gonglinyuan/CoSQA huggingface dataset:
Query: get theaverage in a list in python

def mean(inlist):
    """
Returns the arithematic mean of the values in the passed list.
Assumes a '1D' list, but will function on the 1st dim of an array(!).

Usage:   lmean(inlist)
"""
    sum = 0
    for item in inlist:
        sum = sum + item
    return sum / float(len(inlist))
Query: python impute nan is not in list

def impute_data(self,x):
        """Imputes data set containing Nan values"""
        imp = Imputer(missing_values='NaN', strategy='mean', axis=0)
        return imp.fit_transform(x)
Query: get unique elements of python list

def _uniquify(_list):
    """Remove duplicates in a list."""
    seen = set()
    result = []
    for x in _list:
        if x not in seen:
            result.append(x)
            seen.add(x)
    return result
Query: python include functions in folder

def setup_path():
    """Sets up the python include paths to include src"""
    import os.path; import sys

    if sys.argv[0]:
        top_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))
        sys.path = [os.path.join(top_dir, "src")] + sys.path
        pass
    return
Query: get utc offset datetime python

def convert_2_utc(self, datetime_, timezone):
        """convert to datetime to UTC offset."""

        datetime_ = self.tz_mapper[timezone].localize(datetime_)
        return datetime_.astimezone(pytz.UTC)
Query: get week end ing date in python

def get_week_start_end_day():
    """
    Get the week start date and end date
    """
    t = date.today()
    wd = t.weekday()
    return (t - timedelta(wd), t + timedelta(6 - wd))
Query: python init numpy with buffer

def _frombuffer(ptr, frames, channels, dtype):
    """Create NumPy array from a pointer to some memory."""
    framesize = channels * dtype.itemsize
    data = np.frombuffer(ffi.buffer(ptr, frames * framesize), dtype=dtype)
    data.shape = -1, channels
    return data
Query: get white space out of files in python

def get_stripped_file_lines(filename):
    """
    Return lines of a file with whitespace removed
    """
    try:
        lines = open(filename).readlines()
    except FileNotFoundError:
        fatal("Could not open file: {!r}".format(filename))

    return [line.strip() for line in lines]
Query: python initialize pagerank vector

def pagerank_limit_push(s, r, w_i, a_i, push_node, rho):
    """
    Performs a random step without a self-loop.
    """
    # Calculate the A and B quantities to infinity
    A_inf = rho*r[push_node]
    B_inf = (1-rho)*r[push_node]

    # Update approximate Pagerank and residual vectors
    s[push_node] += A_inf
    r[push_node] = 0.0

    # Update residual vector at push node's adjacent nodes
    r[a_i] += B_inf * w_i
Query: glclearcolor not working python

def set_clear_color(self, color='black', alpha=None):
        """Set the screen clear color

        This is a wrapper for gl.glClearColor.

        Parameters
        ----------
        color : str | tuple | instance of Color
            Color to use. See vispy.color.Color for options.
        alpha : float | None
            Alpha to use.
        """
        self.glir.command('FUNC', 'glClearColor', *Color(color, alpha).rgba)
Query: gps latitude longitude type in python

def to_gtp(coord):
    """Converts from a Minigo coordinate to a GTP coordinate."""
    if coord is None:
        return 'pass'
    y, x = coord
    return '{}{}'.format(_GTP_COLUMNS[x], go.N - y)
Query: python int to ip

def _get_ipv4_from_binary(self, bin_addr):
        """Converts binary address to Ipv4 format."""

        return socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, struct.pack("!L", bin_addr))
Query: grab smallest value in an array of ints python

def find_lt(a, x):
    """Find rightmost value less than x."""
    i = bs.bisect_left(a, x)
    if i: return i - 1
    raise ValueError
Query: python integer partition all permutations of certain size

def partition_all(n, iterable):
    """Partition a list into equally sized pieces, including last smaller parts
    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5129102/python-equivalent-to-clojures-partition-all
    """
    it = iter(iterable)
    while True:
        chunk = list(itertools.islice(it, n))
        if not chunk:
            break
        yield chunk
Query: gradient and hessian function syntax in python

def _hess_two_param(self, funct, p0, p1, dl=2e-5, rts=False, **kwargs):
        """
        Hessian of `func` wrt two parameters `p0` and `p1`. (see _graddoc)
        """
        vals0 = self.get_values(p0)
        vals1 = self.get_values(p1)

        f00 = funct(**kwargs)

