Talk:Reduplication

message: Can't believe that the duplication character used in Thai: ๆ is not mentioned. The full name of this character is: ไม้ยมก , and is pronounced maya-mok. Example word that uses this character is: ใกล้ ๆ  , pronounced "glai-glai" which means "very near".  99.7.238.68 (talk) 21:45, 5 December 2011 (UTC)
thread_title: Thai

message: Instead of using an irregular example of a Greek verb, shouldn't a more regular one like luw be substituted? E.g. luw to leluka in the perfect.
:Maybe, although neither of them are very bright examples of reduplication. Probably we should look out for more prototypical examples of reduplication to use in the article.  — mark ✎ 15:38, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
replies: text: My understanding is that leipo, leloipa is a fairly obvious example of IE reduplication; the irregularity comes from the fact that it also exhibits vowel gradation in the past stem.  Perhaps this should be pointed out.  -- Smerdis of Tlön 19:55, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
thread_title:  leipo and leloipa 

message: Hi.
I suggest that this page be organized into different redup. types.  Maybe something like:
* partial redup
* total
* prefixal
* suffixal
* internal
* with or without non-iterative content
* segmental redup (C, CV, CVC)
* syllable/mora redup
* etc. etc.
Also a survey of some of the common functions & meanings of reduplication, as it is often iconic in meaning.
I'll provide a bibliography later, in case folks are interested. peace - Ish ishwar 20:50, 2005 Mar 10 (UTC)
: the list of examples is too long. needs pruning & moving to respective lang article.
: someone needs to edit the function section. it's poor. – ishwar  (speak) 01:05, 12 March 2009 (UTC)
thread_title: organization suggestion

message: Currently the article mentions the following:
:Mandarin Chinese also uses reduplication: 人 ren for "person", 人人 renren for "everybody". Japanese does it too: 時 toki "time", tokidoki 時々 "sometimes, from time to time". Note that in these languages reduplication is not a productive process, i. e. it's not part of a regular system.
I don't know about Japanese, but that last statement is not true for Chinese.  Reduplication has become idiomatic for nouns such as 人, but it is productive for other parts of speech.  Any measure word in Chinese can be reduplicated.  For instance 枝, the measure word for stick-like objects, can be used in the following manner:
:一枝筆 = One pencil
:枝枝筆 = Every pencil
Reduplication is also productive for verbs as well.  When verbs are reduplicated, it indicates a delimitative aspect.  For instance:
:看看 (look look) = to have a little look
:討論討論 (discuss discuss) = to have a little chat
Lastly, reduplication in adjectives serves to emphasize the adjective.  Is there a reason why the statement about reduplication as an unproductive process is there?  Does it apply only to Japanese? --Umofomia 10:31, 22 Mar 2005 (UTC)
replies: text: Since there hasn't been any response in a week, I've removed the statement. --Umofomia 09:48, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
thread_title:  Chinese reduplication 

message: Given a word, "x", duplication would produce "x x".  The prefix "re" has several meanings; undoing something (for example, a term familiar to Wikipedia, "revert"),or doing something again ("repeat").  Given "x" and its duplication generating "x x", it would be pointless for the "re" of "reduplication" to mean undo (thus generating the single "x") so it must mean to duplicate again (generating either "x x x" if you think only the original "x" is referenced or "x x x x" if the the result thus far is again duplicated).
The obvious question: Naming this process "duplication" would seem to be adequate, indeed logically  correct. Why was it named "reduplication"? 69.106.255.221 (talk) 04:45, 14 January 2008 (UTC)
replies: text: Reduplication is just the standard linguistic term, and has been for some time. It seems redundant, but there are other words in English like that too. 71.82.211.210 (talk) 06:54, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

text: (edit May 24th: I eternally seem to be getting this confused.  In fact it is the allophone that is the specific, and phoneme that is the abstract, the reverse of my comment here! — robbiemuﬃn page talk 14:28, 24 May 2008 (UTC)

text: 71.82.211.210 above is right: it is just the standard linguistic term at least since Pott's early comparative study of the phenomenon. See Pott, August Friedrich. 1862. Doppelung (Reduplikation, Gemination): Als eines der wichtigsten Bildungsmittel der Sprache, beleuchtet aus sprachen aller Welttheile. Meyer. — mark ✎ 09:15, 24 May 2008 (UTC)

