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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known as the most common arrhythmia in adults, and it is estimated that millions of people suffer from AF. Previous studies reported that AF may increase risk for other diseases such as stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and obstructive sleep apnea.
Cardiac rhythms of patients with AF possess two particular characteristics: (i) R-R interval irregularity; and (ii) absence of P waves. Although the absence of P waves is a primary indicator of AF, P waves are low amplitude which makes them difficult to analyze due to high intensity noise in electrocardiograms (ECGs) derived from ambulatory electrocardiography. Compared to P waves, R waves have much higher amplitudes and therefore higher tolerance to ECG noise, making detection mush easier. Consequently, using R-R intervals to detect AF is considered to be the most robust approach.
Accordingly, several AF detection methods based on R-R interval irregularity have been proposed. However, the R-R interval window length required for those methods varies from 32 beats to 128 beats. To exhibit high accuracy and finer temporal resolution for real-time monitoring and shorter AF episodes detection, computational complexity together with the power consumption is dramatically increased. |
The human 26 S and 20 S proteasomes generate overlapping but different sets of peptide fragments from a model protein substrate.
Intracellular protein degradation is a major source of short antigenic peptides that can be presented on the cell surface in the context of major histocompatibility class I molecules for recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The capacity of the most important cytosolic protease, the 20 S proteasome, to generate peptide fragments with an average length of 7-8 amino acid residues has been thoroughly investigated. It has been shown that the cleavage products are not randomly generated, but originate from the commitment of the catalytically active subunits to complex recognition motifs in the primary amino acid sequence. The role of the even larger 26 S proteasome is less well defined, however. It has been demonstrated that the 26 S proteasome can bind and degrade ubiquitin-tagged proteins and minigene translation products in vivo and in vitro, but the nature of the degradation products remains elusive. In this study, we present the first analysis of cleavage products from in vitro digestion of the unmodified model substrate beta-casein with both the 26 S and 20 S proteasome. The data we obtained show that 26 S and 20 S proteasomes generate overlapping, but at the same time substantially different, sets of fragments by following very similar instructions. |
[Obesity prevention in preschool and schoolchildren attending public schools from a district of Santiago, Chile: pilot project 2006].
Childhood obesity in Chile has been recognized as a public health problem. In 2006, we developed a school-based obesity prevention pilot project to intervene during 5 months preschool and schoolchildren from 1st to 4th grades attending 7 public schools located in a district of Santiago, Chile of medium-low and low SES. The objective of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a longer intervention giving recommendations to the educational authorities to better implement it. We trained teachers to apply educational activities ( in nutrition and physical activity) for the children in the 7 schools, but additionally in 4 of these schools, teachers of those grades participated in a Counselling program on healthy lifestyle applied individually, anthropometric evaluation and blood tests. The initiatives were evaluated on a sample of 522 schoolchildren (nutritional status and physical fitness), 38 teachers with Counselling (BMI, waist circumference or WC, blood sugar, HDL, triglycerides, cholesterol) and 19 teachers with no counselling (BMI and WC). Additionally, we evaluated the quality of PE classes. The results on the children show a trend on only the younger ones to decrease the % obesity, improving significantly their physical fitness. In teachers with counselling, a trend toward decreasing BMI and WC was observed, while biochemical parameters remained unchanged. We showed that it is feasible to implement a longer intervention recommending improving the quality of PE classes and allowing more time to train teachers and for individual counselling. |
Pediatric surgery between 1860 and 1900.
The twentieth century begins the modern era of pediatric surgery, a time of innovation and vastly improved operative survival. Until then, many correctable congenital anomalies had been described in case reports only as medical curiosities, seemingly having no chance for surgical cure, but the challenge was available to those wishing to accept. The first texts devoted to surgical diseases of infancy and childhood were descriptive, emphasizing visible and palpable lesions, tuberculosis, musculoskeletal deformity, and major trauma, but also recognized that "surgical diseases of children by their number, their variety, and their character must, we think, be studied in a special manner and demand a special chapter in surgical books." The construction of Children's Hospitals during the nineteenth century identified the need to provide special facilities for children. Surgical antisepsis was practiced and general anesthesia used. Physicians such as Hirschsprung recognized a wide spectrum of treatable surgical conditions that would soon become the domain of pediatric surgeons. Indeed, at that moment in time at the very beginning of the twentieth century, Roentgen discovered the x-ray, Ladd received his MD degree at Harvard, the first pediatric appendectomies for appendicitis were successfully performed, and Fredet and Ramstedt recognized that pyloroplasty was not the preferred treatment for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Modern pediatric surgery had passed from embryo to fetus to newborn. |
Despite Russia's pressure to include the PKK-affiliated Democratic Union Party (PYD) in the Syria talks beginning in Geneva on Friday, the United Nations is taking into account Turkey and Syria's concerns while claiming the opposition did not send an invitation to PYD leader Salih Muslim. Evaluating Turkey's position, presidential spokesperson ambassador İbrahim Kalın said on Wednesday that Turkey will be represented at the highest level of the negotiations. Reiterating Turkey's opposition to PYD participation in the negotiations, Kalın underlined that Turkey's objections have been shared by other countries as well. "The groups that were supposed to participate in the negotiations were actually set long ago. The Syrian opposition held a meeting in Riyadh and the groups that will participate in the Geneva talks were declared there. This last minute attempt to include it in the talks ... is contrary to the efforts and talks so far," Kalın said.His remarks came just hours after French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said U.N. Special Envoy to Syria Staffan de Mistura had told him that he would not be inviting the PYD to the peace talks in Geneva and that a moderate opposition group would lead the negotiations. "Mr. de Mistura sent invitations ... the PYD group was causing the most problems, and Mr. de Mistura told me he had not sent them an invitation letter," Fabius said on Wednesday.On Tuesday, the U.N. envoy Staffan de Mistura sent invitations to representatives of the Kurdish group the Syrian Democratic Assembly (SDA), which is believed to be close to the PYD, to participate in the Geneva talks. However, PYD leader Salih Muslim and other representatives did not receive an invitation, to their disappointment. The PYD's representative in France, Khaled Eissa, who had been on the list of possible delegates proposed by Russia, blamed regional and international powers, in particular Turkey, for blocking the Kurds and forecast the talks would fail. "You can't neglect a force that controls an area three times the size of Lebanon," he told Reuters on Wednesday.Despite the PYD's claim that Turkey is blocking the Kurds from participating in the Geneva talks, Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu made it clear on Tuesday that Turkey would like Syrian Kurds to be represented at the upcoming talks but opposes the presence of the PYD."We believe that regarding Syria, there should be a table at which Kurds, Arabs, Turkmens, Sunnis, Alawites and Christians sit altogether. The inclusion of Kurds at the table is a necessity; a table that leaves out Kurds is incomplete. But we are definitely against the YPG [People's Protection Units], which is oppressing Kurds themselves, from sitting at the table," Davutoğlu said. |
Political, cultural and economic foundations of primary care in Europe.
This article explores various contributing factors to explain differences in the strength of the primary care (PC) structure and services delivery across Europe. Data on the strength of primary care in 31 European countries in 2009/10 were used. The results showed that the national political agenda, economy, prevailing values, and type of healthcare system are all important factors that influence the development of strong PC. Wealthier countries are associated with a weaker PC structure and lower PC accessibility, while Eastern European countries seemed to have used their growth in national income to strengthen the accessibility and continuity of PC. Countries governed by left-wing governments are associated with a stronger PC structure, accessibility and coordination of PC. Countries with a social-security based system are associated with a lower accessibility and continuity of PC; the opposite is true for transitional systems. Cultural values seemed to affect all aspects of PC. It can be concluded that strengthening PC means mobilising multiple leverage points, policy options, and political will in line with prevailing values in a country. |
Cameras of all types are becoming more and more affordable to consumers as technologies for manufacturing cameras have become more efficient and cost effective. Consequently, many consumers are purchasing and using cameras to take photographic pictures, video recordings, and even digitized pictures. Many amateur photographers or videographers make mistakes when taking pictures or making video recordings which can only be avoided by taking photography or videography courses. One such area of common mistake is in the area of picture composition.
Because people have an affinity for symmetry, amateur photographers or videographers tend to align a subject in the center of a picture or video recording at all times, creating bland or sometimes disastrous picture composition. These amateurish mistakes are further reinforced by cameras currently in use. As shown in FIG. 1, viewfinders of most cameras only have a circle or a cross-hair in the center of a viewfinder with maybe brackets on the outer edges to delimit the size of pictures or screens on which the picture would be transferred. Almost instinctively, users align the subject of the picture to the circle or cross-hair in the center of the viewfinder. Even those users who are taking or have taken picture composition courses sometimes do not understand the concept of horizons, diagonals, and strong points, for example, or forget the lessons learned from lack of frequently practice. What is needed is a user-friendly guidance system that would aid a camera user in taking pictures with quality picture compositions. |
The present invention relates to a hurdle for malthouses and other material-handling spaces. More particularly, it relates to a hurdle of the above mentioned type which has a supporting frame and a bottom which is supported by the supporting frame and perforated for passage of the material treating medium.
Hurdles of this type are used for wetting, germination and kiln-drying or drying of grains, hops, and other particulate products. These hurdles often have considerable dimensions and accommodate many tons of heavy particulate material, for example in modern big malt houses. They are formed either as immovable hurdles or so-called plane hurdles, or as movable hurdles such as for example tilting hurdles or rotary hurdles. All hurdles have a basic construction including a supporting frame and a bottom, wherein the supporting frame is formed as shaped or latticework supports and the bottom supported by the supporting frame is formed merely of a narrow-mesh wire network for small and simple hurdles units, or in the mainly used construction is assembled of a plurality of frames provided with apertured sheet coating. The frames have a plurality of supporting parts provided for supporting the apertured sheet coating and connected with one another in a welded construction. These bars require cutting and welding of many individual parts. Mounting of the perforated sheet coating on the frames is carried out by a riveting or welding. The first option is expensive, whereas the second option is inexpensive, but as always requires a post-adjustment of the frame, since it is warped as a result of heat expansion. The subsequent harmonization makes possible a second post-adjustment. The post-adjustments are time-consuming, since in the sense of the required planeness and shape-accuracy of the frames they must be carried out exactly because the hurdle buttons must be plane, and no essential intermediate spaces or slots must remain between the frames, which proves a danger of nests of meltable or rottable materials. The hurdle of the known construction has, because of its material-consuming and labor-consuming frames of their bottom, a high weight per meter.sup.2 of hurdle surface and is expensive because of poor material use. Since the tolerances in the sense of height and maintenance of a right angle can be provided with difficulties and therefore many adjusting works and fitting works are needed in situ, the price of the square meter because of these works is negatively affected to a great extent. |
The disclosure relates generally to hot gas path (HGP) components, and more particularly, to a cooling structure for an HGP component and methods of fabricating the cooling structure.
In a turbine system, a “hot gas path” (HGP) component can generally include a nozzle, rotor blade, shroud, or other hardware used in a combustion section of a gas turbine. Stationary blades are a type of HGP component used in turbine applications to direct hot gas flows to moving rotor blades, also known as buckets, to generate power. In steam and gas turbine applications, the stationary blades are referred to as nozzles, and are mounted to an exterior structure such as a casing and/or an internal seal structure by endwalls. Each endwall is joined to a corresponding end of an airfoil of the stationary blade. Stationary blades can also include passages or other features for circulating cooling fluids which absorb heat from operative components of the turbomachine. The flow of operative fluids, e.g., hot gas, against the buckets can cause a shaft to rotate and thereby drive a generator operatively connected to the turbine section of the system.
In order to operate in extreme temperature settings, HGP components such as moving and stationary blades need to be cooled. In an example system, cooling fluids can be pulled from the wheel space or a dedicated source and routed into or through a cooling circuit of the blade to provide heat transfer between the composition of the blade and the cooling fluid. In contrast, in many gas turbine applications, later stage nozzles may be fed cooling fluid, e.g., air, extracted from a compressor of the gas turbine. In addition to the effectiveness of cooling, the structure of an HGP and cooling structures therein can affect other factors such as manufacturability, ease of inspection, and the durability of a turbomachine. |
Relatively flat illumination devices are known in the art and are for instance described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,025,482 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,181,378.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,025,482 describes a light guide member and an illuminating device which are able to efficiently uniformly irradiate illumination light to only an area requiring illumination. Therefore, a reflection face is constructed by reflection stripes such as many grooves, etc. widened in a concentric circle shape. Light from a light source unit is widened toward this entire reflection face without irregularities by a diffusing portion such as a reflection prism, etc. Thus, only the range actually requiring the illumination can be illuminated without irregularities, and visibility of the illumination range using a front light is raised.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,181,378 describes apparatuses, and methods for manufacturing such apparatuses, to convert a first distribution of an input radiation to a second distribution of output radiation. The apparatus can be defined in some embodiments by generating a two-dimensional representation of three active optical surfaces including calculating a segment of first, entry and second surfaces based on first second, and third generalized Cartesian ovals, respectively, and successively repeating the calculating of the segments of the first and second surfaces, and rotationally sweeping the two-dimensional representation about a central axis providing a three-dimensional representation. In some embodiments, portion of the first and/or second surfaces can be totally internally reflective (TIR). This document especially describes a folded-optics apparatus comprising a body that receives light, the body comprising first, second and third surfaces; the third surface defining a cavity, and at least a portion of the third surface is refractive; the second surface extending generally radially away from the cavity, and the second surface comprising a reflective region; and at least a first portion of the first surface provides internal reflection folding and at least a second portion of the first surface provides refractive transition between the body and an exterior of the body.
Further, WO2008047278 describes a luminaire comprising a light guiding layer and a plurality of LEDs, which LEDs are accommodated in at least one hole arranged in the light guiding layer, for emitting light into the light guiding layer. The light guiding layer further comprises at least one out-coupling structure, for coupling the light out of the light guiding layer. |
A positive association between extended breast-feeding and nutritional status in rural Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional nutrition surveillance survey to determine the association between extended breast-feeding and growth. The sample consisted of 2148 initially breast-fed children between 12 and 47 mo of age. Breast-feeding for > 24 mo was associated with a greater height-for-age Z score, and breast-feeding for > 18 mo was associated with greater weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z scores. These results remained significant after the number of food groups being consumed at 12 mo of age, age when the selected food items were first given to a child, the consumption of powered milk, recent infections, age, sex, birth order, birth weight, county of residence, father's occupation, and mother's education were controlled for. These results suggest that extended breast-feeding in this population, in which food was introduced late in infancy, was associated with improved nutritional status as measured by standard anthropometric indicators. |
Mainland China nurses' willingness to report to work in a disaster.
A cross-sectional study among a convenience sample of nurses in China was conducted to understand the factors affecting Chinese nurses' willingness to report to work in a disaster. A total of 946 questionnaires were collected. Nearly 90 percent of nurses regarded disaster self-help information, an evacuation plan, and contingency measures a must in preparing for disaster care. Many nurses indicated willingness to work during a disaster that may threaten the safety of their family members than when there is a life-threatening infectious disease outbreak (83.6 and 69.6 percent, p = 0.000). Nurses with longer years of clinical experience were more willing to work in both situations (p = 0.014 and 0.000). Fear of contracting an infectious disease and spreading it to family members was a major factor for nurses' unwillingness to report to work. Hospital administrators should understand their workforce's willingness in reporting to work and provide appropriate disaster training and support to maximize workforce in a disaster. |
This invention relates to improvements in shoes which can eliminate the use of buckles and other rigid-type fasteners that only provide a predetermined, fixed and limited number of adjustments available to the wearer when fastening the shoe.
Some shoes available currently have a strap and buckle closure which offer only limited tautness because of the predetermined position of the holes in the strap for insertion of the rigid stud or latch of the buckle. To fasten buckle type closures, both hands are needed. When the shoe does not fit properly, the foot may shift back and forth, sideways and up and down in the shoe which can cause blisters, bunions, callouses and other problems which are painful and harmful to the feet.
In my prior U.S. Pat. No. 4,079,527 and 4,126,951 and other copending application, I disclosed various Velcro type closures for fastening shoes to maintain the desired tautness specifically across the instep.
Other U.S. patents, particularly the patent to Shaw No. 3,845,769, show the use of a Velcro fastener in footwear. Shaw discloses a therapeutic boot of essentially unyielding material shaped to fit a limb using a plurality of bands with D-rings located adjacent the split in the bottom which receive the Velcro fastener. This structure pulls the sides of the boot together toward the center split.
However, the shoes utilizing the closure assemblies referred to above are not constructed to function in combination with a non-adjustable elastic gore. |
This invention relates to medical devices and procedures used during the repair, replacement, or supplement of a medical patient's natural body organ structures or tissues. In particular, this invention relates to catheters with at least one integrated lumen for use in connection with such medical procedures and to methods of their manufacture.
Revascularization of the human heart is a good example of a medical procedure that involves the repair and supplement of a patient's body organ. Early procedures were known for revascularizing the human heart, but there were several disadvantages to these procedures. The earliest procedures involved exposing the heart by means of a midline sternotomy and stopping the beating of the heart to facilitate performance of the procedure. A graft is used to create a new, uninterrupted channel between a blood source, such as the aorta, and the occluded coronary artery or arteries downstream from the arterial occlusion or occlusions. Such a procedure has significant disadvantages, however, because it is highly invasive and requires general anesthesia. In fact, these disadvantages preclude the use of sternotomy procedures on many patients.
Less invasive procedures were later developed for revascularizing the heart, but these have disadvantages as well. For example, a thoracostomy involves surgical creation of ports in the patient's chest to obtain access to the thoracic cavity. Specially designed instruments are then inserted through the ports. Thoracostomy bypass procedures are less traumatic than sternotomy bypass procedures, but they are still too traumatic for some patients and may be inadequate when the number of surgical bypasses is large. Another procedure, which is known as a thoracotomy, revascularizes the human heart by gaining access to the thoracic cavity with incisions between the patient's ribs, but this procedure may still be too traumatic for some patients.
Goldsteen et al. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/745,618, filed Nov. 7, 1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein, discloses a less traumatic surgical technique for revascularizing the human heart. A key aspect of that invention involves the use of catheters that are inserted into a patient's body through relatively remote entry ports, such as a femoral (leg) artery of the patient, a brachial artery of the patient, or any other suitable entry point. Control of these instruments throughout their use is from a proximal portion that is outside the patient at all times. In order to minimize the number of entry ports or to perform any of the specialized surgical techniques disclosed therein, a single catheter instrument may include two or more lumens. However, as the number of lumens increases, conventional manufacturing methods may yield catheters that have outer diameters that are undesirably large, which may irritate sensitive vessels and preclude their use in narrow vessels. Furthermore, such catheters may be difficult to position and secure in a patient's body.
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of this invention to provide less traumatic methods and apparatus for revascularizing a patient.
It is another object of the invention to provide methods of manufacturing catheters with integrated lumens without substantially increasing the thickness of catheter walls.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a catheter that can create a hemodynamic seal when positioned across vessel walls.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a catheter that can be positioned in a vessel and used to selectively secure one or more medical devices therein. |
[Comparative study of antibiotic consumption in Hungarian hospitals during 1989-1991].
The data of case histories of the year of 1989 of seven Hungarian hospitals and also the 1990 and 1991 data of two hospitals were collected and integrated in a database. Consumption of antibiotics were represented in DDD (Defined Daily Dose)/1000 hospital day. These data were compared with the data of the drugs delivered by the hospital pharmacy in one of the mentioned hospitals between 1989 and 1992. It was concluded that data based on case histories represent better the real antibiotic consumption than those of the hospital pharmacy. Reason of this phenomenon is the fact, that considerable amount of drug supply gets out of institutions. Great differences were observed between the seven hospitals in the total amount of antibiotic consumption and between the different antibiotic groups as well. Drugs most frequently used were tetracyclines, broad spectrum penicillins, sulfonamides and aminoglycosides. Consumption of penicillins was decreasing. Regarding new drugs only utilisation of quinolones was increasing. It was concluded, that structure of antibiotic selection did not follow the recommendations of the medical literature. The authors suggest that "antibiotic policy" should be introduced in Hungarian hospitals so as to imporve antibiotic utilisation. |
The rational design of enzyme-like catalysts is an important long range goal. This proposal explores the possibility of using antibodies, which are exquisite receptor molecules, to catalyze chemical reactions. Our strategy involved synthesis of compounds which mimic the transition state structure of a particular reaction, eliciting immune responses against such substances, and characterization of the specific antibodies generated. Two reactions will be examined: the unimolecular Claisen rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate and the bimolecular Diels-Alder process. These reactions are good to model, since they do not require nucleophilic or general acid-base catalysis but should be susceptible to induced strain and proximity effects. The latter mechanisms of catalysis are what distinguish enzymes from most chemical catalysts. It is important to understand how enzymes work, and antibodies that mediate the Claisen and Diels-Alder reactions would be useful tools for investigating how enzymes utilize binding energy to achieve enormous rate enhancements and remarkable regio- and stereoselectivity. Furthermore, the Claisen and Diels-Alder reactions are among the most valuable synthetic reactions available to organic chemists for preparation of important health-related natural products. The ability to catalyze these processes with the high rates and selectivities typical of enzymes would therefore represent a significant scientific advance. We expect, finally, that the knowledge gained in this project will lead to the elaboration of general strategies for design of artificial enzymes for any chemical reaction, capitalizing on the virtually limitless supply of highly specific antibody binding sites. |
Currently, the wireless communication systems such as the mobile telephone systems or the wireless LANs (Local Area Networks) are widely used. In order to further improve the transmission rate and the transmission quality in the wireless communication technologies, next-generation technologies are being actively discussed. Some wireless communication technologies enable communication between two wireless communication devices (e.g., between a wireless base station and a mobile station) by use of multiple carriers. In some cases, the use of multiple carriers is called carrier aggregation, and each carrier in the carrier aggregation is called a component carrier.
In wireless communication, control signals are transmitted from a first wireless communication device to a second wireless communication device. The information transmitted by the control signals may include information which is to be referred to by the second wireless communication device for receiving data transmitted from the first wireless communication device (e.g., information indicating the format used in the data transmission), or information designating a transmission procedure to be used by the second wireless communication device in transmission of data (e.g., information designating a format to be used in the data transmission). For example, information transmitted from a wireless base station to a mobile station may include information to be referred to by the mobile station when the mobile station receives data through a downlink data channel, or information to be referred to by the mobile station when the mobile station transmits data through an uplink data channel.
In the case where wireless communication is performed between two wireless communication devices by use of multiple carriers, a wireless resource used in transmission of a control signal may belong to a carrier different from the carrier to which a wireless resource used in data transmission controlled by the control signal belongs. In this case, the problem is the method for recognition of the carrier to which the control signal is applied.
According to a technique which has been proposed as a recognition method, the carrier to which the control signal is applied is clearly indicated by attaching a bit for carrier recognition (carrier indicator) to the control signal. (See, for example, “Final Report of 3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 #57 v1.0.0”, 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) TSG RAN WG1 #57bis, R1-092292, July 2009, Section 15.4.)
Another recognition method which has been proposed is applied to a wireless base station scrambling a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) bits attached to a control signal, with a scrambling sequence corresponding to an ID (Identifier) assigned to a mobile station as an opposite party. (See, for example, “Control signaling for carrier aggregation”, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #55bis, R1-090375, January 2009.) According to the above recognition method, IDs in the number of carriers are assigned to each mobile station, and the CRC bits are scrambled with a scrambling sequence corresponding to one of the IDs. Therefore, it is possible to concurrently recognize both of the mobile station and the carrier to which the control signal is applied.
However, according to the technique disclosed in 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #57bis, R1-092292, the wireless resources are excessively spent for attaching the carrier indicator to the control signal, so that the transmission efficiency of the control signal is lowered. In addition, according to the technique disclosed in 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #55bis, R1-090375, the IDs in the number of carriers are assigned to the opposite party. Therefore, the ID exhaustion becomes a problem. In the case where the length of the bit sequence of the ID is fixed, the number of opposite parties with which communication can be performed in parallel is limited. For example, in the case where five carriers are available in total, the upper limit of the number of opposite parties with which communication can be performed in parallel can become one fifth of the number of opposite parties with which communication can be performed in parallel when only one carrier is used in communication with each opposite party.
Further, in some cases, information indicating a border between the control signal and a data channel is transmitted as a separate control signal. In such cases, when the separate control signal is not correctly received, the border between the control signal and the data channel cannot be correctly detected, so that data cannot be correctly received through the data channel. |
Dipole antennas have long been used in various communications systems, including radio, television, and radiotelephone systems. It is well known that the lengths of the dipole arms on the antenna should be adapted to the wavelengths (.lambda.) of the signals transmitted and received. Typically, a plurality of arms having different lengths are used, in order to cover a predetermined range of frequencies. The sequence and spacing of these arms, and of any reflector behind them, determines various characteristics of the resulting beam or radiation field. These characteristics include vertical beam width, horizontal beam width, and front-to-back (F/B) ratio, i.e. the ratio of signal strength in front of the antenna to signal strength in back of the antenna. When a number of different arms are used, each arm makes its own contribution to the resulting field, and the overall expected result rapidly becomes difficult to calculate mathematically in advance. Therefore, considerable experimentation is often needed to achieve desired beam characteristics.
A well-known log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) design is the "tree" configuration, in which parallel arms extend sideways from a central "trunk" or "standoff," the bottom arm near the base is the longest, and each successive arm is shorter toward the top of the antenna. Such LPDA designs typically result in a front-to-back (F/B) ratio less than 40 dB. This F/B ratio is considered insufficient for use in current PCS (Personal Communication System) cellular telephone sites, since radiation emanating out the back of the antenna tends to cause interference among adjacent sites. A horizontal beam width of 90 degrees is typical. However, in highly congested urban environments, it is preferable to have horizontal beamwidth of 65 degrees, which is obtained by using two parallel columns of dipoles, spaced 0.25 .lambda. to 0.30 .lambda. apart. The wavelength lambda (.lambda.) is the inverse of the frequency. The frequency band allotted for PCS use in the United States is between 1.85 GigaHertz and 1.99 GigaHertz, with a center frequency 1.92 GHz. The PCS band allotted in Europe has a center frequency 1.78 GHz, meaning that the wavelength is about 8% greater. Accordingly, antenna dimension examples stated for the U.S. should be scaled up about 8% for use in Europe.
My earlier LPDA design work has included an "hourglass" dipole strip configuration, in which top and bottom arms are longer than one or more middle arms. This design works well for generating a 90 degree beamwidth, but when used for generating a 65 degree beamwidth, typically results in F/B ratios in the range between 37 dB and 42 dB, better than provided by the "tree" configuration, but still insufficient. Reference is made to pending application U.S. Ser. No. 08/807,560 by myself and a colleague. |
Prior research suggests that at least two processes are involved in recognition judgments: A fast similarity-based process and a slower recall-like process. However, very little research has explored the specific operation of the recall process. Many researchers have proposed that the recall process operates in a recall-to-reject fashion. In a recall-to-reject process, a test foil that is similar to a studied stimulus is rejected (i.e., called "new") because the studied stimulus is recalled and the mismatch with the similar foil is noticed. For a variety of associative recognition tasks, such as recognizing whether two words were studied together or whether a test word was studied on a particular stimulus list, there is evidence for the use of such a recall-to-reject process. However, item recognition tasks have found no support for the use of recall-to-reject processing. Instead, the data from item recognition tasks are consistent with a recall-to-accept process in which a memory trace that matches the test probe must be retrieved in order for a positive ("old") response to be generated. The proposed research will provide more direct evidence on the operation of the recall-based process in item and associative recognition. New research will: 1) seek converging and unique evidence on the nature of the recall process using receiver- operating characteristic (ROC) curves, 2) estimate the contribution of the underlying processing using conjoint recognition theory, and 3) demonstrate a consequence of the recall process, namely, the inhibition of studied items that are similar to a studied test item. Two pilot studies provide evidence for this inhibitory phenomenon in a recognition task, and the proposed inhibition experiments will a) evaluate the development of that inhibition over processing time; b) determine the extent of the inhibition as a function of the similarity and number of studied items; and c) explore the relationship between the presence or absence of inhibition and the specific operation of the recall process (i.e., recall-to-reject or recall-to- accept). |
Influence of self-reported work conditions and health on full, partial and no return to work after long-term sickness absence.
This study aimed at describing the frequency of full, partial, and no return to work after long-term sick leave and at ascertaining the influence of psychosocial work conditions, work ability and health, reported before the onset of sick leave, on full and partial return to work. Altogether 853 public-sector employees in Sweden, mainly women, with at least one sick leave lasting > or = 28 days, were studied. The outcome was the level of sick leave 2 years after the sick leave began. Potential predictors were self-rated health, work ability, and psychosocial work conditions assessed by questionnaire before the sick leave. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by multinomial regression analyses. Altogether 41% of the participants went directly from full sick leave to full return to work; 21% had periods of partial return to work, but, at the 2-year follow-up, were fully back to work; 15% had partial return to work; and 23% were still not working. A relaxed work situation, a combination of low demands and high decision latitude, increased the odds for full (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.60-4.62) and partial (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.21-4.85) return to work. Negative consequences of organizational changes were associated with decreased odds for full return to work (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.38-0.77). Good self-rated health and work ability were associated with full return to work. Partial return to work often precedes full return to work, but also operates as a long-term solution for remaining occupationally active. Promoting relatively low demands and high decision latitude at work may support both full and partial return to work after long sick leaves. |
"Oh, Rick had cleaned up." "He was back on track." "A photo like this gets into the hands of the authorities, that's strike three." "You write up a new contract and allocate it all to me." "I found an old stripper well on miss Henderson's land." "If I deepen it a little, I'll hit another oil reservoir." "I know you had feelings for John Ross." "What do you say you and I make a new deal?" "$20,000?" "I can't risk you coming back in a few years after I've built a company and trying to claim ownership." "It's about time we had a little talk..." "About that e-mail you sent Elena." "There's something I need to tell you..." "About..." "The e-mail Elena got two years ago." "The one telling her..." "You weren't showing up for the wedding." "How do you even know about that?" "I love you, Christopher, more than anything." "The last thing I want to do is hurt you." "But John Ross is blackmailing me." "Three years ago, Tommy moved to Dallas." "His roommate knew you." "Knew about you and Elena." "All I knew was that you were gonna be on the train!" "That you had just broken up with someone." "But I didn't know." "I swear I didn't know what Tommy had done." "And what did Tommy do?" "He sent the e-mail to Elena and made it look like it had come from your computer." "I swear I didn't know!" "I didn't know he did it." "I didn't know until yesterday when John Ross confronted me." "You need to believe that." "You need to believe I love you." "Wait." "♪ Theme music plays ♪" "Hey, Tommy!" "No!" "No!" "Christopher, stop!" "Stop!" "No, no, no." "Stop!" "Stop!" "Please." "Stop." "What the hell did I do to you?" "!" "I had to tell him, Tommy." "He knows you sent the e-mail to Elena breaking them up." "You did what?" "!" "It was a scam!" "The both of them!" "For our money." "No, don't blame it on Becca." "It was all me." "I'm sorry, man." "Why?" "!" "You son..." "no, no, no!" "How could you do that to him?" "!" "Use us all like this." "I just did." "You son of a bitch!" "Chad!" "Get this punk off my ranch." "Christopher!" "I love you." "I never would've taken your money." "You've got to believe that." "You've got to believe me!" "Just believe me." "Make sure I never see you again." "I'm sorry I didn't believe you." "I shouldn't have accused you of sending that e-mail." "I just need to know you're not gonna chase after him." "He offered to pay me off." "He said I had no integrity." "Christopher and I are done." "All right." "Morning." "Bueno." "Now I can do something." "Mr. Bobby won't let me help him." "I think it's rude." "Just trying to stay busy." "No word from Christopher?" "No." "I'm sure he's okay." "Can you imagine?" "Ugh." "And that brother." "I never liked him." "I hate myself for trusting him." "And her too." "Yes." "Of course." "She just looked so devastated when she left." "I mean, you think it's possible that the whole thing was an act?" "Everything?" "Honey, it doesn't matter." "I left word for Mitch Lobell." "See if there's anything we can do legally about Rebecca and her brother." "I just hope Christopher's okay." "Hey, there." "Can I help ya?" "Robert James ewing?" "Yeah, that's me." "What do you got?" "Thank you." "What is it?" "It's from Lobell." "It's probably about the sale of the ranch." "Mm." "What's wrong?" "J.R." "Southfork's deed is in your name." "Is this some kind of joke?" "No, Bobby." "It's not a joke." "Say, bum, give Bobby and me a couple of minutes, will you?" "Now, Bobby, let me explain, before you get your boxers in a knot." "Oh, I am gonna want to hear this story." "You know, I always felt a little funny about that Marta del sol girl, ever since I saw her at the cattle baron's ball." "Daddy always said beautiful women were the most dangerous." "I know all the things daddy used to say." "Well, a couple of weeks ago," "I heard she was planning on selling Southfork to cliff Barnes." "I was surprised she could put it right back on the market after buying it from you." "But, hell, I figured that was just the deal you and Lobell made with her." "That wasn't the deal, J.R., and you know it." "Well, Bobby kept me out of the deal." "So, no, I don't know it, darlin'." "When I heard that vulture Barnes was trying to steal Southfork, get his hands on the ranch and all the oil my boy found under it," "I got a group of investors together and swooped in and bought it from del sol." "Well, I don't think cliff Barnes knew what hit him." "And I guess maybe neither did you." "Now she's mine." "I'm gonna start sinking more Wells as soon as I can." "Ewing oil is back in business, Bobby." "That's not gonna happen, J.R." "This is not gonna happen." "That's why I wanted to sell Southfork in the first place... to stop all this feuding and leave a legacy to mama." "You want to carry on mama's legacy?" "Well, I want to carry on daddy's." "I'm taking back what should have been mine in the first place." "That's how you justify this?" "How twisted can you get?" "Now, why don't you settle down and accept what's what?" "The deed is real, and this place is mine." "But you can stay here as long as you like, Bobby." "We're family." "I'm gonna make this right." "And I'm gonna take you down..." "Brother." "Always did get a little hot under the collar when he didn't get his way." "But he'll come around." "You'll see." "They warned me, my whole marriage, they told me about you." "But in my wildest imagination," "I never thought you could stoop to this." "Well, Annie, you're just gonna have to work on your imagination." "Bobby!" "Where are you going?" "Lobell's." "Dad?" "Dad!" "What happened?" "J.R. Stole Southfork." "He's gonna drill." "He'd what?" "You heard me." "I can only imagine John Ross is deep in this, too." "Dad, wait!" "Wait!" "Wait." "I'm coming with you." "Oh, my God." "Son of a bitch!" "Lew, thanks for helping." "Yeah, I'm sorry about all this, Bobby." "It's devastating what Lobell has done." "I've known him for a long time, and I pegged him as a good guy." "Well, I worked with him for 30 years." "I want to break his neck." "I would, too, son." "So, how bad is it?" "Well, my team and I have gone through the files you brought." "I spoke with Carlos del sol and Dallas p.D." "Here's where things stand right now." "The del sol conservancy was never really in this deal..." "Bobby." "Lobell lied to you about all of it." "All his due diligence was a fraud, as was the woman pretending to be Marta del sol." "Dallas p.D. Has an apb out for her arrest, but they're pessimistic without her real identity." "Her cellphone number and her address were bogus." "Even the moneys that were exchanged were done through untraceable accounts offshore." "Police think it's likely she's left the country, and the same is true for Lobell and his family." "Then you can prove it was a fraud." "Just undo the deal and put the deed back in my name." "It's not that simple, Bobby." "How is it not that simple?" "Son, just a minute." "No jury is gonna doubt what went on here." "The sale of Southfork to Marta del sol was a fraud." "But it was also a bona fide sale." "Your father was paid the contract price and cashed the check." "Then I'll give the money back." "You can't, Bobby, because of the second sale to J.R." "He was a third-party purchaser for value, which means the sale of Southfork to him was valid..." "And cannot be undone unless we can prove he was involved in or knew about the fraud of the first deal." "And how the hell am I supposed to do that, lew?" "Well, first things first." "We'll need all the private records you have on the deal." "And berman here will sit you down and take you through an oral timeline." "You're just lucky I was smart." "Getting all this stuff before you blew us up." "I told you, John Ross was gonna tell Christopher." "If there was a chance of Chris believing me," "I had to tell him myself." "Well, that worked real well." "Do you really think I wanted him to hate me?" "Exactly the opposite." "At least I got us access to Christopher's computer." "So we can track his progress with the methane extraction." "And when that works, there's gonna be a lot of people we can sell those plans to." "And all these files that I copied... there's got to be something in them we can monetize." "Don't you think?" "Yeah." "Hey." "I put two years into this." "I plan on coming out a millionaire." "So you better pull yourself together and start helping me find something." "You're hurting me." "Don't forget we're in this together..." "For the long haul." "If I'd have known you were coming I'd have got up earlier." "What have you done, John Ross?" "Southfork!" "Your daddy told Bobby this morning that it's his, that he's drilling section 18." "My daddy did what?" "Don't play games, John Ross." "The deed's in J.R.'S name." "That's impossible." "I thought you let it go." "That we were moving forward with drilling the Henderson well." "J.R. And Bobby are at war!" "They think you're a part of this, too." "I got to talk to my father." "That's all you're gonna say, really?" "You're not even gonna deny it?" "I don't know what's going on!" "All right?" "!" "I was just starting to trust you again." "This is J.R. Ewing." "After the beep, tell me what you know." "P" "J.R.?" "Open this door!" "J.R.!" "He left, Bobby." "An hour ago." "Oh, damn it." "He's already got Ryland tankers headed to section 18." "Well, what did the lawyer say?" "Ha!" "Not only did Lobell hang me out to dry, but if I want to get Southfork back," "I have to prove J.R. Was in on the fraud, or at least he knew about it." "So they're interviewing everybody they can think of." "They're gonna subpoena his bank records and his phone records and even the visitor's log at the nursing home." "But I know my brother pretty well, and he's covered his tracks." "Well, what about Marta del sol?" "Oh, well, actually, she wasn't Marta del Sol, and the police are looking for her." "We need to start fighting fire with fire." "Dad, we need to start dealing with the same type of people they do to find what we need to bring them down." "We are not breaking the law to fix this, son." "J.R. And my cousin are gonna be pumping by the end of the week!" "If not sooner!" "We need to do more, and we need to do it now!" "I'm going to fight this with everything I've got," "Christopher, but I'm not doing business with crooks." "That's not who we are." "Maybe not you." "Son..." "The whole point of selling Southfork in the first place was to stop this family's descent." "I'm not going to let us lower ourself any further." "Look what it's already cost us." "Look at what Rebecca and Tommy's lies have done to you." "I am done sitting around while people walk all over me in this family!" "So am I!" "I have fought J.R. Before, son, and I beat him." "And I'll beat him here..." "my way." "No." "We are doing this the right way." "Honey, you can have everybody just start unpacking, because we are not going anywhere." "Okay." "Your father isn't here." "I don't know where he is." "Tell me it isn't true." "You tell me you did not cut me out of this deal and put Southfork into my father's name!" "You need to discuss that with J.R." "No, I brought you into this deal." "How could you turn around and give all of Southfork to J.R.?" "!" "I warned you not to mix business with pleasure." "I gave you chance after chance." "What the hell are you talking about?" "It was taken yesterday." "You had me followed." "Your father did." "I guess he couldn't trust you, either." "You said you and Elena were broken up." "You lied to me." "You lied to me about where you were the other day, and you blew me off to be with her yesterday." "You hurt me." "I warned you." "I warned you not to toy with me." "I warned you not to confuse our business dealings by getting involved." "You let me fall for you." "I could have explained... with another lie." "That picture's pretty obvious." "You undo what you did." "You put my name back on that deed." "It's too late." "Besides, it was a much better business deal anyway." "I should tell the cops where you are." "Who you are." "And lose any claim you have to Southfork by blowing up your father's deal?" "You stay the hell away from me." "If you know what's good for you." "I need you to be certain..." "Because there's no turning back." "I've never met anyone like you." "We're two of a kind." "Are you sure you won't mix business with pleasure?" "What the hell did we do last night?" "Oh, I remember you like it rough, huh?" "John Ross." "I'm your daddy's friend, bum." "You're the son of a bitch who took those pictures." "I ought to kill you." "J.R. Asked me to come get you." "May you have as strong a second half as you had the first, Jerry." "Good to have you back in form, J.R." "And I appreciate you making sure everybody knows it." "I'll let you be alone with your boy." "Good to see you, John Ross." "You've got quite a father there." "I'll say." "Marta called." "Trying to know where your head is at." "A little word of advice... you ought to be a lot nicer to that girl." "She's a bit of a loose Cannon." "I should call the police." "Have you arrested for what you did." "There's no reason for that." "The deed to Southfork is still yours for the having, John Ross." "It's just a matter of time." "You and I were supposed to be partners... now." "That was the deal." "The deal was to teach you the oil business." "And I am." "I'm leaving town in a little while." "I'm putting you in charge." "I'm throwing you into the deep end just like my daddy did to me." "I'm gonna see if you can swim." "Or sink." "I don't need to be tested." "I was ready to do this all by myself." "Well, now if that were true, you wouldn't have had the deal stolen out from under you." "Here's my power of attorney so you can run things." "And bum's staying behind." "If you get into trouble, he can be resourceful, which I think you know." "Just start drilling." "By the time I'm back," "Bobby will have gotten used to oil being pumped on Southfork and the damage will be done." "Just don't screw it up." "Jerry Jones and the cowboys organization is proud to welcome J.R. Ewing to the cowboys stadium." "Smile for the camera." "Let's all give him a big Texas-size welcome." "Oh, I'm so glad you picked up." "I was terrified you wouldn't." "What do you want, Rebecca?" "I'm so sorry, Ann." "You were so nice to me." "You made me feel like family." "I didn't mean to... once you started the lie, there was only one way out." "Can I see you?" "Explain it all to you in person?" "So you can look at me in the eye and see that I am not as horrible as you think I am." "Please, Ann." "Please." "I really appreciate the money, Mr. ewing." "I barely get tips around here, even at Christmas." "Hey, I just appreciate you doing my cousin a solid." "John Ross would be freaking out if I wasn't able to pick up this oil lease report that he left here." "Well, there she is." "I'll wait here for you." "You know what?" "Uh, it might take me a while to find it." "I wouldn't want you to get in trouble for..." "Not Manning the front door." "I'll lock up on my way out." "Yeah, I-I should really wait, I think." "You know, I've already put you out enough already." "It's fine." "Trust me." "Marta oh, I remember you like it rough, huh?" "You like it rough..." "Veronica." "I'm sorry it had to be done like this." "But I'm counting on you." "Make your daddy proud." "Where are you goin'?" "Well, what fun would I get out of telling you that?" "Besides, what you don't know, you can't tell." "When are you coming back?" "That depends on you, son." "There you go." "My father said you weren't moving out." "I'm glad." "Don't you come in this house and be smart with me, young man." "I'll toss you right out that door." "I'm in the mood." "Besides..." "Your dad is not here." "I know." "Will you give my Uncle and I a minute, please?" "I don't want any trouble with you, Uncle Bobby." "Now, I know we've had our differences in the past, but what's gone on here is between you and my father." "I ain't got nothing to do with it." "You really expect me to believe that." "All you've ever wanted is to drill on this ranch." "You see my name anywhere on my father's deed?" "If you ask me, though, you should have let me drill when Elena and I asked." "If you did, I don't think my father would have been pushed to this." "You should've known J.R. Wouldn't let a billion barrels of oil slip through his hands." "Yeah, well, I am gonna fight him on that." "And I think that hurt him." "One of the reasons why he left Dallas this afternoon." "J.R. Left?" "I just saw him go." "He's put me in a real uncomfortable situation." "J.R. Gave you his power of attorney." "Well, the two of you must really be enjoying this little joke." "Oh, I assure you it is no joke." "At my father's request, I'm moving in to Southfork to keep an eye on things in his absence." "Into his suite, of course." "I'm gonna start pumping section 18 as soon as I can." "Now, I know you're gonna have a problem with that." "But I'm hoping you and I can stay out of each other's way." "The last thing I'd want to do is have to kick you off this ranch." "Like you did to me." "♪ Music plays ♪" "I keep thinking if I could go back, make better choices..." "Meet Christopher under different circumstances." "The funny thing is..." "I'd probably have never met him if things had been different." "You're young, Rebecca." "You make mistakes when you're young." "It doesn't mean you can't change." "Move beyond this in time." "You really believe that?" "I've had to." "I keep letting myself fall into bad patterns." "Letting myself be swayed by my brother." "Your choices are yours, not his." "I know." "The thing is..." "I don't know what he would do..." "If he felt that I didn't have his back." "Where's Tommy now?" "Trying to figure out his next move." "And you?" "Trying to figure out a way to tell him to go to hell." "Maybe the first step to that is coming clean with Christopher." "Do you think Christopher could ever forgive me?" "It's more than forgiveness." "It's trust." "And somehow proving to him that you're worthy of a second chance." "No..." "I heard you this morning." "Now, hear me out." "I spoke to my father." "He did what you said." "Southfork, the oil, it's all in his name." "He left town." "He wants me to do his bidding until he gets back." "Till Uncle Bobby settles down." "He thinks it will be better this way." "Well, I guess you got what you wanted." "I wanted it." "But not this way." "He's put my head in the cross hairs doing things his way." "And he has left me..." "alone." "I never wanted to do it alone." "I wanted to do it with you." "Trust me." "I feel the same way about J.R." "I've spent my whole life trying not to be his son." "But this place..." "That oil..." "It's my birthright." "And now that it's all on me," "I got to do whatever I can to make it work." "But Bobby doesn't deserve... no, Bobby was hurt by my father, not me." "Not you." "Bobby also wanted to give away Southfork." "All of it." "I cannot say that I'm sorry that my father stopped him from doing that." "Uh..." "You have accused me of awful things that I did not do." "And yet I'm still here, at your door..." "Asking you to take a chance..." "On me." "Asking you to do what we always said we would do..." "Together." "I can't be a part of that." "You can't be a part of that..." "Or a part of me?" "I don't know." "J.R. Thought he could get out of all of this by leaving town, so he put John Ross in charge." "I'm just afraid he's gonna tear up this whole ranch digging for oil before he's done." "I did this, Annie, by rushing it." "I tried to make things better, and I made them worse." "What the hell was I thinking?" "You were shouldering everything yourself." "Especially the cancer." "And you didn't make this bad." "J.R. Did." "You are the strongest man I know." "You will fix this." "Yeah, but they're gonna start pumping before I figure this out." "And I promised mama that wouldn't happen." "I've got to find a way to slow him down." "You will figure this out." "I just wish I was as certain as you." "Elena!" "Open the door!" "Elena!" "Please?" "You're drunk, Christopher." "You need to go home." "I'm sorry." "I'm sorry for what I said the other day." "I'm just..." "I'm sorry." "Oh, God." "Okay, come on." "Come in." "You helped me last night?" "You could barely make it to the couch, let alone the house." "Here." "Drink this." "Then get out." "I-I thought that... you thought because I let you sleep on my couch that I forgive you?" "I let you sleep there because it was the decent thing to do." "You could learn something about decency, Christopher." "I'm sorry." "You know exactly what I'm insecure about, what hurts me, and still you went there." "I'm sorry about Rebecca, but don't come here looking to make peace." "To think that I let you put in my head that it was John Ross this whole time when that's what you think." "That's exactly how you think of me." "John Ross?" "!" "Do you have any idea what he's up to?" "Whatever you think, more than anyone he has always had my back." "And he has never, ever..." "Made me feel bad..." "The way you made me feel the other day." "Mr. Ryland?" "Your ex-wife is here to see you." "Thank you for seeing me, Harris." "Why don't you come over here and give me a hug?" "I don't think that's necessary." "Oh, well, I do." "You know, I expected you to sit up on your high horse for at least a couple more minutes before you caved." "Especially since, as I remember," "I make your skin crawl." "Of course you always were prone to hyperbole." "I don't want to fight with you." "That's pretty obvious, Annie." "You're here for a favor." "Why would you want to start a fight?" "You have a contract with J.R. Ewing to transport 2,000 barrels a day from his well on Southfork." "I want you to cancel the contract." "I'm the only one in Dallas with enough trucks to move that kind of oil." "If J.R. Can't move his oil, then he's got to stop drilling." "Is that the endgame you're looking after?" "You can just nod your head if I'm hitting the mark." "After all these years, I can still read your mind." "Forget it." "After all we've been through," "I thought you might have changed." "Oh, people don't." "Now, maybe the clothes we wear, the size of one's heels." "It's nice to see you're not afraid to be wearing them anymore, by the way." "But the soul?" "I think that stays pretty constant." "Otherwise you wouldn't be here." "I'll do it." "I like your husband." "And I always thought his brother was a prick." "So I'll pull my trucks." "It's gonna cost you a hug." "Saw the completion rig outside." "Crew already gone for the day?" "I thought you were in a hurry." "Well, they finished the casing faster than expected." "It still needs to dry, so I broke them early." "I'm a good boss, remember?" "Never met a crew that didn't like you." "A tycoon who gets his hands dirty... who can resist that?" "So, you in this with me?" "I thought Bobby was wrong to not let us drill." "We were never gonna ruin the land." "But I can't drill on Southfork." "I can't be in the middle of that war." "I'll work my leases on the Henderson land." "Maybe give you a run for your money." "You're an independent woman." "I like that." "I understand why you're doing this." "It's your birthright." "You have to prove yourself to your father." "But promise me that you had nothing to do with stealing Southfork." "That it was all J.R." "Promise me you're the man I think you are." "I swear..." "None of it was me." "Oh, you pulled yourself together." "Yeah." "I'm feeling better about things." "Good." "Find anything yet?" "Hmm." "Doorman let me in." "He's under the impression the two of us are close." "What are you doing here?" "Got something to show you." "Come on, John Ross." "You know what I like." "Don't you say?" "I remember you liked it rough." "Where'd you get this?" "Where do you think?" "She left it for you." "Here." "I especially like the part where you call Marta by her real name..." "Veronica." "Proves that you knew who she was before the deal was made." "That you were conspiring against my father." "So what?" "The deed's not in my name." "Show it to the police, your father..." "It's not gonna help you get Southfork back." "Or are you just gonna hold it over my head with Elena?" "You'd do anything to get her to hate me." "I wouldn't show her that." "I wouldn't do that to her." "Might not undo the deal, but fraud and conspiracy..." "Are still a crime in the state of Texas." "I want proof..." "From you that J.R. Was in on the fraud." "Enough proof to undo the deal." "Or you're going to jail." |
The present technology relates to implantable compositions that exhibit desired release profiles of bioactive agents.
