Talk:Garcinia gummi-gutta

message: A previous contributor removed the line:
:"a study in 1998 (Garcinia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a Potential Antiobesity Agent, JAMA 280: 1596-1600, by Steven B. Heymsfield, MD, et al.) found no statistically significant difference in weight loss between those given the compound and those given a placebo."
"Because there is no mention of what kind of study or who conducted it."  This supposition was incorrect. I visited the link directly and readily found the information. (*Click the link to author affiliations on above citation:From the Department of Medicine, Obesity Research Center, St Luke's–Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.)
I highly recommend you read the pdf at the following link regarding nomination to the National Toxicology Program of Garcinia Cambogia Extract as an alternative to ephedra - it shows no differences in body weight on treated mice, no change in anti-oxidant enzymes, and no common adverse effects of use of GCE.  As such, it might be worth a try - if it can't hurt you, right? 
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs/chem_background/exsumpdf/garciniacambogiaext_508.pdf
Garcinia Cambogia does reduce weight. But I am not adding it because I too do not have any study at the moment that proves it loses weight, except for my personal experience where I lost 10 kgs in 25 days. I used to eat the dried version around 2-3gms before each meal(3times a day). I am searching for a study conducted by a noted Indian Doctor who recomends the malabar tamarind as the only safe anti-obesity supplement which works.
I only tried this without any fear because I had a pdf file which i downloaded from one the american army's .gov sites. It recomended Garcinia cambogia as a way to loose weight fast. It said that consuming 5 gms a day can give upto 1 pound weight loss everyday.
I just cannot find that pdf file. I will search it among my old dvds and will get back and edit this page.
I think this is some sort of disinformation campaign because as far as i know it does help loose weight and so fast that it is unbelievable. This is a real wonder plant. 125.22.203.254, 09:48, February 13, 2007 (UTC)
: I have added more information, including about the dangers of Hydroxycitric Acid. -- Brangifer (talk) 19:00, 3 May 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  First remarks 

message: It looks like everybody gets the scientific name wrong.  From what I can tell, the plant was first described by Linnaeus with the name Cambogia gummi-gutta.  In 1792, Desrousseaux published the name Garcinia cambogia () apparently ( using an epithet previously established by Gaertner (presumably Gaertner's name for it was Cambogia cambogia). Desrousseaux and Gaertner were not justified in changing the species epithet to "cambogia". In 1814, Roxburgh transferred it to the genus Garcinia, it became Garcinia gummi-gutta (), which should be the first case where it was published in Garcinia with the proper species epithet. However, Robson is also credited with publishing Garcinia gummi-gutta in 1962 (). Unfortunately, my library doesn't have volume 20 of Brittonia, where Robson published, so I'm not sure what's going on with Robson's name. Garcinia cambogia remains for more widely used in the literature, and when Garcinia gummi-gutta appears, it is almost always credited to Robson, not Roxburgh.Plantdrew (talk) 21:20, 16 April 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Scientific name 

message: I added some mention of Dr. Oz's promoting this plant as a weight loss aid. It could be phrased better, but I think the article need more content describing the recent media hype (and debunking bogus medical claims). Traffic was ~150 hits a days prior to October 2012. Traffic spiked on October 29 2012 (), and has climbed to 1500 hits/day in recent months. Traffic spiked again on 23 May 2013 () and is now running 4000+ hits/day). The article is receiving a lot of attention right now, and could use a lot of work. Plantdrew (talk) 03:59, 1 June 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Media attention 

message: Should it be a tropical species, not suubtropical, Indonesia is entirely tropical. (unsigned)
:Good point. I've added a citation that says it is native to tropical Asia. Sminthopsis84 (talk) 13:36, 16 August 2013 (UTC)
thread_title: Subtropical?

