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A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started. If you're interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we'll review it! The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource.
- Check out the Autoformer blog-post in HuggingFace blog: [Yes, Transformers are Effective for Time Series Forecasting (+ Autoformer)](https://huggingface.co/blog/autoformer) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/autoformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/autoformer/#resources | #resources | .md | 369_2 |
AutoformerConfig
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of an [`AutoformerModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
Autoformer model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Autoformer
[huggingface/autoformer-tourism-monthly](https://huggingface.co/huggingface/autoformer-tourism-monthly)
architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
prediction_length (`int`):
The prediction length for the decoder. In other words, the prediction horizon of the model.
context_length (`int`, *optional*, defaults to `prediction_length`):
The context length for the encoder. If unset, the context length will be the same as the
`prediction_length`.
distribution_output (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"student_t"`):
The distribution emission head for the model. Could be either "student_t", "normal" or "negative_binomial".
loss (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"nll"`):
The loss function for the model corresponding to the `distribution_output` head. For parametric
distributions it is the negative log likelihood (nll) - which currently is the only supported one.
input_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
The size of the target variable which by default is 1 for univariate targets. Would be > 1 in case of
multivariate targets.
lags_sequence (`list[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]`):
The lags of the input time series as covariates often dictated by the frequency. Default is `[1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7]`.
scaling (`bool`, *optional* defaults to `True`):
Whether to scale the input targets.
num_time_features (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The number of time features in the input time series.
num_dynamic_real_features (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The number of dynamic real valued features.
num_static_categorical_features (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The number of static categorical features.
num_static_real_features (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The number of static real valued features.
cardinality (`list[int]`, *optional*):
The cardinality (number of different values) for each of the static categorical features. Should be a list
of integers, having the same length as `num_static_categorical_features`. Cannot be `None` if
`num_static_categorical_features` is > 0.
embedding_dimension (`list[int]`, *optional*):
The dimension of the embedding for each of the static categorical features. Should be a list of integers,
having the same length as `num_static_categorical_features`. Cannot be `None` if
`num_static_categorical_features` is > 0.
d_model (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Dimensionality of the transformer layers.
encoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Number of encoder layers.
decoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Number of decoder layers.
encoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
decoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
encoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in encoder.
decoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
activation_function (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and decoder. If string, `"gelu"` and
`"relu"` are supported.
dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the encoder, and decoder.
encoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for the attention and fully connected layers for each encoder layer.
decoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for the attention and fully connected layers for each decoder layer.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for the attention probabilities.
activation_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability used between the two layers of the feed-forward networks.
num_parallel_samples (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 100):
The number of samples to generate in parallel for each time step of inference.
init_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated normal weight initialization distribution.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to use the past key/values attentions (if applicable to the model) to speed up decoding.
label_length (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 10):
Start token length of the Autoformer decoder, which is used for direct multi-step prediction (i.e.
non-autoregressive generation).
moving_average (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 25):
The window size of the moving average. In practice, it's the kernel size in AvgPool1d of the Decomposition
Layer.
autocorrelation_factor (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
"Attention" (i.e. AutoCorrelation mechanism) factor which is used to find top k autocorrelations delays.
It's recommended in the paper to set it to a number between 1 and 5.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoformerConfig, AutoformerModel
>>> # Initializing a default Autoformer configuration
>>> configuration = AutoformerConfig()
>>> # Randomly initializing a model (with random weights) from the configuration
>>> model = AutoformerModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/autoformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/autoformer/#autoformerconfig | #autoformerconfig | .md | 369_3 |
AutoformerModel
The bare Autoformer Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`AutoformerConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/autoformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/autoformer/#autoformermodel | #autoformermodel | .md | 369_4 |
AutoformerForPrediction
The Autoformer Model with a distribution head on top for time-series forecasting.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`AutoformerConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/autoformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/autoformer/#autoformerforprediction | #autoformerforprediction | .md | 369_5 |
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/ | .md | 370_0 |
|
The CLIPSeg model was proposed in [Image Segmentation Using Text and Image Prompts](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10003) by Timo Lüddecke
and Alexander Ecker. CLIPSeg adds a minimal decoder on top of a frozen [CLIP](clip) model for zero-shot and one-shot image segmentation.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Image segmentation is usually addressed by training a
model for a fixed set of object classes. Incorporating additional classes or more complex queries later is expensive
as it requires re-training the model on a dataset that encompasses these expressions. Here we propose a system
that can generate image segmentations based on arbitrary
prompts at test time. A prompt can be either a text or an
image. This approach enables us to create a unified model
(trained once) for three common segmentation tasks, which
come with distinct challenges: referring expression segmentation, zero-shot segmentation and one-shot segmentation.
We build upon the CLIP model as a backbone which we extend with a transformer-based decoder that enables dense
prediction. After training on an extended version of the
PhraseCut dataset, our system generates a binary segmentation map for an image based on a free-text prompt or on
an additional image expressing the query. We analyze different variants of the latter image-based prompts in detail.
This novel hybrid input allows for dynamic adaptation not
only to the three segmentation tasks mentioned above, but
to any binary segmentation task where a text or image query
can be formulated. Finally, we find our system to adapt well
to generalized queries involving affordances or properties*
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/model_doc/clipseg_architecture.png"
alt="drawing" width="600"/>
<small> CLIPSeg overview. Taken from the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10003">original paper.</a> </small>
This model was contributed by [nielsr](https://huggingface.co/nielsr).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/timojl/clipseg). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#overview | #overview | .md | 370_1 |
- [`CLIPSegForImageSegmentation`] adds a decoder on top of [`CLIPSegModel`]. The latter is identical to [`CLIPModel`].
- [`CLIPSegForImageSegmentation`] can generate image segmentations based on arbitrary prompts at test time. A prompt can be either a text
(provided to the model as `input_ids`) or an image (provided to the model as `conditional_pixel_values`). One can also provide custom
conditional embeddings (provided to the model as `conditional_embeddings`). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 370_2 |
A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with CLIPSeg. If you're interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we'll review it! The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource.
<PipelineTag pipeline="image-segmentation"/>
- A notebook that illustrates [zero-shot image segmentation with CLIPSeg](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/CLIPSeg/Zero_shot_image_segmentation_with_CLIPSeg.ipynb). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#resources | #resources | .md | 370_3 |
[`CLIPSegConfig`] is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`CLIPSegModel`]. It is used to
instantiate a CLIPSeg model according to the specified arguments, defining the text model and vision model configs.
Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the CLIPSeg
[CIDAS/clipseg-rd64](https://huggingface.co/CIDAS/clipseg-rd64) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
text_config (`dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary of configuration options used to initialize [`CLIPSegTextConfig`].
vision_config (`dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary of configuration options used to initialize [`CLIPSegVisionConfig`].
projection_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
Dimensionality of text and vision projection layers.
logit_scale_init_value (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 2.6592):
The initial value of the *logit_scale* parameter. Default is used as per the original CLIPSeg implementation.
extract_layers (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[3, 6, 9]`):
Layers to extract when forwarding the query image through the frozen visual backbone of CLIP.
reduce_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Dimensionality to reduce the CLIP vision embedding.
decoder_num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4):
Number of attention heads in the decoder of CLIPSeg.
decoder_attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
decoder_hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"quick_gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` `"quick_gelu"` are supported.
decoder_intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layers in the Transformer decoder.
conditional_layer (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The layer to use of the Transformer encoder whose activations will be combined with the condition
embeddings using FiLM (Feature-wise Linear Modulation). If 0, the last layer is used.
use_complex_transposed_convolution (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to use a more complex transposed convolution in the decoder, enabling more fine-grained
segmentation.
kwargs (*optional*):
Dictionary of keyword arguments.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import CLIPSegConfig, CLIPSegModel
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegConfig with CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> configuration = CLIPSegConfig()
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegModel (with random weights) from the CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> model = CLIPSegModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
>>> # We can also initialize a CLIPSegConfig from a CLIPSegTextConfig and a CLIPSegVisionConfig
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegText and CLIPSegVision configuration
>>> config_text = CLIPSegTextConfig()
>>> config_vision = CLIPSegVisionConfig()
>>> config = CLIPSegConfig.from_text_vision_configs(config_text, config_vision)
```
Methods: from_text_vision_configs | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegconfig | #clipsegconfig | .md | 370_4 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`CLIPSegModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
CLIPSeg model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the CLIPSeg
[CIDAS/clipseg-rd64](https://huggingface.co/CIDAS/clipseg-rd64) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 49408):
Vocabulary size of the CLIPSeg text model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented
by the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`CLIPSegModel`].
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 77):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"quick_gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` `"quick_gelu"` are supported.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
initializer_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
A factor for initializing all weight matrices (should be kept to 1, used internally for initialization
testing).
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
Padding token id.
bos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 49406):
Beginning of stream token id.
eos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 49407):
End of stream token id.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import CLIPSegTextConfig, CLIPSegTextModel
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegTextConfig with CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> configuration = CLIPSegTextConfig()
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegTextModel (with random weights) from the CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> model = CLIPSegTextModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegtextconfig | #clipsegtextconfig | .md | 370_5 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`CLIPSegModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
CLIPSeg model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the CLIPSeg
[CIDAS/clipseg-rd64](https://huggingface.co/CIDAS/clipseg-rd64) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The number of input channels.
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 224):
The size (resolution) of each image.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
The size (resolution) of each patch.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"quick_gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` `"quick_gelu"` are supported.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
initializer_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
A factor for initializing all weight matrices (should be kept to 1, used internally for initialization
testing).
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import CLIPSegVisionConfig, CLIPSegVisionModel
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegVisionConfig with CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> configuration = CLIPSegVisionConfig()
>>> # Initializing a CLIPSegVisionModel (with random weights) from the CIDAS/clipseg-rd64 style configuration
>>> model = CLIPSegVisionModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegvisionconfig | #clipsegvisionconfig | .md | 370_6 |
Constructs a CLIPSeg processor which wraps a CLIPSeg image processor and a CLIP tokenizer into a single processor.
[`CLIPSegProcessor`] offers all the functionalities of [`ViTImageProcessor`] and [`CLIPTokenizerFast`]. See the
[`~CLIPSegProcessor.__call__`] and [`~CLIPSegProcessor.decode`] for more information.