Various approaches have been employed in attempting to provide implantable compositions that provide systemic or local delivery of drug actives. Some active technologies, e.g., insulin pumps, have been developed to provide variable rate drug delivery. However, these require specialized equipment and are desirable for use in only chronic conditions. Alternatively, passive drug releasing implants have been developed to provide a post-implantation burst or spike of the active agent after in vivo biodegradation of a long-term coating. Many such approaches simply provide long-term release at a constant rate. However, among other issues, these materials can exhibit premature release of the bioactive agent through the layer of long-term biodegradable coating. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide implants capable of releasing bioactive agents in a manner that is more selective, with decreased risk of premature release, and that is adaptable to provide any of various pre-selected drug release profiles. |
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Currently, in the prior art, there are available a number of devices which are designed to hold jewelry neatly and securely in a flexible roll up device. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,209,344 issued to Smith discloses a device which has a thin flexible planar layer of plastic or fabric to which is attached a plurality of transparent pockets into which jewelry items may be placed. The entire device is intended to be hung from a closet rod or hook which renders the pieces of jewelry stored therein readily visible and available to the user. However, there must be one pocket for each piece of jewelry to be contained therein, which limits the amount of jewelry contained in the device to the number of pockets provided on the device.
Another issued patent, U.S. Pat. No. 5,427,230 issued to Mattox, discloses the use of a similar device, made from a mesh type fabric which is supported by additional segments of solid type fabric. Rings cannot be accommodated by such a device. Further, necklaces and bracelets can only be held by just a few velcro strap attachments located at the bottom of the device.
A similar soft planar jewelry holding device is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,401,219 issued to Mink which discloses the use of varying sizes of transparent plastic removably secured to a fabric backing member by means of miniature hook and loop fasteners. During the use of this particular device, the user cannot simply remove the jewelry pieces; she must pull back a portion of the hook/loop fastening member, select the piece, and then reposition the plastic retention member.
A final patent shown in the prior art is U.S. Pat. No. 4,413,736 issued to Nibbling which discloses the use of a jewelry box having a rigid frame member which is fastened onto a rigid, rectangular jewelry box member which contains a pair of screens. It is anticipated that earrings and necklaces shall be attached by separate hook or pin members which are thrust into a backing board in the interior of the device. The device is apparently suited only to holding necklaces, bracelets and rings, and no means for holding earrings, either pierced or clip is provided.
Thus, the prior art does not show any device which is rigid, easy to conceal in a closet between clothes, covered by an ordinary article of clothing, or behind a picture or mirror and which can hold a wide variety of jewelry such as necklaces, bracelets and either pierced or clip style earrings wherein the various jewelry pieces may be readily viewed and selected by the user. |
The present invention relates to a novel method for suspension polymerization which is useful in providing a narrow, small particle size distribution. The method is useful in providing finely divided color developers for use in carbonless paper and cylithographic imaging systems of the type described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,399,209 and 4,772,541 in providing toners for electrophotography, and in providing moulding powders.
Methods for the suspension polymerization of acrylates and other unsaturated monomers are well known in the art. The process normally consists in dispensing a liquid monomer in an aqueous phase with stirring to form a dispersion of monomer droplets in the aqueous phase. The suspension is normally stablized by the presence of a dispersing agent, examples of which include gelatin, starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, salts of polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids and certain inorganic colloidal materials; e.g., hydrated magnesium silicates and tricalcium phosphate; nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants and the like.
It is generally considered difficult and expensive to prepare particles in the 1 to 20 micron range. The material being polymerized passes through a sticky, viscous phase during which the particles tend to coalesce causing the formation of aggregates and a lack of uniformity as to particle size and molecular weight. Small amounts of suspension stabilizers or dispersing agents are used to prevent the particles from sticking together and agglomerating during the polymerization process. The lack of suitable stabilizers and dispersing agents is considered a major reason that small particles and a narrow particle size distribution have not been obtained. |
1. The Field of Invention
This invention relates generally to systems for sensing environmental or physical parameters such as for pressure, temperature and light changes, and to transducers for generating electrical signals corresponding to such remotely sensed environmental or physical parameters. The invention further relates to an electronically operated CPR force monitoring system.
2. State of the Art
A great many devices are known for sensing force and pressure values. For the purposes of the present discussion, the terms force and pressure can be considered interchangeable, and to include other force related values such as torque. Likewise, devices are known for sensing temperature and light parameter changes. Many of such devices are mechanical in nature, and many are electrical devices. While many of these devices have proven very effective for their intended uses, there remains a need in many areas for compact, reliable, effective, inexpensive and low power sensor and transducer devices and systems. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,858,620,filed on Feb. 28, 1986 and which issued on Aug. 22, 1989, entitled "Warning Systems for Excessive Orthopedic Pressures", a non-invasive system for remotely monitoring the pressure beneath the cast on a part of the body is disclosed for warning when the measured pressure is approaching dangerous levels. That system should incorporate remote sensors which are compact enough to fit beneath the cast without requiring any modification to the cast's size or shape. Furthermore, the system, being battery operated and portable, must be reliable and effective to protect the patient, and still be of low power requirements and inexpensive. Although means are known for measuring pressures beneath casts, among the reasons why such means are not widely used are that they are invasive, difficult to use and their prohibitively expensive, particularly in view of the present absence of such systems in existing orthopedic procedures and because the addition of such systems would significantly increase the cost of the cast. Another medical application requiring a force detection system is a CPR unit in which the force applied to the lower sternum is displayed in real time for each of the cyclic compressions during the procedure. The object, of course, is to prevent forces that are too low to be effective or so high as to cause physical damage to the patient's chest.
Aside from the medical application discussed above, there are other applications where a need exists for low cost, remotely located sensors to be utilized in transducer circuitry. For example, such need exists in the automotive industry. This need is discussed by Flynn, in his article in Product Engineering, August, 1978 (pgs. 43-49).
A number of electrical devices have been developed and described in the patent literature for detecting changes in environmental or physical parameters. One such device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,552,028. This patent discloses a single device for measuring force by a capacitive sensor.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,562,382 discloses a solid-state inverter including a multiple core transformer which is useful as a high frequency power source for use in connection with an electron discharge lamb.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,381,506, a single unit transducer apparatus is disclosed. This apparatus provides an electrical signal which senses motion of a component, e.g., a movable ring about a magnetically conductive core. This apparatus is designed for coupling to internal combustion engines.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,156,223, an improved positional transducer is disclosed which utilizes an elongated, hollow, cylindrical tube of a magnetically saturable material, a sensing wire that runs through the tube parallel to its elongated axis and a pair of elongated, generally rectangularly shaped magnets of opposite polarity which are closely positioned adjacent diametrically opposite exterior portions of the tube. A similar positional transducer is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,203; however, the '223 patent is an improved version of the transducer disclosed in this patent.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,122,427 discloses a motion monitor particularly useful for monitoring infant respiration. The monitor comprises an oscillator driving an ultrasonic wave generator, a receiver for ultrasonic echoes, a phase detector for detecting phase shift between the outputs of the detector and an oscillator, and means for recovering the respiration envelope from the output of the phase detector.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,140,475 discloses a device for position and motion indication. The device includes a primary coil and a secondary coil coaxially aligned in an end-to-end relation and electrically connected in series, with an A.C. supply connected across the primary coil and a signal readout device connected across both the primary and secondary coils in series relation.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,020,527, a position indicating system which will indicate the position of a device at a location remote from a movable device is provided. More specifically, a telemetric system is disclosed that may be employed expeditiously with an elongated tube which tube may act as a pressure wall.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,001,183 also relates to position indicator systems for sliding magnetic sleeves which operate within a completely enclosed vessel. Specifically, a remote linear position indicator is disclosed that has a sensing element positioned within a tubular magnetic wall.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,284,364 discloses a tensiometer for measuring thread tension while the thread is passing through the measuring device at a high rate. This device was designed for use in the fiber and garment industries.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,142,981 discloses a transducer device for producing digital electrical signals to measure the magnitude of force applied to the force sensing element. The force sensing element includes a load ring, and a means for applying a force to cause a deformation of the load ring. The patent also discloses employing an oscillator to produce a stable frequency within the frequency range of the oscillator whose frequency varies with the force applied to the load ring.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,206,971 discloses a force measuring apparatus wherein a frequency determining part of an oscillator is coupled to a spring member. The resilient deformation of the spring member caused by the forces to be measured produces frequency changes in the oscillator corresponding in magnitude to the deformation.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,522,858 discloses a snow-depth measuring device which permits measurement of small changes in the pressure of a liquid contained in a factory sealed chamber between two parallel plates, one of which is exposed to the snow fall. Attached to the outer frame of the device is a pressure transducer comprising bellows, a core piece and a coil, all enclosed in a housing.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,727,606 discloses a device for providing continuous monitoring of human respiration and heart rate comprising a fluid-type mattress located in contact with the human and producing pressure signals in response to the breathing and heart rate. A pressure transducer is provided for interpreting the pressure signals for application to an electronic circuit, or visual or audible recognition of the signals.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,791,375 discloses a device for sensing and warning of excessive ambulation force. The device is designed to be worn on a human foot, and may be used during recovery from orthopedic surgery of the lower extremity. The device comprises a fluid-containing load cell which deflects and changes its volume in accordance with the amount of load thereon.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,175,263 discloses a technique for monitoring the movement of an individual from a particular area. The device comprises a sealed fluid filled pad and comprises two distinct fluid areas or pressure sensing areas. Movement of a patient or a child is detected by the change in force or pressure exerted on the fluid.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,208,918 discloses a digital pressure sensor in which a first oscillator is associated with the pressure detector and a second oscillator of the same construction as the first is provided for determining a sampling period of the output signal of the first oscillator.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,324,259 discloses a device for detecting body function changes such as respiration and contractions of a woman in advanced pregnancy and labor. The device comprises a detector capsule having one wall defined by a resilient diaphragm for engagement with the abdominal wall and is connected to a variable volume compartment operably connected to a volume responsive transducer.
German Patent 737,882 discloses a position indicator which includes a movable magnetic sleeve about a core element containing longitudinal windings to vary inductance.
None of these above disclosures, however, teach or suggest the sensing means of the present invention. Also, a remotely located sensor from the transducing means of the type disclosed in the present application is not suggested by the teachings of the above discussed disclosures.
Other applications for pressure and the like monitoring systems, which might well be fulfilled upon the availability of compact, reliable, effective low power, portable and inexpensive remote sensors and associated transducer functions, involve measuring sport related values (e.g., measuring force applied to boxing gloves, boxing bags and running shoes; measuring total energy expended in bicycling; monitoring pressure in ski bindings and ski boots; measuring muscular expansion in a weight lifter); measuring the redistribution of body fluids in space or when subjected to varying and/or extreme gravitational forces; measuring weight; measuring pneumatic tire pressure, etc. Also, such a monitoring system may be useful for the remote monitoring of pressurized containers, e.g., fire extinguishers and gas containers used with analytical instruments and the like, respiration therapy, automotive performance, and monitoring fluid flow and fluid levels in industrial processes, to name a few. |
CD30 is involved in inhibition of T-cell proliferation by Hodgkin's Reed-Sternberg cells.
CD30 is expressed on Hodgkin's Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells, the tumor cells in Hodgkin's disease. Increased levels of serum CD30 are observed in Hodgkin's disease patients and are a good marker for predicting a poor prognosis and a poor response to therapy. In this study, we addressed the effect of CD30 on T cells. We showed that CD30, either as a membranous protein on H-RS cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells or as a plate-bound chimeric protein, inhibited T-cell proliferation. Anti-CD3-stimulated T cells in the presence of CD30 failed to increase tritium uptake and failed to express CD25 and CD26 and to produce interleukin 2. The inhibition of T-cell proliferation was, however, reversed with addition of exogenous interleukin 2 or pretreatment of H-RS cells with anti-CD30. Inability of T cells to express CD25 and CD26 in cocultures with H-RS cells or a plate-bound CD30 chimeric protein is in accordance with the results of immunohistochemistry on disease-involved tissues. We conclude that H-RS cells are able to inhibit the proliferation and activation of T cells through CD30-related interaction. The outcome of CD30-related interaction is an ineffective antitumor immunity, which is clearly in favor of the growth and survival of the tumor cells. |
Efficient inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease virus replication in vitro by artificial microRNA targeting 3D polymerase.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a devastating acute viral disease of livestock with cloven hooves. Among various therapeutic control measures, RNA interference (RNAi) is one of the methods being explored to inhibit FMD virus replication and spread. The RNAi is achieved by short hairpin RNAs or artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs). Utility of amiRNAs as antiviral, targeting conserved regions of the viral genome is gaining importance. However, delivery of miRNA in vivo is still a challenge. In this study, the efficacy of amiRNAs in preventing FMD virus replication in a permissive cell culture system was investigated, by generating stable cell lines expressing amiRNAs targeting three functional regions of the FMD virus (FMDV) genome (IRES, 3B3 and 3D). The results showed that amiRNA targeting 3D polymerase is relatively more efficient. However, expression of multiple microRNAs targeting the three regions did not exhibit additive effect. The data suggest that 3D specific miRNA is a potential valid strategy in developing novel antiviral measures against FMDV infection. Keywords: artificial microRNA; foot-and-mouth disease virus; virus inhibition. |
"[PHONE RINGING]" " It's Mom." " Say hi for me." "Hi, Mom." "Alan wants to talk to you." "Hi, Mom." "How was Dubai?" "Oh, good." "I'm glad you met somebody." "Yes, yes, they are a hairy people." "[STAMMERING] Uh, yeah, I don't need to know any more details as long as he makes you happy." "That's a detail, Mom." "Oh, no." "Don't worry about your house." "I, uh, check on it every day on my way home from work." "Yeah, no, that's why I'm the good son." "[ALAN CHUCKLES]" "Well, uh, have fun with Hamid." "That's another detail, Mom." "Yeah, I'll, uh..." "I'll see you tomorrow." "Okay." "Bye-bye." "You haven't been to her house once, have you?" "I checked on it with Google Earth." "It's still there." "At least the roof is, anyway." "I'll just run over today and pick up the newspapers and the mail and, uh, replace the dead plants." " You don't think she'll notice new plants?" " No." "She doesn't pay that much attention to living things." "Remember when she had the cockatoo?" " Oh, yeah." "Polly really wanted a cracker." " Mm." "Hey, listen, as long as you're gonna be in Beverly Hills you can drop my Mercedes off for service." " Happy to do it." " Hey, I don't wanna hear it." "You and your kid live here rent-free." "I don't ask for much in return so..." "Charlie, Charlie." "I said I'm happy to do it." "Oh." "Damn." "I was all set to bust your balls." "Sorry to disappoint you." "And just so we're clear, my car is cherry." "So if you bang it, ding it, dent it or even change the ass-print in the seat just keep driving till you get to Mexico, then bury yourself in the desert." "I understand your concern, and trust me, I will be very careful." "You know, you're taking all the fun out of this." "[SIGHS]" "Okay. "Get car serviced." Check." "What's next?" "Oh." "Nap time." "[CLEARS THRO AT]" "[GRO ANS]" "Check." " What the hell are you doing?" "JAKE:" "Whoa!" "[THUD]" " You okay?" "JAKE:" "No." " I landed on my ass bone." " Sack up." "You'll be fine." "Would you grab my sunglasses while you're down there?" ""Recover sunglasses." Check." "Here." "Thanks." " So, what's so interesting over there?" " Nothing." "Hey, you know the rule:" "If there's topless sunbathers, you don't hang out and stare at them." "You come get your Uncle Charlie." "Nobody's topless." "Oh." "Then what are you looking at?" "Son of a bitch." "Uncheck." " Just some new neighbors." " New neighbors, huh?" "What's the deal?" "They making s'mores on the barbecue?" " No." " Chicken?" "It has nothing to do with food." "Oh, a girl." "She cute?" "No, I'm hanging off the balcony to look at a mutant." "Don't get snippy." "I was just showing an interest." "Why don't you go and introduce yourself?" " I can't do that." "I'd look desperate." " You are desperate." " Come on, we'll both go." " Really?" "Ah, why not?" "I got a little window before my next nap." "JAKE:" "Thanks." " No problem." " What am I gonna say?" " I don't know." "Try saying hello." ""Hello"?" "That's all you got?" "That's all I got that you can use." "I should've peed before we left." "[CHARLIE SIGHS]" "You've just got a nervous bladder." "Wait till you turn 40." "You'll feel like you have to pee while you're still peeing." " You ready to do this?" " No." "Oh, come on, what's the worst that could happen?" "She laughs at me?" "Oh, that is so sweet." "No, the worst thing that could happen is she falls in love with you, you get married, 10, 12 years later she leaves you, takes all your stuff, and you have to go live in your car." " Whoa." " Yeah." "[DOORBELL RINGS]" "What kind of car do you think I'll have?" " Hello." " Hi." "I'm Charlie Harper." "This is Jake." "We live next door, right, Jake?" " I'm Jake." " Hi." "I'm Celeste." "I'm Jake." "JEROME:" "Honey, is that the cable guy?" " No, Dad." "It's our neighbors." "Jerome Burnett." "Hi." "Charlie Harper." "This is my nephew." "We just came by to welcome you to the neighborhood." " Well, that was very nice of you." " Yeah." "Welcome to the neighborhood." "Bye." "Hang on, hang on." " Do you know who this man is?" " Yeah, her dad." "Bye." "This is Jerome Burnett, one of the great NFL players of all time." "You're very kind." "Thank you." " You know what his nickname was, Jake?" " No." "Tell him." "[JEROME CHUCKLES]" "Mad Dog." "That's great." "Can I use your bathroom?" " Honey, show him where it is." " Come on, Jake." "Lady in the house, Jake." "Put the seat back down." " What have you been up to?" " Oh, still working for the Chargers." " You know, mostly front-office stuff." " Really?" "So you probably have access to tickets and such." " I do." "Do you want me to hook you up?" " Oh, jeez." "I don't want to impose." "I just came by to say hello." "Can you get me a skybox?" " I'll see what I can do." " That'd be great." "And I'm guessing if a player got injured, you'd probably be one of the first to know." "You know, even before the, uh..." "What do you call them?" " Bookies?" "Don't push it, Charlie." "Hey, Dad, would it be all right if Jake and I take a walk on the beach?" " Well, sure." "Why not?" " Thanks." "See you later." "Isn't that nice?" "That boy touches my daughter, I'm gonna be touching you." "Understood." "Ahem." "Can I use your bathroom?" " Here you go, Mr. Harper." " Oh." "Oh, thank you." "Mm." "Cappuccino." "Wonder what they're serving at the domestic dealerships." "They do take good care of you here." "Of course, they ought to, considering what we paid for our cars." " Oh, yeah." "They are expensive." " Is that your CL65 outside?" "Uh, yes, it is mine." "How do you like it?" "Pfft, what's not to like?" "Does everything but trim your toenails." "[BOTH CHUCKLE]" "Or maybe it does and I just haven't found the button yet." "[CHUCKLES]" "Not that I need to trim my toenails." "Did them last night." "Over the tub." "Clip, ping." "Clip, ping." "Diane." "Oh, Alan." "[BOTH LAUGH]" " So you live around here, Alan?" " Uh, no, I live, uh, by the beach." " Santa Monica?" " Uh, Malibu." "Ooh, Malibu." "[ALAN CHUCKLES]" "Yep." "Malibu." "Yeah, uh, we just call it the Boo." "You know, like, "Hey, how are things down at the Boo?"" " Mr. Harper, your car is ready." " Oh, uh, thank you." "I'll, uh, be right there." "Well, uh, looks like I'm all done here." "Guess I'll, uh, head back to the Boo." "Don't rub it in." "They told me I'd be here all day." " Oh, that's terrible." " And I'm starving." "Oh, well, they have, uh, little croissants and the, uh, chocolate-chip cookies." "Or, uh maybe I could take you out for a nice lunch." " That would be lovely, Alan." "Thank you." " Oh, terrific." "Let's go." "[BOTH CHUCKLE]" "This never happened with the Volvo." "[DOORBELL RINGS]" "It's 5:00." "Thanks." "I almost slept through happy hour." "Where's my little girl?" " They're not back yet?" " Why else would I be here?" "Honestly, I was thinking happy hour." "Let me give Jake a call, see what's keeping them." "Yeah, you do that." " Did you try calling your daughter?" " She left her cell phone at the house." "[SCOFFS]" "Kids, huh?" "It's ringing." "[CELL PHONE RINGING] Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Oh, that's unfortunate on so many levels." "[CELL PHONE RINGING] The way you do to everything" "Put my gun inside your mouth" "Got a.45 Magnum Wanna do it..." "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "I'm talking to you, bitch" "Check it You my dream, like chocolate cream" "Girl next door make you hornier..." "Last all night It's better than the fight" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'm gonna slap you up" "Yo, bitch, I'll slap you up" "ALAN:" "This is just my pied-á-terre." "DIANE:" "Oh." "I spend most of my time out at the beach house." "Looks like you haven't been here in a while." "ALAN:" "Oh, just two weeks." "Don't you have someone to come in and water your plants?" "Uh, I do, but he's incredibly unreliable." " My brother." " Oh." "Bit of a mooch." "So now that we're here, what do you wanna do?" "[STAMMERING] Uh, gee, I don't know, uh..." "Oh." "Well, that's an option." "[BOTH CHUCKLE]" "[PHONE RINGING THE 5TH DIMENSION'S "UP, UP AND AWAY"]" "Oh." "Oh, excuse me." "Uh, Alan Harper speaking." "[WHISPERING] I know who's speaking, you dillweed." "We got a problem here." "Oh, really?" "Heh, heh." "It's the mooch at the Boo." "[ALAN CHUCKLES]" "So, uh, what's the problem?" "Not the wine cellar again, is it?" "What the hell are you talking about, you gibbering moron?" "Oh, good, good." "Listen to me, your idiot son's about to get me killed." "Oh, so he's okay?" "He's great." "Probably having the time of his life." "I'm the one in trouble." "[STAMMERING] Uh, well, uh, I trust you to take care of it." "Thanks for the update." "Take a bottle of Pinot for yourself." "Alan." "Oh." "[SIGHS]" "God." "I thought there was an eclipse." "Excuse me, I need to go to the bathroom again." "[BOTH MO ANING]" "[BOTH YELP AND LAUGH]" "Oh, I knew it." "You're married." "Oh, no, no, no." "I'm not married." "This is, uh, this is just, uh, a..." "A silk evening gown." "Actually, I think it's chiffon." " Men are all the same." " No, no, no." "Wait." "Diane, Diane." "Uh..." "[SIGHS]" "You've got the wrong idea." "There's something you don't know." " You're gay?" " No." " You're a cross-dresser?" " No, uh..." "Because, you know, I could really get into that." "Yes." "I am a big old cross-dresser." "Sorry it took so long." "Had a little accident." "Ahem." "Come on, you and me are gonna go find those kids." "Jerome." "Jerome, hang on." " What?" " Oh." "Still pretty nimble." "Let's sit down, take a deep breath and talk this through for a minute." "Come on, big fella." "Please?" "Make it quick." "Okay, here's the deal." "Jake is harmless." "You don't have a thing to worry about." "Unless your daughter is made out of doughnuts." "[CHARLIE CHUCKLES]" "Which I'm assuming she's not." "Look, Celeste is all I've got." "You don't know what it's like being a single father." "You're right, I don't." "But I do know what it's like to exploit women with daddy issues." "What the hell are you talking about?" "Believe me, if you don't trust your daughter to make her own decisions if you try to control her life, she's gonna grow up to resent you." "And the next thing you know, she'll be trying to punish you by going out with some weaselly little con artist like, well, me." "And you can't kill us all." "I can try." "Okay, let me start again." "ALAN:" "Are you sure this is what you want?" "Yeah, baby." "It's always been one of my fantasies." "ALAN:" "Okay." "Just a little heads-up I'm wearing the panties, but I'm not bikini-safe." "Ugh, my ass looks huge in this." "Diane?" "[CAR ENGINE REVS]" "[TIRES SQUEAL]" "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Not bad." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Oh, no." "Yes." "Yes." "My car has been stolen." "Yes, just now." "If you hurry, you can ca..." "Sure, I'll hold." "EVELYN:" "Why am I not surprised?" "Did it have to be my red chiffon?" "[SOBBING] Then, after I blew out my knee my wife left me." "Oh, man." "I'm sorry." "For a place kicker." " Ooh, insult to injury." " A little tiny dude from Serbia." "Not a single vowel in his entire name." "Oh, yeah, Grl Zrbnck." "That guy could sure split the uprights." "In a football manner of speaking." "[SNIFFS]" "And ever since then, it's just been me and Celeste." "Sure, sure." "I don't know what I'd do if anything ever happened to her, Charlie." "I'd go crazy." "I'd go crazy just thinking about it." "Well, then, for God's sake, don't think about it." "Come on." "Come on." "Let's get you home." " Thanks, Charlie." "You're okay." " No problem." "You just kick back and relax." "And when Celeste walks through that door all you gotta do is act like nothing's happened." " You think something happened?" " No, no, no." "Nothing happened." "Which is why it's not really acting." "And it'll show your daughter that you trust her." " Okay, I'll give it a shot." " You won't be sorry, I promise." "Okay." "Hey, come over to the house." "I got a couple of tickets for Sunday's game I wanna lay on you." "Oh, you don't have to do that." "I'll just grab my keys." "Okay, let's go." "What ever happened to the guy you tackled in the Tampa Bay game?" "Uh, Robinson." "He's walking again." "JEROME:" "Celeste?" "Oh." "Hi, Dad." "[STAMMERS] Hey, Mr. Mad Dog." "Am I gonna be walking again?" "Listen, Jake." "I'm real proud that you stepped up and got a little action tonight but I gotta ask you something." " What?" "Are you out of your freaking mind?" "I'm sorry." "We just lost track of time." "Yeah, well, thanks to you, I gotta change my shorts for the second time today." "There's my phone." " Who are you calling?" " Celeste." "No, no, no." "Cool it with Celeste." "And change your ringtone." "[KNOCKING ON DOOR]" "Ah, now what?" "I'll be with you in a minute." "Jake, go to your room." "No matter what you hear, do not come out." " What?" " Just go." "[SIGHS]" "Look, I spoke to the kid." "He's not gonna bother your daughter anymore." "So whatever you gotta do, do it to me." "JEROME:" "I'm sorry, buddy." " I overreacted." " Okay." "Celeste told me everything." "She told me your boy was a gentleman and that she wanted to kiss him." "She wanted to kiss him?" "You may have bigger problems than you thought." "Hey, here's two tickets for the game." "You take Jake, I'll bring Celeste." "We'll make a day of it." "Thanks." "That's great." " Excuse me." " Sorry." "Okay." "Well, see you Sunday." "[SIGHS]" "Alan, where's my car?" "Why are you wearing a dress?" "Alan?" "[KNOCKING ON DOOR]" "Why aren't you in Mexico?" |
The present invention relates to semiconductor integrated circuits containing memory arrays, and particularly those arrays incorporating array lines having extremely small pitch, and more particularly those having a three-dimensional memory array.
Semiconductor integrated circuits have progressively reduced their feature linewidths into the deep sub-micron regime. Moreover, recent developments in certain memory cell technologies have resulted in word lines and bit line having an extremely small pitch. For example, certain passive element memory cell arrays may be fabricated having word lines approaching the minimum feature size (F) and minimum feature spacing for the particular word line interconnect layer, and also having bit lines approaching the minimum feature width and minimum feature spacing for the particular bit line interconnect layer. Moreover, three-dimensional memory arrays having more than one plane of memory cells have been fabricated implanting such so-called 4F2 memory cells on each memory plane. Exemplary three-dimensional memory arrays are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,034,882 to Johnson, entitled “Vertically Stacked Field Programmable Nonvolatile Memory and Method of Fabrication.”
However, the area required for implementing decoder circuits for word lines and bit lines has not achieved such dramatic reductions. Consequently, interfacing the word line decoders and bit line decoders to such tightly spaced word lines and bit lines within such very dense arrays has become extremely difficult, and limits the density of memory arrays otherwise achievable. There remains a continued need for improved decoder structures capable of interfacing with large numbers of array lines having a very small pitch, and particularly if such array lines exist on more than one layer, as in a three-dimensional memory array having more than one plane of memory cells. |
The present invention relates generally to spray nozzles, and more particularly to full cone liquid spray nozzles having particular utility for spraying liquid coolants in metal casting operations.
In metal casting operations, and particularly continuous metal casting systems in which steel slabs, billets, or other metal shapes are extruded from a mold, it is necessary to spray the emerging metal with water for rapid heat removal. It is desirable that the spray be finely atomized and uniformly directed onto the metal for uniform cooling. Uneven distribution of the liquid coolant results in non-uniform cooling of the metal, which can cause cracking, high stresses, and reduced surface and edge quality.
Full cone liquid spray nozzles have been used in continuous metal casting operations for directing cooling liquid, namely water, onto the metal surface for maximum cooling without dissolution by pressurized air. Prior full cone spray nozzles typically comprise a nozzle body having a discharge orifice and an upstream vane for imparting swirling movement to the liquid passing through the nozzle for breaking up the liquid flow and distributing liquid particles throughout the discharging conical spray pattern. Prior full cone spray nozzles, however, have had operating drawbacks.
One problem with prior full cone liquid spray nozzles arises by reason of the liquid throughput being controlled entirely by the liquid pressure. To achieve proper cooling, the volume of liquid sprayed in a continuous casting operation must be commensurate with the rate at which the steel shape is cast. In other words, when the metal emerges from the mold at a higher rate, a greater quantity of coolant is required for proper cooling than during lower rate casting. In prior full cone spray nozzles, however, a change in liquid pressure necessary for changing the spray volume also changed the angle of the discharging conical spray, which in turn changed the spray coverage, i.e. the area on the metal surface upon which the liquid impinges. A change in the spray coverage, in turn, can alter the uniformity in cooling by changing the extent discharging sprays of adjacent nozzles overlap, and in some cases, causing gaps between the discharging sprays of adjacent nozzles.
A further problem with the use of prior full cone liquid spray nozzles in continuous metal casting operations is that the discharging spray, regardless of spray pressure, is inherently non-uniform. Tests demonstrate that the volume of liquid collected per unit area (i.e. liquid density) along one narrow planar segment parallel to the axis of the spray nozzle varies substantially from the liquid density taken in a second narrow planar segment through the nozzle axis perpendicular to the first. While such non-uniformity might be taken into account if the spray nozzles could be mounted in predetermined relation to each other, typically the spray nozzles are simply screwed onto a supply pipe such that the irregular spray pattern of one nozzle has no relation to the irregular spray pattern of an adjacent nozzle, which can result in further non-uniformity in cooling of a moving cast metal.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cast metal liquid spray system having full cone liquid spray nozzles adapted for more uniform liquid spraying, and hence, more uniform cooling of the metal.
Another object is to provide a full cone liquid spray nozzle in which the liquid spray volume of the discharging spray may be readily changed, according to the speed of the metal casting operation, without adversely affecting uniformity in cooling.
A further object is to provide a full cone spray nozzle as characterized above in which the discharging conical spray angle, and hence spray coverage, is substantially unaffected by changes in liquid pressure.
Yet another object is to provide a full cone liquid spray nozzle of the above kind in which liquid density in the discharging spray is substantially similar throughout the spray pattern, including planar segments through the axis of the nozzle perpendicular to each other.
Still another object is to provide a full cone liquid spray nozzle of the foregoing type which is relatively simple in construction and which lends itself to economical manufacture and reliable use.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings, in which: |
There exists a fundamental gap in understanding how CD8+ T cells, which target intracellular pathogens, protect against pathogens like Yersinia, which exist extracellularly. The candidate's long-term scientific goal is to understand mechanisms used by CD8+ T cells to recognize and eliminate Yersinia and mechanisms used by the bacteria to evade immune recognition and clearance. The objective of proposed research is to determine how T cell- and bacterial-induced apoptosis influences Yersinia infection outcomes. The central hypothesis is that the pro-apoptotic factors expressed by host and pathogen, specifically perforin from CD8+ T cells and YopJ from Yersinia, limit bacterial infection by inducing apoptosis of Yersinia-associated host cells and flagging them for phagocytic removal. Guided by strong preliminary data, two specific aims will test this hypothesis: 1) determine the contribution of perforin to CD8+ T cell-mediated elimination of host cell-associated Yersinia; and 2) determine how modulation of apoptosis by genetic or chemical manipulation influences Yersinia infection. Under the first aim, Yersinia challenge of mice with perforin-sufficient or -deficient antigen-specific CD8+ T cells will address if perforin-mediated apoptosis is required for CD8+ T cell-dependent protection. In the second aim, the consequence of genetic or chemical manipulation of apoptosis in vivo for Yersinia infection will be examined. The approach is innovative, because it manipulates both host and pathogen processes to reveal host-protective actions. The proposed work is significant, because it will advance understanding of host responses to Yersinia and suggest ways to improve current vaccines to maximally stimulate Yersinia-specific protective immunity. This work will also provide a foundation for establishing the candidate's independent research program. The candidate's immediate career goal is to successfully transition from postdoctoral fellow to assistant professor and independent researcher studying host responses to Yersinia. Her long-term career goal is to direct an independent and prolific research program studying host-pathogen interactions as tenured faculty at a leading academic institution. To achieve these goals, in addition to executing the research described above, the candidate will utilize a mentoring committee of established scientists to help develop the candidate's research program to its full potential, to speed the candidate's progression towards publication of the research, and hone the candidate's grantsmanship skills. Thus, the proposed research and career development plans fulfill the NIAID's mission to identify mechanisms of infectious agent pathogenesis and protective host responses and to support junior investigators at early stages of their careers. The proposed studies focus on important and under-investigated areas of cell-mediated immune responses to the bacteria pathogen Yersinia. They have the potential to reveal novel mechanisms of host resistance to infection. The proposed research has relevance to human health, because it will yield information that can be used to improve vaccines and other treatment strategies against pathogens like Yersinia, with the goal of protecting hosts and preventing disease. |
Usefulness of PFA-100 testing in the diagnostic screening of patients with suspected abnormalities of hemostasis: comparison with the bleeding time.
Global tests of hemostasis that are used to screen patients with clinical suspicion of bleeding disorders should help the physician to identify the phase of the hemostatic system that is abnormal and guide further diagnostic workup. We compared the performance of Platelet Function Analyzer-100 (PFA-100) closure time (CT) with bleeding time (BT), both of which are screening tests for primary hemostasis, in the diagnostic workup of 128 consecutive patients who were screened for bleeding disorders. The sensitivities of BT and PFA-100 CT for known defects of hemostasis were evaluated; in addition, we calculated their correlation with the levels of severity of the bleeding symptoms, which were recorded using a standardized questionnaire. The sensitivity of PFA-100 testing was 71% for von Willebrand disease (VWD) [with both collagen-adenosine diphosphate (C-ADP) and collagen-epinephrine (C-EPI) cartridges]; 58% (C-EPI) and 8% (C-ADP) for platelet function disorders (PFDs); and the sensitivity of BT was 29% (VWD) and 33% (PFD). C-EPI CT was also prolonged in about 20% of patients with abnormalities of coagulation or fibrinolysis. Only the C-EPI CT was significantly associated with the levels of severity of the patients' bleeding scores. BT and C-EPI are insufficiently sensitive to be recommended as hemostasis screening tests. The C-ADP cartridge, which is sensitive to VWD only, might prove useful in further diagnostic workup of defects of primary hemostasis. The association of C-EPI CT with the severity of bleeding symptoms as a useful predictor of risk of bleeding in clinical practise should be tested in properly designed studies. |
This invention relates in general to continuous casting of thin metal strip by a twin roll caster.
In a twin roll caster molten metal is introduced between a pair of counter-rotated horizontal casting rolls that are cooled so that metal shells solidify on the moving roll surfaces, and are brought together at a nip between them to produce a solidified strip product delivered downwardly from the nip between the rolls. The term “nip” is used herein to refer to the general region at which the rolls are closest together. The molten metal may be poured from a ladle into a smaller vessel or series of smaller vessels from which it flows through a metal delivery nozzle or series of delivery nozzles (also called the “core nozzles”) located above the nip, forming a casting pool of molten metal supported on the casting surfaces of the rolls immediately above the nip and extending along the length of the nip. This casting pool is usually confined between side plates or dams held in sliding engagement with end surfaces of the casting rolls so as to dam the two ends of the casting pool against outflow.
Further, the twin roll caster may be capable of continuously producing cast strip from molten steel through a sequence of ladles. Pouring the molten metal from the ladle into a smaller vessel before flowing through the metal delivery nozzle enables the exchange of an empty ladle with a full ladle without disrupting the production of cast strip.
During operation, the metal flow rate and molten metal temperature in the area where the side dams, casting rolls and meniscus of the casting pool intersect, i.e. the “triple point” area or region, is controlled. Notably, the distance between the side dams and the ends of the delivery nozzles nearest the side dams should be controlled and maintained to prevent the formation of unwanted steels skulls either on the side dam or delivery nozzle.
Apparatus and method for controlling and maintaining a set distance between the outer ends of the delivery nozzles and the side dams during a campaign is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,910,523, 6,588,492, 7,147,035. The apparatus and method disclosed has a carriage assembly for commonly supporting the side dams and nearest delivery nozzles to maintain distance between the side dams and ends of the delivery nozzles at a set distance with wear of the side dams. The delivery nozzles could be moved relative to the side dams by the carriage assembly. The movement also involved simultaneously moving of both delivery nozzle and the adjacent side dam to maintain the distance between the side dam and end of the delivery nozzle. This movement affects the side dam force and thus side dam wear. Further, the movement of the side dam by the support to compensate for wear of the side dam required repositioning of the delivery nozzle to maintain the distance between the side dam and the end of the nearest delivery nozzle.
Solidified skulls may form from time to time on the side dam and also the delivery nozzle when the distance between the side dam and nozzle is not maintained. Additionally, skull formation is affected by flow patterns within the casting pool and temperature variations in the casting rolls and side dams. When these skulls drop into the roll nip, they cause the two solidifying shells at the casting roll nip to separate and “swallow” additional liquid steel between the shells causing the strip surface to reheat and causing the strip to break thus disrupting the continuous production of coiled strip. The dropped skulls at the nip are known as “snake eggs” and are detected as horizontal force spikes at the roll nip as well as visible bright bands across the width of the strip. Snake eggs also apply resistive forces against the side dam in addition to the forces generated by the ferrostatic head in the cast pool and can thus cause the side dam to lift from the casting roll edge resulting in the leakage of steel between the side dam and the casting roll necessitating termination of the casting sequence. Additionally, snake eggs passing through the nip between the casting rolls can cause lateral movement of the casting rolls and also cause movement in the side dams. To resist the increased forces generated by the snake eggs and the stiction of the side dam apply cylinders, the side dams are typically applied to the casting rolls with higher forces, thus increasing side dam wear.
We have found that improved flow within the molten pool and a reduction of skulls can be achieved by utilizing side dams with an improved shape during a casting campaign. The improved side dams have been found to allow for improved flow patterns within the casting pool and improved temperature control of the side dams. Improved flow patterns and temperature control, especially in the triple point pouring region, has led to a reduction in the occurrence of skulls and the incidence of snake eggs.
Disclosed is an apparatus for continuously casting metal strip which includes a pair of counter-rotatable casting rolls laterally positioned to form a nip there between through which thin strip can be cast, a pair of confining side dams adjacent the ends of the casting rolls capable of confining a casting pool of molten metal supported on the casting rolls and formed on the casting surfaces above the nip, each side dam has a surface capable of contacting the molten metal of the casting pool, the surface including an unraised portion and a raised portion with the unraised portion forming a base between the raised portion of the side dam and the casting surfaces of the casting rolls to guide the flow of molten metal, a metal delivery system disposed above the nip and capable of discharging molten metal to form the casting pool supported on the casting rolls.
The raised portion may form a trough of substantially constant width with the unraised portion as base between the raised portion and the casting rolls or a trough of substantially varying width with the unraised portion as base between the raised portion and the casting rolls. In the case of a varying width trough, the trough width may be greater toward the meniscus and less toward the nip. The trough width may vary by at least about 5 mm or by at least no more than about 25 mm. In any case, the width of the trough may be between about 5 mm and about 25 mm. The raised portion may extend in height from the unraised portion forming a trough at least about 3 mm or about 15 mm or less in depth. The troughs may extend in length from the tops of the side dams and may extend to the nip.
Also disclosed is a method of continuously casting metal strip which includes the steps of assembling a pair of counter-rotatable casting rolls to form a nip there between through which thin strip can be cast, assembling a pair of confining side dams adjacent the ends of the casting rolls capable of confining a casting pool of molten metal supported on the casting rolls and formed on the casting surfaces above the nip, each side dam has a surface capable of contacting the molten metal of the casting pool, the surface including an unraised portion and a raised portion with the unraised portion forming a base between the raised portion of the side dam and the casting surfaces of the casting rolls to guide the flow of molten metal, assembling a metal delivery system disposed above the nip and capable of discharging molten metal to form the casting pool supported on the casting rolls and counter rotating the casting rolls so as to cause the formed troughs to guide the flow of molten metal adjacent the casting surfaces of the casting rolls to form solidified shells of the casting surfaces and form cast strip discharging downwardly from the nip.
The raised portion may form a trough of substantially constant width with the unraised portion as base between the raised portion and the casting rolls or a trough of substantially varying width with the unraised portion as base between the raised portion and the casting rolls. In the case of a varying width trough the trough width may be greater toward the meniscus and less toward the nip. The trough width may vary by at least about 5 mm or by at least no more than about 25 mm. In any case, the width of the trough may be between about 5 mm and about 25 mm. The raised portion may extend in height from the unraised portion forming a trough at least about 3 mm or about 15 mm or less in depth. The troughs may extend in length from the tops of the side dams and may extend to the nip.
Various aspects of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. |
Communication between physicians and nurses as a target for improving end-of-life care in the intensive care unit: challenges and opportunities for moving forward.
Our objective was to discuss obstacles and barriers to effective communication and collaboration regarding end-of-life issues between intensive care unit nurses and physicians. To evaluate practical interventions for improving communication and collaboration, we undertook a systematic literature review. An increase in shared decision making can result from a better understanding and respect for the perspectives and burdens felt by other caregivers. Intensive care unit nurses value their contributions to end-of-life decision making and want to have a more active role. Increased collaboration and communication can result in more appropriate care and increased physician/nurse, patient, and family satisfaction. Recommendations for improvement in communication between intensive care unit physicians and nurses include use of joint grand rounds, patient care seminars, and interprofessional dialogues. Communication interventions such as use of daily rounds forms, communication training, and a collaborative practice model have shown positive results. When communication is clear and constructive and practice is truly collaborative, the end-of-life care provided to intensive care unit patients and families by satisfied and engaged professionals will improve markedly. |
Preparing the family for their responsibilities during treatment.
Long-term needs of a family whose child has cancer must be integrated into the family's responsibilities early in the disease treatment. The family's understanding, acceptance, and participation in the patient's care is a determining factor in the effectiveness of the treatment plan. Family responsibilities are twofold: obtain correct medical information about child's disease and its treatment, and adapt to necessary changes in lifestyle. Basic medical knowledge the family must possess includes information relating to the disease, its expected course, treatment, and side effects. Adaptation to changes requires that parents be informed to the anticipated alterations in family and community relationships. They need specific information about hospital policies and routines, financial resources, and expectations of the treatment plan in effort to adapt to the demands of long term care. The challenge in preparing a family is in acceptance of a philosophy that recognizes and values the family's contribution to care. Family members are a crucial part of the health care team. A positive and encouraging approach from professionals is essential to family acceptance of the disease and compliance with treatment. |
Assessment of weight and eating concerns in Norwegian adolescents.
The aim of the present study was to test the properties of an instrument that assesses concerns about weight and eating without reference to dieting behavior. A short instrument, the Weight and Eating Concerns Inventory (WECI) was examined in a sample of 569 boys and 548 girls aged 11 to 15 years. Confirmatory factor analyses with LISREL showed a better fit with a version of the instrument that did not include a reference to dieting behavior, compared to a version that included such a reference. This was true for both boys and girls, irrespective of their age group. However, the results indicated that both versions should be used with caution for young boys. The internal consistency of the WECI (that is, the version without reference to dieting) was satisfactory, ranging from 0.78 to 0.86 for girls and from 0.68 to 0.73 for boys. The WECI correlated quite substantially with negative self-evaluations and depression for boys and girls in all the age groups assessed, suggesting that high scores on the WECI may indicate a problem that goes beyond worries or concerns, and should be taken seriously. In general, girls reported more of these concerns than boys, and the correlation between the WECI and dieting was stronger among girls compared to boys. |
Knowledge-based model building of the tertiary structures for lectin domains of the selectin family.
A combination of a knowledge-based approach and energy minimization was used to predict the three-dimensional structures of the lectin domains of P-selectin, E-selectin, and L-selectin, respectively. Each of these domains contains 118 amino acids. The starting points for energy minimization were generated based on a framework that consists of a number of separated segments derived from the structure-known carbohydrate-recognition domain of the mannose-binding protein (MBP), which belongs to the same C-type lectin family as the selectin molecules do. The structures thus found for P-, L-, and E-selectin lectin domains share a common feature, i.e., they all contain two alpha-helices, and two antiparallel beta-sheets of which one is formed by two strands (strands 1 and 5) and the other by three (strands 2, 3, and 4). Besides, they all possess two intact disulfide bonds formed by the pair of Cys-19 and Cys-117, and the pair of Cys-90 and Cys-109. The root-mean-square deviations calculated over the set of backbone atoms between P- and L-selectin lectin domains is 3.10 A, that between P- and E-selectin lectin domains 2.48 A, and that between L- and E-selectin lectin domains 3.07 A. A notable feature is the convergence-divergence duality of the 77-107 polypeptide in the three domains; i.e., part of the peptide is folded into a closely similar conformation, and part of it into a highly different one. |
Identification of mutations in rat CD59 that increase the complement regulatory activity.
Formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) of complement on host cells is inhibited by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol- (GPI-) anchored glycoprotein CD59. Published data on the active site of human CD59 are confusing. To clarify these data, we set out to elucidate the active site of a nonprimate CD59 molecule by site-directed mutagenesis. We also undertook to investigate a region of potential species selectivity, and to this end rat CD59 was chosen for all mutations. Our investigations confirmed the proposal that the active site of CD59 is the major hydrophobic groove, with mutations Y36A, W40A, and L54A ablating complement inhibitory function of CD59. Other mutations reducing the function of rat CD59 were I56E, D24A, and D24R. Importantly, mutations at one residue increased the function of rat CD59. The K48E mutation significantly increased function against human rat or rabbit serum, whereas the K48A mutation increased function against human serum alone. A similar mutation in human CD59 (N48E) had no effect on activity against human or rat serum but completely abolished all activity against rabbit serum. These findings suggest that the alpha-helix of human CD59, adjacent to the hydrophobic groove, influences the interaction between human CD59 and rabbit C8, C9, or both. |
P-type and n-type conductivity refer to the conductivity characteristics of semiconductor materials. P-type semiconductor materials are positive charge carriers (hole-transporting) and n-type semiconductors are negative charge carriers (electron-transporting). The key element in semiconductor devices is the p-n junction. A p-n junction is formed when two regions of opposite conductivity type are adjacent to each other. P-N junctions have widespread use for many applications such as semiconductors, power semiconductors, field effect transistors (FETs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and photovoltaic cells.
