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[ "Anti-Flag", "First three albums (1996-1999)", "What is the name of of the first album of Anti-Flag?", "Die For the Government,", "When was this album released?", "In 1996,", "What are some of the songs of this album?", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "the band released their second full-length release,", "What is the name of this second album?", "Their System Doesn't Work For You.", "In what year was this album relesed?", "In 1998,", "Did they release another album after that one?", "In 1999,", "And what is the name of this 3rd album?", "A New Kind of Army", "Who helped in the production of this album?", "Go-Kart Records/A-F Records.", "What other records companies are associated with the group?", "New Red Archives.", "Did the band go on any tours?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Sweet Soul Love is the third mini-album from Japanese singer Emi Tawata under the label Techesko. The album managed to reach the No. 284 spot on the Oricon ranking and charted for 1 week.\nThis third mini-album shows another side of Emi Tawatas style of music. This mini-album is more of the smooth R&B and Soul while her other 2 mini-albums were more of the Jazz kind. This mini-album contains 2 covers: one is from the well-known Japanese Jazz-singer Bird and one is from the famous reggae-singer Bob Marley\n\nTrack list\n\nReferences \n\n2009 albums\nEmi Tawata albums", "La Voz de un Ángel (Voice of An Angel), is Yuridia's debut album. La Voz de un Ángel was released in 2005, after the finale of La Academia, the Mexican reality show that the artist participated in. The album contains 15 songs interpreted by Yuridia during the series of concerts in the show, in which she was voted second place. The album has had the highest sales for a Mexican album in many years.\n\nSingles\n\"Ángel\"\n\"Maldita Primavera\"\n\nCertifications\n\nChart performance\nThe album was released in October 2005, and quickly rose in the charts. The album debuted at 15 in the Mexican Top 100 albums, and in a few weeks was at the top of the chart. La Voz de un Ángel stayed at number 1 for more than 3 months and is still in the Top 20 Mexican albums.\n\nThe first single from the album was a Spanish cover of Robbie Williams' song \"Ángel\", which became her biggest hit, and her most famous song to date. As of May 2009, the album is still inside the Top 100 Mexican albums, totaling more than 125 weeks.\n\nTrack listing\n\nReferences\n\nYuridia albums\n2005 debut albums" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death" ]

[ "Jayan quotes (ജയൻ ചൊല്ലുകൾ) or Jayan dialogues (ജയൻ ഡയലോഗുകൾ) are satirical quotes of superhuman strength in Malayalam that are based on the late action star Jayan who was a famed stunt performer during his movie career. Jayan worked in malayalam cinema, a sector of the Indian movie industry based in Kerala and was a highly popular stunt actor of his time. Jayan quotes began as an internet & sms phenomenon amongst malayalees around the world in the early 2000s as part of the Jayan phenomenon & resurgence which started in the late 1990s. These satirical quotes are the first known collection of its kind from anywhere in the world (other factoids like those on Chuck Norris, Kyle Katarn, Rajnikanth, Dharmendra etc. emerged later after 2004). Soon the quotes attained mainstream popularity and have become an integral part of popular culture in Kerala.\n\nOrigin\n\nJayan's superhuman image\nThe idea behind the origin of the quotes can be traced back to the action thrillers of the late 1970s in Malayalam which were filled with high risk stunt performances from Jayan who seldom relied on stunt doubles. Through such monumental stunt feats, his machismo image, masculine base voice and unique attire like elvis bellbottoms, Jayan had attained a reallife superhero image at the peak of his career. After his death in a helicopter accident while performing a stunt, these gradually paved way to the actor transforming into a legend over time while the fascination towards his image & style remained dormant in later generations, eventually giving rise to his persona's depiction as a comic superhero and in the process, the Jayan quotes.\n\n1990s Mimics Movement\nJayan quotes is related to the popularity of mimicry, an artform of imitation, comedy skits and impersonation, which gained mainstream fame among malayalee communities in the 1990s. Mimics sector was going through a period of stagnation with washed up ideas and worn out programs and at one point of time, was even facing a threat of dying out. It was during this crisis period that some groups decided to exploit Jayan's image and devised impersonations & skits based on Jayan persona which became instant hits giving rise to full scale commercialisation of the persona which was presented as a comic superhero who frequently delivered signature quotes demonstrating superhuman strength.\n\nFormat\nJayan quotes follow a unique pattern in that these are dialogues which are almost always in first person (unlike other trending factoids & jokes which are in third person). These dialogues are depicted as being said by Jayan or the person in the Jayan persona (although the actor has never uttered a single such quote in his lifetime). All known Jayan quotes are originally in Malayalam language which are translated to English in this article. Most of the quotes follow a general format; If there was \"this\", could've turned into \"that\" or If \"this\" was available, (I) could've done \"that\". For example, a popular Jayan quote is \"If there was a football field with four wells, could've played a game of carrom\". There are also quotes which do not follow this general rule such as another quote which says: \"What? the money purse in my pocket was actually a cement bag?\"\n\nVoice & Style\nThe voice style used to say Jayan quotes actually come from the style of dialogue delivery in Jayan films released after the actor's death in which the voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular mimicry artist of the time. Although the tone does resemble Jayan's original sound, the voice imitated widely in mimics programs and grotesquely used style is that of Alleppey Ashraf. Actor Jayan is not known to have ever uttered a single Jayan quote during his life.\n\nPopular quotes\nEnglish translations of some of the highly popular quotes are given below:\n Had I got a python, could have used it as a belt\n If a storm blew, could've enjoyed the breeze.\n If a volcano blew, could've enjoyed the warmth.\n If the sun could be reached, could've enjoyed a sun bath.\n If a knife was available, could've pricked the skin.\n If there was an elephant here, could've done some wrestling (same quote replacing elephant by \"crocodile\")\n\nSee also\n Chuck Norris facts\n\nBibliography \n Mathrubhumi Weekly, November 21, 2010\n Chithrabhumi, November 25, 2010\n\nReferences \n\nInternet memes", "Minnaminuginum Minnukettu is a 1995 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Thulasidas and produced by Mukesh R. Mehta. The film stars Jayaram, Jagadish, Shobhana, Thilakan and Kaviyoor Ponnamma in the lead roles. The film has musical score by S. P. Venkatesh.\n\nStory\nJayan (Jayaram) is a happy-go-lucky type guy who leads comfortable life due to his wealthy father (Thilakan) and lives along with his father, mother (Kaviyoor Ponnamma) and sister (Chippy). He is always accompanied by his friend Unni (Jagadeesh) who doesn't have parents or relatives. But even though Jayan was a rebel type of guy, he always has kindness for the poor. Once such incident made him have a clash with Unnithan (Janardhanan), a wealthy contractor. But later Jayan finds that Unnithan and his father were great friends and that incident turns the way for a marriage proposal with Unnithan's daughter Radhika (Shobhana). Even though Jayan initially was disinterested in the proposal, he finally agreed to see Unnithan's daughter. When Jayan saw Radhika, he was set in a motionless state and his hands were shaking when Radhika offered the tea cup to him. There was a flashback story between Jayan and Radhika during their college lives. Suresh Menon (Mahesh), who was then the roommate of Jayan was in love with Radhika. Jayan finally took his proposal only to see him getting insulted and finally slapped by Radhika in front of her friends. This made Jayan set a trap for her. The next day he and his friend went to her college and they said sorry in front of the whole college for what they have done. This cools Radhika and they became friends. During one of their meetings, Jayan asks for help from Radhika. Suresh and Lathika (Thesni Khan) who was a friend to Radhika was about to get married. But their families didn't agree for that proposal. So Radhika could help them get married by signing as one of the witnesses during their marriage. Radhika agreed and she came to the office only to sign the bride's column of her marriage with Suresh, which was the trap made by Jayan. With his money, he overcame all the legal issues that came during that way as it was illegal way of marriage. This also did not calm Jayan. The next day he and his friend played the climax of their scripted cruel drama only to make Radhika realize that it was cunning plan set by Jayan. She was deeply insulted.\n\nJayan feared that this marriage proposal was a plan by Radhika to avenge for what he has done. Radhika assures Jayan that she has forgotten their past issues and genuinely wants to continue with this marriage as her father wishes it. Radhika wins Jayan's trust and the duo gets married. After marriage, Radhika confesses that she was tricking him into a marriage as she wants to avenge for his deeds. Radhika tortures him in all possible ways, but the couple hides it in front of their families. Jayan, though he wanted to get rid of Radhika, eventually realises that he had actually fallen for Radhika amidst their cat fights. When Jayan's childhood friend Pinky (Heera Rajagopal) comes, Jayan's closeness with Pinky makes Radhika jealous. Forced by her aunt, Radhika lies that she is pregnant. This angers Jayan and he reveals the truth to their families. Eventually, Radhika leaves his house feeling guilty for hurting their families in the process of her revenge. Jayan declares that he is going to live with Pinky, which shocks everyone, and his family strongly protests. Jayan and Pinky decide to move on in their life and plan to shift to Mumbai. Unni informs this to Radhika. Before Jayan and Pinky leave to Mumbai, Radhika comes and apologises to everyone. Being a motherless child, she never had anyone to teach right and wrong in life, Radhika also confess that she has fallen for Jayan and because of which she will not stop him as she wanted him to be genuinely happy. Pinky reveals to everyone that all this was a drama played by Jayan, Unni and herself as they wanted Radhika to realise her love for Jayan. Even the tickets to Mumbai were in the names of Radhika and Jayan.\n\nCast\n\nJayaram as Jayan Menon \nJagadish as Unni \nShobhana as Radhika Unnithan\nThilakan as M.K.Menon\nKaviyoor Ponnamma as Jayan's Mother \nChippy\nPrem Kumar\nHeera Rajgopal as Pinky S. Menon\nJanardanan as Unnithan \nOduvil Unnikrishnan\nK. P. A. C. Lalitha\nSonia as Sathi\nMahesh\n\nSoundtrack\nThe music was composed by S. P. Venkatesh and the lyrics were written by Gireesh Puthenchery.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n1995 films\nIndian films\n1990s Malayalam-language films\nFilms directed by Thulasidas" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave)." ]

[ "The Lego Batman Movie was a product line based on The Lego Batman Movie, the second film of The Lego Movie franchise. It is licensed from The Lego Group, DC Comics and Warner Bros. Animation. The theme was first introduced in 2017 as part of a licensing and merchandising programme associated with the film. Alongside the release of the Lego sets, the programme included the release of several promotional short films and The Lego Batman Movie Game app. The product line was discontinued by the end of 2018.\n\nOverview\n\nOn 10 February 2017, The Lego Batman Movie was released by Warner Bros. Pictures. The storyline follows the DC Comics character Batman, voiced by Will Arnett, who attempts to overcome his greatest fear to stop the Joker's latest plan. To promote the film, The Lego Group released a collection of Lego construction sets and a set of collectible Lego minifigures, which were based on the characters and locations in the film. A range of other merchandise and media was produced as part of the marketing programme, including a number of books published by DK Publishing, Scholastic, Ameet and Blue Ocean. With more than 21 books, the robust movie tie-in program encompasses storybooks, readers, activity books, sticker books, magazines, junior novel, guide books and The Making of The Lego Batman Movie behind-the-scenes film guide, the first-ever making-of book for the franchise.\n\nIn 2016, The Lego Group built a life-sized model of The Batman who appear in The Lego Batman Movie film. The Batman contained a total of 53,998 Lego bricks, and weighed 286 pounds. They were placed in front of San Diego Comic Con. In 2017, The Lego Group built a life-sized model of The Batmobile based on The Lego Batman Movie film. The Batmobile contained a total of 300,000 Lego bricks, and weighed 1,700 pounds. They were placed in front of Detroit Auto Show.\n\nCharacters\n\n Batman: A billionaire, vigilante superhero from Gotham City.\n The Joker: Batman's archenemy who is also known as the \"Clown Prince of Crime\".\n Robin: An orphan who is adopted by Bruce Wayne, and becomes a sidekick to Batman.\n Barbara Gordon: A police officer who becomes the new police commissioner.\n Alfred Pennyworth: The family butler of the Wayne family, and friend to Bruce Wayne. \n Harley Quinn: The Joker's girlfriend and accomplice, and fellow-criminal in Gotham City. \n Commissioner James Gordon: The commissioner of the Gotham City Police Department, and ally to Batman. \n Chief O'Hara: the Gotham City Police Department's chief of police. \n Mayor McCaskill: The mayor of Gotham City.\n Two-Face: A disfigured lawyer once allied with Batman, who became a villain following his criminal downfall. \n Pamela Isley / Poison Ivy: A villain in Gotham city, who has powers to control flora lifeforms. \n Wicked Witch of the West: an evil witch from the Land of Oz who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone. \n Edward Nygma / Riddler: A riddle-obsessed criminal from Gotham City. \n Jonathan Crane / Scarecrow: A criminally insane former doctor, who uses fear gas to manipulate the people of Gotham City.\n Selina Kyle / Catwoman: An expert burglar, vigilante anti-hero and criminal from Gotham City.\n Clayface: A villainous criminal from Gotham City, with the metahuman ability of shapeshifting. \n Bane: A criminal genius who uses a drug called \"Venom\" to gain superhuman strength. Benson satirizes Tom Hardy's performance in The Dark Knight Rises. \n Victor Fries/ Mr. Freeze: A doctor and scientist from Gotham City, who turns to villainy following the death of his wife. Fries wears a cryogenic suit that grants him superhuman abilities and uses a freeze gun. \n Killer Croc: An animalistic, metahuman villain from Gotham City. \n Penguin: A rich and powerful crime lord from Gotham City, who uses trick-umbrellas and robotic penguins. \n Superman: A superhero with various superpowers, from the planet Krypton, and member of the Justice League who defends Earth and lives in Metropolis.\n\nToy line\n\nConstruction Sets\nAccording to Bricklink, The Lego Group released a total of 42 Lego sets and promotional polybags as part of The Lego Batman Movie theme. It was discontinued by the end of 2019.\n\nIn July 2016, The Lego Group had a partnership with Warner Bros. Animation and DC Comics. The Lego Group had announced that the first wave sets that based on The Lego Batman Movie film would be released on 10 February 2017. The 13 sets being released were The Joker Balloon Escape (set number: 70900), Mr. Freeze Ice Attack (set number: 70901), Catwoman Catcycle Chase (set number: 70902), The Riddler Riddle Racer (set number: 70903), Clayface Splat Attack (set number: 70904), The Batmobile (set number: 70905), The Joker Notorious Lowrider (set number: 70906), Killer Croc Tail-Gator (set number: 70907), The Scuttler (set number: 70908), Batcave Break-In (set number: 70909), Scarecrow Special Delivery (set number: 70910), The Penguin Arctic Roller (set number: 70911) and Arkham Asylum (set number: 70912). In addition, the 7 polybag sets have been released as a promotions are The Mini Batmobile (set number: 30521), Batman in the Phantom Zone (set number: 30522), The Joker Battle Training (set number: 30523), The Mini Batwing (set number: 30524), Disco Batman - Tears of Batman (set number: 30607) and Batgirl (set number: 30612). Also included 6 key chains with a key chain attached to the minifigures of Batman, The Joker, Robin, Catwoman, Harley Quinn and Kiss Kiss Tuxedo Batman. Each of the sets features four core characters, named Batman, Alfred, Robin and Batgirl.\n\nLater, the second wave sets would be released on 2 June 2017. The 5 sets being released were Scarecrow Fearful Face-off (set number: 70913), Bane Toxic Truck Attack (set number: 70914), Two-Face Double Demolition (set number: 70915), The Batwing (set number: 70916) and The Ultimate Batmobile (set number: 70917). In October 2017, The Lego Batman Movie Minifigure Collection (set number: 5004939) is an exclusive promo set only available in Toys \"R\" Us stores or online shop.\n\nIn 2018, the third wave sets would be released on 1 January 2018. The 6 sets being released were The Bat-Dune Buggy (set number: 70918), The Justice League Anniversary Party (set number: 70919), Egghead Mech Food Fight (set number: 70920), Harley Quinn Cannonball Attack (set number: 70921), The Joker Manor (set number: 70922) and The Bat-Space Shuttle (set number: 70923). In additional, The Mini Ultimate Batmobile (set number: 30526) and Bat Shooter (set number: 40301) polybag sets have been released as promotions.\n\nCollectible minifigures\nThe Lego Batman Movie Series 1 (set number: 71017) would be released on 1 January 2017 as a part of the Lego Minifigures theme. It consists of 20 characters instead of the usual 16.\n\nThe Lego Batman Movie Series 2 (set number: 71020) would be released around the world on 1 January 2018 as a part of the Lego Minifigures theme. It consists of 20 characters instead of the usual 16.\n\nBrickHeadz\nSeveral The Lego Batman Movie characters have also been released as part of the Lego BrickHeadz theme. A range of The Lego Batman Movie BrickHeadz was announced in 2017, which included Batman, Batgirl, Robin and The Joker as buildable characters.\n\nFilms\n\nThe Lego Batman Movie (2017)\n\nIn October 2014, Warner Bros. scheduled the release of The Lego Batman Movie, a spin-off starring Batman, for 2017, moving the release date for The Lego Movie 2 (later titled as The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part) to 2018. Will Arnett returned to voice Batman, with Chris McKay, who was earlier attached to the sequel, directing the film, the story written by Seth Grahame-Smith, and the film produced by Dan Lin, Roy Lee, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller. On April 20, 2015, Warner Bros. scheduled The Lego Batman Movie for a February 10, 2017 release. In July 2015, Arnett's Arrested Development co-star Michael Cera was cast to voice Robin. In August 2015, Zach Galifianakis entered final negotiations to voice the Joker. In October 2015, Rosario Dawson was cast to voice Barbara Gordon, the daughter of police commissioner James Gordon who later becomes the crime-fighting heroine Batgirl. The following month, Ralph Fiennes was cast as Alfred Pennyworth, Bruce Wayne's butler. Mariah Carey, although initial reports indicated she was playing Commissioner Gordon, was actually cast as Mayor McCaskill. The first trailer for the film was released on March 24, 2016, followed by a second on March 28 the same year. The film was released in the United States on February 10, 2017.\n\nThe score was composed by Lorne Balfe.\n\nShort films\nShort films set within the franchise were produced. Most of which were released on the home media releases of the films. In addition, various other shorts made to promote the films and unrelated real world events have been released on YouTube.\n\nDark Hoser (2017)\nDark Hoser is a short film included on the home media release of The Lego Batman Movie. Batman attends a tryout to apply to be a member of the Justice League of America, but only finds out he might be Canadian.\n\nBatman is Just Not That Into You (2017)\nBatman is Just Not That Into You is a short film included on the home media release of The Lego Batman Movie. Harley Quinn hosts a talk show and helps The Joker break up with Batman.\n\nCooking with Alfred (2017)\nCooking with Alfred is a short film included on the home media release of The Lego Batman Movie. Alfred hosts a cooking show with Batman and Robin as his guest stars.\n\nMovie Sound Effects: How Do They Do That? (2017)\nMovie Sound Effects: How Do They Do That? is a short film included on the home media release of The Lego Batman Movie. Bane, The Riddler, Poison Ivy and Catwoman are brought into a sound booth to help record sound effects for The Lego Batman Movie.\n\nBooks\nIn 2017, two books based on The Lego Batman Movie theme was released. The Making of The Lego Batman Movie and The Lego Batman Movie Essential Guide were released on February 11, 2017, by DK.\n\nVideo game and app\n\nLego Dimensions (2015)\n\nThe crossover toys-to-life game Lego Dimensions developed by Traveller's Tales features content based on the original The Lego Movie and The Lego Batman Movie. A \"Starter Pack\" includes an additional level that recreates the events of the original film and adds Wyldstyle as a playable character. Additional \"Fun packs\" add Emmet, Benny, Bad Cop and Unikitty as playable characters. A \"story pack\" offers an extended six-level story campaign retelling the events of The Lego Batman Movie, and includes a playable Robin and Batgirl. In addition, \"Fun packs\" added Excalibur Batman as a playable character.\n\nThe Lego Batman Movie Game (2017)\nAn app titled The Lego Batman Movie Game was a Lego-themed endless-runner game that based on the same name of the film and developed by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment was released on 11 January 2017 alongside of the film. It was released for Android and iOS.\n\nReception \nIn July 2018, The Scuttler (set number: 70908), Batcave Break-In (set number: 70909), The Ultimate Batmobile (set number: 70917) and The Bat-Space Shuttle (set number: 70923) was listed as \"The 10 Best ‘Batman’ Lego Sets for Kids and Collectors\" by official website Fatherly. In November 2018, the Toy Retailers Association listed The Lego Batman Movie Minifigure Series (set number: 71017) on its official list of 2018 Toy of the Year Awards.\n\nSee also \nThe Lego Movie (franchise)\nThe Lego Movie\nThe Lego Movie (Lego theme)\nThe Lego Batman Movie\nThe Lego Ninjago Movie\nThe Lego Ninjago Movie (Lego theme)\nThe Lego Movie 2: The Second Part\nUnikitty!\nLego Unikitty!\nLego Minifigures (theme)\nLego Batman\nLego Super Heroes\nLego Dimensions\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official website\n\nBatman Movie\nBatman Movie\nThe Lego Movie (franchise)\nProducts introduced in 2017\nDC Comics franchises\nBatman toys\nProducts and services discontinued in 2019", "Dekh Magar Pyaar Say is a 2015 Pakistani romantic comedy film directed by Asad ul Haq and produced by Ali Murtaza under the production banner Shiny Toy Guns. The film was the directorial debut for Haq. The movie starred Humaima Malick and Sikander Rizvi in the lead roles. The latter made his film debut with the movie.\n\nDekh Magar Pyar Se received positive reviews for good direction, acting and praise for its music. The cinematography was especially lauded as it showcased the beauty of Lahore.\n\nCast \nHumaima Malick as Annie\nSikander Rizvi as Sikandar\nIrfan Khoosat\nAmna Ilyas - Special appearance in song \"Kaala Doriya\"\n\nProduction \nThe film was produced, financed and developed by Shiny Toy Guns. The styling for the movie was done by Saima Rashid Bargfrede. Shehryar Yasin was hired as the Creative and Fashion Design Director for the movie.\n\nCasting\nOn 2 April 2015 Humaima Malick and Sikander Rizvi were confirmed as the lead actors. Amna Ilyas was cast for an item song \"Kaala Doriya\".\n\nFilming\nThe film was mostly shot in Lahore over a 45-day period with filming wrapping up in the week of 18 May. The cast and crew were spotted in London shooting scenes for the movie. The cast and crew were reportedly filming bonus footage for the movie in London.\n\nMarketing\nOn 2 April 2015 the first teaser poster for the movie was released. Motion poster was revealed on 2 June. The teaser trailer for the movie was released on 1 July via the movie's official Facebook page. To promote the movie, fans were given the opportunity to view the filming of the bonus footage being shot in London via the Periscope app. The movie was also promoted using the hashtag \"magarpyaarsay\". The theatrical trailer was revealed online on 12 July 2015.\n\nSoundtrack\n\nThe background score of the film was given by Abbas Ali Khan.\n\nReception \nDekh Magar Pyar Se received positive reviews with good directing and acting while praising its music.\n\nSee also\n List of Pakistani films of 2015\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n \n\n2015 films\n2015 romantic comedy films\nPakistani romantic comedy films\nPakistani films\nFilms shot in Lahore\nFilms shot in London\nFilms set in Lahore\nFilms set in London\nFilms featuring an item number\n2015 directorial debut films" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu." ]

[ "Vikas (born 9 February) is an Indian actor, director and writer who works predominantly in Karnataka Film Industry.\n\nPersonal life \nVikas was born on 9 February in Bangalore, Karnataka. His major claim to fame was directing Jayammana Maga for Duniya Vijay which was a blockbuster. He is currently acting in the movie Kanadante Mayavadanu (poster) which is slated to be released in the last quarter of 2019.\n\nCareer \nVikas started as an assistant director in Television Serials, fell in love with the editing machine the first time he saw it and became an editor. Directors working with him offered character roles in serials. Television Serials like Kadambari and guptagamini gave him recognition as an actor. Vikas made his film debut with the film Nandhi Starring Sudeep where he plays as Sudeep's friend. He assisted director Duniya Soori for Jackie (2010) where he also played the role of an antagonist \"Parangi Seena\" in the movie. He assisted the film maker Yogaraj Bhat and co-wrote the film Drama where he was credited for writing the screenplay as \"ravikiran\". He directed Jayammana Maga starring Duniya Vijay which went on to become a blockbuster. The subject dealt with occult and black magic. The response from critics was equally good. filmibeat gave it a rating of 4/5 stars. stating that the movie was not be missed. Times of India rated it a 3.5/5 and said Vikas has proved that he can be a part of the list of talented directors in sandalwood. Jayammana Maga Movie Review {3.5/5}: Critic Review of Jayammana Maga by Times of India Bharatstudent rated it 3.25/5 stating that the presentation was rich and the narrative was energetic. He has played a character role in Kaddipudi.\n\nVikas wrote the story of Doddmane Huduga starring Puneeth Rajkumar which was a commercial success. He was nominated for the best debutant director for South Indian International Movie Awards in the year 2014.\n\nAt present, Vikas is acting in the movie Kaanadante Maayavadanu. He has penned the story along with the debutante Director Raj Pathipati. It is a fantasy film which has a tag line \"Love story of a Ghost\". The film is the final stages of Post-production.\n\nFilmography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n\n \n\n\"Kaanadante Maayavadanu Official Website\"\n\n1975 births\n21st-century Indian male actors\nIndian film directors\nLiving people", "Mandeep Benipal is an Indian film director. He made his directorial debut with movie Ekam - Son of Soil in 2010. Later he came up with the movie Sadda Haq (2013), Yoddha (2014) and Dakuan Da Munda.\n\nCareer \nMandeep Benipal started his career as an assistant director. He assisted director Manoj Punj for movie Shaheed-E-Mohabbat Boota Singh (1999) starring Gurdas Maan, Divya Dutta and Des Hoyaa Pardes (2004) starring Gurdas Maan, Juhi Chawla. He also assisted Gaurav Trehan for movie Hashar (2008) starring Babbu Maan.\n\nMandeep Benipal made his debut as a director in the year 2010 with Punjabi movie Ekam - Son of Soil starring Babbu Maan, Mandy Takhar. The film opened to a good response at the box office.\n\nIn 2013, Mandeep Benipal came up with movie Sadda Haq in the year 2013. Sadda Haq is based on the events in the 1980s and 1990s when the state suffered from militancy, portrays several issues; including the murder of a human rights activist, alleged police torture, fake encounters, jailbreak and the assassination of a politician. This movie performed really well at box office. It was also a hit in UK. Sadda Haq was nominated in 10 different categories in PTC Punjabi Film Awards 2014 and the movie succeeded in winning three of them. Sadda Haq was initially banned by the Punjab Government, which stated that \"The release of the film was banned to maintain communal harmony in the state\". This movie was later released after the order of Supreme Court to lift the ban. Censor Board of India's gave this movie A Certificate.\n\nIn 2014, he came up with movie Yoddha - The Warrior starring Kuljinder Singh Sidhu in lead role. The film is based on the life of a simple person who becomes a warrior due to circumstances. Yoddha was notimated for 6 categories in PTC Punjabi Film Awards 2015.\n\nIn 2018, he directed the upcoming movie Dakuan Da Munda\n\nFilmography \n Ekam - Son of Soil (2010)\n Sadda Haq (2013)\n Yoddha (2014)\n Dakuan Da Munda (2018)\n Kaka Ji (2019)\n DSP Dev (2019)\n Dakuan Da Munda 2 (2022)\n\nAwards \nBenipal was nominated in Best Director category of PTC Punjabi Film Awards 2014.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n1976 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Patiala\nFilm directors from Punjab, India" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "Who was starring in the movie with him?", "co-star Balan K. Nair," ]

[ "In March 1984, a serious radiation accident occurred in Morocco, where eight people died from pulmonary hemorrhaging caused by overexposure to radiation from a lost iridium-192 source. Other individuals also received significant overdoses of radiation that required medical attention. Three people were sent to the Curie Institute in Paris for treatment of radiation poisoning.\n\nThe source was used to radiograph welds and became separated from its shielded container. As the source itself had no markings indicating it was radioactive, a worker took it home, where it stayed for some weeks, exposing the family to radiation. The laborer, his family, and some relatives were the eight deaths caused by the accident.\n\nSee also\n Nuclear and radiation accidents\n Goiânia accident\n Radiotherapy accident in Costa Rica\n Radiotherapy accident in Zaragoza\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Description of the incident in Johnston's Archive\n\nMan-made disasters in Morocco\n1984 industrial disasters\nMorocco\n1984 in Morocco\nMarch 1984 events in Africa", "The Turenki rail accident occurred on 12 March 1940, at 05:28 local time (03:28 UTC) near Turenki, Finland, and remains the worst rail accident in Finnish history. A troop train carrying soldiers of the 71st Supply Company and horses south from Loimaa to Viipuri collided with a northbound freight train. The two trains were travelling at 40 km/h (25 mph) and 25–30 km/h (15–19 mph) respectively at the time of collision. The death toll was particularly high due to many troop carriages being crushed; the carriages had initially been located at the rear of the train but were moved to the front just behind the locomotive at Toijala as the train changed direction. Rescue operations were also delayed.\n\nThe accident was caused by a signalling error; the signaller, who was still on probation and who had been awake for the past 36 hours, mistakenly cleared the freight train to pass Turenki north towards the Harviala railway station, even though the troop train had already passed the latter station which had been chosen as the place the two trains would pass each other. The signaller was sentenced to a two-year, one-month and ten-day prison sentence and to pay 30 000 Finnish marks in compensation.\n\nThe accident went largely unreported, as the accident happened during World War II and on the same day that the Moscow Peace Treaty which ended the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union was signed and went into effect. It was one of three rail accidents to take place in Finland in March 1940; the Iittala rail accident on March 4 claimed 31 lives and the Putikko rail accident on March 18 claimed 14 lives.\n\nA memorial to those who lost their lives in the crash was unveiled at Turenki railway station in 2000.\n\nSee also\n Quintinshill rail disaster – the worst rail accident in British history, which took place during wartime (but World War I, not World War II) and was likewise a train collision caused by signalling errors\n Lists of rail accidents\n\nReferences\n\nRailway accidents in 1940\nRailway accidents and incidents in Finland\n1940 in Finland\nRailway accidents caused by signaller's error\nTrain collisions in Finland\nAccidents and incidents involving VR Group" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "Who was starring in the movie with him?", "co-star Balan K. Nair,", "What caused the accident?", "During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries." ]

[ "Daniel D. Sutton (born August 4, 1970) was a Democratic member of the South Dakota Senate, representing the 8th district from 2001 through 2008. During his time in the state senate, he served as Minority Whip. Sutton was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1999 through 2000.\n\nSexual abuse allegations \nIn 2007, Sutton was sued for sexually abusing an 18-year-old legislative page. The case was settled with no money being paid to the person.\n\nReferences\n\n Ellis, Jonathan (13 March 2020). \"'I don't want anyone else to get hurt': Former state senator, mayoral candidate accused of sexual abuse\". Argus Leader. Retrieved 6 June 2020.\n\nExternal links\nSouth Dakota Legislature - Dan Sutton official SD Senate website\n\nProject Vote Smart - Senator Dan Sutton (SD) profile\nFollow the Money - Dan Sutton\n2006 2004 2002 2000 campaign contributions\n\nSouth Dakota state senators\nMembers of the South Dakota House of Representatives\n1970 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Flandreau, South Dakota", "Bonds on Bonds is a 2006 American 10-part reality television series starring former San Francisco Giants outfielder Barry Bonds that aired on ESPN. The show revolved on the life of Bonds and his chase of Babe Ruth and Hank Aaron's home run records. It was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions, producers of the Nickelodeon series All That and many other shows and movies.\n\nSegment breakdown\nThe first segment of Bonds on Bonds, aired Tuesday, April 4 nationwide on ESPN2. Much of the premiere episode dealt with how Bonds has coped with questions about whether steroids have fueled his athletic performance. At one point, Bonds even started to break down in tears. \"If it makes them happy to go out of their way to try to destroy me, go right ahead. You can't hurt me any more than you've already hurt me,\" he said. He continued by saying, \"You don't see me bringing anyone else into this. I'm going to take it myself.\" Bonds paused as his eyes welled and he choked back tears, \"And I'm going to take it because there's so many people who depend on me.\"\n\nIn different segments throughout the program, Bonds acknowledged his often rocky relations with the press but cast himself as a victim of critics out to tear him down. He described himself as \"mentally and emotionally drained\" but insisted he was not going to let anyone \"bring me down.\"\n\nCriticism and Cancellation\nESPN was criticized for allowing Bonds such a one-sided public pulpit, as it was the most powerful name in American sports journalism; the show was seen by some as ESPN giving up any semblance of journalism in favor of becoming a public relations front for major sports teams and players. In June 2006, ESPN and producer Tollin/Robbins Productions officially pulled the plug on the reality series, citing \"creative control\" issues with star Barry Bonds and his representatives. No other details about the decision were given. Bonds on Bonds had been absent from the network's schedule since May 30, 2006 and had been generating poor ratings.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nBarry Bonds\nESPN original programming\n2006 American television series debuts\n2006 American television series endings\n2000s American reality television series\nMajor League Baseball on television\nSan Francisco Giants" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "Who was starring in the movie with him?", "co-star Balan K. Nair,", "What caused the accident?", "During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.", "Was anyone else hurt?", "regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries." ]

[ "Edmund Pytts (23 February 1729 – 13 December 1781) was a British Tory politician, MP for Worcestershire 1753–1761.\n\nPytts was the son of Edmund Pytts and Susanna Collet. He may have been educated at Eton College 1742–45, and entered Lincoln's Inn in 1745.\n\nPytts' grandfather Samuel Pytts and father Edmund Pytts had both served as MP for Worcestershire. Following his father's death in 1753, he was elected unopposed to succeed him in a by-election, and re-elected unopposed in 1754. He did not stand in 1761, nor in any subsequent election.\n\nHe served as the High Sheriff of Worcestershire 1771–72.\n\nPytts inherited the family manor at Kyre Park, Worcestershire, owned by the Pytts family since 1575. He conveyed the property to his brother Jonathan some time before his death.\n\nHe died on 13 December 1781.\n\nReferences\n\n1729 births\n1781 deaths\nPeople educated at Eton College\nMembers of Lincoln's Inn\nBritish MPs 1747–1754\nBritish MPs 1754–1761\nTory members of the Parliament of Great Britain\nHigh Sheriffs of Worcestershire\nMembers of the Parliament of Great Britain for Worcestershire", "George Philips Alexander Sinclair, 15th Earl of Caithness (30 November 1858 – 28 May 1889), was a Scottish aristocrat.\n\nLife\nGeorge Sinclair was the eldest son of James Sinclair, 14th Earl of Caithness and his first wife Louisa Georgiana Philips. He was educated privately and at Magdalene College, Cambridge. On 28 March 1881 he succeeded his father as Earl of Caithness and 2nd Baron Barrogill. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Caithness from 1881 until his death in 1889.\n\nSuffering from epilepsy throughout his short life, his illness killed him at the age of 30. He died following an epileptic seizure at the Palace Hotel in Edinburgh. He never married and did not have any children. By his will, the 15th Earl bequeathed the Castle of Mey and its lands and estates out of the hands of the Sinclairs leaving the future Earls of Caithness without a family seat. He left it all to his friend, Mr F. G. Heathcote on the condition that he took the name of Sinclair (which he did) and that he lived in the Castle for at least 3 months of each year (which he also did).\n\nReferences\n\n Mosley, Charles (ed.), Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th Edition, Wilmington, Delaware, 2003, vol I, p. 645, \n The Peerage.com\n\nExternal links\n\n1858 births\n1889 deaths\nAlumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge\nLord-Lieutenants of Caithness\nEarls of Caithness" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "Who was starring in the movie with him?", "co-star Balan K. Nair,", "What caused the accident?", "During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.", "Was anyone else hurt?", "regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries.", "Did he have any family at the time of his death?", "His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later." ]

[ "\"Suicide Solution\" is a song by the English heavy metal vocalist singer-songwriter Ozzy Osbourne, from his 1980 debut album Blizzard of Ozz.\n\nOverview\nOsbourne said in 1991 that the song was about the alcohol-related death of AC/DC's Bon Scott in 1980, but Bob Daisley revealed in 2002 that he had Osbourne himself in mind when he wrote the lyrics.\n\nControversy and death of John Daniel McCollum \nOn 1 November 1985, a lawsuit against Osbourne and CBS Records was filed by the parents of John Daniel McCollum, a 19-year-old who committed suicide in Riverside, California on 27 October 1984 allegedly after listening to the song. The plaintiffs, however, failed to prove that Osbourne had any responsibility for the teenager's death. The plaintiffs' attorneys alleged that a line in the song stated, \"Why try? Get the gun and shoot!\" Lyricist Daisley and Osbourne himself both claimed that the line actually says, \"Get the flaps out\". \"Flaps\", they insisted, was an English vulgar slang term for \"vagina\". Don Arden, Black Sabbath's former manager and the father of Sharon Osbourne, is on record as having said of the song's controversial lyrics: \"To be perfectly honest, I would be doubtful as to whether Mr. Osbourne knew the meaning of the lyrics, if there was any meaning, because his command of the English language is minimal.\"\n\nPersonnel\nOzzy Osbourne – vocals\nRandy Rhoads – guitars\nBob Daisley – bass guitar\nLee Kerslake – drums\nDon Airey – keyboards\n\nSee also\n \"Better by You, Better Than Me\"\n Murder of Elyse Pahler\n\nReferences\n\n1980 songs\nOzzy Osbourne songs\nSongs about alcohol\nSongs about suicide\nSongs written by Randy Rhoads\nSongs written by Ozzy Osbourne\nSongs written by Bob Daisley\nObscenity controversies in music", "Untouchable: The Strange Life and Tragic Death of Michael Jackson is a 2012 biographical book written by Randall Sullivan. The book talks about the life and death of American entertainer Michael Jackson.\n\nReception\nThe book was met with some controversy, Sullivan argued that Jackson was not a \"child molester\" and rather, that he was \"pre-sexual\" having never engaged in sexual intercourse at all. The book also detailed much of Jackson's drug abuse in his later years, money trouble, and \"spending habits\"—which upset many of Jackson's diehard fans. Some fans started an online campaign against the book's sale on Amazon. Guardian columnist Deborah Orr points out: many of Jackson's more fanatic followers tend to criticize any negative press about Jackson's life, regardless of evidence or argument. Others called into question Sullivan's source material, and though Sullivan \"does an adequate job of chronicling Jackson’s over-the-top fame,\" he relies on too few verifiable sources to draw his conclusions. Nonetheless, Jackson's longtime attorney, Tom Mesereau, who was also one of Sullivan's main sources for his research on Jackson, came to Sullivan's defense and praised the book for its insight and accuracy. Still, others praised the book; for example, there was \"a glowing recommendation from broadcaster and journalist Danny Baker\" who called it the \"best\" book about Jackson; and The New Yorker praised the book's in-depth research, viz., for bringing to light the \"financial profligacy and wrongheadedness\" of Jackson's life and business choices.\n\nReferences\n\nWorks about Michael Jackson\n2012 non-fiction books" ]

[ "Jayan", "Death", "What caused Jayan's death?", "Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (English: Shockwave).", "Where was the movie set?", "the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "Who was starring in the movie with him?", "co-star Balan K. Nair,", "What caused the accident?", "During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.", "Was anyone else hurt?", "regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries.", "Did he have any family at the time of his death?", "His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later.", "Was there any controversy about his death?", "Some conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death," ]

[ "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts", "\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" is a 2010 science fiction/magical realism short story by American writer Harlan Ellison. It was first published in Realms of Fantasy.\n\nPlot summary\nA scientist creates a tiny man. The tiny man is initially very popular, but then draws the hatred of the world, and so the tiny man must flee, together with the scientist (who is now likewise hated, for having created the tiny man).\n\nReception\n\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" won the 2010 Nebula Award for Best Short Story, tied with Kij Johnson's \"Ponies\". It was Ellison's final Nebula nomination and win, of his record-setting eight nominations and three wins.\n\nTor.com calls the story \"deceptively simple\", with \"execution (that) is flawless\" and a \"Geppetto-like\" narrator, while Publishers Weekly describes it as \"memorably depict(ing) humanity's smallness of spirit\". The SF Site, however, felt it was \"contrived and less than profound\".\n\nNick Mamatas compared \"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" negatively to Ellison's other Nebula-winning short stories, and stated that the story's two mutually exclusive endings (in one, the tiny man is killed; in the other, he becomes God) are evocative of the process of writing short stories. Ben Peek considered it to be \"more allegory than (...) anything else\", and interpreted it as being about how the media \"give(s) everyone a voice\", and also about how Ellison was treated by science fiction fandom.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nAudio version of ''How Interesting: A Tiny Man, at StarShipSofa\nHow Interesting: A Tiny Man, at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database\n\nNebula Award for Best Short Story-winning works\nShort stories by Harlan Ellison" ]

[ "Hey Jude", "Composition and structure" ]

[ "Jazz standards are musical compositions that are widely known, performed, and recorded by jazz artists as part of the genre's musical repertoire. This list includes tunes written in the 1940s that are considered standards by at least one major fake book publication or reference work.\n\nThe swing era lasted until the mid-1940s, and produced popular tunes such as Duke Ellington's \"Cotton Tail\" (1940) and Billy Strayhorn's \"Take the 'A' Train\" (1941). When the big bands struggled to keep going during World War II, a shift was happening in jazz in favor of smaller groups. Some swing era musicians, like Louis Jordan, later found popularity in a new kind of music, called \"rhythm and blues\", that would evolve into rock and roll in the 1950s.\n\nBebop emerged in the early 1940s, led by Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and others. It appealed to a more specialized audience than earlier forms of jazz, with sophisticated harmonies, fast tempos, and often virtuoso musicianship. Bebop musicians often used 1930s standards, especially those from Broadway musicals, as part of their repertoire. Among standards written by bebop musicians are Gillespie's \"Salt Peanuts\" (1941) and \"A Night in Tunisia\" (1942), Parker's \"Anthropology\" (1946), \"Yardbird Suite\" (1946) and \"Scrapple from the Apple\" (1947), and Monk's \"'Round Midnight\" (1944), which is currently the most recorded jazz standard composed by a jazz musician.\n\n1940\n\n \"After Hours\" is a song composed by Avery Parrish with lyrics by Robert Bruce and Buddy Feyne. Parrish's own hit instrumental version, featuring him on piano with the Erskine Hawkins Orchestra, was recorded on June 10, 1940. Lyrics were added later.\n \"All Too Soon\" is a jazz ballad composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Carl Sigman. Tenor saxophonist Ben Webster's performance on the tune was so highly regarded by audiences that his successors in the band were asked how they dare sit on Webster's seat. Webster later recorded the tune with young Sarah Vaughan in 1946.\n \"Cotton Tail\" is a swing jazz composition by Duke Ellington, with lyrics later added by Jon Hendricks. It was based on the Rhythm changes, a chord progression later used as a basis for many bebop tunes. Ben Webster was often asked by audiences to play his famous tenor saxophone solo note for note. The name of the tune is sometimes spelled as \"Cottontail\".\n \"Do Nothing till You Hear from Me\" (a.k.a. \"Concerto for Cootie\") is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Bob Russell.\n \"Don't Get Around Much Anymore\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Bob Russell.\n \"How High the Moon\" is a song composed by Morgan Lewis with lyrics by Nancy Hamilton. Among the many takes by jazz instrumentalists there are two vocal renditions which made their way, the classic Ella Fitzgerald live performance, and Sarah Vaughan's rendition.\n \"In a Mellow Tone\" (a.k.a. \"In a Mellotone\") is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Milt Gabler.\n \"Polka Dots and Moonbeams\" is a song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen with lyrics by Johnny Burke.\n \"You Stepped Out of a Dream\" is a song composed by Nacio Herb Brown with lyrics by Gus Kahn.\n\n1941\n \"Aquarela do Brasil\" (a.k.a. \"Brazil\") is a song composed by Ary Barroso with lyrics by S. K. Russell. This is originally a samba from Brazil, which made its way in America and was sung by Carmen Miranda as well as by Frank Sinatra in his album Come Fly with Me, with arrangements by Billy May for Capitol Records.\n \"Blues in the Night\" is a song composed by Harold Arlen, with lyrics by Johnny Mercer. It was written for the 1941 film of the same name. Jazz-oriented artists who recorded the song include Woody Herman, Jimmie Lunceford, Artie Shaw, Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway, Frank Sinatra, Jo Stafford (both solo and with lyricist Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers), Ella Fitzgerald, Benny Goodman, and Mel Torme, among many others.\n \"Chelsea Bridge\" is a song written by Billy Strayhorn.\n \"Flamingo\" is a song composed by Ted Grouya with lyrics by Edmund Anderson.\n \"I Got It Bad (and That Ain't Good)\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Paul Francis Webster.\n \"I'll Remember April\" is a song composed by Gene de Paul with lyrics by Patricia Johnston and Don Raye.\n \"Jim\" is a song with music by James Caesar Petrillo and Milton Samuels (who also used the pseudonym Edward Ross), lyrics by Nelson Shawn. Jazz-oriented artists who recorded the song include Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughn, Dinah Shore, Billy Holiday, Etta James, and Aretha Franklin.\n \"Just A-Sittin' and A-Rockin'\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn, with lyrics by Lee Gaines.\n \"Just Squeeze Me (But Please Don't Tease Me)\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Lee Gaines.\n \"Salt Peanuts\" is a jazz composition by Kenny Clarke and Dizzy Gillespie.\n \"Take the 'A' Train\" is a song written by Billy Strayhorn.\n \"Why Don't You Do Right?\" is a blues song by Kansas Joe McCoy. Originally titled \"The Weed Smoker's Dream\", McCoy rewrote the lyrics for Lil Green, who recorded it with Big Bill Broonzy in 1941. Peggy Lee recorded a hit version with Benny Goodman in 1945; this version was performed in Who Framed Roger Rabbit by Jessica Rabbit at the Ink and Paint Club.\n \"You Don't Know What Love Is\" is a song written by Gene De Paul and Don Raye.\n\n1942\n \"C Jam Blues\" (a.k.a. \"Duke's Place\") is a song written by Duke Ellington.\n \"Epistrophy\" is a song composed by Thelonious Monk and Kenny Clarke.\n \"Lover Man (Oh, Where Can You Be?)\" is a song written by Jimmy Davis, Ram Ramirez and Jimmy Sherman. It is associated with the definitive Billie Holiday's rendition.\n \"A Night in Tunisia\" is a song composed by Dizzy Gillespie and Frank Paparelli with lyrics by Jon Hendricks.\n \"Perdido\" is a song composed by Juan Tizol with lyrics by Ervin Drake and Hans Jan Lengsfelder.\n \"Skylark\" is a song composed by Hoagy Carmichael with lyrics by Johnny Mercer.\n \"That Old Black Magic\" is a song composed by Harold Arlen, with lyrics by Johnny Mercer. Jazz-oriented artists who recorded it include Glenn Miller, Judy Garland, Louis Prima and Keely Smith, and the Freddie Slack Orchestra featuring Margaret Whiting on vocals.\n \"There Will Never Be Another You\" is a song composed by Harry Warren with lyrics by Mack Gordon.\n \"Things Ain't What They Used to Be\" is a song composed by Mercer Ellington with lyrics by Ted Persons.\n\"Woody 'n' You\" (a.k.a. \"Algo Bueno\") is a jazz composition by Dizzy Gillespie.\n\n1943\n \"Harlem Nocturne\" is a song composed by Earle Hagen with lyrics by Dick Rogers.\n \"Star Eyes\" is a song from the film I Dood It, written by Gene de Paul and Don Raye. It was introduced by Helen O'Connell and Bob Eberly in the film and became popular among jazz artists after Charlie Parker's 1951 recording.\n \"The Surrey with the Fringe on Top\" is a song composed by Richard Rodgers with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II.\n\n1944\n\n \"Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye\" is a song written by Cole Porter.\n \"Groovin' High\" is a jazz composition by Dizzy Gillespie.\n \"I Fall in Love Too Easily\" is a song composed by Jule Styne with lyrics by Sammy Cahn.\n \"I Should Care\" is a song written by Sammy Cahn, Axel Stordahl and Paul Weston.\n \"It Could Happen to You\" is a song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen with lyrics by Johnny Burke. This song's harmony was base to another composition titled 'Fried Bananas' written by saxophonist Dexter Gordon.\n \"Long Ago (and Far Away)\" is a song composed by Jerome Kern with lyrics by Ira Gershwin.\n \"'Round Midnight\" (a.k.a. \"'Round About Midnight\") is a song composed by Thelonious Monk and Cootie Williams with lyrics by Bernie Hanighen.\n \"Well, You Needn't (It's Over Now)\" is a song composed by Thelonious Monk with lyrics by Mike Ferro.\n\n1945\n \"Billie's Bounce\" (a.k.a. \"Bill's Bounce\") is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker.\n \"Everything but You\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington and Harry James with lyrics by Don George.\n \"Hot House\" is a jazz composition by Tadd Dameron.\n \"I'm Just a Lucky So-and-So\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Mack David.\n \"It Might as Well Be Spring\" is a song composed by Richard Rodgers with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II.\n \"Laura\" is a song composed by David Raksin for the film of the same title. Lyrics were penned later by Johnny Mercer and the vocal renditions by Frank Sinatra and by Johnny Mathis, with arrangement by Don Costa, became classic along with several jazz instrumental renditions.\n \"Now's the Time\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker.\n \"Since I Fell for You\" is a song written by Buddy Johnson.\n\n1946\n \"Angel Eyes\" is a song composed by Matt Dennis with lyrics by Earl K. Brent, it is associated with Frank Sinatra \"saloon\" rendition. \n \"Anthropology\" is a jazz composition by Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker.\n \"Come Rain or Come Shine\" is a song composed by Harold Arlen with lyrics by Johnny Mercer.\n \"Confirmation\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker.\n \"Day Dream\" is a song composed by Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn with lyrics by John La Touche.\n \"Do You Know What It Means to Miss New Orleans\" is a song composed by Louis Alter with lyrics by Eddie DeLange.\n\"If You Could See Me Now\" is a song composed by Tadd Dameron with lyrics by Carl Sigman.\n\"Nobody Else But Me\" is a song composed by Jerome Kern with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II. \n \"Ornithology\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker and Bennie Harris.\n \"Stella by Starlight\" is a song composed by Victor Young with lyrics by Ned Washington.\n \"Tenderly\" is a song composed by pianist Walter Gross with lyrics by Jack Lawrence.\n \"The Things We Did Last Summer\" is a song composed by Jule Styne with lyrics by Sammy Cahn.\n \"Yardbird Suite\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker.\n\n1947\n \"Autumn Leaves\" (originally \"Les feuilles mortes\") is a song composed by Joseph Kosma with original French lyrics by Jacques Prévert and English version by Johnny Mercer.\n \"But Beautiful\" is a song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen with lyrics by Johnny Burke.\n \"C'est si bon\" is a song composed by Henri Betti with original French lyrics by André Hornez and English version by Jerry Seelen in 1949.\n\"Donna Lee\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker.\n \"In Walked Bud\" is a song composed by Thelonious Monk. The song had lyrics written by Jon Hendricks who has recorded it with the composer in Monk's album titled Underground (Columbia Records).\n \"Lady Bird\" is a jazz composition by Tadd Dameron.\n \"Nature Boy\" is a song written by eden ahbez.\n \"On Green Dolphin Street\" is a song composed by Bronislaw Kaper with lyrics by Ned Washington. Main theme (instrumental) for the film 'Green Dolphin' which was retrieved by Miles Davis with great success.\n\"Our Delight\" is a jazz composition by Tadd Dameron.\n \"Scrapple from the Apple\" is a jazz composition by Charlie Parker. It was based on the chord progression of Fats Waller's \"Honeysuckle Rose\".\n\n1948\n \"Detour Ahead\" is a jazz composition with words and music credited to Herb Ellis, John Frigo, and Lou Carter. Probably most famously recorded by Billie Holiday in 1951 with Tiny Grimes.\n\"Four Brothers\" is a jazz composition by Jimmy Giuffre.\n \"The Night Has a Thousand Eyes\" is a song composed by Jerry Brainin, with lyrics by Buddy Bernier.\n\n1949\n \"Lush Life\" is a song written by Billy Strayhorn.\n \"My Foolish Heart\" is a song composed by Victor Young with lyrics by Ned Washington.\n\nNotes\n\nBibliography\n\nReference works\n\nFake books\n\nJazz,1940\n \nStandards,1940", "Treceți, batalioane române, Carpații () is a Romanian patriotic song. It is thought to have been composed in 1916, shortly before Romania's entry into World War I, although its first historical apparition occurred in February 1919, when members of the Romanian Legion of Transylvanian–Bukovinian Volunteers were recorded singing a version of the song. The original version (with 3 stanzas) is about how Romanian soldiers say goodbye to their families and go to Transylvania to fight against the Austro-Hungarian Empire for the unification of the region with the Kingdom of Romania.\n\nThe song was later \"revived\" in the 1970s and 1980s, when Adrian Păunescu and other poets added more stanzas and made the song part of the repertory of the spectacles of Cenaclul Flacăra, an artistic and cultural movement of the time. This ended up making the song more popular during the communist period.\n\nThere is a theory that the author was possibly , who composed around 30 other choirs and fanfares about Transylvania and Banat during the interwar period. However, he was only 12 in the year 1916, making it unlikely if the song was indeed composed at that time.\n\nThis song is similar to (\"Gray uniformed infantry\"), a Polish patriotic song reportedly from either 1918 or 1927.\n\nLyrics\nThe lyrics are as follows:\n\nOriginal version (World War I)\n\nCenaclul Flacăra version (1970s–1980s)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nRomanian patriotic songs\n1916 songs\nSongs of World War I\nRomanian military marches" ]

[ "Hey Jude", "Composition and structure", "how is the song composed?", "The Beatles first taped 25 takes of the song at EMI's Abbey Road Studios in London over two nights," ]

[ "Derivative Dribble is a blog written by Charles Davi focused on finance, particularly derivatives and structured products. The site explains how various financial instruments work and why they are used. Additionally, the site has many opinion pieces on how derivatives and structured products operate in the broader financial system.\n\nRecognition\nThe site is widely referenced in leading finance blogs and is syndicated on the Atlantic Monthly's Business Channel and Nouriel Roubini's RGE Monitor.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Derivative Dribble\n\nFinance websites", "In software engineering, structured analysis (SA) and structured design (SD) are methods for analyzing business requirements and developing specifications for converting practices into computer programs, hardware configurations, and related manual procedures.\n\nStructured analysis and design techniques are fundamental tools of systems analysis. They developed from classical systems analysis of the 1960s and 1970s.\n\nObjectives of structured analysis \nStructured analysis became popular in the 1980s and is still in use today. Structured analysis consists of interpreting the system concept (or real world situations) into data and control terminology represented by data flow diagrams. The flow of data and control from bubble to the data store to bubble can be difficult to track and the number of bubbles can increase.\n\nOne approach is to first define events from the outside world that require the system to react, then assign a bubble to that event. Bubbles that need to interact are then connected until the system is defined. Bubbles are usually grouped into higher level bubbles to decrease complexity. Data dictionaries are needed to describe the data and command flows, and a process specification is needed to capture the transaction/transformation information.\n\nSA and SD are displayed with structure charts, data flow diagrams and data model diagrams, of which there were many variations, including those developed by Tom DeMarco, Ken Orr, Larry Constantine, Vaughn Frick, Ed Yourdon, Steven Ward, Peter Chen, and others.\n\nThese techniques were combined in various published system development methodologies, including structured systems analysis and design method, profitable information by design (PRIDE), Nastec structured analysis & design, SDM/70 and the Spectrum structured system development methodology.\n\nHistory \nStructured analysis is part of a series of structured methods that represent a collection of analysis, design, and programming techniques that were developed in response to the problems facing the software world from the 1960s to the 1980s. In this timeframe most commercial programming was done in Cobol and Fortran, then C and BASIC. There was little guidance on \"good\" design and programming techniques, and there were no standard techniques for documenting requirements and designs. Systems were getting larger and more complex, and the information system development became harder and harder to do so.\"\n\nAs a way to help manage large and complex software, the following structured methods emerged since the end of the 1960s:\n Structured programming in circa 1967 with Edsger Dijkstra - \"Go To Statement Considered Harmful\"\n Niklaus Wirth Stepwise design in 1971\n Nassi–Shneiderman diagram in 1972\n Warnier/Orr diagram in 1974 - \"Logical Construction of Programs\"\n HIPO in 1974 - IBM Hierarchy input-process-output (though this should really be output-input-process)\n Structured design around 1975 with Larry Constantine, Ed Yourdon and Wayne Stevens.\n Jackson structured programming in circa 1975 developed by Michael A. Jackson\n Structured analysis in circa 1978 with Tom DeMarco, Edward Yourdon, Gane & Sarson, McMenamin & Palmer.\n Structured analysis and design technique (SADT) developed by Douglas T. Ross\n Yourdon structured method developed by Edward Yourdon.\n Structured analysis and system specification published in 1978 by Tom DeMarco.\n Structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM) first presented in 1983 developed by the UK Office of Government Commerce.\nEssential Systems Analysis, proposed by Stephen M. McMenamin and John F. Palmer\n IDEF0 based on SADT, developed by Douglas T. Ross in 1985.\nHatley-Pirbhai modeling, defined in \"Strategies for Real-Time System Specification\" by Derek J. Hatley and Imtiaz A. Pirbhai in 1988.\nModern Structured Analysis, developed by Edward Yourdon, after Essential System Analysis was published, and published in 1989.\nInformation technology engineering in circa 1990 with Finkelstein and popularised by James Martin.\n\nAccording to Hay (1999) \"information engineering was a logical extension of the structured techniques that were developed during the 1970s. Structured programming led to structured design, which in turn led to structured systems analysis. These techniques were characterized by their use of diagrams: structure charts for structured design, and data flow diagrams for structured analysis, both to aid in communication between users and developers, and to improve the analyst's and the designer's discipline. During the 1980s, tools began to appear which both automated the drawing of the diagrams, and kept track of the things drawn in a data dictionary\". After the example of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), the use of these tools was named computer-aided software engineering (CASE).\n\nStructured analysis topics\n\nSingle abstraction mechanism \n\nStructured analysis typically creates a hierarchy employing a single abstraction mechanism. The structured analysis method can employ IDEF (see figure), is process driven, and starts with a purpose and a viewpoint. This method identifies the overall function and iteratively divides functions into smaller functions, preserving inputs, outputs, controls, and mechanisms necessary to optimize processes. Also known as a functional decomposition approach, it focuses on cohesion within functions and coupling between functions leading to structured data.\n\nThe functional decomposition of the structured method describes the process without delineating system behavior and dictates system structure in the form of required functions. The method identifies inputs and outputs as related to the activities. One reason for the popularity of structured analysis is its intuitive ability to communicate high-level processes and concepts, whether in single system or enterprise levels. Discovering how objects might support functions for commercially prevalent object-oriented development is unclear. In contrast to IDEF, the UML is interface driven with multiple abstraction mechanisms useful in describing service-oriented architectures (SOAs).\n\nApproach \nStructured analysis views a system from the perspective of the data flowing through it. The function of the system is described by processes that transform the data flows. Structured analysis takes advantage of information hiding through successive decomposition (or top down) analysis. This allows attention to be focused on pertinent details and avoids confusion from looking at irrelevant details. As the level of detail increases, the breadth of information is reduced. The result of structured analysis is a set of related graphical diagrams, process descriptions, and data definitions. They describe the transformations that need to take place and the data required to meet a system's functional requirements.\n\nDe Marco's approach consists of the following objects (see figure):\n Context diagram\n Data flow diagram\n Process specifications\n Data dictionary\n\nHereby the data flow diagrams (DFDs) are directed graphs. The arcs represent data, and the nodes (circles or bubbles) represent processes that transform the data. A process can be further decomposed to a more detailed DFD which shows the subprocesses and data flows within it. The subprocesses can in turn be decomposed further with another set of DFDs until their functions can be easily understood. Functional primitives are processes which do not need to be decomposed further. Functional primitives are described by a process specification (or mini-spec). The process specification can consist of pseudo-code, flowcharts, or structured English. The DFDs model the structure of the system as a network of interconnected processes composed of functional primitives. The data dictionary is a set of entries (definitions) of data flows, data elements, files, and databases. The data dictionary entries are partitioned in a top-down manner. They can be referenced in other data dictionary entries and in data flow diagrams.\n\nContext diagram \n\nContext diagrams are diagrams that represent the actors outside a system that could interact with that system. This diagram is the highest level view of a system, similar to block diagram, showing a, possibly software-based, system as a whole and its inputs and outputs from/to external factors.\n\nThis type of diagram according to Kossiakoff (2003) usually \"pictures the system at the center, with no details of its interior structure, surrounded by all its interacting systems, environment and activities. The objective of a system context diagram is to focus attention on external factors and events that should be considered in developing a complete set of system requirements and constraints\". System context diagrams are related to data flow diagram, and show the interactions between a system and other actors which the system is designed to face. System context diagrams can be helpful in understanding the context in which the system will be part of software engineering.\n\nData dictionary \n \nA data dictionary or database dictionary is a file that defines the basic organization of a database. A database dictionary contains a list of all files in the database, the number of records in each file, and the names and types of each data field. Most database management systems keep the data dictionary hidden from users to prevent them from accidentally destroying its contents. Data dictionaries do not contain any actual data from the database, only bookkeeping information for managing it. Without a data dictionary, however, a database management system cannot access data from the database.\n\nDatabase users and application developers can benefit from an authoritative data dictionary document that catalogs the organization, contents, and conventions of one or more databases. This typically includes the names and descriptions of various tables and fields in each database, plus additional details, like the type and length of each data element. There is no universal standard as to the level of detail in such a document, but it is primarily a distillation of metadata about database structure, not the data itself. A data dictionary document also may include further information describing how data elements are encoded. One of the advantages of well-designed data dictionary documentation is that it helps to establish consistency throughout a complex database, or across a large collection of federated databases.\n\nData flow diagrams \n\nA data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the \"flow\" of data through an information system. It differs from the system flowchart as it shows the flow of data through processes instead of computer hardware. Data flow diagrams were invented by Larry Constantine, developer of structured design, based on Martin and Estrin's \"data flow graph\" model of computation.\n\nIt is common practice to draw a system context diagram first which shows the interaction between the system and outside entities. The DFD is designed to show how a system is divided into smaller portions and to highlight the flow of data between those parts. This context-level data flow diagram is then \"exploded\" to show more detail of the system being modeled.\n\nData flow diagrams (DFDs) are one of the three essential perspectives of structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM). The sponsor of a project and the end users will need to be briefed and consulted throughout all stages of a system's evolution. With a data flow diagram, users are able to visualize how the system will operate, what the system will accomplish, and how the system will be implemented. The old system's data flow diagrams can be drawn up and compared with the new system's data flow diagrams to draw comparisons to implement a more efficient system. Data flow diagrams can be used to provide the end user with a physical idea of where the data they input ultimately has an effect upon the structure of the whole system from order to dispatch to recook. How any system is developed can be determined through a data flow diagram.\n\nStructure chart \n\nA structure chart (SC) is a chart that shows the breakdown of the configuration system to the lowest manageable levels. This chart is used in structured programming to arrange the program modules in a tree structure. Each module is represented by a box which contains the name of the modules. The tree structure visualizes the relationships between the modules.\n\nStructure charts are used in structured analysis to specify the high-level design, or architecture, of a computer program. As a design tool, they aid the programmer in dividing and conquering a large software problem, that is, recursively breaking a problem down into parts that are small enough to be understood by a human brain. The process is called top-down design, or functional decomposition. Programmers use a structure chart to build a program in a manner similar to how an architect uses a blueprint to build a house. In the design stage, the chart is drawn and used as a way for the client and the various software designers to communicate. During the actual building of the program (implementation), the chart is continually referred to as the master-plan.\n\nStructured design \nStructured design (SD) is concerned with the development of modules and the synthesis of these modules in a so-called \"module hierarchy\". In order to design optimal module structure and interfaces two principles are crucial: \n Cohesion which is \"concerned with the grouping of functionally related processes into a particular module\", and\n Coupling relates to \"the flow of information or parameters passed between modules. Optimal coupling reduces the interfaces of modules and the resulting complexity of the software\".\n\nStructured design was developed by Larry Constantine in the late 1960s, then refined and published with collaborators in the 1970s; see Larry Constantine: structured design for details. has proposed his own approach which consists of three main objects : \n structure charts \n module specifications \n data dictionary. \nThe structure chart aims to show \"the module hierarchy or calling sequence relationship of modules. There is a module specification for each module shown on the structure chart. The module specifications can be composed of pseudo-code or a program design language. The data dictionary is like that of structured analysis. At this stage in the software development lifecycle, after analysis and design have been performed, it is possible to automatically generate data type declarations\", and procedure or subroutine templates.\n\nCriticisms \nProblems with data flow diagrams have included the following: \n Choosing bubbles appropriately\n Partitioning bubbles in a meaningful and mutually agreed upon manner,\n Documentation size needed to understand the Data Flows,\n Data flow diagrams are strongly functional in nature and thus subject to frequent change\n Though \"data\" flow is emphasized, \"data\" modeling is not, so there is little understanding the subject matter of the system\n Customers have difficulty following how the concept is mapped into data flows and bubbles\n Designers must shift the DFD organization into an implementable format\n\nSee also \n Event partitioning\n Flow-based programming\n HIPO\n Jackson structured programming\n Prosa Structured Analysis Tool\n Soft systems methodology\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading \n \n \n Tom DeMarco (1978). Structured Analysis and System Specification. Yourdon. \n \n Derek J. Hatley, Imtiaz A. Pirbhai (1988). Strategies for Real Time System Specification. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. \n Stephen J. Mellor und Paul T. Ward (1986). Structured Development for Real-Time Systems: Implementation Modeling Techniques: 003. Prentice Hall. \n Edward Yourdon (1989). Modern Structured Analysis, Yourdon Press Computing Series, 1989, \n Keith Edwards (1993). Real-Time Structured Methods, System Analysis. Wiley.\n\nExternal links\n\n Structured Analysis Wiki\n Three views of structured analysis CRaG Systems, 2004.\n\nSoftware design\nEdsger W. Dijkstra" ]

[ "Hey Jude", "Composition and structure", "how is the song composed?", "The Beatles first taped 25 takes of the song at EMI's Abbey Road Studios in London over two nights,", "how is the song structured?", "Everett writes that the song's \"most commented-on feature\" is its considerable length, at 7:11." ]

[ "An orthoferrite is any of a class of chemical compounds with the formula RFeO, where R is one or more rare-earth elements. Orthoferrites have an orthorhombic crystal structure with a space group Pbnm and most are weakly ferromagnetic.\nAt the Néel temperature the subsystem of iron ions orders into a slightly canted antiferromagnetic structure with antiferromagnetic moment G and a weak ferromagnetic moment F. The rare-earth ion subsystem acquires magnetization m due to an interaction with the iron subsystem.\n\nThe orthoferrites are particularly interesting because of the presence of an antisymmetric exchange interaction which involves the vector cross product of neighboring spins as opposed to the usual scalar product. In the absence of this interaction, the orthoferrites would be antiferromagnetic. Its presence leads to a small canting of the sublattices, making the orthoferrites “weak” ferromagnets with . Another interesting feature of these materials is the fact that some of them exhibit a transition as a function of temperature, in which the direction of the antiferromagnetically ordered spins and consequently also of the net magnetization rotates by 90°.\n\nApplications\nThe combination of high magnetic resonance frequencies with very large magnetooptical effects makes the orthoferrites interesting objects for study of laser-induced dynamics.\nOrthoferrites are transparent, and can modify the polarisation of a beam of light under the control of a magnetic field (Faraday rotation). This makes them potentially useful as optical sensors and actuators for use in optical communications.\n They were also once used as the magnetic material in bubble memory.\n\nExamples\n Lanthanum orthoferrite, LaFeO\n Dysprosium orthoferrite, DyFeO\n\nReferences\n\nIron(III) compounds", "Novelty is the characteristic of being new or heretofore unseen. It may also refer to:\n\nScience and technology\n Novelty seeking, psychological stance\n Novelty effect, tendency for human performance to briefly improve given new toys\n Novelty as described by the theory of emergence, regarding how new complexity arises from more simple interactions.\n Novelty (neurology), novelty as neurological stimulus\n Novelty (patent), part of the legal test to determine whether an invention is patentable\n Apomorphy, evolutionary novelty, a characteristic that is different from the form of an ancestor\n\nArts\n Novelty dance, a type of dance that is popular for being unusual or humorous\n Novelty song, a musical item that capitalizes on something new, unusual, or a current fad\n Novelty show, a competition or display in which exhibits or specimens are in way some novel\n\nCommerce\n Novelty item, a small manufactured adornment, toy or collectable\n Promotional item, novelties used in promotional marketing\n\nPhilosophy\n Novelty theory, an eschatological theory promoted by Terence McKenna\n\nFashion\n Novelty architecture, a building or other structure that is interesting because it has an amusing design\n Novelty (chess), a chess term for a move in chess which has never been played before in a recorded game\n\nThings\n Novelty (locomotive), one of the first steam locomotives which was due to compete at the Rainhill Trials of 1829\n Novelty (album) by Jawbox\n\nPlaces\n Novelty, Missouri, a place in the United States\n Novelty, Ohio, an unincorporated community in the United States" ]