Args:
image_processor ([`ViTImageProcessor`], *optional*):
The image processor is a required input.
tokenizer ([`CLIPTokenizerFast`], *optional*):
The tokenizer is a required input. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegprocessor | #clipsegprocessor | .md | 370_7 |
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`CLIPSegConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward
- get_text_features
- get_image_features | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegmodel | #clipsegmodel | .md | 370_8 |
No docstring available for CLIPSegTextModel
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegtextmodel | #clipsegtextmodel | .md | 370_9 |
No docstring available for CLIPSegVisionModel
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegvisionmodel | #clipsegvisionmodel | .md | 370_10 |
CLIPSeg model with a Transformer-based decoder on top for zero-shot and one-shot image segmentation.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`CLIPSegConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/clipseg.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/clipseg/#clipsegforimagesegmentation | #clipsegforimagesegmentation | .md | 370_11 |
<!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/ | .md | 371_0 |
|
The Conditional DETR model was proposed in [Conditional DETR for Fast Training Convergence](https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06152) by Depu Meng, Xiaokang Chen, Zejia Fan, Gang Zeng, Houqiang Li, Yuhui Yuan, Lei Sun, Jingdong Wang. Conditional DETR presents a conditional cross-attention mechanism for fast DETR training. Conditional DETR converges 6.7× to 10× faster than DETR.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*The recently-developed DETR approach applies the transformer encoder and decoder architecture to object detection and achieves promising performance. In this paper, we handle the critical issue, slow training convergence, and present a conditional cross-attention mechanism for fast DETR training. Our approach is motivated by that the cross-attention in DETR relies highly on the content embeddings for localizing the four extremities and predicting the box, which increases the need for high-quality content embeddings and thus the training difficulty. Our approach, named conditional DETR, learns a conditional spatial query from the decoder embedding for decoder multi-head cross-attention. The benefit is that through the conditional spatial query, each cross-attention head is able to attend to a band containing a distinct region, e.g., one object extremity or a region inside the object box. This narrows down the spatial range for localizing the distinct regions for object classification and box regression, thus relaxing the dependence on the content embeddings and easing the training. Empirical results show that conditional DETR converges 6.7× faster for the backbones R50 and R101 and 10× faster for stronger backbones DC5-R50 and DC5-R101. Code is available at https://github.com/Atten4Vis/ConditionalDETR.*
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/model_doc/conditional_detr_curve.jpg"
alt="drawing" width="600"/>
<small> Conditional DETR shows much faster convergence compared to the original DETR. Taken from the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06152">original paper</a>.</small>
This model was contributed by [DepuMeng](https://huggingface.co/DepuMeng). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/Atten4Vis/ConditionalDETR). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#overview | #overview | .md | 371_1 |
- Scripts for finetuning [`ConditionalDetrForObjectDetection`] with [`Trainer`] or [Accelerate](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate/index) can be found [here](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/object-detection).
- See also: [Object detection task guide](../tasks/object_detection). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#resources | #resources | .md | 371_2 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`ConditionalDetrModel`]. It is used to instantiate
a Conditional DETR model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Conditional DETR
[microsoft/conditional-detr-resnet-50](https://huggingface.co/microsoft/conditional-detr-resnet-50) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
use_timm_backbone (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not to use the `timm` library for the backbone. If set to `False`, will use the [`AutoBackbone`]
API.
backbone_config (`PretrainedConfig` or `dict`, *optional*):
The configuration of the backbone model. Only used in case `use_timm_backbone` is set to `False` in which
case it will default to `ResNetConfig()`.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The number of input channels.
num_queries (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 100):
Number of object queries, i.e. detection slots. This is the maximal number of objects
[`ConditionalDetrModel`] can detect in a single image. For COCO, we recommend 100 queries.
d_model (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 256):
Dimension of the layers.
encoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 6):
Number of encoder layers.
decoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 6):
Number of decoder layers.
encoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
decoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
decoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
encoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
activation_function (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"silu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
activation_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for activations inside the fully connected layer.
init_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
init_xavier_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
The scaling factor used for the Xavier initialization gain in the HM Attention map module.
encoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The LayerDrop probability for the encoder. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556)
for more details.
decoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The LayerDrop probability for the decoder. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556)
for more details.
auxiliary_loss (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether auxiliary decoding losses (loss at each decoder layer) are to be used.
position_embedding_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"sine"`):
Type of position embeddings to be used on top of the image features. One of `"sine"` or `"learned"`.
backbone (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"resnet50"`):
Name of backbone to use when `backbone_config` is `None`. If `use_pretrained_backbone` is `True`, this
will load the corresponding pretrained weights from the timm or transformers library. If `use_pretrained_backbone`
is `False`, this loads the backbone's config and uses that to initialize the backbone with random weights.
use_pretrained_backbone (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to use pretrained weights for the backbone.
backbone_kwargs (`dict`, *optional*):
Keyword arguments to be passed to AutoBackbone when loading from a checkpoint
e.g. `{'out_indices': (0, 1, 2, 3)}`. Cannot be specified if `backbone_config` is set.
dilation (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to replace stride with dilation in the last convolutional block (DC5). Only supported when
`use_timm_backbone` = `True`.
class_cost (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
Relative weight of the classification error in the Hungarian matching cost.
bbox_cost (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 5):
Relative weight of the L1 error of the bounding box coordinates in the Hungarian matching cost.
giou_cost (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Relative weight of the generalized IoU loss of the bounding box in the Hungarian matching cost.
mask_loss_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
Relative weight of the Focal loss in the panoptic segmentation loss.
dice_loss_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
Relative weight of the DICE/F-1 loss in the panoptic segmentation loss.
bbox_loss_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 5):
Relative weight of the L1 bounding box loss in the object detection loss.
giou_loss_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Relative weight of the generalized IoU loss in the object detection loss.
eos_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
Relative classification weight of the 'no-object' class in the object detection loss.
focal_alpha (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.25):
Alpha parameter in the focal loss.
Examples:
```python
>>> from transformers import ConditionalDetrConfig, ConditionalDetrModel
>>> # Initializing a Conditional DETR microsoft/conditional-detr-resnet-50 style configuration
>>> configuration = ConditionalDetrConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the microsoft/conditional-detr-resnet-50 style configuration
>>> model = ConditionalDetrModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrconfig | #conditionaldetrconfig | .md | 371_3 |
Constructs a Conditional Detr image processor.
Args:
format (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"coco_detection"`):
Data format of the annotations. One of "coco_detection" or "coco_panoptic".
do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Controls whether to resize the image's (height, width) dimensions to the specified `size`. Can be
overridden by the `do_resize` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
size (`Dict[str, int]` *optional*, defaults to `{"shortest_edge": 800, "longest_edge": 1333}`):
Size of the image's `(height, width)` dimensions after resizing. Can be overridden by the `size` parameter
in the `preprocess` method. Available options are:
- `{"height": int, "width": int}`: The image will be resized to the exact size `(height, width)`.
Do NOT keep the aspect ratio.
- `{"shortest_edge": int, "longest_edge": int}`: The image will be resized to a maximum size respecting
the aspect ratio and keeping the shortest edge less or equal to `shortest_edge` and the longest edge
less or equal to `longest_edge`.
- `{"max_height": int, "max_width": int}`: The image will be resized to the maximum size respecting the
aspect ratio and keeping the height less or equal to `max_height` and the width less or equal to
`max_width`.
resample (`PILImageResampling`, *optional*, defaults to `PILImageResampling.BILINEAR`):
Resampling filter to use if resizing the image.
do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Controls whether to rescale the image by the specified scale `rescale_factor`. Can be overridden by the
`do_rescale` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
rescale_factor (`int` or `float`, *optional*, defaults to `1/255`):
Scale factor to use if rescaling the image. Can be overridden by the `rescale_factor` parameter in the
`preprocess` method.
do_normalize:
Controls whether to normalize the image. Can be overridden by the `do_normalize` parameter in the
`preprocess` method.
image_mean (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_DEFAULT_MEAN`):
Mean values to use when normalizing the image. Can be a single value or a list of values, one for each
channel. Can be overridden by the `image_mean` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
image_std (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_DEFAULT_STD`):
Standard deviation values to use when normalizing the image. Can be a single value or a list of values, one
for each channel. Can be overridden by the `image_std` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
do_convert_annotations (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Controls whether to convert the annotations to the format expected by the DETR model. Converts the
bounding boxes to the format `(center_x, center_y, width, height)` and in the range `[0, 1]`.
Can be overridden by the `do_convert_annotations` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
do_pad (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Controls whether to pad the image. Can be overridden by the `do_pad` parameter in the `preprocess`
method. If `True`, padding will be applied to the bottom and right of the image with zeros.
If `pad_size` is provided, the image will be padded to the specified dimensions.
Otherwise, the image will be padded to the maximum height and width of the batch.
pad_size (`Dict[str, int]`, *optional*):
The size `{"height": int, "width" int}` to pad the images to. Must be larger than any image size
provided for preprocessing. If `pad_size` is not provided, images will be padded to the largest
height and width in the batch.
Methods: preprocess
- post_process_object_detection
- post_process_instance_segmentation
- post_process_semantic_segmentation
- post_process_panoptic_segmentation | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrimageprocessor | #conditionaldetrimageprocessor | .md | 371_4 |
No docstring available for ConditionalDetrFeatureExtractor
Methods: __call__
- post_process_object_detection
- post_process_instance_segmentation
- post_process_semantic_segmentation
- post_process_panoptic_segmentation | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrfeatureextractor | #conditionaldetrfeatureextractor | .md | 371_5 |
The bare Conditional DETR Model (consisting of a backbone and encoder-decoder Transformer) outputting raw
hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ConditionalDetrConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrmodel | #conditionaldetrmodel | .md | 371_6 |
CONDITIONAL_DETR Model (consisting of a backbone and encoder-decoder Transformer) with object detection heads on
top, for tasks such as COCO detection.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ConditionalDetrConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrforobjectdetection | #conditionaldetrforobjectdetection | .md | 371_7 |
CONDITIONAL_DETR Model (consisting of a backbone and encoder-decoder Transformer) with a segmentation head on top,
for tasks such as COCO panoptic.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ConditionalDetrConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/conditional_detr.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/conditional_detr/#conditionaldetrforsegmentation | #conditionaldetrforsegmentation | .md | 371_8 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/ | .md | 372_0 |
|
The VisualBERT model was proposed in [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.03557) by Liunian Harold Li, Mark Yatskar, Da Yin, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Kai-Wei Chang.
VisualBERT is a neural network trained on a variety of (image, text) pairs.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*We propose VisualBERT, a simple and flexible framework for modeling a broad range of vision-and-language tasks.
