Kaggle competition: Natural Language Processing with Disaster Tweets
<SOS> metric: meanfscore Kaggle data source: natural-language-processing-with-disaster-tweets<categorify>
!wget --quiet https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tensorflow/models/master/official/nlp/bert/tokenization.py
folds = train.copy()
Fold = MultilabelStratifiedKFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=42)
 for n,(train_index, val_index)in enumerate(Fold.split(folds, folds[target_cols])) :
folds.loc[val_index, 'fold'] = int(n)
 folds['fold'] = folds['fold'].astype(int)
 print(folds.shape )<prepare_x_and_y>
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
import string
import plotly.express as px
from collections import defaultdict
import operator
import re
from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold
from sklearn.metrics import precision_score,recall_score,f1_score
from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import Callback,EarlyStopping
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense,Dropout,BatchNormalization,Input
from tensorflow.keras.models import Model
import tensorflow_addons as tfa
from tensorflow.keras.losses import binary_crossentropy
from tensorflow_addons.optimizers import RectifiedAdam
import tensorflow_hub as hub
import tokenization
from tensorflow.keras.optimizers import Adam,SGD
class TrainDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, df, num_features, cat_features, labels):
self.cont_values = df[num_features].values
self.cate_values = df[cat_features].values
self.labels = labels
def __len__(self):
return len(self.cont_values)
 def __getitem__(self, idx):
cont_x = torch.FloatTensor(self.cont_values[idx])
 cate_x = torch.LongTensor(self.cate_values[idx])
 label = torch.tensor(self.labels[idx] ).float()
return cont_x, cate_x, label
class TestDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, df, num_features, cat_features):
self.cont_values = df[num_features].values
self.cate_values = df[cat_features].values
def __len__(self):
return len(self.cont_values)
 def __getitem__(self, idx):
cont_x = torch.FloatTensor(self.cont_values[idx])
 cate_x = torch.LongTensor(self.cate_values[idx])
 return cont_x, cate_x<categorify>
train_df = pd.read_csv("/kaggle/input/nlp-getting-started/train.csv")
 test_df = pd.read_csv("/kaggle/input/nlp-getting-started/test.csv" )
cat_features = ['cp_time', 'cp_dose']
num_features = [c for c in train.columns if train.dtypes[c] != 'object']
num_features = [c for c in num_features if c not in cat_features]
num_features = [c for c in num_features if c not in target_cols]
target = train[target_cols].values
def cate2num(df):
df['cp_time'] = df['cp_time'].map({24: 0, 48: 1, 72: 2})
 df['cp_dose'] = df['cp_dose'].map({'D1': 3, 'D2': 4})
 return df
train = cate2num(train)
 test = cate2num(test )<init_hyperparams>
missing_values = pd.DataFrame({c:[(train_df[c].isna().sum() /len(train_df)) *100,\ 
(test_df[c].isna().sum() /len(test_df)) *100] for c in \
["keyword","location"]},index=["train","test"])
 missing_values
class CFG:
max_grad_norm=1000
gradient_accumulation_steps=1
hidden_size=512
dropout=0.4
lr=1e-3
weight_decay=1e-5
batch_size=128
epochs=50
num_features=num_features
cat_features=cat_features
target_cols=target_cols<choose_model_class>
train_df["keyword"].fillna("no_keywords",inplace = True)
 test_df["keyword"].fillna("no_keywords",inplace = True)
 train_df["location"].fillna("no_location",inplace=True)
 test_df["location"].fillna("no_location",inplace=True )
class TabularNN(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, cfg):
super().__init__()
self.mlp = nn.Sequential(
 nn.Linear(len(cfg.num_features), cfg.hidden_size),
nn.BatchNorm1d(cfg.hidden_size),
nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout),
nn.PReLU(cfg.hidden_size),
nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.hidden_size),
nn.BatchNorm1d(cfg.hidden_size),
nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout),
nn.PReLU(cfg.hidden_size),
nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, len(cfg.target_cols)) , 
)
 def forward(self, cont_x, cate_x):
x = self.mlp(cont_x)
 return x<train_on_grid>
train_df["word_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x: len(str(x ).split()))
test_df["word_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x: len(str(x ).split()))
train_df["unique_word_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x:len(set(str(x ).split())))
 test_df["unique_word_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x:len(set(str(x ).split())))
 train_df["stop_word_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x: len([elt for elt in str(x ).lower().split() \
if elt in stopwords.words("english")]))
test_df["stop_word_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x:len([elt for elt in str(x ).lower().split() \
if elt in stopwords.words("english")]))
train_df["url_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x : len([w for w in str(x ).lower().split() \
if 'http' or 'https' in w]))
test_df["url_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x : len([w for w in str(x ).lower().split() \
if "http" or "https" in w ]))
train_df["mean_word_length"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x : np.mean([len(word)for word in x.split() ]))
test_df["mean_word_length"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x : np.mean([len(word)for word in x.split() ]))
train_df["char_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x:len(str(x)))
 test_df["char_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x:len(str(x)))
 train_df["punctuation_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x: len([elt for elt in str(x)if elt in string.punctuation]))
test_df["punctuation_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x:len([elt for elt in str(x)if elt in string.punctuation]))
train_df["hashtag_count"] = train_df["text"].apply(lambda x:len([c for c in str(x)if c=="
test_df["hashtag_count"] = test_df["text"].apply(lambda x:len([c for c in str(x)if c=="
train_df["mention_count"] = train_df["text"].map(lambda x: len([c for c in str(x)if c=="@"]))
test_df["mention_count"] = test_df["text"].map(lambda x: len([c for c in str(x)if c=="@"]))
def train_fn(train_loader, model, optimizer, epoch, scheduler, device):
losses = AverageMeter()
model.train()
for step,(cont_x, cate_x, y)in enumerate(train_loader):
cont_x, cate_x, y = cont_x.to(device), cate_x.to(device), y.to(device)
 batch_size = cont_x.size(0)
 pred = model(cont_x, cate_x)
 loss = nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss()(pred, y)
 losses.update(loss.item() , batch_size)
 if CFG.gradient_accumulation_steps > 1:
loss = loss / CFG.gradient_accumulation_steps
loss.backward()
grad_norm = torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters() , CFG.max_grad_norm)
 if(step + 1)% CFG.gradient_accumulation_steps == 0:
scheduler.step()
optimizer.step()
optimizer.zero_grad()
return losses.avg
def validate_fn(valid_loader, model, device):
losses = AverageMeter()
model.eval()
val_preds = []
for step,(cont_x, cate_x, y)in enumerate(valid_loader):
cont_x, cate_x, y = cont_x.to(device), cate_x.to(device), y.to(device)
 batch_size = cont_x.size(0)
 with torch.no_grad() :
pred = model(cont_x, cate_x)
 loss = nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss()(pred, y)
 losses.update(loss.item() , batch_size)
 val_preds.append(pred.sigmoid().detach().cpu().numpy())
 if CFG.gradient_accumulation_steps > 1:
loss = loss / CFG.gradient_accumulation_steps
val_preds = np.concatenate(val_preds)
 return losses.avg, val_preds
def inference_fn(test_loader, model, device):
model.eval()
preds = []
for step,(cont_x, cate_x)in enumerate(test_loader):
cont_x, cate_x = cont_x.to(device), cate_x.to(device)
 with torch.no_grad() :
pred = model(cont_x, cate_x)
 preds.append(pred.sigmoid().detach().cpu().numpy())
 preds = np.concatenate(preds)
 return preds
class AverageMeter(object):

 def __init__(self):
self.reset()
def reset(self):
self.val = 0
self.avg = 0
self.sum = 0
self.count = 0
def update(self, val, n=1):
self.val = val
self.sum += val * n
self.count += n
self.avg = self.sum / self.count<create_dataframe>
def gen_n_grams(text,n_grams=1):

 tokens = [token for token in str(text ).lower().split() if token not in stopwords.words("english")]
ngrams = zip(*[tokens[i:] for i in range(n_grams)])
 return [" ".join(gram)for gram in ngrams]
def gen_df_ngrams(n_grams=1):

 mask = train_df["target"]==1
disaster_unigrams = defaultdict(int)
 non_disaster_unigrams = defaultdict(int)
 for tweet in train_df.loc[mask,"text"].values:
for gram in gen_n_grams(tweet,n_grams=n_grams):
disaster_unigrams[gram] +=1
for tweet in train_df.loc[~mask,"text"].values:
for gram in gen_n_grams(tweet,n_grams=n_grams):
non_disaster_unigrams[gram] +=1
df_disaster_n_grams = pd.DataFrame(sorted(disaster_unigrams.items() ,reverse=True,key=\
lambda item:item[1]))
df_non_disaster_n_grams = pd.DataFrame(sorted(non_disaster_unigrams.items() ,reverse=True,key=\
lambda item:item[1]))
return df_disaster_n_grams,df_non_disaster_n_grams
def plot_ngrams(df_disaster_n_grams,df_non_disaster_unigrams,N=100,n_grams=1):

 fig,ax = plt.subplots(1,2,figsize=(18,50))
sns.barplot(y=df_disaster_n_grams[0].values[:N],x=df_disaster_n_grams[1].values[:N],ax=ax[0],\
color="red")
 for i in range(2):
ax[i].tick_params(axis="x",labelsize=15)
 ax[i].tick_params(axis="y",labelsize=15)
 ax[i].set_xlabel("Occurences")
 ax[i].spines["right"].set_visible(False)
 sns.barplot(y=df_non_disaster_unigrams[0].values[:N],x=df_non_disaster_unigrams[1].values[:N],\
ax=ax[1],color="green")
 ax[0].set_title("Top most {} {}_grams for disaster tweets".format(N,n_grams),size=15)
 ax[1].set_title("Top most {} {}_grams for non disaster tweets".format(N,n_grams),size=15 )
def run_single_nn(cfg, train, test, folds, num_features, cat_features, target, device, fold_num=0, seed=42):
logger.info(f'Set seed {seed}')
 seed_everything(seed=seed)
 trn_idx = folds[folds['fold'] != fold_num].index
val_idx = folds[folds['fold'] == fold_num].index
train_folds = train.loc[trn_idx].reset_index(drop=True)
 valid_folds = train.loc[val_idx].reset_index(drop=True)
 train_target = target[trn_idx]
valid_target = target[val_idx]
train_dataset = TrainDataset(train_folds, num_features, cat_features, train_target)
 valid_dataset = TrainDataset(valid_folds, num_features, cat_features, valid_target)
 train_loader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=cfg.batch_size, shuffle=True,
num_workers=4, pin_memory=True, drop_last=True)
 valid_loader = DataLoader(valid_dataset, batch_size=cfg.batch_size, shuffle=False,
num_workers=4, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False)
 model = TabularNN(cfg)
 model.to(device)
 optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters() , lr=cfg.lr, weight_decay=cfg.weight_decay)
 scheduler = optim.lr_scheduler.OneCycleLR(optimizer=optimizer, pct_start=0.2, div_factor=1e4,
max_lr=1e-2, epochs=cfg.epochs, steps_per_epoch=len(train_loader))
log_df = pd.DataFrame(columns=(['EPOCH']+['TRAIN_LOSS']+['VALID_LOSS']))
best_loss = np.inf
for epoch in range(cfg.epochs):
train_loss = train_fn(train_loader, model, optimizer, epoch, scheduler, device)
 valid_loss, val_preds = validate_fn(valid_loader, model, device)
 log_row = {'EPOCH': epoch,
'TRAIN_LOSS': train_loss,
'VALID_LOSS': valid_loss,
}
log_df = log_df.append(pd.DataFrame(log_row, index=[0]), sort=False)
 if valid_loss < best_loss:
logger.info(f'epoch{epoch} save best model...{valid_loss}')
 best_loss = valid_loss
oof = np.zeros(( len(train), len(cfg.target_cols)))
 oof[val_idx] = val_preds
torch.save(model.state_dict() , f"fold{fold_num}_seed{seed}.pth")
 test_dataset = TestDataset(test, num_features, cat_features)
 test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=cfg.batch_size, shuffle=False,
num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
 model = TabularNN(cfg)
 model.load_state_dict(torch.load(f"fold{fold_num}_seed{seed}.pth"))
model.to(device)
 predictions = inference_fn(test_loader, model, device)
 torch.cuda.empty_cache()
return oof, predictions
def run_kfold_nn(cfg, train, test, folds, num_features, cat_features, target, device, n_fold=5, seed=42):