The usefulness of electrically conducting organic materials may be associated to a large extent with a combination of properties such as desirable electronic properties (e.g. low electrical resistivity), chemical stability, and physical and chemical properties that would permit the preparation of useful articles for manufacture. The first two properties mentioned above are shared by a number of inorganic materials well known in the art, such as metals (e.g. aluminum, silver and copper) or semiconductors (e.g. gallium and silicon). Devises comprised of inorganic materials typically are brittle and require demanding manufacturing processes which make it both difficult and expensive to fabricate large area displays. However, the wide chemical versatility of organic molecules gives the organic conductors a distinct advantage over inorganic materials to the extent that it is possible to introduce and modify physical and chemical properties such as solubility, melting point, etc. by relatively minor changes in the chemical structure of the organic molecules. In other words, organic conductors or semiconductors open the possibility for tailor-made electrically conducting materials with properties not found in inorganic substances. As such, there have been intensive research efforts in developing organic materials to be used as conductors or semiconductors for electronic device applications. |
Radiation therapy is widely performed on patients with breast tissue affected, for example, with cancerous cells and following breast conserving surgery. The acute toxicity, long-term side effects, and cosmetic outcome of such treatment are attributable to a number of factors including technical aspects of surgery, pre-existing systemic medical conditions, the use of specific chemotherapeutic agents and administration of such relative to delivery of radiation therapy, radiation therapy treatment technique, and patient morphology. Patient morphology is generally the most difficult factor to compensate for in seeking optimum delivery of radiation therapy and a factor which most directly affects cosmetic outcome.
Optimal radiotherapy technique is described as 4500-5000 cGy to the whole breast over a period of 4.5-5 weeks, followed by a boost to the excisional biopsy site with an additional 1000-1500 cGy. The technical aspects of delivering radiation therapy as a part of breast conserving therapy are less well defined and have evolved as a function of technical innovation and studies examining the patterns of failure. Improvements in methods for field matching, the abandonment of routine regional nodal irradiation, controversies concerning the necessity and method for boost treatment, sequencing of chemotherapy, and indications for radiation therapy, have distracted the radiation oncologist from attempting technical improvements in the delivery of radiation therapy.
Treatment simulation and set-up are carried out primarily with the patient in the supine position, although certain cancer centers continue to use the decubitus position as their standard treatment position. When patients with large breasts are encountered, the decubitus position is sometimes used as an alternative to the supine position. While the supine position is considered more reproducible, it irradiates more lung and requires the use of wedge filters, high energy radiation beams, and bolus to overcome non-homogeneous dose distributions and skin overdose. The decubitus technique is performed with the breast tissue compressed to an even thickness of 6-8 cm and results in a more homogeneous dose distribution. The decubitus technique requires meticulous positioning and protection of the contralateral breast; it is therefore considered less reproducible and lacks the flexibility of supine position treatment, especially when nodal irradiation is considered. For these reasons, the decubitus technique is seldom used and has dropped from favor.
Women with large and/or pendulous breasts, or women with small to medium size breasts and unusual chest wall contours, have relatively large medial to lateral separations. The separation is defined as the measure transverse distance across the base of the breast which will require radiation therapy. Such patients require modifications and alterations to traditional treatment techniques. When treatment is carried out in the supine position, the transverse displacement of breast tissue over the anterior chest wall creates a large separation. This separation, combined with potential folding of the breast at its most caudal extent, are two of the aspects of breast radiation therapy that contribute to non-uniformity of dose distributions and irradiation of large volumes of lung and heart tissue. A number of technical modifications have been proposed to improve the dose distribution in women with large separations. These modifications include the use of wedge filters, high-energy photon beams, beam-spoilers and bolus but which do not entirely or satisfactorily overcome the above described disadvantages and dangers.
As mentioned, an alternative method of administering such therapy is to have the patient fully reclined in the decubitus position upon a horizontal surface and to position the radiation energy source adjacent the surface of tissue to be treated. Because this method does not physically isolate the part to be treated by radiation, it has the serious disadvantage of irradiation of tissue other than the affected portion of the breast and further including heart, lung and skin tissue proximate to the breast, all resulting from the patient being in the decubitus position. These and other associated problems are especially acute in patients with large breasts and/or pulmonary or cardiac conditions to whom scattered and excessive radiation creates significant risks. |
"What a goddess." "A pity." "What's wrong?" "She's insane." "How so?" "I've lived here over a year." "I've never seen her talk or smile." "Isn't she insane?" "Come buy this new toy." "Excuse me." "What's so funny?" "Can't you pull a rickshaw properly?" "Are you blind?" "Get off." "Don't be nosey." "You're all arrested." "Why?" "Why?" "This is obscene." "Hurry." "You'll catch a cold." "We will have a lucky year." "Sure." "You're arrested." "Come along." "Well?" "I'll bet you" "$10 for making her smile." "You're on." "You mustn't talk too much to her." "Not even one word?" "Not more than one word" "I'll make her smile." "Then I'll make her angry" "I'll put another $10 on that." "It's a deal." "What if she doesn't smile?" "I'll lose $10 to you." "Fine." "Dad" "mother." "Are you crazy?" "Pay me" "I'm crazy now." "Pay me" "I'll pay you at home." "Can we buy toys, mum?" "Let's go." "Anything new." "It'd best be practical." "Yes." "What do you wants?" "Let's play a new game." "Right, let's match words." "Good" "I'll give you words to match." "By." "With." "And." "Or." "Good." "Large." "Small." "With or small for "By and Large"." "You're dumb." "It sounds poor." "You must die." "Listen." "This is not my best." "Don't be mad." "Do what you like." "Good." "How smart." "Not at all." "Very shrewd." "Not really" "I'll buy vegetables." "Like father, like son." "The son is more cunning." "Write 'Good Health'" "Well?" "What's the matter?" "How is it?" "Why put your money here?" "Why did you touch my safe?" "Madam." "That's..." "Whom was 'Madam' for?" "You, of course" "I'm not married yet." "This kid stole my things" "I'll kill you." "Why are you beating up my kid?" "Where can you run?" "Your kid stole my things." "They're all here." "Doesn't he deserve a beating?" "I'll sue you for this" "I'm single, and you call me Mrs" "I'll sue you." "You said my kid stole your things." "A court case?" "An unmarried girl with a kid?" "I have kids whenever I like." "You have the guts." "I belong to the year of the pig." "Let's get a policeman." "You're unreasonable." "Yet she's lucky." "What luck?" "The luck to give birth." "So what." "Well, we've married for 10 years." "We have no children." "We can't afford to." "We barely have enough." "Don't misjudge me." "Can't I get rich?" "I've foretold your fortunes." "What?" "You can't get rich." "Even if you do." "You're so mean." "You can't teach your kids well." "What?" "I've given you 3 sons." "And one daughter." "Spring is flowers fluttering in town." "Flowers flutter in town in Spring." "Spring is flowers fluttering in town." "Flowers flutter to the Hu's." "Are there some stocks around?" "Deeds and outstanding bills." "Is there gold in that house?" "Is it your will?" "Say it out." "Your savings passbook." "Jewellery box?" "Is it a jewellery box?" "Say it out, dad." "What's the light for in that empty house?" "Remember the energy crisis." "Turn it off." "What extravagance" "I've told you so many times already." "Frugality is a virtue." "That's how my fortune was made." "Ask mum how it was with us." "When we had rice for our meals." "We made sure it was plain." "We just looked at salted vegetables." "Don't look so long it's salty." "Remember frugality." "We couldn't afford your extravagance." "What do you plan when I've died?" "You're the eldest tell me first." "You've worked hard all your Life." "All your years are well deserved." "If you should die." "We must have a grand funeral for you." "We will go through all the formalities." "And get you a luxurious coffin." "To be carried by forty nine men." "We will even get people from afar." "Forget it." "It's beyond what I can afford." "My fortunes will be ruined in your hands." "Tell me your plans, my second." "Brother is obsessed with extravagance." "That's his folly." "Tell me your plans." "Say it out" "I'm for half measures." "It doesn't pay to stretch too far." "Take half of what brother suggested." "Spend only 21 days for the funeral." "Do away with religious rites." "Right." "Monks will make a mess of things." "The coffin needn't be luxurious." "It will rot in the earth anyway." "Have fewer people involved." "Let 21 men carry the coffin." "I don't want that." "You both are big spenders" "I've led a thrifty Life." "Why be so wasteful on my death?" "How can you be so squandering?" "Tell me what your plans are now." "Come on." "My brothers don't know how to save." "Right." "If you should die." "We mustn't spend any money." "We should try to make money instead." "You're my worthy son." "Listen to this." "See what a thrifty man he is." "What a difference." "Make the funeral as short as possible." "Right, wonderful." "Forget the coffin altogether." "Great." "Your body must not be wasted." "It's to be salted." "The meat can then be sold." "Superb." "Come, all of you." "Say it out." "Say it out, dad." "Come." "Say it quickly, dad." "You must remember." "Don't sell my flesh at east Town." "Credits are poor there." "You can't go to heaven." "Do you know how to reproduce?" "Forget it, As long as you're rich." "Everyone will call you daddy." "If not..." "Children provide for your old age." "They will plot." "To divide your riches." "If you're poor, they will desert you." "Stop grumbling." "Where are you going?" "For a shave." "Two cakes and two fried couplets." "Two cakes and two fried couplets." "Delicious." "Barber." "Barber." "How much does a shave cost?" "Fifty cents." "Give me a shave." "Sit please." "Take care." "Damn it." "Don't take me for blind" "I'll shove you up." "Let's have peace." "Why be so mad?" "Be tolerant." "You bastard" "I'm shaved by a bastard." "What are you going?" "My knife is broken." "What sort of a shave is this?" "It's all your fault." "Why?" "You keep cursing me." "How did I curse you?" "If you should die." "The kids will split your riches" "I will have rough days." "How so?" "I'll have no cash to back me up." "Eat while it's hot, mum." "It's specially made for you." "Eat it, mum." "I want another dumpling." "The kids need better food." "Have some hard beans, mum." "Have a rest, mum." "What's the matter, mum?" "If you like brother's place." "Why don't you stay a few days more." "He is a disappointment" "I've had poor food for 10 days." "The hard beans are terrible." "Well, we..." "We know that's what you like." "We've got it ready for you too." "Have you got hard beans too?" "Of course we must have hard beans." "Sit down for a while, mum" "YU didn't even make the bed well." "Are you all right, mum?" "I'm fine." "How was it with my two brothers?" "Those days have been terrible." "How could they serve you so badly?" "They have no variety of offer?" "That's right" "I've prepared fish for you." "Fish?" "Have some fish, mum." "Chi Sheng." "Mother." "The ingots are ready." "That's heavy." "Not as heavy as armour." "Talk politely to mum." "That was a good joke." "Where is the real gold one?" "It's here." "Let me help you, mum." "Take care." "This one is borrowed." "Put it in your pocket." "When brothers are around." "Drop it and let them see it." "Then they won't know how much you have" "I'll go home now." "Let me pass the word to them first." "They will give you VIP reception." "Really?" "Don't let the others know." "We will keep it a secret" "I always said filial piety is a virtue." "How can we share mother." "Right." "Hurry to the phone." "Get a cab for mum." "Right" "54188?" "Get me a car right away." "What?" "You're a funeral house?" "Sorry." "You can't even make a phone call." "Get me 54188 please." "I always said mum needs good food." "Yet you never agreed." "You're pushing money out the door." "A cab to 25 Cotton Drive please." "Excuse me, you're our fortune bringer." "Forget it." "What are you bringing this for?" "Don't you know mum likes this?" "You're right." "Of course." "Why are you here?" "I've come to get mum back." "How about you?" "I've come to get mum too." "Have you checked the calendar?" "Mum should stay with us." "Forget it." "Mum is fed up with you." "You should be ashamed." "You have no food for mum" "You drew a fish to mock her." "How beastly." "How about you?" "You've not any better." "Did you give mum any of your good food?" "What are you trying to do?" "You're trying to cheat me." "Mum will stay with me, the eldest son." "Are you trying to start a fight?" "Well?" "Do you want to fight?" "Arrest them all." "No, we weren't fighting." "We've come to get mum." "Mum?" "Yes, our mother." "Right, our mother." "What good sons you are." "Good sons and good citizens." "Disperse now." "It's all young brother's fault." "Stay with me from now on." "Yes." "Stay with us, our house is lucky." "Don't listen to them, stay with us." "The youngest in always nice and gentle." "Besides, I know you like dumplings" "I've sent my wife to buy shrimps." "To make dumplings for you." "Come with me, mother." "Board my cab, mum." "Why all this pushing and pulling?" "I'm picking it up for mum" "I'll help you keep it away." "I can do it myself." "My daughter." "Mum." "This is for you." "Why don't you keep it, mum?" "It's nothing." "Take care on the way." "Eat while it's hot, mum." "Have some vinegar too." "Help yourself too." "After you, mum." "Take the sweater off, mum." "No, the weather is bad these days." "Don't touch my sweater." "Ingots." "Dumplings are shaped like ingots." "You told me years ago." "Dumplings are like ingots." "I thought you mean ingots in my sweater." "Are there ingots in your sweater?" "That must be very heavy." "What so heavy?" "I mean the ingot-shaped collars." "You have ingots everywhere, mum." "Don't touch it." "My waist is not feeling well." "You should have told me" "I'll get you a doctor for x-ray." "Right, an x-ray radiograph." "Exposes everything." "Exposing?" "What are you taking me for?" "You talk so stupidly." "Never mind." "Take care." "I know what to do." "She talks well." "She can sell anything she says." "What is this?" "You like cakes, mum." "My wife has baked you some cakes." "Now, let's make it clear." "With your knowledge of law." "Your know what rights and duties are." "Let's settle it as brother." "It's my duty to serve mum, not you." "Everyone has the right to serve mum." "You're my darling sons." "Eat while it's hot, mum." "Here are a few nice dishes." "That's too much." "What wrong have I done you?" "Why should you make fun of me?" "Take care." "This is your favourite soup, mum." "Here are some hot buns." "Your teeth can't stand hard baked cakes." "Who says my teeth are not good?" "Eating hard beans have made them strong." "Whose idea was it!" "To feed mum with hard beans." "Open it." "Have a puff, mum." "Have some soup and prosper, mum." "Take some dumplings and keep fit, mum." "Thanks for your good wishes." "This is a special dish for you, mum." "It symbolizes longevity." "You all talk well." "Collect your pay for the show." "Hold yourself." "Let's be happy for mum's sake." "Right, we should respect the old." "Especially our mother." "Let mum eat in silence." "Stop talking." "Eat while it's hot, mum." "As the proverb goes." "You are vain and hollow." "I like proverbs." "You like hearing them?" "Good." "Ok, as the proverb goes." "You can't sell to everyone." "You're not a genius either." "As the proverb goes." "You are all not there." "As the proverb goes." "You are the wife of the cuckolded." "And it's a pygmy dance for you." "What does this mean?" "Holding on to somebody taller, that's it." "As the proverb goes." "You're reaching beyond yourself." "As the proverb goes." "It's time you'll tumble." "Isn't that right?" "As the proverb goes." "You're driving it home the wrong way." "And a pigheaded one, too." "You are overstrained." "And you are finished." "Your rib will be ripped." "Your limbs will be limp." "You're a bastard." "You're the bastard of bastards." "You're a bastard's son." "Your son's a bastard." "You are the mother of a bastard." "You're the real bastard." "You're the son a bitch." "You're the son a bitch." "You're the son a bitch." "That's enough." "Now, they are sons of a bitch." "And they are bastards wives." "Then, just who am I?" "They all talk nonsense." "Eat now;" "I will give you money tomorrow." "To take the kids to see a show" "I love that." "Big theatres are expensive." "Small theatres are much cheaper." "Come buy my toys." "Over there." "Things for men and women." "Toys for children;" "All for sale." "Come in please." "Time for the show..." "Come in please." "The best shows in town." "Action packed." "Come inside please." "Sit over there please." "Rhubarb." "Coming." "What are you doing?" "Pay attention to the show." "It's nice to see them throwing towels." "We are here." "You're early" "I've been waiting for you" "I don't know what the show is about." "Sit over here" "I can't get over." "It's all a mess." "The sky is clear today." "How come it's raining?" "What is the matter?" "What is this drizzle?" "The seeds stink." "It's time to pay." "Thanks." "It's time to pay." "That's a bit too frequent." "We have a heavy overhead." "Madam It's time to pay." "Thanks." "That's robbery." "It's costlier than big theatres." "What's so funny?" "It's a poor show." "They're even coming after me." "They're toy for your kids." "What a shock." "Mother." "It's so hot these days." "It'll be hotter with a fur coat." "People are like elephants now." "Elephants?" "An elephant keeper in the zoo." "Always wears the same outfit." "Elephants messed him up when he changed." "Really?" "People are identified by their clothes." "The fortune teller says if I wear this." "My sons will be nice to me." "Don't believe that." "Where is my son?" "He's gone to buy you an electric fan." "Coming." "It's the newest model from USA." "Is it 110 or 220?" "It only costs $5,80" "I mean the voltage, not the price." "See, you burned the fuse." "Isn't this too much?" "She has passed away." "It's the fan that killed her." "What are you doing?" "Shut up." "Listen, I'm the eldest." "So what?" "She died in our custody" "I want only her sweater." "Why?" "Take it out." "This warrants my right" "I've invested for this sweater." "We've spent $500 already." "Right." "Show them our bills." "See?" "What about you?" "Show them." "Look at mine." "They're all overdue an dead." "So are ours." "Let's talk over it." "Let's have a peaceful talk." "We've all invested to get the sweater Right." "Let's divide the ingots up." "What do you think of that?" "I agree" "I agree too" "I've no objections" "I'm for it." "Let's start." "Let me do it." "Don't fight for it." "Don't fight for it." "Don't fight for it." "Don't fight for it." "Don't fight for it." "Silver ingots." "It's just tin." "Just tin." "Tin." "O Mother." "Mother." "Don't think ill of them." "I can bear children too." "Before I married you" "I had quite a few children." "Ladies and gentlemen." "Come to our famous Spring Inn Our House of Spring is famous too." "Come into out House of Spring." "Crowds of beauties bring you spring." "Come... inside please." "Come meet the guest." "The winner will soon be announced." "The winner will be announced." "Hurry up." "'Reunion' is the winning word." "It's 'Reunion'" "It's 'Reunion', sir." "Reunion?" "Right, sir." "Didn't I say so this morning?" "I dreamed of Tang last night." "He slipped into my bed, stark naked." "What?" "I did nothing of the sort" "I didn't do anything like that." "It's a dream You wouldn't dare." "'Reunion' means in bed together" "I'm in bed with you every day." "We're in bed together." "But you're incapable of any union." "You're old and useless." "No wonder you dreamed about Tang." "He is a terrific lad." "He looks terrific too." "Have you paid yesterday's rent yet?" "I lost my just a number." "Or I would have paid you double." "Tough luck." "Tang, come rap my bones for me." "My neck is feeling uneasy." "Not so hard." "It's difficult to please you, hard or light." "You naughty boy." "It's all fixed" "I won't do it." "See what a daughter you've got." "What's bad about her?" "There's nothing wrong with her." "You can't sell her after selling me." "What has that to do with you?" "Ling Tze is a miserable girl." "She must be lovable too." "How your thought fly." "Let me tell you the truth." "A new whore house is just opened." "A virgin would bring them luck" "I recommended Ling Tze." "She will get $300 for that." "Do you think she can earn the $300?" "How would I know?" "Don't act the innocent boy." "Whether she's a virgin or not." "Is something only you would know." "Stop kidding." "She's not a Lady." "If $300 is there for the taking." "Why wouldn't she sell?" "She may have nothing to sell though." "The owner is so old anyway." "You still stand a very good chance." "Why not let her dad earn $300." "Why associate Ling Tze with me?" "What you've been doing?" "Is known to me." "You've got to do it" "I can't turn down the $300." "Ling Tze." "Rice dumplings." "Selling rice dumpling on new year eve." "Goldfish." "Sugared gourds." "Goldfish." "Dates rice dumplings." "Rice dumplings." "Dates." "Do me a favour buy a dumpling form me?" "Who would sell this on new year's eve?" "I'm a fugitive from Ho Nan." "I used to be very rich too" "I can make only rice dumplings." "Please, I've starved for 3 days." "How stupid you are to starve." "Why can't you eat the dumplings?" "They are made 5 days ago." "They've all gone bad." "They're rotten." "You try to sell me rotten rice?" "Please buy it as a favour." "You look a new hand in doing business." "My family was very rich." "Why would I have to do anything?" "I was ashamed to stay in my home town." "You avoid the crowded spots" "I'm shy." "You're yelling around deserted areas." "Right." "You're a man with insight." "Can you buy six pieces of them?" "How about four?" "Or two?" "That won't do you much good." "What would do me enough good?" "Well, I own a rickshaw factory" "I'll let you pull a rickshaw." "Come, let's have a meal first." "Great." "You're so nice" "I'm so grateful" "I'll thank you for all my Life." "Forget this." "You're so kind." "If you ate the dumpling, you'd be sick." "A kid died after eating it last night." "Pay your rent if you have money." "If not, pay me later." "Thanks." "You'll soon get used to the job." "You must use your strength cleverly." "Just strength would not work." "This is new, I'm used to the rear push." "Why are you laughing?" "Never mind her." "Your words reminds her of our boss." "Do you pull rickshaws too, sir?" "Not in daytime." "You're so hard working." "You're a cunning lad." "Teach Wang the job." "Teach him how to serve customers." "Let me teach you, Mr. Wang." "You're my teacher then." "There isn't really that much to it." "Board the rickshaw." "Give a kick when you start." "Running is smooth after you've started." "Keep quiet while you pull." "Speak nicely to the customer." "What would be nice to say?" "You've arrived, sir." "Don't bother to pay, sir." "What if he really doesn't pay?" "Nobody would be like that." "He would even give you tips." "I wouldn't if it were me." "Only a bastard would not pay." "Why are you cursing me?" "That's because you refuse to pay." "I must pay to avoid the cursing." "Take care not to bump into others." "If you do, release the car, step out." "Say sorry politely." "See, I get bumped in haste." "What I mean is in cases like this." "It isn't a single person's fault." "When he sees you're so polite." "His anger will be calmed down." "I can't see why I must step out." "In case you meet a rough man." "You can escape his attack." "Look." "Are you blind?" "See, if you had stepped out." "It's to your advantage." "Can I tackle him with my handles?" "That would be bad." "Your customer would fall off." "Let's have a competition." "Go up." "Hit me." "I will." "How can you pull like that?" "Can you see it?" "You're making it real." "Sorry." "Charge less, and work harder." "Don't overcharge your customers." "Thanks for the first lesson." "The rest is up to you." "Go ahead." "Rickshaw." "Take my rickshaw" "Shing Huang Miao 40 cents, 50 cents, 30 cents." "Excuse me." "What's the hurry?" "Rickshaw." "Please take mine." "Rickshaw." "How are you?" "I bet 50 cents on 'Fiery'" "I saw a bill in my dream last." "That may be 'ball', 'bull', 'bell'." "Right, I will bet $1 on each of them." "I'll win and have a new year party." "Let's go." "Right, let's go." "Bet 50 cents on 'Quarry' for me" "I just saw Ho in a quarrel with his wife." "Let me jot it down." "Hurry up." "Where is the kid?" "Ling Tze." "Did you see Ling Tze?" "I didn't notice." "Ling Tze..." "I said she isn't around." "Have you settled that deal?" "Everything is set for you." "Let's make it tomorrow evening." "Remember what is expected of her." "Or it will be a disgrace for me." "Don't worry." "You know us well enough." "The trouble is I don't." "Stinking women." "Never mind her." "Your dad would be furious" "I prefer to die with you." "Ling Tze." "Damn, what a moment." "Rickshaw." "Rickshaw." "Rickshaw." "Rickshaw." "Rickshaw Where are you going?" "The stone bridge." "That would be 10 dollars." "Would that take $10?" "It's a firm price." "Don't waste my time if you don't go" "I'll pay 10 dollars." "Board the rickshaw please." "Do you know how to pull?" "Of course." "What?" "I know what I'm doing." "This isn't a cart" "I'm easing my muscles" "I refuse to ride." "You've agreed to the price." "You've got to ride, or I'll starve." "Can you hurry?" "Come out earlier if you're in a hurry." "Why don't you take a plane?" "I'm the one that's pulling." "Pull yourself if you want to be quick." "What a strange world we're in." "This is my nature" "I'll take it easy." "Make way." "Get out of the way." "Make way..." "Make way..." "I'll be bumping into someone." "Here, I've really done it." "Don't do it here" "I'm just bumping in." "It's raw and not edible;" "Let me get it." "He bumped into me." "Are you blind?" "How are you pulling your rickshaw?" "You're lucky" "I broke someone's leg the day before" "I got someone in hospital yesterday." "Yet you're still fine." "It's fate that brings us together." "Of all people, I bump into you." "This is the wonder of fate." "What a show." "Damn it" "I'll beat you up." "Why are you hitting me?" "What are you laughing at?" "Why should you be involved?" "Who are you?" "I'm your passenger." "Passenger." "Why can't you sit still?" "How did you get down anyway?" "You threw me down, that's how." "Bastard." "You're cursing me." "No, I'm cursing myself" "I just can't learn." "It's my bad luck to ride your rickshaw" "YU haven't paid yet, sir How can you ask for payment?" "Pay for the ride." "It's red he is after, right." "Right" "I'll turn him into a red egg." "Red egg?" "Do you know how red eggs become red?" "They're dyed." "Right, I'll have red cotton ready." "Ling Tze." "It's your mother." "Did you see Ling Tze?" "You didn't put her in my custody." "Where can she be?" "Go down;" "Don't let them find you here." "Good." "It's you." "When did you come up?" "While you were dying eggs." "What's your explanation this time?" "I'm not ashamed to admit what I do." "What do you want to do?" "I've got red cotton ready too." "You..." "Cooperate, and we'll be fine." "Things will get rough otherwise." "I sincerely pray." "Let me win some money." "Today's rickshaw fees." "You shattered my bones" "I'll crawl around this table." "Call out what I look like to you." "Start now" "I know, go ahead." "Can you see what I look like?" "You look exactly like a tortoise." "A real tortoise." "Come down." "Tortoise!" "I'll bet on 'Fiery'" "What?" "Tortoise." "Why must you say I look like a tortoise?" "It's what you are Bet on 'Fiery'" "I'll fire at you." "The winner will be announced now." "'Fiery' is the winning word." "We've won." "That's not bad." "I must buy everybody a drink." "I've won over seventy dollars." "Let's drink, it's on me." "It's really strange." "What so strange." "Thank your god for the tip." "I will." "Mr. Ma" "I won too." "I betted 50 cents even before you crawled." "I could see you are a fiery tortoise." "It's tortoises that grow rich and big." "What does it matter if you're rich?" "Tough luck." "Shave off the bad luck." "Take cane." "Never mind" "I won over seventy dollars on ' Fiery'." "If it catches fire, it's 'Fiery'." "Right, I'll bet on 'Fiery' again." "Damn it." "It's disgusting." "What's so good to look at?" "The old man is out, come to me tonight." "Let's go dying eggs too." "Fear not, I'm harmless." "Bones stiffen with age." "But the flesh loses vigour." "It's like mince-meat?" "The parts don't hold together." "Therefore, have no fear" "I'll just kiss you." "To get the red that brings good luck." "My finger will give a gentle thrust." "Red symbolizes the glorious sunrise." "Which carries you upwards." "With bones soft as cotton." "It's a gay and happy time." "Good." "Call me a tortoise." "But I'll bet $100 on 'Fiery'." "Ma..." "Ma..." "Right, bet on 'Fiery'." "Don't block my way, I'll bet on it." "Ma..." "This seems a strange disease." "It's certainly an interesting subject." |
Influence of training on the number and complexity of frequent VPBs in healthy athletes.
Frequent ventricular premature beats (VPBs) may be discovered during preparticipation screening in asymptomatic apparently healthy athletes. Some authors hypothesize that they may be a manifestation of 'athlete's heart' and suggest a deconditioning period, which should document a regression of arrhythmias, to exclude a concealed disease. To test this hypothesis, we analysed 87 asymptomatic healthy athletes with frequent VPB (>100/24 h). Of these, 44 (group D) underwent at least 3 months' detraining, whereas 43 (group C) continued sporting activity. Athletes underwent 24-h Holter monitoring at the baseline after 5.2 ± 4 (group D) and 7.2 ± 5 (group C) months. Basal characteristics were similar in both groups. Comparison of the basal and follow-up Holter results revealed no significant difference in the mean number of VPB/24 h in either group. In group D, the number of VPB/24 h declined from 8126 ± 8129 to 7998 ± 10 976 (P = 0.48), whereas in group C it rose from 6027 ± 6374 to 6600 ± 8590 (P = 0.51). VPB either disappeared or were markedly reduced (<100 VPB/24 h) in 2/44 (4.5%) group D and 4/43 (9%) group C athletes.In neither group did the number of couplets or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia change significantly. In healthy athletes, frequent VPBs discovered by chance during preparticipation screening may not be a manifestation of 'athlete's heart', but may depend on other causes; in the latter case screening may simply reveal a pre-existing asymptomatic phenomenon; the usefulness of detraining in ascertaining eligibility for sport should be further investigated. |
Nuclear translocation of DJ-1 during oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death.
Loss-of-function mutations in the PARK7/DJ-1 gene cause early onset autosomal-recessive Parkinson disease. DJ-1 has been implicated in protection of neurons from oxidative stress and in regulation of transcriptional activity. However, whether there is a relationship between the subcellular localization of DJ-1 and its function remains unknown. Therefore, we examined the subcellular localization of DJ-1 during dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by various insults. Immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry showed that the nuclear pool of DJ-1 dramatically increased in both MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells and primary cultures of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treatment. This was paralleled by a corresponding decrease in its cytosolic level, indicating drug-induced nuclear translocation of DJ-1. The same phenomenon was detected in other cell death paradigms induced by pro-oxidants including hydrogen peroxide and cupric chloride. Consequently, cotreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine blocked the translocation of DJ-1 into the nucleus. However, mutation at cysteine 106 had no effect on the translocation of DJ-1 into the nucleus, suggesting that reactive oxygen species-mediated downstream signaling and/or modifications other than oxidative modification are involved in its nuclear translocation. Ectopic expression of nucleus localization signal (NLS)-tagged DJ-1 prevented cell death from 6-OHDA. We investigated whether nuclear DJ-1 was involved in transcriptional regulation and found that DJ-1 was localized in promyelocytic leukemia bodies, and this localization increased upon 6-OHDA treatment. We also confirmed that binding of DJ-1 and promyelocytic leukemia bodies indeed increased after 6-OHDA treatment. Consequently, expression levels of acetylated p53 and PUMA were downregulated in cells overexpressing DJ-1 or NLS-tagged DJ-1. Taken together, our data suggest that nuclear translocation of DJ-1 may protect neurons from cell death after oxidative stress. |
Currently, makeup has become an indispensible part of people's daily life. There are many varieties of cosmetics, such as powder, liquid and paste. To facilitate the use of cosmetics, people usually make different cosmetics into different shapes and fill them in suitable containers. Wherein the cosmetics with the shape of powder stick, such as lipstick, lip cream, concealer, skin whitening stick and sun cream stick, are filled in the powder stick tube, collectively known as lipstick tube, to be designed and manufactured.
Currently, the lipstick tubes on the market usually include a cover, a mechanism and a base, wherein the mechanism includes an A-shell, an innerbody, a cup and a spiral, and the assembled mechanism is sleeved in the base and then matches with the cover to form the finished product of lipstick tube. At present, the lubricating oil and glue are used to realize a smoothly, flexibly relative movement and fixation among components in most lipstick tubes. Therefore, such defects, such as increased production cost, complex process, and easily causing pollution, may occur.
The patent numbered CN201767295U discloses a mechanism of a lipstick tube, including an A-shell, a spiral, an innerbody and a cup, which are coaxially sleeved from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the A-shell is fixedly connected with the spiral; a spiral guide groove is provided on the inner circumference of the spiral, a notch is provided on the wall surface of the innerbody along the axial direction thereof, a bulge which passes through the notch and extends into the guide groove is provided on the outer circumference of the cup, and a plurality of bumps which are fixed on the inner circumference of the spiral or on the outer circumference of the innerbody are provided between the bottom end of the spiral and the innerbody.
The plurality of bumps, provided between the bottom end of the spiral and the innerbody, of the mechanism of the abovementioned utility model adjusts the distance between the spiral and the innerbody, so as to control the friction and the torsion during rotation between the spiral and the innerbody. However, the bumps are poor in adjustment of themselves and are easy to jam when the spiral and the innerbody move relative to each other, so that the lubricants are needed, thereby causing the hidden trouble of polluting the beauty cream.
The patent numbered CN201533649U discloses a powder stick tube, including an A-shell, a spiral, an innerbody and a cup, wherein the A-shell is sleeved outside the periphery of the spiral and is fixed with the spiral; the spiral is sleeved outside the periphery of the innerbody and is axially fixed with the innerbody; the cup is inside the innerbody and is provided with a bulge; and the innerbody is provided with an axial straight slot. A spiral guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the spiral; the bulge of the cup passes through the straight slot on the innerbody to fall into the guide groove of the spiral; and the spiral and the innerbody are axially fixed in the following way: an outward expanding ring is provided at the top of the innerbody, wherein the outer diameter of the expanding ring is greater than the inner diameter of the spiral, and the top of the spiral is adjacent to the lower side of the expanding ring; and a ring of plate-like bulge is provided on the circumference of the innerbody, wherein the plate-like bulge is between the innerbody and the spiral and is in an arc shape along the axial section of the innerbody and the spiral.
In the solution above, because the ring of the plate-like bulge is formed on the circumference of the innerbody, wherein the plate-like bulge is between the innerbody and the spiral and is in an arc shape along the axial section of the innerbody and the spiral, an expanding force may be generated between the innerbody and the spiral so as to ensure the generation of a certain torsion and a lubricant and smooth hand feeling, thereby reducing the use of lubricants.
In the structure above, through adding the plate-like bulge, it provides the expanding force generated between the spiral and the innerbody, so as to reduce the use of lubricants, whereas, the A-shell and the spiral are still fixed by glue. During production, it is likely to pollute the beauty cream, so that such hidden trouble such as the deterioration of the beauty cream may exist. |
Forensic assertive community treatment: preventing incarceration of adults with severe mental illness.
Persons with severe mental illness are overrepresented in jails and prisons in the United States. A national survey was conducted to identify assertive community treatment programs that have been modified to prevent arrest and incarceration of adults with severe mental illness who have been involved with the criminal justice system. Members of the National Association of County Behavioral Health Directors (NACBHD) were surveyed to identify assertive community treatment programs serving persons with criminal justice histories and working closely with criminal justice agencies. Programs were identified that met three study criteria: all enrollees had a history of involvement with the criminal justice system, a criminal justice agency was the primary referral source, and a close partnership existed with a criminal justice agency to perform jail diversion. Senior representatives of each program were subsequently contacted, and a telephone survey was administered to gather information about the design and operation of the programs. A total of 291 of 314 NACBHD members (93 percent) responded to the survey. Sixteen programs that met the study criteria were identified in nine states. The primary referral sources for 13 of these programs (81 percent) were local jails. Eleven programs (69 percent) incorporated probation officers as members of their assertive community treatment teams. Eight programs (50 percent) had a supervised residential component, with five providing residentially based addiction treatment. Eleven of the 16 programs have begun operating since 1999. Only three programs have published outcome data on program effectiveness. Forensic assertive community treatment is an emerging model for preventing arrest and incarceration of adults with severe mental illness who have substantial histories of involvement with the criminal justice system. Further research is needed to establish the structure, function, and effectiveness of this developing model of service delivery. |
Detection and characterization of seven novel protein S (PROS) gene lesions: evaluation of reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction as a mutation screening strategy.
The molecular genetic analysis of protein S deficiency has been hampered by the complexity of the protein S (PROS) gene and by the existence of a homologous pseudogene. In an attempt to overcome these problems, a reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) mutation screening procedure was developed. However, the application of this mRNA-based strategy to the detection of gene lesions causing heterozygous type I protein S deficiency appears limited owing to the high proportion of patients exhibiting absence of mRNA derived from the mutation-bearing allele ("allelic exclusion"). Nevertheless, this strategy remains extremely effective for rapid mutation detection in type II/III protein S deficiency. Using the RT-PCR technique, a G-to-A transition was detected at position +1 of the exon IV donor splice site, which was associated with type I deficiency and resulted in both exon skipping and cryptic splice site utilization. No abnormal protein S was detected in plasma from this patient. A missense mutation (Asn 217 to Ser), which may interfere with calcium binding, was also detected in exon VIII in a patient with type III protein S deficiency. A further three PROS gene lesions were detected in three patients with type I deficiency by direct sequencing of exon-containing genomic PCR fragments: a single base-pair (bp) deletion in exon XIV, a 2-bp deletion in exon VIII, and a G0to-A transition at position -1 of the exon X donor splice site all resulted in the absence of mRNA expressed from the disease allele. Thus, the RT-PCR methodology proved effective for further analysis of the resulting protein S-deficient phenotypes. A missense mutation (Met570 to Thr) in exon XIV of a further type III-deficient proband was subsequently detected in this patient's cDNA. No PROS gene abnormalities were found in the remaining four subjects, three of whom exhibited allelic exclusion. However, the father of one such patient exhibiting allelic exclusion was subsequently shown to carry a nonsense mutation (Gly448 to Term) within exon XII. |
"NAKED VIOLENCE" "We picked them all up from their homes or the bars they hang out in." "We even checked the victim's register and they were the ones present." "The caretaker says she saw them all come and go." "She says she always counts them." "I'll show them to you now." "Correct me if I get it wrong, miss." "It seems to have appeared in the classroom." "Someone must have brought it in for a laugh." "A sip here and a sip there, they lost control and then we know what happened." "Latescent aniseed is the strongest liquor in the world." "85%!" "Therefore, if a kid touches a drop, he's drunk." "Even a hardened drinker would get drunk on just one sip." "Yes, it's true." "This strong alcohol... causes powerful psychic erythrism." "It burns your nervous system and takes you towards the world of violence and madness." "They forced me to go there, I've never found out why." " Isn't that right?" " Alright, good kid." "Will you tell the judge I'm a good kid?" "POLICE HEADQUARTERS" "Don't you want to know who pushed them to do it?" "No, I don't care." "I have more important matters to see to." "Everyday there's robberies, murders, more urgent matters." "All cases are the same, if they're unresolved." "Those kids..." "If one of them is the culprit, it'll come out in the trial." "Months will go by before the trial, they'll talk." "The only thing that's sure is that the teacher was tortured then murdered." "We've done our job, the culprits have been locked up." " He mentioned a woman." " I can't keep them here anymore." "Told you about a woman to get out of his cell, a kid who's told lots of lies in his life..." "That's not why." "They could have arranged that sex party anywhere in Milan without getting caught." "Such a monster can't be allowed to be free!" " If there is someone." " There is." "You have no proof." "They're blaming each other, that's proof." "It was even before Grassi mentioned it, now, with his confession, we've got even more to go on." "Let me look for this woman." ""CESARE BECCARIA, HOME FOR YOUNG OFFENDERS"" "See you tomorrow, or tonight, if anything comes up." "Photos of Carolino are circulating and there are road blocks everywhere." "Go on, say it:" ""He can't have gone far."" "Listen..." " Stay here the night." " Won't you be able to sleep?" "I'd like our first time together to be different." "It's fine this way." "How can I help him?" "When Carolino went up, they must have realized the police were there." "He probably took him to a secluded place." "He can't have gone far, he knows about the roadblocks." "He'll have taken him to a secluded place and he'll kill him." "If he could, he'd kill all of them." "He knows that when the others find out about Carolino, they won't say a word." "Do you think Carolina's still alive?" "THE END" |
High risk human papillomavirus testing: guidelines for use in screening, triage, and follow-up for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer.
The changes in cervical cytology characterization agreed on by the Bethesda committee meeting in 2001 created a category of atypical findings that has caused some management confusion. By description, the characterization of cervical cytology as only atypical implies a less worrisome prognosis. However, more than 40% of high-grade (CIN II or III or cancer) will be discovered within this category. The development and Food and Drug Administration approval of the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC-2; Digene Corporation, Gaithersburg, MD) for detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) subtypes and the subsequent level I evidence supporting use of this test in the triage of women with atypical cytology has revolutionized the management of this cytology. With this success has come numerous additional uses for HR-HPV testing in the treatment and follow-up of women with a variety of cytologic abnormalities. This article reviews the literature on uses of HR-HPV testing in this population, with reference to currently accepted guidelines. |
In one conventional arrangement, the resources of a distributed computing system are shared among multiple users. The resources are shared, using virtualization and/or other (e.g., physically-based) techniques, in accordance with usage policies derived from user service agreements. In this conventional arrangement, such usage policies are either set in a centralized fashion by a centralized control mechanism remote from an individual respective computing node in the system, or in a localized fashion by respective localized control mechanisms at each respective computing node, but enforcement may take place at the local computing nodes.
These resources typically include hardware and software resources that provide and/or impart various kinds of processing to packets received by the system, and/or provide other capabilities, such as various services, appliances, and offload processing. Depending upon the configuration of the distributed computing system, the computing nodes to which these resources are assigned, and their respective workloads, configurations, etc., are selected either by the centralized control mechanism or the localized control mechanisms. The compute nodes may be connected via a physical network that may employ switches or other network devices. If a given packet is to undergo multiple kinds of processing by multiple resources, the packet is forwarded to and among the multiple resources.
Unfortunately, the above conventional arrangement suffers from certain disadvantages and drawbacks. For example, although the processing that is to be imparted to the packets can be individualized on a per-user, per-policy basis, etc., the specific manner in which the policies, processing, and resource configuration/locations are implemented in the system typically is not coordinated in a fashion that meaningfully facilitates or improves system processing efficiency. For example, without such meaningful coordination, resulting traffic and/or processing patterns in the system may result in overuse, underuse, or thrashing of the switch, various resources (e.g., compute, network, storage, energy, etc. resources), and/or certain ports of the switch and/or the various resources. Alternatively or additionally, without such meaningful coordination, traffic may undesirably “bounce” among the switch and/or certain resources, or take an undesirably large number of hops in the network. This may result in excessive bandwidth usage, higher latency, and/or may make latency control more difficult (e.g., leading to jitter).
The above conventional arrangement suffers from additional disadvantages and/or drawbacks. For example, the above conventional system may not be able to provide real time or near real time fine granularity for quality of service adjustments to be made to, and/or statistically accurate visibility of workloads and/or resource utilizations, as the workloads and/or utilizations change in and/or among the computing nodes. This is especially true in cases where the adjustments to and/or visibility into such workloads and/or utilizations are to be accomplished on a per user/workload basis in adherence to the user service agreements.
A further drawback of this conventional arrangement is that it affords relatively little in the way of processing/policy flexibility and dynamic processing capabilities, for example, depending upon the particular contents of received packets. For example, in at least certain circumstances, it would be useful to be able to modify or adjust resources assigned to the traffic, location of resources, policies, processing, processing order, and/or processing resource configuration/locations that are applicable to and/or to be used in connection with received packets, based upon the particular contents of the received packets, compute resources, storage resources, affinity and/or association with other infrastructure resources and/or services, and/or their relative location with respect to the locus at which network services are to be provided. It would also be useful not to preclude other services, e.g. compute, from being the pivot around which other services, infrastructure allocation, and/or placement decisions may be made. Additional drawbacks of this conventional arrangement include inability to reduce to the extent desirable processing and packet transmission latency and jitter.
One proposed solution that involves processing in hardware of network packets is disclosed in Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Special Interest Group (SIG) Single Root Input/Output Virtualization (SR-IOV) and Sharing Specification Revision 1.1, published Jan. 20, 2010 (hereinafter, “SR-IOV specification”). Unfortunately, this proposed solution effectively eliminates the ability of vSwitch and/or other software processes (e.g., hypervisor and/or virtual machine monitoring processes) to be able to directly affect and/or control packet processing by the hardware. This eliminates the ability to add local control, services, and/or policies to be coordinated with the hypervisor, virtual machine manager and/or vSwitch. Indeed, there is no contemplation in SR-IOV of such vSwitch, other software processes, and/or policies being involved in the steering of packets to and/or among processing entities, and/or in the control, adaptation, and/or modification of such steering and/or processing (e.g., in a dynamic fashion and/or based upon changed processing criteria, parameters, preferences, etc.). Additionally, the local or remote entity that may govern the infrastructure may be severely challenged with respect to being able to adequately control the amount of shared resources (e.g., network bandwidth and/or priority) that may be provided to platform elements (e.g., virtual machines) and/or in coordinating such provision with and/or among other users (e.g., other virtual machines vying for appropriate network access, network priority, and/or latency). This reduces the processing flexibility and/or services that may be provided in this conventional arrangement, and/or may involve use of SR-IOV hardware to provide all such services (which may be unrealistic). Furthermore, the SR-IOV techniques do not contemplate provision of services on a fine granularity (e.g., other than a virtual machine or PCI-Express function), such as, per-flow basis, and/or support the ability of software processes to modify, combine, and/or tailor hardware processing/capabilities.
Although the following Detailed Description will proceed with reference being made to illustrative embodiments, many alternatives, modifications, and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended that the claimed subject matter be viewed broadly. |
Serial measurement of serum S-100B protein as a marker of cerebral damage after cardiac surgery.
We used serial measurements of serum S-100B protein to evaluate the time course of serum S-100B protein concentration after cardiovascular surgery and to determine the clinical relevance of its concentration and cerebral damage. We assessed neurologic function in 149 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The patients were classified into three groups according to their early postoperative outcome: those without complications (group A), those having unconsciousness or convulsion or both but no hemiplegia (group B), and those having unconsciousness and hemiplegia either with or without convulsion (group C). Serum S-100B protein concentrations were measured with a commercially available immunoluminometric assay, Sangtec 100 LIA, at seven time-points: before cardiopulmonary bypass, at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and at 5, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass. At 5 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass, the S-100B values in groups B and C were significantly higher than the value in group A. Although the S-100B level decreased in group C during the first 5 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass, it increased thereafter (12 through 24 hours) and continued at a high level until the final measurement at 72 hours. At 12 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass, S-100B was significantly higher in group C than in group B. This late increase in S-100B was associated with radiologically detected abnormalities and cerebral damage. Serial measurement of serum S-100B protein in the initial 12 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass can be used to predict early postoperative brain injury. |
Restorative surgery has long had the difficult task of finding replacement materials for use as fillers, grafts and connectors in the practice of the specialty. In this practice, as well as in many other aspects of medicine, the body's superbly designed defense mechanisms present a challenge to the physician's task of intervening and manipulating the body tissue to achieve a functional or an aesthetically pleasing result. To date, different methods of replacement of tissue and different replacement materials have been widely used, however, they have been, to a certain extent, unsatisfactory. Evidence of the unsatisfactory result is shown by the history of the use of silicon in breast implants. In addition to the variety of medical problems reported by the implantees of such devices, silicones are known to be problematic due to capsular contraction.
Another form of replacement has been the use of dermal fat grafts; however, such grafts have a tendency for resorption, leaving the graftee in little better condition than before the procedure. The use of bovine collagen has been attempted, but such attempts bring their own peculiar set of worries.
A soft tissue replacement for defects should have certain characteristics, including freedom from rejection, such that the body's defenses are minimized as a problem. The material should be persistent, malleable, of easy use, and free of complications from its use. Additionally, it should be of low cost. |
[A laboratory and field study on the disposal of domestic waste water based on soil permeation].
The present study was conducted to get information necessary for the disposal of domestic waste water by soil permeation. The clarifying ability of soil was examined by conducting laboratory experiments using soil columns and making inquiries about practical disposal facilities based on soil permeation using trenches. In the column experiment, soil columns were prepared by packing polyvinyl chloride pipes with volcanic-ash loam, river sand, or an equivolume mixture of both, and secondary effluent of domestic waste water was poured into each soil column at a daily rate of 100 l/m2. In this experiment, loam and sand loam, both containing fine silt and clay, gave BOD removals of over 95% when the influent BOD load per 1 m3 of soil was less than 10 g/d and gave the coliform group removals of 100% when the influent coliform group load per 1 m3 soil was less than 10(9)/d. Loam and sand loam gave T-P removals of over 90%. The P adsorption capacity of soil was limited to less than 12% of the absorption coefficient of phosphoric acid. All the soils gave low T-N removals, mostly less than 50%. The trench disposal gave high removals of 90-97% for BOD, 90-97% for T-P, and 94-99% for the coliform group but low removals of 11-49% for T-N, showing a trend similar to that of the column disposal. Thus, we can roughly estimate the effectiveness of actual soil permeation disposal from the results of the column experiments. In the waste water permeation region, the extent of waste water permeation exceeded 700 cm horizontally from the trench, but the waste water load within 100 cm laterally from the trench occupied 60.3% of the total. The concentrations of T-C and T-N at almost all observation spots in the permeation region were lower than in the control region, and were not caused to accumulate in soil by waste water loading. In contrast, T-P was accumulated concentratively in the depth range from 50-100 cm right below the trench. The conditions for effective disposal of domestic waste water by soil permeation have been estimated to be: (1) the soil should contain more than 30% silt and clay, (2) the absorption coefficient of phosphoric acid should be more than 1000, (3) the permeation rate should be 1.0-1.8 mm/min, and (4) the soil volume to be permeated should be more than 6.86 m3/person. |
Virtually all endothelial cell growth factors can be purified by heparin affinity chromatography. These heparin-binding growth factors (HBGF's) fall into two classes. Class 1 HBGF's are anionic mitogens found in high levels in neural tissue, and class 2 HBGF's are cationic mitogens with a wide tissue distribution. Both classes of HBGF induce angiogenesis and are likely to play a role in the neovascularization that occurs in a variety of normal and pathological processes, including wound healing, ovulation, abnormal retinal neovascularization, arthritis, and particularly solid tumor growth. Thus, the importance of HBGF's and heparin as modulators of endothelial cell function and blood vessel growth has significant pathological and therapeutic implications. Investigations into their physiological relevance will depend critically on a thorough understanding of the structural basis for the interaction of HBGF's with their cell receptors and the heparin molecule. The specific aim of this proposal is to examine the relationship between the structure and function of the class 1 HBGF from bovine brain (HBGF-1), which is typical of all class 1 HBGF's. This relationship will be evaluated by: determination of the complete structure of HBGF-1 by the complementary approaches of protein and cDNA sequencing; definition of assays that provide accurate readouts of the interaction between heparin, HBGF-1, and the cell receptor; chemical and enzymatic modification of HBGF-1; evaluation of synthetic peptides representing fragments of HBGF-1 as agonists or antagonists; and evaluation of the effects of antibodies of defined specificity. The goal of these structure/function studies is the development of chemical and/or immunological agonists and antagonists capable of modulating the functions of class 1 HBGF's in vivo. |
Cohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication.