        self.update(p0, vals0+dl)
        f10 = funct(**kwargs)

        self.update(p1, vals1+dl)
        f11 = funct(**kwargs)

        self.update(p0, vals0)
        f01 = funct(**kwargs)

        if rts:
            self.update(p0, vals0)
            self.update(p1, vals1)
        return (f11 - f10 - f01 + f00) / (dl**2)
Query: hash a dictionary python content

def dict_hash(dct):
    """Return a hash of the contents of a dictionary"""
    dct_s = json.dumps(dct, sort_keys=True)

    try:
        m = md5(dct_s)
    except TypeError:
        m = md5(dct_s.encode())

    return m.hexdigest()
Query: python invalid type typecast

def is_timestamp(obj):
    """
    Yaml either have automatically converted it to a datetime object
    or it is a string that will be validated later.
    """
    return isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime) or is_string(obj) or is_int(obj) or is_float(obj)
Query: hash contents of a file in python

def generate_hash(filepath):
    """Public function that reads a local file and generates a SHA256 hash digest for it"""
    fr = FileReader(filepath)
    data = fr.read_bin()
    return _calculate_sha256(data)
Query: python is a set empty

def unique_iter(seq):
    """
    See http://www.peterbe.com/plog/uniqifiers-benchmark
    Originally f8 written by Dave Kirby
    """
    seen = set()
    return [x for x in seq if x not in seen and not seen.add(x)]
Query: hashcode for a file python

def generate_hash(filepath):
    """Public function that reads a local file and generates a SHA256 hash digest for it"""
    fr = FileReader(filepath)
    data = fr.read_bin()
    return _calculate_sha256(data)
Query: python is list no na

def is_listish(obj):
    """Check if something quacks like a list."""
    if isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, set)):
        return True
    return is_sequence(obj)
Query: heatmap python set the axis limits

def set_mlimits(self, row, column, min=None, max=None):
        """Set limits for the point meta (colormap).

        Point meta values outside this range will be clipped.

        :param min: value for start of the colormap.
        :param max: value for end of the colormap.

        """
        subplot = self.get_subplot_at(row, column)
        subplot.set_mlimits(min, max)
Query: python is not none and condition

def _not_none(items):
    """Whether the item is a placeholder or contains a placeholder."""
    if not isinstance(items, (tuple, list)):
        items = (items,)
    return all(item is not _none for item in items)
Query: hoe to get index of a element in a list in python

def find_geom(geom, geoms):
    """
    Returns the index of a geometry in a list of geometries avoiding
    expensive equality checks of `in` operator.
    """
    for i, g in enumerate(geoms):
        if g is geom:
            return i
Query: python is or not symlink

def is_symlink(self):
        """
        Whether this path is a symbolic link.
        """
        try:
            return S_ISLNK(self.lstat().st_mode)
        except OSError as e:
            if e.errno != ENOENT:
                raise
            # Path doesn't exist
            return False
Query: python isdir doesn't work

def isdir(path, **kwargs):
    """Check if *path* is a directory"""
    import os.path
    return os.path.isdir(path, **kwargs)
Query: how call a function every 5 seconds python

def set(self, f):
        """Call a function after a delay, unless another function is set
        in the meantime."""
        self.stop()
        self._create_timer(f)
        self.start()
Query: python isinstance of a date

def is_date_type(cls):
    """Return True if the class is a date type."""
    if not isinstance(cls, type):
        return False
    return issubclass(cls, date) and not issubclass(cls, datetime)
Query: how can i can calculate the width and height of a image in pdf with python reportlab

def dimensions(self):
        """Get width and height of a PDF"""
        size = self.pdf.getPage(0).mediaBox
        return {'w': float(size[2]), 'h': float(size[3])}
Query: how can i change the color of type in python

def set(cls, color):
        """
        Sets the terminal to the passed color.
        :param color: one of the availabe colors.
        """
        sys.stdout.write(cls.colors.get(color, cls.colors['RESET']))
Query: python iterate dictionary sorted by key

def _dict_values_sorted_by_key(dictionary):
    # This should be a yield from instead.
    """Internal helper to return the values of a dictionary, sorted by key.
    """
    for _, value in sorted(dictionary.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(0)):
        yield value
Query: how can i get pdf page numbers python

def dimensions(self):
        """Get width and height of a PDF"""
        size = self.pdf.getPage(0).mediaBox
        return {'w': float(size[2]), 'h': float(size[3])}
Query: python iterate through method call

def find_all(self, string, callback):
		"""
		Wrapper on iter method, callback gets an iterator result
		"""
		for index, output in self.iter(string):
			callback(index, output)
Query: how can i query with devices around the network with python

def refresh_core(self):
        """Query device for all attributes that exist regardless of power state.

