multi-train/SimpleWiki_1107 · Datasets at Hugging Face

query stringlengths 12 2.51k	pos list	neg list	task stringclasses 1 value	instruction dict
All lymphocytes come from a common basic lymphocyte cell before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types .	[ "All lymphocytes originate , during this process , from a common lymphoid progenitor before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types ." ]	[ "The abbreviation T , in T cell , stands for thymus , since this is the principal organ responsible for the T cell 's maturation ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Mammalian stem cells change or differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow .	[ "Mammalian stem cells differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow ." ]	[ "Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections , as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Once they are made active , B cells and T cells produce memory cells .	[ "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells . Following activation , B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered , in the form of memory cells ." ]	[ "Equipped with this gene , the former II-R strain bacteria were now protected from the host 's immune system and could kill the host ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Cytokines signal to other immune cells that there is a foreign antigen present . Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .	[ "Effector lymphocytes function to eliminate the antigen , either by releasing antibodies ( in the case of B cells ) , cytotoxic granules ( cytotoxic T cells ) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system ( helper T cells ) ." ]	[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
T cells ( thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the main cells of the adaptive immune response .	[ "T cells ( Thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response ." ]	[ "One basis for low T cell lymphocytes occurs when the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) infects and destroys T cells ( specifically , the CD4 + subgroup of T lymphocytes ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
When white blood cells are counted , the lymphocyte count is the percentage of lymphocytes present .	[ "A lymphocyte count is usually part of a peripheral complete blood cell count and is expressed as percentage of lymphocytes to total white blood cells counted ." ]	[ "One basis for low T cell lymphocytes occurs when the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) infects and destroys T cells ( specifically , the CD4 + subgroup of T lymphocytes ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .	[ "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells ." ]	[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The extent of HIV progression is found by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood .	[ "The extent of HIV progression is typically determined by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood ." ]	[ "T cells ( Thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The NK cells then release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells .	[ "Activated NK cells release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells ." ]	[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally high lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) .	[ "An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally raised lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) ." ]	[ "When two causes of anemia act simultaneously , e.g. , macrocytic hypochromic , due to hookworm infestation leading to deficiency of both iron and vitamin B12 or folic acid or following a blood transfusion more than one abnormality of red cell indices may be seen ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes prone to infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people .	[ "Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes susceptible to opportunistic infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people ." ]	[ "N. fowleri can invade and attack the human nervous system . Although this occurs rarely , such an infection will nearly always result in the death of the victim ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
QuiestÃ de is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .	[ "QuiestÃ de is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]	[ "Saint-L Ã ger is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the text about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the text about Geography:" }
In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water in the area .	[ "In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water that rises there ." ]	[ "Between MorÃ n and the north coast are several lakes , including the Laguna de Leche ( the Lagoon of Milk , so called for its white appearance because of large lime deposits underwater ) which is the largest natural lake in Cuba ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between males and females .	[ "Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction , leading to an evolutionary arms race between males and females ." ]	[ "However , it may be difficult to reintroduce EW species into the wild , even if their natural habitats were restored , because survival techniques , which are normally passed from parents to offspring during parenting , may be lost ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune .	[ "AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune in the department of Ain in eastern France ." ]	[ "BÃ cents gÃ - le-Ch Ã cents tel is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:" }
Lebanon Junction is a city of Kentucky in the United States .	[ "Lebanon Junction is a city in Bullitt County , Kentucky , United States ." ]	[ "Orchard Grass Hills is a city in Oldham County , Kentucky , United States ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The Swedish Wikipedia ( In Swedish : SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia ) is the Swedish-language edition of Wikipedia .	[ "The Swedish Wikipedia ( SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia or Svenska Wikipedia ) is the Swedish language edition of Wikipedia ." ]	[ "Started in March 2001 , this edition has over 1 million articles as of 2011 and is the third largest Wikipedia after the English language and German language editions ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Robert Indiana ( born as Robert Clark in New Castle , Indiana on September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist . He is known for being a part of the pop art movement .	[ "Robert Indiana ( born September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist associated with the Pop Art movement ." ]	[ "Cid ( Sidney ) Corman ( June 29 , 1924 -- March 12 , 2004 ) was an American poet , translator and editor , most notably of Origin , who was a key figure in the history of American poetry in the second half of the 20th century ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Indiana 's work often has bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like `` EAT '' , `` HUG '' , and `` LOVE '' .	[ "Indiana 's work often consists of bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like EAT , HUG , and , his best known example , LOVE ." ]	[ "The most common variety has seven colors , purple , blue , azure , green , yellow , orange and red , and is emblazoned in bold with the Italian word PACE , meaning `` peace '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Welles also made the movie Citizen Kane in 1941 .	[ "The American Film Institute ranked Citizen Kane as the greatest American movie . Other Welles films were nominated for their list :" ]	[ "Frank Capra later invited Hardy to play a cameo role in Riding High with Bing Crosby in 1950 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Ilonse is a commune .	[ "Ilonse is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ." ]	[ "Staicele is a town in Latvia ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
In classical economics it is considered one of three factors of production , the other two being capital and labor ; income that one gets because of ownership or control of natural resources is often referred to as rent .	[ "In classical economics , land is considered one of the three factors of production ( along with capital , and labor ) . Income derived from ownership or control of natural resources is referred to as rent ." ]	[ "During it , economic assets ( or capital ) were represented by bullion ( gold , silver , and trade value ) , which was best increased through a positive and healthy balance of trade with other states ( exports minus imports ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Wallins Creek is a city of Kentucky in the United States .	[ "Wallins Creek is a city in Harlan County , Kentucky , United States ." ]	[ "Rolling Fields is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
He was the son of Henry James Senior , a clergyman , and the brother of William and Alice James .	[ "He was the son of Henry James , Sr. , a clergyman , and the brother of philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James ." ]	[ "Her father , Benjamin Mayson , died when she was young and her mother , Elizabeth Jerram , later married Henry Dorling , who was a widower and had four children of his own ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family .	[ "The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family that is endemic to the islands of Oahu and Maui in Hawaii ." ]	[ "Schizanthus , â '' common names butterfly flower , fringeflower , poor-man 's - orchidâ '' is a genus of plants in the Solanaceae ( nightshade ) family ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