VisualBERT consists of a stack of Transformer layers that implicitly align elements of an input text and regions in an
associated input image with self-attention. We further propose two visually-grounded language model objectives for
pre-training VisualBERT on image caption data. Experiments on four vision-and-language tasks including VQA, VCR, NLVR2,
and Flickr30K show that VisualBERT outperforms or rivals with state-of-the-art models while being significantly
simpler. Further analysis demonstrates that VisualBERT can ground elements of language to image regions without any
explicit supervision and is even sensitive to syntactic relationships, tracking, for example, associations between
verbs and image regions corresponding to their arguments.*
This model was contributed by [gchhablani](https://huggingface.co/gchhablani). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/uclanlp/visualbert). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#overview | #overview | .md | 372_1 |
1. Most of the checkpoints provided work with the [`VisualBertForPreTraining`] configuration. Other
checkpoints provided are the fine-tuned checkpoints for down-stream tasks - VQA ('visualbert-vqa'), VCR
('visualbert-vcr'), NLVR2 ('visualbert-nlvr2'). Hence, if you are not working on these downstream tasks, it is
recommended that you use the pretrained checkpoints.
2. For the VCR task, the authors use a fine-tuned detector for generating visual embeddings, for all the checkpoints.
We do not provide the detector and its weights as a part of the package, but it will be available in the research
projects, and the states can be loaded directly into the detector provided.
VisualBERT is a multi-modal vision and language model. It can be used for visual question answering, multiple choice,
visual reasoning and region-to-phrase correspondence tasks. VisualBERT uses a BERT-like transformer to prepare
embeddings for image-text pairs. Both the text and visual features are then projected to a latent space with identical
dimension.
To feed images to the model, each image is passed through a pre-trained object detector and the regions and the
bounding boxes are extracted. The authors use the features generated after passing these regions through a pre-trained
CNN like ResNet as visual embeddings. They also add absolute position embeddings, and feed the resulting sequence of
vectors to a standard BERT model. The text input is concatenated in the front of the visual embeddings in the embedding
layer, and is expected to be bound by [CLS] and a [SEP] tokens, as in BERT. The segment IDs must also be set
appropriately for the textual and visual parts.
The [`BertTokenizer`] is used to encode the text. A custom detector/image processor must be used
to get the visual embeddings. The following example notebooks show how to use VisualBERT with Detectron-like models:
- [VisualBERT VQA demo notebook](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/visual_bert) : This notebook
contains an example on VisualBERT VQA.
- [Generate Embeddings for VisualBERT (Colab Notebook)](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bLGxKdldwqnMVA5x4neY7-l_8fKGWQYI?usp=sharing) : This notebook contains
an example on how to generate visual embeddings.
The following example shows how to get the last hidden state using [`VisualBertModel`]:
```python
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import BertTokenizer, VisualBertModel
>>> model = VisualBertModel.from_pretrained("uclanlp/visualbert-vqa-coco-pre")
>>> tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("google-bert/bert-base-uncased")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("What is the man eating?", return_tensors="pt")
>>> # this is a custom function that returns the visual embeddings given the image path
>>> visual_embeds = get_visual_embeddings(image_path)
>>> visual_token_type_ids = torch.ones(visual_embeds.shape[:-1], dtype=torch.long)
>>> visual_attention_mask = torch.ones(visual_embeds.shape[:-1], dtype=torch.float)
>>> inputs.update(
... {
... "visual_embeds": visual_embeds,
... "visual_token_type_ids": visual_token_type_ids,
... "visual_attention_mask": visual_attention_mask,
... }
... )
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)
>>> last_hidden_state = outputs.last_hidden_state
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 372_2 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`VisualBertModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
VisualBERT model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the VisualBERT
[uclanlp/visualbert-vqa-coco-pre](https://huggingface.co/uclanlp/visualbert-vqa-coco-pre) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 30522):
Vocabulary size of the VisualBERT model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by
the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`VisualBertModel`]. Vocabulary size of the model. Defines the
different tokens that can be represented by the `inputs_ids` passed to the forward method of
[`VisualBertModel`].
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
visual_embedding_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
Dimensionality of the visual embeddings to be passed to the model.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
hidden_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_probs_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).
type_vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
The vocabulary size of the `token_type_ids` passed when calling [`VisualBertModel`].
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-12):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
bypass_transformer (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether or not the model should bypass the transformer for the visual embeddings. If set to `True`, the
model directly concatenates the visual embeddings from [`VisualBertEmbeddings`] with text output from
transformers, and then pass it to a self-attention layer.
special_visual_initialize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the visual token type and position type embedding weights should be initialized the same as
the textual token type and positive type embeddings. When set to `True`, the weights of the textual token
type and position type embeddings are copied to the respective visual embedding layers.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import VisualBertConfig, VisualBertModel
>>> # Initializing a VisualBERT visualbert-vqa-coco-pre style configuration
>>> configuration = VisualBertConfig.from_pretrained("uclanlp/visualbert-vqa-coco-pre")
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the visualbert-vqa-coco-pre style configuration
>>> model = VisualBertModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertconfig | #visualbertconfig | .md | 372_3 |
The bare VisualBert Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
The model can behave as an encoder (with only self-attention) following the architecture described in [Attention is
all you need](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762) by Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit,
Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser and Illia Polosukhin.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertmodel | #visualbertmodel | .md | 372_4 |
VisualBert Model with two heads on top as done during the pretraining: a `masked language modeling` head and a
`sentence-image prediction (classification)` head.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertforpretraining | #visualbertforpretraining | .md | 372_5 |
VisualBert Model with a classification/regression head on top (a dropout and a linear layer on top of the pooled
output) for VQA.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertforquestionanswering | #visualbertforquestionanswering | .md | 372_6 |
VisualBert Model with a multiple choice classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the pooled output and
a softmax) e.g. for VCR tasks.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertformultiplechoice | #visualbertformultiplechoice | .md | 372_7 |
VisualBert Model with a sequence classification head on top (a dropout and a linear layer on top of the pooled
output) for Visual Reasoning e.g. for NLVR task.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertforvisualreasoning | #visualbertforvisualreasoning | .md | 372_8 |
VisualBert Model with a Masked Language Modeling head and an attention layer on top for Region-to-Phrase Alignment
e.g. for Flickr30 Entities task.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisualBertConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/visual_bert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/visual_bert/#visualbertforregiontophrasealignment | #visualbertforregiontophrasealignment | .md | 372_9 |
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/ | .md | 373_0 |
|
The BigBird model was proposed in [Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14062) by
Zaheer, Manzil and Guruganesh, Guru and Dubey, Kumar Avinava and Ainslie, Joshua and Alberti, Chris and Ontanon,
Santiago and Pham, Philip and Ravula, Anirudh and Wang, Qifan and Yang, Li and others. BigBird, is a sparse-attention
based transformer which extends Transformer based models, such as BERT to much longer sequences. In addition to sparse
attention, BigBird also applies global attention as well as random attention to the input sequence. Theoretically, it
has been shown that applying sparse, global, and random attention approximates full attention, while being
computationally much more efficient for longer sequences. As a consequence of the capability to handle longer context,
BigBird has shown improved performance on various long document NLP tasks, such as question answering and
summarization, compared to BERT or RoBERTa.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Transformers-based models, such as BERT, have been one of the most successful deep learning models for NLP.
Unfortunately, one of their core limitations is the quadratic dependency (mainly in terms of memory) on the sequence
length due to their full attention mechanism. To remedy this, we propose, BigBird, a sparse attention mechanism that
reduces this quadratic dependency to linear. We show that BigBird is a universal approximator of sequence functions and
is Turing complete, thereby preserving these properties of the quadratic, full attention model. Along the way, our
theoretical analysis reveals some of the benefits of having O(1) global tokens (such as CLS), that attend to the entire
sequence as part of the sparse attention mechanism. The proposed sparse attention can handle sequences of length up to
8x of what was previously possible using similar hardware. As a consequence of the capability to handle longer context,
BigBird drastically improves performance on various NLP tasks such as question answering and summarization. We also
propose novel applications to genomics data.*
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/google-research/bigbird). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#overview | #overview | .md | 373_1 |
- For an in-detail explanation on how BigBird's attention works, see [this blog post](https://huggingface.co/blog/big-bird).
- BigBird comes with 2 implementations: **original_full** & **block_sparse**. For the sequence length < 1024, using
**original_full** is advised as there is no benefit in using **block_sparse** attention.
- The code currently uses window size of 3 blocks and 2 global blocks.
- Sequence length must be divisible by block size.
- Current implementation supports only **ITC**.
- Current implementation doesn't support **num_random_blocks = 0**.
- BigBirdPegasus uses the [PegasusTokenizer](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/src/transformers/models/pegasus/tokenization_pegasus.py).
- BigBird is a model with absolute position embeddings so it's usually advised to pad the inputs on the right rather than
the left. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 373_2 |
- [Text classification task guide](../tasks/sequence_classification)
- [Question answering task guide](../tasks/question_answering)
- [Causal language modeling task guide](../tasks/language_modeling)
- [Translation task guide](../tasks/translation)
- [Summarization task guide](../tasks/summarization) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#resources | #resources | .md | 373_3 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`BigBirdPegasusModel`]. It is used to instantiate
an BigBirdPegasus model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the BigBirdPegasus
[google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv](https://huggingface.co/google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 96103):
Vocabulary size of the BigBirdPegasus model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented
by the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`BigBirdPegasusModel`].
d_model (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1024):
Dimension of the layers and the pooler layer.
encoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
Number of encoder layers.
decoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
Number of decoder layers.
encoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
decoder_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
decoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
encoder_ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
Dimension of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
activation_function (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu_new"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"silu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
activation_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for activations inside the fully connected layer.
classifier_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for classifier.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 1024 or 2048 or 4096).
init_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
encoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The LayerDrop probability for the encoder. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556)
for more details.
decoder_layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The LayerDrop probability for the decoder. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556)
for more details.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models).
attention_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"block_sparse"`)
Whether to use block sparse attention (with n complexity) as introduced in paper or original attention
layer (with n^2 complexity) in encoder. Possible values are `"original_full"` and `"block_sparse"`.
use_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`)
Whether to use bias in query, key, value.
block_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64)
Size of each block. Useful only when `attention_type == "block_sparse"`.
num_random_blocks (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3)
Each query is going to attend these many number of random blocks. Useful only when `attention_type ==
"block_sparse"`.
scale_embeddings (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`)
Whether to rescale embeddings with (hidden_size ** 0.5).
