Canadian_Armed_Forces

context: The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: "The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces."
qas: answers: Forces armées canadiennes
question: What is the French name of the Canadian Armed Forces?

answers: the National Defence Act
question: What law constitutes the CAF?

answers: Her Majesty
question: Who are the CAF supposed to protect?

answers: Forces canadiennes
question: What does CF stand for in this context?

context: This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces.
qas: answers: four
question: How many sub components are there?

answers: the National Defence Act
question: What act defines the CAF?

context: The Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council.
qas: answers: Queen Elizabeth II
question: Who currently is the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces?

answers: the Governor General of Canada
question: Who represents Queen Elizabeth II?

answers: the Chief of the Defence Staff
question: Who leads the CAF?

answers: the Armed Forces Council.
question: Who advises the Chief of the Defence?

context: During the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s.
qas: answers: Cold War
question: What war were the CAF involved in?

answers: the security of Europe
question: What was the goal of the CAF during the cold war?

answers: the Soviet military threat
question: What military thread did the CAF protect against in Europe?

answers: the early 1950s
question: Apprimately since what year was the CAF stationed in Europe?

answers: the early 1990s
question: What year did the CAF leave Europe?

context: However, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus "out of area", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in Afghanistan since 2002.
qas: answers: the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
question: What Treaty is the CAF part of?

answers: international security operations
question: What type of operation is the Canadian Military involved in?

answers: Afghanistan
question: What country has the Canadian Military worked in the last years?

answers: 2002
question: What year did the Canadian Military operation in Afghanistan start?

answers: out of area
question: Where is the current focus of the Canadian Military set?

context: Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:
qas: answers: Canada First Defence Strategy
question: What is Canada's defense policy based on?

answers: 2008
question: When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced?

answers: six core missions
question: How many missions are carried out internally in Canada?

answers: North America
question: What other location does the Canada First Defence Strategy Cover?

context: Consistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military forums (e.g. the System of Cooperation Among the American Air Forces), ship and aircraft visits, military training and cooperation, and other such outreach and relationship-building efforts.
qas: answers: conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy
question: What other priority do the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute too?

answers: deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés
question: What is an example of another activity that the CAF performs?

answers: the American Air Forces
question: What other air force does the CAF cooperate with?

answers: military training
question: What is one of the activities the CAF works on with other countries?

answers: relationship-building efforts
question: What diplomatic effort does the CAF perform as part of it's duties?

context: Prior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, and later American forces during the American Revolutionary War and War of 1812, as well as in the Fenian raids, Red River Rebellion, and North-West Rebellion. Consequently, the lineages of some Canadian army units stretch back to the early 19th century, when militia units were formed to assist in the defence of British North America against invasion by the United States.
qas: answers: 1867
question: What year was Canada united in a confederation?

answers: French and British forces
question: The forces of what countries did people serve before the unification?

answers: European powers
question: What is one of the threats that faced them?

answers: the American Revolutionary War
question: What American war threatened Canada?

answers: invasion by the United States
question: Early on, what did they defend against with the British?

context: The responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, with the advent of military aviation, the Royal Canadian Air Force. These forces were organised under the Department of Militia and Defence, and split into the Permanent and Non-Permanent Active Militias—frequently shortened to simply The Militia. By 1923, the department was merged into the Department of National Defence, but land forces in Canada were not referred to as the Canadian Army until November 1940.
qas: answers: the British Crown-in-Council
question: Who initially had military command?

answers: Halifax
question: Where was the commander-in-chief stationed?

answers: 1906
question: When did the British Army and Royal Navy withdraw from Halifax?

answers: the Department of Militia and Defence
question: The Canadian Armed Forces were initially organized under what department?

answers: November 1940
question: When did the unification complete of all the Canadian forces to be called the Canadian Army?

context: The first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to participate in European theatres. The Canadian Crown-in-Council then decided to send its forces into the Second World War, as well as the Korean War.
qas: answers: Second Boer War
question: When was the first overseas deployment of the Canadian Military?

answers: British command
question: Under what command did they serve?

answers: the First World War
question: When were Canadian Troops called upon to assist in Europe?

answers: Second World War
question: What other European war were the Canadian Forces involved in?

answers: Korean War
question: What Asian war were the Canadian Forces involved in?

