gonglinyuan/CoSQA huggingface dataset:
Query: python process memory usage stats

def machine_info():
    """Retrieve core and memory information for the current machine.
    """
    import psutil
    BYTES_IN_GIG = 1073741824.0
    free_bytes = psutil.virtual_memory().total
    return [{"memory": float("%.1f" % (free_bytes / BYTES_IN_GIG)), "cores": multiprocessing.cpu_count(),
             "name": socket.gethostname()}]
Query: how to load text file to python

def Load(file):
    """ Loads a model from specified file """
    with open(file, 'rb') as file:
        model = dill.load(file)
        return model
Query: python proper way to get access token

def fetch_token(self, **kwargs):
        """Exchange a code (and 'state' token) for a bearer token"""
        return super(AsanaOAuth2Session, self).fetch_token(self.token_url, client_secret=self.client_secret, **kwargs)
Query: how to locate indices based on value in python

def index(m, val):
    """
    Return the indices of all the ``val`` in ``m``
    """
    mm = np.array(m)
    idx_tuple = np.where(mm == val)
    idx = idx_tuple[0].tolist()

    return idx
Query: python property change event

def on_property_change(self, name, old_value, new_value):
        """
        Called by the instance manager when a component property is modified

        :param name: The changed property name
        :param old_value: The previous property value
        :param new_value: The new property value
        """
        if self._registration is not None:
            # use the registration to trigger the service event
            self._registration.set_properties({name: new_value})
Query: how to locate python executable file on windows

def get_python():
    """Determine the path to the virtualenv python"""
    if sys.platform == 'win32':
        python = path.join(VE_ROOT, 'Scripts', 'python.exe')
    else:
        python = path.join(VE_ROOT, 'bin', 'python')
    return python
Query: python property with container

def get_property(self):
        """Establishes access of GettableProperty values"""

        scope = self

        def fget(self):
            """Call the HasProperties _get method"""
            return self._get(scope.name)

        return property(fget=fget, doc=scope.sphinx())
Query: how to lowercase text in python

def to_camel_case(text):
    """Convert to camel case.

    :param str text:
    :rtype: str
    :return:
    """
    split = text.split('_')
    return split[0] + "".join(x.title() for x in split[1:])
Query: python proxy objects iterable

def load(self):
        """Load proxy list from configured proxy source"""
        self._list = self._source.load()
        self._list_iter = itertools.cycle(self._list)
Query: how to make 80th percentile on python histogram

def ci(a, which=95, axis=None):
    """Return a percentile range from an array of values."""
    p = 50 - which / 2, 50 + which / 2
    return percentiles(a, p, axis)
Query: python pull image from url

def url_to_image(url):
    """
    Fetch an image from url and convert it into a Pillow Image object
    """
    r = requests.get(url)
    image = StringIO(r.content)
    return image
Query: how to make a 2d array with booleans in python

def is_bool_matrix(l):
    r"""Checks if l is a 2D numpy array of bools

    """
    if isinstance(l, np.ndarray):
        if l.ndim == 2 and (l.dtype == bool):
            return True
    return False
Query: python pull tables from sql database

def get_tablenames(cur):
    """ Conveinience: """
    cur.execute("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table'")
    tablename_list_ = cur.fetchall()
    tablename_list = [str(tablename[0]) for tablename in tablename_list_ ]
    return tablename_list
Query: how to make a default arguement in function python

def arg_default(*args, **kwargs):
    """Return default argument value as given by argparse's add_argument().

    The argument is passed through a mocked-up argument parser. This way, we
    get default parameters even if the feature is called directly and not
    through the CLI.
    """
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument(*args, **kwargs)
    args = vars(parser.parse_args([]))
    _, default = args.popitem()
    return default
Query: python push to history undo

def end_of_history(event):
    """
    Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being entered.
    """
    event.current_buffer.history_forward(count=10**100)
    buff = event.current_buffer
    buff.go_to_history(len(buff._working_lines) - 1)
Query: python put variables in a matrix

def a2s(a):
    """
     convert 3,3 a matrix to 6 element "s" list  (see Tauxe 1998)
    """
    s = np.zeros((6,), 'f')  # make the a matrix
    for i in range(3):
        s[i] = a[i][i]
    s[3] = a[0][1]
    s[4] = a[1][2]
    s[5] = a[0][2]
    return s
Query: how to make a file open at a specific time with python