Cohesion between sister chromatids, which opposes the splitting force exerted by the mitotic spindle during metaphase, is essential for their segregation to opposite poles of the cell during anaphase. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cohesion depends on a set of chromosomal proteins called cohesins, which include structural maintenance of chromosomes 1p (Smc1p), Smc3p and sister chromatid cohesion 1p (Scc1p). Strains with mutations in the genes encoding these proteins separate sister chromatids prematurely and fail to align them in metaphase. This leads to missegregation of chromosomes in the following anaphase. In a normal cell cycle, Scc1p was synthesized and recruited to chromosomes at the onset of S phase. Using cells that expressed Scc1p exclusively from a galactose-inducible promoter, we showed that if Scc1p was synthesised only after completion of S phase, it still bound to chromosomes but failed to promote sister chromatid cohesion. Cohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication, possibly following the passage of a replication fork. Furthermore, Scc1p (and other cohesins) are needed both for maintaining cohesion during mitosis and for establishing it during S phase. Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion is therefore an essential but hitherto neglected aspect of S phase. |
"Attention!" "DEVILS ON THE DOORSTEP" "Left!" "Forward!" "Little Thresher!" "Er Bozi!" "Er Bozi!" "Sensei!" "Have you all been good?" "Have some candy." "Good boys!" "Watch this." "Which hand?" "Smart kid." "Try again." "Which hand?" "No." "This one!" "Clean water, no dirty water." "One, two, three." "Or I'll knock your block off." "Understand?" "Yes." "You'll have clean water tonight." "1945, NORTH CHINA THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION" " Let me look at you." " What for?" "Please, let me look!" "At what?" "No!" "Come on!" "Be quick" "Don't stop!" " Who's there?" " Me" " Who?" " Me" " Hurry!" " What'll you do?" "The usual" " Who is it?" " Me" "Close your eyes" "Name" "Dasan Ma" "What's this village called?" "Rack-Armor Terrace" "What are you doing up so late?" "Thinking" "Well, think away" "Listen to me" "I'm leaving two things with you" "I want them both back." "Both" "Don't let the Jap devils find out" "Any slipup and you're a dead man" "But they've got a blockhouse here" "It could be hard" "It'll be all right" ""The darkest place is under the candlestick."" " Understand?" " Yes" "If there's trouble, who's responsible?" "You" "Who was it?" "Don't know" "It's alive!" "I'll tell that guy!" "Dasan Ma!" "Listen." "In your spare time, interrogate them" "We'll collect them on New Year's Eve together with their statements" "Understand?" "Yes" "Who'll collect them?" "Me!" "It was like this" "Just like this!" "Then he jumped the wall and ran off" "So what was his name?" "Didn't say." "called himself "me."" "So, what'd he look like?" "Don't know." "My eyes were closed" "How about his clothes?" "Was he tall?" "With your eyes closed, can you see me?" "How many were there?" "I didn't dare open my eyes!" "So what exactly did he say?" "He said he'd leave 'em here till New Year's Eve when he'd come for 'em" "He sounded really fierce" "He said, "The darkest place is under the candlestick."" "I'll kill you, turtle-fucker!" "You can talk family business later" "Dasan's been with your son's widow for some time" "We have to talk" "With these good-for-nothings?" "Go to bed!" "Dad, have some water" "Don't call me dad." "Shameless slut" "A father-in-law can't talk this way" "Go for me, then!" "I'm fed up with you!" " I'll kill you, turtle-fucker!" " cut it out!" "Good fortune is having no troubles, but misfortune can't be avoided" "Well, is it fortune or misfortune?" "What should we do?" "Take 'em to the blockhouse." "I'm in with their chief" " What?" " Hand 'em over" "That's no good." "What'll I say?" "when that guy comes back for 'em?" "Tell him to see the Japs." "What would he dare do?" "You kidding?" "This guy ties up Japs in sacks!" "What wouldn't he dare do?" " What are you?" "A collaborator?" " Seems like it!" "I'll throttle one with each hand and then we'll bury 'em!" "That's it!" "We'll just dig a hole." "I'll do that" "You would?" "But that guy said if anything happens to 'em or if the Japs find out we'd be killed!" " Killed?" " Who'd be killed?" "He said he'd kill everyone in the village" "Nothing" " What?" " What?" "Forget it" "Speak" "I thought we could run away and leave the sacks here." "What could he do to us?" "Sit down!" "You made me say it" "If we all have to die anyway, why don't I just kill you?" "Stop it!" "If you don't, I'm going come back" "Sit down" "It's unheard of." "He's threatening us all?" "I'll throttle 'em, and we'll bury 'em" "Bury 'em" "No good will come from this" "Such deeds are not the work of idle men" "Provoke neither those who dwell in the hills nor those who come from the sea" "New Year's Eve is five days away." "On that day they'll come" "Steal away with them and disaster will be averted" "San" "For the sake of the village, act with care these next few days" " Er Bozi." " Yes, Old Uncle?" "Don't tell your mother about this" "She's got a big mouth" "I'll keep it to myself, all right?" "All right." "We can go home" "Wait!" "There's something else" "That guy said we should interrogate them" "Interrogate them?" "About what?" "Sensei!" "Have some candy" "Boy good!" "Have another" "Er Bozi, come here!" "coming." "Sensei" "Late no good" "If you're late once more one, two, three" "I'll knock your block off!" "Understand?" "Now, go away!" "ORAL STATEM ENT" "Name?" "Speak" "Go on" "Name?" "Speak" "Don't kill us" "DON'T KI LL US" " First tell me your name." " Hanchen Dong" " Age?" " 2 8" " Occupation?" " Translation official" "What sort of official is that?" "I turn Japanese into Chinese and Chinese into Japanese" "So... what's his name?" "Kosaburo Hanaya" "Have him tell us himself" "Shoot me." "Kill me." "If you've got the guts." "Cowards" "How come his name's so long?" "Come on, we don't want to be killed" "We don't understand." "Turn it into Chinese" "H is name's Kosaburo Hanaya." "He's 2 5" "Has he killed Chinese men?" "Violated Chinese women?" "Have you killed Chinese men?" "Raped Chinese women?" "Of course." "That's what I came to China for!" "He's new to china." "Hasn't seen any women yet" "He's killed no one." "He's a cook" "What's all this talk?" "They kill me now or I'll kill them." "Why are you doing this?" "I want to anger these cowards." "I won't cooperate with swine!" "Will you two stop chattering?" "Speak slower" "Wait for the questions" "He begs you not to kill him" "What else?" "could you ask him who was that me, person?" "Who was me,?" "Listen" "I want you to tell me who is "me"?" "You?" "Now I'm stumped" "How would I know who you are?" "Not me." "The me, who nabbed you" "Just tell us who brought you here" "If we knew, we wouldn't have let him get us" "You mean you don't know either?" "Where are we anyway?" "Who's interrogating whom." "Stick to the questions" "Just do it" "He begs you not to kill him" "Don't be afraid." "Listen" "I'll read it back to you" "Don't kill us" "Hanchen Dong." "Chinese 2 8." "Translation official" "Don't know" "Kosaburo Hanaya. 2 5" "Japanese" "Just arrived in china." "Hasn't killed anyone cook." "Don't kill me.," "Is that correct?" "Is it?" "More or less" "Well then do what must be done" "Hold on!" "I've got more to say!" "Kill me!" "I'm not afraid to die!" "It's a small unit!" "There are five machine guns!" "You can kill us, but never insult us!" "They have nine telephones, two radio sets " "I'll never surrender!" "Or betray the motherland!" "An ammunition depot!" "We'll be victorious!" "Long live the emperor!" " And 1 4 horses!" " Shoot me!" "That's it!" "Good." "I'm old enough to be your grandfather" "To me, you're still kids" "This business, we were asked to do it" "Give us your fingerprint." "We'll transfer you" "Old Uncle." "He's wounded" "It's bleeding" "Escape" "We've got to escape" "We've got to" "No matter what it involves" "Fool." "There's no escape." "Better to die now" "These peasants won't allow it" "It's the guys who captured us who'll decide our fate" "Idiot." "I want to die" "You don't get it, do you?" "Pig-brain" "Bastard." "What'd you say?" "I said, "You're a clever man. "" "Bastard" " Sensei." " Have some candy" "We're in here!" "Hurry!" "Help us!" "San, what'll we do?" "Help!" "Shut him up!" "Stop shouting!" "Bastards!" " San!" " Help!" " Yell, Dong, damn it!" " Hel p!" "Don't smother him" " Use Japanese!" " Hel p!" " Help!" " Try and shout now" "San, what'll we do?" "Help!" "San!" "San!" "Er Bozi!" "Er Bozi!" "San, are you crazy?" "Get down!" "Get down!" " What are you doing?" "Get down." " Move" "Help!" "We're in here!" "Quick!" "Help us!" " Go on, shout." " Hurry!" "Help!" "What's wrong?" "Shout" "I'll help" "Save us!" "Save us!" "Help!" "A gunboat is passing by" "You think they can hear you?" "I tried out front, and they couldn't hear" "How noisy is that" "It passes here every day." "Shout your head off if you like" "It seems it passes here everyday" "What were you thinking?" "We'll try again next time" "Forget it" "Between the noise of the boat and the band, they'll never hear us." "All right, enough talk." "Eat" "Nothing beats a good meal" "But we'd better change your bandage first" "I'll change your bandage" " I'll change your " " Move over" "It's for your own good, you idiot" "Dong, tell this woman she may touch me now, but I'll touch her later" " More than once or twice." " What did he say?" "And more than just touch." "Just ignore him" "Hanaya, she's helping you" "Don't you have a conscience?" "It's the Chinese who've got no conscience" " First they shoot, then they help." " Stop talking" "Mongrels can't even shoot straight" "If they could, you'd be dead" "I'll kill myself now" "San!" "What the hell is going on?" "What now?" "You faking it?" "You want to kill yourself?" "Use a sharp stone, not wood" "You stupid fucker" " Sister-in-law, ignore him." " I'm not your sister-in-law" "Shut up and eat" "Thank you, brother." "Brother, do me a favor" "Let me go." "We're both Chinese, after all" "Will you shut up?" " Hurry." " I am" "I was captured once before." "captain Eight let me go" "Don't give me that." "I have nothing to do with this" "We'll be pals if you do me a favor" "Of course." "Name it come as you are, leave as you are" "Don't make trouble." "And don't die on me" "All right?" "I'm treating you well enough." "Why are you so thoughtless?" "He's coming to" "I'll tell you one thing." "If you keep this up" "I could get nasty" " Who's there?" " It's me" "Wake up." "It's dawn" "Was it cold last night?" "It wasn't warm" " What's happening in there?" " Quiet so far" "If they don't settle down, they'll be the death of me" "Have a look" "Brother." "I'm so hot." "can't you take this off me?" "I won't kill myself, I promise" "Better hot than dead." "Show some thanks, will you?" "I'd be damn pleased if someone fed me and wiped my ass every day" "But why suffer like this, brother?" "I heard you coughing all night" "You were freezing" "Let's make this simple." "Release us" "I'm not putting your life in danger." "So don't put mine in danger" "All right?" "If I let you go, I'm a dead man" "Why aren't you eating?" "You've got to eat something" "Why isn't he eating?" "Move over" "You" "Lighten up" "You can't live without eating." "You're human come on, have some." "Eat" "That's good" "What the hell?" "Bastard!" "Humiliating an Imperial Army soldier!" "I'll kill you!" "Chinese pig!" " What's he want?" " White flour" "White flour?" "Where am I gonna get that?" "I wouldn't mind some myself." "Just eat" "Don't try to act like a captain-san here" "If he doesn't eat, he'll starve" "Starve?" "Don't eat, then." "But this is it" "Let's go" "I sent them to get flour" "Bastard!" "I'm not eating, And neither are you!" "They'll never find flour" "Without it, you can go on a hunger strike" "They're scared we'll die" "They'll let us go" "We'll be saved" "Fool" "What?" "Flour?" "Do I look like I'm made of flour?" " Eat me, why don't you?" " Now that's silly" "Isn't it a capital crime to hoard that stuff?" "Trying to send me to the gallows?" "Auntie." "This is a matter of decency" "Decency?" "You've a mistress in your bed and Japs in your cellar" "You've got some nerve talking about decency" "Son of a bitch" " You swearing at me?" " No, not you." "Er Bozi" "I'm his mother." "curses at him travel straight to me" "You don't understand." "He swears at me too" "He hasn't kept his word." "He said he wouldn't tell you" "If he lied to me he wouldn't be my son." "He'd be yours" "Whatever you say" "But I really need your help" "Auntie." "You're fond of me, aren't you?" "I've done so much for these two men -- for the sake of the village" "I've slept with my clothes on." "I've spent nights in the cellar" "I've used all my bedding to pad the walls and floors." "I've wrapped those men in my blankets" "That's your fault" "I had no choice." "The Jap's threatening suicide" "He won't eat unless his food's made of white flour." "Otherwise, he'll starve himself" "It's a mess" "If you care about me" "you won't let me leave empty-handed, will you?" "That's exactly how you'll leave today" "A man's going to starve" "Let him starve." "Japs are monsters anyway" "That's no good." "If they starve, our village is done for" "I'd rather die than be a collaborator" "What are you talking about?" "This guy risks his neck to bring 'em, asks us to look after 'em" "And we let 'em starve?" "What's a collaborator?" "That's a collaborator" "Keep talking, there's no flour" "Then... what's in here?" " Nothing." " There's flour inside the chest in a cloth bag" " Who told you that?" " Who?" "The one who keeps secrets." "He tells me stuff too" "That dam n son of mine." "I don't care anyway." "There is none" "Auntie" "How's this?" "I'll repay you double what I take" " Triple it." "There's none." " Four times" "Five times and there's still none" "How about six?" "Seven and I'll give none" "All right, eight then" "Dong." "Teach me some Chinese" " Why?" " I want to swear at them" "To use the most terrible words" "I'll infuriate them and they'll have to kill me" "The Chinese hate people who curse their ancestors" "Bastard!" "Teach me now" "Yes, sir" "cut it out" "At a time like this, thinking of that" "You've heard them call us brother and sister-in-law" "Besides, when I saw Auntie, I told her all about us" "What'd you say?" "I said... it is what it is" "Have you no shame?" "She said no story, no flour" "She wasn't nasty about it" "Things are what they are." "Why not just admit it?" "Don't push it" "They've all been too busy to think about us" "After tonight, when those two leave how can I walk in the streets with everyone talking behind my back?" "What can I do?" "If a big man like you doesn't know, why ask me?" "Well" "I'll... marry you" "You have to anyway" " What are you saying?" " You have no choice" " Who's there?" " Me" "It's him" "It's me" "Don't use that word." "It scares me" "I've got their statement." "When that guy comes give him this." "I'm glad I didn't forget" "Anyway, we've done it" "Right" "Once they've left we can celebrate New Year's all over again" "They're here, Dong" "The time's come" "I hear their footsteps" "I can see them taking up their weapons" "I want to turn the curses you've taught me into bullets to fire at them" "I want to enrage them" "Insult them" "Enrage them" "Insult them" "Dong" "Good-bye forever!" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law!" "You're my granddad, I'm your son!" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "You're my granddad" "I'm your son" "The words are nice." "Why does he sound so angry?" "Japs sound the same whether they're happy or angry" "Why do you think we call them devils?" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law!" "You're my granddad" "I'm your son" "Enough, enough" "I get the message" "But your generations are mixed up." "If I'm your granddad you're my grandson." "Not my son." "See?" "How come they're not angry?" "The Japanese are always cursing them" "They're used to it" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law!" "Okay, okay." "Shush." "Twice is enough" "We've made you dumplings" "Just what you asked for" " Did you teach him that?" " Yes." "It's the spring festival" "I taught him propitious phrases to thank you both" "Nice of you" "Now, eat up." "It's your last chance" "By tonight, you'll be on the road" " Let's bring the table over." " Okay" "Hold on." "We'll set this up." "Eat heartily" "Hoarders" "I'll kill you for sure" " No chance of that." " Why not?" ""On the road" means "to die" in Chinese" "This is our last meal" "We're goners" "Why don't they act like they're gonna kill us?" "Even when the Chinese kill someone, their expression doesn't change" "How are they gonna kill us?" " You afraid of dying?" " Of course not" "I just feel stupid dying this way" "But I'm not afraid" "I won't beg for mercy." "I won't" "Shall we do it?" "Move aside" "Let 'em finish their meal" "Untie them" "Please, one favor" "Send my parents a message for me, in the northeast" "Of course." "Don't worry" "You'll be on the road soon" "And whatever happens, happens" "Enjoy your dumplings" "All right!" "I will!" "And then I'll go on the road" "I lived by my mouth." "Now I'll die by it" "If only I hadn't learned Japanese" "In my next life, I'll come back a mute" "Eat up" "Or we'll be late" "Tell him we've still got to trouble you to get back into those sacks" "What?" "They're putting us back into those sacks" "What now?" "The Japs are like this." "They cry, they sing" "Well, maybe before he goes, we should give him a drink?" "I want a drink" "He'd like a drink" "Just what we were thinking" "Let's get some wine from old man Qi" "San" "Do you think they'll give us a reward?" "Advance" " It's time for lunch." " I'm not going" "Not going to the block house For lunch?" "No." "We're having Chinese chicken today" "You serious?" "Knowhow to get a chicken from a Chinese?" ""Excuse me, may I have a chicken?"" "Idiot." "You wouldn't get a fart that way" "Watch me" "Bastard!" "Handover that chicken!" "Bastard!" "Handover that chicken!" "You're pathetic." "You'll get thrashed." "Watch me" "You gotta stare 'em down." "Act like a devil and scare 'em" "Get it?" "Bastard!" "Give me that chicken!" "Holy crap!" "What the hell?" "Halt!" "Bastard" "You scared the shit out of me" "What you do?" "I'm from the village" "No leave village" " You go back." " Go" "Go over there" "Come here" "Head down" "Here, have another." "Come here" "Stand back" " No go out, understand?" " Yes" " No go out." " I understand" "Understand?" "Son of a bitch" " Understand?" " Yes" " Good." " Yes" "Let's go" "See?" "That's how you deal with them" "I see" "Hold on." "Get it" "Don't let it get away" "Halt" "You're back?" "What's wrong?" "Speak" "What's all this?" "Say something" "I'm going to eat you" "Look, it's him" "You." "Damn it." "What are you doing here?" "I ordered you to stay inside the circle." "Bastard!" "Japanese" "Japanese" "You must be dreaming" "No step out." "Understand?" " Yes." " Maruyama." "The chicken" "captain-san." "This what you're after?" " Bastard." "Handover that chicken." " Forget it, moron captain-san" "Want me to kill it?" " Now you're talking." " Let's sit over there" " No." " Bastard!" "I heard it. "Bastard."" "It's for real" "Japanese speaking Japanese" "Soldiers of the Imperial Army" "You stay here." "I'll get some kids to make noise" "The Japs want more water" "It's true." "There are Japanese up there" "Thank heavens" " How'd they get here?" " I ran into them" " You idiot." " Knock your block off captain-san" "Go fan the fire" "Our chicken is nearly ready" "I'm going to scream" "They still won't hear you" "Hanaya." "I've got an idea" "Don't worry about us" "We've got our own lunch" "We'll save you the bones" "It's goddamn delicious" "Why did he hit you?" " I said knock your block off., - can't you say the opposite?" "Well, you try" "I can only say bakayaro." "It's worse" "Say baka-no-yaro cut the crap." "I'll watch them." "If they head for the cellar" "I'll take 'em on" "Please save us" "Attack!" "Son of a bitch" "Sensei" "San, he's gone inside" "Move." "Move" "What are you doing with that?" "captain-san." "It's for killing the donkey" " Donkey?" " Eat donkey" "This moron is terrified at the very sight of us" "He thinks we can eat a donkey" "Idiot" "♪That pretty maid♪" "♪Is a bird on high♪" "♪I'm going to do my best --♪" "Maruyama." "Get your gun" "What are you doing?" "I'm getting you another chicken" "This guy-- very good" "Save it." "We eat next time" " Understand?" " Yes" " We should be at our posts." " Right." "Playtime's over." "Two telephone lines to set up" "Why's he always waving a knife around?" "Go back." "No move" " You scared?" " Course not." "Not with you around." "Sensei" "Look at this" "Dam n it" "What now?" "That idiot is still inside the circle" "You're something else." "You've got these mongrels worked out" "My respects" "I can teach you a few things." "I'm still learning too" " You?" "Still learning?" " You're never too old to learn" "How was that chicken?" "Delicious" " Fucking bastards." " What are you doing?" "Where's he going?" "Japanese soldiers!" "They're coming!" "Fuck you, J ap." "Fuck" "Fucking bastards!" "Move!" "Turtle-fuckers!" "What the fuck is this about?" "So you pull this on me?" "Trying to get me killed?" "Get this straight" "You try and get me killed and I'll kill you first" "I left the village crossed the river climbed the mountain entered the town went to ask for Pockmarked Li" " Get to the point." " This is the point" "You always leave the village, cross the river" "If I didn't leave the village, how could I cross the river?" " Give me some water." " Go on" " Where was I?" " crossing the river " "Get to the point" " You saw Pockmarked Li." " I didn't say that" " Yes, you did." " I said I saw captain Five" "What did captain Five say?" "He said, "Didn't I tell you what to do?"" "I said, "No, I've never met you before."" "He said, "Are you from Lower Village?"" "I said, "No." "I'm from Rack-Armor Terrace."" "He said, "Rack-Armor Terrace?" "We've never left anyone there." "Do whatever you have to."" "I said, "Like what?"" "He said, "Isn't there a blockhouse there?" "What are you waiting for?" "Do the deed."" "So this captain said "do the deed."" "Yeah." "He gestured like this" ""Do it."" "Tell us again." "What was that gesture?" "Was it like this?" "Or like that?" " Show me again." " Like this?" "Or like that?" " Like this." " So he meant kill 'em" " No." " What do you mean?" "Like this." "Like this" "Of course he meant kill 'em" "Looks like it" "There's an old saying:" "Better to obey than have respects to pay" "Well, better obey then" "Old Uncle, if he wanted us to kill 'em, why didn't he say so?" "Why say "do the deed"?" "Men in high positions can't always say what they mean" "It was so clear." "First those guys yelled out to the brass band" "Then, today, they tagged the chicken" "What's next?" "Our necks are on the line" "Did he say how to do it?" "No" "Or who should do it?" "No." "He doesn't know us." "How could he?" "He knows you" "He thought I was from Lower Village." "I never saw him before" " This is a hard one." " What's so hard?" "There's peeling the skin.," "Japs are all bastards." "More water" "You peel one, I'll throttle 'em" "Twist their necks and bury 'em!" "Shut up" "Bury 'em?" "That's an idea" "So..." " San." " Old Uncle" "It's not that I'm afraid." "How can I put this?" "It's just not right" "We were told to look after them" "We can't just decide to kill them." "It's not good" "Besides, that captain Five who Li u Wang found didn't drop 'em on us" "H is orders don't count" "What if captain Four or captain Seven comes for 'em?" "What then?" "So why don't you go yourself?" "Go find captain Four or Seven" "Don't be stupid" "It's up to you really." "You got them here." "Shouldn't you do it?" "What?" "I got them here?" "You think I went to their homes and invited them round?" "I had a gun to my head." "That's how I got them" "He forced me to look after them." "If we don't, he'll kill us all" "These last six months, I've eaten badly, hardly slept, and I'm in debt" "While you all slept soundly" "I haven't been under a quilt all winter" "Why?" "Isn't it for our whole village?" "Give me that water" "Slurping all over the place" "Dasan's got a point" " Of course I do." " Well..." " Er Bozi?" " Don't look at me like that" "I'm not a coward." "You must have a good reason to do that" "I've got a big mouth." "Just like my mother" "One slip of the tongue and we're all done for" "We are still here because I've kept my mouth shut" "I sensei this and that all day long to keep from talking" "That's my contribution" "Some contribution." "Sensei." "You collaborator" " You do it then." " Well, Li u Wang?" "Me?" "I could do it." "What am I afraid of?" "But let's get this straight" "You know the saying stick your neck out,?" "That's me" "I was nearly killed today" "Why do I go on about the village, the river?" "Because it makes me sick" "In my dreams it's leave, cross, leave, cross" "And you scold me for slurping?" "Give me that" "I'll throttle 'em and we'll dig a pit and bury 'em" "Shut up!" "Shut up!" "If none of you will do it, I will" " That's not right." " No?" "We'll draw lots then." "Fate will decide" "Whoever gets the red bean is it" "Old Uncle, it's too big a job for one person" "Well, add a second one" "Forget it." "I've got both" "Give me some water" "Give him some water" "Here you go, San" "San" "What can I say?" "What's there to say?" "Leave 'em to me." "I'll throttle 'em " "Shut up!" "I need two people." "Helpers" " I'll dig the pit." " So will I" "Good" "You two dig the pit." "Dasan will do the deed" "Let's not put it off." "Let's move tonight." "Agreed?" "Yes" "San." "The hole's ready" "It's right here." "We'll wait down there" "They've brought this over for you" "To help you over the shock" "Er Bozi's mother says don't worry about repaying the flour" "She says try and put it out of your head" " Eat up." "I'm off." " Yu'er" "What is it?" "Yu'er" "Don't touch me!" "Whatever you do, don't touch me" "If for nothing else for the child in my belly" " Are you all right?" " Don't touch me" " Who's there?" " Me" "Stop saying me.," "Here's some food" " Where's your mom?" " She's not coming" "No?" "This is terrible!" "Uncle San" "I'll kill you, turtle-fucker!" "I didn't kill anyone" "That's it" "Advance!" " You." " What's with you?" "Anybody see you?" "No one" "Quick." "Shut the door" "Ma, I'm back" "So you are" "Only one candy today." "What's with Uncle?" "Nothing." "Don't worry" " I'm going to Grandpa's." " Off you go" "Yu'er" "Let's... run away" "We'll take Little Thresher and the old man" "Well?" "Starting tomorrow, don't take them any food" "What?" "If I don't, who will?" "There are Japanese captives inside the Great Wall" "There are Japanese captives inside the Great Wall" "Too long." "The kid'll never remember it." "True" "Nihonjin means uncle" "Chojo is candy" "Iruyo is give" "Repeat after me" "Nihonjin chojo iruyo" ""Japanese inside the Great Wall. "" "You say it" "Japanese inside the Great Wall" "He can do it!" "Japanese inside the Great Wall" "Japanese." "Japanese" "Japanese" "Japs?" "Sensei" "Sensei" "The great Japanese" "The great Japanese have no candy for you today" " chop off my head!" " What are you doing?" "Me too!" "Go ahead!" "I can explain!" " Those guys are at Fenghuotai?" " Yes, inside the wall" "You taking them food?" "They still alive?" " Yes." "Listen " " Why?" "Enough's been said" "First they shout out to the brass band then they tag the chicken" "Now they're using Little Thresher." "Three times unlucky" "We're going to lose our heads" "No doubt about it" " I ask you." "Should they be killed?" " Sure" "So why didn't you do it?" "It's either them or us" "Where'd those guys come from?" "Who brought them?" "What are you saying?" "I don't know who brought 'em here" "You don't?" "It would take at least two men to drag those two sacks." "Even four" "Four?" "Try five or six" "And you saw nothing?" " Don't you have eyes?" " They were closed" "Really?" "You opened the door?" "You did it with your eyes closed?" "No, I closed 'em after" "I say you saw everything" "I didn't." "It was dark." "I couldn't see a thing cut it out." "Tell us what you're getting out of this" "Nothing" "Nothing?" "I don't believe it." "If not, why protect them?" "You said you'd pay me back eightfold." "Where's that coming from?" "Yes, we all see through it now" "You're just bullshitting about the threat to the village" "Who is this killer?" "Let him come" "I'll sit at home and wait." "Is he going to kill me?" "Would he dare?" "Only your life's in danger" " can you pipe down?" " Pipe down?" "What am I afraid of?" "The Japs have been here for eight years" "Eight years" "And have they touched a hair on my head?" "My behavior is right and proper" "Wherever I go, they look up to me" "Ma." "Enough" "Little Thresher, don't hide." "You speak Japanese?" "You can go to the blockhouse but First show Uncle San what you've learned" "Go on" "The Japanese are inside the Great Wall" "Don't hit him!" "H it me if you dare!" "come on!" "I'll be frank" "The child in my belly was conceived the night those men came here" "If Dasan kills 'em, it will curse my baby" "You want us to kill 'em?" "And then you ignore us?" "Dasan looks like a ghost" "Now that they're still alive, you come at us with this business" "We can't do anything right." "You know all the answers" "We didn't kill anybody." "We can't kill and we won't!" "We can't" "I'm afraid." "I couldn't do it" "Yu'er, how can you talk like that?" "We all see what's going on between you and Dasan but have we said anything?" "You defend him like he's your husband" "If you can't kill anyone, why should we?" "You're scared to bear a cursed child." "And us?" "We'll all be cursed souls soon enough" "Dasan." "I want my flour back." "Eightfold." "Pay me back now" "Look at yourself." "Do you look like a man?" "Whether Dasan's a man or not is for me to say" "Don't tell me you'd know better than me" "Wanna go to the blockhouse?" "Go then!" "I'll lead you there!" "No big deal!" "I'll tell you this, though" "If they come down after us, no one will escape" "We'll all pay with our lives." "Who are you threatening?" "If we go, we die and if we stay, we die" "If it's all the same, just behead me now" "Please, get it over with." "Otherwise, I'm not moving" "Say something, Old Uncle" "Good fortune is having no troubles, but misfortune can't be avoided" "I'm the youngest." "Kill me first" "I'm in this too." "Let him kill us all." "Here" "Don't push me" "If you push me, I could do anything" "Fine." "It's not too late for action" " I'll help you dig the trench." " Me too" " Let's do it." " Me?" "Do it?" "I'll run away" "Next" "Come here" " It's all beans." "All right" " Move." " Hold on!" "Halt!" "Show me" "Show me" "This way" "Beard, different with photo" "Cut short" "Understand?" " Cut short." " Short" " Understand, you?" " I understand" "Move it" "Next" "Bearded guy, come here" "Welcome the Japanese to the neighborhood 800 years ago, we were all one brood" "We all write with characters and our soups use pickles" "When they beat us, it really tickles" "If they call me bakayaro, I think it's good" "The Imperial Army gives us "mixi" food" "We love the Imperial Army like family " " Where you from?" " Rack-Armor Terrace" " Name?" " Dasan" " Who sent you?" " Old Uncle" "Old Uncle?" "No wonder you called me brother-in-law" "What's up?" "Well, where to start?" "You want to hi re an assassin" "Am I right?" "Didn't Old Uncle tell you about my marksmanship?" "He said you can hit a fly at 1 00 paces" "That's right -- but with a gun." "A nine-chamber automatic" "The further the target, the more accurate the shot" "Naturally" "There's a blockhouse at Rack-Armor Terrace, yeah?" "Yeah" " The village is as small as an ass cheek?" " Yeah" "How can you use a gun then?" "This is a job for a sword" "But Old Uncle is asking you." "You can't say no, can you?" " can't do it." " You can't do it?" "can't do it" "All right" " What are you doing?" " Going home" "You can go, but you gotta leave the beans" "What?" "You won't help, but you want the beans?" "I can't help you out, but you gotta leave them" "You want to kill a Jap but don't want anyone to know, right?" "Right" " It's a secret, right?" " Yeah" "So, I'll keep your secret." "It's like this" "If I don't take something as payment how can you trust me to keep quiet?" "I don't need your beans." "I just want you to feel okay about this" "Silly man." "You've simply come to the wrong place" "I make tofu." "If you throw in sorghum, would it still be tofu?" "The more sorghum you put in, the less it'll be like tofu" "In the future, remember:" "if you want a swordsman don't go to the one with the gun." "Do you get my logic?" " No." " No?" "Let me show you what I mean" "Attention!" "Attention!" "What'll we do?" "Take a detour" "Halt." "What are we afraid of?" "Running means we've done wrong" "Sensei" "Get down" "They must have lost this battle." "They usually kowtow before me" "They're back." "Yayoi." "Look" "They've been gone so long" "At last they're back" "Yayoi, what's wrong?" "Matsuno?" "Matsuno!" "Idiots!" "Go back Inside!" "What's all this fuss?" "Shameless hussy" "Look at him" "You need wits and bravery" "Silly man" "It's not just a family matter" "Besides, I've got a Chinese heart too" "So you do" "Let's go" "Brother-in-law." "Where are you taking me?" " To the military police." " What?" "To the bathhouse" "You know the em press Tz'u-hsi?" "Yeah" "How about the eight ministers?" "Yeah." "U h, no" "Didn't think you would" "Darlings of the court." "All beheaded" "Know who wielded the sword?" "No" " Old man Li u." " Really?" "The day of the beheadings, a sea of people surrounded North Gate" "It was packed" " South Gate." " Right, South Gate" "Did they come to see the eight ministers?" "No" "They cheered at every head old man Li u cut" "Watching him use his sword was like tasting the finest wine" "They even celebrated it in poems" "Old man Li u, does he worry that people will hate him?" "No." "They never hate him." "They're grateful" "The descendants of those he's executed bring him gifts every day, every year, every generation" "Old man Li u, which generation are we up to?" "See?" "The fifth generation" "Do you know why?" "No" "Because he's helped them up to heaven" "H is blade is like a passing breeze" "Before they know it, they're in the land of the immortals" "Their last vision is of Li u with his sword" "Gratitude wells up within them" "You know how they show it?" "No" "Their head rolls exactly nine times looks back at him and blinks three times" "The corners of their mouths turn up" "You've heard of greeting death with a smile,?" "That's it" "Say no more" "What can I give you to do this job?" "Oh." "If old man Li u likes you, he won't take a cent" "If he doesn't, mountains of gold won't move him" "Say no more." "Old man Li u" "I can't even offer you beans" "But I'll kowtow on behalf of my whole village" ""The Great Wall still stands, yet the emperor ch'in Shih Huang is no more!"" "Few Imperial Army soldiers get taken prisoner" "Fewer still are the prisoners of peasants" "I might be the only one" "Oh, Fate" "At least I've killed about 20 Chinese" "Worthless though their lives were" "Aren't 20 lives worth your one?" "Sure" "The Chinese are people too" "It's a pity" "A soldier should die in battle" "To die at the hands of these peasants is so unheroic" "Heroic?" "I can help you" "How the hell can you help me?" "I could eat your flesh like sashimi" "Shut your traps." "For fuck's sake" "What do you think?" "I'm speechless." "You're a master" "How's the time?" "The moon is bright, the stars are few." "Perfect" "And how are they?" " They've eaten their last meals." " Let's do it" "A Jap?" "I'm speechless" "A Chinese?" " Words fail me." " The Jap first" "collect the corpses" " You've worked hard." " It was nothing" "He's still alive!" "Grab him!" " They're not dead!" " Impossible" "They're jumping around!" "Headless chickens jump around too" "Stop" "But their heads are still on their shoulders" "Let me go!" " Got him?" " Grab him" " What's going on?" " They're not dead" "Try again!" "I'm not called "One Strike Liu" for nothing." "They're just not fated to die" "My brilliant reputation has been destroyed in an instant" "I never imagined that because of you I'd lose my honor" "Especially this late in life!" "Heaven help me!" "Old Uncle." "The slate is clean between us" "All of you take care." "We'll meet again" "But " " But " "Teach me to curse my emperor." "They'd love that" "They don't know who he is" "Teach me to say nice things." "I'll do anything not to be killed" "Hanaya, you've said all the n ice things there are to say" "What?" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "You're my granddad, I'm your son.," " I won't say that again." " Remember?" "I'll never curse them again" "You never did curse them" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "You're my grand dad, I'm your son." "That's what it meant" "You tricked me!" "Educated people are so evil" "I hate you educated people!" " What sort of shitty samurai are you?" " I'm no samurai!" "I'm a peasant!" "My family raises silk Not samurai!" "If a warrior dies with no witnesses, he's no warrior!" "You're no fucking actor either, just a sergeant" "I hate stupid Japanese people like you!" "Low life peasant!" "No fucking dignity at all!" "You're the lowlife!" " Worse than the peasants!" " Bastard" "The people here gave up their own rations to keep us alive these six months" "That woman even dressed my wounds" "She's got feelings for me" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "She'd do the same for me if I was wounded" " You're so pathetic!" " Bastard!" "Stop it." "Stop it" " Shut up!" " Shut up" "It's not going to save your fucking life" "I've got an idea" "Hanaya says if we take them back home, we'll get two carts of grain" "It'll be New Year's Day every day" "Lives for grain" " You go." " You go" " You first." " You first" "Speak" "I say no deal" " I agree." "No deal." " No deal" " Why not?" " Don't know." "Doesn't feel right" " I say let's do it." " Why?" "Why not?" "I al ready said why." "It doesn't feel right" "That's not enough." "What'll we gain by not doing it?" "If you say no, take 'em home yourselves and look after 'em like a wife" "What'll we gain?" "You tell us what the disadvantages are?" "What if that guy comes back for 'em?" "He said he'd be here on New Year's Eve." "Half a year has passed" "What if he never comes?" "We gonna keep 'em our whole lives?" "Does a deal count as collaboration?" "collaboration?" "You always throw that word around" "You help Japs kill Chinese, you're a collaborator" "But asking them for some grain?" "If you return the Jap but don't ask for grain, that's collaboration" "Who grew it anyway?" "We Chinese did" "We've got our backs to the sun." "Our sweat flows, irrigating the soil" "Why should the Japs get it for free?" "I'll take the grain from their mouths and put it in ours" "And not just ours." "All our relatives will get their share" "That's collaborating?" "You'd call me a collaborator for that?" "Well, no" "If everyone was like us and took the Japs and traded 'em in what would the world be like then?" "The Japs would be the collaborators" "Say we agree" " I say no." " Explain yourself" "You're in with sensei, but I slapped Hanaya" "True." "And what about One Strike Liu?" " Say we disagree." " What do you mean?" "I was gonna say" "Li u Wang, the fact you hit Hanaya hardly counts" "How often have the Japs hit you?" "One Strike Liu is a more serious matter" "What do we do then?" "I've been thinking about it" "We'll say the guy who captured 'em came back to kill them" "We talked ourselves blue in the face, but got rid of him saving their lives." "That's believable" " I believe it." " And why not?" "They're not dead" "We saved 'em, didn't we?" "And for that, they're gonna punish you?" "They've got to reward you" "It still doesn't feel right" "Why not?" "I found One Strike Liu, and I'm not worried" "You won't eat food that's put in your mouth?" "Are you a coward?" "I give you men." "You give us grain." "I've done you no wrong" "Would you treat me badly?" "Aren't our hearts made of flesh?" "I'll throttle 'em both" " and twist their necks like fried dough." " Forget the fried dough" "No flour, no fried dough" "Li u Wang is right." "No flour, no fried dough" "If we don't go, we can't get the grain" "Grain." "There'll be enough grain to feed the whole village for a year" "Auntie, I said I'd pay you back eightfold" "It'll be eighty-fold" " You said it, not me." " I sure did" "Forget the two carts of grain" "If it was two carts of shit, I'd still do it" "I'd do it for nothing" "I don't want them another day" "If you're scared, don't come." "Fine." "I'll go myself" "I'll take those two carts of grain bag by bag" "I'll bring it back to you myself." "I'll deliver it and put it in your mouths if I have to." "You'll eat it and be grateful" "And you'll feel remorse in your gut cal m down." "No one said they weren't going" " No." " No" "So, we're going?" "What an effort" "Give me some water" "Why do you have to make him cry?" "Yes." "I'll make the decision for us" "Hanaya wants to see you" "Yes" "Hanaya." "I want to ask you three things" "Answer truthfully" "How will you guarantee our safety and how will you raise the question of the grain?" "I'll tell you how" "We all come from the same county" "Captain Inokichi Sakatsuka is from my village" "We grew up together." "We're friends." "Translate" "He says:" "We all come from the same village." "I know captain Sakatsuka" "We grew up together.," "No wonder." "The same village" " So he's a peasant too." "Just like us." " A son of the soil" "Yes, that's it" "I'm a son of the soil" "But I'm a sergeant too, in charge of food supplies" "The Imperial Army has a policy of rewarding those who help it" "So I can promise you will get your grain" "He says " "And I also want to say that I've been well treated here" "You saved my life." "You'll be perfectly safe." "Translate!" "I'm a sergeant in charge of foodstuffs" "The Imperial Army rewards those who help it." "You'll get your grain" "You've looked after me well" "You saved my life." "Your safety is guaranteed.," "I thought he was a cook." "Now he's a sergeant?" "Brother, I was afraid you were going to kill us." "So I made that up" "Made it up?" "Maybe you've made up all this too" "At a time like this, would I dare?" "What?" "They're afraid I'm making this up" "You better not be, Dong!" "It's a matter of life and death!" "Stop lying" "If I was playing games now" "I'd be the loser" " What are you talking about?" " He's afraid I'm lying" "If I was, I'd only be hurting myself" "Sit back down" "Sit down" "Listen." "I don't care what rank you hold" "Since you've been in our village, we've fed you looked after your wounds, cut your hair and beard" "In your heart, you know we've treated you well" " Very well." "What else is there?" " Ask him" "He says they've fed you, healed you cut your hair and treated you well, right?" "Like members of their own family" "Especially Dasan and his pregnant wife." "They've been great" "You've treated us like family, especially Dasan and his wife" "Look, let's not talk about that" "Don't talk about that" "What's the second question?" "And the second question?" "You answered it before I even asked" "Well is there anything else?" "You've answered everything." "He finally looks happy" "The swordsman wasn't one of you" "I could tell from his accent he was one of those who captured us" "You persuaded him to leave and saved our lives" "I've told him this." "We thank you" "It was nothing" "We were talking about the swordsman" " Nothing to do with you people." " That's right" "So long as you know that" "That's fine" "Sit back down" "Since that's the case, I'll read this back to you" "If you've no problem with it, you can sign it" "They've got an agreement to sign" "The Japanese Kosaburo Hanaya arrived in our village at year's end" "It was cold." "He was frightened disheveled, and wounded by a bullet" "Who brought him here, we do not know" "Six months passed." "Winter turned to summer" "The villagers were kind and righteous" "They did all they could to help -- clothing, sheltering and feeding him despite the hardship" "We've all been through this turmoil." "We'll never forget this experience" "Hanaya in gratitude promised us two carts of grain as a reward" "We happily accepted this offer" "Now Hanaya and his translator return to you" "And hereafter, both sides will live in peace" "Signed by the Chinese and the Japanese.," "Captain!" "Captain!" "Hanaya is back!" "Captain!" "Hanaya is back!" " What's happening?" " Hanaya is back!" "Captain!" "Hanaya is back?" "Yes." "Hanaya is back" "I'm back" "I'm really back!" "I'm back!" " How come he's still alive?" " What happened to h is uniform?" "Did he get taller?" "Attention!" "Captain, sir!" "Kosaburo Hanaya has returned to the ranks!" "Dasan." "Look." "What a mess" "Oh, no" "This is terrible." "Get off." "Off." "Give me a hand" "Pull 'em apart" " Push." " He won't budge" "We didn't plan this" ""We didn't plan this. "" "We didn't tell him to do that" ""We didn't tell him to do that. "" "Fucking hell" "captain-san." "We're so sorry" "Turn around!" "Attention." " Yes, sir" " Know why we're beating you?" " No" "What?" "Stupid pig." " Now you understand?" " Yes, sir" "Say it." "Why are we beating you?" "I shouldn't have come back alive" "You think dying would've solved it?" "Yes, but " "Your name's inscribed in the Yasukuni Shrine" "I've already. informed your father" "You're the goddamn hero of the village." "And now you're back, alive" "You have lost face for the village and the Imperial Army" "Worse, you've returned with a herd of Chinese swine" "Bastard" "They weren't the ones who captured me." "They saved me" "First they captured you, then the pigs saved you" "You know how many died in that battle?" "If they didn't ambush us, who did?" "I was taken to them only after I was shot." "I never meant to surrender." "I" "What are you saying?" "Swine" "Tell us, were you a prisoner or not?" "Speak" "Yes" "I passed out, and when I a woke" "I was tied up in a sack" "Because you passed out, you think it's all right?" "Couldn't you have committed suicide?" "I had no opportunity!" "Bastard!" "You need an opportunity to commit suicide?" "But " " You think you deserve to live?" " Move!" "You bastard." "Why aren't you helping?" "Feel sorry for him, do you?" "You want to forgive him?" "Hanaya wants to say something" " Bastard!" " I'm sorry" "Truly sorry." "So truly sorry" "And that makes everything all right?" "Let him speak." "Soon they'll have you on the rack with chili water up your nose." "Scared?" "Get a grip on yourself" "What are you scared of?" "Everyone's here" "A chopped-off head leaves a big scar." "Blame it all on me" "You can say I captured the Jap" "If we were scared, would we be here?" "We're just hanging around." "Why can't we talk?" "I thought everything was fine until your donkey started acting up." "He's got no sense of timing" "He could have chosen another horse besides the Jap's" "Please forgive me" "Please forgive me" "Please forgive me." "I'm so sorry" "Hanaya, let me read this letter to you" "Yes, sir" "The son of the Hanayas' is a great hero" "Each time I pass by their door, I lower my head in shame" "Hanaya is the pride of our village" "Son." "Kill more Chinese pigs for your father" "Serve the emperor well." "Solemnly yours " "San." "You kept Hanaya locked up for six months couldn't they do the same to us?" "Why do you always think the worst?" "You call that locked up?" "I call it looking after them" "Besides, we didn't capture him." "He wasn't our prisoner" "But now we're locked up here with nothing to eat or drink." "So aren't we the prisoners now?" "Prisoners?" "Don't you have two legs?" "You came here yourself" "If you're a prisoner, you're your own prisoner" "Dad." "How can you sleep?" " This is no good." "Move." " San" "I've got something to say to your captain-san" "Get back!" " I've got something to say " " Get back!" " I've got " " Get back!" " But I must talk to him." " Get back!" "Move again and I'll kill you" "Then " "Kosaburo Hanaya" "On August 15, 1945" "Zixuan Zhao, Dasan Ma" "Kosaburo Hanaya, Hanchen Dong, solemnly agreed to these terms." " Hanaya." " Yes, sir" "You groveled enough." "Why not mention this as well?" "I was about to" " Bastard." " Shut up" "Captain, you don't have to honor the agreement" "Shut up!" "Fool!" "Hanaya left h is fingerprint" "Unlike the Chinese, the Japanese are honorable people" "Get out!" "Yes, sir" " I humbly take my leave." " Get out" " Hanaya." " Yes, sir" "You've signed an agreement" "The Imperial Army honors its pledges." "I have no choice but to carry this through" "Hold on." "In my experience, the Chinese are unreliable mongrels" "If they say east, think west" "I'm sure it's not as simple as it seems." "There must be someone behind this" "Shut up." "Bastard" "Hanaya." "Standup" "This matter" "I'll do this for you" "All right?" "Yes, sir" "Attention!" "Who signed this agreement?" "What, afraid to admit you signed?" "I signed" "Good." "Come here" "Dasan Ma" "Dasan Ma" "Good." "Here, come" "San" "♪Fifty years♪" "♪Passes♪" "♪Like clouds♪" "♪In the sky♪" "♪An illusion♪" "Lieutenant Nonomura" "What is it, Inoue?" "Phone call" "Urgent phone call" "From Western Fortress Town" "They haven't called in over a month" "They must have a mission for us" "Charge!" " Follow me!" " Onwards!" "Is that Old Uncle?" "Old Uncle here" "It's me, Dasan" " Is that San?" " Yeah" "What's up?" "The grain will be there tonight" "It'll arrive by dusk" " What?" " Get everyone together" "Everyone must be there" "Do you understand me?" " What?" " can you hear me?" "Huh?" "What?" "I said, do you understand me?" "I hear you" "I hear you" "Gather everyone together" " Right?" " Right" "San" " Have a safe journey." " I will" "Take care" "Yeah" "I'm finished" "Yes, we know" "Captain." "Lieutenant Nonomura would like a word" "Hello?" "Yes, organize a celebration with the navy and infantry" "He's so far away." "But he sounded like he was in the next room" "Wasn't that amazing?" "It's no wonder " "What are you talking about?" "He says the captain is the kindest of men and the Imperial Army has the finest of things" "Hanaya stayed with you for six months" "He consumed much food and put you out" "So" "I will give you the two carts of grain." "and add four carts as a reward." "Six in all." "How's that?" "Translate" "The captain said, because of the grain eaten by Hanaya he will add four carts as a reward." "Six in all." "How's that?" " Six carts of grain?" " Thank the captain-san" "I'm speechless" "What's he saying?" "His gratitude knows no bounds." "He wishes to kowtow before you" "All right." "Load the carts." "Get their people together." "Hurry up" "Quickly, load the carts, before the Japs change their mind" " Load the carts?" "Great." " come back" " You've got to bow to the captain-san." " captain-san" " Well, San?" " What happened?" "You're going on the rack with chili water up your nose" "They've given us the two carts pl us four more." "Six in all" "That's wonderful!" "Let's load 'em up" "You can slap me if you like" "Go right, Captain" "can you take this for me?" "I want to pick up Yu'er and collect a few others as well" "Won't the old man get angry?" "Don't tell him." "Let him brood." "Forget him" "Okay" "Long live the emperor!" "Company, attention" " Nonomura at your service." " Sakatsuka at yours" "Old Uncle!" "We're back!" "Right turn!" "We've got the grain!" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "You're my granddad, I'm your son" "Where's my stool?" "Rabbit-fucker" "Eat up" "We walk the straight and narrow path" "A healthy foot doesn't fear a twisted shoe" "Eat, drink and be merry" "Lieutenant Nonomura, strike up the band" "I want to say a few words." "Can they play the army theme?" "Oh, dear." "I'm sorry." "The naval tune is the only one we know" "We're just navy reserves, you see" "Music is our little hobby" "Then play your navy song" "You don't mind?" "Attention!" "Straighten up, Horie" " Well?" " Excellent" "Thank you" "How is it?" "Good?" "Woman" "Woman" " Man." " Man" " Woman pl us man equals good." " Good" "Good wine" "Good!" "The army and the navy together have invited the village to this feast." "We've prepared lots of good food" "We hope everyone has a great time" "The army and the navy together " "Don't talk with your mouth full" "Have invited all of you here." "It's a free meal" "So enjoy yourselves" "One, two, three" "♪Leaving home, we b ravel swore to return triumphant♪" "♪How can I die before victory♪" "♪The bugles play The flags float like a sea♪" "♪The earth, grass and trees are on fire The fields stretch out before the eye♪" "♪The Rising Sun flags and helmets advance♪" "♪I pat my horse's mane Who knows one's fate♪" "♪Thinking of today's battle of my comrade covered in blood♪" "♪Dying with a smile♪" "♪Long live the emperor♪" "♪His last, unforgettable cry♪" "A happy occasion lifts the spirits" "Just now, the Imperial Army has played music and sung a song" "What shall we do in turn?" "I am an old man, willing to make a fool of myself" "I'll sing for you" "♪The flowers and willows♪" "♪Love the spring sunshine♪" "♪The moon and wind♪" "♪Love the autumn chill♪" "♪The young maid♪" "♪Loves the talented man♪" "♪The hero♪" "♪Loves valor♪" "I forget the rest" "He said he forgot the rest of the lyrics" "♪You and I, we are an egg♪" "♪I'm the white and you're the yolk♪" "♪The white surrounds the yolk♪" "♪Just as I embrace you♪" "♪Into the wee hours♪" "♪We dance, enthralled♪" "♪Bathed in moonlight♪" "♪We are ecstatic♪" "There's an old saying" "People fear meeting, trees fear stripping" "Tonight I'll also risk em barras sing myself and sing a song" "♪I slipped in to sneak a look at the young man♪" "♪With my fingertip I poked a hole in the window♪" " You know, the paper window?" " Yes, I know" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "Drink!" "Drink!" "♪He was as handsome as a prince♪" "♪Dark brows, big eyes A very special face♪" "♪My heart thrilled to the sight♪" "♪Back home I told my mother♪" "♪She wasn't pleased♪" "♪I made a face and lowered my head♪" "♪I pouted, I turned away♪" "♪I stiffened my neck and threw a fit♪" "♪I said, don't try and marry me to another♪" "The captain praises your singing" "Your mother's a real tease" "If there are more songs like this, there'll be trouble" "Pity they're all sung in chorus" "We sing ours individually" "Why don't you sing one yourself, to entertain us?" "All right" "Kosaburo Hanaya, give these people a song" "Hanaya, standup" "Were you speaking Chinese just now?" "Let's hear it." "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "And?" "You're my granddad, I'm your son" "Translate, Dong" "Happy New Year, brother and sister-in-law" "You're my granddad, I'm your son" "Give me a gun" "Kosaburo Hanaya is the scum of the Imperial Army" "I invite you to shoot him with this gun for our drinking entertainment" "Well?" "Who'll do it?" "Hanaya represents the scum of the army." "The captain invites you to shoot him" "For our drinking entertainment." "Any takers?" "How can he be scum?" "For six months you lived under Nonomura's blockhouse" "Is that true?" "It's no small amount of time" "Why didn't you contact Nonomura?" "If he was on the h ill, don't tell me he couldn't see you" "We had no opportunity" "What do you mean?" " We were locked up in the cellar." " I didn't ask you" "Hanchen Dong spoke the truth" "What?" "You didn't do too badly" "So besides learning some Chinese, what else did you do?" "It's only on account of your promise that I'm feeding these mongrels" "So that explains it" "So, asking them to kill you now is rather appropriate, isn't it?" "Come on." "Execute him, why don't you?" "come on, everyone, shoot him" "If you don't then I take it you forgive him?" "If you don't, that means you forgive him" "Turtle-fucker!" "Nonomura." "A favor" "Can we hear the whole tune from the top?" "Yes, sir" "This is our first visit here" "We'd never heard of Rack-Armor Terrace." "It means "put down weapons. "" "The story goes, a long time ago a famous general retired from battle and came here to live an ordinary life" "The Chinese say to "rack one's armor"" "and return to the fields is an extreme form of virtue" "I wish to express my deep respect" "Although the Japanese Army is fighting in China this won't go on forever" "One day." "I too will rack my armor." "And yet in a place that so dislikes warfare a Japanese soldier of the likes of Hanaya was kid napped and held captive" "It appears Rack-Armor Terrace doesn't deserve its name" "And you are not as wise as your fore fathers" "I've given you your grain" "I've fulfilled my end of the bargain" "But I have a question for you" "Who was it who brought this scum here?" "I don't know." "You have to ask Hanaya" " Hanaya, answer the question." " I really don't know" "Look." "Even he doesn't know." "How could I answer?" "Why not drop it?" "He's been returned." "Isn't that the end of it?" "Well, where's Dasan Ma gone?" "To fetch Yu'er" "Yu'er?" "How many men is she bringing?" "How many guns?" "She's pregnant." "She's staying at her mother's" "As for people, probably two or three." "But no guns" "They'll be back soon." "We're waiting for him to divide the grain" "Divide the grain?" "Surely not" "He's gone to get the men who captured Hanaya" "It looks like he's scared you." "Don't be afraid" "He'll be back soon." "You'll see" "You think I'm afraid?" "course you are." "You've got your guns out" "If that's not fear, what is it?" "Look at me." "I'm eating and drinking" "I'm not worried about anything." "Just relax" "Bastard!" "Why all the cursing?" "I understand bakayaro" "How can you say that?" "You fucking " "Li u Wang!" "Don't let anyone get away" "Don't stop." "Keep playing" "Bastards!" "Surround them!" "Don't!" "Don't go!" "Mongrel." "We should've killed you long ago" "You've got the heart of a wolf" " Translate." " We should've killed you long ago" "New soldiers" "A rare opportunity" " Yes, sir" "Pull it out yourself" "Harder." "Twist it" "Who was it who brought this scum here?" "Where's Dasan Ma?" "The baby's nearly due." "We'll get another share of the grain and I'll marry you" "Turtle-fucker!" "I'll kill you, Jap turtle-fucker!" "Ma!" "Get up." "Standup" "Japanese inside the Great Wall" "Let go." "Go away" "Nonomura." "You've been with them for too long" "You're getting too close to them -- like an auntie to these b rats" " Brat!" "Japanese inside the Great Wall" "Grab him!" "You bastard!" "Drag the old bastard over!" "I'll throttle you, turtle-fucker!" "Let go, you old swine!" "You'd dare strangle an Imperial Army soldier?" "Hold him!" "How come it's not cutting through?" "Let me try" "Stop dicking around!" "Bastard!" "Let me do it." "Move" "Throw him on the fire" "Die, you old mongrel!" "Ma!" "Swine." "You wanna die?" "I'll help you." "Hurry!" "Come on!" "Throw him in!" "Hurry!" "You haven't seen me rest, have you?" "Let's burn the grain and the village!" "Charge!" "Advance!" "Long live the emperor!" "No need for you to die" "The emperor has made a proclamation" "The Imperial Army has racked its armor" "But we weren't defeated on the battlefield" "Such a pity." "On account of this imperial order we have to stop fighting" "The war situation is no longer to Japan's advantage" "The enemy has employed a new, cruel bomb which has taken a toll of many innocent lives" "and has an incalculable destructive power" "Should we continue to fight not only would the Japanese nation be obliterated but human civilization would be extinguished" "Such being the case how are we to save our subjects and atone before the spirits of our ancestors?" "This is why we accepted the joint declaration of the powers" "Very good!" "Go away or I kill you!" "♪The smoke of war has desisted♪" "♪For eight years china resisted♪" "I have no money." "Will you take this?" "All right" "♪We've got the Japs holding their sorry asses♪" "You buy." "Very good" "I'm not buying this" "Fucking J ap." "Go blow up your mother with it" "Bastard." "I'll kill you" " china, U K, US, USSR!" " Together no one beats us!" "Quick, move this garbage" "I don't understand" "I'm sorry, sir." "I don't understand you" "Do you want to buy something?" "I'm ordering you back to the barracks" "In Tokyo, in Japan, these are very valuable" "I'm ordering you to stand still" "I'll throw in the hat for nothing" "♪And so the invasion has come to an inglorious end♪" "♪We welcome this day of victory♪" "♪And the recovery♪" "♪Of our beautiful land♪" "Move it." "But we were singing for them." "Do we deserve this?" "Fucking bastards" " Company, attention." " One, two, three, four" "Right" "Attention!" "At ease" "Reporting to the major." "All46Japanese POWs are here" "Reporting to the major:" "All 46 Japanese POWs are gathered here" "Good." "Back to your ranks" "Back to ranks" "As for those scum who aided the Japanese to slaughter their own com patriots" "we will not treat them lightly" "Bring Hanchen Dong here" "You have aided tyranny and avoided arrest." "Your crimes are great" "Your hands are stained with Chinese blood" "Only execution will quell the masses, anger" "Do you have anything to say?" "Is there anything you can say?" "Reporting to the major:" "He's laughing" "Laughing?" "Sure he's not crying?" "Reporting to the major:" "He's definitely laughing" "Well, he can go laugh in the netherworld!" "com patriots, if you know of other such scum report them immediately." "There will be a reward" "I now order the immediate execution of the collaborator, Hanchen Dong" "cigarettes for sale cigarettes" "Brother." "Wife" "Understand?" "You're Japanese?" "Yes." "Japanese" "Woman" "Work... girl" "My... your... work... wife" "Her... your..." "little sister... work" "Don't you understand?" "can we come home with you?" "No, we don't want to buy cigarettes" " Go away." " Look." "Someone's coming" "I wanna buy cigarettes." "Smokes" "It's going to rain." "Be quick" "I'll have a pack of cigarettes cigarettes" "Goodman" "Can I have two for free?" "Give me a light" "A light?" "Goodman" "Turtle-fucker" "Murder!" "commander Liu!" "There's trouble!" "commander Liu, trouble!" "Help!" "What the hell's going on?" "What are you doing?" "Grab him!" "Stop it!" "Help!" "Dasan Ma!" "What are you doing?" "Turtle-fucker!" "Chinese Army, help!" "Stop!" "Thank you, Chinese Army." "Thank you" "The Japanese have surrendered." "The war is over" "Peace has come at last" "Yet in the last few days one man has violated the agreement which Generalissimo Chiang" "President Truman, Prime Minister Churchill and Stalin in the interest of world peace, signed at Potsdam thus disturbing the social order and terrorizing people" "That person is Dasan Ma, who you see before you" "Perhaps some will say Dasan Ma only killed Jap devils, and call it "resistance., But what is "resistance,?" "Battles fought with Japanese troops, the struggle against invasion" "Those are acts of resistance" "But Dasan Ma's wanton slaughter of POWs who had lost the will to resist was a false resistance" "Perhaps some will argue that such profound hatred was the result of Japanese atrocities" "Who of our 400 mill ion com patriots doesn't hate the Japanese?" "My own parents were killed by Japanese bombs" "My left leg" "was shattered in the final battle" "Who could be more motivated to kill former Japanese soldiers?" "Who has the best reason for revenge?" "Me." "Major Gao" "And who is most constrained from such action?" "Me." "Major Gao" "Because I am a soldier, I must follow orders" "I take this opportunity to reissue this warning:" "only Nationalist soldiers can legally accept the surrender of Japanese troops" "War hasn't only brought catastrophe to china but to the people of Japan as well" "Are they not human too?" "I ask you." "Who among you would tolerate to see your husband's head chopped off?" "Anyone?" "No one!" "I ask you too." "Who among you would wish to see your wife, on her way to buy a bolt of cloth have her hand cut off?" "Anyone?" "No one!" "Dasan Ma." "Do you have anything to say for yourself?" "Is there anything you can say?" "Gag him" "Listen, everyone" "Ever heard a cry to heaven,?" " He is braying like a mule." " That's a cry to heaven.," "What distinguishes man from a beast?" "You don't deserve to be called Chinese" "You don't even deserve to be called human" "How can a Chinese soldier sully his hands with the blood of such scum?" "Inokichi Sakatsuka" "Inokichi Sakatsuka" "Attention!" "I nokichi Sakatsuka" "I order you to execute Dasan Ma" "Shoot him" "He orders you to carry out the execution" "Really?" "That's what he said" "What?" "You dare to disobey my command?" "We've put down our weapons." "We cannot use firearms" "I could obey your order, using a Japanese sword" "It's our customary weapon" "Translate that bit about the sword accurately" "Reporting to Major Gao:" "We've al ready handed in our firearms" "We're not permitted to use them anyway" "However, we must obey your order" "The Japanese warrior always carries a sword could he use a sword?" "What a pain." "Okay, give him a sword" " What a good story this is." " Indeed" "We'll write a great skit about this" "Kosaburo Hanaya" "Hanaya" "Reporting to Major Gao:" "The preparations are complete" "Please issue the go-ahead" "The preparations are complete" "Please issue the go-ahead" " Do it!" " Yes, sir!" |
The present disclosure relates to a gas turbine engine and, more particularly, to fuel nozzles with passages for both a liquid and a gas.
Gas turbine engines, such as Industrial Gas Turbines utilized in power production, mechanical drives as well as aero engines in commercial and military aircraft, include a compressor section to pressurize airflow, a combustor section to burn a hydrocarbon fuel in the presence of the pressurized air, and a turbine section to extract energy from the resultant combustion gases.
The combustor section includes a multiple of circumferentially distributed fuel nozzles that project into a forward section of a combustion chamber to supply fuel to mix with the pressurized airflow. The fuel nozzles may simultaneously utilize different types and combinations of fuel such as Jet-A, diesel, JP8, natural gas and others. Further, to facilitate lower NOx emissions, water may be injected though the nozzle as well.
Conventional dual fuel nozzles for aeroderivative industrial gas turbines employ separate passages for a gas and a liquid fuel. Aeroderivative industrial gas turbines are often designed to be as common as possible with the aero version to reduce cost. The fuel nozzle, however, is typically substantially different as industrial engines operate with both natural gas and liquid fuels, as well as combustor water injection. This may increase the size of the fuel nozzle and drive costly redesign of the combustor and diffuser case. |
[Pharmacokinetics of zotepine and various factors affecting that of zotepine].
The single dose kinetics of zotepine, and effects of smoking and cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) on the kinetics, together with pharmacokinetic interaction between zotepine and diazepam were investigated. 1) The pharmacokinetics of zotepine was investigated in 14 healthy volunteers, and was compared between 7 extensive metabolizers (EM) and 7 poor metabolizers (PM) of CYP2C19 or between 8 smokers (S) and 6 non-smokers (NS). 2) In 17 patients treated with zotepine alone, intraindividual changes in the plasma concentrations of zotepine before and after coadministration of diazepam were examined. The time of the maximal plasma concentration and the elimination half-life of zotepine in 14 volunteers were about 4 hours and 21 hours, respectively, which were found to be much longer than previously reported data. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the EM and PM groups or between the S and NS groups. The plasma concentrations of zotepine were significantly increased after coadministration of diazepam. Consequently, it is suggested that smoking does not affect the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of zotepine, and that the metabolism of zotepine is not mediated by CYP2C19. Elevation in the plasma concentrations of zotepine after coadministration of diazepam may be caused by the inhibitory effect of diazepam on zotepine metabolism. As a plausible explanation for this, the metabolism of zotepine and diazepam may be commonly mediated not by CYP2C19 but by cytochrome P450 3A4, and the pharmacokinetic interactions may result from competitive inhibition between these two drugs. |
Merging ecology and genomics to dissect diversity in wild tomatoes and their relatives.
To understand the origin, history, and function, of natural biological variation, from nucleotide to community levels, is a fundamental promise of ecological genomics. The most fruitful systems for this work are those that possess both ecological and genomic resources. Such systems provide an opportunity to precisely dissect genetic and developmental mechanisms, and to connect genotypes to phenotypes, as well as to directly demonstrate the ecological and evolutionary relevance of this phenotypic variation. Here we synthesize findings emerging from our efforts to understand two fundamental evolutionary processes - speciation and adaptation - using ecological genomics approaches. Many of these studies have been in the wild tomato clade (Solanum section Lycopersicon), a group that has both exceptional diversity and genomic tools. We also highlight the expanding taxonomic reach of this work, especially in two genera - Capsicum and Jaltomata - that are closely related to Solanum. Parallel approaches in these ecologically and reproductively diverse clades enable us to examine novel questions and traits that are not captured within Solanum, while leveraging the power of comparative studies to understand shared ecological and evolutionary patterns. By synthesizing findings from phenotypic, ecophysiological, genetic, and comparative perspectives, our ultimate goal is to understand the complex mechanistic and evolutionary contributions to the formation of new traits and species diversity. |
Do asthma patients with panic disorder really have worse asthma? A comparison of physiological and psychological responses to a methacholine challenge.
Panic disorder (PD) has been linked to worse asthma outcomes. Some suggest that asthmatics with PD have worse underlying asthma; others argue that worse outcomes are a result of their tendency to over-report symptoms. This study aimed to measure physiological and psychological responses to a simulated asthma attack (methacholine challenge test: MCT) in asthmatics with and without PD. Asthmatics with (n = 19) and without (n = 20) PD were recruited to undergo a MCT. Patients completed subjective symptom questionnaires (Panic Symptom Scale, Borg Scale) before and after a MCT. Physiological measures including heart rate (HR), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) were also recorded. Analyses, adjusting for age and sex, revealed no difference in methacholine concentration required to induce a 20% drop in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1: F = 0.21, p = .652). However, PD patients reported worse subjective symptoms, including greater ratings of dyspnea (F = 8.81, p = .006) and anxiety (F = 9.44, p = .004), although they exhibited lower levels of physiological arousal (i.e., HR, SBP/DBP). An interaction effect also indicated that PD, relative to non-PD, patients reported more panic symptoms post-MCT (F = 5.05, p = .031). Asthmatics with PD report higher levels of subjective distress, despite exhibiting lower levels of physiological arousal, with no evidence of greater airway responsiveness. Results suggest that worse outcomes in PD patients may be more likely due to a catastrophization of bodily symptoms, rather than worse underlying asthma. Interventions designed to educate patients on how to distinguish and manage anxiety in the context of asthma are needed. |
Flexible films, particularly those made of comparatively inexpensive polymeric materials, have been widely employed for the protection and preservation and containment of various items and materials. Additionally, web materials having modified properties to provide a desired resistive force to an applied elongation force on the web are generally known. Such web materials are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,518,801; 6,394,651; and 6,394,652.
The term “flexible” is utilized herein to refer to materials that are capable of being flexed or bent especially repeatedly such that they are pliant and yieldable in response to externally applied forces. Accordingly, “flexible” is substantially opposite in meaning to terms “inflexible,” “rigid,” or “unyielding.” Materials and structures that are flexible therefore may be altered in shape and structure to accommodate external forces and to conform to the shape of objects brought into contact with them without losing their integrity. Flexible films of the type commonly available are typically formed from materials having consistent physical properties throughout the film structure, such as stretch, tensile, and/or elongation properties.
Flexible film webs that have deformations formed in them are known. A known method for forming such films is by passing a continuous web between a pair of matched forming rollers to form an intentional pattern of deformations on the film. Illustrative of the state of the art with regard to such continuous webs and film materials having intentional patterns of deformations formed therein are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,554,093; 5,575,747; 5,723,087; and 6,394,652. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide web materials that exhibit differential elastic-like behavior in the direction of applied elongation without the use of added materials. As used herein, the term “elastic-like” describes the behavior of web materials that, when subjected to an applied elongation, the web materials extend in the direction of applied elongation. When the applied elongation is released, the web materials return to a substantial degree to their untensioned condition. While such web materials exhibiting an elastic-like behavior have a wide range of utility (for example, durable articles of apparel, disposable articles of apparel, covering materials such as upholstery, wrapping materials for complex shapes, and the like), they are particularly well suited for use as top sheets, back sheets, absorbent cores, and absorbent articles and for materials suitable for the containment of matter. |
Determination of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol as contaminant in drinking water.
An analytical procedure for the determination of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2-EH) in drinking water is presented. The method is based on volatile-compound stripping, adsorption on activated-charcoal-filled tubes, solvent elution, identification by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and determination by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Bottled samples with undesirable organoleptic characteristics were analyzed to determine a possible correlation with the presence of 2-EH. The presence of 2-EH at 2-10 micrograms/L was confirmed in several samples. The presence of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (D2EHP) was also checked in all samples. This compound was always found at 2-30 micrograms/L. Hydrolysis of D2EHP was carried out for 2 weeks to evaluate its possible contribution to water contamination by 2-EH. Tests did not show measurable amounts of the alcohol. Nonetheless, the hydrolysis of phthalates in the weakly acidic conditions of the examined waters would not justify the presence of 2-EH at the observed levels, and so it is reasonable to hypothesize a direct contamination from packaging materials containing 2-EH as residue from D2EHP synthesis. |
Contrary to the frequent predictions that we will one day live in a "paperless society", paper, and other printed mediums, are playing an increasingly important role as an inexpensive, effective and convenient means for communication. A fundamental limitation with paper, however, is that from a computer standpoint, it is currently an output-only format. While paper may be the preferred medium for displaying information for human use, it is difficult, if not impossible, for a computer to recover data reliably once it has been printed. Optical character recognition (OCR) attempts to solve this problem in a relatively simple domain, such as text rendered using standard fonts, but has met with only limited success thus far. While accuracy rates of ninety-nine (99%) percent are perhaps achievable and may seem impressive, a page with 3,000 characters will still incur an average of thirty (30) OCR errors and hence requires expensive and time consuming manual post-processing.
Another approach uses computer readable barcodes which may be included directly on paper (or other printed medium such as microfilm). Once encoded, such barcodes can be used by the computer to recover information evident to the human reader but difficult for a computer to recognize (e.g., printed text), information implicit to the creation of page but essentially invisible to the human reader (e.g., spreadsheet formulas), or any other information desired, whether or not dependent on the actual character text on the paper.
Computer readable barcodes, wherein digital data is recorded directly on paper, are known and have been utilized to provide document or product identification given a fixed set of values using simple numeric encoding and scanning technologies. Document or product identification systems which have been employed in the past include barcode markers and scanners which have found use in a wide range of arenas. With respect to paper documents, special marks or patterns in the paper have been used to provide in formation to a related piece of equipment, for example the job control sheet for image processing as taught by Hikawa in U.S. Pat. No. 5,051,779. Similarly, identifying marks comprising encoded information have been printed on the face of preprinted forms as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,060,980 to Johnson, et al. The Johnson, et al. system provides for a user entering hand drawn information in the fields on a paper copy of the form and then scanning the form to provide insertions to the fields in the duplicate form that is stored electronically in the computer. Still another system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,091,966 of Bloomberg, et al., which teaches the decoding of glyph shape codes, which codes are digitally encoded data on paper. The identifying codes can be read by a computer and thereby facilitate computer handling of the document, such as identifying, retrieving and transmitting such document.
Besides the various shaped barcodes described above, two-dimensional barcodes called "data strips" having a plurality of rows of "data lines" that represent information digitally encoded on printed media are also known in the art. Each data line row consists of a series of black and white pixels each representing binary "0"s and "1"s. The ordering of the bits in each row determines the digital data stored therein. The data stored within the totality of the rows define the data contained in the two-dimensional barcode. Typically, to read the barcode, the user passes a hand scanner, which simultaneously reads the information in each data line row, vertically along the length of the barcode to read all of the data line rows.
An example of a prior art system using a data strip two-dimensional barcode having rows of data lines with paper media, is found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,692,603, 4,754,127 and 4,782,221 of Brass, et al. In this system, two-dimensional barcodes consist of data line rows which are used to encode computer programs and data on paper and are scanned by use of a hand scanner. In addition to encoding the computer programs and data, these data lines also contain tracking and synchronization bits, hereinafter referred to as "clock bits". The requirement for use of numerous clock bits directly within each data line row, significantly reduces the amount of digital data that can be stored within each row. Further, if data line rows having clock bits are damaged, which is common if such barcodes are photocopied or transmitted by facsimile systems, such clock bits would be lost making it difficult, if not impossible, to decode the information encoded in the barcode. Other examples of two-dimensional barcodes include: (1) U.S. Pat. No. 5,083,214 to Knowles, which describes a two-dimensional barcode system that requires clock bits embedded within the encoded data itself; and (2) U.S. Pat. No. 4,924,078 to Sant'Anselmo et al., which describes a two-dimensional barcode system in which an orientation and/or timing cell border is included within the body of the barcode itself.
In addition, in co-pending patent application "A Clock-Free Two-Dimensional Barcode and Method for Printing and Reading the Same", (Ser. No. 08/569,280, filed Dec. 8, 1995) ("the '280 Application"), the contents of which are explicitly incorporated by reference herein, a clock-less two-dimensional barcode with a border on at least one of the four sides of the barcode is described, which border is placed outside the confines of the barcode itself. The two-dimensional barcodes are sometimes called "PanaMarks".RTM.. As depicted in FIG. 1A herein, two-dimensional barcode 10 is printed in the low right hand corner of printed page 11, although this position is completely arbitrary. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 1A, the remaining portion of printed page 11 is occupied by printed text 12. However, as one skilled in the art will appreciate, any type of computer-generated printed material, for example a spreadsheet or graphics, can be substituted for the printed text 12. The two-dimensional barcode 10 depicted in FIG. 1B herein includes a border 13 that is present on all four of its sides. As is fully described in the '280 Application, although the border 13 is only needed on one of the four sides of the two-dimensional barcode 10, for aesthetic reasons it is typically included on all four sides.
Also, in co-pending patent application "A Borderless Clock-Free Two-Dimensional Barcode and Method for Printing and Reading the Same", (Ser. No. 09/088,189, filed Jun. 1, 1998) ("the '189 Application"), the contents of which are explicitly incorporated by reference herein, a clock-less two-dimensional barcode without a border (shown in FIG. 2 herein) is described, along with methods of printing and reading the same. Two alternate symbologies for the barcode are presented in the '189 Application, a first symbology which requires that the four corner bits 21 to be black (when printed on a white background), and a second symbology in which no black corner bits 21 are required. As such, two alternate methods for reading the barcode of FIG. 2 are described in the '189 Application, a first method which operates on the barcode which does not require corner bits, as described by the flowchart in FIG. 8A therein and the description related thereto, and a second method which operates on the barcode which is required to have corner bits, as described by the flowchart in FIG. 8B therein and the description related thereto. Although the two methods of reading the barcode described in the '189 Application provide satisfactory results, it was found that when the barcode was printed on a page with a complex background, the results provided by the locate step 70 of FIGS. 8A and 8B of the '189 Application, which is described therein in conjunction with FIGS. 9A and 9B, were less than optimal, particularly in the presence of single line noise conditions (i.e., an arbitrarily line across the barcode having a width less than or equal to the width of a bit block within the barcode, which can often occur in faxed documents and documents printed by poorly maintained printers). In addition, it was found that changes in the Hough Transform skew angle estimation step 71 of FIGS. 8A and 8B of the '189 Application could be made to increase processing speed. Also, because of the increased processing speed of the Hough Transform skew estimation step of the present invention, the template matching skew angle estimation step 71 of FIG. 8B of the '189 Application, which requires that the barcode include corner bits, decreasing the number of bits that could be stored within the barcode, and has a less than optimal processing speed, is no longer required.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of decoding information digitally encoded in the form of a border-less clock free two-dimensional barcode printed on a printed medium which is able to operate in the presence of complex backgrounds.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide a method of decoding information digitally encoded in the form of a border-less clock free two-dimensional barcode printed on a printed medium which has an improved processing speed.
It is yet a further object of this invention to provide a method of decoding information digitally encoded in the form of a border-less clock free two-dimensional barcode printed on a printed medium which does not include corner bits.
It is another object of this invention to provide a method of decoding information digitally encoded in the form of a two-dimensional barcode printed on a printed medium which may or may not include a border.
Various other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent from the ensuing detailed description and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims. |
The present invention relates in general to leash assemblies and devices for collecting animal litter. More particularly, the present invention relates to a leash assembly incorporating bags into a handle of the leash assembly.
The rapid increase of urban population coupled with the increasing popularity of dogs and other pets has created a serious sanitary problem in connection with the disposal of animal litter, and particular canine litter. Because many animal pet owners have permitted their animals to deposit solid excrement on both private and public property, a number of communities have enacted ordinances requiring pet owners, under penalty of fine, to retrieve and dispose of lifter created by their pets.
It has been found that the willingness of pet owners to retrieve and properly dispose of animal litter is related to the ease, convenience and economy with which the litter may be handled in a clean and sanitary manner. While a number of devices have been proposed for the purpose of disposing of animal litter, they have suffered from various shortcomings. Some devices are not completely disposable and, therefore, require some degree of cleanup. Other types of devices, both of the disposable and reusable varieties, are awkward and/or conspicuous to carry. Moreover, some prior animal lifter collection devices are too expensive for everyday use.
One commonly accepted method for collecting and storing animal litter until a proper disposal site can be found involves the use of a disposable plastic bag. Some pet owners will simply place a plastic bag, such as a plastic grocery bag, in a clothing pocket for retrieval when needed. This method of collecting animal lifter presupposes, however, that the pet owner will always have access to and remember to grab a plastic bag prior to walking the pet. There have been proposals to provide devices which would store plastic bags within a container that may be worn by the owner or the pet. Each of these prior devices, however, suffers several disadvantages which the present invention is intended to overcome.
The retractable leash has been gaining popularity for the last twenty years and has taken its place as a permanent pet product. Some have recognized the desirability of providing an easy way to carry pet waste cleanup bags when going for a walk utilizing such a retractable leash. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,540,469 discloses a retractable leash placed into an animal waste collecting device which incorporates its own handle, bag holder and flashlight. It is believed, however, that such an assembly involves apparatus and associated costs which are undesirable.
Accordingly, there is a need for a leash assembly which provides access to bags when needed. There is a further need for a leash assembly which incorporates bags into the leash assembly. The present invention fulfills these needs and provides other related advantages. |
Cybersecurity threat vectors are paths that malefactors use to gain access to computing assets, such as devices or networks of devices, in order to acquire command and control of such assets and thereby advance nefarious objectives. Threat vectors, for instance, exploit misconfigured firewalls, unsecured wireless routers, wired modems, infected laptops located elsewhere that can access the network behind the firewall, infected USB keys, or known or unknown vulnerabilities in software running on computing assets.
Often there are a number of vulnerabilities in computing asset defenses. Given a set of vulnerabilities associated with a computing asset, a threat vector can be conceptualized as being drawn through some subset of the vulnerabilities, with the threat vector exploiting each of the vulnerabilities in the subset in a sequential ordered process. For instance, a first such vulnerability of the computing asset may be exploited to deliver a weapon. Then, a second such vulnerability may be exploited to install the weapon on the computing asset. A third such vulnerability of the computing asset may then be exploited to obtain command and control over the computing asset in order to achieve a nefarious objective. In this example, the threat vector encompasses the three vulnerabilities of the computing asset and exploits them in a sequential ordered process.
In some instances, multiple different threat vectors are applied against a computing asset in a brute force attack. That is, system vulnerabilities are discovered and exploited rapidly in a brute force manner. In other instances, a single threat vector, from among all the theoretically possible threat vectors, is implemented over a long period of time in order to obviate discovery of the breach in security of the computing asset. In any event, in modern computing assets, it is typically the case that the security of the computing asset is breached by the execution of a chain of events, and this chain of events is termed a threat vector.
In some situations, vulnerabilities that may form the basis for a threat vector are discovered through reconnaissance. Attempts are then made to exploit each of the vulnerabilities, often by firing off automated exploit attempts to see which one of the vulnerabilities can be successfully exploited in order to compromise the computing asset defenses and gain access to an interior environment of the computing asset. Once access to an interior environment is reached, attempts are made to use the interior environment as a jump point, thereby creating several different chains of attack, known as fish bones. That is, the jump points are used to find more vulnerabilities deeper in the interior of the computing asset until enough of the computing asset is compromised to exploit and compromise the computing asset (e.g., obtain command and control of the computing asset in order to shut a process down, implement a foreign process, alter a process, destroy computer code, steal data or computer code, etc.). The successive exploitation of vulnerabilities within the computer defenses constitutes a threat vector. Associated with the threat vector is a velocity with which the attack can be done, the velocity with which data or computer code can be taken out (in instances where the threat vector is designed to acquire data or compute code), and the route that it takes.
To protect computing assets against threat vectors, threat vector analysis is done. Such an analysis starts by evaluating each of the possible vulnerabilities of a computing asset. For instance, in the case where the computing asset is a networked system, all the exterior systems of the networked system are evaluated, all the ports on such exterior systems are evaluated, and so forth. Then, for specific threat vectors, very specific preventive actions, known as kill chain actions are developed. Kill chains implement specific controls or methods that break the chain of a corresponding threat vector in as many places as possible. The more places where the chain of vulnerabilities that constitutes a threat vector are blocked, the more effective the kill chain. For higher value computing assets, kill chains are designed that break every link in the vulnerabilities that constitute a corresponding threat vector. For instance, a kill chain may put some control in place to make sure that certain events can't happen.
In the art, kill chains are preemptive. That is, they implement a safeguard strategy that prevents certain events from happening on protected computing assets. There are many types of preemptive kill chain tools. For instance, network filters can be used to filter out illegitimate traffic, such as traffic to TCP port 445 in instances where such traffic is undesirable. Network intrusion prevention systems can be used to scan embedded data of legitimate network traffic for signatures of known attacks. Network connections or packets containing recognized attacks can be dropped and only clean data delivered to the computing assets. If an attack is not recognized and stopped by the network filters or the network intrusion prevention systems and thus reaches an application running on the computing asset, then a host intrusion prevention system can be used to proactively detect attempts to exploit vulnerabilities in code to execute guarded system calls. Examples of such vulnerabilities, of which there are many, include vulnerability CVE-2009-0658 in the Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF), documented by ADOBE on Feb. 19, 2009 and patched Mar. 10, 2009, and CVE-2009-0556 in MICROSOFT POWERPOINT, which was discovered Mar. 23, 2009 and patched on May 12, 2009. See Hutchins et al., 2011, “Intelligence-Driven Computer Network Defense Informed by Analysis of Adversary Campaigns and Intrusion Kill Chains,” Leading Issues in Information Warfare and Security Research 1, ed. Julie Ryan, Good New Digital Books, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Further still, if the above identified preemptive defenses are not successful then behavior blocking can be enacted to prevent various types of threat vectors by detecting dangerous anomalies in application behavior such as launching unrelated external executable files, tampering with the content of executable files, or discovering processes that are commanding excessive computer resources. Products that have incorporated multiple such preemptive defenses have been marketed, and include Kerio ServerFirewall, Kerio Technologies, 2005.
However, what are lacking in the art are satisfactory methods for enacting automated kill chains that include countermeasures. While the above-described safeguards are general safeguard measures to apply in order to protect against threat vectors, countermeasures specifically counter specific threats. That is, a countermeasure breaks the chain of vulnerabilities exploited by a threat vector in real time or near real time upon detection of an explicit threat associated with the threat vector. As such, countermeasures are more effective against threat vectors then safeguards. Countermeasures are not found in automated kill chains because system administrators are adverse to the collateral damage often associated with automated countermeasures. For instance, consider a computing asset that is a web service used by customers. If there is an automated countermeasure system or an intrusion-prevention system that is in place, an intelligent attacker can actually leverage that countermeasure automation against the computing asset. For instance, the hacker can find out who all the best customers are and craft an attack that causes the countermeasure to block all the best customers from getting to the web service. This would force the system administrator to have to unwind the countermeasure, and in all likelihood, cause a significant loss in revenue. This example provides a simple demonstration of why defenses that fire automated countermeasures against detected threat vectors have been found to be unsatisfactory to system administrators.
Thus, given the above background, what is need in the art are satisfactory kill chain procedures that can launch automated kill chains that include countermeasures in response to specific threats. |
Determining the elements of procedural quality.
The definition and determination of quality health care is an important topic. The purpose of this study was to develop a longitudinal method to define a quality procedure by creating a formal approach to pre- and postoperative outcomes documentation. The authors worked to define quality outcomes by first documenting the patient's condition. Goals were determined together by the surgeon and the patient and then were evaluated to see if those goals were met. The population consisted of cancer patients with newly diagnosed metastatic brain disease who were scheduled to undergo stereotactic radiosurgery. Surgeons recorded perioperatively objective information related to preoperative goals, clinical findings, surgical performance and/or error, and whether goals were met. In addition, patients completed pre- and postprocedure questionnaires (Rand 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey 1.0 [SF-36]). Procedural goals, defined as completing radiosurgery without error or complication and same-day discharge, were met in all patients. The clinically predetermined goal of tumor palliation was met in all but 1 patient at follow-up. The SF-36 scores remained stable except for the general health domain, which was lower (p = 0.006). Procedural goals can be defined and objectively measured serially. The authors think that quality care can be defined as a process that achieves predefined goals without significant error and maintains or improves health. |
Commercial processes for the manufacture of vinyl aromatic compounds such as monomeric styrene, divinyl benzene and lower alkylated styrenes (such as alphamethylstyrene and vinyltoluene) typically produce products contaminated with various impurities, such as benzene, toluene and the like. These impurities must be removed in order for the monomer product to be suitable for most applications. Such purification of vinyl aromatic compounds is generally accomplished by distillation.
However, it is well known that vinyl aromatic compounds polymerize readily and that the rate of polymerization increases rapidly as the temperature increases. In order to prevent polymerization of the vinyl aromatic monomer under distillation conditions various polymerization inhibitors have been employed.
In general, the compounds which are commercially employed as such polymerization inhibitors are of the U.S. Pat. No. 2,526,567, show the stabilization of nuclear chlorostyrenes employing 2,6-dinitrophenols. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 4,105,506, to Watson, discloses the use of 2,6-dinitro-p-cresol as a polymerization inhibitor for vinyl aromatic compounds.
In addition, it has been disclosed by Butler et al, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,466,905, that, in the presence of oxygen, the presence of phenylenediamines in the distillation column with 2,6-dinitro-p-cresol will further reduce the amount of polymerization which occurs.
While dinitrophenols are effective polymerization inhibitors, there are several disadvantages associated with their use, either alone or in blends. For example, dinitrophenols are solids that, if subjected to temperatures above their melting points, are unstable and may explode (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,457,806).
Moreover, dinitrophenols are highly toxic, many having an LD.sub.50 (rat) of less than 30 mg/Kg (Sax, Hazardous Properties of Industrial Chemicals).
Recently, it has been disclosed by Kolich, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,633,026, that halogenated vinyl aromatic compounds (such as bromostyrene) may be inhibited from polymerizing by the addition of an amine polymerization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of certain alkyl-substituted phenylenediamine compounds and phenothiazine compounds in the presence of air.
While such prior art inhibitors may inhibit the polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds to some degree, it would be desirable to possess polymerization inhibitors which would more effectively delay the onset of polymerization and/or which would avoid the use of highly toxic compounds such as dinitrophenols.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improved inhibitor composition for the prevention of polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide an inhibitor for the prevention of polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds, which inhibitor does not comprise toxic dinitrophenolic compounds.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a vinyl aromatic composition which is stabilized against polymerization.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide an improved method for inhibiting the polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds.
The foregoing and additional objects will become more fully apparent from the following description and accompanying Examples. |
"1266)}Mob Psycho 100" "350)}Namu Amida Butsu the world is filled with strange phenomena that science is yet to explain. they are helplessly thrown into the dark depths of fear." "But there are those who fight every day to shine a ray of hope into that chaotic darkness." "People call them..." "Psychics" "shall accept this job!" "Reigen" "Arataka" "Really?" "Thank you so much!" "I was at a complete loss because no one else would take me seriously." "437)}Client:" "Hanako" "I see." "it depends on which exorcism course you pick." "Course?" "Executing the Exorcism!" "We will do our best to reduce the spirit possessing you" "Option A — Trial Course 980 yen." "Option B — Serious Course 000 yen (Tax Excluded) Outside of Offer Period: 8980 yen {\cH2643CF\fs12}Recommended {\fs22\cH000000}Option C — All-Out Course" "000 yen (Tax Excluded) Outside of Offer Period: 19880 yen" "Refer us to a friend now and get an extra 5% reduction!" "Also get an add-on exorcism for 20% off!" "gets you a 99%... guaranteed!" "Reduction?" "spirits are sort of like carbon dioxide." "They are? Spirits and Such Consultation Office so it's a bit hard to completely get rid of one." "But have no fear." "I'll take care of it for 20% off!" "Reigen-sensei!" "Hold on a second!" "Hm?" "Who might you be?" "Taro." "what a benevolent fellow!" "What's that supposed to mean?" "!" "434)}Boyfriend:" "Taro that aside... you!" "This is super shady!" "you should really rethink this." "This is super shady"?" "!" "I guess I can't blame you for feeling that way." "who would believe a stupid story like having nightmares about ghosts?" "I wasn't talking about her!" "I was saying that I can't trust you!" "just leave it to me. too." "There's nothing wrong with her face!" "I see." "So you've been having those dreams ever since you did a test of courage last week." "Yes." "They're so scary and creepy." "it's that building over there!" "What an incredible aura!" "This is gonna be the first big one I've had in a while!" "it's this building over here." "didn't you?" "so it's that one!" "too." "I guess I got the wrong spirit!" "you know?" "I see." "Please." "There's no way there are ghosts everywhere— no!" "Taro-san..." "What?" "too." "The Buttchin Goblin." "eight?" "!" "that's rude!" "What?" "He's the one being rude to that random guy." "Hanako-san." "There are always people like him." "shall we go?" "This bastard..." "They say this place is haunted by the spirit of a man who saw a cockroach his head went through the ceiling and he died." "I don't know how you actually believe that." "I see." "So that's what is going on here..." "What?" "He suddenly looks all serious." "Could there really be... even I might not be able to handle it!" "This is too dangerous!" "Cockroaches are terrifying!" "Huh?" "There's no way this guy is a psychic!" "He's a total fake!" "too?" "A ghost!" "436)}Evil Spirit:" "Ceiling Crasher" "Want me to crash you through the ceiling with my curse?" "That's the same guy who keeps headbutting me in my dreams!" "I can't believe he actually appeared." "I've got this!" "Salt Splash!" "724)}Salt Splash" "This is Reigen's special move where he violently throws table salt everywhere." "This is just table salt you can buy in stores." "or it won't work." "Hakata Salt" "Impossible..." "Did I only imagine that spirits are weak against salt?" "I guess I'll have to call my ultimate weapon." "Mob?" "but could you come by?" "seriously." "There's an evil spirit. okay?" "Thanks." "Mob." "We were waiting for you." "Hmph." "you're using a middle schooler?" "Quit looking down on—" "also known as Mob." "Kageyama Shigeo" "Mob and the protagonist of this story." "I asked you not to summon me on such short notice." "400)}Mob Psycho 100" "Spirits and Such Consultation Office you're a lifesaver." "I never thought that an evil spirit would actually show up." "Here." "Your pay for the day." "thank you. so I really shouldn't be paying you more than half." "But I'll give you your hourly pay." "Think of it as a bonus." "Right..." "What?" "Do you have a problem with that?" "no." "But the spirit back there really was a lower-level spirit." "you..." "Y-You idiot! you end up melting everyone around you during a simple exorcism." "That's why I ask you to take care of the weaker ones." "Really?" "either... you idiot!" "That's because you lack training!" "The New Star of the 21st Century {\cH79D7D1}Reigen Arataka {\cH7ED5DC}Spirits and Such Consultation Office your master!" "Your powers are meant to be used." "Not doing so would be a waste." "while also being training for you." "You're killing two birds with one stone! you will only destroy yourself." "That's why I'm teaching you how to control your powers so they don't go berserk." "That's why I'm teaching you how to control your powers so they don't go berserk." "didn't you?" "That you wouldn't use your psychic powers against other people." "Progress Toward" "Mob's Explosion" "Progress Toward Mob's Explosion: {\cHF6FF32}22%" "Ah... bending spoons." "You really need to drop that habit." "come now." "Shigeo's going through puberty." "Let him bend some spoons." "Right?" "sorry." "spoiling him again." "Shige." "He got another perfect score on his quiz today." "Mom." "Nii-san." "I'll be there to listen any time." "1)}Kageyama Ritsu" "Ritsu." "Ritsu." "you hear?" "Huh?" "Nii-san." "There's nothing I can do about that." "Shigeo." "Salt Middle School" "Morning!" "Salt Middle School" "Right?" "Tsubomi!" "Morning!" "What a beautiful day!" "yeah." "On TV yesterday..." "What?" "Tsubomi-chan's as cute as ever today... what would be the answer here?" "Let's go with Kageyama." "sir..." "Arithmetic I" "I have no idea." "that'd mean the only thing you know is addition." "weren't you?" "Forget it." "Sit down." "There it goes!" "This way!" "pass!" "go!" "Stop 'em!" "pass!" "Go!" "Reigen Arataka" "Hello?" "Mob? but could you come down to the station right now?" "The station?" "Yeah." "Today's job is a big one." "Oh." "All right." "Progress Toward Mob's Explosion: {\cHF6FF32}25%" "Today's job is from a local neighborhood council." "The location is Honeido Tunnel along the old highway." "It's a famous haunted place." "Famous Haunted Spot" "Terror" "Haunted Ghost Tunnel" "Eek!" "Aah!" "The location is the old Seasoning Highway Honeido Tunnel the bad rumors just won't go away." "a number of college students and bloggers have gone there to do a test of courage and gone missing." "And this is the ringer." "Honeido Tunnel Group Accident" "A huge group accident?" "though it happened thirty years ago." "more than twenty people died at once." "The hatred of all those people must be swirling around this tunnel." "Mob." "There's no telling what might happen." "right." "500)}Honeido Tunnel" "This is it." "let's take a look. shall clean this place up." "Mob." "my student!" "Mob?" "too!" "It'll be bad if the sun goes down." "are you listening?" "so follow me!" "Got it? so I didn't think that you'd need my help." "You idiot!" "Who do you think is going to exorcise—Ahem. but follow me so you can learn something." "Master." "Hm?" "This tunnel seems pretty dangerous." "I can sense the presence of a very powerful spirit further down. but this is definitely the real deal." "If a normal person happened to anger the spirit in here..." "If they angered it...?" "They probably wouldn't make it out in one piece." "Of course not." "That's why we're going to exorcise it." "here we go!" "I'll go first." "I'm counting on you to support me however you can from behind." "Right." "It's a bit chilly." "Yes." "We forgot to bring flashlights." "don't you feel something?" "Hm?" "it is pretty humid in here..." "I'm talking about auras." "that." "my nose is a bid sduffy doday." "Does that have anything to do with this?" "it does." "Do you feel anything?" "Feel would be an understatement." "There are twelve..." "Eighteen..." "No..." "Even more right nearby." "Ah!" "Looks like we've been completely surrounded." "They're going to attack us now." "All right!" "I'll leave the small fry to you." "Mob!" "huh?" "we might have been in danger." "I'm sure that took care of all of them." "Another piece of ca—" "There's someone right in front of me!" "Who are you?" "!" "An evil spirit?" "!" "Boss it's just a heel wrestler." "Don't scare me like that!" "I thought you were an evil spirit." "You shouldn't be practicing here." "Master. so watch out." "473)}Evil Spirit:" "Boss so you're the boss monkey of the evil spirits!" "but you can't fool me!" "I..." "This tunnel... and we all died!" "And I'm their leader!" "This tunnel is... my turf!" "I'll crush every last intruder!" "Here we go!" "Curse ya!" "100)}Curse ya" "Cigarette Burn Poltergeist!" "Wh-What?" "My ignition attack isn't working?" "There's a powerful forcefield?" "How could this power be coming from someone like him?" "Crap!" "I mistook him for a wimp!" "Too late for regrets now! your fate was sealed!" "You're going to be exorcised!" "Banishing Salt Punch! 1)}Banishing Salt Punch where he punches the enemy with his fist covered in table salt." "Huh?" "That didn't hurt at all." "dear." "So you are a fake..." "I'm disappearing!" "Go back to the ozone layer." "W-Wait!" "Wait!" "We were just being forced to do this!" "Mob?" "Hurry up and melt him." "Master." "Let's hear him out." "We're nothing compared to the evil spirit down the tunnel. and that's why we've been scaring people that come through." "Hmph." "Don't think that you can fool Reigen with such lies!" "They aren't lies! Death Specters Gang 472)}Boss and our memories could rest in peace!" "That's all I wanted to say!" "or whatever you want!" "So you're trying to make us pity you?" "Mob!" "Those are the typical lies of a con artist." "Melt him." "I'm going to go have a look." "Huh?" "I thought it was a little weird that the aura" "I felt before coming in here hadn't disappeared yet." "too..." "Stop him!" "he doesn't stand a chance." "That thing is an evil spirit that's lived on this mountain for hundreds of years." "Everyone that's died here was killed by him!" "S-So you guys were also..." "No." "We just happened to slip on a banana peel." "don't you?" "call him back." "Hurry!" "Mob!" "Come back!" "Come back!" "Mob!" "Mob?" "Ah." "you're safe." "Yes." "That evil spirit wasn't very powerful." "Wh-Who are you?" "Huh?" "I'm nobody..." "You idiot!" "the student... the new star of the paranormal world!" "right." "I thank you." "Now we can all pass on peacefully." "could this be..." "Death Specters {\cHD1CFB0}Gang" "Boss!" "Yeah!" "Death Specters Gang" "Thanks..." "Self-Proclaimed Psychic:" "Reigen Arataka ~And Mob~ dude." "Now we can depart to the afterlife!" "Full speed ahead to the next world!" "Mob." "What are you doing?" "Let's go." "Right." "Bus Schedule" "Master..." "Huh?" "Why didn't you do anything?" "you know..." "A-Ahem..." "Didn't I tell you right at the start that I'd leave the small fry to you?" "right." "Seasoning Station" "What do you wanna do?" "Let's get something to eat." "I'm not gonna last until I get home." "right?" "Mob." "Shall we?" "Yes." "Does ramen work for you?" "Yes." "limit it to two." "All right." "Here you go." "Progress Toward Mob's Explosion: {\cHF6FF32}25%" "Progress Toward Mob's Explosion: {\cHF6FF32}26%" "Progress Toward Mob's Explosion: {\cHF6FF32}27%" "A group of telepathics suddenly appear and disturb Mob's daily life." "Mob heads into a world of women." "Where is the goal?" "Which way is tomorrow?" "Next time on Mob Psycho 100 Episode 2:" "Doubts About Youth ~The Telepathy Club Appears~." "{\cHE2F86F}Doubts About Youth ~The Telepathy Club Appears~" "Watching it in real time?" "Wise decision." |
The present invention relates to a signaling device for sighting systems, for example for rescue crafts in the nautical field and the like. More particularly, the invention relates to an intermittent signaling device.