context: Since 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the country's integral participation in NATO during the Cold War, First Gulf War, Kosovo War, and in United Nations Peacekeeping operations, such as the Suez Crisis, Golan Heights, Cyprus, Croatia, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and Libya. Canada maintained an aircraft carrier from 1957 to 1970 during the Cold War, which never saw combat but participated in patrols during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
qas: answers: more than 200 operations
question: How many operations has the Canadian Military been part of since 1947?

answers: 72
question: How many operations have been completed by the Canadian Military Internationally?

answers: Cold War, First Gulf War, Kosovo War
question: What are some of the wars the Canadian Military was involved in?

answers: United Nations Peacekeeping operations
question: What peace keeping effort is the Canadian Military part of?

answers: an aircraft carrier
question: What type of military vehicle was maintained almost 15 years but never saw any action during the Cuban crisis?

context: Battles which are particularly notable to the Canadian military include the Battle of Vimy Ridge, the Dieppe Raid, the Battle of Ortona, the Battle of Passchendaele, the Normandy Landings, the Battle for Caen, the Battle of the Scheldt, the Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic, the strategic bombing of German cities, and more recently the Battle of Medak Pocket, in Croatia.
qas: answers: the Normandy Landings
question: What famous World War II battle was the Canadian Military part of?

answers: the strategic bombing of German cities
question: What effort was the Canadian Military known for in Germany?

answers: the Battle of Vimy Ridge
question: What Battle in France was the Canadian Military known for?

answers: Croatia
question: What country was the latest Canadian Military effort?

context: At the end of the Second World War, Canada possessed the fourth-largest air force and fifth-largest naval surface fleet in the world, as well as the largest volunteer army ever fielded. Conscription for overseas service was introduced only near the end of the war, and only 2,400 conscripts actually made it into battle. Originally, Canada was thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world, but with the fall of the Soviet Union, new data based on Japanese and Soviet sources found that to be incorrect.
qas: answers: the largest volunteer army ever
question: Canada had which biggest army during the Second World War?

answers: the Soviet Union
question: What country fell providing with more information on Canada's army size?

answers: Japanese
question: Which other country had a sizable naval army?

context: The current iteration of the Canadian Armed Forces dates from 1 February 1968, when the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force were merged into a unified structure and superseded by elemental commands. Its roots, however, lie in colonial militia groups that served alongside garrisons of the French and British armies and navies; a structure that remained in place until the early 20th century. Thereafter, a distinctly Canadian army and navy was established, followed by an air force, that, because of the constitutional arrangements at the time, remained effectively under the control of the British government until Canada gained legislative independence from the United Kingdom in 1931, in part due to the distinguished achievement and sacrifice of the Canadian Corps in the First World War.
qas: answers: 1 February 1968
question: When did the Canadian Armed Forced become to be?

answers: the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force
question: What does the Canadian Armed Forces mostly consist of?

answers: the British government
question: What prevented Canada from fully having their own army at the start?

answers: 1931
question: When did Canada gain independence from the United Kingdom?

answers: the First World War
question: What war aided Canadian legislative independence?

context: After the 1980s, the use of the "Canadian Armed Forces" name gave way to "Canadian Forces";[citation needed] The "Canadian Armed Forces" name returned in 2013.
qas: answers: Canadian Armed Forces
question: What is the old name of the Canadian Forces?

answers: After the 1980s
question: When did the Canadian Armed Forces name cease to be?

answers: 2013
question: When was the Canadian Armed Forces name reintroduced?

answers: Canadian Forces
question: What was the new name of the Canadian Armed Forces?

context: Land Forces during this period also deployed in support of peacekeeping operations within United Nations sanctioned conflicts. The nature of the Canadian Forces has continued to evolve. They have been deployed in Afghanistan until 2011, under the NATO-led United Nations International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), at the request of the Government of Afghanistan.
qas: answers: Land Forces
question: What forces were sent out in support of peacekeeping?

answers: 2011
question: Until when were Canadian forces in Afghanistan?

answers: ISAF
question: What force were the Canadians part of in Afghanistan?

answers: the Government of Afghanistan
question: Who requested the aid of the Canadians?

answers: peacekeeping
question: What type of operations were mainly done by Canadian forces?

