer would have overflowed.  If the return
 * value is negative, set buflen to 0, to indicate that we've filled
 * the buffer up.
 *
 * If the return value is greater than buflen, that means that
 * the buffer would have overflowed; again, set buflen to 0 in
 * that case.
 */
#define UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen) \
    if (stringlen<0) \
       	buflen=0; \
    else if ((u_int)stringlen>buflen) \
        buflen=0; \
    else { \
        buflen-=stringlen; \
	buf+=stringlen; \
    }

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_l2(netdissect_options *ndo,
                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        int plen,tlen,stringlen,tlv_type,tlv_len,ttlv_len;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
        plen=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
        tlen=plen;
        pptr+=2;
	/* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
         *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
         *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
         */
        if (plen==12) {
	    /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
	    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],12);
	    buf[0]='\0';
	    stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
			       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
			       ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+8)
			       );
	    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
	    pptr+=12;
	    tlen-=12;
	    return plen;
        } else if (plen>17) {
	    /* assume old format */
	    /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */

	    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],15);
	    buf[0]='\0';
	    stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
			       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
			       EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+8),
			       EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+10),
			       EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
	    pptr+=15;
	    tlen-=15;

	    /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
	    while (tlen>0) {
		if (tlen < 3)
		    return -1;
		ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 3);
		tlv_type=*pptr++;
		tlv_len=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
		ttlv_len=tlv_len;
		pptr+=2;

		switch(tlv_type) {
		case 1:
		    if (buflen!=0) {
			stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
					   tlv_type,
					   tlv_len);
			UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
		    }
		    ttlv_len=ttlv_len/8+1; /* how many bytes do we need to read ? */
		    while (ttlv_len>0) {
			ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
			if (buflen!=0) {
			    stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",*pptr++);
			    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
			}
			ttlv_len--;
		    }
		    break;
		default:
		    if (buflen!=0) {
			stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
					   tlv_type,
					   tlv_len);
			UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
		    }
		    break;
		}
		tlen-=(tlv_len<<3); /* the tlv-length is expressed in bits so lets shift it right */
	    }
	    return plen+2;

        } else {
	    /* complain bitterly ? */
	    /* fall through */
            goto trunc;
        }

trunc:
        return -2;
}

int
decode_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	ND_TCHECK(pd[0]);
	ITEMCHECK(1);
	plen = pd[0];
	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pd[1], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pd[1], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
	return 1 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	/* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
	ITEMCHECK(4);
	plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */

	if (24 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */

	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 4;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 4 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
                   const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t addr[19];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */

	if (152 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d",
                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
                 plen);

	return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
                               const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t addr[19];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (152 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * bgp_attr_get_as_size
 *
 * Try to find the size of the ASs encoded in an as-path. It is not obvious, as
 * both Old speakers that do not support 4 byte AS, and the new speakers that do
 * support, exchange AS-Path with the same path-attribute type value 0x02.
 */
static int
bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
                     uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, int len)
{
    const u_char *tptr = pptr;

    /*
     * If the path attribute is the optional AS4 path type, then we already
     * know, that ASs must be encoded in 4 byte format.
     */
    if (bgpa_type == BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH) {
        return 4;
    }

    /*
     * Let us assume that ASs are of 2 bytes in size, and check if the AS-Path
     * TLV is good. If not, ask the caller to try with AS encoded as 4 bytes
     * each.
     */
    while (tptr < pptr + len) {
        ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);

        /*
         * If we do not find a valid segment type, our guess might be wrong.
         */
        if (tptr[0] < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || tptr[0] > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
            goto trunc;
        }
        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * 2;
    }

    /*
     * If we correctly reached end of the AS path attribute data content,
     * then most likely ASs were indeed encoded as 2 bytes.
     */
    if (tptr == pptr + len) {
        return 2;
    }

trunc:

    /*
     * We can come here, either we did not have enough data, or if we
     * try to decode 4 byte ASs in 2 byte format. Either way, return 4,
     * so that calller can try to decode each AS as of 4 bytes. If indeed
     * there was not enough data, it will crib and end the parse anyways.
     */
   return 4;
}

static int
bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
               u_int atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
{
	int i;
	uint16_t af;
	uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
        union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
            float f;
            uint32_t i;
        } bw;
	int advance;
	u_int tlen;
	const u_char *tptr;
	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
        int  as_size;

        tptr = pptr;
        tlen=len;

	switch (atype) {
	case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
		if (len != 1)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK(*tptr);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
						"Unknown Origin Typecode",
						tptr[0])));
		}
		break;

        /*
         * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
         */
	case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
	case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
		if (len % 2) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                if (!len) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "empty"));
			break;
                }

                /*
                 * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
                 * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
                 * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
                 * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
                 * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
                 * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
                 */
                as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);

		while (tptr < pptr + len) {
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
						"?", tptr[0])));
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
                        for (i = 0; i < tptr[1] * as_size; i += as_size) {
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[2 + i], as_size);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s ",
				as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
				as_size == 2 ?
				EXTRACT_16BITS(&tptr[2 + i]) :
				EXTRACT_32BITS(&tptr[2 + i]))));
                        }
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
						"?", tptr[0])));
                        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
                        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * as_size;
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
		if (len != 4)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
	case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
		if (len != 4)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)));
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
		if (len != 0)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:

                /*
                 * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
                 * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
                 */
                if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                    break;
                }
                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], len);
                if (len == 6) {
		    ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
			as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
			ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 2)));
                } else {
		    ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
			as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
			EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)), ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
                }
                break;
	case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
		if (len != 8) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
		ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
	   	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)),
		    ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
		if (len % 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		while (tlen>0) {
			uint32_t comm;
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			comm = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr);
			switch (comm) {
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT"));
				break;
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_ADVERTISE"));
				break;
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED"));
				break;
			default:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u%s",
                                       (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
                                       comm & 0xffff,
                                       (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
				break;
			}
                        tlen -=4;
                        tptr +=4;
		}
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
		if (len != 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                break;
        case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
		if (len % 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                while (tlen>0) {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s%s",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                                (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
                        tlen -=4;
                        tptr +=4;
                }
                break;
	case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);
		af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
		safi = tptr[2];

                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
                       af,
                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
                       safi));

                switch(af<<8 | safi) {
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
		case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    break;
                default:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                    goto done;
                    break;
                }

                tptr +=3;

		ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
		nhlen = tptr[0];
                tlen = nhlen;
                tptr++;

		if (tlen) {
                    int nnh = 0;
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    nexthop: "));
                    while (tlen > 0) {
                        if ( nnh++ > 0 ) {
                            ND_PRINT((ndo,  ", " ));
                        }
                        switch(af<<8 | safi) {
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
			    if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in_addr);
                                tptr += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in6_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
                                tptr += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr));
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", isonsap_string(ndo, tptr, tlen)));
                            tptr += tlen;
                            tlen = 0;
                            break;

                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       isonsap_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
                                if (EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4)));
                                /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
                                else if (EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3)));
                                tptr += tlen;
                                tlen = 0;
                            }
                            break;
                        default:
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u/SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                                print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                            tptr += tlen;
                            tlen = 0;
                            goto done;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
		}
		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", nh-length: %u", nhlen));
		tptr += tlen;

		ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
		snpa = tptr[0];
		tptr++;

		if (snpa) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa));
			for (/*nothing*/; snpa > 0; snpa--) {
				ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %d bytes", tptr[0]));
				tptr += tptr[0] + 1;
			}
		} else {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ", no SNPA"));
                }

		while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                        advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;

