token
sequence
label
sequence
[ "body", "condition", "reduced", "damage", "aggression", "grow", "important", "keep", "stocking", "densities", "appropriate", "levels", "specific", "species", "well", "separating", "size", "classes", "grading", "reduce", "aggressive", "behavioural", "interactions", "keeping", "nets", "cages", "clean", "assist", "positive", "water", "flow", "reduce", "risk", "water", "degradation", "surprisingly", "disease", "parasitism", "major", "effect", "fish", "welfare", "important", "farmers", "manage", "infected", "stock", "also", "apply", "disease", "prevention", "measures", "however", "prevention", "methods", "vaccination", "also", "induce", "stress", "extra", "handling" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "injection", "ref", "name", "ashley", "methods", "include", "adding", "antibiotics", "feed", "adding", "chemicals", "water", "treatment", "baths", "biological", "control", "using", "cleaner", "wrasse", "remove", "lice", "farmed", "salmon", "ref", "name", "ashley", "many", "steps", "involved", "transport", "including", "capture", "food", "deprivation", "reduce", "faecal", "contamination", "transport", "water", "transfer", "transport", "vehicle", "via", "nets", "pumps", "plus", "transport", "transfer", "delivery", "location", "transport", "water", "needs", "maintained", "high", "quality", "regulated", "temperature", "sufficient", "oxygen", "minimal", "waste", "products", "ref", "name", "conte", "ref", "name", "ashley", "cases", "anaesthetics", "may", "used", "small" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "abandoned", "within", "decade", "toxin", "build", "nutrient", "loss", "pollution", "sea", "cage", "aquaculture", "salmon", "aquaculture", "norway", "salmon", "farms", "typically", "sited", "pristine", "coastal", "ecosystems", "pollute", "farm", "salmon", "discharges", "fecal", "waste", "city", "people", "waste", "discharged", "directly", "surrounding", "aquatic", "environment", "untreated", "often", "containing", "antibiotics", "pesticides", "ref", "name", "alliance", "also", "accumulation", "heavy", "metals", "benthos", "seafloor", "near", "salmon", "farms", "particularly", "copper", "zinc", "ref", "name", "fao", "coho", "fao", "cultured", "aquatic", "species", "information", "programme", "http", "wwwfaoorg", "fishery", "culturedspecies", "oncorhynchus", "kisutch", "en", "''oncorhynchus", "kisutch''" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "water", "depth", "important", "considerations", "locating", "sea", "cages", "order", "minimize", "impacts", "nutrient", "enrichment", "coastal", "ecosystems", "extent", "effects", "pollution", "sea", "cage", "aquaculture", "varies", "depending", "cages", "located", "species", "kept", "densely", "cages", "stocked", "fish", "fed", "important", "species", "specific", "variables", "include", "species'", "food", "conversion", "ratio", "fcr", "nitrogen", "retention", "freshwater", "ecosystems", "whole", "lake", "experiments", "carried", "experimental", "lakes", "area", "ontario", "canada", "displayed", "potential", "cage", "aquaculture", "source", "numerous", "changes", "freshwater", "ecosystems", "following", "initiation" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "experimental", "rainbow", "trout", "cage", "farm", "small", "boreal", "lake", "dramatic", "reductions", "mysis", "concentrations", "associated", "decrease", "dissolved", "oxygen", "observed", "significant", "increases", "ammonium", "total", "phosphorus", "driver", "eutrophication", "freshwater", "systems", "measured", "hypolimnion", "lake", "annual", "phosphorus", "inputs", "aquaculture", "waste", "exceeded", "natural", "inputs", "atmospheric", "deposition", "inflows", "phytoplankton", "biomass", "fourfold", "annual", "increase", "following", "initiation", "experimental", "farm", "genetic", "modification", "type", "salmon", "called", "aquadvantage", "salmon", "genetically", "modified", "faster", "growth", "although" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "approved", "commercial", "use", "due", "controversy", "altered", "salmon", "incorporates", "growth", "hormone", "chinook", "salmon", "allows", "reach", "full", "size", "months", "instead", "normal", "months", "atlantic", "salmon", "consuming", "percent", "less", "feed", "us", "food", "drug", "administration", "reviewed", "aquadvantage", "salmon", "draft", "environmental", "assessment", "determined", "would", "significant", "impact", "fonsi", "us", "environment", "fish", "diseases", "parasites", "vaccines", "major", "difficulty", "aquaculture", "tendency", "towards", "monoculture", "associated", "risk", "widespread", "disease", "aquaculture" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "also", "associated", "environmental", "risks", "instance", "shrimp", "farming", "caused", "destruction", "important", "mangrove", "forests", "throughout", "southeast", "asia", "disease", "wiped", "china", "'s", "farmed", "farrer", "'s", "scallop", "white", "shrimp", "required", "replacement", "species", "needs", "aquaculture", "sector", "vaccines", "aquaculture", "average", "annual", "growth", "rate", "however", "success", "continued", "expansion", "fish", "farming", "sector", "highly", "dependent", "control", "fish", "pathogens", "including", "wide", "range", "viruses", "bacteria", "fungi", "parasites", "estimated", "parasites", "cost", "global", "salmon", "farming", "industry" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "vaccines", "resulted", "immediate", "permanent", "reduction", "use", "antibiotics", "beginning", "fish", "immersion", "vaccines", "efficient", "vibriosis", "proved", "ineffective", "furunculosis", "hence", "arrival", "injectable", "vaccines", "first", "water", "based", "oil", "based", "much", "efficient", "sommerset", "development", "new", "vaccines", "important", "mortality", "cages", "among", "farmed", "fish", "debates", "around", "dna", "injection", "vaccines", "although", "effective", "safety", "side", "effects", "also", "societal", "expectations", "cleaner", "fish", "security", "lead", "research", "new", "vaccine", "vectors", "several", "initiatives", "financed", "european" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "union", "develop", "rapid", "cost", "effective", "approach", "using", "bacteria", "feed", "make", "vaccines", "particular", "thanks", "lactic", "bacteria", "whose", "dna", "modified", "boudinot", "fact", "vaccinating", "farmed", "fish", "injection", "time", "consuming", "costly", "vaccines", "administered", "orally", "immersion", "added", "feed", "directly", "water", "allows", "vaccinating", "many", "individuals", "time", "limiting", "associated", "handling", "stress", "indeed", "many", "tests", "necessary", "antigens", "vaccines", "must", "adapted", "species", "present", "certain", "level", "variability" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "effect", "example", "tests", "done", "species", "lepeophtheirus", "salmonis", "antigens", "collected", "caligus", "rogercresseyi", "vaccinated", "antigens", "although", "homology", "two", "species", "important", "level", "variability", "made", "protection", "ineffective", "fisheries", "oceans", "canada", "recent", "vaccines", "development", "aquaculture", "vaccines", "available", "one", "lobsters", "first", "vaccine", "used", "usa", "enteric", "red", "mouth", "however", "companies", "small", "stakeholders", "producing", "vaccines", "aquaculture", "nowadays", "novel", "approaches" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "canada", "licensed", "dna", "vaccine", "infectious", "hematopoietic", "necrosis", "launched", "industry", "use", "fish", "large", "mucosal", "surfaces", "preferred", "route", "immersion", "intraperitoneal", "oral", "respectively", "nanoparticles", "progress", "delivery", "purposes", "common", "antibodies", "produced", "igm", "igt", "normally", "booster", "required", "ifn", "fish", "memory", "cells", "produced", "response", "booster", "rather", "increased", "level", "antibodies", "mrna", "vaccines", "alternative", "dna", "vaccines", "safe", "stable", "easily", "producible", "large", "scale", "mass", "immunization", "potential", "recently", "used", "cancer", "prevention" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "vaccines", "breakthrough", "dna", "vaccines", "sunk", "cost", "vaccines", "adams", "alternative", "vaccines", "would", "antibiotics", "chemotherapy", "expensive", "bigger", "drawbacks", "dna", "vaccines", "become", "cost", "efficient", "method", "preventing", "infectious", "diseases", "bouts", "well", "dna", "vaccines", "becoming", "new", "standard", "fish", "vaccines", "general", "vaccines", "ragnar", "thorarinsson", "salinization", "acidification", "soils", "sediment", "abandoned", "aquaculture", "farms", "remain", "hypersaline", "acidic", "eroded", "material", "remain", "unusable", "aquaculture", "purposes", "long", "periods", "thereafter", "various", "chemical", "treatments", "adding", "lime", "aggravate", "problem" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "modify", "physicochemical", "characteristics", "sediment", "ecological", "benefits", "forms", "aquaculture", "devastating", "ecosystems", "shrimp", "farming", "mangroves", "forms", "beneficial", "shellfish", "aquaculture", "adds", "substantial", "filter", "feeding", "capacity", "environment", "significantly", "improve", "water", "quality", "single", "oyster", "filter", "gallons", "water", "day", "removing", "microscopic", "algal", "cells", "removing", "cells", "shellfish", "removing", "nitrogen", "nutrients", "system", "either", "retaining", "releasing", "waste", "sinks", "bottom", "harvesting", "shellfish", "nitrogen", "retained", "completely" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "crustaceans", "potentially", "increase", "abundance", "maintain", "biodiversity", "increased", "shelter", "raises", "stocks", "prey", "fish", "small", "crustaceans", "increasing", "recruitment", "opportunities", "turn", "providing", "prey", "higher", "trophic", "levels", "one", "study", "estimated", "square", "meters", "oyster", "reef", "could", "enhance", "ecosystem", "'s", "biomass", "nbsp", "kg", "shellfish", "acting", "herbivores", "also", "preyed", "moves", "energy", "directly", "primary", "producers", "higher", "trophic", "levels", "potentially", "skipping", "multiple", "energetically", "costly", "trophic", "jumps", "would", "increase", "biomass", "ecosystem", "seaweed", "farming", "carbon", "negative", "crop", "high", "potential", "climate", "change", "mitigation", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "name", "ref", "ipcc", "special", "report", "ocean", "cryosphere", "changing", "climate", "recommends", "research", "attention", "mitigation", "tactic", "ref", "name", "display", "authors", "chapter", "url", "https", "wwwipccch", "site", "assets", "uploads", "sites", "srocc", "ch", "finalpdf", "first", "l", "last", "williamson", "first", "p", "last", "tagliabue", "first", "last", "suga", "last", "purca", "cuicapusa", "last", "rinkevich", "first", "b", "first", "r", "last", "o'donoghue", "first", "last", "levin", "first", "ref", "regenerative", "ocean", "farming", "polyculture", "farming", "system", "grows", "mix", "seaweeds", "shellfish", "sequestering", "carbon", "decreasing", "nitrogen", "water", "increasing", "oxygen", "helping", "regenerate", "restore", "local", "habitat", "like", "reef", "ecosystems", "prospects", "global", "wild", "fisheries", "decline", "valuable", "habitat", "estuaries", "critical", "condition", "aquaculture", "farming", "piscivorous", "fish", "like", "salmon", "help", "problem", "need", "eat", "products" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "fish", "fish", "meal", "fish", "oil", "studies", "shown", "salmon", "farming", "major", "negative", "impacts", "wild", "salmon", "well", "forage", "fish", "need", "caught", "feed", "ref", "name", "salmon", "run", "knapp", "g", "roheim", "ca", "anderson", "jl", "http", "searchworldwildlifeorg", "cshtmlurl", "http", "wwwworldwildlifeorg", "globalmarkets", "wildlifetrade", "wwfbinaryitem", "pdf", "qt", "great", "salmon", "run", "col", "n", "''the", "great", "salmon", "run", "competition", "wild", "farmed", "salmon''", "world", "wildlife", "fund", "ref", "fish", "higher", "food", "chain", "less", "efficient", "sources", "food", "energy", "apart", "fish", "shrimp", "aquaculture", "undertakings", "seaweed", "filter", "feeding", "bivalve", "mollusks", "like", "oysters", "clams", "mussels", "scallops", "relatively", "benign" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "even", "environmentally", "restorative", "ref", "name", "uscnewsuscedu", "filter", "feeders", "filter", "pollutants", "well", "nutrients", "water", "improving", "water", "quality", "seaweeds", "extract", "nutrients", "inorganic", "nitrogen", "phosphorus", "directly", "water", "ref", "name", "chopin", "et", "al", "filter", "feeding", "mollusks", "extract", "nutrients", "feed", "particulates", "phytoplankton", "detritus", "ref", "name", "rice", "ref", "profitable", "aquaculture", "cooperatives", "promote", "sustainable", "practices", "new", "methods", "lessen", "risk", "biological", "chemical", "pollution", "minimizing", "fish", "stress", "fallowing", "netpens", "applying", "integrated", "pest", "management", "vaccines", "used", "reduce", "antibiotic", "use", "disease", "control", "onshore", "recirculating", "aquaculture" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "systems", "facilities", "using", "polyculture", "techniques", "properly", "sited", "facilities", "example", "offshore", "areas", "strong", "currents", "examples", "ways", "manage", "negative", "environmental", "effects", "recirculating", "aquaculture", "systems", "ras", "recycle", "water", "circulating", "filters", "remove", "fish", "waste", "food", "recirculating", "back", "tanks", "saves", "water", "waste", "gathered", "used", "compost", "cases", "could", "even", "treated", "used", "land", "ras", "developed", "freshwater", "fish", "mind", "scientists", "associated", "agricultural", "research", "service", "found", "way", "rear", "saltwater", "fish", "using", "ras" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "low", "salinity", "waters", "ref", "name", "growing", "premium", "seafood", "inland", "ref", "although", "saltwater", "fish", "raised", "shore", "cages", "caught", "nets", "water", "typically", "salinity", "parts", "per", "thousand", "ppt", "scientists", "able", "produce", "healthy", "pompano", "saltwater", "fish", "tanks", "salinity", "ppt", "commercializing", "low", "salinity", "ras", "predicted", "positive", "environmental", "economical", "effects", "unwanted", "nutrients", "fish", "food", "would", "added", "ocean", "risk", "transmitting", "diseases", "wild", "farm", "raised", "fish", "would", "greatly", "reduced", "price", "expensive", "saltwater", "fish", "pompano" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "combia", "used", "experiments", "would", "reduced", "however", "done", "researchers", "must", "study", "every", "aspect", "fish", "'s", "lifecycle", "including", "amount", "ammonia", "nitrate", "fish", "tolerate", "water", "feed", "fish", "stage", "lifecycle", "stocking", "rate", "produce", "healthiest", "fish", "etc", "ref", "name", "growing", "premium", "seafood", "inland", "countries", "use", "geothermal", "energy", "aquaculture", "including", "china", "israel", "united", "states", "ref", "name", "earth", "policy", "http", "wwwearth", "policyorg", "books", "pb", "pb", "ch", "pdf", "stabilizing", "climate", "lester", "r", "brown", "''plan", "b", "rescuing", "planet", "stress", "civilization" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "trouble''", "ny", "ww", "norton", "co", "p", "ref", "california", "example", "fish", "farms", "produce", "tilapia", "bass", "catfish", "warm", "water", "underground", "warmer", "water", "enables", "fish", "grow", "year", "round", "mature", "quickly", "collectively", "california", "farms", "produce", "million", "kilograms", "fish", "year", "ref", "name", "earth", "policy", "national", "laws", "regulations", "management", "laws", "governing", "aquaculture", "practices", "vary", "greatly", "country", "often", "closely", "regulated", "easily", "traceable", "united", "states", "land", "based", "nearshore", "aquaculture", "regulated", "federal", "state", "levels", "however", "national", "laws", "govern" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "offshore", "aquaculture", "us", "exclusive", "economic", "zone", "waters", "june", "department", "commerce", "national", "oceanic", "atmospheric", "administration", "released", "national", "aquaculture", "policies", "address", "issue", "meet", "growing", "demand", "healthy", "seafood", "create", "jobs", "coastal", "communities", "restore", "vital", "ecosystems", "large", "aquaculture", "facilities", "ie", "producing", "per", "year", "discharge", "wastewater", "required", "obtain", "permits", "pursuant", "clean", "water", "act", "facilities", "produce", "least", "fish", "molluscs", "crustaceans", "year", "subject", "specific", "national", "discharge", "standards", "permitted", "facilities", "subject", "effluent", "limitations" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "developed", "case", "case", "basis", "country", "aquaculture", "country", "history", "diameter", "equally", "tall", "half", "full", "fish", "suspended", "crane", "boom", "four", "workers", "around", "larger", "ring", "shaped", "structure", "water", "gunditjmara", "local", "aboriginal", "australian", "people", "south", "western", "victoria", "australia", "may", "raised", "short", "finned", "eels", "early", "bce", "ref", "name", "bbnhl", "see", "also", "attached", "documents", "national", "heritage", "list", "''location", "boundary", "map''", "''government", "gazette''", "july", "ref", "evidence", "indicates", "developed", "volcanic", "floodplains", "vicinity", "lake", "condah", "complex", "channels" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "dams", "used", "woven", "traps", "capture", "eels", "preserve", "eat", "year", "round", "budj", "bim", "cultural", "landscape", "world", "heritage", "site", "thought", "one", "oldest", "aquaculture", "sites", "world", "ref", "name", "bbwhl", "ref", "oral", "tradition", "china", "tells", "culture", "common", "carp", "''cyprinus", "carpio''", "long", "ago", "bce", "around", "years", "bp", "earliest", "significant", "evidence", "lies", "literature", "earliest", "monograph", "fish", "culture", "called", "''the", "classic", "fish", "culture''", "fan", "li", "written", "around", "bce", "c", "bp", "another", "ancient", "chinese", "guide" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "aquaculture", "yang", "yu", "jing", "written", "around", "bce", "showing", "carp", "farming", "becoming", "sophisticated", "jiahu", "site", "china", "circumstantial", "archeological", "evidence", "possibly", "oldest", "aquaculture", "locations", "dating", "bce", "years", "bp", "speculative", "ref", "name", "jiahu", "ref", "waters", "subsided", "river", "floods", "fish", "mainly", "carp", "trapped", "lakes", "early", "aquaculturists", "fed", "brood", "using", "nymphs", "silkworm", "faeces", "ate", "ref", "name", "sr", "ref", "ancient", "egyptians", "might", "farmed", "fish", "especially", "gilt", "head", "bream", "lake", "bardawil", "bce", "years", "bp", "traded", "canaan", "ref", "name", "sr", "''gim''" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "cultivation", "oldest", "aquaculture", "korea", "ref", "name", "gang", "ref", "early", "cultivation", "methods", "used", "bamboo", "oak", "sticks", "ref", "name", "gang", "replaced", "newer", "methods", "utilized", "nets", "th", "century", "ref", "name", "gang", "ref", "name", "eb", "ref", "floating", "rafts", "used", "mass", "production", "since", "ref", "name", "gang", "japanese", "cultivated", "seaweed", "providing", "bamboo", "poles", "later", "nets", "oyster", "shells", "serve", "anchoring", "surfaces", "spores", "romans", "bred", "fish", "ponds", "farmed", "oysters", "coastal", "lagoons", "ce", "central", "europe", "early", "christian", "monasteries", "adopted", "roman", "aquacultural", "practices", "aquaculture", "spread", "europe", "middle", "ages", "since" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "away", "seacoasts", "big", "rivers", "fish", "salted", "rot", "improvements", "transportation", "th", "century", "made", "fresh", "fish", "easily", "available", "inexpensive", "even", "inland", "areas", "making", "aquaculture", "less", "popular", "th", "century", "fishponds", "trebon", "basin", "czech", "republic", "maintained", "unesco", "world", "heritage", "site", "hawaiians", "constructed", "oceanic", "fish", "ponds", "remarkable", "example", "menehune", "fishpond", "dating", "least", "nbsp", "years", "ago", "alekoko", "legend", "says", "constructed", "mythical", "menehune", "dwarf", "people", "first", "half", "th", "century", "german" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "th", "century", "becoming", "associated", "primarily", "cultivation", "aquatic", "plant", "animal", "species", "stephen", "ainsworth", "west", "bloomfield", "new", "york", "began", "experiments", "brook", "trout", "seth", "green", "established", "commercial", "fish", "hatching", "operation", "caledonia", "springs", "near", "rochester", "new", "york", "involvement", "dr", "w", "w", "fletcher", "concord", "massachusetts", "artificial", "fish", "hatcheries", "underway", "canada", "united", "states", "dildo", "island", "fish", "hatchery", "opened", "newfoundland", "largest", "advanced", "world", "word", "aquaculture", "used", "descriptions" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "hatcheries", "experiments", "cod", "lobster", "american", "fish", "culture", "company", "carolina", "rhode", "island", "founded", "one", "leading", "producers", "trout", "perfected", "method", "manipulating", "day", "night", "cycle", "fish", "could", "artificially", "spawned", "year", "around", "californians", "harvested", "wild", "kelp", "attempted", "manage", "supply", "around", "later", "labeling", "wartime", "resource", "see", "also", "agroecology", "alligator", "farm", "aquaponics", "blue", "revolution", "copper", "alloys", "aquaculture", "maggots", "used", "food", "fish", "fish", "hatchery", "fisheries", "science", "industrial" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "aquaculture", "list", "commercially", "important", "fish", "species", "recirculating", "aquaculture", "system", "resource", "decoupling", "sources", "notes", "references", "http", "podcastsaaasorg", "science", "podcast", "sciencepodcast", "mp", "podcast", "gesamp", "http", "wwwfaoorg", "docrep", "e", "e", "htm", "''assessment", "communication", "environmental", "risks", "coastal", "aquaculture''", "fao", "reports", "studies", "hepburn", "j", "''taking", "aquaculture", "seriously''", "organic", "farming", "winter", "soil", "association", "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "http", "wwwscotlandgovuk", "cru", "kd", "green", "reia", "asp", "scottish", "association", "marine", "science", "napier", "university", "review", "synthesis", "environmental", "impacts", "aquaculture", "higginbotham", "james", "''piscinae", "artificial", "fishponds", "roman", "italy''", "university", "north", "carolina", "press", "june", "wyban", "carol", "araki", "''tide", "current", "fishponds", "hawai'i''", "university", "hawaii", "press", "timmons" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "mb", "ebeling", "jm", "wheaton", "fw", "summerfelt", "st", "vinci", "bj", "recirculating", "aquaculture", "systems", "nd", "edition", "cayuga", "aqua", "ventures", "external", "links", "https", "wwwwhoiedu", "aquaculture", "aquaculture", "topic", "page", "woods", "hole", "oceanographic", "institution", "http", "wwwcrcuriedu", "indexphpthemeid", "coastal", "resources", "center", "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "http", "aquaculturenoaagov", "noaa", "aquaculture", "http", "wwwaquaculturehuborg", "university", "hawaii", "'s", "aquaculturehub", "http", "edtedcom", "h", "ruyhkf", "ted", "ed", "lesson", "aquaculture", "domesticated", "animals", "buildings", "structures", "used", "confine", "animals", "sustainable", "food", "system" ]
[ "Applied science", "Agriculture", "Aquaculture" ]
[ "much", "perceived", "effect", "alternative", "practice", "arises", "belief", "effective", "placebo", "effect", "treated", "condition", "resolving", "natural", "course", "disease", "exacerbated", "tendency", "turn", "alternative", "therapies", "upon", "failure", "medicine", "point", "condition", "worst", "likely", "spontaneously", "improve", "absence", "bias", "especially", "diseases", "expected", "get", "better", "cancer", "hiv", "infection", "multiple", "studies", "shown", "significantly", "worse", "outcomes" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "patients", "turn", "alternative", "therapies", "may", "patients", "avoid", "effective", "treatment", "alternative", "therapies", "actively", "harmful", "eg", "cyanide", "poisoning", "amygdalin", "intentional", "ingestion", "hydrogen", "peroxide", "actively", "interfere", "effective", "treatments", "alternative", "sector", "highly", "profitable", "industry", "strong", "lobby", "faces", "far", "less", "regulation", "use", "marketing", "unproven", "treatments", "marketing", "often", "advertises", "treatments", "natural", "holistic", "comparison", "offered", "medical", "science", "billions", "dollars", "spent", "studying", "alternative", "medicine", "positive", "results" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "successful", "practices", "considered", "alternative", "specific", "definitions", "include", "physical", "activity", "umbrella", "alternative", "medicine", "definitions", "terminology", "terms", "''alternative", "medicine''", "''complementary", "medicine''", "''integrative", "medicine''", "''holistic", "medicine''", "''natural", "medicine''", "''unorthodox", "medicine''", "''fringe", "medicine''", "''unconventional", "medicine''", "''new", "age", "medicine''", "used", "interchangeably", "meaning", "almost", "synonymous", "contexts", "ref", "name", "shapiro", "ref", "ref", "name", "bombardieri", "ref", "name", "shuval", "ref", "name", "freedman", "terminology", "shifted", "time", "reflecting", "preferred", "branding", "practitioners", "ref", "name", "sbm", "brand", "https", "sciencebasedmedicineorg", "integrative", "medicine", "brand", "specialty", "integrative", "medicine", "brand", "specialty", "''science", "based", "medicine''", "ref", "example" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "united", "states", "national", "institutes", "health", "department", "studying", "alternative", "medicine", "currently", "named", "national", "center", "complementary", "integrative", "health", "nccih", "established", "''office", "alternative", "medicine''", "oam", "renamed", "''national", "center", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine''", "nccam", "obtaining", "current", "name", "therapies", "often", "framed", "natural", "holistic", "implicitly", "intentionally", "suggesting", "conventional", "medicine", "artificial", "narrow", "scope", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "marcia", "angell", "cannot", "two", "kinds", "medicine", "nbsp", "conventional", "alternative", "meaning", "term", "alternative", "expression", "alternative", "medicine", "effective", "alternative" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "medical", "science", "although", "alternative", "medicine", "promoters", "may", "use", "loose", "terminology", "give", "appearance", "effectiveness", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "kolata", "ref", "loose", "terminology", "may", "also", "used", "suggest", "meaning", "dichotomy", "exists", "eg", "use", "expressions", "western", "medicine", "eastern", "medicine", "suggest", "difference", "cultural", "difference", "asiatic", "east", "european", "west", "rather", "difference", "evidence", "based", "medicine", "treatments", "work", "ref", "name", "atramm", "alternative", "medicine", "'''alternative", "medicine'''", "defined", "loosely", "set", "products", "practices" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "practice", "unlike", "medicine", "alternative", "product", "practice", "originate", "using", "scientific", "methods", "may", "instead", "based", "hearsay", "religion", "tradition", "superstition", "belief", "supernatural", "energies", "pseudoscience", "errors", "reasoning", "propaganda", "fraud", "unscientific", "sources", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "hines", "sampson", "coulter", "sagan", "ref", "name", "amcer", "definitions", "seek", "specify", "alternative", "medicine", "terms", "social", "political", "marginality", "mainstream", "healthcare", "ref", "name", "saks", "refer", "lack", "support", "alternative", "therapies", "receive", "medical", "scientists", "regarding", "access", "research", "funding", "sympathetic", "coverage", "medical", "press", "inclusion", "standard" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "medical", "curriculum", "ref", "name", "saks", "example", "widely", "used", "definition", "devised", "us", "nccih", "calls", "''", "group", "diverse", "medical", "health", "care", "systems", "practices", "products", "generally", "considered", "part", "conventional", "medicine", "''", "ref", "name", "nccih", "however", "descriptive", "definitions", "inadequate", "present", "day", "conventional", "doctors", "offer", "alternative", "medical", "treatments", "introductory", "courses", "modules", "offered", "part", "standard", "undergraduate", "medical", "training", "ref", "name", "hol", "kopelman", "wieland", "astin", "pelletier", "alternative", "medicine", "taught", "half", "us", "medical", "schools", "us", "health