context: The Armed Forces are today funded by approximately $20.1 billion annually and are presently ranked 74th in size compared to the world's other armed forces by number of total personnel, and 58th in terms of active personnel, standing at a strength of roughly 68,000, plus 27,000 reservists, 5000 Rangers, and 19,000 supplementary reserves, bringing the total force to approximately 119,000. The number of primary reserve personnel is expected to go up to 30,000 by 2020, and the number of active to at least 70,000. In addition, 5000 rangers and 19,000 supplementary personnel will be serving. If this happens the total strength would be around 124,000. These individuals serve on numerous CF bases located in all regions of the country, and are governed by the Queen's Regulations and Orders and the National Defence Act.
qas: answers: approximately $20.1 billion
question: What is Today's annual cost of the Canadian Forces?

answers: 74th in size
question: How are the Canadian forces ranked in size compared to other military?

answers: approximately 119,000
question: What is the total force of the Canadian Forces?

answers: 2020
question: By what date is the primary reserve personnel estimated to go up by 30,000?

answers: around 124,000
question: What is the total amount of Canadian Forces estimated to be in 2020?

context: In 2008 the Government of Canada made efforts, through the Canada First Defence Strategy, to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces, through the purchase of new equipment, improved training and readiness, as well as the establishment of the Canadian Special Operations Regiment. More funds were also put towards recruitment, which had been dwindling throughout the 1980s and '90s, possibly because the Canadian populace had come to perceive the CAF as peacekeepers rather than as soldiers, as shown in a 2008 survey conducted for the Department of National Defence. The poll found that nearly two thirds of Canadians agreed with the country's participation in the invasion of Afghanistan, and that the military should be stronger, but also that the purpose of the forces should be different, such as more focused on responding to natural disasters. Then CDS, Walter Natynczyk, said later that year that while recruiting has become more successful, the CF was facing a problem with its rate of loss of existing members, which increased between 2006 and 2008 from 6% to 9.2% annually.
qas: answers: the Canada First Defence Strategy
question: What was the effort called to upgrade the Canadian Forces?

answers: through the purchase of new equipment, improved training and readiness
question: How were the Canadian Forces upgraded in 2008?

answers: loss of existing members
question: What major problem is the CAF trying to address currently?

context: The 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort has resulted in the acquisition of specific equipment (main battle tanks, artillery, unmanned air vehicles and other systems) to support the mission in Afghanistan. It has also encompassed initiatives to renew certain so-called "core capabilities" (such as the air force's medium range transport aircraft fleet – the C-130 Hercules – and the army's truck and armoured vehicle fleets). In addition, new systems (such as C-17 Globemaster III strategic transport aircraft and CH-47 Chinook heavy-lift helicopters) have also been acquired for the Armed Forces. Although the viability of the Canada First Defence Strategy continues to suffer setbacks from challenging and evolving fiscal and other factors, it originally aimed to:
qas: answers: main battle tanks, artillery, unmanned air vehicles
question: What equipment was acquired to aid in Afghanistan?

answers: C-130 Hercules
question: What large transport plane is part of the CAF mission?

answers: CH-47 Chinook heavy-lift helicopters
question: What new type of helicopter was recently acquired?

answers: 2006
question: When was the renewal and re-equipment effort started?

context: In the 1950s, the recruitment of women was open to roles in medicine, communication, logistics, and administration. The roles of women in the CAF began to expand in 1971, after the Department reviewed the recommendations of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, at which time it lifted the ceiling of 1,500 women personnel, and gradually expanded employment opportunities into the non-traditional areas—vehicle drivers and mechanics, aircraft mechanics, air-traffic controllers, military police, and firefighters. The Department further reviewed personnel policies in 1978 and 1985, after Parliament passed the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. As a result of these reviews, the Department changed its policies to permit women to serve at sea in replenishment ships and in a diving tender, with the army service battalions, in military police platoons and field ambulance units, and in most air squadrons.
qas: answers: medicine, communication, logistics, and administration
question: What roles were women recruited for in the 1950s?

answers: 1971
question: What year did further recruitment for women open in the CAF?

answers: vehicle drivers and mechanics, aircraft mechanics, air-traffic controllers
question: What non traditional tasks were women recruited for in the 1970s?

answers: the Department changed its policies
question: Why were women eventually allowed to serve at sea in the CAF?

answers: Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
question: What charter directly affected a women's right to serve in the CAF?

context: In 1987, occupations and units with the primary role of preparing for direct involvement in combat on the ground or at sea were still closed to women: infantry, armoured corps, field artillery, air-defence artillery, signals, field engineers, and naval operations. On 5 February 1987, the Minister of National Defence created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units. These trials were called Combat-Related Employment of Women.
qas: answers: infantry, armoured corps, field artillery, air-defence artillery
question: Name some of the jobs in the CAF off limits to women in the 1980s.