[ "Hey Jude", "Composition and structure", "how is the song composed?", "The Beatles first taped 25 takes of the song at EMI's Abbey Road Studios in London over two nights,", "how is the song structured?", "Everett writes that the song's \"most commented-on feature\" is its considerable length, at 7:11.", "what is an interesting feature regarding the structure of the song?", "Hey Jude\" begins with McCartney singing lead vocals and playing the piano. The patterns he plays are based on three chords:" ]

[ "Little Brother is an EP by punk rock band Dead to Me. It was released in October 2008 on Fat Wreck Chords.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Don't Wanna\" - 2:36\n \"Arrhythmic Palpitations\" - 1:54\n \"Little Brother\" - 4:06\n \"Ran That Scam\" - 2:39\n \"What's Wrong\" - 1:45\n\n2008 EPs\nFat Wreck Chords EPs\nDead to Me albums", "A three-chord song is a song whose music is built around three chords that are played in a certain sequence. A common type of three-chord song is the simple twelve-bar blues used in blues and rock and roll.\n\nTypically, the three chords used are the chords on the tonic, subdominant, and dominant (scale degrees I, IV and V): in the key of C, these would be the C, F and G chords. Sometimes the V7 chord is used instead of V, for greater tension.\n\nThe I (tonic), IV (subdominant) and V (dominant) chords (primary triads) together encompass all seven tones of the tonic's major scale. These three chords are a simple means of covering many melodies without the use of passing notes.\n\n The order of the chord progression may be varied; popular chord progression variations using the I, IV and V chords of a scale are: \n V – I – IV \n I – V – IV – V \n V – IV – I \nBeside the I, IV and V chord progression, other widely used 3-chord progressions are:\n I – vi – V\n I – ii – V\nIn the mid-1960s, two of the most popular bands, The Beach Boys and The Beatles, began releasing songs that stretched the scope of rock and roll beyond three-chord songs. Even their earlier hits, such as \"The Warmth of the Sun\", or \"She Loves You\", featured chord progressions that were somewhat more complex. This led to a movement away from the country and blues base of rock and roll music, towards what would be termed simply rock music, and eventually resulted in the development of progressive rock and its many derivatives. However, the popularity of the three-chord song has always remained, particularly in punk rock, where the Ramones pioneered the three barre chord approach on their debut album Ramones, although on this album there were songs with five, six or seven chords.\n\nQuotes\nSongwriter Harlan Howard once said \"country music is three chords and the truth.\"\n\nLou Reed said \"One chord is fine. Two chords is pushing it. Three chords and you're into jazz.\" Reed nevertheless wrote many songs with unique or complex chord progressions himself, such as the material on Berlin.\n\nSee also\n Cadence (music)\n I–V–vi–IV progression\n Twelve-bar blues\n\nReferences\n\nHarmony\nSong forms\nChord progressions" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men" ]

[ "Bamf , originally Bampf, is an onomatopoeic term originating in comic books published by Marvel Comics, in particular those featuring the superhero Nightcrawler of the X-Men. The term is derived from the sound Nightcrawler makes when teleporting.\n\nSound\nThe \"Bamf\" sound is caused by air rushing into the space where Nightcrawler's body once was after he has teleported. It has been borrowed as a teleport sound by fans and a generic term for teleporting in general (\"...and then he bamfed out...\"). The sound has become a standard in pop culture.\n\nRace\n\nBamfs are also a race of creatures described as small imp-like versions of Nightcrawler, which accompany him wherever he goes. They first appeared in the first Nightcrawler miniseries in 1985, and became a regular fixture of X-Men comics in the early 2010s.\n\nEarth-5311\nIn Uncanny X-Men #153, Kitty Pryde tells a fairy tale to six-year-old Illyana Rasputin, which includes a race of creatures called \"Bamfs\", described as small imp-like versions of Nightcrawler, even wearing identical costumes. A Bamf enters the story after catching sight of Pirate Kitty, on whom he developed an instant crush, when she and her entourage landed on Bamf Island. He subsequently joins her team and aids in taking down Princess Jean (the fairy tale equivalent of Jean Grey), aka Dark Phoenix.\n\nEarth-616\nLate, in the first Nightcrawler limited series in 1985, Nightcrawler is sent to another universe that is identical to Kitty's fairy tale, where he encounters the Bamfs, including the heroic Bamf from Kitty's tale. Nightcrawler discovers that female Bamfs differ from the males in that they are taller, resembling female versions of himself. The male Bamfs are lecherous, flirtatious, and skirt-chasing, making them rather tiring company in the presence of attractive females.\n\nAt various times since Kitty's fairy tale, plush versions of Nightcrawler, also called \"Bamfs\", had appeared in many issues of Uncanny X-Men. Kitty Pryde, Illyana Rasputin, Jubilation Lee, and Amanda Sefton have been shown owning Bamf dolls. One issue of Avengers in the '90s showed Deathcry cuddling a Bamf doll.\n\nIn the early 2010s, the Bamfs reappeared at the newly opened Jean Grey School of Higher Learning, infesting the school after Vice-Principal Beast accidentally opened a portal to their home reality on the first day of school. Headmaster Wolverine is the head of a \"Bamf Hunting Club\". In this variation, the Bamfs are mute, naked, seemingly self-aware troublemakers who are depicted defacing school property in various ways. However, it later becomes uncertain whether the creatures infesting the school are Bamfs at all, an alien zoologist commenting that although the staff believe them to be \"interdimensional gremlins\" (i.e., Bamfs), they actually are not. The character is about to reveal what he believes to be the nature of the Bamfs when he is cut off, leaving the revelation for a later date; it is to note, however, that the Bamfs in this instance look more like the real Nightcrawler and sport body markings similar to his live action movie incarnation.\n\nThe Bamfs also helped Doop and Krakoa fight off Swarm when he attacked the Jean Grey School for Higher Learning.\n\nBamfs were eventually revealed to be creatures born in the depths of Hell. Their mother is a giant maggot, and their father is a changeling in the form of a face-eating lamprey. As soon as they were born, they were left on the brimstone plains to die. Against all odds, they survived as scavengers, as things lower than the lowest beast of the Pit until they were found by Azazel during one of his raids on Hell.\n\nThe Bamfs were starving, and so Azazel fed them his blood which in turn changed them and remade them in his image. Now with a legion of soldiers bound to his evil will, Azazel used them to raid Heaven for souls, but one of them was left behind and was found by Nightcrawler who made him a deal of his own which yet again changed them from red to blue. When questioned by Firestar about the deal, Nightcrawler only reveals that it wasn't his blood that he promised them but it was something his father could never match.\n\nThe details of the deal are revealed when Kurt uses the Bamfs and his connection to Azazel to restore himself to life back on Earth, thus preventing Azazel from attacking Heaven again by tying them both together, although this results in Kurt sacrificing his own soul to ensure that Azazel will not be able to return to Heaven. Henceforth, the Bamfs enlisted by Nightcrawler continue to keep him company on Earth.\n\nKnown Bamfs\n Chuckles – A Bamf that Wolverine named after Professor X.\n Pickles – A Bamf that lived in the past Beast's van.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Bamfs at Marvel Wiki\n Bamfs at Comic Vine\n Bamfs. The Comic Book Database.\n\nOnomatopoeia\nCharacters created by Chris Claremont\nCharacters created by Dave Cockrum", "X-Men: The Official Game (also known as X3: The Official Game) is the name of Activision's three tie-in video games to the 2006 film X-Men: The Last Stand. The game covers the events between the films X2 and X-Men: The Last Stand, specifically following the characters of Logan, Iceman, and Nightcrawler. It also bridges the gap between the two films, explaining why Nightcrawler is not present for The Last Stand, and also introduces new foes for the game, such as HYDRA.\n\nThe game uses several voice actors from the X-Men film franchise. From the films, returning are Hugh Jackman, Alan Cumming, Shawn Ashmore, Patrick Stewart, Tyler Mane, and Eric Dane.\n\nThe game, along with most other games published by Activision that had used the Marvel licence, was de-listed and removed from all digital storefronts on January 1, 2014.\n\nGameplay\nPlayers control the actions of several X-Men-related characters, most notably Logan, Nightcrawler and Iceman, as they uncover a plot to eradicate mutants. Sometimes, another X-Man will help the player's character battle. The Nintendo DS game features Magneto as a playable character, while the Game Boy Advance version features Colossus as a playable character. Many agree that Logan is the only useful character in the Game Boy Advance game, which allows players to cycle through characters at will, as he is the only one who can recover from damage.\n\nConsoles\n Logan's levels involve fighting hordes of soldiers, armed with weapons. He can retract his claws, but any time a button is pressed, they are extracted. Logan heals minor wounds, reflected as yellow on his Life Gauge, but when his minor wound damage empties, all wounds are considered major, taking off his actual life bar. Logan can only heal major damage if he is not engaged in combat at the time. Logan can't target lock like his allies; he can only block, which can fend off weak attacks only until it is built up. Wolverine, after he has attacked for a time, builds up a Fury Bar, which, when activated, increases his healing rate and his strength. It also changes his attacks' appearances.\n Nightcrawler's levels involve mostly platforming missions, running along pipes in the ceiling and teleporting. Nightcrawler can teleport to any area within his visual range. Like Logan, Nightcrawler heals by holding down a button, only Nightcrawler constantly takes life gauge damage, and when he heals, it is called \"Shadowmeld\" or \"Shadow Aura\", a nod to the comic books (Nightcrawler becomes invisible in shadow). Nightcrawler can teleport behind and combo-attack several foes during a brawl.\n Iceman's levels most closely resemble flight-sim games similar to Star Wars: Rogue Squadron as he continuously rides on his trademark ice slide. Iceman creates an icy path in front of him, flying through the air while shooting his ice beam and ice projectiles. Iceman's attacks are an Ice Beam, which cools off fires and damages foes; Frost Shield, which will cancel any damage he takes while it is \"up\"; and Hailstorm, which is his main attack, hurling several balls of ice at targets. Iceman will heal automatically as long as he doesn't incur damage for an amount of time. The player must keep up a quick speed when sliding, as slowing down too much will knock Iceman off the slide.\n\nPlot\nDuring a session in the Xavier institute's Danger Room, Logan / Wolverine battles his brother, Victor Creed / Sabretooth, and ultimately ends up losing the session, though he had been saved by the timely arrival of Iceman, who was there so that Cyclops could train him, but is too crippled with grief to do so due to Jean Grey's apparent death . After Logan trains Iceman in the Danger Room, Professor X warns Logan against trying the Danger Room on \"Danger Level 7\" again, before asking the X-Men to return to Alkali Lake to retrieve irreplaceable parts to Cerebro. Nightcrawler infiltrates the remnants of William Stryker's base with his teleportation ability, since the weapons systems were somehow operational. Once inside, the X-Men discover a group of agents called HYDRA looting the base. Nightcrawler and Colossus go to find the Cerebro parts while Logan and Storm investigate HYDRA's presence. Logan and Storm discover that Stryker had been building giant robots called Sentinels as another plan to eradicate mutantkind.\n\nStorm is abducted by Lady Deathstrike and Logan pursues her, eventually rescuing Storm. Nightcrawler is plagued by visions of Jason Stryker, who reminds Kurt he left him to die. Nightcrawler retrieves the Cerebro parts, battling a Sentinel in the process. A massive Sentinel - the Master Mold is activated and rises from Alkali Lake. The X-Men and Lady Deathstrike escape; Logan attaches himself to Deathstrike's helicopter to follow her while the other X-Men return to the institute.\n\nIceman stops Pyro from triggering a meltdown at a nuclear power plant while Storm and Nightcrawler stop Multiple Man from blowing up a bridge . Meanwhile, Logan follows Deathstrike and her HYDRA agents to Japan. Logan learns that Deathstrike and HYDRA are working for the Silver Samurai. After battling though legions of HYDRA forces and \"killing\" Deathstrike again, Logan confronts Silver Samurai. Samurai reveals that HYDRA helped Stryker build the Sentinels, not realizing he planned to turn them against mutants. Silver Samurai himself is a mutant, and the Master Mold's activation was a mistake. After defeating Silver Samurai, Logan learns that HYDRA has a device in Hong Kong that can stop the Master Mold, where the Master Mold is currently heading. Logan informs Professor Xavier, who contacts Magneto - fearing the X-Men cannot stop the Sentinels alone. Magneto and Sabretooth travel to Hong Kong to help the X-Men. Xavier also reveals that Jason Stryker is still alive; his psyche now fractured into two halves: a good half who has been appearing to Nightcrawler and an evil half that is controlling the Master Mold. He states that another of his students had a similar problem (referring to Jean Grey/Phoenix).\n\nThe X-Jet is shot down by Sentinels upon its arrival in Hong Kong. Iceman battles Sentinels and recovers HYDRA's device. Magneto arrives and uses the device to incapacitate the Master Mold, which crashes to the ground, but his helmet is knocked off of his head and Magneto is subdued by Jason's telepathic powers.\n\nNightcrawler disables the Master Mold's control center, guided by Jason's good half, who helps point the way through the maze of the Mold's body. Nightcrawler disables the Master Mold's neural net, changed by Jason to look like a demonic realm. Meanwhile, Iceman destroys the core of the Master Mold and Logan - in another of Jason's hallucinations - fights several feral clones of himself, emerging victorious. Nightcrawler attempts to save Jason as the Master Mold begins to collapse, but Sabretooth abducts Jason and attempts to make his escape. Logan tracks Sabretooth's scent and confronts him while Kurt escapes with Jason. The two have a vicious battle, ending with Logan throwing Sabretooth from a great height to be impaled below. Jason dies, thanking Nightcrawler for saving him. Magneto leaves, vowing that his next encounter with the X-Men will be as an enemy.\n\nBack at Xavier's mansion, Nightcrawler tells Xavier he does not want to be an X-Man, for their lives are too violent and he is a peaceful man. Xavier tells him he is always welcome in the Mansion, and Kurt leaves . Meanwhile, Cyclops goes to Jean Grey's house and sees her, apparently still alive, with her power spiraling out of control, resulting in her shutting the door on him. The game ends with Cyclops begging to be let inside.\n\nDevelopment\nZak Penn and Chris Claremont co-wrote the story for the game. Penn is the co-writer of X-Men: The Last Stand, and Claremont was a longtime writer of the X-Men comic books, establishing the personas for many of the \"new\" X-Men team, which featured then new members Storm, Nightcrawler, Colossus, Banshee, and Wolverine. Claremont is best known for the Dark Phoenix Saga.\n\nReception\n\nX-Men: The Official Game received \"mixed or average\" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic.\n\nOn the consoles and PC, some of the problems cited were repetitive gameplay, poor enemy AI and the fact that the Xbox 360 version looked similar to the other console versions despite the better hardware. Detroit Free Press gave the Xbox 360 version three stars out of four and said, \"I'd be happier if Cyclops were at my fingertips, too. But all in all, the variety these three X-Men provide is adequate for one little video game\". The Times gave the game a mixed review and stated that \"nice graphics and smooth gameplay are no substitute for imagination\". However, The A.V. Club gave it a D and stated that \"almost everything about this movie cash-in is cheap and incompetent, from the short, forgettable levels to the poor control system to the hand-crampingly repetitive action\".\n\nAs for the handhelds, the DS version was considered repetitive and hard to control, and the GBA version as a by-the-book platformer.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n2006 video games\nAction video games\nActivision games\nBeat 'em ups\nBeenox games\nGame Boy Advance games\nGame Boy Advance-only games\nGameCube games\nHypnos Entertainment games\nNintendo DS games\nPlayStation 2 games\nSingle-player video games\nSuperhero video games\nWindows games\nVideo games based on Marvel Comics films\nVideo games based on X-Men films\nVideo games based on adaptations\nVideo games based on works by Zak Penn\nVideo games developed in the United States\nVideo games scored by Chance Thomas\nVideo games set in Canada\nVideo games set in Hong Kong\nVideo games set in New York City\nVideo games set in Japan\nVideo games using Havok\nX-Men (film series)\nXbox games\nXbox 360 games", "Amanda Sefton (real name Jimaine Szardos) (also known as Daytripper and the second Magik) is a fictional character, a witch appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is the foster sister and lover of Kurt Wagner, Nightcrawler of the X-Men.\n\nPublication history\n\nAmanda Sefton first appeared in X-Men #98 (April 1976), created by Chris Claremont and Dave Cockrum. She has appeared occasionally in X-Men titles, most often in Uncanny X-Men and Excalibur.\n\nAs Magik, Amanda had her own eponymous, four-issue mini-series in 2000–2001 from writers Dan Abnett and Andy Lanning, with artist Liam Sharp. The series focused on her taking over Limbo (also known as Otherplace). The series also featured her foster brother/lover, Nightcrawler.\n\nFictional character biography\nJimaine and her mother Margali are witches. When Nightcrawler joined the X-Men, Jimaine eventually followed him to the US, assumed the identity of Amanda Sefton, took a job as a flight attendant, and became Nightcrawler's girlfriend. When Margali attacked the X-Men, believing Nightcrawler to have been responsible for the death of Stefan Szardos (her son; Jimaine's brother), \"Amanda\" revealed herself as Jimaine, convinced her mother to let Kurt live, and resumed her on-and-off relationship with him. Their relationship broke apart when Kurt suffered a severe case of self-doubt following an encounter with the Beyonder upon the latter's arrival on Earth.\n\nDaytripper\nMuch later, in need of her magical abilities, Nightcrawler called his former girlfriend Amanda Sefton to aid Excalibur. For dramatic reasons she chose to adopt the codename Daytripper, playing on Kurt's codename, and presented herself in a new costume. Once familiarized with the problem at hand, Amanda did the best she could to help Meggan and Rachel Summers locate the lost Captain Britain in the timestream, but as they made contact they only achieved to exchange Captain Britain for Rachel, who in his place entered the timestream to emerge in some farfetched future.\n\nFollowing this incident Kurt and Amanda traveled to Germany, where her mother Margali had been taken captive by D'Spayre. As Kurt wondered how such a powerful sorceress could be held captive against her will, Daytripper explained that the Winding Way is not only a mystic discipline, but also it functions like a journey with ups and downs. Currently Margali was at a low point and powerless or else D’Spayre could never have defeated her. The pair rescued their mother and Amanda returned with Kurt to Excalibur.\n\nBack on Muir Island, Amanda was the only one who recognized that the team's scientist Rory Campbell was the man destined to become the future mutant hunter Ahab, but she promised him to keep her knowledge secret and offered to be there for him whenever the need would arise.\n\nAround this time she suffered a mystical/telepathic attack on a plane while taking a shift under her air hostess job. It involved the fate of the Black Queen.\n\nAfter Excalibur had been attacked by opposing sorcerers trying to acquire the Soulsword of the deceased Illyana Rasputin, Amanda convinced Shadowcat to give her Magik's Soul Sword for safe-keeping. Amanda thought it best to hand the sword over to her mother, however, only too late did Amanda realize that she was tricked by her own mother, who wanted the Soulsword to kill all those ahead of her on the Winding Path.\n\nEven though she had never been more powerful it wasn't enough for Margali and so in disguise she joined the London Hellfire Club as their Red Queen, proceeding their plan to destroy London and take over Britain. Shortly after helping to defeat her mother and the Hellfire Club, Amanda left Excalibur without even telling Nightcrawler.\n\nIn fact, it was not Amanda who made that decision, but Margali who had taken over her body. Upon her defeat among the Hellfire Club, Margali had been captured by the villain sorcerer Belasco and been tortured in his realm, from where she secretly switched minds with her daughter so that she could recuperate and win back her freedom and her position on the Winding Way. Eventually Margali, using Amanda's body, made her way back to Limbo, where mother and daughter switched back and defeated Belasco with Nightcrawler's help. Margali apologized for exposing her daughter to such danger, but then quickly left. Only after she was gone, Amanda realized that with both her and Belasco gone, there was no one left besides her capable enough to take over as Limbo's new ruler. To leave the dimension unguarded seemed too dangerous, given that several demons could have used its stepping disks to invade earth.\n\nMagik\nIt was during this time that Amanda was forced to thwart Belasco and the N'Garai’s takeover of Limbo, and Earth, where she was forced to conceal her identity from her closest friends, until the end of the battle where those who had not already worked out that she was not Illyana, learned of Amanda's new role. Following that, Amanda rallied together the rulers of all other various dimensions of Hell to unite them in a common goal: The preservation of Hell.\n\nAmanda has also mastered the ability to magically control the stepping disks of Limbo, just like Belasco did before her, and practiced to wield the Soulsword. During one of Nightcrawler's trips to Limbo, Amanda secretly hid the powerful Soulsword in Kurt's body, thinking it was safe there since his soul was the purest that she could find. There was a shift in the cosmic balance, powerful forces at work, and one thing they were after was the Soulsword, and indeed not much later, Amanda was attacked and overpowered by Nightmare. She was rescued by the timely arrival of her mother Margali, and together, mother and daughter found out that Nightmare had been manipulated into attacking them by someone else. Amanda and Margali immediately sought out Nightcrawler to warn him, but upon their arrival the demon Hive revealed himself and took over the body of Nightcrawler's teammate, Wolverine.\n\nGradually, the demon's essence was disrupted by the Soulsword, though not before he revealed that there is a major war coming, one that has been brewing for a millennium, and that the entire Szardos family factor very importantly into it.\n\nDriven out of Limbo\nAmanda resurfaced in New X-Men when she plunged out of a dimensional portal in a blast of flaming energy and landed in a small German village. She pleaded, \"Help me...someone please...He's back.\" Amanda was driven out of Limbo after being overwhelmed by an invasion led by Belasco; although she had fought and defeated him in the past, Belasco now appeared more powerful and, without the Soulsword, Amanda was no match.\n\nShe assisted New X-Men Hellion and Surge as well as O*N*E Sentinel operative (and former mutant) Lex in finding students that were kidnapped by Belasco. The students were saved due to Illyana Rasputin usurping control of Limbo. Once the heroes were teleported back to Xavier's school though, Amanda found Limbo to be sealed off.\n\nWhile Pixie has stated that she has been approached by both Amanda and Doctor Strange about furthering her magical tutelage when she comes of age, Amanda's whereabouts remained unknown for some time, but she was recently mentioned by Cyclops in the aftermath of Second Coming when he was writing her a letter of condolence over the death of Nightcrawler.\n\nFamily reunion\nAfter Nightcrawler's resurrection and some period of readjustment, he sought out Amanda for a romantic reunion, but then Amanda was almost kidnapped by a villain called Trimega. After Nightcrawler and his Bamfs subdued Trimega, he chose to grant Amanda and Margali sanctuary in the Jean Grey School for Higher Learning; but then an army of Trimegas descended upon the school. During the battle, it turned out that Margali was actually Trimega's creator and had orchestrated the attack in order to gain knowledge of how to cross into the Afterlife. Armed with that knowledge, Margali opened a portal, whose existence would endanger reality. In order to stop her scheme, Nightcrawler and Amanda attempted to pass the gate, but Nightcrawler's voluntary exile from Heaven barred him from entry, stranding Amanda alone in the Void. They met again when Nightcrawler, fatally stabbed in combat by the Crimson Pirates, was intercepted by Amanda at an \"interim station\" between life and death, who successfully encouraged him—with some assistance from Wolverine and Phoenix—to return to the land of the living.\n\nPowers and abilities\nAmanda is a sorceress following the path of the Winding Way. Her power changes in its levels, waxing and waning over time, allowing her to summon such powers as teleportation, illusions casting, shape changing, mystical force bolts, hypnotism, and the manipulation of other complex mystical forces.\n\nWhen she became the Sorceress Supreme of Limbo, Amanda began wielding the powerful Soulsword. While she couldn't access the full power of the sword, she could still create and control teleportation energies in the form of \"stepping discs\". This allows her to absorb souls of others either permanently or to simply store and transfer, to place and store the sword in absolute nothingness and to retrieve it from whence it came with ease. Like Illyana Rasputin, the more Amanda used the Soulsword, the more mystical Eldritch armor appeared on her body in addition to demonic features such as horns and hooves. The armor deflects or limits attacks, both physical and magical. However, on Earth, Amanda's abilities are limited to a different capacity. She has since lost these abilities when Limbo was sealed to her and resumed her normal display of powers.\n\nOther versions\nIn the \"Days of Future Past\" timeline, Amanda and Nightcrawler have a daughter Blue who inherited her father's appearance and similar teleporting powers. Amanda and Nightcrawler, along with that timeline's version of Illyana Rasputin, were gunned down by a government strikeforce deployed to destroy the Xavier Institute after Senator Robert Kelly was assassinated.\n\nIn other media \nIn X-Men: Evolution, Amanda Sefton appears as Nightcrawler's love interest, but she does not have most of the background of her comic counterpart. Her mother's name remains Margali, but the Seftons appear to be a normal family. She is portrayed as an American teenager of African/Romany descent who accepts Kurt completely despite his mutation. She was voiced by Moneca Stori.\n\nIn her first appearance, the episode \"Shadow Dance\", Amanda asks Kurt to be her date for a school dance and tells him that she did have a crush on him for months but was too shy to tell him, and that her feelings remained even after she once accidentally saw him turning off his image inducer. They start dating seriously, and after a time (\"The Toad, the Witch and the Wardrobe\") Amanda attempts to introduce Kurt — as his true self — to her parents. The intention is ruined by Toad, who steals Kurt's image inducer, demolishing the Sefton home and revealing Kurt's true appearance before Amanda can properly prepare her parents. Even though Amanda's parents are understandably upset, Amanda shrugs off any discomforts which they might bring into her relationship with Kurt, and she continues to date him.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nAmanda Sefton at the Marvel Universe\n\nComics characters introduced in 1976\nCharacters created by Chris Claremont\nCharacters created by Dave Cockrum\nFictional flight attendants\nRomani comics characters\nFictional German people\nFictional hypnotists and indoctrinators\nFictional swordfighters\nMarvel Comics witches\nMarvel Comics characters who are shapeshifters\nMarvel Comics characters who use magic\nMarvel Comics characters who can teleport\nMarvel Comics female superheroes\nFictional illusionists\nExcalibur (comics)" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men", "When did Nightcrawler return to the X-Men?", "Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet," ]

[ "Excalibur is the mythical sword of King Arthur.\n\nExcalibur may also refer to:\n\nArts, entertainment, and media\n\nFictional entities\n Excalibur (comics), a superhero group in Marvel Comics (see below for comics featuring the group)\n Faiza Hussain, later codenamed Excalibur, a Marvel Comics superhero\n Excalibur, a talking sword character in Soul Eater\n Excalibur, the sword used by Saber throughout most of the Fate series\n Excalibur, the sword which was broken into seven different swords in High School DxD\n Excalibur, the right arm of Capricorn Saint from Saint Seiya\n Excalibur, a sword in the video game Sonic and the Black Knight (2009)\n Excalibur, a sword in the manga The Seven Deadly Sins (Nanatsu no Taizai)\n Excalibur, an obtainable sword in the video game Tomb Raider: Legend (2006)\n Excalibur, a playable character from Warframe\n Excalibur, an obtainable sword in the video game Terraria\n\nLiterature\n Excalibur (comic book), several comic books featuring the Marvel Comics group\n Excalibur (L. Ron Hubbard), an unpublished 1938 manuscript composed by Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard\n Excalibur (novel), a 1973 fantasy novel by Sanders Anne Laubenthal\n Excalibur: A Novel of Arthur, a 1997 novel by Bernard Cornwell in his series The Warlord Chronicles\n\nMusic\n Excalibur (Grave Digger album), 1999\n Excalibur (rock opera), a 1998 rock opera written and directed by Alan Simon\n Excalibur (Tom Fogerty album), 1972\n\nRollercoasters\n Excalibur (Funtown Splashtown USA), a roller coaster at Funtown Splashtown USA in Saco, Maine, United States\n Excalibur (Valleyfair), a roller coaster at Valleyfair amusement park in Shakopee, Minnesota, United States\n Excalibur, a former roller coaster at Six Flags AstroWorld\n\nTelevision\n \"Excalibur\", a 1985 episode of the cartoon G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero\n Excalibur, a BBC Two television ident first aired in 2000 (see BBC Two '1991–2001' idents)\n\nVideo games\n Excalibur (video game), a 1983 video game \n Excalibur: Morgana's Revenge, a 2007 first-person shooter video game\n Excalibur 2555 AD, a 1997 action-adventure video game\n\nOther uses in arts, entertainment, and media\n Excalibur (film), a 1981 film about the legend of King Arthur\n Excalibur (newspaper), the community newspaper of York University, Toronto\n\nBrands and enterprises\n Excalibur (nightclub), a nightclub in Chicago, Illinois, United States\n Excalibur, a brand of non-stick surface\n Excalibur Airways, a defunct UK airline\n Excalibur Hotel and Casino, a hotel and casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States\n Excalibur series, an electric guitar built by Vigier Guitars\n HTC Excalibur, a smartphone manufactured by High Tech Computer\n\nComputing and technology\n Apache Excalibur, a project to produce a set of software components for the Java programming language\n DARPA's Excalibur program, an attempt to apply phased-array optics to laser weapons\n Excalibur, a prehistoric axe made of red quartzite found at the Archaeological site of Atapuerca, Spain\n Excalibur BBS, a Windows-based GUI BBS client\n Project Excalibur, an initiative to develop an orbiting nuclear-bomb-pumped X-ray laser\n\nPlaces\n Excalibur (Arizona), a summit in Arizona, United States\n Excalibur Estate, a housing estate in Catford, South London, England\n Excalibur Pot, a cave/pothole in the North Yorkshire Moors, United Kingdom\n\nTransport\n Excalibur (automobile), an American specialty car introduced in 1963 with bodywork similar to a 1928 Mercedes-Benz\n Excalibur (racing yacht), an Australian racing yacht\n Excalibur, one of three Sikorsky VS-44 flying boats\n Excalibur Aircraft Excalibur, an ultralight aircraft\n Excalibur 800, an aftermarket conversion of the Beechcraft Twin Bonanza twin-engined aircraft, originally developed by Swearingen Aircraft\n Excalibur Queen Air, a similar aftermarket conversion of the Beechcraft Queen Air twin-engined aircraft, also originally developed by Swearingen\n HMS Excalibur, a ship in the British Royal Navy\n Lockheed Model 44 Excalibur, a cancelled four-engined airliner\n\nWeapons\n Excalibur rifle Mark-I, a modified version of the INSAS assault rifle \n M982 Excalibur, 155mm GPS-guided extended range artillery projectile\n\nOther uses\n British Columbia Excalibur Party, a minor political party in British Columbia, Canada\n Excalibur (wrestler), wrestler for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla\n Excalibur Primary School, a school in Alsager, United Kingdom\n\nSee also\n King Arthur (disambiguation)\n The Sword in the Stone (disambiguation)\n Xcalibur (disambiguation)", "Marc Letzmann (born July 16, 1980), better known by his ring name Excalibur, is an American former professional wrestler and current color commentator for All Elite Wrestling (AEW). He is one of the six founders of Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, where he continues to work as the company's \"Liaison to the Board of Directors\". After retiring from in-ring competition in 2007, he became the company's lead play-by-play commentator.\n\nProfessional wrestling career\n\nEarly career\nWhile writing for a wrestling video game website, Excalibur met Super Dragon online. Through chatting online, the two became friends and it helped spark the beginning of Excalibur's career. After spending a year in college, Excalibur chose to move to California to begin his wrestling career and also get work in his full-time profession, graphic design. He cited having an \"in\" to Revolution Pro Wrestling as the reason he decided to leave his hometown of Detroit. After moving to California in late 1999, Excalibur spent six months living in Super Dragon's garage, until finally renting a place of his own.\n\nPro Wrestling Guerrilla (2003–2008)\nExcalibur is one of the six owners of Southern California-based Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), and is collectively known as one of the \"PWG Six\", in reference to his partial founding of the company. On PWG's debut show, he defeated Chris Bosh. Soon after, Excalibur became a member of the stable SBS with Super Dragon and Disco Machine. While with SBS, Excalibur and Super Dragon won the company's Tag Team Championship from Quicksilver and Chris Bosh. They became the first team in PWG's history to successfully defend the title, but they eventually lost them to Joey Ryan and Scott Lost.\n\nAt All Nude Revue, someone dressed as Super Dragon attacked the real Super Dragon after a match. On May 13 at Jason Takes PWG!, it was revealed that Excalibur was the mastermind of the attacks on Super Dragon and that Kevin Steen was the attacker, resulting in Excalibur becoming a heel. After subsequently turning on Super Dragon, Excalibur defeated him in a Guerrilla Warfare Match. After the match, Disco Machine made his way to the ring to aid Super Dragon. On June 11 at Guitarmegeddon, Disco Machine teamed with Super Dragon in a losing effort to Excalibur and Kevin Steen. After the match, Disco turned on Dragon and united with Excalibur and Steen, with the three now calling themselves the \"new\" SBS. On July 9 at Bicentennial Birthday Extravaganza, the new SBS defeated Dragon, El Generico and Human Tornado in a six-man tag team elimination match. At part two of the event the following night, Excalibur and Disco were unable to win a number one contender's four-team elimination match after Generico pinned Disco. At Zombies Shouldn't Run on August 10, Excalibur and Disco gained an \"apprentice\" in Ronin, and stated that he would face a test to see if he would be allowed to join the group. After the SBS's scheduled opponents, Los Luchas, did not appear, the SBS and Ronin instead competed against and defeated the team of Top Gun Talwar, Hook Bomberry and Mr. Excitement. At the first-ever Battle of Los Angeles event, the SBS and Chris Sabin lost to Talwar, Bomberry and Human Tornado. However, the SBS won at part two of the event the following night, as they and Ronin defeated Sabin, Bomberry and T.J. Perkins. At part two of All Star Weekend 2: Electric Boogaloo on November 20, 2005, the SBS faced Super Dragon and Davey Richards for the World Tag Team Championship, but lost the match. On the first night of Battle of Los Angeles on September 2, 2006, Excalibur took part in a four-way elimination match for the World Championship that included Petey Williams, Human Tornado and then-champion Joey Ryan. After eliminating Williams, Excalibur was eliminated from the match by Ryan after Williams hit Excalibur with a piledriver. In May 2008, at the end of the DDT4 Night One event, Steen's then-six-month-old son appeared in a segment with Excalibur, in which Excalibur called him \"ugly\" and it prompted Steen to perform three consecutive package piledrivers on Excalibur before placing his son on top of Excalibur for the pin.\n\nIndependent circuit, retirement, and return to PWG (2005–present)\nIn addition to PWG, Excalibur began competing for various other promotions. In Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), he began wrestling mostly tag team matches with Super Dragon as his partner before splitting. Excalibur soon joined Beef Wellington and the duo became a comedic, yet popular, tag team dubbed Team Masturbation. While still in CZW, Excalibur had a short feud with Larry Sweeney, which culminated at Cage of Death 7, where they had an \"interpromotional match\", in which they performed promos back and forth between each other before competing in the actual match. In addition to his work in CZW, Excalibur performed at Ring of Honor, where he wrestled Super Dragon at the Do or Die show in 2004, and also Chikara, where he competed until his final match in 2006. After his final professional match in 2007, he returned to PWG and became the \"Commissioner of Food & Beverage\", which was later renamed to the \"Liaison to the Board of Directors\", as well as the company's lead play-by-play commentator. In 2011 on an episode of Colt Cabana's Art of Wrestling podcast, Excalibur stated that his reason for retiring was due to fearing that the concussions he suffered through his career would cause him to lose years off his life or that his brain would start to deteriorate at an early age.\n\nOn July 13, 2018, it was announced Excalibur would commentate the All In broadcast with Don Callis, Sean Mooney, Ian Riccaboni, Alicia Atout, Justin Roberts, and Bobby Cruise In December he also was on color commentary for New Japan Pro-Wrestling.\n\nAll Elite Wrestling (2019–present)\nExcalibur was announced as part of the All Elite Wrestling (AEW) announce team during Episode 10 of \"The Road to Double or Nothing,\" which premiered on April 10, 2019. AEW Executive Vice President Cody Rhodes said the first time he saw Excalibur and the mask, \"I don't think I really got it, but if you watch All In back, he truly was the anchor of that show. I definitely get it now.\" Excalibur was part of the live stream of the Double or Nothing Ticket Announcement Party from Las Vegas, then was part of Double or Nothing starting with the Buy In pre-show, where he did play-by-play. Excalibur, along with Jim Ross and Tony Schiavone, provide play-by-play and color commentary for matches on Dynamite. Excalibur also provides play-by-play for matches on Rampage and Dark.\n\nChampionships and accomplishments\nDDT Pro-Wrestling\nIronman Heavymetalweight Championship (1 time)\nPro Wrestling Guerrilla\nPWG Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Super Dragon\nPro Wrestling Illustrated\nRanked No. 334 of the top 500 wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2006\nWrestling Observer Newsletter\nBest Television Announcer (2020, 2021)\n\nLucha de Apuestas record\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nPro Wrestling Guerrilla official website\n\n1980 births\nAll Elite Wrestling personnel\nAmerican color commentators\nAmerican male professional wrestlers\nLiving people\nMasked wrestlers\nProfessional wrestlers from Michigan\nProfessional wrestling announcers\nProfessional wrestling promoters\nSportspeople from Detroit", "Excalibur is the name of several comic book titles featuring the team Excalibur and published by Marvel Comics, beginning with the original Excalibur comic book series which debuted in 1988.\n\nPublication history\n\nExcalibur (vol. 1, 1988–1998)\nExcalibur's original creative team, writer Chris Claremont and artist/co-writer Alan Davis, incorporated elements of two Marvel properties: the X-Men and Captain Britain. The resulting superhero team Excalibur first gathered together in Excalibur Special Edition #1 (1988) and were soon featured in a monthly series.\n\nDavis left with Excalibur #24 (1990) and Claremont with Excalibur #34 (1991), leaving a number of various plot points unresolved before his departure. A year later, Davis returned as both writer and illustrator with Excalibur #42. He rejuvenated the series, returning to the (mostly) lighthearted tone of his original run, while resolving many of the plotlines Claremont had left dangling.\n\nAfter Davis left again in 1993 (issue #67), Uncanny X-Men writer Scott Lobdell filled in for over a year (issues #68-82). Lobdell stated one of his key goals was to create a foundation for the series beyond being another X-Men spinoff, something both he and editor Bob Harras felt the series was lacking. In addition, the tone of the series changed as well, from a lighthearted, fun comic to a more grim and depressing series.\n\nIn 1994, Warren Ellis assumed writing duties (issue #83) and, using his dark sense of humor, helped the book gain its own voice once again. Ellis left in 1996 (issue #103) and Ben Raab, his replacement (issue #106), failed to find a voice for the series, often borrowing plotlines from other X-books. Sales fell and Marvel canceled the series, which ended with issue #125 (1998).\n\nExcalibur (vol. 2, 2001)\nIn 2001, a four-issue limited series titled Excalibur was published, written by Raab. Originally solicited as Excalibur: Sword of Power, the subtitle was absent from the published issues, and, due to an error, the indicia described it as Excalibur volume 1. In addition, the solicited cover to issue #1 was unused.\n\nExcalibur (vol. 3, 2004)\nIn 2004, Marvel Comics launched a new ongoing series titled Excalibur. Aside from the name and the writer (Claremont), it had no connection to Marvel's previous Excalibur titles. The series' last issue was #14, released in May, 2005.\n\nThe letters page of the final issue of Excalibur (vol. 3) announced a relaunch of the title as New Excalibur in November, 2005.\n\nExcalibur (vol. 4, 2019)\n\nExcalibur was relaunched as a part of Dawn of X in October 2019. The initial roster comprised includes Betsy Braddock as the new Captain Britain, Gambit, Rogue, Jubilee, Rictor and Apocalypse.\n\nRoster\n\nSupporting characters\nAngel (Warren Worthington III)\nCaptain Britain Corps\nMonarch (Jamie Braddock)\nMerlyn\nMorgan le Fay\nOpal Luna Saturnyne\nShatterstar (Gaveedra-Seven)\nPete Wisdom and S.T.R.I.K.E.\nPsylocke (Kwannon)\n\nPrints\n\nCollected editions\n\nEpic Collections\n\nReferences\n\n1988 comics debuts\nComics by Chris Claremont\nExcalibur (comics)\nX-Men titles" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men", "When did Nightcrawler return to the X-Men?", "Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet,", "Why did Excalibur disband?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts", "This article is about the demographic features of the population of Saint Mary's, including population density, internet access, crime rate, and other aspects of the population.\n\nPopulation \nAccording to the 2011 census the population of Saint Mary was 7,341.\n\nOther demographics statistics (2011)\n\nCensus Data (2011)\n\nIndividual\n\nHousehold \nThere are 2,512 households in Saint Mary Parish.\n\nSee also\nDemographics of Antigua and Barbuda\n\nReferences\n\nAntigua and Barbuda Christians\nDemographics of Antigua and Barbuda" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men", "When did Nightcrawler return to the X-Men?", "Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet,", "Why did Excalibur disband?", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "priesthood, Nightcrawler shares team leadership with Archangel." ]

[ "(or ), a Latin sentence meaning \"Who [is] like God?\", is a literal translation of the name Michael (, transliterated Micha'el or Mîkhā'ēl).\n\nThe sentence is particularly associated with Archangel Michael. In art, St. Michael is often represented as an angelic warrior, fully armed with helmet, sword, and shield, as he overcomes Satan, sometimes represented as a dragon and sometimes as a man-like figure. The shield at times bears the inscription: , the translation of the archangel's name, but capable also of being seen as his rhetorical and scornful question to Satan.\n\nThe Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel also bears this phrase.\n\nSee also\n\n El (deity)\n Mi Chamocha\n Michaelion\n Michaelmas\n Novena to Saint Michael\n Prayer to Saint Michael\n Saint Michael in the Catholic Church\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nAngels in Christianity\nBiblical phrases\nLatin words and phrases\nMichael (archangel)", "The Archangel Allied Cemetery is a military cemetery in Archangel, Russia, that is under the management of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Amongst the buried is Samuel George Pearse, an Australian soldier who received the Victoria Cross during the 1919 North Russia intervention in the Russian Civil War.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCommonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries in Russia\nCemeteries in Russia", "Archangel is a 1996 science fantasy novel by American writer Sharon Shinn. It is the first book in the Samaria series of novels.\n\nPlot summary \nAngels and mortals, who need one another but have a love-hate relationship, inhabit the land of Samaria. The angels have wings and fly, and are taller and stronger than humans. Legends state that angels were made by Jovah to oversee Samaria under the guidance of the Archangel. The angels are supposed to protect humans, answer their petitions, solve their problems, and intercede to god for them by petitioning the god Jovah through song, especially for rain when the crops need it and the sun when it is stormy. In addition, the angels must sing to Jovah at the annual Gloria held on the Plain of Sharon, otherwise god would destroy the world. The Archangel and his consort, the Angelica, lead this mass in praise of Jovah. Archangels do not serve for life, but every twenty years Jovah selects a new Archangel.\n\nSamaria is divided into three regions, Gaza, Bethel and Jordana, separated by rivers. Each region has an angel hold or fortress that acts as the governing center for the region. The citizens of Gaza, the Manadavvi, are highly cultured and wealthy. The Jansai, who are calculating and greedy merchants, and run the Edori slave trade inhabit Jordana. The Edori are the wanderers and frequently become enslaved by the Jansai.\n\nThe Oracle has declared that the angel Gabriel is to be the next Archangel. However, Raphael, the current Archangel, who is corrupt and uses his position for himself, does not want to step down. Gabriel has an additional problem in that he procrastinated getting married. He tracks down the mortal that god has selected be his wife, but she has her own thoughts about the marriage and the expectations of her as the archangel’s consort, the Angelica. Rachel, an Edori slave, dislikes angels because of what they had done to her family when she was younger. Gabriel is faced with many trials having to contend with Raphael on the one hand, and his reluctant wife, who is a constant thorn-in-the-side. But the trials and tribulations confronting Gabriel and Rachel brings them close together and they finally realize that they love each other. The story ends with Gabriel and Rachael singing together at the Gloria, thus satisfying the wishes of the god.\n\nExternal links \nArchangel review from ABC.\nArchangel review from Sci Fi Weekly.\n\n1996 American novels\n1997 science fiction novels\nAmerican science fiction novels\nNovels by Sharon Shinn\nSamaria series\nAce Books books\nDebut speculative fiction novels\n1996 debut novels" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men", "When did Nightcrawler return to the X-Men?", "Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet,", "Why did Excalibur disband?", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "priesthood, Nightcrawler shares team leadership with Archangel.", "Who is Archangel?", "I don't know." ]

