---
id: transactions
title: RPC Endpoints
sidebar_label: Transactions
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem';

The RPC API enables you to send transactions and query their status.

---

## Send transaction {#send-tx}

> Sends transaction.
> Returns the guaranteed execution status and the results the blockchain can provide at the moment.

- method: `send_tx`
- params: 
  - `signed_tx_base64`: SignedTransaction encoded in base64
  - [Optional] `wait_until`: the required minimal execution level. [Read more here](#tx-status-result). The default value is `EXECUTED_OPTIMISTIC`.

Using `send_tx` with `wait_until = NONE` is equal to legacy `broadcast_tx_async` method.  
Using `send_tx` with finality `wait_until = EXECUTED_OPTIMISTIC` is equal to legacy `broadcast_tx_commit` method.

Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "send_tx",
  "params": {
    "signed_tx_base64": "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDwAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldNMnL7URB1cxPOu3G8jTqlEwlcasagIbKlAJlF5ywVFLAQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAGQcOG03xVSFQFjoagOb4NBBqWhERnnz45LY4+52JgZhm1iQKz7qAdPByrGFDQhQ2Mfga8RlbysuQ8D8LlA6bQE=",
    "wait_until": "INCLUDED_FINAL"
  }
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 id=dontcare method=send_tx \
    params:='{
      "signed_tx_base64": "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDwAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldNMnL7URB1cxPOu3G8jTqlEwlcasagIbKlAJlF5ywVFLAQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAGQcOG03xVSFQFjoagOb4NBBqWhERnnz45LY4+52JgZhm1iQKz7qAdPByrGFDQhQ2Mfga8RlbysuQ8D8LlA6bQE=",
      "wait_until": "EXECUTED"
    }'
```

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 id=dontcare method=send_tx \
    params:='{
      "signed_tx_base64": "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDwAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldNMnL7URB1cxPOu3G8jTqlEwlcasagIbKlAJlF5ywVFLAQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAGQcOG03xVSFQFjoagOb4NBBqWhERnnz45LY4+52JgZhm1iQKz7qAdPByrGFDQhQ2Mfga8RlbysuQ8D8LlA6bQE="
    }'
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

<details>
<summary>Example response: </summary>
<p>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "final_execution_status": "FINAL",
    "status": {
      "SuccessValue": ""
    },
    "transaction": {
      "signer_id": "sender.testnet",
      "public_key": "ed25519:Gowpa4kXNyTMRKgt5W7147pmcc2PxiFic8UHW9rsNvJ6",
      "nonce": 13,
      "receiver_id": "receiver.testnet",
      "actions": [
        {
          "Transfer": {
            "deposit": "1000000000000000000000000"
          }
        }
      ],
      "signature": "ed25519:7oCBMfSHrZkT7tzPDBxxCd3tWFhTES38eks3MCZMpYPJRfPWKxJsvmwQiVBBxRLoxPTnXVaMU2jPV3MdFKZTobH",
      "hash": "ASS7oYwGiem9HaNwJe6vS2kznx2CxueKDvU9BAYJRjNR"
    },
    "transaction_outcome": {
      "proof": [],
      "block_hash": "9MzuZrRPW1BGpFnZJUJg6SzCrixPpJDfjsNeUobRXsLe",
      "id": "ASS7oYwGiem9HaNwJe6vS2kznx2CxueKDvU9BAYJRjNR",
      "outcome": {
        "logs": [],
        "receipt_ids": ["BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh"],
        "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
        "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
        "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
        "status": {
          "SuccessReceiptId": "BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh"
        }
      }
    },
    "receipts_outcome": [
      {
        "proof": [],
        "block_hash": "5Hpj1PeCi32ZkNXgiD1DrW4wvW4Xtic74DJKfyJ9XL3a",
        "id": "BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": ["3sawynPNP8UkeCviGqJGwiwEacfPyxDKRxsEWPpaUqtR"],
          "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
          "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
          "executor_id": "receiver.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "proof": [],
        "block_hash": "CbwEqMpPcu6KwqVpBM3Ry83k6M4H1FrJjES9kBXThcRd",
        "id": "3sawynPNP8UkeCviGqJGwiwEacfPyxDKRxsEWPpaUqtR",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": [],
          "gas_burnt": 0,
          "tokens_burnt": "0",
          "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "id": "dontcare"
}
```