oof = np.zeros(( len(train), len(cfg.target_cols)))
 predictions = np.zeros(( len(test), len(cfg.target_cols)))
 for _fold in range(n_fold):
logger.info("Fold {}".format(_fold))
_oof, _predictions = run_single_nn(cfg,
train,
test,
folds,
num_features,
cat_features,
target,
device,
fold_num=_fold,
seed=seed)
 oof += _oof
predictions += _predictions / n_fold
score = 0
for i in range(target.shape[1]):
_score = log_loss(target[:,i], oof[:,i])
 score += _score / target.shape[1]
logger.info(f"CV score: {score}")
 return oof, predictions<categorify>
%%time
glove_embeddings = np.load('.. /input/pickled-glove840b300d-for-10sec-loading/glove.840B.300d.pkl', allow_pickle=True)
 fasttext_embeddings = np.load('.. /input/pickled-crawl300d2m-for-kernel-competitions/crawl-300d-2M.pkl', allow_pickle=True )
oof = np.zeros(( len(train), len(CFG.target_cols)))
 predictions = np.zeros(( len(test), len(CFG.target_cols)))
 SEED = [0, 1, 2]
for seed in SEED:
_oof, _predictions = run_kfold_nn(CFG,
train, test, folds,
num_features, cat_features, target,
device,
n_fold=5, seed=seed)
 oof += _oof / len(SEED)
 predictions += _predictions / len(SEED)
 score = 0
for i in range(target.shape[1]):
_score = log_loss(target[:,i], oof[:,i])
 score += _score / target.shape[1]
logger.info(f"Seed Averaged CV score: {score}" )<save_to_csv>
def build_vocab(X):

 tweets = X.apply(lambda x : x.split() ).values
vocab = {}
for tweet in tweets:
for word in tweet:
try:
vocab[word] +=1
except KeyError:
vocab[word] = 1
return vocab
train[target_cols] = oof
train[['sig_id']+target_cols].to_csv('oof.csv', index=False)
 test[target_cols] = predictions
test[['sig_id']+target_cols].to_csv('pred.csv', index=False )<compute_test_metric>
def check_embedding_coverage(X,embedding):

 vocab = build_vocab(X)
 covered = {}
oov ={}
n_covered = 0
n_oov = 0
for word in vocab :
try:
covered[word] = embedding[word]
n_covered += vocab[word]
except:
oov[word] = vocab[word]
n_oov += vocab[word]
coverage = len(covered)/ len(vocab)
 text_coverage = n_covered /(n_covered + n_oov)
 oov = sorted(oov.items() ,key = operator.itemgetter(1),reverse = True)
 return oov,coverage,text_coverage
result = train_targets_scored.drop(columns=target_cols)\ 
.merge(train[['sig_id']+target_cols], on='sig_id', how='left' ).fillna(0)
 y_true = train_targets_scored[target_cols].values
y_pred = result[target_cols].values
score = 0
for i in range(y_true.shape[1]):
_score = log_loss(y_true[:,i], y_pred[:,i])
 score += _score / y_true.shape[1]
logger.info(f"Final result: {score}" )<save_to_csv>
train_glove_oov,train_glove_coverage,train_glove_text = check_embedding_coverage(train_df["text"],glove_embeddings)
 test_glove_oov,test_glove_coverage,test_glove_text = check_embedding_coverage(test_df["text"],glove_embeddings)
 print("Glove embedding cover {} of vocabulary and {} of text in the training dataset".format(train_glove_coverage,train_glove_text))
print("Glove embedding cover  {} of vocabularly and {} of text in the test dataset".format(test_glove_coverage,test_glove_text))
sub = submission.drop(columns=target_cols ).merge(test[['sig_id']+target_cols], on='sig_id', how='left' ).fillna(0)
 sub.to_csv('submission.csv', index=False)
 sub.head()<import_modules>
train_fastext_oov,train_fastext_coverage,train_fastext_text = check_embedding_coverage(train_df["text"],fasttext_embeddings)
 test_fastext_oov,test_fastext_coverage,test_fastext_text = check_embedding_coverage(test_df["text"],fasttext_embeddings)
 print("FastText embedding cover {} of vocabulary and {} of text in the training dataset".format(train_fastext_coverage,train_fastext_text))
print("FastText embedding cover {} of vocabularly and {} of text in the test dataset".format(test_fastext_coverage,test_fastext_text))
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import tensorflow as tf
import tensorflow.keras.backend as K
import tensorflow.keras.layers as L
import tensorflow.keras.models as M
from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import ReduceLROnPlateau
import tensorflow_addons as tfa
from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
from sklearn.metrics import log_loss
from tqdm.notebook import tqdm<load_from_csv>
def clean(tweet):
tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Û_", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89ÛÒ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89ÛÓ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89ÛÏWhen", "When", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89ÛÏ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"China\x89Ûªs", "China's", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"let\x89Ûªs", "let's", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Û÷", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Ûª", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Û\x9d", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"å_", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Û¢", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\x89Û¢åÊ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"fromåÊwounds", "from wounds", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"åÊ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"åÈ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JapÌ_n", "Japan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Ì©", "e", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"å¨", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SuruÌ¤", "Suruc", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"åÇ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"å£3million", "3 million", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"åÀ", "", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"he's", "he is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"there's", "there is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"We're", "We are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"That's", "That is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"won't", "will not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"they're", "they are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Can't", "Cannot", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wasn't", "was not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"don\x89Ûªt", "do not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"aren't", "are not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"isn't", "is not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"What's", "What is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"haven't", "have not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"hasn't", "has not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"There's", "There is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"He's", "He is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"It's", "It is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"You're", "You are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I'M", "I am", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"shouldn't", "should not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wouldn't", "would not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i'm", "I am", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I\x89Ûªm", "I am", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I'm", "I am", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Isn't", "is not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Here's", "Here is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you've", "you have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you\x89Ûªve", "you have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"we're", "we are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"what's", "what is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"couldn't", "could not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"we've", "we have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"it\x89Ûªs", "it is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"doesn\x89Ûªt", "does not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"It\x89Ûªs", "It is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Here\x89Ûªs", "Here is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"who's", "who is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I\x89Ûªve", "I have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"y'all", "you all", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"can\x89Ûªt", "cannot", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"would've", "would have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"it'll", "it will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"we'll", "we will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wouldn\x89Ûªt", "would not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"We've", "We have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"he'll", "he will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Y'all", "You all", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Weren't", "Were not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Didn't", "Did not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"they'll", "they will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"they'd", "they would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DON'T", "DO NOT", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"That\x89Ûªs", "That is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"they've", "they have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i'd", "I would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"should've", "should have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"You\x89Ûªre", "You are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"where's", "where is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Don\x89Ûªt", "Do not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"we'd", "we would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i'll", "I will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"weren't", "were not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"They're", "They are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Can\x89Ûªt", "Cannot", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you\x89Ûªll", "you will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I\x89Ûªd", "I would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"let's", "let us", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"it's", "it is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"can't", "cannot", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"don't", "do not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you're", "you are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i've", "I have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"that's", "that is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i'll", "I will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"doesn't", "does not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"i'd", "I would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"didn't", "did not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ain't", "am not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you'll", "you will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I've", "I have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Don't", "do not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I'll", "I will", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"I'd", "I would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Let's", "Let us", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"you'd", "You would", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"It's", "It is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Ain't", "am not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Haven't", "Have not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Could've", "Could have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"youve", "you have", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"donå«t", "do not", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"&gt;", ">", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"&lt;", "<", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"&amp;", "&", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"w/e", "whatever", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"w/", "with", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"USAgov", "USA government", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"recentlu", "recently", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Ph0tos", "Photos", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"amirite", "am I right", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"exp0sed", "exposed", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"<3", "love", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"amageddon", "armageddon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Trfc", "Traffic", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"8/5/2015", "2015-08-05", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WindStorm", "Wind Storm", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"8/6/2015", "2015-08-06", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"10:38PM", "10:38 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"10:30pm", "10:30 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"16yr", "16 year", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"lmao", "laughing my ass off", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TRAUMATISED", "traumatized", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IranDeal", "Iran Deal", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ArianaGrande", "Ariana Grande", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"camilacabello97", "camila cabello", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RondaRousey", "Ronda Rousey", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MTVHottest", "MTV Hottest", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TrapMusic", "Trap Music", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ProphetMuhammad", "Prophet Muhammad", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PantherAttack", "Panther Attack", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"StrategicPatience", "Strategic Patience", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"socialnews", "social news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NASAHurricane", "NASA Hurricane", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"onlinecommunities", "online communities", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"humanconsumption", "human consumption", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Typhoon-Devastated", "Typhoon Devastated", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Meat-Loving", "Meat Loving", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"facialabuse", "facial abuse", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LakeCounty", "Lake County", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BeingAuthor", "Being Author", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"withheavenly", "with heavenly", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"thankU", "thank you", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"iTunesMusic", "iTunes Music", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OffensiveContent", "Offensive Content", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WorstSummerJob", "Worst Summer Job", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HarryBeCareful", "Harry Be Careful", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NASASolarSystem", "NASA Solar System", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"animalrescue", "animal rescue", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KurtSchlichter", "Kurt Schlichter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"aRmageddon", "armageddon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Throwingknifes", "Throwing knives", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GodsLove", "God's Love", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bookboost", "book boost", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ibooklove", "I book love", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NestleIndia", "Nestle India", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"realDonaldTrump", "Donald Trump", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DavidVonderhaar", "David Vonderhaar", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CecilTheLion", "Cecil The Lion", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"weathernetwork", "weather network", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"withBioterrorism&use", "with Bioterrorism & use", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Hostage&2", "Hostage & 2", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GOPDebate", "GOP Debate", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RickPerry", "Rick Perry", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"frontpage", "front page", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NewsInTweets", "News In Tweets", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ViralSpell", "Viral Spell", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"til_now", "until now", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"volcanoinRussia", "volcano in Russia", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ZippedNews", "Zipped News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MicheleBachman", "Michele Bachman", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"53inch", "53 inch", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KerrickTrial", "Kerrick Trial", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"abstorm", "Alberta Storm", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Beyhive", "Beyonce hive", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IDFire", "Idaho Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DETECTADO", "Detected", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RockyFire", "Rocky Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Listen/Buy", "Listen / Buy", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NickCannon", "Nick Cannon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FaroeIslands", "Faroe Islands", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"yycstorm", "Calgary Storm", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IDPs:", "Internally Displaced People :", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ArtistsUnited", "Artists United", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ClaytonBryant", "Clayton Bryant", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"jimmyfallon", "jimmy fallon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"justinbieber", "justin bieber", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UTC2015", "UTC 2015", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Time2015", "Time 2015", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"djicemoon", "dj icemoon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LivingSafely", "Living Safely", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FIFA16", "Fifa 2016", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"thisiswhywecanthavenicethings", "this is why we cannot have nice things", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bbcnews", "bbc news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UndergroundRailraod", "Underground Railraod", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"c4news", "c4 news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OBLITERATION", "obliteration", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MUDSLIDE", "mudslide", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NoSurrender", "No Surrender", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NotExplained", "Not Explained", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"greatbritishbakeoff", "great british bake off", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LondonFire", "London Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KOTAWeather", "KOTA Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LuchaUnderground", "Lucha Underground", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KOIN6News", "KOIN 6 News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LiveOnK2", "Live On K2", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"9NewsGoldCoast", "9 News Gold Coast", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"nikeplus", "nike plus", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"david_cameron", "David Cameron", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"peterjukes", "Peter Jukes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JamesMelville", "James Melville", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"megynkelly", "Megyn Kelly", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cnewslive", "C News Live", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JamaicaObserver", "Jamaica Observer", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TweetLikeItsSeptember11th2001", "Tweet like it is september 11th 2001", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cbplawyers", "cbp lawyers", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"fewmoretweets", "few more tweets", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BlackLivesMatter", "Black Lives Matter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cjoyner", "Chris Joyner", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ENGvAUS", "England vs Australia", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ScottWalker", "Scott Walker", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MikeParrActor", "Michael Parr", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"4PlayThursdays", "Foreplay Thursdays", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TGF2015", "Tontitown Grape Festival", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"realmandyrain", "Mandy Rain", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GraysonDolan", "Grayson Dolan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ApolloBrown", "Apollo Brown", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"saddlebrooke", "Saddlebrooke", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TontitownGrape", "Tontitown Grape", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AbbsWinston", "Abbs Winston", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ShaunKing", "Shaun King", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MeekMill", "Meek Mill", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TornadoGiveaway", "Tornado Giveaway", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GRupdates", "GR updates", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SouthDowns", "South Downs", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"braininjury", "brain injury", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"auspol", "Australian politics", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PlannedParenthood", "Planned Parenthood", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"calgaryweather", "Calgary Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"weallheartonedirection", "we all heart one direction", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"edsheeran", "Ed Sheeran", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TrueHeroes", "True Heroes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"S3XLEAK", "sex leak", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ComplexMag", "Complex Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheAdvocateMag", "The Advocate Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CityofCalgary", "City of Calgary", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EbolaOutbreak", "Ebola Outbreak", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SummerFate", "Summer Fate", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RAmag", "Royal Academy Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"offers2go", "offers to go", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"foodscare", "food scare", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MNPDNashville", "Metropolitan Nashville