[ "In the Latter Day Saint movement, priesthood is the power and authority of God given to man, including the authority to perform ordinances and to act as a leader in the church. A group of priesthood holders is referred to as a quorum.\n\nPriesthood denotes elements of both power and authority. The priesthood includes the power Jesus gave his apostles to perform miracles such as the casting out of devils and the healing of sick (Luke 9:1). Latter Day Saints believe that the Biblical miracles performed by prophets and apostles were performed by the power of priesthood, including the miracles of Jesus, who holds all of the keys of the priesthood. The priesthood is formally known as the \"Priesthood after the Order of the Son of God\", but to avoid the too frequent use of the name of deity, the priesthood is referred to as the Melchizedek priesthood (Melchizedek being the high priest to whom Abraham paid tithes).\n\nAs an authority, priesthood is the authority by which a bearer may perform ecclesiastical acts of service in the name of God. Latter Day Saints believe that acts (and in particular, ordinances) performed by one with priesthood authority are recognized by God and are binding in heaven, on earth, and in the afterlife. In addition, Latter Day Saints believe that leadership positions within the church are legitimized by the priesthood authority.\n\nFor most of the history of the Latter Day Saint movement, only men have been ordained to specific offices in the priesthood. The first exception to this policy was within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite), a faction founded by James J. Strang that flourished between 1844 and 1856 (though a diminutive remnant still exists today). In Strang's church, women were—and still are—permitted to hold the offices of priest and teacher (but not any other offices) from as early as 1856. In 1984, the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (now the Community of Christ), the second largest denomination of the movement, began ordaining women to all of its priesthood offices. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the largest church in the movement, still restricts its priesthood to men, as do most of the other Latter Day Saint denominations. Mormon feminist Kate Kelly was excommunicated for campaigning to allow women's ordination in the LDS Church. An apostle of the Church has taught that \"[m]en have no greater claim than women upon the blessings that issue from the Priesthood and accompany its possession.\"\n\nOrders of priesthood\nLatter Day Saint theology has recognized at least three orders of priesthood: (1) the Aaronic priesthood, (2) the Melchizedek priesthood; and (3) the Patriarchal priesthood. Although these are different orders, they are, in reality, all subsumed under the priesthood held by Jesus Christ, that is, the Melchizedek priesthood.\n\nThe Aaronic priesthood (also called the Levitical priesthood), is considered to be a lesser priesthood tracing its roots to Aaron, the brother of Moses, through John the Baptist. In Latter Day Saint theology, it derives from the original holy priesthood which Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery received on May 15, 1829, when they were ordained by an angel identifying himself as John the Baptist. In 1835, Smith and Cowdery clarified that this authority was the \"Aaronic, or Levitical priesthood\".\n\nBy early 1831, Latter Day Saint theology also recognized a higher order of priesthood, or the high priesthood. This high priesthood had been foreshadowed in the Book of Mormon, which referred to men holding the unique position of high priest in the church organization described in that book, holding the \"high priesthood of the holy order of God\" (, ); however, the office of high priest was not implemented in early Mormonism until some days after Smith was joined in his ministry by Sidney Rigdon, a newly-converted Cambellite minister from Ohio, who merged his congregation with Smith's Church of Christ. Rigdon believed the teachings of the early Mormon missionaries who taught him, but thought the missionaries were lacking in heavenly power. In response to Rigdon's concern, the church's first high priests were ordained at a special conference held in June 1831.\n\nBy 1835, Latter Day Saints began referring to this high priesthood as the Melchizedek priesthood, or, the \"Holy Priesthood, after the Order of the Son of God\". This priesthood was so named, according to a revelation, because Melchizedek \"was such a great high priest\" and \"out of respect or reverence to the name of the Supreme Being, to avoid the too frequent repetition of his name\". This priesthood was thought to be the order of priesthood held by Jesus, and a distinction was made between the Aaronic and Melchizedek priesthoods, which derives in part from the Epistle to the Hebrews, whose author argues that Jesus arose \"after the order of Melchizedec, and not ... after the order of Aaron\" (Heb. 7:11).\n\nAlthough there were generally considered to be only two orders of priesthood during most of Smith's life, a year before his death, on August 27, 1843, he referred to a third order of priesthood called the Patriarchal priesthood. This one of the \"3 grand orders of priesthood\", Smith said, was second in greatness between the lower Aaronic and the higher Melchizedek. The priesthood included, according to Smith, the \"keys to endowment—tokens, etc.\", the ability to \"walk with God\", and the authority of the \"order of prayer\". Smith taught that this order of priesthood was passed from father to son, and held by Abraham and the biblical patriarchs. However, Smith provided little further information about this third order. Although Smith instituted an office of patriarch in the church, most modern Latter Day Saint denominations classify the Patriarchal priesthood as an office within the Melchizedek priesthood, rather than a separate order.\n\nCalling and ordination\nAccording to Latter Day Saint doctrine, to exercise priesthood authority, a person must (1) be called by God, (2) be ordained or endowed with priesthood authority, and (3) receive the necessary priesthood keys, either through ordination to an office of the priesthood or through delegation or setting apart by someone who does hold the appropriate keys.\n\nCalling to the priesthood\nLatter Day Saints believe that as a prerequisite to receiving the priesthood, a person must be \"called\" to the priesthood. When a person is called, it is the person's opportunity or destiny to hold the priesthood. See (\"Many are called but few are chosen\"). There is some disagreement among the various Latter Day Saint sects as to the manner by which a person may be called to the priesthood; however, there are at least four possibilities expressed in Mormon scripture: (1) calling by prophecy, (2) calling through lineage, (3) calling by foreordination, or (4) calling through faith and good works. In addition, a person's calling through lineage or foreordination may be revealed by prophecy, and a person's faith and good works may identify him as one who was foreordained; thus, these categories are not mutually exclusive.\n\nCalling by prophecy\nDespite the existence in Mormon doctrine of other means by which a person could be called to the priesthood, the most common and standard means by which a person is said to have been called to the priesthood is \"by prophecy\". In his Wentworth letter, Smith stated, \"We believe that a man must be called of God, by prophecy, and by the laying on of hands, by one who is in authority... to preach the Gospel and administer in the ordinances thereof.\" (See also Fifth Article of Faith.)\n\nIn the early church, many callings came as direct scriptural revelations by Smith. Since Smith's death, most Latter Day Saint denominations consider a person to have been called by prophecy when someone within the church hierarchy, who holds the priesthood, is inspired by the Holy Spirit that the person should hold the priesthood.\n\nRight to the priesthood through lineage\n\nIn some situations, Latter Day Saints believe that a person may also be called through their lineage, so that they have a legal right to a priesthood office by lineal succession. For example, a revelation given to Smith states, \"And if they be literal descendants of Aaron, they have a legal right to the bishopric, if they are the firstborn among the sons of Aaron.\" In a revelation to Joseph Smith, he was promised his lineage would have the priesthood: \"Therefore, thus saith the Lord unto you, with whom the priesthood hath continued through the lineage of your fathers—For ye are lawful heirs, according to the flesh, and have been hid from the world with Christ in God—Therefore your life and the priesthood have remained, and must needs remain through you and your lineage until the restoration of all things spoken by the mouths of all the holy prophets since the world began.\" In addition, Smith taught that the Patriarchal priesthood descended from father to son. One who has the right and calling to hold these positions through lineage must still be ordained by the church hierarchy before officiating in the office.\n\nCalling by foreordination\nLatter Day Saints also believe that a person may be called to the priesthood by foreordination. The Book of Mormon refers to priests that were \"called and prepared from the foundation of the world according to the foreknowledge of God, on account of their exceeding faith and good works.\" (). In the Book of Abraham, Abraham was said to be called to the priesthood in this way:\nNow the Lord had shown unto me, Abraham, the intelligences that were organized before the world was; and among all these there were many of the noble and great ones; And God saw these souls that they were good, and he stood in the midst of them, and he said: These I will make my rulers; for he stood among those that were spirits, and he saw that they were good; and he said unto me: Abraham, thou art one of them; thou wast chosen before thou wast born.\n\nIt is generally believed that those who were foreordained to the priesthood earned this right by valiancy or nobility in the pre-mortal life. It is by prophecy that a person's foreordination is thought to be revealed. Latter Day Saints, however, do not believe in predestination, and therefore believe that foreordination is a destiny, but not an immutable destiny. A person can nullify their foreordination through sin.\n\nCalling by faith and good works\nMany Latter Day Saints believe that a person may be called to the priesthood through their faith and good works. This view is based primarily upon the Book of Mormon, which states that \"it was by faith that they of old were called after the holy order of God\". (). Similarly, in the Book of Mormon's first detailed discussion concerning the calling and ordination of high priests, the scripture states, \"And this is the manner after which they were ordained— ... they having chosen good, and exercising exceedingly great faith, are called with a holy calling .... And thus they have been called to this holy calling on account of their faith.\" (). In a similar vein, the earliest sections of the Doctrine and Covenants contain statements such as \"if ye have desires to serve God ye are called to the work\" and \"whosoever will thrust in his sickle and reap, the same is called of God\".\n\nThe gift of the priesthood and ordination to a particular priesthood office\nIn addition to being called by God, Latter Day Saint theology holds that a person must be given priesthood authority by one who currently holds it. While calling represents a general call to receive priesthood authority, a person is not thought to actually possess the priesthood to which they have been called until it is formally conferred or endowed to that person through a sacred ceremony.\n\nMormons generally understand priesthood authority to be given in one of two ways: (1) as part of a priesthood ordination ceremony, or (2) through the endowment ceremony. After a person has received the priesthood, a person may be ordained numerous times to various particular offices within the church. Receiving the priesthood is considered to be a saving ordinance.\n\nRequirement of priesthood succession\nVery early in his ministry, Joseph Smith began to advocate the position that priesthood does not come directly from God through the Holy Spirit, as many Protestants believe, but through a line of direct or apostolic succession. Thus, Latter Day Saints generally believe that priesthood originates with Jesus, and is passed to others through a line of succession. Only one who holds the priesthood can pass it to another. Thus, in 1829, Smith and his associate claimed that the Aaronic priesthood was given to him by John the Baptist, who was thought to have authority through the lineage of his father Zacharias, who was an Aaronic priest. Later, Smith also claimed to have received the Melchizedek priesthood from the apostles Peter, James, and John, who were given their authority by Jesus.\n\nGift of the priesthood through an ordination ceremony\nThe most common and well-recognized manner through which a Latter Day Saint receives the priesthood is as part of a priesthood ordination ceremony. Typically, in an ordination ceremony, before a person is ordained for the first time to a particular office such as elder, deacon, teacher, or priest, the person performing the ceremony will lay their hands upon the recipient's head and in the name of Jesus Christ and by the authority of his priesthood confer upon the recipient the Aaronic or Melchizedek priesthood.\n\nGift of the priesthood through the endowment ceremony\nWhile most Latter Day Saints recognize that priesthood may be conferred as part of an ordination ceremony, some feminist Mormons understand the endowment ceremony to be an endowment of priesthood authority. In the washing and anointing portion of the endowment, men are washed and anointed (by men) \"to become kings and priests\", while women are washed and anointed (by women) \"to become queens and priestesses\". Later in the ceremony, both men and women are clothed in the \"robes of the priesthood\" and \"prepared to officiate in the ordinances of\" the Aaronic and Melchizedek priesthoods.\n\nThus, it has been suggested that the endowment ceremony was recognized as an endowment of priesthood authority to both men and women, although not an ordination to a specific priesthood office. This view was expressed in 1884 by Eliza R. Snow, president of the Relief Society, who stated:\n\nIs it necessary for sisters to be set apart to officiate in the sacred ordinances of washing, anointing, and laying on of hands in administering to the sick? It certainly is not. Any and all sisters who honor their holy endowments, not only have right, but should feel it a duty, whenever called upon to administer to our sisters in these ordinances, which God has graciously committed to His daughters as well as to His sons; and we testify that when administered and received in faith and humility they are accompanied with almighty power.\n\nA similar view was also expressed by LDS Church apostle James E. Talmage in 1912, who wrote:\nIt is a precept of the Church that women of the Church share the authority of the Priesthood with their husbands, actual or prospective; and therefore women ... taking the endowment ... are not ordained to specific rank in the Priesthood. Nevertheless there is no grade, rank, or phase of the temple endowment to which women are not eligible on an equality with men.\n\nFemale priesthood authority was closely associated with the Relief Society. Joseph F. Smith, an LDS Church apostle, argued that though Mormon women were not ordained as general authorities, elders, or high priests, they are admitted to an \"ecclesiastical or priestly authority\" through the Relief Society, which may include holding offices within the church through that organization.\n\nOrdination to particular priesthood offices in the church through the laying on of hands\nAfter a person has received the priesthood, they may be ordained numerous times to various particular offices within the church. This takes place by the laying on of hands. The ordination to a particular office, such as priest, teacher, or elder, represents a more specific call to perform a particular priesthood duty within the church, and a person may be ordained to numerous offices during their lifetime, depending on the needs of the church.\n\nThat specific ordinations to preach or perform ordinances are made through the laying on of hands was a concept formulated early in Joseph Smith's ministry. He stated the principle as one of the church's articles of faith, that a calling to preach or perform rituals in the name of Christ was to be made through \"prophecy and the laying on of hands by those who are in authority\" (see Fifth Article of Faith in The Wentworth Letter). A Book of Mormon example of ordination by the laying on of hands is found in the Book of Alma, where Alma \"ordained priests and elders, by laying on his hands according to the order of God, to preside and watch over the church\". Modern day priesthood holders ordained to the office of priest (or higher) are able to ordain other worthy members to priesthood offices up to their office.\n\nPriesthood keys\n\nPriesthood keys are conferred upon all the presidents of the quorums. A quorum is a group of priesthood holders who hold the same priesthood office. For a priesthood holder to exercise ecclesiastical power or authority, Latter Day Saints believe that a priesthood holder must have a specific set of keys or be authorized by one who holds those keys. Thus, even though a priesthood holder is called and ordained with general priesthood power, to formally lead others in the church or to conduct specific rites may also require specific keys not held by all priesthood holders. The existence of keys makes possible a church hierarchy, in which particular priesthood holders specialize in a particular ecclesiastical function organized in a top-down manner.\n\nPriesthood keys are passed in much the same way as priesthood power in general, usually through the laying on of hands. The manner and rigor with which the concept of keys is applied varies from denomination to denomination within the Latter Day Saint movement.\n\nIn the LDS Church, the following declaration by Merrill J. Bateman explains how priesthood keys function: \n\"The priesthood is the power and authority of God delegated to man. Priesthood keys are the right to direct the use of that power. The President of the Church holds the keys necessary for governing the entire Church. His counselors in the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles also hold the keys of the kingdom and operate under the President's direction. Stake presidents, bishops, and temple, mission, and quorum presidents are given keys to guide the Church in their jurisdictions. Their counselors do not hold keys.\"\n\nPriesthood offices and quorums\nWithin the priesthood, there are many offices, each of which represents a category of positions within the clerical hierarchy of the church. The number and nature of these offices have changed over time, and may differ between sects of Mormonism; however, by the death of Joseph Smith, these offices included at least the following:\ndeacon\nteacher\npriest\nbishop and Presiding Bishop\nelder\nhigh priest\nseventy\npatriarch and Presiding Patriarch\napostle\n\nOrdination to an office does not necessarily mean ordination to a position of leadership. Priesthood holders are organized into quorums, which each have a president or presidents. Each quorum president holds priesthood keys. The president or presidents may or may not be given counselors to assist them.\n\nHistory of the priesthood in the Latter Day Saint tradition\nBecause Latter Day Saints believe that priesthood authority and keys may be granted only by one who holds that authority or keys, they believe it is important that a person trace their priesthood through a line of succession from a person in the Bible who was known to hold that authority or keys. Moreover, Latter Day Saints believe that the priesthood authority was absent from the earth during the Great Apostasy, and that priesthood had to be restored through Joseph Smith. Catholic and Orthodox Christians do not believe that such a complete apostasy ever took place when defending the validity of their priesthoods, and these churches do not recognize the priesthood exercised by Latter Day Saints.\n\nLatter Day Saints believe that ancient prophets and apostles conferred the priesthood directly upon Smith and other early members of the movement.\n\nRestoration of the Aaronic Priesthood\n\nChurch members initially viewed priesthood as a charismatic authority. By 1832, however, Smith indicated for the first time, in an unpublished history, that the priesthood had been received by the \"ministering of Angels\" In 1834, Oliver Cowdery provided the first public announcement that the priesthood had been conferred by John the Baptist on May 15, 1829. Cowdery's account was essentially confirmed by Smith, who described it as follows:\n[W]e ... went into the woods to pray and inquire of the Lord respecting baptism for the remission of sins, that we found mentioned in the translation of the plates, The Book of Mormon. ... While we were thus employed, praying and calling upon the Lord, a messenger from heaven descended in a cloud of light, and having laid his hands upon us, he ordained us, saying:\n\nUpon you my fellow servants, in the name of Messiah, I confer the Priesthood of Aaron, which holds the keys of the ministering of angels, and of the gospel of repentance, and of baptism by immersion for the remission of sins; and this shall never be taken again from the earth until the sons of Levi do offer again an offering unto the Lord in righteousness.\n\nHe said this Aaronic Priesthood had not the power of laying on hands for the gift of the Holy Ghost, but that this should be conferred on us hereafter; and he commanded us to go and be baptized, and gave us directions that I should baptize Oliver Cowdery, and that afterwards he should baptize me.\n\nAccordingly we went and were baptized. ...\n\nThe messenger who visited us on this occasion and conferred this Priesthood upon us, said that his name was John, the same that is called John the Baptist in the New Testament, and that he acted under the direction of Peter, James and John, who held the keys of the Priesthood of Melchizedek, which Priesthood, he said, would in due time be conferred on us, and that I should be called the first Elder of the Church, and he (Oliver Cowdery) the second. ...\n\nImmediately on our coming up out of the water after we had been baptized, we experienced great and glorious blessings from our Heavenly Father. No sooner had I baptized Oliver Cowdery, than the Holy Ghost fell upon him, and he stood up and prophesied many things which should shortly come to pass. And again, so soon as I had been baptized by him, I also had the spirit of prophecy, when, standing up, I prophesied concerning the rise of this Church, and many other things connected with the Church, and this generation of the children of men. We were filled with the Holy Ghost, and rejoiced in the God of our salvation.\n\nRestoration of the Melchizedek priesthood\nUnlike the restoration of the Aaronic priesthood, Smith never provided a date for the restoration of the Melchizedek priesthood, and never clearly indicated how this authority was conferred. Smith first specifically introduced the Melchizedek or high priesthood to the church in 1831. In his 1832 history, he referred to \"a confirmation and reception of the high Priesthood after the holy order of the son of the living God power and ordinence from on high to preach the Gospel in the administration and demonstration of the spirit the Kees of the Kingdom of God conferred on him [Smith] and the continuation of the blessings of God to him &c\".\n\nThough specific details were lacking, by the turn of the 20th century, Latter Day Saint theologians were convinced that such a conferral had occurred prior to the organization of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830. This was largely because the early church organization contained the office of elder, which by 1835 was considered an office of the Melchizedek priesthood. As evidence for such a pre-organization angelic conferral, writers referred to a revelation in which Smith said he heard \"[t]he voice of Peter, James, and John in the wilderness between Harmony, Susquehanna county, and Colesville, Broome county, on the Susquehanna river, declaring themselves as possessing the keys of the kingdom, and of the dispensation of the fulness of times!\" Thus, most Latter Day Saints believe that Smith and Cowdery were visited by the three angels and that they conferred the Melchizedek priesthood in the same way John the Baptist had conferred the Aaronic priesthood.\n\nHowever, the official church history, supervised or written by Smith, states that \"the authority of the Melchizedek priesthood was manifested and conferred for the first time upon several of the Elders\" during a general conference of the church in early June 1831. When Smith's official history was first published in 1902, the compiler, B. H. Roberts, thought that this was a mistake, because it would not be consistent with the then-common Mormon belief that the priesthood had been conferred prior to the church's founding in 1830.\n\nHowever, some recent Mormon historians accept Smith's history as correct and consistent with other historical records showing that other Mormons present at the conference dated the restoration of the Melchizedek priesthood to 1831. This conference had been a very significant event in the early church history, coming soon after the conversion of Sidney Rigdon, who believed that Mormon missionaries lacked the necessary power to adequately preach the gospel. Thus, in January 1831, Smith issued a revelation where he wrote that after Mormons relocated to Kirtland, Ohio, they would \"be endowed with power from on high\" and \"sent forth\". In a revelation given to an individual, Smith assured the man that \"at the conference meeting he [would] be ordained unto power from on high\". One of Smith's associates that was present at the conference expressed the view that this ordination \"consisted [of] the endowment—it being a new order—and bestowed authority\", and later that year, an early convert who had left the church claimed that many of the Saints \"have been ordained to the High Priesthood, or the order of Melchizedek; and profess to be endowed with the same power as the ancient apostles were\". In 1835, the historical record was muddled a bit when the first edition of the Doctrine and Covenants altered pre-1831 revelations to make a distinction between the Aaronic and Melchizedek priesthoods, and to classify the offices of elder and apostle as part of the latter.\n\nRestoration of other Priesthood keys\nIn addition to the restoration of the Melchizedek priesthood (and the keys of the apostleship), additional priesthood keys were conferred on Joseph Smith and others. Smith dictated the following passage as a revelation following the dedication of the Kirtland Temple:\n\nAfter this vision closed, the heavens were again opened unto us; and Moses appeared before us, and committed unto us the keys of the gathering of Israel from the four parts of the earth, and the leading of the ten tribes from the land of the north. After this, Elias appeared, and committed the dispensation of the gospel of Abraham, saying that in us and our seed all generations after us should be blessed. After this vision had closed, another great and glorious vision burst upon us; for Elijah the prophet, who was taken to heaven without tasting death, stood before us, and said: Behold, the time has fully come, which was spoken of by the mouth of Malachi—testifying that he [Elijah] should be sent, before the great and dreadful day of the Lord come—To turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the children to the fathers, lest the whole earth be smitten with a curse—Therefore, the keys of this dispensation are committed into your hands; and by this ye may know that the great and dreadful day of the Lord is near, even at the doors.\n\nPriesthood in the LDS Church\n\nIn the LDS Church, the largest denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement, priesthood is recognized only in men and boys, who are ordained to offices in the priesthood as a matter of course once they reach the age of 12, so long as they meet requirements of worthiness. There are no other requirements for ordination, although prior to 1978, the church did not ordain men or boys who were deemed to be of black African descent, based on the mid-19th century teachings of Brigham Young, which the church felt it could not abandon without a revelation from God. (See Black people and priesthood (LDS)).<ref>Tequitia Andrews (October 4, 2008). [http://www.mormontimes.com/mormon_voices/tequitia_andrews/?id=3971 \"Racism, testimony are barriers for black LDS], Mormon Times, October 4, 2008.</ref> The doctrine was eliminated in 1978 and the church now allows all men to hold the priesthood, subject to worthiness.\n\nPriesthood is structured as a vertical hierarchy with a clear chain of command. At each level in the hierarchy, the priesthood is organized by quorums, led by a presidency, which usually consists of a president and two counselors. The church recognizes the two major \"orders\" of priesthood, Aaronic and Melchizedek, the latter being limited to adult men who have held the Aaronic priesthood.\n\nPriesthood in the Community of Christ\n\nThe Community of Christ teaches that all Christians are called by their gifts and talents to the ministry, priesthood is seen as a particular expression of universal ministry to which all are called. Since 1984, the church has ordained both women and men to the priesthood. All offices are deemed equal in importance, but the duties and responsibilities of each differ.\n\nFor a person to be called to the priesthood for the first time, his or her calling is typically discerned by the pastor of the local congregation. These priesthood calls are approved after review by a Mission Center President and vote of a congregational conference. For certain calls, especially to higher offices of the priesthood, the discernment will come through other church officials and approval will be voted upon at a Mission Center Conference or World Conference. Once the call has been administratively processed it is presented to the individual called. If that individual accepts the call and is sustained by a conference vote, he or she will be ordained to that office.\n\nSee also\n\nOrdinance (Latter Day Saints)\nList of articles about Mormonism\nPriesthood blessing\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\nEliza R. Snow, \"To the Branches of the Relief Society\", Woman's Exponent'' 13 (15 Sept. 1884) (cited in Hanks, p. 85).\n.\n.\n.\n.\n\nLatter Day Saint ordinances, rituals, and symbolism\n1829 establishments in the United States\nLatter Day Saint terms\n1829 in Christianity\nTypes of Latter Day Saint organization\nMale clergy", "In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the patriarchal priesthood (or Abrahamic priesthood) is sometimes understood as one of types or \"orders\" of priesthood. The two commonly known orders are the Aaronic priesthood and the Melchizedek priesthood. The patriarchal priesthood should not be confused with the calling of the patriarch. The patriarchal priesthood is associated with the patriarchal order found in Mormonism and is especially connected with celestial marriage.\n\nBoyd K. Packer, an LDS Church apostle, has explained that the patriarchal priesthood is included in the Melchizedek priesthood: \"There are references to a patriarchal priesthood. The patriarchal order is not a third, separate priesthood. Whatever relates to the patriarchal order is embraced in the Melchizedek Priesthood. 'All other authorities or offices in the church are appendages to [the Melchizedek] priesthood.' [D&C 107:5] The patriarchal order is a part of the Melchizedek Priesthood which enables endowed and worthy men to preside over their posterity in time and eternity.\"\n\nHistory\nIn Nauvoo, Illinois on August 27, 1843, while the Nauvoo Temple was being constructed, Joseph Smith, the first president of the restored Church of Christ, taught, using Hebrews as background material, the \"Three Grand Orders\" of priesthood:\n\nThere are three grand orders of priesthood referred to here.\n\n1st. The King of Shiloam (Salem) had power and authority over that of Abraham, holding the key and the power of endless life .... The Melchizedek Priesthood holds the right from the eternal God, and not by descent from father and mother; and that priesthood is as eternal as God Himself, having neither beginning of days nor end of life.\n\nThe 2nd Priesthood is Patriarchal authority. Go to and finish the temple, and God will fill it with power, and you will then receive more knowledge concerning this priesthood.\n\nThe 3rd is what is called the Levitical Priesthood, consisting of priests to administer in outward ordinances, made without an oath; but the Priesthood of Melchizedek is by an oath and covenant.\n\nThe Holy Ghost is God's messenger to administer in all those priesthoods.\n\nEight years earlier, Smith had dictated a revelation that declared, \"There are, in the church, two priesthoods, namely, the Melchizedek and Aaronic, including the Levitical Priesthood\". At the time of the 1843 Nauvoo discourse, the temple was under construction and Smith declared that knowledge of the \"patriarchal authority\" would be revealed in the temple. \n\nThe Nauvoo Temple was constructed by 1844 and dedicated in 1846 by Orson Hyde. It was the first Latter Day Saint temple where the ordinance of celestial marriage was practiced. \n\nThe oath of the priesthood referenced in , was revealed to Smith in a revelation in Kirtland, Ohio on September 22 and 23, 1832. This revelation is contained in the section 84 of the Doctrine and Covenants and is referred to as the oath and covenant of the priesthood. It includes the following promise that has relation to the doctrine of exaltation. \n\n\"They become the sons of Moses and of Aaron and the seed of Abraham, and the church and kingdom, and the elect of God.\n\"And also all they who receive this priesthood receive me, saith the Lord;\n\"For he that receiveth my servants receiveth me;\n\"And he that receiveth me receiveth my Father;\n\"And he that receiveth my Father receiveth my Father’s kingdom; therefore all that my Father hath shall be given unto him.\n\"And this is according to the oath and covenant which belongeth to the priesthood.\"\n\nBruce R. McConkie wrote regarding the subject: \n\n\"Those who shall hereafter rule and reign in eternity as exalted beings will form a patriarchal chain which will begin with Father Adam and spread out until every exalted person is linked in. Exaltation consists in the continuation of the family unit in eternity, and every family which so continues will find its proper place in the eternal organizational framework which the Almighty has ordained. None will be forgotten. Unworthy mortal links will be dropped in eternity, for there is no family in which all generations will attain exaltation; later generations of worthy families will be welded into the links formed by their ancestors who became worthy of a like exaltation with them. All those after the day of Abraham (of whatever literal lineage they may be) who so live as to be worthy of a place in this great patriarchal chain will be welded into Abraham's lineage and shall rise up and bless him as their father.\"\n\nThe word \"patriarch\" means \"Father-Ruler\" and part of the doctrine of the LDS Church is that there cannot be a patriarch without a matriarch. Latter-day Saints believe that a man and a woman can be joined in marriage for all eternity if done with the proper authority and in the temple. This celestial marriage is at the heart of the patriarchal order of the priesthood.\n\nSee also\nLineal succession (Mormonism)\n\nReferences \n\nLatter Day Saint hierarchy\nLatter Day Saint ordinances, rituals, and symbolism\n \nLatter Day Saint terms", "From 1849 to 1978, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) prohibited men of black African descent from being ordained to the priesthood. In 1978, the church's First Presidency declared in a statement known as \"Official Declaration 2\" that the restriction had been lifted. Between 1830 and 1849, a few black men had been ordained to the priesthood under Joseph Smith.\n\nAs part of this restriction, both black men and women of African descent at various times were prohibited from taking part in ceremonies in LDS temples, serving in certain leadership church callings, attending priesthood meetings, and speaking at firesides. Spouses of black people of African descent were also prohibited from entering the temple. Over time, the restriction was relaxed so that black people of non African descent could attend priesthood meetings and people with a \"questionable lineage\" were given the priesthood, such as Fijians, Indigenous Australians, Egyptians, as well as Brazilians and South Africans with an unknown heritage who did not appear to have any black heritage.\n\nDuring this time, the church taught that the restriction came from God and many leaders gave several race-based explanations for the ban, including a curse on Cain and his descendants, Ham's marriage to Egyptus, a curse on the descendants of Canaan, and that black people were less valiant in their pre-mortal life. Church leaders used LDS scriptures to justify their explanations, including the Book of Abraham, which teaches that the descendants of Canaan were black and Pharaoh could not have the priesthood because he was a descendant of Canaan. In 1978, it was declared that the restriction was lifted as a result of a revelation given to the church president and apostles. The 1978 declaration was incorporated into the Doctrine and Covenants, a book of Latter-day Saint scripture.\n\nIn December 2013, the LDS Church published an essay approved by the First Presidency which gave context to the restriction. In it, the church disavowed most race-based explanations for the past priesthood restriction and denounced racism.\n\nA 2016 survey of self-identified Mormons revealed that over 60 percent of respondents either \"know\" or \"believe\" that the priesthood/temple ban was God's will.\n\nRacial restrictions\nUnder the racial restrictions that lasted from the presidency of Brigham Young until 1978, people with any black African ancestry could not hold the priesthood in the LDS Church and could not participate in most temple ordinances, including the endowment and celestial marriage. Black people were permitted to be members of the church, and to participate in some temple ordinances, such as baptism for the dead.\n\nThe racial restrictions were applied to black Africans, persons of black African descent, and any one with mixed race that included any black African ancestry. The restrictions were not applied to Native Americans, Hispanics, Melanesians, or Polynesians.\n\nPriesthood\nBrigham Young taught that black men would not receive the priesthood until \"all the other descendants of Adam have received the promises and enjoyed the blessings of the Priesthood and the keys thereof.\"\n\nThe priesthood restriction was particularly limiting, because the LDS Church has a lay priesthood and all worthy male members may receive the priesthood if they choose to do so. Young men are generally admitted to the Aaronic priesthood at age 12, and it is a significant rite of passage. Holders of the priesthood officiate at church meetings, perform blessings of healing, and manage church affairs. Excluding black people from the priesthood meant that they could not hold significant church leadership roles or participate in certain spiritual events such as blessing the sick or giving other blessings reserved for priesthood holders.\n\nTemple ordinances\nBetween 1844 and 1977, most black people were not permitted to participate in ordinances performed in the LDS Church temples, such as the endowment ritual, celestial marriages, and family sealings. These ordinances are considered essential to enter the highest degree of heaven, so this meant that black church members could not enjoy the full privileges enjoyed by other Latter Day Saints during the restriction.\n\nLatter Day Saints believe that those marriages sealed in Mormon temples can become celestial marriages that bind the family together forever, whereas those marriages that are not sealed are terminated upon death. As church president, David O. McKay taught that black people \"need not worry, as those who receive the testimony of the restored gospel may have their family ties protected and other blessings made secure, for in the justice of the Lord they will possess all the blessings to which they are entitled in the eternal plan of Salvation and Exaltation.\"\n\nBrigham Young taught, \"When the ordinances are carried out in the temples that will be erected, [children] will be sealed to their [parents], and those who have slept, clear up to Father Adam. This will have to be done ... until we shall form a perfect chain from Father Adam down to the closing up scene.\"\n\nAn exception to the temple ban for black members was that (except for the complete temple ban period from the mid-1960s until the early 70s under McKay) black members had been allowed a limited use recommend to act as proxies in baptisms for the dead. Additionally, black children who were legally adopted by white parents could be sealed to their parents.\n\nChurch service\nUnder the priesthood ban, black men and women could not hold any significant church callings, be leaders or serve missions. The LDS Church relies heavily on its unpaid members to fulfill leadership positions and serve in church callings. For men, the priesthood is required for many leadership and church callings and is given to virtually every Latter-day Saint male as early as age 11. For both men and women, a temple endowment is required or encouraged for other callings, such as missionary service. This limited the ability of black members to serve in various callings. When the priesthood was given to the blacks under Joseph Smith, they were also able to serve in a variety of callings. For example, Elijah Abel served a mission and was called to be a seventy. When Brigham Young instituted the priesthood restriction, black members were barred from many leadership and service positions, and, initially, from attending priesthood meetings. In 1952, McKay banned black people from speaking at priesthood meetings and firesides.\n\nThrough the years, some exceptions were made to allow black members to serve without the priesthood. For example, Samuel Chamber was appointed to be an assistant deacon in 1873. He had the same duties as a deacon, but without being given the priesthood. In 1945, Abner and Martha Howell were called to serve a mission to establish segregated congregations in the southern states. Howell was given a letter signed by LeGrand Richards that allowed him to speak even though blacks were not permitted to attend services there. He was later given a card designating him as an \"Honorary High Priest\".\n\nBy the 1960s, black men could serve in leadership roles in auxiliary organizations and attend priesthood meetings, including serving in the Sunday School or Young Men presidency. In the 1960s, church president McKay began considering opening up a mission in Nigeria. After several difficulties with visas, LeMar Williams was in Nigeria preparing to open the mission. It was decided that only the auxiliaries would be set up in Nigeria, which could be operated without the priesthood. Nigerian men would be allowed to pass the sacrament, but white missionaries would need to bless it. However, the program was canceled after several members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles objected. In 1971, the Genesis Group was formed as an auxiliary to the church for black members. Black members were able to fill positions in the Relief Society, Young Men, and Young Women presidencies. Mary Bankhead served as the first Relief Society president.\n\nSince the 1978 revelation on the priesthood, black people have been able to serve in church callings and fulfill leadership positions. However, service at general church levels has been limited. While there have been several black members of the Quorums of the Seventy and auxiliary general boards, until 2020 there had not been a member of the First Presidency, Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, or the general organizational presidencies (Relief Society, Young Women, Primary, Young Men, or Sunday School) that was black. On April 4, 2020, Ahmad Corbitt was sustained as First Counselor in the Young Men General Presidency, and is the first black person to hold that position.\n\nPatriarchal blessings\n\nIn the LDS Church, a patriarch gives patriarchal blessings to members to help them know their strengths and weaknesses and what to expect in their future life. The blessings also tell members which tribe of Israel they are descended from. Members who are not literally descended from the tribes are adopted into a tribe, usually Ephraim. In the early 19th and 20th centuries, members were more likely to believe they were literally descended from a certain tribe.\n\nIn 1934, a church patriarch, James H. Wallis, recorded in his journal that his understanding of church policy was that black people could not receive a patriarchal blessing because of the priesthood ban, but that they could receive a blessing without a lineage.\" In Brazil, if a patriarch pronounced a lineage, then it was thought that the member was not a descendant of Cain and was therefore eligible for the priesthood, despite physical or genealogical evidence of African ancestry. In this regard, patriarchs did not strictly adhere to any standard or guideline. After the 1978 revelation, patriarchs sometimes declared lineage in patriarchal blessings for black members, but sometimes they did not declare a lineage. Some black members have asked for and received new patriarchal blessings including a lineage.\n\nPeople who married black people\n\nThe first time a church leader taught that a non-black person was cursed for having married a black person was on February 6, 1835. An assistant president of the church, W. W. Phelps, wrote a letter theorizing that Ham's wife was a descendant of Cain and that Ham himself was cursed for \"marrying a black wife\". Young expanded this idea, teaching that non-blacks who had children with a black person would themselves be cursed to the priesthood, and that the law of the Lord required the couple and their children to be killed.\n George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency reaffirmed this was the law of the Lord and explained it was to keep the descendants of Cain from getting the priesthood.\n\nSeveral white members were denied access to temple ceremonies after they had married a black person. One white woman was denied a temple sealing to her white husband because she had previously married a black man, even though she had divorced him. Cannon argued that allowing her access to the temple would not be fair to her two daughters, which she had with her black husband. Another white man was denied the priesthood because he had married a black woman. In 1966, a white woman who had received her endowments was banned by local leaders from going to the temple and was told her endowments were invalid because she had since married a black man. Church president McKay agreed with the ban on going to the temple, but said her endowments were still valid.\n\nAfter the 1978 revelation on the priesthood, husbands of black women could receive the priesthood and spouses of black people could perform temple rituals.\n\nImplementation\nSeveral black men received the priesthood after the racial restrictions were put in place, including Elijah Abel's son Enoch Abel, who was ordained an elder on November 10, 1900. Enoch's son and Elijah Abel's grandson—who was also named Elijah Abel—received the Aaronic priesthood and was ordained to the office of priest on July 5, 1934. The younger Elijah Abel also received the Melchizedek priesthood and was ordained to the office of elder on September 29, 1935. One commentator has pointed out that these incidents illustrate the \"ambiguities, contradictions, and paradoxes\" of the issue during the twentieth century.\n\nAs the church began expanding in areas of the world that were not so racially segregated, the church began having problems distinguishing who had black ancestry. In Brazil, which had a high proportion of people with mixed ancestry, LDS officials advised missionaries in the 1920s to avoid teaching people who appeared to have black ancestry, advising them to look for relatives of the investigators if they were not sure about their racial heritage. Despite the precautions, by the 1940s and 1950s some people with African ancestry had unwittingly been given the priesthood, which prompted an emphasis on missionaries scrutinizing people's appearances for hints of black ancestry and an order to avoid teaching those who did not meet the \"one-drop rule\" criteria. Additionally, starting in the 70s \"lineage lessons\" were added to determine that interested persons didn't have any Sub-Saharan African ancestry. Occasionally, members discovered they had African ancestry after being given the priesthood. In some cases, priesthood authority over-ruled genealogy research. For example, the First Presidency reinstated the president of the Ipiranga, Brazil branch, stating he was not of the lineage of Cain, despite genealogy research showing black ancestry. In other cases, members with black ancestry received patriarchal blessings giving lineage through one of the tribes of Israel, which allowed priesthood ordination.\n\nIn South Africa, some mission presidents had not observed the ban, and ordained members with mixed blood. The First Presidency called Evan Wright and instructed him that no one could receive the priesthood unless they were able to trace their genealogy outside of Africa, even if they had no appearance of African descent. Wright called several missionaries full-time to assist in the genealogy work, but the lack of men who could fulfill the requirement proved difficult. In 1954, David O. McKay made a change to allowed men to be ordained who did not appear to have black heritage.\n\nDuring his time as church president in the 1950s, McKay made some decisions allowing peoples of \"questionable lineage\" to receive the priesthood when they previously would not have been allowed. This was one of the first decisions made to broaden access to the priesthood and relax certain aspects of the restrictions imposed because of the priesthood policies of the time. For example, Fijians were not given the priesthood until 1955 when McKay visited Fiji and told the president of the Samoa Mission that proselyting efforts with the Fijians could begin. Four years later, McKay informed his counselors that there was no evidence that the peoples of Fiji were of African descent.\n\nIn 1964, the priesthood was extended to Indigenous Australians and in 1966 to Egyptians.\n\nReasoning for the priesthood ban\nChurch leadership officially cited various reasons for the doctrinal ban, but later leaders have since repudiated them.\n\nThe curse of Cain and his descendants\n\nSome church members, including certain LDS leaders, used the curse of Cain to justify the racial restrictions. In the book of Genesis found in the Bible, God puts a mark on Cain after he kills his brother Abel. Brigham Young taught that Cain killed Abel to get advantage over him, so God cursed Cain's descendants to not receive the priesthood until all the rest of Adam's descendants received the priesthood. During Young's presidency this was the explanation and was consistently taught by all leaders. It was only after Brigham Young died that the Church began teaching that reason for the ban was unknown.\n\nBruce R. McConkie, who was a seventy at the time and who later served as an apostle, wrote in his 1966 edition of Mormon Doctrine that those who were sent to Earth through the lineage of Cain were those who had been less valiant in the premortal life. He also said that because Ham married Egyptus and because she was a descendant of Cain, that he was able to preserve the \"negro lineage.\" The denial of the priesthood to certain men was then mentioned and he explained that in this life, black people would not hold the priesthood, but that those blessings would be available to them in the next life. In 1881, church president John Taylor expounded on the belief that the curse placed on Ham (who was of the lineage of Cain), was continued because Ham's wife was also of that \"seed.\" In 1978, McConkie said the curse of Cain was no longer in effect.\n\nThe curse of Cain is still taught in Old Testament student manual for LDS institute classes.\n\nCurse of Ham and Book of Abraham\n\nAccording to the Bible, Ham discovered his father Noah drunk and naked in his tent. Because of this, Noah cursed Ham's son, Canaan to be \"servants of servants\". Although the scriptures do not mention anything about skin color, many Americans during the 19th century believed that Ham had married a descendant of Cain, who was black, and that black people carried the curse of Ham. W. W. Phelps, a counselor in the presidency of the church, taught that Ham had married a black wife.\n\nThe Book of Abraham, considered scripture in the LDS movement, denotes that an Egyptian king by the name of Pharaoh, was a descendant of Ham and the Canaanites, who were black, () that Noah had cursed his lineage so they did not have the right to the priesthood, and that all Egyptians descended from him. It was later considered scripture by the LDS Church. This passage is the only one found in any Mormon scripture that bars a particular lineage of people from holding the priesthood. While both Joseph Smith and Brigham Young referred to the curse of Ham as a justification for slavery, neither used the curse of Ham or the Book of Abraham to justify the priesthood ban. It wasn't until 1900 that George Q. Cannon, a member of the First Presidency, began using the story of Pharaoh as a scriptural basis for the ban. In 1912, the First Presidency responded to an inquiry about the priesthood ban by using the story of Pharaoh. By the early 1900s, it became the foundation of church reasoning for the priesthood ban.\n\nIn a 1908 Liahona article for missionaries, an anonymous but church-sanctioned author reviewed the scriptures about blackness in the Pearl of Great Price. The author postulated that Ham married a descendant of Cain. Therefore, Canaan received two curses, one from Noah, and one from being a descendant of Cain. The article states that Canaan was the \"sole ancestor of the Negro race\" and explicitly linked his curse to be \"servant of servants\" to black priesthood denial. To support this idea, the article also discussed how Pharaoh, a descendant of Canaan according to LDS scripture, could not have the priesthood, because Noah \"cursed him as pertaining to the Priesthood\".\n\nIn 1978, when the church ended the ban on the priesthood, Bruce R. McConkie taught that the seed of Ham, Canaan, Egyptus and Pharaoh were no longer under the ancient curse. The 2002 Doctrine and Covenants Student Manual points to Abraham 1:21-27 as the reasoning behind the not giving black people the priesthood until 1978.\n\nAuthor David Persuitte has pointed out that it was commonplace in the 19th century for theologians, including Joseph Smith, to believe that the curse of Cain was exhibited by black skin, and that this genetic trait had descended through Noah's son Ham, who was understood to have married a black wife. Mormon historian Claudia Bushman also identifies doctrinal explanations for the exclusion of blacks, with one justification originating in papyrus rolls translated by Joseph Smith as the Book of Abraham, a passage of which links ancient Egyptian government to the cursed Ham through Pharaoh, Ham's grandson, who was \"of that lineage by which he could not have the right of priesthood\".\n\nConsequence of premortal existence\nAnother reason for racial restriction advanced by church leadership was called \"Mormon karma\" by historian Colin Kidd, and refers to the idea that skin color is perceived as evidence of righteousness (or lack thereof) in the premortal existence. The doctrine of premortal existence is described in the Encyclopedia of Mormonism in this way: \"to Latter-day Saints premortal life is characterized by individuality, agency, intelligence, and opportunity for eternal progression. It is a central doctrine of the theology of the Church and provides understanding to the age-old question 'Whence cometh man?'\" This idea is based on the opinions of several prominent church leaders, including long-time apostle and later church president Joseph Fielding Smith, who held the view that the premortal life had been a kind of testing ground for the assignment of God's spiritual children to favored or disfavored mortal lineages. Bushman has also noted Smith's long-time teachings that in a premortal war in heaven, blacks were considered to have been those spirits who did not fight as valiantly against Satan and who, as a result, received a lesser earthly stature, with such restrictions as being disqualified from holding the priesthood. In the early 1930s, George F. Richards noted that there was no official position, but argued that God wouldn't have assigned some of his children to be black if they hadn't done something wrong in the pre-existence. According to religious historian Craig Prentiss, the appeal to premortal existence was confirmed as doctrine through statements of the LDS First Presidency in 1949 and 1969.\n\nUnknown reasons\nIn 1969, the First Presidency said blacks did not have the priesthood \"for reasons which we believe are known to God\". When the ban was lifted in 1978, there was no official explanation for the racist language in Mormon scripture or whether the curse had been removed or had never existed. However, some church leaders made some statements. McConkie said that curse had been lifted and the previous statements made by himself and other church leaders on the subject were to be forgotten and that the focus of the gospel should be on current revelations. Church president Gordon B. Hinckley said the ban was not wrong, but there was a reason for it and that the revelation speaks for itself. Apostle Dallin H. Oaks said it wasn't the pattern of the Lord to give reasons.\n\nIn 2003, black LDS Church member Darron Smith wrote in Sunstone that many members held onto previous explanations about the ban because church leadership had not addressed the ban's origins.\n\nProtection from Hell\n\nBrigham Young University Religious Studies professor, Randy L. Bott, suggested that God denied the priesthood to black men in order to protect them from the lowest rung of hell, since one of few damnable sins is to abuse the exercise of the priesthood. Bott compared the priesthood ban to a parent denying young children the keys to the family car, stating: \"You couldn’t fall off the top of the ladder, because you weren’t on the top of the ladder. So, in reality the blacks not having the priesthood was the greatest blessing God could give them.\" In 2012 the official LDS Newsroom responded to Randy Bott's controversial statements sharing \"The positions attributed to BYU professor Randy Bott in a recent Washington Post article absolutely do not represent the teachings and doctrines of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.\"\n\nHuman error\nReferring to the priesthood ban, apostle Spencer W. Kimball said in 1963, \"The doctrine or policy has not varied in my memory. I know it could. I know the Lord could change his policy and release the ban and forgive the possible error which brought about the deprivation.\"\n\nIn 2013, the LDS Church put out an essay giving background on the racist environment in which the ban was formed and said the ban was based more on racism than revelation.\n\nTeachings about the priesthood ban\n\nDivinity of ban, Doctrine vs. Policy\n\nChurch leaders taught for decades that the priesthood ordination and temple ordinance ban was commanded by God. Brigham Young taught it was a \"true eternal principle the Lord Almighty has ordained.\" In 1949, the First Presidency (under George Albert Smith) officially stated that it was \"not a matter of the declaration of a policy but of direct commandment from the Lord\". A second First Presidency statement (this time under McKay) in 1969 reemphasized that this \"seeming discrimination by the Church towards the Negro is not something which originated with man; but goes back into the beginning with God\". As president of the church, Kimball also emphasized in a 1973 press conference that the ban was \"not my policy or the Church’s policy. It is the policy of the Lord who has established it.\" On the topic of doctrine and policy for the race ban lifting the apostle Dallin H. Oaks stated in 1988, \"I don’t know that it’s possible to distinguish between policy and doctrine in a church that believes in continuing revelation and sustains its leader as a prophet. ... I’m not sure I could justify the difference in doctrine and policy in the fact that before 1978 a person could not hold the priesthood and after 1978 they could hold the priesthood.\"\n\nWhen it was announced in the 1978 that the ban was reversed, Kimball wrote a letter saying that the Lord revealed \"that the long-promised day has come\". This was later canonized in LDS scripture as Official Declaration 2. McConkie said that the voice of God had said \"that the time had now come\", and that the entire First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve heard the same voice, and knew that the ancient curse had been lifted. In 1995, black church member A. David Jackson asked church leaders to issue a declaration repudiating that the ban was a direct commandment from the Lord. At first, the church refused.\n\nIn 2012, the church changed the preface to Official Declaration 2 to include these sentences regarding the priesthood ban: \"Church records offer no clear insights into the origins of this practice. Church leaders believed that a revelation from God was needed to alter this practice\". However, it did not specifically say what parts of the ban came from God and which did not. In 2013, the church published an essay which said that the ban had its roots more in racism than revelation. A 2016 landmark survey of 1,156 self-identified Latter-day Saints found that almost two-thirds of surveyed members reported believing the pre-1978 temple and priesthood ban was \"God's will\".\n\nDuration of ban\nBrigham Young taught that black men would not receive the priesthood until \"all the other descendants of Adam have received the promises and enjoyed the blessings of the priesthood and the keys thereof.\" But that meant that those who had been denied the priesthood would one day receive the priesthood and its related blessings. At another time, he stated \"that the time [would] come when they [would] have the privilege of all we have the privilege of and more.\"\n\nIn 1963, while discussing when the ban would be lifted, Joseph Fielding Smith told a reporter that \"such a change can come about only through divine revelation, and no one can predict when a divine revelation will occur.\"\n\nMormon apologetics author and lecturer John Lewis Lund wrote in 1967, \"Brigham Young revealed that the negro will not receive the priesthood until a great while after the second advent of Jesus Christ, whose coming will usher in a millennium of peace.\"\n\nWhen the restrictions were reversed in 1978, church president Kimball referred to it as \"the long-promised day\". Critics say that lifting the restriction before the resurrection is contrary to Young's 1854 and 1859 statements, while church apologists say that Brigham Young's statements meant that Africans could receive the priesthood after all other races were eligible to receive it, not all other individuals.\n\nStart of the ban\nUnder John Taylor's presidency (1880–87), there was confusion in the church regarding the origin of the racial restrictions. Zebedee Coltrin and Abraham O. Smoot provided conflicting testimony of whether or not Joseph Smith stated that Elijah Abel was allowed to hold the priesthood, though the veracity of their testimony is doubted. From this point on, many statements on the priesthood restriction were attributed to Joseph Smith; all such statements had actually been made by Brigham Young. The church taught that the ban originated with Joseph Smith, with the First Presidency declaring it so in 1947.\n\nIn 2013, the church issued a statement saying the ban seemed to have started with Brigham Young instead of Joseph Smith.\n\nHistory\n\nBefore 1847\n\nDuring the time Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement (1830–1844), was the leader, there were no official racial policies established in the Church of Christ. Black people were welcomed as members of the church and as evidence of the lack of official policy, in 1836, two black men were ordained priests: Elijah Abel and Walker Lewis. Before 1847 a handful of other black men were ordained to the priesthood. That same year, Abel went on to become a member of the Quorum of the Seventy and received a patriarchal blessing. Although there was no official policy, there is evidence that some black men were denied the priesthood during the Missouri period in order to appease slave owners in the area.\n\nSome researchers have suggested that the actions of Joseph T. Ball and William McCary led to Young's decision to adopt the priesthood ban in the LDS Church.\n\nJoseph T. Ball\n\nA native of Massachusetts, Joseph T. Ball was good friends with William Smith (Joseph Smith's younger brother). Because of his close connection to Smith, he began to engage in polygamy without the approval of Brigham Young. Although he continued to be involved in the practice of polygamy, he served as the branch president in Boston for a time, making him the first black person to preside over an LDS congregation. In August 1845, Ball was separated from the church because Young found out about his previous involvement with polygamy.\n\nWilliam McCary\n\nBecause of events that transpired in both Cincinnati, Ohio and Winter Quarters, Nebraska, McCary lost the favor of Young. McCary was a half-African American convert who, after his baptism and ordination to the priesthood, began to claim to be a prophet and the possessor of other supernatural gifts. At one point, he also claimed to be Adam of the Bible. He was excommunicated for apostasy in March 1847 and expelled from Winter Quarters. After his excommunication, McCary began attracting Latter Day Saint followers and instituted plural marriage among his group, and he had himself sealed to several white wives.\n\nMcCary's behavior angered many of the Latter Day Saints in Winter Quarters. Researchers have stated that his marriages to his white wives most likely had some influence on Young's decision to institute the priesthood and temple bans on black people. A statement from Young to McCary in March 1847 suggested that race had nothing to do with priesthood eligibility, but the earliest known statement about the priesthood restriction from any Mormon leader (including the implication that skin color might be relevant) was made by apostle Parley P. Pratt, a month after McCary was expelled from Winter Quarters. Speaking of McCary, Pratt stated that because he was a descendant of Ham, he was cursed with regards to the priesthood.\n\n1847–1880\nIn 1847, Brigham Young became the second president of the LDS Church. Like many during that time, Young promoted the discrimination of black people. On February 13, 1849, an early statement by Young about the history of the priesthood ban in the LDS Church was made. The statement was given in response to Lorenzo Snow's inquiry about how redemption would come about with regards to black people. Young responded by mentioning the Curse of Cain and said that a similar hierarchy of power that was put in place on Earth because of the curse would remain in the afterlife. Young would make many similar remarks during the rest of his presidency.\n\n1879 meeting at the Smoot residence \n\nOn May 31, 1879 a meeting was held at the residence of Provo mayor Abraham O. Smoot to discuss the conflicting versions of Joseph Smith's views on black men and the priesthood, in response to Elijah Abel's petition to be sealed to his recently deceased wife. Abel, a black male convert to the church, had held the priesthood since 1836, and was now requesting an opportunity to enter the temple. President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles John Taylor, his secretary L. John Nuttall, mayor Smoot, apostle Brigham Young, Jr. (son of the late prophet), and Zebedee Coltrin were in attendance. According to Nuttall, who detailed the meeting in his journal, Coltrin and Smoot made statements about all they could recollect Joseph Smith having ever said about black men and the priesthood.\n\nJohn Taylor recounted a story he had remembered, in which Coltrin had at one time remarked that black people should not have the priesthood, to which Smith had responded with the account of the Apostle Peter's vision in Acts 10, in which he was commanded by God to \"not call any man common or unclean\" and to teach the Gentiles despite being a Jew himself, implying that black men should have the priesthood. However, Coltrin denied that this conversation had ever taken place. The recorded minutes of the meeting do not make it clear where Taylor originally heard the story.\n\nSmoot—a Southerner from a line of slaveholder progenitors who had himself continued his practice of it in Utah—stated that he, Thomas B. Marsh, Warren Parrish, and David W. Patten had asked Joseph Smith in 1836 and 1838 if black men could have the priesthood. Joseph had told them that, while blacks could be baptized, including those who were enslaved (but solely with their master's consent), they could not hold the priesthood (it remains unclear, however, whether Smith was speaking regarding blacks still in bondage). According to Nuttall, Coltrin and Smoot both wrote down their respective accounts during the course of the meeting and signed their names to them. The brethren later adjourned but would, following a brief recess, resume their discussion within a few days' time.\n\nSome scholars of Mormon history describe the recollected statements given at the Smoot home in 1879 as \"apocryphal\" or, collectively, as \"an artifact [...] recorded forty-five years after the fact.\" In his biography of Abel, W. Kesler Jackson states that the two accounts given touching upon the doctrinal \"priesthood and race\" question contradict not only each other but also other historical records, just as the \"facts\" surrounding the actual priesthood ordination of Elijah Abel have long been contradictory, remaining for many years, until only recently, in a rather confused state.\n\n1880–1950\n\nUnder John Taylor's presidency (1880–87), there was confusion in the church regarding the origin of the racial restrictions. Elijah Abel, an African American, after all had been ordained to the priesthood in the days of Joseph Smith. Apostle Joseph F. Smith argued that Abel's priesthood had been declared null and void by Joseph Smith, though this seems to conflict with Joseph F. Smith's teachings that the priesthood could not be removed from any man without removing that man from the church. Zebedee Coltrin and Abraham O. Smoot provided conflicting testimony of whether or not Joseph Smith stated that Abel was allowed hold the priesthood, though the veracity of their testimony is doubted. From this point on, many statements on the priesthood restriction were attributed to Joseph Smith; all such statements had actually been made by Brigham Young.\n\nIn 1947 the First Presidency, consisting of George Albert Smith, J. Reuben Clark, and David O. McKay, in a private communication with Dr. Lowry Nelson, where Dr. Nelson questioned whether \"there is no irrevocable church doctrine on this subject [of blacks and the priesthood]\" the First Presidency stated:\n\nLater, reflecting on this exchange with the First Presidency, Dr. Nelson would say, \"I believe I was the first Mormon to protest the church policy with regard to blacks in a letter to the First Presidency of the church in 1947\" and in 1953 published the article \"Mormons and the Negro\", saying that \"This was the first [time] the non-Mormon world knew of this policy, and it was widely publicized through the Negro press.\"\n\nIn 1949, the First Presidency under the direction of George Albert Smith made a declaration which included the statement that the priesthood restriction was divinely commanded and not a matter of church policy. The declaration goes on to state that the conditions in which people are born on Earth are affected by their conduct in the premortal existence, although the details of the principle are said not to be known. It then says that the privilege of mortal existence is so great that spirits were willing to come to earth even though they would not be able to possess the priesthood. The mentioning of the curse of Cain began during this time period and took the place of previous justifications for the priesthood ban. The older arguments included the idea that black people were not as valiant in the pre-mortal life and that they had \"inherent inferiority.\"\n\n1951–1977\nIn 1954, church president David O. McKay taught: \"There is not now, and there never has been a doctrine in this church that the negroes are under a divine curse. There is no doctrine in the church of any kind pertaining to the negro. We believe that we have a scriptural precedent for withholding the priesthood from the negro. It is a practice, not a doctrine, and the practice someday will be changed. And that's all there is to it.\"\n\nIn 1969, church apostle Harold B. Lee and member of the First Presidency Alvin R. Dyer blocked the LDS Church from rescinding the racial restrictions. The idea that a unanimous decision through revelation was needed to change the policy was and is a widespread belief among LDS church leaders. Although many desired a change in the racial policy, they continued waiting for revelation concerning the matter.\n\nDavid O. McKay told several people about his struggles with the restrictions, including Mildred Calderwood McKay, Marion D. Hanks, Lola Gygi Timmins, and Richard Jackson. Jackson quotes McKay as saying: \"I'm badgered constantly about giving the priesthood to the Negro. I've inquired of the Lord repeatedly. The last time I did it was late last night. I was told, with no discussion, not to bring the subject up with the Lord again; that the time will come, but it will not be my time, and to leave the subject alone.\"\n\nOn December 15, 1969, members of the First Presidency, Hugh B. Brown and N. Eldon Tanner (President McKay was 96 years old and incapacitated at that time, passing away the next month), released a First Presidency Statement, \"Letter of First Presidency Clarifies Church's Position on the Negro\" stating\n\nIn her book, Contemporary Mormonism, Claudia Bushman describes the pain that was caused by the racial restrictions of the church. This struggle was felt both to black worshipers, who sometimes found themselves segregated and ostracized, and white members who were embarrassed by the exclusionary practices and who occasionally apostatized over the issue.\n\nIn 1971, three African-American Mormon men petitioned then–church president Joseph Fielding Smith to consider ways to keep black families involved in the church and also re-activate the descendants of black pioneers. As a result, Smith directed three apostles to meet with the men on a weekly basis until, on October 19, 1971, an organization called the Genesis Group was established as an auxiliary unit of LDS Church to meet the needs of black Mormons. The first president of the Genesis Group was Ruffin Bridgeforth, who also became the first black Latter Day Saint to be ordained a high priest after the priesthood ban was lifted later in the decade.\n\nHarold B. Lee, president of the church, stated in 1972: \"For those who don't believe in modern revelation there is no adequate explanation. Those who do understand revelation stand by and wait until the Lord speaks .... It's only a matter of time before the black achieves full status in the Church. We must believe in the justice of God. The black will achieve full status, we're just waiting for that time.\"\n\nAlthough not refuting his belief that the restrictions came from the Lord, apostle Spencer W. Kimball acknowledged in 1963 that it could have been brought about through an error on man's part. In 1963, he said, \"The doctrine or policy has not varied in my memory. I know it could. I know the Lord could change his policy and release the ban and forgive the possible error which brought about the deprivation.\"\n\nRacial restrictions end in 1978\n\nIn the 1970s, LDS Church president Spencer W. Kimball took General Conference on the road, holding area and regional conferences all over the world. He also announced many new temples to be built both in the United States and abroad, including one temple in São Paulo, Brazil. The problem of determining priesthood eligibility in Brazil was thought to be nearly impossible due to the mixing of the races in that country. When the temple was announced, church leaders realized the difficulty of restricting persons with African descent from attending the temple in Brazil.\n\nOn June 8, 1978, the First Presidency released to the press an official declaration, now a part of Doctrine and Covenants, which contained the following statement:\n\nHe has heard our prayers, and by revelation has confirmed that the long-promised day has come when every faithful, worthy man in the church may receive the Holy Priesthood, with power to exercise its divine authority, and enjoy with his loved ones every blessing that follows there from, including the blessings of the temple. Accordingly, all worthy male members of the church may be ordained to the priesthood without regard for race or color. Priesthood leaders are instructed to follow the policy of carefully interviewing all candidates for ordination to either the Aaronic or the Melchizedek Priesthood to insure that they meet the established standards for worthiness.\n\nAccording to first-person accounts, after much discussion among the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles on this matter, they engaged the Lord in prayer. According to the writing of Bruce R. McConkie, \"It was during this prayer that the revelation came. The Spirit of the Lord rested upon us all; we felt something akin to what happened on the day of Pentecost and at the Kirtland Temple. From the midst of eternity, the voice of God, conveyed by the power of the Spirit, spoke to his prophet. The message was that the time had now come to offer the fullness of the everlasting gospel, including celestial marriage, and the priesthood, and the blessings of the temple, to all men, without reference to race or color, solely on the basis of personal worthiness. And we all heard the same voice, received the same message, and became personal witnesses that the word received was the mind and will and voice of the Lord.\" Immediately after the receipt of this new revelation, an official announcement of the revelation was prepared, and sent out to all of the various leaders of the Church. It was then read to, approved by, and accepted as the word and will of the Lord, by a General Conference of the Church in October 1978. Succeeding editions of the Doctrine and Covenants were printed with this announcement canonized and entitled \"Official Declaration 2\".\n\nApostle Gordon B. Hinckley (a participant in the meetings to reverse the ban), in a churchwide fireside said, \"Not one of us who was present on that occasion was ever quite the same after that. Nor has the Church been quite the same. All of us knew that the time had come for a change and that the decision had come from the heavens. The answer was clear. There was perfect unity among us in our experience and in our understanding.\"\n\nThe announcement about the removal of the priesthood ban was issued to the public in the weekly Church News supplement to the Deseret News, which also included admonitions from Kimball not to \"cross racial lines in dating and marrying\".\n\nOn June 11, 1978, three days after the announcement of the revelation, Joseph Freeman, a member of the church since 1973, became the first black man to be ordained to the office of elder in the Melchizedek priesthood since the ban was lifted, while several others were ordained into the Aaronic priesthood that same day.\n\nLater in 1978, McConkie called to repentance all those who questioned the revelations received by the prophet with regards to the priesthood ban. He went on to clarify that previous statements made by himself and other church leaders on the subject were to be forgotten and that the focus of the gospel should be on current revelations.\n\nCritics of the LDS Church state that the church's 1978 reversal of the racial restrictions was not divinely inspired as the church claimed, but simply a matter of political convenience, as the reversal of restrictions occurred as the church began to expand outside the United States into countries such as Brazil. These countries have ethnically mixed populations, and the reversal was announced just a few months before the church opened its new temple in São Paulo, Brazil.\n\n1978 to 2013\nSince the Revelation on the Priesthood in 1978, the church has made no distinctions in policy for black people, but it remains an issue for many black members of the church. Alvin Jackson, a black bishop in the LDS Church, puts his focus on \"moving forward rather than looking back.\" In an interview with Mormon Century, Jason Smith expresses his viewpoint that the membership of the church was not ready for black people to have the priesthood in the early years of the church, because of prejudice and slavery. He draws analogies to the Bible where only the Israelites have the gospel.\n\nIn a 1997 TV interview, President Gordon B. Hinckley was asked whether the church was wrong to deny the priesthood. He responded, \"No, I don't think it was wrong. It, things, various things happened in different periods. There's a reason for them.\"\n\nIn April 2006 in a general conference talk President Gordon B. Hinckley, the president of the LDS Church, had called racism \"ugly\" and a sin that any guilty of needed to repent from.\n\nIn 1995, black church member A. David Jackson asked church leaders to issue a declaration repudiating past doctrines that denied various privileges to black people. In particular, Jackson asked the church to disavow the 1949 \"Negro Question\" declaration from the church Presidency which stated that \"the attitude of the church with reference to negroes ... is not a matter of the declaration of a policy but of direct commandment from the Lord ... to the effect that negroes ... are not entitled to the priesthood.\"\n\nThe church leadership did not issue a repudiation, and so in 1997 Jackson, aided by other church members including Armand Mauss, sent a second request to church leaders, which stated that white Mormons felt that the 1978 revelation resolved everything, but that black Mormons react differently when they learn the details. He said that many black Mormons become discouraged and leave the church or become inactive. \"When they find out about this, they exit... You end up with the passive African Americans in the church.\"\n\nOther black church members think giving an apology would be a \"detriment\" to church work and a catalyst to further racial misunderstanding. African-American church member Bryan E. Powell says, \"There is no pleasure in old news, and this news is old.\" Gladys Newkirk agrees, stating, \"I've never experienced any problems in this church. I don't need an apology. . . . We're the result of an apology.\" The large majority of black Mormons say they are willing to look beyond the previous teachings and remain with the church in part because of its powerful, detailed teachings on life after death.\n\nChurch president Hinckley told the Los Angeles Times: \"The 1978 declaration speaks for itself ... I don't see anything further that we need to do.\" Apostle Dallin H. Oaks said:\n\nIt's not the pattern of the Lord to give reasons. We can put reasons to commandments. When we do we're on our own. Some people put reasons to [the ban] and they turned out to be spectacularly wrong. There is a lesson in that .... The lesson I've drawn from that, I decided a long time ago that I had faith in the command and I had no faith in the reasons that had been suggested for it .... I'm referring to reasons given by general authorities and reasons elaborated upon [those reasons] by others. The whole set of reasons seemed to me to be unnecessary risk taking .... Let's [not] make the mistake that's been made in the past, here and in other areas, trying to put reasons to revelation. The reasons turn out to be man-made to a great extent. The revelations are what we sustain as the will of the Lord and that's where safety lies.\n\n2013 to present\nOn December 6, 2013, the LDS Church published an essay entitled \"Race and the Priesthood\" on its official website. The essay stated that \"there is no evidence that any black men were denied the priesthood during Joseph Smith's lifetime,\" but that the priesthood restrictions were first publicly introduced by Brigham Young, noting the racism of the era that influenced his thinking. The essay went on to declare that \"Today the Church disavows the theories advanced in the past that black skin is a sign of divine disfavor or curse, or that it reflects actions in a premortal life that mixed-race marriages are a sin; or that blacks or people of any other race or ethnicity are inferior in any way to anyone else. Church leaders today unequivocally condemn all racism, past and present, in any form.\"\n\nWhile the essay was approved by the First Presidency, it was not written by them. As of 2015, it has never been mentioned, alluded to, or footnoted in speeches by LDS authorities at the faith's biannual General Conferences. Many members remain unaware of the essays and some hold to racist beliefs that had been taught in the past.\n\nAccording to Richard Bushman, a Mormon historian, the essay removes the revelatory significance of the ban. He states that it requires a reorientation of Mormon thinking, since \"it brings into question all of the prophet's inspiration.\" Critics of the church argue that it could call into question other revelations of the prophets.\n\nAlthough the priesthood restrictions existed historically, the LDS Church reports continued significant growth in church membership in Africa, with growth from 318,947 members in 2010 to 578,310 in 2018. As of 2019, there are two church general authorities of African descent, and another general authority of Melanesian (Fijian) descent.\n\nIn response to a 2016 survey of self-identified Mormons, over 60 percent expressed that they either know (37 percent) or believe (25.5 percent) that the priesthood/temple ban was God's will, with another 17 percent expressing that it might be true, and 22 percent saying they know or believe it is false.\n\nSee also\n\n1978 Revelation on Priesthood\nBlack people and early Mormonism\nInterracial marriage and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\nCriticism of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\nGenesis Group\nJoseph Freeman (Mormon)\nMormonism and Pacific Islanders\n\nReferences\n\nFootnotes\n\nPrimary sources\n\n.\n\nSecondary sources\n\n.\n\n.\n\n.\n\n.\n\n Stewart, John J. Mormonism and the Negro Salt Lake City, Utah:1960 Bookmark Complete text of the 1960 bookMormonism and the Negro by John J. Stewart, a defense of the former LDS policy of denying the Mormon Priesthood to people of African ancestry:\n\nFurther reading\n .\n Lester E. Bush, Jr. and Armand L. Mauss, eds., Neither White nor Black: Mormon Scholars Confront the Race Issue in a Universal Church, Signature Books, 1984\n\nExternal links\n blacklds.org an independent site (not owned or operated by the LDS Church) maintained by Latter-day Saints\n\nPeople of African descent\nBrigham Young\nCriticism of Mormonism\nHistory of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\nMormonism and race\nLatter Day Saint ordinances, rituals, and symbolism\nThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Africa" ]

[ "Nightcrawler (comics)", "Returning to the X-Men", "When did Nightcrawler return to the X-Men?", "Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet,", "Why did Excalibur disband?", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "priesthood, Nightcrawler shares team leadership with Archangel.", "Who is Archangel?", "I don't know.", "Who was in the priesthood?", "his work as a priest is retconned to be an illusion; he had, in fact, never attained priesthood." ]

[ "This is a complete list of National Basketball Association players who have blocked 10 or more shots in a game.\n\n44 players have blocked 10 or more shots in a game. It has occurred 160 times (including the playoffs) in NBA history. Mark Eaton accomplished the feat more times than anyone else in league history (19), followed by Manute Bol (18). Eaton, Hakeem Olajuwon, and Andrew Bynum are the only players to block 10 or more shots in a playoff game, with Bynum being the only player to do so with a victory.\n\nThe NBA did not record blocked shots until the 1973–74 season.\n\nSee also\nNBA regular season records\nList of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 13 or more blocks in a game\n\nReferences\n\nSporting News, The (2005). 2005–06 Official NBA Guide.\n\nBlocks", "\"Anyone Else\" is a song by British singer-songwriter Matt Cardle, co-written by Cardle with Jeff Halatrax. It was released as the second single from his second studio album, The Fire, on 31 December 2012. For the radio version the vocals were reworked slightly, with extra backing vocals added on the last chorus, however this version was not made available to buy. With limited national radio support and no release separate from the album digital download, which was already available, it is perhaps unsurprising that the song did not chart.\n\nBackground\nCardle wrote the song in Los Angeles and it was recorded at Canvas Studios in London and Studio 217 in Los Angeles. Cardle says the song is about \"not being able to make up my mind whether I want to sleep around or not!\" and \"To be with that one person that really means something to you.\" He says it the poppiest track on the album and describes it as \"hooky, it's funky, it's a little more colourful\".\n\nA music video to accompany the song was premiered on YouTube on 4 December 2012, at a total length of three minutes and twenty six seconds. The video was filmed at the Playhouse Theatre in London and features Cardle performing the song on the stage with his band members, as if a rehearsal for a show, with just his girlfriend watching. As the song progresses, Cardle sees the band members appearing to transform into attractive women trying to seduce him.\n\nPromotion\nCardle first performed \"Anyone Else\" on British television programme Daybreak, on 13 December 2012, followed by a performance on Loose Women on 4 January 2013. He then performed it on Irish entertainment programme The Saturday Night Show, on 26 January 2013.\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\nMatt Cardle songs\n2012 singles\nSongs written by Matt Cardle\n2012 songs", "Marcus Popillius Laenas was a Roman statesman.\n\nHe was praetor in 176 BC. He did not go to his province of Sardinia because he did not want to upset the success that the propraetor, Titus Aebutius, was enjoying. A new leader would need time to get acquainted with the situation and thus precious time would be lost.\n\nHe was consul for the year 173 BC, together with Lucius Postumius Albinus. Popillius went to his province and started fighting a tribe of Ligurians in Northern Italy, the Statellati. He fought a bloody battle at the town of Carystum, which came to a conclusion when Popillius sent in the cavalry that broke through the Ligurian lines. The cavalry then slew many of the men trying to flee to the city. The Romans killed 10,000 Ligurians and took 700 prisoner while losing 3,000 themselves. The remaining Ligurians, thinking that Popillius would be lenient, surrendered themselves. Popillius, however, destroyed their town and sold them and their property. The Senate was outraged when it heard of the treatment shown to a people who had not taken up arms against Rome and were attacked without provocation. The Senate demanded that Popillius restore the Ligurians to their homes and property. Popillius was himself outraged and refused to obey the Senate's commands. He returned to Rome and attacked the Senate for their actions. He claimed that it should have given him a thanksgiving instead of ordering him to return his spoils to his victims. Many senators again attacked him and his actions so Popillius returned to his province having failed to gain the support of the Senate. The following year, Popillius continued his aggressions against the Statellati killing 6,000 more in battle. His actions caused the rest of the Ligurians to rise up in arms. In response the Senate passed a decree that anyone hindering the return of the Statellati to their freedom would face trial. Popillius refused to return to Rome until a tribune of the plebs promised to bring him to trial in absentia. Popillius was tried, but the trial came to nothing due to the influence of his brother, the consul for the year, and other Popillii.\n\nDespite his actions against the Ligurians, Popillius was later elected censor with Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum in 159 BC.\n\nReferences\n\nAncient Roman generals\nRoman Republican praetors\n2nd-century BC Roman consuls\nRoman censors\nLaenas, Marcus" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)" ]

[ "The discography of Good Charlotte, an American pop punk band, consists of seven studio albums, two live albums, two extended plays, 28 singles, 34 music videos and three music DVDs.\n\nGood Charlotte released their self-titled debut album, Good Charlotte, in September 2000 with the single \"Little Things\", which peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. Two more singles were released from the album: \"The Motivation Proclamation\" and \"Festival Song\". Their second album The Young and the Hopeless was released in 2002. The album produced five singles: \"Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous\", \"The Anthem\", \"Girls & Boys\", \"The Young & the Hopeless\" and \"Hold On\". The album went on to receive a triple platinum certification from the RIAA. In October 2004, the band released their third studio album The Chronicles of Life and Death. Singles released from the album include \"Predictable\", \"I Just Wanna Live\", \"The Chronicles of Life and Death\" and \"We Believe\". Their fourth album, Good Morning Revival, was released in March 2007 and produced the singles \"The River\", \"Keep Your Hands off My Girl\" and \"Dance Floor Anthem (I Don't Want to Be in Love)\". Their fifth album, Cardiology, was released on November 2, 2010. \"Like It's Her Birthday\" was released as the first single from the album, followed by \"Sex on the Radio\" and \"Last Night\".\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nLive albums\n\nExtended plays\n\nSingles\n\nNotes\n\nA. \"Little Things\", \"Predictable\", and \"Like It's Her Birthday\" peaked outside of the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, therefore they are listed on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart at number 16, 6 and 14 respectively.\n\nVideo albums\n\nMusic videos\n\nReferences\nCitations\n\nSources\n\n \n \n\nGood Charlotte\nDiscographies of American artists\nPop punk group discographies", "The Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles video game series consists of Crystal Chronicles, a spin-off of the main Final Fantasy series, its sequels My Life as a King and My Life as a Darklord, and their spin-offs, Ring of Fates, Echoes of Time and The Crystal Bearers. Crystal Chronicles, Ring of Fates, and Echoes of Time have had released soundtrack albums to date, and Crystal Chronicles and Ring of Fates each have an associated single. Kumi Tanioka is the main composer for the series, having composed the three released soundtracks as well as the music for My Life as a King and My Life as a Darklord. Hidenori Iwasaki is filling that role for The Crystal Bearers. Nobuo Uematsu, the main composer for the regular Final Fantasy series, contributed one track to the Ring of Fates soundtrack. Yae and Donna Burke sang the Japanese and English versions of the theme song for Crystal Chronicles, respectively, while Aiko sang the theme song for Ring of Fates.\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles Original Soundtrack was released by Pony Canyon in 2003, as was its single, \"Kaze no Ne\", and a promotional album Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles - A Musical Journey. Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates Original Soundtrack and the double A-side \"Hoshi no Nai Sekai\"/\"Yokogao\" were released by Pony Canyon in 2007. The latest release is that of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time Original Soundtrack by Square Enix in 2009. All the albums and the singles received generally positive reviews, although the Crystal Chronicles album was the most universally appreciated of the three soundtracks. Unlike the soundtracks to the numbered Final Fantasy games, no compositions from the Crystal Chronicles soundtracks have appeared in any compilation albums produced by Square Enix or any official Final Fantasy concerts. \"Morning Sky\", the opening theme for Crystal Chronicles, was played in the first Games in Concert performance in Utrecht, Netherlands on November 26, 2006.\n\nCreation and influence \n\nKumi Tanioka has described the musical style for the soundtrack to Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles as being based on \"ancient instruments\". She says that the idea came to her while looking at illustrations of the game world, which gave her the idea of making \"world music\", where the tracks would \"not [be] limited to a single country or culture\". She also credits Hidenori Iwasaki, the synthesizer operator for the game, with doing \"fantastic technical work\" that brought her vision to life. For the soundtrack to Ring of Fates, Tanioka purposefully did not focus on \"world music\", instead focusing on \"creating a new landscape containing the same atmosphere\". The piano performances in the Ring of Fates soundtrack were done by Kumi Tanioka. She did the performances herself rather than use an outside performer as most Final Fantasy soundtracks have done primarily because she \"likes to play piano\", and were done without any sheet music, as she preferred instead to improvise. She took extensive piano lessons as a child, and lists piano and choral music as the biggest influences on her musical style. She also claims to have been influenced by music from a wide variety of cultures, such as Indonesian, Irish and Balinese music. She did not compose the soundtrack for The Crystal Bearers; this role was instead performed by Hidenori Iwasaki.\n\nTanioka has said that in composing the soundtrack for Echoes of Time she tried to \"paint the world in an ethnic manner once again\". She has said that she tried throughout the soundtracks of the first four Crystal Chronicles games to \"maintain a common atmosphere between each installment, [but] always introduce a new concept\". With Echoes of Time Tanioka wanted to go back to the \"tribal\" concept of the original Crystal Chronicles. She has said in regards to the soundtrack that \"instead of the traditional sound endemic to the specific areas, I wanted to use them as one flavor and blend many colors just like Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles\" and that many of the tracks she created would be \"actually impossible to perform\" in real life.\n\nAlbums\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles Original Soundtrack \n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles Original Soundtrack is the soundtrack album of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles, containing the majority of the musical tracks from the game, and was composed by Kumi Tanioka. It was released on the Pony Canyon label on August 20, 2003. The album did not include the English versions of the opening song, \"Sound of the Wind\" and the ending theme, \"Moonless Starry Night\", all sung by Donna Burke. The style of the music on this album is not defined, but was described by Kumi Tanioka as being based on \"ancient instruments\". The soundtrack has extensive use of many medieval and Renaissance musical instruments such as the recorder, the crumhorn and the lute, creating a distinctively rustic feel, and also follows the practices and styles of medieval music. The soundtrack spans 52 tracks over 2 discs, covering a duration of 2:11:38, and has the catalog number PCCG-00613.\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: A Musical Journey was a European promotional album which was given alongside the game on March 11, 2004 if the game had been pre-ordered. It contains six tracks from the soundtrack, including \"Kaze no Ne\" in both Japanese and English, the only time the English version has been released. It was published by Nintendo of Europe, and covers a duration of 17:37.\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles Original Soundtrack sold over 5,800 copies. It was well received; Daniel Space of RPGFan praised it, saying that \"the music is fun, extremely well written and interesting to hear\". He enjoyed the alternative instruments used in the tunes, calling them \"successful in providing imagery of renaissance times\", although he felt that much more of them would have begun to drag the soundtrack down. Chris of Square Enix Music Online also enjoyed the soundtrack, although he noted that it was \"not for everyone\". He did, however, feel that the constant use of Renaissance-themed music resulted in a \"lack of diversity of styles\" that made several of the tracks \"bland and indistinctive\". Jared of Square Enix Music Online was more enthusiastic about the soundtrack, terming it \"a stunning soundtrack full of feeling and emotion\" and praising its \"unique\" style. As a promotional album, Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles - A Musical Journey was not as noted by critics. Jared felt that it was \"a decent look into the soundtrack of Crystal Chronicles\", but not as good of a sampler disc as it could have been due to the track selection.\n\nTrack listing\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates Original Soundtrack \nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates Original Soundtrack is the soundtrack album of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates, containing all of the musical tracks from the game, and was composed and produced by Kumi Tanioka. The ending theme song for the game, , was sung by Aiko, though it was not included in the album, and Nobuo Uematsu contributed one track to the soundtrack. The soundtrack continues the musical theme of \"ancient instruments\" prevalent in the Crystal Chronicles soundtrack, but additionally incorporates more modern orchestral instruments such as string and horn pieces. The tracks on the album cover a wide range of emotional themes, from \"joyful and whimsical tracks\" to \"lugubrious emotional tracks\" to \"bombastic battle tracks\". In keeping with the lighthearted nature of the game, any darker-themed tracks are exaggerated to make them less serious. The soundtrack spans 57 tracks, covering a duration of 1:16:06. It was released on September 19, 2007 in Japan by Square Enix bearing the catalog number SQEX-10101. The single for Hoshi no Nai Sekai, released in 2007, sold 112,000 copies and reached #2 on the Oricon singles chart.\n\nRing of Fates was well received by reviewers; Neal Chandran of RPGFan, although finding the original soundtrack to be \"bland\", felt that the Crystal Chronicles soundtrack was \"quite varied, exciting, and dare I say really freaking good\" and praised the variety of styles and moods of the tracks. Chris was also enthusiastic about the soundtrack, praising it as \"one of the finest accompaniments to a Final Fantasy game ever produced\". He noted, however, that the soundtrack works best as a \"flowing\" work or accompaniment to the game, with a lack of individual tracks that stood out as memorable. Don of Square Enix Music Online was much harsher towards the soundtrack, terming it an \"extremely underwhelming album\". He disapproved of the change from the medieval instrumentation to a more orchestral score, and felt that the pieces had much less emotional intensity than the Crystal Chronicles soundtrack.\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time Original Soundtrack \nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time Original Soundtrack is the soundtrack album of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time, containing the majority of the musical tracks from the game, and was composed by Kumi Tanioka. It was released by Square Enix on February 18, 2009. Like previous Crystal Chronicles soundtracks, Echoes incorporates a variety of instruments, including oboes, xylophones, marimbas and Latin guitars. Unlike the previous Crystal Chronicles soundtracks, the Echoes does not include a theme song. The soundtrack spans 51 tracks over 2 discs, covering a duration of 2:07:30, and has the catalog numbers SQEX-10137~8.\n\nTrack listing\n\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Crystal Bearers Original Soundtrack \nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Crystal Bearers Original Soundtrack is the soundtrack album of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Crystal Bearers, containing the majority of the musical tracks from the game, composed by Hidenori Iwasaki and Ryo Yamazaki, with the vocal talent of Donna Burke. The soundtrack spans 70 tracks over 2 discs.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPiano Collections\nOn April 7, 2021, Square Enix released Piano Collections Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles to correspond with the release of the remastered edition of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles. The ten-track, 40:38 album contains piano arrangements by Kumi Tanioka of her compositions for the game, performed by Tanioka with accompaniment by Yui Morishita on four duets. Patrick Gann of RPGFan heavily praised the album, particularly the duets.\n\nSingles\n\nKaze no Ne \n\n is the opening song of Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles, composed by Kumi Tanioka and performed by Yae. It was released as a single by Pony Canyon, featuring the \"Kaze No Ne\" song, an arranged version, and two other songs by Yae from her album Blue Line, \"Carol (scat)\" and . The single was released on July 30, 2003, has a length of 14:12, and has a catalog number of PCCA-01915. While \"Kaze No Ne\" follows the medieval theme of the rest of the Crystal Chronicles soundtrack, the arranged version is a more \"produced\" techno-sounding track. The two unrelated tracks are vocal and instrumental pieces, with \"Carol\" as a scat song, and \"Flower of Love\" more of a slower \"ethnic/world\" piece.\n\nPatrick Gann of RPGFan called \"Kaze no Ne\" one of the few singles he had purchased that was \"worth holding onto\". He described all of the tracks as \"beautiful\", and felt that the arranged version of \"Sound of the Wind\" was \"charming and enigmatic\". Dave of Square Enix Music Online concurred, calling the single \"a potentially excellent addition to anyone's discography\". He described Yae's voice as \"angelic\" \"mature\" and \"fresh\" and summed up the album as \"a definitive Yae experience accessible to game music fans\".\n\nHoshi no Nai Sekai / Yokogao \n\"Hoshi no Nai Sekai\"/\"Yokogao\" is double A-side containing the theme song to Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates , as well as two original tracks, and , and instrumental versions of \"A World Without Stars\" and \"Profile\". The single is performed by Aiko. All of the songs are primarily focused on the vocals along with piano and electric guitar accompaniments. \"A World Without Stars\" is a primarily piano-based song with lyrics in Japanese, while \"Profile\" and \"Love\" are mid-tempo pop songs. The album was released on August 22, 2007 by Pony Canyon, covers a duration of 24:40, and has the catalog number PCCA-02546.\n\nNeal Chandran approved of \"Hoshi no Nai Sekai\" / \"Yokogao\", finding it to be enjoyable despite its short length. He felt that \"A World Without Stars\" was a \"terrific piece, and that the other two songs, while \"not as strong\", were \"still decent tracks that were easy on the ears\", and approved of the instrumental versions included in the single. Don also appreciated the soundtrack, calling it \"a nice choice\" and saying that it \"complements a rather weak original soundtrack\". He felt that the balance in the songs between the piano and electric guitar was well done.\n\nLegacy \nUnlike the soundtracks to the numbered Final Fantasy games, no songs from the Crystal Chronicles soundtracks have appeared in any compilation albums produced by Square Enix. Songs from the series have also not appeared in any of the official Final Fantasy music concerts, although \"Morning Sky\" from the Crystal Chronicles soundtrack was played in the first Games in Concert performance in Utrecht, Netherlands on November 26, 2006. It was performed by Floor Jansen of the band After Forever and the Metropole Orchestra.\n\nSee also\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official Kumi Tanioka Site\n Official Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles Original Soundtrack home page at Pony Canyon\n Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Ring of Fates Original Soundtrack home page at Square Enix\n\nCrystal Chronicles\nFinal Fantasy Crystal Chronicles" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)", "was the Chronicles of life and death an album?", "Good Charlotte's third album, The Chronicles of Life and Death, was released by Epic Records in 2004." ]

[ "Lena Rice defeated May Jacks 6–4, 6–1 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1889 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Blanche Hillyard did not defend her title. Despite previous draws there were only four competitors in the tournament, the smallest entry ever for any competition at Wimbledon.\n\nDraw\n\nAll Comers'\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nLadies' Singles\nWimbledon Championship by year – Women's singles\nWimbledon Championships - Singles\nWimbledon Championships - Singles", "\"If There's Any Justice\" is the first single taken from British R&B singer Lemar's second album, Time to Grow (2004). Originally offered to Hear'Say, the song was rejected by the group after they decided it was \"too mature\" for them. It would eventually become a top-10 hit for Lemar, peaking at 3 on the UK Singles Chart, his fourth in a row to reach the top 10. Outside the UK, the song reached No. 1 in Hungary and entered the top 40 in France, Ireland, and New Zealand.\n\nLyrical content\nThe lyrics refer to Lemar being in love with a girl who already has a man. He claims that if he had met her first, he would be her man instead. He is making it clear in the song that he feels that there is no justice in the world because of this fact.\n\nCover versions\nDutch singer Floortje Smit covered the song—retitled \"Justice\"—for her debut album \"Fearless\". James Blunt performed an acoustic version of the song on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge (part of Jo Wiley's show), later released on the compilation album \"Radio 1's Live Lounge\".\n\nTrack listings\n UK CD1\n \"If There's Any Justice\" (radio edit) – 3:29\n \"If There's Any Justice\" (Ron G remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:55\n\n UK CD2\n \"If There's Any Justice\" (album version) – 3:49\n \"If There's Any Justice\" (5am remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:34\n \"All I Ever Do/My Boo (Part II)\" – 4:12\n \"If There's Any Justice\" (video) – 3:49\n\n UK 12-inch vinyl\nA1. \"If There's Any Justice\" (Kardinal Beats remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:34\nA2. \"If There's Any Justice\" (Ron G remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:53\nA3. \"If There's Any Justice\" (Cutfather & Joe remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:17\nB1. \"If There's Any Justice\" (5am remix featuring Cassidy) – 3:34\nB2. \"If There's Any Justice\" (First Man remix) – 3:30\nB3. \"If There's Any Justice\" (accapella) – 3:40\n\nCharts and certifications\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\n2004 singles\n2004 songs\nLemar songs\nNumber-one singles in Hungary\nSongs written by Mick Leeson\nSongs written by Peter Vale\nSony Music UK singles" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)", "was the Chronicles of life and death an album?", "Good Charlotte's third album, The Chronicles of Life and Death, was released by Epic Records in 2004.", "were there any singles?", "The only single from The Chronicles of Life and Death which managed to chart on the U.S. Hot 100 was the hit \"I Just Wanna Live\"." ]

[ "Strange Fruit is the second solo album by Trijntje Oosterhuis and was released on 22 March 2004 on Blue Note records. Trijntje's solo debut album was well received, and consisted mainly of pop ballads not reflective of her personal fondness for jazz.\n\nDuring 2003 Trijntje made a tour with the Amsterdam Sinfonietta and the Houdini's playing covers of Billie Holiday and George Gershwin. Trijntje decided to record the 7 January 2003 concert in the Concertzaal in Tilburg and the 8 January 2003 concert in Stadsgehoorzaal in Leiden and release it as an album. The album was named after Billie Holiday's song \"Strange Fruit.\"\n\nStrange Fruit was very well received, received critical acclaim, with Trijntje gaining notoriety beyond The Netherlands. It was released outside the Netherlands under the artist name Traincha. The album has been certified two times Platinum and peaked at number 2 on the Dutch album charts.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official site\n\nTrijntje Oosterhuis albums\n2004 live albums\nBlue Note Records live albums", "Post Paradise is the debut album by Australian band The Holidays. In Australia, it was released on 24 September 2010, and in Japan in January 2011 on the Rallye Label. Among other accolades, The Holidays won the Australian Music Prize's Red Bull Award for Best Debut Album, as well as being shortlisted for the actual Australian Music Prize.\n\nRecorded at home and self-produced, with additional recording and production at BJB Studios, Post Paradise was mixed at Sing Sing Studios in Melbourne by Tony Espie and mastered by David Walker at Stepford Audio Melbourne. Recording began in September 2009, and was completed sporadically throughout most of 2010, finishing in June 2010.\n\nThe first single from the album \"Moonlight Hours\" was released in December 2009, followed by \"Golden Sky\" in May 2010 and Broken Bones upon the release of the album. A music video was made for all three tracks, and they all received solid airplay on Australian community radio stations and Triple J.\n\nThe album has received positive reviews since its release, including \"Album of the Week\" in Drum Media, Beat Magazine, The Brag, and received 5 stars in BMA Mag, 4.5 stars in The Herald Sun, The Courier Mail and The Daily Telegraph as well as positive reviews in The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald. Post Paradise won Album of the Year in the EG Awards 2010, and was the Triple J Feature Album for the week commencing 26 December 2010. It also won Best Debut Album in the Australian Music Prize's Red Bull Award.\n\nThe Holidays completed a national album tour following the release of Post Paradise, in late September/early October 2010 in Australia.\n\nFourth single \"6am\" was added to radio nationwide in early January 2011, whilst track \"2 Days\" was picked up by Triple J in early 2011.\n\nTrack listing\n\niTunes/Japanese release bonus tracks\n\nExternal links\n Official website\n MySpace\n Liberation Music\n\nReferences\n\n2010 albums\nThe Holidays albums" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)", "was the Chronicles of life and death an album?", "Good Charlotte's third album, The Chronicles of Life and Death, was released by Epic Records in 2004.", "were there any singles?", "The only single from The Chronicles of Life and Death which managed to chart on the U.S. Hot 100 was the hit \"I Just Wanna Live\".", "was the album well received?", "The album received mixed reactions from both the music press and Good Charlotte's fan base." ]