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import BigBirdPegasusConfig, BigBirdPegasusModel
>>> # Initializing a BigBirdPegasus bigbird-pegasus-base style configuration
>>> configuration = BigBirdPegasusConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the bigbird-pegasus-base style configuration
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
```
Methods: all | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusconfig | #bigbirdpegasusconfig | .md | 373_4 |
The bare BigBirdPegasus Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`BigBirdPegasusConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusmodel | #bigbirdpegasusmodel | .md | 373_5 |
The BigBirdPegasus Model with a language modeling head. Can be used for summarization.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`BigBirdPegasusConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusforconditionalgeneration | #bigbirdpegasusforconditionalgeneration | .md | 373_6 |
BigBirdPegasus model with a sequence classification/head on top (a linear layer on top of the pooled output) e.g.
for GLUE tasks.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`BigBirdPegasusConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusforsequenceclassification | #bigbirdpegasusforsequenceclassification | .md | 373_7 |
BigBirdPegasus Model with a span classification head on top for extractive question-answering tasks like SQuAD (a
linear layer on top of the hidden-states output to compute `span start logits` and `span end logits`).
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`BigBirdPegasusConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusforquestionanswering | #bigbirdpegasusforquestionanswering | .md | 373_8 |
No docstring available for BigBirdPegasusForCausalLM
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus/#bigbirdpegasusforcausallm | #bigbirdpegasusforcausallm | .md | 373_9 |
<!--Copyright 2023 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/ | .md | 374_0 |
|
The EfficientNet model was proposed in [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11946)
by Mingxing Tan and Quoc V. Le. EfficientNets are a family of image classification models, which achieve state-of-the-art accuracy, yet being an order-of-magnitude smaller and faster than previous models.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) are commonly developed at a fixed resource budget, and then scaled up for better accuracy if more resources are available. In this paper, we systematically study model scaling and identify that carefully balancing network depth, width, and resolution can lead to better performance. Based on this observation, we propose a new scaling method that uniformly scales all dimensions of depth/width/resolution using a simple yet highly effective compound coefficient. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method on scaling up MobileNets and ResNet.
To go even further, we use neural architecture search to design a new baseline network and scale it up to obtain a family of models, called EfficientNets, which achieve much better accuracy and efficiency than previous ConvNets. In particular, our EfficientNet-B7 achieves state-of-the-art 84.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, while being 8.4x smaller and 6.1x faster on inference than the best existing ConvNet. Our EfficientNets also transfer well and achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on CIFAR-100 (91.7%), Flowers (98.8%), and 3 other transfer learning datasets, with an order of magnitude fewer parameters.*
This model was contributed by [adirik](https://huggingface.co/adirik).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/tensorflow/tpu/tree/master/models/official/efficientnet). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/#overview | #overview | .md | 374_1 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`EfficientNetModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
EfficientNet model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the EfficientNet
[google/efficientnet-b7](https://huggingface.co/google/efficientnet-b7) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The number of input channels.
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 600):
The input image size.
width_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 2.0):
Scaling coefficient for network width at each stage.
depth_coefficient (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 3.1):
Scaling coefficient for network depth at each stage.
depth_divisor `int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
A unit of network width.
kernel_sizes (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[3, 3, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3]`):
List of kernel sizes to be used in each block.
in_channels (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[32, 16, 24, 40, 80, 112, 192]`):
List of input channel sizes to be used in each block for convolutional layers.
out_channels (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[16, 24, 40, 80, 112, 192, 320]`):
List of output channel sizes to be used in each block for convolutional layers.
depthwise_padding (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[]`):
List of block indices with square padding.
strides (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1]`):
List of stride sizes to be used in each block for convolutional layers.
num_block_repeats (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 1]`):
List of the number of times each block is to repeated.
expand_ratios (`List[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `[1, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6]`):
List of scaling coefficient of each block.
squeeze_expansion_ratio (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.25):
Squeeze expansion ratio.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"silu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in each block. If string, `"gelu"`, `"relu"`,
`"selu", `"gelu_new"`, `"silu"` and `"mish"` are supported.
hiddem_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1280):
The hidden dimension of the layer before the classification head.
pooling_type (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"mean"`):
Type of final pooling to be applied before the dense classification head. Available options are [`"mean"`,
`"max"`]
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
batch_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-3):
The epsilon used by the batch normalization layers.
batch_norm_momentum (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.99):
The momentum used by the batch normalization layers.
dropout_rate (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.5):
The dropout rate to be applied before final classifier layer.
drop_connect_rate (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.2):
The drop rate for skip connections.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import EfficientNetConfig, EfficientNetModel
>>> # Initializing a EfficientNet efficientnet-b7 style configuration
>>> configuration = EfficientNetConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the efficientnet-b7 style configuration
>>> model = EfficientNetModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/#efficientnetconfig | #efficientnetconfig | .md | 374_2 |
Constructs a EfficientNet image processor.
Args:
do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to resize the image's (height, width) dimensions to the specified `size`. Can be overridden by
`do_resize` in `preprocess`.
size (`Dict[str, int]` *optional*, defaults to `{"height": 346, "width": 346}`):
Size of the image after `resize`. Can be overridden by `size` in `preprocess`.
resample (`PILImageResampling` filter, *optional*, defaults to 0):
Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. Can be overridden by `resample` in `preprocess`.
do_center_crop (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to center crop the image. If the input size is smaller than `crop_size` along any edge, the image
is padded with 0's and then center cropped. Can be overridden by `do_center_crop` in `preprocess`.
crop_size (`Dict[str, int]`, *optional*, defaults to `{"height": 289, "width": 289}`):
Desired output size when applying center-cropping. Can be overridden by `crop_size` in `preprocess`.
rescale_factor (`int` or `float`, *optional*, defaults to `1/255`):
Scale factor to use if rescaling the image. Can be overridden by the `rescale_factor` parameter in the
`preprocess` method.
rescale_offset (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to rescale the image between [-scale_range, scale_range] instead of [0, scale_range]. Can be
overridden by the `rescale_factor` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to rescale the image by the specified scale `rescale_factor`. Can be overridden by the `do_rescale`
parameter in the `preprocess` method.
do_normalize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to normalize the image. Can be overridden by the `do_normalize` parameter in the `preprocess`
method.
image_mean (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_MEAN`):
Mean to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the number of
channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_mean` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
image_std (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_STD`):
Standard deviation to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the
number of channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_std` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
include_top (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to rescale the image again. Should be set to True if the inputs are used for image classification.
Methods: preprocess | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/#efficientnetimageprocessor | #efficientnetimageprocessor | .md | 374_3 |
The bare EfficientNet model outputting raw features without any specific head on top.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`EfficientNetConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/#efficientnetmodel | #efficientnetmodel | .md | 374_4 |
EfficientNet Model with an image classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the pooled features), e.g.
for ImageNet.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`EfficientNetConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/efficientnet.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/efficientnet/#efficientnetforimageclassification | #efficientnetforimageclassification | .md | 374_5 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/flan-ul2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/flan-ul2/ | .md | 375_0 |
|
Flan-UL2 is an encoder decoder model based on the T5 architecture. It uses the same configuration as the [UL2](ul2) model released earlier last year.
It was fine tuned using the "Flan" prompt tuning and dataset collection. Similar to `Flan-T5`, one can directly use FLAN-UL2 weights without finetuning the model:
According to the original blog here are the notable improvements:
- The original UL2 model was only trained with receptive field of 512, which made it non-ideal for N-shot prompting where N is large.
- The Flan-UL2 checkpoint uses a receptive field of 2048 which makes it more usable for few-shot in-context learning.
- The original UL2 model also had mode switch tokens that was rather mandatory to get good performance. However, they were a little cumbersome as this requires often some changes during inference or finetuning. In this update/change, we continue training UL2 20B for an additional 100k steps (with small batch) to forget “mode tokens” before applying Flan instruction tuning. This Flan-UL2 checkpoint does not require mode tokens anymore.
Google has released the following variants:
The original checkpoints can be found [here](https://github.com/google-research/t5x/blob/main/docs/models.md#flan-ul2-checkpoints). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/flan-ul2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/flan-ul2/#overview | #overview | .md | 375_1 |
The model is pretty heavy (~40GB in half precision) so if you just want to run the model, make sure you load your model in 8bit, and use `device_map="auto"` to make sure you don't have any OOM issue!
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("google/flan-ul2", load_in_8bit=True, device_map="auto")
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/flan-ul2")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("A step by step recipe to make bolognese pasta:", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model.generate(**inputs)
>>> print(tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))
['In a large skillet, brown the ground beef and onion over medium heat. Add the garlic']
```
<Tip>
Refer to [T5's documentation page](t5) for API reference, tips, code examples and notebooks.
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/flan-ul2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/flan-ul2/#running-on-low-resource-devices | #running-on-low-resource-devices | .md | 375_2 |
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|
The Nougat model was proposed in [Nougat: Neural Optical Understanding for Academic Documents](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13418) by
Lukas Blecher, Guillem Cucurull, Thomas Scialom, Robert Stojnic. Nougat uses the same architecture as [Donut](donut), meaning an image Transformer
encoder and an autoregressive text Transformer decoder to translate scientific PDFs to markdown, enabling easier access to them.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Scientific knowledge is predominantly stored in books and scientific journals, often in the form of PDFs. However, the PDF format leads to a loss of semantic information, particularly for mathematical expressions. We propose Nougat (Neural Optical Understanding for Academic Documents), a Visual Transformer model that performs an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) task for processing scientific documents into a markup language, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on a new dataset of scientific documents. The proposed approach offers a promising solution to enhance the accessibility of scientific knowledge in the digital age, by bridging the gap between human-readable documents and machine-readable text. We release the models and code to accelerate future work on scientific text recognition.*
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/model_doc/nougat_architecture.jpg"
alt="drawing" width="600"/>
<small> Nougat high-level overview. Taken from the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13418">original paper</a>. </small>
This model was contributed by [nielsr](https://huggingface.co/nielsr). The original code can be found
[here](https://github.com/facebookresearch/nougat). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#overview | #overview | .md | 376_1 |
- The quickest way to get started with Nougat is by checking the [tutorial
notebooks](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/tree/master/Nougat), which show how to use the model
at inference time as well as fine-tuning on custom data.
- Nougat is always used within the [VisionEncoderDecoder](vision-encoder-decoder) framework. The model is identical to [Donut](donut) in terms of architecture. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 376_2 |
Nougat's [`VisionEncoderDecoder`] model accepts images as input and makes use of
[`~generation.GenerationMixin.generate`] to autoregressively generate text given the input image.
The [`NougatImageProcessor`] class is responsible for preprocessing the input image and
[`NougatTokenizerFast`] decodes the generated target tokens to the target string. The
[`NougatProcessor`] wraps [`NougatImageProcessor`] and [`NougatTokenizerFast`] classes
into a single instance to both extract the input features and decode the predicted token ids.