", "insurers", "increasingly", "willing", "provide", "reimbursement", "alternative", "therapies" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "complementary", "integrative", "medicine", "'''complementary", "medicine'''", "'''cm'''", "'''integrative", "medicine'''", "'''im'''", "alternative", "medicine", "used", "together", "functional", "medical", "treatment", "belief", "improves", "effect", "treatments", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "ernst", "ref", "name", "joyce", "ref", "name", "bmj", "may", "example", "acupuncture", "piercing", "body", "needles", "influence", "flow", "supernatural", "energy", "might", "believed", "increase", "effectiveness", "complement", "science", "based", "medicine", "used", "time", "ref", "name", "nci", "pdq", "cam", "ref", "name", "borkan", "ref", "name", "whatiscam", "instead", "significant", "drug", "interactions", "caused", "alternative", "therapies", "may", "make", "treatments", "less", "effective", "notably", "cancer", "therapy", "ref", "name", "autogenerated", "ref", "ref", "name", "arye", "ref", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "name", "li", "et", "al", "besides", "usual", "issues", "alternative", "medicine", "integrative", "medicine", "described", "attempt", "bring", "pseudoscience", "academic", "science", "based", "medicine", "ref", "name", "gorski", "leading", "pejorative", "term", "quackademic", "medicine", "due", "many", "names", "field", "criticized", "intense", "rebranding", "essentially", "practices", "ref", "name", "shapiro", "'''cam'''", "abbreviation", "phrase", "''complementary", "alternative", "medicine''", "ref", "name", "ernstinterview", "ref", "name", "cassilethdeng", "also", "called", "scam", "scam", "addition", "called", "supplements", "ref", "name", "skepdiccom", "ref", "ref", "name", "tyreman", "ref", "terms", "traditional", "medicine", "refers", "pre", "scientific" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "practices", "certain", "culture", "contrast", "typically", "practiced", "cultures", "medical", "science", "dominates", "eastern", "medicine", "typically", "refers", "traditional", "medicines", "asia", "evidence", "based", "medicine", "penetrated", "much", "later", "'''holistic", "medicine'''", "another", "rebranding", "alternative", "medicine", "case", "words", "''balance''", "''holism''", "often", "used", "alongside", "''complementary''", "''integrative''", "claiming", "take", "account", "whole", "person", "contrast", "supposed", "reductionism", "medicine", "ref", "name", "beresford", "pp", "ref", "ref", "name", "zucker", "pp", "ref", "challenges", "defining", "alternative", "medicine", "prominent", "members", "science", "ref", "name", "offit", "ref", "name", "dawkins", "biomedical", "science", "community", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "thing", "alternative", "medicine", "medicine", "works", "medicine", "n't", "ref", "name", "dawkins", "ref", "name", "jeffrey", "ref", "notion", "later", "echoed", "paul", "offit", "truth", "'s", "thing", "conventional", "alternative", "complementary", "integrative", "holistic", "medicine", "'s", "medicine", "works", "medicine", "n't", "best", "way", "sort", "carefully", "evaluating", "scientific", "studies", "visiting", "internet", "chat", "rooms", "reading", "magazine", "articles", "talking", "friends", "comedian", "tim", "minchin", "also", "taken", "issue", "viral", "animation", "short", "''storm''", "definition", "alternative", "medicine", "either" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "based", "traditional", "medicinal", "practices", "particular", "culture", "folk", "knowledge", "superstition", "spiritual", "beliefs", "belief", "supernatural", "energies", "antiscience", "pseudoscience", "errors", "reasoning", "propaganda", "fraud", "new", "different", "concepts", "health", "disease", "bases", "proven", "scientific", "methods", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "hines", "sampson", "coulter", "sagan", "ref", "name", "amcer", "different", "cultures", "may", "unique", "traditional", "belief", "based", "practices", "developed", "recently", "thousands", "years", "specific", "practices", "entire", "systems", "practices", "unscientific", "belief", "systems", "alternative", "medicine", "using", "naturopathy", "homeopathy", "place", "conventional", "medicine", "based", "belief", "systems" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "grounded", "science", "ref", "name", "nccih", "class", "wikitable", "proposed", "mechanism", "issues", "naturopathy", "naturopathic", "medicine", "based", "belief", "body", "heals", "using", "supernatural", "vital", "energy", "guides", "bodily", "processes", "ref", "name", "sarriswardle", "conflict", "paradigm", "evidence", "based", "medicine", "ref", "name", "jagtenberg", "many", "naturopaths", "opposed", "vaccination", "ref", "name", "ernst", "scientific", "evidence", "support", "claims", "naturopathic", "medicine", "cure", "cancer", "disease", "ref", "name", "acs", "homeopathy", "belief", "substance", "causes", "symptoms", "disease", "healthy", "people", "cures", "similar", "symptoms", "sick", "people''" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "employed", "name", "hahnemannquote", "group", "n", "developed", "knowledge", "atoms", "molecules", "basic", "chemistry", "shows", "repeated", "dilution", "practiced", "homeopathy", "produces", "water", "homeopathy", "scientifically", "valid", "ref", "name", "ernst", "ref", "name", "hcreport", "ref", "name", "shang", "ref", "name", "nccih", "homeopathy", "''they", "told", "took", "pills", "night", "quite", "another", "thing", "morning''", "early", "th", "century", "satire", "morison", "'s", "vegetable", "pills", "alternative", "medicine", "supplement", "traditional", "ethnic", "systems", "ready", "drink", "traditional", "chinese", "medicine", "mixture", "right", "x", "px", "alternative", "medical", "systems", "may", "based", "traditional", "medicine", "practices", "traditional", "chinese", "medicine", "tcm", "ayurveda", "india" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "practices", "cultures", "around", "world", "ref", "name", "nccih", "useful", "applications", "traditional", "medicines", "researched", "accepted", "within", "ordinary", "medicine", "however", "underlying", "belief", "systems", "seldom", "scientific", "accepted", "traditional", "medicine", "considered", "alternative", "used", "outside", "home", "region", "used", "together", "instead", "known", "functional", "treatment", "reasonably", "expected", "patient", "practitioner", "knows", "know", "work", "knowing", "practice", "based", "superstition", "class", "wikitable", "claims", "issues", "traditional" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "chinese", "medicine", "traditional", "practices", "beliefs", "china", "together", "modifications", "made", "communist", "party", "make", "tcm", "common", "practices", "include", "herbal", "medicine", "acupuncture", "insertion", "needles", "body", "specified", "points", "massage", "tui", "na", "exercise", "qigong", "dietary", "therapy", "practices", "based", "belief", "supernatural", "energy", "called", "qi", "considerations", "chinese", "astrology", "chinese", "numerology", "traditional", "use", "herbs", "substances", "found", "china", "belief", "tongue", "contains", "map", "body", "reflects", "changes", "body", "incorrect", "model", "anatomy", "physiology", "internal", "organs", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "beyersteinsampson", "ref", "name", "luneedham", "ref", "name", "maciocia", "ref", "name", "matuk", "ref", "name", "deshpande", "ayurveda", "traditional", "medicine", "india", "ayurveda", "believes", "existence", "three", "elemental", "substances", "doshas", "called", "vata", "pitta", "kapha", "states", "balance", "doshas", "results", "health", "imbalance", "results", "disease", "disease", "inducing", "imbalances", "adjusted", "balanced", "using", "traditional", "herbs", "minerals", "heavy", "metals", "ayurveda", "stresses", "use", "plant", "based", "medicines", "treatments", "animal", "products", "added", "minerals", "including", "sulfur", "arsenic", "lead", "copper", "sulfate", "safety", "concerns", "raised", "ayurveda", "two", "us", "studies", "finding" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "percent", "ayurvedic", "indian", "manufactured", "patent", "medicines", "contained", "toxic", "levels", "heavy", "metals", "lead", "mercury", "arsenic", "study", "users", "united", "states", "also", "found", "elevated", "blood", "lead", "levels", "percent", "tested", "concerns", "include", "use", "herbs", "containing", "toxic", "compounds", "lack", "quality", "control", "ayurvedic", "facilities", "incidents", "heavy", "metal", "poisoning", "attributed", "use", "compounds", "united", "states", "ref", "name", "daguptahstabler", "ref", "name", "valiathan", "ref", "name", "cdc", "ref", "name", "saper", "supernatural", "energies", "bases", "belief", "may", "include", "belief", "existence", "supernatural" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "energies", "undetected", "science", "physics", "biofields", "belief", "properties", "energies", "physics", "inconsistent", "laws", "physics", "energy", "medicine", "ref", "name", "nccih", "class", "wikitable", "claims", "issues", "biofield", "therapy", "intended", "influence", "energy", "fields", "purported", "surround", "penetrate", "body", "ref", "name", "nccih", "advocates", "scientific", "skepticism", "carl", "sagan", "described", "lack", "empirical", "evidence", "support", "existence", "putative", "energy", "fields", "therapies", "predicated", "bioelectromagnetic", "therapy", "use", "verifiable", "electromagnetic", "fields", "pulsed", "fields", "alternating", "current" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "direct", "current", "fields", "unconventional", "manner", "ref", "name", "nccih", "asserts", "magnets", "used", "defy", "laws", "physics", "influence", "health", "disease", "chiropractic", "spinal", "manipulation", "aims", "treat", "vertebral", "subluxations", "claimed", "put", "pressure", "nerves", "chiropractic", "developed", "belief", "manipulating", "spine", "affects", "flow", "supernatural", "vital", "energy", "thereby", "affects", "health", "disease", "vertebral", "subluxation", "pseudoscientific", "concept", "proven", "exist", "reiki", "practitioners", "place", "palms", "patient", "near", "chakras", "believe", "centers", "supernatural", "energies" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "intervention", "healing", "lack", "evidence", "effectiveness", "ref", "name", "pearce", "simpson", "ref", "unwanted", "outcomes", "death", "disability", "occurred", "faith", "healing", "elected", "instead", "medical", "care", "serious", "injuries", "illnesses", "double", "blind", "study", "discharged", "coronary", "surgery", "patients", "found", "intercessory", "prayer", "significant", "effect", "medical", "outcomes", "hospitalization", "coronary", "care", "unit", "ref", "name", "aviles", "et", "al", "ref", "nccih", "classification", "us", "agency", "national", "center", "complementary", "integrative", "health", "nccih", "created", "classification", "system", "branches", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "divides", "five", "major", "groups", "groups" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "overlap", "distinguish", "two", "types", "energy", "medicine", "'", "'veritable''", "involves", "scientifically", "observable", "energy", "including", "magnet", "therapy", "colorpuncture", "light", "therapy", "''putative''", "invokes", "physically", "undetectable", "unverifiable", "energy", "ref", "name", "nccih", "emed", "none", "energies", "evidence", "support", "effect", "body", "positive", "health", "promoting", "way", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "whole", "medical", "systems", "cut", "across", "one", "groups", "examples", "include", "traditional", "chinese", "medicine", "naturopathy", "homeopathy", "ayurveda", "mind", "body", "interventions", "explore", "interconnection", "mind", "body", "spirit", "premise", "affect", "bodily", "functions", "symptoms", "connection" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "mind", "body", "conventional", "medical", "fact", "classification", "include", "therapies", "proven", "function", "cognitive", "behavioral", "therapy", "biology", "based", "practices", "use", "substances", "found", "nature", "herbs", "foods", "vitamins", "natural", "substances", "note", "used", "biology", "''not''", "refer", "science", "biology", "usage", "newly", "coined", "nccih", "primary", "source", "used", "article", "biology", "based", "coined", "nccih", "may", "refer", "chemicals", "nonbiological", "source", "use", "poison", "lead", "traditional", "chinese", "medicine", "nonbiological", "substances" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "manipulative", "body", "based", "practices", "feature", "manipulation", "movement", "body", "parts", "done", "bodywork", "chiropractic", "osteopathic", "manipulation", "energy", "medicine", "domain", "deals", "putative", "verifiable", "energy", "fields", "biofield", "therapies", "intended", "influence", "energy", "fields", "purported", "surround", "penetrate", "body", "existence", "energy", "fields", "disproven", "bioelectromagnetic", "based", "therapies", "use", "verifiable", "electromagnetic", "fields", "pulsed", "fields", "alternating", "current", "direct", "current", "fields", "non", "scientific", "manner", "history", "history", "alternative", "medicine", "may", "refer", "history", "group", "diverse", "medical" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "practices", "collectively", "promoted", "alternative", "medicine", "beginning", "collection", "individual", "histories", "members", "group", "history", "western", "medical", "practices", "labeled", "irregular", "practices", "western", "medical", "establishment", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "qmhchf", "ref", "name", "chbhama", "countercultural", "healing", "brief", "history", "alternavie", "medicine", "america", "james", "whorton", "pbs", "november", "https", "wwwpbsorg", "wgbh", "pages", "frontline", "shows", "altmed", "clash", "historyhtml", "ref", "ref", "name", "nchama", "nature", "cures", "nbsp", "history", "alternative", "medicine", "america", "james", "c", "whorton", "oxford", "university", "press", "ref", "ref", "name", "rrcam", "rise", "rise", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "sociological", "perspective", "ian", "coulter", "evan", "willis", "medical" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "journal", "australia", "ref", "includes", "histories", "complementary", "medicine", "integrative", "medicine", "western", "practitioners", "part", "increasingly", "science", "based", "medical", "establishment", "referred", "irregular", "practitioners", "dismissed", "medical", "establishment", "unscientific", "practicing", "quackery", "ref", "name", "qmhchf", "ref", "name", "chbhama", "irregular", "practice", "became", "increasingly", "marginalized", "quackery", "fraud", "western", "medicine", "increasingly", "incorporated", "scientific", "methods", "discoveries", "corresponding", "increase", "success", "treatments", "ref", "name", "nchama", "irregular", "practices", "grouped", "traditional", "practices", "nonwestern" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "using", "chemicals", "challenging", "establishment", "authority", "kind", "sensitivity", "giving", "equal", "measure", "beliefs", "practices", "cultures", "cultural", "relativism", "growing", "frustration", "desperation", "patients", "limitations", "side", "effects", "science", "based", "medicine", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "chbhama", "ref", "name", "nchama", "ref", "name", "rrcam", "ref", "name", "frontlineaf", "ref", "name", "enab", "ref", "name", "ambmj", "time", "american", "medical", "association", "played", "central", "role", "fighting", "quackery", "united", "states", "abolished", "quackery", "committee", "closed", "department", "investigation", "ref", "name", "qmhchf", "ref", "name", "ambmj", "ref", "early", "mid", "expression" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "alternative", "medicine", "came", "widespread", "use", "expression", "became", "mass", "marketed", "collection", "natural", "effective", "treatment", "alternatives", "science", "based", "biomedicine", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "ambmj", "mass", "marketing", "alternative", "medicine", "pervasive", "british", "medical", "journal", "bmj", "pointed", "apparently", "endless", "stream", "books", "articles", "radio", "television", "programmes", "urge", "public", "virtues", "alternative", "medicine", "treatments", "ranging", "meditation", "drilling", "hole", "skull", "let", "oxygen", "ref", "name", "ambmj", "analysis", "trends", "criticism", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "cam", "five" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "prestigious", "american", "medical", "journals", "period", "reorganization", "within", "medicine", "reported", "showing", "medical", "profession", "responded", "growth", "cam", "three", "phases", "phase", "changes", "medical", "marketplace", "influenced", "type", "response", "journals", "ref", "name", "winnick", "changes", "included", "relaxed", "medical", "licensing", "development", "managed", "care", "rising", "consumerism", "establishment", "usa", "office", "alternative", "medicine", "later", "national", "center", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "currently", "national", "center", "complementary", "integrative", "health", "ref", "medical", "education", "mainly", "result", "reforms", "following" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "flexner", "report", "ref", "name", "flexner", "report", "medical", "education", "established", "medical", "schools", "us", "generally", "included", "alternative", "medicine", "teaching", "topic", "typically", "teaching", "based", "current", "practice", "scientific", "knowledge", "anatomy", "physiology", "histology", "embryology", "neuroanatomy", "pathology", "pharmacology", "microbiology", "immunology", "ref", "name", "bianco", "medical", "schools'", "teaching", "includes", "topics", "doctor", "patient", "communication", "ethics", "art", "medicine", "ref", "name", "stanford", "curriculum", "engaging", "complex", "clinical", "reasoning", "medical", "decision", "making", "ref", "name", "yale", "curriculum", "writing", "snyderman", "weil", "remarked", "early", "twentieth", "century", "flexner", "model", "helped", "create", "th", "century", "academic", "health" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "integrative", "medicine", "member", "entity", "cochrane", "collaboration", "ref", "name", "um", "cam", "field", "ref", "name", "um", "cim", "medical", "schools", "responsible", "conferring", "medical", "degrees", "physician", "typically", "may", "legally", "practice", "medicine", "licensed", "local", "government", "authority", "licensed", "physicians", "us", "attended", "one", "established", "medical", "schools", "usually", "graduated", "doctor", "medicine", "md", "ref", "name", "medline", "md", "states", "require", "applicants", "md", "licensure", "graduates", "approved", "medical", "school", "complete", "united", "states", "medical", "licensing", "exam", "usmle", "ref", "name", "medline", "md", "efficacy", "general", "scientific", "consensus", "alternative", "therapies", "lack" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "otherwise", "ineffective", "therapy", "taking", "something", "placebo", "effect", "natural", "recovery", "cyclical", "nature", "illness", "regression", "fallacy", "gets", "misattributed", "alternative", "medicine", "taken", "person", "diagnosed", "science", "based", "medicine", "may", "never", "originally", "true", "illness", "diagnosed", "alternative", "disease", "category", "ref", "name", "alcock", "edzard", "ernst", "characterized", "evidence", "many", "alternative", "techniques", "weak", "nonexistent", "negative", "ref", "name", "goodbadugly", "published", "estimate", "based", "sound", "evidence", "although", "believes", "may", "overestimate", "ref", "name", "ernst", "ernst", "concluded" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "alternative", "therapies", "team", "studied", "including", "acupuncture", "herbal", "medicine", "homeopathy", "reflexology", "statistically", "indistinguishable", "placebo", "treatments", "also", "believes", "something", "conventional", "doctors", "usefully", "learn", "chiropractors", "homeopath", "therapeutic", "value", "placebo", "effect", "one", "strangest", "phenomena", "medicine", "ref", "name", "economist", "ref", "name", "hhh", "project", "funded", "cdc", "identified", "condition", "treatment", "pairs", "studied", "least", "one", "randomized", "controlled", "trial", "rct", "assessed", "meta", "analysis", "ref", "name", "katz", "according" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "book", "us", "institute", "medicine", "panel", "number", "rcts", "focused", "cam", "risen", "dramatically", "cochrane", "library", "cam", "related", "cochrane", "systematic", "reviews", "non", "cochrane", "systematic", "reviews", "analysis", "conclusions", "cochrane", "reviews", "done", "two", "readers", "cases", "readers", "agreed", "disagreed", "third", "reader", "agreed", "one", "initial", "readers", "set", "rating", "studies", "found", "cam", "concluded", "positive", "effect", "possibly", "positive", "concluded", "effect", "concluded", "harmful" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "effect", "concluded", "insufficient", "evidence", "assessment", "conventional", "treatments", "found", "concluded", "positive", "possibly", "positive", "effect", "concluded", "effect", "concluded", "net", "harmful", "effects", "concluded", "insufficient", "evidence", "however", "cam", "review", "used", "developed", "cochrane", "database", "conventional", "review", "used", "initial", "cochrane", "database", "alternative", "therapies", "complement", "improve", "effect", "mitigate", "side", "effects", "functional", "medical", "treatment", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "ernst", "ref", "name", "joyce", "ref", "name", "bmj", "may", "significant", "drug", "interactions", "caused", "alternative", "therapies", "may", "instead", "negatively", "impact", "functional", "treatment", "making", "prescription", "drugs", "less", "effective", "interference" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "herbal", "preparations", "warfarin", "ref", "name", "ref", "name", "arye", "way", "conventional", "therapies", "drugs", "interventions", "difficult", "test", "efficacy", "alternative", "medicine", "clinical", "trials", "instances", "established", "effective", "treatment", "condition", "already", "available", "helsinki", "declaration", "states", "withholding", "treatment", "unethical", "circumstances", "use", "standard", "care", "treatment", "addition", "alternative", "technique", "tested", "may", "produce", "confounded", "difficult", "interpret", "results", "ref", "name", "bodeker", "cancer", "researcher", "andrew", "j", "vickers", "stated", "perceived", "mechanism", "effect", "anything", "classified", "alternative", "medicine", "definition" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "healing", "medical", "effect", "ref", "name", "angell", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "hines", "sampson", "coulter", "sagan", "ref", "name", "igpiamayp", "ref", "name", "np", "however", "different", "mechanisms", "perceived", "work", "common", "denominator", "mechanisms", "effects", "mis", "attributed", "alternative", "treatment", "natural", "course'''", "individual", "gets", "better", "without", "treatment", "br", "b", "'''placebo", "effect", "false", "treatment", "effect'''", "individual", "receives", "alternative", "therapy", "convinced", "help", "conviction", "makes", "likely", "get", "better", "br", "c", "'''nocebo", "effect'''", "individual", "convinced", "standard", "treatment", "work", "alternative" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "therapies", "work", "decreases", "likelihood", "standard", "treatment", "work", "placebo", "effect", "alternative", "remains", "br", "'''no", "adverse", "effects'''", "standard", "treatment", "replaced", "alternative", "treatment", "getting", "rid", "adverse", "effects", "also", "improvement", "br", "e", "'''interference'''", "standard", "treatment", "complemented", "something", "interferes", "effect", "cause", "worse", "effect", "also", "decreased", "even", "increased", "side", "effects", "may", "interpreted", "helping", "researchers", "epidemiologists", "clinical", "statisticians", "pharmacologists", "use", "clinical", "trials", "reveal", "effects", "allowing", "physicians", "offer", "therapeutic", "solution", "best", "known" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "work", "alternative", "treatments", "often", "refuse", "use", "trials", "make", "deliberately", "hard", "placebo", "effect", "placebo", "treatment", "intended", "therapeutic", "value", "example", "placebo", "inert", "pill", "include", "dramatic", "interventions", "like", "sham", "surgery", "''placebo", "effect''", "concept", "patients", "perceive", "improvement", "treated", "inert", "treatment", "opposite", "placebo", "effect", "''nocebo", "effect''", "patients", "expect", "treatment", "harmful", "perceive", "harmful", "effects", "taking", "placebos" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "physical", "effect", "diseases", "improve", "overall", "outcomes", "patients", "may", "report", "improvements", "subjective", "outcomes", "pain", "nausea", "ref", "name", "cochranehrob", "ref", "study", "suggested", "substantial", "part", "medicine", "'s", "impact", "due", "placebo", "effect", "ref", "name", "hrob", "ref", "name", "cochranehrob", "however", "reassessments", "found", "study", "flawed", "methodology", "ref", "name", "hrob", "ref", "ref", "name", "kienle", "kiene", "modern", "reviews", "suggest", "factors", "like", "natural", "recovery", "reporting", "bias", "also", "considered", "ref", "name", "cochranehrob", "ref", "name", "kienle", "kiene", "reasons", "alternative", "therapies", "may", "credited", "improving", "patient", "'s", "condition", "even", "though", "objective", "effect" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "non", "existent", "even", "harmful", "ref", "name", "ref", "name", "gorski", "ref", "name", "novella", "david", "gorski", "argues", "alternative", "treatments", "treated", "placebo", "rather", "medicine", "ref", "name", "gorski", "almost", "none", "performed", "significantly", "better", "placebo", "clinical", "trials", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "skep", "dic", "comp", "med", "ref", "name", "billion", "ref", "name", "abdulla", "furthermore", "distrust", "conventional", "medicine", "may", "lead", "patients", "experiencing", "nocebo", "effect", "taking", "effective", "medication", "ref", "name", "regression", "mean", "patient", "receives", "inert", "treatment", "may", "report", "improvements", "afterwards", "cause", "ref", "name", "cochranehrob", "ref", "name", "kienle", "kiene", "ref", "assuming", "cause", "without", "evidence", "example", "regression" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "fallacy", "may", "due", "natural", "recovery", "illness", "fluctuation", "symptoms", "long", "term", "condition", "ref", "name", "kienle", "kiene", "concept", "regression", "toward", "mean", "implies", "extreme", "result", "likely", "followed", "less", "extreme", "result", "factors", "also", "reasons", "placebo", "treatment", "group", "may", "outperform", "treatment", "group", "test", "related", "patient", "'s", "experience", "include", "patients", "reporting", "favourable", "results", "really", "felt", "due", "politeness", "experimental", "subordination", "observer", "bias", "misleading", "wording" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "questions", "ref", "name", "kienle", "kiene", "systematic", "review", "studies", "placebos", "asbj", "rn", "hr", "bjartsson", "peter", "c", "g", "tzsche", "write", "even", "true", "effect", "placebo", "one", "would", "expect", "record", "differences", "placebo", "treatment", "groups", "due", "bias", "associated", "lack", "blinding", "ref", "name", "cochranehrob", "alternative", "therapies", "may", "also", "credited", "perceived", "improvement", "decreased", "use", "effect", "medical", "treatment", "therefore", "either", "decreased", "side", "effects", "nocebo", "effects", "towards", "standard", "treatment", "ref", "name", "ref", "use", "regulation", "appeal", "practitioners", "complementary", "medicine", "usually", "discuss", "advise", "patients", "available", "alternative", "therapies", "patients", "often" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "express", "interest", "mind", "body", "complementary", "therapies", "offer", "non", "drug", "approach", "treating", "health", "conditions", "ref", "name", "sobel", "addition", "social", "cultural", "underpinnings", "popularity", "alternative", "medicine", "several", "psychological", "issues", "critical", "growth", "notably", "psychological", "effects", "believe", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "cognitive", "biases", "help", "maintain", "self", "esteem", "promote", "harmonious", "social", "functioning", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "''post", "hoc", "ergo", "propter", "hoc''", "fallacy", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "marketing", "edzard", "ernst", "leading", "authority", "scientific", "study", "alternative", "therapies", "diagnoses", "first", "university", "professor", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "promoting", "book", "''trick", "treatment''", "co", "written", "simon", "singh", "alternative", "medicine", "profitable", "industry", "large", "media", "advertising", "expenditures", "accordingly", "alternative", "practices", "often", "portrayed", "positively", "compared", "favorably", "big", "pharma", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "popularity", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "cam", "may", "related", "factors", "edzard", "ernst", "mentioned", "interview", "''the", "independent''", "ref", "paul", "offit", "proposed", "alternative", "medicine", "becomes", "quackery", "four", "ways", "recommending", "conventional", "therapies", "helpful", "promoting", "potentially", "harmful", "therapies", "without", "adequate", "warning", "draining", "patients'", "bank", "accounts", "promoting", "magical", "thinking", "ref", "name", "offit", "promoting" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "vigorous", "marketing", "ref", "name", "weber", "extravagant", "claims", "alternative", "medical", "community", "combined", "inadequate", "media", "scrutiny", "attacks", "critics", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "alternative", "medicine", "criticized", "taking", "advantage", "least", "fortunate", "members", "society", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "also", "increase", "conspiracy", "theories", "toward", "conventional", "medicine", "pharmaceutical", "companies", "ref", "name", "li", "et", "al", "mistrust", "traditional", "authority", "figures", "physician", "dislike", "current", "delivery", "methods", "scientific", "biomedicine", "led", "patients", "seek", "alternative", "medicine", "treat", "variety", "ailments", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "many" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "patients", "lack", "access", "contemporary", "medicine", "due", "lack", "private", "public", "health", "insurance", "leads", "seek", "lower", "cost", "alternative", "medicine", "ref", "name", "barnes", "medical", "doctors", "also", "aggressively", "marketing", "alternative", "medicine", "profit", "market", "ref", "name", "weber", "patients", "averse", "painful", "unpleasant", "sometimes", "dangerous", "side", "effects", "biomedical", "treatments", "treatments", "severe", "diseases", "cancer", "hiv", "infection", "well", "known", "significant", "side", "effects", "even", "low", "risk", "medications", "antibiotics", "potential", "cause", "life", "threatening", "anaphylactic", "reactions", "individuals", "many", "medications", "may", "cause", "minor", "bothersome", "symptoms" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "cough", "upset", "stomach", "cases", "patients", "may", "seeking", "alternative", "therapies", "avoid", "adverse", "effects", "conventional", "treatments", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "prevalence", "use", "according", "recent", "research", "increasing", "popularity", "cam", "needs", "explained", "moral", "convictions", "lifestyle", "choices", "rather", "economic", "reasoning", "developing", "nations", "access", "essential", "medicines", "severely", "restricted", "lack", "resources", "poverty", "traditional", "remedies", "often", "closely", "resembling", "forming", "basis", "alternative", "remedies", "may", "comprise", "primary", "healthcare", "integrated", "healthcare", "system", "africa", "traditional", "medicine" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "used", "primary", "healthcare", "developing", "nations", "whole", "one", "third", "population", "lack", "access", "essential", "medicines", "ref", "name", "tradmed", "fact", "proposed", "adopting", "prize", "system", "reward", "medical", "research", "ref", "name", "horrobin", "however", "public", "funding", "research", "exists", "us", "increasing", "funding", "research", "alternative", "medicine", "purpose", "us", "national", "center", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "nccam", "nccam", "spent", "us", "billion", "research", "since", "research", "demonstrated", "efficacy", "alternative", "therapies", "ref", "name", "billion", "ref", "name", "nccih", "ref", "name", "atwood" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "nccam", "'s", "sister", "organization", "nic", "office", "cancer", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "gives", "grants", "around", "million", "every", "year", "ref", "name", "ref", "testing", "alternative", "medicine", "scientific", "basis", "called", "waste", "scarce", "research", "resources", "ref", "name", "wadman", "ref", "alternative", "medicine", "rise", "countries", "western", "science", "scientific", "method", "generally", "accepted", "major", "foundations", "healthcare", "'evidence", "based'", "practice", "dominant", "paradigm", "described", "enigma", "medical", "journal", "australia", "ref", "name", "coulter", "us", "united", "states", "child", "abuse", "prevention", "treatment" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "act", "capta", "required", "states", "receive", "federal", "money", "grant", "religious", "exemptions", "child", "neglect", "abuse", "laws", "regarding", "religion", "based", "healing", "practices", "thirty", "one", "states", "child", "abuse", "religious", "exemptions", "use", "alternative", "medicine", "us", "increased", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "eisenberg", "doi", "access", "free", "ref", "percent", "increase", "expenditures", "percent", "increase", "use", "alternative", "therapies", "america", "ref", "name", "eisenberg", "according", "national", "survey", "conducted", "percent", "us", "adults", "aged", "years", "use", "form", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "ref", "name", "cdc", "ref", "americans", "spend" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "many", "billions", "therapies", "annually", "ref", "name", "eisenberg", "americans", "used", "cam", "treat", "prevent", "musculoskeletal", "conditions", "conditions", "associated", "chronic", "recurring", "pain", "ref", "name", "barnes", "america", "women", "likely", "men", "use", "cam", "biggest", "difference", "use", "mind", "body", "therapies", "including", "prayer", "specifically", "health", "reasons", "ref", "name", "barnes", "american", "hospitals", "offered", "alternative", "therapies", "percent", "ref", "name", "warner", "ref", "name", "aha", "hospitals", "offering", "cam", "urban", "areas", "ref", "name", "aha", "survey", "americans" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "nine", "year", "old", "child", "school", "science", "project", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "rosa", "prevalence", "use", "specific", "therapies", "common", "cam", "therapies", "used", "us", "prayer", "herbalism", "breathing", "meditation", "meditation", "chiropractic", "medicine", "yoga", "body", "work", "diet", "based", "therapy", "progressive", "relaxation", "mega", "vitamin", "therapy", "visualization", "ref", "name", "barnes", "ref", "name", "barnes", "britain", "often", "used", "alternative", "therapies", "alexander", "technique", "aromatherapy", "bach", "flower", "remedies", "body", "work", "therapies", "including", "massage", "counseling", "stress", "therapies", "hypnotherapy", "meditation", "reflexology", "shiatsu", "ayurvedic", "medicine", "nutritional", "medicine", "yoga", "ayurvedic" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "medicine", "remedies", "mainly", "plant", "based", "use", "animal", "materials", "safety", "concerns", "include", "use", "herbs", "containing", "toxic", "compounds", "lack", "quality", "control", "ayurvedic", "facilities", "ref", "name", "valiathan", "ref", "name", "saper", "according", "national", "health", "service", "england", "commonly", "used", "complementary", "alternative", "medicines", "cam", "supported", "nhs", "uk", "acupuncture", "aromatherapy", "chiropractic", "homeopathy", "massage", "osteopathy", "clinical", "hypnotherapy", "ref", "name", "nhs", "careers", "cam", "palliative", "care", "complementary", "therapies", "often", "used", "palliative", "care", "practitioners", "attempting", "manage", "chronic", "pain", "patients", "integrative", "medicine", "considered", "acceptable", "interdisciplinary" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "approach", "used", "palliative", "care", "areas", "medicine", "early", "experiences", "care", "dying", "palliative", "care", "took", "granted", "necessity", "placing", "patient", "values", "lifestyle", "habits", "core", "design", "delivery", "quality", "care", "end", "life", "patient", "desired", "complementary", "therapies", "long", "treatments", "provided", "additional", "support", "endanger", "patient", "considered", "acceptable", "ref", "name", "kellhear", "non", "pharmacologic", "interventions", "complementary", "medicine", "employ", "mind", "body", "interventions", "designed", "reduce", "pain", "concomitant", "mood", "disturbance", "increase", "quality", "life", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "name", "menefee", "regulation", "health", "campaign", "flyers", "example", "food", "drug", "administration", "warn", "public", "unsafe", "products", "alternative", "medicine", "lobby", "successfully", "pushed", "alternative", "therapies", "subject", "far", "less", "regulation", "conventional", "medicine", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "professions", "complementary", "traditional", "alternative", "medicine", "chiropractic", "achieved", "full", "regulation", "north", "america", "parts", "world", "regulated", "manner", "similar", "governing", "science", "based", "medicine", "contrast", "approaches", "may", "partially", "recognized", "others", "regulation", "cases", "promotion", "alternative" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "therapies", "allowed", "demonstrably", "effect", "tradition", "use", "despite", "laws", "making", "illegal", "market", "promote", "alternative", "therapies", "use", "cancer", "treatment", "many", "practitioners", "promote", "regulation", "licensing", "alternative", "medicine", "ranges", "widely", "country", "country", "state", "state", "austria", "germany", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "mainly", "hands", "doctors", "mds", "ref", "name", "ernstinterview", "half", "american", "alternative", "practitioners", "licensed", "mds", "ref", "name", "cassileth", "germany", "herbs", "tightly", "regulated", "half", "prescribed", "doctors", "covered", "health", "insurance", "ref", "name", "jama", "book", "review", "government", "bodies" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "us", "elsewhere", "published", "information", "guidance", "alternative", "medicine", "us", "food", "drug", "administration", "fda", "issued", "online", "warnings", "consumers", "medication", "health", "fraud", "includes", "section", "alternative", "medicine", "fraud", "warning", "ayurvedic", "products", "generally", "approved", "fda", "marketing", "risks", "problems", "negative", "outcomes", "according", "institute", "medicine", "use", "alternative", "medical", "techniques", "may", "result", "several", "types", "harm", "'''economic", "harm'''", "results", "monetary", "loss", "presents", "health", "hazard", "'''indirect", "harm'''", "results", "delay" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "potential", "possess", "dangerous", "biological", "psychological", "side", "effects", "attempts", "refute", "fact", "regard", "alternative", "therapies", "sometimes", "use", "''appeal", "nature''", "fallacy", "ie", "natural", "cannot", "harmful", "specific", "groups", "patients", "patients", "impaired", "hepatic", "renal", "function", "susceptible", "side", "effects", "alternative", "remedies", "exception", "normal", "thinking", "regarding", "side", "effects", "homeopathy", "since", "us", "food", "drug", "administration", "fda", "regulated", "homeopathic", "products", "several", "significantly", "different", "ways", "drugs", "ref", "name", "stehlin", "homeopathic", "preparations", "termed", "remedies", "extremely", "dilute", "often", "far", "beyond", "point" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "single", "molecule", "original", "active", "possibly", "toxic", "ingredient", "likely", "remain", "thus", "considered", "safe", "count", "products", "exempt", "good", "manufacturing", "practice", "requirements", "related", "expiration", "dating", "finished", "product", "testing", "identity", "strength", "alcohol", "concentration", "may", "much", "higher", "allowed", "conventional", "drugs", "ref", "name", "stehlin", "treatment", "delay", "alternative", "medicine", "may", "discourage", "people", "getting", "best", "possible", "treatment", "ref", "name", "mhtg", "experienced", "perceived", "success", "one", "alternative", "therapy", "minor", "ailment", "may", "convinced", "efficacy", "persuaded", "extrapolate", "success" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "alternative", "therapy", "serious", "possibly", "life", "threatening", "illness", "ref", "name", "navarro", "reason", "critics", "argue", "therapies", "rely", "placebo", "effect", "define", "success", "dangerous", "according", "mental", "health", "journalist", "scott", "lilienfeld", "unvalidated", "scientifically", "unsupported", "mental", "health", "practices", "lead", "individuals", "forgo", "effective", "treatments", "refers", "opportunity", "cost", "individuals", "spend", "large", "amounts", "time", "money", "ineffective", "treatments", "may", "left", "precious", "little", "either", "may", "forfeit", "opportunity", "obtain", "treatments", "could", "helpful", "short", "even", "innocuous", "treatments" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "indirectly", "produce", "negative", "outcomes", "ref", "name", "lilienfeld", "four", "children", "died", "australia", "parents", "chose", "ineffective", "naturopathic", "homeopathic", "alternative", "medicines", "diets", "rather", "conventional", "therapies", "ref", "name", "hughes", "unconventional", "cancer", "cures", "always", "many", "therapies", "offered", "outside", "conventional", "cancer", "treatment", "centers", "based", "theories", "found", "biomedicine", "alternative", "cancer", "cures", "often", "described", "'unproven'", "suggesting", "appropriate", "clinical", "trials", "conducted", "therapeutic", "value", "treatment", "unknown", "however", "many", "alternative", "cancer", "treatments", "investigated", "good", "quality", "clinical", "trials" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "shown", "ineffective", "nbsp", "label", "'unproven'", "inappropriate", "therapies", "time", "assert", "many", "alternative", "cancer", "therapies", "'disproven'", "ref", "name", "vickers", "edzard", "ernst", "stated", "ref", "rejection", "science", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "cam", "well", "researched", "conventional", "medicine", "undergoes", "intense", "research", "release", "public", "ref", "name", "ernst", "cohen", "practitioners", "science", "based", "medicine", "also", "discard", "practices", "treatments", "shown", "ineffective", "alternative", "practitioners", "ref", "name", "consumerhealth", "th", "ref", "funding", "research", "also", "sparse", "making", "difficult", "research", "effectiveness", "cam", "ref", "name", "ernst" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "funding", "cam", "funded", "government", "agencies", "ref", "name", "ernst", "cohen", "proposed", "research", "cam", "rejected", "private", "funding", "agencies", "results", "research", "reliable", "ref", "name", "ernst", "cohen", "research", "cam", "meet", "certain", "standards", "research", "ethics", "committees", "cam", "researchers", "find", "almost", "impossible", "meet", "ref", "name", "ernst", "cohen", "even", "little", "research", "done", "cam", "proven", "effective", "ref", "name", "ernst", "studies", "done", "cited", "cam", "practitioners", "attempt", "claim", "basis", "science", "studies", "tend" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "healthcare", "practices", "classified", "based", "solely", "scientific", "evidence", "treatment", "rigorously", "tested", "found", "safe", "effective", "science", "based", "medicine", "adopt", "regardless", "whether", "considered", "alternative", "begin", "ref", "name", "angell", "possible", "method", "change", "categories", "proven", "vs", "unproven", "based", "increased", "knowledge", "effectiveness", "lack", "thereof", "prominent", "supporter", "position", "george", "lundberg", "former", "editor", "''journal", "american", "medical", "association''", "''jama''", "ref", "name", "fontanarosa", "writing", "''ca", "cancer", "journal", "clinicians''", "barrie", "r", "cassileth", "mentioned" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "letter", "us", "senate", "subcommittee", "public", "health", "safety", "deplored", "lack", "critical", "thinking", "scientific", "rigor", "oam", "supported", "research", "signed", "four", "nobel", "laureates", "prominent", "scientists", "supported", "national", "institutes", "health", "nih", "ref", "name", "cassileth", "march", "staff", "writer", "''the", "washington", "post''", "reported", "impending", "national", "discussion", "broadening", "access", "health", "care", "improving", "medical", "practice", "saving", "money", "giving", "group", "scientists", "opening", "propose", "shutting", "national", "center", "complementary", "alternative", "medicine", "quoted" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "one", "scientists", "steven", "salzberg", "genome", "researcher", "computational", "biologist", "university", "maryland", "saying", "one", "concerns", "nih", "funding", "pseudoscience", "noted", "vast", "majority", "studies", "based", "fundamental", "misunderstandings", "physiology", "disease", "shown", "little", "effect", "ref", "name", "brown", "writers", "carl", "sagan", "noted", "astrophysicist", "advocate", "scientific", "skepticism", "author", "''the", "demon", "haunted", "world", "science", "candle", "dark''", "lambasted", "lack", "empirical", "evidence", "support", "existence", "putative", "energy", "fields" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "therapies", "predicated", "sampson", "also", "pointed", "cam", "tolerated", "contradiction", "without", "thorough", "reason", "experiment", "ref", "name", "sampsonatwood", "barrett", "pointed", "policy", "nih", "never", "saying", "something", "work", "different", "version", "dose", "might", "give", "different", "results", "ref", "name", "billion", "barrett", "also", "expressed", "concern", "alternatives", "merit", "impression", "rest", "deserve", "equal", "consideration", "respect", "even", "though", "worthless", "since", "classified", "one", "heading", "alternative", "medicine", "ref", "name", "quackwatch", "wary", "critics", "alternative" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]
[ "medicine", "focused", "upon", "health", "fraud", "misinformation", "quackery", "public", "health", "problems", "notably", "wallace", "sampson", "paul", "kurtz", "founders", "scientific", "review", "alternative", "medicine", "stephen", "barrett", "co", "founder", "national", "council", "health", "fraud", "webmaster", "quackwatch", "ref", "name", "ncahf", "mission", "grounds", "opposing", "alternative", "medicine", "include", "usually", "based", "religion", "tradition", "superstition", "belief", "supernatural", "energies", "pseudoscience", "errors", "reasoning", "propaganda", "fraud", "ref", "name", "beyerstein", "ref", "name", "nsf", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "sources", "alternative", "therapies", "typically", "lack", "scientific", "validation", "effectiveness", "either", "unproved", "disproved", "ref", "name", "atramm", "ref", "name", "kent", "ref", "name", "goldrosen", "treatments" ]
[ "Applied science", "Medicine and health", "Alternative medicine" ]