[ "My So-Called Life is the second and final album by the Chicago-based nu metal music group From Zero. The album was released on May 6, 2003 via Arista Records. Due to a lack of promotion by Arista Records, poor reviews, and general changes in mainstream music tastes, the album did not sell many copies. The album features a cover of Phil Collins' \"I Don't Care Anymore\".\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nJett – vocals, bass\nPete Capizzi – guitar, backing vocals\nJoe Pettinato – guitar\nKid – drums\n\nReferences\n\n2003 albums\nFrom Zero albums\nArista Records albums", "How You Sell Soul to a Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul??? is the tenth studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy, released August 7, 2007 on Slam Jamz Recordings in the United States. Its release coincided with the 20th anniversary of their career. The album debuted at number 49 on Independent Albums chart, and it received generally positive reviews from most music critics, based on an aggregate score of 71/100 from Metacritic. Music critic Robert Christgau named How You Sell Soul to a Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul??? his second favorite album that didn't make Rolling Stone's Top 50 albums of 2007. In September 2012 the album finally entered the UK chart at number 199, followed by success of the top 5 single 'Harder Than YouThink'.\n\nReception\nAlternative Press (p. 176) - 3.5 stars out of 5 -- \"Public Enemy remain fiercely independent and definitely seem revitalized.\"\nThe Wire (p. 75) - \"[T]his is PE's tenth studio album in their 20th year and their blunt anti-artiste, anti-materialist stance carries serious weight.\"\n\nTrack listing\n\"How You Sell Soul to a Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul???\" – 2:36\n\"Black Is Back\" – 2:42\n\"Harder Than You Think\" – 4:09\n\"Between Hard and a Rock Place\" – 0:59\n\"Sex, Drugs & Violence\" (feat. KRS-One) – 3:35\n\"Amerikan Gangster\" (feat. E.Infinite) – 4:03\n\"Can You Hear Me Now\" – 3:58\n\"Head Wide Shut\" – 1:31\n\"Flavor Man\" – 3:44\n\"The Enemy Battle Hymn of the Public\" – 3:24\n\"Escapism\" – 4:53\n\"Frankenstar\" – 3:23\n\"Col-Leepin\" – 3:58\n\"Radiation of a RADIOTVMOVIE Nation\" – 1:10\n\"See Something, Say Something\" – 3:46\n\"Long and Whining Road\" – 4:24\n\"Bridge of Pain\" – 3:07\n\"Eve of Destruction\" – 4:15\n\"How You Sell Soul (Time Is God Refrain)\" – 2:31\n\nPersonnel\nCredits adapted from Allmusic.\n\n James Bomb (S1W) – group member \n Chuck D – executive producer, group member, vocals \n Flavor Flav - group member, vocals\n Bernie Larsen – guitar\n Khari Wynn – guitar \n Michael Faulkner – drums \n Pop Diesel (S1W) – group member \n La Aerial Owens – vocals (background) \n E. Infinite – choir, chorus \n Gene Barge – saxophone\n Gebre Waddell - engineer\n Vincent Arbelet – photography \n Le Bijoutier – photography \n Mathieu Cavaliere – photography \n Derek Welte – photography\n Gary G-Wiz – Producer \n Mike \"mGee\" Gregoire – package design \n Earle Holder – mastering \n Walter Leapheart – liner notes \n Amani K. Smith – associate producer, mixing, producer \n Paul Stone – cover illustration \n Andrew Williams – sound technician \n Ron Wynn – liner notes\n\nChart performance\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n How You Sell Soul to a Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul??? at Discogs\n \n Album Review at South Florida Times\n\n2007 albums\nPublic Enemy (band) albums" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)", "was the Chronicles of life and death an album?", "Good Charlotte's third album, The Chronicles of Life and Death, was released by Epic Records in 2004.", "were there any singles?", "The only single from The Chronicles of Life and Death which managed to chart on the U.S. Hot 100 was the hit \"I Just Wanna Live\".", "was the album well received?", "The album received mixed reactions from both the music press and Good Charlotte's fan base.", "how many albums did they sell?", "The album sold 2.2 million copies." ]

[ "Andrew Butterfield (born 7 January 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the Challenge Tour.\n\nCareer\nButterfield was born in London, England. He turned professional in 1993 and joined the Challenge Tour in 1996. He played on the Challenge Tour until qualifying for the European Tour through Q-School in 1999. Butterfield did not perform well enough on tour in 2000 to retain his card and had to go back to the Challenge Tour in 2001. He got his European Tour card back through Q-School again in 2001 and played on the European Tour in 2002 but did not find any success on tour. He returned to the Challenge Tour and played there until 2005 when he finished 4th on the Challenge Tour's Order of Merit which earned him his European Tour card for 2006. He did not play well enough in 2006 to retain his tour card but was able to get temporary status on tour for 2007 by finishing 129th on the Order of Merit. He played on the European Tour and the Challenge Tour in 2007 and has played only on the Challenge Tour since 2008. He picked up his first win on the Challenge Tour in Sweden at The Princess in June 2009. He also won an event on the PGA EuroPro Tour in 2004.\n\nProfessional wins (2)\n\nChallenge Tour wins (1)\n\nChallenge Tour playoff record (0–1)\n\nPGA EuroPro Tour wins (1)\n2004 Matchroom Golf Management International at Owston Hall\n\nPlayoff record\nEuropean Tour playoff record (0–1)\n\nResults in major championships\n\nNote: Butterfield only played in The Open Championship.\nCUT = missed the half-way cut\n\nSee also\n2005 Challenge Tour graduates\n2009 Challenge Tour graduates\n\nExternal links\n\nEnglish male golfers\nEuropean Tour golfers\nSportspeople from London\nPeople from the London Borough of Bromley\n1972 births\nLiving people", "The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary Dont Look Back.\n\nTour dates\n\nSet lists \nAs Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the material performed during this tour was written pre-1965. Each show was divided into two halves, with seven songs performed during the first, and eight during the second. The set consisted of two songs from The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, three from The Times They Are a-Changin', three from Another Side of Bob Dylan, a comic-relief concert staple; \"If You Gotta Go, Go Now\", issued as a single in Europe, and six songs off his then-recent album, Bringing It All Back Home, including the second side in its entirety.\n\n First half\n\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\"\n\"To Ramona\"\n\"Gates of Eden\"\n\"If You Gotta Go, Go Now (or Else You Got to Stay All Night)\"\n\"It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)\"\n\"Love Minus Zero/No Limit\"\n\"Mr. Tambourine Man\"\n\nSecond Half\n\"Talkin' World War III Blues\"\n\"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right\"\n\"With God on Our Side\"\n\"She Belongs to Me\"\n\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\n\"The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll\"\n\"All I Really Want to Do\"\n\"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\"\n\nSet list per Olof Bjorner.\n\nAftermath \nJoan Baez accompanied him on the tour, but she was never invited to play with him in concert. In fact, they did not tour together again until 1975. After this tour, Dylan was hailed as a hero of folk music, but two months later, at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival, he would alienate his fans and go electric. Dylan was the only artist apart from the Beatles to sell out the De Montfort Hall in the 1960s. Even the Rolling Stones did not sell out this venue.\n\nReferences \n\nHoward Sounes: Down the Highway. The Life of Bob Dylan.. 2001.\n\nExternal links \n Bjorner's Still on the Road 1965: Tour dates & set lists\n\nBob Dylan concert tours\n1965 concert tours\nConcert tours of the United Kingdom\n1965 in England" ]

[ "Good Charlotte", "The Chronicles of Life and Death (2004-07)", "was the Chronicles of life and death an album?", "Good Charlotte's third album, The Chronicles of Life and Death, was released by Epic Records in 2004.", "were there any singles?", "The only single from The Chronicles of Life and Death which managed to chart on the U.S. Hot 100 was the hit \"I Just Wanna Live\".", "was the album well received?", "The album received mixed reactions from both the music press and Good Charlotte's fan base.", "how many albums did they sell?", "The album sold 2.2 million copies.", "did they go on tour?", "The band would then go on tour with Sum 41." ]

[ "\nThis is a list of the 29 players who earned their 2011 PGA Tour card through Q School in 2010. Note: Michael Putnam and Justin Hicks had already qualified for the PGA Tour by placing in the Top 25 during the 2010 Nationwide Tour season; they did not count among the Top 25 Q school graduates, but Putnam did improve his status.\n\nPlayers in yellow are 2011 PGA Tour rookies.\n\n2011 Results\n\n*PGA Tour rookie in 2011\nT = Tied \nGreen background indicates the player retained his PGA Tour card for 2012 (finished inside the top 125). \nYellow background indicates the player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 2012, but retained conditional status (finished between 126-150). \nRed background indicates the player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 2012 (finished outside the top 150).\n\nWinners on the PGA Tour in 2011\n\nRunners-up on the PGA Tour in 2011\n\nSee also\n2010 Nationwide Tour graduates\n\nReferences\nShort bios from pgatour.com\n\nPGA Tour Qualifying School\nPGA Tour Qualifying School Graduates\nPGA Tour Qualifying School Graduates", "\nThis is a list of the 29 players who earned their 2012 PGA Tour card through Q School in 2011. Note: Roberto Castro and Mark Anderson had already qualified for the PGA Tour by placing in the Top 25 during the 2011 Nationwide Tour season; they did not count among the Top 25 Q school graduates.\n\nPlayers in yellow were 2012 PGA Tour rookies.\n\n2012 Results\n\n*PGA Tour rookie in 2012\nT = Tied \nGreen background indicates the player retained his PGA Tour card for 2013 (won or finished inside the top 125). \nYellow background indicates the player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 2013, but retained conditional status (finished between 126-150). \nRed background indicates the player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 2013 (finished outside the top 150).\n\nWinners on the PGA Tour in 2012\n\nRunners-up on the PGA Tour in 2012\n\nSee also\n2011 Nationwide Tour graduates\n\nReferences\nResults from pgatour.com\n\nPGA Tour Qualifying School\nPGA Tour Qualifying School Graduates\nPGA Tour Qualifying School Graduates" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy" ]

[ "\"Garbage Island\" is the 17th episode of the sixth season of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother and the 129th episode overall. It aired on February 21, 2011.\n\nPlot\nAt Hong Kong International Airport in 2021, Ted's flight to New York City has been cancelled. While arguing with an attendant at the departure lounge, he runs into Wendy the Waitress. Future Ted describes how it happened.\n\nAt MacLaren's, Ted and Zoey tell Wendy the Waitress how they ended up together. Ted says Zoey was unhappy with her marriage to the Captain, and after a serious fight that ended with the Captain wanting a divorce, Zoey and Ted decided to give a relationship a try. Zoey asks Ted to get her personal belongings from the Captain's apartment. The stuff has been left at the lobby. Just as Ted comes to get the box, the Captain encounters him and at his study, says that Zoey left him for a mustachioed man, narrating a different version of his last argument with Zoey. Ted fails to get the box. He later returns to the apartment building, where the Captain claims that the doorman seduced Zoey. He threatens to harm the doorman but Ted convinces him to let her go because they have nothing in common anyway. Before leaving the apartment with Zoey's box, he admits that he was the one for whom Zoey left the Captain. Later at MacLaren's, Zoey says that good things can come out of something bad.\n\nMeanwhile, Barney reports to the gang that his laser tag date on Valentine's Day with Nora did not go well, despite her giving him her calling card which he later tears up. Robin catches Barney smiling whenever he mentions Nora, and gives him a napkin with Nora's phone number so he can call her. Robin eventually dares him to sleep with her to prove he does not like Nora. Barney shows up at Ted and Robin's apartment, which infuriates Robin because she had been encouraging him to pursue Nora. However, Barney reveals he had actually come to ask for Nora's phone number; pleased, Robin gives it to him and tells him to go for it.\n\nLily is frustrated at home because Marshall is too fixated with watching a documentary about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch to even think about sex. He creates a presentation for a new GNB environmental campaign, but it is negatively received and Arthur Hobbs fires Meeker, the only employee who liked the presentation. Lily catches Marshall in the dumpster trying to find a set of Tallboy O-rings. Marshall tells Lily that his father's death affected his career choices and fears that starting a family right away could force him to work at GNB forever. Lily asks him to save the planet first then start raising a family.\n\nMarshall's obsession also angers Wendy the Waitress because his advocacy prompts MacLaren's to have her carry spent bottles to the recycling center every night, which results in her having back pains. Future Ted says Meeker was a MacLaren's patron who met Wendy the night he goes to the bar to confront Marshall over his dismissal. Wendy's bag of bottles breaks and Meeker helps Wendy pick them up.\n\nThe ending scene shows that because they both hated Marshall, Wendy and Meeker did end up together, being on their second honeymoon when they encountered Ted at the airport. Ted says he is already married with two kids, and his relationship with Zoey did not end well. Ted begins the story of how he met his wife starting from the wedding, but Wendy interrupts saying they have to go. Ted immediately calls Marshall about the encounter.\n\nCritical response\n\nRobert Canning of IGN gave the episode a rating of 7 out of 10.\n\nDonna Bowman of The A.V. Club gave the episode an A−.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Barney's Blog\n \n\nHow I Met Your Mother (season 6) episodes\n2011 American television episodes", "Captain Miho Otani (大谷 三穂) (born May 28, 1971) is an officer in the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force. She was the first woman to become the captain of a naval training vessel and a destroyer. Otani was also a member of the first female class to enter the National Defense Academy of Japan.\n\nCareer \nOtani initially planned to study at Ryukoku University. When she was in her second year of high school she saw news about the Gulf War and decided to apply to the National Defense Academy of Japan instead. Though her family did not approve, she entered the Academy in April 1992 as a member of the first female class. At first she wanted to be a pilot, but she ended up being assigned to the Maritime Self-Defense Force, where she worked on the training ship JDS Natsugumo.\n\nThe ban on women serving in destroyers had been lifted in 2008, and so in 2011 she became the vice captain of . In March 2013, Otani became the captain of the training ship Shimayuki. Alongside Ryoko Azuma, she was the first woman to become the captain of a training ship. In February 2016, Otani took command of , making her the first woman in the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force to command a destroyer. On July 1, 2017, she was promoted to captain. On December 2, 2019, She took command of making her the first woman to command a JMSDF Aegis destroyer.\n\nSee also \n\n Misa Matsushima – First woman in the Japanese Self-Defense Force to become a fighter pilot\n\nReferences \n\nLiving people\n1971 births\nPeople from Osaka Prefecture\nNational Defense Academy of Japan alumni\nJapan Maritime Self-Defense Force personnel" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\"." ]

[ "Practical Aesthetics is an acting technique originally conceived by David Mamet and William H. Macy, based on the teachings of Stanislavsky, Sanford Meisner, and the Stoic philosopher Epictetus.\n\nTechnique\nPractical Aesthetics is based on the practice of breaking down a scene using a four-step analysis that entails the following:\n\n1) The \"Literal\": The essential and most basic, uninterpretive, description of what is taking place. 'What is Literally happening for your character within the scene?'. For example; 'My character is literally proposing marriage to their partner of 6 months'\n\n2) The \"Want\": What does one character ultimately want the other character to say or do. \"What does my character want from the other person within the scene?\". For example; 'I want the other character to accept my marriage proposal\"\n\n3) The \"Essential Action\": A universal human desire that relates to the specific and essential nature of what your character wants within the scene. In this step, you must distill the given circumstances and the actions of your character, given to you by the playwright, to a universal human desire that underlies the text. For example; if your 'Want' is \"I want the other character to accept my marriage proposal\" the 'Universal Human Desire' or 'Essential Action' underlying that specific 'Want' could be 'To get my soulmate to take a brave step'. \n\n4) The \"As If\": This relates the \"essential action\" to the actor's own life. (Often the most difficult step of Analysis)\n\nFor example: \"Essential Action\" – To retrieve what is rightfully mine. \"As If\" – It's as if my girlfriend has taken away my favorite album that I was going to give as a gift. I need to retrieve it because it is mine.\n\nUnlike other acting techniques, this step is NOT a memory device. In Practical Aesthetics actors are taught that using the memory of past experiences hinders the truth of the moment within a scene because you already know how that memory ends, there is a resolution inherently tied to that memory. Therefore if you choose to use memory to replicate an emotional response within the scene, you have to ignore the resolution or pretend as if it has not occurred, you are playing a 'double fiction'. Firstly you are playing the fiction of the scene and secondly, you are acting as if you don't know the outcome of the memory you are drawing an emotional response from.\n\nTherefore the Practical Aesthetic 'As If' is something that could feasibly happen in your life, that has not yet happened, that produces a galvanized response within you; a spark to involve the actor in the scene. It helps the actor escape the fiction, find the truth, and apply it elsewhere. \n\nThis technique is aimed at making the experience of acting entirely based on the will of the actor. It is in response to \"The Method, \" which some believe uses more introverted and self-based practices. The Practical Aesthetic asks an actor only to commit his will to the pursuit of an action based on the other actor.\n\nPractitioners\nFamous practitioners of Practical Aesthetics include: William H Macy, Felicity Huffman, Rose Byrne, Jessica Alba, Rhea Seehorn, and Clark Gregg.\n\nSee also\nGOTE: This acronym (Goal, Obstacle, Tactics, and Expectation) was devised by Robert Cohen to remind his students of his acting \"method\" – a method often linked with practical aesthetics.\n\nTo my knowledge, the GOTE system has never been directly linked with Practical Aesthetics, and is not a formal part of the Practical Aesthetics curriculum. Thank God. – Lee Michael Cohn, co-author of A Practical Handbook for the Actor\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography\nBruder, Melissa, et al. (1986). A Practical Handbook for the Actor. New York: Vintage Books. \nCohen, Robert (1978). Acting Power. New York: McGraw-Hill. \nCohen, Robert (2003). Acting Professionally: Raw Facts About Careers in Acting. New York: McGraw-Hill. \nMamet, David (1999). True and False: Heresy and Common Sense for the Actor. New York: Vintage Books.\n\nExternal links\nAtlantic Theater Company\nAtlantic Acting School\n\nActing techniques", "\"What They Want\" is a song by American rapper Russ. It was released on his SoundCloud page on August 19, 2015. Russ included this song on his 12th (and major-label debut) album There's Really a Wolf. The song was mixed, mastered, engineered, produced, written, and performed by Russ.\n\nBackground \nThe song is a response to labels and women who now want to approach him due to his success as a rapper. In the songs hook, Russ states \"Dollar signs, yeah, I know it's what they want\", as women now want him for his money, and labels want him for the money they can make off of his hard work.\n\nCommercial performance \n\"What They Want\" debuted at number 99 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, on the week of November 12, 2016. This became Russ' first song to appear on the chart. Three weeks later, the single reached its peak at number 83 on the week of December 3, 2016. The song also managed to chart at number 12 on the US Rhythmic Airplay chart on the week of December 3, 2016. On July 26, 2021, the single was certified four times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and streaming units of over four million units in the United States.\n\nRuss debuted the music video to \"What They Want\" through his Vevo account on May 3, 2016. As of June 2021, the song has over 320 million views on YouTube.\n\nCharts\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\n2015 singles\n2015 songs" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\".", "What made him want to step down?", "He said he believed that it would give his successor around two years to build up to the 2011 Cricket World Cup." ]

[ "Bastiaan (\"Bas\") Zuiderent (born 3 March 1977) is a former Dutch international cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler. He is one of very few Dutchmen, to have appeared in six International Cricket Council events.\n\nInternational career\nAt the age of 18, Zuiderent was selected in the Netherlands squad for their inaugural appearance at the Cricket World Cup in 1996. In his second World Cup match, he scored 54 against England at Peshawar.\n\nThe following year, Zuiderent was selected in the Dutch squad for the 1997 ICC Trophy, but the team was unable to secure qualification for the 1999 Cricket World Cup.\n\nMost notably, he missed the 2001 ICC Trophy competition in which the Netherlands earned qualification for the 2003 Cricket World Cup, but he did later represent his country in all their matches at the 2003 Cricket World Cup.\n\nAfter leaving Sussex, Zuiderent returned to the Netherlands and once again was a regular member of the national team. In the 2005 ICC Trophy, he scored three centuries and finished as the tournament's top run-scorer. He produced a man of the match performance in the 5th/6th place play-off against the United Arab Emirates, carrying his bat and scoring 116 not out. The win ensured that the Netherlands would qualify for the 2007 Cricket World Cup and receive ICC funding and ODI status for four years. Zuiderent was named as the Player of the Tournament.\n\nIn February 2007, Zuiderent was named in the Dutch squad for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.\n\nCounty career\nIn 1999, Zuiderent was signed by Sussex County Cricket Club, and played for them up until the end of the 2003 season. During this period, he did not always appear regularly for the Netherlands team as he believed that playing in matches for Sussex would be more beneficial to his career.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n Bas Zuiderent Interview\n\n1977 births\nLiving people\nDutch cricketers\nNetherlands One Day International cricketers\nNetherlands Twenty20 International cricketers\nCricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup\nCricketers at the 2003 Cricket World Cup\nCricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup\nCricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup\nSussex cricketers\nSportspeople from Utrecht (city)", "The New Zealand blind cricket team is the national blind cricket team of New Zealand. New Zealand blind cricket team participates in One Day Internationals and T20 Internationals. New Zealand team also participated in the inaugural Blind Cricket World Cup in 1998 and ended up as semifinalists.\nIn the inaugural Blind Cricket World Cup, the following cricketers of New Zealand blind cricket team went on to bag some awards.\n\n(A) Best bowlers of the World Cup\n B1 (Totally Blind)\tKevin Murray (New Zealand)\t5 for 240\n(B) Best Player of the First World Cup - (Rs 5,000 each)\n B2 (Partially blind)\tJames Dunn (New Zealand)\t332 runs and 5 wickets\n\nTournament History\n\n40 Over Blind Cricket World Cup \n 1998 Blind Cricket World Cup-Groupstage\n 2002 Blind Cricket World Cup-Did not participate\n 2006 Blind Cricket World Cup-Did not participate\n 2014 Blind Cricket World Cup-Groupstage\n\nBlind T20 World Cup \n 2012 Blind World T20-Groupstage\n 2017 Blind World T20-Groupstage\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\nBlind cricket teams\nMen's national sports teams of New Zealand\nParasports in New Zealand" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\".", "What made him want to step down?", "He said he believed that it would give his successor around two years to build up to the 2011 Cricket World Cup.", "Did he win the 2011 Cricket World Cup?", "Days after guiding Sri Lanka to the finals of the World Cup, Sangakkara announced to the public he was stepping down as captain" ]

[ "\"Tell Me Why\" is the opening track on Neil Young's album After the Gold Rush. Written by Young, it was first introduced during the Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young shows of 1970 prior to the release of Déjà Vu. The song also appears on Live at Massey Hall 1971.\n\nComposition and lyrics\nMusically, the song marks a shift from the hard rock of 1969's Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere and bears more folk and country influences, which would continue onto 1972's Harvest. The only instruments are two acoustic guitars, played by Young and Nils Lofgren. He is, however, backed by the vocal harmonies of Crazy Horse during the choruses. 'Tell Me Why' has a simple lyrical structure, with two verses each followed by a bridge then chorus, and one final bridge and chorus before a short instrumental outro. The chorus line \"Tell me why, tell me why/Is it hard to make arrangements with yourself/When you're old enough to repay/but young enough to sell?\" is the most famous line from the song, typifying the introspective and melancholic nature of not just this song, but the whole album.\n\nThe guitar is tuned down to D Standard (every string tuned a whole step down from standard tuning).\n\nCover versions\nNorah Jones has been known to cover 'Tell Me Why' as well as Radiohead, most notably at the White River Amphitheatre and the Hollywood Bowl in 2008.\nThe song is famously popular with Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist Flea.\n\nReferences\n\nNeil Young songs\n1970 songs\nSongs written by Neil Young\nSong recordings produced by David Briggs (record producer)\nHemingway Corner songs\nSong recordings produced by Neil Young", "Face Down in Turpentine is the first full-length album by the band Baboon. It was released in June 1994 on Grass Records.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Master Salvatoris\" – 1:44\n \"Tool\" – 4:05\n \"Step Away\" – 3:53\n \"Good Friend\" – 3:19\n \"Happy Life\" – 2:40\n \"Positive\" – 4:04\n \"Why'd You Say Die?\" – 3:49\n \"Emotionless\" – 3:20\n \"Thumbhead\" – 1:57\n \"Sucker\" – 4:02\n \"Kamikaze\" – 1:55\n \"Naked in the Mall/California Dreaming\" – 4:01\n \"Bright Lights Big Mommy\" – 2:50\n \"E\" – 4:31\n\nAll songs by Baboon.\n\nPersonnel\n Steven Barnett - drums\n Andrew Huffstetler - vocals, trombone\n Bart Rogers - bass guitar, backing vocals\n Mike Rudnicki - guitar, backing vocals\n Sam McCall - producer\n\nReferences\n\n1994 debut albums\nBaboon (band) albums" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\".", "What made him want to step down?", "He said he believed that it would give his successor around two years to build up to the 2011 Cricket World Cup.", "Did he win the 2011 Cricket World Cup?", "Days after guiding Sri Lanka to the finals of the World Cup, Sangakkara announced to the public he was stepping down as captain", "Why did he step down?", "captaining Sri Lanka is a job that ages you very quickly ... It's rarely a job you will last long in ..." ]

[ "Øyvind Gjerde (born 18 March 1977) is a Norwegian former footballer who played for Molde. He has previously played for the clubs Åndalsnes, Lillestrøm and Aalesund.\n\nAfter the 2010 season, when he did not get a new contract with Molde after 7 years in the club, Gjerde announced that he would most likely retire.\n\nReferences \n\n1977 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Møre og Romsdal\nNorwegian footballers\nEliteserien players\nNorwegian First Division players\nAalesunds FK players\nLillestrøm SK players\nMolde FK players\n\nAssociation football defenders", "Eleni Daniilidou was the defending champion, but did not compete this year.\n\nKim Clijsters won the title after Justine Henin-Hardenne was forced to retire due to a left wrist injury. The score was 6–7(4–7), 3–0.\n\nSeeds\nThe first two seeds received a bye into the second round.\n\nDraw\n\nFinals\n\nTop half\n\nBottom half\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official results archive (ITF)\n Official results archive (WTA)\n\nWomen's Singles\nSingles" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\".", "What made him want to step down?", "He said he believed that it would give his successor around two years to build up to the 2011 Cricket World Cup.", "Did he win the 2011 Cricket World Cup?", "Days after guiding Sri Lanka to the finals of the World Cup, Sangakkara announced to the public he was stepping down as captain", "Why did he step down?", "captaining Sri Lanka is a job that ages you very quickly ... It's rarely a job you will last long in ...", "Did he retire after this?", "I don't know." ]

[ "\"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, Affection. It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: \"My Apple Heart,\" \"Lay Me Down\" and \"Something's Happenin'.\" \"What Did I Do to You?\" was remixed by Mark Saunders and by the Grammy Award-winning American house music DJ and producer, David Morales. The single became a top forty hit in the European countries reaching number eighteen in Finland, number twenty in Ireland and number twenty-five in the United Kingdom. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was also released in Japan.\n\nIn 2014, the remixes of \"What Did I Do to You?\" were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of Affection and on People Hold On ... The Remix Anthology. They were also featured on The Collection 1989–2003 box set (2014), including previously unreleased Red Zone Mix by David Morales.\n\nCritical reception\nThe song received positive reviews from music critics. Matthew Hocter from Albumism viewed it as a \"upbeat offering\". David Giles from Music Week said it is \"beautifully performed\" by Stansfield. A reviewer from Reading Eagle wrote that \"What Did I Do to You?\" \"would be right at home on the \"Saturday Night Fever\" soundtrack.\"\n\nMusic video\nA music video was produced to promote the single, directed by Philip Richardson, who had previously directed the videos for \"All Around the World\" and \"Live Together\". It features Stansfield with her kiss curls, dressed in a white outfit and performing with her band on a stage in front of a jumping audience. The video was later published on Stansfield's official YouTube channel in November 2009. It has amassed more than 1,6 million views as of October 2021.\n\nTrack listings\n\n European/UK 7\" single\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Mark Saunders Remix Edit) – 4:20\n\"Something's Happenin'\" – 3:59\n\n European/UK/Japanese CD single\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Mark Saunders Remix Edit) – 4:20\n\"My Apple Heart\" – 5:19\n\"Lay Me Down\" – 4:17\n\"Something's Happenin'\" – 3:59\n\n UK 10\" single\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Mark Saunders Remix) – 5:52\n\"My Apple Heart\" – 5:19\n\"Lay Me Down\" – 4:17\n\"Something's Happenin'\" – 3:59\n\n European/UK 12\" single\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Morales Mix) – 7:59\n\"My Apple Heart\" – 4:22\n\"Lay Me Down\" – 3:19\n\"Something's Happenin'\" – 3:15\n\n UK 12\" promotional single\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Morales Mix) – 7:59\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Anti Poll Tax Dub) – 6:31\n\n Other remixes\n\"What Did I Do to You?\" (Red Zone Mix) – 7:45\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\nLisa Stansfield songs\n1990 singles\nSongs written by Lisa Stansfield\n1989 songs\nArista Records singles\nSongs written by Ian Devaney\nSongs written by Andy Morris (musician)", "Songs from the Edge is the second album by British musician Dirty Harry (formerly known as Harry).\n\nIt was recorded as the follow-up to The Trouble with... Harry (2003) and produced by multi-platinum Grammy-nominated producer Luke Ebbin (Bon Jovi, Rival Schools). The album features Curt Schneider engineering and playing bass guitar, David Levita on guitar, and Victor Indrizzo on drums.\n\nTrack listing \n \"Frayed at the Edges\"\n \"Takes One to Know One\"\n \"Welcome to What Is Meant to Be\"\n \"Do You Remember Those Days?\"\n \"Dirty Boys & Girls\"\n \"Stepping Stones\"\n \"Drunks of London Town\"\n \"Let Go of Me\"\n \"Fake It Like You\"\n \"Not That Girl / Been Down\"\n \"Sweet Sound of Rock'n'roll\"\n\nExternal links \nHarry's Myspace\nHarry's Online Community\nGirlBand.Org Entry for Dirty Harry\n\n2007 albums\nDirty Harry (musician) albums\nAlbums produced by Luke Ebbin" ]

[ "Kumar Sangakkara", "Captaincy", "How did he become captain?", "In February 2009, the then captain of the Sri Lankan side, Mahela Jayawardene announced that he would step down from captaincy \"in the best interests of the Sri Lankan team\".", "What made him want to step down?", "He said he believed that it would give his successor around two years to build up to the 2011 Cricket World Cup.", "Did he win the 2011 Cricket World Cup?", "Days after guiding Sri Lanka to the finals of the World Cup, Sangakkara announced to the public he was stepping down as captain", "Why did he step down?", "captaining Sri Lanka is a job that ages you very quickly ... It's rarely a job you will last long in ...", "Did he retire after this?", "I don't know.", "What did he do after stepping down?", "In 2012, he was honored as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year." ]

[ "José Mari Uhler Vélez (May 27, 1942 – June 3, 1991) was a Filipino lawyer, journalist, business executive, and activist best remembered for his long career as television newscaster anchoring The Big News on ABC-5 and for his service as an oppositionist delegate to the Philippine Constitutional Convention of 1971. He was one of the opposition delegates at the convention, which was why he was one of the first to be arrested when Ferdinand Marcos declared Martial law in September 1972. In April 1989, Velez became one of the first recipients of the Ninoy Aquino Fellowship Award for his accomplishments in journalism, with President Corazon Aquino stating that she believes he \"share[s] in Ninoy's vision of preserving and strengthening our democracy.\"\n\nVélez died on June 3, 1991 at Mt. Sinai Hospital in New York City after battling lung cancer. He was a graduate of the University of the Philippines Diliman and of the Center for Research and Communication, which eventually evolved into the University of Asia and the Pacific.\n\nReferences\n\nUniversity of Asia and the Pacific alumni\nIndividuals honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani\n1942 births\n1991 deaths\n20th-century Filipino businesspeople\nNews5 people\nMarcos martial law victims\nJournalists honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani", "The Centre for Investigative Journalism Award (1986–1990) was given for excellence in investigative journalism by Canadian journalists. It was administered by the Canadian Centre for Investigative Journalism (CIJ).\n\nHistory\n\nFounded in 1978, CIJ began giving the awards in 1986. The inaugural awards had just two categories: print and broadcast. The categories were refined in 1987 to be newspaper, magazine, television, and radio. The 1990 awards split the newspaper category into open newspaper and small newspaper, and the radio and television categories were each split into network and regional. They were the final awards given under the organization's name before it was changed to the Canadian Association of Journalists (CAJ) the day after the awards ceremony. The CAJ continued giving awards from 1991 onward under its new name.\n\n1986 Awardees\n\nBroadcast\n\n Eric Malling, The Fifth Estate\nHe was honored for an investigation into the federal government's decision to allow StarKist to ship cans of tainted tuna from its Saint Andrews, New Brunswick. Fisheries minister John Fraser resigned as a consequence of the report, and millions of cans of tuna were recalled.\n\nVideo:\n\"Product of Canada\", September 17, 1985\n\n Honorable Mention: Pierre Leduc, CFCF-TV\nHe was honored for a story about a vendetta against a lawyer in Quebec City, Quebec, by other lawyers.\n\nPrint\n\n Kevin Cavanagh, Michael Clarkson, Doug Herod, and Kevin McMahon, St. Catharines Standard\nThey were honored for a series of articles on the mass arrest of 32 men who were charged with committing sex offenses in a washroom at a shopping mall in St. Catharines, Ontario. The St. Catharines police department changed its procedures for handling such offenses as a result of the series.\n Honorable Mention: Brian Power and Nicole Parton, The Vancouver Sun\nThey were honored for a story about a yougurt-like milk culture sold as a cancer and cosmetic treatment.\n\nStory:\n\"U.S. pyramid fleece hits city\", July 26, 1985\n\n Honorable Mention: Linda Diebel, Montreal Gazette\nShe was honored for a story on Canadian banks involved in money laundering in the Bahamas.\n\nStory:\n\"Bahamians ask probe of Canada's banks and drugs\", October 22, 1985\n\n Honorable Mention: Elaine Dewar, Canadian Business\nShe was honored for her series on Unicorp's takeover of Union Enterprises.\n Honorable Mention: Kate Dunn, Calgary Herald\nShe was honored for a story on a scam arising from federal scientific research tax credits.\n\nStory:\n\"At one time, Albion boss 'was on the street'\", June 22, 1985\n\n Horoable Mention: Jock Furguson, The Globe and Mail\nHe was honored for a series on pollution in Sarnia, Ontario.\n\n1987–1989 Awardees\n\nMagazine\n\n 1987: Carolyn Walton, Harrowsmith\nShe was honored for her story on the dangers of a fungus found in many older Canadian homes.\n\nArticle:\n\"Bucolic Plague\", March–April 1986\n\n 1988: Paul McKay, Harrowsmith\nHe was honored for a report on Canadian and U.S. wildlife officers pursuing a fictitious falcon smuggling ring in the Yukon.\n\nArticle:\n\"Operation Falcon\", November–December 1987\n\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Michael Webster, Harrowsmith\nHe was honored for an article on lawsuits related to odor problems on farms.\n\nArticle:\n\"Law and Odour\", January–February 1987\n\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Andrew Nikiforuk, Saturday Night\nHe was honored for a report on labor unrest in Edmonton during the Gainer's strike.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Stephen Kimber and Kelly Shiers, Cities Magazine (Halifax, Nova Scotia)\nThey were honored for a story about a botched search in Nova Scotia for a little boy lost in the woods.\n 1989: Andrew Nikiforuk, Report on Business\nHe was honored for an article on the decline of the prairie wheat economy.\n\nNewspaper\n\n 1987: David Prosser and Ian Hamilton, The Kingston Whig-Standard\nThey were honored for their stories about five Soviet Red Army deserters they interviewed in Afghanistan who were being held captive by rebel Afghan forces, the soldier's petition for asylum in Canada, and the aborted mission to rescue them. The reporters worked with the Department of External Affairs and International Trade to liberate the soldiers and bring them to Canada, and delayed publication of their stories until the soldiers were safe.\n\nStories in Series:\n \"How bid to save six Soviet POWs in Afghanistan turned into fiasco\", printed in The Leader Post on April 21, 1986\n\"Why bid to save Soviet PoWs failed\", printed in The Leader-Post on April 22, 1986\n\n 1987 Honorable Mention: Andrew McIntosh, The Globe and Mail\nHe was honored for a five-part series descriing the politics and costs of picking a federal prison site in Prime Minister Brian Mulrooney's riding.\n 1987 Honorable Mention: Andre Noel, La Presse\nHe was honored for a report comparing the academic performance of students in Quebec and their counterparts in Europe.\n 1987 Honorable Mention: Reporting staff of the Star-Phoenix, including Verne Clemence, Earl Fowler, Deanna Herman, Kim Humphries, Gerry Klein, Daryl Oshanek, Bill Peterson, Sheila Robertson, Lorraine Stewart, Gary Taljit, Clarence Trotchie, Kathryn Warden, Peter Wilson, and Dave Yanko\nThey were honored for their stories on the poor living conditions of the native population in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.\n\nSpecial Report:\n\"Natives in Saskatoon: A People Apart\", October 7, 1986\n\n 1988: Jock Ferguson and Paul Taylor, The Globe and Mail\nThey were honored for a report alleging secret financial transactions between Toronto municipal politicians, lawyers, and developers.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Peter Moon, The Globe and Mail\nHe was honored for a report on Canadian lawbreakers on St. Kitts.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Neil Macdonald, The Ottawa Citizen\nHe was honored for a report on problems within the Canadian Security Intelligence Service.\n\nStory:\n\"CSIS: Making a cop into a spy just doesn't fly\", July 4, 1987\n\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Stevie Cameron, The Globe and Mail\n She was honored for a story on the amounts the PC Canada fund paid for decorating the prime minister's residence.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Claude Arpin, The Gazette\nHe was honored for his account of real estate flipping that greatly increased the price of an Oerlikon Aerospace land purchase. The day after the story was published, Prime Minister Brian Mulrooney fired André Bissonnette, the minister of small business, and ordered the RCMP to open an investigation because of the suspicious timing of the transactions relative to Oerlikon being awarded a government contract.\n\nStory:\n\"How real-estate 'flip' forced up firm's cost for land\", January 17, 1987\n\n 1989: Jock Furguson and Dawn King, The Globe and Mail\nThey were honored for an eight-part series examining the links between municipal politicians and developers in a Toronto suburb.\n\nSeries:\n\"Behind the Boom – the Story of York Region\"\n\n 1989 Honorable Mention: Bob Sarti, Chris Rose, and Kim Pemberton, The Vancouver Sun\nThey were honored for a story about a three month investigation into links between Vancouver barber Gilbert Paul Jordan and the alcohol-relate deaths of at least nine native women he got drunk for sexual gratification. Jordan was convicted of manslaughter the day before the series was published, and later sentenced to 15 years.\n\nSeries:\n\"Death by Alcohol\", October 22, 1988\nStories in Series:\n\"Race bias charged in Jordan case\"\n\"A life of empty bottles\"\n\"A life on the wrong side of the law\"\n\"Crimes and Punishment\"\n\"5 years of violence in Prince George\"\n\"He's the scariest man I've ever met, prosecutor says\"\n\"Bodies in the barbershop\"\n\"Drinking party leads to suspect\"\n\"Alcohol as a lethal weapon: a legal first in Canada?\"\n\"She's just the cleaning lady\"\n\"Down the hatch, honey\"\n\"The better side of a bad man\"\n\nRadio\n\n 1987: Larry Powell, CBC Radio\nHe was honored for a story about a government and industry coverup of uranium spills at Wollaston Lake in northern Saskatchewan.\n 1988: Martha Honey, Sunday Morning\nShe was honored for her report on the \"drugs for guns\" scandal in the Iran–Contra affair.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Stephen Wadhams, Sunday Morning\nHe was honored for a story on Canadian servicemen held in North Africa and French prisoners of war who were never recognized by the Canadian government.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Susan Cardinal, Sunday Morning\nShe was honored for a vivid chronicle of an AIDS patient's final six months of life.\n\nTelevision\n\n 1987: Pierre Leduc, CFCF-TV\nHe was honored for a story on industrial accidents in Quebec resulting from poor labor safety standards enforcement.'\n 1988: Brian Stewart, The Journal\nHe was honored for his ground breaking report on the Air India Flight 182 crash.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: Pierre Leduc, CFCF-TV\nHe was honored for a story on Barney Senez's 21-year solo fight against corruption.\n 1988 Honorable Mention: 24-hour investigative team at CBC Winnipeg\nThey were honored for a story showing that the government's new penalties for drunk driving were not working.\n\n1990 Awardees\n\nMagazine\n\n Andrew Nikiforuk and Ed Struzik, Report on Business\n\nStory:\n\"The Great Forest Sell-Off\"\n\nNetwork Radio\n\n Penny Clark, Jay Ingram, Anita Gordon, Quirks and Quarks\n\nStory:\n\"The Race Science of Philippe Rushton\"\n\nOpen Newspaper\n\n Linda McQuaig, The Globe and Mail\nShe was honored for stories about the Patti Starr affair.\n\nRegional Radio\n\n Bill Smith and Peter Puxley, CBC Manitoba\n\nStory:\n\"A Room with No Doors\"\n\nSmall Newspaper\n\n Philip Lee, Michael Harris, and the Staff of The Sunday Express\nThey were awarded for investigating sexual abuse at Mount Cashel Orphanage.\n\nStory:\n\"Unheard Cries: The Burial of Sexual Abuse at Mt. Cashel Orphanage\"\n\nNetwork Television\n\n Eric Malling, Sarah Spinks, and Cathy Forrest, The Fifth Estate\nThey were honored for a report on Saskatchewan's Bosco Homes for troubeled children.\n\nRegional Television\n BCTV\n\nStory:\n\"Knight Street Pub Controversy\"\n\nReferences\n\nLists of award winners\nCanadian journalism awards" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history" ]

[ "Blackfoot Trail is a super-4 expressway in Calgary, Alberta. It is named for the Blackfoot Confederacy, and more specifically the Siksika Nation, located east of Calgary. The road runs from 17 Avenue SE in the north, where Blackfoot Trail meets Deerfoot Trail (Highway 2), to Southland Drive in the south. It is the historical alignment of Highway 2 in south Calgary. The section of Blackfoot Trail between 19 Street SE and Deerfoot Trail is a former alignment, and still technically part of, 17 Avenue SE; however, it is generally referred to as being part of Blackfoot Trail.\n\nHistory\n\nPrior to the construction of Deerfoot Trail, which was originally named the Blackfoot Trail Freeway, Blackfoot Trail was the routing of Highway 2 through the southern portion of Calgary. It continued south to 66 Avenue SE (present-day Glenmore Trail) and Macleod Trail. At the north end, Highway 2 continued east on 17 Avenue SE, before turning north to Barlow Trail.\n\nMajor intersections\nFrom south to north.\n\nSee also\n\nTransportation in Calgary\n\nReferences\n\nRoads in Calgary", "The Battle of the Belly River was the last major conflict between the Cree (the Iron Confederacy) and the Blackfoot Confederacy, and the last major battle between First Nations on Canadian soil.\n\nThe battle took place within the present limits of the city of Lethbridge on the banks of the Oldman River, which at the time of the battle, was called the Belly River. A devastating outbreak of smallpox had reduced the strength of the Blackfoot, and a Cree war party had come south in late October 1870 to take advantage of that weakness. An advance party of Crees had stumbled upon a Peigan camp and decided to attack instead of informing the main Cree body of their find. Soon word passed to other Blackfoot, Blood and Peigan camps in the immediate area, and warriors were sent to join battle. After several hours of trading shots, a Blackfoot party gained the high ground and made the Cree positions untenable. The retreat became a rout, and up to 300 Cree warriors were killed trying to make their escape.\n\nApproximately a year after the battle, the Cree and Blackfoot made a formal peace. This was formalized by Crowfoot, a Blackfoot chief, ritually adopting Poundmaker, an up-and-coming Cree leader in 1873. Treaty No.7, between the Blackfoot Confederacy and the Crown, was signed in 1877. In 1906, the town of Lethbridge was founded near the battle site. The battle itself is commemorated in Indian Battle Park.\n\nSee also\nFort Whoop-Up\nJerry Potts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nThe Shrine of Dreams\n\nHistory of Lethbridge\nFirst Nations history\nCree\nBlackfoot tribe\nBelly River\nBelly River\nBelly River\n1870 in Canada\nBelly River\nHistory of the Northwest Territories\nOctober 1870 events\nEvents of National Historic Significance (Canada)" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika." ]

[ "Cellana exarata, common name the black-foot ʻopihi and Hawaiian blackfoot is a species of edible true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Nacellidae, one of the families of true limpets. ‘Opihi are significant in Hawaiian history where they have had many uses such as food, tools, and jewelry. They are known as a “fish of death.”\n\nClassification\nHawaiian Blackfoot limpets are gastropods belonging to the subclass Patellogastropoda and the family Nacellidae. They share many characteristics with many types of primitive mollusc other than gastropods, including a structure called the radula and shell micro-structure.\n\nDistribution\nThis species is endemic to the islands of Hawaii and abundant on the basalt or elionite wave-exposed rocky windward shorelines.\n\nHabitat\nThe limpet, C.exarata, resides in the high intertidal zone on the shores of the Hawaiian islands. The coastline on each island differs such that the different substrates, basalt and eolianite, affect the shape of the limpets in each location. Additionally, the issues of the intertidal zone, such as wave stress and exposure to heat, have further impacted the shape of the limpet species. The basalt substrate increased the risk of desiccation while the elionite substrate had increased exposure to waves, so each required different adaptations.\n\nDescription\n\nThe unique species of limpet, C. exarata, has adapted to develop a shell with increased height compared to its relatives in the lower tidal zones. This gives the limpet an oblong shape as to increase the ratio of volume to evaporative surface area to endure the thermal stress. With their typical habitat being above their common predators, their increased shell height does not have any negative effects for the limpet. Both the shell and the foot of the animal are black in color.\n\nAnatomy\n\nThis species has flattened, conical shells with a large, muscular foot. Their shells are cone shaped to protect them from waves, while the foot clings to rocks. Hawaiian Blackfoots, like other limpet species, lack an operculum, unlike other snails. Covered by the shell, is their head, mantle, and foot. Their vision is poor but their head and mantle contain small tentacles that protrude just beyond the edge of their shell. These are sensory organs used to help limpets perceive their surroundings. They feed on algae using a radula, an organ made of chitin that is covered in small teeth. They breathe using gills. Their anatomy suggests that limpets may be the most primitive of the living sea snails. Hawaiian Blackfoots can be distinguished from other Hawaiian limpet species by comparing the ridges on their shells, Blackfoot Limpets are somewhat smooth with ridges that do not extend to the edges of the shell. They can reach up to 60mm in length but average between 33 and 37mm.\n\nDiffering phylogeography\nWhile Limpets have similar life histories, behavior and habitat affinity also plays a major role in the way that three different species of the endemic Hawaiian Cellana spp. which are sympatric species in a monophyletic group. The three species are Cellana exarata, C. sandwincensis, and C. talcosa. The main reasons for these differences are habitat specificity and biogeography. In terms of habitat, C. exarata and C. sandwincensis both live above the waterline, however, the third species, C. talcosa remains in a subtidal habitat. Additionally, these stark differences between species also relate to the restricted gene flow that comes from geographical partitioning and, somewhat, the restriction of channels that separate the species from each other. All in all, this revelation that species so similar to one another, especially ones that have such similar life histories is detrimental to the understanding of these species and especially for Hawaiian Limpets that are so important to the ecosystem of Hawaii, it is important to recognize the differing phylogeography between these three species.\n\nReproduction\nFertilization occurs externally and sexes are separate within this species of limpets. Without any parental care, the embryos drift in the ocean currents until they settle onto shoreline rocks. C.exarata has a continuous monthly shell growth of 4–5 mm until it reaches sexual maturity. Following that event, its growth decreases to 2–3 mm monthly. Similarly, its weight increases monthly until sexual maturity, then decreases following that. Lastly, Its lifespan is less than one and half years.\n\nGrowth\nIt takes just one year for the shell lengths of Cellana exarata and Cellana sandwincensis to grow over 40 mm. Before sexual maturity, shell length continues to increase at a rate of 4 to 5 mm every month. After sexual maturity, this slows down to 2–3 mm every month. The absolute body weight of both species increases every month as well, until they reach sexual maturity, when that absolute body weight still increases but at a slower rate. However, C. sandwincesis have a lower height and heavier shell than the shells of the species C. exarata, and it has been hypothesized that this may be due to the fact that they live in a more wave-exposed habitat. Lastly, neither species grows very large due to their lifespan being less than 1.5 years long.\n\nEcological and evolutionary factors influencing growth\nSince the Proto-Historic Period, the average limpet size has increased, especially in terms of the mean limpet size in the western shoreline harvests. There are two main reasons why, for one, shelter from trade winds and strong ocean currents in Hawaii have allowed for limpets to grow larger than they were previously able to. Another reason is that there has been less harvesting pressure placed on these limpets allowing them time to grow and evolve.\n\nHuman use\nThis species is used as a food item; it is considered not as high in quality as the yellow-foot ʻopihi, Cellana sandwicensis. A Hawaiian delicacy and ‘Opihi can be served either raw or cooked. Very important to Hawaiian culture, it is used for celebrations and those special events. Due to overpicking, legislation was passed in 2006 to limit the sale of ‘Opihi and collection is reserved solely for personal use.\n\nConservation\n\nOver-harvesting \nThis species has become scarce due to over-harvesting caused by a lack of rules and regulations. There are now strict rules in place to limit the harvesting of these limpets and sustain healthy population sizes. These regulations limit the size, amount, and species that can be harvested. They can be collected year round but must be at least one and one-fourth inches in the longest dimension to be legally harvested. Due to their habitat, many people have died attempting to collect Hawaiian Blackfoots and this is one reason that commercial fish hatcheries have been working to successfully breed and raise this species in captivity. Some fishermen practice traditional methods that are supposed to protect Blackfoots, these include avoiding limpets that are below the waterline and harvesting predators of the limpets.\n\nClimate change \nNot much research has been performed on the effects of climate change on 'Opihi but a study done in 2019 suggests that this species has a narrow thermal niche that will continue to get narrower as the Earth warms.\n\nCultural significance\n‘Opihi were consumed by early Hawaiians and are still a common source of food in the Hawaiian Islands, often eaten raw or boiled. Their shells were often traditionally used for jewelry or tools. There is also evidence that Hawaiian limpet species were used for various religious rituals in Hawaiian history. They are known as the “fish of death” because they can be incredibly dangerous to harvest due to their habitat.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nNacellidae\nEndemic fauna of Hawaii\nMolluscs of Hawaii\nMolluscs of the Pacific Ocean", "ITV Play of the Week is a 90-minute UK television anthology series produced by a variety of companies including Granada Television, Associated-Rediffusion, ATV and Anglia Television. From 1956 to 1966 approximately 500 episodes aired on ITV. The first production was Ten Minute Alibi, produced by Associated-Rediffusion on 14 May 1956 while the earliest to survive is There Was a Young Lady, transmitted on 23 July 1956 and was telerecorded (film recorded). The first production not to be transmitted live was Henrik Ibsen's The Wild Duck which was also film recorded. The first to be pre-recorded on videotape was Mary Broome, a Granada production broadcast on 3 September 1958. Subsequently, only one play was transmitted live, Associated-Rediffusion's Search Party on 26 July 1960. The recording of The Liberty Man, a Granada production broadcast on 1 October 1958, contains the original advertisements during the first commercial break. The Violent Years was networked from Anglia on its opening night, 27 October 1959, and exists at the University of East Anglia.\n\nThe series included You in Your Small Corner by Barry Reckord, first broadcast in June 1962, which was an early taboo breaking drama depicting lovers from white and black backgrounds kissing. This also survives.\n\nOther productions included:\n\n Look Back in Anger - produced by Granada, broadcast 28 November 1956, does not exist\n Morning's at Seven - produced by H.M. Tennent for ATV, broadcast 21 August 1957, does not exist\n Death of a Salesman - produced by Granada, broadcast 27 November 1957, does not exist\n The Importance of Being Earnest - produced by Associated-Rediffusion, broadcast 26 March 1958, does not exist\n Playboy of the Western World - produced by Granada, broadcast 26 November 1958, does not exist\n The Skin of Our Teeth - produced by Granada, broadcast 17 March 1959, does not exist\n South - produced by Granada, broadcast 24 November 1959, earliest known drama to feature a gay story line. Available to watch via BFI\n\n The Member of the Wedding - produced by Granada, broadcast 16 February 1960, does not exist\n The House of Bernarda Alba - produced by Associated-Rediffusion, broadcast 23 February 1960, does not exist\n The Birthday Party - produced by Associated-Rediffusion, broadcast 22 March 1960, does not exist\n I Remember Mama - produced by Associated-Rediffusion, broadcast 27 June 1961, does not exist\n The Lark - produced by Granada, broadcast 28 August 1962, does not exist\n The Rose Tattoo - produced by Granada, broadcast 13 January 1964, does not exist\n Come Back, Little Sheba - produced by Anglia, broadcast 8 March 1965, does not exist\n A Choice of Kings - produced by Rediffusion, broadcast 11 October 1966, survives \n\nAmong its directors were Tony Richardson, Peter Wood, Peter Brook, Vivian Matalon, and Desmond Davis.\n\nNotable guest stars included Sean Connery, Michael Caine, Peter O'Toole, Laurence Olivier, Vivien Leigh, Peggy Ashcroft, Maggie Smith, Julie Christie, Alan Bates, Judi Dench, Deborah Kerr, Paul Scofield, Laurence Harvey, Glenda Jackson, Susannah York, Leslie Caron, Richard Harris, Edith Evans, James Mason, Claire Bloom, David McCallum, Donald Sutherland, John Gielgud, Oliver Reed, Mel Ferrer, Diana Rigg, Marius Goring and Margaret Whiting.\n\nSee also\n Armchair Theatre\n ITV Playhouse\n Theatre 625\n The Wednesday Play\n Play for Today\n Second City Firsts\n Thirty-Minute Theatre\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1956 British television series debuts\n1966 British television series endings\n1950s British anthology television series\n1960s British anthology television series\nTelevision shows produced by Associated-Rediffusion\nTelevision shows produced by Associated Television (ATV)\nTelevision shows produced by Granada Television\nTelevision shows produced by Anglia Television" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika.", "Does any record exist of the Blackfoots' early history ?", "The name is said to have come from the color of the peoples' moccasins, made of leather. They had typically dyed or painted the soles of their moccasins black." ]

[ "J. D. Blackfoot is a rock musician from Ohio, United states who has been recording since the early 1970s. Along with a couple of hit singles, he won an award for his album The Song of Crazy Horse.\n\nBackground\nThe name J. D. Blackfoot applies to both the singer and the group. Blackfoot was born Benjamin Franklin Van Dervort. Before he made his way in music, he worked in various occupations which included pest extermination, insurance sales and also as a driver. In relation possible confusion about his ethnicity, Blackfoot is not Native American. He is a convert to their plight as a result of discovering it in books while in his 20s.\n\nCareer\n\n1960s to 1990s\nEarly in his career Blackfoot was going by the name Benny Van and was fronting The Ebb Tides, an Ohio band formed in 1963. For a period of time, around 1967 to 1968, the band became known as Tree. In 1969, he reformed the band around his name and the single \"Who's Nuts Alfred\" was released. The single was backed with \"Epitaph For A Head\" and had its release in the US in 1969 on Philips 40625.\n\nIn 1970, his album The Ultimate Prophecy was released on Mercury SR 61288. It contained the songs \"One Time Woman\" and \"Angel\". It was also released in twenty countries.\n\nWith his album behind him and a couple of hits, he headed to New Zealand. In 1972, he arrived there with his wife. Whilst employed by Pye, he got the director Tim Murdoch to allow him to record an album The Song of Crazy Horse. The title track, which ran for 18 minutes, was recorded at Stebbing Studio in Auckland. Musicians who played on the album were Frank Gibson Jr. on drums, Billy Kristian on bass, Mike Walker on piano, Bob Jackson on guitar and Jimmy Sloggett on saxophone. Tony Baker produced the album as well as handling the conducting chores. Producer Baker also contributed saxophone and organ. The album became the Album of the Year, picking up 1974 RATA award.\n\n2000s\nIn the early 2000s Blackfoot returned to New Zealand and while there he recorded the Co-Dependent Dysfunctional You double album. Around the mid-2000s he was still performing throughout the Midwest.\n\nIn 2007 The Ultimate Prophecy was re-released.\n\nIn October, 2016 he was inducted into the “St. Louis Classic Rock Hall of Fame. Even though he was from Columbus, Ohio, the category he was inducted in was the \"Outside Influence\" category for those who have had a great influence on the St. Louis music market. After 50 years of performing, he was calling it quits for performing live. The JD Blackfoot Farewell Concert was announced for May 20, 2017 at the Touhill Anheuser-Busch Performance Hall. Also in 2017, the documentary Never Say Goodbye was released. Along with Rusty Young and Jesse Colin Young, J. D. Blackfoot appeared in it.\n\nDiscography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Website\n AllMusic: J.D. Blackfoot\n Buckeye Beat: J. D. Blackfoot (band)\n Discogs: J.D. Blackfoot\n\nPhilips Records artists\nMercury Records artists", "The Blackfoot or Blackfeet are groups of people from the Blackfoot language-speaking nations who constitute the Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States.\n\nBlackfoot or Blackfeet may also refer to:\n\nPlaces\n\nCanada\n Blackfoot, Alberta\n Blackfoot, British Columbia\n Blackfoot diatreme, a volcanic pipe in British Columbia, Canada\n\nUnited States\n Blackfoot, Idaho\n Blackfoot, Montana\n Blackfoot, Texas\n Blackfoot Creek, a stream in South Dakota\n Blackfoot Glacier, in Montana\n Blackfoot Mountain, in Montana\n Blackfoot Mountains, in Idaho\n Blackfoot River (disambiguation)\n\nOther uses\n Blackfoot language, an Algonquian language spoken by the Blackfoot people\n Sihasapa, or Blackfoot Sioux, an unrelated people\n Blackfoot (band), an American rock band\n Black foot disease of grapevine, a plant disease\n Blackfoot, a fictional character in the Warriors novel series\n J. Blackfoot (1946–2011), American soul singer\n J. D. Blackfoot (born 1944), an American rock musician\n Melampodium, or blackfoots, a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family\n Pied-Noir ('Black Feet'), people of French or European origin born in Algeria during French rule 1830–1962\n Tamiya Blackfoot, a radio-controlled model truck\n\nSee also\n\n Gangrene, a type of tissue death that may change skin black" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika.", "Does any record exist of the Blackfoots' early history ?", "The name is said to have come from the color of the peoples' moccasins, made of leather. They had typically dyed or painted the soles of their moccasins black.", "How did the Blackfoot early society worked ?", "Due to language and cultural patterns, anthropologists believe the Niitsitapi did not originate in the Great Plains of the Midwest North America," ]

[ "Where Do You Think You're Going may refer to:\n\n\"Where Do You Think You're Going\", a song by Johnny Mathis from the 1959 album Faithfully\n\"Where Do You Think You're Going?\", song by Dire Straits from 1979 album Communiqué\n\"Where Do You Think You're Going\", song by Shania Twain from the deluxe edition of the 2017 album Now", "The succedaneous teeth are the permanent teeth that replace the deciduous teeth. Permanent molars are not succedaneous teeth because they do not replace any primary teeth. Succedaneous teeth originate from successional laminae whereas permanent molars originate from the general dental lamina. \n\nBegin to form as early as 24 weeks.\n\nSee also\nDental anatomy.\n\nReferences\n^ Ash, Major M. and Stanley J. Nelson. Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion. 8th edition. 2003. p. 3. .\n\nTypes of teeth" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika.", "Does any record exist of the Blackfoots' early history ?", "The name is said to have come from the color of the peoples' moccasins, made of leather. They had typically dyed or painted the soles of their moccasins black.", "How did the Blackfoot early society worked ?", "Due to language and cultural patterns, anthropologists believe the Niitsitapi did not originate in the Great Plains of the Midwest North America,", "Where do they think they originate ?", "One legendary story claimed that the Siksika walked through ashes of prairie fires, which in turn colored the bottoms of their moccasins black." ]

[ "There are a number of times in which the canonical gospels describe Jesus Christ praying to God. \n\n\nRecorded prayers\nThe gospels record words that Jesus spoke in prayer:\n\nThanking God for his revelation (Matthew 11:25, Luke 10:21)\nBefore the raising of Lazarus (John 11:41-42)\n\"Father, glorify your name\" (John 12:28)\nHis prayer in John 17\nThree prayers in the Garden of Gethsemane\nThree prayers on the cross:\n\"Father forgive them; for they know not what they do\" (Luke 23:34)\n\"My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken me?\" (Matt 27:46, Mark 15:34)\n\"Father, into thy hands I commit my spirit\" (Luke 23:46)\n\nOther references to Jesus praying\nOther references to Jesus praying include:\nAt his baptism (Luke 3:21)\nRegular time of withdrawal from the crowds (Luke 5:16)\nAfter healing people in the evening (Mark 1:35)\nBefore walking on water (Matt 14:23, Mark 6:46, John 6:15)\nBefore choosing the Twelve (Luke 6:12)\nBefore Peter's confession (Luke 9:18)\nAt the Transfiguration (Luke 9:29)\nBefore teaching his disciples the Lord's Prayer (Luke 11:1)\nJesus says that he has prayed for Peter's faith (Luke 22:32)\n\nIn addition to this, Jesus said grace before the feeding miracles, at the Last Supper, and at the supper at Emmaus.\n\nR. A. Torrey notes that Jesus prayed early in the morning as well as all night, that he prayed both before and after the great events of his life, and that he prayed \"when life was unusually busy\".\n\nSee also\nChristian prayer\nPrayer in the New Testament and Old Testament\n\nReferences\n\nLife of Jesus in the New Testament\nChristian prayer", "Tapio () is a Finnish forest spirit or god in Finnish mythology. Hunters prayed to him before a hunt and prayed to the nut god after the hunt. His wife is the goddess of the forest, Mielikki. He is the father of Annikki, Tellervo, Nyyrikki (the god of hunting), and Tuulikki. Fitting the Green Man archetype, Tapio has a beard of lichen and eyebrows of moss. \n\nMikael Agricola mentions Tapio as a Tavastian god in the prologue to his Finnish translation of the Book of Psalms, .\n\nHe lends his name, in the form of Tapiola, to: \n\n one of the major urban centres within the city of Espoo outside Helsinki; and \n an unincorporated community in the US state of Michigan. \n\nHe has appeared various times in songs by Finnish metal bands. For example, in the symphonic metal band Nightwish's song, \"Elvenpath\", he is referred to as \"Tapio, Bear-king, Ruler of the forest\". The name has also been used extensively by the folk metal band Korpiklaani, especially in their album Spirit of the Forest.\n\nJean Sibelius' tone poem Tapiola (1926) is a depiction of the forest Tapio inhabits.\n\nReferences\n\nFinnish gods\nHunting gods\nCharacters in the Kalevala\nTree gods" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika.", "Does any record exist of the Blackfoots' early history ?", "The name is said to have come from the color of the peoples' moccasins, made of leather. They had typically dyed or painted the soles of their moccasins black.", "How did the Blackfoot early society worked ?", "Due to language and cultural patterns, anthropologists believe the Niitsitapi did not originate in the Great Plains of the Midwest North America,", "Where do they think they originate ?", "One legendary story claimed that the Siksika walked through ashes of prairie fires, which in turn colored the bottoms of their moccasins black.", "What kind of god they prayed to ?", "I don't know." ]