</p>
</details>

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong-send-tx}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `broadcast_tx_commit` method:

<table className="custom-stripe">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="2">HANDLER_ERROR</td>
      <td>INVALID_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>An error happened during transaction execution</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>See <code>error.cause.info</code> for details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>TIMEOUT_ERROR</td>
      <td>Transaction was routed, but has not been recorded on chain in 10 seconds.</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li> Re-submit the request with the identical transaction (in NEAR Protocol unique transactions apply exactly once, so if the previously sent transaction gets applied, this request will just return the known result, otherwise, it will route the transaction to the chain once again)</li>
          <li>Check that your transaction is valid</li>
          <li>Check that the signer account id has enough tokens to cover the transaction fees (keep in mind that some tokens on each account are locked to cover the storage cost)</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr className="stripe">
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>Something went wrong with the node itself or overloaded</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

---

## Transaction Status {#transaction-status}

> Queries status of a transaction by hash and returns the final transaction result.

- method: `tx`
- params:
  - `tx_hash` _(see [NearBlocks Explorer](https://testnet.nearblocks.io) for a valid transaction hash)_
  - `sender_account_id` _(used to determine which shard to query for transaction)_
  - [Optional] `wait_until`: the required minimal execution level. Read more [here](/api/rpc/transactions#tx-status-result). The default value is `EXECUTED_OPTIMISTIC`.

A Transaction status request with `wait_until != NONE` will wait until the transaction appears on the blockchain.
If the transaction does not exist, the method will wait until the timeout is reached.
If you only need to check whether the transaction exists, use `wait_until = NONE`, it will return the response immediately.

Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "tx",
  "params": {
    "tx_hash": "6zgh2u9DqHHiXzdy9ouTP7oGky2T4nugqzqt9wJZwNFm",
    "sender_account_id": "sender.testnet",
    "wait_until": "EXECUTED"
  }
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 id=dontcare method=tx \
    params:='{"tx_hash": "6zgh2u9DqHHiXzdy9ouTP7oGky2T4nugqzqt9wJZwNFm", "sender_account_id": "sender.testnet"}'
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