		    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
		      advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		      if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
		       break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,tlen);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                        advance = 0;
                        tptr = pptr + len;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (advance < 0)
                        break;
                    tptr += advance;
		}
        done:
		break;

	case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
		af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
		safi = tptr[2];

                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
                       af,
                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
                       safi));

                if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));

		tptr += 3;

		while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
		    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
		      advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		      if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
		       break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr-3),tlen);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr-3, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                        advance = 0;
                        tptr = pptr + len;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (advance < 0)
                        break;
                    tptr += advance;
		}
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
		if (len % 8) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                while (tlen>0) {
                    uint16_t extd_comm;

                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
                    extd_comm=EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);

		    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
			   tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
				      "unknown extd community typecode",
				      extd_comm),
			   extd_comm,
			   bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm)));

                    ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+2), 6);
                    switch(extd_comm) {
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %u:%u (= %s)",
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2),
                               EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4),
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
			    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
			    EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2)), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
			break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
		        bw.i = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
                               bw.f*8/1000000));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
                               tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
					  "unknown (0x%02x)",
					  *(tptr+6)),
                               (*(tptr+7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
                               ((*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : ""));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
                               tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
					  "unknown encaps",
					  *(tptr+2)),
                                       *(tptr+3),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+4)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": AS %u", EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2)));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,8);
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", 8);
                        break;
                    }
                    tlen -=8;
                    tptr +=8;
                }
                break;

        case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
        {
                uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;

                tunnel_type = *(tptr+1);
                flags = *tptr;
                tlen = len;

                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 5);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
                       tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
                       tunnel_type,
                       bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
                       EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+2)>>4));

                tptr +=5;
                tlen -= 5;

                switch (tunnel_type) {
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                    break;

                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
                    break;
                default:
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
	case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
	{
		uint8_t type;
		uint16_t length;

		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);

		tlen = len;

		while (tlen >= 3) {

		    type = *tptr;
		    length = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+1);

		    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
			      tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
			      type, length));

		    /*
		     * Check if we can read the TLV data.
		     */
		    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[3], length - 3);

		    switch (type) {

		    case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
		        ND_TCHECK2(tptr[3], 8);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ", metric %" PRIu64,
				  EXTRACT_64BITS(tptr+3)));
			break;

		    default:
			if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
			    print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr+3,"\n\t      ", length-3);
			}
		    }

		    tptr += length;
		    tlen -= length;
		}
		break;
	}
        case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                if (len < 4)
                	goto trunc;
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
		    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr))));
		tptr+=4;
                len -=4;

                while (len) {
                    u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;

                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
                    if (len < 2)
                        goto trunc;
                    aflags = *tptr;
                    atype = *(tptr + 1);
                    tptr += 2;
                    len -= 2;
                    alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], alenlen);
                    if (len < alenlen)
                        goto trunc;
                    alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
                    tptr += alenlen;
                    len -= alenlen;

                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
                           tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
                                      "Unknown Attribute", atype),
                           atype,
                           alen));

                    if (aflags) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
                               aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
                               aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
                               aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
                               aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
                        if (aflags & 0xf)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
                    }
                    /* FIXME check for recursion */
                    if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen))
                        return 0;
                    tptr += alen;
                    len -= alen;
		}
                break;

	case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
		if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    "));
		while (len > 0) {
			ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 12);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u:%u%s",
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr),
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 4),
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 8),
				 (len > 12) ? ", " : ""));
                        tptr += 12;
                        len -= 12;
		}
		break;
	default:
	    ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype)); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
            break;
	}
        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
        }
        return 1;

trunc:
        return 0;
}

static void
bgp_capabilities_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *opt, int caps_len)
{
	int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
        int i = 0;

        while (i < caps_len) {
                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
                cap_type=opt[i];
                cap_len=opt[i+1];
                tcap_len=cap_len;
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
                       tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown",
                                  cap_type),
                       cap_type,
                       cap_len));
                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i+2], cap_len);
                switch (cap_type) {
                case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
                           tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
                                      EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)),
                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2),
                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
                                      opt[i+5]),
                           opt[i+5]));
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
                           ((opt[i+2])&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)&0xfff));
                    tcap_len-=2;
                    cap_offset=4;
                    while(tcap_len>=4) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
                               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
                                          EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
                               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
                                          opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
                               opt[i+cap_offset+2],
                               ((opt[i+cap_offset+3])&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" ));
                        tcap_len-=4;
                        cap_offset+=4;
                    }
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:

                    /*
                     * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
                     */
                    if (cap_len == 4) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
                            as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
                            EXTRACT_32BITS(opt + i + 2))));
                    }
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
                    cap_offset=2;
                    if (tcap_len == 0) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, " (bogus)")); /* length */
                        break;
                    }
                    while (tcap_len > 0) {
                        if (tcap_len < 4) {
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t(invalid)"));
                            break;
                        }
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
                                  tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
                                  EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
                                  tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
                                  opt[i+cap_offset+2],
                                  tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",opt[i+cap_offset+3])
                        ));
                        tcap_len-=4;
                        cap_offset+=4;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
                           cap_type));
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
                    break;
                }
                if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len > 0) {
                    print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
                }
                i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
        }
        return;

trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_open_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp_open bgpo;
	struct bgp_opt bgpopt;
	const u_char *opt;
	int i;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgpo, dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);

	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Version %d, ", bgpo.bgpo_version));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "my AS %s, ",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_myas))));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "Holdtime %us, ", ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_holdtime)));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "ID %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bgpo.bgpo_id)));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", bgpo.bgpo_optlen));

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (length < bgpo.bgpo_optlen+BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
            return;

	/* ugly! */
	opt = &((const struct bgp_open *)dat)->bgpo_optlen;
	opt++;

	i = 0;
	while (i < bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
		ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
		memcpy(&bgpopt, &opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
		if (i + 2 + bgpopt.bgpopt_len > bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t     Option %d, length: %u", bgpopt.bgpopt_type, bgpopt.bgpopt_len));
			break;
		}

		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
		       tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",
				  bgpopt.bgpopt_type),
		       bgpopt.bgpopt_type,
		       bgpopt.bgpopt_len));

		/* now let's decode the options we know*/
		switch(bgpopt.bgpopt_type) {

		case BGP_OPT_CAP:
			bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, &opt[i+BGP_OPT_SIZE],
			    bgpopt.bgpopt_len);
			break;

		case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
		default:
		       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
			   bgpopt.bgpopt_type));
		       break;
		}
		i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + bgpopt.bgpopt_len;
	}
	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_update_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp bgp;
	const u_char *p;
	int withdrawn_routes_len;
	int len;
	int i;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
	if (length < BGP_SIZE)
		goto trunc;
	memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
	p = dat + BGP_SIZE;	/*XXX*/
	length -= BGP_SIZE;

	/* Unfeasible routes */
	ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
	if (length < 2)
		goto trunc;
	withdrawn_routes_len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
	p += 2;
	length -= 2;
	if (withdrawn_routes_len) {
		/*
		 * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
		 * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
		 * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
	         */
		ND_TCHECK2(p[0], withdrawn_routes_len);
		if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
			goto trunc;
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Withdrawn routes: %d bytes", withdrawn_routes_len));
		p += withdrawn_routes_len;
		length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
	}

	ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
	if (length < 2)
		goto trunc;
	len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
	p += 2;
	length -= 2;

        if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
            /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));
            return;
        }

	if (len) {
		/* do something more useful!*/
		while (len) {
			int aflags, atype, alenlen, alen;

			ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
			if (len < 2)
			    goto trunc;
			if (length < 2)
			    goto trunc;
			aflags = *p;
			atype = *(p + 1);
			p += 2;
			len -= 2;
			length -= 2;
			alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
			ND_TCHECK2(p[0], alenlen);
			if (len < alenlen)
			    goto trunc;
			if (length < alenlen)
			    goto trunc;
			alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
			p += alenlen;
			len -= alenlen;
			length -= alenlen;

			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
                              tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute",
					 atype),
                              atype,
                              alen));

			if (aflags) {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
					aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
					aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
					aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
					aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
				if (aflags & 0xf)
					ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
			}
			if (len < alen)
				goto trunc;
			if (length < alen)
				goto trunc;
			if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen))
				goto trunc;
			p += alen;
			len -= alen;
			length -= alen;
		}
	}

	if (length) {
		/*
		 * XXX - what if they're using the "Advertisement of
		 * Multiple Paths in BGP" feature:
		 *
		 * https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths/
		 *
		 * http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths-06
		 */
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Updated routes:"));
		while (length) {
			char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
			i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
			if (i == -1) {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
				break;
			} else if (i == -2)
				goto trunc;
			else if (i == -3)
				goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
			else {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s", buf));
				p += i;
				length -= i;
			}
		}
	}
	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_notification_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp_notification bgpn;
	const u_char *tptr;
	uint8_t shutdown_comm_length;
	uint8_t remainder_offset;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgpn, dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
            return;

	ND_PRINT((ndo, ", %s (%u)",
	       tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
			  bgpn.bgpn_major),
	       bgpn.bgpn_major));

        switch (bgpn.bgpn_major) {

        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));

	    /* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 mentions optionally 7 bytes
             * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
             */
	    if(bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
		tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
		ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 7);
		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
		       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
				  EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
		       EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr),
		       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", *(tptr+2)),
		       *(tptr+2),
		       EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+3)));
	    }
	    /*
	     * draft-ietf-idr-shutdown describes a method to send a communication
	     * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
	     */
	    if ((bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
		bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
		length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
		    tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
		    ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 1);
		    shutdown_comm_length = *(tptr);
		    remainder_offset = 0;
		    /* garbage, hexdump it all */
		    if (shutdown_comm_length > BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN ||
			shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", invalid Shutdown Communication length"));
		    }
		    else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", empty Shutdown Communication"));
			    remainder_offset += 1;
		    }
		    /* a proper shutdown communication */
		    else {
			    ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+1), shutdown_comm_length);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length));
			    (void)fn_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
			    remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
		    }
		    /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
		    if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)));
			    hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
		    }
	    }
	    break;
	default:
            break;
        }

	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_route_refresh_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                        const u_char *pptr, int len)
{
        const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
            return;

        bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;

        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
			  /* this stinks but the compiler pads the structure
			   * weird */
			  EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
               EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
			  bgp_route_refresh_header->safi),
               bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));

        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr, len);
            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
        }

        return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static int
bgp_header_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp bgp;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
               tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp.bgp_type),
               bgp.bgp_type,
               length));

	switch (bgp.bgp_type) {
	case BGP_OPEN:
		bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
	case BGP_UPDATE:
		bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
	case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
		bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
        case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
                break;
        case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
                bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
                break;
        default:
                /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
                ND_TCHECK2(*dat, length);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp.bgp_type));
                print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
                break;
	}
	return 1;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
	return 0;
}

void
bgp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
          const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	const u_char *p;
	const u_char *ep;
	const u_char *start;
	const u_char marker[] = {
		0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
		0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
	};
	struct bgp bgp;
	uint16_t hlen;

	ep = dat + length;
	if (ndo->ndo_snapend < dat + length)
		ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;

	ND_PRINT((ndo, ": BGP"));

        if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
                return;

	p = dat;
	start = p;
	while (p < ep) {
		if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], 1))
			break;
		if (p[0] != 0xff) {
			p++;
			continue;
		}

		if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], sizeof(marker)))
			break;
		if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
			p++;
			continue;
		}

		/* found BGP header */
		ND_TCHECK2(p[0], BGP_SIZE);	/*XXX*/
		memcpy(&bgp, p, BGP_SIZE);

		if (start != p)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));

		hlen = ntohs(bgp.bgp_len);
		if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP Bogus header length %u < %u]", hlen,
			    BGP_SIZE));
			break;
		}

		if (ND_TTEST2(p[0], hlen)) {
			if (!bgp_header_print(ndo, p, hlen))
				return;
			p += hlen;
			start = p;
		} else {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP %s]",
			       tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
					  "Unknown Message Type",
					  bgp.bgp_type)));
			break;
		}
	}

	return;

trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));
}

/*
 * Local Variables:
 * c-style: whitesmith
 * c-basic-offset: 4
 * End:
 */


Fixed version (ground truth):
/*
 * Copyright (C) 1999 WIDE Project.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Extensively modified by Hannes Gredler (hannes@gredler.at) for more
 * complete BGP support.
 */

/* \summary: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) printer */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <netdissect-stdinc.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "netdissect.h"
#include "addrtoname.h"
#include "extract.h"
#include "af.h"
#include "l2vpn.h"

struct bgp {
	uint8_t bgp_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgp_len;
	uint8_t bgp_type;
};
#define BGP_SIZE		19	/* unaligned */

#define BGP_OPEN		1
#define BGP_UPDATE		2
#define BGP_NOTIFICATION	3
#define BGP_KEEPALIVE		4
#define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH       5

static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
    { BGP_OPEN,                 "Open"},
    { BGP_UPDATE,               "Update"},
    { BGP_NOTIFICATION,         "Notification"},
    { BGP_KEEPALIVE,            "Keepalive"},
    { BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH,        "Route Refresh"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

struct bgp_open {
	uint8_t bgpo_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgpo_len;
	uint8_t bgpo_type;
	uint8_t bgpo_version;
	uint16_t bgpo_myas;
	uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
	uint32_t bgpo_id;
	uint8_t bgpo_optlen;
	/* options should follow */
};
#define BGP_OPEN_SIZE		29	/* unaligned */

struct bgp_opt {
	uint8_t bgpopt_type;
	uint8_t bgpopt_len;
	/* variable length */
};
#define BGP_OPT_SIZE		2	/* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
#define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE	2	/* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */

struct bgp_notification {
	uint8_t bgpn_marker[16];
	uint16_t bgpn_len;
	uint8_t bgpn_type;
	uint8_t bgpn_major;
	uint8_t bgpn_minor;
};
#define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE		21	/* unaligned */

struct bgp_route_refresh {
    uint8_t  bgp_marker[16];
    uint16_t len;
    uint8_t  type;
    uint8_t  afi[2]; /* the compiler messes this structure up               */
    uint8_t  res;    /* when doing misaligned sequences of int8 and int16   */
    uint8_t  safi;   /* afi should be int16 - so we have to access it using */
};                    /* EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh->afi) (sigh)      */
#define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE          23

#define bgp_attr_lenlen(flags, p) \
	(((flags) & 0x10) ? 2 : 1)
#define bgp_attr_len(flags, p) \
	(((flags) & 0x10) ? EXTRACT_16BITS(p) : *(p))

#define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN			1
#define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH			2
#define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP		3
#define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC		4
#define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF		5
#define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE	6
#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR		7
#define	BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES		8	/* RFC1997 */
#define	BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID		9	/* RFC4456 */
#define	BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST		10	/* RFC4456 */
#define	BGPTYPE_DPA			11	/* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
#define	BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS		12	/* deprecated RFC1863 */
#define	BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH		13	/* deprecated RFC1863 */
#define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI		14	/* RFC4760 */
#define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI		15	/* RFC4760 */
#define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16      /* RFC4360 */
#define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH	        17      /* RFC6793 */
#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4		18      /* RFC6793 */
#define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22      /* RFC6514 */
#define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23      /* RFC5512 */
#define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24      /* RFC5543 */
#define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25      /* RFC5701 */
#define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26      /* RFC7311 */
#define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27      /* RFC6514 */
#define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28      /* RFC6790 */
#define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY		32	/* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
#define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128      /* RFC6368 */