        This will force a refresh for all device queries that are valid to
        request at any time.  It's the only safe suite of queries that we can
        make if we do not know the current state (on or off+standby).

        This does not return any data, it just issues the queries.
        """
        self.log.info('Sending out mass query for all attributes')
        for key in ATTR_CORE:
            self.query(key)
Query: python iterator check next

def next(self):
        """Provides hook for Python2 iterator functionality."""
        _LOGGER.debug("reading next")
        if self.closed:
            _LOGGER.debug("stream is closed")
            raise StopIteration()

        line = self.readline()
        if not line:
            _LOGGER.debug("nothing more to read")
            raise StopIteration()

        return line
Query: how can we remove string in python

def remove_bad(string):
    """
    remove problem characters from string
    """
    remove = [':', ',', '(', ')', ' ', '|', ';', '\'']
    for c in remove:
        string = string.replace(c, '_')
    return string
Query: python iterator read file

def txt_line_iterator(path):
  """Iterate through lines of file."""
  with tf.gfile.Open(path) as f:
    for line in f:
      yield line.strip()
Query: python iterator with conditional

def __iter__(self):
        """Overloads iter(condition), and also, for bit in condition. The
        values yielded by the iterator are True (1), False (0), or
        None (#)."""
        for bit, mask in zip(self._bits, self._mask):
            yield bit if mask else None
Query: how do i clear python cache

def purge_cache(self, object_type):
        """ Purge the named cache of all values. If no cache exists for object_type, nothing is done """
        if object_type in self.mapping:
            cache = self.mapping[object_type]
            log.debug("Purging [{}] cache of {} values.".format(object_type, len(cache)))
            cache.purge()
Query: python iterator with index

def stop_at(iterable, idx):
    """Stops iterating before yielding the specified idx."""
    for i, item in enumerate(iterable):
        if i == idx: return
        yield item
Query: how do i compute greatest common divisor in python

def _gcd_array(X):
    """
    Return the largest real value h such that all elements in x are integer
    multiples of h.
    """
    greatest_common_divisor = 0.0
    for x in X:
        greatest_common_divisor = _gcd(greatest_common_divisor, x)

    return greatest_common_divisor
Query: python join list to string with delimiter

def list2string (inlist,delimit=' '):
    """
Converts a 1D list to a single long string for file output, using
the string.join function.

Usage:   list2string (inlist,delimit=' ')
Returns: the string created from inlist
"""
    stringlist = [makestr(_) for _ in inlist]
    return string.join(stringlist,delimit)
Query: how do i make a function in python that counts the frequency of a letter in a text

def _letter_map(word):
    """Creates a map of letter use in a word.

    Args:
        word: a string to create a letter map from

    Returns:
        a dictionary of {letter: integer count of letter in word}
    """

    lmap = {}
    for letter in word:
        try:
            lmap[letter] += 1
        except KeyError:
            lmap[letter] = 1
    return lmap
Query: python jsengine eval call

def eval(self, expression, use_compilation_plan=False):
        """evaluates expression in current context and returns its value"""
        code = 'PyJsEvalResult = eval(%s)' % json.dumps(expression)
        self.execute(code, use_compilation_plan=use_compilation_plan)
        return self['PyJsEvalResult']
Query: how do i set a proxy in python

def enable_proxy(self, host, port):
        """Enable a default web proxy"""

        self.proxy = [host, _number(port)]
        self.proxy_enabled = True
Query: how do i time the amount of time it takes to run an operation in python

def timeit(output):
    """
    If output is string, then print the string and also time used
    """
    b = time.time()
    yield
    print output, 'time used: %.3fs' % (time.time()-b)
Query: python json element exists

def task_property_present_predicate(service, task, prop):
    """ True if the json_element passed is present for the task specified.
    """
    try:
        response = get_service_task(service, task)
    except Exception as e:
        pass

    return (response is not None) and (prop in response)
Query: how do i turn many one colum matixes into one matrix in python

def im2mat(I):
    """Converts and image to matrix (one pixel per line)"""
    return I.reshape((I.shape[0] * I.shape[1], I.shape[2]))
Query: python json encode string to python type

