Program: CWE-20
Project: CVE-2018-14055
Buggy source:
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2018 ZNC, see the NOTICE file for details.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <znc/Config.h>
#include <znc/FileUtils.h>
#include <stack>
#include <sstream>

struct ConfigStackEntry {
    CString sTag;
    CString sName;
    CConfig Config;

    ConfigStackEntry(const CString& Tag, const CString Name)
        : sTag(Tag), sName(Name), Config() {}
};

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry() : m_pSubConfig(nullptr) {}

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry(const CConfig& Config)
    : m_pSubConfig(new CConfig(Config)) {}

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry(const CConfigEntry& other) : m_pSubConfig(nullptr) {
    if (other.m_pSubConfig) m_pSubConfig = new CConfig(*other.m_pSubConfig);
}

CConfigEntry::~CConfigEntry() { delete m_pSubConfig; }

CConfigEntry& CConfigEntry::operator=(const CConfigEntry& other) {
    delete m_pSubConfig;
    if (other.m_pSubConfig)
        m_pSubConfig = new CConfig(*other.m_pSubConfig);
    else
        m_pSubConfig = nullptr;
    return *this;
}

bool CConfig::Parse(CFile& file, CString& sErrorMsg) {
    CString sLine;
    unsigned int uLineNum = 0;
    CConfig* pActiveConfig = this;
    std::stack<ConfigStackEntry> ConfigStack;
    bool bCommented = false;  // support for /**/ style comments

    if (!file.Seek(0)) {
        sErrorMsg = "Could not seek to the beginning of the config.";
        return false;
    }

    while (file.ReadLine(sLine)) {
        uLineNum++;

#define ERROR(arg)                                             \
    do {                                                       \
        std::stringstream stream;                              \
        stream << "Error on line " << uLineNum << ": " << arg; \
        sErrorMsg = stream.str();                              \
        m_SubConfigs.clear();                                  \
        m_ConfigEntries.clear();                               \
        return false;                                          \
    } while (0)

        // Remove all leading spaces and trailing line endings
        sLine.TrimLeft();
        sLine.TrimRight("\r\n");

        if (bCommented || sLine.StartsWith("/*")) {
            /* Does this comment end on the same line again? */
            bCommented = (!sLine.EndsWith("*/"));

            continue;
        }

        if ((sLine.empty()) || (sLine.StartsWith("#")) ||
            (sLine.StartsWith("//"))) {
            continue;
        }

        if ((sLine.StartsWith("<")) && (sLine.EndsWith(">"))) {
            sLine.LeftChomp();
            sLine.RightChomp();
            sLine.Trim();

            CString sTag = sLine.Token(0);
            CString sValue = sLine.Token(1, true);

            sTag.Trim();
            sValue.Trim();

            if (sTag.TrimPrefix("/")) {
                if (!sValue.empty())
                    ERROR("Malformated closing tag. Expected \"</" << sTag
                                                                   << ">\".");
                if (ConfigStack.empty())
                    ERROR("Closing tag \"" << sTag << "\" which is not open.");

                const struct ConfigStackEntry& entry = ConfigStack.top();
                CConfig myConfig(entry.Config);
                CString sName(entry.sName);

                if (!sTag.Equals(entry.sTag))
                    ERROR("Closing tag \"" << sTag << "\" which is not open.");

                // This breaks entry
                ConfigStack.pop();

                if (ConfigStack.empty())
                    pActiveConfig = this;
                else
                    pActiveConfig = &ConfigStack.top().Config;

                SubConfig& conf = pActiveConfig->m_SubConfigs[sTag.AsLower()];
                SubConfig::const_iterator it = conf.find(sName);

                if (it != conf.end())
                    ERROR("Duplicate entry for tag \"" << sTag << "\" name \""
                                                       << sName << "\".");

                conf[sName] = CConfigEntry(myConfig);
            } else {
                if (sValue.empty())
                    ERROR("Empty block name at begin of block.");
                ConfigStack.push(ConfigStackEntry(sTag.AsLower(), sValue));
                pActiveConfig = &ConfigStack.top().Config;
            }

            continue;
        }

        // If we have a regular line, figure out where it goes
        CString sName = sLine.Token(0, false, "=");
        CString sValue = sLine.Token(1, true, "=");

        // Only remove the first space, people might want
        // leading spaces (e.g. in the MOTD).
        sValue.TrimPrefix(" ");

        // We don't have any names with spaces, trim all
        // leading/trailing spaces.
        sName.Trim();

        if (sName.empty() || sValue.empty()) ERROR("Malformed line");

        CString sNameLower = sName.AsLower();
        pActiveConfig->m_ConfigEntries[sNameLower].push_back(sValue);
    }

    if (bCommented) ERROR("Comment not closed at end of file.");

    if (!ConfigStack.empty()) {
        const CString& sTag = ConfigStack.top().sTag;
        ERROR(
            "Not all tags are closed at the end of the file. Inner-most open "
            "tag is \""
            << sTag << "\".");
    }

    return true;
}

void CConfig::Write(CFile& File, unsigned int iIndentation) {
    CString sIndentation = CString(iIndentation, '\t');

    for (const auto& it : m_ConfigEntries) {
        for (const CString& sValue : it.second) {
            File.Write(sIndentation + it.first + " = " + sValue + "\n");
        }
    }

    for (const auto& it : m_SubConfigs) {
        for (const auto& it2 : it.second) {
            File.Write("\n");

            File.Write(sIndentation + "<" + it.first + " " + it2.first + ">\n");
            it2.second.m_pSubConfig->Write(File, iIndentation + 1);
            File.Write(sIndentation + "</" + it.first + ">\n");
        }
    }
}


