Talk:Transimpedance amplifier

message: I would like to say that something is bad as it impedes, embarrasses, hampers, enervates the excitation input voltage when it strives to create a current. Also, I would like to say that the "bad thing" decreases, diminishes the effective (actual) current-creating voltage VRi = VIN - VR (in this arrangement, the resistor Ri actually acts as a voltage-to-current converter).
:'Acts in opposition to'; or 'opposes'.
:The "bad thing" REDUCES (or diminishes or cancels) the current-creating voltage VRi = VIN - VR  --Light current 20:01, 20 August 2006 (UTC)
thread_title:  Impede, embarrass, hamper, enervate, decrease, diminish... 

message: I would like to come up for discussion the title. Actually, transimpedance amplifier and current-to-voltage converter are the same device. Only, I don't know why the first name is more frequently used although
*transimpedance amplifier is more meaningless than current-to-voltage converter 
*current-to-voltage converter is more general than transimpedance amplifier as there are two versions (passive and active one) for it.
So, I suggest to make 'Current-to-voltage converter' main page and 'Transimpedance amplifier' - redirected page. Circuit-fantasist 14:47, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
replies: text: I would like to say that the word transimpedance amplifier is more meaningless than the word current-to-voltage converter. Circuit-fantasist 16:06, 14 August 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  Swapping [[Transimpedance amplifier]] and [[Current-to-voltage converter]]? 

message: I added the cleanup tag because of formatting and layout.  It's rather choppy with very short paragraphs each with a heading.  (Information looks good during a cursory look but the layout just makes it hard to follow). RJFJR 21:07, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
replies: text: Is it OK enough already? Circuit-fantasist 10:23, 22 September 2006 (UTC)
thread_title:  Cleanup 

message: A C2VA is not always a TIA but a TIA is always a C2VA.
Example: A resistor converts current to voltage, but its not a TIA. The TIA is an idealized model, just like the voltage opamp is an idealized model for simplified calculations. Steve110 20:31, 28 March 2007 (UTC)
replies: text: Current-to-voltage converter is the most general term including both the passive current-to-voltage converter (a bare resistor) and active current-to-voltage converter (transimpedance amplifier). There is a close interrelation between the two versions - the active version is come from the passive one; the more complex active version consists of a passive version and a compensating op-amp. The passive version is reversible (it may act as the reverse voltage-to-current converter); the active version is not reversible. Current-to-voltage converter is more natural, clear and meaningful word than transimpedance maplifier. Really, the transimpedance amplifier is an idealized model but the circuit showed on the right is one of the possible practical circuit implementations (maybe, the most popular one). Circuit-fantasist 17:04, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
thread_title:  Transimpedance Amplifier vs. Current to Voltage Converter 

message: The pictures in this article have so many layers of annotation in multiple colors that they are extremely confusing.  They look like the end result of a lecture, rather than an illustration for an article in an encyclopedia.  A simpler set of schematics would be a valuable replacement.
Kevin k (talk) 17:08, 11 December 2012 (UTC)
thread_title:  Confusing pictures 

message: I propose this page get a complete re-write and be renamed Transimpedance Amplifier.  In Robert Pease's article he states "we used to call this a current-to-voltage converter,".   The technical details on this page are weak and not well presented, despite the excessive verbosity and colorful plots.   There is no discussion of compensation or the gain/BW tradeoff.   Zen-in (talk) 16:49, 2 November 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: I agree with the name change.  "Current-to-voltage converter" should redirect to newly named page.Constant314 (talk) 14:52, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

text: Both Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) and Transimpedance Amplifier are non-conforming names.  Transimpedance amplifier is ok though. SpinningSpark 16:40, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

text: I moved the most recent version of this pages content (after removing CD's well-intentioned graphi-analytic discussion).    What should we do with this page now?   Maybe describe transistor and other simple current to voltage circuits?   Or is that too trivial?   Zen-in (talk) 02:56, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: Oops, I remember a discussion about forks a while back so I replaced the content of this page with a redirect to Transimpedance amplifier.  Anyone object?   Zen-in (talk) 03:09, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: You have also forgotten that cut and paste moves are not desirable for licencing reasons.  I have deleted the forked transimpedance amplifier and reverted the redirect.  Please move the article using the move button (if you still desire to do so) and also move this talk page.  I will restore your most recent edits once you have done that (as long as there are no intervening edits while the page is still here).  Next time you should request deletion of the target page by an admin if the wikimedia system stops you from moving via the move button. SpinningSpark 09:50, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: Yes, I guess I'm not the only one who is out of practice.   I hope this page is more useful now.   I will try to make the technical parts more descriptive.   Transimpedance amplifiers are somewhat complicated beasts so simplifying the analysis would not be useful to anyone.   A section showing why transimpedance amplifiers tend to oscillate and have gain peaking will be added. Zen-in (talk) 18:20, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: I have now restored your deleted edits as promised, but since the article has been edited in the intervening time, they are no longer in the current article.  You can retrieve them from the history if you so wish. SpinningSpark 18:51, 1 December 2013 (UTC)