<details>
<summary>Example Result:</summary>
<p>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "final_execution_status": "FINAL",
    "status": {
      "SuccessValue": ""
    },
    "transaction": {
      "signer_id": "sender.testnet",
      "public_key": "ed25519:Gowpa4kXNyTMRKgt5W7147pmcc2PxiFic8UHW9rsNvJ6",
      "nonce": 15,
      "receiver_id": "receiver.testnet",
      "actions": [
        {
          "Transfer": {
            "deposit": "1000000000000000000000000"
          }
        }
      ],
      "signature": "ed25519:3168QMdTpcwHvM1dmMYBc8hg9J3Wn8n7MWBSE9WrEpns6P5CaY87RM6k4uzyBkQuML38CZhU18HzmQEevPG1zCvk",
      "hash": "6zgh2u9DqHHiXzdy9ouTP7oGky2T4nugqzqt9wJZwNFm"
    },
    "transaction_outcome": {
      "proof": [
        {
          "hash": "F7mL76CMdfbdZ3xCehVGNh1fCyaR37gr3MeGX3EZkiVf",
          "direction": "Right"
        }
      ],
      "block_hash": "ADTMLVtkhsvzUxuf6m87Pt1dnF5vi1yY7ftxmNpFx7y",
      "id": "6zgh2u9DqHHiXzdy9ouTP7oGky2T4nugqzqt9wJZwNFm",
      "outcome": {
        "logs": [],
        "receipt_ids": ["3dMfwczW5GQqXbD9GMTnmf8jy5uACxG6FC5dWxm3KcXT"],
        "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
        "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
        "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
        "status": {
          "SuccessReceiptId": "3dMfwczW5GQqXbD9GMTnmf8jy5uACxG6FC5dWxm3KcXT"
        }
      }
    },
    "receipts_outcome": [
      {
        "proof": [
          {
            "hash": "6h95oEd7ih62KXfyPT4zsZYont4qy9sWEXc5VQVDhqtG",
            "direction": "Right"
          },
          {
            "hash": "6DnibgZk1T669ZprcehUy1GpCSPw1kjzXRGu69nSaUNn",
            "direction": "Right"
          }
        ],
        "block_hash": "GgFTVr33r4MrpAiHc9mr8TZqLnpZAX1BaZTNvhBnciy2",
        "id": "3dMfwczW5GQqXbD9GMTnmf8jy5uACxG6FC5dWxm3KcXT",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": ["46KYgN8ddxs4Qy8C7BDQH49XUfcYZsaQmAvdU1nfcL9V"],
          "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
          "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
          "executor_id": "receiver.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "proof": [
          {
            "hash": "CD9Y7Bw3MSFgaPZzpc1yP51ajhGDCAsR61qXcMNcRoHf",
            "direction": "Left"
          }
        ],
        "block_hash": "EGAgKuW6Bd6QKYSaxAkx2pPGmnjrjAcq4UpoUiqMXvPH",
        "id": "46KYgN8ddxs4Qy8C7BDQH49XUfcYZsaQmAvdU1nfcL9V",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": [],
          "gas_burnt": 0,
          "tokens_burnt": "0",
          "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "id": "dontcare"
}
```

</p>
</details>

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong-2}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `tx` method:

<table className="custom-stripe">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="3">HANDLER_ERROR</td>
      <td>INVALID_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>An error happened during transaction execution</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>See <code>error.cause.info</code> for details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>The requested transaction is not available on the node since it might have not been recorded on the chain yet or has been garbage-collected</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>If the transaction had been submitted more than 5 epochs ago, try to send your request to <a href="https://near-nodes.io/intro/node-types#archival-node">an archival node</a></li>
          <li>Check the transaction hash</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>TIMEOUT_ERROR</td>
      <td>It was unable to wait for the transaction status for reasonable time</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Try again later</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr className="stripe">
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>Something went wrong with the node itself or overloaded</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

---

## Transaction Status with Receipts {#transaction-status-with-receipts}

> Queries status of a transaction by hash, returning the final transaction result _and_ details of all receipts.

- method: `EXPERIMENTAL_tx_status`
- params:
  - `tx_hash` _(see [NearBlocks Explorer](https://testnet.nearblocks.io) for a valid transaction hash)_
  - `sender_account_id` _(used to determine which shard to query for transaction)_
  - [Optional] `wait_until`: the required minimal execution level. Read more [here](/api/rpc/transactions#tx-status-result). The default value is `EXECUTED_OPTIMISTIC`.

A Transaction status request with `wait_until != NONE` will wait until the transaction appears on the blockchain.
If the transaction does not exist, the method will wait until the timeout is reached.
If you only need to check whether the transaction exists, use `wait_until = NONE`, it will return the response immediately.


Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "EXPERIMENTAL_tx_status",
  "params": {
    "tx_hash": "HEgnVQZfs9uJzrqTob4g2Xmebqodq9waZvApSkrbcAhd",
    "sender_account_id": "bowen",
    "wait_until": "EXECUTED"
  }
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 method=EXPERIMENTAL_tx_status params:='{"tx_hash": "HEgnVQZfs9uJzrqTob4g2Xmebqodq9waZvApSkrbcAhd", "sender_account_id": "bowen"}' id=dontcare
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

<details>
<summary>Example response:</summary>
<p>