Fixed version (ground truth):
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2018 ZNC, see the NOTICE file for details.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <znc/Config.h>
#include <znc/FileUtils.h>
#include <stack>
#include <sstream>

struct ConfigStackEntry {
    CString sTag;
    CString sName;
    CConfig Config;

    ConfigStackEntry(const CString& Tag, const CString Name)
        : sTag(Tag), sName(Name), Config() {}
};

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry() : m_pSubConfig(nullptr) {}

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry(const CConfig& Config)
    : m_pSubConfig(new CConfig(Config)) {}

CConfigEntry::CConfigEntry(const CConfigEntry& other) : m_pSubConfig(nullptr) {
    if (other.m_pSubConfig) m_pSubConfig = new CConfig(*other.m_pSubConfig);
}

CConfigEntry::~CConfigEntry() { delete m_pSubConfig; }

CConfigEntry& CConfigEntry::operator=(const CConfigEntry& other) {
    delete m_pSubConfig;
    if (other.m_pSubConfig)
        m_pSubConfig = new CConfig(*other.m_pSubConfig);
    else
        m_pSubConfig = nullptr;
    return *this;
}

bool CConfig::Parse(CFile& file, CString& sErrorMsg) {
    CString sLine;
    unsigned int uLineNum = 0;
    CConfig* pActiveConfig = this;
    std::stack<ConfigStackEntry> ConfigStack;
    bool bCommented = false;  // support for /**/ style comments

    if (!file.Seek(0)) {
        sErrorMsg = "Could not seek to the beginning of the config.";
        return false;
    }

    while (file.ReadLine(sLine)) {
        uLineNum++;

#define ERROR(arg)                                             \
    do {                                                       \
        std::stringstream stream;                              \
        stream << "Error on line " << uLineNum << ": " << arg; \
        sErrorMsg = stream.str();                              \
        m_SubConfigs.clear();                                  \
        m_ConfigEntries.clear();                               \
        return false;                                          \
    } while (0)

        // Remove all leading spaces and trailing line endings
        sLine.TrimLeft();
        sLine.TrimRight("\r\n");

        if (bCommented || sLine.StartsWith("/*")) {
            /* Does this comment end on the same line again? */
            bCommented = (!sLine.EndsWith("*/"));

            continue;
        }

        if ((sLine.empty()) || (sLine.StartsWith("#")) ||
            (sLine.StartsWith("//"))) {
            continue;
        }

        if ((sLine.StartsWith("<")) && (sLine.EndsWith(">"))) {
            sLine.LeftChomp();
            sLine.RightChomp();
            sLine.Trim();

            CString sTag = sLine.Token(0);
            CString sValue = sLine.Token(1, true);

            sTag.Trim();
            sValue.Trim();

            if (sTag.TrimPrefix("/")) {
                if (!sValue.empty())
                    ERROR("Malformated closing tag. Expected \"</" << sTag
                                                                   << ">\".");
                if (ConfigStack.empty())
                    ERROR("Closing tag \"" << sTag << "\" which is not open.");

                const struct ConfigStackEntry& entry = ConfigStack.top();
                CConfig myConfig(entry.Config);
                CString sName(entry.sName);

                if (!sTag.Equals(entry.sTag))
                    ERROR("Closing tag \"" << sTag << "\" which is not open.");

                // This breaks entry
                ConfigStack.pop();

                if (ConfigStack.empty())
                    pActiveConfig = this;
                else
                    pActiveConfig = &ConfigStack.top().Config;

                SubConfig& conf = pActiveConfig->m_SubConfigs[sTag.AsLower()];
                SubConfig::const_iterator it = conf.find(sName);

                if (it != conf.end())
                    ERROR("Duplicate entry for tag \"" << sTag << "\" name \""
                                                       << sName << "\".");

                conf[sName] = CConfigEntry(myConfig);
            } else {
                if (sValue.empty())
                    ERROR("Empty block name at begin of block.");
                ConfigStack.push(ConfigStackEntry(sTag.AsLower(), sValue));
                pActiveConfig = &ConfigStack.top().Config;
            }

            continue;
        }

        // If we have a regular line, figure out where it goes
        CString sName = sLine.Token(0, false, "=");
        CString sValue = sLine.Token(1, true, "=");

        // Only remove the first space, people might want
        // leading spaces (e.g. in the MOTD).
        sValue.TrimPrefix(" ");

        // We don't have any names with spaces, trim all
        // leading/trailing spaces.
        sName.Trim();

        if (sName.empty() || sValue.empty()) ERROR("Malformed line");

        CString sNameLower = sName.AsLower();
        pActiveConfig->m_ConfigEntries[sNameLower].push_back(sValue);
    }

    if (bCommented) ERROR("Comment not closed at end of file.");

    if (!ConfigStack.empty()) {
        const CString& sTag = ConfigStack.top().sTag;
        ERROR(
            "Not all tags are closed at the end of the file. Inner-most open "
            "tag is \""
            << sTag << "\".");
    }

    return true;
}

void CConfig::Write(CFile& File, unsigned int iIndentation) {
    CString sIndentation = CString(iIndentation, '\t');

    auto SingleLine = [](const CString& s) {
        return s.Replace_n("\r", "").Replace_n("\n", "");
    };

    for (const auto& it : m_ConfigEntries) {
        for (const CString& sValue : it.second) {
            File.Write(SingleLine(sIndentation + it.first + " = " + sValue) +
                       "\n");
        }
    }

    for (const auto& it : m_SubConfigs) {
        for (const auto& it2 : it.second) {
            File.Write("\n");

            File.Write(SingleLine(sIndentation + "<" + it.first + " " +
                                  it2.first + ">") +
                       "\n");
            it2.second.m_pSubConfig->Write(File, iIndentation + 1);
            File.Write(SingleLine(sIndentation + "</" + it.first + ">") + "\n");
        }
    }
}