text: That's ok.  I added the deleted edits and then some.   The current version has more corrections. Zen-in (talk) 21:52, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Page re-write and rename as Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) 

message: You are doing a great job.  Consider this as a minor suggestion.  I think a couple of your sentences are overly broad.  First, “There is no cut and dry formula for calculating the capacitor value that works for all cases”.  If all cases includes all types of amplifiers, loads, sources, applications, stability and bandwidth requirements then the statement is trivially true and applies to all amplifier design.  Second “the iterative method required to optimize the value”.  An iterative method can be used but there are many cases where those sufficiently skilled in algebra do not need to iterate.  I have not looked at St Bob’s article, but I suspect he formed his opinions in the bad old days when opamps would go crazy with even a slight capacitive load and the spec sheet didn’t mention it.  You were pretty much stuck with iterating the hardware (soldering real capacitors onto the breadboard to see what would happen).  But in the modern era, opamp designers have recognized that there is often some capacitance hanging on the output.  They have built in some tolerance to capacitive loads and they even spec it.  If the series combination of Ci and Cf is less than the opamp’s specified capacitance driving capability then you can probably optimize the design on paper. I suppose you might iterate the paper design. Maybe that is what you meant.  Still, I would replace “required” with something less compelling.Constant314 (talk) 05:18, 5 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: Thanks for the support and compliments.   The last few sentences need some work.  I have slowed down in the last couple of days since I'm very busy with other things on weekdays.  I will be adding something about the bandwidth and will try to re-word that last section.  Graeme's analysis of tia instability and their compensation are very well presented.   I have just skimmed over his analysis here and recommend others read his book for the full story.  My limited experience designing and optimizing tias, for quantum dot sensors, has taught me iteration is needed and any textbook calculation of Cf just keeps you on the fairway.   There are no hole in ones in this game.    The gain-setting resistor and even the kind of load the tia is driving affect the final value.  Even the placement of the cap makes a big difference.   While this gets beyond what an encyclopedia should present, it would be incorrect to write that a paper design can be iterated or will ever be optimal.   Zen-in (talk) 15:11, 5 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: I’ve done it twice.  Depending on what you mean by iterating, I may have iterated the paper design but not the hardware.  I suppose it was optimal in the sense that it was not noisier than the paper analysis said it would be.Constant314 (talk) 04:17, 6 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: Yes I guess you can design it on paper and it won't oscillate after the solder has frozen.   I think providing links to something St. Robert wrote or other sources is sufficient.   The level of detail required to describe the design and iteration of compensation may not belong here and could just disappear even quicker.   There are a lot of other aspects to tias that should be covered.   If you have the time to add something about the bandwidth of tias go for it.   I have left that part out for now.  Maybe it should be covered on the opamp page but if it is well done it will likely get moved and live on somewhere else.  Zen-in (talk) 07:20, 6 December 2013 (UTC)
replies: text: I'll just add the word often in front of required.Constant314 (talk) 22:48, 6 December 2013 (UTC)
thread_title:  Overly general statements in Bandwidth and stability section 

message: I removed all this today because it is absolute unmitigated nonsense.   There is no reason to ever want a "none (sic) inverting configuration" of a TIA since an inverting or non inverting follower is usually added.   This was not an example of a non inverting amplifier anyway.  Incrementally the circuit is still an inverting amplifier because the feedback is to the inverting terminal.   So all that nonsense has been reverted.Zen-in (talk) 16:51, 5 July 2015 (UTC)
replies: text: I agree with you.  The "none inverting configuration" was non-sense.Constant314 (talk) 18:27, 5 July 2015 (UTC)
thread_title:  Inverting configuration 

message: It says, "In the circuit shown in Fig. 1 the photodiode is connected between ground and the inverting input of the op-amp. The other input of the op-amp is also connected to ground. This provides a low impedance load for the photodiode, which keeps the photodiode voltage low." As an ideal op-amp has infinite input impedance, how can connecting the photodiode between ground and the inverting input of the op-amp provide a low impedance load for the photodiode? Seems that it would provide a very high impedance load. The actual current path would be through the feedback resistor to the (ideally) zero impedance output, but the impedance of that path depends on Rf. Stevensrmiller (talk) 19:55, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
replies: text: It is correct.  Feedback action holds the inverting node voltage close to ground, regardless of the photo current.  You can think of dynamic resistance, a large change in photo current produces a small change in voltage at the inverting input, hence a low impedance.  Actual impedance would be on the order of Rf/A where A is the voltage gain of the opamp.  So if A= 1,000,000 and Rf = 100k then the input impedance would be on the order of 0.1 ohm. Constant314 (talk) 20:11, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
thread_title:  DC Operation load 

