Talk:Macropsia

message: While reviewing your topic, I became interested in the physiology behind how the Epstein-Barr virus may contribute to AIWS.  This research article may provide additional information, particulary clinical observations, about the manifestation of macropsia.  Specifically, MRIs of Epstein-Barr Virus patients possessing AIWS symptoms demonstrated "transient T2 prolongation and swelling of the cerebral cortex".
Atsushi Kamei, Makoto Sasaki, Manami Akasaka, Shoichi Chida. Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging in a child with Alice in Wonderland syndrome following Epstein-Barr virus infection No to hattatsu. Brain and development. 2002 Jul;34(4): 348-52
Patrick Raab 01:32, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 1

message: Thanks for your input Mr Raab. Information from your helpful article has been included under the section which discusses macropsia caused by viruses.I tried to keep to keep it general however, since I could only access the abstract.Sunderv (talk) 17:36, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: I found your article very interesting and thorough.  I am curious if there are any outward signs an observer can look for to confirm that a macropsia sufferer is having an episode.  Is there a noticeable change in behavior on the part of the sufferer?  Does the sufferer's pupils dilate/constrict?  In the study you mentioned with the anorexic woman's Zolpidem-induced macropsia episodes, did the researchers have to go by the patient's word alone concerning the severity of her episodes when the dosage was of Zolpidem was decreased?  Aside from my curiosities, I thought this article was very well organized.  You may want to link to the micropsia page in the second sentence of your opening.
CafeDelMar (talk) 05:00, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 2

message: I addressed your questions as best I could under the "Prescription Drugs" subsection.  While only the woman's accounts of her episodes were used in the study presented, we are going to add a new section that discusses the more objective ways to diagnose macropsia.  The only external sign of the macropsia episode was nervousness, but this happened only during the first episode and was not related to macropsia, but instead by the shock of what was going on.  During the later episodes, the patient knew what was happening and remained calm.  No information was found concerning the dilation/constriction of pupils with regard macropsia. <P>  Philades (talk) 18:07, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: After reviewing your article I did some research to see what information I could find that related macropsia to the brain. Your thorough explanation of what goes on in the eye was very well written and described. However, I found while browsing some connections with the brain. As one of the comments above mentions, I found specific effects in the different parts of the brain that have been observed with patients affected by macropsia. This website may be of some assistance to lead you in further research: http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/433627/medical_conditions_with_psychiatric_manifestations/index.htmlMacropsia 
Another article I came across that involved a brain mechanism for macropsia is titled "Macropsia caused by Acute Posterior Cerebral Artery Infarction." I did not have access to the article but thought this may be of interest to your group and can enhance your article. I also agree with the comment that a diagram of the eye may be useless to the reader. Another suggestion I have that may or may not be of use to you is that it may be  helpful to move the Physiology Behind the Disease to a section earlier in the article, perhaps after Symptomology. Personally as I was reading the article I found myself wondering early on how the disease was being caused physiologically. Just a suggestion though. Otherwise, the article was well written and very detailed. Good job!  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Nalvarez (talk • contribs) 23:36, 29 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 3

message: Thanks for your input Nalvarez. I browsed the link you posted and I fond some info about macropsia as a symptom of Epstein Barr Virus, but we do have a section about that in your article as is. The physiology section has been moved so thank you for your suggestion. The article "Macropsia caused by Acute Posterior Cerebral Artery Infarction" is in Korean, and we do not have access to it either. We did, however, add a brief discussion about how lesions specifically in the occipital lobe may be tied to macropsia. This addition relates to the abstract of the article you suggested so thanks for your input.Sunderv (talk) 19:09, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: Under “Psychologicacl Effects” you mention biophysiological contraction. Define this more clearly, as it is an incomplete explanation as is.
Reread the entire article for typos (there were quite a few). Pay particular attention to the Migraine section- it could be written so that it is more fluid and not so choppy.
How can macropsia help with diagnosis of epilepsy? Explain this.
You mention several times that it is usually females who experience symptoms. Did you find any information talking about why this is? Are there statistics that say that females are more likely to show these symptoms than males?
“Patients have reported significantly improved visual comfort associated with a correction of 5-10% of the aniseikonia” Are there any treatments besides this, since it only helps in 5-10% of the cases. I tried researching, but could not find any answers (only ones for micropsia) but it would be worthwhile for you to look into it.
The section “Physiology Behind The disease” should be moved to the beginning of the article right after symptomology, as this section would provide a good background for the causes. You state a lot of the same information in this section as you do in the Symptomology section, so I would suggest editing these sections to cut down on repeating information. 
Tothje (talk) 00:33, 30 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 4

