gonglinyuan/CoSQA huggingface dataset:
Query: python numpy fill arraw with sine wave

def constant(times: np.ndarray, amp: complex) -> np.ndarray:
    """Continuous constant pulse.

    Args:
        times: Times to output pulse for.
        amp: Complex pulse amplitude.
    """
    return np.full(len(times), amp, dtype=np.complex_)
Query: python multiple string substitutions

def replaceStrs(s, *args):
    r"""Replace all ``(frm, to)`` tuples in `args` in string `s`.

    >>> replaceStrs("nothing is better than warm beer",
    ...             ('nothing','warm beer'), ('warm beer','nothing'))
    'warm beer is better than nothing'

    """
    if args == (): return s
    mapping = dict((frm, to) for frm, to in args)
    return re.sub("|".join(map(re.escape, mapping.keys())),
                  lambda match:mapping[match.group(0)], s)
Query: python if variable type is not str

def is_unicode(string):
    """Validates that the object itself is some kinda string"""
    str_type = str(type(string))

    if str_type.find('str') > 0 or str_type.find('unicode') > 0:
        return True

    return False
Query: python filter a dictionary key,valyue

def _(f, x):
    """
    filter for dict, note `f` should have signature: `f::key->value->bool`
    """
    return {k: v for k, v in x.items() if f(k, v)}
Query: python if type is a string

def is_unicode(string):
    """Validates that the object itself is some kinda string"""
    str_type = str(type(string))

    if str_type.find('str') > 0 or str_type.find('unicode') > 0:
        return True

    return False
Query: how to determine the index interval for given range of array python

def _infer_interval_breaks(coord):
    """
    >>> _infer_interval_breaks(np.arange(5))
    array([-0.5,  0.5,  1.5,  2.5,  3.5,  4.5])

    Taken from xarray.plotting.plot module
    """
    coord = np.asarray(coord)
    deltas = 0.5 * (coord[1:] - coord[:-1])
    first = coord[0] - deltas[0]
    last = coord[-1] + deltas[-1]
    return np.r_[[first], coord[:-1] + deltas, [last]]
Query: how to indent a line of text in python

def indent(text: str, num: int = 2) -> str:
    """Indent a piece of text."""
    lines = text.splitlines()
    return "\n".join(indent_iterable(lines, num=num))
Query: to check if a set is empty in python

def is_any_type_set(sett: Set[Type]) -> bool:
    """
    Helper method to check if a set of types is the {AnyObject} singleton

    :param sett:
    :return:
    """
    return len(sett) == 1 and is_any_type(min(sett))
Query: how to check in python if token is person or not

def contains(self, token: str) -> bool:
        """Return if the token is in the list or not."""
        self._validate_token(token)
        return token in self
Query: python protobuf from byte array

def decode(self, bytes, raw=False):
        """decode(bytearray, raw=False) -> value

        Decodes the given bytearray according to this PrimitiveType
        definition.

        NOTE: The parameter ``raw`` is present to adhere to the
        ``decode()`` inteface, but has no effect for PrimitiveType
        definitions.
        """
        return struct.unpack(self.format, buffer(bytes))[0]
Query: python detect if path is valid

def valid_file(path: str) -> bool:
    """
    Verifies that a string path actually exists and is a file

    :param path: The path to verify
    :return: **True** if path exist and is a file
    """
    path = Path(path).expanduser()
    log.debug("checking if %s is a valid file", path)
    return path.exists() and path.is_file()
Query: python generate hash of list

def _my_hash(arg_list):
    # type: (List[Any]) -> int
    """Simple helper hash function"""
    res = 0
    for arg in arg_list:
        res = res * 31 + hash(arg)
    return res
Query: determine a file exist or not python

def file_exists(fname):
    """Check if a file exists and is non-empty.
    """
    try:
        return fname and os.path.exists(fname) and os.path.getsize(fname) > 0
    except OSError:
        return False
Query: treeview row selection python

def get_view_selection(self):
        """Get actual tree selection object and all respective models of selected rows"""
        if not self.MODEL_STORAGE_ID:
            return None, None

        # avoid selection requests on empty tree views -> case warnings in gtk3
        if len(self.store) == 0:
            paths = []
        else:
            model, paths = self._tree_selection.get_selected_rows()