answers: 5 February 1987
question: On what date was a study created to research the impart of women in direct involvement?

answers: the Minister of National Defence
question: Who created an office to study these effects?

answers: Combat-Related Employment of Women
question: What was the study called?

context: All military occupations were open to women in 1989, with the exception of submarine service, which opened in 2000. Throughout the 1990s, the introduction of women into the combat arms increased the potential recruiting pool by about 100 percent. It also provided opportunities for all persons to serve their country to the best of their abilities. Women were fully integrated in all occupations and roles by the government of Jean Chretien, and by 8 March 2000, even allowed to serve on submarines.
qas: answers: 1989
question: What year were most military occupations opened to women?

answers: submarine service
question: What military occupation wasn't opened to women until the 2000s?

answers: 100 percent
question: By how much did opening these jobs to women increase the recruiting pool by?

answers: the government of Jean Chretien
question: Which government was responsible in Canadian history for this fact?

context: All equipment must be suitable for a mixed-gender force. Combat helmets, rucksacks, combat boots, and flak jackets are designed to ensure women have the same level of protection and comfort as their male colleagues. The women's uniform is similar in design to the men's uniform, but conforms to the female figure, and is functional and practical. Women are also provided with an annual financial entitlement for the purchase of brassiere undergarments.
qas: answers: equipment must be suitable for a mixed-gender force
question: What is a requirement for equipment for the CAF?

answers: Combat helmets, rucksacks, combat boots
question: What are some of the equipment used by both men and women?

answers: an annual financial entitlement for the purchase of brassiere undergarments
question: What special entitlement are women provided as part of their service?

context: The following is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces. It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.
qas: answers: It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.
question: What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces?

context: The Canadian constitution determines that the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the country's sovereign, who, since 1904, has authorized his or her viceroy, the governor general, to exercise the duties ascribed to the post of Commander-in-Chief and to hold the associated title since 1905. All troop deployment and disposition orders, including declarations of war, fall within the royal prerogative and are issued as Orders in Council, which must be signed by either the monarch or governor general. Under the Westminster system's parliamentary customs and practices, however, the monarch and viceroy must generally follow the advice of his or her ministers in Cabinet, including the prime minister and minister of national defence, who are accountable to the elected House of Commons.
qas: answers: The Canadian constitution
question: What determines who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed forces?

answers: the governor general
question: Who does the Commander-in-Chief authorize to make decision regarding the Armed Forces for them?

answers: troop deployment and disposition orders
question: What orders fall under the royal prerogative?

answers: the monarch or governor general
question: Who must sign these orders for them to be valid?

answers: the advice of his or her ministers in Cabinet
question: Who's advice is the monarch supposed to follow regarding these orders?

context: The Armed Forces' 115,349 personnel are divided into a hierarchy of numerous ranks of officers and non-commissioned members. The governor general appoints, on the advice of the prime minister, the Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) as the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Armed Forces and who, as head of the Armed Forces Council, is in command of the Canadian Forces. The Armed Forces Council generally operates from National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) in Ottawa, Ontario. On the Armed Forces Council sit the heads of Canadian Joint Operations Command and Canadian Special Operations Forces Command, the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff, and the heads of the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army, the Royal Canadian Air Force and other key Level 1 organizations. The sovereign and most other members of the Canadian Royal Family also act as colonels-in-chief, honorary air commodores, air commodores-in-chief, admirals, and captains-general of Canadian Forces units, though these positions are ceremonial.
qas: answers: 115,349
question: The armed forces has approximately how many members?

answers: the Chief of the Defence Staff
question: Who is the highest ranking member of the Armed Forces?

answers: The governor general
question: Who appoints the Chief of the Defence?

answers: Ottawa, Ontario
question: What location does the National Defense operate out of?

answers: the heads of the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army, the Royal Canadian Air Force and other key Level 1 organizations.
question: What are some of the members of the Armed Forces Council?

context: Canada's Armed forces operate out of 27 Canadian Forces bases (CFB) across the country, including NDHQ. This number has been gradually reduced since the 1970s with bases either being closed or merged. Both officers and non-commissioned members receive their basic training at the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Officers will generally either directly enter the Canadian Armed Forces with a degree from a civilian university, or receive their commission upon graduation from the Royal Military College of Canada. Specific element and trade training is conducted at a variety of institutions throughout Canada, and to a lesser extent, the world.
qas: answers: 27
question: How many Canadian Forces bases are there in Canada?