```json
{
  "id": "123",
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "final_execution_status": "FINAL",
    "receipts": [
      {
        "predecessor_id": "bowen",
        "receipt": {
          "Action": {
            "actions": [
              {
                "FunctionCall": {
                  "args": "eyJhbW91bnQiOiIxMDAwIiwicmVjZWl2ZXJfaWQiOiJib3dlbiJ9",
                  "deposit": "0",
                  "gas": 100000000000000,
                  "method_name": "transfer"
                }
              }
            ],
            "gas_price": "186029458",
            "input_data_ids": [],
            "output_data_receivers": [],
            "signer_id": "bowen",
            "signer_public_key": "ed25519:2f9Zv5kuyuPM5DCyEP5pSqg58NQ8Ct9uSRerZXnCS9fK"
          }
        },
        "receipt_id": "FXMVxdhSUZaZftbmPJWaoqhEB9GrKB2oqg9Wgvuyvom8",
        "receiver_id": "evgeny.lockup.m0"
      },
      {
        "predecessor_id": "evgeny.lockup.m0",
        "receipt": {
          "Action": {
            "actions": [
              {
                "Transfer": {
                  "deposit": "1000"
                }
              }
            ],
            "gas_price": "186029458",
            "input_data_ids": [],
            "output_data_receivers": [],
            "signer_id": "bowen",
            "signer_public_key": "ed25519:2f9Zv5kuyuPM5DCyEP5pSqg58NQ8Ct9uSRerZXnCS9fK"
          }
        },
        "receipt_id": "3Ad7pUygUegMUWUb1rEazfjnTaHfptXCABqKQ6WNq6Wa",
        "receiver_id": "bowen"
      },
      {
        "predecessor_id": "system",
        "receipt": {
          "Action": {
            "actions": [
              {
                "Transfer": {
                  "deposit": "19200274886926125000"
                }
              }
            ],
            "gas_price": "0",
            "input_data_ids": [],
            "output_data_receivers": [],
            "signer_id": "bowen",
            "signer_public_key": "ed25519:2f9Zv5kuyuPM5DCyEP5pSqg58NQ8Ct9uSRerZXnCS9fK"
          }
        },
        "receipt_id": "5DdQg9pfoJMX1q6bvhsjyyRihzA3sb9Uq5K1J7vK43Ze",
        "receiver_id": "bowen"
      },
      {
        "predecessor_id": "system",
        "receipt": {
          "Action": {
            "actions": [
              {
                "Transfer": {
                  "deposit": "18663792669276228632284"
                }
              }
            ],
            "gas_price": "0",
            "input_data_ids": [],
            "output_data_receivers": [],
            "signer_id": "bowen",
            "signer_public_key": "ed25519:2f9Zv5kuyuPM5DCyEP5pSqg58NQ8Ct9uSRerZXnCS9fK"
          }
        },
        "receipt_id": "FDp8ovTf5uJYDFemW5op6ebjCT2n4CPExHYie3S1h4qp",
        "receiver_id": "bowen"
      }
    ],
    "receipts_outcome": [
      {
        "block_hash": "HuqYrYsC7h2VERFMgFkqaNqSiFuTH9CA3uJr3BkyNxhF",
        "id": "FXMVxdhSUZaZftbmPJWaoqhEB9GrKB2oqg9Wgvuyvom8",
        "outcome": {
          "executor_id": "evgeny.lockup.m0",
          "gas_burnt": 3493189769144,
          "logs": ["Transferring 1000 to account @bowen"],
          "receipt_ids": [
            "3Ad7pUygUegMUWUb1rEazfjnTaHfptXCABqKQ6WNq6Wa",
            "FDp8ovTf5uJYDFemW5op6ebjCT2n4CPExHYie3S1h4qp"
          ],
          "status": {
            "SuccessReceiptId": "3Ad7pUygUegMUWUb1rEazfjnTaHfptXCABqKQ6WNq6Wa"
          },
          "tokens_burnt": "349318976914400000000"
        },
        "proof": [
          {
            "direction": "Right",
            "hash": "5WwHEszBcpfrHnt2VTvVDVnEEACNq5EpQdjz1aW9gTAa"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "block_hash": "DJ6oK5FtPPSwksS6pKdEjFvHWAaSVocnVNLoyi8aYk1k",
        "id": "3Ad7pUygUegMUWUb1rEazfjnTaHfptXCABqKQ6WNq6Wa",
        "outcome": {
          "executor_id": "bowen",
          "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": ["5DdQg9pfoJMX1q6bvhsjyyRihzA3sb9Uq5K1J7vK43Ze"],
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          },
          "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000"
        },
        "proof": [
          {
            "direction": "Right",
            "hash": "CXSXmKpDU8R3UUrBAsffWMeGfKanKqEHCQrHeZkR3RKT"
          },
          {
            "direction": "Right",
            "hash": "2dNo7A1VHKBmMA86m1k3Z9DVXwWgQJGkKGRg8wUR3co9"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "block_hash": "9cjUoqAksMbs7ZJ4CXiuwm8vppz9QctTwGmgwZ5mDmUA",
        "id": "5DdQg9pfoJMX1q6bvhsjyyRihzA3sb9Uq5K1J7vK43Ze",
        "outcome": {
          "executor_id": "bowen",
          "gas_burnt": 0,
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": [],
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          },
          "tokens_burnt": "0"
        },
        "proof": []
      },
      {
        "block_hash": "DJ6oK5FtPPSwksS6pKdEjFvHWAaSVocnVNLoyi8aYk1k",
        "id": "FDp8ovTf5uJYDFemW5op6ebjCT2n4CPExHYie3S1h4qp",
        "outcome": {
          "executor_id": "bowen",
          "gas_burnt": 0,
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": [],
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          },
          "tokens_burnt": "0"
        },
        "proof": [
          {
            "direction": "Left",
            "hash": "A2Ry6NCeuK8WhRCWc41hy6uddadc5nLJ1NBX5wVYo3Yb"
          },
          {
            "direction": "Right",
            "hash": "2dNo7A1VHKBmMA86m1k3Z9DVXwWgQJGkKGRg8wUR3co9"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "status": {
      "SuccessValue": ""
    },
    "transaction": {
      "actions": [
        {
          "FunctionCall": {
            "args": "eyJhbW91bnQiOiIxMDAwIiwicmVjZWl2ZXJfaWQiOiJib3dlbiJ9",
            "deposit": "0",
            "gas": 100000000000000,
            "method_name": "transfer"
          }
        }
      ],
      "hash": "HEgnVQZfs9uJzrqTob4g2Xmebqodq9waZvApSkrbcAhd",
      "nonce": 77,
      "public_key": "ed25519:2f9Zv5kuyuPM5DCyEP5pSqg58NQ8Ct9uSRerZXnCS9fK",
      "receiver_id": "evgeny.lockup.m0",
      "signature": "ed25519:5v1hJuw5RppKGezJHBFU6z3hwmmdferETud9rUbwxVf6xSBAWyiod93Lezaq4Zdcp4zbukDusQY9PjhV47JVCgBx",
      "signer_id": "bowen"
    },
    "transaction_outcome": {
      "block_hash": "9RX2pefXKw8M4EYjLznDF3AMvbkf9asAjN8ACK7gxKsa",
      "id": "HEgnVQZfs9uJzrqTob4g2Xmebqodq9waZvApSkrbcAhd",
      "outcome": {
        "executor_id": "bowen",
        "gas_burnt": 2428026088898,
        "logs": [],
        "receipt_ids": ["FXMVxdhSUZaZftbmPJWaoqhEB9GrKB2oqg9Wgvuyvom8"],
        "status": {
          "SuccessReceiptId": "FXMVxdhSUZaZftbmPJWaoqhEB9GrKB2oqg9Wgvuyvom8"
        },
        "tokens_burnt": "242802608889800000000"
      },
      "proof": [
        {
          "direction": "Right",
          "hash": "DXf4XVmAF5jnjZhcxi1CYxGPuuQrcAmayq9X5inSAYvJ"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
```

</p>
</details>

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong-3}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `EXPERIMENTAL_tx_status` method:

<table className="custom-stripe">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="3">HANDLER_ERROR</td>
      <td>INVALID_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>An error happened during transaction execution</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>See <code>error.cause.info</code> for details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>The requested transaction is not available on the node since it might have not been recorded on the chain yet or has been garbage-collected</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>If the transaction had been submitted more than 5 epochs ago, try to send your request to <a href="https://near-nodes.io/intro/node-types#archival-node">an archival node</a></li>
          <li>Check the transaction hash</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>TIMEOUT_ERROR</td>
      <td>It was unable to wait for the transaction status for reasonable time</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Try again later</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr className="stripe">
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>Something went wrong with the node itself or overloaded</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

---

### Receipt by ID {#receipt-by-id}

> Fetches a receipt by it's ID (as is, without a status or execution outcome)

- method: `EXPERIMENTAL_receipt`
- params:
  - `receipt_id` _(see [NearBlocks Explorer](https://testnet.nearblocks.io) for a valid receipt id)_

Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "EXPERIMENTAL_receipt",
  "params": { "receipt_id": "2EbembRPJhREPtmHCrGv3Xtdm3xoc5BMVYHm3b2kjvMY" }
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 method=EXPERIMENTAL_receipt params:='{"receipt_id": "2EbembRPJhREPtmHCrGv3Xtdm3xoc5BMVYHm3b2kjvMY"}' id=dontcare
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

<details>
<summary>Example response:</summary>
<p>