        # get all related models for selection from respective tree store field
        selected_model_list = []
        for path in paths:
            model = self.store[path][self.MODEL_STORAGE_ID]
            selected_model_list.append(model)
        return self._tree_selection, selected_model_list
Query: python dir to show public attributes

def public(self) -> 'PrettyDir':
        """Returns public attributes of the inspected object."""
        return PrettyDir(
            self.obj, [pattr for pattr in self.pattrs if not pattr.name.startswith('_')]
        )
Query: delete a column in python db

def drop_column(self, tablename: str, fieldname: str) -> int:
        """Drops (deletes) a column from an existing table."""
        sql = "ALTER TABLE {} DROP COLUMN {}".format(tablename, fieldname)
        log.info(sql)
        return self.db_exec_literal(sql)
Query: python mssql send query that uses in tuple

async def executemany(self, sql: str, parameters: Iterable[Iterable[Any]]) -> None:
        """Execute the given multiquery."""
        await self._execute(self._cursor.executemany, sql, parameters)
Query: how to have python skip empty lines

def iter_lines(file_like: Iterable[str]) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
    """ Helper for iterating only nonempty lines without line breaks"""
    for line in file_like:
        line = line.rstrip('\r\n')
        if line:
            yield line
Query: how to define output path in python

def output_dir(self, *args) -> str:
        """ Directory where to store output """
        return os.path.join(self.project_dir, 'output', *args)
Query: set python path for pylint

def get_pylint_options(config_dir='.'):
    # type: (str) -> List[str]
    """Checks for local config overrides for `pylint`
    and add them in the correct `pylint` `options` format.

    :param config_dir:
    :return: List [str]
    """
    if PYLINT_CONFIG_NAME in os.listdir(config_dir):
        pylint_config_path = PYLINT_CONFIG_NAME
    else:
        pylint_config_path = DEFAULT_PYLINT_CONFIG_PATH

    return ['--rcfile={}'.format(pylint_config_path)]
Query: how to reurn the key for a largest value in python

def get_default_bucket_key(buckets: List[Tuple[int, int]]) -> Tuple[int, int]:
    """
    Returns the default bucket from a list of buckets, i.e. the largest bucket.

    :param buckets: List of buckets.
    :return: The largest bucket in the list.
    """
    return max(buckets)
Query: max size of a key in python

def codes_get_size(handle, key):
    # type: (cffi.FFI.CData, str) -> int
    """
    Get the number of coded value from a key.
    If several keys of the same name are present, the total sum is returned.

    :param bytes key: the keyword to get the size of

    :rtype: int
    """
    size = ffi.new('size_t *')
    _codes_get_size(handle, key.encode(ENC), size)
    return size[0]
Query: python remove all xml namespaces

def remove_namespaces(root):
    """Call this on an lxml.etree document to remove all namespaces"""
    for elem in root.getiterator():
        if not hasattr(elem.tag, 'find'):
            continue

        i = elem.tag.find('}')
        if i >= 0:
            elem.tag = elem.tag[i + 1:]

    objectify.deannotate(root, cleanup_namespaces=True)
Query: values in bytearray should be integers between python

def convert_bytes_to_ints(in_bytes, num):
    """Convert a byte array into an integer array. The number of bytes forming an integer
    is defined by num

    :param in_bytes: the input bytes
    :param num: the number of bytes per int
    :return the integer array"""
    dt = numpy.dtype('>i' + str(num))
    return numpy.frombuffer(in_bytes, dt)
Query: reading csv as numpy array in python

def csv_to_numpy(string_like, dtype=None):  # type: (str) -> np.array
    """Convert a CSV object to a numpy array.

    Args:
        string_like (str): CSV string.
        dtype (dtype, optional):  Data type of the resulting array. If None, the dtypes will be determined by the
                                        contents of each column, individually. This argument can only be used to
                                        'upcast' the array.  For downcasting, use the .astype(t) method.
    Returns:
        (np.array): numpy array
    """
    stream = StringIO(string_like)
    return np.genfromtxt(stream, dtype=dtype, delimiter=',')
Query: how to get first few rows in python

def genfirstvalues(cursor: Cursor, arraysize: int = 1000) \
        -> Generator[Any, None, None]:
    """
    Generate the first value in each row.