message: This appears to be largely theoretical.  There are no references for this idea.  A single transistor stage does not provide enough gain for transimpedance to be realized.  This recent addition should be removed.  There are a few other issues with this page I want to address shortly. Zen-in (talk) 14:55, 21 August 2018 (UTC)
replies: text: I agree.  Wikipedia is not a text book.  The sections have a lot of tedious math and no citations.  They are poor trans-impedance amps.  They don't bring anything to the article that is not covered elsewhere.  Constant314 (talk) 17:12, 21 August 2018 (UTC)
replies: text:  The intention of the edit was that the article explains in general what a transimpedance amplifier is and shows some circuits how to build one. Before the edit the article was very restricted to one particular circuit (opamp with single resistor as feedback) and one particular application (fibreoptics receiver). However I agree that the article as it is now is not optimal (missing references, too many formulas). Fvultier (talk) 10:40, 23 August 2018 (UTC)
replies: text:  There are several references in this article related to the technical explanations.  While some people would like to see no equations, Laplace equations and bode plots are generally accepted and are excellent short cuts for characterizing electronic circuits.  Op-amps, because they have so much gain, are almost like ideal mathematical building blocks.  They are described with real-value mathematical functions and a roll-off slope for frequency considerations.   Your change that showed the transfer function of a TIA in terms of a theoretical complex function was not required.   There were no references for the transistor TIA ideas.  A TIA could be built with FETs and BJTs, but the circuit would have to have a lot of gain.  So, in effect, you would be building an op-amp from discrete components.  The BJT circuit you showed has the problem of very low reverse bias on the photodiode and an unbalanced circuit using an unmatched NPN / PNP pair.  The low reverse bias would result in a very low frequency response because of the high junction capacitance.  The MOSFET has an even worse problem with frequency response because MOSFET gates have very large capacitance compared to the photodiode junction.   Also, the N-channel and P-channel MOSFET gates are tied together and only one will turn on.   I would be interested in reading a paper or app-note describing these ideas more, but I think they are just theoretical and therefore unencyclopediac.   Single stage differential amplifiers and cascode circuits have been used with photodiodes.  They are not called transimpedance amplifiers.Zen-in (talk) 05:17, 24 August 2018 (UTC)

text:  The 2 references you added do not appear to be relevant.  One is in German, which most people on this site wouldn't be able to read and could not access, and the other only has a couple of pages on the general subject of TIAs.   A want to see an article or appnote I can read that supports this theoretical idea.  I don't believe either circuit would work as you claim.  That content is POV and does not belong in an encyclopedia.Zen-in (talk) 15:03, 24 August 2018 (UTC)
replies: text: I deleted these sections because, as stated above 1)The example circuits do not work 2) There are no valid references.  One reference is in German and the other is just a general electronics book. I have not been able to find any paper that describes where a TIA has been built using MOSFETs or bipolar junction transistors.  I have asked the editor that added this theoretical material to supply better references and he has not done that.   TIAs almost exclusively use op-amps.  Zen-in (talk) 16:53, 9 September 2018 (UTC)
replies: text: I support that. WP is not a textbook, reference book or catalog of circuits.  The opamp circuits are fully sufficient to illustrate the article.Constant314 (talk) 00:30, 10 September 2018 (UTC)
thread_title:  MOSFET and Bipolar TIA additions 

message: " The transimpedance amplifier presents a low impedance to the photodiode and isolates it from the output voltage of the operational amplifier. In its simplest form a transimpedance amplifier has just a large-valued feedback resistor, Rf. The gain of the amplifier is set by this resistor and has a value of −Rf (because the amplifier is in an inverting configuration). There are several different configurations of transimpedance amplifiers, each suited to a particular application. The one factor they all have in common is the requirement to convert the low-level current to a voltage.
The gain, bandwidth, as well as current and voltage offsets, change with different types of sensors, requiring different configurations of transimpedance amplifiers. "
This text is already present in the introduction of the article. In case that it is voluntary, i'm not deleting it myself.
The two sources [3] and [5] are also the same.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by The quantum panda (talk • contribs) 10:23, 29 April 2019 (UTC)
replies: text: The duplicated paragraph was added about a year ago when someone added a section about theoretical bjt and MOSFet TIAS.   Most of that was removed but the duplication was overlooked.   Thank-you for bringing it to everyone's attention. Zen-in (talk) 16:43, 19 June 2019 (UTC)
thread_title:  2 paragraphs that repeat themselves in DC Operation section