```json
{
  "id": "dontcare",
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "predecessor_id": "bohdan.testnet",
    "receipt": {
      "Action": {
        "actions": [
          {
            "Transfer": {
              "deposit": "1000000000000000000000000"
            }
          }
        ],
        "gas_price": "103000000",
        "input_data_ids": [],
        "output_data_receivers": [],
        "signer_id": "bohdan.testnet",
        "signer_public_key": "ed25519:DhC7rPNTBwWJtmVXs1U1SqJztkn9AWbj6jCmQtkrg3TA"
      }
    },
    "receipt_id": "2EbembRPJhREPtmHCrGv3Xtdm3xoc5BMVYHm3b2kjvMY",
    "receiver_id": "frol.testnet"
  }
}
```

</p>
</details>

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong-4}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `EXPERIMENTAL_receipt` method:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>HANDLER_ERROR</td>
      <td>UNKNOWN_RECEIPT</td>
      <td>The receipt with the given <code>receipt_id</code> was never observed on the node</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the provided <code>receipt_id</code> is correct</li>
          <li>Send a request on a different node</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>Something went wrong with the node itself or overloaded</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

## Transaction Execution Levels {#tx-status-result}

All the methods listed above have `wait_until` request parameter, and `final_execution_status` response value.
They correspond to the same enum `TxExecutionStatus`.
See the detailed explanation for all the options:

```rust
#[serde(rename_all = "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE")]
pub enum TxExecutionStatus {
  /// Transaction is waiting to be included into the block
  None,
  /// Transaction is included into the block. The block may be not finalized yet
  Included,
  /// Transaction is included into the block +
  /// All non-refund transaction receipts finished their execution.
  /// The corresponding blocks for tx and each receipt may be not finalized yet
  #[default]
  ExecutedOptimistic,
  /// Transaction is included into finalized block
  IncludedFinal,
  /// Transaction is included into finalized block +
  /// All non-refund transaction receipts finished their execution.
  /// The corresponding blocks for each receipt may be not finalized yet
  Executed,
  /// Transaction is included into finalized block +
  /// Execution of all transaction receipts is finalized, including refund receipts
  Final,
}
```

---

# Deprecated methods {#deprecated}

## [deprecated] Send transaction (async) {#send-transaction-async}

> Consider using [`send_tx`](/api/rpc/transactions#send-tx) instead

> Sends a transaction and immediately returns transaction hash.

- method: `broadcast_tx_async`
- params: [SignedTransaction encoded in base64]

Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "broadcast_tx_async",
  "params": [
    "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDwAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldNMnL7URB1cxPOu3G8jTqlEwlcasagIbKlAJlF5ywVFLAQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAGQcOG03xVSFQFjoagOb4NBBqWhERnnz45LY4+52JgZhm1iQKz7qAdPByrGFDQhQ2Mfga8RlbysuQ8D8LlA6bQE="
  ]
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 id=dontcare method=broadcast_tx_async \
    params:='[
        "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDwAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldNMnL7URB1cxPOu3G8jTqlEwlcasagIbKlAJlF5ywVFLAQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAGQcOG03xVSFQFjoagOb4NBBqWhERnnz45LY4+52JgZhm1iQKz7qAdPByrGFDQhQ2Mfga8RlbysuQ8D8LlA6bQE="
    ]'
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

Example response:

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "6zgh2u9DqHHiXzdy9ouTP7oGky2T4nugqzqt9wJZwNFm",
  "id": "dontcare"
}
```