#define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3       /* End of RIB Marker detection */

static const struct tok bgp_attr_values[] = {
    { BGPTYPE_ORIGIN,           "Origin"},
    { BGPTYPE_AS_PATH,          "AS Path"},
    { BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH,         "AS4 Path"},
    { BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP,         "Next Hop"},
    { BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC,  "Multi Exit Discriminator"},
    { BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF,       "Local Preference"},
    { BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE, "Atomic Aggregate"},
    { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR,       "Aggregator"},
    { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4,      "Aggregator4"},
    { BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES,      "Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID,    "Originator ID"},
    { BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST,     "Cluster List"},
    { BGPTYPE_DPA,              "DPA"},
    { BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS,      "Advertisers"},
    { BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH,        "RCID Path / Cluster ID"},
    { BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI,    "Multi-Protocol Reach NLRI"},
    { BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI,  "Multi-Protocol Unreach NLRI"},
    { BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "Extended Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL,      "PMSI Tunnel"},
    { BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP,     "Tunnel Encapsulation"},
    { BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG,      "Traffic Engineering"},
    { BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "IPv6 Extended Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_AIGP,             "Accumulated IGP Metric"},
    { BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL, "PE Distinguisher Label"},
    { BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL,    "Entropy Label"},
    { BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY,  "Large Community"},
    { BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET,         "Attribute Set"},
    { 255,                      "Reserved for development"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_AS_SET             1
#define BGP_AS_SEQUENCE        2
#define BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE 3 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01 */
#define BGP_CONFED_AS_SET      4 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01  */

#define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN    BGP_AS_SET
#define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX    BGP_CONFED_AS_SET

static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_open_values[] = {
    { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
    { BGP_AS_SET,              "{ "},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  "( "},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "({ "},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_close_values[] = {
    { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
    { BGP_AS_SET,              "}"},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  ")"},
    { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "})"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_OPT_AUTH                    1
#define BGP_OPT_CAP                     2

static const struct tok bgp_opt_values[] = {
    { BGP_OPT_AUTH,             "Authentication Information"},
    { BGP_OPT_CAP,              "Capabilities Advertisement"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_CAPCODE_MP                  1 /* RFC2858 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RR                  2 /* RFC2918 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ORF                 3 /* RFC5291 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_MR                  4 /* RFC3107 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH              5 /* RFC5549 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART            64 /* RFC4724  */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW             65 /* RFC6793 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP            67 /* draft-ietf-idr-dynamic-cap */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS          68 /* draft-ietf-idr-bgp-multisession */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH           69 /* RFC7911 */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR             70 /* draft-keyur-bgp-enhanced-route-refresh */
#define BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO          128

static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MP,           "Multiprotocol Extensions"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RR,           "Route Refresh"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ORF,          "Cooperative Route Filtering"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MR,           "Multiple Routes to a Destination"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH,       "Extended Next Hop Encoding"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART,      "Graceful Restart"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW,       "32-Bit AS Number"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP,      "Dynamic Capability"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS,    "Multisession BGP"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH,     "Multiple Paths"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR,       "Enhanced Route Refresh"},
    { BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO,     "Route Refresh (Cisco)"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG            1
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN           2
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE         3
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME       4
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM            5
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE          6
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP            7

static const struct tok bgp_notify_major_values[] = {
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG,     "Message Header Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN,    "OPEN Message Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE,  "UPDATE Message Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME,"Hold Timer Expired"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM,     "Finite State Machine Error"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE,   "Cease"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP,     "Capability Message Error"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

/* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 */
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX  1
/* draft-ietf-idr-shutdown-07 */
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT     2
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET    4
#define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN   128
static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cease_values[] = {
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX, "Maximum Number of Prefixes Reached"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT,    "Administrative Shutdown"},
    { 3,                        "Peer Unconfigured"},
    { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET,   "Administrative Reset"},
    { 5,                        "Connection Rejected"},
    { 6,                        "Other Configuration Change"},
    { 7,                        "Connection Collision Resolution"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_msg_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Connection Not Synchronized"},
    { 2,                        "Bad Message Length"},
    { 3,                        "Bad Message Type"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_open_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Unsupported Version Number"},
    { 2,                        "Bad Peer AS"},
    { 3,                        "Bad BGP Identifier"},
    { 4,                        "Unsupported Optional Parameter"},
    { 5,                        "Authentication Failure"},
    { 6,                        "Unacceptable Hold Time"},
    { 7,                        "Capability Message Error"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_update_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Malformed Attribute List"},
    { 2,                        "Unrecognized Well-known Attribute"},
    { 3,                        "Missing Well-known Attribute"},
    { 4,                        "Attribute Flags Error"},
    { 5,                        "Attribute Length Error"},
    { 6,                        "Invalid ORIGIN Attribute"},
    { 7,                        "AS Routing Loop"},
    { 8,                        "Invalid NEXT_HOP Attribute"},
    { 9,                        "Optional Attribute Error"},
    { 10,                       "Invalid Network Field"},
    { 11,                       "Malformed AS_PATH"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values[] = {
    { 0,                        "Unspecified Error"},
    { 1,                        "In OpenSent State"},
    { 2,                        "In OpenConfirm State"},
    { 3,                        "In Established State"},
    { 0, NULL }
};

static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cap_values[] = {
    { 1,                        "Invalid Action Value" },
    { 2,                        "Invalid Capability Length" },
    { 3,                        "Malformed Capability Value" },
    { 4,                        "Unsupported Capability Code" },
    { 0, NULL }
};

static const struct tok bgp_origin_values[] = {
    { 0,                        "IGP"},
    { 1,                        "EGP"},
    { 2,                        "Incomplete"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP 1
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP  2
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM   3
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM    4
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR 5
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS   6
#define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP 7

static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values[] = {
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP, "RSVP-TE P2MP LSP"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP, "LDP P2MP LSP"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM, "PIM-SSM Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM, "PIM-SM Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR, "PIM-Bidir Tree"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS, "Ingress Replication"},
    { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP, "LDP MP2MP LSP"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_flag_values[] = {
    { 0x01, "Leaf Information required"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

#define BGP_AIGP_TLV 1

static const struct tok bgp_aigp_values[] = {
    { BGP_AIGP_TLV, "AIGP"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

/* Subsequent address family identifier, RFC2283 section 7 */
#define SAFNUM_RES                      0
#define SAFNUM_UNICAST                  1
#define SAFNUM_MULTICAST                2
#define SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST             3       /* deprecated now */
/* labeled BGP RFC3107 */
#define SAFNUM_LABUNICAST               4
/* RFC6514 */
#define SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN            5
/* draft-nalawade-kapoor-tunnel-safi */
#define SAFNUM_TUNNEL                   64
/* RFC4761 */
#define SAFNUM_VPLS                     65
/* RFC6037 */
#define SAFNUM_MDT                      66
/* RFC4364 */
#define SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST               128
/* RFC6513 */
#define SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST             129
#define SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST          130     /* deprecated now */
/* RFC4684 */
#define SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO          132