def fopen(name, mode='r', buffering=-1):
    """Similar to Python's built-in `open()` function."""
    f = _fopen(name, mode, buffering)
    return _FileObjectThreadWithContext(f, mode, buffering)
Query: python pykeyboard arrow key

def on_key_press(self, symbol, modifiers):
        """
        Pyglet specific key press callback.
        Forwards and translates the events to :py:func:`keyboard_event`
        """
        self.keyboard_event(symbol, self.keys.ACTION_PRESS, modifiers)
Query: how to make a function iterable python

def map(cls, iterable, func, *a, **kw):
    """
    Iterable-first replacement of Python's built-in `map()` function.
    """

    return cls(func(x, *a, **kw) for x in iterable)
Query: python pymongo change field value

def update_one(self, query, doc):
        """
        Updates one element of the collection

        :param query: dictionary representing the mongo query
        :param doc: dictionary representing the item to be updated
        :return: UpdateResult
        """
        if self.table is None:
            self.build_table()

        if u"$set" in doc:
            doc = doc[u"$set"]

        allcond = self.parse_query(query)

        try:
            result = self.table.update(doc, allcond)
        except:
            # TODO: check table.update result
            # check what pymongo does in that case
            result = None

        return UpdateResult(raw_result=result)
Query: python pyodbc get value by column name

def _get_column_by_db_name(cls, name):
        """
        Returns the column, mapped by db_field name
        """
        return cls._columns.get(cls._db_map.get(name, name))
Query: python pypdf2 read document

def readme():
    """Try converting the README to an RST document. Return it as is on failure."""
    try:
        import pypandoc
        readme_content = pypandoc.convert('README.md', 'rst')
    except(IOError, ImportError):
        print("Warning: no pypandoc module found.")
        try:
            readme_content = open('README.md').read()
        except IOError:
            readme_content = ''
    return readme_content
Query: how to make a norm distribution in python

def ln_norm(x, mu, sigma=1.0):
    """ Natural log of scipy norm function truncated at zero """
    return np.log(stats.norm(loc=mu, scale=sigma).pdf(x))
Query: how to make a seconds to time in python

def time2seconds(t):
    """Returns seconds since 0h00."""
    return t.hour * 3600 + t.minute * 60 + t.second + float(t.microsecond) / 1e6
Query: python qcombobox change index not firing event

def _updateItemComboBoxIndex(self, item, column, num):
        """Callback for comboboxes: notifies us that a combobox for the given item and column has changed"""
        item._combobox_current_index[column] = num
        item._combobox_current_value[column] = item._combobox_option_list[column][num][0]
Query: how to make a username and password on python

def get_auth():
    """Get authentication."""
    import getpass
    user = input("User Name: ")  # noqa
    pswd = getpass.getpass('Password: ')
    return Github(user, pswd)
Query: python querystring value not there

def parse_querystring(self, req, name, field):
        """Pull a querystring value from the request."""
        return core.get_value(req.args, name, field)
Query: how to make an array of one element in python

def flatten_list(l):
    """ Nested lists to single-level list, does not split strings"""
    return list(chain.from_iterable(repeat(x,1) if isinstance(x,str) else x for x in l))
Query: python quotion mark and single quote

def represented_args(args, separator=" "):
    """
    Args:
        args (list | tuple | None): Arguments to represent
        separator (str | unicode): Separator to use

    Returns:
        (str): Quoted as needed textual representation
    """
    result = []
    if args:
        for text in args:
            result.append(quoted(short(text)))
    return separator.join(result)
Query: how to make an error message in python

def err(msg):
    """Pretty-print an error."""
    click.echo(click.style(msg, fg="red", bold=True))
Query: python rabbitmq channel reconnect

def reconnect(self):
        """Reconnect to rabbitmq server"""
        import pika
        import pika.exceptions

        self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.URLParameters(self.amqp_url))
        self.channel = self.connection.channel()
        try:
            self.channel.queue_declare(self.name)
        except pika.exceptions.ChannelClosed:
            self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.URLParameters(self.amqp_url))
            self.channel = self.connection.channel()
Query: how to make astype list python

def flatten(l, types=(list, float)):
    """
    Flat nested list of lists into a single list.
    """
    l = [item if isinstance(item, types) else [item] for item in l]
    return [item for sublist in l for item in sublist]
Query: how to make matrix sparse python

def is_sparse_vector(x):
    """ x is a 2D sparse matrix with it's first shape equal to 1.
    """
    return sp.issparse(x) and len(x.shape) == 2 and x.shape[0] == 1
Query: python raise without try