As is known, external signaling devices suitable to be used for rescue crafts such as life rafts for watercraft are currently commercially available.
However, these signaling devices have a light distribution system that is provided by using a single lamp whose brightness, emitted by the single filament of the lamp, produces a given light field, leaving substantially uncovered two sectors in which shadow zones are formed.
Essentially, with a single filament and therefore a single lamp, two substantially opposite lighting regions are produced which extend from the body of the lamp, with two shadow sectors that are located at the respective north and south poles when one considers a sphere whose light field is determined by the lighting of the lamp.
This is of course a drawback in signaling devices that must be used in sighting systems, for example for rescue crafts, in which the primary purpose is obviously to be sighted at the greatest possible distance so as to allow the recovery of shipwrecked persons.
Accordingly, existing signaling devices, despite being accepted and commonly used by users, do not offer the assurances of reliability that make the signaling device absolutely suitable for use in the nautical field. Furthermore, if the single filament breaks, the device is unusable and therefore the rescue system is no longer available. |
What is the real effect of pregabalin in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain?(Do patients suffer from less pain or do they less care about it?).
Depression and anxiety are frequent in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetic neuropathic pain. The pain seems to be more severe in patients in whom depressive findings accompanied pain symptoms. Pregabalin was reported to have positive effects on anxiety and depression. This brings out the question, whether the pain relief effect of pregabalin is due to its analgesic effect or to its effects on mood? The aim of this study is to find out whether the positive effect of pregabalin in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain is limited to its effect on pain. Thus the question - do patients suffer from less pain or do they less care about pain? - should be answered. With this aim the NRS scores of 46 patients with diabetic neuropathic pain, whose HADS scores did not change with pregabalin treatment were compared with their baseline levels, retrospectively. The NRS scores of the group were reduced with pregabalin treatment. This results suggests that the reduced pain in pregabalin treatment should be independent from its effects on depression and anxiety. |
[A study based on national DRG data to evaluate work load, practice and cost relating to paediatric oncology in French hospitals].
To assess if our methodology previously used for all cancers remains valid when only 1% of cancers are analysed, we used childhood cancer in French hospitals based on national DRG data. With a specific algorithm we extracted from the 1999 national DRG data (16,539,352 hospitalisations) the cancer data (2,947,471 hospitalisations) and the reduced cancer data (2,711,025 hospitalisations). We used this reduced cancer data to identify the 77 350 hospitalisations for childhood cancers. The majority of hospitalisations (83%) and the Activity Synthetic Index (ISA) for childhood cancers are concentrated on University hospitals and regional cancer centres. The cost of childhood cancers was estimated to be 136 million euros, with haematology costing 60 million euros. Chemotherapy, which accounted for almost 50% of the ISA is the predominant therapy. Our results appear to be consistent with the incidence and the clinical practices described by the population registries and the registry of the French Society for Paediatric Oncology. They correspond also with the organisation of the care of those patients which converges towards the global care of the patient in which the concept of health networks and patient's trajectories are pivotal. However, an investigation inside the hospitals is required to see if our results correspond with the reality. This is the objective of our next study. |
The semiconductor industry has recently experienced technological advances that have permitted dramatic increases in circuit density and complexity, and equally dramatic decreases in power consumption and package sizes. Present semiconductor technology now permits single-chip microprocessors with many millions of transistors, operating at speeds of hundreds of millions of instructions per second to be packaged in relatively small, air-cooled semiconductor device packages. A by-product of such high-density and high functionality in semiconductor devices has been the demand for increased numbers of external electrical connections to be present on the exterior of the die and on the exterior of the semiconductor packages which receive the die, for connecting the packaged device to external systems, such as a printed circuit board.
As the manufacturing processes for semiconductor devices and integrated circuits increase in difficulty, methods for testing and debugging these devices become increasingly important. Not only is it important to ensure that individual chips are functional, it is also important to ensure that batches of chips perform consistently. In addition, the ability to detect a defective manufacturing process early is helpful for reducing the number of defective devices manufactured.
Traditionally, integrated circuit dies have been tested using methods including accessing circuitry or devices within the die. In order to access portions of circuitry in the integrated circuit die it is sometimes necessary to align the die with equipment such as a milling device, a test fixture, or other test equipment. For example, in flip-chip type dies, transistors and other circuitry are located in a very thin epitaxially-grown silicon layer in a circuit side of the die. The circuit side of the die is arranged facedown on a package substrate. This orientation provides many operational advantages. However, due to the face-down orientation of the circuit side of the die, the transistors and other circuitry near the circuit side are not readily accessible for testing, modification, or other purposes. Therefore, access to the transistors and circuitry near the circuit side is from the back side of the chip. Such back side access often requires milling through the back side and probing certain circuit elements. The milling and probing processes may potentially damage elements in the integrated circuit if not properly aligned. The difficulty, cost, and destructive aspects of existing methods for testing integrated circuits are impediments to the growth and improvement of semiconductor technologies. To access the backside circuitry, it is necessary to align the circuit with a CAD layout. This is done with alignment markers; however, alignment markers are not visible through silicon from the backside with most tools without substantial thinning. |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to oil and gas well drilling and more particularly to the handling of cuttings that are generated during oil and gas well drilling activity. Even more particularly, the present invention relates to an improved vacuum tank apparatus for use in handling cuttings that are generated during oil and gas well exploration. The tank has a specially configured hopper that communicates with an outlet header that enables air to be injected during the discharge of cuttings from the tank.
2. General Background of the Invention
In the drilling of oil and gas wells, a drill bit is used to dig many thousands of feet into the earth's crust. Oil rigs typically employ a derrick that extends above the well drilling platform and which can support joint after joint of drill pipe connected end to end during the drilling operation. As the drill bit is pushed farther and farther into the earth, additional pipe joints are added to the ever lengthening "string" or "drill string". The drill pipe or drill string thus comprises a plurality of joints of pipe, each of which has an internal, longitudinally extending bore for carrying fluid drilling mud from the well drilling platform through the drill string and to a drill bit supported at the lower or distal end of the drill string.
Drilling mud lubricates the drill bit and carries away well cuttings generated by the drill bit as it digs deeper. The cuttings are carried in a return flow stream of drilling mud through the well annulus and back to the well drilling platform at the earth's surface. When the drilling mud reaches the surface, it is contaminated with small pieces of shale and rock which are known in the industry as well cuttings or drill cuttings.
Well cuttings have in the past been separated from the reusable drilling mud with commercially available separators that are know as "shale shakers". Other solids separators include mud cleaners and centrifuge. Some shale shakers are designed to filter coarse material from the drilling mud while other shale shakers are designed to remove finer particles from the well drilling mud. After separating well cuttings therefrom, the drilling mud is returned to a mud pit where it can be supplemented and/or treated prior to transmission back into the well bore via the drill string and to the drill bit to repeat the process.
The disposal of the separated shale and cuttings is a complex environmental problem. Drill cuttings contain not only the mud product which would contaminate the surrounding environment, but also can contain oil that is particularly hazardous to the environment, especially when drilling in a marine environment.
In the Gulf of Mexico for example, there are hundreds of drilling platforms that drill for oil and gas by drilling into the subsea floor. These drilling platforms can be in many hundreds of feet of water. In such a marine environment, the water is typically crystal clear and filled with marine life that cannot tolerate the disposal of drill cuttings waste such as that containing a combination of shale, drilling mud, oil, and the like. Therefore, there is a need for a simple, yet workable solution to the problem of disposing of oil and gas well cuttings in an offshore marine environment and in other fragile environments where oil and gas well drilling occurs.
Traditional methods of cuttings disposal have been dumping, bucket transport, cumbersome conveyor belts, screw conveyors, and washing techniques that require large amounts of water. Adding water creates additional problems of added volume and bulk, messiness, and transport problems. Installing conveyors requires major modification to the rig area and involves many installation hours and very high cost.
Safeguard Disposal Systems, Inc. of Lafayette, Louisiana has manufactured, sold, and used publicly a cuttings disposal tank that includes hatch openings into which oil well cuttings can be placed. These prior art tanks also have attachments for enabling lift lines to be affixed to the tank so that it can be transported to and from offshore platforms and emptied when full. Further examples of these tanks are shown in one or more of the following U.S. Pat. Nos.: 5,564,509; 5,402,857; U.S Pat. Nos. Des. 337,809; and U.S Pat. Nos. Des. 296,027. U.S. Pats. Nos. 5,564,509 and 5,402,857 are incorporated herein by reference. |
"Fixed Synced by bozxphd." "Enjoy The Flick" "Once upon a time..." "In a happy forest, in the happiest tree..." "Lived the happiest creatures the world has ever known." "The trolls." "They loved nothing more than to sing, and dance, and hug." "Dance, and hug, and sing, and dance, and sing, and hug, and dance..." "And hug, and dance, and sing, and hug, and dance, and hug..." "But then one day, the trolls were discovered by..." "A bergen!" "The bergens didn't know how to sing..." "Or dance..." "Or even hug." "They were the most miserable creatures in all the land." "And once they saw how happy the trolls were..." "They wanted some of that happiness for themselves." "Oh, my god!" "Eating a troll made them feel so happy..." "They started a tradition." "Once a year, every year..." "The bergens would gather around the troll tree..." "To taste happiness..." "On a holiday they called..." "Trollstice." "Good morning, daddy!" "Daddy, wake up!" "Daddy, wake up!" "Wake up!" "Wake up, daddy!" "Wake up, daddy." "Daddy!" "Daddy!" "Daddy!" "Daddy!" "Daddy, wake up!" "Gristle!" "What time is it?" "It's trollstice!" "Trollstice!" "Our one day to be happy." "Yeah!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Please give it up for your keeper of the trolls..." "Your minister of happiness..." "Your royal chef..." "Me." "This is a very special trollstice..." "As there is one amongst us who has never tasted a troll." "Me!" "She is talking about me!" "Prince Gristle..." "The time has come." "It's okay, son." "I remember being nervous my first time." "Okay." "That's my boy." "It is my sacred duty..." "To initiate you in the ways of true happiness." "I have chosen an extra-special troll, just for you." "The happiest, the most positive..." "Sweetest troll of all." "And because every prince deserves a Princess..." "I give you the one they call Princess Poppy." "Please make me happy, Princess Poppy." "What are you feeling?" "That one's rotten!" "It's fake?" "Fake?" "Fake?" "They're gone?" "Where are they?" "Don't worry, sire." "We'll find them." "I think I hear something!" "Go!" "Go!" "We got Poppy!" " Pass her to me!" " Here comes Poppy!" "Here she is!" "There's my Princess." "Da-da." "King Peppy, some of the others can't keep up." "No troll left behind!" "Thank you, King Peppy!" " Thank you, King Peppy!" " Thank you!" "Thank you, King Peppy." "No troll left behind!" "Daddy, where are they?" "Don't just stand there!" "Make my son happy!" "He will be happy!" "Where is he?" "I don't think King Peppy made it." "When I say no troll left behind..." "I mean, no troll left behind!" "King Peppy, where's Princess Poppy?" "Don't worry." "She's safe." "No troll left behind!" "But we'll be a lot safer the further we get from bergen town." "Go, go!" "Hurry!" "That's right!" "Take her away!" "Get her out of my sight!" "She is hereby banished from bergen town forever." "We can all be happy again." "I'll find the trolls!" "And shove them down your ungrateful throats." "But, daddy..." "I never got to eat a troll." "What's gonna make me happy now?" "Come here, son." "Nothing." "Absolutely nothing." "You will never, ever, ever, ever be happy." "Never?" "Ever." "Here!" "Right here!" "This is where we will rebuild our civilization." "It has everything we need." "Fresh air, clean water..." "And sweet acoustics." "Ba de ya say do you remember ba de ya dancing in September ba de ya never was a cloudy day" "Twenty years ago today, King Peppy made us safe... and now every troll is free to be happy and live in perfect..." "Harmony" "Harmony" "Harmony" "And that's why we hug every hour." "Yep." "I wish it was every half hour." "So do I." "But that wouldn't leave much time for singing and dancing, now would it?" "Princess Poppy, do the bergens still want to eat us?" "You bet!" "But just because it's the only way they'll ever be happy." "Oh, no." "I do taste delicious." "Isn't there anything else to make them happy?" "What about having birthday parties?" "Or slumber parties?" "Or staring at your parents while they sleep." "But I don't want to be food." "Don't worry." "No troll ever will be." "And that's why we're celebrating with the biggest party ever." "Everybody's gonna be there." "Everybody?" "Everybody." "Everybody, move your hair and feel united" "everybody, shake your hair and feel united" "yeah everybody's coming to the celebration i'ma hook you up with the invitation let your hair swing and party with me no bad vibes just love, you'll see do the d-a-n-c-e one-two-three-four fight stick to the b-e-a-t get ready to" "ignite you are such a p-y-t catching all the lights just easy as a-b-c that's how you make it right it ain't hard out here when you're doing it right put a smile on blast that's the troll life" "and I'm here to help you through it come on, Smidge, I know you can do it" "Your confidence gives me strength." "Okay, Mr. Dinkles." "Say, leaves!" "Something's missing." "That's it!" "Don't stop, don't stop don't stop the beat" "I can't stop, can't stop can't stop the beat" "I won't stop, won't stop won't stop the beat go!" "Everybody, shake your hair and feel united sunshine day, everybody's singing sunshine day everybody, move your hair and feel united" "Yeah!" "Unbelievable, guys." "Really, really great." "Good job." "I could hear you from a mile away!" "Good." "I was worried we weren't projecting enough." "Poppy, if I can hear you, so can the bergens." "Oh, boy." " Here we go again." " Oh, Branch..." "You always ruin everything." "Warning us about the bergens." "No, I don't." "The bergens are coming!" "The bergens are coming!" "The bergens are coming!" "Come on!" "We haven't seen a bergen in 20 years." "They're not gonna find us." "No, they're not going to find me, because I'll be in my highly camouflaged..." "Heavily fortified, bergen-proof survival bunker." "You mean you're not coming to the party tonight?" "But it's going to be the biggest..." "The loudest..." "The craziest party ever!" "Big?" "Loud?" "Crazy?" "You're just gonna lead the bergens right to us!" "Are you sure you wanna invite this party pooper to poop on your party?" "Yes." "I think everyone deserves to be happy." "I don't do happy." "Branch, I know you have happiness inside you." "You just need our help to find it." "Celebrate freedom from the bergens" "What do you say, Branch?" "Oh, my god." "I wouldn't be caught dead at your party, but you will be." "Caught and dead." "Whoa, whoa." "Easy, Branch." "Easy." "Thank you for providing safe passage, brother." "Namaste." "Okay, first of all, mate, thanks for sharing your unique perspective on things." "Again." "But, just for now, why don't you try on some positivity, eh?" "A little positivity might go with that vest." "Okay, fine." "I'm positive you all are going to get eaten." " Hug time!" " It is hug time." "Hug time!" " That feels good." " Our hearts are synchronizing!" "I can squeeze you forever" "Someday, when the bergens find us..." "And the survival of every troll is in your hands..." "I sure hope the answer is singing, dancing, and hugging..." "Because that's all you know how to do." "That is not true!" "Poppy can also scrapbook." "I can't believe you're gonna be queen one day." "Tune out his negative vibrations, Poppy." "They're toxic." "Some folks just don't want to be happy." "I guess." "You guessed right." "Boop." "Yeah!" "I love you so much!" "Yeah!" "Whoo!" "Glitter!" "Yolo!" "More glitter!" "Turn it up!" "I can't hear you!" "Trolls." "Okay, everyone." "I just want to take a moment..." "And get a little real." "Poppy!" "She's my friend!" "I know her!" "I'd like to take a second to celebrate our king..." "My father..." "Who, 20 years ago this night..." "Saved all of us from those dreaded..." "Bergens." "Gotcha." "Cupcake?" "Run!" "Run!" "Run!" "Poppy, help!" "Mr. Dinkles?" "Has anybody seen Mr. Dinkles?" "Biggie!" "Blend in!" "Blend in!" "Blend in!" "Poppy!" "Run!" "Run, Smidge!" "Oh, my god!" "Poppy, help!" "Hurry!" "Go!" "Go!" "Go!" "Cooper!" "Everyone, minimize your auras!" " Creek!" " No!" "Poppy!" " Hold on." " Poppy!" " No!" " Creek!" "Bad bergen!" "Bad, bad bergen." "Bad, bad bergen!" "Dad!" "Thanks for throwing the biggest..." "The loudest..." "The craziest party ever." "Is it coming back?" "What are we gonna do now?" "We have to find a new home." "Everyone, hurry." "We have to leave before the bergens come back." "We have to rescue them." "No, Poppy, we have to run." "Now, let's go, everyone." "Come on!" "What about "no troll left behind"?" "I'm sorry, Poppy." "That was a long time ago." "And I'm not the king I once was." "Then I'll go." "I'll go and save them." "No, Poppy." "It's too dangerous." "I have to at least try." "No." "You can't go to bergen town by yourself." "It's impossible." "Celebrate freedom from the bergens celebrate freedom from the bergens" "Branch, you're invited!" "No!" "No!" "No!" "Branch!" "Branch!" "Branch!" "Branch, are you in there?" "I'm not going to your party." "The party's over." "We just got attacked by a bergen." "I knew it." "Branch!" "I have to tell you something." "I was just gonna..." "What?" "What could be so important that it's worth leading the bergen right to us?" "The bergen's gone!" "You don't know that." "It could still be out there." "Watching." "Waiting." "Listening." "No." "It left!" "It took Cooper, and Smidge, and Fuzzbert..." "And Satin, and Chenille, and Biggie, and Guy Diamond, and Creek!" "Which is why I have to ask you." "Will you go to bergen town with me and save everyone?" "What?" "No." "Branch, you can't say no." "They're your friends." "They're your friends." "I'm staying right here in my bunker where it's safe." "That's great." "You're the one guy who knows more about bergens than anyone..." "But when we finally need you, you just want to hide here forever?" "Forever?" "No." "Yeah..." "I really only have enough supplies down here to last me 10 years... 11 if I'm willing to store and drink my own sweat." "Which I am." "You all said I was crazy, huh?" "Well, who's crazy now?" "Me." "Crazy prepared." "I'm sorry." "I should have listened to you." "You told me not to throw the party, and I threw it anyway." "And it's my fault they were taken." "And now I don't know what to do." "Why don't you try scrapbooking them to freedom?" "Solid burn, Branch." "Well, thanks anyway." "Hey, anytime, Poppy." "See you in 10 years." "Oh, hey, Branch?" "Just wondering if I could borrow something." "What?" " Your bunker." " What?" "Okay, everybody." "Come on in!" "Hi, Branch!" "No!" "No!" "No!" "Whoa, wait!" "Poppy, what are you doing?" "You said you have enough provisions to last 10 years, right?" "Yes, to last me 10 years." "Me!" "It'll last them two weeks!" "Then I guess I better hurry." "Wait, wait, wait!" "You won't last a day out there." "And you won't last a day in here." "Chug, chug, chug!" "Solid burn, returned." "Sorry, Branch!" "Poppy, wait." "Please be careful." "Don't worry, dad." "I can do this." "I love you, Poppy." "I love you too, dad." "They grow up so fast." "Bye, everybody!" "See you soon!" "Good luck, Princess Poppy!" "And three, two, one." "Hug time!" "No." "Hug time!" "Hug time!" "Hug time!" "No!" "No!" "With her friends safely hidden..." "Princess Poppy set off to rescue her other friends..." "Confident she'd make it to bergen town on her own." "Convinced she'd make it to bergen town." "Totally sure she'd make it to bergen town." "I really hope I can do it 'cause they're all depending on me" "I know that I must leave the only home I've ever known and brave the dangers of the forest saving them before they're eaten" "I mean, how hard can that be?" "Looking up at a sunny sky so shiny and blue and there's a butterfly well, isn't that a super fantastic sign?" "It's gonna be a fantastic day such marvelousness it's gonna bring got a pocket full of songs that I'm gonna sing and I'm ready to take on anything hooray!" "Some super fun surprise around each corner just riding on a rainbow" "I'm gonna be okay hey!" "I'm not giving up today there's nothing getting in my way and if you knock, knock me over" "I will get back up again oh!" "If something goes a little wrong well you can go ahead and bring it on 'cause if you knock, knock me over" "I will get back up again" "get back up again" "I'm marching along I've got confidence" "I'm cooler than a pack of peppermints and I haven't been this excited since I can't remember when" "I'm off on this remarkable adventure just riding on a rainbow but what if it's all a big mistake?" "What if it's more than I can take?" "No, I can't think that way 'cause I know that I'm really, really, really gonna be okay hey!" "I'm not giving up today there's nothing getting in my way and if you knock, knock me over" "I will get back up again if something goes a little wrong well you can go ahead and bring it on 'cause if you knock, knock me over" "I will get back up again get back up again" "I'm okay!" "And if you knock, knock me over you knock, knock me over" "I will get back up again" "Get back!" "Oh no!" "Poppy?" "Hang on!" "Get back up again" "Branch, my man!" "You are right on time." "Oh, right." "Like you knew I was coming." "Yes!" "I figured after the third hug time..." "Getting eaten by a bergen wouldn't seem so bad." "And I figured there was no way you could do this by yourself." "Guess we were both right." "All right." "Let's do this!" "Sooner we get to bergen town, sooner we can rescue everybody..." "And make it home safely." "Wait, wait, wait." "What's your plan?" "I just told you." "To rescue everyone and make it home safely." "Okay." "That's not a plan." "That's a wish list." "Oh!" "I suppose you have a plan." "First..." "We get to the edge of bergen town without being spotted." "Then, we get inside by sneaking through the old escape tunnels..." "Which will then lead us to the troll tree..." "Right before we get caught, and suffer a miserable death..." "At the hands of a horrible, bloodthirsty bergen!" "Hold on a second, are you scrapbooking my plan?" "Yeah." "Almost..." "Done!" "We did it!" "There will be no more..." "Scrapbooking." "Do you have to sing?" "I always sing when I'm in a good mood." "Do you have to be in a good mood?" "Why wouldn't I be?" "By this time tomorrow, I'll be with all my friends!" "I wonder what they're doing right now." "Probably being digested." "They're alive, Branch." "I know it!" "You don't know anything, Poppy." "And I can't wait to see the look on your face..." "When you realize the world isn't all cupcakes and rainbows." "'Cause it isn't." "Bad things happen..." "And there's nothing you can do about it." "Hey, I know it's not all cupcakes and rainbows." "But I'd rather go through life thinking that it mostly is..." "Instead of being like you." "You don't sing, you don't dance." "So grey all the time!" "What happened to you?" "A bergen?" "Maybe." "There's no bergen, is there?" "You just said that so I'd stop talking." "Maybe." "So special." "Goodnight, Cooper." "Good night, Smidge." "Good night, Fuzzbert." "Good night, Satin." "Good night, Chenille." "Good night, Biggie." "Good night, DJ." "Good night, Guy Diamond." "Good night, Creek." "Boop." "And good night, Poppy." "Don't even think about it." "Stars shining bright above you" "Really?" "Seriously?" "More singing?" "Yes, seriously!" "Singing helps me relax." "Maybe you ought to try it." "I don't sing, and I don't relax." "This is the way I am, and I like it." "I also like a little silence." "Hello darkness, my old friend" "I've come to talk with you again" "Hello." "Because a vision softly creeping left its seeds while I was sleeping and the vision that was planted in my brain" "still remains within the sound..." "Of silence" "May I?" "So one of these tunnels leads to the troll tree." "That's right." "There's so many of them." "I wonder which one." "I don't know." "Choose a hole wisely!" "For one will lead to bergen town..." "And the others, to certain death." "Who said that?" "It was..." "Me." "Hey, guys, how's it going?" "Welcome to the root tunnels." "I just wanted to warn you." "One of these tunnels leads to the troll tree..." "And the others to certain death, death, death, death..." "Do you think you can tell us which is the right one?" "You bet!" " Great!" " No, that's okay." "We're fine, thanks!" "Branch." "He's trying to help us." "I don't like the looks of him." "I mean, who wears socks with no shoes?" "He seems to know what he's talking about." "Okay, fine." "Which way do we go?" "First, you have to give me a high five." "Then I'll tell you." " What?" " I love high fives." "I'll do it." "Oh, I know you'll do it." "But will he?" "All right, dumpy diapers, up high!" "Nope, I don't do high fives." " Slap it, boss." " Not gonna happen." " Party on the top floor." " Nope." "Little slappy." "Make daddy happy." "That's weird." "Come on, just one little high five." "No, thanks." "I'm good." "Here, just do this..." "But with your hand." "Thank you for that demonstration." "Really cleared up exactly what I will not be doing." "Branch, it's a high five." "The others lead to certain death." "Get perspective." "One high five and then you'll tell us which tunnel to take, right?" "So easy." "Okay, fine!" "Too slow." "Too slow?" "Classic." "No, no." "All right." "I'm gonna let you slide with a fist bump." "Shark attack!" "Nom-nom-nom-nom." "Jellyfish!" "Hand sandwich." "Turkey." "Snowman." "Dolphin." "Helicopter." "Last supper." "Monkey in a zoo." " What?" " Gear shift" "Okay, okay, okay." "Now I'm thinking we hug." " That's right." "You better run, cloud!" " Wait!" "I'm gonna tear your little cloud arms..." "Off your cloud body, and high five your face with them!" "He's just a cloud!" " Get back here!" " Branch!" "He can help us!" "Come back!" "Run, cloud guy!" "I'm gonna kill you!" "Ta-da!" "We're here!" "You guys are a lot of fun." "You know, I gotta go." "Got some cloud stuff to take care of." "Catch you on the way back?" "Unless..." "You die." "The troll tree." "Bergen town." "I ain't happy I'm feeling glad" "I got sunshine in a bag I'm useless but not for long the future is coming on" "I ain't happy I'm feeling glad" "I got sunshine in a bag I'm useless but not for long the future is coming on is coming on is coming on coming on is coming on is coming on is coming on wow!" "They're as miserable as you." "Which means they haven't eaten a troll yet." "Now, come on." "Let's go save our friends." "Your friends." "Our friends." "Don't fight it." "Oh, Barnabus." "You're my only friend in this whole miserable world." "Dad was right." "I'll never ever, never ever, never be happy." "Never." "Never say never." "Chad." "Todd." "Chef, where did you come from?" "My father banished you 20 years ago." "Have you been standing behind that plant this whole time?" "If only, sire." "No." "I've been out in the wilderness..." "Thinking of nothing but how I let you down." "If only there was some way i could make you feel better." "Well, fat chance!" "The only way I'll ever be happy is by eating a troll..." "And that ain't gonna happen, thanks to you." "But it just might." "Thanks to me." "You found the trolls." "So this means I might actually get to be happy!" "That's right." "Of course, everyone else in bergen town will still be miserable..." "But that's not your concern." "I am their king, so maybe it kinda is." "What exactly are you proposing?" "Bringing back trollstice?" "For everyone?" "Yes!" "That's exactly what I'm proposing." "Great idea, sire." "Absolutely brilliant." "Aren't you smart?" "I guess I am." "And I, your loyal chef, will be right behind you." "Holding a knife." "What's that?" "Holding a knife, a spoon, a ladle." "I'm your chef, after all!" "Yeah, you sure are!" "I'm back!" "You, scullery maid, what's your name?" "Bridget." "Congratulations, Bridget." "You work for me now." "So you take those dishes downstairs and you start scrubbing." "Yes, chef." "Thank you, chef." "Don't cry, Mr. Dinkles." "Guys, Mr. Dinkles is really freaking out!" "Whoa, whoa!" "Everyone, we must all remain calm." "Comb" "That's right." "A calm troll is a tasty troll." "And you are a key ingredient in my recipe for success." "You see..." "He who controls the trolls controls the kingdom." "And I am that "he!"" "You're a dude?" "By this time tomorrow, I'll be queen..." "And all of bergen town will get exactly what they deserve." "True happiness!" " Chad." " Todd." "So where do you think our friends are?" "If I had to guess, I'd say in a bergen's stomach." "Could you try to be positive?" "Just once." "You might like it." "Okay." "I'm sure they're not only alive..." "But about to be delivered to us on a silver platter." "Thank you." "That wasn't so hard, was it?" "Branch!" "Hug time?" "Seriously?" "Listen." "This is gonna be the best trollstice ever!" "Such a great idea I had." "Yes." "Tomorrow is trollstice, everyone." "And it must be perfect!" "Yes, chef!" "Feels great to be ordering everyone around again." "Branch, look!" "They're alive?" "And on a silver platter, too." "We were both right." "And to mark the occasion, your highness, look." "I found your old troll bib." "Wow!" "I bet you still fit." "Like a glove!" "You think that's funny?" "We'll see who's laughing when I bite your yummy head off." "When I bite all y'alls yummy heads off." "Wait a minute." "Chef, this isn't enough yummy heads to feed all of bergen town." "How are we supposed to have trollstice if there's not enough trolls?" "There's plenty more where that came from, sire." "Are you sure?" " Because I promised everyone a troll." " No, no, no, sire!" "Everything will be fine." "If I were truly worried..." "Would I be willing to do this?" "Creek!" "My first troll!" "Go on, eat, King Gristle." "Enjoy a taste of true happiness." "Shouldn't we wait for trollstice?" "Sire, every day is trollstice when you have trolls." "Yeah, I guess." "But my dad said the first time should be special." "Well, you're the king now." "Yeah, I am the king." "But I think I should share this moment with all the kingdom." "Eat it!" " Oh, my god!" " No!" "Yes!" "Bridget, lock these trolls in your room and guard them with your life." "Yes, chef." "Yes." "Yes, I know." "Branch, we have to save him!" "Save him from what?" "His stomach?" "We didn't see him chew." "We didn't see him swallow!" "Face it, Poppy." "Sometimes people go into other people's mouths..." "And they don't come out." "If we go after Creek now, we're going to get eaten." "I'm sorry..." "But it's too late for him." "Poppy!" "Scullery maid!" "Wash these pots and pans for trollstice." "The king's inviting everyone." "Except you." "I've been alone with you inside my mind and in my dreams I've kissed your lips a thousand times" "I sometimes see you pass outside my door hello" "is it me you're looking for?" "I can see it in your eyes" "I can see it in your smile you're all I've ever wanted and my arms are open wide 'cause you know just what to say you're all the idiots!" "I have to do everything myself." "And you know just what to do" "I have to get out of bed, I'm supposed to put my own clothes on, tie my own shoes." "And I want to tell you so much" "I love you" "She's in love with the king." "What are you talking about?" "Bergens don't have feelings." "Maybe you don't know everything about the bergens." "Now let's go." " Guys!" " Poppy!" "Celebrate good times, come on it's a celebration" "there's a party going on right here" "No!" "There is not a party going on right here." "The sooner we get you guys out of here..." "The sooner we can save Creek!" "What?" "Hello?" "Is it me you're looking for?" "I know you're looking for the cupcakes and rainbows here..." "But let's face it, Creek's been eaten." "They put him in a taco!" "It was horrible." "Sorry, Poppy." "Creek's gone." "Poppy, how could you possibly think Creek's still alive?" "I don't think he's alive." "I hope he's alive, and that's enough." "How do you always look on the bright side?" "There is no bright side here." "None!" "There's always a bright side." "Hey!" "Where do you think you're going?" "Glitter!" "No!" "Get back in your cage!" "Chef's gonna be so mad!" "No!" "Bridget, stop!" "You're in love with King Gristle." "I don't know what you're talking about." "Excuse me!" "That's not mine." "What does it matter?" "It's not like he even knows I'm alive." "Bridget, I can help you!" "What if there was a way we could both get what we want?" "You love Gristle, too?" "You'd better back off, girlfriend!" "No." "Bridget, no." "That troll King Gristle put in his mouth, that's Creek." "And I would do anything to save him." "The only problem is..." "We can't get anywhere near the king without him eating us." "But..." "You can." "You can walk right up to him and tell him how you feel." "As if." "I can't just walk right up to the king." "His royal awesomeness would never talk to a scullery maid like me." "What if he didn't know you were a scullery maid?" "What if he thought you were this total babe?" "What kind of total babe would be dressed like a scullery maid?" "I smell like gravy." " What if we made you a new outfit?" " I'm thinking..." "Jumpsuit!" "What's the point of a jumping suit if I still have this hair?" "We can fix that." "What's the point of a new outfit and new hair..." "If I don't even know what a total babe would ever say?" "We can help with that too!" "Really?" "What do you say, Bridget?" "You get us Creek, and we'll get you a date with the king." "Let's do it?" "A 5, 6, 7, 8..." "When you look in the mirror let it disappear all your insecurities" "Wait!" "Why isn't this one singing?" "Come on, Branch." "Sing with us!" "Yeah, Branch, sing with us!" "No." "That's okay." "You don't think this will work?" "No, no." "It's not that." "I just don't sing." " Branch!" " No." "He's right." "This idea is stupid." "King Gristle will never love me." "Come on." "Hey, hey." "What's all this?" "That's right, Bridget." "Just let it all out." "Bridget, let it go." "Just have a good cry." "Go, girl!" "Okay, now bring it back in." "Reel it in." "Branch, what are you doing?" " You have to sing!" " I told you, I don't sing." " You have to!" " I'm sorry." "I can't." " No, you can." "You just won't." " Fine." "I just won't." " You have to!" " No!" " Yes!" " No!" "Why not?" "Why won't you sing?" "Because singing killed my grandma, okay?" "Now, leave me alone." "My uncle broke his neck tap dancing once." "How did singing kill your grandma?" "What song was she singing?" "I was the one singing." "And I need you now tonight and I need you more than ever that day, I was so lost in song..." "I didn't hear my grandma trying to warn me." "Branch!" "Watch out!" "And we'll only be making it right watch out, Branch!" "Grandma!" "Once upon a time there was light in his life but now there's only love in the dark nothing he can say a total eclipse of the heart" "I haven't sung a note since." "I'm so sorry, Branch." "I had no idea." "I just assumed you had a terrible voice." "No, no, it was like an angel's." "At least, that's what grandma used to say." "Whoa, whoa." "What are you doing?" "It's not hug time." "I just thought you could use one." "Okay." "Okay, I'll help." "But I'm still not singing." "Okay, people." "Hair we go!" "You you gotta let it show" "I'm comin'" "I'm comin' all right out" "I'm comin'" "I'm comin' out" "I'm comin' yo!" "I'm coming out like the sun after rain ready to shine no time to be playin' feelin' good gonna get get what I, what I want gonna show every-everybody how I, how I flaunt look at me now, my confidence is soaring" "dudes be impressed with the points I'm scoring like that ain't boring and it just don't quit watch the king drop his jaw when I'm shaking my hips I'm saying she's coming out she's comin'" "it's time to take a stand" " and show the world that I'm comin' out - she's comin' out" "No, no, no!" "It's all wrong!" "I'm the king who's bringing back trollstice." "I need a bib to match." "Yes, sire." " I look like a child in this one." " Oh, sire!" "I need something elegant, sophisticated." "You know, a man's bib." "Oh, he's so beautiful." "And so are you." " He'll know that I'm just a scullery maid." " No, no, no!" "I got to get out of here." "I'll be right here for you, Bridget." "We all will." " You'll tell me what to say, right?" " Of course, I will." "Of course, I will." "Just wait until we get inside." "Sire!" "I believe I have the perfect bib!" "It better be!" "Trollstice is tomorrow night." "I mean, I look good." "But I have to look great." "Right." "It's got a wing-dingle on it!" "Your majesty!" "Look at you!" "Such a big, big boy." "I love it!" "I think you look fat." "What?" "P-h, phat." "Then strike that pose." "P-h, phat!" "Hot lunch!" "Total honesty from a total babe." "And who might you be?" "Your name is..." " Lady!" " Glitter?" " Sparkles!" " Seriously?" "My name is lady glittersparkles, seriously." "Well, my lady glittersparkles." "Would you care to join me for an evening..." "At captain starfunkle's roller rink and arcade?" "Would I!" "Would I?" "Yes!" "You'd be delighted." "Yes!" "You'd be delighted." "Indeed, I would." "When are you gonna ask him about Creek?" "We have to warm him up first." "Don't you know anything about romance?" "Of course!" "I'm passionate about it." "Really?" "Don't you know anything about sarcasm?" "I think I had a sarcasm once." "And I'll take one of everything, bibbly." "Things are gonna get messy." "Enjoy your pizza." "Here's your tokens." "So fancy." "Good thing I brought my appetite." "You are fantastic!" "Bridget!" "Compliment him back!" "I like your back." "No!" "I meant say something nice about him." "But I do like his back." "Poppy, help her." "Your eyes..." "They're..." "Ooh!" "Your ears..." "Your eyes..." " Ears..." " Nose!" " Skin!" " Neck!" "Skin, neck, ears..." " Nose, face, back of your head." " Are you okay?" "Your teeth" "Teeth." "What's going on?" "Are you making fun of me?" "Your eyes!" "They're like..." "Two pools, so deep..." "I fear if I dive in..." "I might never come up for air." "I might never come up for air." "And your smile..." "The sun itself turns jealous..." "And refuses to come out from behind the clouds..." "Knowing it cannot shine half as bright." "I kinda do have a nice smile, don't I?" "Yes, you do." "I can't believe I'm about to say this..." "Guys, she's going rogue!" "But being here with you today..." "Makes me realize that true happiness is possible." "Whoa." "It is!" "True happiness is a lot closer than you think." "It's right here." "That's pretty, I guess." "What do you think now?" "Creek?" "I knew he was alive!" "Mr. Dinkles, he's alive!" "Oh, snap!" "You just talked!" " I've been savoring this little guy." " Help!" "Mercy!" "Tell me, my lady, will I be seeing you at the trollstice feast?" "Well, duh." "I'll be working." "It!" "It." "Working it." "You know..." "Workin' it." "Yeah!" "You're not kidding, you will." "Because you're gonna be there as my plus one." " Really?" " Assuming you'll say yes?" " Yes!" " Yes!" "Yes!" "Meantimes, maybe we should find some other way to..." "Work up an appetite." "Oh, yeah?" "What did you have in mind?" "Whoo!" "Whoo!" "Whoo!" "Your majesty." "You seem to be having..." "Fun." "I am!" "Meet the lovely lady glittersparkles." "You remind me of someone." "She's gonna be my plus one." "Oh, I see." "For a moment there I was concerned you were changing the plan." "Well, this won't be a problem at all, your highness." "I'll just get my worthless scullery maid to get..." "Another place setting ready for the lovely..." "Lady glittersparkles." "Put her place setting next to mine." "I want her right by my side..." "Hey!" "Lady glittersparkles?" "Lady glittersparkles!" "I'll see you at trollstice, yeah?" "I miss you already." "Ow!" "I think the king really likes us." "I know, right?" "That was the greatest day of my life!" "Thanks, Poppy." "Thanks to all of you!" "Even you, I guess." "I just never thought something like that could happen to me." "And it just did!" "I'm so excited I could just scream." "I could scream too!" "Creek is alive!" "Branch, what's wrong?" "Nothing." "I thought we were celebrating." "That's your happy shout?" "It's been a while." "Well, you're gonna have plenty of practice, because we're gonna save Creek..." "And life will be all cupcakes and rainbows again." "Up top!" "Too slow." " Yes!" " I knew it!" "Okay, everybody..." "Let's go save Creek." "No!" "No!" "You can't leave." "Lady glittersparkles is gonna be the king's plus one at dinner." "The dinner where they're serving troll?" "Yeah, I think we're gonna have to skip that one." "No!" "No, you have to help me be lady glittersparkles." "I need you." "You don't wanna pretend to be someone you're not forever!" "Then how about just for tomorrow?" "Bridget, you don't need us anymore." "You and the king can make each other happy!" "That's impossible!" "Only eating a troll can make you happy." "Everyone knows that!" "I wish I'd never gone on this stupid date!" "Bridget..." "Just go!" "Get out of my room." "Leave me alone." "Please, listen." "Bridget!" " We've gotta go." " Bridget..." "What's going on down there?" "Bridget, scrub that dish!" "The king's bringing a plus one." "Yes, chef." "We can do this, Barnabus." "I just have to lose 30 pounds in the next eight hours." "There it is!" "I feel good i feel good" "I feel good i feel good" "I feel good" "Creek, we'll have you out of there in a second." " Hurry!" " It's stuck!" "Run!" "I feel love" "Hey, guys!" "Over here!" " Everyone, get in!" " Let's go." " Branch, give him to me." " Go!" "Just go!" "Everybody hold on!" "Hold it steady, guys." "Satin, Chenille, sharp right!" "Let's do it!" "Guy Diamond, glitter him!" "Eat glitter!" "Look!" "Hold on!" "Creek!" "Branch!" "We got you!" "Gotcha!" "No!" "He can't be gone." "I'm sorry, Poppy." "We're too late." "Actually..." "Your timing is perfect." "Sorry, but I can't have you leaving before tomorrow's dinner." "A dinner to which you are all invited." "And when I say all..." "I mean every troll in troll village." "You'll never find them." "Not where they're hiding." "You're right." "I couldn't find them." "But I could with someone they know." "Someone they trust." "Someone..." "Like this guy." "Creek!" "You're alive!" "He's so cool." "Yes!" "He's selling us out!" "Branch!" "Wait!" "I'm sure there's a reasonable explanation." "At least give him a chance." "Thank you, Poppy." "I'm selling you out." "No, stop!" "No, wait!" "You better explain yourself, Creek!" "As I was about to accept my fate..." "I had, what I can only describe as..." "A spiritual awakening." "I don't wanna die!" "Don't eat me." "Eat someone else." "Anyone else." "Everyone else." "But not me!" "But the king wants to be happy now." "Wait!" "Wait!" "There must be some other way." "I'll do anything." "No!" "Creek, please don't do this." "Believe me..." "I wish there was some other me-not-getting-eaten way." "But there isn't." "And now I have to live with this for the rest of my life." "At least you get to die with a clear conscience." "So, in a way..." "You could say..." "I'm doing this for you." "Boop!" "Listen." "It's Poppy's cowbell!" "My baby did it!" "Poppy did it!" "Creek?" "Uh-oh." "Trollstice!" "Trollstice!" "Trollstice!" "Now let's prepare the main course." "The trolls!" "Poppy?" "Poppy!" "Thank goodness you're all right." "I'm doing great." "I got everybody I love thrown in a pot." "Thanks for asking." "Poppy?" "Are you being..." "Sarcastic?" "Yes!" "Oh, my god!" "I'm sorry." "I don't know why i thought I could save you." "All I wanted to do was keep everyone safe, like you did, dad." "But I couldn't." "Poppy." "I let everyone down." "But, Poppy..." "You were right, Branch." "The world isn't all cupcakes and rainbows." "Poppy." "You with the sad eyes" "don't be discouraged" "oh, I realize it's hard to take courage in a world full of people you can lose sight of it all the darkness inside you can make you feel so small" "What are you doing?" "The king is waiting." "Get those trolls out there!" "Sorry, chef." "Oh, you are sorry." "Show me a smile then don't be unhappy, can't remember when" "I last saw you laughing this world makes you crazy and you've taken all you can bear just call me up 'cause I will always be there and I see your true colors shining through" "I see your true colors and that's why I love you" "so don't be afraid to let them show your true colors true colors are beautiful" "I see your true colors" " shining through - true colors" "I see your true colors that's why I love you so don't be afraid to let them show your true colors true colors are beautiful" "like a rainbow like a rainbow" " Thank you!" " No." "Thank you." " For what?" " For showing me how to be happy." "Really?" "You're finally happy?" "Now?" "I think so." "Happiness is inside of all of us, right?" "Sometimes, you just need someone to help you find it." "What's gonna happen now, Princess Poppy?" "I don't know." "But I know we're not giving up." "No." "This is it, Mr. Dinkles." "This is it." "Poppy!" "Bridget?" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "What are you doing?" "I can't let them eat you." " But..." " Come on!" "You gotta go!" "Hurry!" "Go, go, go!" "Get out of here!" "No!" "Bridget, if you go in there without us, you know what they'll do." "I know." "But, Bridget..." "It's okay." "It's okay, Poppy." "You showed me what it feels like to be happy." "I never would have known if it wasn't for you." "And I love you for that." "I love you too, Bridget." "Bridget!" "Go on, now." "You have to hurry!" "Come with us." "And make it easier for them to find you?" "No way!" "You have to go." "Now!" "Bridget!" "Bye, Poppy." "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Wait!" "Chef, shouldn't we wait for lady glittersparkles?" "You are absolutely right." "Now, everyone, there will be no trolls until..." "The king's plus one has arrived." "Boo!" "We've waited long enough!" "Unless..." "Unless, what?" "Well, unless she doesn't come at all." "But that's crazy talk." "Who wouldn't wanna be with you?" "Yeah." "Maybe we should start." "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Trolls!" "Yeah!" "Go!" "Come on." "Hurry!" "Come on." "Everybody, let's go." "No troll left behind!" "Watch your step." "Poppy?" "Bridget just ruined her life to save ours." "It's not right!" "She deserves to be happy as much as we do." "They all do!" "All right, everybody." "Who's ready to eat trolls?" "King Gristle..." "There is only one thing that will ever make you happy..." "And only one bergen who can provide it." "Bon appг©tit!" "They're gone!" "Gone?" "They're gone?" "Bridget..." "What did you do?" "You ate them!" "You greedy, greedy pig." "No!" "I..." "She ruined trollstice!" "Guards, lock her up!" "Let's get her!" "Lady glittersparkles?" "What?" "But how?" "Why?" "Why did you do this?" "Because she didn't think you would want someone like her." "I mean, hello?" "Is it me you're looking for?" "I don't think so." "Guards, finish her!" "No." "Wait!" "King Gristle, when you were with Bridget, you were feeling something, weren't you?" "Yeah, I was." "I just thought it was too much pizza." "Me, too." "That feeling?" "That was happiness." "What?" "But you have to eat a troll to be happy." "Everyone knows that!" "Don't you?" "But King Gristle's never eaten a troll in his life, right?" "No, I haven't." "Yet, here I am." "My belly empty..." "And my heart full." "Don't listen to her!" "There's only one way to be happy." "My way!" "No!" "With me in charge..." "I'll serve you troll every day of the year." "With me as queen..." "All of life will be a never-ending feast of happiness!" "Come on, eat!" "Eat!" "No!" "Happiness isn't something you put inside." "It's already there." "Sometimes you just need someone to help you find it." "Can I really be happy?" " I want to be happy!" " And me!" "And what about me?" "Do you really think I can be happy?" "Of course!" "It's inside you!" "It's inside of all of us!" "And I don't think it." "I feel it!" "I got this feeling inside my bones it goes electric wavy when I turn it on" "and if you want it inside your soul just open up your heart let music take control" "I've got that sunshine in my pocket got that good soul in my feet" "I feel that hot blood in my body when it drops" "I can't take my eyes up off it moving so phenomenally the room on lock the way we rock it so don't stop under the lights, when everything goes nowhere to hide when I'm getting you close" "can't stop, won't stop when we move well you already know let's go, let's work so just imagine, just imagine, just imagine nothing I can see but you when you dance, dance, dance" "feel the good-good creeping up on you so just dance, dance, dance, come on all those things I shouldn't do but you dance, dance, dance and ain't nobody leaving soon so keep dancing" "I can't stop the feeling so just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling so just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling so just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling so keep dancing, come on" "yeah I can't stop the..." "My eyes!" "Let's do it!" "I can't stop the" "I can't stop the" "I can't stop the" "I can't stop the i can't stop the" "I can't stop the feeling nothing I can see but you when you dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling feel the good creeping up on you so just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling all those things I shouldn't do but you dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling and ain't nobody leaving soon so keep dancing" "I can't stop the feeling got this feeling in my body" "I can't stop the feeling got this feeling in my body" "I can't stop the feeling wanna see you move your body" "I can't stop the feeling got this feeling in my body, come on" "Our new queen!" " Go, Queen Poppy!" " Way to go, Poppy!" "You did it!" "Alright, Queen Poppy!" "She's my friend!" "I know her!" "So just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling so just dance, dance, dance" "I can't stop the feeling so keep dancing, come on" "I know it's not officially hug time yet, but..." "Now that I am queen, i decree that hug time is all the time." "I can't stop the" "I can't stop the" "Up high!" "I can't stop the feeling" "Yeah!" "Yeah!" "Got this feeling in my body" "I can't stop the feeling got this feeling in my body, come on" "do you remember the 21st night of September love was changing the minds of pretenders while chasing the clouds away" "our hearts were ringing in the key that our souls were singing as we danced in the night remember how the stars stole the night away" "the bell was ringing, oh and our souls were singing do you remember never was a cloudy day, oh" "break it down for me say do you remember ooh dancing in September" "do you remember dancing in September and it never was a cloudy day" "come on we're dancing in September" "But wait, wait, wait." |
With the retail of DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs, the greater the number of variations of a movie work (title) that can be sold on a single disk, the greater the added value of the product. Scenario data called static scenarios and dynamic scenarios plays a positive role in increasing the number of title variations. A static scenario is information showing a playback path defined in advance by a disk creator. In comparison, a dynamic scenario is a scenario that dynamically changes the progress of playback according to a status setting of the device.