text: If the standard term is logically wrong, why is it the standard term? And if the term "duplication" is "occasionally used," then why can't we use it as the name of the page? I am preparing some material for students, and it seems ridiculous and counterproductive to teach them about "reduplication." 188.239.0.177 (talk) 23:58, 15 February 2019 (UTC)
replies: text:  If you call it duplication, your students will be confused when they read anyone else's terms. 2620:15C:8:0:DFF4:1E9E:9279:181E (talk) 21:09, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
replies: text: The term "reduplication" is very firmly established in the literature. The logic of using the term "duplication" is clear, but it is the purpose of Wikipedia to report and explain the topic, not to try to change established terminology (even if the change might seem logical). So, the term "reduplication" must be maintained in this article. Pete unseth (talk) 14:25, 3 March 2020 (UTC)
thread_title:  Why "reduplication" when "duplication" would seem to be correct? 

message: I have used, and heard some other people use Finnish style reduplication (meaning 'genuine') in Polish. This is rather coincidence and not Finnish influence.--80.52.185.234 (talk) 07:33, 30 July 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  Polish 

message: The following words in :Category:Reduplicants are not currently mentioned in the article. I list them here as suggestions for inclusion if they are linguistically significant. 
* Rongorongo (Oceania)
* Beriberi (Sinhalese)
* Bling-bling (an example in modern English language) 
* Chin Chin and Puff Puff (Nigerian fried foods)
* Hunguhungu (Central America)
* Khoikhoi (Bushmen)
* Mai-Mai (Congo)
* Mau Mau Uprising (Kenya)
* Piri piri (Mozambique?)
* Toyi-toyi (Zimbabwe)
* Yorta Yorta (Australia)
:Category:Double-named places also has reduplicated places from several areas of the world. 
If the members of these categories are added to this article or made into new lists, then they may be speedily deleted; see CFD 20008 June 11. - Fayenatic (talk) 15:05, 22 June 2008 (UTC)
thread_title:  Words in [[:category:Reduplicants]] 

message: * Morphological Doubling Theory Ling.Nut (talk) 05:36, 27 August 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  redlink [[Morphological Doubling Theory]] 

message: Do nicknames / proper nouns count? In Chinese, it's common practice (at least among my wife's extended family) that people are called by their first name (first syllable of a typically three-syllable name), but doubled. For example, a person named Gao Ze Xin would be called Xin Xin by his family and friends. Should this kind of thing be mentioned in the article? — Loadmaster (talk) 15:38, 8 October 2009 (UTC)
replies: text: Sure, if it can be sourced. It's actually very common in European languages too (Lulu, Dodo, Mimi, etc.) +Angr 15:45, 8 October 2009 (UTC)
thread_title:  Chinese II 

message: This section is extremely overly-simplified and not accurate.  Here are some good examples soecific to Hindi:
हरेक लड़के को एक एक रूपया दो |  harek laDke ko ek ek rupiya do.  ek = one and saying ek ek doesn't mean "one one" but instead becomes "one to each".  from this book:  http://www.amazon.com/Teach-Yourself-Complete-Course-Package/dp/0071414126/ref=dp_cp_ob_b_title_2 page 210
Other good examples are कभी kabhi by itself means "often" but कभी कभी kabhi kabhi means "sometimes".
When adjectives are concerned, reduplication of said adjective makes a bigger meaning, i.e. बड़ी बड़ी आँखें baDi baDi aankhe.n means "really big eyes", whereas बड़ी आँखें baDi aankhe.n just means "big eyes".
Finally, I'm not sure if this is reduplication, but there is also the case of इश्क विश्क ishq vishq.  इश्क ishq by itself means romantic love, and विश्क by itself has no meaning.  Together, इश्क विश्क ishq vishq denotes a negative feeling towards romantic love (as in the English phrase money-schmoney denotes "who needs money").
I'd edit the Wikipedia page except I'm not sure how to pull Hindi out from under the Indo-Aryan title without totally messing up the feel of the article.  I hope what I wrote made sense.  :)
70.240.26.119 (talk) 05:53, 21 February 2010 (UTC)
thread_title: Indo-Aryan (and Dravidian) languages