def _re_raise_as(NewExc, *args, **kw):
    """Raise a new exception using the preserved traceback of the last one."""
    etype, val, tb = sys.exc_info()
    raise NewExc(*args, **kw), None, tb
Query: how to make method into decoractor in python

def _iterable_to_varargs_method(func):
    """decorator to convert a method taking a iterable to a *args one"""
    def wrapped(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return func(self, args, **kwargs)
    return wrapped
Query: python raising to a power using for loop

async def power(source, exponent):
    """Raise the elements of an asynchronous sequence to the given power."""
    async with streamcontext(source) as streamer:
        async for item in streamer:
            yield item ** exponent
Query: how to make multi lined code in python

def  make_html_code( self, lines ):
        """ convert a code sequence to HTML """
        line = code_header + '\n'
        for l in lines:
            line = line + html_quote( l ) + '\n'

        return line + code_footer
Query: python random pseudo gaussian noise

def rlognormal(mu, tau, size=None):
    """
    Return random lognormal variates.
    """

    return np.random.lognormal(mu, np.sqrt(1. / tau), size)
Query: how to make python into binding

def main(ctx, connection):
    """Command line interface for PyBEL."""
    ctx.obj = Manager(connection=connection)
    ctx.obj.bind()
Query: python random selection from function

def sometimesish(fn):
    """
    Has a 50/50 chance of calling a function
    """
    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
        if random.randint(1, 2) == 1:
            return fn(*args, **kwargs)

    return wrapped
Query: how to make sprites move up and down in python

def move_back(self, dt):
        """ If called after an update, the sprite can move back
        """
        self._position = self._old_position
        self.rect.topleft = self._position
        self.feet.midbottom = self.rect.midbottom
Query: python random tuple between min and max

def random_color(_min=MIN_COLOR, _max=MAX_COLOR):
    """Returns a random color between min and max."""
    return color(random.randint(_min, _max))
Query: how to make text widget scrollable in python

def startEdit( self ):
        """
        Rebuilds the pathing based on the parts.
        """
        self._originalText = self.text()
        self.scrollWidget().hide()
        self.setFocus()
        self.selectAll()
Query: how to make the legend box outside python

def mpl_outside_legend(ax, **kwargs):
    """ Places a legend box outside a matplotlib Axes instance. """
    box = ax.get_position()
    ax.set_position([box.x0, box.y0, box.width * 0.75, box.height])
    # Put a legend to the right of the current axis
    ax.legend(loc='upper left', bbox_to_anchor=(1, 1), **kwargs)
Query: python read a yml file

def ReadManyFromPath(filepath):
  """Reads a Python object stored in a specified YAML file.

  Args:
    filepath: A filepath to the YAML file.

  Returns:
    A Python data structure corresponding to the YAML in the given file.
  """
  with io.open(filepath, mode="r", encoding="utf-8") as filedesc:
    return ReadManyFromFile(filedesc)
Query: how to make the python garbage collector run

def _clean_workers(self):
        """Delete periodically workers in workers bag."""
        while self._bag_collector:
            self._bag_collector.popleft()
        self._timer_worker_delete.stop()
Query: python read big and little endian

def read_data(file, endian, num=1):
    """
    Read a given number of 32-bits unsigned integers from the given file
    with the given endianness.
    """
    res = struct.unpack(endian + 'L' * num, file.read(num * 4))
    if len(res) == 1:
        return res[0]
    return res
Query: python read config, yaml

def _parse_config(config_file_path):
    """ Parse Config File from yaml file. """
    config_file = open(config_file_path, 'r')
    config = yaml.load(config_file)
    config_file.close()
    return config
Query: how to manually apply image filter in python

def filter_contour(imageFile, opFile):
    """ convert an image by applying a contour """
    im = Image.open(imageFile)
    im1 = im.filter(ImageFilter.CONTOUR)
    im1.save(opFile)
Query: python read dicom images

def numpy(self):
        """ Grabs image data and converts it to a numpy array """
        # load GDCM's image reading functionality
        image_reader = gdcm.ImageReader()
        image_reader.SetFileName(self.fname)
        if not image_reader.Read():
            raise IOError("Could not read DICOM image")
        pixel_array = self._gdcm_to_numpy(image_reader.GetImage())
        return pixel_array
Query: how to measure execution time of python function

def timedcall(executable_function, *args):
    """!
    @brief Executes specified method or function with measuring of execution time.
    
