In August 2013, five people were killed and hundreds evacuated when a volcano on a small island in East Nusa Tenggara province erupted.Following an initial supplementary immunization activity (SIA) on 15 January 2013, 4 nationwide and 3 subnational SIAs were conducted and, a joint national and international team of epidemiologists and public health experts were deployed by the World Health Organization 's Regional Office for Africa to assist the Government of Niger in the investigations, help plan response activities and support active searches for additional cases of paralytic polio.