Police Department", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TfLBusAlerts", "TfL Bus Alerts", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GamerGate", "Gamer Gate", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IHHen", "Humanitarian Relief", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"spinningbot", "spinning bot", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ModiMinistry", "Modi Ministry", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TAXIWAYS", "taxi ways", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Calum5SOS", "Calum Hood", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"po_st", "po.st", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"scoopit", "scoop.it", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UltimaLucha", "Ultima Lucha", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JonathanFerrell", "Jonathan Ferrell", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"aria_ahrary", "Aria Ahrary", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"rapidcity", "Rapid City", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OutBid", "outbid", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"lavenderpoetrycafe", "lavender poetry cafe", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EudryLantiqua", "Eudry Lantiqua", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"15PM", "15 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OriginalFunko", "Funko", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"rightwaystan", "Richard Tan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CindyNoonan", "Cindy Noonan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RT_America", "RT America", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"narendramodi", "Narendra Modi", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BakeOffFriends", "Bake Off Friends", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TeamHendrick", "Hendrick Motorsports", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"alexbelloli", "Alex Belloli", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"itsjustinstuart", "Justin Stuart", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"gunsense", "gun sense", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DebateQuestionsWeWantToHear", "debate questions we want to hear", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RoyalCarribean", "Royal Carribean", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"samanthaturne19", "Samantha Turner", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JonVoyage", "Jon Stewart", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"renew911health", "renew 911 health", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SuryaRay", "Surya Ray", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pattonoswalt", "Patton Oswalt", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"minhazmerchant", "Minhaz Merchant", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TLVFaces", "Israel Diaspora Coalition", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pmarca", "Marc Andreessen", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pdx911", "Portland Police", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"jamaicaplain", "Jamaica Plain", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Japton", "Arkansas", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RouteComplex", "Route Complex", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"INSubcontinent", "Indian Subcontinent", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NJTurnpike", "New Jersey Turnpike", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Politifiact", "PolitiFact", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Hiroshima70", "Hiroshima", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GMMBC", "Greater Mt Moriah Baptist Church", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"versethe", "verse the", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TubeStrike", "Tube Strike", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MissionHills", "Mission Hills", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ProtectDenaliWolves", "Protect Denali Wolves", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NANKANA", "Nankana", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SAHIB", "Sahib", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PAKPATTAN", "Pakpattan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Newz_Sacramento", "News Sacramento", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"gofundme", "go fund me", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pmharper", "Stephen Harper", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IvanBerroa", "Ivan Berroa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LosDelSonido", "Los Del Sonido", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bancodeseries", "banco de series", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"timkaine", "Tim Kaine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IdentityTheft", "Identity Theft", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AllLivesMatter", "All Lives Matter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mishacollins", "Misha Collins", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BillNeelyNBC", "Bill Neely", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BeClearOnCancer", "be clear on cancer", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Kowing", "Knowing", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ScreamQueens", "Scream Queens", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AskCharley", "Ask Charley", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BlizzHeroes", "Heroes of the Storm", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BradleyBrad47", "Bradley Brad", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HannaPH", "Typhoon Hanna", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"meinlcymbals", "MEINL Cymbals", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Ptbo", "Peterborough", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cnnbrk", "CNN Breaking News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IndianNews", "Indian News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"savebees", "save bees", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GreenHarvard", "Green Harvard", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"StandwithPP", "Stand with planned parenthood", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"hermancranston", "Herman Cranston", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WMUR9", "WMUR-TV", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RockBottomRadFM", "Rock Bottom Radio", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ameenshaikh3", "Ameen Shaikh", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ProSyn", "Project Syndicate", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Daesh", "ISIS", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"s2g", "swear to god", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"listenlive", "listen live", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CDCgov", "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FoxNew", "Fox News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CBSBigBrother", "Big Brother", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JulieDiCaro", "Julie DiCaro", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"theadvocatemag", "The Advocate Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RohnertParkDPS", "Rohnert Park Police Department", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"THISIZBWRIGHT", "Bonnie Wright", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Popularmmos", "Popular MMOs", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WildHorses", "Wild Horses", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FantasticFour", "Fantastic Four", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HORNDALE", "Horndale", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PINER", "Piner", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BathAndNorthEastSomerset", "Bath and North East Somerset", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"thatswhatfriendsarefor", "that is what friends are for", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"residualincome", "residual income", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"YahooNewsDigest", "Yahoo News Digest", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MalaysiaAirlines", "Malaysia Airlines", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AmazonDeals", "Amazon Deals", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MissCharleyWebb", "Charley Webb", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"shoalstraffic", "shoals traffic", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GeorgeFoster72", "George Foster", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pop2015", "pop 2015", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"_PokemonCards_", "Pokemon Cards", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DianneG", "Dianne Gallagher", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KashmirConflict", "Kashmir Conflict", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BritishBakeOff", "British Bake Off", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FreeKashmir", "Free Kashmir", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mattmosley", "Matt Mosley", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BishopFred", "Bishop Fred", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EndConflict", "End Conflict", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EndOccupation", "End Occupation", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UNHEALED", "unhealed", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CharlesDagnall", "Charles Dagnall", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Latestnews", "Latest news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KindleCountdown", "Kindle Countdown", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NoMoreHandouts", "No More Handouts", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"datingtips", "dating tips", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"charlesadler", "Charles Adler", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"twia", "Texas Windstorm Insurance Association", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"txlege", "Texas Legislature", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WindstormInsurer", "Windstorm Insurer", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Newss", "News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"hempoil", "hemp oil", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CommoditiesAre", "Commodities are", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"tubestrike", "tube strike", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JoeNBC", "Joe Scarborough", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LiteraryCakes", "Literary Cakes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TI5", "The International 5", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"thehill", "the hill", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"3others", "3 others", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"stighefootball", "Sam Tighe", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"whatstheimportantvideo", "what is the important video", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ClaudioMeloni", "Claudio Meloni", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DukeSkywalker", "Duke Skywalker", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"carsonmwr", "Fort Carson", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"offdishduty", "off dish duty", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"andword", "and word", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"rhodeisland", "Rhode Island", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"easternoregon", "Eastern Oregon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WAwildfire", "Washington Wildfire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"fingerrockfire", "Finger