answers: Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
question: Where do Canadian Forces members go for training?

answers: Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School
question: What is the place called where initial training happens?

context: The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy, includes 33 warships and submarines deployed in two fleets: Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC) at CFB Esquimalt on the west coast, and Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) at Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard in Halifax on the east coast, as well as one formation: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ) at Quebec City, Quebec. The fleet is augmented by various aircraft and supply vessels. The RCN participates in NATO exercises and operations, and ships are deployed all over the world in support of multinational deployments.
qas: answers: 33
question: How many warships does the Royal Canadian Navy have?

answers: Halifax
question: Where are the Maritime Forces Atlantic located?

answers: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ)
question: What formation is located in Quebec?

answers: NATO exercises
question: What international exercises does the RCN partake in?

context: The Canadian Army is headed by the Commander of the Canadian Army and administered through four divisions—the 2nd Canadian Division, the 3rd Canadian Division, the 4th Canadian Division and the 5th Canadian Division—the Canadian Army Doctrine and Training System and the Canadian Army Headquarters.
qas: answers: Commander of the Canadian Army
question: Who heads the Canadian Army?

answers: four divisions
question: How many divisions are there in the Canadian Army?

answers: the 2nd Canadian Division, the 3rd Canadian Division, the 4th Canadian Division and the 5th Canadian Division
question: What are the four divisions?

answers: the 5th Canadian Division
question: What division is the Canadian Army Doctrine of?

answers: the 5th Canadian Division
question: The Canadian Army Headquarters are located in what division?

context: Currently, the Regular Force component of the Army consists of three field-ready brigade groups: 1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Edmonton and CFB Shilo; 2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Petawawa and CFB Gagetown; and 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Valcartier and Quebec City. Each contains one regiment each of artillery, armour, and combat engineers, three battalions of infantry (all scaled in the British fashion), one battalion for logistics, a squadron for headquarters/signals, and several smaller support organizations. A tactical helicopter squadron and a field ambulance are co-located with each brigade, but do not form part of the brigade's command structure.
qas: answers: three
question: How many brigades does the Army consist of?

answers: one
question: Each Brigade contains how many regiments?

answers: tactical helicopter squadron
question: What squadron is present but not an official part of the Brigade?

answers: a field ambulance
question: What medical group is present at all Brigades but not part of it?

context: The 2nd, 3rd and 4th Canadian Divisions each has a Regular Force brigade group, and each division except the 1st has two to three Reserve Force brigades groups. In total, there are ten Reserve Force brigade groups. The 5th Canadian Division and the 2nd Canadian Division each have two Reserve Force brigade groups, while the 4th Canadian Division and the 3rd Canadian Division each have three Reserve Force brigade groups. Major training and support establishments exist at CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright.
qas: answers: CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright.
question: Where is most of the major training performed?

context: The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) is headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force. The commander of 1 Canadian Air Division and Canadian NORAD Region, based in Winnipeg, is responsible for the operational command and control of Air Force activities throughout Canada and worldwide. 1 Canadian Air Division operations are carried out through eleven wings located across Canada. The commander of 2 Canadian Air Division is responsible for training and support functions. 2 Canadian Air Division operations are carried out at two wings. Wings represent the grouping of various squadrons, both operational and support, under a single tactical commander reporting to the operational commander and vary in size from several hundred personnel to several thousand.
qas: answers: the Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force
question: Who heads the Royal Canadian Air Force?

answers: Winnipeg
question: Where is the commander based out of?

answers: eleven
question: How many air force wings are located across Canada?

answers: tactical commander
question: Who reports to the operational commander about the wings?

context: Major air bases are located in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador, while administrative and command and control facilities are located in Winnipeg and North Bay. A Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force is also based at NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen near Geilenkirchen, Germany.
qas: answers: Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba
question: What are some locations of the air bases?

answers: Winnipeg and North Bay
question: Where are the command facilities located?

answers: Geilenkirchen, Germany
question: Where is the Canadian component of the NATO located?

answers: Airborne Early Warning Force
question: What NATO force are the Canadians part of?

answers: Labrador
question: What location is a Canadian airforce base located whose name is also a dog breed?