It is in danger due to the loss of its natural area of habitat .	[ "It is threatened by habitat loss ." ]	[ "It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural , or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Goualade is a commune .	[ "Goualade is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ." ]	[ "Staicele is a town in Latvia ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Takashi Kitano ( born 4 October 1982 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Omiya Ardija .	[ "Takashi Kitano ( Japanese : å -- é è ä , born October 4 , 1982 , Sapporo , Hokkaido ) is a Japanese professional football goalkeeper who currently plays for Japan 's J. League Division 1 club Omiya Ardija ." ]	[ "Hyun Young-Min ( born 25 December 1979 ) is a South Korean football player who currently plays for FC Seoul ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Sports:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Sports:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Ismael Urzaiz ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a former Spanish football player .	[ "Ismael Urzaiz Aranda ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a center forward ." ]	[ "Martin Vilallonga ( born 7 October 1970 ) is a former Argentine footballer ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Sports:" }
Playground slides are slides for children to play on in playgrounds .	[ "Playground slides are found in parks , schools , playgrounds and backyards ." ]	[ "Blankets may also be used on the ground for a picnic or other places where people want to sit in a grassy or muddy area without soiling their clothing ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The child climbs up a ladder or some stairs , then sits down at the top and slides all the way down . Some children like to slide down on their backs or on their stomachs .	[ "The user , typically a child , climbs to the top of the slide via a ladder or stairs and sits down on the top of the slide and `` slides '' down the slide ." ]	[ "They go outside in traditional Korean clothing , hold each other 's hands , make a circle , and start rotating clockwise ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
In a phrase , the main word , or the word that is what the phrase is about , is called the head .	[ "This word is the head of the phrase and gives its name to the phrase category ." ]	[ "Another different form of counting to this is `` counting the '' ; for example , `` counting the '' number of pieces of fruit in a fruit bowl . In this form , the `` the '' refers to some things that are already `` given '' in some sense ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The law of conservation of energy has therefore been extended to become the Law of conservation of matter and energy .	[ "Energy is subject to the law of conservation of energy ." ]	[ "Work and heat are processes which add or subtract energy , while the internal energy is a particular form of energy associated with the system . Thus the term `` heat energy '' for means `` that amount of energy added as the result of heating '' rather than referring to a particular form of energy ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Energy can not be made or destroyed .	[ "In this closed system , energy can not be created or destroyed ; therefore , the initial energy and the final energy will be equal to each other ." ]	[ "Even though a magnet is said to have a north pole and a south pole , these two poles can not be separated from each other ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same .	[ "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly ." ]	[ "In other words , a heat engine absorbs heat energy from the high temperature heat source , converting part of it to useful work and delivering the rest to the cold temperature heat sink ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same . Energy can not be made or destroyed .	[ "One form of energy can often be readily transformed into another with the help of a device - for instance , a battery , from chemical energy to electric energy ; a dam : gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy of moving water ( and the blades of a turbine ) and ultimately to electric energy through an electric generator ." ]	[ "In other words , a heat engine absorbs heat energy from the high temperature heat source , converting part of it to useful work and delivering the rest to the cold temperature heat sink ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Energy is something that can do work .	[ "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly . This is referred to as conservation of energy ." ]	[ "Working on one invention can lead to others too ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Energy can not be made or destroyed . This rule is called the `` conservation law of energy '' .	[ "According to energy conservation law the total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system , plus the change in the energy contained within the system ." ]	[ "Lenz 's law is a common way of understanding how electromagnetic circuits must always obey Newton 's third law and The Law of Conservation of Energy ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The structural components of plants are formed primarily from cellulose .	[ "The structural component of plants are formed primarily from cellulose ." ]	[ "They do not contain lipids since they are not surrounded by a membrane ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin .	[ "Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen , and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin ." ]	[ "It is one of the three important dietary monosaccharides along with glucose and galactose ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
They tend to be amorphous , insoluble in water , and have no sweet taste .	[ "They may be amorphous or even insoluble in water ." ]	[ "The most important idea in the dissertation was his explanation of the fact that neither pure salts nor pure water is a conductor , but solutions of salts in water are ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases .	[ "They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases , which can break the alpha-linkages ( glycosidic bonds ) ." ]	[ "Humans and many other animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages , so they do not digest cellulose ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units .	[ "Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units bonded together by beta-linkages ." ]	[ "Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides are joined together and a molecule of water is removed ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Humans and many other animals do not digest cellulose .	[ "Humans and many other animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages , so they do not digest cellulose ." ]	[ "These include about 630 species that attract and trap prey , produce digestive enzymes , and absorb the resulting available nutrients ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
By 1453 , Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici . In that year she gave birth to Donato who was named after the sculptor Donatello .	[ "Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici by 1453 , because in that year Donato ( named after Donatello ) was born , and in 1456 his wife gave birth to Antonia ." ]	[ "In January 1478 he received his first independent commission , to paint an altarpiece in 1478 for the Chapel of St Bernard in the Palazzo Vecchio and The Adoration of the Magi in March 1481 for the Monks of San Donato a Scopeto ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program and made by the Soviet rocket scientists Sergey Korolyov and Kerim Kerimov .	[ "Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program , and was designed by Soviet engineers guided by Sergey Korolyov under military supervision of Kerim Kerimov and others ." ]	[ "Kazan University is known as `` the birthplace of organic chemistry '' due to works of Aleksandr Butlerov , Vladimir Markovnikov , Aleksandr Arbuzov , and the birthplace of Electron Spin Resonance due to work of Evgeny Zavoisky ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
It took into space Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union .	[ "The flight took Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union , into space ." ]	[ "To the new era was established to commemorate this event ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
It used a Vostok 3KA spacecraft , and was launched on April 12 , 1961 .	[ "The Vostok 3KA spacecraft was launched on April 12 , 1961 ." ]	[ "Based on the Fiat Tipo 3 , it was a four-door seven-seat sedan powered by a front-mounted 26 k 2.8 litre straight-4 engine driving the rear wheels , and was capable of speeds up to 20 m. 22 were built at the company 's Kobe shipyard , including prototypes , between 1917 and 1921 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Angela 's clothes are made by Adidas .	[ "Angela 's clothing is provided by Adidas ." ]	[ "Beautiful , also , is the sun ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Her racquets are made by Babolat .	[ "Her racquets are provided by Babolat ." ]	[ "He also owns a cello made of carbon fiber by the Luis and Clark company of Boston ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Angela is currently ranked World No. 157 , race-singles World No. 120 and World No. 171 in doubles as of November 7 , 2009 .	[ "Angela is currently ranked World No. 158 , race-singles World No. 260 and World No. 198 in doubles as of March 8 , 2010 ." ]	[ "He has spent over 40 weeks in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Rankings from 2004 to 2009 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , who used to be a San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September , 2005 .	[ "Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , a former San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September 2005 ." ]	[ "Cullen , a smoker for most of his life , died on July 7 , 1990 , of lung cancer in Los Angeles ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she got in August , 2005 .	[ "Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she attained in August , 2005 ." ]	[ "Nicol has also obtained the WISPA Player of the Year on six consecutive occasions , from 2005 until 2010 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Interstate H-3 is a highway in the American state of Hawaii . It begins at the Halawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 .	