Talk:Orphanage

message: I am a law student research assistant. I am attempting to add edits to this page and related pages in order to enrich the wealth of knowledge about the field of foster care, child placements, and the involvement of religious institutions. Unfortunately, many of my edit attempts have been undone based on an apparent flag for conflict of interest. However, the source I am primarily adding is a relevant academic work, much like many of the other admitted sources on this page. I have also assisted in flagging additional sources and cross-referencing other Wiki pages. I am proposing my edits below in bold in the hopes that you will implement them (or revert to the previous version of this page that includes them). Thank you for your time. 
Proposed edits to 19th Century heading (edits in Bold):
By the early nineteenth century, the problem of abandoned children in urban areas, especially London, began to reach alarming proportions. The workhouse system, instituted in 1834, although often brutal, was an attempt at the time to house orphans as well as other vulnerable people in society who could not support themselves in exchange for work. Conditions, especially for the women and children, were so bad as to cause an outcry among the social reform–minded middle-class; some of Charles Dickens' most famous novels, including Oliver Twist, highlighted the plight of the vulnerable and the often abusive conditions that were prevalent in the London orphanages.
Clamour for change led to the birth of the orphanage movement. In England, the movement really took off in the mid-19th century although orphanages such as the Orphan Working Home in 1758 and the Bristol Asylum for Poor Orphan Girls in 1795, had been set up earlier. Private orphanages were founded by private benefactors; these often received royal patronage and government oversight.[7] Ragged schools, founded by John Pounds and the Lord Shaftesbury were also set up to provide pauper children with basic education.
*moved paragraph*  Thomas John Barnardo, the founder of the Barnardos Home for orphaned children.
A very influential philanthropist of the era was Thomas John Barnardo, the founder of the charity Barnardos. Becoming aware of the great numbers of homeless and destitute children adrift in the cities of England and encouraged by the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury and the 1st Earl Cairns, he opened the first of the "Dr. Barnardo’s Homes" in 1870. By his death in 1905, he had established 112 district homes, which searched for and received waifs and strays, to feed, clothe and educate them.[10] The system under which the institution was carried on is broad as follows: the infants and younger girls and boys were chiefly "boarded out" in rural districts; girls above fourteen years of age were sent to the industrial training homes, to be taught useful domestic occupations; boys above seventeen years of age were first tested in labor homes and then placed in employment at home, sent to sea, or emigrated; boys of between thirteen and seventeen years of age were trained for the various trades for which they might be mentally or physically fitted.[10]
Many orphanages in 19th century America were formed as a reaction to the substandard conditions many reformers and religious groups found at poorhouses.Katz, Elizabeth D. (April 1, 2024). Fostering Faith: Religion and Inequality in the History of Child Welfare Placements. Fordham Law Review. SSRN 4566892 These reformers recognized the cost efficiencies of these institutions but believed children should be housed separately from adults.  Orphanages became increasingly popular in the 1830s. Religious teachings and practices were an uncontroversial, essential part of orphanage life. The need for orphanages increased due to immigration, urban poverty, cholera epidemics, and a decline in the use of indenture.
The first orphanage in what later became the United States was Catholic, founded in New Orleans in 1728 by French nuns.  The first public orphanage was the Charleston Orphan House, which opened in 1790. The managers of this orphanage would sometimes place children in apprenticeships. In some legally binding indenture contracts, the managers would include terms that required that the master take the child to church, demonstrating the prominence of religion in these institutions. Later this developed into a requirement that the child attend Sunday school.
*moved paragraph* In 1806, the first private orphanage in New York (the Orphan Asylum Society, now Graham Windham) was co-founded by Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton, widow of Alexander Hamilton, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.[8] Under the influence of Charles Loring Brace, foster care became a popular alternative from the mid-19th century.[9] Later, the Social Security Act of 1935 improved conditions by authorizing Aid to Families with Dependent Children as a form of social security. (with links to remain as is).
Orphanages perpetuated the segregation that was present at the time of their prominence. In 1822, Quakers in Philadelphia founded the Shelter for Colored Orphans, the nation's first institution for Black children. As the number of orphanages increased, they subdivided along both religious and racial lines. This division resulted in unequal services for children who were part of religious or racial minorities.
In the postbellum period after the Civil War, religion remained an important part of orphan asylums, even as concern for soldiers’ orphans prompted the creation of over 100 new asylums. Even those claiming to be nonsectarian, such as public institutions, were raising children in a nondenominational Protestant manner. More and more orphanages were formed or modified to cater to specific religious groups, which led to unequal and inadequate services for religious minorities. Additionally, impoverished immigrant parents used these institutions to provide temporary care for their children times of difficulty, such as unemployment or illness. In 1890, almost no orphanages in the country were interracial and only 27 catered to Black children. 
Funding mechanisms shifted during the same period, as many state governments began offering funding to private institutions as a method to ensure care was being provided to children. Initially, funding was directed to private asylums to ensure soldiers’ orphans were being properly cared for. Pennsylvania was one of the first states to do so, mostly distributing funding on a per capita basis. Even with a law passed in 1873 prohibiting state funding to be appropriated for “charitable, educational or benevolent purposes . . . to any denominational or sectarian institution,” Pennsylvania continued to provide per capita payments to private, religious institutions such as those caring for soldiers’ orphans.
By 1910, orphanages housed nearly three percent of all children in the United States. Foster care largely began to serve as a replacement for institutions as religious groups and others began to evaluate the benefits the experience would provide to children, and many scholars preferred the use of welfare payments to both options. Many groups behind orphanages, such as faith-based agencies,  gradually transitioned into foster care placement agencies to accommodate to changing needs based on the shrinking numbers of children in institutions and decreased funding. These organizations have often continued the practices of religion matching that they initially employed in orphanages.
Gator.scholar24 (talk) 15:23, 1 May 2024 (UTC)
thread_title:  Proposed Edits 