#define BGP_VPN_RD_LEN                  8

static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
    { SAFNUM_RES,               "Reserved"},
    { SAFNUM_UNICAST,           "Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_MULTICAST,         "Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST,      "Unicast+Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_LABUNICAST,        "labeled Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_TUNNEL,            "Tunnel"},
    { SAFNUM_VPLS,              "VPLS"},
    { SAFNUM_MDT,               "MDT"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST,        "labeled VPN Unicast"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST,      "labeled VPN Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST,   "labeled VPN Unicast+Multicast"},
    { SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO,   "Route Target Routing Information"},
    { SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN,     "Multicast VPN"},
    { 0, NULL }
};

/* well-known community */
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT			0xffffff01
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT			0xffffff02
#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED	0xffffff03

/* Extended community type - draft-ietf-idr-bgp-ext-communities-05 */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0        0x0002  /* Route Target,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1        0x0102  /* Route Target,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2        0x0202  /* Route Target,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0        0x0003  /* Route Origin,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1        0x0103  /* Route Origin,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2        0x0203  /* Route Origin,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND    0x4004  /* Link Bandwidth,Format AS(2B):Bandwidth(4B) */
                                        /* rfc2547 bgp-mpls-vpns */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN  0x0005  /* OSPF Domain ID / VPN of Origin  - draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE  0x0306  /* OSPF Route Type,Format Area(4B):RouteType(1B):Options(1B) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID    0x0107  /* OSPF Router ID,Format RouterID(4B):Unused(2B) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO      0x800a  /* draft-kompella-ppvpn-l2vpn */

#define BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS   0x0009  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP  0x010b  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0  0x000a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1  0xF10a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */

/* http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN   0x8800
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY  0x8801
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW 0x8802
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU  0x8803
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID  0x8804
#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC 0x8805

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_flag_values[] = {
    { 0x8000,                  "vendor-specific"},
    { 0x4000,                  "non-transitive"},
    { 0, NULL},
};

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2,        "target"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2,        "origin"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND,    "link-BW"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN,  "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4, "ospf-domain"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE,  "ospf-route-type"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2, "ospf-route-type"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID,    "ospf-router-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2,   "ospf-router-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO,      "layer2-info"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN , "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY , "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW , "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU , "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID , "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC , "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS, "source-AS" },
    { BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP, "vrf-route-import"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0, "l2vpn-id"},
    { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1, "l2vpn-id"},
    { 0, NULL},
};

/* OSPF codes for  BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls  */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR      1 /* OSPF Router LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET      2 /* OSPF Network LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM      3 /* OSPF Summary LSA */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT      5 /* OSPF External LSA, note that ASBR doesn't apply to MPLS-VPN */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA     7 /* OSPF NSSA External*/
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM     129 /* OSPF-MPLS-VPN Sham link */
#define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE 0x1 /* LSB of RTYPE Options Field */

static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values[] = {
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR, "Router" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET, "Network" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM, "Summary" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT, "External" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA,"NSSA External" },
  { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM,"MPLS-VPN Sham" },
  { 0, NULL },
};

/* ADD-PATH Send/Receive field values */
static const struct tok bgp_add_path_recvsend[] = {
  { 1, "Receive" },
  { 2, "Send" },
  { 3, "Both" },
  { 0, NULL },
};

static char astostr[20];

/*
 * as_printf
 *
 * Convert an AS number into a string and return string pointer.
 *
 * Depending on bflag is set or not, AS number is converted into ASDOT notation
 * or plain number notation.
 *
 */
static char *
as_printf(netdissect_options *ndo,
          char *str, int size, u_int asnum)
{
	if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
		snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
	} else {
		snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
	}
	return str;
}

#define ITEMCHECK(minlen) if (itemlen < minlen) goto badtlv;

int
decode_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	ITEMCHECK(1);
	plen = pptr[0];
	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[1], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
	return 1 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	/* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
	ITEMCHECK(4);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

        /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
           the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
           is added to the prefix length;
           we also do only read out just one label -
           there is no real application for advertisement of
           stacked labels in a single BGP message
        */

	if (24 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */

	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 4;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 4 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

/*
 * bgp_vpn_ip_print
 *
 * print an ipv4 or ipv6 address into a buffer dependend on address length.
 */
static char *
bgp_vpn_ip_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr, u_int addr_length)
{

    /* worst case string is s fully formatted v6 address */
    static char addr[sizeof("1234:5678:89ab:cdef:1234:5678:89ab:cdef")];
    char *pos = addr;

    switch(addr_length) {
    case (sizeof(struct in_addr) << 3): /* 32 */
        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));
        break;
    case (sizeof(struct in6_addr) << 3): /* 128 */
        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, pptr));
        break;
    default:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "bogus address length %u", addr_length);
        break;
    }
    pos += strlen(pos);

trunc:
    *(pos) = '\0';
    return (addr);
}

/*
 * bgp_vpn_sg_print
 *
 * print an multicast s,g entry into a buffer.
 * the s,g entry is encoded like this.
 *
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |   Multicast Source (Variable)     |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 * |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
 * +-----------------------------------+
 *
 * return the number of bytes read from the wire.
 */
static int
bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
    uint8_t addr_length;
    u_int total_length, offset;

    total_length = 0;

    /* Source address length, encoded in bits */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
    addr_length =  *pptr++;

    /* Source address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
    total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
    offset = strlen(buf);
    if (addr_length) {
        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Source %s",
                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
        pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
    }

    /* Group address length, encoded in bits */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
    addr_length =  *pptr++;

    /* Group address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
    total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
    offset = strlen(buf);
    if (addr_length) {
        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Group %s",
                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
        pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
    }

trunc:
    return (total_length);
}

/* RDs and RTs share the same semantics
 * we use bgp_vpn_rd_print for
 * printing route targets inside a NLRI */
char *
bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *pptr)
{
   /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
    static char rd[sizeof("xxxxxxxxxx:xxxxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx)")];
    char *pos = rd;

    /* ok lets load the RD format */
    switch (EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr)) {

        /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt*/
    case 0:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u:%u (= %u.%u.%u.%u)",
                 EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+2),
                 EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+4),
                 *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), *(pptr+6), *(pptr+7));
        break;
        /* IP-address:AS fmt*/

    case 1:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u.%u.%u.%u:%u",
            *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
        break;

        /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt*/
    case 2:
	snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+2)),
	    EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6), *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4),
	    *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
        break;
    default:
        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "unknown RD format");
        break;
    }
    pos += strlen(pos);
    *(pos) = '\0';
    return (rd);
}

static int
decode_rt_routing_info(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	uint8_t route_target[8];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if (0 == plen) {
		snprintf(buf, buflen, "default route target");
		return 1;
	}

	if (32 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=32; /* adjust prefix length */

	if (64 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&route_target, 0, sizeof(route_target));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&route_target, &pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&route_target)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "origin AS: %s, route target %s",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+1)),
	    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, (u_char *)&route_target));

	return 5 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in_addr addr;
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (32 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * +-------------------------------+
 * |                               |
 * |  RD:IPv4-address (12 octets)  |
 * |                               |
 * +-------------------------------+
 * |  MDT Group-address (4 octets) |
 * +-------------------------------+
 */

#define MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN 16

static int
decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(netdissect_options *ndo,
                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{

    const u_char *rd;
    const u_char *vpn_ip;

    ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);

    /* if the NLRI is not predefined length, quit.*/
    if (*pptr != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
	return -1;
    pptr++;

    /* RD */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 8);
    rd = pptr;
    pptr+=8;

    /* IPv4 address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
    vpn_ip = pptr;
    pptr+=sizeof(struct in_addr);

