Talk:Hakka Chinese

message: All right.  I apologize, but:
# 'hua != Chinese' as much as 'hua != language'; and
# 'Hakka Chinese' may also refer to, say, Chinese citizens who are Hakka.
I propose moving the linguistic article to something like (I prefer) Hakka language, Hakka (tongue), Hakka (linguistics), or Hakka dialect.
--Kaihsu Tai 21:32, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)
replies: text: If Taiyu is Taiwanese language, Kejia-hua should be Hakka language.  --Menchi 21:37, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

text: (I find phrases like 'spoken variations of Chinese', 'Taiyu', and 'Kejia-hua' objectionable -- they should be clearly 'the Chinese/Sinitic languages', 'Hō-ló-oē', and 'Hakka' -- but that's just me.)  I would move them to unqualified titles like 'Min' (or 'Ban') and 'Yue' (or 'Yuet') if no possibility of ambiguity arises; otherwise I can accept 'Min dialect' or 'Fujian dialects'.  Why should we be Mandarin-centric and POV? --Kaihsu Tai 22:07, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

text: (I will avoid the first question, for brevity and the love of harmony.)  Jiang -- let's agree on 'XXXX' (yes, followed by nothing) when no ambiguity is possible, and 'XXXX dialect' (or, if you wish, some variation of 'XXXX Chinese dialect') when ambiguity may arise. --Kaihsu Tai 23:10, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

text: The thing is that, Jiang, there is no Chinese tongue (now I use this word to avoid the 'language or dialect?' mess) -- but there are Chinese tongues.  To elaborate: Mandarin is not spoken Chinese.  Written Mandarin is spoken Mandarin, written down -- remember the whole thing about Wusi (05-04), colloquialism etc?  Then: Literary (ancient) Chinese (wenyan) can be written and then read out loud, but never spoken.  (Try speaking it to someone.)  Exhortation: Read some DeFrancis & Co.   I have tried to include them in References here and there. --Kaihsu Tai 23:10, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)
replies: text: My point is...i dont see the offense in labelling something "a dialect of Chinese" since Chinese cannot be limited to a single spoken dialect. --Jiang
Should we allow standardization supersede the common names? Since an ambiguity exists for Mandarin, will we keep it at Mandarin Chinese or move it to Mandarin dialect. The latter phrase is rarely used. --Jiang 23:25, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

text: Hakka (linguistics) and Mandarin (linguistics) work. They sound better than Hakka (tongue). --Menchi 23:30, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)
replies: text:  Let's do that then.  Jiang? --Kaihsu Tai 08:18, 10 Oct 2003 (UTC)
thread_title:  Move 

message: I'm changing it from CHN to the more specific HAK, which is what this article is all about.  A-giau 22:53, 8 Jul 2004 (UTC)
thread_title:  SIL Ethnologue tag 

message: Can we add more examples of Chinese pronunciations (Mandarin and Cantonese primarily)? Does anyone else think this would benefit the page? Any expansion of the linguistic derivation section would be much appreciated as well. Thanks --Dpr 18:49, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
thread_title: Other Chinese pronunciations

message: Originally When the initials z c s ([ʦ ʦʰ s]) and ng ([ŋ]) is followed by a palatised medial, they become j q x ([ʨ ʨʰ ɕ]) and ngi ([ɲ]) respectively. This became changed to When the initials ([ŋ]) is followed by a palatised medial, they become ([ɲ]) respectively. The sentence itself is grammatically incorrect in itself. However, the real point is that the difference between the set of initials [ʦ ʦʰ s] and [ʨ ʨʰ ɕ] is the point of articulation, where the latter under the influence of palatisation is moved forward to form apical consonants. In this case, it ought to be restored but the romanised elements of the original sentence should be omitted. 
When the initials [ʦ ʦʰ s] and [ŋ] is followed by a palatised medial, they become [ʨ ʨʰ ɕ] and [ɲ] respectively. Dylanwhs 00:20, 6 February 2006 (UTC)
thread_title: Palatised initials

message: The Hakka v or correctly [ʋ] which is also coded as [ʋ decimal 651 ] is a labial dental approximant, not a labial dental fricative [v]. Thanks Garzo for reverting the change. Dylanwhs 15:07, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
thread_title: Hakka '''v'''

message: If Hakka really is a unique language by its own right (and not merely a Chinese dialect), then I do not understand why no one has yet requested for a Hakka wiki to come into existence. 
: Please be careful about what you ask for. There is no standard Hakka language, but a group of dialects with one, Meixian dialect held as the paradigm example. My dialect of Hakka differs in some respects to Meixian, both phonologically and in terms of vocabulary. In anycase, do you think Hakka cannot be a unique language before Wikipedia? Dylanwhs 15:11, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
replies: text: Still doens't mean that we need a Hakka wikipedia, especially when a Chinese wikipedia already exists. I do note however, that a Cantonese and Minnanhua wikipedia exists, but even so, I personally think that it is unnecessary. Dylanwhs 15:11, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
thread_title: Hakkapedia?

message: The usual treatment in Chinese books dealing with Hakka phonology renders the apical i as ɿ. The vowel ɪ is lower and less apical than ɿ. Dylanwhs 20:47, 1 June 2006 (UTC)
thread_title: Hakka ɿ is not the same as ɪ

message: Most of the Hakka people living in the north of Taiwan are supporters of Kuomintang, while the Hakka people who live in the south of Taiwan are supporters of the Democratic Progressive Party. 
This is off topic in a discussion about linguistics. Dylanwhs 18:33, 18 September 2006 (UTC)
thread_title: Political Comment is off topic

message: "Lexemes corresponding with characters 人 and 日, among others, are pronounced with a ng consonant in Hakka (人:ngin, 日:ngit), while being pronounced with an r consonant in many Chinese languages, including Mandarin"
: Is there any other example of a Chinese language in which these words start with an "r"? I thought "r" was almost unique to Mandarin. In Cantonese these words start with "y". (人:yan4, 日:yat6) 66.173.105.253 20:23, 20 October 2006 (UTC)
replies: text:  That part was added by DPR (26 Sep 2006) []. The whole Derivation paragraph needs to be re-written. Dylanwhs 19:01, 25 October 2006 (UTC)
thread_title:  R consonant 

message: Having read through the changes made since my last edit, the following are mistakes, which I am now correcting.
With regard to the population given of 34 million, davidpbrown sources his figures from the 1996 Ethnologue database.
Wrong:
Hakka is mutually intelligible with Mandarin, Cantonese, Minnan and most of the significant spoken variants of the Chinese language. 
Correct:
Hakka is 
not
 mutually intelligible with Mandarin, Cantonese, Minnan and most of the significant spoken variants of the Chinese language.
I have inserted 'not' back in again, because 'mutually intelligible' does not mean 'does not understand each other'. When one says X is not mutually intelligible with Y and Z, it means that X is different to Y and Z to the point where whatever X says, Y and Z may not understand, and vice versa.
Lexemes corresponding with characters 人 and 日, among others, are pronounced with a ng consonant in Hakka (人:ngin, 日:ngit), while being pronounced with an r consonant in Mandarin 
Change to: ... in Hakka (人:ngin, 日:ngit), and have a corresponding reading in Mandarin as an initial r- consonant.
I've reverted the change in 
我 [ŋai11] me/I (Mand. 我wǒ)<BR> 
to:
𠊎 [ŋai11] me/I (Mand. 我wǒ)<BR> 
because 我 has the pronunciation [ŋɔ33] in Hakka, and 𠊎 occurs in Unicode and in Hanyu Dacidian, as the dialectal character used for Hakka. Dylanwhs 10:09, 27 January 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  Changes 27 Jan 2007 

message: This article needs some audio samples of different Hakka dialects from Guangdong and Taiwan. I would be happy to hear some samples of Hakka speeches from Meixian,Guangdong and Taiwan. Sonic99 03:23, 26 April 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  This Article Needs Hakka Dialect Audio Samples  

message: the tones listed in the inventory don't match the vocab (i.e. Shang). Are these different dialects, or just different transcription conventions? kwami (talk) 08:52, 31 December 2007 (UTC)
replies: text: One small matter that I'm guessing is a simple error - yin ping (陰平) must be a low tone, and yang ping (陽平) must be high; I say this with no authority and no knowledge of Hakka (which is why I haven't corrected the article) but only from general knowledge of yin & yang, and because it would seem more consistent with the pair of tones, 5 and 6.  Lukebulger (talk) 07:37, 13 March 2009 (UTC)
replies: text:  The tone inventory have been sourced from published sources. For the Meixian dialect of Hakka, (and the majority of six tone Hakka dialects) the Yang Ping tone have a lower pitch than the Yin Ping tone. Saying Yin equates to a higher tone and Yang equates to a lower tone is unhelpful, since there are dialects (and not necessarily only restricted to Hakka) that exhibit pitch contours contrary to the "high/low = yin/yang" theory. Dylanwhs (talk) 16:51, 14 March 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  tones 

message: The Guangdong Hakka dialect is not mutually intelligible with the Fujian Hakka dialect. The two Hakkas can't understand each other. What is the point of keeping a Hakka dialect when the Hakkas can't even understand each other. Hakka is only a minority language. Sonic99 (talk) 01:50, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: Hakka dialects are different from each other. Not many Chinese can speak Hakka in the world therefore it is a minority language. Most Guangdong Hakkas can speak Cantonese because of the intelligibility between Cantonese and Moi-yen Hakka. I think it is very easy for a Guangdong Hakka to pick up the Cantonese language than Teochew and Mandarin. Sonic99 (talk) 03:34, 3 January 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  Hakka dialects are unintelligible with each other 

message: I have removed or reverted to a previous posting by User hailing from 74.167.31.39. There is no standard romanisation used for the indication of tones for any Hakka dialect, or use of -h to indicate a ru tone. The inclusion of those marks can be constituted a violation of the No Original Research or WP:NOR policy. Hakka dictionaries which have romanised text and employ diacritics do not all agree on any one standard, since there is no standard. Tones can be indicated as numbers (often seen in Mainland Chinese publications), or diacritics (see in Taiwanese publications). However, the use of -h in indicating the Ru tone is superflous as Moiyen/Meixian Hakka syllables of the Ru type only end in -p, -t or -k. 22:25, 17 June 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  No Moiyen standard romanisation. 

message: The recent edits by Count Dooku of Serenno, and subsequent reverts by Ryulong and السلام عليكم not only in this article but several others stems from basic ignorance about what the written script for Chinese dialects such as Hakka, Shanghainese amongst others really is. It is hanzi or Chinese characters. The inclusion of Kaishu, Semi-cursive script, Grass script in the box for 'script' is silly, for main reason that these are stylistic representations of hanzi. That is, to take a western example, the use of joined up alphabetic letters or block capitals, gothic, italic, bold, Arial font faces,  are to the roman alphabet what semi-cursive, kaishu etc, are to Chinese hanzi. Written Chinese can be written in the different stylistic forms, but the underlying character is the hanzi. Ryulong was correct in removing the addition by Count Dooku because of this point. السلام عليكم revert is wrong. Dylanwhs (talk) 22:39, 19 October 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: Actually, the script for many is the Latin alphabet. Is Hakka ever written in Chinese characters? I'm only aware of Classical Chinese, Mandarin, Cantonese, and Hokkien being written hanzi. kwami (talk) 22:45, 19 October 2008 (UTC)
replies: text:  If you've ever perused the Ethnologue site, you'll see that there are versions of the bible, written in Hakka in hanzi script, ipso facto, yes, Hakka has been written in Chinese characters. There is a whole body of missionary publications that exists, primers, dictionaries and the like, but for the majority, out of print. Dylanwhs (talk) 08:10, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: I don't see anything except Roman. kwami (talk) 08:22, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
replies: text:  http://www.worldscriptures.org/john1-jpgs/chinesehakka.jpgThe second sentence "Tho lau Song Ti thung chhai..." : this is a Hakka construction, 'lau' means 'with'. This is passage shows the translation of the first few lines of John chapter 1. I don't particularly like the translation in which the traditional Chinese concept of 道 is bastardised in translation into 'The Word' of God. Dylanwhs (talk) 21:37, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: Cool. Thanks. kwami (talk) 22:07, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  Script : Hanzi 

message: In my recent edit, please note that tone sandhi is incorporated into the vocabulary items. This means that from looking at the original tone contours or the tone letters that kwamikagami has later added, it isn't immediately apparent. Only a comparison of the sandi change charts will show you which syllables have changed. Dylanwhs (talk) 09:39, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  Vocabulary edits 28 Oct 2008 

message: Can somebody please put some vernacular Hakka sentences with the similar Cantonese sentences and the Mandarin sentences in the article? Sonic99 (talk) 03:56, 4 December 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  Need Written Hakka Sentences in the Article 

message: === 客家话与古汉语的关系 ===
客家话继承了较多古汉语的特性，如完整的入声韵尾  。一般认为，客家话和後期中古汉语（唐宋二代為準）之间的承襲关系较为明显。用客家话朗诵中古汉语的作品，如唐诗、宋词，韵律方面比官話、普通话要吻合得多。
: Hakka preserves more Old Chinese traits，having a full compliment of Ru Tone/Entering Tone endings . Some say Hakka and late Middle Chinese（the sound system of the Tang-Song eras /Tang and Song Dynasties]] as the standard court language）have close similiarities。Using Hakka to read Middle Chinese works of poetry，for instance Tang Shi, Song Ci，the rhyming prosedy compared to Mandarin (Putonghua) is considerably better.
粵語同樣保留有中古漢語的入聲 IPA [-p]、[-t]、[-k] 。比較起來，則是客家話比粵語更趨古老、更接近中古漢語。試以聲母為例，疑母 IPA [ŋ-](/ng-/) 字在官話完全消失，客家話保留了疑母字，最明顯例子是「魚」，普通話或粵無論語都丟失疑母 [ŋ-] 而讀 /yu/ (IPA [jy])，但是客家話仍然讀 [ŋu]。在粵語則因為不分疑母和喻母、難以判斷是否古音。又如非母 [f-] 在唐末之前並未出現，即所謂「古無輕唇音」，客家話大部分有 [f-] 音，為數甚多。個別例外如「飯」，無論粵語或普通話同讀 [fan]，但客家話則讀 [pʰan]，可見客家話仍然保留了少量「古無輕唇音」的狀態，芳母 [pʰ-] 仍極少分化出非母 [f-]。
: Yue dialects also preserve the Middle Chinese Ru tone endings IPA [-p]、[-t]、[-k]. However in comparison, Hakka dialects are more conservative than Yue dialects, and better match Middle Chinese sounds. For instance consider the Middle Chinese 疑 IPA [ŋ-](/ng-/) initial, it has been completely in Mandarin, Hakka still preserves the 疑 initial readings. As an illustration of this, the character 「魚」(fish) the Middle Chinese ng- initial does not survive in Mandarin or Yue dialects, and is pronounced in each as /yu/ (IPA [jy]), however, in Hakka, it is pronounced [ŋu]. In Yue because there is no distinction in the Middle Chinese 疑 and 喻 initial character readings, it is hard to ascertain which MC initial the modern reading derives from. Also, the 非 intial [f-] this initial had not appeared yet at the end of the Tang, and often refered to as 「古無輕唇音」"there were no labial dentals in Old Chinese", although on the whole Hakka has mostly [f-] initial readings. There are instances such as 「飯」 (cooked rice) which is pronounced [fan] in Yue and Putonghua, however in Hakka, it can be read [pʰan] which illustrates that Hakka has preserved a small number of readings that follows the rule that there were no labiodentals in language of the ancients, so 芳 [pʰ] initial are few, as most have become [f-] initials in the modern Hakka language.. 
進一步比較——
「吠」字：客家話 [pʰui]，日本吳音 [bai]，日本漢音 [hai]，閩南語的汕頭話 [hui]，閩東語的福州話 [hie]，吳語的溫州話及上海話為 [vi]，粵語廣州話 [fai]，北京話、南京話及蘭州話 [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》（北京：商務印書館，1940，1994，2003），頁586。
: 「吠」character：Hakka [pʰui]，Japanese Go-on [bai]，Japanese Kan-on [hai]，Shantou dialect of Minnan  [hui]，Fuzhou dialect of MinDong [hie]，Wenzhou dialect and Shanghainese Wu為 [vi]，YueCantonese [fai]，Beijing dialect、Nanjing dialect and Lanzhou dialect [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》（北京：商務印書館，1940，1994，2003），頁586。
:「肥」character：Hakka [pʰui]，Japanese Go-on [bi]，Japanese Kan-on [hi]，Shantou and Fuzhou dialects [pui]，Literary pronunciation of Shanghainese Wu [vi]，Colloquial [bi]，Yue Cantonese [fei]，Beijing dialect、Nanjing dialect and Lanzhou dialect [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》，頁565。
: Please correct my translation on a separate line if it doesn't seem right. There are several things I disagree with, the most major point being the time when the labiodentals first appeared. Scholars have placed this at around the middle of the Tang dynasty, I agree with them. The reading for 「飯」as [ pʰan ] / [ pʰɔn ] may be limited to the HoiLiuk dialects of Hakka. For the character 「魚」(fish), most Hakka dialects pronounce it as [ ŋ ], though my wife's dialect it is pronounced as [ ŋju ] and so preserves the Third Deng palatisation that is found in Middle Chinese. 
: In comparison to Yue, Hakka preserves the Third Deng palatal segment better than Cantonese. However, most if not all modern Chinese languages cannot differentiate the Fourth Deng. For that, one needs to see Korean and Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese characters. Dylanwhs (talk) 00:42, 27 June 2010 (UTC)
thread_title: For discussion and translation

message: 客家话继承了较多古汉语的特性，如完整的入声韵尾  。一般认为，客家话和後期中古汉语（唐宋二代為準）之间的承襲关系较为明显。用客家话朗诵中古汉语的作品，如唐诗、宋词，韵律方面比官話、普通话要吻合得多。
: Hakka preserves more Old Chinese traits，having a full compliment of Ru Tone/Entering Tone endings . Some say Hakka and late Middle Chinese（the sound system of the Tang-Song eras /Tang and Song Dynasties]] as the standard court language）have close similiarities。Using Hakka to read Middle Chinese works of poetry，for instance Tang Shi, Song Ci，the rhyming prosedy compared to Mandarin (Putonghua) is considerably better.
粵語同樣保留有中古漢語的入聲 IPA [-p]、[-t]、[-k] 。比較起來，則是客家話比粵語更趨古老、更接近中古漢語。試以聲母為例，疑母 IPA [ŋ-](/ng-/) 字在官話完全消失，客家話保留了疑母字，最明顯例子是「魚」，普通話或粵無論語都丟失疑母 [ŋ-] 而讀 /yu/ (IPA [jy])，但是客家話仍然讀 [ŋu]。在粵語則因為不分疑母和喻母、難以判斷是否古音。又如非母 [f-] 在唐末之前並未出現，即所謂「古無輕唇音」，客家話大部分有 [f-] 音，為數甚多。個別例外如「飯」，無論粵語或普通話同讀 [fan]，但客家話則讀 [pʰan]，可見客家話仍然保留了少量「古無輕唇音」的狀態，芳母 [pʰ-] 仍極少分化出非母 [f-]。
: Yue dialects also preserve the Middle Chinese Ru tone endings IPA [-p]、[-t]、[-k]. However in comparison, Hakka dialects are more conservative than Yue dialects, and better match Middle Chinese sounds. For instance consider the Middle Chinese 疑 IPA [ŋ-](/ng-/) initial, it has been completely in Mandarin, Hakka still preserves the 疑 initial readings. As an illustration of this, the character 「魚」(fish) the Middle Chinese ng- initial does not survive in Mandarin or Yue dialects, and is pronounced in each as /yu/ (IPA [jy]), however, in Hakka, it is pronounced [ŋu]. In Yue because there is no distinction in the Middle Chinese 疑 and 喻 initial character readings, it is hard to ascertain which MC initial the modern reading derives from. Also, the 非 intial [f-] this initial had not appeared yet at the end of the Tang, and often refered to as 「古無輕唇音」"there were no labial dentals in Old Chinese", although on the whole Hakka has mostly [f-] initial readings. There are instances such as 「飯」 (cooked rice) which is pronounced [fan] in Yue and Putonghua, however in Hakka, it can be read [pʰan] which illustrates that Hakka has preserved a small number of readings that follows the rule that there were no labiodentals in language of the ancients, so 芳 [pʰ] initial are few, as most have become [f-] initials in the modern Hakka language.. 
進一步比較——
「吠」字：客家話 [pʰui]，日本吳音 [bai]，日本漢音 [hai]，閩南語的汕頭話 [hui]，閩東語的福州話 [hie]，吳語的溫州話及上海話為 [vi]，粵語廣州話 [fai]，北京話、南京話及蘭州話 [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》（北京：商務印書館，1940，1994，2003），頁586。
: 「吠」character：Hakka [pʰui]，Japanese Go-on [bai]，Japanese Kan-on [hai]，Shantou dialect of Minnan  [hui]，Fuzhou dialect of MinDong [hie]，Wenzhou dialect and Shanghainese Wu為 [vi]，YueCantonese [fai]，Beijing dialect、Nanjing dialect and Lanzhou dialect [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》（北京：商務印書館，1940，1994，2003），頁586。
:「肥」character：Hakka [pʰui]，Japanese Go-on [bi]，Japanese Kan-on [hi]，Shantou and Fuzhou dialects [pui]，Literary pronunciation of Shanghainese Wu [vi]，Colloquial [bi]，Yue Cantonese [fei]，Beijing dialect、Nanjing dialect and Lanzhou dialect [fei]。高本漢 B. Karlgen著，趙元任、羅常培、李方桂譯：《中國音韻學研究》，頁565。
: Please correct my translation on a separate line if it doesn't seem right. There are several things I disagree with, the most major point being the time when the labiodentals first appeared. Scholars have placed this at around the middle of the Tang dynasty, I agree with them. The reading for 「飯」as [ pʰan ] / [ pʰɔn ] may be limited to the HoiLiuk dialects of Hakka. For the character 「魚」(fish), most Hakka dialects pronounce it as [ ŋ ], though my wife's dialect it is pronounced as [ ŋju ] and so preserves the Third Deng palatisation that is found in Middle Chinese. 
: In comparison to Yue, Hakka preserves the Third Deng palatal segment better than Cantonese. However, most if not all modern Chinese languages cannot differentiate the Fourth Deng. For that, one needs to see Korean and Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese characters. Dylanwhs (talk) 00:42, 27 June 2010 (UTC)
thread_title:  客家话与古汉语的关系 