FIGS. 1A-1C show a dynamic scenario. The dynamic scenario realizes a “language credit” for switching playback scenes according to a language setting in the playback device. In FIGS. 1A-1C, “PL” is short for PlayList, which is a playback path, and “PI” is short for PlayItem, which is a playback section. The dynamic scenario in FIGS. 1A-1C realizes conditional playback such that if the language setting (SPRM(0)) in the playback device is “Japanese” (i.e. “if (SPRM(0))==Japanese”), playback section PI#1 of playback path PL#4 (PL#4, PI#1) is played, and if the language setting in the playback device is other than PL#4 (i.e. “else”), playback section PI#1 of playback path PL#2 (PL#2, PI#1) is played. As a result of this conditional playback, playback is performed via playback paths that differ depending on the language setting made by the user. The arrows hb1 and hb2 in FIG. 1B symbolically show the conditional branching that results from a dynamic scenario. The prior art relating to DVD playback controls includes the known technology disclosed in Japanese patent application no. 2856363.
However, if the user conducts a menu call while the playback device is executing a playback control in accordance with an internal status setting, there is a danger that the status setting of the playback device will be altered. A menu call is an on-demand type branch for branching to a status-setting routine in the playback device triggered by the user depressing a menu key. Being a call rather than a jump, the menu call follows processing (1) for saving a value held in a register of the playback device prior to the execution of the status-setting routine, and follows processing (2) for restoring the saved value to the register after the execution of the status-setting routine. Register-held values that are saved and restored show the current point in time of playback. As such, even if the user requests a menu call in the middle of a playback path, thereby initiating a status-setting routine, playback is resumed from immediately after the previous playback position once the status-setting routine has ended.
In the example given here, the language setting in the playback device is English, and the playback time in FIGS. 1A-1C is over PL#2, which is the playback path specifically for English. If a menu call is conducted in the above state and the status setting in the playback device is updated from English to Japanese, the playback device loses the position for resuming playback. This is because it does not make sense to resume playback on the English language playback path when the language setting has changed from English to Japanese as a result of the menu call. Also, the setting of a meaningless playback position risks inviting a hang up when software is implemented in the playback device.
These difficulties can be avoided by uniformly prohibiting menu calls. However, when a number of versions of a movie work are recorded on a single optical disk, it is fully conceivable that a title that does not execute language credits is recorded on the optical disk. Uniformly preventing menu calls during the playback of titles shows a lack of consideration to the user.
An object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium capable of executing menu calls in response to the particular characteristics of individual titles when different versions of a movie work are recorded on a single recording medium. |
Carbon nanostructures include single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT), fullerenes, nanodiamonds, and nanoonions, and such nanostructures can be manufactured in various manners.
For example, in one relatively common manner, nanotubes can be produced by electric arc discharge. Nanotubes formed by such a process are typically MWNT. To produce SWNT, various catalytic metals (e.g., cobalt) can be added to the graphite electrodes. Arc discharge typically provides relatively low yield. Moreover, the so formed nanotubes will have in most cases relatively large inhomogeneity in length and chirality. Fullerenes can be obtained in similar manner from soot prepared in an arc generator using a carbonaceous electrode (typically without catalyst). When the electrodes are immersed in water, nanoonions can be formed that float to the surface of the water. So formed fullerenes and nanoonions can then be processed (typically in a shockwave compression) to form nanodiamonds.
Alternatively, especially where increased yield or localized synthesis of nanostructures is desired, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can be employed in which a feed gas (e.g., methane or ethylene) is decomposed in the presence of a metal catalyst to grow nanotubes. For example, numerous nanotubes can be grown at the same time on a silicon dioxide template (that can be patterned) in predetermined positions. Such process may further be modified by the choice of the particular catalyst to influence the type of nanotube that is to be produced. While CVD synthesis is directional and relatively simple, industrial significant yields are typically not achieved. CVD was reported to also yield nanodiamonds under certain conditions, however, other nanostructures are rarely formed using CVD.
In yet another manner, laser ablation may be employed in which a laser pulse evaporates a solid target of graphite that contains a small amount of metal catalyst (˜1 atomic % Ni and ˜1% Co). The ablated material is transferred into a background gas (e.g., Ar) which is gently flowing through a quartz tube inside a high temperature (e.g., 1000° C.) oven. Laser ablation generally allows for tighter control of reaction conditions, and with that tends to provide a more defined population of nanotubes. Furthermore, nanotubes (and also fullerenes under certain conditions) can be produced in relatively good quantities. However, such a process is relatively energy consuming, requires expensive equipment, and highly trained personnel.
Other less common methods of forming nanostructures include plasma based synthesis of nanotubes. Such methods advantageously allow for mass production of nanotubes, but generally require megawatt quantities of energy. Similarly, nanostructures have been produced by impulse heating of fluorinated graphite dust in a 27.12 MHz inductively coupled plasma. Again, which such method may yield a relatively high yield of SWNT, the energy demand in most cases is cost-prohibitive. “Two-dimensional” carbon nanostructures, and particularly graphene, were until recently thought to be difficult, if not even impossible to manufacture. However, advances in plasma assisted CVD have yielded doped carbon flakes as described in WO 2004/095494, and more recently, graphene layers were reported that were extracted as an individual plane from a graphite crystal (Novoselov et al., Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films, Science 2004 306: 666-669).
Therefore, while various materials and methods for manufacture of carbon nanostructures are known in the art, all or almost all of them suffer from one or more disadvantages, especially where large quantities of carbon nanostructures are desired. Thus, there is still a need to provide improved compositions and methods for manufacture of carbon nanostructures. |
The invention relates to rotary drill bits for use in drilling or coring holes in subsurface formations, and particularly to polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drag bits.
A rotary drill bit of the kind to which the present invention relates comprises a bit body having a shank for connection to a drill string and a passage for supplying drilling fluid to the face of the bit, which carries a plurality of preform cutting elements each formed, at least in part, from polycrystalline diamond. One common form of cutting element comprises a tablet, usually circular or part-circular, made up of a superhard table of polycrystalline diamond, providing the front Cutting face of the element, bonded to a substrate which is usually of cemented tungsten carbide.
The bit body may be machined from solid metal, usually steel, or may be moulded using a powder metallurgy process in which tungsten carbide powder is infiltrated with metal alloy binder in a furnace so as to form a hard matrix.
While such PDC bits have been very successful in drilling relatively soft formations, they have been less successful in drilling harder formations and soft formations which include harder occlusions or stringers. Although good rates of penetration are possible in harder formations, the PDC cutters suffer accelerated wear and bit life can be too short to be commercially acceptable.
Recent studies have suggested that the rapid wear of PDC bits in harder formations is due to chipping of the cutters as a result of impact loads caused by vibration, and that the most harmful vibrations can be attributed to a phenomenon called "bit whirl". ("Bit Whirl--A New Theory of PDC Bit Failure"--paper No. SPE 19571 by J. F. Brett, T. M. Warren and S. M. Behr, Society of Petroleum Engineers, 64th Annual Technical Conference, San Antonio, Oct. 8-11, 1989). Bit whirl arises when the instantaneous axis of rotation of the bit precesses around the central axis of the hole when the diameter of the hole becomes slightly larger than the diameter of the bit. When a bit begins to whirl some cutters can be moving sideways or backwards relatively to the formation and may be moving at much greater velocity than if the bit were rotating truly. Once bit whirl has been initiated, it is difficult to stop since the forces resulting from the bit whirl, such as centrifugal forces, tend to reinforce the effect.
Attempts to inhibit the initiation of bit whirl by constraining the bit to rotate truly, i.e. with the axis of rotation of the bit coincident with the central axis of the hole, have not been particularly successful.
Although it is normally considered desirable for PDC drill bits to be rotationally balanced, in practice some imbalance is tolerated. Accordingly it is fairly common for PDC drill bits to be inherently imbalanced, i.e. when the bit is being run there is, due to the cutting, hydraulic and centrifugal forces acting on the bit, a resultant force acting on the bit, the lateral component of which force, during drilling, is balanced by an equal and opposite reaction from the sides of the borehole.
This resultant lateral force is commonly referred to as the bit imbalance force and is usually represented as a percentage of the weight-on-bit since it is almost directly proportional to weight-on-bit. It has been found that certain imbalanced bits are less susceptible to bit whirl than other, more balanced bits. ("Development of a Whirl Resistant Bit"--paper No. SPE 19572 by T. M. Warren, Society of Petroleum Engineers, 64th Annual Technical Conference, San Antonio, Oct. 8--11, 1989). Investigation of this phenomenon has suggested that in such less susceptible bits the resultant lateral imbalance force is directed towards a portion of the bit gauge which happens to be free of cutters and which is therefore making lower "frictional" contact with the formation than other parts of the gauge of the bit on which face gauge cutters are mounted. It is believed that, since a comparatively low friction part of the bit is being urged against the formation by the imbalance force, slipping occurs between this part of the bit and the formation and the rotating bit therefore has less tendency to process, or "walk", around the hole, thus initiating bit whirl.
(Although, for convenience, reference is made herein to "frictional" contact between the bit gauge and formation, this expression is not intended to be limited only to rubbing contact, but should be understood to include any form of engagement between the bit gauge and formation which applies a restraining force to rotation of the bit. Thus, it is intended to ,include, for example, engagement of the formation by any cutters or abrasion elements which may be mounted on the part of the gauge being referred to.)
This has led to the suggestion that bit whirl might be reduced by deliberately designing the bit so that it is imbalanced, and providing a low friction pad on the bit body for engaging the surface of the formation in the region towards which the resultant lateral force due to the imbalance is directed. Anti-whirl bits of this type are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,982,802.
However, there may be circumstances during operation of such a drill bit when the lateral imbalance force is, temporarily, not directed towards the low friction pad. In the case where the lateral force is generated by the engagement between the cutting elements and the formation, for example, the direction of the force may change when the weight-on-bit is reduced or when the bit is lifted off the bottom of the hole while still rotating. In such circumstances the resultant lateral imbalance force, although reduced in magnitude, may be directed towards a region of the gauge of the bit away from the low friction pad or pads, and where cutters are mounted. The engagement of such cutters with the formation may then be sufficient to initiate bit whirl, which may persist after the bit re-engages the bottom of the hole.
Such temporary re-direction of the imbalance force may also occur as a result of vibration while drilling, or as a result of the bit, or some of the cutters, striking harder occlusions in the formation, or as a result of temporary variation in the hydraulic forces acting on the bit. In each case there is a risk of bit whirl being initiated.
It is an object of the invention to inhibit the initiation of bit whirl, in such circumstances, by using secondary elements to limit the extent to which certain cutters on the bit body may cut into the surrounding formation, thereby limiting the "frictional" engagement of those cutters with the formation.
It is also known, in drill bits of the kind first referred to, to provide on the rearward side of at least certain of the preform cutting elements, which may be regarded as primary cutting elements, secondary abrasion elements which are set slightly below (or inwardly of) the primary cutting profile defined by the primary cutting elements. Such an arrangement is described, for example, in U.S. patent specification No. 4718505.
(In this specification, the "primary cutting profile" is defined to mean a generally smooth notional surface which is swept out by the cutting edges of the primary cutting elements as the bit rotates without axial movement. The secondary profile is similarly defined as the notional surface swept out by the secondary elements.)
With such an arrangement, during normal operation of the drill bit the major portion of the cutting or abrading action of the bit is performed by the preform primary cutting elements in the normal manner. However, should a primary cutting element wear rapidly or fracture, so as to be rendered ineffective, for example by striking a harder formation, the associated secondary abrasion element takes over the abrading action of the cutting element, thus permitting continued use of the drill bit. Provided the primary cutting element has not fractured or failed completely, it may resume some cutting or abrading action when the drill bit passes once more into softer formation.
The present invention is based on the realization that the provision of secondary cutting elements may also help to reduce or eliminate bit whirl, provided that the secondary cutting elements are located and arranged in an appropriate manner. The invention therefore relates to the appropriate disposition of secondary cutting elements on a drill bit, not only on an anti-whirl bit of the kind referred to above, thereby to improve its inherent anti-whirl characteristics, but also to reduce or eliminate the tendency to whirl of other drill bits which are otherwise of more conventional design. |
Wide-scope analysis of veterinary drug and pesticide residues in animal feed by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
A fast and generic method has been developed for the simultaneous monitoring of >250 pesticides and veterinary drugs (VDs) in animal feed. A 'dilute-and-shoot' extraction with water and acetonitrile (1% formic acid) followed by a clean-up step with Florisil cartridges was applied. The extracts were analysed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid analyser quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry using both positive and negative electrospray ionisation. The detection of the residues was accomplished by retention time and accurate mass using an in-house database. The identification of the detected compounds was carried out by searching of fragment ions for each compound and isotopic pattern. The optimised method was validated and recoveries ranged from 60% to 120% at three concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μg kg(-1)) for 30%, 68% and 80% of compounds, respectively, included in the database (364) in chicken feed. Document SANCO 12495/2011 and Directive 2002/657/CE were used as guidelines for method validation. Intra-day and inter-day precisions, expressed as relative standard deviations, were lower than 20% for more than 90% of compounds. The limits of quantification ranged from 4 to 200 μg kg(-1) for most analytes, which are sufficient to verify compliance of products with legal tolerances. The applicability of the procedure was further tested on different types of feed (chicken, hen, rabbit and horse feed), evaluating recoveries and repeatability. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of 18 feed samples, detecting some VDs (sulfadiazine, trimethoprim, robenidin and monensin Na) and only one pesticide (chlorpyrifos). |
The use of such metal cutting tool assemblies has been known for some time, particularly in connection with parting, grooving and face turning operations. The use of such assemblies, particularly with their readily exchangeable or replaceable adaptors, is advantageous when the same tool block is to be used for differing types of cutting inserts, and it is desired to be able to replace these cutting inserts without removing the block from the machine tool to which it is attached. Alternatively, situations may arise where the particular type of cutting operations require the use of differing types of tool blocks, albeit for the same type of cutting insert. In those circumstances, the use of a standard adaptor to which the cutting insert can be clamped is particularly advantageous for it allows for the ready coupling of the cutting insert via the standard adaptor to differing types of tool blocks.
Known adaptors of this kind are formed with a pair of integral jaws which define between them an insert receiving slot for receiving the cutting insert, means being provided for biasing the jaws towards each other so as to clamp the cutting insert in an operative position. |
Assessment of erythroid dysplasia by "difference from normal" in routine clinical flow cytometry work-up.
Introduction: While multidimensional flow cytometry (MDF) has great utility in diagnostic work-ups of patients with suspected myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), only the myeloid lineage has demonstrated reproducible abnormalities from multiple laboratories. With the effects of ammonium chloride (NH4 Cl) lysis on erythroid progenitors previously described, we applied this protocol to a patient cohort with diagnosed MDS to investigate phenotypic abnormalities that indicate erythroid dysplasia. Method: Bone marrow specimens [39 MDS, 9 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 7 JAK2V617F positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), 5 nutritional deficiencies] were processed by NH4 Cl lysis and Ficoll preparation and evaluated by MDF using a difference from normal algorithm. Results: For the MDS cohort, phenotypic abnormalities on the mature erythroid progenitors were frequent for CD71 and CD36 (36% for each antigen); abnormalities for CD235a (8%) were observed. Among immature erythroid progenitors, abnormal maturation patterns (≤5%) and increased CD105 intensity (9%) were seen. Increased frequency of CD105 bright cells was observed (18%). While antigenic abnormalities correlated between NH4 Cl lysis and Ficoll preparation, the lysis method demonstrated the most consistent quantitative antigen intensities. Mean erythroid phenotypic abnormalities and prognostic cytogenetic subgroups correlated strongly. Morphologic and erythroid phenotypic abnormalities correlated, as did increasing FCSS and number of erythroid abnormalities, albeit without further increase for AML patients. Discussion: These data expand the understanding of erythropoiesis and define immunophenotypic abnormalities that indicate dyserythropoiesis in MDS utilizing a lysis protocol practical for routine implementation in clinical flow cytometric work-up. Preliminary studies also indicate strong correlation between phenotypic erythroid dysplasia and poor prognosis, as classified cytogenetically. © 2014 Clinical Cytometry Society. |
The present invention relates generally to waste disposal devices using packs of flexible tubing, and more particularly, to improved health care apparatus for the sanitary and odorless packaging and disposal of diapers and similar or related waste, medical waste, industrial waste and any other waste wherein sanitary and substantially odorless disposal is desired.
The present invention also relates to replaceable cartridges of tubing for a waste disposal device and rotation mechanisms for rotating such a tubing cartridge, some of which provide for automatic rotation of the tubing cartridge.
The present invention also relates to waste disposal devices using packs of flexible tubing and including a compacting mechanism which compacts the waste.
In households having an infant or very young child wearing disposable diapers, a diaper pail is usually placed in the bathroom or nursery for the receipt and disposal of soiled diapers.
One prior art construction of a diaper pail comprises a large garbage can-like container which receives a plastic bag. The bag is inserted into the interior of the container, with the upper portion thereof being folded over a top rim of the container to maintain the bag in engagement therewith. A cover member is attached to the container and is movable between a closed position in which the cover member is situated over the top rim of the container to cover the open end of the bag, and an open position in which the open end of the bag is uncovered and thereby enables the placement of a soiled diaper into the bag. A foot pedal is provided and coupled to the cover member to enable the cover member to be moved from the closed position to the open position by depressing the foot pedal.
Another prior art diaper pail is sold under the trademark xe2x80x9cDiaper Geniexe2x80x9d. Diaper pails of the xe2x80x9cDiaper Geniexe2x80x9d(trademark) type are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,049 (Richards et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,590,512 (Richards et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,813,200 (Jacoby et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,128,890 (Firth) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,170,240 (Jacoby et al.).
The diaper pails shown in these patents generally comprise a container formed with an internal ring-shaped flange. A tubular core or cartridge rests on the flange and houses a continuous length of flexible, substantially non-resilient plastic tubing. A twist rim is rotatably coupled to the cartridge such that rotation of the twist rim causes twisting of the tubing. Means are provided to hold a diaper stationary when the twist rim rotates to twist the tubing and seal an end of the diaper to form a twisted closure. A cover is removably attached to the container and includes a lid. To prepare the diaper pail for use, the cover is removed, an end of the tubing is removed from the cartridge and pulled upward and tied into a knot. The knotted end is then placed into the container over an annular flange to form a waste insertion reservoir or chamber bounded by the tubing. The cover is re-attached to the container and the diaper pail is ready for use. In use, a soiled diaper is inserted into the waste insertion reservoir bounded by the tubing and the twist rim is then manually rotated as the diaper is held stationary to cause the diaper to be encapsulated in the tubing by the formation of a twist in the tubing above the diaper. Rotation of the twist rim also causes an additional amount of tubing to be removed from the cartridge and be pushed into the waste insertion reservoir to prepare it for a subsequent insertion of a diaper. The subsequent insertion of another diaper into the waste insertion reservoir causes the previously encapsulated diaper to pass into the hollow interior of the container. A series of connected, closed and encapsulated waste packages is created and the encapsulation process can be continued until the tubing is exhausted or the container is full. When the container is full but tubing remains, the uppermost package is severed above its upper twisted closure, the severed end of the tubing is tied into a knot and an access door pivotally connected to the bottom end of the container is opened for the removal of the packages.
A major inconvenience of diaper pails of the xe2x80x9cDiaper Geniexe2x80x9d(trademark) type is that it is necessary to manually tie both ends of the tubing to use the diaper pail. That is, initially, upon insertion of a new cartridge, an end of the tubing is removed from the cartridge and must be tied into a knot, the knotted end then being pushed into the container to form the waste insertion chamber. Thereafter, when the container is full but tubing remains in the cartridge, the tubing is severed at a location above the upper twisted closure of the uppermost encapsulated waste package and the severed end of the tubing must be tied into a knot to prevent the series of waste packages from unwinding. The free end of the tubing remaining in the cartridge is again tied into a knot and pushed into the container to enable another series of encapsulated waste packages to be formed.
The necessary, multiple tyings of the tubing is bothersome and moreover, when the knots are not made sufficiently strong, unpleasant odors emanating from the waste packages can escape through the knots.
Another problem with diaper pails of the xe2x80x9cDiaper Geniexe2x80x9d(trademark) type is that cutting the tubing is difficult and requires the use of a manually operable cutting instrument. This cutting instrument does not enable easy cutting of the tubing.
Yet another problem with diaper pails of the xe2x80x9cDiaper Geniexe2x80x9d(trademark) type is that the series of waste packages are removed from the diaper pail through an access door pivotally connected to the bottom end of the container. The series of waste packages has been found to be difficult to handle during transfer to a waste receptacle such as a trash bag. Cleaning of the device is also difficult.
Still another problem with known diaper pails and other waste pails is that the person inserting a diaper or other waste material (such as medical waste) into the pail may not remember to rotate the twist rim after insertion of a soiled diaper or other waste. In this case, the waste is not encapsulated by the tubing and malodorous vapors or other potentially hazardous contaminants can escape from the pail. Although this would not prevent future use of the pail as the twist rim could be rotated before the next insertion of waste, it would likely result in the release of odors or other potentially hazardous contaminants. A waste pail which provides for automatic formation of a twist above a waste item after insertion of the waste into the pail is therefore desirable.
Another problem with known diaper and waste pails is that because the diaper or waste pail comes into contact with the series of waste packages, it is liable to become dirty and cleaning of the pail is cumbersome as the access door must be opened, the pail turned over and then the inside surfaces cleaned. A diaper or waste pail which affords easier cleaning for the surfaces which come into contact with the series of waste packages is therefore desirable.
It is an object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices, in particular for use in the disposal of disposable diapers, medical wastes and industrial waste.
It is another object of the present invention to provide improved waste disposal devices for the medical and health case industries for use in, for example, hospitals, doctors"" offices, operating rooms, nursing homes, out-patient care and the home health care industry for disposal of non xe2x80x9csharpsxe2x80x9d including adult diapers, bloody/soiled bandages, dressings, disposable bibs, xe2x80x9cchucksxe2x80x9d and clothing, medical gloves and dialysis machine filters and other disposal medical waste.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices which use flexible tubing to dispose of waste packages.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices in which encapsulation of waste packages occurs automatically upon closing a cover of the device or depressing a foot pedal.
It is another object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices in which waste products are encapsulated and compacted.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices in which tying of flexible tubing used to dispose of waste packages is unnecessary.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new and improved waste disposal device which effectively contains and prevents the release of odors from waste packages.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide new and improved cartridges for waste disposal devices which retain flexible tubing.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide new and improved waste disposal devices in which a series of encapsulated waste packages are formed and can be removed from the device in an easy and expeditious manner.
It is another object of the present invention to provide new and improved diaper pails which alleviate a problem in known diaper pails, namely the need to remember to rotate a twist rim on a diaper pail after insertion of a soiled diaper in order to encapsulate the diaper.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an automatic twist mechanism for a diaper (or other waste) pail which eliminates problems associated with the required manual, twisting of a twist rim in order to encapsulate a soiled diaper or other waste product.
In order to achieve at least some of the above objects, a waste disposal device in accordance with the invention generally includes a container defining a waste receiving chamber and a cartridge arranged in the container and containing a length of flexible tubing for encapsulating waste packages after placement of a waste package in the container, with the encapsulated waste packages being retained in the waste receiving chamber. A lid is coupled to the container and is movable between an open position in which the waste receiving chamber is accessible and a closed position in which the waste receiving chamber is covered. A retention mechanism is arranged in the container to hold the waste package.
A rotation mechanism is provided to cause relative rotation between the cartridge and the retention mechanism in order to cause a twist to be formed above a waste package when the waste package is being held by the retention mechanism and thereby encapsulate the waste package in the tubing. That is, either the cartridge is rotated while the retention mechanism is stationary or the retention mechanism is rotated while the cartridge is stationary.
Encapsulation of the waste package prevents the release of odors from the waste package and thus, the invention provides a convenient and sanitary disposal of the waste packages. Once encapsulated, the waste package is urged further into the container upon a subsequent insertion of another waste package. A series of encapsulated waste packages is thus created in the waste receiving chamber of the container, each package contained within a portion of the tubing and sealed at each end by the twisting process. However, the front end of the tubing is not sealed by the twisting process and must be closed by another method, possibly as disclosed below.
It is conceivable that the cartridge can also be rotated upon rotation of the retention mechanism, although this would require some additional operation in order to form a twist in the tubing and encapsulation of the waste packages.
The rotation mechanism may take many forms. In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism is actuated automatically by pressing or depressing a foot pedal, pushbutton or the like. In the alternative, the rotation mechanism may be actuated automatically based on closing and/or opening of the lid. In this manner, one does not need to remember to turn a twist rim, as in conventional waste disposal devices of a similar type, in order to cause a waste package to be encapsulated.
An exemplifying embodiment of a retention mechanism includes a frame defining a waste passage through which the waste package passes and resilient springs connected to the frame and extending inward into the waste passage to engage with and hold the waste package. The frame may be fixed to the container in embodiments wherein the cartridge is being rotated and the retention mechanism is stationary. In embodiments wherein the retention mechanism is rotated and the cartridge stationary, the retention mechanism can additionally include a support flange connected to the frame for supporting the cartridge and an annular ring connected to the support flange and including a gear rim or other toothed structure. The retention mechanism is rotatably supported on the container by, for example, a flange on which the annular ring rests. The gear rim is designed to be rotated by the rotation mechanism to thereby cause rotation of the frame and any waste package held by the resilient springs. An appropriate mechanism is provided to prevent rotation of the cartridge supporting on the support flange of the retention mechanism. Instead of supporting the cartridge directly on the support flange or the retention mechanism in general, it can be removably secured to the container apart from the retention mechanism.
One embodiment of a rotation mechanism for rotating the retention mechanism including the gear rim described above, as well as others disclosed herein having a gear rim, includes a motor having a shaft and providing rotational movement to the shaft and a gear arranged on the shaft and in engagement with the gear rim. As such, rotation of the shaft causes rotation of the gear and gear rim which in turn causes rotation of the frame and any waste package held by the resilient springs connected to the frame. The rotation mechanism may be housed in a compartment defined by a wall inside the container, to prevent the waste packages from damaging the rotation mechanism. The wall includes a slot through which the gear rim extends into engagement with the gear mounted on the shaft. In the alternative, the gear may extend through the slot into engagement with the gear rim.
A compacting mechanism may be provided to compact the waste packages. This is particularly advantageous for medical waste such as is generated by doctors in doctor""s offices. The compacting mechanism can be actuated by the same motor which causes rotation of the retention mechanism. In an exemplifying embodiment, the compacting mechanism includes a rotatable shaft extending between opposite sides of the waste chamber, preferably supported on both sides, with a front end of the tubing from the cartridge being connected to the shaft prior to use of the waste disposal device. When the motor is actuated, the shaft is rotated and the tubing having waste packages encapsulated therein is rolled around the shaft thereby compacting any waste package encapsulated by the tubing. The waste package are encapsulated by the formation of twists above the waste packages in the manner described above.
Another rotation mechanism for rotating a retention mechanism having a gear rim as described above comprises a series of gears mounted on a flange in the container and a pedal mounted exterior of the container and connected to a pulley. A cable passes over this pulley and is fixed at one end to the container and windable about a shaft at its other end so that movement of the pedal in a slot causes the shaft to rotate. A gear is mounted on the shaft and a clutch assembly is interposed between the gear and the gear rim in order to transfer the rotational force of the gear to the gear rim. The clutch assembly is constructed to provide for a unidirectional transmission of rotational force from the gear to the gear rim. To this end, the clutch assembly may comprise a clutch member having a gear portion in meshing engagement with the gear mounted on the shaft. The clutch member is mounted about a drive spindle connected to a drive gear which in turn is in meshing engagement with an idler gear. The idler gear is in meshing engagement with a gear rim formed on the retention mechanism. The clutch member is constructed to engage or disengage from the drive spindle so that the rotational force is transferred to the drive only upon movement of the pedal in one direction and not the opposite direction.
An alternative rotation mechanism for rotating a retention mechanism without a gear rim includes a pulley attached to the retention mechanism and a pulley attached to the shaft of the motor or to the shaft of the compacting mechanism, if present. A cable is threaded through the pulleys and guided by guide pulleys if necessary so that the rotation of the shaft of the motor or the shaft of the compacting mechanism is converted into rotational movement of the retention mechanism via the cable. The retention mechanism in this case includes a frame, resilient springs connected to the frame, the pulley and an annular ring around the frame with the retention mechanism being rotatably supported on the container by, for example, the annular ring resting on a flange of the container.
In an embodiment wherein the rotation mechanism is manually actuated, the rotation mechanism comprises a handle situated at least partially outside of the container and movable in a slot in an outer wall of the container and a mechanism for converting movement of the handle into unidirectional rotational movement of the frame of the retention mechanism to thereby rotate the frame, the resilient springs and a waste package engaged by the resilient springs relative to the tubing in the cartridge. Uni-directional rotational movement of the frame is necessary to prevent unwinding of the twists in the tubing. One manner to accomplish this is to provide an inner ring connected to the frame and having grooves on an inner face and a first, movable outer ring surrounding the inner ring and connected to the handle. The first outer ring includes a pin engaging with the grooves on the inner ring so that upon sliding movement of the handle, the first outer ring rotates, and via the engagement of the pin with the grooves in the inner ring, the inner ring and frame rotate. Also, a second, stationary outer ring is connected to the container and has grooves on an inner face. A pin connected to the inner ring engages with the grooves on the second outer ring to prevent return movement of the frame. As such, the frame rotates only when the handle is moved in a xe2x80x9cforwardxe2x80x9d direction and not when the handle is moved in a xe2x80x9creversexe2x80x9d direction. Repeated forward and reverse movement of the handles will thus result in multiple twists in the tubing.
To allow for easy removal of the series of encapsulated waste packages from the container, a pail, or another comparable removable waste receptacle, may be placed in the container on a base for receiving the encapsulated waste packages and an access door is formed in an outer wall of the container to enable removal and emptying of the pail. The pail may be lined with a trash bag so that when the pail is removed, the trash bag is closed and sealed with the series of encapsulated waste packages therein.
In the alternative, a hamper can be provided having an outer wall constituting a portion of the outer wall of the container and defining the waste receiving chamber. The hamper may be pivotally attached to the container so that by pivoting the hamper outward, the series of encapsulated waste packages is exposed and thus easily removable from the hamper.
In the embodiments described above, the retention mechanism includes resilient springs which engage the waste package and prevent its rotation relative to the retention mechanism. Other mechanisms for preventing rotation of waste packages relative to a retaining structure are also contemplated within the scope of the invention.
For example, in another embodiment of a waste disposal device, the retention mechanism is constructed in connection with a rotatable pail situated in the container so that the first waste package is held stationary by the pail itself. The rotation mechanism in this embodiment is designed to rotate the pail while the cartridge is stationary. To this end, the rotation mechanism may comprise a turntable arranged below the pail, a string for manually causing rotation of the turntable (by pulling the string), with the turntable being in engagement with the pail via cooperating formations on the turntable and pail, and a mechanism for returning the turntable to is original position to be ready for a subsequent rotation via pulling of the string. The mechanism by which the turntable returns to its original position may be a torsion spring or the like.
The cartridge used in the waste disposal devices in accordance with the invention can be any conventional cartridge containing flexible tubing and defining a waste insertion chamber. However, a drawback of known cartridges is that the tubing generally must be tied or knotted both at the beginning and end of use. Therefore, in order to achieve additional objects of the invention, the waste disposal devices in accordance with the invention are designed to use a cartridge having tubing which can be closed and sealed at both ends without requiring tying of knots. One construction of such a cartridge includes a casing defining a cavity containing tubing and including opposed substantially cylindrical inner and outer walls and an annular lower wall extending between the inner and outer walls and an annular cover connected to the casing and enclosing the tubing in the cavity such that a ring-shaped opening is defined between an inner edge of the cover and the inner wall for passage of the tubing therethrough.
The closing and sealing of the front end of the tubing outside of the cavity is obtained by, for example, a metal clip or clasp attached to the front end of the tubing.
The closing and sealing of the rear end of the tubing, i.e., that end connected to the cartridge, is obtained by constructing the cartridge to fold about itself. For example, score lines can be arranged on the cover to enable the cover to be folded about the score lines and score lines or slits arranged in the casing in alignment with the score lines of the cover to enable the casing to bend or break in conjunction with the folding of the cover about the score lines. If the casing is made of cardboard, then only score lines are required, not slits.
One or both of the folded parts of the cover may be provided with a connection mechanism to enable the folded parts of the cover to stay together. The connection mechanism may be adhesive, hook and loop fasteners or ties and clasps formed or stamped in the cover.
The above-described embodiments involve rotation of the retention mechanism relative to the stationary cartridge. In an embodiment wherein the cartridge is rotated relative to the retention mechanism, a rotation mechanism is provided which automatically rotates the cartridge upon movement of the lid. The automatic rotation of the cartridge could also be performed automatically in conjunction with the movement of the lid or as a consequence of the movement of the lid. Rotation of the cartridge after insertion of a waste package into the waste insertion chamber causes the tubing to twist and encapsulate the waste package. The automatic rotation of the cartridge is achieved preferably only upon closing of the lid so that when the lid is closed, the cartridge is rotated and the tubing is twisted. In this manner, one does not need to remember to turn a twist rim, as in conventional waste disposal devices of a similar type, in order to cause a waste package to be encapsulated. Opening of the lid will not cause rotation of the cartridge and thus the encapsulated waste package will not be opened.
This type of rotation mechanism can take many forms with the objective being to convert the movement of the lid, which is invariably performed after insertion of a soiled waste package, into a rotation of the cartridge to thereby cause twisting of the tubing. In one embodiment, a rack gear is attached to the lid and a gear assembly is arranged in the container with one gear adapted to frictionally engage the teeth of the rack gear upon downward movement of the lid. The gear assembly includes a circular plate with projections or a drive gear with teeth which mesh with a series of projections formed on the periphery of the cartridge. This drive gear is coupled through a gear assembly to the gear in engagement with the rack gear so that the movement of the rack gear causes rotation of all of the gears in the gear assembly and the drive gear and thus rotation of the cartridge. Instead of a rack gear, a toothed plate can be used. |
Associations of the quality of life and psychoemotional state with sociodemographic factors in patients with psoriasis.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationships between the quality of life and psycho-emotional, demographic, and clinical factors in patients with psoriasis. The study included 18-year-old or older patients with psoriasis recruited from the university hospital (n=385). Their sociodemographic data, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score and disease duration were assessed. The quality of life was evaluated by using the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. A severe change in the quality of life (DLQI≥10 points) was found by 1.8 times more commonly in females, by 2.7 times more commonly in patients with moderate and severe psoriasis (PASI≤10) than in those with a mild psoriasis (PASI≤10), and by about 2 times more commonly in patients with nail psoriasis than in those without, as well as in patients with psoriasis-related anxiety or depression than in subjects without those symptoms. Anxiety and depression were observed in 37.4% and 23.4% of the patients, respectively. Depression was more frequent in patients older than 55 years than in those <35 years of age. Anxiety was more frequent in females and in the respondents with primary and unfinished secondary education. One-half of patients with psoriasis, women more often than men, regardless of the severity of the disease, reported a significant change in their quality of life. Patients with psoriasis, especially women and older people (aged more than 55 years), experienced anxiety and symptoms of depression. |
Effects of dietary heme iron and exercise training on abdominal fat accumulation and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice.
Animal by-products can be recycled and used as sources of essential nutrients. Water-soluble heme iron (WSHI), a functional food additive for supplementing iron, is produced by processing animal blood. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of 3% WSHI and exercise training for 4 weeks on the accumulation of abdominal fat and lipid metabolism in mice fed high-fat diet. Exercise-trained mice had significantly less perirenal adipose tissue, whereas WSHI-fed mice tended to have less epididymal adipose tissue. In addition, total weight of abdominal adipose tissues was significantly decreased in the Exercise + WSHI group. Dietary WSHI significantly increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase. WSHI-fed mice also tended to show increased mRNA levels of adipose triglyceride lipase in their epididymal adipose tissue. Dietary WSHI also significantly decreased the mRNA levels of fatty acid oxidation-related enzymes in the liver, but did not influence levels in the Gastrocnemius muscle. Exercise training did not influence the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related enzymes in the epididymal adipose tissue, liver or the Gastrocnemius muscle. These findings suggest that the accumulation of abdominal fat can be efficiently decreased by the combination of dietary WSHI and exercise training in mice fed high-fat diet. |
The present invention relates generally to desks and desking systems.
A conventional desk for supporting a computer includes a main desktop, various drawers and cupboards, and possibly one or more drawers and/or stands for supporting a computer keyboard and/or viewing screen (VDU). Some computer desks also include a drawer, rack or stand for the central processing unit (CPU) chassis, to position the CPU toward the rear of the desk or beside a desk leg, rather than on the desktop or the floor beside or beneath the desk. Typically, a VDU, a mouse, and often the keyboard are positioned on top of the main desktop, and often one or more peripheral devices are also placed on top of the desktop.
In an environment including several computer desks, for example, in an office of networked computers, each desk is typically separate from the others and the power and electronics cabling is supplied to each desk individually from power and cable connection points on the floor or walls. In an education institution, for example, classrooms are set up with one or more rows of desks, each desk carrying one or more respective computers, and desks are often placed side-by-side, or otherwise adjacent one another.
Convention computer desks (or environments including several computer desks, e.g., offices, classrooms) require: (i) power cabling to a computer processor and various computer peripheral devices (e.g., VDU, keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner); (ii) cabling between the processor and peripheral devices, and between various peripheral devices; (iii) a telephone connection for Internet access; and (iv) in some cases, network cabling connecting two or more computers to each other and to other devices. Systems for handling these cables include tying them together with plastic cable ties, string, or plastic “Cable Zip” tubes, taping the cabling to the floor, placing the cabling under rubber cable protectors that form ridges on top of the floor, or placing the cabling in trunking under the floor.
Conventional computer desks are not made to connect to one another. In environments including several computer desks, they are generally simply placed side by side, and can be moved about, or they are tied together using a crude system such as cable ties, which typically still allow some movement. Existing desking systems are not designed to provide a flexible arrangement of desk placement when one or more desks are connected together in some fashion. |
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency department patients. Epidemiology, clinical presentations, and risk to health care workers: the Johns Hopkins experience.
In a study to assess the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on The Johns Hopkins Hospital Emergency Department, we found 152 (6.0%) of 2544 consecutive patients to have human immunodeficiency virus infection, an absolute increase of 0.8% from the previous year. Of the 57 patients with a known history of infection, 49.1% had no insurance vs 36.0% of seronegative patients. Infected patients were three times more likely to be admitted as seronegative patients. Overall, health providers followed universal precautions during 44.0% of interventions. In patients with profuse bleeding, adherence fell to 19.5%. The most common reasons given by providers for not following precautions were insufficient time to put on protective attire and interference with procedural skills. We conclude that the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic has a major impact on emergency services and that strategies need to be developed for appropriate use of emergency resources and also for maximizing provider protection. |
A known winding device of the initially described type, with a corresponding control system, for producing wound rolls whose hardness can be influenced in a predetermined manner, will now be described on the basis of the schematic view shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 illustrates a central contact winding device. In this winding device the web 1 being wound is introduced by means of a contact roller 2 contacting the winding tube 3, or to the film roll 4 that forms on this winding tube, and is wound onto the film roll 4; the contact roller is positioned against the circumference of the film roll 4 that is forming. Positioned in front of the contact roller is a web tension measuring roller 5, which measures the tractive force of the film web running over the contact roller 2. The web tension measuring roller 5 forms a web loop or diverts the web 1, so that the tractive force can be determined from the tension exerted on the web tension measuring roller 5 by the incoming and outgoing portions of the web. Assigned to the web tension measuring roller 5 is a receiver 6 for the measured data, which feeds a signal corresponding to the measured tractive force of the web to a control device, for example, a computer 7. This computer 7 compares the signal obtained from the receiver 6 as an actual value with a desired value stored in the computer 7. If the two signals differ, the speed of the direct-current motor 8 driving the contact roller 2 will be controlled in a positive or negative fashion, specifically in such a way that the actual value fed from the receiver 6 to the computer corresponds to the desired value.
Since the diameter of the film roll 4 increases with the winding time, the motor 9 driving the winding tube 3 and the film roll 4 forming on it must also be regulated according to the increasing diameter of the film roll 4. This is provided for in that a sensor 10 monitors the winding tube 3 or the pins or journals supporting the winding tube 3, and the sensor 10 determines the actual diameter of the film roll 4 by means of the counted revolutions of the winding tube 3. This value provides a measure for changing the torque of the winding motor 9. The torque of the winding motor 9 is controlled accordingly. Thus, the torque of the motor 9 is changed in accordance with the diameter of the film roll that is forming and in accordance with the desired winding characteristics, while the speed of the motor 8 which drives the contact roller 2 is also controlled.
As described, a winding device operating as a central contact winding device is shown in FIG. 1, in which both the contact roller and the winding tube on which the web is wound are driven and both are in continuous contact with each other.
In a different system, the contact roller 2 is moved away from the winding tube 3, or the wound roll 4 that forms on this tube, and is positioned at a distance from the tube. Winding of this kind is referred to as "central gap winding". This mode of operation is always preferred when highly sensitive films must be wound, which run the risk of being damaged by contact pressure from the contact roller.
If the wound rolls are wound by a central gap winding method, the winding motor 8 and the motor 9 driving the contact roller 2 are controlled in the manner described above. A different type of control has not previously been thought possible, inasmuch as the web tension between the winding tube 3, or the film roll 4 forming on the tube, and the displaced contact roller could not be measured, as it was impossible to house measuring devices in the immediate area. If the known winding device described in FIG. 1 is operated as a central gap winding device, the torque of the winding motor is controlled according to the increasing diameter of the wound roll 4 that is in the process of forming in such a way that the desired winding characteristic is obtained. Controlling the torque of the winding motor is only able to provide the desired winding characteristic in a very imprecise fashion, however, so that controlling the torque of the winding motor is no longer adequate for the increased demands with respect to the characteristic of coil hardness in the case of wound rolls with sensitive types of film. |
Lipid compositional differences of small, dense low-density lipoprotein particle influence its oxidative susceptibility: possible implication of increased risk of coronary artery disease in subjects with phenotype B.
An increased susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to lipid peroxidative modification may be a key factor in the higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) among subjects with phenotype B. Compositional differences in the LDL particle may also be implicated in its atherogenicity and, in particular, may be associated with varying degrees of oxidative susceptibility of LDL, although this remains unclear. We hypothesized that the oxidative susceptibility of small, dense LDL was directly influenced by its lipid composition, which may lead to an increased risk of CAD in subjects with phenotype B. To test this hypothesis, we compared the differences in lipid compositions of LDL particles from subjects with phenotype A and those with phenotype B, and investigated the direct association of lipid composition with susceptibility to lipid peroxidative modification in 102 subjects who underwent a coronary angiographic examination. Subjects with phenotype B (n = 52) had a significantly higher incidence of CAD than subjects with phenotype A (77% v 44%; P <.005). In comparing the oxidative susceptibility of LDL, the lag time was significantly reduced in subjects with phenotype B compared to phenotype A (48.7 +/- 8.6 v 41.5 +/- 5.5 minutes; P <.0001). In addition, the lag time showed a positive correlation with LDL-peak particle diameter (PPD) (r = 0.324, P <.005). Lipid composition per LDL particle was expressed as the ratio of lipid content to apolipoprotein B (apoB) content (wt/wt). Subjects with phenotype B showed a significant depletion in the contents of free-cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester (CE), and phospholipid (PL) per particle compared to subjects with phenotype A, although there was no significant difference in the triglyceride (TG) content per LDL particle. Except for TG, the lipid content per LDL particle showed a significant positive correlation with lag time in all subjects. Moreover, increased susceptibility of small, dense LDL to lipid peroxidative modification was most strongly associated with a depleted FC content per LDL particle. In conclusion, the greater risk of CAD in subjects with phenotype B may result, in part, from increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidative modification of LDL that is depleted in lipid contents, especially FC content per LDL particle. |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an excitation device for an ultra-high frequency corrugated or grooved source of revolution, operating in two remote frequency bands. These remote band corrugated sources, for example X and KU or KA with central frequencies 1, 17 and 35 GHz, are used in a particularly interesting way in dual band radar systems in which the narrow beam of the high band radiation pattern is used for tracking low elevation targets.
2. Description of the Prior Art
After a brief reminder about corrugated sources and the construction and the operation thereof, their presently known excitation devices will be described along with the disadvantages thereof.
By a grooved or corrugated source is meant a wave-guide having generally a constant or increasing circular section, which has transverse grooves formed therein the grooves are of a given depth and are spaced apart from one another by a distance d.sub.O, also called the period of the corrugated source.
There also exist so-called bi-periodic corrugated sources having two types of alternating grooves.
So as to better understand the operation of a corrugated guide, the notion of mode will be recalled according to which the electromagnetic energy is propagated, that is to say of electric field E and magnetic field H configuration in the guide. It is on this configuration that the radiation of the guide depends. In a guide of revolution with a smooth internal wall, the modes existing are of the well known transverse electric TE or transverse magnetic TM type. In a guide of revolution whose internal wall comprises grooves, the modes which are propagated are of the hybrid type, that is to say they are linear combinations of the two modes TE and TM, of the same phase speed. Before going further into the details, let us first of all be quite clear about the notion of hybrid balance. An operating point of a guide, defined by a frequency f and a propagation constant B, is called a hybrid balance point when, for any cross section of this guide, it presents the following characteristics:
the electromagnetic field is cancelled out at the inner edges of the corrugated source; PA1 the field is scalar, described by a real parameter; PA1 it is of revolution; PA1 the ratio between the electric field .vertline.E.vertline. and the magnetic field .vertline.H.vertline. is constant at any point of a cross section of the corrugated guide and equal to the impedance of the wave being propagated in the vacuum, (characteristic impedance .eta. of the propagation of the wave in free space): .vertline.E.vertline.=.eta..vertline.H.vertline..
For these hybrid balance points, the radiation patterns of the corrugated sources have the same properties, presenting more particularly the advantage of having weak lateral lobes since the electromagnetic field is cancelled out at the edges of the sources and an equality of patterns in the E and H planes. Another very interesting advantage is that there is no cross polarization in the radiation patterns.
Now, these hybrid balance points are very particular operating points of a corrugated guide, the whole of all the operating points forming the dispersion curves of the guide, which curves represent the different hybrid propagation modes. These hybrid modes already defined above comply, so as to exist in a guide, with certain conditions at the limits, i.e. at the level of the internal wall of the guide, more particularly with this one condition: the electric E.phi. and magnetic H.phi. components situated in a cross section of the guide and perpendicular to the radius thereof, are equal to zero. Now, in a wave guide it is precisely the non zero component H.phi. which induces longitudinal currents along the internal wall. This is why, so as to fulfil the condition H.phi.=0, these currents must be eliminated by placing obstacles in the internal wall of the guide, grooves for example which prevent any current flow.
FIG. 1 is an example of dispersion curves of a simple corrugation source, only comprising a single type of groove. These dispersion curves represent the propagation constant B of the wave which is propagated in the corrugated guide as a function of the propagation constant k of the wave in a vacuum or in free space. Curve C.sub.1 represents the hybrid mode EH.sub.11, curve C.sub.2 the hybrid mode HE.sub.11 which each present a hybrid balance point, referenced respectively P.sub.1 and P.sub.2. About a hybrid balance point, the operating passband is less than an octave. The periodicity of the curves is (2.pi./d), d being the period of the grooves in the guide.
FIG. 2 shows the dispersion curves of a bi-periodic corrugation source, operating in two different frequency bands, remote from one anothe (X and KU). The alternation of the two series of grooves allow the two modes of the simple corrugated sources to be coupled together. This alternation promotes the appearance of hybrid balances. It can be seen that the dispersion curves C.sub.3, C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 corresponding to the lowest operating band has a period (2.pi./d') about twice as small as that of the dispersion curves C.sub.1 and C.sub.2 corresponding to the same operating band for a simple corrugated guide, whose repetion period d of the corrugations is twice as small as the d' of the bi-periodic source. New hybrid balance points P.sub.3, P.sub.4 and P.sub.5 appear, on the one hand, in the lowest band, thus resulting in a better stability and, on the other hand, in the highest band (P.sub.6 and P.sub.7).
The excitation devices known at present for these corrugated sources are formed by a smooth circular guide opening directly into the mouth of these sources. The dimensions of such an excitation guide must be sufficiently small for only the fundamental mode TE.sub.11 to be propagated, whose electric field lines, in a cross section of the guide, shown in FIG. 3b, are the closest to those of the hybrid mode propagating in a corrugated source, the hybrid mode HE.sub.11 for example shown in FIG. 3a. It can be seen that these lines are almost rectilinear and parallel to each other in the center of the guide, but curved towards the edges. This curvature of the field lines shows that the matching between the smooth excitation guide and the corrugated guide is not perfect. To improve this matching, the first grooves of the corrugated guides are given more or less empirically different values from those assigned by the theory of corrugated structures.
For the corrugated sources operating in a single frequency band, this device for exciting by means of a smooth guide only excites the hybrid mode HE.sub.11, all the other possible modes being evanescent at the nominal frequency.
For corrugated sources operating in two remote frequency bands, several parasite hybrid modes are excited at the same time as the useful hybrid mode. When the two frequency bands are sufficiently close to each other, the ratio between the central frequencies being 1.5 or 1.6, these parasite modes are evanescent in these two bands and do not disturb the normal operation of the source.
But in so far as the sources are concerned operating in remote bands (X and KU or KA), that is to say whose central frequency ratio is greater than or equal to two, several propagative parasite modes may coexist with the desired useful mode and are even generated in the presence of the single fundamental mode TE.sub.11 in the smooth excitation guide. In fact, the incident mode TE.sub.11 is broken down into an infinite series of modes in the corrugated source, the first two or three of which modes are propagative in the high band.
In addition to this electrical disadavantage, there is the disadvantage presented by the successive mounting of the two smooth excitation guides, each attributed to one of the two operating bands. On the other hand, when a source is to operate simultaneously in two remote frequency bands with hybrid modes, the construction achieved, shown for example in FIG. 4, is very space-consuming. Such a source is formed from two monoband corrugated sources 40, 41, each excited in accordance with a knon procedure, by a smooth guide for example 42 and 43. Source 40 radiating in the lowest frequency band has larger dimensions than the source 41. They are placed so that their respective propagation axes A.sub.0 and A.sub.1 are perpendicular. A frequency spatial filter 44 is disposed at the the output of the two sources, at 45.degree. to the two axes A.sub.0 and A.sub.1. This filter 44 lets the low band wave pass and reflects the high band wave at 90.degree.. Such a dual band source is space consuming and costly. |
In vivo study of developmental changes in carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I in rat liver. Repression of the enzyme synthesis immediately after birth.
The regulatory mechanism of the developmental increase of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I in fetal and neonatal rat liver was studied in vivo. The appearance and rapid increase of the enzyme in late fetal period were caused by de novo synthesis of the enzyme protein. The amount of the enzyme protein analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was proportional to the enzyme activity throughout the period of development. No indication was observed for preexisting protein which could be converted into the active protein. A novel system for the in vivo study of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I synthesis was developed. Hepatocytes, mechanically dispersed by repeated passage of the tissue through a pipet, incorporated [35S]methionine into the enzyme. Taking advantage of this system, the regulation of the enzyme synthesis was studied. In vivo synthesis of the enzyme was detected at 4 days before birth and rapidly increased until 1 day before birth. However, the enzyme synthesis was markedly repressed after birth, when the amount of carmamoyl-phosphate synthetase I itself reached the adult level. This result was in a clear contrast with the constant level of the translatable mRNA (Raymond, Y. and Shore, G.C. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 656, 111-119) and suggested that post-transcriptional regulation is important in addition to the level of mRNA for the regulation of the carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I level. |
There is a wide variety of known printing systems. A printing system may be self-contained or may be one that requires cooperation of two or more units, such as a computer printer that is controlled using drive software installed on a personal computer. Print material, such as ink, may be deposited upon a sheet of paper or other print medium by sequential movements of the depositing structure relative to the sheet. As one well known example, an inkjet printhead may be repeatedly scanned across a sheet of paper to apply ink in a series of swaths, until the composite image is formed.
Referring to FIG. 1, an example of a printer 10 is shown. The printer includes a body 12 and a hinged cover 14. An inkjet printhead 16 is attached to a carriage 18 that moves bidirectionally along a carriage transport rail 20. A flexible cable 22 connects the components of the print carriage to a print engine, not shown. The flexible cable includes electrical power lines, clocking lines, control lines, and data lines. Nozzles of the inkjet printhead are individually activated to project droplets of ink onto a print medium delivered from a supply 24, such as a tray of paper. During each print operation, the print medium is stepped in one direction, while the inkjet printhead is moved along the transport rail in the perpendicular direction.
In the design of a printing system, a number of factors are considered to be significant. These factors include cost, speed, and print quality. A concern is that there is a tradeoff among these factors, particularly when a printer is designed to provide photo-quality printing. The inks of an inkjet printer 10 are water-based and are delivered to the medium as droplets. The quality of an image is dependent upon the consistency of droplet development at the printhead, the accuracy of delivery, and the droplet cooperation at the print medium.
Inkjet printing may be considered to be a droplet-on-demand (DOD) technology. Techniques for forming the droplets include thermal activation and piezoelectric pumping. Regardless, sufficient time between two activations of a single nozzle must be provided, if a sufficient volume of ink is to be accumulated for consistency in firing. Thus, a maximum “firing frequency” is enforced. For any particular nozzle of an inkjet printhead, this firing frequency limits the firing opportunities of the nozzle for a given period of time. Merely for the purpose of example, the firing frequency may be set at 12,400 activations per second.
At the print medium, there are concerns with “bleeding” and other phenomena. Bleeding of one color into another color is most detectable along edges of sharp color contrast within an image. Printers use a multi-pass concept to reduce the likelihood of bleeding and to provide compensation for other phenomena that affect image quality. Using the multi-pass concept, less than all of the droplets are deposited on a single pass over a particular area of the print medium. Each area of the print medium is scanned multiple times in order to deposit all of the droplets. The portion of the droplets which are deposited on a particular pass is controlled by a predefined masking pattern. As defined herein, a “masking pattern” is associated with a single pass, although multiple passes may be necessary in order to complete the printing. This use of the term is consistent with U.S. Pat. No. 6,310,640 to Askeland. In a multi-pass process, there is a “composite masking pattern” to which the print data is applied in defining droplet deposition. The composite masking pattern provides the basis for the individual masking patterns. Typically, the composite masking pattern is determined at the design stage for a particular printer. In printing two photographs, the composite masking pattern is applied in the same manner to the image data of the two photographs, so that it is the difference in the image data (from photograph to photograph) that causes differences between the two series of masking patterns.
The determination of which droplets are to be deposited on a particular pass includes a degree of randomness. In general, artifacts are more apparent when masks are more regular and uniform. While the generation of printing masks involves significant randomization, it is known to apply restrictions to such pattern generation. U.S. Pat. No. 6,250,739 to Serra describes some possible restrictions. A checkerboard pattern may be imposed on each masking pattern. Each image region is divided into distinct complementary patches. Bleeding among droplets placed in adjacent pixels of a composite image is less likely to occur, since horizontally neighboring pixels do not receive droplets in the same pass. However, bleeding may occur between diagonal pixels. Serra states that this can be overcome using the “Hickman system” in which printing in intervening lines and in intervening columns is presented in a single pass. The patent states that a concern with this system is that it forfeits the ability to print in the intervening lines and columns even with respect to printmodes in which bleeding and similar problems are absent, such as in a single-pass mode for printing black-and-white text. Serra describes bidirectional scanning printheads which discharge color-ink droplets at ultra high resolution, with each swath of printing on the paper being completed in either eight passes with four paper advances, or four passes with two paper advances, or two passes in a single paper advance. |
Translation Elongation Factor 1alpha (EF-1alpha) is a central protein involved in delivering aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosome and assuring incorporation of the appropriate amino acid during protein synthesis. While this protein is extremely abundant, the cell needs to modulate the activity or levels of EF-1alpha for normal cellular growth since inappropriate expression of EF-alpha results in transformation of cell lines and occurs in many carcinomas. Further, changes in the activity of EF-1alpha occur during aging and alter longevity. The goal of this project is to understand the mechanisms that regulate efficient and accurate translation. There are many different mechanisms to assure the accurate and efficient translation of an mRNA, and it is clear these mechanisms converge on the action of EF-1alpha. The central role of EF-1alpha in elongation and its interactions with proteins and RNAs that modulate its activity are a very important factor in this process. Our previous studies support the hypothesis that changes in translational fidelity in cells harboring mutations in EF-1alpha are a result of many different effects on gene expression in vivo. Current models of elongation predict these include indirect effects that result from changes in the pool of active EF-1alpha x GTP and thus the occupancy of the A-site of the ribosome. However, EF-1alpha also directly affects this process through the presentation of aa-tRNA to the ribosome, the determination of cognate codon-anticodon interactions, and the hydrolysis of GTP required for kinetic proofreading. The use of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae allows analysis of the translation elongation cycle both in vivo and in vitro. This proposal describes a set of biochemical studies of mutations predicted or designed to analyze both direct and indirect effects of EF-1alpha on accurate gene expression. Purification and analysis of wild-type and mutant EF-1alpha proteins in the partial reactions of translation elongation will determine the causes of the in vivo translation and growth phenotypes of these mutations. Furthermore, this information is utilized to apply genetic approaches to identify and characterize factors that modulate EF-1alpha activity; the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (EF-1Beta) and the GTPase activating factor (the ribosome). This analysis will also identify novel factors that affect or regulate acurate elongation. This coordinated approach is a unique method to extend our understanding of the many EF-1alpha dependent steps required for accurate and efficient gene expression. |
TSC1 stabilizes TSC2 by inhibiting the interaction between TSC2 and the HERC1 ubiquitin ligase.
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by hamartoma formation in various organs. Two genes responsible for the disease, TSC1 and TSC2, have been identified. The TSC1 and TSC2 proteins, also called hamartin and tuberin, respectively, have been shown to regulate cell growth through inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. TSC1 is known to stabilize TSC2 by forming a complex with TSC2, which is a GTPase-activating protein for the Rheb small GTPase. We have identified HERC1 as a TSC2-interacting protein. HERC1 is a 532-kDa protein with an E3 ubiquitin ligase homology to E6AP carboxyl terminus (HECT) domain. We observed that the interaction of TSC1 with TSC2 appears to exclude TSC2 from interacting with HERC1. Disease mutations in TSC2, which result in its destabilization, allow binding to HERC1 in the presence of TSC1. Our study reveals a potential molecular mechanism of how TSC1 stabilizes TSC2 by excluding the HERC1 ubiquitin ligase from the TSC2 complex. Furthermore, these data reveal a possible biochemical basis of how certain disease mutations inactivate TSC2. |
The primary use of air fresheners is to mask odor. A technically advanced air freshener is one that provides longer lasting performance. A need exists for the determination by means of the use of an effective testing system of physical-chemical properties that control the sustained performance of an air freshener fragrance.
It is, accordingly, an object of my invention to devise apparatus and a process for the simultaneous evaluation of an air freshener's performance for its hedonics, intensity, volatile content, diffusivity and weight loss as a function of time in a controlled environment of temperature and air mixing. It is another object of my invention to combine the advantages of a laboratory system that allows for only analytical measurements and a full scale test of odor performance in a specifically designed environment that allows only sensory testing.
Nothing in the prior art provides a system whereby a controlled environment that allows for both sensory and analytical measurements of a fragrance's performance as is the case in my invention. |
Women's decision making regarding hysterectomy.
To describe the decision-making process of women who choose hysterectomy for treatment of benign disease or distressing symptoms. Qualitative design based on grounded theory, using semistructured interviews. Participants were interviewed in their homes or at their place of employment. Ten women who were premenopausal prior to hysterectomy. Decision making began when the women recognized abnormal body changes or bothersome symptoms. Four major processes were identified. "Seeking Solutions" was characterized by information seeking, information processing, and utilization of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments in an attempt to cure the disease and/or alleviate symptoms. "Holding On" included managing symptoms, rearranging activities of daily living to accommodate symptoms, and waiting. "Changing Course" was characterized by an abrupt change from Holding On to focusing on hysterectomy as the solution to the distressing symptoms. During "Taking Charge," the women displayed purposeful actions directed at arranging and preparing for surgery. Understanding the process of decision making will enable nurses to provide support for women who choose hysterectomy for treatment of benign gynecologic diseases and/or distressing gynecologic symptoms. Nurses' support of women's decision making should include referrals, education, and emotional support. In addition, nurses can help these women improve their quality of life by assisting them with symptom management. |
Influence of dietary selenium on the mutagenic activity of perfusate and bile from rat liver, perfused with 1,1-dimethylhydrazine.
The mutagenic effect of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) was studied in the liver perfusion/cell culture system. Male Wistar rats, fed a selenium-deficient diet with or without selenium supplementation in the drinking water, were used as liver donors. UDMH caused an increased mutation frequency in Chinese hamster V79 cells exposed in the perfusate. The effect was statistically significant with both selenium-deficient and selenium-supplemented livers. With selenium-deficient livers, a significant mutagenic effect was also obtained when V79 cells were treated with bile collected after the administration of UDMH. Bile flow and bile acid excretion were not affected by UDMH treatment of selenium-deficient or selenium-supplemented livers. There was a tendency towards reduced C-oxygenation of N,N-dimethylaniline in microsomes from selenium-deficient livers perfused with UDMH. The lactate/pyruvate ratio in the perfusate was increased by UDMH, the effect being more pronounced with selenium-deficient than selenium-supplemented livers. |
Facing questions over the privacy and security of the Aadhaar systems in the Supreme Court, the government has decided to conduct an independent audit of all 50,000-odd Aadhaar enrolment centres and inspect them in person.Three independent auditors will assess if enrolment centres are adhering to UIDAI processes and guidelines, if the hardware and software deployed at the enrolment centres are as per UIDAI specifications and check if the enrolment centre is not involved in any corrupt practices and people are not being overcharged for Aadhaar services.Photographs of all staff at the enrolment centre and equipment will be taken and a 5-10 minute video be shot of the ongoing enrolment and update process at the Centre. The three auditors would be allotted 10,000 centres apiece in the first year for the job. The auditors will assess if supervisors and verifiers are present at each enrolment centre to help and guide residents, if the original documents of the resident are scanned and reviewed as per UIDAI guidelines without retaining their hard copies, if the behaviour with the resident is courteous and if the centre is covered by CCTVs.Law and IT minister Ravi Shankar Prasad in an interview to ET last year had said that government planned to appoint auditors across the country to inspect Aadhaar’s systems. The Aadhaar Act, 2016, provides for the same. UIDAI has engaged enrolment agencies as registrars who have set up enrolment centres by hiring operators and supervisors and UIDAI recommended hardware. There have been concerns raised in the past over how the registrars are capturing demographic and biometric detail of residents and uploading them to UIDAI’s Central Identification Data Depository. UIDAI has claimed its systems are secure and it will pass the ‘privacy test’ before SC.UIDAI is also launching a major information drive to impress upon people the benefits of linking their Aadhaar with their bank account, PAN, mobile number or ration cards and put to rest security concerns. In a brief for private agencies to make short films, UIDAI says there have been “wild allegations that CIA has gained access to Aadhaar data” and said nothing could be more untrue.“Even if someone gets hold of a machine on which enrolment took place, it will take a billion years to crack open a single encrypted Aadhaar data packet. So Aadhaar is safe,” says the brief reviewed by ET.The brief further says that linking one’s bank account with Aadhaar “opens a new world of digital payments” and a person can withdraw funds from such a bank account just by using his Aadhaar number and fingerprint. It also claims by linking mobile with Aadhaar, a host of servicessuchase-filingof I-Treturnscan be availed from the comfort of one’s home and one can be rest assured that “no one will be able to forge their identity to obtain a mobile SIM, which can be used to perpetrate frauds or crimes”. The brief stresses that UIDAI does not share Aadhaar details with any entity and databases of banks and telecom firms are not interconnected.“Linking Aadhaar with Mobile SIM will only secure your mobile connection, nothing else,” it says. “Your Aadhaar number can be used to make or receive payments, but to do so, the person will need to have a fingerprint if using an Aadhaar-enabled micro-ATM,” the UIDAI brief says. |
This invention relates to typewriters and more particularly relates to a device used in conjunction with a typewriter to aid in precisely locating a character space among other typewriter characters.
In many cases after a letter has been typed and proofread an error is found, after the paper is taken from the typewriter. To avoid completely retyping the page, the letter is reinserted into the typewriter, erasure made where necessary, and then an attempt is made to place the correct character in the erased space.
This is a very difficult procedure. Once the paper has been removed from the typewriter it is quite difficult to realign a given line correctly and also to locate the space in relation to the type hammer bearing the character to be inserted.
In some cases the foregoing problem arises even if the paper is not removed from the typewriter due to slippage of the paper as it is rolled in the typewriter, and/or the paper nearing the bottom.
The present invention overcomes these difficulties in alignment by providing a new and improved device which permits the typist to make a sample strike of the character to be inserted, which device is attached to the paper bar of the typewriter and may easily be moved between an operative and an inoperative position.
Briefly stated, the invention, in one form thereof, comprises a member which is slidable along the paper bar to a position where it is out of the way and does not interfere with typing. The device is also rotatable on the paper bar and has a transparent sheet which will extend behind the card holder or line guide. The transparent sheet is preferably curved, so as to be complimentary to the curvature of the roller or platen of the typewriter.
An object of this invention is to provide a new and improved device for enabling a typist to add a character in the proper spacing on a typewritten sheet of paper.
Another object of this invention is to provide such a device which is located on the typewriter and may be easily moved into and out of an operative position. |
"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix" "It's just too hot today isn't it?" "And it's going to get even worse." "temperatures up in the mid 30s Celsius." "And at night should go up even, and perhaps..." "Alright, lets go home." "What a lovely day." "Do we have to?" "We do." "Hey big D. Beat up another 10 year old?" "This one deserved it." " Ya." " Ya." "5 against 1, very brave." "Well you're the one to talk?" "moaning in your sleep every night." "At least I'm not afraid of my pillow." "Don't kill Cedric." "Who's Cedric?" "Your boyfriend?" "Shut up." "He's going to kill me, mom." "Where is your mom?" "Where is your mom, Potter?" "Is she dead?" "Is she dead..." "What's going on?" "What's going on here?" "What are you doing?" "I'm not doing anything." "Dudley, come on!" "Run!" "Dudley, run!" "Expecto Patronum!" "Mrs. Figg." "Don't Put away your wand, Harry." "They might come back." "Dementors in little Winchik." "What's next?" "Whole world's in top sterny." "I don't understand." "How did you know..." "Dumbledore asked me to keep an eye on you." "Dumbledore?" "You know Dumbledore?" "After You-Know-Who killed that poor Diggory boy last year." "Did you expect him to let you go wandering around alone?" "Good Lord, they told me you're intelligent." "Now, get inside and stay there." "Soon someone will be in touch with you." "Whatever happens, don't leave the house." "Didlykin, is that you?" "Dudley!" "Vernon come quick!" "Who did this to you boy?" "Happy, are we, now?" "You finally done it." "You finally driven him loopey." "Vernon, don't you say that." "Just look at him, Petunia." "Our boy has gone yumpie." "I've reach my limit, you hear?" "This is the last I'm gonna take you and your losses." "Dear Mr. Potter" "The Ministry has received intelligence." "That at 6:23 this evening..." "You performed the Petronas Charm in the presence of a muggle." "As a clear violation of the decree... for the reasonable restriction of Underage Sorcery, you are hereby expelled from Hogwarts School of Witchcraf and Wizardry." "Hope that you are well, Mafilda Hopkerk." "Justice." "Sorry, Hedwig." "Hygienist, these muggles." "Tonks, for God's sake." "Professor Moody, what're you doing here?" "To rescue you of course." "Where are we going?" "That I'm just expelled from school." "You haven't been Not yet." "Kingsley, you take front." "But the letter said..." "Dumbledore has persuaded the Minister to suspend your expeltion pending for your formal hearing." "A hearing?" "Don't worry, Harry." "We'll explain everything when we get back to headquarters." "Shh, not here, Nymphadora." "Don't call me Nymphadora." "Stay in formation everyone." "Don't break ranks if one of us was killed." "Come on." "Here you go, son." "Yes, but..." "He grew stronger by the minute." "We have to act now." "Harry." "Mrs. Weasley." "Thank God, you're alright." "Bit peaky." "I'm afraid, dinner, we're gonna have to wait after the meeting finish." "Look." "No time to explain." "Straight upstairs." "First door on the left." "Yeah." "Harry." "You alright?" "We've heard them talking about the Dementors attack." "You must tell us everything." "Let him breath, Hermione." "And this hearing at the Ministry, it's just outrageous." "They can't expel you." "It's completely unfair." "Yeah." "There's a lot going around me." "So what is this place?" "It's headquarters." "The Order of The Phoenix." "It's a secret society." "Dumbledore formed it back in the first, You-Know-Who." "You couldn't write any of this in your letter l suppose?" "Whole summer without a scrap of news." "We thought to write, really, I did." "Only..." "Only What?" "Dumbledore made us swear not to tell you anything." "Dumbledore said that?" "But why he want to keep me in the dark?" "Maybe I can help." "Afterall, I'm the one who saw Voldermort returned." "I'm the one he fought with." "I'm the one who saw Cedric Diggory get killed." "Harry." "Don't be so uptight." "Let it out." "Anyway, we heard the chatting." "Only had something more interesting." "Harry has the right to know." "If it wasn't him, no one know he's back." "He's hardly a child, Molly." "But not an adult either." "He's not James, Sirius." "He's not your son." "He's as good as it." "No one else he's got." "He's got me." "Potter will grow up into a criminal." "Just like his Godfather." "Stay out of this, Severus." "Why don't you tell him?" "Hermione, I hate your cat." "We'll be eating down in the kitchen." "Just because you're allowed to use magic now, does not mean you have to whip your wands out for everything." "Hi, mom." "You hungry, Harry?" "You sure you're alright, Harry?" "Harry Potter." "Sirius." "It is very very peculiar... lt seems that your hearing at the Ministry... is to be before the entire Withem." "I don't understand why is the Ministry of Magic go against me." "Show him." "He'd find out soon enough." ""The Boy Who Lies?"" "He's been attacking Dumbledore as well." ""Fudge:" "All ls Well"" "Fudge is using all his power." "including his influence at the Daily Prophet." "Smear anyone who claims the Dark Lord has returned." "Why?" "The Minister thinks Dumbledore's after his job." "But that's insane." "No one in the right mind would believe that Dumbledore..." "Exactly the point." "Fudge isn't in his right mind." "He's been twisted and walked by fear." "Now, fear makes people do a lot of things." "The last time Voldermort gain power..." "He almost destroyed everything we hold on stand." "Now he has returned, I'm afraid the Minister will do almost anything... to avoid facing the terrifying truth." "We think Voldermort wants to build up his army again." "14 years ago he had huge armies in his command." "Not just witches to wizards" "But a lot of dark creatures." "He's been recruiting, we've been attempted to do the same." "But gathering followers isn't the only thing he's interested." "We believe Voldermort may be after something." "Sirius." "Something he didn't have last time." "You mean, like a weapon?" "No, that's enough." "He's just a boy!" "You say much more, you might as well inducting him to the Order straight away." "Good. I want to join." "If Voldermort's recruiting the army then I want to fight." "Harry." "You are hereby expelled." "Before the whole Withom." "The trains." "Underground." "Genius these muggles." "Here we are." "I've never use this entrance before." "It should be fun." "I'll just get my money." ""Dumbledore" " Deaf or Dangerous?"" "Good morning, Arthur." "Morning, Bob." "Inter Department Memos." "Used to use owls." "The mess is unbelievable!" "Merlin's Beard Thank you, Kingsley." "They changed the time of your hearing." "When is it?" "In 5 minutes!" "Remember, during the hearing speak calmly if you are spoken too" "Keep calm" "You've done nothing wrong!" "As the muggle say "Truth will out!"" "Yes?" "I'm not allow in, I;m afraid." "Good luck, Harry." "Diciplinary Hearing of 12th August, into offences commited by Harry James Potter... resident at no.4, Privet drive, Winshik, solicitor Cornelius Fudge..." "Minister..." "Witness for Defense." "Albus Percivel Wilfred..." "Brown Dumbledore." "You got our message that the time and place... of the hearing has been changed, did you?" "I must have missed it." "But by mistake, I arrived at the Ministry 3 hours early." "Charges?" "The charges against the accused are as follows... that he did knowingly, and in full aware this legality of his action... produce of the Petronas Charm in the presence of a muggle." "Do you deny producing said Petronus?" "No, but..." "And you were aware that you're forbidden from using magic... outside school while under the age of 17?" "Yes, of course, but..." "Witches and wizards of the Wizengemot.." "I was only doing it because of the Dementors." "Dementors?" "In Little Winchik?" "That's very clever." "Muggles can't see Dementors, can't they, boy?" "Highly convenient I'm not lying." "There were 2 of them." "If I hadn't..." "Enough!" "I'm sorry to interrupt what have showed in a very well rehearse story." "But since you can't produce no witnesses of the event..." "Pardon me, Minister." "Where as it happens, we can." "Please describe the attack." "What did they look like?" "One of them was very large, and the other one was skinny." "Not the boys." "The Dementors." "Alright, alright... oh well em..." "Big." "Cloak." "Then... everything went cold." "Like all of the happiness had gone from the world." "Now, look here." "Dementors don't just wander into a muggle suburban." "Happen to cross with a wizard." "The odds are ternomecule." "I don't think anyone would've believe... that the Dementors were there by coincidence, minister." "I'm sure I must've misunderstood you, professor" "Dementors are, after all, under the control of Ministry of Magics." "So silly but it sounded, for moment as though, you're suggesting that the Ministry had ordered the attack on this boy." "That would be disturbing indeed, Madam Under-Secretary." "Which is why I'm sure the Ministry will be mounting a full scale enquiry... into why the 2 Dementors were surveiling very far from Azkaban... and why they attack without the authorization?" "Of course there is someone who might be behind the attack." "Cornelius, I employ you to see reason." "The evidence the Dark Lord have returned is incontrovertible." "He's not back!" "In the matter of Harry Potter" "The Law say in this states, that magic may be used before muggles in life threatening situation." "Laws can be changed if necessary, Dumbledore." "Really?" "It is become a practive to hold a full criminal trial... to deal with a simple matter of Underage Magic?" "Those, in favor of conviction." "Those in favor of clearing the accuse of all charges." "Clear the whole charges." "Professor!" "Padfoot, are you barking mad?" "You'll blow the entire operation!" "Sirius, what are you doing here?" "If someone sees you... I had to see you off tonight." "What's life without a little risk?" "I don't want to see you get trapped back into Azkaban." "Don't worry about me." "Anyway, I wanted you to have this." "Orginal Order of the Phoenix." "Marlene McKenine." "She was killed 2 weeks after this was taken." "Voldermort wiped out her entire family." "Franklin and Ellis Longbottom." "Neville's parents." "They suffered a foughtless death." "It's been 14 years." "There isn't a day goes by I don't miss your dad." "Do you really think there's gonna be a war, Sirius?" "It feels like it did before." "You keep it." "Anyway, I suppose you're the young ones now." "Bye... I surprise the Ministry still let you walk out free, Potter." "You better enjoy while you can." "Or else a cell in Azkaban will have your name on it." "What I tell you He's a complete nutter" "You stay away from me!" "It's only Malfoy Just relax." "Hi guys." "Hi, Neville." "What is it?" "What's what?" "That." "Pulling the carriage." "Nothing's pulling the carriage, Harry." "It's pulling itself, like always." "You are not going mad... I can see them too." "You're just the sane as I am." "Everyone, this is Loneylov..." "Luna Lovegood." "Interesting necklace." "It's a charm actually." "Keeps away the Naragos." "I'm hungry. I hope there's a pudding." "What's a Naragos?" "No idea." "Good evening, children." "Now we have 2 changes in staff this year." "Please welcome back Professor Grubbly-Plank." "Who'd be taking care of magical creatures, while Professor Hagrid is on temporary leaves." "We're also pleased to welcome our new Defense Against Dark Arts teacher," "Professor Dolores Umbridge." "I'm sure you all will join me in wishing the professor good luck." "As usual our care taker Mr. Filch has ask me to remind you..." "She was at my hearing." "She works for Fudge." "Thank you, headmaster for those kind words of welcome." "And how lovely to see all your bright, happy faces... smiling up to me." "I'm sure we'll all going to be very good friends." "That's likely." "That's likely." "The Ministry of Magic, has always considered... the education of young witches and wizards... to be a vital importance." "Although each headmaster has brought something new... to this historic school." "Progress for the sake of progress must be discourage." "Let us preserve what must be preserved." "Perfect what can't be perfected..." "And proove actism, in order to beat pro-imitate." "Thank you, Professor Umbridge." "That really was constant minimizing." "Minimizing?" "What?" "What does it mean?" "It means the Ministry interfering Hogwarts." "Dean, Seamus, good holiday?" "Alright, better than Seamus' actually." "My mom didn't want me to come back this year." "Why not?" "Let me see, because of you." "The Daily Prophet has been saying a lot of things about you, Harry." "And about Dumbledore as well!" "Your mom believes them?" "Well, nobody was there the night Cedric died." "Well, I guess you should read the Prophet like your stupid mother." "It'll tell you everything you need to know." "Don't you dare tell me." "I'll never let go anyone that calls me a liar." "What's going on?" "He is what's going on." "Do you believe the words he commended, you or him?" "Yeah, I do." "Does anyone else got a problem with Harry?" "You alright?" "Fine." "Seamus was backout there." "He'll go through it." "We'll see." "I said I'm fine, Ron." "Alright. I just leave you to your thought, huh?" "Come on, Seamus, go on, get it" "Good morning, children" "Ordinary Wizarding Level Examinations" "OWLS" "Well, commonly known as..." "OWLS" "Study hard and you'll be awarded" "Failed to do so, and the consequences maybe...severe" "Your previous instruction subjects have been disturbingly uneven" "But please to know from now on..." "You'll be following a carefully structured" "Ministry approved course of defensive magic" "Yes?" "..there isn't something about using the defensive spells" "Using spells?" "Why would you need spells in my classroom?" "We aren't using magics" "You'll be learning about defensive spells in a secure, risks-free way" "What use is that?" "We're gonna be attacked, it won't be risks-free" "Students will raise their hands when speak in my class lt's the view of the ministry" "That a theoretical knowledge'll be sufficient..." "To get you thru your examinations, which after all... ls what schools are all about" "And how's theories supposed to prepare us for out there?" "There's nothing out there, dear" "Who do you imagine'd attack children like yourselves?" "I don't know, maybe Lord Voldermort" "Now let me make this quite plain" "You've been told..." "That a certain dark wizard is at large once again" "This is a lie!" "It's not lie, i saw him, I fought.." "Detention, Mr Potter" "So, according to your say, Diggory dropped of his own?" "Cedric Diggory's death was a tragic accident" "He was murdered, Voldermort killed him, you must know that" "Enough...enough!" "See me later, Mr Potter...my office" "Come in" "Good evening, Mr Potter" "Sit" "You're gonna be doing some lines for me today, Mr Potter" "No, not with your quill" "Cause you're gonna be using a rather special 1 of mine" "Now, I want you to write" "I must not tell lies!" "How many times?" "Lets say, as long it take the message to sink you" "You haven't given me any ink" "You won't need any inks" "Yes?" "Nothing" "That's rite" "Because you know deep down" "You deserved to be punished" "Don't you, Mr Potter?" "Go on" "Skiving snack box" "Sweets'll make you ill lt'll get you outta class" "Let's take hours of pleasures outta school boredom" "You care for another?" "I'm not asking you to write all of it for me" "Oh please l'm just busy studying this stupid owls exams I'll do the introductions That's all!" "Hermione, you're the most wonderful person i've ever known I'll never be rude to you again" "Only I bet you will" "What's wrong with your hand?" "Nothing" "The other hand" "You've gotta tell Dumbledore" "No, Dumbledore's got enough in his mind rite now" "Anyway i want to get Umbridge's her satisfaction" "Bloody hell she was torturing you lf your parents know about this..." "Yeah, i haven't got any parents, have I?" "Harry, you've gotta report this" "It's perfectly simple...." "No!" "It's not..." "Hermoine, what ever this is;" "It's not simple" "You don't understand!" "Then help us to..." "Dear Padfoot, i hope you're alrite lt's getting cooler here" "Winter's definitely on the way" "Despite i've been back to Hogwarts, i feel more alone than ever I know you but all people will understand" "Hello Harry Potter" "Your feet, aren't you cold?" "A bit" "Unfortunately all my shoes are mysteriously disappeared" "I suspect nigel are behind this" "What are they?" "The Carl Pastro" "They're gentle really, but..." "People avoid them because, they've been..." "Different" "Why can't the other see?" "They can only been by people who's seen death" "So you know someone who's gone?" "My mum" "She was quiet an extraordinary witch" "She did a lot of experiments though" "One day 1 of her spells went badly wrong I was 9 I'm sorry lt was rather horrible I do feel very sad about it sometimes" "But i've a dad" "My dad and I believe you by the way" "And he must not be named's back" "And you fought him" "And the Ministry extremely tough for that conspiring you and Dumbledore" "Thanks, seems that you're the only who do I don't think that's true" "I supposed that is how you wanted it to be." "What do you mean?" "If i were You Know Who!" "I don't want you to feel crowd from anyone else" "Because if it's just you alone..." "you aren't much as a threat" "Would you ever stop eating?" "I'm hungry" "Harry" "Can i join you?" "Prof, what exactly are you insinuating?" "I am only requesting when it come to my students" "You conformed to prescribe disciplinary practices" "Seems silly of me but it sounds" "That you're questioning my authority in my own classroom" "Minerva" "Not at all, Dolores" "Merely your medieval methods I'm sorry, dear" "But to question my practices is to question the ministry" "And by extension, the minister himself I'm a tolerant woman" "But the 1 thing i won't stand for is disloyalty" "Disloyalty" "Things at Hogwarts are far worse than i feared" "Cornelius will want to take immediate actions" "What happened to Dumbledore?" "Umbridge revolutionised the teaching of defence against the dark art" "Doleres Umbridge will as High Inquisitor have powers" "To adjust the seriously falling standards of Hogwarts school" "Just 1 question" "You've been in this post for how long exactly?" "You ask first for the Defend Againts the Dark Art Teacher ls that correct?" "Yes" "But you were unsuccessful" "Obviously" "Would you please predict something, please?" "I'm sorry" "One tiny little propecy" "Pity" "No, wait...i think 1 do see something, yes I saw something dark" "You're in a grave danger" "Lovely..." "Cho, what's going on?" "It's professor, Trelawney" "16 years i've been here to teach" "Hogwarts is my home" "You can't do this" "Actually i can" "Minerva" "Something you'd like to say, dear?" "Oh there're several things i'd like to say" "Prof McGonagall" "May i ask you to escort Sybil back inside?" "Sybil, come here" "Thank you, Dumbledore" "Dumbledore, may i remind you" "Under the tone of educational decree #23 as it acted by the minister" "You've the right to dismiss my teacher" "But you don't have the authority to banish them from the garden" "That power remained for the headmaster" "For now" "Don't you have studying to do?" "Professor?" "Professor?" "Professor Dumbledore?" "Professor?" "Professor Dumbledore?" "Foul evil Gargoyle!" "We aren't learning how to defend ourselves" "We aren't learning how to pass our OWLS" "She's taking over the entire school" "Security's and will remain the ministry's top priority" "Furthermore, we've convincing evidence" "That these disappearances are the work of..." "The notorious mass murderer, Sirius Black...." "Harry" "Sirius" "What are you doing here?" "Answering you your letter" "You said you're worried about Umbridge" "What's she doing?" "Training you to kill the half-bred?" "She isn't letting us to use magic at all I'm not surprised" "The latest intelligence says that Fudge doesn't want you to train in combat" "Combat?" "He afraid we're forming some sorta wizard army?" "This's exactly what he thinks" "That Dumbledore is assembling his own forces to take on the ministry" "He's becoming more crack on the edge" "The others wouldn't want me to tell you this, Harry" "Things aren't going all well, the order" "Fudge's blocking the truth in every turn" "These disappearances as much how it started before" "Voldermort is on the move" "What do we do?" "Someone is coming, i'm sorry i can't be more help" "But for now, it looks like you're on your own" "He's out there isn't he?" "We've gotta be able to defend ourselves lf Umbridge refuses to teach us how we need someone who'll" "Harry" "This is mad, who want to be tough by me?" "I'm a nut, remember?" "Look at the bright side." "You can't be any worse than her, anyway" "Thanks, Ron" "Anything, mate" "Who supposed to make this?" "Just a couple of people" "Lovely spot." "Well, at least safer than being tracked" "Hey come back here" "Hi, So..." "We know why we're here" "We need a teacher" "Proper teacher" "One has really experienced to defend himself against the dark arts" "Why?" "Why?" "Because you know who's back you toadpole" "So as "HE" says" "So as Dumbledore says" "So Dumbledore says because He says?" "The point is where's the proof?" "Perhaps Harry could tell us more about Diggory got killed I'm not gonna talk about Cedric" "If that is why you're here, you might as well clear up now" "Come on Hermione, let's go, these are some sorts freaks ls that true you can produce petronus charm?" "Yes I've seen it" "Blimey Harry, I don't know you can do that?" "He killed a Basilisk..." "With a sword in Dumbledore's office lt's true" "Third year he fought about 100 dementor to 1" "And last year he really did fight who went to flash" "Wait" "Those sound great when you say it like that, but... ln fact, i was just lucky l didn't know what i was doing half of the time I nearly always had helped" "He's just being modest" "No, Hermione, i'm not" "Facing these stuff in real life isn't like in school lt isn't like you made a mistake you can try just try again tomorrow" "But out there" "When you're a second away from being murdered" "Or watching a friend die right before your eyes" "You don't know how it's like" "You're right, Harry, we don't" "That's why we need your help" "Because the one we try of beating..." "Voldermort" "He's really back?" ""Dumbledore Army"" "1st we need to find a place where Umbridge won't find out" "The shrinking shack?" "That's too small" "Forbidden forest?" "Too bloody horrible" "Harry, what happened if Umbridge does find out?" "Who cares?" "I mean...it"s exciting, isn't it?" "Breaking the rules" "Who are you and what have you done to Hermoine Granger?" "Anyway, at least we knew that is 1 positive thing that is coming in today..." "What's that?" "For the next few days we should... each come out for a couple of place we can use for practise" "We gotta make sure Umbridge won't find out this place" "All student organisations disbanded" "Watch where you're going Longbottom" "You've done it Neville!" "You have found the room of requirement" "What?" "This's also called come-and-go-room" "The room only appears when a person's immediate needs and it always equips with what the person needs" "So, you really needed a toilet?" "Charming really lt's great" "Just like Hogwarts wants to fight back" ""Expeliarmus"" "I'm hopeless" "You're just flourishing your wand too much, try like this" ""Expeliarmus"" "Would you please copy your whole text 4 times" "To ensure maximum attention" "You don't need to talk I think it's more like it" "Wands, away!" "Stuning is the most useful spell in arsenal.." "It's sorta a wizard fighting a battle really" "Come on, Nigel, give your best shot" "Stupify" "Good, not bad...at all" "Don't worry about, Hermione, I'll go easy" "Thanks, Ron" "Go on, Ron... 1 second You're on!" ""Stupify"" "Thank you" "Shut up I let her do that" "It's embarassing lt's really my intention" ""All students will submit to questioning"" "Come on, do you want a cup of tea?" "Focus on the fixed point, try again" ""Expeliarmus"" "You need to keep your concentration..." "Great" "Aim Higher" "I'm ok..." "Working hard is important, there's something about this even more..." "Believing in yourself" "Think of this, every great wizard in history" "Started out..." "Nothing more than what we're now..." "students lf they can do it, why not us?" ""Expeliarumus"" "Fantastic, well done, mate" "So, that's it for this lesson" "We aren't gonna be meeting again until after the holidays" "So just keep practising on your own best you can" "And well done, everyone, great great work" "Well done mate." "Thanks" "See you after Christmas" "See you in the common room Harry" "Thanks a lot, Harry" "Merry Christmas" "Harry Merry Christmas" "Have a merry christmas, Luna" "We've been thinking, Harry" "Sounds great, guys, would you excuse me?" "Are you alrite?" "I heard Umbridge gave you a hard time the other day" "Yeah, i'm ok lt's worth it" "Just..." "learning all these" "Made me wonder maybe he would..." "Cedric...gave me all these stuff" "He was really good lt was just Voldermort was better" "You're a really good teacher, Harry I've never been able to stunt anything before" "Mistletoe" "It keeps the Naragos out" "What are Naragos?" "I've no idea" "Well, how was it?" "Wet I mean she was sorta crying" "Not that bad, are you?" "I'm sure Harry's kising's more than satisfactory" "Cho's been half of the time crying these days I bet snogging will cheer her up" "You don't know how she must be feeling?" "Obviously she feel sad about Cedric and now got more confused now with Harry guilty about kissing him" "and she worry about everything else" "One person can fill all that..." "They'll explode" "It's because you've got an emotional range of tea spoon!" ""Voldermort maybe after something!"" ""Something he didn't have last time!"" ""Harry"" ""Harry!"" "In the dream, were you standing next to the victim?" "or looking down at the scene?" "Neither..." "It was like I'm who..." "Professor would you please tell me what happening..." "Everard, Arthur on guard at night" "Make sure he is found by the right people." "Sir...." "Phileus,you must go to your potrait in the Grimould Place tell them Arthur Weasly is gravely injured and his children will be arriving there soon by portkey" "They got it Albus..." "It was close but they got in" "What's more the Dark Lord failed to acquired..." "Ah, thank you.." "Look at me!" "What's happening to me?" "You wish to see me headmaster?" "Oh Severus, I am very can't wait!" "Not even in the morning!" "Otherwise we will be vulnerable!" "Its appear that there is a connection between the Dark Lord minds and your own" "Weather he is as yet aware of this connection is not clear" "Pray he remains ignorant" "You mean if he knows about it," "He'll be able to read my mind." "Read it, controll it... and injured." "In the past it was often the Dark Lord pleasure to invade the minds of his victims creating visions" "design to torture them to madness... only after extracting the last exquisit answer of agony" "Only when they had literally begging for death he finally kill them" "Use properly the power of Occlumency will help shield you from access or influence" "In this lesson i will attemp to penetrate your mind" "You will attemp to resist" "Prepare yourself!" "Concentrate POTTER..." "Here we go..." "Daddy's back" "Sit down, everybody, sit down, now's time for presents" |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a putting-practicing apparatus provided with a mirror.
2. Description of the Related Art
In addressing a golf ball with a putter, it is necessary to make a stroke line parallel with a straight line connecting player""s eyes with each other, and place the golf ball on the ground (floor) at a position thereof approximately right below the eye or at a position thereof a little outer (distant) from the position right below the eye in the direction orthogonal to the stroke line.
The conventional method of practicing addressing the golf ball is carried out as follows by a method (1) or a method (2).
(1) Picking up the golf ball with fingers, the player brings the golf ball into contact with one eye and looks downward. Then, the player releases the golf ball from the hand. The position of the ground (floor) at which the golf ball has dropped is the position right below the one eye.
(2) The player sets the golf ball on the ground (floor) and addresses the golf ball. Then, the player holds a string-connected punched coin at a level a little below one eye. Then, the player drops it vertically to check whether the set golf ball is located right below the coin.
The above practicing methods are unscientific.
Any of the conventional practicing methods allows the player to check whether the positional relationship between the player""s eyes and the set golf ball is correct, but it is difficult to check whether the stroke line is parallel with the straight line connecting player""s eyes with each other. Thus, it is difficult to practice putting the golf ball.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problem. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a putting-practicing apparatus having a simple construction and allowing a player to practice addressing and putting golf balls easily on both an inclined surface and a horizontal surface.
To achieve the object, in a putting-practicing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a base plate is installed on a holding tool through a supporting tool; a mirror is installed on the base plate at a required position thereof; and a space allowing a putter to be stroked is provided below the mirror.
In a putting-practicing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a base plate is installed on a holding tool through a supporting tool and an angle-adjusting device; a mirror is installed on the base plate at a required position thereof; and a level is installed on the base plate at a required position thereof that is interlocked with the mirror.
It is most advantageous to use a spherical joint capable of adjusting the angle of the base plate omnidirectionally as the angle-adjusting device. However, as the angle-adjusting device, it is possible to use a device movable on a fulcrum, a flexible tube, and the like as effective as the spherical joint. It is most effective to install the angle-adjusting device on the base plate such that the angle-adjusting device is disposed at a side of the base plate opposite to a side thereof at which the mirror is installed.
The holding tool may be trapezoidal, leg-shaped, pin-shaped, and in other shapes. But it is most favorable that the holding tool is rectangular plate-shaped.
According to the putting-practicing apparatus of the present invention, while a player is watching his/her eyes reflected in the mirror, he/she can easily check whether the straight line connecting his/her eyes with each other and a stroke line are parallel with each other, whether the positional relationship between his/her eyes and a golf ball set on the ground (floor) is correct, the backstroke of a putter, putting, and follow-through. Because the angle-adjusting device adjusts the angle of the base plate, he/she can practice putting the golf ball on an inclined surface, a horizontal surface, indoors, on putting green, and the like. |
Detection of Bordetella pertussis using a PCR test in infants younger than one year old hospitalized with whooping cough in five Peruvian hospitals.
To report the incidence, epidemiology, and clinical features of Bordetella pertussis in Peruvian infants under 1 year old. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in five hospitals in Peru from January 2010 to July 2012. A total of 392 infants under 1 year old were admitted with a clinical diagnosis of whooping cough and tested for B. pertussis by PCR. The pertussis toxin and IS481 genes were detected in 39.54% (155/392) of the cases. Infants aged less than 3 months were the most affected, with a prevalence of 73.55% (114/155). The most common household contact was the mother, identified in 20% (31/155) of cases. Paroxysm of coughing (89.03%, 138/155), cyanosis (68.39%, 106/155), respiratory distress (67.09%, 104/155), and breastfeeding difficulties (39.35%, 61/155) were the most frequent symptoms reported. An increase in pertussis cases has been reported in recent years in Peru, despite national immunization efforts. Surveillance with PCR for B. pertussis is essential, especially in infants less than 1 year old, in whom a higher rate of disease-related complications and higher mortality have been reported. |