    @param[in] executable_function (pointer): Pointer to function or method.
    @param[in] args (*): Arguments of called function or method.
    
    @return (tuple) Execution time and result of execution of function or method (execution_time, result_execution).
    
    """
    
    time_start = time.clock();
    result = executable_function(*args);
    time_end = time.clock();
    
    return (time_end - time_start, result);
Query: python read file 'int' object is not callable

def _fast_read(self, infile):
        """Function for fast reading from sensor files."""
        infile.seek(0)
        return(int(infile.read().decode().strip()))
Query: how to merge cells in python

def wr_row_mergeall(self, worksheet, txtstr, fmt, row_idx):
        """Merge all columns and place text string in widened cell."""
        hdridxval = len(self.hdrs) - 1
        worksheet.merge_range(row_idx, 0, row_idx, hdridxval, txtstr, fmt)
        return row_idx + 1
Query: how to modify tensorflow lite c++ to python

def _int64_feature(value):
  """Wrapper for inserting int64 features into Example proto."""
  if not isinstance(value, list):
    value = [value]
  return tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=value))
Query: python read file json with

def open_json(file_name):
    """
    returns json contents as string
    """
    with open(file_name, "r") as json_data:
        data = json.load(json_data)
        return data
Query: how to mount connection string externally for he docker in python

def attach_to_container(self, container_id):
        """ A socket attached to the stdin/stdout of a container. The object returned contains a get_socket() function to get a socket.socket
        object and  close_socket() to close the connection """
        sock = self._docker.containers.get(container_id).attach_socket(params={
            'stdin': 1,
            'stdout': 1,
            'stderr': 0,
            'stream': 1,
        })
        # fix a problem with docker-py; we must keep a reference of sock at every time
        return FixDockerSocket(sock)
Query: python read from stdin till input stops

def _read_stdin():
    """
    Generator for reading from standard input in nonblocking mode.

    Other ways of reading from ``stdin`` in python waits, until the buffer is
    big enough, or until EOF character is sent.

    This functions yields immediately after each line.
    """
    line = sys.stdin.readline()
    while line:
        yield line
        line = sys.stdin.readline()
Query: how to move a row up in python

def move_up(lines=1, file=sys.stdout):
    """ Move the cursor up a number of lines.

        Esc[ValueA:
        Moves the cursor up by the specified number of lines without changing
        columns. If the cursor is already on the top line, ANSI.SYS ignores
        this sequence.
    """
    move.up(lines).write(file=file)
Query: python read json as ordered dictionary

def _read_json_file(self, json_file):
        """ Helper function to read JSON file as OrderedDict """

        self.log.debug("Reading '%s' JSON file..." % json_file)

        with open(json_file, 'r') as f:
            return json.load(f, object_pairs_hook=OrderedDict)
Query: how to move the legend on python lower left

def mpl_outside_legend(ax, **kwargs):
    """ Places a legend box outside a matplotlib Axes instance. """
    box = ax.get_position()
    ax.set_position([box.x0, box.y0, box.width * 0.75, box.height])
    # Put a legend to the right of the current axis
    ax.legend(loc='upper left', bbox_to_anchor=(1, 1), **kwargs)
Query: python read json from web

def get(url):
    """Recieving the JSON file from uulm"""
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
    data = response.read()
    data = data.decode("utf-8")
    data = json.loads(data)
    return data
Query: how to normalize a string in python

def normalize(self, string):
        """Normalize the string according to normalization list"""
        return ''.join([self._normalize.get(x, x) for x in nfd(string)])
Query: python read json iterate

def json_iter (path):
    """
    iterator for JSON-per-line in a file pattern
    """
    with open(path, 'r') as f:
        for line in f.readlines():
            yield json.loads(line)
Query: how to order a dictionary into keys in python

def flattened_nested_key_indices(nested_dict):
    """
    Combine the outer and inner keys of nested dictionaries into a single
    ordering.
    """
    outer_keys, inner_keys = collect_nested_keys(nested_dict)
    combined_keys = list(sorted(set(outer_keys + inner_keys)))
    return {k: i for (i, k) in enumerate(combined_keys)}
Query: python read one fom stdin

def read_stdin():
    """ Read text from stdin, and print a helpful message for ttys. """
    if sys.stdin.isatty() and sys.stdout.isatty():
        print('\nReading from stdin until end of file (Ctrl + D)...')

    return sys.stdin.read()
Query: how to pad with zero in python

def zero_pad(m, n=1):
    """Pad a matrix with zeros, on all sides."""
    return np.pad(m, (n, n), mode='constant', constant_values=[0])
Query: python read pickle to numpy array

def _openResources(self):
        """ Uses numpy.load to open the underlying file
        """
        arr = np.load(self._fileName, allow_pickle=ALLOW_PICKLE)
        check_is_an_array(arr)
        self._array = arr
Query: how to pass lists into json python

def save_list(key, *values):
    """Convert the given list of parameters to a JSON object.

