hypothesis
stringclasses
80 values
target
stringclasses
40 values
stance
int64
-1
1
premise
stringlengths
19
223
validated_stance
int64
-1
1
validation_source
stringclasses
1 value
entailment
int64
0
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Burning the flag is a form of symbolic speech subject to protection under the First Amendment
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Symbolic speech is recognized as being protected under the First Amendment as a form of speech
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
there is a constitutional right to make one's speech as effective as possible
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Flag burning is a form of free speech
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
freedom of expression by non-speech means is commonly thought to be protected under the First Amendment
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
burning the flag is a very offensive gesture that deserves to be formally outlawed
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Americans oppose amending the constitution to outlaw flag burning
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Americans oppose a flag desecration amendment
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Flag burning is constitutionally-protected free speech
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
Flag burning is protected speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
the First Amendment protects such activity as symbolic speech
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
-1
The First Amendment's protection does not end at the spoken or written word
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
States have a compelling interest in preserving a venerated national symbol
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
Desecration of the flag impugns its value as such a unique national symbol
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
the "uniqueness" of the flag "justifies a governmental prohibition against flag burning
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
laws against flag-burning are constitutional
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
flag-burning is not constitutionally protected
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
The flag's status as a special emblem of nationality entitles it to additional protections
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
burning the flag
1
the nature of the flag entitles it to more protection under the law, rather than less
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
Choosing to be childfree is both difficult and undesirable
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
It is immoral to create children
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
one can make a greater contribution to humanity through one's work than through having children
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
it is inherently immoral to bring people into the world
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
one may generally wish to spare a potential child from the suffering of life
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
Being childless is considered bizarre
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
raising children is a very important activity
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
Having children is such a positive contribution to the world
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
by avoiding reproduction for ethical reasons the childfree will only aid deterioration of concern for the environment and future generations
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
there ought to be a higher rate of population growth than what is currently mainstream
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
That trouble and pain which the parents undergo on the birth of their children cannot be compensated even in a hundred years
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
the birth of a new person always entails nontrivial harm to that person
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
there is a moral imperative not to procreate
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
a decrease in the human population would prevent a significant amount of man-made human suffering
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
Human extinction is the best solution to the problems facing the Earth's biosphere and humanity
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
the extinction of humanity would be the best solution to the Earth's environmental problems
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
the best thing for Earth's biosphere is for humans to voluntarily cease reproducing
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
Voluntary human extinction will prevent human suffering and the extinction of other species
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
non-reproduction would eventually allow humans to lead idyllic lifestyles
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
procreation today is de facto child abuse
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
the standard of human life will worsen if resources are consumed by a growing population
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
attempting to reduce the Earth's population is the only moral option
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
having children is frequently viewed as a measure of success
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
voluntary human extinction is advisable due to limited resources
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
The effects of a declining population can be adverse for an economy
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
economic growth requires population growth
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
economic growth is impossible during a population decline
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
avoidance from conceiving a child when there are prerequisites for raising it is comparable to causing the death of one
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
the decision not to procreate at all could be regarded as immoral
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
-1
when good people stop having kids, society fails
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports never having children
having children
1
the best thing for a man is not to be born
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
A large dam can cause the loss of entire ecospheres
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
dam construction requires the state to displace individual people
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dam construction often leads to abuses of the masses by planners
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
people worldwide have been physically displaced from their homes as a result of dam construction
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydroelectric generation can be vulnerable to major changes in the climate
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dam failures are generally catastrophic
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
adverse environmental and sociological impacts have been identified during and after many reservoir constructions
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The reservoir waters spill out into the surrounding environments, flooding the natural habitats that existed before the dam’s construction
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Reservoirs can also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The construction of a dam blocks the flow of sediment downstream, leading to downstream erosion
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
reservoirs can become breeding grounds for disease vectors
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dams and the creation of reservoirs also require relocation of potentially large human populations
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Reservoirs may contribute to changes in the Earth's climate
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Traditional hydro dams store enormous quantities of water in reservoirs, necessitating the flooding of large tracts of land
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The construction of large dams entails many tangible and intangible costs
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Resettlement adds to the social costs of the dams
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Environmental costs are imposed on communities living downstream of the dams
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
reliance on hydropower makes electricity generation vulnerable to droughts
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
dams are not likely to generate a large financial rate of return
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
People would have to be resettled to make room for dams and reservoirs
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydropower generation is vulnerable to droughts
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Reservoir failures can generate huge increases in flow down a river valley with the potential to wash away towns and villages and cause considerable loss of life
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydroelectric reservoirs release a large pulse of carbon dioxide
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir could be higher than those of a conventional oil-fired thermal generation plant
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dams can also flood various ecosystems on land and may cause extinctions
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dams can severely reduce the amount of water reaching countries downstream of them, causing water stress between the countries
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Farms and villages can be flooded by the creation of reservoirs, ruining many livelihoods
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dam failures can cause immense damage and loss of life
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Damming can harm local ecosystems
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
building large dams and reservoirs often involves displacing people and wildlife
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Large reservoirs required for the operation of hydroelectric power stations result in submersion of extensive areas upstream of the dams, destroying biologically rich and productive lowland
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
reservoirs cause habitat fragmentation of surrounding areas
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive to surrounding aquatic ecosystems
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir may be higher than those of a conventional oil-fired thermal generation plant
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Another disadvantage of hydroelectric dams is the need to relocate the people living where the reservoirs are planned
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
people worldwide had been physically displaced as a direct result of dam construction
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dam failures have been some of the largest man-made disasters in history
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Dams are tempting industrial targets for wartime attack
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Disadvantages of hydroelectricity systems include: dislocation of people living where the reservoirs are planned
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydro-energy and large dams may not be considered "clean" nor "renewable" sources of electricity
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
there are several significant social and environmental disadvantages of large-scale hydroelectric power systems
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The natural flow of silt down the river will be interrupted, affecting downstream ecosystems
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The filling of large reservoirs can induce earth tremors, which may be large enough to be objectionable or destructive
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
A large dam can endanger ecosystems by restricting the motion of marine animals
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Hydropower can be intermittent
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Many plants do not have enough water to operate anywhere near their full capacity on a continuous basis
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
The construction of new hydroelectric power plants means environmental impacts as large areas need to be flooded, altering the ecosystem
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
New dams mean very elevated social and environmental costs
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
hydroelectric dams
-1
Large hydroelectric power plants flooding immense forest areas emit large amounts of methane to the atmosphere
-1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
0
The author of this text supports the use of truth and reconciliation commissions
the use of truth and reconciliation commissions
1
Truth and reconciliation commissions can provide proof against historical revisionism of state terrorism and other crimes and human rights abuses
1
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
1