[ "The Dark Hunter Universe is the world in which multiple interlocking series come together to create one massive epic tale. Each series is marked by the type of creatures the novels are about.\n\nThe Dark-Hunter, Lords Of Avalon, Were-Hunter, Dream-Hunter, Hellchaser, and Chronicles Of Nick series all happen within the same universe and their stories connect.\n\nA single book can include elements from multiple parts of each sect of this vast world.\n\nThey are written by #1 New York Times Best Selling author Sherrilyn Kenyon. Some are written under her penname: Kinley MacGregor.\n\nThe Dark-Hunters are immortal warriors who sell their souls to the Greek goddess Artemis for an Act of Vengeance against the one who murdered them. Once they've had their revenge, they are dedicated to defending mankind against Daimons (a psychic race cursed by Apollo) and other preternatural enemies.\n\nThe Were-Hunters are shape-shifters consisting of the Katagaria and the Arcadians. The Katagaria have animal hearts and are animals who can turn into humans. Arcadians are humans who are capable to turning into animals. Both have the ability to time-travel.\n\nThe Dream-Hunters are Greek gods consisting of the Oneroi and the Skoti. The Oneroi were cursed by Zeus to have no emotions after they played a prank on him. The Skoti are the Oneroi who have succumbed to the emotions they siphon off dreamers and who have become addicted to them. The Oneroi police their activity for fear of Zeus punishing them again and purging their ranks, as he did before.\n\nHellchasers are charged with policing the demons who roam the earth and protecting humanity, and others from them.\n\nReading Order\nDark-Hunters (Formerly Fantasy Lover) (Julian and Grace)\n\"Dragonswan\" (Were-Hunter; Sebastian and Channon)(short story originally published in Out of This World; reprinted in In Other Worlds)\nNight Pleasures (Dark-Hunter; Kyrian and Amanda)\nNight Embrace (Dark-Hunter; Talon and Sunshine)\n\"Phantom Lover\" (Dream-Hunter; V'Aidan and Erin) (short story originally published in Midnight Pleasures; reprinted in Dark Bites)\nDance with the Devil (Dark-Hunter; Zarek and Astrid)\n\"A Dark-Hunter Christmas\" (Dark-Hunter; published online; printed in Dark Bites)\nKiss of the Night (Dark-Hunter; Wulf and Cassandra)\nSword of Darkness, (Lords Of Avalon, 2006)() (as Kinley MacGregor)\nKnight of Darkness, (Lords Of Avalon, 2006) () (as Kinley MacGregor)\nNight Play (Were-Hunter; Vane and Bride)\nSeize the Night (Dark-Hunter; Valerius and Tabitha)\nSins of the Night (Dark-Hunter; Alexion and Dangereuse)\n\"Winter Born\" (Were-Hunter; Dante and Pandora; originally printed in Stroke of Midnight; reprinted in \"Dark Bites\")\n\"Second Chances\" (Dark-Hunter)(published online, excerpt found in its entirety in \"Styxx\")\nUnleash the Night (Were-Hunter; Wren and Maggie)\nDark Side of the Moon (Dark-Hunter/Were-Hunter; Ravyn and Susan)\n\"A Hard Day's Night Searcher\" (Dark-Hunter; Rafael and Celena; originally published in My Big Fat Supernatural Wedding; reprinted in Dark Bites)\n\"Until Death We Do Part\" (Dark-Hunter; Velkan and Retta)(originally published in Love at First Bite; reprinted in Dark Bites)\n\"Fear the Darkness\" (Dark-Hunter)(originally published online; printed in Dark Bites)\nThe Dream-Hunter (Dream-Hunter; Arikos and Megeara)\nDevil May Cry (Dark-Hunter; Sin and Katra)\nUpon The Midnight Clear (Dream-Hunter; Leta and Aidan)\nDream Chaser (Dream-Hunter; Xypher and Simone)\nAcheron (Dark-Hunter; Acheron and Soteria)\n\"Where Angels Fear To Tread\" (Hellchaser)(originally published in Blood Lite)\n\"Shadow of the Moon\" (Were-Hunter; Fury and Angelia)(originally published in Dead After Dark; reprinted in Dark Bites)\nOne Silent Night (Dark-Hunter; Stryker and Zephyra)\nDream Warrior (Dream-Hunter; Jericho and Delphine)\nBad Moon Rising (Were-Hunter/Hellchaser; Fang and Aimee)\nNo Mercy (Dark-Hunter/Were-Hunter; Dev and Sam)\nRetribution (Dark-Hunter; Jess and Abby)\nThe Guardian (Were-Hunter/Dream-Hunter; Seth and Lydia)\nTime Untime (Dark-Hunter; Ren and Kateri) \n\"House of the Rising Son\" (Dark-Hunter; Aricles and Bathymaas) (prequel to Styxx; printed in Dark Bites)\nStyxx (Dark-Hunter; Styxx and Bethany)\nSon of No One (Hellchaser; Cadegan and Jo)\nDragonbane (Were-Hunter; Maxis and Seraphina)\nDragonmark (Were-Hunter; Illarion and Edilyn)\nDragonsworn (Were-Hunter; Falcyn and Medea)\nStygian (Dark-Hunter; Urian and Phoebe/Sarraxyn)\n\nChronicles of Nick\nThe Dark-Hunter universe also includes a Young-Adult spin-off/prequel series, The Chronicles of Nick, featuring a character named Nicholas (Nick) Ambrosius Gautier who appears throughout the Dark-Hunter Series.\n\nInfinity\nInvincible\nInfamous\nInferno\nIllusion\nInstinct \nInvision\nIntensity\n\nShadows of Fire\nShadows of Fire is a four book continuation of The Chronicles of Nick series.\n\nHeart of Venom\nWill of Iron\nFist of Fire\nEye of Stone\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nSherrilyn Kenyon Reading List\nSherrilyn Kenyon's Official Website\n\nFantasy novel series", "Hunter King is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Scott Lee. The actor did not think he would win the role, as he believed that he had performed badly in the audition. However, after receiving a callback, Lee was cast as Hunter and he began filming the following week. His casting was revealed when he attended the 57th Logie Awards alongside other Home and Away cast members. The role marks Lee's television acting debut. Reece Milne, who went on to play Tank Snelgrove in the show, also auditioned for the part. Lee made his first appearance as Hunter during the episode broadcast on 27 July 2015.\n\nHunter is portrayed as brooding, moody, and misunderstood. Hunter had a tough upbringing and was left without a male role model in his life upon his grandfather's death. His bad actions stem from his desire to have a family and be loved. Lee enjoyed exploring the similarities between himself and his character. Hunter's attitude began to change as he settled into Summer Bay, as he realised that his attitude was pushing people away. Hunter was introduced as the secret son of Zac MacGuire (Charlie Clausen). His presence caused Zac's relationship with Leah Patterson-Baker (Ada Nicodemou) to become strained, as he wanted his father all to himself.\n\nHunter's later storylines saw him kidnapped and drugged by Trystan Powell (Ben Mingay), and named as a suspect in his mother Charlotte King's (Erika Heynatz) murder. Lee said Hunter loved his mother, despite the many bad things she did. Hunter formed a romantic relationship with Olivia Fraser Richards (Raechelle Banno), as she helped him deal with his grief and bond with his family. The relationship was tested by Hunter's failure to plan for his future and an unplanned pregnancy. When they broke up in 2016, Lee hoped they would eventually reconcile, as he thought the pair were soulmates. In late 2016, Lee announced his intentions to leave Home and Away to pursue other roles. His character departed on 10 September 2018.\n\nCasting\nScott Lee's casting was revealed when he appeared alongside the Home and Away cast at the Logie Awards in May 2015. He had been filming with the show for around three months prior to his appearance. Two months later, Lee's casting as Hunter was officially announced. Lee told his agent that he did not think he would win the role, as he believed that he had performed badly in his audition. He later received a callback and started filming the following week. Actor Reece Milne also auditioned for the role of Hunter, before he was cast as Tank Snelgrove a month later. The role marks Lee's television acting debut. Lee commented that joining the cast was \"very exciting\", and he told Kaylee Martin of The West Australian: \"It's Home and Away, you grow up watching it and I just thought 'if I'd ever get on that show, it would be so out of this world'. It was really bizarre and strange walking past Ray Meagher and all the people who have been on there that you grow up watching, I'm over the moon.\" Lee made his first appearance as Hunter during the episode broadcast on 27 July 2015.\n\nDevelopment\n\nCharacterisation\nAhead of his first appearance, Lee described Hunter as being \"angsty, brooding and moody\". Lee told Stephen Downie of TV Week that Hunter's actions stem from his desire to have a family and be loved by them. His grandfather's death left him without a \"solid\" male role model in his life, and Lee thought Hunter was \"searching for support.\" Lee also thought Hunter was misunderstood, saying \"he may seem very disrespectful, but at the end of the day he is a hurt soul...\" The actor also said Hunter had \"a bit of a temper\" and that his issue stem from his tough upbringing. Lee found Hunter's \"bad guy\" persona fun to play, as he was nothing like that in real life. He explained, \"Hunter is very misunderstood and treads on people's toes in a big way, when you get the chance to do something different that's away from yourself it's really cool.\"\n\nLee also enjoyed exploring the similarities between himself and his character, especially with Hunter's background being quite different to his own. As he settled into the Bay, Hunter's attitude started to change. Lee explained that Hunter realised that he cannot continue to act in the same manner, as he was pushing those around him away. Since Hunter just wanted to be loved and have a good life, he knew that he had to change what he was doing to make that happen. Lee told Kerry Harvey of Stuff.co.nz that Hunter's emotions often took over and he forgot to stop and look at what he had. He also advised his character to stop being \"so aggressive\" and relax.\n\nIntroduction\n\nLee told Peter Way of the Macarthur Chronicle Wollondilly that Hunter's arrival would cause trouble between some of the established couples within the show. After following his mother, Charlotte King (Erika Heynatz), to Summer Bay, Hunter burns down Leah Patterson-Baker's (Ada Nicodemou) house and assaults Josh Barrett (Jackson Gallagher) after breaking into Summer Bay House. Hunter then asks to meet his father Zac MacGuire (Charlie Clausen), who resides in the town. Hunter later shows up to a community fundraising banquet for Zac and his fiancée Leah, and he reveals that he is Zac's son. Lee explained that Hunter had begun to feel invisible and was no longer able to stand by and watch Zac with his \"other family\". He also said Hunter was often impulsive and did not think about the consequences of his actions. Zac is shocked by Hunter's revelation and demands answers from Charlotte, who confirms that Hunter is telling the truth. As Zac struggles to understand why Charlotte kept Hunter a secret from him, he ends up rejecting his son. Lee called Zac's bad reaction \"a massive slap in the face\" for Hunter, and added, \"he's waited his whole life to meet his father – he just wants to be a normal kid with a loving family.\"\n\nHunter's presence causes strain in Zac and Leah's relationship, as he makes it clear to Leah that he wants his father all to himself. Nicodemou explained that Leah does not trust Hunter and although she feels that she should be more accepting, she is uncomfortable around him. Leah also believes that Hunter is trying to get between her and Zac. After voicing her concerns to Zac, he refuses to believe his son is deliberately causing trouble for them. However, Hunter soon \"makes a spectacle\" by pretending to drown in the sea, leading Zac to miss a meeting with Leah. Nicodemou commented, \"After Leah hears that Hunter didn't want to go to hospital, she thinks it was just a plot to get his mum and dad back together. Of course Zac is very upset when she suggests this – she's accused Hunter of things before, and Zac feels she should trust him by now.\" Leah comes to realise that Zac may be forced to choose between her and Hunter in the future, so she decides to end their engagement, believing that it the best thing for her family. Hunter eventually starts to see Zac and Leah as his second family instead of something that he has to break up.\n\nKidnap and Charlotte's murder\nIn November 2015, Hunter was involved in his mother's blackmail storyline. Charlotte was being threatened by Trystan Powell (Ben Mingay), who wanted her to find evidence that Darryl Braxton (Steve Peacocke) was still alive. When Charlotte fails to find out any information, Trystan has Hunter kidnapped. Lee told Stephen Downie of TV Week that Hunter goes out to clear his head when he is grabbed by two men. He knows something weird is going on with his mother, and thinks that this has something to do with it. Hunter is dragged into a waiting car and drugged. His stepbrother VJ Patterson (Matt Little) witnesses everything and tries to chase the car, but it pulls away. VJ then alerts Zac and Leah to Hunter's kidnapping and they contact the police. Meanwhile, Hunter wakes up alone in the bush and suffering with the effects of the chloroform used to knock him out. Lee explained, \"He is disorientated, confused, and he doesn't know where he is. Waking up in the middle of the bush is a terrifying thing to happen to someone.\" Hunter manages to stumble through the bush until he is within sight of the road, and when he thinks he hears a car approaching he tries to walk towards the sound. But still suffering from being drugged, Hunter collapses. Downie noted that things did not look good for Hunter, as he needed medical attention and was at risk of exposure after spending a night in the bush. Constable Kat Chapman (Pia Miller) eventually finds Hunter.\n\nAfter Charlotte dies from being shot by a mystery assailant, a whodunnit storyline began and Hunter was named as one of ten suspects. When Kat comes to Summer Bay House with news of Charlotte's death, Hunter is not there as he has briefly left town. When he returns home, he learns of his mother's death and \"shuts down and goes numb\". Lee continued, \"In time these feelings that he's suppressed will comes out, but I think his first stage of grieving is to not deal with it – it's too much to handle.\" The actor pointed out that Hunter did love Charlotte, explaining that she was his only parent for a large part of his life and while they had some \"challenging times\" before her death, she was still his mother. Producers introduced Detective Dylan Carter (Jeremy Lindsay Taylor) for the plot, and he immediately begins questioning anyone who had a reason to want Charlotte dead. Hunter is at the top of his list, and Carter thinks that Hunter is capable of killing his mother. Lee thought that there were plenty of things linking Hunter to Charlotte's murder, as they had \"a close but turbulent relationship\". Zac and Leah also suspect that Hunter could be responsible, having witnessed him losing his temper with Charlotte at their wedding. When asked by Sarah Ellis of Inside Soap if his character was a killer, Lee replied that Hunter easily loses control and was capable of doing some \"extreme stuff without thinking of the consequences\". He added that many viewers thought that Hunter was guilty and joked that his feelings were hurt by the speculation.\n\nAfter Hunter learns Andy Barrett (Tai Hara) has confessed to murdering Charlotte, he plans to get revenge. Lee quipped, \"Nothing is going to stop him.\" Hunter goes to the police station and demands to speak with Andy, but his request is refused. Downie (TV Week) observed that Hunter was a \"ticking time bomb\", while Lee said that his character suppressed his emotions in the wake of his mother's death. He also feels guilty that many of the bad things she did – such as killing his cousin Denny Miller (Jessica Grace Smith) – were done to protect him. Struggling to control his emotions, Hunter waits outside the station. When he sees Andy being led from his cell, Hunter grabs a pair of scissors and stabs him.\n\nRelationship with Olivia Fraser Richards\n\nLee hoped Hunter would get a love interest at some point during his tenure, commenting \"everyone wants a girlfriend!\" Producers later established a friendship between Hunter and Olivia Fraser Richards (Raechelle Banno) following her return to the Bay two months later. While they are spending time together at the beach pool, Olivia asks Hunter not to look at her when she gets out of the water. However, Hunter \"can't resist a peek\" and is shocked when he notices Olivia's thighs are covered in scars. Hunter realises that Olivia is hiding something, and he later tells VJ about the scars, as he feels that he cannot talk to Olivia about it. VJ, who is competing with Hunter for Olivia's affections, takes the opportunity to tell Olivia that Hunter saw her scars and says he will be there for her. Olivia helps Hunter to deal with his mother's death and bond with his new family. Their relationship is tested by Hunter's failure to plan for the future, and the arrival of Lindsay Ford (Georgia Flood), who wants Hunter for herself.\n\nHunter surprises her with a romantic \"high tea\" picnic in the bush. Lee called the gesture \"a bit cute\". He also said that Hunter spends the day \"feeling odd\", but he does not get it checked out as he is stubborn. During the picnic, Hunter suddenly doubles over in pain and collapses. Unable to get a phone signal, Olivia leaves Hunter to run to the road and flags down the first car she sees, which happens to be Zac's. As Hunter's condition deteriorates, Zac manages to contact Doctor Nate Cooper (Kyle Pryor), who diagnoses Hunter with a tension pneumothorax. Lee told an Inside Soap writer that he was nervous about the scenes. He wanted them to look as accurate as possible, and was offered advice by a nurse on the set. Nate talks Zac through the procedure to ease Hunter's condition, but as Zac makes the incision with a knife, he is momentarily reminded of the attack he suffered in prison. Zac manages to get Hunter breathing again and he is later given the all-clear at the hospital.\n\nThe \"traumatic\" experience brings Hunter and Olivia closer together. Banno said Olivia wants a fresh start, and the fact that their relationship is back on track means a lot to her. When Hunter tries to initiate sex, Olivia appears to be thinking about something else. Olivia organises another picnic for them both, but she is unable to tell Hunter what is bothering her and leaves the date early. Olivia then takes a pregnancy test and learns she is pregnant. When Hunter hears the news, his instinct is to flee, but he realises that he needs to face the situation with Olivia. Banno explained, \"They're two 16-year-olds dealing with an adult issue. He was there for her and ready to make the decisions they needed to make together.\" Hunter and Olivia make the decision to have an abortion. Olivia struggles after the procedure and begins self-harming again.\n\nHunter punches Jordan Walsh (Benny Turland) in the face when he gets drunk at a party. The following day, Jordan tells Olivia that she deserves better, and she considers his advice, as Hunter's actions have really affected their relationship. Olivia attempts to reconcile with Hunter, but when she tells him what Jordan said, Hunter breaks up with her in a \"jealous rage\". Olivia then accepts that their relationship is over. The couple later reconciled, before breaking up again. Olivia was then paired with newcomer Mason Morgan (Orpheus Pledger). Banno said that Hunter and Olivia hope that they will reunite, but they both have this fear that they might not. The actress stated, \"They broke up, not because they don't love each other anymore, but because they seemed a bit toxic around each other.\" When Hunter receives a job at the Bait Shop, he immediately tells Olivia and asks her to help him celebrate. When he notices a text message on her phone from Mason, they argue and Olivia says that she might be better off with Mason. During an interview with Kerry Harvey of Stuff.co.nz Lee thought Hunter's relationship with Olivia had calmed his character down. He said the couple were \"soulmates\", who would always love each other, but their relationship had become \"a little bit co-dependent\".\n\nHunter and Olivia later reunite and their relationship is immediately tested when VJ attempts to kiss Olivia. The plot begins with Olivia and Hunter taking VJ out to Salt in a bid to cheer him up, after he loses custody of his step-daughter. VJ drinks too much alcohol and he becomes verbally abusive towards Hunter. Olivia is trying to calm VJ down when he kisses her. Hunter and VJ fight, forcing Olivia to separate them. She then \"goes ballistic\" at Hunter, causing tension between them. Hunter decides to propose to Olivia, and he purchases an engagement ring while he is drunk. Lee thought that his character was serious about his love for Olivia though. While they are dining at Salt, Hunter places the ring in Olivia's champagne glass, but it gets knocked to the floor and she believes the ring belongs to someone else. Lee said Hunter is \"a bit embarrassed\", especially when Olivia calls the ring \"ugly\". The incident prompts Hunter to plan the proposal out properly. However, Lee did not want Hunter to go through with it, as he believed the couple were no longer compatible, stating, \"Once upon a time, I would have said that Hunter and Olivia were perfectly suited. But their lives have taken different directions – and I don't think they complement each other in a healthy way.\" Hunter organises a second proposal. He makes \"a heartfelt speech\" about their relationship in front of their friends, but Olivia rejects him and leaves the beach.\n\nDeparture\nIn the 24 December 2016 – 6 January 2017 edition of TV Week, Lee confirmed that he would be leaving the show at the end of 2017 to pursue his acting career in the United States. Lee stated, \"I'm excited. The times I've had has gone so quickly and I've learnt a lot as an actor.\" Hunter departed on 10 September 2018. His exit storyline sees him leave the Bay to join Zac in Vietnam. Lee said, \"He wants a fresh start. Nothing's going right in his life, so making this move could really help.\" Lee's departure came shortly after Banno also departed the serial. Lee explained that he and Banno thought they would leave together, as their characters were involved for so long, but he liked that they received their own exits, as it allowed them to \"stand on their own two feet.\" Lee also liked that his final scene had his character receiving advice from Alf. He added, \"I'll never forget it. Home and Away has been such a special period of my life.\"\n\nStorylines\nAfter spending days following Zac MacGuire and Leah Patterson-Baker around Summer Bay, Hunter breaks into Summer Bay House and rummages through their drawers. Josh Barrett catches him and Hunter knocks him down the stairs. VJ Patterson gives chase and manages to pull Hunter's backpack off of him. Hunter then visits his mother, Charlotte, at her motel room and tells her he is done waiting and wants to meet Zac, his father, now. She realises that he set fire to Zac and Leah's house and sends him away. Upon his return, Hunter finds Zac and reveals that he is his son. VJ confronts Hunter about pushing Josh down the stairs and they fight. Zac and Hunter bond over a shared interest in basketball. Hunter has trouble accepting Leah and VJ as part of his life. He manipulates Zac into spending more time with him, causing a strain on Zac and Leah's relationship. After arguing with them about his behaviour, Hunter breaks into Leah's diner and steals the safe. He accidentally exposes some electrical wiring and knocks over a bucket of water, causing Marilyn Chambers (Emily Symons) to suffer a serious electric shock. Hunter feels guilty, but Charlotte refuses to let him go to the police and instead sends him to stay with his grandmother for a few days.\n\nHunter promises Zac that he will try to be a better son. He soon learns Charlotte has been having sex with Matt Page (Alec Snow), a high school student, and that she has stolen money from his trust fund. He moves out of their apartment and stays with Zac and Leah. Hunter is abducted by Trystan Powell, who wants revenge on Charlotte. He is drugged and left in the bush. Hunter is eventually rescued by Kat Chapman. Hunter begins a relationship with Olivia Fraser Richards. When he learns that Charlotte plans to reveal he was behind the fire at Leah's house and that she killed his cousin, Denny Miller, Hunter leaves the Bay after flagging down passing motorist, Lindsay Ford. On his return, Hunter finds out his mother has died. He finally admits that he caused the fire at Leah's house during Billie Ashford's (Tessa de Josselin) arson trial. He is later accused of his mother's murder. Lindsay tries to break up his relationship when she tells Olivia that she and Hunter kissed. Lindsay takes Alf Stewart's (Ray Meagher) ute and knocks Hunter over when he tries to stop her. He later suffers a collapsed lung during a picnic with Olivia, and Zac performs an emergency procedure to get him breathing properly again.\n\nOlivia falls pregnant and she and Hunter decide to have an abortion, as they are not ready to be parents. Hunter and Olivia's relationship is strained and she starts self-harming again. Hunter stabs Andy Barrett after learning he was responsible for Charlotte's death. Hunter is arrested and given community service work. He later learns Andy's brother Josh shot his mother. Hunter befriends Jordan Walsh during his community service and invites him to a party at The Farmhouse. Hunter gets drunk and fights with Jordan, leading to the break up of relationship with Olivia. Olivia's new friend Tabitha Ford (Eliza Scanlen) warns Hunter to stay away from her, before she begins manipulating Olivia. Tabitha frames Hunter when she accesses school records and changes his exam score, resulting in his suspension. Olivia eventually ends her friendship with Tabitha, who seeks revenge. She dresses in a similar style to Olivia, enters Hunter's caravan at night and kisses him in the hope of breaking up his friendship with Olivia. Hunter rescues Olivia when Tabitha poses as Olivia's abuser on social media. Olivia and Hunter reconcile. Hunter becomes stressed about his final exams and his lack of plans for university. He is also tempted to cheat when he is offered the English exam paper.\n\nOlivia asks that they take a break from their relationship. Hunter clashes with John Palmer (Shane Withington), when John fails him during his Bronze Medallion exam. Hunter smashes John's walkie talkie after he bumps into him. When a fire breaks out at the caravan park, Hunter is blamed, but John soon realises that he caused the fire and apologises. Hunter later finds John collapsed outside the surf club and he and Olivia call an ambulance. Hunter becomes jealous when Olivia begins dating Mason Morgan. When a bush fire breaks out and heads towards the Summer Grooves music festival, Hunter risks his life to find Olivia and Mason. After escaping the fire, Hunter is injured when he returns to find Olivia, who later turns up safe. The police bring Hunter in for questioning about the recent cases of arson around the town. Hunter fights with Mason, and later suggests to Olivia that they should stay away from each other. After Olivia breaks up with Mason, Hunter helps her out with her university nerves by asking Evelyn to give her a tour of the campus. Hunter and Olivia get back together. After they struggle to find time to see each other, Hunter suggests he and Olivia move in together and she agrees. They eventually find a place, but they are forced to clean it up. After they are burgled, Irene invites them to move in with her. Hunter and Olivia take out VJ to cheer him up, but when he gets drunk and tries to kiss Olivia, Hunter fights with him.\n\nZac falls from the roof of Summer Bay House and Hunter initially blames Leah, as Zac was trying to get her attention. When Zac makes a remark about when his break up with Charlotte occurred, Hunter starts to question his paternity. After learning Zac is planning to leave the Bay, he conducts a DNA test. When Zac says he wants Hunter to come with him, Hunter tries to stop VJ from posting the test, but he is too late. The results arrive and Hunter throws them away, before retrieving them and learning that Zac is not his father. After he tells Zac, he encourages him to leave the Bay. Hunter struggles with the revelation about his paternity and Olivia encourages him to stay in contact with Zac. Alf asks Hunter to help out with an event at the beach, and he clashes with Mason. After he tries to start a fight, Hunter breaks down and tells Mason about Zac. They apologise to each other. Hunter decides to look for his biological father and contacts his grandmother, Peggy King (Caroline Gillmer), who comes to the Bay. He tells her about Zac, but Peggy reacts badly and accuses Hunter of ruining Charlotte's life. Olivia makes things worse when she talks with Peggy, who tells the police about the Diner robbery, leading to Hunter's arrest. He and Olivia have a big argument. Hunter apologises to Irene, Marilyn and Leah, before learning that he will not be charged. Hunter and Peggy reconcile and she suggests that a former neighbour, Wally Burns (Julian Garner), could be his father. Hunter writes to Wally, but the letter is returned to him. However, Wally comes to the Bay and meets with Hunter. He tells him that he cannot be his father, as he is infertile. Hunter asks Wally to take a DNA test, before Wally leaves. He returns a few days later and reveals that a DNA test confirmed that he is Hunter's father. Hunter tries to bond with Wally, but finds that they do not have much in common.\n\nReception\nFollowing Hunter's early appearances, an Inside Soap writer commented, \"From what we've seen of Hunter so far, it seems he could be big trouble!\" Another writer for the publication called him a \"creepy teenager\". While Sarah Ellis branded him \"volatile\". Michael Cregan included the reveal of Hunter's identity in his feature on the top five moments for Tuesday 22 September 2015. Cregan wrote, \"At last! The identity of the mysterious stranger lurking around Summer Bay is revealed tonight, and it's worth waiting for. Yes, the hooded stranger is none other than Charlotte's son, Hunter.\" Lee revealed that when fans met him in real life they appeared to be scared of him due to Hunter's actions.\n\nKerry Harvey of Stuff.com.nz said Hunter \"upset locals and fans with his wicked ways.\" Both Kaylee Martin of The West Australian and Stephen Downie of TV Week branded Hunter a \"bad boy\". Martin also wrote \"brooding teenager Hunter will be creating drama and shaking things up\". Following Charlotte's death, a reporter for the South Wales Echo noted, \"Hunter's world is turned upside down when he finds out about Andy's confession.\" In November 2015, 58% of TV Week readers voted that they liked Hunter and Olivia as a couple.\n\nOf Hunter and Christina's chemistry, a South Wales Echo reported observed, \"she's married, he's a hunk – and fate keeps throwing them together. Surely it's only a matter of time before one thing leads to another for Christina and Hunter.\" A writer for Liverpool Echo wrote, \"Hunter has been having a tough time, so you would imagine that finally hearing Christina admit she made up her allegations would put a smile on his face. However, he had to trick her into it, so takes no pleasure.\" Summing up Hunter's time in the Bay, Tamara Cullen of TV Week stated \"From a troubled teen to a loveable larrikin, Hunter's time in the Bay has been action-packed.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nHunter King at the Official Home and Away website\n\nHome and Away characters\nTelevision characters introduced in 2015\nFictional shopkeepers\nMale villains\nMale characters in television" ]

[ "Blackfoot Confederacy", "Early history", "When is the Blackfoot confederacy started ?", "Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are called Blackfoot or Siksika.", "Does any record exist of the Blackfoots' early history ?", "The name is said to have come from the color of the peoples' moccasins, made of leather. They had typically dyed or painted the soles of their moccasins black.", "How did the Blackfoot early society worked ?", "Due to language and cultural patterns, anthropologists believe the Niitsitapi did not originate in the Great Plains of the Midwest North America,", "Where do they think they originate ?", "One legendary story claimed that the Siksika walked through ashes of prairie fires, which in turn colored the bottoms of their moccasins black.", "What kind of god they prayed to ?", "I don't know.", "Were they hunter ?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Quite Interesting Limited is a British research company, most notable for providing the research for the British television panel game QI (itself an abbreviation of Quite Interesting) and the Swedish version Intresseklubben, as well as other QI–related programmes and products. The company founder and chairman is John Lloyd, the creator and producer of QI, and host of the radio panel game The Museum of Curiosity, which also uses Quite Interesting Limited for its research. John Mitchinson is the company's director and also works as head of research for QI.\n\nAbout\nLloyd founded Quite Interesting Limited in 1999. It is claimed that the idea of founding the company came on Christmas Eve 1993. According to his profile on QI.com, \"he came to the sudden and alarming realisation that he didn't really know anything. Changing gear again, he started reading books for the first time since he was 17. To his horror, he discovered that he hadn't been paying attention and, with painful slowness, unearthed the closely guarded secret that the universe is astoundingly quite interesting.\"\n\nThe philosophy of the company is that it claims that there are four primal drives: food, sex, shelter and curiosity. Out of these, curiosity is supposedly the most important because, \"unlike the other three drives, it is what makes us uniquely human.\" The company claims that, \"Whatever is interesting we are interested in. Whatever is not interesting, we are even more interested in. Everything is interesting if looked at in the right way.\"\n\nThose who carry out research are known as the \"QI Elves\". Notable elves include Justin Pollard and Vitali Vitaliev. They are also responsible for helping to write the questions used on QI. People wishing to become elves are recommended to start by commenting on the forums of the QI website.\n\nProducts\n\nDVDs\n\nBooks\n\nReferences\n\nQI\nCompanies based in Oxford\nBritish companies established in 1999\nPrivately held companies of the United Kingdom", "Asymphorodes fractura is a moth of the family Agonoxenidae. An interesting fact about the 'Asymphorodes fractura' is that has a described, \"wonderfully glorious rear end\". It was described by John Frederick Gates Clarke in 1986. It is found in French Polynesia.\n\nReferences\n\nMoths described in 1986\nAgonoxeninae\nMoths of Oceania\nEndemic fauna of French Polynesia" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason" ]

[ "\"Heart Over Mind\" is the second single from Kim Wilde's 1992 album Love Is, and was released exclusively in the UK.\n\nIt was the final track to be recorded for the album - in fact the album had been completed and this song was sent over by Rick Nowels (who had written other tracks on the album) and Wilde decided to record it. The original album version was edited for the 7\" single release, and extended for the CD-single. The B-side was an exclusive non-album track called \"I've Found a Reason\", and the CD-single also featured an extended version of \"Touched by Your Magic\" from the Love Is album.\n\n\"Heart Over Mind\" became Wilde's 19th Top 40 entry since her career began in 1981.\n\nTrack listing\n\n7\": MCA / KIM 16 (UK) \n\n \"Heart Over Mind\" - 3:45\n \"I've Found A Reason\" - 4:05\n\nCD: MCA / KIMTD 16 (UK) \n\n \"Heart Over Mind\" - 3:45\n \"I've Found A Reason\" - 4:05\n \"Heart Over Mind\" (Extended Version) - 6:35\n \"Touched By Your Magic\" (Extended Version) - 6:43\n\nCD: MCA / KIMXD 16 (UK) \n\n \"Heart Over Mind\" (7\" version) - 3:45\n \"Love Is Holy\" (7\" version) - 4:01\n \"You Keep Me Hangin' On\" (7\" version) - 4:12\n \"Heart Over Mind\" (Extended Version) - 6:35\n\nChart performance\n\nReferences\n\n1992 singles\nKim Wilde songs\n1992 songs\nMusic videos directed by Howard Greenhalgh", "Reason is the analytic faculty of the human mind that maintains objectivity unto inspecting and organizing perceptions.\n\nReason may also refer to:\n Rationality, the quality or state of being reasonable, based on facts or reason\n Reason (argument), a factor which justifies or explains\n The cause of some thing\n\nComputing\n Reason (programming language), an alternative OCaml syntax and toolchain created at Facebook\n Reason (software), a digital music workstation program\n\nLiterature\n Reason (magazine), a monthly libertarian magazine published by the Reason Foundation\n \"Reason\" (short story), a 1941 science fiction short story by Isaac Asimov\n Reason: Why Liberals Will Win the Battle for America, a 2010 book by Robert Reich\n Reason, a fictional weapon system from Neal Stephenson's novel Snow Crash\n\nMusic \n Reason (South African rapper) (born 1987), is a South African rapper\n Reason (rapper) (born 1990), American hip hop artist\n Reason (Nami Tamaki song), a 2004 song by Nami Tamaki\n Reason (Shaman album), a 2005 album by Brazilian power metal band Shamaan\n Reason (Officium Triste album), a 2004 album by doom metal band Officium Triste\n Reason (Yuzu song) a 2012 song by Yuzu\n Reason (Melanie C album), a 2003 album by singer Melanie C\n Reason (Violent Apathy album), 1995\n Reason (Selah Sue album), 2015\n Reason (No Angels song), a 2003 song by German pop band No Angels\n \"Reason\", a 2004 song by German dance trio Cascada\n \"Reason\", a bonus track on the Cranberries's album Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?\n Reason (EP), a 2003 EP by The Fray\n\nOther\n The Reason Foundation, a public policy think tank based in Los Angeles, California, U.S.\n Order of the Reason, a medieval military order native to Spain\nReason (surname)\n\nSee also \n No Reason (disambiguation)\n Reasons (disambiguation)\n The Reason (disambiguation)" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason," ]

[ "On Your Every Word is the second studio album released by Amy Holland in 1983. This was her last studio album, before she spent the rest of the 1980s recording songs for film soundtracks such as Scarface, Teen Wolf, Night of the Comet, St. Elmo's Fire, K-9, and much more. In one of the songs on the album, she sings a duet with David Pack on the song \"I Still Run to You\". There is a cover version of The Four Tops' song \"Shake Me, Wake Me (When It's Over)\" sung by Holland. Steve Lukather collaborates on the album and does a guitar solo during an instrumental break on the last song of the album, Rollin' By. In addition to the album's release, 1983 was the year when Holland and Michael McDonald got married. Holland did not release another studio album until 2008, when she released The Journey to Miracle River.\n\nTrack listing\n\n1983 albums\nAmy Holland albums\nCapitol Records albums", "Katie Waissel is the debut studio album by British singer-songwriter Katie Waissel, released on 14 March 2011.\n\nBackground\nThe song \"The Ugly Truth\" premiered four days before the release of Katie Waissel. The day before the release of the album, she performed the song \"The Ugly Truth\" on The Alan Titchmarsh Show. The entire album is composed of songs recorded during her time on Green Eyed World, when she was signed to Chamberlain Records, this release concluding her two-record contract. Several of the songs can be heard as background music or as Katie performing them on Green Eyed World. Waissel spoke on the album:\n\n“I’m so excited that this album is ready for a release. I co-wrote these songs so they mean a lot to me. To have the opportunity to share them with everyone is a dream come true for me.”\n\nOther songs recorded with Chamberlain Records that have not featured on any release by Waissel but are available online are: a cover of \"Love Me Tender\", \"Love, Life and Money\", \"Crystal Lagoon\", \"Ray of Light\", \"Whole Lotta Love\", \"Rock Steady!\", and \"Maybe\". Katie Waissel did not chart on the UK Albums Chart, or see a full physical release. Since the album's release, Waissel has formed a four-member rock band named \"Red Velvet\", who are expected to release their own debut album.\n\nTrack listing\n\nNotes\n a \"Moving Mountains\" was also previously included on The Private Life of David Reed's self-titled debut album, with Waissel under the alias of \"Lola Fontaine\".\n\n b Acoustic version of \"He's In Love\"\n\nReferences\n\n2011 debut albums\nKatie Waissel albums" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003" ]

[ "This article lists the diplomatic missions of Transnistria. Transnistria is a state with limited recognition, that broke away from Moldova after the War of Transnistria in 1992. Transnistria did not receive recognition from any UN member states. It has been recognized as an independent state by Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh and South Ossetia only. At present, Transnistria has three representative offices abroad.\n\nEurope\n \n Sukhumi (Representative office)\n\n Moscow (Official Diplomatic Bureau)\n \n Tskhinvali (Representative office)\n\nSee also \nForeign relations of Transnistria\nList of diplomatic missions in Transnistria\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic\n\nDiplomatic missions of\nTransnistria\nDiplomatic missions of Transnistria", "This article lists the diplomatic missions in Transnistria. Transnistria is a state with limited recognition, that broke away from Moldova after the War of Transnistria in 1992. Transnistria did not receive recognition from any UN member states. It has been recognized as independent state by Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh and South Ossetia only. At present, the capital Tiraspol hosts no embassies, but two representative offices and one consulate.\n\nEmbassies \nTiraspol\n none\n\nRepresentative offices \nTiraspol\n\nConsulates \nTiraspol\n\n (Consular office)\n\nSee also \nForeign relations of Transnistria\nList of diplomatic missions of Transnistria\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic\n\nDiplomatic missions in\nTransnistria\nDiplomatic missions in Transnistria\nDiplomatic missions" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK." ]

[ "Life Is Full of Possibilities is the third studio album by American electronic music producer Dntel. It was released on October 30, 2001 by Plug Research.\n\n\"(This Is) The Dream of Evan and Chan\", a collaboration with Ben Gibbard of Death Cab for Cutie, was released as a single on August 6, 2002. Dntel would collaborate with Gibbard again for an entire album, Give Up, released in 2003 under the name The Postal Service. The song \"Life Is Full of Possibilities\" includes a repeating sample of Bloop, a sound of undetermined origin.\n\nA two-disc remastered deluxe edition of Life Is Full of Possibilities was released on October 24, 2011 by Sub Pop, which featured four additional songs not included on the initial release, along with remixed versions of other songs from the album.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nCredits are adapted from the album's liner notes.\n\nMusicians\n Dntel – music\n Meredith Figurine – vocals on \"Suddenly Is Sooner Than You Think\"\n Ben Gibbard – vocals on \"(This Is) The Dream of Evan and Chan\"\n Chris Gunst – vocals on \"Umbrella\"\n Rachel Haden – vocals on \"Why I'm So Unhappy\"\n Paul Larson – guitar on \"Last Songs\"\n Brian McMahan – guitar on \"Why I'm So Unhappy\"\n Mia Doi Todd – vocals on \"Anywhere Anyone\"\n\nAdditional personnel\n Low Culture – design\n Brian Tamborello – photography\n D. Zelonky – mastering\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n2001 albums\nDntel albums\nPlug Research albums", "Brother's Blood is the fifth studio album by American indie rock musician Kevin Devine, his first album since 2006 and first release on the Favorite Gentlemen record label.\n\nBackground\nThroughout the course of 2008, Devine premiered a number of demos via his MySpace page and began adding new songs to his live set. The album was recorded in Summer 2008 at Headgear Studios in Brooklyn, New York\n\nIn an interview in June 2009, Devine listed the topics of the album as \"The end of days, a dead dog and his sailor master, hallucinogenic fever dreams, sexual infatuation, vividly imagined infidelity, Irish women, Irish Spring, baby boomers, cold feet, getting responsible, life on life's terms.\"\n\nPromotion and release\nDuring his November/December 2008 tour with Manchester Orchestra, the I Could Be With Anyone EP was released, featuring two b-sides, a demo and the title track which would be later released on Brother's Blood.\n\nThe album was leaked in February 2009, two months before its official release. The leak was so premature that the album's artwork had not yet been finalized. On March 2, 2009, Kevin addressed the leak via his MySpace blog.\n\nDevine's first headlining tour was announced in March 2009, the Brother's Blood tour, which ran from April 24 to June 7, 2009. He was supported by Brian Bonz & The Dot Hongs, Miniature Tigers and Sarah Jaffe.\n\nOn March 25, 2009, the EPK for Brother's Blood was released via Devine's MySpace.\n\nOn June 5, 2009 the video for \"I Could Be with Anyone\" premiered on Spinner.com, featuring \"a series of couples both real and staged in various stages of their relationships.\" It was directed by Sherng-Lee Huang.\n\nAcademy Fight Song (US) and Arctic Rodeo Recordings (Europe) released a limited edition 2xLP for the album in November on colored vinyl, with a laser etched fourth side. The CD version of the album released by Arctic Rodeo features a bonus track, \"She Stayed as Steam\", as track 11. This track, along with another unreleased track, \"Big Bad Man\", features on the She Stayed As Steam EP.\n\nTrack listing\n\nB-Sides\nThe I Could Be with Anyone E.P. features 2 b-sides, \"The Weather Is Wonderful\" and \"What's Keeping Us Young\", along with a demo for \"She Stayed As Steam\".\n\nThe She Stayed As Steam EP features 2 b-sides, \"She Stayed As Steam\" and \"Big Bad Man\", along with 2 remixes,\"Breathe, Breathe Deep (\"Hand Of God\" RMX By Plosive)\" and \"Another Bag of Bones (Devastation Of Death RMX By Trevor Dowdy)\". \"She Stayed As Steam\" also features as a bonus track on the German version of the album.\n\nFull band demos of \"Yr Husband\" and \"Big Bad Man\" feature as bonus downloads with UK version of the album.\n\nReferences\n\nKevin Devine albums\n2009 albums" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK.", "Did she collaborate with anyone on this album?", "I don't know." ]

[ "The Halos & Horns Tour in 2002 was Dolly Parton's first major concert tour in 10 years and was to promote the release of her album Halos & Horns (2002). The tour started in the United States, moved to Ireland and England, before returning to the U.S. to finish.\n\nBackground\nIn the early 1990s Parton had stopped the grueling tour schedule that she had worked for most of her career; she was tired of it and did not see fit to keep a band on payroll. She continued to do casino shows in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Las Vegas, and she also performed (usually annually) themed concerts at her Dollywood theme park.\n\nWith the resurgence of sorts of her career with the release of the album The Grass Is Blue (1999), Parton toyed with the idea of mounting a tour to promote the album. Scheduling conflicts with the many talented, and booked, musicians who played on the album prohibited the tour and the subsequent one which would have promoted the album Little Sparrow (2001). Parton did do some promotional concerts for the albums. She also appeared at the MerleFest at Wilkes Community College in Wilkesboro, North Carolina, on April 28, 2001, and performed a set list that comprised songs from the two albums as well as her greatest hits.\n\nDuring Dollywood's opening weekend in April 2002, it was announced that Parton would release a new album, Halos & Horns, and would launch her first tour in a decade. The tour was promoted and produced by House of Blues. The venues were mainly club settings and seated somewhere between 1,000 and 2,500. Subsequently, every date on the tour sold out. Most reviews praised Parton and her recent bluegrass/folk releases.\n\nParton stated in interviews to promote the album and tour that the shows she would be performing would be very simple. There was no glitz or lights or video monitors that she had employed with her earlier tours in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Most of the songs that made up the set list were in the country/bluegrass/folk vein, although Parton did include her biggest pop hits in an a cappella medley. \"9 to 5\" was treated to a very stripped down, bluegrass treatment.\n\nSet list\nThe following set list is representative of the December 12 and 13 shows at the Celebrity Theatre at Dollywood. It is not representative of all concerts for the duration of the tour.\n\n\"Orange Blossom Special\"\n\"Train Train\"\n\"The Grass Is Blue\"\n\"Mountain Angel\"\n\"Shine\"\n\"Little Sparrow\"\n\"Rocky Top\"\n\"My Tennessee Mountain Home\"\n\"Coat of Many Colors\"\n\"Smoky Mountain Memories\"\n\"Applejack\"\n\"Marry Me\"\n\"Halos and Horns\"\n\"I'm Gone\"\n\"Dagger Through the Heart\"\n\"If\"\n\"After the Gold Rush\"\n\"9 to 5\"\n\"Jolene\"\nAcapella Medley: \"Islands in the Stream\" / \"Here You Come Again\" / \"Why'd You Come in Here Lookin' Like That\" / \"Two Doors Down\"\n\"We Irish\"\nStairway to Heaven\"\n\"I Will Always Love You\"\n\nNotes\n\"Color Me America\", \"Calm on the Water\", \"Try\", \"Down from Dover\", \"I Don't Wanna Throw Rice\", \"He's a Go Getter\", and \"I'll Oilwells Love You\" were performed on select dates.\n\nTour dates\n\nExternal links\nParton's Official Website\n\nReferences\n\n Dollymania page on tour press release\n Village Voice review\n\nDolly Parton concert tours\n2002 concert tours", "This is a list of concert tours by Gloria Estefan, an American pop music singer.\n\nTour information\nSince 1985, Estefan has embarked on six worldwide concert tours performing in several locations worldwide including the five continents. Estefan's first tour was with the Miami Sound Machine and was the tour for support of the album Primitive Love named \"Primitive Love Tour\" in 1985. Her last tour in 2008, the \"90 Millas World Tour,\" was made to promote the album 90 Millas.\n\nAmong all the tours made and listed here the first two are with the Miami Sound Machine, in which Estefan was the lead vocalist, since their separation in 1989, Estefan credited alone and embarked in four tours, two of them, the \"Into The Light\" and \"Evolution\" are cataloged as world tours, and are the most successful on Estefan's career\n\nGloria Estefan first tour with the Miami Sound Machine \"Primitive Love Tour\" was a tour only to the United States with a low budget and just performances of their album, since that tour all the other tours by Estefan had been praised and critically acclaimed, especially her 1996/1997 \"Evolution World Tour\" which was created with a very different concept and making it more a show than just a concert, it eventually became one of the fans favorites and was one of the most successful tour ever for Estefan.\n\nWith the release of the 2007 Spanish-language album 90 Millas, Gloria Estefan did a tour of the European continent to promote the album. Gloria started the tour in August 2008 in Valencia, Spain, and then went to London and also her first concert to a British audience since a decade. She also visited Belfast, Rotterdam and Tenerife. Estefan also performed at the Aruba Music Festival on October 11\n\nIn April 2009, Gloria Estefan she started her first tour of Latin America. She performed in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay and others Latin-American countries. This was the second leg to her last tour promoting 90 Millas. Due to the success of the last performances of Estefan to Europe, she will return to a series of music festivals included as part of this tour in the summer season in 2009, including three more cities: Milan, Locarno and Liverpool. She also added another three dates to the US, as part of a special concert with Carole King for a performance at the Foxwoods Resort Casino, the show being part of this tour is called \"She Got's A Friend\".\n\nTours\n\nNotable concerts\nVh1 Divas Live\nThe Millennium Concert (December 31, 1999, American Airlines Arena, Miami, Florida)\nThe Atlantis Concert (April 19, 2000, Atlantis Paradise Island Hotel Resort, Nassau, Bahamas)\nOne Night Only (November 4, 2001, Mandalay Bay, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA)\nOne Night Only (November 11, 2001, Mohegan Sun, Uncasville, Connecticut, USA)\nLive & Unwrapped (October 2003, The Colosseum at Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA)\nShe's Got A Friend (With Carole King)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Gloria Estefan official site\nSony Music official site\n Gloria Estefan Mexico Fan's Official Site\n\nE" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK.", "Did she collaborate with anyone on this album?", "I don't know.", "Did she tour to promote this album?", "On 24 April 2003, she embarked in the Reason Tour, traveling only in Europe." ]

[ "Spectacular is the second Korean studio album of South Korean boy band, ZE:A. It was released on July 4, 2012 by Star Empire Entertainment.\n\nBackground\n\nBeginning on June 15, 2012 in Busan, ZE:A launched their 'Fighting Project' promotions to promote Spectacular. In these promotions, they held streetcar performances in various cities and met with locals to advertise their second Korean studio album.\n\nConcept picture teasers of group members were released on June 22, 2012. Later, the music video teaser for Aftereffect, the title track of Spectacular, was released on June 29, 2012.\n\nZE:A held a press conference and showcase to preview Spectacular for 1,000 fans. The album's release on July 4, 2012 was preceded by their televised music show promotions, starting with Mnet's M Countdown on July 5, 2012.\n\nDue to injuries sustained on an outdoor variety show on May 28, 2012, ZE:A's leader Moon Junyoung was unable to participate in promotions for Spectaculars lead title track, Aftereffect.\n\nTrack list\n\nSee also\nZE:A discography\n\nExternal links\nMusic Daum Page\n\nReferences\n\nZE:A albums\n2012 albums", "Lovability is the first Korean studio album released by Korean pop boy band, ZE:A. It was released on March 17, 2011.\n\nBackground\n\nZE:A held a showcase to promote the release of the album. Televised music promotions followed shortly after that and lasted for roughly a month.\n\nZE:A's leader, Moon Junyoung, was absent from some of the promotional activities due to an orbital fracture that he sustained.\n\nPromotions for their song Be My Girl were halted as the song was banned for presumably being \"unfit for minors and will no longer be sold to those under the age of 19\" as stated by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family. The lyric line that induced the ban was the line \"Be my girl tonight.\" within the song was ruled to suggest sexual content.\n\nTrack list\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nMusic Daum Page\n\nZE:A albums\n2011 albums" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK.", "Did she collaborate with anyone on this album?", "I don't know.", "Did she tour to promote this album?", "On 24 April 2003, she embarked in the Reason Tour, traveling only in Europe.", "Did she do any televised promotions for this album?", " \"Let's Love\", was released as a single exclusively in Japan and used for a Toyota Motor Corporation commercial." ]

[ "\"Spiders\" is the third single from the Dutch pop punk band Destine. It is the sixth track from their 2010 debut album Lightspeed. The song was well received and received significant airplay. The single was released on January 15 and the music video on April 17, 2010.\n\nDigital single\n\nChart positions\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n2010 singles\n2010 songs", "\"As the Years Go By\" is the first single by rock fusion band Mashmakhan from their self-titled debut album. The single was recorded in Columbia B Studios and was released as the first single to Mashmakhan's self-titled debut album. The other single \"Days When We Are Free\" was used as the A-side to the 45rpm. \"As the Years Go By\" was also fit into several compilation albums of '70s songs.\n\nThe single, which sold over one million copies worldwide and received a gold disc, was very well received by the public and the critics, despite its eerie minor key tune. Allmusic critic Lindsay Planer also praised the single's sales and its lyrics.\n\nThe song peaked at number 75 in Australia.\n\nThe single was released as in Japan.\n\nHistory\nIn 1970, \"As the Years Go By\" was originally recorded by Mashmakhan in Columbia B Studios. \"As the Years Go By\" was released as the debut single of Mashmakhan's upcoming self-titled album. \"As the Years Go By\" was released in an edited form, with the latter single \"Days When We Are Free\" as the A-side. Following \"As the Years Go By\" the previously mentioned single and \"Gladwin\" were released. The self-titled debut Mashmakhan was released as an LP album in 1970. \nLater the single appeared on several rock compilation albums. \"As the Years Go By\" was first included in Rock Artifacts, Vol. 1 in 1990. On November 9, 1995, \"As the Years Go By\" plus the whole Mashmakhan album and its follow up album The Family were included in the compilation Mashmakhan/The Family. On April 24, 2001, \"As the Years Go By\" was also released on the Rock Treasures compilation by the Sony Music Entertainment. And lastly, \"As the Years Go By\" was used in the Japanese compilation The 70's, Vol. 3 by Universal Music Group of Japan on December 15, 2007.\n\nThe song was covered by the Florida-based salsa/funk band Coke on the 1972 self-titled debut, for which the lyrics and title were translated into Spanish: \"Que Seria de Mi\".\n\nTrack listing\nBoth of the songs were produced by Billy Jackson.\n\nReception\nAt its release, the single sold 100,000 copies in Canada, 500,000 copies in the United States, and over 1,000,000 copies in Japan. The single cracked the national charts in both Canada (#1 - singles (RPM 100) chart 2 weeks, CatCon chart 7 weeks) and the United States (#31). \"As the Years Go By\" sold over one million copies globally and received a gold disc. The single was generally well received by critics. Allmusic critic Lindsay Planer stated that \"As the Years Go By\" not only became their biggest hit but it also became \"a million-seller in (of all places) Japan\" and that the lyrics \"are undeniably puerile,\" and texturally the \"connotations of the word 'love' remain eternal.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1970 singles\nMashmakhan songs\nColumbia Records singles\nEpic Records singles\nOricon Weekly number-one singles" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK.", "Did she collaborate with anyone on this album?", "I don't know.", "Did she tour to promote this album?", "On 24 April 2003, she embarked in the Reason Tour, traveling only in Europe.", "Did she do any televised promotions for this album?", " \"Let's Love\", was released as a single exclusively in Japan and used for a Toyota Motor Corporation commercial.", "Was the single well received?", "I don't know." ]

[ "The following is a list of awards and nominations received by Sasha, a Welsh DJ and record producer.\n\nDJ Awards\nThe DJ Awards organises the annual electronic music DJ awards event it is the only international ceremony for DJs and also the oldest, the awards are held once a year at Pacha club in Ibiza Spain it is one of the most important accolades an artist can win or be honoured by.\n\nSasha has won the Best Progressive House DJ Award 3 times, Best Tech House/Progressive DJ Award1 time and received 11 nominations overall.\n\nDJ Magazine Awards\nArtists are nominated to the DJ Magazine Top 100 DJ's list each year the public votes to decide who they rank as the World's No 1 DJ at the end of the poll.\n\nSasha achieved the World's No 1 ranking DJ in 2000 and he stayed in the top 5 for 8 consecutive years, the top 10 for 11 consecutive years.\n\nElectronic Music Awards\nSasha has won one award at the Electronic Music Awards.\n\nGrammy Awards\nIn 2005, the Grammy committee debated whether Sasha's mix compilation album, Involver, was eligible for nomination as Best Electronic/Dance Album. The Recording Academy decided that the album was eligible, but Involver did not receive a nomination. Sasha did receive a Grammy nomination for his remix of Felix da Housecat's \"Watching Cars Go By\", which was featured on Involver.\n\nInternational Dance Music Awards\nAt the annual Winter Music Conference, Sasha has won the \"Best Techno/Trance 12\" award (1999) for the Xpander EP, and \"Best CD Compilation\" awards for Global Underground: Ibiza (1999, 2000) and Involver (2004). He was also nominated in the categories \"Best European DJ\" (2004) and \"Best Remixer\".\n\nSasha has achieved 4 wins from 10 nominations overall.\n\nMuzik Awards\nAt the 1999 Ericsson Muzik Awards, he received an award for \"Outstanding Contributions to Dance Music\".\n\nReferences\n\nBritish music-related lists\nSasha", "Cowgirl is a studio album by American country artist Lynn Anderson. It was released on September 20, 2006 via Showboat Records. The record was co-produced by Casey Anderson and Mark Moseley. Consisting of 12 tracks, Cowgirl was a collection of songs recorded with a western theme. The songs had been composed by Anderson's mother and was her first studio effort to feature songs entirely written by her.\n\nBackground and content\nCowgirl was Anderson's first album of western music. According to an interview with American Cowboy, Anderson wanted to record the project so listeners would appreciate the genre more. \"These days I’m trying to present Western music in what you might call a sophisticated way—reminding people who might not be familiar with the Western genre of classic Western heroes and the Western way of life,\" she recalled. Cowgirl was recorded at Sound Control Studios, located in Nashville, Tennessee. The project was produced by Casey Anderson (her father) and Mark Moseley.\n\nCowgirl was recorded as a tribute to Anderson's mother. In the album's liner notes, she credits her mother for her success as well as an inspiration. \"It is a tribute to my mom, Liz Anderson, and her music. I've always thought of my Mom and Dad as Roy and Dale or Ron and Nancy,\" she wrote. Her mother had previously had a recording career and composed material for several country artists. Her own writing success led to her daughter's first recording contracts in the 1960s. Twelve tracks were on the collection, all of which had been composed by her mother, Liz Anderson.\n\nRelease and reception\nCowgirl was released on September 20, 2006 on Showboat Records, her mother's recording company. It was Anderson's 35th studio recording in her career. The album was issued as a compact disc originally. However, it was later issued in digital formats. The album did not reach any chart positions on Billboard upon its release. The album did spawn one single, \"Full Moon in Baghdad.\" The track was first released in 2006. Although the album did not receive any known reviews, it did receive major awards from the Academy of Western Artists. In 2007, Cowgirl won awards for Best Western Song, Best Western Album, Best Western Swing Album and Best Female Vocalist.\n\nTrack listing\nAll songs composed by Liz Anderson, except where noted.\n\nPersonnel\nAll credits are adapted from the liner notes of Cowgirl.\n\nMusical and technical personnel\n Casey Anderson – producer\n Lynn Anderson – lead vocals, background vocals\n Margie Cates – background vocals\n Mark Moseley – producer\n Lisa Sutton – graphic design\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\n2006 albums\nLynn Anderson albums\nWestern music (North America) albums" ]

[ "Melanie C", "2002-2003: Reason", "Is Reason an album?", "She released her second studio album, Reason,", "When did she release this album?", "on 10 March 2003", "Did this album receive any recognition?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK.", "Did she collaborate with anyone on this album?", "I don't know.", "Did she tour to promote this album?", "On 24 April 2003, she embarked in the Reason Tour, traveling only in Europe.", "Did she do any televised promotions for this album?", " \"Let's Love\", was released as a single exclusively in Japan and used for a Toyota Motor Corporation commercial.", "Was the single well received?", "I don't know.", "Did the album receive any awards?", "it peaked at number 5, received gold certification in the UK." ]

[ "Newermind: A Tribute to Nirvana is a 2011 celebratory tribute album, created by SPIN Magazine, for the 20th anniversary of Nirvana's album Nevermind. The bands that covered each song on the album were inspired by Nirvana to pursue a musical career, with special mentions to Meat Puppets and The Vaselines who had inspired Kurt Cobain. The album was originally released for free download on July 19, 2011. It is no longer available for download on the original website.\n\nTrack listing\n\nReferences\n\n2011 compilation albums\nNirvana (band) tribute albums", "Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings may refer to:\n\n Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings (Bo Hansson album)\n Music Inspired by The Lord of the Rings (Mostly Autumn album)" ]

[ "Keane (band)", "2008-09: Perfect Symmetry" ]

[ "Perfect Symmetry is the third studio album by English rock band Keane, released on 13 October 2008 in the United Kingdom. According to international Island Records manager, Jon Turner, \"the general international feel is of excitement and 'Spiralling' is a favourite track of the US company.\"\n\nCover\nThe cover for the album was revealed on 5 September. Tim Rice-Oxley explained that the imagery of the band are photographs of bigger than life-size sculptures of the band members, made by Korean artist Osang Gwon. It was implied that these sculptures will form the basis of the album's image and promotion up to the date of release.\n\nTrack listing\n\nNotes\n(^) denotes additional production\n(*) denotes co-producer\n\nBonus DVD\n Making of Perfect Symmetry documentary\n Track by track commentary\n \"Spiralling\" (Live Rehearsal)\n \"Spiralling\" (Demo)\n \"The Lovers Are Losing\" (Demo)\n \"Better Than This\" (Demo)\n \"You Haven't Told Me Anything\" (Demo)\n \"Perfect Symmetry\" (Demo)\n \"You Don't See Me\" (Demo)\n \"Again and Again\" (Demo)\n \"Playing Along\" (Demo)\n \"Pretend That You're Alone\" (Demo)\n \"Black Burning Heart\" (Demo)\n \"Love Is the End\" (Demo)\n\nIn culture\nThe album's eleventh song \"Love Is The End\" was featured on the 18th episode from the sixth season of the series One Tree Hill.\n\nPerfect Symmetry World Tour\nThe Perfect Symmetry World Tour started 29 September 2008 and finished 29 October 2009, with 121 shows. During the Perfect Symmetry album release week, the band did some free shows in the UK.\n\nPersonnel\n\nKeane\nTom Chaplin – vocals, guitar\nTim Rice-Oxley – piano, keyboards, guitar, percussion, synthesizers, composition, backing vocals\nRichard Hughes – drums, percussion, backing vocals\n\nAdditional personnel\nJesse Quin – bass, guitar (on \"Black Burning Heart\"), percussion, backing vocals\nStephen Hussey – violin (on \"Love Is the End\")\nChris Fish – cello (on \"Love Is the End\")\nJo Silverston; Ian Harris – musical saw (on \"Love Is the End\")\nJim Hunt – saxophone (on \"Pretend That You're Alone\")\nAnaël Train – French vocal (on \"Black Burning Heart\")\nJake Davies – engineering\nMark \"Spike\" Stent – mixing and additional production\nStuart Price – co-production (for \"Again and Again\" and \"Black Burning Heart\")\nJon Brion – additional production (for \"You Haven't Told Me Anything\")\nScott Johnson – on Studio Tech\nStephen Marcussen – mastering\nBeth Louise Warren – band assistance and recording co-ordinator\nOsang Gwon – sculptures for booklet\nRob Chenery at Tourist – design and art direction\nShamil Tanna – photography\nAdam Tudhope – managing\n\nCharts and certifications\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nCertifications and sales\n\nSee also\nList of songs by Keane\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nThe UrbanWire's review of Perfect Symmetry\nPerfect Symmetry at Keaneshaped\nKeane Live In Hong-Kong\n\n2008 albums\nIsland Records albums\nKeane (band) albums", "\"Perfect Symmetry\" is a song by English rock band Keane. It was released on 29 December 2008 as the third single and is the title track from their third album of the same name. The song has been remixed by American electronic rock band Innerpartysystem and is available on their remix Myspace page.\n\nThe radio edit version of the 7\" single rearranges the song somewhat, the second verse being taken from the original first verse, and the original second verse being removed completely. It also cuts out the introduction at the beginning and the lines \"...hide in churches / Pieces of pieces of rush hour buses / I dream in e-mails...\", although these lines are not removed in the end.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCD single\n\"Perfect Symmetry\" – 5:12\n\"Staring at the Ceiling\" – 3:52\n\n7\" single\n\"Perfect Symmetry\" – 3:58\n\"Staring at the Ceiling\" – 3:52\n\nMusic video\nThe music video for the song was released on 19 November. It features the band inside a future-like glass room with a television screen that shows a video of Chaplin singing the song. The band members are also seen in another room doing various things. Different items appear throughout the video, usually aligned symmetrically to reflect the song's lyrics. During the start of each chorus, a different location in the world is shown (e.g. a waterfall in the first and mountains in the second).\n\nChart performance\nThe single reached #150 in the UK Singles Chart, the lowest position for an officially released Keane single in the UK.\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial Keane site\nKeaneshaped on \"Perfect Symmetry\"\n\n2008 singles\nKeane (band) songs\n2008 songs\nSongs written by Tim Rice-Oxley\nSongs written by Tom Chaplin\nSongs written by Richard Hughes (musician)\nIsland Records singles\n\nnl:Perfect Symmetry\nru:Perfect Symmetry" ]

[ "Keane (band)", "2008-09: Perfect Symmetry", "What is Perfect Symmetry?", "their third world tour, the Perfect Symmetry World Tour." ]

[ "iKON 2018 Continue Tour is the first world tour by South Korean boy band iKON, in support of second studio album Return. The tour is set to visit South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Hong Kong, Indonesia and Australia, with more countries to be announced. The tour began on August 18, 2018 in Seoul at KSPO Dome\n\nBackground\nOn July 2, it was announced by YG Entertainment that iKON will held an Asia tour and will visit eight cities. It marks the group second Asia tour after their 2016 iKoncert 2016: Showtime Tour, during the time they did two years intensive touring mostly in Japan as they gathered around 800,000 fans. A series of teasers were released in July, revealed members thoughts on the upcoming world tour and reveling the concept of the tour is A Road with No End, which indicates iKON's future path.\n\nOn August, iKON announced that the tour will visit Australia for the first time, with two shows in Sydney and Melbourne.\n\nConcerts dates\n\nReferences\n\n2018 concert tours\n2019 concert tours\nConcert tours of Asia\nIKon concert tours", "Japanese boy band Kanjani Eight have gone on a total of nine concert tours, all domestic, and several shows. In 2006, they went on their first tour F.T.O.N: Funky Tokyo Osaka Nagoya, at the three major cities the concert tour was named after. Upon the success of the initial tour, it was expanded into a national tour in the fall of that same year, performing at a total of 11 cities and 26 performances. Winter of that same year, Kanjani Eight performed a national promo tour for the release of their single \"Kan Fu Fighting\". performing at a total of six cities and performing twenty six times.\n\nIn 2007, Kanjani Eight begun their biggest national tour to date, the \"Eh?! Honma?! Bikkuri!! Tour\". The concert tour began in the spring of 2007 and ended in the fall of that same year, totaling at 113 performances in all 47 prefectures of Japan. The concert tour also marked the first time in which a signed Johnny's talent performed in every prefecture of Japan in a single tour. After the success of that tour in 2008, Kanjani Eight performed two national tours between May and August performing at a total fourteen cities and over fifty performances.\n\nKanjani Eight released Puzzle in 2009 and the national tour Puzzle in the summer of that year. Following up that tour in the winter of 2009, they returned to the Kyocera Dome and performed their first Countdown Live concert series. In the winter of 2010, Kanjani Eight performed their 8 Uppers concert tour, which also contained their second Countdown Live. In 2011, Kanjani Eight performed their winter tour which consisted five cities for a total of ten performances. This tour also contained their third countdown live. In 2012, Kanjani Eight performed their 8EST concert tour, which was a total of 40 performances. This tour is noted for the fact that they performed at their first stadium and for that it did not include a countdown live.\n\nConcert Tours\n\nOther performances\n\nReferences\n\nConcerts\nKanjani Eight" ]

[ "Keane (band)", "2008-09: Perfect Symmetry", "What is Perfect Symmetry?", "their third world tour, the Perfect Symmetry World Tour.", "What major cities did they visit during the tour?", "I don't know." ]

[ "\"Perfect Symmetry\" is a song by English rock band Keane. It was released on 29 December 2008 as the third single and is the title track from their third album of the same name. The song has been remixed by American electronic rock band Innerpartysystem and is available on their remix Myspace page.\n\nThe radio edit version of the 7\" single rearranges the song somewhat, the second verse being taken from the original first verse, and the original second verse being removed completely. It also cuts out the introduction at the beginning and the lines \"...hide in churches / Pieces of pieces of rush hour buses / I dream in e-mails...\", although these lines are not removed in the end.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCD single\n\"Perfect Symmetry\" – 5:12\n\"Staring at the Ceiling\" – 3:52\n\n7\" single\n\"Perfect Symmetry\" – 3:58\n\"Staring at the Ceiling\" – 3:52\n\nMusic video\nThe music video for the song was released on 19 November. It features the band inside a future-like glass room with a television screen that shows a video of Chaplin singing the song. The band members are also seen in another room doing various things. Different items appear throughout the video, usually aligned symmetrically to reflect the song's lyrics. During the start of each chorus, a different location in the world is shown (e.g. a waterfall in the first and mountains in the second).\n\nChart performance\nThe single reached #150 in the UK Singles Chart, the lowest position for an officially released Keane single in the UK.\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial Keane site\nKeaneshaped on \"Perfect Symmetry\"\n\n2008 singles\nKeane (band) songs\n2008 songs\nSongs written by Tim Rice-Oxley\nSongs written by Tom Chaplin\nSongs written by Richard Hughes (musician)\nIsland Records singles\n\nnl:Perfect Symmetry\nru:Perfect Symmetry", "Perfect Symmetry may refer to:\n\nPerfect Symmetry (Fates Warning album), 1989\nPerfect Symmetry (Keane album), 2008\n\"Perfect Symmetry\" (song)\nPerfect Symmetry (tour), by Keane\n\nSee also\nSymmetry, a harmonious proportionality, or \"patterned self-similarity\"" ]

[ "Keane (band)", "2008-09: Perfect Symmetry", "What is Perfect Symmetry?", "their third world tour, the Perfect Symmetry World Tour.", "What major cities did they visit during the tour?", "I don't know.", "Was Perfect Symmetry well attended?", "Beatles). Keane fans were prompted to buy 3D glasses along with the new 7\" single, \"Better Than This\", or also to hand-make their own glasses." ]

[ "Two Tongues is an American indie rock side project/supergroup, consisting of members of Say Anything (Max Bemis and Coby Linder) and Saves the Day (Chris Conley), along with David Soloway, a former guitarist with Saves the Day.\n\nHistory\nBefore forming Two Tongues, Bemis, Conley and Linder had collaborated on a cover version of Bob Dylan's \"The Man In Me\" for the compilation album Paupers, Peasants, Princes & Kings: The Songs of Bob Dylan, released by Doghouse Records in 2006. Bemis asked Conley about potentially doing an album together; Conley responded positively by saying \"I would do it with no one else, nothing could be more epic!\" They subsequently recorded an album in January 2008.\n\nThe resulting album, Two Tongues, was scheduled to be released in summer 2008, but was delayed for unspecified reasons. The album was eventually released on February 3, 2009, through Vagrant Records. The thirteen-track album was self-produced and recorded at Electric Ladybug studios in Durham, California.\n\nIn fall 2010, Two Tongues made their first performances as a surprise in the middle of Say Anything's set each night of the Motion City Soundtrack, Say Anything and Saves the Day tour. They performed the song \"Crawl\". Arun Bali (current guitarist of Saves the Day) played guitar, Kenny Vasoli (of The Starting Line and Person L) played bass guitar, Jake Turner (of Say Anything) played guitar, Coby Linder played drums and Conley and Bemis sang.\n\nConley confirmed that there would be a second Two Tongues album in 2012.\n\nOn July 26, 2016, Conley announced the first ever Two Tongues tour beginning fall 2016, along with a fall release of their second album, Two Tongues Two. On October 10, 2016, Say Anything made an announcement on their website that the tour would be cancelled, \"due to unforeseen circumstances.\" The post indicated the group would be, \"playing shows in the future,\" but did not indicate a time-frame for this.\n\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n Two Tongues (2009)\n Two Tongues Two (2016)\n\nMembers\n Max Bemis – vocals, guitar\n Chris Conley – vocals, guitar\n David Soloway – bass guitar\n Coby Linder – drums\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial MySpace\n\nAmerican indie rock groups\nRock music supergroups\nMusical groups established in 2008\nEqual Vision Records artists\nVagrant Records artists", "\"Clones\" is the first single released from the Meltdown album by the band Ash on . It was exclusive to the UK Downloads. The track came with a free artwork and a video when downloading.\n\nSongwriter Tim Wheeler has talked about the song on various occasions, and described it as:\n\"It's about how homogenized mankind has become. People don't really stand out. It's a rant about some person who's let you down, a person you thought was different and they turn out to be the same as everyone else.\"\n\n\"It's about someone you've idealised - a politician, a band, anything you've believed in that's really let you down. You thought they were unique and special but they've just turned out to be the same.\"\n\n\"I had to step away from myself, write about the wider world for a change. The social commentary songs, like 'Clones' are there because I'm ready now to address what I feel about politics.\"\n\nThe song was played constantly on the accompanying Meltdown tours, and appears on the live Meltdown special edition bonus disc, but has since been rested thus far on the 2007 Higher Education Tour. The song was used on the soundtrack for the game Star Wars: Republic Commando and the song later appeared on the accompanying Commando EP.\n\nMusic video \nThere are two videos for \"Clones\". The first one was directed by Jeff Thomas and stars Ash playing the song in a warehouse, and Wheeler meeting a cloned version of himself at the end of the video. Mark Hamilton, the bassist for Ash, has said of the video: \"This is a straight up performance video. Dark and gritty it was shot in a warehouse in the East End, London. It was a cold winter morning, there was no heating and we got drenched by a guy with a hose between takes. Thanks Jeff!\"\n\nThe second video was also directed by Jeff Thomas. The video was re-filmed in conjunction with the release of the \"Commando\" EP in the USA. The director has said of it: \"(It's an) Ash live performance taken from the original UK video and intercut with video game footage from LucasArts's Star Wars: Republic Commando. We got asked to provide music for the game during the Meltdown writing period and by complete fluke had just demoed the 'Clones' track!\"\n\nTrack listing \n\nDownload Single\n\"Clones\" (Wheeler)\n\"Clones (Video)\" (Wheeler)\n\n2004 singles\nAsh (band) songs\nSongs written by Tim Wheeler\n2004 songs\nSong recordings produced by Nick Raskulinecz" ]

[ "Keane (band)", "2008-09: Perfect Symmetry", "What is Perfect Symmetry?", "their third world tour, the Perfect Symmetry World Tour.", "What major cities did they visit during the tour?", "I don't know.", "Was Perfect Symmetry well attended?", "Beatles). Keane fans were prompted to buy 3D glasses along with the new 7\" single, \"Better Than This\", or also to hand-make their own glasses.", "Was there anything else unique about the tour?", "The show is available to watch on Keane's official site in high definition." ]