    Args:
        cursor: the cursor
        arraysize: split fetches into chunks of this many records

    Yields:
        the first value of each row
    """
    return (row[0] for row in genrows(cursor, arraysize))
Query: python return based on first digit of string

def first_digits(s, default=0):
    """Return the fist (left-hand) digits in a string as a single integer, ignoring sign (+/-).
    >>> first_digits('+123.456')
    123
    """
    s = re.split(r'[^0-9]+', str(s).strip().lstrip('+-' + charlist.whitespace))
    if len(s) and len(s[0]):
        return int(s[0])
    return default
Query: how to get % frequencies python

def _relative_frequency(self, word):
		"""Computes the log relative frequency for a word form"""

		count = self.type_counts.get(word, 0)
		return math.log(count/len(self.type_counts)) if count > 0 else 0
Query: python variable replacement in string

def replace_variables(self, source: str, variables: dict) -> str:
        """Replace {{variable-name}} with stored value."""
        try:
            replaced = re.sub(
                "{{(.*?)}}", lambda m: variables.get(m.group(1), ""), source
            )
        except TypeError:
            replaced = source
        return replaced
Query: python flatten a nested dictionaary

def flatten_multidict(multidict):
    """Return flattened dictionary from ``MultiDict``."""
    return dict([(key, value if len(value) > 1 else value[0])
                 for (key, value) in multidict.iterlists()])
Query: python text to list tokenizer split

def split(text: str) -> List[str]:
    """Split a text into a list of tokens.

    :param text: the text to split
    :return: tokens
    """
    return [word for word in SEPARATOR.split(text) if word.strip(' \t')]
Query: python get set word synonyms

def has_synset(word: str) -> list:
    """" Returns a list of synsets of a word after lemmatization. """

    return wn.synsets(lemmatize(word, neverstem=True))
Query: read and display a text file in python

def read_text_from_file(path: str) -> str:
    """ Reads text file contents """
    with open(path) as text_file:
        content = text_file.read()

    return content
Query: turning a string into a list in python

def _str_to_list(value, separator):
    """Convert a string to a list with sanitization."""
    value_list = [item.strip() for item in value.split(separator)]
    value_list_sanitized = builtins.list(filter(None, value_list))
    if len(value_list_sanitized) > 0:
        return value_list_sanitized
    else:
        raise ValueError('Invalid list variable.')
Query: truncate floats to 4 decimals in python

def truncate(value: Decimal, n_digits: int) -> Decimal:
    """Truncates a value to a number of decimals places"""
    return Decimal(math.trunc(value * (10 ** n_digits))) / (10 ** n_digits)
Query: stop a function from continuing python

def stop(self) -> None:
        """Stops the analysis as soon as possible."""
        if self._stop and not self._posted_kork:
            self._stop()
            self._stop = None
Query: how to get back to previous line in python while printing

def auto_up(self, count=1, go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes=False):
        """
        If we're not on the first line (of a multiline input) go a line up,
        otherwise go back in history. (If nothing is selected.)
        """
        if self.complete_state:
            self.complete_previous(count=count)
        elif self.document.cursor_position_row > 0:
            self.cursor_up(count=count)
        elif not self.selection_state:
            self.history_backward(count=count)

            # Go to the start of the line?
            if go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes:
                self.cursor_position += self.document.get_start_of_line_position()
Query: python code for least common multiple of a list of numbers

def lcm(num1, num2):
    """
    Find the lowest common multiple of 2 numbers

    :type num1: number
    :param num1: The first number to find the lcm for

    :type num2: number
    :param num2: The second number to find the lcm for
    """

    if num1 > num2:
        bigger = num1
    else:
        bigger = num2
    while True:
        if bigger % num1 == 0 and bigger % num2 == 0:
            return bigger
        bigger += 1
Query: index of last occurence of an element in a list in python

def _rindex(mylist: Sequence[T], x: T) -> int:
    """Index of the last occurrence of x in the sequence."""
    return len(mylist) - mylist[::-1].index(x) - 1
Query: python how to check if file older then

def is_up_to_date(outfile, basedatetime):
        # type: (AnyStr, datetime) -> bool
        """Return true if outfile exists and is no older than base datetime."""
        if os.path.exists(outfile):
            if os.path.getmtime(outfile) >= basedatetime:
                return True
        return False
Query: python reading text file as json

def from_file(file_path) -> dict:
        """ Load JSON file """
        with io.open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as json_stream:
            return Json.parse(json_stream, True)
Query: starttime minus current time delta in python

def run_time() -> timedelta:
    """

    :return:
    """

    delta = start_time if start_time else datetime.utcnow()
    return datetime.utcnow() - delta
Query: how to create a datetime object with a string date in python

def get_from_gnucash26_date(date_str: str) -> date:
    """ Creates a datetime from GnuCash 2.6 date string """
    date_format = "%Y%m%d"
    result = datetime.strptime(date_str, date_format).date()
    return result
Query: python load csv to numpy array

def csv_to_numpy(string_like, dtype=None):  # type: (str) -> np.array
    """Convert a CSV object to a numpy array.