Final transaction results can be queried using [Transaction Status](#transaction-status)
or [NearBlocks Explorer](https://testnet.nearblocks.io/) using the above `result` hash returning a result similar to the example below.

![NEAR-Explorer-transactionHash](/docs/assets/NEAR-Explorer-transactionHash.png)

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `broadcast_tx_async` method:

<table class="custom-stripe">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr class="stripe">
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

---

## [deprecated] Send transaction (await) {#send-transaction-await}

> Consider using [`send_tx`](/api/rpc/transactions#send-tx) instead

> Sends a transaction and waits until transaction is fully complete. _(Has a 10 second timeout)_

- method: `broadcast_tx_commit`
- params: `[SignedTransaction encoded in base64]`

Example:

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="json" label="JSON" default>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": "dontcare",
  "method": "broadcast_tx_commit",
  "params": [
    "DgAAAHNlbmRlci50ZXN0bmV0AOrmAai64SZOv9e/naX4W15pJx0GAap35wTT1T/DwcbbDQAAAAAAAAAQAAAAcmVjZWl2ZXIudGVzdG5ldIODI4YfV/QS++blXpQYT+bOsRblTRW4f547y/LkvMQ9AQAAAAMAAACh7czOG8LTAAAAAAAAAAXcaTJzu9GviPT7AD4mNJGY79jxTrjFLoyPBiLGHgBi8JK1AnhK8QknJ1ourxlvOYJA2xEZE8UR24THmSJcLQw="
  ]
}
```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="http" label="HTTPie">

```bash
http post https://rpc.testnet.near.org jsonrpc=2.0 id=dontcare method=broadcast_tx_commit \
    params:='[
        "DwAAAG5lYXJrYXQudGVzdG5ldABuTi5L1rwnlb35hc9tn5WELkxfiGfGh1Q5aeGNQDejo0QAAAAAAAAAEAAAAGpvc2hmb3JkLnRlc3RuZXSiWAc6W9KlqXS5fK+vjFRDV5pAxHRKU0srKX/cmdRTBgEAAAADAAAAoe3MzhvC0wAAAAAAAAB9rOE9zc5zQYLL1j6VTh3I4fQbERs6I07gJfrAC6jo8DB4HolR9Xps3v4qrZxkgZjwv6wB0QOROM4UEbeOaBoB"
    ]'
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