context: The RCAF and Joint Task Force (North) (JTFN) also maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region a chain of forward operating locations, each capable of supporting fighter operations. Elements of CF-18 squadrons periodically deploy to these airports for short training exercises or Arctic sovereignty patrols.
qas: answers: Joint Task Force (North)
question: What does JTFN stand for?

answers: a chain of forward operating locations
question: What it located through Canada's Northern Regions?

answers: fighter operations
question: What can each forwarding operation location provide?

answers: CF-18 squadrons
question: What squadrons deploy to these locations?

answers: Arctic sovereignty patrols.
question: What patrols are organized from these locations?

context: The Canadian Joint Operations Command is an operational element established in October 2012 with the merger of Canada Command, the Canadian Expeditionary Force Command and the Canadian Operational Support Command. The new command, created as a response to the cost-cutting measures in the 2012 federal budget, combines the resources, roles and responsibilities of the three former commands under a single headquarters.
qas: answers: October 2012
question: When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established?

answers: Canada Command, the Canadian Expeditionary Force Command and the Canadian Operational Support Command
question: What are the parts that merged into the Canadian Joint Operations Command?

answers: the 2012 federal budget
question: What specifically prompted this merger?

context: The Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) is a formation capable of operating independently but primarily focused on generating special operations forces (SOF) elements to support CJOC. The command includes Joint Task Force 2 (JTF2), the Canadian Joint Incident Response Unit (CJIRU) based at CFB Trenton, as well as the Canadian Special Operations Regiment (CSOR) and 427 Special Operations Aviation Squadron (SOAS) based at CFB Petawawa.
qas: answers: The Canadian Special Operations Forces Command
question: what does CANSOFCOM stand for?

answers: generating special operations forces
question: What is the CANSOFCOM focussed on?

answers: CJOC
question: What do the special forces support?

answers: CFB Trenton
question: Where is the Canadian Joint Incident Response Unit based?

answers: 427
question: How many Special Operations Aviation Squadron are based at Petawawa?

context: Among other things, the Information Management Group is responsible for the conduct of electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks. Within the group, this operational role is fulfilled by the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group, headquartered at CFS Leitrim in Ottawa, which operates the following units: the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group Headquarters (CFIOGHQ), the Canadian Forces Electronic Warfare Centre (CFEWC), the Canadian Forces Network Operation Centre (CFNOC), the Canadian Forces Signals Intelligence Operations Centre (CFSOC), the Canadian Forces Station (CFS) Leitrim, and the 764 Communications Squadron. In June 2011 the Canadian Armed Forces Chief of Force Development announced the establishment of a new organization, the Directorate of Cybernetics, headed by a Brigadier General, the Director General Cyber (DG Cyber). Within that directorate the newly established CAF Cyber Task Force, has been tasked to design and build cyber warfare capabilities for the Canadian Armed Forces.
qas: answers: electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks
question: What is the the Information Management Group responsible for?

answers: CFS Leitrim in Ottawa
question: Where is the Information Management Group located?

answers: design and build cyber warfare capabilities
question: What is the task of the CAF Cyber Task Force?

answers: June 2011
question: When was the Directorate of Cybernetics established?

answers: the Director General Cyber
question: Who heads the Directorate?

context: The Health Services Group is a joint formation that includes over 120 general or specialized units and detachments providing health services to the Canadian Armed Forces. With few exceptions, all elements are under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation, or temporarily assigned under command of a deployed Joint Task Force through Canadian Joint Operations Command.
qas: answers: the Canadian Armed Forces
question: Who does The Health Services Group serve?

answers: Joint Task Force
question: Who can temporarily be assigned the Health Serviced Group?

answers: domestic support
question: What type of support does The Health Services Group provide?

context: The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:
qas: answers: in times of national emergency or threat
question: When can the reserve force be called upon?

answers: primary and supplementary
question: What troops does The reserve force consists of?

context: Approximately 26,000 citizen soldiers, sailors, and airmen and women, trained to the level of and interchangeable with their Regular Force counterparts, and posted to CAF operations or duties on a casual or ongoing basis, make up the Primary Reserve. This group is represented, though not commanded, at NDHQ by the Chief of Reserves and Cadets, who is usually a major general or rear admiral, and is divided into four components that are each operationally and administratively responsible to its corresponding environmental command in the Regular Force – the Naval Reserve (NAVRES), Land Force Reserve (LFR), and Air Reserve (AIRRES) – in addition to one force that does not fall under an environmental command, the Health Services Reserve under the Canadian Forces Health Services Group.
qas: answers: Chief of Reserves and Cadets
question: Who commands the reserves?