    Args:
        string_like (str): CSV string.
        dtype (dtype, optional):  Data type of the resulting array. If None, the dtypes will be determined by the
                                        contents of each column, individually. This argument can only be used to
                                        'upcast' the array.  For downcasting, use the .astype(t) method.
    Returns:
        (np.array): numpy array
    """
    stream = StringIO(string_like)
    return np.genfromtxt(stream, dtype=dtype, delimiter=',')
Query: testing for empty file in python

def _cnx_is_empty(in_file):
    """Check if cnr or cns files are empty (only have a header)
    """
    with open(in_file) as in_handle:
        for i, line in enumerate(in_handle):
            if i > 0:
                return False
    return True
Query: python 3 domain url parse

def get_domain(url):
    """
    Get domain part of an url.

    For example: https://www.python.org/doc/ -> https://www.python.org
    """
    parse_result = urlparse(url)
    domain = "{schema}://{netloc}".format(
        schema=parse_result.scheme, netloc=parse_result.netloc)
    return domain
Query: how to determine data type of variable in python

def maybe_infer_dtype_type(element):
    """Try to infer an object's dtype, for use in arithmetic ops

    Uses `element.dtype` if that's available.
    Objects implementing the iterator protocol are cast to a NumPy array,
    and from there the array's type is used.

    Parameters
    ----------
    element : object
        Possibly has a `.dtype` attribute, and possibly the iterator
        protocol.

    Returns
    -------
    tipo : type

    Examples
    --------
    >>> from collections import namedtuple
    >>> Foo = namedtuple("Foo", "dtype")
    >>> maybe_infer_dtype_type(Foo(np.dtype("i8")))
    numpy.int64
    """
    tipo = None
    if hasattr(element, 'dtype'):
        tipo = element.dtype
    elif is_list_like(element):
        element = np.asarray(element)
        tipo = element.dtype
    return tipo
Query: a check funtion in python for turned based game

def was_into_check(self) -> bool:
        """
        Checks if the king of the other side is attacked. Such a position is not
        valid and could only be reached by an illegal move.
        """
        king = self.king(not self.turn)
        return king is not None and self.is_attacked_by(self.turn, king)
Query: check if column values are blank in python

def is_not_null(df: DataFrame, col_name: str) -> bool:
    """
    Return ``True`` if the given DataFrame has a column of the given
    name (string), and there exists at least one non-NaN value in that
    column; return ``False`` otherwise.
    """
    if (
        isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame)
        and col_name in df.columns
        and df[col_name].notnull().any()
    ):
        return True
    else:
        return False
Query: how to prepreocess multiple images in python

def load_preprocess_images(image_paths: List[str], image_size: tuple) -> List[np.ndarray]:
    """
    Load and pre-process the images specified with absolute paths.

    :param image_paths: List of images specified with paths.
    :param image_size: Tuple to resize the image to (Channels, Height, Width)
    :return: A list of loaded images (numpy arrays).
    """
    image_size = image_size[1:]  # we do not need the number of channels
    images = []
    for image_path in image_paths:
        images.append(load_preprocess_image(image_path, image_size))
    return images
Query: python pprint a long string

def _short_repr(obj):
  """Helper function returns a truncated repr() of an object."""
  stringified = pprint.saferepr(obj)
  if len(stringified) > 200:
    return '%s... (%d bytes)' % (stringified[:200], len(stringified))
  return stringified
Query: selecting a range of 2d elements from a numpy array gives empty array in python 3

def to_0d_array(value: Any) -> np.ndarray:
    """Given a value, wrap it in a 0-D numpy.ndarray.
    """
    if np.isscalar(value) or (isinstance(value, np.ndarray) and
                              value.ndim == 0):
        return np.array(value)
    else:
        return to_0d_object_array(value)
Query: product of all elements python

def dotproduct(X, Y):
    """Return the sum of the element-wise product of vectors x and y.
    >>> dotproduct([1, 2, 3], [1000, 100, 10])
    1230
    """
    return sum([x * y for x, y in zip(X, Y)])
Query: how to check if any char in a string is alpha python

def chars(string: any) -> str:
        """Return all (and only) the chars in the given string."""
        return ''.join([c if c.isalpha() else '' for c in str(string)])
Query: python check if date is valid

