Talk:British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition

message: BANZARE 1st Cruise - With the SY Discovery 1929 -1930 - by Eric Douglas 
 
Expedition first mooted by Australian National Research Council - Sir Douglas Mawson was invited to take command. SY Discovery made available by British Government.
Name of Expedition - B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. British Australian, New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition.
Organization - Organization carried out mainly by Sir Douglas Mawson during the years 1928 &1929. Sir D Mawson, Commander & Leader of Expedition.
Ships Company - Captain J.K. Davis, Captain & Master of S.Y. Discovery. 
Ships Officers & Crew selected in England by Capt J.K. Davis. Mainly drawn from the British Mercantile.
Scientific Staff - Australians selected by Discovery Committee. 
Capt Hurley & Mr Marr joined ship in England. 
Prof Johnson & Mr Fletcher - Biologists
Dr Ingram - Medical Officer & Bacteriologist
Commander Moyes R.A.N. - Surveying Officer
Mr Howard - Chemist
F/Lt Campbell & F/O Douglas R.A.A.F. - Seaplane operations
Mr Simmers - Meteorologist - nominated by New Zealand Government
Mr Falla - Ornithologist - nominated by New Zealand Government
Object of Expedition - 
1/ Continuation of Sir D Mawson’s Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 1912 - 1914. Embracing :-
2/ Oceanographical survey of waters south of Australia and South Africa and Antarctic coast
3/ Examination of Sub-Antarctic Islands
4/ Delineation of this sector of Antarctic coastline
5/ Study of Whaling possibilities
6/ Meteorological data, magnetic & cosmic ray survey. 
Note: Wintering on Antarctic continent never contemplated.
Description of Ship - 3 masted Barkquentine. Tonnage approx 1900 tons
Length 175 ft Breadth 34ft Draught 18ft
Engines Steam triple expanding 400 H.P. Normal speed 5 1/2 Knots. 
Owned by Falkland Is Government & loaned to British Government for 2 years.
Ship first used by the late Capt Scott in years 1900 - 1904.
Built specially for Polar work & capable of withstanding enormous pressure when beset in ice. Entirely constructed of wood except engine room. Hull built of three layers of different wood. Sides approx 2ft 6in bottom 3ft. Bows solid for 10ft. Cross beams 10in by 10in oak 7ft apart and three beams in a layer from the keel.
Start of Expedition - Ship departed England early in August 1929 & arrived Cape Town S Africa early in October 1929. Scientific party travelled by passenger steamer from Australia to Cape Town. 
Ship departed Cape Town 19th Oct 1929 & arrived off Possession Is Crozet Group Nov 2nd. Scientific Party ashore for one day. Foreshore thick with Sea Elephants. First view of Penguins.
Departed Nov 4th for Kerguelen Is 700 miles away. First snow & becoming colder. Warm clothes issued out. Ship averaging 140 miles per day.
Saturday 9th Nov 1929 - Sighted Kerguelen but driven northward by South gale. 
Eventually arrived off Royal Sound 12th Nov. Steamed 20 miles up winding Fiord to old Whaling station Jeanne D'Arc. Coal left here by a ship going south. Cardiff briquettes 500 tons. This Island belongs to France. Controlled by Governor of Madagascar. Size 80 miles by 40 miles. Wonderfully pretty, inland lakes and Glaciers. Mainland overrun with rabbits, seals scarce, penguins on Islands.
Departed 24th Nov 1929 - Ship low in water with heavy cargo of coal. Heading for Heard Is (British). 
Early on morning of 26th Nov sighted Heard Is. Wonderful sight, rugged coast with huge glaciers running into the sea. Highest peak approx 7000ft. Island about 20 miles long & six across. Scientific party ashore, meaning to stay two days, weather bad. Ship puts to sea to weather out gale. Barometer down to 28.4in. Camped on a peninsular. Studied sea elephant, penguins, skua gulls etc. Shot my first sea leopard, savage creature. Ship arrives back and Party get aboard on 3rd Dec.