[ "Interstate H-3 begins at the HÄ lawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 ." ]	[ "Interstate 43 ( I-43 ) is a 191.55 m intrastate Interstate Highway located entirely within the U.S. state of Wisconsin , connecting Interstate 39 and Interstate 90 in Beloit with Milwaukee and U.S. Route 41 and U.S. Route 141 in Green Bay . I-43 is the 5th longest intrastate Interstate Highway of the Interstate Highway system ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The highway then runs along a viaduct through Halawa Valley for about 6 miles . It then goes through the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Koolau Mountains .	[ "The freeway then runs along a viaduct through HÄ lawa Valley for about 6 m until it reaches the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Ko ` olau Mountains ." ]	[ "Several small lakes surround NY 308 as it intersects CR 52 in the hamlet of Eighmyville and subsequently turns to the northeast , traveling within a large open field ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the highway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with state route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe .	[ "Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the freeway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with State Route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe ." ]	[ "Interstate H-3 begins at the HÄ lawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Italy won the trophy after beating Germany in the final .	[ "The tournament was won by Italy , after beating West Germany 3 â `` 1 in the final ." ]	[ "The team played another qualifying match in the same tournament at the stadium in 1997 , beating Greece 4 â `` 2 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The 1982 FIFA World Cup was a football ( soccer ) sporting event that was held in Spain in 1982 .	[ "The 1982 FIFA World Cup , the 12th FIFA World Cup , was held in Spain from 13 June to 11 July ." ]	[ "The UEFA Women 's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA , the European governing body , who have qualified for the competition ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The upper 16 km ( 10 miles ) of the Earth 's crust is composed of about 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks .	[ "The upper 16 k of Earth 's crust is composed of approximately 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks ." ]	[ "Because obsidian is metastable at the Earth 's surface ( over time the glass becomes fine-grained mineral crystals ) , no obsidian has been found that is older than Cretaceous age ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock .	[ "Igneous rock ( derived from the Latin word igneus meaning of fire , from ignis meaning fire ) is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock ." ]	[ "As a result , oceanic lithosphere is much younger than continental lithosphere : the oldest oceanic lithosphere is about 170 million years old , while parts of the continental lithosphere are billions of years old ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Igneous rocks are rocks formed from molten magma .	[ "Extrusive igneous rocks are formed at the crust 's surface as a result of the partial melting of rocks within the mantle and crust . Extrusive Igneous rocks cool and solidify quicker than intrusive igneous rocks ." ]	[ "Mafic lava , before cooling , has a low viscosity , in comparison to felsic lava , due to the lower silica content in mafic magma ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Brett Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football player . He plays for Blackburn Rovers and Australia national team .	[ "Brett Michael Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football ( soccer ) player who plays as a midfielder for Blackburn Rovers and for the Australian national football team ." ]	[ "Jason Culina ( , from Croatian Ä ulina ; born 5 August 1980 in Melbourne , Victoria ) is an Australian football ( soccer ) player who currently plays for Newcastle Jets and the Australia national football team ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Berzy-le-Sec is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .	[ "Berzy-le-Sec is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]	[ "BÃ thancourt-en-Vaux is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:" }
Oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in Persia and Ancient Egypt in artwork , wooden models , and even parts of actual boats of that times .	[ "In Iran , oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in artwork , wooden models , and even remnants of actual boats ." ]	[ "Around 500 BC , they ceased to be used for the decoration of monumental buildings , but were still shown on antefixes of smaller structures throughout the next century ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Midhurst is a town in West Sussex , England . In 2001 there were 4,889 people living in Midhurst .	[ "Midhurst ( ; Sussex dialect : Medhas ) is a market town and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex , England , with a population of 4,889 in 2001 ." ]	[ "Located 38 miles ( 62 km ) south of London , 10 miles ( 16 km ) north of Brighton and Hove , and 29 miles ( 47 km ) east-northeast of the county town of Chichester , it occupies an area of 2,339.57 acres ( 946.79 hectares ) and had a population of 28,803 at the time of the 2001 Census , making it the most populous parish in the district ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
LaignÃ is a commune of 674 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .	[ "LaignÃ is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]	[ "Corpe is a commune of the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The song can also be found as a hidden track on international editions of the singer 's second solo studio album , B ` Day ( 2006 ) .	[ "It also appeared as a hidden track on international editions , and on the deluxe edition of Knowles ' second solo studio album , B ` Day ." ]	[ "Frederiksen played with the band on its second studio album Let 's Go ( 1994 ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
It was released as the first single from the film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States and on was released in the United Kingdom on February 19 , 2007 .	[ "The track was released as the lead single from film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States through Columbia Records ." ]	[ "Montag 's debut album , Superficial , was digitally released on January 11 , 2010 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Listen is a song performed by American R&B singer-songwriter BeyoncÃ Knowles in the 2006 film Dreamgirls .	[ "`` Listen '' is a 2006 R&B , soul song recorded by American singer BeyoncÃ ." ]	[ "`` Upgrade U '' is a song recorded by American R&B singer BeyoncÃ Knowles for her second studio album , B ` Day ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Radymno is a town and commune in Subcarpathian Voivodeship , in JarosÅ aw district , Poland . Between 1975 â `` 1998 town was in Przemyskie Voivodeship .	[ "Radymno was previously in the PrzemyÅ l Voivodeship from 1975 -- 1998 ." ]	[ "Situated on the Ina River it is the capital of Stargard County and since 1999 has been in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship ; prior to that it was in the Szczecin Voivodeship ( 1975 â `` 1998 ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
BiÃ vres is a commune .	[ "BiÃ vres is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]	[ "FÃ cents ntÃ cents na Mare is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The voyage then went to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after damage on the Great Barrier Reef .	[ "The voyage then progressed to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the overt purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent almost seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after foundering on the Great Barrier Reef ." ]	[ "The Friendship left Port Jackson on 14 July 1788 in company with Alexander . The crews of both ships were so badly affected by scurvy off the coast of Borneo that enough healthy sailors remained for only one working ship , and the Friendship was deliberately sunk ( scuttled ) on the 28th of October 1788 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Banks took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage from 1768 to 1771 .	[ "He took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage ( 1768 -- 1771 ) ." ]	[ "Philip Carteret , Seigneur of Trinity ( January 22 , 1733 , Trinity Manor , Jersey â `` July 21 , 1796 , Southampton ) was a British naval officer and explorer who participated in two of the Royal Navy 's circumnavigation expeditions in 1764-66 and 1766-69 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
About 80 species of plants are named after Banks .	[ "Approximately 80 species of plants bear Banks 's name ." ]	[ "Although they were first discovered in 1883 , a common name does not yet exist for the taxon ; the scientific name literally means `` flat animals '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Banks discovered and collected Eucalyptus , Acacia , Mimosa , and Banksia .	[ "Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus , acacia , mimosa , and the genus named after him , Banksia ." ]	[ "Two rare plants growing in the area are the Araluen Gum and the Araluen Zieria ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
While they were in Australia Banks , Solander and SpÃ ring made the first collection of Australian plants , describing many that were new to science .	[ "While they were in Australia Banks , the Swedish botanist Daniel Solander and the Finnish botanist Dr. Herman SpÃ ring Jr. made the first major collection of Australian flora , describing many species new to science ." ]	[ "When Bates arrived home in 1859 after a full eleven years , he had sent back over 14,000 species ( mostly of insects ) of which 8,000 were new to science ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 13 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences .	[ "Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 2 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences ." ]	[ "Captain James Cook FRS RN ( 7 November 1728 â `` 14 February 1779 ) was a British explorer , navigator and cartographer , ultimately rising to the rank of Captain in the Royal Navy ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador to study their natural history .	[ "In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year , at 23 , he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador with a view of studying their natural history ." ]	[ "Cook and his crew remained for almost 7 weeks and made contact with the local Guugu Yimithirr Aborigines , while the naturalists Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander made extensive collections of native flora , while Sydney Parkinson illustrated much of the flora and fauna of the region ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
They are also called ginger ants and tropical fire ants .	[ "They have several common names including ginger ants and tropical fire ants ." ]	[ "Insects are also included , especially large crickets , cicadas , etc." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Fire ants are stinging ants .	[ "Fire ants are a variety of stinging ants with over 280 species worldwide ." ]	[ "Another example is the Australian hornet ( Abispa ephippium ) , which is actually a species of potter wasp ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
GÃ raudot is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .	[ "GÃ raudot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ." ]	[ "Ervy-le-Ch Ã cents tel is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:" }
MickaÃ `` l Landreau ( born 14 May 1979 ) is a French football player . He plays for Lille .	[ "MickaÃ `` l Vincent AndrÃ - Marie Landreau ( born May 14 , 1979 in Machecoul ) is a French professional football goalkeeper , who currently plays for French Ligue 1 side Lille OSC ." ]	[ "GaÃ `` l Givet-Viaros ( born 9 October 1981 in Arles , France ) is a French football player who plays for Blackburn Rovers in the English Premier League ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Sports:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Sports:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Sports:" }
Some call them China 's `` lost generation . ''	[ "Some commentators consider these people , many of whom lost the opportunity to attend university , China 's `` lost generation . ''" ]	[ "The region soon became known as the nation 's `` breadbasket '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia .	[ "Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Laureate Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong , and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia ." ]	[ "Liu was formerly a civil servant in the Beijing tax bureau , and met her husband Liu Xiaobo while part of the Beijing literary scene in the 1980s ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
During the Cultural Revolution , anti-bourgeois thinking was very common . Mao Zedong said that richer youth from the cities would be sent to mountains or farming villages so they could learn from the workers and farmers there .	[ "As a result of the anti-bourgeois thinking prevalent during the Cultural Revolution , Mao Zedong declared certain privileged urban youth would be sent to mountainous areas or farming villages , in order that they could learn from the workers and farmers there ." ]	[ "Nevertheless , the Chinese government has never officially repudiated the tactics of Mao . Deng Xiaoping , who was opposed to the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution , has to a certain extent rejected Mao 's legacy , famously saying that Mao was `` 70 % right and 30 % wrong '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
The Down to the Countryside Movement was a government plan in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s .	[ "The Down to the Countryside Movement was a policy instituted in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s ." ]	[ "Progress in developing the TAR was hindered by political and economic obstacles throughout the 1960s , 1970s and early 1980s ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Many fresh high school graduates were forced out of the cities . They had to stay in far away areas of China .	[ "As a result , many fresh high school graduates , who became known as the Rusticated Youth of China , were forced out of the cities and effectively exiled to remote areas of China ." ]	[ "In the past , several fishermen also lived on the islets temporarily ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Abel Braga ( born 1 September , 1952 ) is a former Brazilian football player .	[ "Abel Carlos da Silva Braga , also known as Abel Braga or just Abel during his playing days ( born September 1 , 1952 ) , is a football ( soccer ) manager and a former football player ." ]	[ "Sandro Chaves de Assis Rosa , ( born May 19 , 1973 in Brazil ) is a Brazilian football player ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:", "pos": "Represent the sentence about Sports:", "neg": "Represent the sentence about Sports:" }
In this example , the function named gradient forms a closure together with the variables f and dx . This closure is then returned by the outer function named derivative .	[ "At runtime , when the outer function executes , a closure is formed , consisting of the inner functionâ s code and references to any variables of the outer function required by the closure ; such variables are called the upvalues of the closure ." ]	[ "The numbered parameters , , , , ... , are the first 7 positional parameters passed from using : ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
In this example , the lambda expression appears within the function .	[ "These are limited ( or `` crippled '' ) by the fact that the result of the lambda expression must be one expression rather than a statement . Thus , it is not possible to put a `` for '' , `` while '' , or `` if '' block in a lambda expression ." ]	[ "; listn \\* : ( i.e. list1 , list2 , etc. ) The body of the template , usually a list of links ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
These are however different concepts .	[ "These are , however , distinct concepts ." ]	[ "Its empirical standards applied in one of the first and certainly strongest homes for serious textual criticism ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
A function may create a closure and return it . The following example is a function that returns a function .	[ "In some languages , a closure may occur when a function is defined within another function , and the inner function refers to local variables of the outer function ." ]	[ "These are limited ( or `` crippled '' ) by the fact that the result of the lambda expression must be one expression rather than a statement . Thus , it is not possible to put a `` for '' , `` while '' , or `` if '' block in a lambda expression ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries with economies that are like the BRICs . But O'Neill did n't include these countries because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD .	[ "According to a paper published in 2005 , Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries comparable to the BRICs , but their economies were excluded initially because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD ." ]	[ "Members of middle class , who are predominantly white but whose ranks include growing numbers of black , colored and Indian people , have lifestyles similar in many respects to that of people found in Western Europe , North America and Australasia ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
When people write about these countries , they usually write BRICs or the BRIC countries '' ' .	[ "It is typically rendered as `` the BRICs '' or `` the BRIC countries '' or alternatively as the `` Big Four '' ." ]	[ "Most developed countries ' voting power was reduced , while countries including Nigeria ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
The acronym was invented by Jim O'Neill , an economist who worked for Goldman Sachs . In 2001 , he wrote an article that he called `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' .	[ "The acronym was coined by Jim O'Neill in a 2001 paper entitled `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' ." ]	[ "In 1998 he was appointed president of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development , and settled in London , where the headquarters of the bank is located ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Education:" }
BRIC is used to talk about the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China . Many economists think that all these countries are at a similar stage of economic development .	[ "In economics , BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China , which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development ." ]	[ "Members of middle class , who are predominantly white but whose ranks include growing numbers of black , colored and Indian people , have lifestyles similar in many respects to that of people found in Western Europe , North America and Australasia ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Harold Robbins ( born Harold Rubin ) ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was an American author .	[ "Harold Robbins ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was one of the best-selling American authors of all time ." ]	[ "Joseph Gilbert Fates ( September 29 , 1914 Newark , New Jersey - May 1 , 2000 New York City , New York , ) was an American television producer ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Literature:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Literature:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
MÃ thamis is a commune of 397 people ( 1999 ) . It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .	[ "MÃ thamis is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France ." ]	[ "Allauch ( Alaug in Occitan ; ) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rh Ã ne in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region of France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the description about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the description about Geography:" }
Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .	[ "Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]	[ "Rocles is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:" }
Regina is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan .	[ "Regina ( `` rej-eye-na '' ) is the capital of Saskatchewan , Canada ." ]	[ "Outlook is a town in west central Saskatchewan , Canada about 80 km south-southwest of Saskatoon ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }

All lymphocytes come from a common basic lymphocyte cell before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types .

[ "All lymphocytes originate , during this process , from a common lymphoid progenitor before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types ." ]

[ "The abbreviation T , in T cell , stands for thymus , since this is the principal organ responsible for the T cell 's maturation ." ]

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Mammalian stem cells change or differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow .

[ "Mammalian stem cells differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow ." ]

[ "Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections , as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan ." ]

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Once they are made active , B cells and T cells produce memory cells .

[ "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells . Following activation , B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered , in the form of memory cells ." ]

[ "Equipped with this gene , the former II-R strain bacteria were now protected from the host 's immune system and could kill the host ." ]

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Cytokines signal to other immune cells that there is a foreign antigen present . Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .

[ "Effector lymphocytes function to eliminate the antigen , either by releasing antibodies ( in the case of B cells ) , cytotoxic granules ( cytotoxic T cells ) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system ( helper T cells ) ." ]

[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]

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T cells ( thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the main cells of the adaptive immune response .

[ "T cells ( Thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response ." ]

[ "One basis for low T cell lymphocytes occurs when the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) infects and destroys T cells ( specifically , the CD4 + subgroup of T lymphocytes ) ." ]

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When white blood cells are counted , the lymphocyte count is the percentage of lymphocytes present .

[ "A lymphocyte count is usually part of a peripheral complete blood cell count and is expressed as percentage of lymphocytes to total white blood cells counted ." ]

[ "One basis for low T cell lymphocytes occurs when the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) infects and destroys T cells ( specifically , the CD4 + subgroup of T lymphocytes ) ." ]

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Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .

[ "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells ." ]

[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]

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The extent of HIV progression is found by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood .

[ "The extent of HIV progression is typically determined by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood ." ]

[ "T cells ( Thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response ." ]

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The NK cells then release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells .

[ "Activated NK cells release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells ." ]

[ "The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects , such as bacteria , that are not normally found in the body ." ]

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An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally high lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) .

[ "An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally raised lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) ." ]

[ "When two causes of anemia act simultaneously , e.g. , macrocytic hypochromic , due to hookworm infestation leading to deficiency of both iron and vitamin B12 or folic acid or following a blood transfusion more than one abnormality of red cell indices may be seen ." ]

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Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes prone to infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people .

[ "Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes susceptible to opportunistic infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people ." ]

[ "N. fowleri can invade and attack the human nervous system . Although this occurs rarely , such an infection will nearly always result in the death of the victim ." ]

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QuiestÃ de is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

[ "QuiestÃ de is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]

[ "Saint-L Ã ger is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]

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In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water in the area .

[ "In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water that rises there ." ]

[ "Between MorÃ n and the north coast are several lakes , including the Laguna de Leche ( the Lagoon of Milk , so called for its white appearance because of large lime deposits underwater ) which is the largest natural lake in Cuba ." ]

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The conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between males and females .

[ "Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction , leading to an evolutionary arms race between males and females ." ]

[ "However , it may be difficult to reintroduce EW species into the wild , even if their natural habitats were restored , because survival techniques , which are normally passed from parents to offspring during parenting , may be lost ." ]

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AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune .

[ "AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune in the department of Ain in eastern France ." ]

[ "BÃ cents gÃ - le-Ch Ã cents tel is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ." ]

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Lebanon Junction is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

[ "Lebanon Junction is a city in Bullitt County , Kentucky , United States ." ]

[ "Orchard Grass Hills is a city in Oldham County , Kentucky , United States ." ]

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The Swedish Wikipedia ( In Swedish : SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia ) is the Swedish-language edition of Wikipedia .

[ "The Swedish Wikipedia ( SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia or Svenska Wikipedia ) is the Swedish language edition of Wikipedia ." ]

[ "Started in March 2001 , this edition has over 1 million articles as of 2011 and is the third largest Wikipedia after the English language and German language editions ." ]

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Robert Indiana ( born as Robert Clark in New Castle , Indiana on September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist . He is known for being a part of the pop art movement .

[ "Robert Indiana ( born September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist associated with the Pop Art movement ." ]

[ "Cid ( Sidney ) Corman ( June 29 , 1924 -- March 12 , 2004 ) was an American poet , translator and editor , most notably of Origin , who was a key figure in the history of American poetry in the second half of the 20th century ." ]

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Indiana 's work often has bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like `` EAT '' , `` HUG '' , and `` LOVE '' .

[ "Indiana 's work often consists of bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like EAT , HUG , and , his best known example , LOVE ." ]

[ "The most common variety has seven colors , purple , blue , azure , green , yellow , orange and red , and is emblazoned in bold with the Italian word PACE , meaning `` peace '' ." ]

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Welles also made the movie Citizen Kane in 1941 .

[ "The American Film Institute ranked Citizen Kane as the greatest American movie . Other Welles films were nominated for their list :" ]

[ "Frank Capra later invited Hardy to play a cameo role in Riding High with Bing Crosby in 1950 ." ]

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Ilonse is a commune .

[ "Ilonse is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ." ]

[ "Staicele is a town in Latvia ." ]

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In classical economics it is considered one of three factors of production , the other two being capital and labor ; income that one gets because of ownership or control of natural resources is often referred to as rent .

[ "In classical economics , land is considered one of the three factors of production ( along with capital , and labor ) . Income derived from ownership or control of natural resources is referred to as rent ." ]

[ "During it , economic assets ( or capital ) were represented by bullion ( gold , silver , and trade value ) , which was best increased through a positive and healthy balance of trade with other states ( exports minus imports ) ." ]

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Wallins Creek is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

[ "Wallins Creek is a city in Harlan County , Kentucky , United States ." ]

[ "Rolling Fields is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States ." ]

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He was the son of Henry James Senior , a clergyman , and the brother of William and Alice James .

[ "He was the son of Henry James , Sr. , a clergyman , and the brother of philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James ." ]

[ "Her father , Benjamin Mayson , died when she was young and her mother , Elizabeth Jerram , later married Henry Dorling , who was a widower and had four children of his own ." ]

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The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family .

[ "The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family that is endemic to the islands of Oahu and Maui in Hawaii ." ]

[ "Schizanthus , â '' common names butterfly flower , fringeflower , poor-man 's - orchidâ '' is a genus of plants in the Solanaceae ( nightshade ) family ." ]

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It is in danger due to the loss of its natural area of habitat .

[ "It is threatened by habitat loss ." ]

[ "It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural , or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period ." ]

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Goualade is a commune .

[ "Goualade is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ." ]

[ "Staicele is a town in Latvia ." ]

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Takashi Kitano ( born 4 October 1982 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Omiya Ardija .

[ "Takashi Kitano ( Japanese : å -- é è ä , born October 4 , 1982 , Sapporo , Hokkaido ) is a Japanese professional football goalkeeper who currently plays for Japan 's J. League Division 1 club Omiya Ardija ." ]

[ "Hyun Young-Min ( born 25 December 1979 ) is a South Korean football player who currently plays for FC Seoul ." ]

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Ismael Urzaiz ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a former Spanish football player .

[ "Ismael Urzaiz Aranda ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a center forward ." ]

[ "Martin Vilallonga ( born 7 October 1970 ) is a former Argentine footballer ." ]

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Playground slides are slides for children to play on in playgrounds .