message: The following proposed section follows the Wikipedia Manual of Style of drugs, medications and devices.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Medicine-related_articles#Drugs.2C_medications_and_devices 
The fruit’s dried rind contains Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the active ingredient that claims to have weight loss effects.  Chuah LO, Ho WY, Beh BK, Yeap SK. Updates on antiobesity effect of garcinia origin (−)-HCA.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:751658. doi: 10.1155/2013/751658.
===Contraindications===
*Allergy/hypersensitivity to Garcinia Cambogia.
===Adverse Effects===
When taken orally, Garcinia has been shown to cause the following:  Soni MG, Burdock GA, Preuss HG, Stohs SJ, Ohia SE, Bagchi D. Safety assessment of (-)-hydroxycitric acid and Super CitriMax®, a novel calcium/potassium salt. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2004;42(9):1513–1529.
*Nausea
*GI upset/discomfort
*Headache
===Overall safety and dosage===
According to Food and Chemical Toxicology paper on safety assessment of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), animal and human studies indicate that HCA consumption of up to 2800 mg/day is safe in humans.  Soni MG, Burdock GA, Preuss HG, Stohs SJ, Ohia SE, Bagchi D. Safety assessment of (-)-hydroxycitric acid and Super CitriMax®, a novel calcium/potassium salt. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2004;42(9):1513–1529.
Safety: When taken orally using the rind, HCA is likely to be safe.  Heymsfield, S. B., Allison, D. B., Vasselli, J. R., Pietrobelli, A., Greenfield, D., and Nunez, C. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 11-11-1998;280(18):1596-1600. 
Possibly unsafe: HCA theories of having hypoglycemic action render it potentially harmful to patients with diabetes mellitus.  Heymsfield, S. B., Allison, D. B., Vasselli, J. R., Pietrobelli, A., Greenfield, D., and Nunez, C. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 11-11-1998;280(18):1596-1600. 
In general, there is heterogeneity with Garcinia dosing across studies and there is no well-known standardization. 
===Interactions===
In a case report, a patient taking herbal medicine with 50% HCA experienced an incidence of rhabdomolysis. Based on this finding, taking “statins” and HCA together may theoretically increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis.  Heymsfield, S. B., Allison, D. B., Vasselli, J. R., Pietrobelli, A., Greenfield, D., and Nunez, C. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 11-11-1998;280(18):1596-1600 
===Mechanism of Action===
HCA is believed to be a competitive inhibitor of the extramitochondrial enzyme called adenosine triphosphate-citrate pro-3s-lyase that is responsible for converting citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate.  Heymsfield, S. B., Allison, D. B., Vasselli, J. R., Pietrobelli, A., Greenfield, D., and Nunez, C. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 11-11-1998;280(18):1596-1600.  Such inhibition ultimately results in decreasing acetyl-CoA accessibility, which is a building block of fatty acid synthesis and lipogenesis.  Soni MG, Burdock GA, Preuss HG, Stohs SJ, Ohia SE, Bagchi D. Safety assessment of (-)-hydroxycitric acid and Super CitriMax®, a novel calcium/potassium salt. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2004;42(9):1513–1529.
HCA also claims to promote appetite suppression, but the mechanism is not well understood and has not been extensively studied in humans.  Mattes, R. D. and Bormann, L. Effects of (-)-hydroxycitric acid on appetitive variables. Physiol Behav. 10-1-2000;71(1-2):87-94. 
===Conclusion===
Weight reduction is not convincing and there is questionable clinical significance due to conflicting results as well as heterogeneity across studies.  Onakpoya I, Hung SK, Perry R, Wider B, Ernst E. The use of Garcinia extract (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Journal of Obesity. 2011;2011:9 pages.509038  Additionally, HCA-containing products in the market that claim weight loss properties also have other active ingredients. It is, therefore, difficult to specifically attribute weight loss results to Garcinia Cambogia alone. Further clinical studies must be conducted on a larger scale and at a longer duration of treatment in order to provide more definitive evidence of its weight loss effects.  Chuah LO, Ho WY, Beh BK, Yeap SK. Updates on antiobesity effect of garcinia origin (−)-HCA.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:751658. doi: 10.1155/2013/751658.
CharismaU (talk) 17:32, 3 November 2014 (UTC)
thread_title:  Proposed sections to include on the page 

message: Weight reduction is not convincing and there is questionable clinical significance due to conflicting results as well as heterogeneity across studies.  Onakpoya I, Hung SK, Perry R, Wider B, Ernst E. The use of Garcinia extract (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Journal of Obesity. 2011;2011:9 pages.509038  Additionally, HCA-containing products in the market that claim weight loss properties also have other active ingredients. It is, therefore, difficult to specifically attribute weight loss results to Garcinia Cambogia alone. Further clinical studies must be conducted on a larger scale and at a longer duration of treatment in order to provide more definitive evidence of its weight loss effects.  Chuah LO, Ho WY, Beh BK, Yeap SK. Updates on antiobesity effect of garcinia origin (−)-HCA.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:751658. doi: 10.1155/2013/751658.
CharismaU (talk) 17:32, 3 November 2014 (UTC)
thread_title: Conclusion

message: Can someone merge this Wikidata item (Q18187249) with Q2089493? It looks like I don't have editing privileges. Wildbill hitchcock (talk) 10:04, 13 March 2015 (UTC)
thread_title:  Merge in Wikidata 

message: It's questionable to use this verbiage, as the first source for this text in the article literally states the opposite. "The meta-analysis revealed a small, statistically significant difference in weight loss favouring HCA over placebo (MD: −0.88 kg; 95% CI: −1.75, −0.00)."  It goes on to say that the difference "is no longer statistically significant when only rigorous RCTs are considered," but of course the authors/researchers of those RCTs might dispute the idea that their RCTs are not "rigorous."
The second link  is not "clinical evidence"; it is another secondary source (drugs.com) that cites the first source as a primary reference, along with a literature review that states "in some analyzed works, there was observed that the GC showed positive effects on weight loss process, appetite reduction, body fat percentage, triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose levels, lipogenesis process, while others had no effect."  Fassina P, Scherer Adami F, Terezinha Zani V, et al. The effect of garcinia cambogia as coadjuvant in the weight loss process. Nutr Hosp. 2015 Dec 1;32(6):2400-8. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.6.9587. 
That said, it would probably be better to rephrase this to state that clinical evidence has provided mixed results. 172.58.22.202 (talk) 02:23, 19 February 2019 (UTC)
thread_title: "No Significant Effect on Weight Loss"

message: https://examine.com/supplements/garcinia-cambogia/
https://examine.com/supplements/garcinia-cambogia/research/#safety-and-toxicology
The plant is an established food in its native countries, with no reputation for being poisonous. We have articles on HCA and on Hydroxycut.
Drsruli (talk) 15:59, 13 June 2021 (UTC)
thread_title:  Ineffective Appetite Suppressant / No Observable Toxicity