Rock Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"57am", "57 am", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"fingerrockfire", "Finger Rock Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JacobHoggard", "Jacob Hoggard", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"newnewnew", "new new new", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"under50", "under 50", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"getitbeforeitsgone", "get it before it is gone", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"freshoutofthebox", "fresh out of the box", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"amwriting", "am writing", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Bokoharm", "Boko Haram", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Nowlike", "Now like", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"seasonfrom", "season from", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"epicente", "epicenter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"epicenterr", "epicenter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"sicklife", "sick life", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"yycweather", "Calgary Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"calgarysun", "Calgary Sun", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"approachng", "approaching", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"evng", "evening", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Sumthng", "something", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EllenPompeo", "Ellen Pompeo", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"shondarhimes", "Shonda Rhimes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ABCNetwork", "ABC Network", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SushmaSwaraj", "Sushma Swaraj", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pray4japan", "Pray for Japan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"hope4japan", "Hope for Japan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Illusionimagess", "Illusion images", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SummerUnderTheStars", "Summer Under The Stars", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ShallWeDance", "Shall We Dance", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TCMParty", "TCM Party", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"marijuananews", "marijuana news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"onbeingwithKristaTippett", "on being with Krista Tippett", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Beingtweets", "Being tweets", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"newauthors", "new authors", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"remedyyyy", "remedy", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"44PM", "44 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HeadlinesApp", "Headlines App", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"40PM", "40 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"myswc", "Severe Weather Center", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ithats", "that is", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"icouldsitinthismomentforever", "I could sit in this moment forever", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FatLoss", "Fat Loss", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"02PM", "02 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MetroFmTalk", "Metro Fm Talk", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Bstrd", "bastard", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bldy", "bloody", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MetrofmTalk", "Metro Fm Talk", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"terrorismturn", "terrorism turn", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BBCNewsAsia", "BBC News Asia", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BehindTheScenes", "Behind The Scenes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"GeorgeTakei", "George Takei", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WomensWeeklyMag", "Womens Weekly Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SurvivorsGuidetoEarth", "Survivors Guide to Earth", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"incubusband", "incubus band", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Babypicturethis", "Baby picture this", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BombEffects", "Bomb Effects", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"win10", "Windows 10", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"idkidk", "I do not know I do not know", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheWalkingDead", "The Walking Dead", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"amyschumer", "Amy Schumer", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"crewlist", "crew list", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Erdogans", "Erdogan", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BBCLive", "BBC Live", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TonyAbbottMHR", "Tony Abbott", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"paulmyerscough", "Paul Myerscough", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"georgegallagher", "George Gallagher", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JimmieJohnson", "Jimmie Johnson", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"pctool", "pc tool", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DoingHashtagsRight", "Doing Hashtags Right", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ThrowbackThursday", "Throwback Thursday", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SnowBackSunday", "Snowback Sunday", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LakeEffect", "Lake Effect", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RTphotographyUK", "Richard Thomas Photography UK", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BigBang_CBS", "Big Bang CBS", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"writerslife", "writers life", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NaturalBirth", "Natural Birth", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UnusualWords", "Unusual Words", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wizkhalifa", "Wiz Khalifa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"acreativedc", "a creative DC", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"vscodc", "vsco DC", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"VSCOcam", "vsco camera", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheBEACHDC", "The beach DC", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"buildingmuseum", "building museum", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WorldOil", "World Oil", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"redwedding", "red wedding", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AmazingRaceCanada", "Amazing Race Canada", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WakeUpAmerica", "Wake Up America", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"\\Allahuakbar\", "Allahu Akbar", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bleased", "blessed", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"nigeriantribune", "Nigerian Tribune", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HIDEO_KOJIMA_EN", "Hideo Kojima", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FusionFestival", "Fusion Festival", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"50Mixed", "50 Mixed", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NoAgenda", "No Agenda", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WhiteGenocide", "White Genocide", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"dirtylying", "dirty lying", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SyrianRefugees", "Syrian Refugees", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"changetheworld", "change the world", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Ebolacase", "Ebola case", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mcgtech", "mcg technologies", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"withweapons", "with weapons", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"advancedwarfare", "advanced warfare", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"letsFootball", "let us Football", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LateNiteMix", "late night mix", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PhilCollinsFeed", "Phil Collins", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RudyHavenstein", "Rudy Havenstein", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"22PM", "22 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"54am", "54 AM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"38am", "38 AM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OldFolkExplainStuff", "Old Folk Explain Stuff", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BlacklivesMatter", "Black Lives Matter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"InsaneLimits", "Insane Limits", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"youcantsitwithus", "you cannot sit with us", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"2k15", "2015", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheIran", "Iran", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JimmyFallon", "Jimmy Fallon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AlbertBrooks", "Albert Brooks", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"defense_news", "defense news", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"nuclearrcSA", "Nuclear Risk Control Self Assessment", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Auspol", "Australia Politics", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NuclearPower", "Nuclear Power", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WhiteTerrorism", "White Terrorism", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"truthfrequencyradio", "Truth Frequency Radio", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ErasureIsNotEquality", "Erasure is not equality", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ProBonoNews", "Pro Bono News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JakartaPost", "Jakarta Post", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"toopainful", "too painful", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"melindahaunton", "Melinda Haunton", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NoNukes", "No Nukes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"curryspcworld", "Currys PC World", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ineedcake", "I need cake", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"blackforestgateau", "black forest gateau", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BBCOne", "BBC One", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AlexxPage", "Alex Page", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"jonathanserrie", "Jonathan Serrie", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SocialJerkBlog", "Social Jerk Blog", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ChelseaVPeretti", "Chelsea Peretti", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"irongiant", "iron giant", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RonFunches", "Ron Funches", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TimCook", "Tim Cook", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"sebastianstanisaliveandwell", "Sebastian Stan is alive and well", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Madsummer", "Mad summer", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NowYouKnow", "Now you know", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"concertphotography", "concert photography", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TomLandry", "Tom Landry", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"showgirldayoff", "show girl day off", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Yougslavia", "Yugoslavia", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"QuantumDataInformatics", "Quantum