[ "Playground slides are found in parks , schools , playgrounds and backyards ." ]

[ "Blankets may also be used on the ground for a picnic or other places where people want to sit in a grassy or muddy area without soiling their clothing ." ]

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The child climbs up a ladder or some stairs , then sits down at the top and slides all the way down . Some children like to slide down on their backs or on their stomachs .

[ "The user , typically a child , climbs to the top of the slide via a ladder or stairs and sits down on the top of the slide and `` slides '' down the slide ." ]

[ "They go outside in traditional Korean clothing , hold each other 's hands , make a circle , and start rotating clockwise ." ]

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In a phrase , the main word , or the word that is what the phrase is about , is called the head .

[ "This word is the head of the phrase and gives its name to the phrase category ." ]

[ "Another different form of counting to this is `` counting the '' ; for example , `` counting the '' number of pieces of fruit in a fruit bowl . In this form , the `` the '' refers to some things that are already `` given '' in some sense ." ]

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The law of conservation of energy has therefore been extended to become the Law of conservation of matter and energy .

[ "Energy is subject to the law of conservation of energy ." ]

[ "Work and heat are processes which add or subtract energy , while the internal energy is a particular form of energy associated with the system . Thus the term `` heat energy '' for means `` that amount of energy added as the result of heating '' rather than referring to a particular form of energy ." ]

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Energy can not be made or destroyed .

[ "In this closed system , energy can not be created or destroyed ; therefore , the initial energy and the final energy will be equal to each other ." ]

[ "Even though a magnet is said to have a north pole and a south pole , these two poles can not be separated from each other ." ]

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When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same .

[ "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly ." ]

[ "In other words , a heat engine absorbs heat energy from the high temperature heat source , converting part of it to useful work and delivering the rest to the cold temperature heat sink ." ]

SimpleWiki

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When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same . Energy can not be made or destroyed .

[ "One form of energy can often be readily transformed into another with the help of a device - for instance , a battery , from chemical energy to electric energy ; a dam : gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy of moving water ( and the blades of a turbine ) and ultimately to electric energy through an electric generator ." ]

[ "In other words , a heat engine absorbs heat energy from the high temperature heat source , converting part of it to useful work and delivering the rest to the cold temperature heat sink ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Energy is something that can do work .

[ "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly . This is referred to as conservation of energy ." ]

[ "Working on one invention can lead to others too ." ]

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Energy can not be made or destroyed . This rule is called the `` conservation law of energy '' .

[ "According to energy conservation law the total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system , plus the change in the energy contained within the system ." ]

[ "Lenz 's law is a common way of understanding how electromagnetic circuits must always obey Newton 's third law and The Law of Conservation of Energy ." ]

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The structural components of plants are formed primarily from cellulose .

[ "The structural component of plants are formed primarily from cellulose ." ]

[ "They do not contain lipids since they are not surrounded by a membrane ." ]

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Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin .

[ "Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen , and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin ." ]

[ "It is one of the three important dietary monosaccharides along with glucose and galactose ." ]

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They tend to be amorphous , insoluble in water , and have no sweet taste .

[ "They may be amorphous or even insoluble in water ." ]

[ "The most important idea in the dissertation was his explanation of the fact that neither pure salts nor pure water is a conductor , but solutions of salts in water are ." ]

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They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases .

[ "They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases , which can break the alpha-linkages ( glycosidic bonds ) ." ]

[ "Humans and many other animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages , so they do not digest cellulose ." ]

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Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units .

[ "Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units bonded together by beta-linkages ." ]

[ "Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides are joined together and a molecule of water is removed ." ]

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Humans and many other animals do not digest cellulose .

[ "Humans and many other animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages , so they do not digest cellulose ." ]

[ "These include about 630 species that attract and trap prey , produce digestive enzymes , and absorb the resulting available nutrients ." ]

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By 1453 , Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici . In that year she gave birth to Donato who was named after the sculptor Donatello .

[ "Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici by 1453 , because in that year Donato ( named after Donatello ) was born , and in 1456 his wife gave birth to Antonia ." ]

[ "In January 1478 he received his first independent commission , to paint an altarpiece in 1478 for the Chapel of St Bernard in the Palazzo Vecchio and The Adoration of the Magi in March 1481 for the Monks of San Donato a Scopeto ." ]

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The Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program and made by the Soviet rocket scientists Sergey Korolyov and Kerim Kerimov .

[ "Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program , and was designed by Soviet engineers guided by Sergey Korolyov under military supervision of Kerim Kerimov and others ." ]

[ "Kazan University is known as `` the birthplace of organic chemistry '' due to works of Aleksandr Butlerov , Vladimir Markovnikov , Aleksandr Arbuzov , and the birthplace of Electron Spin Resonance due to work of Evgeny Zavoisky ." ]

SimpleWiki

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It took into space Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union .

[ "The flight took Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union , into space ." ]

[ "To the new era was established to commemorate this event ." ]

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It used a Vostok 3KA spacecraft , and was launched on April 12 , 1961 .

[ "The Vostok 3KA spacecraft was launched on April 12 , 1961 ." ]

[ "Based on the Fiat Tipo 3 , it was a four-door seven-seat sedan powered by a front-mounted 26 k 2.8 litre straight-4 engine driving the rear wheels , and was capable of speeds up to 20 m. 22 were built at the company 's Kobe shipyard , including prototypes , between 1917 and 1921 ." ]

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Angela 's clothes are made by Adidas .

[ "Angela 's clothing is provided by Adidas ." ]

[ "Beautiful , also , is the sun ." ]

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Her racquets are made by Babolat .

[ "Her racquets are provided by Babolat ." ]

[ "He also owns a cello made of carbon fiber by the Luis and Clark company of Boston ." ]

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Angela is currently ranked World No. 157 , race-singles World No. 120 and World No. 171 in doubles as of November 7 , 2009 .

[ "Angela is currently ranked World No. 158 , race-singles World No. 260 and World No. 198 in doubles as of March 8 , 2010 ." ]

[ "He has spent over 40 weeks in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Rankings from 2004 to 2009 ." ]

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Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , who used to be a San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September , 2005 .

[ "Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , a former San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September 2005 ." ]

[ "Cullen , a smoker for most of his life , died on July 7 , 1990 , of lung cancer in Los Angeles ." ]

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Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she got in August , 2005 .

[ "Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she attained in August , 2005 ." ]

[ "Nicol has also obtained the WISPA Player of the Year on six consecutive occasions , from 2005 until 2010 ." ]

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Interstate H-3 is a highway in the American state of Hawaii . It begins at the Halawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 .

[ "Interstate H-3 begins at the HÄ lawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 ." ]

[ "Interstate 43 ( I-43 ) is a 191.55 m intrastate Interstate Highway located entirely within the U.S. state of Wisconsin , connecting Interstate 39 and Interstate 90 in Beloit with Milwaukee and U.S. Route 41 and U.S. Route 141 in Green Bay . I-43 is the 5th longest intrastate Interstate Highway of the Interstate Highway system ." ]

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The highway then runs along a viaduct through Halawa Valley for about 6 miles . It then goes through the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Koolau Mountains .

[ "The freeway then runs along a viaduct through HÄ lawa Valley for about 6 m until it reaches the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Ko ` olau Mountains ." ]

[ "Several small lakes surround NY 308 as it intersects CR 52 in the hamlet of Eighmyville and subsequently turns to the northeast , traveling within a large open field ." ]

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Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the highway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with state route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe .

[ "Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the freeway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with State Route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe ." ]

[ "Interstate H-3 begins at the HÄ lawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 ." ]

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Italy won the trophy after beating Germany in the final .

[ "The tournament was won by Italy , after beating West Germany 3 â `` 1 in the final ." ]

[ "The team played another qualifying match in the same tournament at the stadium in 1997 , beating Greece 4 â `` 2 ." ]

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The 1982 FIFA World Cup was a football ( soccer ) sporting event that was held in Spain in 1982 .

[ "The 1982 FIFA World Cup , the 12th FIFA World Cup , was held in Spain from 13 June to 11 July ." ]

[ "The UEFA Women 's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA , the European governing body , who have qualified for the competition ." ]

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The upper 16 km ( 10 miles ) of the Earth 's crust is composed of about 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks .

[ "The upper 16 k of Earth 's crust is composed of approximately 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks ." ]

[ "Because obsidian is metastable at the Earth 's surface ( over time the glass becomes fine-grained mineral crystals ) , no obsidian has been found that is older than Cretaceous age ." ]

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Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock .

[ "Igneous rock ( derived from the Latin word igneus meaning of fire , from ignis meaning fire ) is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock ." ]

[ "As a result , oceanic lithosphere is much younger than continental lithosphere : the oldest oceanic lithosphere is about 170 million years old , while parts of the continental lithosphere are billions of years old ." ]

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Igneous rocks are rocks formed from molten magma .

[ "Extrusive igneous rocks are formed at the crust 's surface as a result of the partial melting of rocks within the mantle and crust . Extrusive Igneous rocks cool and solidify quicker than intrusive igneous rocks ." ]

[ "Mafic lava , before cooling , has a low viscosity , in comparison to felsic lava , due to the lower silica content in mafic magma ." ]

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Brett Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football player . He plays for Blackburn Rovers and Australia national team .

[ "Brett Michael Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football ( soccer ) player who plays as a midfielder for Blackburn Rovers and for the Australian national football team ." ]

[ "Jason Culina ( , from Croatian Ä ulina ; born 5 August 1980 in Melbourne , Victoria ) is an Australian football ( soccer ) player who currently plays for Newcastle Jets and the Australia national football team ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Berzy-le-Sec is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

[ "Berzy-le-Sec is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]

[ "BÃ thancourt-en-Vaux is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in Persia and Ancient Egypt in artwork , wooden models , and even parts of actual boats of that times .

[ "In Iran , oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in artwork , wooden models , and even remnants of actual boats ." ]

[ "Around 500 BC , they ceased to be used for the decoration of monumental buildings , but were still shown on antefixes of smaller structures throughout the next century ." ]

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Midhurst is a town in West Sussex , England . In 2001 there were 4,889 people living in Midhurst .

[ "Midhurst ( ; Sussex dialect : Medhas ) is a market town and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex , England , with a population of 4,889 in 2001 ." ]

[ "Located 38 miles ( 62 km ) south of London , 10 miles ( 16 km ) north of Brighton and Hove , and 29 miles ( 47 km ) east-northeast of the county town of Chichester , it occupies an area of 2,339.57 acres ( 946.79 hectares ) and had a population of 28,803 at the time of the 2001 Census , making it the most populous parish in the district ." ]

SimpleWiki

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LaignÃ is a commune of 674 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

[ "LaignÃ is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]

[ "Corpe is a commune of the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France ." ]

SimpleWiki

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The song can also be found as a hidden track on international editions of the singer 's second solo studio album , B ` Day ( 2006 ) .

[ "It also appeared as a hidden track on international editions , and on the deluxe edition of Knowles ' second solo studio album , B ` Day ." ]

[ "Frederiksen played with the band on its second studio album Let 's Go ( 1994 ) ." ]

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It was released as the first single from the film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States and on was released in the United Kingdom on February 19 , 2007 .

[ "The track was released as the lead single from film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States through Columbia Records ." ]

[ "Montag 's debut album , Superficial , was digitally released on January 11 , 2010 ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Listen is a song performed by American R&B singer-songwriter BeyoncÃ Knowles in the 2006 film Dreamgirls .

[ "`` Listen '' is a 2006 R&B , soul song recorded by American singer BeyoncÃ ." ]

[ "`` Upgrade U '' is a song recorded by American R&B singer BeyoncÃ Knowles for her second studio album , B ` Day ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Radymno is a town and commune in Subcarpathian Voivodeship , in JarosÅ aw district , Poland . Between 1975 â `` 1998 town was in Przemyskie Voivodeship .

[ "Radymno was previously in the PrzemyÅ l Voivodeship from 1975 -- 1998 ." ]

[ "Situated on the Ina River it is the capital of Stargard County and since 1999 has been in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship ; prior to that it was in the Szczecin Voivodeship ( 1975 â `` 1998 ) ." ]

SimpleWiki

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BiÃ vres is a commune .

[ "BiÃ vres is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]

[ "FÃ cents ntÃ cents na Mare is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ." ]

SimpleWiki

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The voyage then went to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after damage on the Great Barrier Reef .

[ "The voyage then progressed to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the overt purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent almost seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after foundering on the Great Barrier Reef ." ]

[ "The Friendship left Port Jackson on 14 July 1788 in company with Alexander . The crews of both ships were so badly affected by scurvy off the coast of Borneo that enough healthy sailors remained for only one working ship , and the Friendship was deliberately sunk ( scuttled ) on the 28th of October 1788 ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Banks took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage from 1768 to 1771 .

[ "He took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage ( 1768 -- 1771 ) ." ]

[ "Philip Carteret , Seigneur of Trinity ( January 22 , 1733 , Trinity Manor , Jersey â `` July 21 , 1796 , Southampton ) was a British naval officer and explorer who participated in two of the Royal Navy 's circumnavigation expeditions in 1764-66 and 1766-69 ." ]

SimpleWiki

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About 80 species of plants are named after Banks .

[ "Approximately 80 species of plants bear Banks 's name ." ]

[ "Although they were first discovered in 1883 , a common name does not yet exist for the taxon ; the scientific name literally means `` flat animals '' ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Banks discovered and collected Eucalyptus , Acacia , Mimosa , and Banksia .

[ "Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus , acacia , mimosa , and the genus named after him , Banksia ." ]

[ "Two rare plants growing in the area are the Araluen Gum and the Araluen Zieria ." ]

SimpleWiki

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While they were in Australia Banks , Solander and SpÃ ring made the first collection of Australian plants , describing many that were new to science .

[ "While they were in Australia Banks , the Swedish botanist Daniel Solander and the Finnish botanist Dr. Herman SpÃ ring Jr. made the first major collection of Australian flora , describing many species new to science ." ]

[ "When Bates arrived home in 1859 after a full eleven years , he had sent back over 14,000 species ( mostly of insects ) of which 8,000 were new to science ." ]

SimpleWiki

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Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 13 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences .

[ "Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 2 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences ." ]

[ "Captain James Cook FRS RN ( 7 November 1728 â `` 14 February 1779 ) was a British explorer , navigator and cartographer , ultimately rising to the rank of Captain in the Royal Navy ." ]

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In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador to study their natural history .

[ "In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year , at 23 , he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador with a view of studying their natural history ." ]

[ "Cook and his crew remained for almost 7 weeks and made contact with the local Guugu Yimithirr Aborigines , while the naturalists Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander made extensive collections of native flora , while Sydney Parkinson illustrated much of the flora and fauna of the region ." ]

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They are also called ginger ants and tropical fire ants .

[ "They have several common names including ginger ants and tropical fire ants ." ]

[ "Insects are also included , especially large crickets , cicadas , etc." ]

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Fire ants are stinging ants .

[ "Fire ants are a variety of stinging ants with over 280 species worldwide ." ]

[ "Another example is the Australian hornet ( Abispa ephippium ) , which is actually a species of potter wasp ." ]

SimpleWiki

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GÃ raudot is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .

[ "GÃ raudot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ." ]

[ "Ervy-le-Ch Ã cents tel is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ." ]

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MickaÃ `` l Landreau ( born 14 May 1979 ) is a French football player . He plays for Lille .

[ "MickaÃ `` l Vincent AndrÃ - Marie Landreau ( born May 14 , 1979 in Machecoul ) is a French professional football goalkeeper , who currently plays for French Ligue 1 side Lille OSC ." ]

[ "GaÃ `` l Givet-Viaros ( born 9 October 1981 in Arles , France ) is a French football player who plays for Blackburn Rovers in the English Premier League ." ]

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Some call them China 's `` lost generation . ''

[ "Some commentators consider these people , many of whom lost the opportunity to attend university , China 's `` lost generation . ''" ]

[ "The region soon became known as the nation 's `` breadbasket '' ." ]

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Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia .

[ "Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Laureate Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong , and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia ." ]

[ "Liu was formerly a civil servant in the Beijing tax bureau , and met her husband Liu Xiaobo while part of the Beijing literary scene in the 1980s ." ]

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During the Cultural Revolution , anti-bourgeois thinking was very common . Mao Zedong said that richer youth from the cities would be sent to mountains or farming villages so they could learn from the workers and farmers there .

[ "As a result of the anti-bourgeois thinking prevalent during the Cultural Revolution , Mao Zedong declared certain privileged urban youth would be sent to mountainous areas or farming villages , in order that they could learn from the workers and farmers there ." ]

[ "Nevertheless , the Chinese government has never officially repudiated the tactics of Mao . Deng Xiaoping , who was opposed to the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution , has to a certain extent rejected Mao 's legacy , famously saying that Mao was `` 70 % right and 30 % wrong '' ." ]

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The Down to the Countryside Movement was a government plan in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s .

[ "The Down to the Countryside Movement was a policy instituted in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s ." ]

[ "Progress in developing the TAR was hindered by political and economic obstacles throughout the 1960s , 1970s and early 1980s ." ]

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Many fresh high school graduates were forced out of the cities . They had to stay in far away areas of China .

[ "As a result , many fresh high school graduates , who became known as the Rusticated Youth of China , were forced out of the cities and effectively exiled to remote areas of China ." ]

[ "In the past , several fishermen also lived on the islets temporarily ." ]

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Abel Braga ( born 1 September , 1952 ) is a former Brazilian football player .

[ "Abel Carlos da Silva Braga , also known as Abel Braga or just Abel during his playing days ( born September 1 , 1952 ) , is a football ( soccer ) manager and a former football player ." ]

[ "Sandro Chaves de Assis Rosa , ( born May 19 , 1973 in Brazil ) is a Brazilian football player ." ]

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In this example , the function named gradient forms a closure together with the variables f and dx . This closure is then returned by the outer function named derivative .

[ "At runtime , when the outer function executes , a closure is formed , consisting of the inner functionâ s code and references to any variables of the outer function required by the closure ; such variables are called the upvalues of the closure ." ]

[ "The numbered parameters , , , , ... , are the first 7 positional parameters passed from using : ." ]

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In this example , the lambda expression appears within the function .

[ "These are limited ( or `` crippled '' ) by the fact that the result of the lambda expression must be one expression rather than a statement . Thus , it is not possible to put a `` for '' , `` while '' , or `` if '' block in a lambda expression ." ]

[ "; listn \\* : ( i.e. list1 , list2 , etc. ) The body of the template , usually a list of links ." ]

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These are however different concepts .

[ "These are , however , distinct concepts ." ]

[ "Its empirical standards applied in one of the first and certainly strongest homes for serious textual criticism ." ]

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A function may create a closure and return it . The following example is a function that returns a function .

[ "In some languages , a closure may occur when a function is defined within another function , and the inner function refers to local variables of the outer function ." ]

[ "These are limited ( or `` crippled '' ) by the fact that the result of the lambda expression must be one expression rather than a statement . Thus , it is not possible to put a `` for '' , `` while '' , or `` if '' block in a lambda expression ." ]

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Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries with economies that are like the BRICs . But O'Neill did n't include these countries because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD .

[ "According to a paper published in 2005 , Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries comparable to the BRICs , but their economies were excluded initially because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD ." ]

[ "Members of middle class , who are predominantly white but whose ranks include growing numbers of black , colored and Indian people , have lifestyles similar in many respects to that of people found in Western Europe , North America and Australasia ." ]

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When people write about these countries , they usually write BRICs or the BRIC countries '' ' .

[ "It is typically rendered as `` the BRICs '' or `` the BRIC countries '' or alternatively as the `` Big Four '' ." ]

[ "Most developed countries ' voting power was reduced , while countries including Nigeria ." ]

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The acronym was invented by Jim O'Neill , an economist who worked for Goldman Sachs . In 2001 , he wrote an article that he called `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' .

[ "The acronym was coined by Jim O'Neill in a 2001 paper entitled `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' ." ]

[ "In 1998 he was appointed president of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development , and settled in London , where the headquarters of the bank is located ." ]

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BRIC is used to talk about the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China . Many economists think that all these countries are at a similar stage of economic development .

[ "In economics , BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China , which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development ." ]

[ "Members of middle class , who are predominantly white but whose ranks include growing numbers of black , colored and Indian people , have lifestyles similar in many respects to that of people found in Western Europe , North America and Australasia ." ]

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Harold Robbins ( born Harold Rubin ) ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was an American author .

[ "Harold Robbins ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was one of the best-selling American authors of all time ." ]

[ "Joseph Gilbert Fates ( September 29 , 1914 Newark , New Jersey - May 1 , 2000 New York City , New York , ) was an American television producer ." ]

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MÃ thamis is a commune of 397 people ( 1999 ) . It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .

[ "MÃ thamis is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France ." ]

[ "Allauch ( Alaug in Occitan ; ) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rh Ã ne in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region of France ." ]

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Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

[ "Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]

[ "Rocles is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]

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Regina is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan .

[ "Regina ( `` rej-eye-na '' ) is the capital of Saskatchewan , Canada ." ]

[ "Outlook is a town in west central Saskatchewan , Canada about 80 km south-southwest of Saskatoon ." ]

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