def valid_date(x: str) -> bool:
    """
    Retrun ``True`` if ``x`` is a valid YYYYMMDD date;
    otherwise return ``False``.
    """
    try:
        if x != dt.datetime.strptime(x, DATE_FORMAT).strftime(DATE_FORMAT):
            raise ValueError
        return True
    except ValueError:
        return False
Query: trimming off leading zeros python

def __remove_trailing_zeros(self, collection):
        """Removes trailing zeroes from indexable collection of numbers"""
        index = len(collection) - 1
        while index >= 0 and collection[index] == 0:
            index -= 1

        return collection[:index + 1]
Query: how to check 2 strings are the same in python

def indexes_equal(a: Index, b: Index) -> bool:
    """
    Are two indexes equal? Checks by comparing ``str()`` versions of them.
    (AM UNSURE IF THIS IS ENOUGH.)
    """
    return str(a) == str(b)
Query: python test elements of an array

def isarray(array, test, dim=2):
    """Returns True if test is True for all array elements.
    Otherwise, returns False.
    """
    if dim > 1:
        return all(isarray(array[i], test, dim - 1)
                   for i in range(len(array)))
    return all(test(i) for i in array)
Query: python remove non english charachters from a text

def clean(ctx, text):
    """
    Removes all non-printable characters from a text string
    """
    text = conversions.to_string(text, ctx)
    return ''.join([c for c in text if ord(c) >= 32])
Query: vs code python read text file

def read_text_from_file(path: str) -> str:
    """ Reads text file contents """
    with open(path) as text_file:
        content = text_file.read()

    return content
Query: conda python env not activated windows

def _find_conda():
    """Find the conda executable robustly across conda versions.

    Returns
    -------
    conda : str
        Path to the conda executable.

    Raises
    ------
    IOError
        If the executable cannot be found in either the CONDA_EXE environment
        variable or in the PATH.

    Notes
    -----
    In POSIX platforms in conda >= 4.4, conda can be set up as a bash function
    rather than an executable. (This is to enable the syntax
    ``conda activate env-name``.) In this case, the environment variable
    ``CONDA_EXE`` contains the path to the conda executable. In other cases,
    we use standard search for the appropriate name in the PATH.

    See https://github.com/airspeed-velocity/asv/issues/645 for more details.
    """
    if 'CONDA_EXE' in os.environ:
        conda = os.environ['CONDA_EXE']
    else:
        conda = util.which('conda')
    return conda
Query: python delete all characters from text

def clean(ctx, text):
    """
    Removes all non-printable characters from a text string
    """
    text = conversions.to_string(text, ctx)
    return ''.join([c for c in text if ord(c) >= 32])
Query: how to remove a empty string in python

def remove_blank_lines(string):
    """ Removes all blank lines in @string

        -> #str without blank lines
    """
    return "\n".join(line
                     for line in string.split("\n")
                     if len(line.strip()))
Query: python modify list of strings while iterating

def replace_in_list(stringlist: Iterable[str],
                    replacedict: Dict[str, str]) -> List[str]:
    """
    Returns a list produced by applying :func:`multiple_replace` to every
    string in ``stringlist``.

    Args:
        stringlist: list of source strings
        replacedict: dictionary mapping "original" to "replacement" strings

    Returns:
        list of final strings

    """
    newlist = []
    for fromstring in stringlist:
        newlist.append(multiple_replace(fromstring, replacedict))
    return newlist
Query: how to replace a certain word for another word in a string in python

def __replace_all(repls: dict, input: str) -> str:
    """ Replaces from a string **input** all the occurrences of some
    symbols according to mapping **repls**.

    :param dict repls: where #key is the old character and
    #value is the one to substitute with;
    :param str input: original string where to apply the
    replacements;
    :return: *(str)* the string with the desired characters replaced
    """
    return re.sub('|'.join(re.escape(key) for key in repls.keys()),
                  lambda k: repls[k.group(0)], input)
Query: numpy to tensor python

def astensor(array: TensorLike) -> BKTensor:
    """Covert numpy array to tensorflow tensor"""
    tensor = tf.convert_to_tensor(value=array, dtype=CTYPE)
    return tensor
Query: finding last index in python

def _rindex(mylist: Sequence[T], x: T) -> int:
    """Index of the last occurrence of x in the sequence."""
    return len(mylist) - mylist[::-1].index(x) - 1