Heading S.E. - Becoming colder each day, roughly 10 degrees F for every 100 miles south.
Dec 7th 1929 - Sighted first ice berg. First honour to Capt Hurley.
Dec 9th 1929 - Met first pack ice. Old pack, very broken. More ice bergs of increasing size. 1/4 mile long 150ft out of water, deep blue colour in crevasses. More birds in vicinity.
Dec 12th 1929 - Pack more consolidated, ships progress slower. Whales sporting in pack ice pools. Navigating ship by water sky and ice blink.
Sun setting about 11PM. Beautiful sunsets especially in calm of evening. Echo soundings. Winds S.E.
Dec 17th 1929 - Moth seaplane unpacked & commenced to assemble m/c.
Dec 20th 1929 - Heavy going in pack only making 40 miles per day south.
Dec 24th to 26th 1929 - Held fast in pack. Waiting for ice to break up.
Dec 29th 1929 - On the 80th meridian of east Longitude and near Antarctic Circle (66 1/2 South). Air Temp
down to 28 degrees F.
Dec 31st 1929 - Carried out first reconnaissance flight. Great assistance to ship. Sighted apparent land 80 miles to south over unbroken pack. Impossible for ship to get through.
Jan 2nd 1930 - Ship steaming to westward
Jan 4th 1930 - Nunataks (Rocky peaks) sighted from mast head 30 miles east of Kemp's reported land.
Jan 5th 1930 - More flying carried out, surveying coastline.
Jan 7th 1930 - Aeroplane damaged by ice falling from masts, spars & rigging.
Jan 11th 1930 - First sight of killer whales. Land 20 miles away.
Jan 13th 1930 - Steaming along coast of Enderby land. Antarctic continent showing up clearly, visibility wonderful.
Jan 14th 1930 - Met Norwegian research ship "Norvegia" Capt Riiser Larsen. She was equipped with two seaplanes.
Jan 18th to 22nd 1930 - Driven off coast by S.E. blizzard. Unfortunate at this time.
Jan 24th 1930 - Off a huge rock we named Proclamation rock. Seaplane flown securing splendid photos. Landing party raises British flag on land and Sir Douglas proclaims this land for the British Empire.
MacRobertson Land - East of this rock he named MacRobertson land. Coal reserve becoming low. 
Jan 27th 1930 - Ship headed away for Kerguelen Is. Last view of Antarctic coast. Mountain peaks showing up clear. Hours of darkness, running through ice berg infested area. Ship making good progress under sail & steam. 
Feb 7th 1930 - The distant snow covered peaks of Kerguelen Is showing up. Gale coming on from North west but ship makes Royal Sound safely.
Feb 8th 1930 - Ship moored to jetty at Jeanne D'Arc. Overhaul of engines & boilers. Coaling ship in readiness to sweep south again towards Queen Mary land on way home. Happy days spent ashore exploring inland parts of this wonderful Island. Aeroplane assembled & floats. More snow around, especially on high ground. Fierce winds from west.
Feb 21st 1930 - Farewell to Jeanne D'Arc. Ship steams round 40 miles to Observatory Bay. Visits to Christmas Harbour and Murray Is (Capt Cook anchored here in 1771 on Xmas day)
March 2nd 1930 - Departed from Kerguelen Is. Winter too far advanced to go south so course shaped for Albany W. Australia.
Mar 23rd 1930 - Getting into warmer regions. Change into better clothes. Longing for a feed of fresh food. Tinned foods are not satisfying over a long period. Eggs still appear on Menu but only in form of curried eggs etc. Meet P&O S.S. Cathay in Bight, fresh food & papers dropped & picked up by us. Very welcome.
April 1st 1930 - Arrived at Port Adelaide. Unloaded scientific specimens.
Departed Adelaide April 3rd & arrived Port Melbourne 8th April.
Finish of 1st Cruise
	                                                                              
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