- Step-by-step PDF transcription
```py
>>> from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
>>> import re
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> from transformers import NougatProcessor, VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> import torch
>>> processor = NougatProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/nougat-base")
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained("facebook/nougat-base")
>>> device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
>>> model.to(device) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> # prepare PDF image for the model
>>> filepath = hf_hub_download(repo_id="hf-internal-testing/fixtures_docvqa", filename="nougat_paper.png", repo_type="dataset")
>>> image = Image.open(filepath)
>>> pixel_values = processor(image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values
>>> # generate transcription (here we only generate 30 tokens)
>>> outputs = model.generate(
... pixel_values.to(device),
... min_length=1,
... max_new_tokens=30,
... bad_words_ids=[[processor.tokenizer.unk_token_id]],
... )
>>> sequence = processor.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
>>> sequence = processor.post_process_generation(sequence, fix_markdown=False)
>>> # note: we're using repr here such for the sake of printing the \n characters, feel free to just print the sequence
>>> print(repr(sequence))
'\n\n# Nougat: Neural Optical Understanding for Academic Documents\n\n Lukas Blecher\n\nCorrespondence to: lblecher@'
```
See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?filter=nougat) to look for Nougat checkpoints.
<Tip>
The model is identical to [Donut](donut) in terms of architecture.
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#inference | #inference | .md | 376_3 |
Constructs a Nougat image processor.
Args:
do_crop_margin (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to crop the image margins.
do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to resize the image's (height, width) dimensions to the specified `size`. Can be overridden by
`do_resize` in the `preprocess` method.
size (`Dict[str, int]` *optional*, defaults to `{"height": 896, "width": 672}`):
Size of the image after resizing. Can be overridden by `size` in the `preprocess` method.
resample (`PILImageResampling`, *optional*, defaults to `Resampling.BILINEAR`):
Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. Can be overridden by `resample` in the `preprocess` method.
do_thumbnail (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to resize the image using thumbnail method.
do_align_long_axis (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to align the long axis of the image with the long axis of `size` by rotating by 90 degrees.
do_pad (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to pad the images to the largest image size in the batch.
do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to rescale the image by the specified scale `rescale_factor`. Can be overridden by the `do_rescale`
parameter in the `preprocess` method.
rescale_factor (`int` or `float`, *optional*, defaults to `1/255`):
Scale factor to use if rescaling the image. Can be overridden by the `rescale_factor` parameter in the
`preprocess` method.
do_normalize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to normalize the image. Can be overridden by `do_normalize` in the `preprocess` method.
image_mean (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_DEFAULT_MEAN`):
Mean to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the number of
channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_mean` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
image_std (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_DEFAULT_STD`):
Image standard deviation.
Methods: preprocess | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#nougatimageprocessor | #nougatimageprocessor | .md | 376_4 |
Fast tokenizer for Nougat (backed by HuggingFace tokenizers library).
This tokenizer inherits from [`PreTrainedTokenizerFast`] which contains most of the main methods. Users should
refer to this superclass for more information regarding those methods. This class mainly adds Nougat-specific
methods for postprocessing the generated text.
Args:
vocab_file (`str`, *optional*):
[SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece) file (generally has a .model extension) that
contains the vocabulary necessary to instantiate a tokenizer.
tokenizer_file (`str`, *optional*):
[tokenizers](https://github.com/huggingface/tokenizers) file (generally has a .json extension) that
contains everything needed to load the tokenizer.
clean_up_tokenization_spaces (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Wether to cleanup spaces after decoding, cleanup consists in removing potential artifacts like extra
spaces.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<unk>"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
bos_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<s>"`):
The beginning of sequence token that was used during pretraining. Can be used a sequence classifier token.
eos_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"</s>"`):
The end of sequence token.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<pad>"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
Class attributes (overridden by derived classes)
- **vocab_files_names** (`Dict[str, str]`) -- A dictionary with, as keys, the `__init__` keyword name of each
vocabulary file required by the model, and as associated values, the filename for saving the associated file
(string).
- **pretrained_vocab_files_map** (`Dict[str, Dict[str, str]]`) -- A dictionary of dictionaries, with the
high-level keys being the `__init__` keyword name of each vocabulary file required by the model, the
low-level being the `short-cut-names` of the pretrained models with, as associated values, the `url` to the
associated pretrained vocabulary file.
- **model_input_names** (`List[str]`) -- A list of inputs expected in the forward pass of the model.
- **padding_side** (`str`) -- The default value for the side on which the model should have padding applied.
Should be `'right'` or `'left'`.
- **truncation_side** (`str`) -- The default value for the side on which the model should have truncation
applied. Should be `'right'` or `'left'`.
Args:
model_max_length (`int`, *optional*):
The maximum length (in number of tokens) for the inputs to the transformer model. When the tokenizer is
loaded with [`~tokenization_utils_base.PreTrainedTokenizerBase.from_pretrained`], this will be set to the
value stored for the associated model in `max_model_input_sizes` (see above). If no value is provided, will
default to VERY_LARGE_INTEGER (`int(1e30)`).
padding_side (`str`, *optional*):
The side on which the model should have padding applied. Should be selected between ['right', 'left'].
Default value is picked from the class attribute of the same name.
truncation_side (`str`, *optional*):
The side on which the model should have truncation applied. Should be selected between ['right', 'left'].
Default value is picked from the class attribute of the same name.
chat_template (`str`, *optional*):
A Jinja template string that will be used to format lists of chat messages. See
https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/chat_templating for a full description.
model_input_names (`List[string]`, *optional*):
The list of inputs accepted by the forward pass of the model (like `"token_type_ids"` or
`"attention_mask"`). Default value is picked from the class attribute of the same name.
bos_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token representing the beginning of a sentence. Will be associated to `self.bos_token` and
`self.bos_token_id`.
eos_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token representing the end of a sentence. Will be associated to `self.eos_token` and
`self.eos_token_id`.
unk_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token representing an out-of-vocabulary token. Will be associated to `self.unk_token` and
`self.unk_token_id`.
sep_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token separating two different sentences in the same input (used by BERT for instance). Will be
associated to `self.sep_token` and `self.sep_token_id`.
pad_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token used to make arrays of tokens the same size for batching purpose. Will then be ignored by
attention mechanisms or loss computation. Will be associated to `self.pad_token` and `self.pad_token_id`.
cls_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token representing the class of the input (used by BERT for instance). Will be associated to
`self.cls_token` and `self.cls_token_id`.
mask_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A special token representing a masked token (used by masked-language modeling pretraining objectives, like
BERT). Will be associated to `self.mask_token` and `self.mask_token_id`.
additional_special_tokens (tuple or list of `str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*):
A tuple or a list of additional special tokens. Add them here to ensure they are skipped when decoding with
`skip_special_tokens` is set to True. If they are not part of the vocabulary, they will be added at the end
of the vocabulary.
clean_up_tokenization_spaces (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should cleanup the spaces that were added when splitting the input text during the
tokenization process.
split_special_tokens (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether or not the special tokens should be split during the tokenization process. Passing will affect the
internal state of the tokenizer. The default behavior is to not split special tokens. This means that if
`<s>` is the `bos_token`, then `tokenizer.tokenize("<s>") = ['<s>`]. Otherwise, if
`split_special_tokens=True`, then `tokenizer.tokenize("<s>")` will be give `['<','s', '>']`.
tokenizer_object ([`tokenizers.Tokenizer`]):
A [`tokenizers.Tokenizer`] object from 🤗 tokenizers to instantiate from. See [Using tokenizers from 🤗
tokenizers](../fast_tokenizers) for more information.
tokenizer_file ([`str`]):
A path to a local JSON file representing a previously serialized [`tokenizers.Tokenizer`] object from 🤗
tokenizers. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#nougattokenizerfast | #nougattokenizerfast | .md | 376_5 |
Constructs a Nougat processor which wraps a Nougat image processor and a Nougat tokenizer into a single processor.
[`NougatProcessor`] offers all the functionalities of [`NougatImageProcessor`] and [`NougatTokenizerFast`]. See the
[`~NougatProcessor.__call__`] and [`~NougatProcessor.decode`] for more information.
Args:
image_processor ([`NougatImageProcessor`]):
An instance of [`NougatImageProcessor`]. The image processor is a required input.
tokenizer ([`NougatTokenizerFast`]):
An instance of [`NougatTokenizerFast`]. The tokenizer is a required input.
Methods: __call__
- from_pretrained
- save_pretrained
- batch_decode
- decode
- post_process_generation | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nougat.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nougat/#nougatprocessor | #nougatprocessor | .md | 376_6 |
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
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rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/ | .md | 377_0 |
|
LLaVa is an open-source chatbot trained by fine-tuning LlamA/Vicuna on GPT-generated multimodal instruction-following data. It is an auto-regressive language model, based on the transformer architecture. In other words, it is an multi-modal version of LLMs fine-tuned for chat / instructions.
The LLaVa model was proposed in [Visual Instruction Tuning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08485) and improved in [Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.03744) by Haotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Yuheng Li and Yong Jae Lee.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Large multimodal models (LMM) have recently shown encouraging progress with visual instruction tuning. In this note, we show that the fully-connected vision-language cross-modal connector in LLaVA is surprisingly powerful and data-efficient. With simple modifications to LLaVA, namely, using CLIP-ViT-L-336px with an MLP projection and adding academic-task-oriented VQA data with simple response formatting prompts, we establish stronger baselines that achieve state-of-the-art across 11 benchmarks. Our final 13B checkpoint uses merely 1.2M publicly available data, and finishes full training in ∼1 day on a single 8-A100 node. We hope this can make state-of-the-art LMM research more accessible. Code and model will be publicly available*
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/model_doc/llava_architecture.jpg"
alt="drawing" width="600"/>
<small> LLaVa architecture. Taken from the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08485">original paper.</a> </small>
This model was contributed by [ArthurZ](https://huggingface.co/ArthurZ) and [ybelkada](https://huggingface.co/ybelkada).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA/tree/main/llava). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#overview | #overview | .md | 377_1 |
- We advise users to use `padding_side="left"` when computing batched generation as it leads to more accurate results. Simply make sure to call `processor.tokenizer.padding_side = "left"` before generating.
- Note the model has not been explicitly trained to process multiple images in the same prompt, although this is technically possible, you may experience inaccurate results.
> [!NOTE]
> LLaVA models after release v4.46 will raise warnings about adding `processor.patch_size = {{patch_size}}`, `processor.num_additional_image_tokens = {{num_additional_image_tokens}}` and processor.vision_feature_select_strategy = {{vision_feature_select_strategy}}`. It is strongly recommended to add the attributes to the processor if you own the model checkpoint, or open a PR if it is not owned by you.