message: Added titles to sections for ease of navigation. --Digitalgadget 03:22, 15 September 2006 (UTC)
thread_title:  Section titles 

message: The 60,000 children in SOS Children's Villages should be taken out of this article. Their childcare model provides a permanent family not orphanage care by shift workers. --BozMo talk 15:46, 28 February 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  SOS Children's Villages 

message: It seems most of the reference links are dead. Could someone knowledgeable on this topic clean up the article?
—Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.81.135.223 (talk) 00:11, 4 May 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  References 

message: Also, why are Lithuania and Estonia under Europe and Latvia under "ex-Soviet"...???
—Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.226.124.125 (talk) 22:23, 3 July 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  Question 

message: I'd 'fix' it, but then the Soviet Territories bit would be inconsistent.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 60.234.210.9 (talk) 09:12, 17 July 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: Actually, depending on the method used, the Soviet Union was in Europe too. There's several methods for determining the continent a country belongs to: Majority of Land mass, by which reckoning the Soviet Union is Asian, Cultural by which reckoning the Soviet Union was European and 'Capital' (which is a method where the entire country's counted to be on the continent it's capital city is on, which was originated in post-colonial times when some of the smaller countries in Europe found themselves to be continentally in Africa or South America according to the landmass method) by which method the Soviet Union is still technically in Europe. Robrecht (talk) 20:43, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  The Ukraine and Latvia are in Europe... 

message: Here is a website you should read before saying something you are not qualified to say.  --Esthertaffet (talk) 03:11, 3 August 2009 (UTC)
replies: text: Like you have any idea of my qualifications. The statement you are asserting makes NO sense in context. 98.248.32.178 (talk) 03:15, 3 August 2009 (UTC)
replies: text: Can you provide a reference to why it doesn't make sense? --Esthertaffet (talk) 03:19, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: I provided you a reference that you clearly rejected. It is a suitable source. -- Esthertaffet (talk) 03:20, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: "An unrealistic alternative to orphanages would be to have adoptive parents adopt."
How the frak does that stand up to basic logic? Now you have a nice day, and in the future keep in mind that discussion about the article should take place on the ARTICLE talk page. 98.248.32.178 (talk) 03:25, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: Go find a soapbox from which to spread your biased and illogical message - this isn't the place. 98.248.32.178 (talk) 03:45, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: You cannot say that adoption is an "unrealistic" alternative to orphanages, because that would be a POV statement, and not suitable for Wikipedia. You can include a section within the article itself about controversies, so long as arguments on both side of the debate are properly cited. You can then refer to that in the lead with something along the lines of "there is a continuing debate about the relative merits of orphanages and adoption." In other words, you don't need to say that adoption is "unrealistic", you need to provide the arguments, so that a reader coming to the article can work out for themselves whether or not it is unrealistic. Anaxial (talk) 21:50, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: That might work in the body of the article (not the lead; it's too specific), so long as you clearly indicate who has made these arguments, and where they have published them, and include any counter-arguments there may be. Anaxial (talk) 22:07, 3 August 2009 (UTC)
replies: text: An alternative to orphanages would be to have adoptive parents adopt. However adoptive parents are not mandated to adopt every child. If society enforced a rule for people to adopt all kids, that would violate human rights. Adoption can be seen as a realistic alternative to orphanages for kids who are adopted. Those who aren't adopted are left behind without a permanent family. 
How is that? Esthertaffet (talk) 22:17, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

text: I'd suggest making it clearer who is saying this in the text (although it's there in the link, of course): "according to [name organsation]..." And, again, I don't think this belongs in the lead, and a statement like "would violate human rights" needs stronger supporting evidence - perhaps a clear statement from the UN, or some similar body? Otherwise, I'd leave that bit out; people can figure it out for themselves. The rest of it looks OK to me, although it might need a bit of copyedit. Anaxial (talk) 17:13, 4 August 2009 (UTC)
replies: text: I'm not going to put that in. It's too much of a hassle to find the references if there are any. I haven't found any. I think it's best to just leave it out. Esthertaffet (talk) 18:10, 5 August 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  Read it. 

message: This wasn't fully fixed, and all of the blanked information needs to be restored.  WhatamIdoing (talk) 20:21, 25 June 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Old vandalism 

message: 24.50.151.151 (talk) 21:03, 7 January 2015 (UTC)
thread_title:  None of this is relevant to the US 

message: It was a pretty good joke, but I am not thinking Jonathan Swift's Modest Proposal should be put under "Significant Charities that help orphans." Nice try though--
Text Removed: 
*A Modest Proposal Relocation proposition penned by Jonathan Swift as a work to put the children to work and feed the poor in 18th Century Britain.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gideon.judges7 (talk • contribs) 02:11, 12 June 2015 (UTC)
thread_title:  A Modest Act of Vandalism 

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message: Where is it? 41.116.43.248 (talk) 19:54, 30 January 2022 (UTC)
thread_title:  is the orphanage in SA ?