Talk:Edward Weston (chemist)

message: http://www.archive.org/stream/chronologicalhis00natirich/chronologicalhis00natirich_djvu.txt
A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY 
OF 
ELECTRICAL DEVELOPMENT 
FROM 600 B.C. 
NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS 
ASSOCIATION;
155 EAST 44th STREET;
NEW YORK 17, N. Y.;
PRICE $2.00 
Copyright 1946;
National Electrical Manufacturers Association;
Printed in U. S. A. 
Excerpts from this book may be used without permission 
Weston, Dr. Edward, 1872, 1875, 1876, 
1877, 1878, 1885, 1887, 1888, 1890, 1893, 
1896 
Weston Electrical Instrument Co., 1888 
1872 DR. EDWARD WESTON (1850-1936) is the first to apply 
the dynamo to electroplating to provide current, thus replacing 
the inefficient batteries in use. 
1875 It is generally believed that Dr. Edward Weston 
is the first person in the United States to use an electric arc 
furnace industrially. Dr. Weston patents laminated pole pieces 
and cores for dynamos raising their efficiency from about 
forty-five to eighty-five per cent; also patents an anode and 
develops a nickel solution containing boric acid for making a 
superior, dense, malleable plated nickel. 
1876 Dr. Edward Weston  designs his first generator for 
electroplating. It is rated at three-quarters of a horsepower 
at eight hundred revolutions per minute, has a shunt field 
winding, and has the first laminated construction used in a 
rotating armature, thereby reducing the internal losses. 
1877 Dr. Edward Weston  gives the first public exhibition 
of arc lighting in the United States when he installs a corner 
street light in Newark, New Jersey. He also used the arc 
light for general lighting purposes.
1878 Dr. Edward Weston feeds the current generated 
by one dynamo to a second dynamo, using the second dynamo 
as an electric motor for industrial purposes. Weston uses soft 
metal cores for arc light carbons. He copperplates the ends of 
arc light carbons for better contact. 
1885 Dr. Edward Weston  develops the hydrocarbon 
flashing process for making uniform carbon lamp filaments 
(Patent No. 310,761, January 13); receives Patent No. 327,908, 
October 6, for a magnetic drag-type speedometer the first 
example of our present-day automobile speedometer.
1885 Dr. Edward Weston  discovers a chemical process 
by which nitrocellulose is made into pure fiberless cellulose. 
This leads to the first successful homogeneous carbon lamp 
filament which is made by Dr. Weston and is known as the 
"tamadine" filament. 
1887 Dr. Edward Weston  compounds a workable German silver 
alloy containing thirty per cent nickel. He discovers 
an alloy, later known as "Constantan," in which it is shown 
for the first time that a metal can have a negative temperature 
coefficient of resistance, that is, its resistance becomes less 
with increasing temperature. The invention of "Manganin," 
the alloy now used universally for resistors of high accuracy, 
followed shortly thereafter. The resistance of "Manganin" is 
virtually constant within reasonable temperature limits. 
1888 The Weston Electrical Instrument Co. is formed by Edward 
Weston. Dr. Weston  formulates the design 
principle for a permanent magnetic system. The first permanent 
magnet, movable coil, direct reading electrical measuring 
instrument was developed and placed on the American 
market by Dr. Weston. 
1890 Dr. Edward Weston  produces a direct reading deflection type electrodynamometer. 
1893 The external shunt type of ammeter is invented by Dr. Edward 
Weston. The shunt in connection with a 
millivoltmeter was first used especially for measuring high 
currents. A patent was issued on Weston standard cell and 
later was dedicated to the public. The standard cell is used 
as a reference basis for the "volt" and is found in every standardizing
laboratory in the world. 
1896 The General Electric Company and the Westinghouse Electric 
& Manufacturing Company license each other to manufacture 
under its patents. General Electric holds the patents of Thomson, 
Brush, Edison, Sprague, Van Depoele, Bradley, and 
others; Westinghouse holds those of Sawyer-Man, Maxim, 
Weston, Tesla, Stanley, and others.
1910 The International Technical Committee meets at the Bureau 
of Standards in Washington, D. C. in the spring. Representatives 
of France, Germany, Great Britain, and the United 
States attend. At this meeting the "Weston" normal cell is 
recommended as a standard for the volt (1.0183 volts at 20C.) 
and is accepted by the various national laboratories in January, 1911. 
-71.174.175.104 (talk) 22:36, 3 July 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  Historic milestones 

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