Adding these attributes means that LLaVA will try to infer the number of image tokens required per image and expand the text with as many `<image>` placeholders as there will be tokens. Usually it is around 500 tokens per image, so make sure that the text is not truncated as otherwise there will be failure when merging the embeddings.
The attributes can be obtained from model config, as `model.config.vision_config.patch_size` or `model.config.vision_feature_select_strategy`. The `num_additional_image_tokens` should be `1` if the vision backbone adds a CLS token or `0` if nothing extra is added to the vision patches. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 377_2 |
For best results, we recommend users to use the processor's `apply_chat_template()` method to format your prompt correctly. For that you need to construct a conversation history, passing in a plain string will not format your prompt. Each message in the conversation history for chat templates is a dictionary with keys "role" and "content". The "content" should be a list of dictionaries, for "text" and "image" modalities, as follows:
```python
from transformers import AutoProcessor
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("llava-hf/llava-1.5-7b-hf")
conversation = [
{
"role": "user",
"content": [
{"type": "image"},
{"type": "text", "text": "What’s shown in this image?"},
],
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": [{"type": "text", "text": "This image shows a red stop sign."},]
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": [
{"type": "text", "text": "Describe the image in more details."},
],
},
]
text_prompt = processor.apply_chat_template(conversation, add_generation_prompt=True)
# Note that the template simply formats your prompt, you still have to tokenize it and obtain pixel values for your images
print(text_prompt)
>>> "USER: <image>\n<What’s shown in this image? ASSISTANT: This image shows a red stop sign.</s>USER: Describe the image in more details. ASSISTANT:"
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#single-image-inference | #single-image-inference | .md | 377_3 |
LLaVa also supports batched inference. Here is how you can do it:
```python
import requests
from PIL import Image
import torch
from transformers import AutoProcessor, LlavaForConditionalGeneration
# Load the model in half-precision
model = LlavaForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("llava-hf/llava-1.5-7b-hf", torch_dtype=torch.float16, device_map="auto")
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("llava-hf/llava-1.5-7b-hf")
# Get two different images
url = "https://www.ilankelman.org/stopsigns/australia.jpg"
image_stop = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image_cats = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
# Prepare a batch of two prompts
conversation_1 = [
{
"role": "user",
"content": [
{"type": "image"},
{"type": "text", "text": "What is shown in this image?"},
],
},
]
conversation_2 = [
{
"role": "user",
"content": [
{"type": "image"},
{"type": "text", "text": "What is shown in this image?"},
],
},
]
prompt_1 = processor.apply_chat_template(conversation_1, add_generation_prompt=True)
prompt_2 = processor.apply_chat_template(conversation_2, add_generation_prompt=True)
prompts = [prompt_1, prompt_2]
# We can simply feed images in the order they have to be used in the text prompt
inputs = processor(images=[image_stop, image_cats], text=prompts, padding=True, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device, torch.float16)
# Generate
generate_ids = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=30)
processor.batch_decode(generate_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)
```
- If you want to construct a chat prompt yourself, below is a list of prompt formats accepted by each llava checkpoint:
[llava-interleave models](https://huggingface.co/collections/llava-hf/llava-interleave-668e19a97da0036aad4a2f19) requires the following format:
```bash
"<|im_start|>user <image>\nWhat is shown in this image?<|im_end|><|im_start|>assistant"
```
For multiple turns conversation:
```bash
"<|im_start|>user <image>\n<prompt1><|im_end|><|im_start|>assistant <answer1><|im_end|><|im_start|>user <image>\n<prompt1><|im_end|><|im_start|>assistant "
```
[llava-1.5 models](https://huggingface.co/collections/llava-hf/llava-15-65f762d5b6941db5c2ba07e0) requires the following format:
```bash
"USER: <image>\n<prompt> ASSISTANT:"
```
For multiple turns conversation:
```bash
"USER: <image>\n<prompt1> ASSISTANT: <answer1></s>USER: <prompt2> ASSISTANT: <answer2></s>USER: <prompt3> ASSISTANT:"
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#batched-inference | #batched-inference | .md | 377_4 |
Flash Attention 2 is an even faster, optimized version of the previous optimization, please refer to the [Flash Attention 2 section of performance docs](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/perf_infer_gpu_one). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#using-flash-attention-2 | #using-flash-attention-2 | .md | 377_5 |
A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with BEiT.
<PipelineTag pipeline="image-to-text"/>
- A [Google Colab demo](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1qsl6cd2c8gGtEW1xV5io7S8NHh-Cp1TV?usp=sharing) on how to run Llava on a free-tier Google colab instance leveraging 4-bit inference.
- A [similar notebook](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LLaVa/Inference_with_LLaVa_for_multimodal_generation.ipynb) showcasing batched inference. 🌎 | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#resources | #resources | .md | 377_6 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`LlavaForConditionalGeneration`]. It is used to instantiate an
Llava model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Llava-9B.
e.g. [llava-hf/llava-9b](https://huggingface.co/llava-hf/llava-9b)
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vision_config (`Union[AutoConfig, dict]`, *optional*, defaults to `CLIPVisionConfig`):
The config object or dictionary of the vision backbone.
text_config (`Union[AutoConfig, dict]`, *optional*, defaults to `LlamaConfig`):
The config object or dictionary of the text backbone.
ignore_index (`int`, *optional*, defaults to -100):
The ignore index for the loss function.
image_token_index (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32000):
The image token index to encode the image prompt.
projector_hidden_act (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The activation function used by the multimodal projector.
vision_feature_select_strategy (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"default"`):
The feature selection strategy used to select the vision feature from the vision backbone.
Can be one of `"default"` or `"full"`.
vision_feature_layer (`int`, *optional*, defaults to -2):
The index of the layer to select the vision feature.
image_seq_length (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 576):
Sequence length of one image embedding.
multimodal_projector_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to use bias in the multimodal projector.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import LlavaForConditionalGeneration, LlavaConfig, CLIPVisionConfig, LlamaConfig
>>> # Initializing a CLIP-vision config
>>> vision_config = CLIPVisionConfig()
>>> # Initializing a Llama config
>>> text_config = LlamaConfig()
>>> # Initializing a Llava llava-1.5-7b style configuration
>>> configuration = LlavaConfig(vision_config, text_config)
>>> # Initializing a model from the llava-1.5-7b style configuration
>>> model = LlavaForConditionalGeneration(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#llavaconfig | #llavaconfig | .md | 377_7 |
Constructs a Llava processor which wraps a Llava image processor and a Llava tokenizer into a single processor.
[`LlavaProcessor`] offers all the functionalities of [`CLIPImageProcessor`] and [`LlamaTokenizerFast`]. See the
[`~LlavaProcessor.__call__`] and [`~LlavaProcessor.decode`] for more information.
Args:
image_processor ([`CLIPImageProcessor`], *optional*):
The image processor is a required input.
tokenizer ([`LlamaTokenizerFast`], *optional*):
The tokenizer is a required input.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*):
Patch size from the vision tower.
vision_feature_select_strategy (`str`, *optional*):
The feature selection strategy used to select the vision feature from the vision backbone.
Shoudl be same as in model's config
chat_template (`str`, *optional*): A Jinja template which will be used to convert lists of messages
in a chat into a tokenizable string.
image_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<image>"`):
Special token used to denote image location.
num_additional_image_tokens (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
Number of additional tokens added to the image embeddings, such as CLS (+1). If the backbone has no CLS or other
extra tokens appended, no need to set this arg. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#llavaprocessor | #llavaprocessor | .md | 377_8 |
The LLAVA model which consists of a vision backbone and a language model.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`LlavaConfig`] or [`LlavaVisionConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/llava.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/llava/#llavaforconditionalgeneration | #llavaforconditionalgeneration | .md | 377_9 |
<!--Copyright 2021 NVIDIA Corporation and The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2/ | .md | 378_0 |
|
The MegatronGPT2 model was proposed in [Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model
Parallelism](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08053) by Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley,
Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Recent work in language modeling demonstrates that training large transformer models advances the state of the art in
Natural Language Processing applications. However, very large models can be quite difficult to train due to memory
constraints. In this work, we present our techniques for training very large transformer models and implement a simple,
efficient intra-layer model parallel approach that enables training transformer models with billions of parameters. Our
approach does not require a new compiler or library changes, is orthogonal and complimentary to pipeline model
parallelism, and can be fully implemented with the insertion of a few communication operations in native PyTorch. We
illustrate this approach by converging transformer based models up to 8.3 billion parameters using 512 GPUs. We sustain
15.1 PetaFLOPs across the entire application with 76% scaling efficiency when compared to a strong single GPU baseline
that sustains 39 TeraFLOPs, which is 30% of peak FLOPs. To demonstrate that large language models can further advance
the state of the art (SOTA), we train an 8.3 billion parameter transformer language model similar to GPT-2 and a 3.9
billion parameter model similar to BERT. We show that careful attention to the placement of layer normalization in
BERT-like models is critical to achieving increased performance as the model size grows. Using the GPT-2 model we
achieve SOTA results on the WikiText103 (10.8 compared to SOTA perplexity of 15.8) and LAMBADA (66.5% compared to SOTA
accuracy of 63.2%) datasets. Our BERT model achieves SOTA results on the RACE dataset (90.9% compared to SOTA accuracy
of 89.4%).*
This model was contributed by [jdemouth](https://huggingface.co/jdemouth). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/NVIDIA/Megatron-LM).
That repository contains a multi-GPU and multi-node implementation of the Megatron Language models. In particular, it
contains a hybrid model parallel approach using "tensor parallel" and "pipeline parallel" techniques. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2/#overview | #overview | .md | 378_1 |
We have provided pretrained [GPT2-345M](https://ngc.nvidia.com/catalog/models/nvidia:megatron_lm_345m) checkpoints
for use to evaluate or finetuning downstream tasks.
To access these checkpoints, first [sign up](https://ngc.nvidia.com/signup) for and setup the NVIDIA GPU Cloud (NGC)
Registry CLI. Further documentation for downloading models can be found in the [NGC documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/dgx/ngc-registry-cli-user-guide/index.html#topic_6_4_1).
Alternatively, you can directly download the checkpoints using:
```bash
wget --content-disposition https://api.ngc.nvidia.com/v2/models/nvidia/megatron_lm_345m/versions/v0.0/zip -O
megatron_gpt2_345m_v0_0.zip
```
Once you have obtained the checkpoint from NVIDIA GPU Cloud (NGC), you have to convert it to a format that will easily
be loaded by Hugging Face Transformers GPT2 implementation.
