Talk:Eyemouth disaster

message: (Cut n paste from Reference Desk, in hopes it will be useful (Wetman 04:16, 21 May 2007 (UTC)
thread_title: Comment

message: you should really refer to Black Friday by Peter Aitchison for a full account of Britain's worst fishing disaster.
Eyemouth, a little port situated on the headlands of Berwickshire in south-east Scotland, was renowned for the courage and tenacity of its fishing fleet, men who had a reputation for putting to sea in conditions that made all others cling to the safety of harbour.  But the storms of 1881 were particularly bad, and the fleet had been confined to harbour for days.  Finally, at dawn on 14 October, conditions seemed to be improving and the little boats all put to sea, despite the fact that the pierhead barometer signalled that the weather was about to change for the worse.  The fishermen were willing to take the risk, which is precisely why the Eyemouth fleet enjoyed such a high reputation, and why the port had become so successful as a base for the white fishing industry over the previous decades.  The reputation of the local fleet for daring and profit had caused many migrant fishing families to settle there in the 1860s and 1870s, putting an extra strain on the tiny, inadequate harbour.  For once the gamble failed: a terrible gale grew in intensity, swamping the boats.  Almost all the dead were from Eyemouth, which in a tiny community, magnified the scale of the disaster.  The dead left behind 90 widows of 300 children.  The tragedy aroused the pity of the nation.  A relief fund was set up, which drew in more than £50,000, a considerable sum for the day.  Even Queen Victoria donated £100.   
There is, however, another dimension to this story, which helped to contribute to the story of the lost fleet.  Eyemouth was the 'poor cousin' of the Scottish ports.  Ports like Wick, Fraserburgh, Anstruther and Dunbar had all improved their harbour facilities with the aid of grants from the Fishery Board and the Whitehall-based Public Works Loan Board.  Eyemouth, despite the fact that it was the base for Scotland's most successful fleet, received not a penny in state support because the harbour trust was bankrupt, and the fishermen in debt to the Church of Scotland.  The Church still had a right to a tithe, a full tenth of the fishermen's incomes, though similar demands had long disappeared elsewhere.  This was the cause of much friction in the community and bitter legal disputes.  It was only resolved finally when the Church agreed to surrender its rights for a one off payment of £2000, not finally paid off until 1878.  During this time, while ports elsewhere were able to introduce harbour improvements, Eyemouth's remained wholly inadequate for the size of its fleet.  The fishermen were compelled to do as they had always done: take to sea in all weathers with no safe harbour run to if things went wrong.  The boats which tried to make it to the harbour on that October day were swamped on the rocks which served to guard the bay, in sight of their families standing on the shore.  A local journalist noted "The terrible sight created a profound impression on the shore, where now women and children realising the perilous position of husbands and sons and brothers still at sea, were running about and weeping in wild distraction."  It was a tragedy whose causes were human as well as natural.  Clio the Muse 11:35, 20 May 2007 (UTC)
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