[ "The Jägermeister Music Tour is a hard rock, hardcore punk, and heavy metal music tour that has been held twice a year in the United States since 2002. It is owned by the American importer of Jägermeister, Sidney Frank Importing.\n\nHistory\nFirst Jägermeister was started in 2002 and had Drowning Pool headlining, featuring Ill Niño, Coal Chamber, 40 Below Summer 68rouge and other local bands. The tour had 37 dates that started March 8 and went to April 23. The tour has happened twice a year since then. Spring 2003 tour went from March 6 to April 20 and featured Saliva, Hed PE headlining, along with Breaking Benjamin, Systematic, Stereomud, 68rouge and local bands. Fall 2003 went from October 8 to November 29 and featured Slayer Headlining with Hatebreed, Arch Enemy, and local bands. Spring 2004 stretched from March 30 to May 14 and featured Slipknot headlining with Fear Factory, Chimaira, and local bands. Fall 2004 went from October 31 to December 17 and featured Slayer's second headlining of this tour along with Killswitch Engage, Mastodon, and local bands such as Q. Spring 2005 went from March 29 to May 6 and featured Alter Bridge as the headlining band with Future Leaders of the World, Submersed, and local bands. In Fall 2005 the tour was headlined by Disturbed with other bands, Bloodsimple, A Dozen Furies, Corrosion of Conformity, and other local bands. This one stretched from November 11 to February 23. In the spring of 2006 the tour went from April 20 to June 16 and had Staind headlining with Three Days Grace, Hurt, and other local bands. \n\nThe Fall 2006 tour started October 19 and went to December 9, and featured Slightly Stoopid and Pepper as headliners and multiple \"guest bands\" including Rev. Right Time, Kicking K8, as well as six other bands. Beginning with the Spring 2003 tour, the event has been hosted by The Lizardman who appears onstage throughout the night performing sideshow stunts, stand-up, and introducing the bands. This year's Fall 2008 line-up featured Hinder headlining, with Buckcherry headlining in Dallas, Trapt and Rev Theory at most shows, and Drowning Pool, In This Moment, Shinedown, Hollywood Undead, Theory of a Deadman, Puddle of Mudd, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus and Smile Empty Soul making appearances at some shows, along with a local band from each venue's area in tow. The Spring 2009 line-up will feature longtime staples on the punk scene, Pennywise and returning to the tour are the Hawaiian grown reggae rockers Pepper. Beginning in April 2010, the Jägermeister Music Tour will embark on a Canadian leg featuring Korn as headliners, with Five Finger Death Punch and 2Cents as support. Starting in September 2010 the Music Tour will have Slayer returning as well as Megadeth and Anthrax. In January 2011 the tour will have Buckcherry headlining with Hellyeah and direct support with All That Remains also playing.\n\nLineups\n\n2002–2005\nSpring 2002\nDrowning Pool\nCoal Chamber\nIll Niño\n40 Below Summer\n\nSpring 2003\nSaliva\nHed PE\nBreaking Benjamin\nSystematic\nStereomud\n68rouge\n\nFall 2003\nSlayer\nHatebreed\nArch Enemy\n\nSpring 2004\nSlipknot\nFear Factory\nChimaira\n\nFall 2004\nSlayer\nKillswitch Engage\nMastodon\n\nSpring 2005\nAlter Bridge\nFuture Leaders of the World\nSubmersed\n\nFall 2005\nDisturbed\nCorrosion of Conformity\nbloodsimple\nA Dozen Furies\n\n2006–2010\nSpring 2006\nStaind\nThree Days Grace\nHurt\n\nFall 2006\nSlightly Stoopid\nPepper\n\nSpring 2007\nStone Sour\nLacuna Coil\nShadows Fall\nIndorphine\n\nFall 2007\nThe Cult\nAction Action\nThe Cliks\n\nSpring 2008\nHatebreed\nType O Negative\n3 Inches of Blood\n\nFall 2008\nHinder\nTrapt\nRev Theory\nOctane\n\nSpring 2009\nPennywise\nPepper\nBig B\n\nSpring 2010\nKorn\nFive Finger Death Punch (Canada dates only)\n2Cents\nStillWell\nCody Brooks (US dates only)\n\nFall 2010\nMegadeth\nSlayer\nAnthrax\n\n2011–2012\n\nWinter 2011\nBuckcherry\nHellyeah (US Dates)\nAll That Remains (US Dates)\nThe Damned Things (US Dates)\nPapa Roach (Canadian Dates)\nMy Darkest Days (Canadian Dates)\nBleeker Ridge (Canadian Dates)\n\nFall 2011\nChimaira\nUnearth\nSkeletonwitch\nMolotov Solution\n\n2012\n\nFall 2012\nHalestorm\nIn This Moment\nEve To Adam\nPortugal. The Man\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website\n\nRock festivals in the United States\nConcert tours\nHeavy metal festivals in the United States", "The Warped Tour was a traveling rock tour that toured the United States plus three or four stops in Canada annually each summer from 1995 until 2019. It was the largest traveling music festival in the United States and was the longest-running touring music festival to date in North America. Vans toured Australia in 1998-2002 and again in 2013. Following the first Warped Tour, the skateboard shoe manufacturer Vans became the main sponsor of the tour, when it became known as the Vans Warped Tour. Although Vans continued as main sponsor and lent its name to the festival, other sponsors also participated, with stages or other aspects of the festival being named after them on occasion.\n\nWarped Tour was conceived by Kevin Lyman as an electric alternative rock festival, but later began focusing on punk rock music. Although it was primarily a punk rock festival, it covered diverse genres over the years.\n\nWarped Tour founder Kevin Lyman said that the 2018 Vans Warped Tour would be the final, full cross-country run. On 18 December 2018, Lyman revealed details for the tour's 25th anniversary, with only three events in 2019.\n\nIn November 2019, rumors spread that Chris Fronzak planned to bring back the Warped Tour after Lyman's retirement. On 4 October 2020, Fronzak confirmed his intent to be involved in the return of Warped Tour, however, \"for legal reasons it (could not) come back for \"three years or so.\"\n\nOverview \n\nBand performance times and sets were posted on an inflatable installation and were available in print for purchase from an on-site information stand.\n\nEvery year had a \"BBQ Band\". In exchange for the privilege of playing on the tour, the BBQ Band prepared the post-show barbecue for the bands and crew most evenings. Past BBQ Bands included the Dropkick Murphys, Art of Shock and \"The Fabulous Rudies\". Similarly, one band, Animo (formerly DORK),was permitted for four years to play on the tour in exchange for working on the setup crew. The \"BBQ Band\" for the 2016 tour was the band Reckless Serenade.\n\nThe tour began as a skate punk and third-wave ska tour, but later came to feature largely pop punk and metalcore acts. Some hardcore and street punk bands also participated, such as the Casualties, the Unseen and Anti-Flag.\n\nThe tour was not set up in a single fixed format; each show venue dictated a different layout. The event was set up in early morning and struck late the same day. Heading into Canada, a bus transported supplies while another bus held equipment not needed during the brief jaunt over the border.\n\nCiting issues like transportation problems for minors, and audience demographics growing younger each year, Kevin Lyman decided to let parents attend Warped Tour performances for free beginning in 2013. Parents had their own adult day care, known as Reverse Day Care. Grown-ups could spend the day waiting for their children in the Reverse Day Care tent, which offered ample seating, as well as fans or cooling devices to keep parents occupied during the festival.\n\nBands\n\nHistory\n\nThe Warped Tour was created in 1995 by Kevin Lyman and Ray Woodbury, president of RK Diversified Entertainment, in production with the short-lived Warp Magazine and Creative Artists Agency. The tour began 21 June at the Idaho Center in Boise, Idaho, and ended 18 August in Detroit, Michigan.\n\nThe tour usually was held at outdoor venues, though on rare occasions it was held indoors. In 1996, due to problems with the event venue, the show was forced to move indoors to The Capitol Ballroom nightclub in Washington, D.C.\n\n1996 was the first year for Vans as a sponsor; they remained the main sponsor for tours ever since.\n\nIn 1997, The Vans Warped Tour went international and included venues in Europe, Japan, Canada, and the United States.\n\nIn 1999, the tour started off the new year in New Zealand, Australia and Hawaii. After a pause, it resumed its North American tour in the continental United States through the summer, before finishing the tour in Europe.\n\nIn 2009, the two main stages were condensed into one and bands were given 40-minute sets, as opposed to the traditional 30 minutes across the previous two stages. Despite this, the tour decided to bring back the two main stages concept with 35-minute sets instead for the 2012 tour and beyond.\n\nIn 2012, the Warped Tour traveled to London, the first time the tour had left North America since 1999. In the UK and Europe, Warped Tour is operated by English promoter Kilimanjaro Live. The Warped Tour returned to London in 2015.\n\nWarped Tour 2009\nOn 10 February 2009 details for the annual \"Warped Tour Kick Off Party\" were announced. The show took place 2 April 2009 at The Key Club in West Hollywood, California and featured Warped Tour 2009 bands T.S.O.L., The Adolescents, Sing it Loud, TAT, and TV/TV on the bill. The tour won the Best Festival/Tour Award at the Rock on Request Awards.\n\nWarped Tour 2012\nThe Warped Tour 2012 kick off party took place 29 March 2012 at Club Nokia in Los Angeles, California featuring performances by Falling in Reverse, The Used, Yellowcard, Dead Sara, Matt Toka and Forever Came Calling. During the Toronto date, a fan fell unconscious during Chelsea Grin's performance and died. Both the band and Warped Tour offered their condolences on Twitter. For the first time in 14 years, the Warped Tour was held in the UK in November 2012. This was also the first year that the show Warped Roadies premiered. The show was a behind-the-scenes look at the inner workings of the Vans Warped Tour as it made its way across the country with more than 60 bands. Zach Booher of the band While We're Up was killed in a road accident in Wisconsin.\n\nWarped Tour 2013\nThe Warped Tour 2013 kick off party took place 28 March 2013 at Club Nokia in Los Angeles, California featuring performances by Chiodos, New Beat Fund, Gin Wigmore, MC Lars, Craig Owens, Dia Frampton, Charlotte Sometimes, Big Chocolate, Echosmith and special guests. The tour would again return to Europe for the second year in a row with more tour dates. For the first time since 2001, Warped Tour would also appear in Australia.\n\nWarped Tour 2014\nThe Warped Tour 2014 kick off party took place on 1 April 2014 at Club Nokia in Los Angeles, California featuring performances by Bad Rabbits, Issues, One Ok Rock, Secrets, This Wild Life, To the Wind, Watsky, Chelsea Grin, Beartooth, Volumes and others. The tour returned to Montreal for the first time in two years. On 7 February 2014, it was announced that the Warped Tour would visit Alaska for the first time for a pre-tour \"The Road to Warped\" show. The entire first date (13 June at Houston) was streamed live on the tour's website. In June 2014, Kevin Lyman announced on Twitter that the UK segment of the 2014 tour would not go ahead. The San Diego stop was sponsored by Waveborn Sunglasses. As a part of celebrating the 20th anniversary of the tour, there were surprise appearances from two bands: Linkin Park played at Ventura, California on 22 June 2014, and A Day to Remember played at Chicago, Illinois on 19 July 2014.\n\nWarped Tour 2015\nThe Warped Tour 2015 kickoff party took place on 7 April 2015 at Club Nokia in Los Angeles, California featuring performances by As It Is, Bebe Rexha, New Years Day, Knuckle Puck, Metro Station, Candy Hearts, and New Beat Fund. The tour again visited Alaska for \"The Road to Warped\" show. \nThe entire first date (19 June at Pomona) again was streamed live on the tour's website. The tour returned to Europe playing at the Alexandria Palace in London, UK on 18 October.\n\nAustin Jones, a former musician and a convicted sex offender, was due to take part in the 2015 tour until reports surfaced about his behavior and about tour founder Kevin Lyman's role in covering up Jones's actions.\n\nWarped Tour 2016\nThe Warped Tour 2016 announced the lineup on 22 March at its kickoff party at Full Sail University in Florida, featuring select performances by 2016 Warped bands. Headliners of this tour included Falling In Reverse, Less Than Jake, Good Charlotte, Sleeping With Sirens, New Found Glory, and others. The tour kicked off 24 June 2016, in Dallas, Texas and hit 41 cities throughout the summer, ending in Portland, Oregon on 13 August 2016. In addition to the 41 cities, there was a \"Road to Warped Tour Alaska\" on 22 June 2016.\n\nWarped Tour 2017\nThe Warped Tour 2017 announced the lineup on 22 March at its kickoff party at Full Sail University in Florida. Headliners (Bands playing the Journeys Sponsored Stages) of this tour include Andy Black, Beartooth, Dance Gavin Dance, I Prevail, and New Years Day, among others. The tour kicked off 11 June 2017, in Seattle, WA and would hit 41 cities throughout the summer, ending in Pomona, CA on 6 August 2017. In addition to the 41 cities, an additional show was planned with a separate lineup in Toluca, Mexico on 27 May 2017, plus a \"Warped Rewind At Sea\" cruise to sail between New Orleans, LA and Cozumel, Mexico from 28 October to 1 November 2017.\n\nWarped Tour 2018\nOn 15 November 2017, Kevin Lyman announced that the 2018 Warped Tour would be the final tour. \"I am so grateful to have worked with more than 1,700 bands over the last 23 summers,\" Lyman said in his announcement. \"I wish I could thank every band that has played the tour.\" Warped Tour also announced it would play in Japan for 2018. Headliners for the Japan segment were listed as Korn (which had not played the festival previously), Prophets of Rage, and Limp Bizkit (who appeared at Warped Tour 1997)\n\nWarped Tour 2019\nOn December 18, 2018, Lyman revealed details for the tour's 25th anniversary, taking place in 2019.\n\nWarped Tour took place in Cleveland, Ohio 8 June 2019, Atlantic City, New Jersey 29 and 30 June 2019, and Mountain View, California on 20 and 21 July 2019.\n\nLegacy\nWarped Tour became a launching pad for many up-and-coming artists. The festival was credited with bringing unknown artists like Black Veil Brides, Avenged Sevenfold, Blink-182, Sum 41, Limp Bizkit, My Chemical Romance, Fall Out Boy, Paramore, MGK, Bebe Rexha, Katy Perry and Yelawolf to the spotlight.\n\nThe Warped Tour gave artists like will.i.am and The Black Eyed Peas an opportunity and venue to perform. Black Eyed Peas were featured on the 1999 Vans Warped Tour. According to will.i.am, the Black Eyed Peas were the first group not categorized as \"punk\" to play at Warped Tour.\n\nTours by year \n\n Warped Tour 1995\n Warped Tour 1996\n Warped Tour 1997\n Warped Tour 1998\n Warped Tour 1999\n Warped Tour 2000\n Warped Tour 2001\n Warped Tour 2002\n Warped Tour 2003\n Warped Tour 2004\n Warped Tour 2005\n Warped Tour 2006\n\n Warped Tour 2007\n Warped Tour 2008\n Warped Tour 2009\n Warped Tour 2010\n Warped Tour 2011\n Warped Tour 2012\n Warped Tour 2013\n Warped Tour 2014\n Warped Tour 2015\n Warped Tour 2016\n Warped Tour 2017\n Warped Tour 2018\n Warped Tour 2019\n\nMusic lessons\n\nMusicians on the Vans Warped tour gave lessons. Percussive Marketing Council teamed up with the Vans Warped Tour and offered free drum lessons Lesson Lab tent to concert goers. These music lessons were for those who were learning to play drums for the first time. The lessons used electronic drum sets and acoustic drum sets. According to PMC Advisory Board Member Billy Cuthrell, having drum teachers from other percussion stores is the \"key\" to the free lessons program.\n\nIn 2005, the Vans Warped tour incorporated a multiple level stage that consisted of two levels for the band Street Drum Corps.\n\nMusic education was a big part of the Vans Warped Tour. Throughout the years, the Warped Tour used the John Lennon Bus to achieve this. The John Lennon Bus, essentially a mobile studio, was started by Brian Rothschild and Yoko Ono in 1968. The goal of the John Lennon Bus was to offer music education from performing artists to people, particularly young people, who attended the Warped Tour. Brian Roschild was executive director of the John Lennon Bus. Artists like Eminem and Bowling For Soup visited the tour bus. Other celebrities to use the bus included Fergie from the Black Eyed Peas, Natasha Bedingfield, and John Legend.\n\nBattle of the Bands\n\nThe Ernie Ball Battle of the Bands took place at Warped Tour every year. Over 10,000 bands tried out for the battle of the bands in 2005. The bands performed at their local Warped tour date and were judged by music industry professionals. If the bands did well in the competition, they were invited to perform as a side stage act on the Ernie Ball Stage of the Vans Warped Tour.\n\nReception and controversies\n\n\"Warped Tour is a place for teenage kids to go and hear all their favorite bands in one day,\" says Rob Pasalic, guitarist for The Saint Alvia Cartel. \"It wouldn’t make sense for it to be the same tour in 2007 as it was in 1997. These are the bands that kids like, and the tour is smart enough to grow and adapt to that. You still get bands like Bad Religion playing, so it’s not like it’s lost all its roots.\"\n\nJoe Queer of The Queers stated that\n\nYou play music because there's something inside of you that says you have to play music. Now you get bands like Fall Out Boy that are basically created in the studio. The Warped Tour changed it. Fuck it. I just don't like that shit. All the guys in the bands remind me of the jocks I hated in high school. To me a punk gig is a small sweaty club with the audience right in your face knocking over the mic stand and boogying off the energy.\n\nKeith Morris said that \"These kids that are [playing] on the Warped Tour, they should have no choice but to go into the military, and go off to some desert somewhere and spend some time in the desert, rather than having some big, ultra mega record company giving them lots of money and paying for their hotels and buses, making sure their hair is trendy, and that they are wearing the proper clothes that all the kids like and wear, and all that fun shit.\" Morris' band the Circle Jerks would later appear on the 2007 edition of the tour.\n\nIn 2013, Oliver Sykes, lead vocalist of Bring Me the Horizon took to Twitter to pronounce that he was no longer allowed to start a mosh pit or wall of death. Kevin Lyman took to Twitter as well to say that audience members could create mosh pits and walls of death but that someone in the audience had to initiate them, rather than any band member, because then they would be taking responsibility for any injuries which could then lead to costly lawsuits.\n\nOn 1 July 2015, it was announced that Jake McElfresh's music act Front Porch Step would play the Nashville, Tennessee tour stop, Many bands, including The Wonder Years, Senses Fail, Handguns, and Beartooth asked attendees to boycott McElfresh's set. The Wonder Years' lead singer Dan “Soupy” Campbell, who was supposed to perform after Front Porch Step on the Acoustic Basement Stage, asked fans to go see Man Overboard at 1:15 pm, the time the acoustic set would take place. Lyman responded by saying,\n\nHe was only supposed to be here long enough to play his show but the weather today has been putting us behind schedule. He wasn't added to the tour, so those claims that he was ‘added to sell tickets’ are completely groundless.\n\nHe also said because McElfresh had still not been formally charged with misconduct, he agreed to have him perform. \"If he was a danger to anyone, he simply would not have been here.\"\n\nOn 11 July 2016, Vans Warped Tour announced that Virginia pro-life organization Rock for Life would be among the vendors on their 41 tour dates. Rock for Life were known for co-opting punk aesthetics with their logo of a fetus playing a guitar and T-shirts with the phrase “All Lives Matter”. Bands such as Safe to Say and Old Wounds spoke out against the organization, with Safe To Say, replying to Rock for Life's tweet, saying\n\nYes. Everyday. We are a pro choice band. A tent telling young women what to do with their body has no place here.\n\nOn 26 June 2017, a video surfaced that showed the punk rock band The Dickies verbally abusing a crowd member after protests against the band, including signs that said \"Our teenage girls don't need to be subjected to derogatory jokes by a disgusting old man\" and \"Punk isn't predatory\" took place. While Lyman initially said that the band was no longer on the Warped Tour roster, he released a statement on 1 July that said the band had not been kicked off of the tour and that the altercation was between the band's frontman, Leonard Graves Phillips, and a member of the touring party.\n\nI thought it was time to put the facts out since I have watched false information floating around. A video has been circulating of a confrontation between Leonard from the Dickies and a Fan. Fact- it was not a Fan, but a member of the touring party. The member of the touring party was standing next to the PA with a sign protesting some of the things they found offensive about the bands jokes, and props on stage. During one of the last songs they went towards the barricade and directed the sign at the band. After a verbal barrage from Leonard, the member of the touring party threw the sign at Leonard, and left the area. I do not condone verbal or physical violence, whatsoever. The Dickies, last day of the tour was that Sunday, which had always been scheduled. These are the facts of what took place and this is why I ask anyone who has an issue with anyone else on tour, to come sit under my tent with me and express their views diplomatically. On this years tour we have many people who may not agree with each other, but as humans we should be able to express our points of view in a civil manner. If we have any hope to progress as a society, communication will be key in moving forward.\n\nBand conflicts\n\nA few bands have left the tour due to conflicts they had with the tour or with other bands:\n\n Both D12 and Esham were kicked out of the 2001 tour. D12 allegedly attacked Esham because he mentioned Eminem's daughter in his song \"Chemical Imbalance\". Eminem was not present.\n The band Guttermouth was supposedly removed from the Warped Tour 2004 for insulting Simple Plan. The band later stated that they left on their own because \"... '10 or so' unnamed bands didn't jibe with Guttermouth's way of doing business, and in some cases, threatened them with violence\".\nThe band Islander was kicked off the tour after Mikey Carvajal jumped into a backline drum kit onstage and damaged it during their live set in Denver on July 1.\n\nSponsorship\nThe Vans Warped Tour was sponsored by Vans, and in the final years Journeys joined as sponsor. Kevin Lyman was offered sponsorship from Calvin Klein before eventually working with Vans. The tour also was sponsored by Samsung, which enabled the bands and fans to interact with one another. The schedule for the day was sent out to fans on the day of their show. Samsung also sponsored a reverse day care for the Warped tour, which let parents cool off while their children watched their favorite bands. Warped Tour also partnered with other technology companies like Cingular Wireless, Apple Computer and others. This enabled these companies to reach to younger audiences. The communications manager from Memorex said that Warped Tour let them reach a younger demographic because of the music that these people are \"passionate about.\" At one point in time, Warped Tour also provided internet access to attendees while at the festival. Chaos Mobile was formed by Kevin Lyman and John Reese of Freeze Artist Management.\n\nActivism and philanthropy\nActivism was a major component of the Vans Warped Tour and allowed for non-profit organizations such as Invisible Children, To Write Love On Her Arms, Shirts for a Cure, Keep A Breast Foundation, and Hope For The Day to advocate about their causes. Other causes presented at Warped Tour were Music Saves Lives and Earth Echo. Earth Echo promoted recycling and provided a solar-powered stage. Keep A Breast was another organization on the Vans Warped Tour. Keep A Breast educated women about Breast Cancer and preventative measures against the disease. The organization worked in conjunction with the Girlz Garage on the Vans Warped Tour. People who donated to the cause were given T-shirts signed by artists on the tour to spread awareness of Breast Cancer.\n\nSince 2001, the traveling tour was affiliated with People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), including food vendors and booths that distributed information about animal rights and veganism.\n\nIn March 2016, it was announced that Warped Tour would team up with A Voice For The Innocent to address the issue of sex crimes in the music scene. The Vans Warped Tour contributed 25 cents from every ticket sold to an organization called Hollywood Heart. Warped Tour also gave money to the relief efforts for Hurricane Katrina. Warped Tour and the Taste of Chaos, (a festival) worked together to contribute $500,000.\n\nMusical equipment\nBands on the Warped Tour often brought their own musical equipment, but Industrial Sound also provided equipment for band use, according to lead sound engineer Daniel Bonneau. He also said that the bands had to do line checks instead of traditional soundchecks.\n\nOfficial compilation albums\n\nAn official Warped Tour compilation CD was released annually by SideOneDummy Records to coincide with the start of the tour. Before 1998, official releases were handled by Vans via Uni Distribution in 1996 and Epitaph Records in 1997, respectively. The compilation included songs by numerous artists performing on the tour that year. The first few compilations had varying titles, but starting in 2001 the series used a standard title with the format \"Warped Tour <year> Tour Compilation\". In 2002, the compilation expanded onto two CDs, totaling 50 artists, a format which the series followed in all its subsequent years. The Warped Tour compilation album in 2002 charted at number 55.\n\nIn addition, the digital music service Rhapsody.com released a regular \"Warped Tour Bootleg Series\", with each entry focusing on a single artist's performances on the tour. Bootleg Series artists included Matchbook Romance, My Chemical Romance, Bedouin Soundclash, MxPx, The Starting Line, Millencolin, Avenged Sevenfold, Gogol Bordello, Motion City Soundtrack, The Casualties, Anti-Flag, Less Than Jake, Rise Against, Joan Jett and The Blackhearts, Helmet, and The Academy Is...\n\nSee also\n List of Warped Tour lineups by year\n List of punk rock festivals\n List of historic rock festivals\n\nReferences\n\n \nConcert tours\nMusic festivals established in 1995\nPunk rock festivals\nRock festivals in the United States" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath" ]

[ "\"Wonderful World\" (occasionally referred to as \"(What A) Wonderful World\") is a song by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960, by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year in March 1959, at Sam Cooke's last recording session at Keen. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and \"Wonderful World,\" then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more.\n\n\"Wonderful World\" ended up doing substantially better on the charts than several of his early RCA singles, becoming his biggest hit single since \"You Send Me\" (1957). The song peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and hit number two on Billboard Hot R&B Sides chart.\n\nHerman's Hermits charted with their recording of the song in 1965, reaching number four in the United States and number seven in the United Kingdom, respectively. A remake by Art Garfunkel with James Taylor and Paul Simon charted at number 17 in 1978. The Sam Cooke version was featured in the 1978 film Animal House and gained greater recognition in the UK upon a 1986 re-release when it peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart, going silver (it had peaked at number 27 on the UK singles chart on first release in 1960). Its 1986 success was attributed to sound-alike versions featured in the film Witness (1985) and a Levi's 501 television commercial.\n\nBackground\nLou Adler and Herb Alpert composed the song with the theme that neither knowledge nor education can dictate feelings, but that love \"could make the world a wonderful place.\" Adler did not take the song very seriously but Cooke appeared to be taken with it. \"He’d say, ‘What about that song, you know?’ And then he'd start on it again,\" recalled Adler. Cooke wanted to steer the song toward the subject of schooling, revised the song and decided to cut it at a recording session on March 2, 1959, five days after completing his Billie Holiday tribute album, Tribute to the Lady. The threesome's writing credit for the song was given to the pseudonymous \"Barbara Campbell.\" Campbell was also listed on the record labels for two other Cooke hits: \"Only Sixteen\" and \"Everybody Loves to Cha Cha Cha.\"\n\nThe session's main goal was to record three songs Cooke had composed. There was no arranger or orchestra and the personnel consisted of Cooke, guitarist Cliff White, bassist Adolphus Alsbrook, teenage drummer Ronnie Selico and a quartet of singers that Cooke biographer Peter Guralnick believes may have been the Pilgrim Travelers – J.W. Alexander, Lou Rawls, and George McCurn (nicknamed Oopie).\n\nThere is no known footage of Cooke performing the song, even though, in 1986, ABKCO president Allen Klein offered a $10,000 reward for anyone obtaining such footage.\n\nRelease and reception\nCooke signed to RCA Victor in 1960 but his first two singles on the major label – \"Teenage Sonata\" and \"You Understand Me\" – failed to register on the charts. Meanwhile, John Siamas, co-founder of Keen Records, discovered the \"demo\" recording of \"Wonderful World\" among unreleased Cooke recordings. Keen released \"Wonderful World\" in competition with RCA's issue of \"You Understand Me\" in the same week. \"Wonderful World\" quickly became Cooke's best-performing single since his first hit \"You Send Me,\" reaching number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the magazine's Hot R&B Sides chart. Billboard reviewed the single upon its release, giving it four stars and writing, \"Moderate rocker gets a smooth belt from Sam Cooke in his usual, salable style.\"\n\nIn 2004, the song was placed 373rd in Rolling Stone magazine's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.\n\nLater versions\n\nHerman's Hermits had a major hit in the mid-1960s with an uptempo version of the song (omitting one verse) which reached number four in the US and number seven in the UK. The Hermits' version was, according to singer Peter Noone and guitarist Keith Hopwood, done as a tribute to Cooke upon his death. In an interview with Hugh Brown prior to a 2020 concert in Edinburgh, Noone recalled that Jimmy Page, later founder of Led Zeppelin, played guitar on the track and was paid £12. Cash Box described it as having \"an infectious, rhythmic blues-tinged warm-hearted style.\"\nOtis Redding recorded a version of the song on his 1965 album Otis Blue.\nJohnny Nash recorded a version for his eponymous 1977 album What a Wonderful World.\nIn 1978, Art Garfunkel recorded the song at a slow tempo, with Paul Simon and James Taylor alternating as lead and backing vocalists. This reached number 17 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number 15 on the Cash Box Top 100. The Garfunkel version also became a number-one US Adult Contemporary hit for five weeks. Despite Paul Simon's presence on the recording, the song was not credited as a Simon and Garfunkel single. Instead, labels for US copies of the Columbia Records single read, \"Art Garfunkel with James Taylor & Paul Simon\".\n\nThe song (as credited under the alternate title, \"(What A) Wonderful World\") was included on later versions of Garfunkel's solo album, Watermark. It was added in place of another song (\"Fingerpaint\") to capitalize on the single's success.\n\nThe Garfunkel version includes a final verse not present in the original Sam Cooke recording; however, it is still credited to Adler, Alpert and Cooke. The lyrics to this new verse are as follows:\n\nDon't know much about the middle ages, looked at the pictures then I turned the pages\nDon't know nothin' 'bout no rise and fall, don't know nothin' 'bout nothin' at all\nGirl it's you that I've been thinkin' of, and if I could only win your love, oh, girl\nWhat a wonderful, wonderful world this would be\nWhat a wonderful, wonderful, wonderful world this would be...\n \nThe last line repeats, and the song fades out at this point.\n\nDon McLean recorded a version of the song for his 1986 album For the Memories.\nHong Kong singer Sandy Lam released a cover of the song in 1997.\nIn 1993, Japanese group Ulfuls released a cover of the song, which was later used in 1997 as ending song for the drama \"Sore ga kotae da!\"\nMichael Bolton recorded a cover in 1999 for his second album of covers, Timeless: The Classics Vol. 2.\n\nIn popular culture\nThe song is used in the 1978 film Animal House in the well-known lunchroom scene where Bluto (John Belushi) gathers food in preparation for a food fight. The song was also included in the 1983 film Breathless. The original Sam Cooke version of the song comprised the title soundtrack of the 2005 film Hitch.\n\nAfter a Greg Chapman cover of the song was featured prominently in the 1985 film Witness in a scene where Harrison Ford dances with Kelly McGillis, \"Wonderful World\" gained further exposure. Particularly in the United Kingdom, where a copy of the song, produced by Karl Jenkins and Mike Ratledge and with vocals sung by Barbadian Tony Jackson, a backing singer for Paul Young, appeared in \"Bath\", a well-remembered, Roger Lyons-directed 1985 advertisement for Levi's 501 jeans. As a result, the Sam Cooke version of the song became a hit in the UK, reaching No.2 and selling a certified 250,000 copies. In a 2005 poll by the UK's Channel Four the song was voted the 19th-greatest song ever to feature in a commercial.\n\nThe song is featured in the Mafia III's Official Soundtrack, published on October 7, 2016.\n\nCharts and certifications\n\nWeekly charts\n\nSam Cooke version\n\nHerman's Hermits version\n\nJohnny Nash version\n\nSimon and Garfunkel with James Taylor version\n\nCertifications\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n \n \n\n1959 songs\n1960 singles\nSam Cooke songs\nOtis Redding songs\nSong recordings produced by Mickie Most\nHerman's Hermits songs\nGlen Campbell songs\nSimon & Garfunkel songs\nJames Taylor songs\nRichard Marx songs\nDutch Top 40 number-one singles\nRPM Top Singles number-one singles\nSongs written by Sam Cooke\nThe Flying Pickets songs\nSongs written by Lou Adler\nMGM Records singles\nSongs about school\nKeen Records singles", "The Best of Sam Cooke is the second greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke. Produced by Hugo & Luigi, the album was released in 1962 in the United States by RCA Victor. The compilation contains most of Sam Cooke's most well-known hits from 1957 to 1962.\n\nCritical reception \nAllMusic critic Ron Wynn gave The Best of Sam Cooke three-and-a-half out of five stars and called it \"an above-average greatest hits collection, although no sampler could fully convey Sam Cooke's genius.\" In Blender, Robert Christgau was more critical, giving it one star and recommending listeners overlook the album in favor of the 30-song compilation Portrait of a Legend: 1951–1964.\n\nTrack listing\n\nSide one\n\"You Send Me\" – 2:45\n\"Only Sixteen\" – 2:02\n\"Everybody Loves to Cha Cha Cha\" – 2:42\n\"(I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons\" – 2:38\n\"Wonderful World\" – 2:06\n\"Summertime\" – 2:21\n\nSide two\n\"Chain Gang\" – 2:35\n\"Cupid\" – 2:37\n\"Twistin' the Night Away\" – 2:43\n\"Sad Mood\" – 2:38\n\"Having a Party\" – 2:36\n\"Bring It On Home to Me\" – 2:44\n\nPersonnel\nSam Cooke – vocals\nLou Rawls – back-up vocals\n\nVinyl Re-Issue\nIn 2018, Sony Music reissued the album in its original vinyl format as part of the RCA Legacy Recordings series.\n\nNotes \n\nSam Cooke compilation albums\nAlbums produced by Hugo & Luigi\n1962 greatest hits albums\nRCA Records compilation albums\nRCA Victor compilation albums" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death." ]

[ "Adiós is the 64th and final studio album by American singer-songwriter Glen Campbell. Recorded in Nashville between 2012 and 2013. The album was released on June 9, 2017. Campbell died on August 8, 2017, nearly two months later.\n\nBackground and recording\nAfter being diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, Campbell embarked on a 2011–2012 Farewell Tour. After finishing the tour, he entered the studio in Nashville to record a final album. According to his wife, Kim Campbell, he wanted to preserve \"what magic was left,\" in what would be his final recordings.\n\nFeaturing eleven songs Campbell had long loved but never recorded, the album was made with the help of producer and longtime collaborator Carl Jackson. Singers Willie Nelson, Vince Gill and Campbell's children Ashley, Shannon and Cal also make guest appearances. According to Carl Jackson, he had to stand with Campbell in the recording booth to record the vocals \"line by line\" as Campbell could not remember the lyrics. However, Jackson noted that Campbell \"didn't lose his melodies, and that beautiful perfect pitch and tone\".\n\nRelease\nThe album was released on June 9, 2017. The first track, a remake of the Fred Neil classic \"Everybody's Talkin'\", was released on YouTube and to the media on April 14, 2017. The title track was made available for streaming on May 3, 2017.\n\nSingle\nThe only single from the album is the title track, which was released on July 25, 2017, two weeks before his death.\n\nCommercial performance\nThe album debuted at No. 40 on Billboard 200 with 14,000 units, nearly all of which are from traditional album sales. This is Campbell's 16th top 40 album on the chart. It also debuted at No. 7 on Top Country Albums, his 19th top 10 album on this chart. The album has sold 72,800 copies in the US as of January 2018.\n\nIn the United Kingdom, Adiós debuted at number three on the UK Albums Chart on 16 June 2017, becoming Campbell's highest debut ever in the United Kingdom. It also became his second highest charting album there; his highest charting was the greatest hits album Glen Campbell's Twenty Golden Greats, which reached number one in 1976. Following Campbell's death, Adiós reached a new peak of number two.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n2017 albums\nGlen Campbell albums\nUniversal Music Enterprises albums\nAlbums produced by Carl Jackson", "Skylarkin' is Mic Christopher's first and only solo album, which was released posthumously following his death in November 2001. The album was finalised by Karl Odlum (of Mic's old band, The Mary Janes) and David Odlum (of The Frames). Many fellow musicians from the Irish music scene contributed to the album including Glen Hansard and Colm Mac Con Iomaire of The Frames, Rónán Ó Snodaigh of Kíla, Lisa Hannigan and Gemma Hayes.\n\nSkylarkin' entered the Irish charts at #39 in 2002 and in March of the following year won Best Irish album at the Meteor Awards. November 2004 saw the album achieving Platinum status in Ireland (selling over 15,000 copies). In 2005, Skylarkin''' was voted #14 in the Hot Press \"People's Choice\" Top 100 Irish Albums of All Time.\n\nThe song \"Heyday\", which was released as the title track of an EP in October 2000, was used in the Guinness advertisement Quarrel'', which was produced in Ireland in 2003 and starred Michael Fassbender.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Heyday\"\n \"Kids' Song\"\n \"Listen Girl\"\n \"Looking for Jude\"\n \"That's What Good Friends Do\"\n \"The Loneliest Man In Town\"\n \"Wide Eyed and Lying\"\n \"What a Curious Notion\"\n \"I've Got Your Back\"\n \"Skylarkin\"\n \"Daydreamin'\"\n\nReferences\n\n2002 debut albums\nAlbums published posthumously\nMic Christopher albums" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know." ]

[ "\"Smile\" is the lead single released from Scarface's fourth album, The Untouchable. The song features 2Pac and R&B singer, Johnny P. \"Smile\" is a remix of the 2Pac song \"Smile For Me Now\", which was produced by 2Pac and Damon Thomas and was released prior on the Death Row Records compilation album, Death Row Greatest Hits. \"Smile\" was produced by Scarface, Mike Dean and Tone Capone. The song became Scarface's most successful single to date, making it to number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100.\n\nMusic executive J Prince, in a 2018 interview with Rap Radar, stated that he asked Puff Daddy if the Notorious B.I.G. would also like to feature on the song, but after discovering that 2Pac would feature, he declined. The chorus contains an interpolation of \"Tell Me If You Still Care\" by The S.O.S. Band.\n\nSingle track listing\n\nB-Side\n\"Untouchable\" (Radio Edit)- 3:38\n\"Untouchable\" (Instrumental)- 3:59\n\nMusic video\nThe music video was released for the week ending on April 27, 1997.\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\n1997 singles\nScarface (rapper) songs\nTupac Shakur songs\nSong recordings produced by Dr. Dre\n1997 songs\nSongs written by Mike Dean (record producer)\nSongs written by Tupac Shakur\nAmerican contemporary R&B songs\nMusic videos directed by Paul Hunter (director)", "\"Letter 2 My Unborn\" is a song by Tupac Shakur, released as a posthumous single from his album Until the End of Time in 2001.\n\nThe accompanying music video received moderate airplay though it was less successful than the lead single from the album, the title track. The single peaked at number 64 in the airplay chart.\n\nLyrical content\nIn the song, Tupac speaks to his then-unborn child as a precaution for fear that he would not be able to meet or speak with them in the event of his death prior to their birth. Shakur relays stories of his own life and advises the child to avoid the troubles that he faced.\n\nComposition\nThe song samples Michael Jackson's 1987 hit \"Liberian Girl\" (from Bad, 1987), but is set at a higher tempo and features a female vocal backing track by Tena Jones (formerly of 4th Avenue Jones).\n\nTrack listing\n12\"\n \"Letter 2 My Unborn\" - 3:55\n \"Letter 2 My Unborn\" (instrumental) - 3:55\n \"Hell 4 a Hustler\" - 4:56\nPromo\nSide A\n \"Letter 2 My Unborn\" - 3:57\n \"Letter 2 My Unborn\" (instrumental) -\t3:57\n \"Letter 2 My Unborn\" (a cappella) - 3:56\nSide B\n \"Niggaz Nature\" (remix) (radio edit) - 3:45\n \"Niggaz Nature\" (remix) - 5:04\n \"Niggaz Nature\" (remix) (instrumental) - 5:08\n \"Niggaz Nature\" (remix) (a cappella) - 4:57\n\nChart positions\n\nReferences\n\nSongs about children\nSongs about fathers\nSongs about letters (message)\nSongs released posthumously\nTupac Shakur songs\n2001 singles\nSongs written by Michael Jackson\n2001 songs\nInterscope Records singles\nDeath Row Records singles\nSongs written by Tupac Shakur" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know.", "were the songs released after his death successful?", "\"Shake\", reached the top ten of both the pop and R&B charts. The B-side, \"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song" ]

[ "Elections to Blackburn with Darwen Borough Council in June 2004 heralded a shock result as Labour council leader Sir Bill Taylor lost his seat to Liberal Democrat Zamir Khan. \"This morning as I was shaving I thought I could get beat and that is what happened\", commented Taylor after the result. \"I canvassed more for this election than for any other. I spoke to more than a thousand people on their doorsteps and was not given any suggestion there were any difficulties.\" Liberal Democrat leader Paul Browne blamed the defeat on dissatisfaction with British foreign policy, particularly in areas with high numbers of Muslim voters: \"Sir Bill has gone because of what has happened in Iraq. Simple.\" Only 63 of the 64 seats on the council were filled as the Earcroft ward by-election took place a month after due to the death of Mayor Mike Barratt. Yusuf Sidat was elected as an independent in Queen's Park Ward.\n\nElection result\n\n|-\n!colspan=2|Parties\n!Seats\n!Previous\n!NetGain/Loss\n|-\n| \n|33||35||-2\n|-\n| \n|17||15||+2\n|-\n| \n|12||8||+4\n|-\n|\n|align=left|Independent\n|1||2||-1\n|-\n!colspan=2|Total!!63!!60\n|}\n\nSource:\n\nWards\n\nCorporation Park\nElected\nArshid Mahmood (Lab) 790\nPaul James McGurty (Con) 734\nAbdul Rehman (LD) 884\n\nElectorate 4617\nBallot Papers 2781\n% Poll 60.23\n\nReferences\n\n2004 English local elections\n2004\n2000s in Lancashire", "Horror-of-personality is a specific sub-category of horror and thriller genres; as opposed to excessive violence or the presence of malevolent supernatural beings, such stories evoke horror and/or suspense through villains who are perfectly human, but possess horrific personalities. They usually focus on Freudian psychology, as well as the cause and effect of profound insanity. Each narrative will either document an unbalanced person's descent into madness, or else follow somebody on the trail of a murderous psychopath. The settings are often deceptively ordinary, such as cheerful suburban homes or shabby hotels. \n\nExamples include the stories of Patricia Highsmith and Edgar Allan Poe, as well as classic films like Psycho and What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?\n\nSee also\nPsychological horror\nPsychological thriller\n\nFurther reading\n\nReferences\n\nHorror genres" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know.", "were the songs released after his death successful?", "\"Shake\", reached the top ten of both the pop and R&B charts. The B-side, \"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song", "what else happened as a result of his death?", "fans lined up for more than four city blocks to view his body." ]

[ "Taking Children Seriously (T.C.S.) is a parenting movement and educational philosophy whose central idea is that it is possible and desirable to raise and educate children without either doing anything to them against their will or making them do anything against their will.\n\nOverview\nIt was founded in 1994 as an on-line mailing-list by libertarian Sarah Fitz-Claridge and David Deutsch, a theoretical physicist at Oxford University.\n\nT.C.S. begins with the observation that most traditional interactions between adults and youth are based on coercion. The T.C.S. model of parenting and education rejects this coercion as infringing on the will of the child, and also rejects parental or educator \"self-sacrifice\" as infringing on the will of the adult. T.C.S. advocates that parents and children work to find a common preference, a solution all parties genuinely prefer to all other candidate solutions they can think of.\n\nThe T.C.S. philosophy was inspired by the epistemology of Karl Popper. Popper was a professional educator himself before he started work in philosophy. In fact, philosophy was only a second option for him at that time, to be able to emigrate to escape the imminent Anschluss. He was active in the Wiener Schulreform (Vienna school reform) movement, and there are connections between the psychology of learning, on which he did his doctoral thesis, and his philosophy. However, as a philosopher, he did not advocate any concrete pedagogy, although he had some general views on the issue. T.C.S. views Popper's epistemology, as did Popper, as a universal theory of how knowledge grows, and tries to work out its profound implications for educational theory.\n\nSee also \n \n Democratic education\n Unschooling\n Voluntaryism\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Taking Children Seriously Website\n Fallible Living TCS Essays\n Reprinted in the Utne Reader\n Taking Children Seriously (TCS) and Anarchy by (I)An-ok in Green Anarchy #10 pp. 20–1. Fall 2002. Internet archive\n \n\nAlternative education\nPhilosophy of education\nPedagogy\nWorks about parenting", "Murray McNeel Caird Urquhart (24 April 1880 – 12 April 1972), commonly known as Murray Urquhart, was a British painter. His son, Brian Urquhart, would play a significant role in the founding of the United Nations, going on to serve as the United Nations' Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs. He was dubbed “the century’s least successful painter\" by his own son.\n\nEarly life\n\nEarly life \nMurray McNeel Caird Urquhart was born on 24 April 1880 in Kirkcudbright, Scotland, to Andrew John Urquhart, a surgeon, and Helen Crokat McNeel Urquhart (née Caird), the daughter of Alexander McNeel Caird, the Procurator fiscal of Wigtownshire. Both his parents died soon after his birth, his mother died two weeks after Murray’s birth, and his father died 3 months later. Following his parents' death, he was initially brought up by his grandparents in Portpatrick, Wigtownshire. He was later taken in by an aunt, Sarah Urquhart, in Edinburgh.\n\nEducation \nMurray initially studied at the Merchiston Castle School, and briefly became a law student, before finally enrolling at the Edinburgh School of Art. In 1903, he subsequently moved on to study at the Slade School of Art, the Westminster School of Art (where he was tutored by artist Walter Sickert), and finally at the Academié Julian in Paris, where he was tutored by J.P. Laurens and stayed for two years.\n\nCareer \nAfter graduating, he subsequently began exhibiting his paintings. He exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts, the Royal Society of British Artists (later being elected a member), the Royal Hibernian Academy, Glasgow Institute of Fine Arts, the Royal Institute of Painters in Watercolours, and the New English Art Club. At the same time as his career as a painter took off, he began working as an illustrator for the children's book publisher T.C. & E.C. Jack in 1907.\n\nIn 2013, Murray's son, Brian, wrote in a New York Review of Books article that “Painting took absolute priority in [Urquhart’s] life, and his wife and children—not to mention national events and international disasters—were all secondary. He painted during daylight hours wherever he happened to be. What he did for money remained a mystery, except that we evidently had very little of it and lived in a primitive farm cottage without electricity or running water.”\n\nBrian also wrote that “The Great War presented a problem for my father, who would do anything to avoid military service. Was he mortally afraid of violent death? Or did he consider that painting was the only thing that he had the right and obligation to do? In any case, his obsession was such that he would hide, take a false name—anything to escape conscription.\"\n\nIn the early-mid 1930s he and his new wife lived in Kent, and later moved briefly to Kensington, from where he exhibited with the London Portrait Society. They then moved to Somerset, where Urquhart became an active member of the Society of Somerset Artists, becoming a vice-president in 1944 and later Chairman of the group in 1949. He remained there for several years, but later left, ending up in a nursing home in Alton, Hampshire, by 1972, he died shortly after.\n\nDeath \nHe died on 12 April 1972 at Graysholt Nursing Home, Alton, Hampshire, he didn't leave a will. His son Brian noted that “he neglected to make any effort to sell his pictures.” Although many have come up for auction since his death and realized respectable sums.\n\nPersonal life \nIn April 1911, in Bridport, Dorset, he married his first wife, Bertha Rendall, a schoolteacher born in Bridport on 14 December 1883, the daughter of Edward Pratt Rendall, a twine manufacturer. Their first child, Andrew, was born in Bridport in April 1914, and their second, Brian, in February 1919. In 1925, Murray (in the words of Brian Urquhart) “carried his easel and paintbox, rode away on his bicycle and never came home again.” Leaving his wife and two children. Two years later, he married Agatha Muriel Anne Snow, his cousin. Though he never officially divorced Bertha.\n\nReferences \n\nBritish painters\n1880 births\n1972 deaths" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know.", "were the songs released after his death successful?", "\"Shake\", reached the top ten of both the pop and R&B charts. The B-side, \"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song", "what else happened as a result of his death?", "fans lined up for more than four city blocks to view his body.", "Did his children or any other singers do anything special following his death?", "a much-heralded performance of \"The Angels Keep Watching Over Me\" by Ray Charles," ]

[ "My Kind of Blues may refer to:\n My Kind of Blues (B.B. King album), 1961\n My Kind of Blues (Sam Cooke album), 1961", "The Best of Sam Cooke is the second greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke. Produced by Hugo & Luigi, the album was released in 1962 in the United States by RCA Victor. The compilation contains most of Sam Cooke's most well-known hits from 1957 to 1962.\n\nCritical reception \nAllMusic critic Ron Wynn gave The Best of Sam Cooke three-and-a-half out of five stars and called it \"an above-average greatest hits collection, although no sampler could fully convey Sam Cooke's genius.\" In Blender, Robert Christgau was more critical, giving it one star and recommending listeners overlook the album in favor of the 30-song compilation Portrait of a Legend: 1951–1964.\n\nTrack listing\n\nSide one\n\"You Send Me\" – 2:45\n\"Only Sixteen\" – 2:02\n\"Everybody Loves to Cha Cha Cha\" – 2:42\n\"(I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons\" – 2:38\n\"Wonderful World\" – 2:06\n\"Summertime\" – 2:21\n\nSide two\n\"Chain Gang\" – 2:35\n\"Cupid\" – 2:37\n\"Twistin' the Night Away\" – 2:43\n\"Sad Mood\" – 2:38\n\"Having a Party\" – 2:36\n\"Bring It On Home to Me\" – 2:44\n\nPersonnel\nSam Cooke – vocals\nLou Rawls – back-up vocals\n\nVinyl Re-Issue\nIn 2018, Sony Music reissued the album in its original vinyl format as part of the RCA Legacy Recordings series.\n\nNotes \n\nSam Cooke compilation albums\nAlbums produced by Hugo & Luigi\n1962 greatest hits albums\nRCA Records compilation albums\nRCA Victor compilation albums" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know.", "were the songs released after his death successful?", "\"Shake\", reached the top ten of both the pop and R&B charts. The B-side, \"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song", "what else happened as a result of his death?", "fans lined up for more than four city blocks to view his body.", "Did his children or any other singers do anything special following his death?", "a much-heralded performance of \"The Angels Keep Watching Over Me\" by Ray Charles,", "what kind of legacy did sam cooke leave?", "\"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song from the era of the Civil Rights Movement" ]

[ "\"What Else Is There?\" is the third single from the Norwegian duo Röyksopp's second album The Understanding. It features the vocals of Karin Dreijer from the Swedish electronica duo The Knife. The album was released in the UK with the help of Astralwerks.\n\nThe single was used in an O2 television advertisement in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia during 2008. It was also used in the 2006 film Cashback and the 2007 film, Meet Bill. Trentemøller's remix of \"What Else is There?\" was featured in an episode of the HBO show Entourage.\n\nThe song was covered by extreme metal band Enslaved as a bonus track for their album E.\n\nThe song was listed as the 375th best song of the 2000s by Pitchfork Media.\n\nOfficial versions\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Album Version) – 5:17\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Radio Edit) – 3:38\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Jacques Lu Cont Radio Mix) – 3:46\n\"What Else Is There?\" (The Emperor Machine Vocal Version) – 8:03\n\"What Else Is There?\" (The Emperor Machine Dub Version) – 7:51\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Thin White Duke Mix) – 8:25\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Thin White Duke Edit) – 4:50\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Thin White Duke Remix) (Radio Edit) – 3:06\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Trentemøller Remix) – 7:42\n\"What Else Is There?\" (Vitalic Remix) – 5:14\n\nResponse\nThe single was officially released on 5 December 2005 in the UK. The single had a limited release on 21 November 2005 to promote the upcoming album. On the UK Singles Chart, it peaked at number 32, while on the UK Dance Chart, it reached number one.\n\nMusic video\nThe music video was directed by Martin de Thurah. It features Norwegian model Marianne Schröder who is shown lip-syncing Dreijer's voice. Schröder is depicted as a floating woman traveling across stormy landscapes and within empty houses. Dreijer makes a cameo appearance as a woman wearing an Elizabethan ruff while dining alone at a festive table.\n\nMovie spots\n\nThe song is also featured in the movie Meet Bill as characters played by Jessica Alba and Aaron Eckhart smoke marijuana while listening to it. It is also part of the end credits music of the film Cashback.\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2005 singles\nRöyksopp songs\nAstralwerks singles\nSongs written by Svein Berge\nSongs written by Torbjørn Brundtland\n2004 songs\nSongs written by Roger Greenaway\nSongs written by Olof Dreijer\nSongs written by Karin Dreijer", "\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" is a 2010 science fiction/magical realism short story by American writer Harlan Ellison. It was first published in Realms of Fantasy.\n\nPlot summary\nA scientist creates a tiny man. The tiny man is initially very popular, but then draws the hatred of the world, and so the tiny man must flee, together with the scientist (who is now likewise hated, for having created the tiny man).\n\nReception\n\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" won the 2010 Nebula Award for Best Short Story, tied with Kij Johnson's \"Ponies\". It was Ellison's final Nebula nomination and win, of his record-setting eight nominations and three wins.\n\nTor.com calls the story \"deceptively simple\", with \"execution (that) is flawless\" and a \"Geppetto-like\" narrator, while Publishers Weekly describes it as \"memorably depict(ing) humanity's smallness of spirit\". The SF Site, however, felt it was \"contrived and less than profound\".\n\nNick Mamatas compared \"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" negatively to Ellison's other Nebula-winning short stories, and stated that the story's two mutually exclusive endings (in one, the tiny man is killed; in the other, he becomes God) are evocative of the process of writing short stories. Ben Peek considered it to be \"more allegory than (...) anything else\", and interpreted it as being about how the media \"give(s) everyone a voice\", and also about how Ellison was treated by science fiction fandom.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nAudio version of ''How Interesting: A Tiny Man, at StarShipSofa\nHow Interesting: A Tiny Man, at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database\n\nNebula Award for Best Short Story-winning works\nShort stories by Harlan Ellison" ]

[ "Sam Cooke", "Aftermath", "what happened to sam cooke in the aftermath?", "Two singles and an album were released in the month after his death.", "what was the title of the album released after his death?", "I don't know.", "were the songs released after his death successful?", "\"Shake\", reached the top ten of both the pop and R&B charts. The B-side, \"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song", "what else happened as a result of his death?", "fans lined up for more than four city blocks to view his body.", "Did his children or any other singers do anything special following his death?", "a much-heralded performance of \"The Angels Keep Watching Over Me\" by Ray Charles,", "what kind of legacy did sam cooke leave?", "\"A Change Is Gonna Come\", is considered a classic protest song from the era of the Civil Rights Movement", "What else is interesting about the aftermath?", "Bertha Franklin said she received numerous death threats after shooting Cooke." ]

[ "Bliss is a modernist short story by Katherine Mansfield first published in 1918. It was published in the English Review in August 1918 and later reprinted in Bliss and Other Stories.\n\nPlot summary\nThe story follows a dinner party given by Bertha Young and her husband Harry.\n\nThe story starts with Bertha in a blissful mood as her party approaches, as she considers the specialness and unconventionality of her mood. The maid has prepared a colourful fruit tray for the party, which Bertha will arrange. The nanny is feeding the baby, who reluctantly lets Bertha hold her. The moment of connection with her daughter brings her more bliss.\n\nAfter a phone call from her husband, who is running late, Bertha thinks ahead to who will attend the party that evening. A couple, Mr. and Mrs. Norman Knight (close friends to Bertha and Harry), Eddie Warren, a neurotic and sought-after writer, and Pearl, a strange, mysterious young woman that Bertha has taken a liking to after meeting at a club. As she prepares the drawing room cushions, Bertha recalls how Harry has declared that he finds Pearl dull. She is sure there is much more to her. Her feeling of bliss continues as she hugs the cushions and looks over the balcony to a most perfect blossoming pear tree in the garden, which she imagines \"as a symbol of her own life.\" She lists to herself some of the many aspects of her life she is grateful for, and finds that her outfit is even reminiscent of the tree.\n\nAs the guests start to arrive, with Mr and Mrs Norman Knight calling each other nicknames and Eddie complaining about his taxi, she notes their outfits and appreciates how attractive the company is. As Harry arrives late, she considers the charm of her husband's eccentricities. Pearl is the last to arrive and, as Bertha takes her arm to lead her to the dining room, she feels an intense yet unspoken intimacy with her guest.\n\nWith everyone present, the meal begins. Compliments are paid regarding the food as theatre is discussed, and Bertha is overcome again by a sense of bliss, delighting in the company she has chosen. She thinks of the perfect pear tree in the moonlight in the garden, as she wonders how she can feel so connected to Pearl. She is somehow sure that Pearl must be feeling the same. \n\nAfter dinner, when Pearl asks if Bertha has a garden, she takes it as a sign of their connection and leads her to the garden window. Here, she opens the curtains to reveal the pear tree. The two women stand side-by-side admiring its beauty and in a seemingly perfect moment of mutual understanding and bliss, when the lights are snapped on and the moment ends.\n\nThey rejoin the group for coffee, cigarettes, and more lively conversation. Bertha thinks about how her husband is being quite rude to Pearl, which upsets Bertha. She decides that she will try to find a way to explain to him what she and Pearl have shared, but also realises that soon the party will end. She fears she will be alone with just her husband but then, \"for the first time in her life\", finds that she is also filled with desire for him. She wonders if this ardent feeling is what all her bliss has been leading up to.\n\nAs the guests begin to leave to catch their trains and taxis, Harry goes to help Pearl with her coat in the hallway, which Bertha appreciates considering his earlier brusqueness. In the drawing room still, Bertha fetches a book for Eddie to borrow. As she turns her head to peer down the hallway she sees Pearl and Harry in a romantic embrace, secretly arranging to see each other the next day.\n\nNot knowing they have been spotted, Pearl returns to the drawing room to say goodbye to Bertha and mentions the pear tree. As the final guests leave, Harry nonchalantly locks up behind them. Uncertain about the future, Bertha runs to her garden window and gazes upon her perfect tree, \"as lovely as ever.\"\n\nCharacters in \"Bliss\"\nBertha Young - the main character, age 30 \nHarry - Bertha's husband\nLittle Bertha/Little B - Bertha's baby daughter\nMary - servant\nNanny - Little B's nurse\nMr and Mrs Norman Knight - dinner guests\nEddie Warren - a poet\nPearl Fulton - a young, beguiling blonde woman\n\nFootnotes\n\nExternal links\nFull Text\n\nModernist short stories\n1920 short stories\nShort stories by Katherine Mansfield\nWorks originally published in The English Review", "Look What Happened to Samson (Spanish:Lo que le pasó a Sansón) is a 1955 Mexican comedy film directed by Gilberto Martínez Solares and starring Germán Valdés, Ana Bertha Lepe and Yolanda Varela.\n\nMain cast\n Germán Valdés as Tin Tan / Sansón \n Ana Bertha Lepe as Lila / Dalila \n Yolanda Varela as Soledad / Semadar \n Andrés Soler as Tío de Lila / Gran Sarán \n Marcelo Chávez as Arthur / Príncipe Atur \n Eduardo Alcaraz as Padre de Dalila \nElvira Quintana as Miriam \n Manuel Calvo as Matouk \n María Herrero as Arpagona \n Óscar Ortiz de Pinedo \n Armando Arriola as Don Santiago / Arquitecto Pío Rea \n Elvira Lodi \n Carlos Bravo y Fernández as Guardia\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography \n Carlos Monsiváis & John Kraniauskas. Mexican Postcards. Verso, 1997.\n\nExternal links \n \n\n1955 films\n1955 comedy films\nMexican comedy films\nMexican films\nSpanish-language films\nFilms directed by Gilberto Martínez Solares" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present" ]

[ "Slash is an English-American hard rock musician. Best known as the lead guitarist of Guns N' Roses (1985–1996 and 2016–present) and Velvet Revolver (2002–2008), he began his solo career in 2009 with the recording of his eponymous debut album. The album featured a range of musicians and vocalists, with the core rhythm section made up of bassist Chris Chaney and drummer Josh Freese. In promotion of the release, Slash toured throughout 2010 and 2011 with vocalist Myles Kennedy (who had recorded two songs for the album), rhythm guitarist Bobby Schneck, bassist Todd Kerns and drummer Brent Fitz. Former Big Wreck bassist Dave Henning was originally planned to be a member of the touring group, but was replaced by Kerns within weeks of the lineup's initial announcement.\n\nAfter the conclusion of his first solo touring cycle, Slash continued working with Kennedy, Kerns and Fitz on the recording of his second album. Released in 2012, Apocalyptic Love was billed as the first album by \"Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators\", the new name for the guitarist's backing band. Schneck was not retained for the Apocalyptic Love World Tour, with The Cab's Frank Sidoris announced as his replacement in February 2012. During the promotional tour for 2014's World on Fire, Slash and his band recorded their third live release Live at the Roxy 9.25.14, which was the first to feature Sidoris on guitar. The guitarist became a full member of the band in 2018, when he contributed to his first Slash studio recording, Living the Dream, which was released later in the year.\n\nOfficial members\n\nCurrent members\n\nFormer members\n\nOther contributors\n\nSession musicians\n\nTouring substitutes\n\nTimeline\n\nLineups\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSlash official website\n\nBand members\nSlash\nSlash band members", "4 is the fourth studio album by Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators, and Slash's fifth solo album overall. It was released on February 11, 2022, as the first album from the new Gibson Records label. The album was produced by country producer Dave Cobb in Nashville. The album was announced on October 20, 2021, with the release of the first track \"The River Is Rising\" as a single.\n\nBackground\nThough Slash reunited with Guns N' Roses in 2016, he has still continued with his solo work, this being the second studio album release in that time period. Writing for the album started during the 2018-19 Living the Dream Tour. Slash stated of the album, \"There’s two or three songs on the record that were written during the pandemic; everything else was written before\".\n\nLooking to record the album in a different style than previously, the band travelled to Nashville to record at RCA Studio A with Dave Cobb. Cobb shared the band's vision of recording the tracks live together, a tactic they had not employed on the previous albums. Slash noted that \"we did it more or less live, and the mistakes are all in there. It’s the sound of the five of us just jamming together in one room.\"\n\nThe band faced the complications of COVID-19 not only in a delay of getting together to record the album, but also with the recording itself. Myles Kennedy was the first of several band members to contract the virus. He points out that you can hear his congestion on the opening track but states that these anomalies make the album interesting because \"We just let those imperfections lay.\"\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nSlash featuring Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators\nSlash – lead guitar, talkbox\nMyles Kennedy – lead vocals\nTodd Kerns – bass guitar, backing vocals\nBrent Fitz – drums, percussion\nFrank Sidoris – rhythm guitar\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2022 albums\nSlash (musician) albums\nAlbums produced by Dave Cobb" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009," ]

[ "Palladium was an Australian band from Brisbane that was active from 1997 to 2003. The band consisted of members Chris Chalk (drums), Andrew Morris (guitar and vocals), Justin Sykes (bass) and Brant Ward (guitar and vocals).\n\nPalladium released their debut EP, Hoarsey, in 2001. Their debut album, the obscurely named Sister Flute and the Sunday Best, was released later in the year. They released another EP, Everybody Loves New Fashion, in early 2003 and the title track reached No. 92 on the ARIA Top 100 Singles chart.\n\nThe band received significant national airplay on Triple J with songs such as \"Hoarsey\" and \"Good Girls\".\n\nThey played their last show in October 2003 after Ward had decided to part ways. Morris, Sykes and Chalk were already working together on a new project. The band were recording a new album at the time. In 2009 the material that the band was working on at the time of their break-up had remained unreleased.\n\nDiscography\n\nAlbums/EPs\n\nSingles\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nAustralian indie rock groups", "Mrs. Piss is a collaborative project consisting of American musicians Chelsea Wolfe and Jess Gowrie.\n\nHistory\nMrs. Piss played together in a band called Red Host in the early 2000s. The duo started the project while touring around Wolfe's 2017 album Hiss Spun. Wolfe said \"Working on this project brought Jess and I so much closer as songwriters and production partners, after reuniting as friends and bandmates.\"\n\nMrs. Piss released their debut album Self-Surgery on May 29, 2020.They shared two singles from the album. Downer Surrounded by Uppers and Knelt, on May 14.\n\nMembers\n Chelsea Wolfe – guitar, vocals\n Jess Gowrie – drums, guitar, bass, programming\n\nDiscography\n\nStudio albums\n Self-Surgery (2020)\n\nReferences\n\nMusical groups established in 2017\nAmerican musical duos\n2017 establishments in the United States" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album." ]

[ "White Witch is the title of the second studio album by the group Andrea True Connection. It was released in 1977. The album had two singles: and \"N.Y., You Got Me Dancing\" and \"What's Your Name, What's Your Number\". This was the last album released by the group and the vocalist Andrea True would release a new album as a solo release only in 1980.\n\nBackground and production\nAfter the success of her first album and the gold-certified single More, More, More, the band begun to prepeare for their second release. The album production included studio musicians with a new band assembled for the tour, the second line-up, which included future Kiss guitarist Bruce Kulick, it was also produce by the disco pioneers Michael Zager and Jerry Love.\n\nSingles\nThe first single of the album was \"N.Y., You Got Me Dancing\", it was released in 1977 and became True's second biggest hit, reaching No. 27 on Billboard's pop chart, and #4 on the U.S. club chart, it also peaked #89 in the Canadian RPM's chart. \"What's Your Name, What's Your Number\" was released as the second and last single of the album (and also of the group) in 1978 and reached #9 on the U.S. club chart, #34 in the UK and #56 on the Billboard Hot 100\n\nCritical reception\n\nThe album received mixed reviews from music critics. Alex Henderson from the Allmusic website gave the album two and a half stars out of five in a mixed review which he wrote that \"while White Witch isn't a bad album, it falls short of the excellence her first album, More, More, More.\" He also stated that there are a few gems in the album \"including the Michael Zager-produced \"What's Your Name, What's Your Number\" and the exuberant, Gregg Diamond-produced \"N.Y., You Got Me Dancing\"\" according to him they're both \"exercises in unapologetically campy fun.\" He concluded that the album \"LP is strictly for diehard disco collectors.\"\n\nTrack listing\nsource:\n\nReferences\n\n1977 albums\nAndrea True albums\nBuddah Records albums", "Third Eye Open is a 1992 album by American funk/rock supergroup Hardware. Hardware consists of lead guitarist Stevie Salas, P-Funk bassist Bootsy Collins, and drummer Buddy Miles, formerly of the Band of Gypsys. The album was produced by Bill Laswell and Salas, and was the first release to be part of Laswell's Black Arc Series, which includes Lord of the Harvest by Zillatron, Out of the Dark by O.G. Funk, and Under the 6 by Slave Master.\n\nAlbum history\nWhen the album was first released in Japan on the Polystar label, the band was called The Third Eye and the name of the album was \"Hardware\". When the album secured distribution in the U.S., it was found that another band had owned the name \"The Third Eye\". To avoid any further legal hassles, it was opted that the title of the album and the name of band would simply be switched, thus the name of the band would be Hardware and the title of the album became Third Eye Open.\n\nThe song \"Leakin'\" is a version of a track that appeared on Collins' 1988 album What's Bootsy Doin'?, which featured Salas playing guitar. On this album, the song is credited to Salas, whereas the previous version is credited to Collins, George Clinton and Trey Stone.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nStevie Salas – guitars, vocals\nBootsy Collins – space bass, vocals\nBuddy Miles – drums, fuzz bass, vocals\nGeorge Clinton, Gary \"Mudbone\" Cooper, Bernard Fowler – background vocals\nDavid Friendly, Vince McClean, Matt Stein – digital bollocks\n\nHardware (band) albums\n1992 albums\nAlbums produced by Bill Laswell\nRykodisc albums" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album.", "What was the name of the album", "self-titled debut solo album." ]