def _bytes_to_json(value):
    """Coerce 'value' to an JSON-compatible representation."""
    if isinstance(value, bytes):
        value = base64.standard_b64encode(value).decode("ascii")
    return value
Query: how do i unzip file in python

def _unzip_handle(handle):
    """Transparently unzip the file handle"""
    if isinstance(handle, basestring):
        handle = _gzip_open_filename(handle)
    else:
        handle = _gzip_open_handle(handle)
    return handle
Query: python json grep file contents

def json_iter (path):
    """
    iterator for JSON-per-line in a file pattern
    """
    with open(path, 'r') as f:
        for line in f.readlines():
            yield json.loads(line)
Query: how do python names letters in word

def classnameify(s):
  """
  Makes a classname
  """
  return ''.join(w if w in ACRONYMS else w.title() for w in s.split('_'))
Query: python json if element exists

def task_property_present_predicate(service, task, prop):
    """ True if the json_element passed is present for the task specified.
    """
    try:
        response = get_service_task(service, task)
    except Exception as e:
        pass

    return (response is not None) and (prop in response)
Query: how do we disable \assertions in python

def test_security(self):
        """ Run security.py -- demonstrate the SECURITY extension """
        self.assertEqual(run_example(examples_folder + "security.py --generate"), 0)
        self.assertEqual(run_example(examples_folder + "security.py --revoke"), 0)
Query: how do you calculate distance between two lines in python

def distance_to_line(a, b, p):
    """Closest distance between a line segment and a point

    Args:
        a ([float, float]): x and y coordinates. Line start
        b ([float, float]): x and y coordinates. Line end
        p ([float, float]): x and y coordinates. Point to compute the distance
    Returns:
        float
    """
    return distance(closest_point(a, b, p), p)
Query: python json loads enforce ascii

def json(body, charset='utf-8', **kwargs):
    """Takes JSON formatted data, converting it into native Python objects"""
    return json_converter.loads(text(body, charset=charset))
Query: how do you close the program in python shell

def do_exit(self, arg):
        """Exit the shell session."""

        if self.current:
            self.current.close()
        self.resource_manager.close()
        del self.resource_manager
        return True
Query: how do you create a wrapper for api python

def home():
    """Temporary helper function to link to the API routes"""
    return dict(links=dict(api='{}{}'.format(request.url, PREFIX[1:]))), \
        HTTPStatus.OK
Query: python json parse numbers as string

def default_number_converter(number_str):
    """
    Converts the string representation of a json number into its python object equivalent, an
    int, long, float or whatever type suits.
    """
    is_int = (number_str.startswith('-') and number_str[1:].isdigit()) or number_str.isdigit()
    # FIXME: this handles a wider range of numbers than allowed by the json standard,
    # etc.: float('nan') and float('inf'). But is this a problem?
    return int(number_str) if is_int else float(number_str)
Query: python json store boolean

def from_json(value, **kwargs):
        """Coerces JSON string to boolean"""
        if isinstance(value, string_types):
            value = value.upper()
            if value in ('TRUE', 'Y', 'YES', 'ON'):
                return True
            if value in ('FALSE', 'N', 'NO', 'OFF'):
                return False
        if isinstance(value, int):
            return value
        raise ValueError('Could not load boolean from JSON: {}'.format(value))
Query: python jsonresponse int not callable

def json_response(data, status=200):
    """Return a JsonResponse. Make sure you have django installed first."""
    from django.http import JsonResponse
    return JsonResponse(data=data, status=status, safe=isinstance(data, dict))
Query: how does python determine two objects are equal

def equal(obj1, obj2):
    """Calculate equality between two (Comparable) objects."""
    Comparable.log(obj1, obj2, '==')
    equality = obj1.equality(obj2)
    Comparable.log(obj1, obj2, '==', result=equality)
    return equality
Query: python jsonschema validate schema file

def _validate(data, schema, ac_schema_safe=True, **options):
    """
    See the descritpion of :func:`validate` for more details of parameters and
    return value.

    Validate target object 'data' with given schema object.
    """
    try:
        jsonschema.validate(data, schema, **options)

    except (jsonschema.ValidationError, jsonschema.SchemaError,
            Exception) as exc:
        if ac_schema_safe:
            return (False, str(exc))  # Validation was failed.
        raise

    return (True, '')
Query: how does python interpolate a matrix

def _linearInterpolationTransformMatrix(matrix1, matrix2, value):
    """ Linear, 'oldstyle' interpolation of the transform matrix."""
    return tuple(_interpolateValue(matrix1[i], matrix2[i], value) for i in range(len(matrix1)))
Query: how i encode url in python

def url_encode(url):
    """
    Convert special characters using %xx escape.