answers: the Naval Reserve (NAVRES), Land Force Reserve (LFR), and Air Reserve (AIRRES)
question: What are some of the components of the reserve force?

context: The Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS are officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC) branch of the CAF. Members of the Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS who are not employed part-time (Class A) or full-time (Class B) may be held on the "Cadet Instructor Supplementary Staff List" (CISS List) in anticipation of employment in the same manner as other reservists are held as members of the Supplementary Reserve.
qas: answers: Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service
question: Who conducts training of the cadets?

answers: 12 to 18 years
question: What age are the cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement?

answers: officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre
question: What branch are the majority of COATS members?

answers: Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS
question: Who is eligible to serve as a COATS trainer?

context: The Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory.
qas: answers: provide surveillance and patrol services
question: What do Canadian Rangers perform?

answers: in Canada's arctic
question: Where do the Canadian Rangers operate?

answers: reserve force
question: Which force are the Rangers part of?

answers: Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory
question: What do the Canadian Rangers safekeep?

context: Only service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring "dirty work" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and "dressed down" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimination of base dress (although still defined for the Air Force uniform), operational dress is now the daily uniform worn by most members of the CF, unless service dress is prescribed (such as at the NDHQ, on parades, at public events, etc.). Approved parkas are authorized for winter wear in cold climates and a light casual jacket is also authorized for cooler days. The navy, most army, and some other units have, for very specific occasions, a ceremonial/regimental full dress, such as the naval "high-collar" white uniform, kilted Highland, Scottish, and Irish regiments, and the scarlet uniforms of the Royal Military Colleges.
qas: answers: service dress
question: What is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion?

answers: gloves, swords, and medals
question: What other parts are there to a uniform?

answers: operational dress is now the daily uniform
question: What is now the daily uniform worn by members of the CAF?

answers: Approved parkas
question: What can be worn in cold winter weather?

answers: a ceremonial/regimental full dress
question: What is only worn for very specific occasions?

context: Authorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces are the: beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque (toque). Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or "regimental" colour), air force (light blue). Adherents of the Sikh faith may wear uniform turbans (dastar) (or patka, when operational) and Muslim women may wear uniform tucked hijabs under their authorized headdress. Jews may wear yarmulke under their authorized headdress and when bareheaded. The beret is probably the most widely worn headgear and is worn with almost all orders of dress (with the exception of the more formal orders of Navy and Air Force dress), and the colour of which is determined by the wearer's environment, branch, or mission. Naval personnel, however, seldom wear berets, preferring either service cap or authorized ballcaps (shipboard operational dress), which only the Navy wear. Air Force personnel, particularly officers, prefer the wedge cap to any other form of headdress. There is no naval variant of the wedge cap. The Yukon cap and tuque are worn only with winter dress, although clearance and combat divers may wear tuques year-round as a watch cap. Soldiers in Highland, Scottish, and Irish regiments generally wear alternative headdress, including the glengarry, balmoral, tam o'shanter, and caubeen instead of the beret. The officer cadets of both Royal Military Colleges wear gold-braided "pillbox" (cavalry) caps with their ceremonial dress and have a unique fur "Astrakhan" for winter wear. The Canadian Army wears the CG634 helmet.
qas: answers: beret, wedge cap, ballcap
question: What are some of the authorized head dresses for the CAF?

answers: coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn
question: Are there specific rules for wearing head dresses?

answers: The beret
question: What is the most popular head dress worn?

answers: CG634 helmet
question: What headdress does the Canadian Army wear?

context: The Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the amount allocated for defence spending was CAD$18.9 billion. This regular funding was augmented in 2005 with an additional CAD$12.5 billion over five years, as well as a commitment to increasing regular force troop levels by 5,000 persons, and the primary reserve by 3,000 over the same period. In 2006, a further CAD$5.3 billion over five years was provided to allow for 13,000 more regular force members, and 10,000 more primary reserve personnel, as well as CAD$17.1 billion for the purchase of new trucks for the Canadian Army, transport aircraft and helicopters for the Royal Canadian Air Force, and joint support ships for the Royal Canadian Navy.
qas: answers: The Constitution of Canada
question: What gives the federal government responsibility for national defense?

answers: 2005
question: What year was an additional 12.5 Billion Canadian Dollars assigned for over five years?