token
sequence
label
sequence
[ "'''applied", "ethics'''", "refers", "practical", "application", "moral", "considerations", "ethics", "respect", "real", "world", "actions", "moral", "considerations", "areas", "private", "public", "life", "professions", "health", "technology", "law", "leadership", "example", "bioethics", "community", "concerned", "identifying", "correct", "approach", "moral", "issues", "life", "sciences", "euthanasia", "allocation", "scarce", "health", "resources", "use", "human", "embryos", "research", "environmental", "ethics", "concerned", "ecological", "issues", "responsibility", "government", "corporations", "clean", "pollution", "business", "ethics", "includes", "questions", "regarding", "duties" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "duty", "'whistleblowers'", "general", "public", "loyalty", "employers", "applied", "ethics", "expanded", "study", "ethics", "beyond", "realms", "academic", "philosophical", "discourse", "field", "applied", "ethics", "appears", "today", "emerged", "debate", "surrounding", "rapid", "medical", "technological", "advances", "early", "established", "subdiscipline", "moral", "philosophy", "however", "applied", "ethics", "nature", "multi", "professional", "subject", "requires", "specialist", "understanding", "potential", "ethical", "issues", "fields", "like", "medicine", "business", "information", "technology", "nowadays", "ethical", "codes", "conduct", "exist", "almost", "every", "profession" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "applied", "ethics", "approach", "examination", "moral", "dilemmas", "take", "many", "different", "forms", "one", "influential", "widely", "utilised", "approaches", "bioethics", "health", "care", "ethics", "four", "principle", "approach", "developed", "tom", "beauchamp", "james", "childress", "four", "principle", "approach", "commonly", "termed", "principlism", "entails", "consideration", "application", "four", "prima", "facie", "ethical", "principles", "autonomy", "non", "maleficence", "beneficence", "justice", "underpinning", "theory", "applied", "ethics", "distinguished", "normative", "ethics", "concerns", "standards", "right", "wrong", "behavior", "meta", "ethics", "concerns", "nature", "ethical", "properties", "statements", "attitudes", "judgments", "whilst", "three", "areas" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "ethics", "appear", "distinct", "also", "interrelated", "use", "applied", "ethics", "approach", "often", "draws", "upon", "certain", "normative", "ethical", "theories", "like", "following", "consequentialist", "ethics", "theories", "holding", "normative", "properties", "acts", "depend", "consequences", "paradigm", "consequentialist", "family", "theories", "utilitarianism", "holds", "whether", "act", "morally", "right", "depends", "whether", "act", "maximizes", "sort", "net", "good", "theory", "'s", "main", "developments", "came", "jeremy", "bentham", "john", "stuart", "mill", "distinguished", "act", "rule", "utilitarianist", "morality", "later", "developments", "also", "adjusted", "theory", "notably", "henry" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "sidgwick", "introduced", "idea", "motive", "intent", "morality", "peter", "singer", "introduced", "idea", "preference", "moral", "decision", "making", "deontological", "ethics", "notions", "based", "'rules'", "ie", "obligation", "perform", "'right'", "action", "regardless", "actual", "consequences", "approach", "epitomized", "immanuel", "kant", "'s", "notion", "categorical", "imperative", "centre", "kant", "'s", "ethical", "theory", "based", "duty", "another", "key", "deontological", "theory", "natural", "law", "heavily", "developed", "thomas", "aquinas", "important", "part", "catholic", "church", "'s", "teaching", "morals", "threshold", "deontology", "holds", "rules" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "also", "known", "casuistry", "casuistry", "begin", "theory", "rather", "starts", "immediate", "facts", "real", "concrete", "case", "casuistry", "makes", "use", "ethical", "theory", "view", "ethical", "theory", "important", "feature", "moral", "reasoning", "casuists", "like", "albert", "jonsen", "stephen", "toulmin", "''the", "abuse", "casuistry''", "challenge", "traditional", "paradigm", "applied", "ethics", "instead", "starting", "theory", "applying", "theory", "particular", "case", "casuists", "start", "particular", "case", "ask", "morally", "significant", "features", "including", "theory", "practical", "considerations", "ought", "considered" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Ethics", "Applied ethics" ]