The following command allows you to do the conversion. We assume that the folder `models/megatron_gpt2` contains
`megatron_gpt2_345m_v0_0.zip` and that the command is run from that folder:
```bash
python3 $PATH_TO_TRANSFORMERS/models/megatron_gpt2/convert_megatron_gpt2_checkpoint.py megatron_gpt2_345m_v0_0.zip
```
<Tip>
MegatronGPT2 architecture is the same as OpenAI GPT-2 . Refer to [GPT-2 documentation](gpt2) for information on
configuration classes and their parameters.
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/megatron_gpt2/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 378_2 |
<!--Copyright 2024 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/ | .md | 379_0 |
|
The use of this model is governed by the [NVIDIA AI Foundation Models Community License Agreement](https://developer.nvidia.com/downloads/nv-ai-foundation-models-license). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#license | #license | .md | 379_1 |
Nemotron-4 is a family of enterprise ready generative text models compatible with [NVIDIA NeMo Framework](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/ai-data-science/generative-ai/nemo-framework/).
NVIDIA NeMo is an end-to-end, cloud-native platform to build, customize, and deploy generative AI models anywhere. It includes training and inferencing frameworks, guardrailing toolkits, data curation tools, and pretrained models, offering enterprises an easy, cost-effective, and fast way to adopt generative AI. To get access to NeMo Framework, please sign up at [this link](https://developer.nvidia.com/nemo-framework/join). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#description | #description | .md | 379_2 |
[Announcement Blog](https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-ai-foundation-models-build-custom-enterprise-chatbots-and-co-pilots-with-production-ready-llms/) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#references | #references | .md | 379_3 |
**Architecture Type:** Transformer
**Network Architecture:** Transformer Decoder (auto-regressive language model). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#model-architecture | #model-architecture | .md | 379_4 |
Minitron is a family of small language models (SLMs) obtained by pruning NVIDIA's [Nemotron-4 15B](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.16819) model. We prune model embedding size, attention heads, and MLP intermediate dimension, following which, we perform continued training with distillation to arrive at the final models.
Deriving the Minitron 8B and 4B models from the base 15B model using our approach requires up to **40x fewer training tokens** per model compared to training from scratch; this results in **compute cost savings of 1.8x** for training the full model family (15B, 8B, and 4B). Minitron models exhibit up to a 16% improvement in MMLU scores compared to training from scratch, perform comparably to other community models such as Mistral 7B, Gemma 7B and Llama-3 8B, and outperform state-of-the-art compression techniques from the literature. Please refer to our [arXiv paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.14679) for more details.
Minitron models are for research and development only. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#minitron-4b-base | #minitron-4b-base | .md | 379_5 |
The following code provides an example of how to load the Minitron-4B model and use it to perform text generation.
```python
import torch
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
# Load the tokenizer and model
model_path = 'nvidia/Minitron-4B-Base'
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_path)
device = 'cuda'
dtype = torch.bfloat16
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_path, torch_dtype=dtype, device_map=device)
# Prepare the input text
prompt = 'Complete the paragraph: our solar system is'
inputs = tokenizer.encode(prompt, return_tensors='pt').to(model.device)
# Generate the output
outputs = model.generate(inputs, max_length=20)
# Decode and print the output
output_text = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0])
print(output_text)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#huggingface-quickstart | #huggingface-quickstart | .md | 379_6 |
Minitron is released under the [NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement](https://developer.download.nvidia.com/licenses/nvidia-open-model-license-agreement-june-2024.pdf). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#license | #license | .md | 379_7 |
*5-shot performance.* Language Understanding evaluated using [Massive Multitask Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03300):
| Average |
| :---- |
| 58.6 |
*Zero-shot performance.* Evaluated using select datasets from the [LM Evaluation Harness](https://github.com/EleutherAI/lm-evaluation-harness) with additions:
| HellaSwag | Winogrande | GSM8K| ARC-C | XLSum |
| :------------- | :------------- | :------------- | :------------- | :------------- |
| 75.0 | 74.0 | 24.1 | 50.9 | 29.5
*Code generation performance*. Evaluated using [HumanEval](https://github.com/openai/human-eval):
| p@1, 0-Shot |
| :------------- |
| 23.3 |
Please refer to our [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.14679) for the full set of results. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#evaluation-results | #evaluation-results | .md | 379_8 |
If you find our work helpful, please consider citing our paper:
```
@article{minitron2024,
title={Compact Language Models via Pruning and Knowledge Distillation},
author={Saurav Muralidharan and Sharath Turuvekere Sreenivas and Raviraj Joshi and Marcin Chochowski and Mostofa Patwary and Mohammad Shoeybi and Bryan Catanzaro and Jan Kautz and Pavlo Molchanov},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.14679},
year={2024},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.14679},
}
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#citation | #citation | .md | 379_9 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`NemotronModel`]. It is used to instantiate an Nemotron
model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the
defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Nemotron-8B.
e.g. [nvidia/nemotron-3-8b-base-4k-hf](https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemotron-3-8b-base-4k-hf).
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 256000):
Vocabulary size of the Nemotron model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
`inputs_ids` passed when calling [`NemotronModel`]
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 6144):
Dimension of the hidden representations.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 24576):
Dimension of the MLP representations.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer decoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 48):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
head_dim (`int`, *optional*):
Projection weights dimension in multi-head attention. Set to hidden_size // num_attention_heads if None
num_key_value_heads (`int`, *optional*):
This is the number of key_value heads that should be used to implement Grouped Query Attention. If
`num_key_value_heads=num_attention_heads`, the model will use Multi Head Attention (MHA), if
`num_key_value_heads=1 the model will use Multi Query Attention (MQA) otherwise GQA is used. When
converting a multi-head checkpoint to a GQA checkpoint, each group key and value head should be constructed
by meanpooling all the original heads within that group. For more details checkout [this
paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.13245.pdf). If it is not specified, will default to
`num_attention_heads`.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu2"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the decoder.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0134):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the normalization layers.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
relevant if `config.is_decoder=True`.
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*):
Padding token id.
bos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
Beginning of stream token id.
eos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
End of stream token id.
tie_word_embeddings (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to tie weight embeddings
rope_theta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 10000.0):
The base period of the RoPE embeddings.
partial_rotary_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.5): Percentage of the query and keys which will have rotary embedding.
attention_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to use a bias in the query, key, value and output projection layers during self-attention.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
mlp_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to use a bias in up_proj and down_proj layers in the MLP layers.
```python
>>> from transformers import NemotronModel, NemotronConfig
>>> # Initializing a Nemotron nemotron-15b style configuration
>>> configuration = NemotronConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model from the nemotron-15b style configuration
>>> model = NemotronModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronconfig | #nemotronconfig | .md | 379_10 |
The bare Nemotron Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`NemotronConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Transformer decoder consisting of *config.num_hidden_layers* layers. Each layer is a [`NemotronDecoderLayer`]
Args:
config: NemotronConfig
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronmodel | #nemotronmodel | .md | 379_11 |
No docstring available for NemotronForCausalLM
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronforcausallm | #nemotronforcausallm | .md | 379_12 |
The Nemotron Model transformer with a sequence classification head on top (linear layer).
[`NemotronForSequenceClassification`] uses the last token in order to do the classification, as other causal models
(e.g. GPT-2) do.
Since it does classification on the last token, it requires to know the position of the last token. If a
`pad_token_id` is defined in the configuration, it finds the last token that is not a padding token in each row. If
no `pad_token_id` is defined, it simply takes the last value in each row of the batch. Since it cannot guess the
padding tokens when `inputs_embeds` are passed instead of `input_ids`, it does the same (take the last value in
each row of the batch).
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`NemotronConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronforsequenceclassification | #nemotronforsequenceclassification | .md | 379_13 |
The Nemotron Model transformer with a span classification head on top for extractive question-answering tasks like
SQuAD (a linear layer on top of the hidden-states output to compute `span start logits` and `span end logits`).
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`NemotronConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronforquestionanswering | #nemotronforquestionanswering | .md | 379_14 |
The Nemotron Model transformer with a token classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the hidden-states
output) e.g. for Named-Entity-Recognition (NER) tasks.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`NemotronConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/nemotron.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/nemotron/#nemotronfortokenclassification | #nemotronfortokenclassification | .md | 379_15 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/ | .md | 380_0 |
|
The OPT model was proposed in [Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.01068) by Meta AI.
OPT is a series of open-sourced large causal language models which perform similar in performance to GPT3.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Large language models, which are often trained for hundreds of thousands of compute days, have shown remarkable capabilities for zero- and few-shot learning. Given their computational cost, these models are difficult to replicate without significant capital. For the few that are available through APIs, no access is granted to the full model weights, making them difficult to study. We present Open Pre-trained Transformers (OPT), a suite of decoder-only pre-trained transformers ranging from 125M to 175B parameters, which we aim to fully and responsibly share with interested researchers. We show that OPT-175B is comparable to GPT-3, while requiring only 1/7th the carbon footprint to develop. We are also releasing our logbook detailing the infrastructure challenges we faced, along with code for experimenting with all of the released models.*
This model was contributed by [Arthur Zucker](https://huggingface.co/ArthurZ), [Younes Belkada](https://huggingface.co/ybelkada), and [Patrick Von Platen](https://huggingface.co/patrickvonplaten).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/facebookresearch/metaseq).
Tips:
- OPT has the same architecture as [`BartDecoder`].
- Contrary to GPT2, OPT adds the EOS token `</s>` to the beginning of every prompt. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#overview | #overview | .md | 380_1 |
A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with OPT. If you're
interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we will review it.
The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource.
<PipelineTag pipeline="text-generation" />
- A notebook on [fine-tuning OPT with PEFT, bitsandbytes, and Transformers](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1jCkpikz0J2o20FBQmYmAGdiKmJGOMo-o?usp=sharing). 🌎
- A blog post on [decoding strategies with OPT](https://huggingface.co/blog/introducing-csearch#62-example-two---opt).
- [Causal language modeling](https://huggingface.co/course/en/chapter7/6?fw=pt#training-a-causal-language-model-from-scratch) chapter of the 🤗 Hugging Face Course.
- [`OPTForCausalLM`] is supported by this [causal language modeling example script](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/language-modeling#gpt-2gpt-and-causal-language-modeling) and [notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/language_modeling.ipynb).
- [`TFOPTForCausalLM`] is supported by this [causal language modeling example script](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/tensorflow/language-modeling#run_clmpy) and [notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/language_modeling-tf.ipynb).