[ "Ben James Peters (born Greenville, Mississippi, June 20, 1933; died Nashville, Tennessee, May 25, 2005) was an American country music songwriter who wrote many #1 songs. Charley Pride recorded 68 of his songs and 6 of them went to #1 on the American country charts. Peters was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1980.\n\nPeters was briefly a recording artist himself; his only charting hit was his own composition \"San Francisco is a Lonely Town\", which hit #46 on the country charts in 1969.\n\nNumber One Compositions in America\n\n\"Turn the World Around\" (1967) was a #1 Billboard chart country hit for Eddy Arnold & top 5 Billboard chart AC single.\n\"That's A No, No\" was a 1969 #1 Cashbox chart country hit for Lynn Anderson.\n\"Kiss an Angel Good Mornin'\" was a 1971 #1 Billboard chart country hit for Charley Pride; it also went to #21 on the American pop charts. It won Ben Peters the 1973 Grammy Award for Best Country Song.\n\"It's Gonna Take a Little Bit Longer\" was a 1972 #1 Billboard chart country hit for Charley Pride.\n\"Before the Next Teardrop Falls\" (w/Vivian Keith); first recorded in 1967 by Duane Dee in a version which reached #44 on the Billboard country singles chart early in 1968, the 1975 version by Freddy Fender was a #1 Billboard chart country and a #1 Billboard chart pop hit; it won a Country Music Association Award for Single of the Year in 1975.\n\"Love Put a Song in My Heart\" (1975) was a #1 Billboard chart country hit for Johnny Rodriguez.\n\"A Whole Lotta Things to Sing About\" was a #1 Billboard chart country hit for Charley Pride in 1976.\n\"Daytime Friends\" (1977) was a #1 Billboard chart country hit for Kenny Rogers. Westlife covered this song for a special BBC performance with Tony Brown as producer.\n\"Burgers and Fries\" was a 1978 #1 Billboard chart country hit for Charley Pride.\n\"Before My Time\" was a 1979 #1 Record World chart country hit for John Conlee and also a #1 hit on Canada's RPM'S country chart.\n\"You're So Good When You're Bad\" (1982) was a #1 Billboard chart country hit for Charley Pride.\n\nOther Number One Compositions\n I Want To Wake Up With You as recorded by Reggae singer, Boris Gardiner (1986-1987). This song was #1 in UK for 3 weeks. This song is one of the biggest hits in the history of reggae music.\n\"Living It Down\" went #1 in Canada's country music charts and it went to #2 as a Billboard chart country hit for Freddy Fender in 1976 in America.\n\nNotable Compositions\n\n\"If The Whole World Stopped Lovin'\" was a #3 pop hit in the UK in November 1967 for the Irish singer Val Doonican. It made #2 in Ireland.\n\"If The Whole World Stopped Lovin'\" was a #12 American Billboard chart hit in 1966 pop hit for Roy Drusky.\n\"Misty Memories\" was a Grammy Nominated country chart hit for Brenda Lee in 1971.\n\"I Need Somebody Bad\" was a #11 Billboard country chart hit for Jack Greene in 1973.\n\"Don't Give Up On Me\" was a #3 American Billboard country chart hit for Jerry Wallace in 1973.\n\"It's Time To Cross That Bridge\" was a #13 Billboard chart country hit for Jack Greene in 1973.\n\"I Can't Believe That It's All Over\" was a #13 Billboard chart country hit for Skeeter Davis in 1973.\n\"All Over Me\" was a 1975 #4 Billboard chart country hit in America for Charlie Rich.\n\"Lovin' On\" was a #20 American Billboard chart country hit for T.G. Sheppard in 1977.\n\"Before the Night is Over\" was recorded by Jerry Lee Lewis originally in 1977 and by Jerry Lee and BB King in 2006.\n\"Puttin' In Overtime At Home\" was a 1977 #8 Billboard chart country hit in America for Charlie Rich. It made #3 in Canada.\n\"Lovin' On\" was a #16 American Billboard chart country hit for Bellamy Brothers in 1978.\n\"Tell Me What It's Like\" (1979) was a #8 American Billboard chart Grammy Nominated country hit for Brenda Lee.\n\"Lost My Baby Blues\" was a 1982 top 5 Billboard chart country hit in America for David Frizzell. It made #5 in Canada.\n\"I'm Only a Woman\" recorded by Tammy Wynette.\n\nNotable History Making Albums\n\nPeters had 3 songs, \"The Little Town Square\", \"That's A No No\" and \"Satan Place\" on the million selling The Harper Valley P.T.A. album. This is a pop culture music album by Jeannie C. Riley released in 1968. This is Jeannie C. Riley's biggest album ever. The album was released by Plantation Records, and was very successful. The album reached No. 1 on the Billboard pop album chart, and No. 1 on the Billboard country album chart.\nPeters had 2 songs, \"Mr. Mistletoe\" and \"Soon It Will Be Christmas Day\" on The Christmas Album. This is a holiday music album by country music singer Lynn Anderson released in 1971. This was Lynn Anderson's first Christmas music album. The album was released by Columbia Records, and was very successful. The album reached No. 13 on the \"Billboard 200\" in 1971 (her highest chart position on that chart).\nPeters had 1 song, \"Daytime Friends\" on the 4 million selling 10 Years of Gold album. This is a collection of 10 years of Kenny Rogers hits. The album was released by United Artist, and went No. 1 on the Billboard country album chart in 1977.\nPeters had 1 song, \"Daytime Friends\" on the 4 million selling Kenny Rogers 20 Greatest Hits album. This is a collection of his hits prior to this project released in 1983. The album was released by Liberty Records, and was successful.\n\nReferences\n\nAmerican country songwriters\nAmerican male songwriters\nUniversity of Southern Mississippi alumni\n2005 deaths\n1933 births\nMusicians from Greenville, Mississippi\n20th-century American musicians\nSongwriters from Mississippi\n20th-century American male musicians", "Carpark North is the debut album by Danish electronic rock band Carpark North. It was released on 10 February 2003.\n\nTwo songs from the album were previously released: \"There's a Place\" in 2001 on the airwaves of Danish national radio, and \"40 Days\" on Carpark North's 40 Days EP.\n\nThe album was used as a soundtrack for the Danish teen-horror hit movie \"Midsommer\". The first single from the album, \"Transparent & Glasslike\" was an instant hit on the radio, and the album sold 10,000 units the first week. Over the following months the debut was certified platinum in Denmark, and the following Danish tour was sold out.\n\nIn 2005, the song \"Homeland\" was used in the hit American TV series Alias.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2003 debut albums\nCarpark North albums\nAlbums produced by Joshua (record producer)" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album.", "What was the name of the album", "self-titled debut solo album.", "Was the album a hit", "I don't know." ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album.", "What was the name of the album", "self-titled debut solo album.", "Was the album a hit", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "On February 3, 2010, Slash announced that Kennedy would be the lead vocalist for his band on tour." ]

[ "We All Need a Reason to Believe is the second studio album by American pop punk band Valencia. It was produced by Ariel Rechtshaid, who has done projects for We Are Scientists and Plain White T's. An early review from AbsolutePunk writer Drew Beringer stated the release proved Valencia is \"a band that can breathe new life into pop-punk\".\n\nThe album title comes from lyrics in the second track, \"Holiday\".\n\nRelease\nIn early April 2008, the band appeared at the Bamboozle Left festival. On April 8, the band posted a rough mix of \"Holiday\" online. It was mentioned that the track would feature on the band's next album, which was planned for release in late summer/early fall. In July, the band supported All Time Low on their headlining US tour. We All Need a Reason to Believe was made available for streaming on August 19 through the band's Myspace profile, before being released on August 26 through major label Columbia Records. In October and November, the band supported Bayside on their headlining US tour. On November 21, the band released a music video for \"Where Did You Go?\". In January and February 2009, the band went on a headlining tour of the US with support from Houston Calls. In February and March, the band toured Australia as part of the Soundwave festival. On April 30, a music video was released for \"The Good Life\". The band appeared at The Bamboozle festival in early May. Between late June and late August, the band performed on the Warped Tour.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Better Be Prepared\" — 3:09\n \"Holiday\" — 2:58\n \"Where Did You Go?\" (featuring Rachel Minton of Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer) — 3:21\n \"Head in Hands\" — 2:56\n \"Carry On\" — 3:41\n \"All at Once\" — 3:27\n \"Safe to Say\" — 3:21\n \"Listen Up\" (featuring Kenny Vasoli of The Starting Line) — 3:39 \n \"I Can't See Myself\" — 3:39\n \"The Good Life\" — 4:02\n \"Free\" — 4:18\n\nBonus track\n \"Running Away\" – 3:30\n\nWe All Need a Reason to B-Side\n \"When Words Fail, This Music Speaks\" — 2:41\n \"Working\" — 2:32\n \"Running Away\" — 3:33\n \"A Better Place to Land\" — 3:26\n\nPersonnel\n Shane Henderson — vocals\n JD Perry — guitar\n Maxim Soria — drums\n George Ciukurescu — bass\n Brendan Walter — guitar\n Kenny Vasoli (The Starting Line) — guest vocals on \"Listen Up\"\n Rachel Minton (Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer) — guest vocals on \"Where Did You Go?\"\n Dana Nielsen — engineer\n\nReferences\n\n2008 albums\nValencia (band) albums\nColumbia Records albums", "The Where Do We Go? World Tour was the fifth concert tour by American singer Billie Eilish, in support of her debut studio album When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go? (2019). The tour commenced on March 9, 2020 in Miami, Florida at American Airlines Arena and concluded prematurely on March 12, 2020 in Raleigh, North Carolina at PNC Arena. It was planned to conclude on September 7, 2020 in Jakarta, Indonesia at Indonesia Convention Exhibition, before Eilish cancelled future shows because of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of November 2021, it is unknown if the remaining tour dates will be transferred to her followup tour.\n\nBackground and development \nThe name of this tour essentially finishes the name of the previous tour (When We All Fall Asleep Tour), of which the same album was promoted. The tour was officially announced through Eilish's Instagram account on September 27, 2019. Eilish posted a picture along with the tour dates and venues. Then, on February 28, 2020, Eilish announced Jessie Reyez as the support act for North America and European dates.\n\nEilish was planned to embark on a sold-out North American tour in March 2020 and was set to tour South America and Europe before heading to Asia. On March 16, 2020, Eilish announced the postponement of her North American tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and on May 13, 2020, Eilish announced the postponement of the remainder of the tour for the same reason. On December 3, 2020, Eilish announced that the tour would be officially cancelled and gave fans a full refund, all while informing them that they'll be granted new tickets for her new tour.\n\nSet list \nThis set list is from the concert on March 9, 2020 in Miami. It is not intended to represent all shows from the tour.\n\n\"Bury a Friend\"\n\"You Should See Me in a Crown\"\n\"My Strange Addiction\"\n\"Ocean Eyes\"\n\"Copycat\"\n\"When I Was Older\"\n\"8\"\n\"Wish You Were Gay\"\n\"Xanny\"\n\"The Hill\" \n\"Lovely\"\n\"Listen Before I Go\"\n\"I Love You\"\n\"Ilomilo\"\n\"Bellyache\"\n\"Idontwannabeyouanymore\"\n\"No Time to Die\"\n\"When the Party's Over\"\n\"All the Good Girls Go to Hell\"\n\"Everything I Wanted\"\n\"Bad Guy\"\n\"Goodbye\"\n\nTour dates\n\nCancelled and Postponed shows\n\nNotes\n\nReferences \n\n2020 concert tours\nConcert tours of Europe\nBillie Eilish concert tours\nConcert tours of North America\nConcert tours of South America\nConcert tours cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album.", "What was the name of the album", "self-titled debut solo album.", "Was the album a hit", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "On February 3, 2010, Slash announced that Kennedy would be the lead vocalist for his band on tour.", "Where did they go on tour", "I don't know." ]

[ "Don Juan Manuel's Tales of Count Lucanor, in Spanish Libro de los ejemplos del conde Lucanor y de Patronio (Book of the Examples of Count Lucanor and of Patronio), also commonly known as El Conde Lucanor, Libro de Patronio, or Libro de los ejemplos (original Old Castilian: Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), is one of the earliest works of prose in Castilian Spanish. It was first written in 1335.\n\nThe book is divided into four parts. The first and most well-known part is a series of 51 short stories (some no more than a page or two) drawn from various sources, such as Aesop and other classical writers, and Arabic folktales.\n\nTales of Count Lucanor was first printed in 1575 when it was published at Seville under the auspices of Argote de Molina. It was again printed at Madrid in 1642, after which it lay forgotten for nearly two centuries.\n\nPurpose and structure\n\nA didactic, moralistic purpose, which would color so much of the Spanish literature to follow (see Novela picaresca), is the mark of this book. Count Lucanor engages in conversation with his advisor Patronio, putting to him a problem (\"Some man has made me a proposition...\" or \"I fear that such and such person intends to...\") and asking for advice. Patronio responds always with the greatest humility, claiming not to wish to offer advice to so illustrious a person as the Count, but offering to tell him a story of which the Count's problem reminds him. (Thus, the stories are \"examples\" [ejemplos] of wise action.) At the end he advises the Count to do as the protagonist of his story did.\n\nEach chapter ends in more or less the same way, with slight variations on: \"And this pleased the Count greatly and he did just so, and found it well. And Don Johán (Juan) saw that this example was very good, and had it written in this book, and composed the following verses.\" A rhymed couplet closes, giving the moral of the story.\n\nOrigin of stories and influence on later literature\nMany of the stories written in the book are the first examples written in a modern European language of various stories, which many other writers would use in the proceeding centuries. Many of the stories he included were themselves derived from other stories, coming from western and Arab sources.\n\nShakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew has the basic elements of Tale 35, \"What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\".\n\nTale 32, \"What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth\" tells the story that Hans Christian Andersen made popular as The Emperor's New Clothes.\n\nStory 7, \"What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana\", a version of Aesop's The Milkmaid and Her Pail, was claimed by Max Müller to originate in the Hindu cycle Panchatantra.\n\nTale 2, \"What happened to a good Man and his Son, leading a beast to market,\" is the familiar fable The miller, his son and the donkey.\n\nIn 2016, Baroque Decay released a game under the name \"The Count Lucanor\". As well as some protagonists' names, certain events from the books inspired past events in the game.\n\nThe stories\n\nThe book opens with a prologue which introduces the characters of the Count and Patronio. The titles in the following list are those given in Keller and Keating's 1977 translation into English. James York's 1868 translation into English gives a significantly different ordering of the stories and omits the fifty-first.\n\n What Happened to a King and His Favorite \n What Happened to a Good Man and His Son \n How King Richard of England Leapt into the Sea against the Moors\n What a Genoese Said to His Soul When He Was about to Die \n What Happened to a Fox and a Crow Who Had a Piece of Cheese in His Beak\n How the Swallow Warned the Other Birds When She Saw Flax Being Sown \n What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana \n What Happened to a Man Whose Liver Had to Be Washed \n What Happened to Two Horses Which Were Thrown to the Lion \n What Happened to a Man Who on Account of Poverty and Lack of Other Food Was Eating Bitter Lentils \n What Happened to a Dean of Santiago de Compostela and Don Yllán, the Grand Master of Toledo\n What Happened to the Fox and the Rooster \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Hunting Partridges \n The Miracle of Saint Dominick When He Preached against the Usurer \n What Happened to Lorenzo Suárez at the Siege of Seville \n The Reply that count Fernán González Gave to His Relative Núño Laynes \n What Happened to a Very Hungry Man Who Was Half-heartedly Invited to Dinner \n What Happened to Pero Meléndez de Valdés When He Broke His Leg \n What Happened to the Crows and the Owls \n What Happened to a King for Whom a Man Promised to Perform Alchemy \n What Happened to a Young King and a Philosopher to Whom his Father Commended Him \n What Happened to the Lion and the Bull \n How the Ants Provide for Themselves \n What Happened to the King Who Wanted to Test His Three Sons \n What Happened to the Count of Provence and How He Was Freed from Prison by the Advice of Saladin\n What Happened to the Tree of Lies \n What Happened to an Emperor and to Don Alvarfáñez Minaya and Their Wives \n What Happened in Granada to Don Lorenzo Suárez Gallinato When He Beheaded the Renegade Chaplain \n What Happened to a Fox Who Lay down in the Street to Play Dead \n What Happened to King Abenabet of Seville and Ramayquía His Wife \n How a Cardinal Judged between the Canons of Paris and the Friars Minor \n What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth \n What Happened to Don Juan Manuel's Saker Falcon and an Eagle and a Heron \n What Happened to a Blind Man Who Was Leading Another \n What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\n What Happened to a Merchant When He Found His Son and His Wife Sleeping Together \n What Happened to Count Fernán González with His Men after He Had Won the Battle of Hacinas \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Loaded down with Precious Stones and Drowned in the River \n What Happened to a Man and a Swallow and a Sparrow \n Why the Seneschal of Carcassonne Lost His Soul \n What Happened to a King of Córdova Named Al-Haquem \n What Happened to a Woman of Sham Piety \n What Happened to Good and Evil and the Wise Man and the Madman \n What Happened to Don Pero Núñez the Loyal, to Don Ruy González de Zavallos, and to Don Gutier Roiz de Blaguiello with Don Rodrigo the Generous \n What Happened to a Man Who Became the Devil's Friend and Vassal \n What Happened to a Philosopher who by Accident Went down a Street Where Prostitutes Lived \n What Befell a Moor and His Sister Who Pretended That She Was Timid \n What Happened to a Man Who Tested His Friends \n What Happened to the Man Whom They Cast out Naked on an Island When They Took away from Him the Kingdom He Ruled \n What Happened to Saladin and a Lady, the Wife of a Knight Who Was His Vassal \n What Happened to a Christian King Who Was Very Powerful and Haughty\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nBibliography\n\n Sturm, Harlan\n\n Wacks, David\n\nExternal links\n\nThe Internet Archive provides free access to the 1868 translation by James York.\nJSTOR has the to the 1977 translation by Keller and Keating.\nSelections in English and Spanish (pedagogical edition) with introduction, notes, and bibliography in Open Iberia/América (open access teaching anthology)\n\n14th-century books\nSpanish literature\n1335 books", "\"What Happened to Us\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written by Sean, Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim and Israel Cruz. \"What Happened to Us\" was leaked online in October 2010, and was released on 10 March 2011, as the third single from Mauboy's second studio album, Get 'Em Girls (2010). The song received positive reviews from critics.\n\nA remix of \"What Happened to Us\" made by production team OFM, was released on 11 April 2011. A different version of the song which features Stan Walker, was released on 29 May 2011. \"What Happened to Us\" charted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 14 and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). An accompanying music video was directed by Mark Alston, and reminisces on a former relationship between Mauboy and Sean.\n\nProduction and release\n\n\"What Happened to Us\" was written by Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz and Jay Sean. It was produced by Skaller, Cruz, Rohaim and Bobby Bass. The song uses C, D, and B minor chords in the chorus. \"What Happened to Us\" was sent to contemporary hit radio in Australia on 14 February 2011. The cover art for the song was revealed on 22 February on Mauboy's official Facebook page. A CD release was available for purchase via her official website on 10 March, for one week only. It was released digitally the following day.\n\nReception\nMajhid Heath from ABC Online Indigenous called the song a \"Jordin Sparks-esque duet\", and wrote that it \"has a nice innocence to it that rings true to the experience of losing a first love.\" Chris Urankar from Nine to Five wrote that it as a \"mid-tempo duet ballad\" which signifies Mauboy's strength as a global player. On 21 March 2011, \"What Happened to Us\" debuted at number 30 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and peaked at number 14 the following week. The song was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for selling 70,000 copies. \"What Happened to Us\" spent a total of ten weeks in the ARIA top fifty.\n\nMusic video\n\nBackground\nThe music video for the song was shot in the Elizabeth Bay House in Sydney on 26 November 2010. The video was shot during Sean's visit to Australia for the Summerbeatz tour. During an interview with The Daily Telegraph while on the set of the video, Sean said \"the song is sick! ... Jessica's voice is amazing and we're shooting [the video] in this ridiculously beautiful mansion overlooking the harbour.\" The video was directed by Mark Alston, who had previously directed the video for Mauboy's single \"Let Me Be Me\" (2009). It premiered on YouTube on 10 February 2011.\n\nSynopsis and reception\nThe video begins showing Mauboy who appears to be sitting on a yellow antique couch in a mansion, wearing a purple dress. As the video progresses, scenes of memories are displayed of Mauboy and her love interest, played by Sean, spending time there previously. It then cuts to the scenes where Sean appears in the main entrance room of the mansion. The final scene shows Mauboy outdoors in a gold dress, surrounded by green grass and trees. She is later joined by Sean who appears in a black suit and a white shirt, and together they sing the chorus of the song to each other. David Lim of Feed Limmy wrote that the video is \"easily the best thing our R&B princess has committed to film – ever\" and praised the \"mansion and wondrous interior décor\". He also commended Mauboy for choosing Australian talent to direct the video instead of American directors, which she had used for her previous two music videos. Since its release, the video has received over two million views on Vevo.\n\nLive performances\nMauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" live for the first time during her YouTube Live Sessions program on 4 December 2010. She also appeared on Adam Hills in Gordon Street Tonight on 23 February 2011 for an interview and later performed the song. On 15 March 2011, Mauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Sunrise. She also performed the song with Stan Walker during the Australian leg of Chris Brown's F.A.M.E. Tour in April 2011. Mauboy and Walker later performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Dancing with the Stars Australia on 29 May 2011. From November 2013 to February 2014, \"What Happened to Us\" was part of the set list of the To the End of the Earth Tour, Mauboy's second headlining tour of Australia, with Nathaniel Willemse singing Sean's part.\n\nTrack listing\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Just Witness Remix) – 3:45\n\nCD single\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Album Version) – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:39\n\nDigital download – Remix\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:38\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Stan Walker – 3:20\n\nPersonnel\nSongwriting – Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz, Jay Sean\nProduction – Jeremy Skaller, Bobby Bass\nAdditional production – Israel Cruz, Khaled Rohaim\nLead vocals – Jessica Mauboy, Jay Sean\nMixing – Phil Tan\nAdditional mixing – Damien Lewis\nMastering – Tom Coyne \nSource:\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly chart\n\nYear-end chart\n\nCertification\n\nRadio dates and release history\n\nReferences\n\n2010 songs\n2011 singles\nJessica Mauboy songs\nJay Sean songs\nSongs written by Billy Steinberg\nSongs written by Jay Sean\nSongs written by Josh Alexander\nSongs written by Israel Cruz\nVocal duets\nSony Music Australia singles\nSongs written by Khaled Rohaim" ]

[ "Myles Kennedy", "Work with Slash: 2009-present", "When did Kennedy start working with Slash", "In late 2009,", "What project were they working on together", "it was reported that they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album.", "What was the name of the album", "self-titled debut solo album.", "Was the album a hit", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "On February 3, 2010, Slash announced that Kennedy would be the lead vocalist for his band on tour.", "Where did they go on tour", "I don't know.", "What happened in 2009", "they would be working together on Slash's self-titled debut solo album." ]

[ "The 2021 24H GT Series powered by Hankook was the seventh season of the 24H Series with drivers battling for championship points and titles and the twelfth season since Creventic, the organiser and promoter of the series, organised multiple races a year. The races will be contested with GT3-spec cars, GT4-spec cars, sports cars and 24H-Specials, like silhouette cars.\n\nCalendar\n\nEntry List\n\nRace Results\nBold indicates overall winner.\n\nChampionship standings\n\nDrivers' Overall\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTeams' Overall\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT3-Pro Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT3-Pro Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT3-Am Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT3-Am Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGTX Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGTX Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\n991 Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\n991 Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT4 Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nGT4 Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nSee also\n24H Series\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n24H GT Series\n24H GT Series", "The 2021 24H Touring Car Endurance Series powered by Hankook was the sixth season of the Touring Car Endurance Series (TCES). Creventic is the organiser and promoter of the series. The races will be contested with TCR Touring Cars, TCX cars and TC cars.\n\nCalendar\n\nEntry list\n\nRace Results\nBold indicates overall winner.\n\nChampionship standings\n\nDrivers' Overall\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTeams' Overall\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTCR Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTCR Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTCX Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTCX Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTC Drivers'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nTC Teams'\n\n† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 60% of the class winner's race distance.\n\nSee also\n24H Series\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n24H TCE\n24H TCE\n24H TCE" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records" ]

[ "Paramount Records was an American record label known for its recordings of jazz and blues in the 1920s and early 1930s, including such artists as Ma Rainey, Tommy Johnson and Blind Lemon Jefferson.\n\nEarly years\nParamount Records was formed in 1917 by United Phonographs, a subsidiary of the Wisconsin Chair Company, which trademarked its record brand from Port Washington and began issuing records the following year on the Puritan and Paramount labels. Puritan lasted only until 1927, but Paramount, based in the factory of its parent company in Grafton, Wisconsin, published some of the nation's most important early blues recordings between 1929 and 1932. The label's offices were located in Port Washington, Wisconsin and the pressing plant was located at 1819 S. Green Bay Road in Grafton, Wisconsin. The label was managed by Fred Dennett Key.\n\nThe Wisconsin Chair Company made wooden phonograph cabinets for Edison Records. In 1915 it started making its own phonographs in the name of its subsidiary, the United Phonograph Corporation. It made phonographs under the Vista brand name through the end of the decade; the line failed commercially.\n\nIn 1918, a line of records debuted on the Paramount label. They were recorded and pressed by a Chair Company subsidiary, the New York Recording Laboratories, Inc. which, despite its name, was located in the same Wisconsin factory in Port Washington. Advertisements, however, stated: \"Paramounts are recorded in our own New York laboratory\".\n\nIn its early years, the Paramount label fared only slightly better than the Vista phonograph line. The product had little to distinguish itself. Paramount released pop recordings with average audio quality pressed on average quality shellac. With the coming of electric recording, both the audio fidelity and the shellac quality declined to well below average, although some Paramount records were well pressed on better shellac and have become collectible.\n\nIn the early 1920s, Paramount was accumulating debt while producing no profit. Paramount began offering to press records for other companies on a contract basis at low prices.\n\nRace records\nParamount was contracted to press discs for Black Swan Records. When the Black Swan company later floundered, Paramount bought out Black Swan and made records by and for African Americans. These so-called race music records became Paramount's most famous and lucrative business, especially its 12000 series. It is estimated that a quarter of all race records released between 1922 and 1932 were on the Paramount label.\n\nParamount's race record series was launched in 1922 with vaudeville blues songs by Lucille Hegamin and Alberta Hunter. The company had a large mail-order operation which was a key to its early success.\n\nMost of Paramount's race music recordings were arranged by black entrepreneur J. Mayo Williams. \"Ink\" Williams, as he was known, had no official position with Paramount, but he was given wide latitude to bring African American talent to the Paramount recording studios and to market Paramount records to African American consumers. Williams did not know at the time that the \"race market\" had become Paramount's prime business and that he was keeping the label afloat.\n\nProblems with low fidelity and poor pressings continued. Blind Lemon Jefferson's 1926 hits, \"Got the Blues\" and \"Long Lonesome Blues\", were quickly rerecorded in the superior facilities of Marsh Laboratories, and subsequent releases used the rerecorded version. Both versions were released on compilation albums.\n\nIn 1927, Ink Williams moved to competitor Okeh, taking Blind Lemon Jefferson with him for just one recording, \"Matchbox Blues\". Paramount's recording of the same song can be compared with Okeh's on compilation albums. In 1929, Paramount was building a new studio in Grafton, so it sent Charley Patton —\"sent up\" by Jackson, Mississippi, storeowner H. C. Speir —to the studio of Gennett Records in Richmond, Indiana, where on June 14 he cut 14 famous sides, which led many to consider him the \"Father of the Delta Blues\".\n\nAfter Williams left Paramount, he placed the business in the hands of his secretary, Aletha Dickerson, who had not been informed that her former employer had quit. Dickerson continued working for Paramount, and eventually moved to the company's new headquarters is Grafton. In 1931, she quit when the management, facing hard times, cut her wages.\n\nDepression, closure, reissues\nThe Great Depression drove many record companies out of business. Paramount stopped recording in 1932 and closed in 1935.\n\nIn 1948, Paramount was bought by John Steiner, who revived the label for reissues of important historical recordings and new recordings of jazz and blues. In 1952, Steiner leased reissue rights to a newly formed Riverside jazz label. Riverside reissued 10\" and then 12\" LPs by many blues singers in the Paramount catalog, as well as jazz by such Chicago-based musicians as Jelly Roll Morton, King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band (which included a young Louis Armstrong), Johnny Dodds, Muggsy Spanier, and Meade Lux Lewis. The Riverside label remained active until 1964. The rights to Paramount's back catalog were acquired by George H. Buck in 1970. The use of the name \"Paramount Records\" was purchased from Buck by Paramount Pictures, a previously unconnected company.\n\nLike other record companies during the Great Depression, Paramount sold most of its master recordings as scrap metal. Some of the company's recordings were said to have been thrown into the Milwaukee River by disgruntled employees when the company was closing in the mid-1930s. A 2006 episode of the PBS television show History Detectives showed divers searching the river for Paramount masters and unsold 78s, but they were unsuccessful. Author Amanda Petrusich also dived in the river looking for records for her 2014 book Do Not Sell At Any Price, but did not find any.\n\nWhen Riverside re-released the original recordings, they used records from the collection of John Hammond.\n\nJohn Fahey's Revenant Records and Jack White's Third Man Records issued two volumes of remastered tracks from Paramount's catalog, The Rise and Fall of Paramount Records, Volume One (1917–27) and The Rise and Fall of Paramount Records, Volume Two (1928–32), on vinyl records with a USB drive for digital access. Each volume features 800 songs, contemporary ads and images (200 in volume one and 90 in volume 2), two books (a history of Paramount and a guide to the artists and recordings) and six 180-gram vinyl LPs, packaged in a hand-crafted oak case modeled after those that carried phonographs in the 1920s.\n\nSee also\n List of record labels\n Paramount Records (1969)\n Puritan Records\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n 1924 Paramount catalog\nOnline Discography, University of Wisconsin-Madison\n\"In A Few Fateful Years, One Record Label Blew Open The Blues\". Tom Cole, NPR Weekend Edition, January 31, 2015.\n\"Paramount Records\". Interview with author Amanda Petrusich on Central Time show on Wisconsin Public Radio, April 22, 2015.\nParamount Records on the Internet Archive's Great 78 Project\n\n \nRecord labels established in 1918\nRecord labels disestablished in 1935\nRecord labels established in 1948\nRe-established companies\nVertical cut record labels\nJazz record labels\nBlues record labels\nDefunct companies based in Wisconsin\nHistory of Wisconsin\nOzaukee County, Wisconsin", "Famous Music Corporation was the worldwide music publishing division of Paramount Pictures, a division of Viacom since 1994. Its copyright holdings span several decades and includes music from such Academy Award-winning motion pictures as The Godfather and Forrest Gump. It was founded in 1928 by Paramount’s predecessor, the Famous-Lasky Corporation, to publish music from its \"talking pictures.\" Some of the classic songs in the Famous Music catalog that originated in motion pictures include \"Moon River\", \"Thanks for the Memory\", \"Silver Bells\", \"Mona Lisa\", \"Where Do I Begin?\" (the theme from Love Story), \"Speak Softly, Love\" (the theme from The Godfather), \"Up Where We Belong\", \"Footloose\", \"Take My Breath Away\" and \"My Heart Will Go On\".\n\nFamous Music additionally owned music and songs from television programs produced by Paramount until ownership of most of those songs was transferred to CBS in 2006 as part of Viacom's split into two separate companies: CBS and \"new\" Viacom. These included the \"Theme from Mission: Impossible\" (ownership remained with Paramount), the \"Theme from Star Trek\", and \"Where Everybody Knows Your Name\" (the theme from Cheers).\n\nFamous Music also provided licensing and administration services for many prominent music catalog owners such as CBS, The Clyde Otis Music Catalogs, as well as for other Viacom divisions including MTV, Nickelodeon and BET.\n\nStarting mostly in the late 1980s and continuing until the company was sold in 2007 (see below), Famous Music was active in acquiring songs that did not originate in Paramount motion pictures or television programs. These included the purchase of many works from the Duke Ellington catalog, as well as acquisition or administration agreements with recording artists and producers such as Shakira, Eminem, Akon, She Wants Revenge, Boyz II Men, Paula Cole, The Cunninghams, Björk, Gavin Rossdale, Daniel Powter, Harvey Danger, Martika, KC Porter, Linda Perry, Kike Santander, Irv Gotti, Placebo, Modest Mouse, Jet and P.O.D.\n\nIn May 2007, Viacom sold Famous Music to Sony/ATV Music Publishing co-owned by Sony and Michael Jackson for a reported $370m. Famous Music was then renamed Sony/ATV Harmony and Sony/ATV Melody.\n\nIn December 2012, Sony/ATV sold the Famous Music UK song catalogue (which included Placebo and The Kooks) to BMG Rights Management. Paramount Pictures moved the administration of its music to Universal Music Publishing Group sometime in the late 2010s; ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks (excluding Showtime Networks) followed suit in 2020.\n\nFamous Music Records Group \nFor a number of years, Famous Music also had a record label group division that included Blue Thumb Records, Dot Records and Paramount Records. In 1974 these were acquired by ABC Records for $5.5 million with most of the Famous labels absorbed into ABC Records.\n\nFamous had distribution deals with Neighborhood Records and Sire Records, the latter of which was distributed by ABC until 1977.\n\nThe catalogs of all the ABC/Famous Music labels are now owned by Universal Music Group (with some exceptions, for example, the 1968-1970 catalog of Stax Records, which during that period was owned by Famous, is owned by Concord Music Group, itself distributed by UMG.)\n\nVarious labels under Universal manage different parts of the catalog depending on the genre. Here are some examples:\n\nPop, rock, R&B: Geffen Records\nCountry: MCA Nashville Records\nJazz: Impulse! Records\nClassical: Deutsche Grammophon\nMusical theater: Decca Broadway\n\nArtists\n Hillary Lindsey\n Green Bottle Records\n John Lee Hooker\n Clockwork\n David Tolk\n Jonathan Mead Radford\n Monifah\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nFamous Music Videos Database Collection\n\nMusic publishing companies of the United States\nFormer Viacom subsidiaries\nFormer Sony subsidiaries\n2007 mergers and acquisitions\nParamount Pictures\nGulf and Western Industries\nAmerican companies established in 1928\nEntertainment companies established in 1928\nSony Music Publishing" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s." ]

[ "Glenmore is a historic house in Jefferson City, Tennessee, United States.\n\nHistory\nThe three-story house was built in 1868-1869 for John Roper Branner, the President of the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway. From 1868 to 1879, it was the location of the Branner Institute for Young Women, run by his brother.\n\nThe house was acquired by Milton Preston Jarnagin in 1882. It was Jarnagin who named it Glenmore. When he died, the house was inherited by his son, Frank Watkins Jarnagin, who raised Percheron horses on the property.\n\nIt was deeded to the Preservation of Tennessee Antiquities in 1969-1970.\n\nArchitectural significance\nThe house was designed in the Second Empire architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since April 13, 1973.\n\nReferences\n\nHouses completed in 1869\nHouses in Jefferson County, Tennessee\nSecond Empire architecture in Tennessee\nHouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee\nNational Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Tennessee", "Fairfax is a historic mansion in White Pine, Jefferson County, Tennessee, USA.\n\nHistory\nThe mansion was completed in 1840. It was built by Lawson D. Franklin (1801–1861), Tennessee's first millionaire, for his son, Isaac White Rodgers Franklin, Sr. (1827–1866). It was designed in the Greek Revival architectural style.\n\nSenator Herbert S. Walters grew up in this house. By 1953, it was acquired by Thomas H. Berry and his wife, Ellen McClung. They restored it a year later, in 1954. They hired Irish painter James Reynolds to do the murals in the living-room.\n\nArchitectural significance\nIt has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since April 13, 1973. The house was surveyed and photographed for the Historic American Buildings Survey, where it is called the Isaac Franklin House.\n\nReferences\n\nHouses in Jefferson County, Tennessee\nHouses completed in 1840\nGreek Revival houses in Tennessee\nHouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee\nNational Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Tennessee" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs" ]

[ "The Mystery Of Cabin Island is Volume 8 in the original The Hardy Boys Mystery Stories published by Grosset & Dunlap.\nThis book was written for the Stratemeyer Syndicate by Leslie McFarlane in 1929. Between 1959 and 1973 the first 38 volumes of this series were systematically revised as part of a project directed by Harriet Adams, Edward Stratemeyer's daughter. The original version of this book was rewritten in 1966 by Anne Shultes resulting in two different stories with the same title.\n\nPlot summary (revised edition)\n\nA series of adventures begins for the Hardy Boys and their friends Chet and Biff after they are invited to spend Christmas vacation on Cabin Island at the invitation of its owner, Mr. Jefferson, as a reward for recovering Jefferson's car in The Shore Road Mystery. While they are collecting the keys to the cabin from Mr. Jefferson they meet Mr. Hanleigh who is interested in purchasing the island. As well, Mr. Jefferson asks the Hardy boys to locate his grandson Johnny who has gone missing.\n\nAs the boys try to enjoy themselves, someone seems determined to spoil their fun. First, two high school dropouts vandalize their loaded ice boat, the Sea Gull, which delays their departure for Cabin Island by a few hours. Once on the island, a ghost-like hooting leads to an innocent and humorous discovery. All their groceries are stolen, and so Frank and Joe head for the coast to purchase new supplies, but not long after, they find the original stock buried in snow. Chet sees a ghost walking through the woods, as well Mr. Hanleigh and the two high school dropouts are seen sneaking around the island, apparently searching for something.\n\nAfter a series of collisions and near misses with the Sea Gull, the Hardys learn that Mr. Hanleigh is the nephew of a former servant of Mr. Jefferson and he is looking for something hidden in the fireplace. A foreign dignitary, who was earlier mistaken for a ghost due to his white robes, reveals that he is seeking a medal that was presented to the grandfather of his nation's ruler, and had been misled by Mr. Hanleigh who was pretending to be Jefferson's representative.\n\nThe Hardy boys find the missing medals hidden in the chimney and also locate Johnny, returning both to Mr. Jefferson who rewards them with a medal for each of them.\n\nPlot summary (original edition)\n\nWhile riding in their homemade iceboat on the frozen surface of Barmet Bay, Frank and Joe Hardy and Chet Morton discuss their plans for the upcoming Christmas holiday break, and decide to ask if they could rent out the namesake cabin on Cabin Island. However, a mysterious stranger chases them off the island, and on their return to shore, they nearly crash into an iceboat piloted by Ted Carson and Ike Nash, two reckless and obnoxious youths. The boys are later invited to the home of Elroy Jefferson, a man whose car they returned in The Shore Road Mystery, so he can reward them. They overhear an argument between Jefferson, the owner of Cabin Island, and a Mr. Hanleigh, who is constantly trying to buy the titular cabin for large sums of money. Mr. Jefferson initially tries to give them a monetary reward for returning his stolen Pierce Arrow (Jefferson was in Europe when the car was returned), but the boys ask if they can use his cabin for the holidays, which Mr. Jefferson grants them permission for. As time goes by on the island, the boys notice that strange things have been going on, most notably the disappearance of their supplies. Frank and Joe head to a village on the mainland to get more supplies, and end up talking to a storekeeper named Amos Grice. Grice tells the boys that Jefferson had once married a woman who would inherit the valuable Bender stamp collection from her father, and that rumor has it that Jefferson really married her for the stamps, which were turned over to Elroy when she did inherit them. Jefferson built the cabin years ago for his late wife and son to use in the summer, but while it was being constructed the stamp collection vanished along with their servant, John Sparewell, and Mrs. Jefferson died shortly thereafter. It is later revealed that after Sparewell was almost caught with the stamps, he went to Cabin Island to try to return the stamps in secret. However, he hid them in a gap in the chimney, intending to retrieve them the next day, but the gap was mortared up, sealing them up. Before Sparewell died, he willed the box of stamps to his nephew, Mr. Hanleigh, with the instructions to return it to Jefferson. Hanleigh had been trying to buy the island and prowl around it to recover the stamps, but never intended to give them back to Jefferson. Neither Hanleigh nor the boys were able to find the stamps, but when a violent storm tears the chimney apart, the box of stamps is miraculously recovered.\n\nReferences\n\nThe Hardy Boys books\n1929 American novels\n1929 children's books\n1966 American novels\n1966 children's books\nGrosset & Dunlap books", "The Ultimate Collection is a compilation album by the American vocalist, pianist and songwriter Oleta Adams, released in 2004.\n\nTrack listing \nDisc 1\t\n\"Rhythm Of Life\" - 4:18\n\"Circle Of One\" - 3:52\n\"Get Here\" - 4:35\n\"I've Got To Sing My Song\" - 4:02\n\"You've Got To Give Me Room\" - 5:15\n\"Don't Let The Sun Go Down On Me\" - 5:54\n\"I Just Had To Hear Your Voice\" - 3:39\n\"Hold Me For A While\" - 5:09\n\"The Day I Stop Loving You\" - 5:02\n\"My Heart Won't Lie\" - 4:41\n\"When Love Comes To The Rescue\" - 5:14\n\"Window Of Hope\" - 4:21\n\"Oh Me, Oh My (I'm A Fool For You Baby)\" - 4:40\n\"I Believe You\" - 4:14\nDisc 2\n\"Blessed With You\" - 3:25\n\"No Secrets\" - 4:08\n\"You Won't Get Away\" - 5:56\n\"Never Knew Love\" - 3:21\n\"I Knew You When\" - 4:19\n\"We Will Meet Again\" - 4:46\n\"New Star\" - 4:17\n\"Once In A Lifetime\" - 5:21\n\"You Need To Be Loved\" - 4:39\n\"Between Hello And Goodbye\" - 6:11\n\"Come And Walk With Me\" - 6:07\n\"I Will Love You\" - 5:30\n\"When You Walked Into My Life\" - 4:16\n\"Learning To Love You More\" - 4:25\nDisc 3\n\"Woman In Chains\" (featuring Tears For Fears) - 6:30\n\"Bad Man's Song\" (featuring Tears For Fears) - 8:33\n\"I've Got To Sing My Song (Live)\" - 4:32\n\"Get Here (Live)\" - 4:54\n\"Slow Motion (Live)\" - 4:20\n\"Life Keeps Moving On (Live)\" - 4:35\n\"Rhythm Of Life (Reverend Jefferson's Original Dance Hall Mix)\" - 6:48\n\"Never Knew Love (Reverend Jefferson Mix)\" - 7:12\n\n2004 compilation albums\nOleta Adams compilation albums" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him." ]

[ "Jason Cory Jaramillo (born October 9, 1982) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) catcher who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 2009 to 2011.\n\nAmateur career\nJaramillo attended Oklahoma State University, and in 2003 he played collegiate summer baseball with the Orleans Cardinals of the Cape Cod Baseball League.\n\nProfessional career\n\nPhiladelphia Phillies\nJaramillo, who is of Mexican descent, was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in the second round of the 2004 MLB draft. Jaramillo played 2004 with Short-Season A Batavia, where in 31 games, he hit .223 with 1 HR and 14 RBI. Jaramillo played 2005 with Single-A Lakewood, where in 119 games, he hit .304 with 8 HR and 63 RBI, and he was an All-Star. He was also ranked one of the top ten prospects in the Phillies system for the 2005 baseball season. Jaramillo played 2006 with Double-A Reading, where in 93 games, he hit .258 with 6 HR and 39 RBI. He also played 2 games with Triple-A Scranton/Wilkes-Barre. After the season, he played in the Arizona Fall League with Peoria, where in 17 games, he hit .379 with 2 HR and 17 RBI. Jaramillo played 2007 with Triple-A Ottawa, where in 118 games, he hit .271 with 6 HR and 56 RBI. Jaramillo played 2008 with Triple-A Lehigh Valley, where in 115 games, he hit .266 with 8 HR and 39 RBI.\n\nPittsburgh Pirates\nOn December 10, 2008, he was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates for catcher Ronny Paulino. Jaramillo made the Pirates Opening Day roster as the backup catcher to Ryan Doumit. Jaramillo made his Major League debut on April 16, 2009; he acquired his first hit in the fourth inning, off Houston Astros pitcher, Russ Ortiz. On April 21, Doumit went on the disabled list with a broken wrist, and Jaramillo became the starter, with Robinzon Díaz as his backup. He had a good April, hitting .345 with 3 RBI. He had a less solid May, and Díaz earned more starts in the month. He hit his first major league home run, on June 2 against the Mets off of Johan Santana, tying the game at 1. When Doumit returned on July 10, Jaramillo was kept, and Díaz was optioned. He played only 5 games in July, 7 games in August, and 10 in September to finish the season. In 63 games, he hit .252 with 3 HR and 26 RBI.\n\nJaramillo began 2010 as the backup catcher to Doumit. Jaramillo went 4–17 in April, 4–22 in May and 3–26 in June. On July 12, Jaramillo was demoted to Triple-A Indianapolis, and was replaced as backup catcher by Erik Kratz. When Doumit went down with a concussion on July 22, Jaramillo was recalled to split time with Kratz. He played in 4 games with the Pirates before being optioned when Chris Snyder was acquired. Jaramillo was recalled on September 7 after Indianapolis's season had ended, and Kratz was designated for assignment, making Jaramillo the third catcher. In 33 games with the Pirates, he hit .149 with 1 HR and 6 RBI.\n\nJaramillo made the 2011 Opening Day roster, but that was only because Snyder was on the disabled list to begin the season. On April 14, Jaramillo was optioned to Indianapolis. On May 27, he suffered an arm injury, and after 7 rehab games with the GCL Pirates, he returned on July 20. On September 1, Jaramillo was recalled when the rosters expanded and was used mostly off the bench. In 23 games with Pittsburgh, he hit .326 (14-43) with 3 doubles and 6 RBI. On December 7, Jaramillo was designated for assignment, and he elected free agency 5 days later.\n\nChicago Cubs\nHe signed as a minor league free agent with the Chicago Cubs on January 18, 2012. He was released by Chicago in March.\n\nMilwaukee Brewers\nJaramillo signed a minor league contract with the Milwaukee Brewers on March 29, 2012. He was assigned to Double-A Huntsville and was their Opening Day catcher. On May 29, Jaramillo was promoted to Triple-A Nashville. In 34 games with the Stars, he hit .258 with 8 doubles and 12 RBI. On August 14, Jaramillo was released by the Brewers.\n\nOakland Athletics\nOn August 21, Jaramillo signed with the Oakland Athletics and was assigned to Triple-A Sacramento, where he played 11 games with. In 52 games with Nashville and Sacramento, he hit .198 with 2 HR and 17 RBI. After the season, he became a free agent.\n\nHouston Astros\nOn January 12, 2013, Jaramillo signed a minor league deal with the Houston Astros. Jaramillo began the year with Triple-A Oklahoma City, where in 23 games, he hit .130 with 4 XBH and 7 RBI. On June 1, Jaramillo was released by the Astros.\n\nSeattle Mariners\nOn June 9, Jaramillo signed with the Seattle Mariners, and was assigned to Triple-A Tacoma. In 38 games with Tacoma, he hit .257 with 2 HR and 15 RBI.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1982 births\nLiving people\nAmerican baseball players of Mexican descent\nAmerican expatriate baseball players in Canada\nBaseball players from Wisconsin\nBatavia Muckdogs players\nFlorida Complex League Phillies players\nGulf Coast Pirates players\nHuntsville Stars players\nIndianapolis Indians players\nLakewood BlueClaws players\nLehigh Valley IronPigs players\nMajor League Baseball catchers\nNashville Sounds players\nOklahoma City RedHawks players\nOrleans Firebirds players\nOttawa Lynx players\nPittsburgh Pirates players\nReading Phillies players\nScranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons players\nSportspeople from Racine, Wisconsin\nSportspeople from the Milwaukee metropolitan area\nSacramento River Cats players\nTacoma Rainiers players\nOklahoma State Cowboys baseball players", "Thomas Samuel Field (born February 22, 1987) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Colorado Rockies, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and Texas Rangers.\n\nProfessional career\n\nColorado Rockies\nField was drafted by the Colorado Rockies in the 24th round of the 2008 Major League Baseball Draft out of Texas State University. Field was assigned to the Short-Season A Tri-City Dust Devils, where in 56 games, Field hit .247 with 5 HR, 32 RBI and 10 SB.\n\nField played all of 2009 with the Single-A Asheville Tourists, where in 89 games, Field hit .257 with 2 HR, 32 RBI and 8 SB. Field played all of 2010 with the Class A-Advanced Modesto Nuts, where in 124 games, he hit .284 with 15 HR, 72 RBI and 16 SB. After the season, Field played with the Scottsdale Scorpions of the Arizona Fall League, where he hit .209 in 18 games.\n\nField began the 2011 season with the Double-A Tulsa Drillers, where in 134 games he hit .271 with 17 HR, 61 RBI and 9 SB. On September 11, he was called up to the Rockies. He made his debut that day, and recorded his first hit in his third game (second start), a single off of Shaun Marcum. In 16 games with the Rockies that year, he hit .271 with 3 RBI.\n\nField began 2012 with the Triple-A Colorado Springs Sky Sox. On July 28, Field was recalled when Marco Scutaro was traded to the San Francisco Giants, but was optioned back to Colorado Springs the next day when Jonathan Herrera was activated from the disabled list. He went 0-2 with a walk in his 2 game stint. In 121 games with Colorado Springs, he hit .246 with 8 HR, 49 RBI and 4 SB.\n\nIn 2 seasons with the Rockies, Field hit .260/.315/.260 in 18 games with 3 RBI and 0 XBH.\n\nMinnesota Twins\nOn November 2, 2012 he was claimed off waivers by the Minnesota Twins.\n\nLos Angeles Angels\nOn November 28, Field was claimed off of waivers by the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim.\n\nField began 2013 with the Triple-A Salt Lake Bees. On April 20, Field was recalled when Mark Lowe was placed on the disabled list, but was optioned back to Salt Lake 3 days later when Nick Maronde was recalled. On July 20, Field was recalled to replace Brendan Harris, who was designated for assignment.\n\nPittsburgh Pirates\nField was designated for assignment on August 7, 2014. He was then claimed by the Pittsburgh Pirates on August 10, 2014. The Pirates designated Field for assignment on August 24, 2014.\n\nTexas Rangers\nHe was signed by the Texas Rangers on December 16, 2014, to a minor league contract. Field made his Rangers' debut on May 11, 2015 against the Kansas City Royals and hit his first career homerun in the same game. He hit another homer on May 16, 2015 against the Cleveland Indians. He was designated for assignment by the Rangers on May 30.\n\nDuring the 2015 season, Field, played for the Texas Rangers and the Rangers' Triple-A affiliate, Round Rock Express. In 14 games with the Rangers, Fields hit .195 with six runs, one double, two home runs and five RBIs. In 103 games with Round Rock, Field hit .247 with 51 runs, 23 doubles, three triples, 14 home runs and 44 RBIs.\n\nDetroit Tigers\nOn December 11, 2015, Field signed a minor-league contract with the Detroit Tigers, and was invited to spring training. He was released by the Tigers on May 6, 2016.\n\nSecond stint with Twins\nIn December 2016, Field signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017 and chose to retire on January 19, 2018 rather than seek employment with another organization.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1987 births\nLiving people\nAsheville Tourists players\nBaseball players from Austin, Texas\nColorado Rockies players\nColorado Springs Sky Sox players\nIndianapolis Indians players\nLos Angeles Angels players\nMajor League Baseball infielders\nModesto Nuts players\nRochester Red Wings players\nRound Rock Express players\nSalt Lake Bees players\nScottsdale Scorpions players\nTexas Rangers players\nTexas State Bobcats baseball players\nToledo Mud Hens players\nTri-City Dust Devils players\nTulsa Drillers players" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"" ]

[ "Manvel Mamoyan () is an Armenian fitness and bodybuilding trainer, fitness blogger, and three times Guinness World Records holder. He is also a multiple record holder of Armenian Book of Records (Dyutsaznagirk).\n\nBiography\n\nManvel was born on April 6, 1993 in Yerevan. Currently works as fitness and bodybuilding trainer. He has been practising sports since 10, when he started attending Judo classes.\n\nIn 2011-2013 he served in the Armenian Armed Forces.\n\nRecords \n\nUntil 18, Manvel also tried himself in Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling. Manvel set his 11th record in Armenia when he was only 17. His first record was set in Dyutsaznagirk by doing sit up - abdominal exercise for 2 h. 46 min for 3511 reps. For the second time he appeared in Dyutsaznagirk for the most push-ups with one arm using back of the hand in one minute - 89 reps.\n\n2015-2016 \nAfter returning from the army, Manvel set a Guinness world record in October 23, 2015. He did 27 handstand push-ups in a minute. In order to complete one handstand push-up, Manvel’s elbows had to reach 90 degrees or less and then he had to fully straighten his arms. His legs also had to be straight or cross his ankles. He did the exercise in 48,3 seconds. Manvel didn’t have any injury before his performance, and the record was set. He dedicated his victory to the memory of the Genocide of Armenian and Yazidi people promised to update his record throughout the year.\n\n2016-2017 \nOn 25 August, 2016 Manvel dedicated his record in memory of the victims of the 2016 April Four-Day War unleashed in Nagorno-Karabakh. In response to the murder of Hayk Torosyan, Hrant Gharibyan and his compatriot Kyaram Sloyan by Azeris, Manvel Mamoyan set a new record: however, in August, 2016 he couldn’t exceed the record (84 push-ups) of the Canadian Roy Berger from his first performance in the Freedom Square, Yerevan, by reaching 83 reps. According to the Guinness World Records’ rules the athlete has a right to perform the exercise for 3 sets. Manvel managed to set the desired record from his second performance, after having a rest. By doing push-ups for 86 reps in a minute, the athlete exceeded the previous record and set a record in the Guinness World Records.\n\nIn one his interviews Manvel told about his desire to set 10 records in Guinness World Records in a year, particularly by through the Flag exercise, which was set as a record a few years ago by him and was performed for only 20 seconds. It was included in Dyutsaznagirk. He also mentioned he strives to set records more for Guinness World Records. In 2016 Manvel fell behind 5-6 seconds of setting a new world record and the record was 1 min. 5 sec. 71 millisec.\n\n2017-2018 \nIn 2017 Manvel set 4 records in handstand push-ups. He did the exercise 37 reps in a minute. With this result then he set a new record by doing 37 reps non-stop in a minute. \n\nFor his second record he did the same exercise 55 reps in 3 minutes. However, Manvel's last and most important result was doing push-ups for 352 reps in an hour. According to him, the achieved most result was 300 reps and he wished to surpass that record. \n\nIn 2017 Manvel also set a record for the Most jump squats in one minute (male), with 67 reps per minute.\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography \n \n \n\n1993 births\nLiving people\nGuinness World Records\nSportspeople from Yerevan\nMale bodybuilders", "3 (sometimes referred to as Emerson, Berry & Palmer) were a short-lived progressive rock band formed by former Emerson, Lake & Palmer members Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer and American multi-instrumentalist Robert Berry in 1988.\n\nAfter one album, To the Power of Three, 3 split up. Emerson & Palmer reunited with Greg Lake for 1992's Black Moon and Berry would form Alliance.\n\nThey performed live, as \"Emerson and Palmer\" (Berry was onstage but unnamed), at the Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary concert in 1988, broadcast on HBO, but only performed a long medley instrumental set including Fanfare for the Common Man, Leonard Bernstein's America, and Dave Brubeck's Blue Rondo, which later became an ELP encore in their 1990s concerts. They did not perform any original ELP material without Lake, nor did they perform any 3 songs since the band's label was Geffen Records.\n\n3 performed at live venues to support their album, sometime in 1988. The three studio musicians were sometimes augmented by Paul Keller on guitar, Debra Parks and Jennifer Steele on backing vocals. Their setlist mainly consisted of material from their album, including \"Runaway\" and an extended jam version of the cover song \"Eight Miles High\". The group did a different arrangement of \"Desde La Vida\". The band did long instrumental jams based on music ELP covered including \"Hoedown\" & \"Fanfare for the Common Man\", but did not do any original ELP compositions. A long, elaborate cover of The Four Tops' \"Standing in the Shadows of Love\" was also included in the set.\n\nTwo live albums were released many years later, both on Rock Beat Records: Live Boston 88 (2015) and Live - Rockin' The Ritz (2017).\n\nIn October 2015, Emerson and Berry signed a contract with Frontiers Records to record a follow-up album at last, to be called 3.2. Emerson's death in March of the following year put a halt to that project. However, in July 2018, Berry released (as 3.2) The Rules Have Changed, built from musical ideas contributed by Emerson, but produced and performed entirely by Berry. A second 3.2 album, Third Impression, was released in 2021.\n\nBand members\nKeith Emerson - keyboards (1988–1989)\nRobert Berry - lead vocals, guitars, bass (1988–1989)\nCarl Palmer - drums, percussion (1988–1989)\n\nLive members\nPaul Keller – guitars (1988–1989)\nDebra Parks - backing vocals (1988-1989)\nJennifer Steele – backing vocals (1988–1989)\n\nDiscography\n\nStudio albums\n\nSingle\n\nReferences\n\nSee also\nEmerson, Lake & Palmer\nEmerson, Lake & Powell\n\nEnglish progressive rock groups\nRock music supergroups\nMusical groups established in 1988\nMusical groups disestablished in 1989\nMusical trios" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions," ]

[ "In the law of property, a pretermitted heir is a person who would likely stand to inherit under a will, except that the testator (the person who wrote the will) did not include the person in the testator's will. Omission may occur because the testator did not know of the omitted person at the time the will was written.\n\nA will may contain a clause that explicitly disinherits any heirs unknown at the time that the will is executed, or any heirs not named in the will. While such a clause will not necessarily prevent a claim against an estate by a pretermitted heir, it may make it more difficult to succeed in such an action.\n\nPretermitted child\nOne common category of pretermitted heir is the pretermitted child, born after the writing of the will. Claims may also potentially be brought by children born outside of the decedent's marital relationship.\n\nA person who claims to be a pretermitted child of a deceased parent may bring an action in probate court to contest the parent's will. Many jurisdictions have enacted statutes that permit a pretermitted child to demand an inheritance under the will. Some statutes allow a pretermitted child to claim their intestate share, while others limit the inheritance to an amount that is comparable to devises made in the will for the children who were alive when the will was written.\n\nSome jurisdictions provide the same rights for a child who was pretermitted because, although born before the will was executed, he was not known of at the time the will was made. This may be because the child was incorrectly believed to be dead, or was adopted by the testator after the will was drafted.\n\nSome jurisdictions prohibit a pretermitted child from claiming an inheritance if the will devised substantially all of the testator's estate to the surviving spouse, and the surviving spouse is the other parent of the pretermitted child. A child may also be denied the right to take under the will as a pretermitted heir if the child received an advancement against their inheritance - an inter vivos gift from the testator of an amount equivalent to what child might have otherwise received under the will.\n\nWhen a court finds that a child was pretermitted and is entitled to inheritance, in order to provide the child with an inheritance the court may proportionally reduce the gift under the will to the decedent's other children, or may reduce gifts under the will to non-family members.\n\nPretermitted spouse\nLaws in most nations provide protection for a pretermitted spouse, a spouse whom the testator does not marry until after the execution of the will. Many jurisdictions provide that a pretermitted spouse will receive either her intestate share (what she would have received had the testator died with no will), or an elective share of the deceased spouse's estate (a set amount or formula provided by law for spouses who are fully or partially disinherited in the will).\n\nLike a pretermitted child, a pretermitted spouse may be explicitly disinherited in the will, or may be excluded from taking under the will if they received an advancement on their inheritance in anticipation of the marriage. A pretermitted spouse may also disclaim any interest in the testator's estate through an antenuptial or prenuptial agreement.\n\nReferences\n\nWills and trusts", "Divorce in Norway can be obtained on several grounds.\n\nDivorce grounds\nThere are several grounds of divorce described in The Marriage Act.\n\nOne year legal separation\nEither spouse may demand a legal separation, and after a year has passed, a divorce.\n\nSection 20 provides that \"A spouse who finds that he or she cannot continue cohabitation may demand a separation\", while Section 21 provides \"Each of the spouses may demand a divorce when they have been separated for at least one year.\"\n\nHowever, the continuation of marital cohabitation during this period leads to the legal separation losing its effect, although this does not happen if the cohabitation, or an attempt to cohabitation, are transitional or brief.\n\nTwo years de facto separation\nIf the spouses have lived separate and apart for two years, this creates a ground of divorce.\n\nSection 22 stipulates that \"Each of the spouses may demand a divorce if they have not cohabited for at least two years.\"\n\nViolence and forced marriage\nUnlike the other previous grounds, this is a 'fault' ground, which means that a person obtains the divorce based on the wrongdoing of the other. However, the behavior must be of a serious nature, Section 23 reads: \"A spouse may demand a divorce if the other spouse has intentionally attempted to kill him or her or their children or wilfully exposed them to severe maltreatment. The same applies if the spouse has behaved in a manner that is likely to arouse grave fear of such conduct\". There is also a time limit placed on obtaining a divorce on this ground, a request must be made \"within six months after the spouse learned of the act, and not later than two years after it took place\"\n\nIn addition to the above, a spouse may also obtain a divorce if he/she has been forced into the marriage, whether by the other spouse or by somebody else.\n\nIncestuous marriage and bigamous marriage \nSection 24 provides that a person may obtain a divorce if the marriage was done contrary to Section 3. Prohibition against marriage between close relatives or Section 4. Prohibition against marriage when a previous marriage subsists.\n\nStatistics\nStatistics from the year of 2000 found that divorce on the ground of legal separation accounted for the vast majority of divorces at 93.8%, divorce of the ground of de facto separation accounted for 4.3% of divorces, abuse accounted only for 0.3%, while for 1.6% the cause was unknown.\n\nReferences\n\nNorway" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Metrodorus of Chios (; fl. 4th century BC) was a Greek philosopher, belonging to the school of Democritus. He is an important forerunner of Pyrrhonism and Epicureanism.\n\n \nMetrodorus was a pupil of Nessos of Chios, or, as some accounts prefer, of Democritus himself. He is said to have taught Diogenes of Smyrna, who, in turn, taught Anaxarchus. Pyrrho was Anaxarchus' student.\n\nLike Pyrrho, Metrodorus was a sceptic. According to Cicero he said, “None of us knows anything, not even this, whether we know or we do not know; nor do we know what ‘to not know’ or ‘to know’ are, nor on the whole, whether anything is or is not.” Metrodorus maintained that everything is to each person only what it appears to him to be. He is especially interesting as a forerunner of Anaxarchus and as a connecting link between atomism and Pyrrhonism.\n\nMetrodorus accepted the Democritean theory of atoms and void and the plurality of worlds. He also held a theory of his own that the stars are formed from day to day by the moisture in the air under the heat of the Sun. \n\nMetrodorus also said, \"A single ear of wheat in a large field is as strange as a single world in infinite space.\"\n\nReferences\n\n \n\n4th-century BC Greek people\n4th-century BC philosophers\nAncient Greek atomist philosophers\nAncient Chians\nClassical Greek philosophers\nAncient Skeptic philosophers", "Quite Interesting Limited is a British research company, most notable for providing the research for the British television panel game QI (itself an abbreviation of Quite Interesting) and the Swedish version Intresseklubben, as well as other QI–related programmes and products. The company founder and chairman is John Lloyd, the creator and producer of QI, and host of the radio panel game The Museum of Curiosity, which also uses Quite Interesting Limited for its research. John Mitchinson is the company's director and also works as head of research for QI.\n\nAbout\nLloyd founded Quite Interesting Limited in 1999. It is claimed that the idea of founding the company came on Christmas Eve 1993. According to his profile on QI.com, \"he came to the sudden and alarming realisation that he didn't really know anything. Changing gear again, he started reading books for the first time since he was 17. To his horror, he discovered that he hadn't been paying attention and, with painful slowness, unearthed the closely guarded secret that the universe is astoundingly quite interesting.\"\n\nThe philosophy of the company is that it claims that there are four primal drives: food, sex, shelter and curiosity. Out of these, curiosity is supposedly the most important because, \"unlike the other three drives, it is what makes us uniquely human.\" The company claims that, \"Whatever is interesting we are interested in. Whatever is not interesting, we are even more interested in. Everything is interesting if looked at in the right way.\"\n\nThose who carry out research are known as the \"QI Elves\". Notable elves include Justin Pollard and Vitali Vitaliev. They are also responsible for helping to write the questions used on QI. People wishing to become elves are recommended to start by commenting on the forums of the QI website.\n\nProducts\n\nDVDs\n\nBooks\n\nReferences\n\nQI\nCompanies based in Oxford\nBritish companies established in 1999\nPrivately held companies of the United Kingdom" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know.", "Is there anything else interesting I should know?", "Jefferson was reputedly unhappy with his royalties (although Williams said that Jefferson had a bank account containing as much as $1500)." ]

[ "Life Is Full of Possibilities is the third studio album by American electronic music producer Dntel. It was released on October 30, 2001 by Plug Research.\n\n\"(This Is) The Dream of Evan and Chan\", a collaboration with Ben Gibbard of Death Cab for Cutie, was released as a single on August 6, 2002. Dntel would collaborate with Gibbard again for an entire album, Give Up, released in 2003 under the name The Postal Service. The song \"Life Is Full of Possibilities\" includes a repeating sample of Bloop, a sound of undetermined origin.\n\nA two-disc remastered deluxe edition of Life Is Full of Possibilities was released on October 24, 2011 by Sub Pop, which featured four additional songs not included on the initial release, along with remixed versions of other songs from the album.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nCredits are adapted from the album's liner notes.\n\nMusicians\n Dntel – music\n Meredith Figurine – vocals on \"Suddenly Is Sooner Than You Think\"\n Ben Gibbard – vocals on \"(This Is) The Dream of Evan and Chan\"\n Chris Gunst – vocals on \"Umbrella\"\n Rachel Haden – vocals on \"Why I'm So Unhappy\"\n Paul Larson – guitar on \"Last Songs\"\n Brian McMahan – guitar on \"Why I'm So Unhappy\"\n Mia Doi Todd – vocals on \"Anywhere Anyone\"\n\nAdditional personnel\n Low Culture – design\n Brian Tamborello – photography\n D. Zelonky – mastering\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n2001 albums\nDntel albums\nPlug Research albums", "Johann Knüpfer (1866–1910) was a schizophrenic outsider artist and one of the \"schizophrenic masters\" profiled by Hans Prinzhorn in his field-defining work Artistry of the Mentally Ill.\n\nKnüpfer was a baker's apprentice for three years as a youth before moving to a large city where he worked in a cement factory and learned the trade of locksmithing. His friends persuaded him to marry, but the union was unhappy from the start. He was an alcoholic and an abusive husband, and mistrusted not only his wife but everyone he knew. He attempted suicide in 1902 and was committed soon afterwards.\n\nIt became evident that he had been having paranoiac delusions for years, and visions in which Christ explained why he was being persecuted. He told psychiatrists that \"no one had suffered as much, not even Christ\" (Prinzhorn 1972, p. 172).\n\nHis works can be divided into two categories, the formal religious images covered with oracular inscriptions and the paintings of memories from his youth. Both categories display a preoccupation with symmetry and a fascination with circles.\n\nResources\n\n Prinzhorn, Hans. Artistry of the mentally ill: a contribution to the psychology and psychopathology of configuration. Trans. Eric von Brockdorff. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, 1972. .\n\n1866 births\n1910 deaths\nOutsider artists\nPeople with schizophrenia\n19th-century German painters\n19th-century male artists\n20th-century German painters\n20th-century male artists\nGerman male painters" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know.", "Is there anything else interesting I should know?", "Jefferson was reputedly unhappy with his royalties (although Williams said that Jefferson had a bank account containing as much as $1500).", "Why was he unhappy?", "In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him, and Okeh quickly recorded and released" ]