message: A whole new sections could be added for reduplication in Sanskrit. More than any other language Indo-European or otherwise, Sanskrit demonstrates the use of reduplication in abundance.
The third conjugation of verbs (juhotyAdi) - dA - dadAti, dhA - dadhAti etc.
Perfect past tense - vac - uvAca, gam - jagAma, bhU - babhUva etc
Desideratives - pA - pipAsA, j~na - jij~nAsA
Frequentiatives - suShupti  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.218.103.41 (talk) 15:38, 14 May 2010 (UTC)
thread_title:  Reduplication in Sanskrit 

message: Hebrew תֹ֙הוּ֙ וָבֹ֔הוּ (tohu wabohu) is usually rendered in English as "formless and void".  The reason that this phrase may be an example of reduplication, and not merely of rhyme, is that "bohu" appears not to have any other meaning, and does not appear anywhere else in the Hebrew bible, except in this single phrase.  (This is all explained, with cites, at tohu wa-bohu.) It is possible, then, that "bohu" is a nonsense word, added as a reduplication to intensify the sense of "tohu", which means "vain" or "empty".  This is why I added the phrase to this article.
Does this make sense?  Is it plausible?  Does "tohu wabohu" seem more like an appropriate addition now?  Does anyone have any further thoughts?
Thanks, —Mark Dominus (talk) 01:27, 12 October 2011 (UTC)
replies: text: I would not include "tohu wabohu" under "Reduplication". Echo words (also called other titles), are arguably a different phenomenon. It would be much more interesting if you could cite other similar examples from Hebrew, not just a singleton. Pete unseth (talk) 22:57, 12 October 2011 (UTC)
replies: text: Okay, thanks. —Mark Dominus (talk) 13:55, 13 October 2011 (UTC)
thread_title:  Why "tohu wabohu" may be reduplication and not merely rhyme 

message: :hald "I hold" vs. haíhald (hĕhald) "I/he held"
I never saw Latin, Greek or PIE word ending in -ld.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.184.79.250 (talk) 15:16, 7 November 2012 (UTC)
thread_title: A word to check

message: You'd think the adjective formed from "giant" would be "giantic" or something like that - Virginia-American (talk) 03:42, 28 December 2012 (UTC)
replies: text: No. "gigas" was the Latin word for giant, which had the instrumental case form "gigantem". The /g/-->[j]/V_V (the intervocalic /g/ became /j/) in the romance language English borrowed the noun from (old French) so /gigantem/-->gijantem and then /gijant/ once the case system ended, but English borrowed the adjective "gigantic" from Latin in the 1610s,Online Etymology Dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=gigantic so it appears with an intervocalic /g/. "Gigantic" replaced the original English adjective "giantlike" from the 1570s.Online Etymology Dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=gigantic I might be oversimplifying the phonological rule /g/-->[j]/V_V but it describes the gist of things. Brianc26 (talk) 21:50, 22 June 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: Wouldn't it have been the <g> before the high front vowel going from /ɡ/ to /dʒ/ (i.e. /ɡiɡantem/ to /dʒiɡantem/)? Jimp 12:54, 7 April 2016 (UTC)
thread_title:  Is "gigantic" an English example? 

message: Languages of SE Asia should not be listed in the same sub category as Austronesian languages (the languages of mainland SE Asia are mostly not in the Austronesian family).
There needs to also be significantly more Austronesian language examples. I will add in one from Tagalog, and another from Ilokano in a few days, but I know the process occurs in all austronesian languages for things like verb intensity, verbal aspect, plurality (in some), and even validity (e.g. in Ilonggo bilay=house bilay-bilay=fake house; maestro=teacher, maestro-maestro=pretend teacher). 
Basically, that section needs expansion...
Brianc26 (talk) 05:10, 11 June 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Other Austronesian languages... 

message: ,. I think this might help. Komitsuki (talk) 06:25, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
thread_title:  Mongolian duplication 

message: Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just added archive links to  on Reduplication. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add  after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add  to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130708124706/http://odur.let.rug.nl/~gilbers/onderwijs/klankleer/K1college9/K1COL9.PPT to http://odur.let.rug.nl/~gilbers/onderwijs/klankleer/K1college9/K1COL9.PPT
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130806230911/http://www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/mll/linguistics/exercises/morpho.html to http://www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/mll/linguistics/exercises/morpho.html
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130804071048/http://www.onnet.up.ac.za:80/bitterbessiedagbreek.html to http://www.onnet.up.ac.za/bitterbessiedagbreek.html
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/20091211010443/http://www.african.gu.se:80/aa/pdfs/aa02004.pdf to http://www.african.gu.se/aa/pdfs/aa02004.pdf
When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.
Cheers. —cyberbot IITalk to my owner:Online 09:08, 30 August 2015 (UTC)
thread_title:  External links modified 

