Samuel Clesson Allen (May 17, 1831 – May 13, 1903), known professionally as S. C. Allen, was a wealthy businessman in the Kingdom of Hawaii and the Territory of Hawaii. He was the namesake and nephew of Massachusetts politician Samuel Clesson Allen and a cousin to Hawaiian diplomat Elisha Hunt Allen. The bark S. C. Allen, and Port Allen on Kauai were named in his honor.
 He was born in New Salem, Massachusetts and raised in Bangor, Maine, the son of Frederick H. Allen. After receiving his basic education, he was briefly employed by Wilkinson, Stetson & Co. in Boston. The Allen family had a record of government service in both the United States and the Kingdom of Hawaii.  His cousin Elisha Hunt Allen (1804–1883) was United States Minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii at the time S. C. relocated to the islands in 1850. He was the namesake of Minister Allen's father, US Congressman Samuel Clesson Allen (1772–1842). Elisha's son William Fessenden Allen (1831–1906) would serve on the staffs of Kamehameha V, Lunalilo and Kalākaua, as well as on the Advisory Council of the Provisional Government of Hawaii and the Executive Council of the Republic of Hawaii.
 On May 31, 1858, Allen received from Kamehameha IV a commission to take possession of unclaimed Pacific islands for the Hawaiian Kingdom. The first claim was on Johnston Atoll on June 14, which Allen named Kalama after his ship. The atoll had been claimed under the U.S. Guano Islands Act the previous December, leading to disputes over the island's ownership.
 There was probably no industry of the Territory that he was not connected with in some way. He was essentially a merchant and trader with keen insight and almost unerring judgement. Mr. Allen neither sought nor cared for official honors.
 The Hawaiian Star
 After arriving in Hawaii, he used the name S. C. Allen professionally, and entered into a mercantile partnership with William A. Aldrich and John Smith Walker. In 1875, he and his brother-in-law Mark P. Robinson formed the Allen & Robinson Lumber Company and engaged in the operation of inter-island sailing ships. 
 Allen's business enterprises extended to the sugar industry in Hawaii. He was one of the directors of C. Brewer & Co., which commissioned the New England Shipbuilding Corporation of Bath, Maine to build the bark (sailing ship) S. C. Allen. The ship was launched May 8, 1888, and sailed from Boston on June 27. After a sea route that passed Melbourne, Australia, the ship arrived in Honolulu on January 5, 1889. It was partially gutted in 1913 in Honolulu Harbor, by a fire believed to have been caused by a carelessly tossed lit cigarette. The ship was eventually rebuilt.
 In his later years, he lost his vision and was dependent on family members for his mobility. When S. C. died in 1903, he left an estate valued at  $2,454,464.59 (Hawaiian dollars). The bulk of it was left in trust to wife Bathsheba, Mark P. Robinson, Joseph O. Carter (confidant and legal advisor to Liliʻuokalani) and Paul Muhlendorf (VP of Allen & Robinson) and their heirs. His wife had unrestricted access to the use of the estate's assets.  The individual bequests made in the will included immediate family and distant relatives, close friends and employees, and public institutions. 
 S. C. and  Bathsheba had no natural children of their own, but on November 12, 1877, they formally adopted George C. Allen (1868–1925), aka George F. Allen, aka George Clesson Fyfe Allen. In his will, S. C. nullified the adoption, leaving him $1 and disinheriting him from any claim to the estate. Citing George as having been in non-adherence to the signed Articles of Adoption, George was asked to sign a legal document relinquishing his rights to the estate.
 Port Allen on Kauai was originally named ʻEleʻele Landing. In 1909, terminal owner Kauai Railway renamed it for Allen.
 The first Allen to become related to Hawaiian royalty through marriage, albeit indirectly, was William Fessenden Allen who wed Cordelia Church Bishop (1837–1912), a cousin of Charles Reed Bishop, in 1865. Bishop was married to Bernice Pauahi Pākī, of the royal House of Kamehameha.
 In 1865, S. C. Allen married Bathsheba Maria Kulamanu Robinson (1849–1914), daughter of John James Robinson (1799–1876) and Rebecca Prever (1817– 1882), a descendant of Hawaiian chiefess Kamakana. The marriage merged two families who would influence Hawaiii's politics, ecology, and business economy for decades.  Among his Robinson in-laws were: