Aluísio Tancredo Gonçalves de Azevedo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐˈlwizju tɐ̃ˈkɾedu ɡõˈsawviʒ dʒɐzeˈvedu]; 14 April 1857 – 21 January 1913) was a Brazilian novelist, caricaturist, diplomat, playwright and short story writer. Initially a Romantic writer, he would later adhere to the Naturalist movement. He introduced the Naturalist movement in Brazil with the novel O Mulato, in 1881. He founded and occupied the 4th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1897 until his death in 1913.
 Azevedo was born in São Luís, to David Gonçalves de Azevedo (the Portuguese vice-consul in Brazil) and Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. He was the younger brother of the famous playwright Artur Azevedo.
 As a child, Aluísio would work as a traveling salesman. Following this, due to his love of painting and drawing, he would move to Rio de Janeiro in 1876 (where his brother Artur was living already), to study at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes. After graduating, he drew caricatures for journals such as O Fígaro, O Mequetrefe, Zig-Zag and A Semana Illustrada.
 His father's death, in 1878, made him return to São Luís, in order to take care of his family. He then initiated his writer career, publishing in 1880 a typical Romantic novel, Uma Lágrima de Mulher. He helped on the creation of an anticlerical journal named O Pensador, where he wrote Abolitionist articles. In 1881 he publishes the first Brazilian Naturalist novel ever: O Mulato, that deals with the themes of racism. Consolidating his career as a writer, he could return to Rio.
 He would write endlessly during the period of 1882–1895. Also dating from this period are his famous novels Casa de Pensão (1884) and O Cortiço (1890), as well as many other works written in partnership with his brother or with Émile Rouède.
 In 1895 he became a diplomat. He served as a minister in Spain, Japan, England, Italy and Argentina, where he died.
 1 (Adelino Fontoura): Luís Murat ►
Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay ►
Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins ►
Bernardo Élis ►
Evandro Lins e Silva ►
Ana Maria Machado
2 (Álvares de Azevedo): Coelho Neto ►
João Neves da Fontoura ►
João Guimarães Rosa ►
Mário Palmério ►
Tarcísio Padilha ►
Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca
3 (Artur de Oliveira): Filinto de Almeida ►
Roberto Simonsen ►
Aníbal Freire da Fonseca ►
Herberto Sales ►
Carlos Heitor Cony ►
Joaquim Falcão
4 (Basílio da Gama): Aluísio Azevedo ►
Alcides Maia ►
Viana Moog ►
Carlos Nejar
5 (Bernardo Guimarães): Raimundo Correia ►
Oswaldo Cruz ►
Aloísio de Castro ►
Cândido Mota Filho ►
Rachel de Queiroz ►
José Murilo de Carvalho ►
Ailton Krenak
6 (Casimiro de Abreu): Teixeira de Melo ►
Artur Jaceguai ►
Goulart de Andrade ►
Barbosa Lima Sobrinho ►
Raimundo Faoro ►
Cícero Sandroni
7 (Castro Alves): Valentim Magalhães ►
Euclides da Cunha ►
Afrânio Peixoto ►
Afonso Pena Júnior ►
Hermes Lima ►
Pontes de Miranda ►
Diná Silveira de Queirós ►
Sérgio Correia da Costa ►
Nelson Pereira dos Santos ►
Cacá Diegues
8 (Cláudio Manuel da Costa): Alberto de Oliveira ►
Oliveira Viana ►
Austregésilo de Athayde ►
Antônio Calado ►
Antônio Olinto ►
Cleonice Berardinelli ►
Ricardo Cavaliere
9 (Gonçalves de Magalhães): Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo ►
Marques Rebelo ►
Carlos Chagas Filho ►
Alberto da Costa e Silva ►
Vacant
10 (Evaristo da Veiga):  Rui Barbosa ►
Laudelino Freire ►
Osvaldo Orico ►
Orígenes Lessa ►
Lêdo Ivo ►
Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira
 11 (Fagundes Varela): Lúcio de Mendonça ►
Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa ►
Eduardo Ramos ►
João Luís Alves ►
Adelmar Tavares ►
Deolindo Couto ►
Darcy Ribeiro ►
Celso Furtado ►
Hélio Jaguaribe ►
Ignácio de Loyola Brandão
12 (França Júnior): Urbano Duarte de Oliveira ►
Antônio Augusto de Lima ►
Vítor Viana ►
José Carlos de Macedo Soares ►
Abgar Renault ►
Lucas Moreira Neves ►
Alfredo Bosi ►
Paulo Niemeyer Filho
13 (Francisco Otaviano): Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay ►
Francisco de Castro ►
Martins Júnior ►
Sousa Bandeira ►
Hélio Lobo ►
Augusto Meyer ►
Francisco de Assis Barbosa ►
Sérgio Paulo Rouanet ►
Ruy Castro
14 (Franklin Távora): Clóvis Beviláqua ►
Antônio Carneiro Leão ►
Fernando de Azevedo ►
Miguel Reale ►
Celso Lafer
15 (Gonçalves Dias): Olavo Bilac ►
Amadeu Amaral ►
Guilherme de Almeida ►
Odilo Costa Filho ►
Marcos Barbosa ►
Fernando Bastos de Ávila ►
Marco Lucchesi
16 (Gregório de Matos): Araripe Júnior ►
Félix Pacheco ►
Pedro Calmon ►
Lygia Fagundes Telles ►
Jorge Caldeira
17 (Hipólito da Costa): Sílvio Romero ►
Osório Duque-Estrada ►
Edgar Roquette-Pinto ►
Álvaro Lins ►
Antônio Houaiss ►
Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco ►
Fernanda Montenegro
18 (João Francisco Lisboa): José Veríssimo ►
Barão Homem de Melo ►
Alberto Faria ►
Luís Carlos ►
Pereira da Silva ►
Peregrino Júnior ►
Arnaldo Niskier
19 (Joaquim Caetano): Alcindo Guanabara ►
Silvério Gomes Pimenta ►
Gustavo Barroso ►
Silva Melo ►
Américo Jacobina Lacombe ►
Marcos Almir Madeira ►
Antônio Carlos Secchin
20 (Joaquim Manuel de Macedo): Salvador de Mendonça ►
Emílio de Meneses ►
Humberto de Campos ►
Múcio Leão ►
Aurélio de Lira Tavares ►
Murilo Melo Filho ►
Gilberto Gil
 21 (Joaquim Serra): José do Patrocínio ►
Mário de Alencar ►
Olegário Mariano ►
Álvaro Moreira ►
Adonias Filho ►
Dias Gomes ►
Roberto Campos ►
Paulo Coelho
22 (José Bonifácio the Younger): Medeiros e Albuquerque ►
Miguel Osório de Almeida ►
Luís Viana Filho ►
Ivo Pitanguy ►
João Almino
23 (José de Alencar): Machado de Assis ►
Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira ►
Alfredo Pujol ►
Otávio Mangabeira ►
Jorge Amado ►
Zélia Gattai ►
Luiz Paulo Horta ►
Antônio Torres
24 (Júlio Ribeiro): Garcia Redondo ►
Luís Guimarães Filho ►
Manuel Bandeira ►
Cyro dos Anjos ►
Sábato Magaldi ►
Geraldo Carneiro
25 (Junqueira Freire): Franklin Dória ►
Artur Orlando da Silva ►
Ataulfo de Paiva ►
José Lins do Rego ►
Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco ►
Alberto Venancio Filho
26 (Laurindo Rabelo): Guimarães Passos ►
João do Rio ►
Constâncio Alves ►
Ribeiro Couto ►
Gilberto Amado ►
Mauro Mota ►
Marcos Vilaça
27 (Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro): Joaquim Nabuco ►
Dantas Barreto ►
Gregório da Fonseca ►
Levi Carneiro ►
Otávio de Faria ►
Eduardo Portella ►
Antonio Cícero
28 (Manuel Antônio de Almeida): Inglês de Sousa ►
Xavier Marques ►
Menotti Del Picchia ►
Oscar Dias Correia ►
Domício Proença Filho
29 (Martins Pena): Artur Azevedo ►
Vicente de Carvalho ►
Cláudio de Sousa ►
Josué Montello ►
José Mindlin ►
Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti
30 (Pardal Mallet): Pedro Rabelo ►
Heráclito Graça ►
Antônio Austregésilo ►
Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira ►
Nélida Piñon ►
Heloísa Teixeira
 31 (Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa): Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior ►
João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes ►
Paulo Setúbal ►
Cassiano Ricardo ►
José Cândido de Carvalho ►
Geraldo França de Lima ►
Moacyr Scliar ►
Merval Pereira
32 (Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre): Carlos de Laet ►
Ramiz Galvão ►
Viriato Correia ►
Joracy Camargo ►
Genolino Amado ►
Ariano Suassuna ►
Zuenir Ventura
33 (Raul Pompeia): Domício da Gama ►
Fernando Magalhães ►
Luís Edmundo ►
Afrânio Coutinho ►
Evanildo Bechara
34 (Sousa Caldas): João Manuel Pereira da Silva ►
José Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr. ►
Lauro Müller ►
Aquino Correia ►
Magalhães Júnior ►
Carlos Castelo Branco ►
João Ubaldo Ribeiro ►
Zuenir Ventura ►
Evaldo Cabral de Mello
35 (Tavares Bastos): Rodrigo Otávio ►
Rodrigo Otávio Filho ►
José Honório Rodrigues ►
Celso Cunha ►
Cândido Mendes de Almeida ►
Godofredo de Oliveira Neto
36 (Teófilo Dias): Afonso Celso ►
Clementino Fraga ►
Paulo Carneiro ►
José Guilherme Merquior ►
João de Scantimburgo ►
Fernando Henrique Cardoso
37 (Tomás António Gonzaga): José Júlio da Silva Ramos ►
José de Alcântara Machado ►
Getúlio Vargas ►
Assis Chateaubriand ►
João Cabral de Melo Neto ►
Ivan Junqueira ►
Ferreira Gullar ►
Arno Wehling
38 (Tobias Barreto): Graça Aranha ►
Alberto Santos-Dumont ►
Celso Vieira ►
Maurício Campos de Medeiros ►
José Américo de Almeida ►
José Sarney
39 (Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen): Manuel de Oliveira Lima ►
Alberto de Faria ►
Rocha Pombo ►
Rodolfo Garcia ►
Elmano Cardim ►
Otto Lara Resende ►
Roberto Marinho ►
Marco Maciel ►
José Paulo Cavalcanti Filho
40 (José Maria da Silva Paranhos Sr.): 
Eduardo Prado ►
Afonso Arinos ►
Miguel Couto ►
Alceu Amoroso Lima ►
Evaristo de Moraes Filho ►
Edmar Bacha