Data Informatics", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FromTheDesk", "From The Desk", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheaterTrial", "Theater Trial", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CatoInstitute", "Cato Institute", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EmekaGift", "Emeka Gift", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LetsBe_Rational", "Let us be rational", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Cynicalreality", "Cynical reality", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FredOlsenCruise", "Fred Olsen Cruise", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NotSorry", "not sorry", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"UseYourWords", "use your words", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WordoftheDay", "word of the day", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Dictionarycom", "Dictionary.com", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheBrooklynLife", "The Brooklyn Life", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"jokethey", "joke they", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"nflweek1picks", "NFL week 1 picks", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"uiseful", "useful", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JusticeDotOrg", "The American Association for Justice", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"autoaccidents", "auto accidents", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SteveGursten", "Steve Gursten", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MichiganAutoLaw", "Michigan Auto Law", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"birdgang", "bird gang", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"nflnetwork", "NFL Network", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NYDNSports", "NY Daily News Sports", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RVacchianoNYDN", "Ralph Vacchiano NY Daily News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EdmontonEsks", "Edmonton Eskimos", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"david_brelsford", "David Brelsford", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TOI_India", "The Times of India", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"hegot", "he got", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SkinsOn9", "Skins on 9", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"sothathappened", "so that happened", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"LCOutOfDoors", "LC Out Of Doors", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NationFirst", "Nation First", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IndiaToday", "India Today", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HLPS", "helps", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"HOSTAGESTHROSW", "hostages throw", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SNCTIONS", "sanctions", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BidTime", "Bid Time", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"crunchysensible", "crunchy sensible", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RandomActsOfRomance", "Random acts of romance", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MomentsAtHill", "Moments at hill", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"eatshit", "eat shit", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"liveleakfun", "live leak fun", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SahelNews", "Sahel News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"abc7newsbayarea", "ABC 7 News Bay Area", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"facilitiesmanagement", "facilities management", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"facilitydude", "facility dude", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CampLogistics", "Camp logistics", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"alaskapublic", "Alaska public", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MarketResearch", "Market Research", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AccuracyEsports", "Accuracy Esports", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheBodyShopAust", "The Body Shop Australia", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"yychail", "Calgary hail", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"yyctraffic", "Calgary traffic", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"eliotschool", "eliot school", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"TheBrokenCity", "The Broken City", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OldsFireDept", "Olds Fire Department", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"RiverComplex", "River Complex", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"fieldworksmells", "field work smells", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IranElection", "Iran Election", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"glowng", "glowing", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"kindlng", "kindling", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"riggd", "rigged", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"slownewsday", "slow news day", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MyanmarFlood", "Myanmar Flood", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"abc7chicago", "ABC 7 Chicago", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"copolitics", "Colorado Politics", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"AdilGhumro", "Adil Ghumro", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"netbots", "net bots", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"byebyeroad", "bye bye road", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"massiveflooding", "massive flooding", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EndofUS", "End of United States", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"35PM", "35 PM", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"greektheatrela", "Greek Theatre Los Angeles", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"76mins", "76 minutes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"publicsafetyfirst", "public safety first", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"livesmatter", "lives matter", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"myhometown", "my hometown", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"tankerfire", "tanker fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MEMORIALDAY", "memorial day", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MEMORIAL_DAY", "memorial day", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"instaxbooty", "instagram booty", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Jerusalem_Post", "Jerusalem Post", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WayneRooney_INA", "Wayne Rooney", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"VirtualReality", "Virtual Reality", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OculusRift", "Oculus Rift", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OwenJones84", "Owen Jones", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"jeremycorbyn", "Jeremy Corbyn", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"paulrogers002", "Paul Rogers", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mortalkombatx", "Mortal Kombat X", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mortalkombat", "Mortal Kombat", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FilipeCoelho92", "Filipe Coelho", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"OnlyQuakeNews", "Only Quake News", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"kostumes", "costumes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"YEEESSSS", "yes", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ToshikazuKatayama", "Toshikazu Katayama", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IntlDevelopment", "Intl Development", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ExtremeWeather", "Extreme Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WereNotGruberVoters", "We are not gruber voters", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NewsThousands", "News Thousands", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EdmundAdamus", "Edmund Adamus", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"EyewitnessWV", "Eye witness WV", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PhiladelphiaMuseu", "Philadelphia Museum", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"DublinComicCon", "Dublin Comic Con", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NicholasBrendon", "Nicholas Brendon", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Alltheway80s", "All the way 80s", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FromTheField", "From the field", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NorthIowa", "North Iowa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"WillowFire", "Willow Fire", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"MadRiverComplex", "Mad River Complex", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"feelingmanly", "feeling manly", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"stillnotoverit", "still not over it", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"FortitudeValley", "Fortitude Valley", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CoastpowerlineTramTr", "Coast powerline", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ServicesGold", "Services Gold", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NewsbrokenEmergency", "News broken emergency", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Evaucation", "evacuation", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"leaveevacuateexitbe", "leave evacuate exit be", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"P_EOPLE", "PEOPLE", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Tubestrike", "tube strike", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"CLASS_SICK", "CLASS SICK", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"localplumber", "local plumber", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"awesomejobsiri", "awesome job siri", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"PayForItHow", "Pay for it how", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ThisIsAfrica", "This is Africa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"crimeairnetwork", "crime air network", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"KimAcheson", "Kim Acheson", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cityofcalgary", "City of Calgary", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"prosyndicate", "pro syndicate", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"660NEWS", "660 NEWS", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"BusInsMagazine", "Business Insurance Magazine", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wfocus", "focus", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"ShastaDam", "Shasta Dam", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"go2MarkFranco", "Mark Franco", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"StephGHinojosa", "Steph Hinojosa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Nashgrier", "Nash Grier", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"NashNewVideo", "Nash new video", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"IWouldntGetElectedBecause", "I would not get elected because", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SHGames", "Sledgehammer Games", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"bedhair", "bed hair", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"JoelHeyman", "Joel Heyman", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"viaYouTube", "via YouTube", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"https?:\/\/t.co\/[A-Za-z0-9]+", "", tweet)
 punctuations = '@
for p in punctuations:
tweet = tweet.replace(p, f' {p} ')
 tweet = tweet.replace('...', '...')
 if '...' not in tweet:
tweet = tweet.replace('.. ', '...')