    :param url: str
    :return: str - encoded url
    """
    if isinstance(url, text_type):
        url = url.encode('utf8')
    return quote(url, ':/%?&=')
Query: python judge bool all false

def _check_and_convert_bools(self):
        """Replace boolean variables by the characters 'F'/'T'
        """
        replacements = {
            True: 'T',
            False: 'F',
        }

        for key in self.bools:
            if isinstance(self[key], bool):
                self[key] = replacements[self[key]]
Query: how remove the spaces from a string python

def sanitize_word(s):
    """Remove non-alphanumerical characters from metric word.
    And trim excessive underscores.
    """
    s = re.sub('[^\w-]+', '_', s)
    s = re.sub('__+', '_', s)
    return s.strip('_')
Query: python keep list unique and sorted

def unique_list(lst):
    """Make a list unique, retaining order of initial appearance."""
    uniq = []
    for item in lst:
        if item not in uniq:
            uniq.append(item)
    return uniq
Query: python keep player from going off screen

def toggle_pause(self):
        """Toggle pause mode"""
        self.controller.playing = not self.controller.playing
        self.music.toggle_pause()
Query: how to add cookie to requests session in python3

def dispatch(self):
    """Wraps the dispatch method to add session support."""
    try:
      webapp2.RequestHandler.dispatch(self)
    finally:
      self.session_store.save_sessions(self.response)
Query: python keep processpool open until tasks complete

def wait(self, timeout=None):
    """
    Block until all jobs in the ThreadPool are finished. Beware that this can
    make the program run into a deadlock if another thread adds new jobs to the
    pool!

    # Raises
    Timeout: If the timeout is exceeded.
    """

    if not self.__running:
      raise RuntimeError("ThreadPool ain't running")
    self.__queue.wait(timeout)
Query: how to add each value in array to average python

def variance(arr):
  """variance of the values, must have 2 or more entries.

  :param arr: list of numbers
  :type arr: number[] a number array
  :return: variance
  :rtype: float

  """
  avg = average(arr)
  return sum([(float(x)-avg)**2 for x in arr])/float(len(arr)-1)
Query: how to add table styling in python

def adapter(data, headers, **kwargs):
    """Wrap vertical table in a function for TabularOutputFormatter."""
    keys = ('sep_title', 'sep_character', 'sep_length')
    return vertical_table(data, headers, **filter_dict_by_key(kwargs, keys))
Query: python kmeans distance to the centroid

def _cal_dist2center(X, center):
    """ Calculate the SSE to the cluster center
    """
    dmemb2cen = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(X, center.reshape(1,X.shape[1]), metric='seuclidean')
    return(np.sum(dmemb2cen))
Query: how to add tensorflow to python

def _int64_feature(value):
  """Wrapper for inserting int64 features into Example proto."""
  if not isinstance(value, list):
    value = [value]
  return tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=value))
Query: python lambda nested tuple

def lambda_tuple_converter(func):
    """
    Converts a Python 2 function as
      lambda (x,y): x + y
    In the Python 3 format:
      lambda x,y : x + y
    """
    if func is not None and func.__code__.co_argcount == 1:
        return lambda *args: func(args[0] if len(args) == 1 else args)
    else:
        return func
Query: how to add tensorflow to pythonpath after downloading directory

def tfds_dir():
  """Path to tensorflow_datasets directory."""
  return os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
Query: how to add vectors in python with ctypes structure

def vadd(v1, v2):
    """ Add two 3 dimensional vectors.
    http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/C/cspice/vadd_c.html

    :param v1: First vector to be added. 
    :type v1: 3-Element Array of floats
    :param v2: Second vector to be added. 
    :type v2: 3-Element Array of floats
    :return: v1+v2
    :rtype: 3-Element Array of floats
    """
    v1 = stypes.toDoubleVector(v1)
    v2 = stypes.toDoubleVector(v2)
    vout = stypes.emptyDoubleVector(3)
    libspice.vadd_c(v1, v2, vout)
    return stypes.cVectorToPython(vout)
Query: python lat lon local cartesian

def get_lons_from_cartesian(x__, y__):
    """Get longitudes from cartesian coordinates.
    """
    return rad2deg(arccos(x__ / sqrt(x__ ** 2 + y__ ** 2))) * sign(y__)