এডওয়ার্ড গিবন

এডওয়ার্ড গিবন (২৭ এপ্রিল ১৭৩৭ - ১৬ জানুয়ারি ১৭৯৪) ছিলেন একজন ইংরেজ ইতিহাসবিদ এবং ব্রিটিশ সংসদ সদস্য। তার সর্বাধিক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কাজ রোমান সাম্রাজের ক্ষয় ও পতনের ইতিহাস ৬টি খণ্ডে ১৭৭৬ ও ১৭৮৮ এর মধ্যে প্রকাশিত হয়। গ্রন্থটি এর লেখার উৎকর্ষ, এর বিদ্রুপাত্বক লেখার ধরন, প্রাথমিক তথ্যসূত্রের ব্যবহার, সংগঠিত ধর্মের প্রতি তার সরাসরি সমালোচনার জন্য সমধিক পরিচিত। Essai sur l’Étude de la Littérature (London: Becket & De Hondt, 1761). Critical Observations on the Sixth Book of [Vergil's] 'The Aeneid' (London: Elmsley, 1770). The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (vol. I, 1776; vols. II, III, 1781; vols. IV, V,VI, 1788–1789). all London: Strahan & Cadell. A Vindication of some passages in the fifteenth and sixteenth chapters of the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (London: J. Dodsley, 1779). Mémoire Justificatif pour servir de Réponse à l’Exposé, etc. de la Cour de France (London: Harrison & Brooke, 1779). "Lettre sur le gouvernement de Berne" [Letter No. IX. Mr. Gibbon to *** on the Government of Berne], in Miscellaneous Works, First (1796) edition, vol. 1 (below). Scholars differ on the date of its composition (Norman, D.M. Low: 1758–59; Pocock: 1763–64). Mémoires Littéraires de la Grande-Bretagne. co-author: Georges Deyverdun (2 vols.: vol. 1, London: Becket & De Hondt, 1767; vol. 2, London: Heydinger, 1768). Miscellaneous Works of Edward Gibbon, Esq., ed. John Lord Sheffield (2 vols., London: Cadell & Davies, 1796; 5 vols., London: J. Murray, 1814; 3 vols., London: J. Murray, 1815). includes Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Edward Gibbon, Esq.; Autobiographies of Edward Gibbon, ed. John Murray (London: J. Murray, 1896). EG's complete memoirs (six drafts) from the original manuscripts. The Private Letters of Edward Gibbon, 2 vols., ed. Rowland E. Prothero (London: J. Murray, 1896). Gibbon's Journal to 28 January 1763, ed. D.M. Low (London: Chatto and Windus, 1929). Le Journal de Gibbon à Lausanne, ed. Georges A. Bonnard (Lausanne: Librairie de l'Université, 1945). Miscellanea Gibboniana, eds. G.R. de Beer, L. Junod, G.A. Bonnard (Lausanne: Librairie de l'Université, 1952). The Letters of Edward Gibbon, 3 vols., ed. J.E. Norton (London: Cassell & Co., 1956). vol.1: 1750–1773; vol.2: 1774–1784; vol.3: 1784–1794. cited as 'Norton, Letters'. Gibbon's Journey from Geneva to Rome, ed. G.A. Bonnard (London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1961). journal. Edward Gibbon: Memoirs of My Life, ed. G.A. Bonnard (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1969;1966). portions of EG's memoirs arranged chronologically, omitting repetition. The English Essays of Edward Gibbon, ed. Patricia Craddock (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972); [hb: আইএসবিএন ০-১৯-৮১২৪৯৬-১]. Gibbon's birthday is 27 April 1737 of the old style (O.S.) Julian calendar; England adopted the new style (N.S.) Gregorian calendar in 1752, and thereafter Gibbon's birthday was celebrated on 8 May 1737 N.S. The most recent and also the first critical edition, in three volumes, is that of David Womersley. For commentary on Gibbon's irony and insistence on primary sources whenever available, see Womersley, "Introduction". While the larger part of Gibbon's caustic view of Christianity is declared within the text of chapters XV and XVI, Gibbon rarely neglects to note its baleful influence throughout the remaining volumes of the Decline and Fall. Complete History of the Decline and Fall including Gibbon's Vindication, courtesy: Christian Classics Ethereal Library of Calvin College, Grands Rapids, Michigan, USA. Extensive Biography in 1911 Encyclopedia Edward Gibbon, Historian of the Roman Empire. Part 1: The Man and his Book Edward Gibbon, Historian of the Roman Empire. Part 2: A closer look at The Decline and Fall (Dead link) EdwardGibbonStudies.com: Web Center for Edward Gibbon Studies গুটেনবের্গ প্রকল্পে Edward Gibbon-এর সাহিত্যকর্ম ও রচনাবলী (ইংরেজি) গুটেনবের্গ প্রকল্পে Gibbon, by James Cotter Morison The Life and Death of Edward Gibbon @ Ward's Book of Days A Brief Biography of Edward Gibbon DeclineandFallResources.com – Original Maps and Footnote Translations Biographer Patricia Craddock's comprehensive bibliography through May 1999. Craddock's supplement to her Reference Guide.