- [`FlaxOPTForCausalLM`] is supported by this [causal language modeling example script](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/flax/language-modeling#causal-language-modeling).
<PipelineTag pipeline="text-classification" />
- [Text classification task guide](sequence_classification.md)
- [`OPTForSequenceClassification`] is supported by this [example script](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/text-classification) and [notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/text_classification.ipynb).
<PipelineTag pipeline="question-answering" />
- [`OPTForQuestionAnswering`] is supported by this [question answering example script](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/question-answering) and [notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/question_answering.ipynb).
- [Question answering](https://huggingface.co/course/chapter7/7?fw=pt) chapter
of the 🤗 Hugging Face Course.
⚡️ Inference
- A blog post on [How 🤗 Accelerate runs very large models thanks to PyTorch](https://huggingface.co/blog/accelerate-large-models) with OPT. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#resources | #resources | .md | 380_2 |
First, make sure to install the latest version of Flash Attention 2 to include the sliding window attention feature.
```bash
pip install -U flash-attn --no-build-isolation
```
Make also sure that you have a hardware that is compatible with Flash-Attention 2. Read more about it in the official documentation of flash-attn repository. Make also sure to load your model in half-precision (e.g. `torch.float16``)
To load and run a model using Flash Attention 2, refer to the snippet below:
```python
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import OPTForCausalLM, GPT2Tokenizer
>>> device = "cuda" # the device to load the model onto
>>> model = OPTForCausalLM.from_pretrained("facebook/opt-350m", torch_dtype=torch.float16, attn_implementation="flash_attention_2")
>>> tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/opt-350m")
>>> prompt = ("A chat between a curious human and the Statue of Liberty.\n\nHuman: What is your name?\nStatue: I am the "
"Statue of Liberty.\nHuman: Where do you live?\nStatue: New York City.\nHuman: How long have you lived "
"there?")
>>> model_inputs = tokenizer([prompt], return_tensors="pt").to(device)
>>> model.to(device)
>>> generated_ids = model.generate(**model_inputs, max_new_tokens=30, do_sample=False)
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_ids)[0]
'</s>A chat between a curious human and the Statue of Liberty.\n\nHuman: What is your name?\nStatue: I am the Statue of Liberty.\nHuman: Where do you live?\nStatue: New York City.\nHuman: How long have you lived there?\nStatue: I have lived here for about a year.\nHuman: What is your favorite place to eat?\nStatue: I love'
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#combining-opt-and-flash-attention-2 | #combining-opt-and-flash-attention-2 | .md | 380_3 |
Below is an expected speedup diagram that compares pure inference time between the native implementation in transformers using `facebook/opt-2.7b` checkpoint and the Flash Attention 2 version of the model using two different sequence lengths.
<div style="text-align: center">
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/49240599/281101546-d2fca6d2-ee44-48f3-9534-ba8d5bee4531.png">
</div>
Below is an expected speedup diagram that compares pure inference time between the native implementation in transformers using `facebook/opt-350m` checkpoint and the Flash Attention 2 version of the model using two different sequence lengths.
<div style="text-align: center">
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/49240599/281101682-d1144e90-0dbc-46f4-8fc8-c6206cb793c9.png">
</div> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#expected-speedups | #expected-speedups | .md | 380_4 |
PyTorch includes a native scaled dot-product attention (SDPA) operator as part of `torch.nn.functional`. This function
encompasses several implementations that can be applied depending on the inputs and the hardware in use. See the
[official documentation](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention.html)
or the [GPU Inference](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/perf_infer_gpu_one#pytorch-scaled-dot-product-attention)
page for more information.
SDPA is used by default for `torch>=2.1.1` when an implementation is available, but you may also set
`attn_implementation="sdpa"` in `from_pretrained()` to explicitly request SDPA to be used.
```python
from transformers import OPTForCausalLM
model = OPTForCausalLM.from_pretrained("facebook/opt-350m", torch_dtype=torch.float16, attn_implementation="sdpa")
...
```
For the best speedups, we recommend loading the model in half-precision (e.g. `torch.float16` or `torch.bfloat16`).
On a local benchmark (L40S-45GB, PyTorch 2.4.0, OS Debian GNU/Linux 11) using `float16` with
[facebook/opt-350m](https://huggingface.co/facebook/opt-350m), we saw the
following speedups during training and inference. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#using-scaled-dot-product-attention-sdpa | #using-scaled-dot-product-attention-sdpa | .md | 380_5 |
| batch_size | seq_len | Time per batch (eager - s) | Time per batch (sdpa - s) | Speedup (%) | Eager peak mem (MB) | sdpa peak mem (MB) | Mem saving (%) |
|--------------:|-----------:|:------------------------------|-----------------------------:|:---------------|:-----------------------|----------------------:|:------------------|
| 1 | 128 | 0.047 | 0.037 | 26.360 | 1474.611 | 1474.32 | 0.019 |
| 1 | 256 | 0.046 | 0.037 | 24.335 | 1498.541 | 1499.49 | -0.063 |
| 1 | 512 | 0.046 | 0.037 | 24.959 | 1973.544 | 1551.35 | 27.215 |
| 1 | 1024 | 0.062 | 0.038 | 65.135 | 4867.113 | 1698.35 | 186.578 |
| 1 | 2048 | 0.230 | 0.039 | 483.933 | 15662.224 | 2715.75 | 476.718 |
| 2 | 128 | 0.045 | 0.037 | 20.455 | 1498.164 | 1499.49 | -0.089 |
| 2 | 256 | 0.046 | 0.037 | 24.027 | 1569.367 | 1551.35 | 1.161 |
| 2 | 512 | 0.045 | 0.037 | 20.965 | 3257.074 | 1698.35 | 91.778 |
| 2 | 1024 | 0.122 | 0.038 | 225.958 | 9054.405 | 2715.75 | 233.403 |
| 2 | 2048 | 0.464 | 0.067 | 593.646 | 30572.058 | 4750.55 | 543.548 |
| 4 | 128 | 0.045 | 0.037 | 21.918 | 1549.448 | 1551.35 | -0.123 |
| 4 | 256 | 0.044 | 0.038 | 18.084 | 2451.768 | 1698.35 | 44.361 |
| 4 | 512 | 0.069 | 0.037 | 84.421 | 5833.180 | 2715.75 | 114.791 |
| 4 | 1024 | 0.262 | 0.062 | 319.475 | 17427.842 | 4750.55 | 266.860 |
| 4 | 2048 | OOM | 0.062 | Eager OOM | OOM | 4750.55 | Eager OOM |
| 8 | 128 | 0.044 | 0.037 | 18.436 | 2049.115 | 1697.78 | 20.694 |
| 8 | 256 | 0.048 | 0.036 | 32.887 | 4222.567 | 2715.75 | 55.484 |
| 8 | 512 | 0.153 | 0.06 | 154.862 | 10985.391 | 4750.55 | 131.245 |
| 8 | 1024 | 0.526 | 0.122 | 330.697 | 34175.763 | 8821.18 | 287.428 |
| 8 | 2048 | OOM | 0.122 | Eager OOM | OOM | 8821.18 | Eager OOM | | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#training | #training | .md | 380_6 |
| batch_size | seq_len | Per token latency eager (ms) | Per token latency SDPA (ms) | Speedup (%) | Mem eager (MB) | Mem BT (MB) | Mem saved (%) |
|--------------:|-----------:|--------------------------------:|-------------------------------:|---------------:|------------------:|---------------:|-----------------:|
| 1 | 128 | 11.634 | 8.647 | 34.546 | 717.676 | 717.674 | 0 |
| 1 | 256 | 11.593 | 8.86 | 30.851 | 742.852 | 742.845 | 0.001 |
| 1 | 512 | 11.515 | 8.816 | 30.614 | 798.232 | 799.593 | -0.17 |
| 1 | 1024 | 11.556 | 8.915 | 29.628 | 917.265 | 895.538 | 2.426 |
| 2 | 128 | 12.724 | 11.002 | 15.659 | 762.434 | 762.431 | 0 |
| 2 | 256 | 12.704 | 11.063 | 14.83 | 816.809 | 816.733 | 0.009 |
| 2 | 512 | 12.757 | 10.947 | 16.535 | 917.383 | 918.339 | -0.104 |
| 2 | 1024 | 13.018 | 11.018 | 18.147 | 1162.65 | 1114.81 | 4.291 |
| 4 | 128 | 12.739 | 10.959 | 16.243 | 856.335 | 856.483 | -0.017 |
| 4 | 256 | 12.718 | 10.837 | 17.355 | 957.298 | 957.674 | -0.039 |
| 4 | 512 | 12.813 | 10.822 | 18.393 | 1158.44 | 1158.45 | -0.001 |
| 4 | 1024 | 13.416 | 11.06 | 21.301 | 1653.42 | 1557.19 | 6.18 |
| 8 | 128 | 12.763 | 10.891 | 17.193 | 1036.13 | 1036.51 | -0.036 |
| 8 | 256 | 12.89 | 11.104 | 16.085 | 1236.98 | 1236.87 | 0.01 |
| 8 | 512 | 13.327 | 10.939 | 21.836 | 1642.29 | 1641.78 | 0.031 |
| 8 | 1024 | 15.181 | 11.175 | 35.848 | 2634.98 | 2443.35 | 7.843 | | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#inference | #inference | .md | 380_7 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`OPTModel`]. It is used to instantiate a OPT model
according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the
defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the OPT
[facebook/opt-350m](https://huggingface.co/facebook/opt-350m) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 50272):
Vocabulary size of the OPT model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
`inputs_ids` passed when calling [`OPTModel`]
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of decoder layers.
ffn_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in decoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
activation_function (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"silu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).
do_layer_norm_before (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to perform layer normalization before the attention block.
word_embed_proj_dim (`int`, *optional*):
`word_embed_proj_dim` can be set to down-project word embeddings, *e.g.* `opt-350m`. Defaults to
`hidden_size`.
dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
layerdrop (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The LayerDrop probability. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556) for more
details.
init_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models).
enable_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not if the linear layers in the attention blocks should use the bias term.
layer_norm_elementwise_affine (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not if the layer norms should have learnable parameters.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import OPTConfig, OPTModel
>>> # Initializing a OPT facebook/opt-large style configuration
>>> configuration = OPTConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the facebook/opt-large style configuration
>>> model = OPTModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
```
<frameworkcontent>
<pt> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#optconfig | #optconfig | .md | 380_8 |
The bare OPT Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`OPTConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/opt.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/opt/#optmodel | #optmodel | .md | 380_9 |
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