    /* MDT Group Address */
    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));

    snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, VPN IP Address: %s, MC Group Address: %s",
	     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), ipaddr_string(ndo, vpn_ip), ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));

    return MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN + 1;

 trunc:

return -2;
}

#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI   1
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI   2
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI            3
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF 4
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE     5
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN  6
#define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN  7

static const struct tok bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values[] = {
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI, "Intra-AS I-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI, "Inter-AS I-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI, "S-PMSI"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF, "Intra-AS Segment-Leaf"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE, "Source-Active"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN, "Shared Tree Join"},
    { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN, "Source Tree Join"},
    { 0, NULL}
};

static int
decode_multicast_vpn(netdissect_options *ndo,
                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t route_type, route_length, addr_length, sg_length;
        u_int offset;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
        route_type = *pptr++;
        route_length = *pptr++;

        snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
                 tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
                         "Unknown", route_type),
                 route_type, route_length);

        switch(route_type) {
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
                                      (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
            break;
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
            offset = strlen(buf);
	    snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
		bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
		as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
		EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;

            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], addr_length);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            break;

        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
            offset = strlen(buf);
	    snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
		bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
		as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
		EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;

            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
            break;

            /*
             * no per route-type printing yet.
             */
        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
        default:
            break;
        }

        return route_length + 2;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * As I remember, some versions of systems have an snprintf() that
 * returns -1 if the buffer would have overflowed.  If the return
 * value is negative, set buflen to 0, to indicate that we've filled
 * the buffer up.
 *
 * If the return value is greater than buflen, that means that
 * the buffer would have overflowed; again, set buflen to 0 in
 * that case.
 */
#define UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen) \
    if (stringlen<0) \
       	buflen=0; \
    else if ((u_int)stringlen>buflen) \
        buflen=0; \
    else { \
        buflen-=stringlen; \
	buf+=stringlen; \
    }

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_l2(netdissect_options *ndo,
                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        int plen,tlen,stringlen,tlv_type,tlv_len,ttlv_len;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
        plen=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
        tlen=plen;
        pptr+=2;
	/* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
         *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
         *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
         */
        if (plen==12) {
	    /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
	    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],12);
	    buf[0]='\0';
	    stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
			       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
			       ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+8)
			       );
	    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
	    pptr+=12;
	    tlen-=12;
	    return plen;
        } else if (plen>17) {
	    /* assume old format */
	    /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */

	    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],15);
	    buf[0]='\0';
	    stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
			       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
			       EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+8),
			       EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+10),
			       EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
	    pptr+=15;
	    tlen-=15;

	    /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
	    while (tlen>0) {
		if (tlen < 3)
		    return -1;
		ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 3);
		tlv_type=*pptr++;
		tlv_len=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
		ttlv_len=tlv_len;
		pptr+=2;

		switch(tlv_type) {
		case 1:
		    if (buflen!=0) {
			stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
					   tlv_type,
					   tlv_len);
			UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
		    }
		    ttlv_len=ttlv_len/8+1; /* how many bytes do we need to read ? */
		    while (ttlv_len>0) {
			ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
			if (buflen!=0) {
			    stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",*pptr++);
			    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
			}
			ttlv_len--;
		    }
		    break;
		default:
		    if (buflen!=0) {
			stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
					   tlv_type,
					   tlv_len);
			UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
		    }
		    break;
		}
		tlen-=(tlv_len<<3); /* the tlv-length is expressed in bits so lets shift it right */
	    }
	    return plen+2;

        } else {
	    /* complain bitterly ? */
	    /* fall through */
            goto trunc;
        }

trunc:
        return -2;
}

int
decode_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	ND_TCHECK(pd[0]);
	ITEMCHECK(1);
	plen = pd[0];
	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pd[1], plenbytes);
	ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pd[1], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
	return 1 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen, plenbytes;

	/* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
	ITEMCHECK(4);
	plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */

	if (24 > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */

	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;
	itemlen -= 4;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 4 + plenbytes;

trunc:
	return -2;

badtlv:
	return -3;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
	struct in6_addr addr;
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (128 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr.s6_addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
                   const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t addr[19];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */

	if (152 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d",
                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
                 plen);

	return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

static int
decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
                               const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
{
        uint8_t addr[19];
	u_int plen;

	ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
	plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */

	if ((24+64) > plen)
		return -1;

        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/

	if (152 < plen)
		return -1;

	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
	if (plen % 8) {
		addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
			((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
	}
        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
	snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
                 plen,
                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );

	return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;

trunc:
	return -2;
}

/*
 * bgp_attr_get_as_size
 *
 * Try to find the size of the ASs encoded in an as-path. It is not obvious, as
 * both Old speakers that do not support 4 byte AS, and the new speakers that do
 * support, exchange AS-Path with the same path-attribute type value 0x02.
 */
static int
bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
                     uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, int len)
{
    const u_char *tptr = pptr;

    /*
     * If the path attribute is the optional AS4 path type, then we already
     * know, that ASs must be encoded in 4 byte format.
     */
    if (bgpa_type == BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH) {
        return 4;
    }

    /*
     * Let us assume that ASs are of 2 bytes in size, and check if the AS-Path
     * TLV is good. If not, ask the caller to try with AS encoded as 4 bytes
     * each.
     */
    while (tptr < pptr + len) {
        ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);

        /*
         * If we do not find a valid segment type, our guess might be wrong.
         */
        if (tptr[0] < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || tptr[0] > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
            goto trunc;
        }
        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * 2;
    }

    /*
     * If we correctly reached end of the AS path attribute data content,
     * then most likely ASs were indeed encoded as 2 bytes.
     */
    if (tptr == pptr + len) {
        return 2;
    }

trunc:

    /*
     * We can come here, either we did not have enough data, or if we
     * try to decode 4 byte ASs in 2 byte format. Either way, return 4,
     * so that calller can try to decode each AS as of 4 bytes. If indeed
     * there was not enough data, it will crib and end the parse anyways.
     */
   return 4;
}

static int
bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
               u_int atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
{
	int i;
	uint16_t af;
	uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
        union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
            float f;
            uint32_t i;
        } bw;
	int advance;
	u_int tlen;
	const u_char *tptr;
	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
        int  as_size;

        tptr = pptr;
        tlen=len;

	switch (atype) {
	case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
		if (len != 1)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK(*tptr);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
						"Unknown Origin Typecode",
						tptr[0])));
		}
		break;

        /*
         * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
         */
	case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
	case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
		if (len % 2) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                if (!len) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "empty"));
			break;
                }

                /*
                 * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
                 * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
                 * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
                 * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
                 * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
                 * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
                 */
                as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);

		while (tptr < pptr + len) {
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
						"?", tptr[0])));
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
                        for (i = 0; i < tptr[1] * as_size; i += as_size) {
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[2 + i], as_size);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s ",
				as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
				as_size == 2 ?
				EXTRACT_16BITS(&tptr[2 + i]) :
				EXTRACT_32BITS(&tptr[2 + i]))));
                        }
			ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
						"?", tptr[0])));
                        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
                        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * as_size;
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
		if (len != 4)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
	case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
		if (len != 4)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		else {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)));
		}
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
		if (len != 0)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:

                /*
                 * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
                 * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
                 */
                if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                    break;
                }
                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], len);
                if (len == 6) {
		    ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
			as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
			ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 2)));
                } else {
		    ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
			as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
			EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)), ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
                }
                break;
	case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
		if (len != 8) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
		ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
	   	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)),
		    ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
		break;
	case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
		if (len % 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		while (tlen>0) {
			uint32_t comm;
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
			comm = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr);
			switch (comm) {
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT"));
				break;
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_ADVERTISE"));
				break;
			case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED"));
				break;
			default:
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u%s",
                                       (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
                                       comm & 0xffff,
                                       (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
				break;
			}
                        tlen -=4;
                        tptr +=4;
		}
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
		if (len != 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                break;
        case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
		if (len % 4) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                while (tlen>0) {
			ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s%s",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                                (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
                        tlen -=4;
                        tptr +=4;
                }
                break;
	case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);
		af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
		safi = tptr[2];

                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
                       af,
                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
                       safi));

                switch(af<<8 | safi) {
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
		case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    break;
                default:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                    goto done;
                    break;
                }

                tptr +=3;

		ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
		nhlen = tptr[0];
                tlen = nhlen;
                tptr++;

		if (tlen) {
                    int nnh = 0;
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    nexthop: "));
                    while (tlen > 0) {
                        if ( nnh++ > 0 ) {
                            ND_PRINT((ndo,  ", " ));
                        }
                        switch(af<<8 | safi) {
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
			    if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in_addr);
                                tptr += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in6_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
                                tptr += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr));
                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr));
                            }
                            break;
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", isonsap_string(ndo, tptr, tlen)));
                            tptr += tlen;
                            tlen = 0;
                            break;

                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                            if (tlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
                                tlen = 0;
                            } else {
                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
                                       isonsap_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
                                /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
                                if (EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4)));
                                /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
                                else if (EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3)));
                                tptr += tlen;
                                tlen = 0;
                            }
                            break;
                        default:
                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u/SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                                print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                            tptr += tlen;
                            tlen = 0;
                            goto done;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
		}
		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", nh-length: %u", nhlen));
		tptr += tlen;

		ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
		snpa = tptr[0];
		tptr++;

		if (snpa) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa));
			for (/*nothing*/; snpa > 0; snpa--) {
				ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %d bytes", tptr[0]));
				tptr += tptr[0] + 1;
			}
		} else {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ", no SNPA"));
                }

		while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
                        advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;

		    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
		      advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		      if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
		       break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,tlen);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                        advance = 0;
                        tptr = pptr + len;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (advance < 0)
                        break;
                    tptr += advance;
		}
        done:
		break;

	case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
		ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
		af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
		safi = tptr[2];

                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
                       af,
                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
                       safi));

                if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));

		tptr += 3;

		while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else if (advance == -3)
                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
		    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
		      advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		      if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
		       break;
                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                        if (advance == -1)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
                        else if (advance == -2)
                            goto trunc;
                        else
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr-3),tlen);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr-3, "\n\t    ", tlen);
                        advance = 0;
                        tptr = pptr + len;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (advance < 0)
                        break;
                    tptr += advance;
		}
		break;
        case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
		if (len % 8) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
                while (tlen>0) {
                    uint16_t extd_comm;

                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
                    extd_comm=EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);

		    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
			   tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
				      "unknown extd community typecode",
				      extd_comm),
			   extd_comm,
			   bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm)));

                    ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+2), 6);
                    switch(extd_comm) {
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %u:%u (= %s)",
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2),
                               EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4),
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
			    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
			    EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2)), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
			break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
		        bw.i = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2);
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
                               bw.f*8/1000000));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
                               tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
					  "unknown (0x%02x)",
					  *(tptr+6)),
                               (*(tptr+7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
                               ((*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : ""));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
                               tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
					  "unknown encaps",
					  *(tptr+2)),
                                       *(tptr+3),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+4)));
                        break;
                    case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": AS %u", EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2)));
                        break;
                    default:
                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,8);
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", 8);
                        break;
                    }
                    tlen -=8;
                    tptr +=8;
                }
                break;

        case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
        {
                uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;

                tunnel_type = *(tptr+1);
                flags = *tptr;
                tlen = len;

                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 5);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
                       tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
                       tunnel_type,
                       bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
                       EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+2)>>4));

                tptr +=5;
                tlen -= 5;

                switch (tunnel_type) {
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                    break;

                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
                    break;
                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
                    break;
                default:
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
	case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
	{
		uint8_t type;
		uint16_t length;

		tlen = len;

		while (tlen >= 3) {

		    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);

		    type = *tptr;
		    length = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+1);
		    tptr += 3;
		    tlen -= 3;

		    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
			      tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
			      type, length));

		    if (length < 3)
			goto trunc;
		    length -= 3;

		    /*
		     * Check if we can read the TLV data.
		     */
		    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[3], length);

		    switch (type) {

		    case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
		        if (length < 8)
		            goto trunc;
			ND_PRINT((ndo, ", metric %" PRIu64,
				  EXTRACT_64BITS(tptr)));
			break;

		    default:
			if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
			    print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr,"\n\t      ", length);
			}
		    }

		    tptr += length;
		    tlen -= length;
		}
		break;
	}
        case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
                if (len < 4)
                	goto trunc;
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
		    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr))));
		tptr+=4;
                len -=4;

                while (len) {
                    u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;

                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
                    if (len < 2)
                        goto trunc;
                    aflags = *tptr;
                    atype = *(tptr + 1);
                    tptr += 2;
                    len -= 2;
                    alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], alenlen);
                    if (len < alenlen)
                        goto trunc;
                    alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
                    tptr += alenlen;
                    len -= alenlen;

                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
                           tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
                                      "Unknown Attribute", atype),
                           atype,
                           alen));

                    if (aflags) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
                               aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
                               aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
                               aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
                               aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
                        if (aflags & 0xf)
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
                    }
                    /* FIXME check for recursion */
                    if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen))
                        return 0;
                    tptr += alen;
                    len -= alen;
		}
                break;

	case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
		if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
			break;
		}
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    "));
		while (len > 0) {
			ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 12);
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u:%u%s",
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr),
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 4),
				 EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 8),
				 (len > 12) ? ", " : ""));
                        tptr += 12;
                        len -= 12;
		}
		break;
	default:
	    ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype)); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
            break;
	}
        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
        }
        return 1;

trunc:
        return 0;
}

static void
bgp_capabilities_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *opt, int caps_len)
{
	int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
        int i = 0;

        while (i < caps_len) {
                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
                cap_type=opt[i];
                cap_len=opt[i+1];
                tcap_len=cap_len;
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
                       tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown",
                                  cap_type),
                       cap_type,
                       cap_len));
                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i+2], cap_len);
                switch (cap_type) {
                case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
                           tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
                                      EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)),
                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2),
                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
                                      opt[i+5]),
                           opt[i+5]));
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
                           ((opt[i+2])&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)&0xfff));
                    tcap_len-=2;
                    cap_offset=4;
                    while(tcap_len>=4) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
                               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
                                          EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
                               EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
                               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
                                          opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
                               opt[i+cap_offset+2],
                               ((opt[i+cap_offset+3])&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" ));
                        tcap_len-=4;
                        cap_offset+=4;
                    }
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:

                    /*
                     * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
                     */
                    if (cap_len == 4) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
                            as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
                            EXTRACT_32BITS(opt + i + 2))));
                    }
                    break;
                case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
                    cap_offset=2;
                    if (tcap_len == 0) {
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, " (bogus)")); /* length */
                        break;
                    }
                    while (tcap_len > 0) {
                        if (tcap_len < 4) {
                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t(invalid)"));
                            break;
                        }
                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
                                  tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
                                  EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
                                  tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
                                  opt[i+cap_offset+2],
                                  tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",opt[i+cap_offset+3])
                        ));
                        tcap_len-=4;
                        cap_offset+=4;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
                           cap_type));
                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
                        print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
                    break;
                }
                if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len > 0) {
                    print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
                }
                i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
        }
        return;

trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_open_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
               const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp_open bgpo;
	struct bgp_opt bgpopt;
	const u_char *opt;
	int i;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgpo, dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);