 tweet = re.sub(r"MH370", "Malaysia Airlines Flight 370", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"mÌ¼sica", "music", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"okwx", "Oklahoma City Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"arwx", "Arkansas Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"gawx", "Georgia Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"scwx", "South Carolina Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"cawx", "California Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"tnwx", "Tennessee Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"azwx", "Arizona Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"alwx", "Alabama Weather", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"wordpressdotcom", "wordpress", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"usNWSgov", "United States National Weather Service", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Suruc", "Sanliurfa", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"Bestnaijamade", "bestnaijamade", tweet)
 tweet = re.sub(r"SOUDELOR", "Soudelor", tweet)
 return tweet
train_features = pd.read_csv('.. /input/lish-moa/train_features.csv')
 train_targets = pd.read_csv('.. /input/lish-moa/train_targets_scored.csv')
 test_features = pd.read_csv('.. /input/lish-moa/test_features.csv')
 ss = pd.read_csv('.. /input/lish-moa/sample_submission.csv' )<categorify>
train_df["text_cleaned"] = train_df["text"].apply(lambda s:clean(s))
test_df["text_cleaned"] = test_df["text"].apply(lambda s:clean(s))
def preprocess(df):
df.loc[:, 'cp_type'] = df.loc[:, 'cp_type'].map({'trt_cp': 0, 'ctl_vehicle': 1})
 df.loc[:, 'cp_dose'] = df.loc[:, 'cp_dose'].map({'D1': 0, 'D2': 1})
 del df['sig_id']
return df
train = preprocess(train_features)
 test = preprocess(test_features)
 del train_targets['sig_id']<choose_model_class>
train_glove_oov,train_glove_coverage,train_glove_text = check_embedding_coverage(train_df["text_cleaned"],glove_embeddings)
 test_glove_oov,test_glove_coverage,test_glove_text = check_embedding_coverage(test_df["text_cleaned"],glove_embeddings)
 print("Glove embedding cover {} of vocabulary and {} of text in the training dataset".format(train_glove_coverage,train_glove_text))
print("Glove embedding cover  {} of vocabularly and {} of text in the test dataset".format(test_glove_coverage,test_glove_text))
def create_model(num_columns):
model = tf.keras.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Input(num_columns),
tf.keras.layers.BatchNormalization() ,
tfa.layers.WeightNormalization(tf.keras.layers.Dense(6144, activation="relu")) ,
tf.keras.layers.BatchNormalization() ,
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.4),
tfa.layers.WeightNormalization(tf.keras.layers.Dense(6144, activation="relu")) ,
tf.keras.layers.BatchNormalization() ,
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.4),
tfa.layers.WeightNormalization(tf.keras.layers.Dense(206, activation="sigmoid"))
])
 model.compile(optimizer=tfa.optimizers.Lookahead(tf.optimizers.Adam(lr=1e-4), sync_period=10),
loss='binary_crossentropy' 
)
 return model<define_variables>
train_fastext_oov,train_fastext_coverage,train_fastext_text = check_embedding_coverage(train_df["text_cleaned"],fasttext_embeddings)
 test_fastext_oov,test_fastext_coverage,test_fastext_text = check_embedding_coverage(test_df["text_cleaned"],fasttext_embeddings)
 print("FastText embedding cover {} of vocabulary and {} of text in the training dataset".format(train_fastext_coverage,train_fastext_text))
print("FastText embedding cover {} of vocabularly and {} of text in the test dataset".format(test_fastext_coverage,test_fastext_text))
top_feats = [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15,
16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46,
48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,
63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76,
78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92,
93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107,
108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134,
135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147,
149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 157, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164,
165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180,
181, 182, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195,
197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213,
214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230,
231, 232, 233, 234, 236, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245,
246, 248, 249, 250, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260,
261, 263, 265, 266, 268, 270, 271, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 279,
282, 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 294, 295, 296, 297, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 315,
316, 317, 320, 321, 322, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331,
332, 333, 334, 335, 338, 339, 340, 341, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347,
349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362,
363, 364, 365, 366, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 374, 375, 376, 377,
378, 379, 380, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391,
392, 393, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 403, 405, 406, 407,
408, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422,
423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435,
436, 437, 438, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450,
452, 453, 454, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465,
466, 468, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 482,
483, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 491, 492, 494, 495, 496, 500, 501,
502, 503, 505, 506, 507, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 516, 517,
518, 519, 521, 523, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533,
534, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547,
549, 550, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563,
564, 565, 566, 567, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 577, 580,
581, 582, 583, 586, 587, 590, 591, 592, 593, 595, 596, 597, 598,
599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 605, 607, 608, 609, 611, 612, 613, 614,
615, 616, 617, 619, 622, 623, 625, 627, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634,
635, 637, 638, 639, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 649, 650, 651,
652, 654, 655, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 666, 667, 668,
669, 670, 672, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 680, 681, 682, 684, 685,
686, 687, 688, 689, 691, 692, 694, 695, 696, 697, 699, 700, 701,
702, 703, 704, 705, 707, 708, 709, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716,
717, 723, 725, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 734, 736, 737, 738,
739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751,
752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765,
766, 767, 769, 770, 771, 772, 774, 775, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784,
785, 787, 788, 790, 793, 795, 797, 799, 800, 801, 805, 808, 809,
811, 812, 813, 816, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 825, 826, 827, 829,
831, 832, 833, 834, 835, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 844, 845,
846, 847, 848, 850, 851, 852, 854, 855, 856, 858, 860, 861, 862,
864, 867, 868, 870, 871, 873, 874]
print(len(top_feats))<train_model>
del(train_fastext_oov)
 del(test_fastext_oov)
 del(train_glove_oov)
 del(test_glove_oov)
 del(glove_embeddings)
 del(fasttext_embeddings )
N_STARTS = 3
res = train_targets.copy()
ss.loc[:, train_targets.columns] = 0
res.loc[:, train_targets.columns] = 0
for seed in range(N_STARTS):
for n,(tr, te)in enumerate(KFold(n_splits=5, random_state=seed, shuffle=True ).split(train_targets)) :
print(f'Fold {n+1}')
 model = create_model(len(top_feats))
reduce_lr_loss = ReduceLROnPlateau(monitor='val_loss', factor=0.1, patience=3, verbose=1, epsilon=1e-4, mode='min')
 model.fit(train.values[tr][:, top_feats],
train_targets.astype(float ).values[tr],
validation_data=(train.values[te][:, top_feats], train_targets.astype(float ).values[te]),
epochs=45, batch_size=128,
callbacks=[reduce_lr_loss], verbose=2 
)
 ss.loc[:, train_targets.columns] += model.predict(test_features.values[:, top_feats])
 res.loc[te, train_targets.columns] += model.predict(train.values[te][:, top_feats])
 print('')
 ss.loc[:, train_targets.columns] /=(( n+1)* N_STARTS)
 res.loc[:, train_targets.columns] /= N_STARTS<compute_test_metric>
missalabeled_text = train_df.groupby("text" ).nunique().sort_values(by="target",ascending =False)
 df =missalabeled_text[missalabeled_text["target"] > 1]
df.index.tolist()
metrics = []
for _target in train_targets.columns:
metrics.append(log_loss(train_targets.loc[:, _target], res.loc[:, _target]))
print(f'OOF Metric: {np.mean(metrics)}' )<compute_train_metric>
train_df["rebuild_target"] = train_df["target"].copy()
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="like for the music video I want some real action shit like burning buildings and police chases not some weak ben winston shit","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="Hellfire! We don\x89Ûªt even want to think about it or mention it so let\x89Ûªs not do anything that leads to it
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="The Prophet(peace be upon him)said 'Save yourself from Hellfire even if it is by giving half a date in charity.'","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="In
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="To fight bioterrorism sir.","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="Who is bringing the tornadoes and floods.Who is bringing the climate change.God is after America He is plaguing her
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="He came to a land which was engulfed in tribal war and turned it into a land of peace i.e.Madinah.
 train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="RT NotExplained: The only known image of infamous hijacker D.B.Cooper.http://t.co/JlzK2HdeTG","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="Hellfire is surrounded by desires so be careful and don\x89Ûªt let your desires control you!