message: Is walkie-talkie really an example?  The point of the thing is that it's mobile, i.e. you can walk with it, and you can talk to people with it.  So, both the walkie and the talkie bits have their own meaning.  It's not just a willy-nilly addition of some rhyming word.  Jimp 12:44, 7 April 2016 (UTC)
thread_title:  Walkie-talkie 

message: Regarding this revert: How is translating Eerst bla-bla, dan boem-boem to its English formal equivalent First blah-blah, then boom-boom vandalism? --Damian Yerrick (talk) 19:52, 6 November 2017 (UTC)
replies: text: Resolved in this edit. Thank you. --Damian Yerrick (talk) 03:00, 9 November 2017 (UTC)
thread_title:  Adding a more literal translation is apparently vandalism 

message: Reduplication is used in Korean. These papers have some examples: http://roa.rutgers.edu/files/1074-0510/1074-KIM-0-0.PDF http://roa.rutgers.edu/files/636-1203/636-KIM-0-0.PDF
I wonder if this really counts but they also say "다음 다음" or "다다음" for "next next"  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.216.120.167 (talk) 21:00, 12 April 2018 (UTC)
thread_title:  Reduplication in Korean 

message: I came here to fix problems reported by the parser migration tool (this message refers) but noticed that there were lots of inconsistencies and a few problems with the references. Many of these are fixed in the recent series of edits. Apart from a few copy edits en passant there are no intentional content changes.
What is the status of the remaining citations in the References section? Have they been added to support the content or are they really "further reading"? --Mirokado (talk) 01:08, 23 April 2018 (UTC)
thread_title:  References and citations 

message: This is a real thing for which examples were provided. Why has it been removed repeatedly with no justification?  --198.27.189.162 (talk) 22:17, 6 April 2020 (UTC)
thread_title:  Three-part ablaut 

message: Why the heck does this article start with an example from the Pingapelese language, which nobody has probably ever heard of?
This article is in English, it should start with an English example!
General to specific!!Hwfr (talk) 23:30, 16 June 2020 (UTC)
replies: text: Because English does not make for a good example of reduplication. It's better to use a language where reduplication is a productive grammatical process rather than something used rarely in informal expressions. Looking at it this way the article DOES go from the general to the specific.--Megaman en m (talk) 07:31, 17 June 2020 (UTC)
replies: text:  I just added "so-so" and "ticky-tacky" to the English examples. If I were more enterprising, I'd rework the lede to include some English language ablaut reduplications as an immediate way to give the reader a practical idea of what reduplications entail. Meanwhile, I suggest you have at it. --Kent Dominic·(talk) 14:33, 9 March 2022 (UTC)
thread_title:  Intro 

message: What about Couscous, a food?    ----MountVic127 (talk) 04:56, 24 December 2020 (UTC)
thread_title:  Couscous 

message: Please add a section explaining why it's called "reduplication" instead of "duplication" 24.181.129.253 (talk) 19:10, 13 May 2022 (UTC)
thread_title:  Please add a section explaining why it's called "reduplication" instead of "duplication" 

message: The box at the top labeled "Affixes" includes "duplifix". "Duplifix" is redirected to this page. But other than its appearance in the "Affixes" box, there's no other reference to duplifix on this page.  If duplifix is an alternate word for reduplication, it should at least be mentioned on this page, possibly in the opening sentence: "In linguistics, reduplication (sometimes called duplifix)..."   Omc (talk) 16:35, 16 July 2022 (UTC)
thread_title:  duplifix  

message: Not a linguist here, but - koori languages appear to use reduplcation to turn a word into a proper noun, or to apply the definite article to it. Multiple place names in Australia: Gin-gin, Wagga-wagga. Saw on TV once a story about a dude who was bitten multiple times by snakes and survived (probably dry bites, but whatever), whom the locals dubbed "Devil-devil man".
203.13.3.90 (talk) 00:36, 26 August 2022 (UTC)
thread_title:  Australian indigenous languages