	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Version %d, ", bgpo.bgpo_version));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "my AS %s, ",
	    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_myas))));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "Holdtime %us, ", ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_holdtime)));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "ID %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bgpo.bgpo_id)));
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", bgpo.bgpo_optlen));

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (length < bgpo.bgpo_optlen+BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
            return;

	/* ugly! */
	opt = &((const struct bgp_open *)dat)->bgpo_optlen;
	opt++;

	i = 0;
	while (i < bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
		ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
		memcpy(&bgpopt, &opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
		if (i + 2 + bgpopt.bgpopt_len > bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t     Option %d, length: %u", bgpopt.bgpopt_type, bgpopt.bgpopt_len));
			break;
		}

		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
		       tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",
				  bgpopt.bgpopt_type),
		       bgpopt.bgpopt_type,
		       bgpopt.bgpopt_len));

		/* now let's decode the options we know*/
		switch(bgpopt.bgpopt_type) {

		case BGP_OPT_CAP:
			bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, &opt[i+BGP_OPT_SIZE],
			    bgpopt.bgpopt_len);
			break;

		case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
		default:
		       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
			   bgpopt.bgpopt_type));
		       break;
		}
		i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + bgpopt.bgpopt_len;
	}
	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_update_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp bgp;
	const u_char *p;
	int withdrawn_routes_len;
	int len;
	int i;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
	if (length < BGP_SIZE)
		goto trunc;
	memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
	p = dat + BGP_SIZE;	/*XXX*/
	length -= BGP_SIZE;

	/* Unfeasible routes */
	ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
	if (length < 2)
		goto trunc;
	withdrawn_routes_len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
	p += 2;
	length -= 2;
	if (withdrawn_routes_len) {
		/*
		 * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
		 * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
		 * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
	         */
		ND_TCHECK2(p[0], withdrawn_routes_len);
		if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
			goto trunc;
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Withdrawn routes: %d bytes", withdrawn_routes_len));
		p += withdrawn_routes_len;
		length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
	}

	ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
	if (length < 2)
		goto trunc;
	len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
	p += 2;
	length -= 2;

        if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
            /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));
            return;
        }

	if (len) {
		/* do something more useful!*/
		while (len) {
			int aflags, atype, alenlen, alen;

			ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
			if (len < 2)
			    goto trunc;
			if (length < 2)
			    goto trunc;
			aflags = *p;
			atype = *(p + 1);
			p += 2;
			len -= 2;
			length -= 2;
			alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
			ND_TCHECK2(p[0], alenlen);
			if (len < alenlen)
			    goto trunc;
			if (length < alenlen)
			    goto trunc;
			alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
			p += alenlen;
			len -= alenlen;
			length -= alenlen;

			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
                              tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute",
					 atype),
                              atype,
                              alen));

			if (aflags) {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
					aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
					aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
					aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
					aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
				if (aflags & 0xf)
					ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
			}
			if (len < alen)
				goto trunc;
			if (length < alen)
				goto trunc;
			if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen))
				goto trunc;
			p += alen;
			len -= alen;
			length -= alen;
		}
	}

	if (length) {
		/*
		 * XXX - what if they're using the "Advertisement of
		 * Multiple Paths in BGP" feature:
		 *
		 * https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths/
		 *
		 * http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths-06
		 */
		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Updated routes:"));
		while (length) {
			char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
			i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
			if (i == -1) {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
				break;
			} else if (i == -2)
				goto trunc;
			else if (i == -3)
				goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
			else {
				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s", buf));
				p += i;
				length -= i;
			}
		}
	}
	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_notification_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                       const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp_notification bgpn;
	const u_char *tptr;
	uint8_t shutdown_comm_length;
	uint8_t remainder_offset;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgpn, dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
            return;

	ND_PRINT((ndo, ", %s (%u)",
	       tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
			  bgpn.bgpn_major),
	       bgpn.bgpn_major));

        switch (bgpn.bgpn_major) {

        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));
            break;
        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
		   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
			      bgpn.bgpn_minor),
		   bgpn.bgpn_minor));

	    /* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 mentions optionally 7 bytes
             * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
             */
	    if(bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
		tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
		ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 7);
		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
		       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
				  EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
		       EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr),
		       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", *(tptr+2)),
		       *(tptr+2),
		       EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+3)));
	    }
	    /*
	     * draft-ietf-idr-shutdown describes a method to send a communication
	     * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
	     */
	    if ((bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
		bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
		length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
		    tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
		    ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 1);
		    shutdown_comm_length = *(tptr);
		    remainder_offset = 0;
		    /* garbage, hexdump it all */
		    if (shutdown_comm_length > BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN ||
			shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", invalid Shutdown Communication length"));
		    }
		    else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", empty Shutdown Communication"));
			    remainder_offset += 1;
		    }
		    /* a proper shutdown communication */
		    else {
			    ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+1), shutdown_comm_length);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length));
			    (void)fn_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
			    remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
		    }
		    /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
		    if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
			    ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)));
			    hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
		    }
	    }
	    break;
	default:
            break;
        }

	return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static void
bgp_route_refresh_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                        const u_char *pptr, int len)
{
        const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;

	ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);

        /* some little sanity checking */
        if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
            return;

        bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;

        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
			  /* this stinks but the compiler pads the structure
			   * weird */
			  EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
               EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
			  bgp_route_refresh_header->safi),
               bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));

        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr, len);
            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
        }

        return;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
}

static int
bgp_header_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                 const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	struct bgp bgp;

	ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
	memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
               tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp.bgp_type),
               bgp.bgp_type,
               length));

	switch (bgp.bgp_type) {
	case BGP_OPEN:
		bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
	case BGP_UPDATE:
		bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
	case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
		bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
		break;
        case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
                break;
        case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
                bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
                break;
        default:
                /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
                ND_TCHECK2(*dat, length);
                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp.bgp_type));
                print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
                break;
	}
	return 1;
trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
	return 0;
}

void
bgp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
          const u_char *dat, int length)
{
	const u_char *p;
	const u_char *ep;
	const u_char *start;
	const u_char marker[] = {
		0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
		0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
	};
	struct bgp bgp;
	uint16_t hlen;

	ep = dat + length;
	if (ndo->ndo_snapend < dat + length)
		ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;

	ND_PRINT((ndo, ": BGP"));

        if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
                return;

	p = dat;
	start = p;
	while (p < ep) {
		if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], 1))
			break;
		if (p[0] != 0xff) {
			p++;
			continue;
		}

		if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], sizeof(marker)))
			break;
		if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
			p++;
			continue;
		}

		/* found BGP header */
		ND_TCHECK2(p[0], BGP_SIZE);	/*XXX*/
		memcpy(&bgp, p, BGP_SIZE);

		if (start != p)
			ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));

		hlen = ntohs(bgp.bgp_len);
		if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP Bogus header length %u < %u]", hlen,
			    BGP_SIZE));
			break;
		}

		if (ND_TTEST2(p[0], hlen)) {
			if (!bgp_header_print(ndo, p, hlen))
				return;
			p += hlen;
			start = p;
		} else {
			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP %s]",
			       tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
					  "Unknown Message Type",
					  bgp.bgp_type)));
			break;
		}
	}

	return;

trunc:
	ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));
}

/*
 * Local Variables:
 * c-style: whitesmith
 * c-basic-offset: 4
 * End:
 */