[ "adriaen", "van", "ostade", "analysis", "'''analysis'''", "process", "breaking", "complex", "topic", "substance", "smaller", "parts", "order", "gain", "better", "understanding", "technique", "applied", "study", "mathematics", "logic", "since", "aristotle", "bc", "though", "''analysis''", "formal", "concept", "relatively", "recent", "development", "word", "comes", "ancient", "greek", "''analysis''", "breaking", "untying", "''ana", "''", "throughout", "''lysis''", "loosening", "also", "comes", "word", "'s", "plural", "''analyses''", "formal", "concept", "method", "variously", "ascribed", "alhazen", "ren" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "descartes", "''discourse", "method''", "galileo", "galilei", "also", "ascribed", "isaac", "newton", "form", "practical", "method", "physical", "discovery", "name", "applications", "science", "clinical", "chemistry", "analyzer", "field", "chemistry", "uses", "analysis", "three", "ways", "identify", "components", "particular", "chemical", "compound", "qualitative", "analysis", "identify", "proportions", "components", "mixture", "quantitative", "analysis", "break", "chemical", "processes", "examine", "chemical", "reactions", "elements", "matter", "example", "use", "analysis", "concentration", "elements", "important", "managing", "nuclear" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "reactor", "nuclear", "scientists", "analyze", "neutron", "activation", "develop", "discrete", "measurements", "within", "vast", "samples", "matrix", "considerable", "effect", "way", "chemical", "analysis", "conducted", "quality", "results", "analysis", "done", "manually", "device", "'''", "big", "types", "analysis", "big", "'''", "u", "qualitative", "analysis", "u", "concerned", "components", "given", "sample", "compound", "example", "precipitation", "reaction", "u", "b", "quantitative", "analysis", "u", "determine", "quantity", "individual", "component", "present", "given", "sample", "compound", "example", "find", "concentration", "uv", "spectrophotometer", "isotopes", "chemists", "use", "isotope", "analysis", "assist" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "analysts", "issues", "anthropology", "archeology", "food", "chemistry", "forensics", "geology", "host", "questions", "physical", "science", "analysts", "discern", "origins", "natural", "man", "made", "isotopes", "study", "environmental", "radioactivity", "business", "financial", "statement", "analysis", "nbsp", "analysis", "accounts", "economic", "prospects", "firm", "fundamental", "analysis", "nbsp", "stock", "valuation", "method", "uses", "financial", "analysis", "gap", "analysis", "involves", "comparison", "actual", "performance", "potential", "desired", "performance", "organization", "business", "analysis", "involves", "identifying", "needs", "determining", "solutions", "business", "problems", "price", "analysis", "involves", "breakdown" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "price", "unit", "figure", "market", "analysis", "consists", "suppliers", "customers", "price", "determined", "interaction", "supply", "demand", "technical", "analysis", "study", "price", "action", "securities", "markets", "order", "forecast", "future", "prices", "opportunity", "analysis", "consists", "customers", "trends", "within", "industry", "customer", "demand", "experience", "determine", "purchasing", "behavior", "computer", "science", "requirements", "analysis", "encompasses", "tasks", "go", "determining", "needs", "conditions", "meet", "new", "altered", "product", "taking", "account", "possibly", "conflicting", "requirements", "various", "stakeholders", "beneficiaries", "users", "competitive", "analysis" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "online", "algorithm", "shows", "online", "algorithms", "perform", "demonstrates", "power", "randomization", "algorithms", "lexical", "analysis", "process", "processing", "input", "sequence", "characters", "producing", "output", "sequence", "symbols", "object", "oriented", "analysis", "design", "nbsp", "la", "booch", "program", "analysis", "computer", "science", "nbsp", "process", "automatically", "analysing", "behavior", "computer", "programs", "semantic", "analysis", "computer", "science", "nbsp", "pass", "compiler", "adds", "semantical", "information", "parse", "tree", "performs", "certain", "checks", "static", "code", "analysis", "nbsp", "analysis", "computer", "software", "performed", "without", "actually", "executing", "programs", "built", "structured", "systems", "analysis" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "design", "methodology", "nbsp", "la", "yourdon", "syntax", "analysis", "nbsp", "process", "compilers", "recognizes", "structure", "programming", "languages", "also", "known", "parsing", "worst", "case", "execution", "time", "nbsp", "determines", "longest", "time", "piece", "software", "take", "run", "economics", "agroecosystem", "analysis", "input", "output", "model", "applied", "region", "called", "regional", "impact", "multiplier", "system", "engineering", "analysts", "field", "engineering", "look", "requirements", "structures", "mechanisms", "systems", "dimensions", "electrical", "engineers", "analyse", "systems", "electronics", "life", "cycles", "system", "failures", "broken", "studied", "engineers", "also", "looking", "different", "factors", "incorporated", "within", "design", "intelligence" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "field", "intelligence", "employs", "analysts", "break", "understand", "wide", "array", "questions", "intelligence", "agencies", "may", "use", "heuristics", "inductive", "deductive", "reasoning", "social", "network", "analysis", "dynamic", "network", "analysis", "link", "analysis", "brainstorming", "sort", "problems", "face", "military", "intelligence", "may", "explore", "issues", "use", "game", "theory", "red", "teaming", "wargaming", "signals", "intelligence", "applies", "cryptanalysis", "frequency", "analysis", "break", "codes", "ciphers", "business", "intelligence", "applies", "theories", "competitive", "intelligence", "analysis", "competitor", "analysis", "resolve", "questions", "marketplace", "law", "enforcement", "intelligence", "applies", "number", "theories", "crime", "analysis", "linguistics", "linguistics", "explores", "individual", "languages" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "language", "general", "breaks", "language", "analyses", "component", "parts", "theory", "sounds", "meaning", "utterance", "usage", "word", "origins", "history", "words", "meaning", "words", "word", "combinations", "sentence", "construction", "basic", "construction", "beyond", "sentence", "level", "stylistics", "conversation", "examines", "using", "statistics", "modeling", "semantics", "analyses", "language", "context", "anthropology", "biology", "evolution", "geography", "history", "neurology", "psychology", "sociology", "also", "takes", "applied", "approach", "looking", "individual", "language", "development", "clinical", "issues", "literature", "literary", "criticism", "analysis", "literature", "focus", "diverse", "analysis" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "homer", "freud", "literary", "critical", "methods", "primarily", "analytical", "nature", "main", "approach", "teaching", "literature", "west", "since", "mid", "twentieth", "century", "literary", "formal", "analysis", "close", "reading", "method", "rooted", "academic", "movement", "labelled", "new", "criticism", "approaches", "texts", "chiefly", "short", "poems", "sonnets", "virtue", "small", "size", "significant", "complexity", "lend", "well", "type", "analysis", "units", "discourse", "understood", "without", "reference", "biographical", "historical", "frameworks", "method", "analysis", "breaks", "text" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "linguistically", "study", "prosody", "formal", "analysis", "meter", "phonic", "effects", "alliteration", "rhyme", "cognitively", "examination", "interplay", "syntactic", "structures", "figurative", "language", "elements", "poem", "work", "produce", "larger", "effects", "mathematics", "modern", "mathematical", "analysis", "study", "infinite", "processes", "branch", "mathematics", "includes", "calculus", "applied", "study", "classical", "concepts", "mathematics", "real", "numbers", "complex", "variables", "trigonometric", "functions", "algorithms", "non", "classical", "concepts", "like", "constructivism", "harmonics", "infinity", "vectors", "florian", "cajori", "explains" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "''a", "history", "mathematics''", "difference", "modern", "ancient", "mathematical", "analysis", "distinct", "logical", "analysis", "follows", "blockquote", "terms", "'", "'synthesis''", "''analysis''", "used", "mathematics", "special", "sense", "logic", "ancient", "mathematics", "different", "meaning", "oldest", "definition", "mathematical", "analysis", "opposed", "synthesis", "given", "appended", "euclid", "xiii", "probability", "framed", "eudoxus", "analysis", "obtaining", "thing", "sought", "assuming", "reasoning", "admitted", "truth", "synthesis" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "obtaining", "thing", "sought", "reasoning", "inference", "proof", "blockquote", "blockquote", "analytic", "method", "conclusive", "unless", "operations", "involved", "known", "reversible", "remove", "doubt", "greeks", "rule", "added", "analytic", "process", "synthetic", "one", "consisting", "reversion", "operations", "occurring", "analysis", "thus", "aim", "analysis", "aid", "discovery", "synthetic", "proofs", "solutions", "blockquote", "james", "gow", "uses", "similar", "argument", "cajori", "following", "clarification", "https", "booksgooglecom", "booksid", "kse", "zemhaxec", "''a", "short", "history", "greek", "mathematics''" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "blockquote", "synthetic", "proof", "proceeds", "shewing", "proposed", "new", "truth", "involves", "certain", "admitted", "truths", "analytic", "proof", "begins", "assumption", "upon", "synthetic", "reasoning", "founded", "greeks", "distinguished", "''theoretic''", "''problematic''", "analysis", "theoretic", "analysis", "following", "kind", "''prove''", "b", "''assume''", "first", "b", "since", "b", "c", "c", "e", "therefore", "e", "known", "falsity", "b", "known", "truth", "intermediate", "propositions" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "music", "work", "musical", "analysis", "study", "composers", "use", "notes", "together", "compose", "music", "studying", "music", "find", "differences", "composer", "'s", "musical", "analysis", "differs", "depending", "culture", "history", "music", "studied", "analysis", "music", "meant", "simplify", "music", "ref", "name", "ref", "schenkerian", "analysis", "schenkerian", "analysis", "collection", "music", "analysis", "focuses", "production", "graphic", "representation", "includes", "analytical", "procedure", "well", "notational", "style", "simply", "put", "analyzes", "tonal", "music", "includes", "chords", "tones", "within", "composition", "ref", "name" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "philosophy", "philosophical", "analysis", "nbsp", "general", "term", "techniques", "used", "philosophers", "philosophical", "analysis", "refers", "clarification", "composition", "words", "put", "together", "entailed", "meaning", "behind", "ref", "name", "philosophical", "analysis", "dives", "deeper", "meaning", "words", "seeks", "clarify", "meaning", "contrasting", "various", "definitions", "study", "reality", "justification", "claims", "analysis", "various", "concepts", "branches", "philosophy", "include", "logic", "justification", "metaphysics", "values", "ethics", "questions", "answered", "empirically", "meaning", "answered", "using", "senses", "considered", "philosophical" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "effective", "option", "address", "current", "situation", "qualitative", "analysis", "use", "anecdotal", "evidence", "predict", "effects", "policy", "decisions", "generally", "influence", "policy", "decisions", "signal", "processing", "finite", "element", "analysis", "nbsp", "computer", "simulation", "technique", "used", "engineering", "analysis", "independent", "component", "analysis", "link", "quality", "analysis", "nbsp", "analysis", "signal", "quality", "path", "quality", "analysis", "fourier", "analysis", "statistics", "statistics", "term", "''analysis''", "may", "refer", "method", "used", "data", "analysis", "among", "many", "methods", "analysis", "variance", "anova", "nbsp", "collection", "statistical", "models", "associated", "procedures", "compare", "means", "splitting", "overall", "observed" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "performing", "task", "see", "also", "formal", "analysis", "methodology", "scientific", "method", "references", "external", "links", "abstraction", "critical", "thinking", "skills", "emergence", "empiricism", "epistemological", "theories", "intelligence", "mathematical", "modeling", "metaphysics", "mind", "methodology", "ontology", "philosophy", "logic", "rationalism", "reasoning", "research", "methods", "scientific", "method", "theory", "mind" ]
[ "Formal science", "Mathematics", "Pure mathematics", "Analysis" ]
[ "'''artificial", "intelligence'''", "'''ai'''", "intelligence", "demonstrated", "machines", "opposed", "'''natural", "intelligence'''", "displayed", "animals", "including", "humans", "leading", "ai", "textbooks", "define", "field", "study", "intelligent", "agents", "system", "perceives", "environment", "takes", "actions", "maximize", "chance", "achieving", "goals", "provides", "version", "used", "article", "authors", "use", "term", "computational", "intelligence", "synonym", "artificial", "intelligence", "prefer", "term", "rational", "agent", "write", "whole", "agent", "view", "widely", "accepted", "field", "popular", "accounts", "use", "term", "artificial", "intelligence", "describe" ]
[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
[ "machines", "mimic", "cognitive", "functions", "humans", "associate", "human", "mind", "learning", "problem", "solving", "however", "definition", "rejected", "major", "ai", "researchers", "ai", "applications", "include", "advanced", "web", "search", "engines", "eg", "google", "recommendation", "systems", "used", "youtube", "amazon", "netflix", "understanding", "human", "speech", "siri", "alexa", "self", "driving", "cars", "eg", "tesla", "automated", "decision", "making", "competing", "highest", "level", "strategic", "game", "systems", "chess", "go", "machines", "become", "increasingly", "capable", "tasks", "considered", "require", "intelligence", "often", "removed", "definition", "ai", "phenomenon", "known", "ai", "effect" ]
[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
[ "instance", "optical", "character", "recognition", "frequently", "excluded", "things", "considered", "ai", "become", "routine", "technology", "artificial", "intelligence", "founded", "academic", "discipline", "years", "since", "experienced", "several", "waves", "optimism", "ref", "name", "ai", "followed", "disappointment", "loss", "funding", "known", "ai", "winter", "ref", "name", "first", "ai", "winter", "ref", "name", "second", "ai", "winter", "followed", "new", "approaches", "success", "renewed", "funding", "ref", "name", "ai", "ai", "research", "tried", "discarded", "many", "different", "approaches", "since", "founding", "including", "simulating", "brain", "modeling", "human", "problem", "solving", "formal", "logic" ]
[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
[ "writing", "within", "generation", "nbsp", "problem", "creating", "'artificial", "intelligence'", "substantially", "solved", "failed", "recognize", "difficulty", "remaining", "tasks", "progress", "slowed", "response", "criticism", "sir", "james", "lighthill", "ongoing", "pressure", "us", "congress", "fund", "productive", "projects", "us", "british", "governments", "cut", "exploratory", "research", "ai", "next", "years", "would", "later", "called", "ai", "winter", "period", "obtaining", "funding", "ai", "projects", "difficult", "ref", "name", "first", "ai", "winter", "first", "ai", "winter", "lighthill", "report", "mansfield", "amendment", "ref", "early" ]
[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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[ "Formal science", "Computer science", "Artificial intelligence" ]
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