message: Studies of languages cannot be made in isolation, and any discussion of the origins of the Hakka languages cannot be meaningful without reference to the excellent work done by the French scholar Laurent Sagart, who has completed a thesis on the relationship between Hakka & Gan. Here is the abstract -
Dialect Variations in Chinese, 129-153
Papers from the Third International Conference on Sinology, Linguistics Section
2002-4-001-002-000034-2
Gan, Hakka and the Formation of Chinese Dialects*
Laurent Sagart
Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales 
The author argues that Hakka and southern Gan are sister dialects, as they share several innovations not found elsewhere; that they arose out of the Chinese dialect spoken in central Jiangxi in Song times, a stratified dialect which included a non-Chinese substratum, probably Miao-Yao; an archaic layer; and a more recent layer with an important Late Middle Chinese component. It is claimed that the linguistic boundary between southern Gan and Hakka arose secondarily due to the effect of an old administrative and geographical boundary. It is also argued that Hakka devoicing took place in the south, when Hakka was in contact with the Miao-Yao language She, and that the old dialect of the city of Ganzhou may have played an important role in the formation of Hakka.
Full Text :
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:9bzGBVtaKIkJ:www.ling.sinica.edu.tw/eip/FILES/journal/2007.6.23.69666688.9376562.pdf+hakka+middle+chinese&hl=en&gl=sg&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgorYtROtzce-mWRBkmBl_rwG9LX6URXbG3KN_tKcPr66iGzmwttZ8vzji0knXRBOIanZM_Zudu1yWwCGyrMw4VRSlrl6ScCqfeCn0E0LgOVN1gaL4Ij8YD08o9bU12m8HbA8Kh&sig=AHIEtbRxkI1C9AV5aUxz0Cizb5qOo7YFZA  — Preceding unsigned comment added by WayneYLeigh (talk • contribs) 09:43, 28 December 2010 (UTC)
thread_title:  Relationship between Hakka & Gan Languages 

message: Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 2 external links on Hakka Chinese. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20040302073840/http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/hakga/meixian-phonology.htm to http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/hakga/meixian-phonology.htm
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070503123125/http://sii-tien.lomaji.com/ to http://sii-tien.lomaji.com/
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Cheers.—InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 06:21, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
thread_title:  External links modified 

message: For example, in the top right info box in this page, the Ethnologue version is the 19th. And the current version as of now is the 21st. Can there be some algorithm getting the numbers from the current version?  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Llf (talk • contribs) 21:06, 4 February 2019 (UTC)
thread_title:  Use the numbers in current version of Ethnologue