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="CLEARED:incident with injury:I-495 inner loop Exit 31 - MD 97/Georgia Ave Silver Spring","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="Mmmmmm I'm burning.... I'm burning buildings I'm building.... Oooooohhhh oooh ooh...","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="wowo--=== 12000 Nigerian refugees repatriated from Cameroon","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]==".POTUS
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="Caution: breathing may be hazardous to your health.","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="I Pledge Allegiance To The P.O.P.E.And The Burning Buildings of Epic City.??????","rebuild_target"]=0
train_df.loc[train_df["text"]=="that horrible sinking feeling when you\x89Ûªve been at home on your phone for a while and you realise its been on 3G this whole time","rebuild_target"]=0
metrics = []
res.loc[train['cp_type']==1, train_targets.columns] = 0
for _target in train_targets.columns:
metrics.append(log_loss(train_targets.loc[:, _target], res.loc[:, _target]))
print(f'OOF Metric with postprocessing: {np.mean(metrics)}' )<feature_engineering>
k=2
SEED= 1337
sk = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=k,random_state=SEED,shuffle=True)
 Disaster = train_df["target"] == 1
print("Whole Training Set Shape = {}".format(train_df.shape))
print("Whole Training Set Unique keyword Count = {}".format(train_df["keyword"].nunique()))
print("Whole training Set Target Rate(Disaster){}/{}".format(train_df[Disaster]["rebuild_target"].count() ,\
train_df[~Disaster]["rebuild_target"].count()))
for fold,(tr_idx,val_idx)in enumerate(sk.split(train_df["text_cleaned"],train_df["rebuild_target"]),\
1):
print("
Fold {} Training Set Shape={} - Validation Set Shape={}".format(fold,train_df.loc[tr_idx,"text_cleaned"].shape,\
train_df.loc[val_idx,"text_cleaned"].shape))
print("Fold {} Training Set unique keywords count{} - Validation Set unique keywords count{}".format(fold,\
train_df.loc[tr_idx,"keyword"].nunique() ,train_df.loc[val_idx,"keyword"]\ 
.nunique()))
ss.loc[test['cp_type']==1, train_targets.columns] = 0<save_to_csv>
class ClassificationReport(Callback):
def __init__(self,train_data=() ,val_data=()):
super(Callback,self ).__init__()
self.X_train,self.y_train = train_data
self.train_precision_scores = []
self.train_recall_scores = []
self.train_f1_scores = []
self.X_val,self.y_val = val_data
self.val_precision_scores = []
self.val_recall_scores = []
self.val_f1_scores = []
def on_epoch_end(self,epoch,logs={}):
train_prediction = np.round(self.model.predict(self.X_train,verbose=0))
train_precision = precision_score(self.y_train,train_prediction,average="macro")
 train_recall = recall_score(self.y_train,train_prediction,average="macro")
 train_f1 = f1_score(self.y_train,train_prediction,average="macro")
 self.train_precision_scores.append(train_precision)
 self.train_recall_scores.append(train_recall)
 self.train_f1_scores.append(train_f1)
 val_prediction = np.round(self.model.predict(self.X_val,verbose=0))
val_precision = precision_score(self.y_val,val_prediction,average="macro")
 val_recall = recall_score(self.y_val,val_prediction,average="macro")
 val_f1 = f1_score(self.y_val,val_prediction,average="macro")
 self.val_precision_scores.append(val_precision)
 self.val_recall_scores.append(val_recall)
 self.val_f1_scores.append(val_f1)
 print("
Epoch: {} - Training Precision: {} - Training Recall: {} - Training F1: {}".format(\
epoch+1,train_precision,train_recall,train_f1))
print("
Epoch: {} - Validation Precision: {} - Validation Recall: {} - Validation F1: {}".format(\
epoch+1,val_precision,val_recall,val_f1))
ss.to_csv('submission.csv', index=False )<install_modules>
class BertDisasterDetecter:
def __init__(self,max_seq_length=128,epoch=100,batch_size=128,lr=1e-3):
self.bert=hub.KerasLayer("https://tfhub.dev/tensorflow/bert_en_uncased_L-12_H-768_A-12/1",
trainable=True)
 self.epoch = epoch
self.lr = lr
self.max_seq_length = max_seq_length
self.batch_size = batch_size
vocab_file = self.bert.resolved_object.vocab_file.asset_path.numpy()
do_lower_case = self.bert.resolved_object.do_lower_case.numpy()
self.tokenizer = tokenization.FullTokenizer(vocab_file, do_lower_case)
 self.models = []
self.scores = {}
def encode(self,texts):
all_tokens = []
all_mask = []
all_segment = []
for text in texts:
tx= self.tokenizer.tokenize(text)
 tx = ['[CLS]']+tx[:self.max_seq_length - 2] + ['[SEP]']
pad_len = self.max_seq_length - len(tx)
 tokens = self.tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(tx)
 tokens += [0] * pad_len
mask_ids = [1]*len(tx)+ [0]*pad_len
segments_ids = [0] * self.max_seq_length
all_tokens.append(tokens)
 all_mask.append(mask_ids)
 all_segment.append(segments_ids)
 return np.array(all_tokens),np.array(all_mask),np.array(all_segment)
 def build_model(self):
input_word_ids = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(self.max_seq_length,), dtype=tf.int32,
name="input_word_ids")
 input_mask = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(self.max_seq_length,), dtype=tf.int32,
name="input_mask")
 segment_ids = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(self.max_seq_length,), dtype=tf.int32,
name="segment_ids")
 pooled_output, sequence_output = self.bert([input_word_ids, input_mask, segment_ids])
 x = sequence_output[:,0,:]
output = Dense(1,activation="sigmoid" )(x)
 model =Model(inputs=[input_word_ids,input_mask,segment_ids],outputs=output)
 model.compile(optimizer =SGD(self.lr,momentum=0.8),loss="binary_crossentropy",metrics=['accuracy'])
 return model
def train(self):
for fold,(train_ind,test_ind)in enumerate(sk.split(train_df["text_cleaned"],train_df["keyword"])) :
print("
Fold {}
".format(fold))
Xtr = train_df.loc[train_ind,"text_cleaned"].str.lower()
Ytr = train_df.loc[train_ind,"rebuild_target"]
Xval = train_df.loc[test_ind,"text_cleaned"].str.lower()
Yval = train_df.loc[test_ind,"rebuild_target"]
Xtr_encoded = self.encode(Xtr)
 Xval_encoded = self.encode(Xval)
 model = self.build_model()
metrics = ClassificationReport(train_data=(Xtr_encoded,Ytr),val_data=(Xval_encoded,Yval))
model.fit(Xtr_encoded,Ytr,callbacks=metrics,batch_size=self.batch_size,epochs=self.epoch,\
validation_data=(Xval_encoded,Yval))
self.models.append(model)
 self.scores[fold] = {
'train':{
"precision" : metrics.train_precision_scores,
"recall":metrics.train_recall_scores,
"f1":metrics.train_f1_scores},
"validation":{
"precision":metrics.val_precision_scores,
"recall":metrics.val_precision_scores,
"f1":metrics.val_f1_scores
}
}
def plot_curve(self):
fig,axes = plt.subplots(nrows=k,ncols=2,figsize=(20,k*6),dpi=100)
 for i in range(k):
sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.models[i].history.history["val_accuracy"],\
ax=axes[i][0],label="val_accuracy")
 sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.scores[i]["validation"]["precision"],\
ax=axes[i][0],label="val_precision")
 sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.scores[i]["validation"]["recall"],\
ax=axes[i][0],label="val_recall")
 sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.scores[i]["validation"]["f1"],\
ax=axes[i][0],label="val_f1")
 axes[i][0].legend()
axes[i][0].set_title("Fold {} Validation classification Reports".format(i),fontsize=14)
 sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.models[i].history.history["loss"],\
ax=axes[i][1],label="train_loss")
 sns.lineplot(x=np.arange(1,self.epoch+1),y=self.models[i].history.history["val_loss"],\
ax =axes[i][1],label="val_loss")
 axes[i][1].legend()
axes[i][1].set_title("Fold {} Train / Validation Loss".format(i),fontsize=14)
 for j in range(2):
axes[i][j].set_xlabel('Epoch',size=12)
 axes[i][j].tick_params(axis="x",labelsize=12)
 axes[i][j].tick_params(axis="y",labelsize=12)
 plt.show()
def predict(self,X):
encoded_X = self.encode(X)
 prediction=[]
for i in range(k):
prediction.append(self.models[i].predict(encoded_X ).T)
 return np.mean(prediction,axis=0 ).T
!pip install --no-deps '.. /input/timm-package/timm-0.1.26-py3-none-any.whl' > /dev/null
!pip install --no-deps '.. /input/pycocotools/pycocotools-2.0-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl' > /dev/null<define_variables>
clf = BertDisasterDetecter(max_seq_length=128,lr=1e-3,epoch=2,batch_size=32)
 clf.train()
img_size = 1024<concatenate>
ypred= clf.predict(test_df["text_cleaned"].values )
def get_valid_transforms() :
return A.Compose([
A.Resize(height=img_size, width=img_size, p=1.0),
ToTensorV2(p=1.0),
], p=1.0 )<data_type_conversions>
model_submission = pd.read_csv("/kaggle/input/nlp-getting-started/sample_submission.csv")
 model_submission['target'] = np.round(ypred ).astype('int')
 model_submission.to_csv('model_submission.csv', index=False)
 model_submission.describe()