<details>
<summary>Example response: </summary>
<p>

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "final_execution_status": "FINAL",
    "status": {
      "SuccessValue": ""
    },
    "transaction": {
      "signer_id": "sender.testnet",
      "public_key": "ed25519:Gowpa4kXNyTMRKgt5W7147pmcc2PxiFic8UHW9rsNvJ6",
      "nonce": 13,
      "receiver_id": "receiver.testnet",
      "actions": [
        {
          "Transfer": {
            "deposit": "1000000000000000000000000"
          }
        }
      ],
      "signature": "ed25519:7oCBMfSHrZkT7tzPDBxxCd3tWFhTES38eks3MCZMpYPJRfPWKxJsvmwQiVBBxRLoxPTnXVaMU2jPV3MdFKZTobH",
      "hash": "ASS7oYwGiem9HaNwJe6vS2kznx2CxueKDvU9BAYJRjNR"
    },
    "transaction_outcome": {
      "proof": [],
      "block_hash": "9MzuZrRPW1BGpFnZJUJg6SzCrixPpJDfjsNeUobRXsLe",
      "id": "ASS7oYwGiem9HaNwJe6vS2kznx2CxueKDvU9BAYJRjNR",
      "outcome": {
        "logs": [],
        "receipt_ids": ["BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh"],
        "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
        "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
        "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
        "status": {
          "SuccessReceiptId": "BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh"
        }
      }
    },
    "receipts_outcome": [
      {
        "proof": [],
        "block_hash": "5Hpj1PeCi32ZkNXgiD1DrW4wvW4Xtic74DJKfyJ9XL3a",
        "id": "BLV2q6p8DX7pVgXRtGtBkyUNrnqkNyU7iSksXG7BjVZh",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": ["3sawynPNP8UkeCviGqJGwiwEacfPyxDKRxsEWPpaUqtR"],
          "gas_burnt": 223182562500,
          "tokens_burnt": "22318256250000000000",
          "executor_id": "receiver.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "proof": [],
        "block_hash": "CbwEqMpPcu6KwqVpBM3Ry83k6M4H1FrJjES9kBXThcRd",
        "id": "3sawynPNP8UkeCviGqJGwiwEacfPyxDKRxsEWPpaUqtR",
        "outcome": {
          "logs": [],
          "receipt_ids": [],
          "gas_burnt": 0,
          "tokens_burnt": "0",
          "executor_id": "sender.testnet",
          "status": {
            "SuccessValue": ""
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "id": "dontcare"
}
```

</p>
</details>

#### What could go wrong? {#what-could-go-wrong-1}

When API request fails, RPC server returns a structured error response with a limited number of well-defined error variants, so client code can exhaustively handle all the possible error cases. Our JSON-RPC errors follow [verror](https://github.com/joyent/node-verror) convention for structuring the error response:


```json
{
    "error": {
        "name": <ERROR_TYPE>,
        "cause": {
            "info": {..},
            "name": <ERROR_CAUSE>
        },
        "code": -32000,
        "data": String,
        "message": "Server error",
    },
    "id": "dontcare",
    "jsonrpc": "2.0"
}
```

> **Heads up**
>
> The fields `code`, `data`, and `message` in the structure above are considered legacy ones and might be deprecated in the future. Please, don't rely on them.

Here is the exhaustive list of the error variants that can be returned by `broadcast_tx_commit` method:

<table class="custom-stripe">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>
        ERROR_TYPE<br />
        <code>error.name</code>
      </th>
      <th>ERROR_CAUSE<br /><code>error.cause.name</code></th>
      <th>Reason</th>
      <th>Solution</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="2">HANDLER_ERROR</td>
      <td>INVALID_TRANSACTION</td>
      <td>An error happened during transaction execution</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>See <code>error.cause.info</code> for details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>TIMEOUT_ERROR</td>
      <td>Transaction was routed, but has not been recorded on chain in 10 seconds.</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li> Re-submit the request with the identical transaction (in NEAR Protocol unique transactions apply exactly once, so if the previously sent transaction gets applied, this request will just return the known result, otherwise, it will route the transaction to the chain once again)</li>
          <li>Check that your transaction is valid</li>
          <li>Check that the signer account id has enough tokens to cover the transaction fees (keep in mind that some tokens on each account are locked to cover the storage cost)</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="stripe">
      <td>REQUEST_VALIDATION_ERROR</td>
      <td>PARSE_ERROR</td>
      <td>Passed arguments can't be parsed by JSON RPC server (missing arguments, wrong format, etc.)</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Check the arguments passed and pass the correct ones</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>INTERNAL_ERROR</td>
      <td>Something went wrong with the node itself or overloaded</td>
      <td>
        <ul>
          <li>Try again later</li>
          <li>Send a request to a different node</li>
          <li>Check <code>error.cause.info</code> for more details</li>
        </ul>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

---