message: Hi thanks for your comments Tothje. the concepts of biophysiological contraction and macropsia were uniquely presented in only one of our sources. The author of the quite old article argued that all lifeforms are governed by pulsatory contractions and expansions, and that when the psyche is affected by stimuli it responds with a contraction or expansion. Thus, macropsia is essentially a mental construct. I found the article amusing yet in conflict with our other numerous sources. That is why I made brief mention of the concept yet did not dwell on it as a vital cause of macropsia. Here is a link containing an excerpt from the article.http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pdf_extract/122/1/111. Sunderv (talk) 18:04, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: I found your article to be very interesting but I had some questions while I was reading. First, I think you should clarify exactly what a person sees when they suffer from macropsia. Do all objects, including people, around them look enlarged? Is it just selected objects? Only objects are not people? I think clarifying this right in the introduction would be beneficial to the reader. I agree with one of the above comments that you should move the physiology section higher up in the article. I think it is important to know how the eye is affected before you go into the causes and such. Additionally, I think that you should include in the causes section maybe the biological connection between the causes and macropsia? For example, how does the drug affect the cones of the eye to cause macropsia? Also, I do not believe you mentioned this in your article but in which case is macropsia permanent? It seems to me that many of the causes of macropsia are temporary, so in which cases does the patient undergo the treatment that you outlined in the paper? Also I found one of your symptoms in particular to be a little confusing to understand from a reader’s perspective. It seems as though you are contradicting yourself in the psychological effects subsection. When I first started reading it states that macropsia might be a psychological phenomenon and then a few sentences later you say that macropsia is not caused by psychosis. It seems as though most of your information for that section is good but perhaps stating it in a different way would make it easier for the reader to understand. Lastly, there were quite a few typos and grammatical errors so I would just read over it again and look out for those. Overall, good job and I hope these suggestions help.Msprockel (talk) 20:39, 30 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 5 - image appearance question

message: Macropsia does not cause a person to see sporadic random items increased in size, but rather the certain field of vision affected by macropsia distorts all items, be them people or not, to be seen as larger than normal.  I added that to the information like you suggested.  Through our research, we did not come across any biological pathways that explain the connections between drugs and macropsia.  As you acknowledged, most cases of macropsia are indeed temporary, lasting only as long as the underlying cause lasts.  However, surgically-induced macropsia can be permanent. The confusion surrounding the psychological affects has been fixed so as to eliminate confusion.  <P>Philades (talk) 19:55, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: Overall, I found your page to be very informative, detailed, and well-written. My suggestions mainly deal with points of clarification and/or elaboration:
In the SYMPTOMOLOGY section, you may want to highlight the typical age at which this condition arises… and if one does not exist, perhaps indicate how the time of onset varies according to the specific cause that aggravated the condition. Also, it would be helpful to include more information about the frequency and/or duration of the hallucinations that classify macropsia, specifically with respect to cases that arise without a connection to drug usage: how often to hallucinations occur? Do incidences of hallucination increase over time? Lastly, the term “intolerable rivalry” is used in the last sentence of the second paragraph – it would be helpful to define or clarify this terminology for the reader.
In the PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS section, it would be helpful to clarify whether or not psychological conditions actually cause macropsia, because the way the information is presented is a bit unclear. At first, it is stated that: “It has even been stated that macropsia may be an entirely psychological pathological phenomenon without any structural defect or definite cause.” But a few sentences later, it is stated that: “Psychological conditions are often caused by macropsia, but do not cause macropsia.” These viewpoints appear contradictory, so I would either reword this section so that one clearly emerges as the “correct” position, or clearly state that opposing positions exist.
In the PHYSIOLOGY SECTION, you may want to include a basic diagram of the anatomy of the eye, so that the reader can physically orient their understanding of the physiology behind the disease within the body. 
Haworthk (talk) 16:39, 29 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 6

message: Hi thanks for your comments. We found no evidence in our sources that any specific age group is more likely to have macropsia. The duration of the episodes does depend on the specific cause. Once a drug leaves, drug induced macropsia usually fades. If the cause is migraine, the macropsia is usually associated with the aura before the migraine which can last 15 minutes or so. Some of our sources specifically stated that the duration of episodes varies. Therefore, it is probably best not to generalize the duration of macropsia outside of relating it to a specific condition. There is an apparent contradiction in the article when it is stated that macropsia may be entirely a psychological manifestation. This was the argument of only one author of our sources. It is mentioned that the theory has been scrutinized. Thanks Sunderv (talk) 19:39, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Response

message: *You may want to place the Physiology Behind the Disease section earlier in your article.
*Are there any diagnostic tests available for macropsia?  I found one test that can be used called the Amsler Grid Test.  A patient’s diagnosis is dependent upon what he or she sees when looking at the series of grids.
*Since macropsia is often times a symptom of other conditions and disorders, is it common for physicians to treat the primary condition?  Does this then rid the patient of the macropsia?
*Some research suggests that carotenoids may be a possible treatment in restoring retinal function and morphology conditions such as macropsia.  One carotenoid in particular is astaxanthin that may have the ability to protect the photoreceptor cells of the retina.  This treatment may be helpful with age related macular degeneration, which has the symptom of macropsia.  There is not a lot of information on the Internet concerning carotenoids as a possible 
Katie1341 (talk) 16:57, 29 November 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment 7

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