    JSON object is of the form:
    { key: [values[0], values[1], ... ] },
    where values represent the given list of parameters.

    """
    return json.dumps({key: [_get_json(value) for value in values]})
Query: python read text file as corpus

def read_corpus(file_name):
    """
    Read and return the data from a corpus json file.
    """
    with io.open(file_name, encoding='utf-8') as data_file:
        return yaml.load(data_file)
Query: how to pass two dynamic arguements using function in python

def trigger(self, target: str, trigger: str, parameters: Dict[str, Any]={}):
		"""Calls the specified Trigger of another Area with the optionally given parameters.

		Args:
			target: The name of the target Area.
			trigger: The name of the Trigger.
			parameters: The parameters of the function call.
		"""
		pass
Query: python read top n lines of a file

def head(filename, n=10):
    """ prints the top `n` lines of a file """
    with freader(filename) as fr:
        for _ in range(n):
            print(fr.readline().strip())
Query: python read until end

def _readuntil(f, end=_TYPE_END):
	"""Helper function to read bytes until a certain end byte is hit"""
	buf = bytearray()
	byte = f.read(1)
	while byte != end:
		if byte == b'':
			raise ValueError('File ended unexpectedly. Expected end byte {}.'.format(end))
		buf += byte
		byte = f.read(1)
	return buf
Query: how to pop a value off an stack that is a fixed array in python 3

def push(h, x):
    """Push a new value into heap."""
    h.push(x)
    up(h, h.size()-1)
Query: python read words to list in lowercase

def camelcase2list(s, lower=False):
    """Converts a camelcase string to a list."""
    s = re.findall(r'([A-Z][a-z0-9]+)', s)
    return [w.lower() for w in s] if lower else s
Query: how to print only one return value in python

def print(*a):
    """ print just one that returns what you give it instead of None """
    try:
        _print(*a)
        return a[0] if len(a) == 1 else a
    except:
        _print(*a)
Query: python received a naive datetime

def get_naive(dt):
  """Gets a naive datetime from a datetime.

  datetime_tz objects can't just have tzinfo replaced with None, you need to
  call asdatetime.

  Args:
    dt: datetime object.

  Returns:
    datetime object without any timezone information.
  """
  if not dt.tzinfo:
    return dt
  if hasattr(dt, "asdatetime"):
    return dt.asdatetime()
  return dt.replace(tzinfo=None)
Query: how to print out help in python

def _help():
    """ Display both SQLAlchemy and Python help statements """

    statement = '%s%s' % (shelp, phelp % ', '.join(cntx_.keys()))
    print statement.strip()
Query: python recursive schema validation

def validate(schema, data, owner=None):
    """Validate input data with input schema.

    :param Schema schema: schema able to validate input data.
    :param data: data to validate.
    :param Schema owner: input schema parent schema.
    :raises: Exception if the data is not validated.
    """
    schema._validate(data=data, owner=owner)
Query: how to print outputs to python cmd window

def out(self, output, newline=True):
        """Outputs a string to the console (stdout)."""
        click.echo(output, nl=newline)
Query: python recursively flatten a list

def flat_list(lst):
    """This function flatten given nested list.
    Argument:
        nested list
    Returns:
        flat list
    """
    if isinstance(lst, list):
        for item in lst:
            for i in flat_list(item):
                yield i
    else:
        yield lst
Query: how to print something bold in python

def good(txt):
    """Print, emphasized 'good', the given 'txt' message"""

    print("%s# %s%s%s" % (PR_GOOD_CC, get_time_stamp(), txt, PR_NC))
    sys.stdout.flush()
Query: python recursively replace multiple list of text

def _sub_patterns(patterns, text):
    """
    Apply re.sub to bunch of (pattern, repl)
    """
    for pattern, repl in patterns:
        text = re.sub(pattern, repl, text)
    return text