[ "Philip Collins Ltd v Davis [2000] 3 All ER 808 is an English unjust enrichment case, an example of a restitution claim and the change of position defence.\n\nFacts\nPhil Collins released Serious Hits… Live! with 15 tracks in 1990. Rahmlee Davis and Louis Satterfield contributed performances on five tracks and received album royalties via Collins' publishing company Philip Collins Ltd. In 1997, Collins said they had been mistakenly overpaid by a factor of three. They had been paid as if they had performed on all fifteen tracks, but they had only performed on five. To reverse this alleged unjust enrichment, Collins proposed to set off the overpaid royalties on future royalties. Davis and Satterfield argued back they were entitled to royalties without the pro rata reduction, and raised both estoppel and change of position defences.\n\nJudgment\nJonathan Parker J held Collins had overpaid Davis and Satterfield and he was entitled to set future royalties off against half of the sums overpaid. He said the overpayment was a mistake of fact, because Collins thought they had played in all 15 tracks. Collins was not estopped from maintaining there was overpayment of royalties because there was never any assumption between the parties that Davis and Satterfield would get royalties for all 15 tracks and there was no acquiescence in the assumption. Overpayment was not acquiescence. There was no evidence Davis and Satterfield ever thought they were entitled. The overpayments did not amount to representations that they were (so no estoppel by representation). But the fact of overpayment did result in a general change of position on Davis and Satterfield's part. It increased their level of outgoings. However, the defence of change of position was not an “all or nothing” doctrine and, in this case, it would be fair to allow the defence to cover one half of the overpayments (Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd [1991] 2 AC 548 applied). Finally, if Collins had made a claim to recover the overpayments his claim would have been statute barred under the Limitation Act 1980, s.5 because it was six years. But here it was not a return of overpayments, only an equitable set off against future royalties.\n\nThe following is an excerpt about the change of position defence at work.\n\nSee also\nEnglish unjust enrichment\n\nNotes\n\nEnglish unjust enrichment case law\nHigh Court of Justice cases\n2000 in case law\n2000 in British law\nPhil Collins", "Murray v United Kingdom was a legal case heard by the European Court of Human Rights in 1994 to determine if part of the United Kingdom's anti-terrorism laws were in violation of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.\n\nThe case was referred to the Court on 7 April 1993 from an application lodged on 28 September 1988 relating to events occurring in 1982. The case was heard in the Human Rights Building, Strasbourg, on 24 January 1994 and the Chamber delivered their judgement on 28 October 1994.\n\nThe applicants were six Irish citizens, all members of the same family: Margaret Murray, Thomas Murray, Mark Murray, Allana Murray, Michaela Murray and Rosena Murray.\n\nIn June 1982 two brothers of Margaret Murray were convicted in the United States in connection with the supplying of weapons to the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA). Mrs Murray, her husband Thomas, and their four children were then residing in Belfast.\n\nOn the morning of 26 July, Margaret Murray was taken into custody by the Army on suspicion of fund-raising for the Provisional IRA in connection with her brothers' activities and taken to the Springfield Road screening centre. The style and procedure of her arrest was under section 14 of the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1978, her suspected offences were contained with section 21 of the act and also section 10 of the Prevention of Terrorism (Temporary Provisions) Act 1976.\n\nAt Springfield Road, Mrs Murray gave her name but refused to answer any other questions and she also declined to be photographed or to submit to an examination by a medical orderly. She sat through two short interviews and was also photographed without her knowledge or consent. She was released after two hours without being charged; the \"screening proforma\" record form did not list any offence.\n\nOn 9 February 1984 Mrs Murray brought an action before the High Court against the Ministry of Defence for false imprisonment and other torts, arguing that her arrest and detention were illegal on a number of grounds - notably that they had been without genuine suspicion that she had committed an offence or any genuine intention to question her, it had been a \"fishing expedition\" for improper purposes. In his judgment of 25 October 1985 the judge dismissed all the plaintiff's arguments. Mrs Murray took her case to the Court of Appeal, which unanimously rejected her claims on 20 February 1987. The case was appealed to the House of Lords – on the manner of the arrest, the use of the screening proforma, and the length of detention – and was unanimously rejected on 25 May 1988.\n\nThe Murrays applied to the ECHR, as previously noted, in 1988. Mrs Murray stating that her arrest and detention were a violation of Article 5 (paragraphs 1, 2 and 5) and that the photograph and record taking was in breach of Article 8. Her family also applied under the same parts of Article 5 because they had been required to assemble in a single room of their house while Mrs Murray prepared to leave with the Army. They also applied under Article 8 in regard to the recording and retention of personal details. The entire family also applied that under Article 8 regarding the entry and visual search of their home and under Article 13 that no effective remedies existed under domestic law.\n\nIn February 1993 the Commission supported the Murrays' application in part. There had been a violation of Article 5, but no violation of Article 8, or of Article 13 in regard to the entry and search, or the taking and keeping of a photograph and personal details, or concerning the lack of remedies in domestic law. The case went to a public hearing on 24 January 1994.\n\nAt the hearing the Court gave significant weight to the need for a democratic society to protect itself against the threat of organised terrorism and to the problems involved in the arrest and detention of persons suspected of terrorist-linked offences.\n\nThe Court dismissed Mrs Murray's claims against her arrest and detention under 5(1)(c); dismissed her contention that she had not been informed promptly of the reasons for the arrest and of any charge (5(2)). Since there had been no violation of 5(1) or 5(2) in the Court's opinion there could be no consideration of 5(5). The Court decided that there had been no violation of Article 8 as the Army's action had been in accordance with the law, as contained in paragraph two of the Article, and had not been disproportionate to the aim pursued. The Court dismissed the Murrays' claims of a violation of Article 13.\n\nThe Court's decisions were by majority – 14–4 in regard of Article 5(1), 13–5 in regard of Article 5(2), 13–5 in regard of Article 5(5), 15–3 in regard of Article 8, and unanimous in regard of Article 13.\n\nExternal links\n ECHR judgment\n\nArticle 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights\nArticle 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights\nEuropean Court of Human Rights cases involving the United Kingdom\n1994 in British law\n1994 in case law" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know.", "Is there anything else interesting I should know?", "Jefferson was reputedly unhappy with his royalties (although Williams said that Jefferson had a bank account containing as much as $1500).", "Why was he unhappy?", "In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him, and Okeh quickly recorded and released", "Was any action taken in regard to royalties?", "(this information has been disputed);" ]

[ "The Paramount at Buckhead is a 478 ft (146 m) tall residential skyscraper in Atlanta, Georgia, and the tallest building in The Alliance Center complex. It was constructed between 2002 and 2004, and has 40 floors above ground and 5 floors below ground. It is the 21st tallest building in Atlanta. The Paramount at Buckhead is the tallest residential structure ever built using tunnelform concrete construction.\n\nReferences \n\nResidential skyscrapers in Atlanta\nResidential condominiums in the United States", "Loyal Griggs, A.S.C. (August 15, 1906May 6, 1978), was an American cinematographer.\n\nGriggs joined the staff of Paramount Pictures in 1924 after graduating from school and initially worked at the studio's process department. He was promoted from assistant photographer to second unit photographer to camera process photographer, before becoming director of photography for three 1951 releases: Crosswinds, Passage West and The Last Outpost.\n\nGriggs won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for the 1953 Western Shane. \nHe was part of the production team that received an Academy Honorary Award at the 11th Academy Awards for their efforts on the Paramount film Spawn of the North.\n\nGriggs' other Paramount films as cinematographer included the 1954 musical White Christmas, the 1956 Cecil B. DeMille epic The Ten Commandments, and the Jerry Lewis comedies The Sad Sack (1957) and Visit to a Small Planet (1960). He was also the cinematographer on George Stevens' 1965 United Artists release The Greatest Story Ever Told as well as Otto Preminger's World War II drama of that same year, In Harm's Way. His final film was the 1971 American International Pictures comedy Bunny O'Hare starring Bette Davis and Ernest Borgnine.\n\nSelected filmography\nHot News (1928)\nWhite Christmas (1954)\nThe Ten Commandments (1956)\nThe Sad Sack (1957)\nVisit to a Small Planet (1960)\nThe Greatest Story Ever Told (1965)\nIn Harm's Way (1965)\nBunny O'Hare (1971)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nBest Cinematographer Academy Award winners\nAmerican cinematographers\nAcademy Honorary Award recipients\n1906 births\n1978 deaths" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know.", "Is there anything else interesting I should know?", "Jefferson was reputedly unhappy with his royalties (although Williams said that Jefferson had a bank account containing as much as $1500).", "Why was he unhappy?", "In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him, and Okeh quickly recorded and released", "Was any action taken in regard to royalties?", "(this information has been disputed);", "Did he ever leave Paramount?", "). In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him," ]

[ "Words Move is a 4-track EP by Get Smart!, released on Syntax Records on December 8, 1981. It was recorded at Ramona Studios in Lawrence, KS and produced by Dave Stuckey, of the Dave and Deke Combo. The track \"Eat, Sleep A Go-Go\" from this EP was included on the Sub Pop #5 cassette compilation.\n\nTrack listing\nSide 1:\n\"Disillusion\" - 2:03\n\"Where Did This Week Go?\" - 1:55\n\nSide 2:\n\"Eat, Sleep A Go-Go\" - 2:17\n\"This Is Style\" - 2:48\n\nReception\n \"Get Smart! is a trio of Kansans with brains and a beat. You may prefer bassist Lisa Wertman's vocals over guitarist Marc Koch's but eventually every stark melody on this EP will wheedle its way into your head (and then move onto your feet). This seven incher also features the same version of GS! smash hit \"Eat, Sleep A Go-Go\" that you heard on Sub Pop 5\" (New York Rocker, June 1982) \n\"We're particularly impressed with Words Move, the new four-song EP debut from Get Smart!. Highlights are \"Where Did This Week Go?\" a song about being dog-tired to a slowed down B-52's beat (or Pylon at its natural speed) and \"Eat, Sleep A Go-Go,\" which is minimal to Cramps proportions with its own unique set of dissonances.\" (Cary Baker, Illinois Entertainer, 1982) \n\"Four-song offering of sparse brains-and-beat music from a Lawrence, KS new-rock trio that already has reaped some praise with independent releases.\" (Bart Becker, Lincoln Evening Journal, 1982) \n\"Twangy, big-beat minimalism with a Dave Byrne-ish singer\" (Trouser Press, 1982) \n\"Get Smart sports a catchy, beaty minimalism and a modern \"lost in a supermarket\" viewpoint. A strong debut, more encouraging new music from the Midwest, I'm looking forward to hearing more. Sharp packaging too.\" (Jim Manion, The Bloomington Free Rider, 1982)\n\nPersonnel\nMarc Koch - vocals, guitar\nLisa Wertman Crowe - vocals, bass\nFrank Loose - drums\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nGet Smart! discography\n\n1981 debut EPs\nGet Smart! (band) albums", "Ryu Shikun (柳時熏, born December 8, 1971 in Seoul, South Korea) is a professional Go player.\n\nBiography \nRyu Shikun is a Go player who grew up in Seoul. He did not move to Japan until he was 15, and just 2 years later he turned professional. He was promoted to 9 dan in 2003.\n\nTitles & runners-up\n\nSee also\nGo players\n\nExternal links\nGoBase Profile\nNihon Ki-in Profile (Japanese)\n\n1971 births\nLiving people\nSouth Korean Go players" ]

[ "Blind Lemon Jefferson", "Success with Paramount Records", "When did he begin with Paramount records?", "Paramount became the leading recording company for the blues in the 1920s.", "What was their significance for Jefferson?", "Jefferson's earnings reputedly enabled him to buy a car and employ chauffeurs", "Did Jefferson sing for them?", "Jefferson's \"old-fashioned\" sound and confident musicianship made it easy to market him.", "Was he a hit with the public?", "varying his riffs and rhythm and singing complex and expressive lyrics in a manner exceptional at the time for a \"simple country blues singer.\"", "Did he set any records?", "\"Matchbox Blues\" had already become such a hit that Paramount re-recorded and released two new versions,", "Did he have a spouse or family during this time?", "I don't know.", "Is there anything else interesting I should know?", "Jefferson was reputedly unhappy with his royalties (although Williams said that Jefferson had a bank account containing as much as $1500).", "Why was he unhappy?", "In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him, and Okeh quickly recorded and released", "Was any action taken in regard to royalties?", "(this information has been disputed);", "Did he ever leave Paramount?", "). In 1927, when Williams moved to Okeh Records, he took Jefferson with him,", "How did that move go?", "\". It was his only Okeh recording, probably because of contractual obligations with Paramount." ]

[ "“What It Was, Was Football” is a monologue by actor-comedian Andy Griffith. The monologue is a description of a college football game, as seen by a naive country preacher who attends the game by accident and is entirely puzzled by it.\n\nProduction\nAccording to radio host Dr. Demento, What It Was, Was Football was originally an old vaudeville routine that Griffith, who claimed to have improvised the routine shortly before its first performance, \"may have heard ... and subconsciously drawn inspiration from\".\n\nAt Griffith's request, Milton Alderfer (who was only 19 at the time), recorded and produced the original master tape in Greensboro, North Carolina. The master was then sent to Chapel Hill, North Carolina and mass-produced by the Colonial Records label in late 1953. Soon, after Colonial had sold nearly 50,000 copies of the record, Capitol Records took over distribution and ultimately sold nearly 800,000 copies. It also shot into the Top 10 in the Billboard record charts, peaking at #9 in February 1954. \n\nWhat It Was, Was Football (which remains one of the biggest-selling comedy records of all time) was instrumental in launching Griffith's career in television, stage, and film. On the original single, the monologue is credited to \"Deacon Andy Griffith.\"\n\nGriffith made an appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show in 1954, in large part due to the popularity of the record.\n\nWhat It Was, Was Football was printed in Mad magazine in 1958, with illustrations by artist George Woodbridge. Most of the text of the recording is printed verbatim with faithful renderings of Griffith's accent as heard on the recording; however, Griffith's original climactic description of \"the awfullest fight that I have ever seen...in my life!\" is moved to an earlier position in the printed version. Also, while the original recording makes no direct reference to a specific university as a setting for the game witnessed, the illustrations in the Mad version refer to both the Ivy League and University of Notre Dame. Due to licensing issues, this adaptation had to be omitted from the Totally MAD CD-ROM collection of the magazine's run.\n\nIn 1987, Griffith made an appearance on The Tonight Show. During the interview, guest host Bill Cosby told Griffith that he had purchased Griffith's recording of What It Was, Was Football. Cosby then told Griffith that he had performed it at school and received an A, much to Griffith's surprise and delight.\n \nIn 1997, the monologue was made into a short film.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nYouTube: What it Was, Was Football\n\nMonologues\nColonial Records\nSpoken word\n1953 singles\nComedy albums by American artists\nSpoken word albums by American artists\nCapitol Records singles", "What You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall is a live album by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner released on United Artists Records in 1971.\n\nRecording and release \nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall is a live recording of Ike & Tina Turner's doubleheader at the Carnegie Hall in New York City on April 1, 1971. The second show carried on into the early hours of April 2. Musician Fats Domino was the opening act.\n\nIn addition to Ike Turner-penned songs, the album includes interpretations of songs from Otis Redding, Sly Stone and the Family Stone, the Rolling Stones and their latest hit at the time, \"Proud Mary\" by Creedence Clearwater Revival. The album was released three months after the concert in July 1971. It reached No. 7 on the Billboard Soul LPs chart and No. 25 on the Top LPs chart. It was certified Gold by the RIAA in 1972.\n\nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall was the subject of the TV special Faberge Album of the Month, a series which featured \"top contemporary recording artists and their hit LP's.\"\n\nCritical reception \n\nThe album was chosen as Pick of the Week for Record World magazine.\n\nRecord World (July 3, 1971): \"This boisterous two-record volume is what a Carnegie Hall audience got live not too long ago. When those who have paid their dues are discussed, Ike and Tina just about head the list. Tops.\"\n\nBillboard (July 3, 1971): This 2 record set of the Ike & Tina Turner revue's recent Carnegie Hall concert only hints at the charge of excitement generated by the Ikettes, Ike, and, especially Tina Turner before the capacity crowd. \"Proud Mary,\" \"Honky Tonk Women,\" \"Ooh Poo Pah Doo,\" and excitingly visual \"I've Been Loving You Too Long,\" suggests the frenzied entertainment they provided.\n\nReissues \nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall was reissued on CD by EMI Records in 1996. In 2012, it was digitally remastered and released on CD by BGO Records.\n\nTrack listing\n\nChart performance\n\nCertification and sales\n\nReferences \n\n1971 live albums\nIke & Tina Turner live albums\nAlbums produced by Ike Turner\nUnited Artists Records live albums\nLive funk rock albums" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland" ]

[ "Sylvester Joe (unknown – 1839), hunter and explorer, born Baie d'Espoir, Newfoundland. Joe, a native Mi'kmaq of Newfoundland, was the noted hunter from the south-west coast of the island of Newfoundland who was engaged by William Cormack to guide him on his trek across Newfoundland, the first European Canadian to do so.\n\nIn his writings William Cormack refers to him as Joseph Sylvester, it would appear that he had reversed the name inadvertently, as Joe is a common first name in this area of Newfoundland while Sylvester is unknown as a surname among Newfoundland Mi'kmaq.\n\nJoe can be credited for much of the success of Cormack's venture which began at Smith Sound, Trinity Bay and ended at St. George's Bay on the west coast of the Island. This cross island expedition was undertaken by just Joe and Cormack in search of the declining population of the native Beothuk and to also explore the interior of the Island.\n\nOn September 10, 1822, five days into their journey, Cormack immortalized Joe by naming Mount Sylvester in his honour. When Joe realized the immensity of the task at hand, he suggested to Cormack that they abandon their expedition and head south to his home town of Baie d'Espoir. Cormack convinced him to continue by drawing up a new contract on September 14. The contract reads as follows: \nI promise and agree with Joseph Silvester that if he accompanies me from St. John's to St. George's Bay by land ... besides what I may have already done for him, that after he takes me safe there, that I will on our return, give his mother one barrel of flour, one barrel of pork and anything else that may be found suitable, and further, that he is to go along with me to England or Scotland and stay there as long as I do, or if he likes he may return to St. John's with me next year, or if he likes I will give him passage ... to Portugal or Spain in order that it might do his health good. If Joe should ever go to Prince Edward Island I will give him a letter to my friends there to do what they can for him... \"B.D. Fardy (1985)\"\n\nDespite the many hardships and their personal conflicts the pair continued the cross island journey and reached their destination on November 4. Joe spent the winter in St. George's. From then on little is known of Sylvester Joe.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n Cormack, W. E. Report of Mr. W.E. Cormack's Journey in Search of the Red Indians in Newfoundland Read Before the Bœothick Institution of St. John's, Newfoundland. S.l: s.n, 1828. \n Cormack, W. E. Narrative of a Journey Across the Island of Newfoundland. St. John's, Nfld.?: s.n.], 1856.\n\nExternal links\nBiography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online\n\n1868 deaths\n19th-century First Nations people\nCanadian explorers\nMi'kmaq people\nNewfoundland Colony people\nPeople from Newfoundland (island)\nPersons of National Historic Significance (Canada)\nYear of birth missing", "Stanley Bayley Carter (1853 – May 8, 1888) was a lawyer and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Twillingate and Fogo in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882.\n\nThe son of Frederick Carter, he was born in St. John's, was educated there and was called to the Newfoundland bar in 1876. Carter did not run for reelection in 1882. He died of tuberculosis six years later.\n\nReferences \n\nMembers of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly\n1853 births\n1888 deaths\n19th-century deaths from tuberculosis\nTuberculosis deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador\nNewfoundland Colony people" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland", "What did he do in Newfoundland?", "His five seasons in Newfoundland produced the first large-scale and accurate maps of the island's coasts and were the first scientific," ]

[ "John Valentine Nugent (1796 – 12 June 1874) was an Irish-born educator, journalist and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Placentia and St. Mary's from 1836 to 1842 and St. John's from 1842 to 1848 in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. Nugent died in St. John's in 1874.\n\nEarly life\nHe was born in Waterford, Ireland. Nugent married Ellen Maria Creedon. In 1833, he came to St. John's where he opened a private school, following an invite by Bishop Michael Anthony Fleming, who was responsible for much emigration to Newfoundland from the south east of Ireland. His mother who was ill, and his wife's sister Sister Marianne travelled with them to Newfoundland.\n\nCareer\nHe was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in 1836 but the election results were declared invalid; he was elected again in 1837. Nugent served as solicitor for the Newfoundland Assembly. He became owner of the Newfoundland Patriot in 1837 after Robert John Parsons was sent to jail for contempt of court. In 1840, he became editor of the Newfoundland Vindicator and later of the Newfoundland Indicator. In 1844, he was named inspector of schools. Nugent helped found the St. John's Academy in 1845 and taught there from 1845 to 1856. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1848. He served as sheriff for the Central District from 1856 to 1871.\n\nReferences \n\nMembers of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly\n1796 births\n1874 deaths\n19th-century Irish people\nPoliticians from County Waterford\nIrish emigrants to pre-Confederation Newfoundland\nNewfoundland Colony people", "John Treworgie (born ca. 1618, date of death unknown) was the last Proprietary Governor of Newfoundland. Treworgie had worked as an agent at a Kittery, Maine trading post from 1635 to 1650. In 1651 he was named as one of a party of six sent to Newfoundland to arrest Sir David Kirke who had been accused of withholding taxes collected on behalf of the crown and otherwise violating the royal charter which granted him the governorship of Newfoundland. His party was also ordered to administer the fishery and collect taxes on fish and oil from foreign fishermen. He remained after the arrest of Kirke and was named governor by the English government and given authority over both migratory fisherman and colonists and ordered to fortify the colony. John Treworgie was the son of James Treworgie (or Treworgy), the son-in-law of Alexander Shapleigh, a Devonshire merchant and fisheries owner who founded Kittery, Maine. John Treworgie was the brother-in-law of Hon. John Gilman of Exeter, New Hampshire.\n\nIn 1654 Treworgie and two other commissioners were arrested for illegally taking possession of David Kirke's property and was found guilty. Oliver Cromwell ordered a second trial which cleared him and Treworgie continued as governor until 1660.\n\nIn 1660, he asked for another term as governor but the legal conflict between Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore and the Kirke family over ownership of Newfoundland complicated matters and it is unlikely Treworgie ever returned to the island.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nGovernment House The Governorship of Newfoundland and Labrador\n \n\n1618 births\nGovernors of Newfoundland Colony\nMembers of the New Hampshire House of Representatives\nYear of death missing\nPeople from Kittery, Maine" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland", "What did he do in Newfoundland?", "His five seasons in Newfoundland produced the first large-scale and accurate maps of the island's coasts and were the first scientific,", "Who sent him to Newfoundland?", "1760s, aboard HMS Grenville." ]

[ "Quite Interesting Limited is a British research company, most notable for providing the research for the British television panel game QI (itself an abbreviation of Quite Interesting) and the Swedish version Intresseklubben, as well as other QI–related programmes and products. The company founder and chairman is John Lloyd, the creator and producer of QI, and host of the radio panel game The Museum of Curiosity, which also uses Quite Interesting Limited for its research. John Mitchinson is the company's director and also works as head of research for QI.\n\nAbout\nLloyd founded Quite Interesting Limited in 1999. It is claimed that the idea of founding the company came on Christmas Eve 1993. According to his profile on QI.com, \"he came to the sudden and alarming realisation that he didn't really know anything. Changing gear again, he started reading books for the first time since he was 17. To his horror, he discovered that he hadn't been paying attention and, with painful slowness, unearthed the closely guarded secret that the universe is astoundingly quite interesting.\"\n\nThe philosophy of the company is that it claims that there are four primal drives: food, sex, shelter and curiosity. Out of these, curiosity is supposedly the most important because, \"unlike the other three drives, it is what makes us uniquely human.\" The company claims that, \"Whatever is interesting we are interested in. Whatever is not interesting, we are even more interested in. Everything is interesting if looked at in the right way.\"\n\nThose who carry out research are known as the \"QI Elves\". Notable elves include Justin Pollard and Vitali Vitaliev. They are also responsible for helping to write the questions used on QI. People wishing to become elves are recommended to start by commenting on the forums of the QI website.\n\nProducts\n\nDVDs\n\nBooks\n\nReferences\n\nQI\nCompanies based in Oxford\nBritish companies established in 1999\nPrivately held companies of the United Kingdom", "\"Anything\" is a song by rapper Jay-Z that is found on the Vinyl 12\" \"Anything (The Berlin Remixes)\" 1999 with a Remix of DJ Tomekk from Def Jam Germany and later on Beanie Sigel's 2000 album The Truth. It is produced by Sam Sneed and P. Skam, who sample Lionel Bart's \"I'll Do Anything\" for the track's beat and chorus. The sample from Oliver! heavily popularized \"Anything\", as did the Annie sample on \"Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem)\", \"Anything\" was also a bonus track on Jay-Z's album Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter (UK/Europe edition) as is \"Anything (Mr. Drunk Mix)\" on the Japanese version of the album.\n\nJay-Z admitted to Angie Martinez in a 2009 interview on the BET program Food for Thought that he hoped the song would be a success like \"Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem)\" due to their similarities but was surprised when it wasn't, even saying \"I dropped the record and then nothing\". The song did, however, achieve moderate success in the UK reaching #18 on the singles chart. A music video for the song was also released, which was directed by Chris Robinson.\n\n\"Anything (The Berlin Remixes)\"\n\nFormats and track listings\n\nVinyl 12\"\n\nA-side\n \"Anything (GBZ Remix)\"\t\t\n \"Anything (GBZ Remix Instrumental)\"\n\nB-side\n \"Anything (DJ Tomekk Remix)\"\t\n \"Anything (Original Version)\"\t\n \"Anything (Original Version Instrumental)\"\n\nFormats and track listings\n\nCD\n \"Anything (Radio Edit)\"\n \"So Ghetto\"\n \"There's Been a Murder\"\n \"Anything (Video)\"\n\nVinyl\n\nA-side\n \"Anything (Radio Edit) (3:47)\"\n \"Anything (LP Version) (4:47)\"\n \"Anything (Instrumental) (4:48)\"\n\nB-side\n \"Big Pimpin' (Radio Edit) (3:56)\"\n \"Big Pimpin' (LP Version) (4:44)\"\n \"Big Pimpin' (Instrumental) (4:59)\"\n\nCharts\n\nSee also\nList of songs recorded by Jay-Z\n\nReferences\n\n2000 singles\nJay-Z songs\nMusic videos directed by Chris Robinson (director)\nSongs written by Jay-Z\nSongs written by Lionel Bart\nRoc-A-Fella Records singles\n2000 songs" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland", "What did he do in Newfoundland?", "His five seasons in Newfoundland produced the first large-scale and accurate maps of the island's coasts and were the first scientific,", "Who sent him to Newfoundland?", "1760s, aboard HMS Grenville.", "Did he find anything interesting there?", "the Admiralty and Royal Society at a crucial moment both in his career and in the direction of British overseas discovery." ]

[ "A Cassette Tape Culture (Phase One) is the second recording by American industrial band ATelecine, released in 2010 through Pendu Sound Recordings in a limited edition of 500 copies.\n\nTrack listing\nSide Y\n \"Find Nothing Else\"\n \"Chroeg Xen\"\n \"It's All Write\"\n \"She Is Beautiful\"\n \"Kitchen Light\"\n \"A Cassette Played\"\nSide Z\n \"Auon\" (live ver)\n \"Some What Daft\"\n \"Elijah's New Sun\"\n \"I Came I Sat I Departed\"\n \"RH\"\n \"Never Was a Dreamer\"\n\nReferences\n\n2010 albums\nATelecine albums", "Land of the Living (2003) is a psychological thriller novel by Nicci French, the pseudonym for a husband-and-wife team of English suspense writers, Nicci Gerrard and Sean French.\n\nSynopsis\nOne day, Abbie Deveraux wakes up in the dark to find she has been kidnapped and tied to a chair. She can't remember how she got there, all she knows is her loved ones may be looking for her and she wants to escape this prison. She manages to escape. Going back to her friends and boyfriend she realises that her last few days with them had been strange. Ending her relationship with her boyfriend and quitting her job, she couldn't remember any of this, not even the fact that she had been seeing someone else. As well as this her friends don't believe her kidnapping and being tied up. In a fear that he knows everything about her, where she lives, where she goes, she wants to trace back her steps of what she had done the days before she had disappeared. In an attempt for him not to find her, she changes her image and style. But the mysterious incident continues to haunt her, she can't think of anything else other than getting the man who had tormented her and to find the other girls that he mentioned he had killed.\n\nReferences\n\n2003 British novels\nThriller novels\nNovels by Nicci French\nPsychological thriller novels\nMichael Joseph books" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland", "What did he do in Newfoundland?", "His five seasons in Newfoundland produced the first large-scale and accurate maps of the island's coasts and were the first scientific,", "Who sent him to Newfoundland?", "1760s, aboard HMS Grenville.", "Did he find anything interesting there?", "the Admiralty and Royal Society at a crucial moment both in his career and in the direction of British overseas discovery.", "What else did he find?", "attention of the Admiralty and Royal Society at a crucial moment both in his career and in the direction of British overseas discovery. Cook's map would" ]

[ "In mathematics, there are two natural interpretations of the place-permutation action of symmetric groups, in which the group elements act on positions or places. Each may be regarded as either a left or a right action, depending on the order in which one chooses to compose permutations. There are just two interpretations of the meaning of \"acting by a permutation \" but these lead to four variations, depending whether maps are written on the left or right of their arguments. The presence of so many variations often leads to confusion. When regarding the group algebra of a symmetric group as a diagram algebra it is natural to write maps on the right so as to compute compositions of diagrams from left to right.\n\nMaps written on the left \n\nFirst we assume that maps are written on the left of their arguments, so that compositions take place from right to left. Let be the symmetric group on letters, with compositions computed from right to left.\n\nImagine a situation in which elements of act on the “places” (i.e., positions) of something. The places could be vertices of a regular polygon of sides, the tensor positions of a simple tensor, or even the inputs of a polynomial of variables. So we have places, numbered in order from 1 to , occupied by objects that we can number . In short, we can regard our items as a word of length in which the position of each element is significant. Now what does it mean to act by “place-permutation” on ? There are two possible answers:\n\n an element can move the item in the th place to the th place, or\n it can do the opposite, moving an item from the th place to the th place.\n\nEach of these interpretations of the meaning of an “action” by (on the places) is equally natural, and both are widely used by mathematicians. Thus, when encountering an instance of a \"place-permutation\" action one must take care to determine from the context which interpretation is intended, if the author does not give specific formulas.\n\nConsider the first interpretation. The following descriptions are all equivalent ways to describe the rule for the first interpretation of the action:\n\n For each , move the item in the th place to the th place.\n For each , move the item in the th place to the th place.\n For each , replace the item in the th position by the one that was in the th place.\n\nThis action may be written as the rule .\n\nNow if we act on this by another permutation then we need to first relabel the items by writing . Then takes this to This proves that the action is a left action: .\n\nNow we consider the second interpretation of the action of , which is the opposite of the first. The following descriptions of the second interpretation are all equivalent:\n\n For each , move the item in the th place to the th place.\n For each , move the item in the th place to the th place.\n For each , replace the item in the th position by the one that was in the th place.\n\nThis action may be written as the rule .\n\nIn order to act on this by another permutation , again we first relabel the items by writing . Then the action of takes this to This proves that our second interpretation of the action is a right action: \n.\n\nExample \n\nIf is the 3-cycle and is the transposition , then since we write maps on the left of their arguments we have Using the first interpretation we have , the result of which agrees with the action of on . So .\n\nOn the other hand, if we use the second interpretation, we have , the result of which agrees with the action of on . So .\n\nMaps written on the right \n\nSometimes people like to write maps on the right of their arguments. This is a convenient convention to adopt when working with symmetric groups as diagram algebras, for instance, since then one may read compositions from left to right instead of from right to left. The question is: how does this affect the two interpretations of the place-permutation action of a symmetric group?\n\nThe answer is simple. By writing maps on the right instead of on the left we are reversing the order of composition, so in effect we replace by its opposite group . This is the same group, but the order of compositions is reversed.\n\nReversing the order of compositions evidently changes left actions into right ones, and vice versa, changes right actions into left ones. This means that our first interpretation becomes a right action while the second becomes a left one.\n\nIn symbols, this means that the action is now a right action, while the action is now a left action.\n\nExample \n\nWe let be the 3-cycle and the transposition , as before. Since we now write maps on the right of their arguments we have Using the first interpretation we have , the result of which agrees with the action of on . So .\n\nOn the other hand, if we use the second interpretation, we have , the result of which agrees with the action of on . So .\n\nSummary \n\nIn conclusion, we summarize the four possibilities considered in this article. Here are the four variations:\n\nAlthough there are four variations, there are still only two different ways of acting; the four variations arise from the choice of writing maps on the left or right, a choice which is purely a matter of convention.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\n Tom Halverson and Arun Ram, \"Partition algebras\", European J. Combin. 26 (2005), no. 6, 869–921. \n Thomas Hungerford, Algebra. Springer Lecture Notes 73, Springer-Verlag 1974.\n Gordon D. James, The Representation Theory of the Symmetric Groups. Lecture Notes in Math. 682 (1978), Springer.\n Hermann Weyl, The Classical Groups: Their Invariants and Representations. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1939.\n\nPermutations", "The Ferraris map or map of the Austrian Netherlands is a historical map created between 1770 and 1778 by the count Joseph de Ferraris in response to a request by Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine. It is the first systematic, large scale mapping in Belgium and Western Europe.\n\nThere are three original versions of the map. The Royal Library of Belgium, the Austrian National Library and National Library of the Netherlands each have one.\n\nHistory\nThe topographic survey was performed on a territory corresponding to today's Belgium and Luxembourg as well as some territories now belonging to Germany and the Netherlands.\n\nThe map was published at the original scale of 1/11.520 and includes 275 sheets.\n\nImportance\n\nNapoleon Bonaparte consulted the maps and subsequently used his topographical knowledge in his military campaigns. \n\nThe Ferraris maps reflect the detailed state of the Southern Netherlands just before the start of the Industrial Revolution and the end of the Ancien Régime, when the landscape was still similar to that of the Middle Ages. Looking at the maps today, it is obvious how much the areas have changed over time as people began to have a bigger impact on the environment. Environmental organisations like to use the maps to point out the original state of an area. \n\nThe maps can also help identify archaeological finds. This works both ways: archaeologists regularly use the maps to search for remains of buildings. Engineers can consult the maps to check for soil stability, since the maps feature mining pits that no longer exist but can still pose a danger.\n\nExternal links \n\n \n \n\nMaps of the Netherlands" ]

[ "James Cook", "Newfoundland", "What did he do in Newfoundland?", "His five seasons in Newfoundland produced the first large-scale and accurate maps of the island's coasts and were the first scientific,", "Who sent him to Newfoundland?", "1760s, aboard HMS Grenville.", "Did he find anything interesting there?", "the Admiralty and Royal Society at a crucial moment both in his career and in the direction of British overseas discovery.", "What else did he find?", "attention of the Admiralty and Royal Society at a crucial moment both in his career and in the direction of British overseas discovery. Cook's map would", "Do we still use his maps?", "discovery. Cook's map would be used into the 20th century--copies of it being referenced by those sailing Newfoundland's waters for 200 years." ]

[ "23 Things, originally called Learning 2.0, is an education and learning project created by Helene Blowers in August 2006. Blowers, who was then employed as the technology director for the Charlotte Mecklenburg Library, created the project as a way to encourage librarians to learn and adapt to Web 2.0 and other new technologies. The program was loosely based on an article by Stephen Abram, \"43 Things I (or You) might want to do this year\".\n\nHistory\nThe original format of 23 Things required participants to take part in an eight-and-a-half-week course where they kept up with coursework via a series of weekly blog posts that described Web 2.0. During this time participants were given 23 assignments (23 things) and were encouraged to work with other learners. As the project was non-mandatory, participants took part in the coursework by posting their own blog entries for each week's coursework. The project was so successful that Blower held a 23 Things summit in 2009.\n\nSince its inception 23 Things has had over 500 iterations and the concept has broadened over time to include learning programs for other professionals and students, and has also expanded to include more than 23 topics. 23 Things has also expanded beyond the United States and is currently used in multiple countries including Australia and New Zealand. Currently, \"23 Things\" is the name for this Web immersion experience for participants primarily supported by the participants themselves, where they are actively involved in a network of peers and colleagues, using digital communication tools, and using a blog to post reflections as they learn.\n\nResearch\nIn 2012 San Jose State University assistant professor Michael Stephens performed a research study of 23 Things programs in Australia. He found that even if people did not successfully complete the program, that the program still had the potential to positively impact library staff as the participants would still be likely to use what they did learn and/or to return to the program at a later date. Stephens also noted that a strong majority of those who completed said they felt confident exploring and using new technologies: confidence and curiosity were identified as particularly notable outcomes.\n\nSee also\n43 Things\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links \n The original 23 Things \n Helene Blowers blog \n The Nature of 23 Things\n List of 500+ programs replicated from the original 23 Things (Helene Blowers' Delicious bookmarks)\n\nLibrary science education\nEducational projects", "Bed is the third solo album by American singer-songwriter Juliana Hatfield, released in 1998 by Zoë Records.\n\nRecording\nBed was written in a few weeks, and recorded and mixed from March 9 to March 15, 1998 at Sound Station Seven in Providence, Rhode Island. Hatfield chose to record the album with a stripped-down sound and did not favor any digital processing effects. According to her, \"I had just been listening to things that were very raw and dry, the kind of things where you can really hear all the instruments very close to your ear when you have headphones on. I guess I was feeling raw, and I didn't want to pretty it up or put anything on top of it.\"\n\nReception\n\nWriting for CMJ New Music Monthly, reviewer Brett Milano praised the album, stating that its songs have more depth than Hatfield's earlier MTV hits. Although he admitted that some tracks sounded a bit rushed, he felt that the album has enough gems to keep it interesting.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\nMusicians\nJuliana Hatfield – guitar, keyboards, vocals\nTodd Philips – percussion, drums\nMikey Welsh – bass\n\nTechnical\nProducer: Juliana Hatfield\nEngineer: Jon Williams\nPackage design: Tom Bonauro, Jim Goldberg\nDesign assistant: Richard Turtletaub\nPhotography: Jim Goldberg\n\nReferences\n\n1998 albums\nJuliana Hatfield albums\nZoë Records albums" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros." ]

[ "Qwest Records is the American record label started by Quincy Jones in 1980 as a joint venture with Warner Bros. Records, and owned by Warner Music Group, although Jones was still under contract with A&M Records through 1981. George Benson's 1980 Give Me the Night LP was the first release on Qwest, although it was shared with Warner Bros. Records, where Benson was under contract. One of the first artists to sign with Qwest was Jones's goddaughter, Patti Austin. Qwest released Every Home Should Have One in 1981.\n\nAlthough it focused on the R&B market, its signings included Frank Sinatra (whom Jones produced in the 1960s), Tevin Campbell, Radiance, and British alternative dance group New Order (as well as the backlog of their earlier post-punk incarnation, Joy Division). \n\nQuincy Jones - NME - May 1990\n\nThe label also ventured into hip hop music during the 1990s. Qwest also discovered R&B artist Tamia, who enjoyed a long career. The gospel group the Winans signed with the label in 1985. Táta Vega was also signed and released Now I See through Qwest. Robert Stewart, who performed on the Pulitzer Prize-winning Wynton Marsalis recording Blood on the Fields, was signed to the label in 1994. His two albums for Qwest, In the Gutta and The Force, received critical acclaim. \n\nQwest was shut down in 2000, with Warner Bros. Records acquiring the remainder. The roster was either absorbed by Warner Bros., dropped, or left in limbo. In 2006, select titles by Jones were licensed to Universal Music for distribution and re-pressed, but everything else remained at Warner Bros., including deleted titles.\n\nReferences\n\nSee also\n List of record labels\n\nRecord labels established in 1980\nAmerican record labels\nVanity record labels\nHip hop record labels\nContemporary R&B record labels\nSoul music record labels\nWarner Records\nQuincy Jones\nJazz record labels", "The Burning Hills is a 1956 Warner Bros. CinemaScope Western starring Tab Hunter and Natalie Wood, based on a 1956 novel by Louis L'Amour.\n\nPlot\nWhen Trace Jordan's brother is murdered and several of their horses stolen, Trace sees by the tracks that three men are involved. One man wears Mexican spurs, one walks with a limp, and one smokes cheroots. Upon arriving in the town of Esperanza, Trace sees a destroyed sheriff's office and discovers the only law in Esperanza is Joe Sutton. He also discovers that the stolen horses have been rebranded with the Sutton brand, and their riders who match the description of their tracks work for Sutton. Trace enters Joe Sutton's (Ray Teal) ranch and wounds him in a shooting.\n\nThe enraged Sutton sends his son Jack (Skip Homeier), his foreman Ben (Claude Akins) and ten ranch hands to track down Trace before he goes to an Army fort to bring law to Esperanza. Wounded in his escape, Trace is helped by courageous half Mexican woman named Maria Colton (Natalie Wood). Unable to locate the hidden Trace, Joe Sutton enlists a half Indian tracker Jacob Lantz (Eduard Franz).\n\nProduction\nLouis L'Amour said he wrote the novel for Gary Cooper and Katy Jurado. Jurado tried to buy film rights to the novel.\n\nL'Amour's short story \"The Gift of Cochise\" had been successfully filmed with John Wayne in 1953 as Hondo and there was interest in The Burning Hills. Warner Bros purchased the screen rights in May 1955 and assigned it to Richard Whorf to produce. Irving Wallace wrote the script and John Wayne was announced as a possible star. In December 1955 Tab Hunter was assigned to the lead.\n\nThe book ended up selling over a million copies.\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\n\n1956 films\nAmerican films\nEnglish-language films\nWarner Bros. films\n1956 Western (genre) films\nFilms directed by Stuart Heisler\nFilms based on American novels\nFilms based on Western (genre) novels\nAmerican Western (genre) films\nFilms based on works by Louis L'Amour\nFilms scored by David Buttolph" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955)," ]

[ "A Ne'er-do-well is a good-for-nothing person.\n\nNe'er-do-well may also refer to:\n The Ne'er-do-Weel, an 1878 play by W. S. Gilbert, revived soon afterwards as The Vagabond\n The Ne'er-Do-Well, a 1911 novel by Rex Beach, adapted for film several times in the silent era\n The Ne'er-Do-Well (1916 film), a 1916 American silent adventure crime drama film\n\n The Ne'er-Do-Well, a 1923 silent film directed by Alfred E. Green\n\n Ne'er-Do-Well, a 1956 novel by Dornford Yates\n\n Ne'er Do Wells, a rock band", "A list of films produced by the Bollywood film industry based in Mumbai in 1937:\n\n1937\nSome of the notable films of 1937:\n\nVidyapati was a biopic directed by Nitin Bose for New Theatres. It starred Pahari Sanyal as the Maithili poet and Vaishnava saint Vidyapati. The bold songs of the film ensured crowds at the theatres making it a big success of 1937.\n\nDuniya Na Mane (Marathi:Kunku) was a social film from Prabhat Film Company directed by V. Shantaram. It dealt with the issue of arranged marriage. The film did well in the theatres and according to Baburao Patel of Filmindia it \"recorded better returns... than any other picture before\".\n\nPresident was produced by New Theatres and directed by Nitin Bose. A love triangle with a social content it highlighted the plight of mill workers. The music was popular with a classic from Saigal, Ik Bangla Bane Nyaara.\n\nKisan Kanya made by Ardeshir Irani of Alam Ara (1931) fame was the first colour film to be processed in India. The film however did not do well at the box office due to \"a weak story\".\n\nJeevan Prabhat was a successful social film from Bombay Talkies directed by Franz Osten. It starred Kishore Sahu in his debut film with Devika Rani and Mumtaz Ali.\n\nA-B\n\nC-D\n\nF-I\n\nJ-K\n\nL-M\n\nN-P\n\nQ-S\n\nT-Z\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Bollywood films of 1937 at the IMDb\n\n1937\nBollywood\nFilms, Bollywood" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small." ]

[ "La vendetta di Lady Morgan () is a 1965 Italian horror film directed by Massimo Pupillo and written by Gianni Grimaldi.\n\nCast\nGordon Mitchell as Roger\nErika Blanc as Lillian\nBarbara Nelli as Lady Susan Morgan\nPaul Muller as Sir Harold Morgan \nMichel Forain as Pierre Brissac\nCarlo Kechler as Sir Neville Blackhouse\n\nRelease\nLa vendetta di Lady Morgan was distributed in Italy by I.N.D.I.E.F. when it was released on December 16, 1965. It grossed a total of 61 million Italian lire. Unlike Pupillo's other horror films, La vendetta di Lady Morgan only received a theatrical release domestically in West Germany in 1967.\n\nThe film was the last horror film Pupillo directed due to his lack of interest in making any more films in the genre; he turned down propositions to make other horror films. Pupillo spoke on the topic, explaining that \"I started in the horror genre because I wanted to get out of documentaries, I wanted to enter the commercial market. In Italy, when you do a certain type of film, you become labelled and you can't do anything else. I remember one day, a producer called me to do a film only because the other producers told him he had to get either Mario Bava or me. When I understood this, I felt dead.\"\n\nReception\nFrom retrospective reviews, Roberto Curti, author of Italian Gothic Horror Films, 1957-1969 stated that the film was \"by no means the best, but perhaps most peculiar\" of the three horror films Pupillo directed. Louis Paul noted in his book Italian Horror Film Directors, that the film was made in a \"more careful and studied manner that any of Pupillo's other films as a director\" and that the film was \"a successful attempt at emulating the better Gothic horror films of earlier years, but by 1966, audiences were tuned into and expecting more from the colorful and violence-soaked horror films other filmmakers were churning out.\"\n\nSee also\nList of horror films of 1965\nList of Italian films of 1965\n\nReferences\n\nFootnotes\n\nSources\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1965 films\n1965 horror films\nFilms scored by Piero Umiliani\nItalian films\nItalian horror films\n1960s Italian-language films\nGothic horror films", "For this list of abandoned and unfinished films, an unfinished film is defined as one in which production began but did not finish. An abandoned film is defined as one in which production was cancelled during pre-production before any footage was shot, though a script exists and film crew including performers, directors and other positions have been hired.\n\nFilms may not be completed for several reasons, with some being shelved during different stages of the production. Some films have been shut down days into production. Other unfinished films have been shot in their entirety but have not completed post-production where the film is edited and sound and score added. This is different from unreleased films which are finished but have not yet been released and shown in theatres or released on DVD. In some instances these films cannot be shown due to legal reasons. Withdrawn films are similar except they did have brief showings but cannot be shown again, also usually for legal reasons.\n\nAccording to the Film Yearbook, \"history has shown that the unfinished film is with few exceptions designed to remain that way.\" Exceptions do exist: these include Gulliver's Travels and The Jigsaw Man, both of which shut down when they ran out of funds but after a year or more found new financing and were able to finish shooting.\n\nUnfinished films\n\nAbandoned film projects: a partial list of more notable projects\n\nSee also\n List of lost films\n List of incomplete or partially lost films\n List of rediscovered films\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small.", "did he do any other films?", "Track of the Cat (1955)." ]

[ "Bigger Thomas is a fictional character in the novel Native Son (1940) by American author Richard Wright.\n\nIn the original 1951 film, Bigger is played by Wright himself, while he is portrayed by Victor Love and Ashton Sanders in the 1986 film and 2019 film, respectively.\n\nDarryl Lorenzo Washington wrote in The Crisis that the character's name suggests both Uncle Tom and the racial slur \"nigger\".\n\nOriginal novel\nVincent Canby of The New York Times stated that Wright was aware \"that he was taking a terrible chance with\" the character.\n\nThe Bigger in the original novel comes from a low socioeconomic background. Troy Patterson of The New Yorker argued that the character in the novel is a \"thoughtless lunk\" and \"social problem\".\n\nIn the novel, Bigger murders his girlfriend Bessie. Jerrold Freeman, director of the 1986 film, stated that \"The scene is pivotal in the novel because it underscores the disintegration of Bigger Thomas, a victim of racism and segregation in Chicago of the 1930's who in turn becomes a victimizer.\"\n\nEarlier drafts of the novel show that Mary sexually arouses Bigger, but these lines were removed from the final version. Louis Menand wrote in The New Yorker that in the final version, as a result of the cuts, \"Bigger's sexuality has always been a puzzle. He hates Mary, and is afraid of her, but she is attractive and is negligent about sexual decorum, and the combination ought to provoke some sort of sexual reaction; yet in the familiar edition it does not.\"\n\nUniversity of California at Los Angeles associate English professor Richard Yarborough stated that \"Wright didn't want him to be sympathetic, so he made him very brutal. Wright didn't want tears. He felt that pity would be an evasion.\" Yarborough added, \"You can forgive Bigger for the accidental killing but not for the killing of Bessie.\" Soraya Nadia McDonald, in an article for The Undefeated, stated, \"Needless to say, this is not a character who inspires sympathy.\"\n\nWright later wrote an essay called \"How 'Bigger' Was Born\", which was included as an introduction in reprints of the novel.\n\nFilm versions\nVictor Love, who portrayed Bigger in the 1986 film, stated that his appearance and voice not being \"street\" meant that he did not feel he was initially seriously considered for the role. He was auditioning for Othello, which he did not get, when he was called to perform as Bigger. Love felt that Wright did not really mean for Bigger Thomas to be played unsympathetically and that instead he was afraid to ask people to care for Bigger. According to Love the filmmakers initially refused him the role, but later offered it to him. The 1986 Native Son film omits the murder of Bessie, and Yarborough described this version of Bigger as \"much more a sympathetic victim\". Canby wrote that this Bigger was acted \"in such a passive way that Bigger Thomas never appears capable of taking charge of his own destiny, which is at the heart of Wright's terrifying fable.\"\n\nThe 2019 film version of Bigger lives in a middle class household. He has, as described by Patterson, \"goth black\" nail polish and \"toxic green\" dyed hair. He also enjoys reading Ralph Ellison books and is able to teach himself material. Anna Shechtman of The New Yorker wrote that the 2019 Bigger has a \"confident style\" stemming from Ellison and that this Bigger \"has an assuredness that Wright, Love, and even the character that Wright originally wrote seemed to lack.\" In regards to the 2019 film, Patterson stated that this Bigger is \"a bit adrift\", \"serious and cerebral\", and \"a late adolescent at loose ends\". In the film, Bessie describes Bigger as \"a fixer upper\", reflecting that he has issues to work on. In this version, Bigger begins trying to choke Bessie but ultimately does not do it. Filmmaker Rashid Johnson explained that he removed Bessie's death from the film because having her survive would \"give Bigger an opportunity to be both complicated and (empathetic) simultaneously, and that was just a step off of a cliff that didn't allow us to tell the story in a (contemporary) way that we thought would facilitate conversation.\"\n\nReception\nShechtman wrote that the character \"was a disgrace\" to middle class African-Americans, adding that liberal white Americans saw Bigger more positively as \"a black antihero, claiming their interest and testing their sympathy\". Canby concurred that middle class African-Americans saw the character negatively, adding that white people who held prejudice against blacks had their beliefs that black men were sexual threats confirmed by the character. Shechtman stated that, overall, the character \"had quickly become lodged in the country's popular imagination.\"\n\nEllison wrote that \"Bigger Thomas had none of the finer qualities of Richard Wright, none of the imagination, none of the sense of poetry, none of the gaiety. And I preferred Richard Wright to Bigger Thomas.\"\n\nThe initial release of the 1950 film was heavily edited. An African-American newspaper review described the edited film as \"leaving the audience with no choice but to condemn\" Bigger, due to omission of key characteristics.\n\nAnalysis\nDavid Bradley wrote in The New York Times that, while he strongly disliked the novel upon first reading, \"It wasn't that Bigger failed as a character, exactly\", as Bradley knew of the author's intentions to make Bigger unlikable; rather, Bradley felt the author did not succeed in making Bigger symbolize ordinary black men. However, upon reading an edition of the book with an introduction, Bradley stated that \"Suddenly I realized that many readers of Native Son had seen Bigger Thomas as a symbol\". Upon researching other writings from the author, Bradley interpreted Bigger as Wright's autobiographical view of himself and subsequently began to see Native Son as a tragedy, despite this not being Wright's initial intention.\n\nOwen Glieberman of Variety wrote that the character, \"a badass before his time\", \"embodied a drive, a violence, that made him the link between Stagger Lee and Sweetback\", and that this was the \"power\" of the original work.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\n \n\nFictional African-American people\nFictional criminals\nMale characters in literature", "Native Son is a 1986 American drama film directed by Jerrold Freeman, and starring Carroll Baker, Victor Love, Matt Dillon, and Oprah Winfrey. The film is based on the 1940 novel Native Son, written by Richard Wright.\n\nPlot\nSet in Chicago in the 1930s, Bigger Thomas, an African American who lives in an impoverished neighborhood, is employed by a prosperous white family who live in the suburbs of a major city. The money Bigger makes at his new job will be used to supplement his mother's income. As a chauffeur, he is directed by the father of the family to take Mary, the daughter, to the university. Instead, Mary decides to pick up her Socialist boyfriend, Jan, and to spend the time drinking and partying.\n\nJan and Mary portray a young liberal couple who venture into a black neighborhood with Bigger for the sole purpose of being entertained at Ernie's, a black nightclub. On the way home, Mary becomes inebriated and Bigger must get her to her bedroom without being detected. Mary's mother, who is blind, enters the room and Bigger panics at the thought of being caught with a white woman. He accidentally kills Mary by placing a pillow over her head to keep her quiet. Still frightened, Bigger disposes of the body in the furnace, possibly because he feels he would not get a fair trial for the accidental death of a white woman. Meanwhile, Jan is wanted by the police for Mary's murder and Bigger plays a role in the accusations against him.\n\nCast\n Victor Love as Bigger Thomas\n Elizabeth McGovern as Mary Dalton\n Matt Dillon as Jan Erlone\n Geraldine Page as Peggy\n Oprah Winfrey as Mrs. Thomas\n Akosua Busia as Bessie\n Carroll Baker as Mrs. Dalton\n John McMartin as Mr. Dalton\n Art Evans as Doc\n John Karlen as Max\n Willard E. Pugh as Gus\n Ving Rhames as Jack\n\nVincent Canby of The New York Times wrote that this Bigger was acted \"in such a passive way that Bigger Thomas never appears capable of taking charge of his own destiny, which is at the heart of Wright's terrifying fable.\"\n\nAnna Shechtman of The New Yorker wrote that \"The character of Bessie barely registers in the movie at all.\" Aljean Harmetz of The New York Times concurs, stating that \"the character [...] has been almost completely trimmed out.\"\n\nCanby stated that he preferred the \"skin-deep\" characters in the minor roles with this Mary being \"excellent\", and with the performances of Bessie, Mary's parents, and the maid, and the prosecutor as \"Equally effective, and equally one-dimensional\". However he felt this Jan \"looks too young and too picturesque to fit easily into Wright's world.\"\n\nDevelopment\nRichard Wesley wrote script.\n\nVictor Love stated that his appearance and voice not being \"street\" meant that he did not feel he was initially seriously considered for the role. He was auditioning for Othello, which he did not get, when he was called to perform as Bigger. Love felt that Wright did not really mean for Bigger Thomas to be played unsympathetically and that instead he was afraid to ask people to care for Bigger. According to Love the filmmakers initially refused him the role, but later offered it to him.\n\nThe film producers removed the murder of Bessie to make the protagonist more sympathetic to audiences. Freeman opposed this and argued that this interfered with how the character becomes increasingly damaged in the source work. Freeman stated \"The scene is pivotal in the novel because it underscores the disintegration of Bigger Thomas, a victim of racism and segregation in Chicago of the 1930's who in turn becomes a victimizer.\" Producer Diane Silver argued in favor of the change, stating \"The angst that worked in the book was impossible to put on the screen.\" American Playhouse producer Lindsay Law also supported the change arguing that an audience would disengage from the character if he kills Bessie and that \"The book had more layers than you could explore in a two-hour film.\"\n\nReception\nOn Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 56% based on reviews from 9 critics, with an average rating of 6/10.\n\nCanby wrote that the story from the original work had \"been so softened that it almost seems upbeat, which would have infuriated Wright.\"\n\nRita Kempley of the Washington Post criticized the \"melodrama and speechy, preachy dialogue\" and concluded that it \"is as worthy as it is self-righteous.\" Kempley praised the performances of Love and Winfrey.\n\nPatrick Reardon of the Chicago Tribune praised the film, arguing that its message was still valuable in the 1980s.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1986 drama films\n1986 films\nAmerican films\nFilms about racism\nFilms based on American novels\nFilms set in Chicago\nFilms set in the 1930s\nAfrican-American drama films\nAmerican Playhouse\nFilms directed by Jerrold Freedman" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small.", "did he do any other films?", "Track of the Cat (1955).", "did he have a bigger role in this film?", "His breakthrough role came when he was cast as the young Marine Danny in 1955's World War II drama Battle Cry." ]

[ "Shahara () is a Bangladeshi film actress. She made her debut through the film Rukhe Daraw in 2004 with Shakib Khan. Her career lasted from 2003 to 2013, the year her last movie was released. She did not sign any movie contract after that and is thought to have retired after getting married in 2015.\n\nCareer\n\nShahara started her career in 2004 with the film Rukhe Darao. Shahara was a superb addition to Bangladeshi film industry during the days action films in the middle part of last decade. Her start in the film industry was not a smooth ride. \"Rukhe Darao\", her first movie, did not do well in the box office as she was deemed to be too conservative for films. She was under pressure to change this tag and appeared in a bolder role in her next movie \"Varate Khuni\". She then signed several new action films, the most coveted genre of that era. One of them named \"Bishakto Chokh\", a big budget movie starring super star Rubel and Reaz. She landed several roles as a glamour girl.\n\nIn 2008, she starred in blockbuster \"Priya Amar Priya\".\n\nFilmography\n\nSee also\n Symon Sadik\n Mahiya Mahi\n Bappy Chowdhury\n\nReferences\n\nLiving people\nBangladeshi film actresses\nPeople from Dhaka\nYear of birth missing (living people)", "Naga Kiran, from Somarpet, Kodagu, is an Indian actor in Kannada films. He has also acted in Telugu and Tamil movies.\n\nNagakiran started with modelling under ace model trainer Prasad Bidapa. After moving on to acting, he started taking roles in Telugu movies. His first movie was Something Special, opposite Sherlyn Chopra and Sunaina.\n\nThe movie did not do well at the box office. His next roles were in Kannada movies such as Marujanma, based on reincarnation, Vasanthakala, Pallavi Illada Charana, Anu opposite Pooja Ghandhi,\nMast Maja Madi, Male Barali Manju Irali, Ijjodu, Parie, and Lahari. He received critical acclaim for his role in Ijjodu, which was directed by Padma Shri and awarded MS Sathyu. Movies such as Mast Maja Madi and Male Barali Manju Irali did well at the box office. Tamil movies he has played in include Yarinda Devathai and Thallapulla, directed by Mustan.\n\nFilmography\n\nTelevision\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSulekha Movies - Hollywood, Tamil, Telugu, Hindi Movie News, Reviews & Trailers\nArchive News\nMale Barali Manju Irali is a must watch\n\nLiving people\nMale actors in Kannada cinema\nIndian male film actors\nPeople from Kodagu district\n1983 births" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small.", "did he do any other films?", "Track of the Cat (1955).", "did he have a bigger role in this film?", "His breakthrough role came when he was cast as the young Marine Danny in 1955's World War II drama Battle Cry.", "did that movie do well?", "became Warner Bros largest grossing film of that year," ]

[ "More Than Movies (styled as more>movies) was a satellite television channel in the United Kingdom and Ireland, available on Sky and as a free-to-air service on Freesat. It launched on 4 October 2010 as Men&Movies, and was the first Freesat exclusive TV channel until it joined the Sky EPG on 4 April 2011. Between November 2011 and January 2012, Men&Movies was also available on Freeview in Manchester.\n\nThe channel was aimed at the middle to old aged male viewer, with its programming orientated around war documentaries, classic TV series and the war film genre. More Than Movies joined its sister channel, Movies4Men which transmits other cinematic genres.\n\nOn 2 April 2012, Men&Movies +1 was launched.\n\nOn 10 January 2013, Men&Movies was rebranded as More Than Movies, with a shift towards airing films and programmes from Sony's back catalogue. On 17 January 2013, Movie Mix began to simulcast the full More Than Movies schedule on Freeview but retained its own Movie Mix branding. After the channel closed, Movie Mix began to broadcast its own programming again.\n\nProgrammes\n Baywatch\n Cops\n The Guardian\n Storm Warning\n Providence\n\nReferences\n\nMovie channels in the United Kingdom\nTelevision channels and stations established in 2010\nTelevision channels and stations disestablished in 2016\nSony Pictures Television", "Lamberto Maggiorani (28 August 1909 – 22 April 1983) was an Italian actor remembered for his portrayal of Antonio Ricci in the 1948 Vittorio De Sica film Bicycle Thieves.\n\nHe was a factory worker (he worked as a turner) and non-professional actor at the time he was cast in this film. He earned 600,000 lire ($1,000 US) for his performance, enabling him to buy new furniture and treat his family to a vacation; but when he returned to the factory he was laid off because business was slackening and management felt it would be fairer to terminate him instead of other impoverished co-workers since he was perceived to have \"made millions\" as a movie star. He found occasional work as a bricklayer, but continued to try to get roles in movies, with little success; even de Sica was reluctant to employ him as anything other than an extra. Pier Paolo Pasolini gave him a bit part in the film Mamma Roma (1962) due to his iconic status in Italian cinema. Cesare Zavattini, the screenwriter for Bicycle Thieves, aware of Maggiorani's predicament, wrote a screenplay about him titled \"Tu, Maggiorani\", in an attempt to demonstrate the limits of neorealist film's capacity to change the world.\n\nMaggiorani died in Rome in 1983 at the San Giovanni hospital without ever regaining his first success as a film actor.\n\nFilmography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n .\n\n1909 births\n1983 deaths\nItalian male film actors\n20th-century Italian male actors\nMale actors from Rome\nPeople of Lazian descent" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small.", "did he do any other films?", "Track of the Cat (1955).", "did he have a bigger role in this film?", "His breakthrough role came when he was cast as the young Marine Danny in 1955's World War II drama Battle Cry.", "did that movie do well?", "became Warner Bros largest grossing film of that year,", "was he in anything other than movies?", "The Burning Hills (1956), directed by Heisler, and The Girl He Left Behind (1956), a service comedy." ]

[ "Armenia TV (), is one of the leading TV channels in Armenia. In 2012, Armenia TV became the first TV channel in Armenia to launch Full HD broadcasting. By the first half of 2020, Armenia TV was the highest rated among news, fiction movies, TV series, comedy, and music shows.\n\nHistory \nArmenia TV was founded in 1997. Founders were Gerard Cafesjian and Bagrat Sargsyan. Broadcasting was launched on 13 January 1998 in 24-hour regime.\n\nIn 2012, followed by technical modernization, broadcasting was tested and was officially launched in 2013.\n\nIn 2016, Armenia TV released the first Armenian 4K TV show – \"Ancient Kings\".\n \nIn 2019, the owner of 100% shares is Artur Janibekyan – founder and general producer of Comedy Club Production and general manager of Gazprom Media Entertainment TV. In November 2019, Armenia TV announced technical modernization and plans to launch 4K format.\n\nBy 2020, Armenia TV's program list included TV shows, TV series, situation comedy shows, news shows, Armenian and international movies.\n\nStaff \nIncomplete list of Armenia TV team members, involved in various TV shows, programs and movies:\n\nInternational Projects \nArmenia TV is the rights owner of broadcasting Champions League, UEFA League of Nations, Euro 2020 and World Football Tournament Qualification games in Armenia. In June 2019, Armenia announced purchase of license for Euro 2020.\nInternational partners of Armenia TV include Walt Disney Company, Universal Studios, 20th Century Fox, Warner Brothers, Sony, Talpa, Endemol, TV Globo, etc. Armenia TV implemented the following international formats – \"The Voice of Armenia\", \"The Brainiest\", \"What? Where? When?\", \"Deal or no Deal\", \"Fort Boyard\", etc.\n\nArmenia Premium \nOn 14 September 2015, Armenia TV in cooperation with Ucom, launched 6 new cable channels, available to Ucom users. The channels did not include advertisements, TV shows were broadcast one day earlier, as well as some shows were released never included in original Armenia TV.\n\nProgramming\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nTelevision stations in Armenia\nTelevision channels and stations established in 1997", "Mike Walling (8 July 1950 – 2 July 2020) was an English comic actor and screenwriter.\n\nCareer\nWalling began his career as an English teacher at Holland Park School in London. In the mid-1970s, while still a teacher, he won a British TV talent contest, New Faces, with a comedy double act called \"Mr Carline & Mr Walling.\" He immediately left teaching and embarked on launching his new career in comedy. When the comedy duo ended their partnership, Walling moved into situation comedy, appearing in several series—\"Just Liz\", \"Bootle Saddles\" and then the highly successful \"Brush Strokes\". He began starting to get more work as a screenwriter when he teamed up with Tony Millan. The two of them wrote screenplays for a number of different shows, as well as their own series.\n\nIn the early 1980s Walling teamed up with session bass player Mo Foster for various comedy music projects, with Walling writing the lyrics and Foster writing the music and producing the resulting songs. \n\nOne of their songs, \"The Papadum Song\", a novelty song revolving around two men visiting an Indian restaurant (one of them for the first time) was repeatedly played on BBC Radio 1 and featured them live on several TV shows (including the BBC's Blue Peter) and was very popular at the time, but fate and industrial action decreed that it would not sell. A three-week strike at the distributors (Phonogram Records) meant that the records never actually got to the shops. The song was eventually re-released in 2006 as part of a collection of comedy/parody songs called Make Tea, Not War by the imaginary, but ill-fated and tragic, R.J. Wagsmith Band. Another song from the same album, \"Chalk Dust\", which was written for Roger Kitter who released it under the pseudonym \"The Brat\", did hit the top ten all over Europe. Walling has appeared in shows such as \"The Smoking Room\", \"Coronation Street\" and My Family.\n\nWalling died on 2 July 2020, the cause of death was not released.\n\nFilmography\nMike Walling appeared in the following TV shows and films:\n\n Just Liz, TV (1980)\n The Disappearance of Harry, TV (1982)\n Badger by Owl-Light, TV (1982)\n The Pirates of Penzance, TV (1983)\n Bootle Saddles, TV (1983)\n Scandalous, film (1984)\n Brush Strokes, TV (1986)\n Alfonso Bonzo, TV (1990)\n Billy Webb's Amazing Stories, TV (1991)\n Harry's Mad, TV (1993)\n Last of the Summer Wine, TV (2001)\n Ep. – The Missing Bus of Mrs Avery\n Chaos and Cadavers, film (2003)\n The Smoking Room, TV (2004)\n Ep. – \"Last Night a Graphic Designer Saved My Life\"\n Ep. – \"Quitters\"\n Ep. – \"1987\"\n Ep. – \"Happy Birthday\"\n Ep. – \"Feeding Time\"\n Coronation Street, TV (2006)\n My Family, TV (2007)\n Ep. – \"Abi Ever After\"\n Ep. – \"Once More with Feeling\"\n Ep. – \"Four Affairs and a Funeral\"\n Ep. – \"The Heart of Christmas\"\n Made in Romania, film (2008)\n Not Going Out, TV (2013)\n Ep. - \"Rabbit\"\n\nScriptwriter\nHe wrote or co-wrote scripts for the following comedy shows:\n\n Me and My Girl, TV, 1984\n Relative Strangers, TV, 1985\n A Small Problem, TV, 1987\n ChuckleVision, 1987\n Ep. - \"Breakfast Telly\"\n Valentine Park, TV, 1987\n Birds of a Feather, TV, 1989\n Ep. – \"In at the Deep End\"\n Ep. – \"First-Time Caller\"\n Ep. – \"Suspicious Minds\"\n Not with a Bang, TV, 1990\n Ep. – No.1.3\n Ep. – No.1.4\n Ep. – No.1.5\n Ep. – No.1.6\n Ep. – No.1.7\n The Brittas Empire, TV, 1991\n Ep. – \"The Disappearing Act\"\n Ep. – \"Reviewing the Situation\"\n Ep. – \"Surviving Christmas\"\n Ep. – \"A Walk on the Wildside\"\n Ep. – \"Body Language\"\n Trouble in Mind, TV, 1991\n , A Prince Among Men'', TV, 1997\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n BBC Comedy guide\n \n TV.com profile\n RJ Wagsmith Band\n RJ Wagsmith Band @ MySpace\n\n1950 births\n2020 deaths\nEnglish male television actors\nEnglish male voice actors\nEnglish television writers\nBritish television writers\nEnglish male film actors\nBritish male television writers\n20th-century English male actors\n21st-century English male actors\nMale actors from Salford" ]

[ "Tab Hunter", "Warner Bros.", "When did Tab sign on with warner bros?", "One of Hunter's first films for Warners was The Sea Chase (1955),", "did the film do well?", "It was a big hit, but Hunter's part was relatively small.", "did he do any other films?", "Track of the Cat (1955).", "did he have a bigger role in this film?", "His breakthrough role came when he was cast as the young Marine Danny in 1955's World War II drama Battle Cry.", "did that movie do well?", "became Warner Bros largest grossing film of that year,", "was he in anything other than movies?", "The Burning Hills (1956), directed by Heisler, and The Girl He Left Behind (1956), a service comedy.", "did he act in any TV shows?", "I don't know." ]

[ "This is a list of films with performances that have been nominated in all of the Academy Award acting categories.\n\nThe Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences annually bestows Academy Awards for acting performances in the following four categories: Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, and Best Supporting Actress.\n\nFilms \n\nAs of the 93rd Academy Awards (2020), there have been fifteen films containing at least one nominated performance in each of the four Academy Award acting categories. \n\nIn the following list, award winners are listed in bold with gold background; others listed are nominees who did not win. No film has ever won all four awards.\n\nSuperlatives \n\nNo film has won all four awards.\n\nTwo films won three awards: \n\n A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) \n Network (1976)\n\nFour films hold a total of five nominations, each with an additional nomination within one of the four categories:\n\n Mrs. Miniver (1942) – two nominations for Best Supporting Actress\n From Here to Eternity (1953) – two nominations for Best Actor\n Bonnie and Clyde (1968) – two nominations for Best Supporting Actor\n Network (1976) – two nominations for Best Actor\n\nThree of the nominated films failed to win any of the four awards: \n\n My Man Godfrey (1936) – also failed to win any other Academy Awards\n Sunset Boulevard (1950)\n American Hustle (2013) – also failed to win any other Academy Awards\n\nOnly two of the nominated films won Best Picture:\n\n Mrs. Miniver (1942)\n From Here to Eternity (1953)\n\nOnly one of the nominated films was not nominated for Best Picture:\n\n My Man Godfrey (1936)\n\nFive performers were nominated for their work in two different films that received nominations in all acting categories (winners in bold):\n\n William Holden (Sunset Boulevard, Network)\n Warren Beatty (Bonnie and Clyde, Reds)\n Faye Dunaway (Bonnie and Clyde, Network)\n Bradley Cooper (Silver Linings Playbook, American Hustle)\n Jennifer Lawrence (Silver Linings Playbook, American Hustle)\n\nOnly one director has directed two films that received nominations in all four categories:\n\n David O. Russell (Silver Linings Playbook, American Hustle)\n\nThe 40th Academy Awards (1967) was the only ceremony in which multiple films held at least one nomination in all four acting categories:\n\n Bonnie and Clyde\n Guess Who's Coming to Dinner\n\nAll of the films, except My Man Godfrey and For Whom the Bell Tolls, were also nominated for the \"Big Five\" categories (Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress and Best Screenplay (Original or Adapted)).\n\nSee also \n\n List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees\n List of films with two or more Academy Awards in an acting category\n\nActing nom", "Win, Again! is a Canadian television film, which was broadcast by CBC Television in 1999. Directed by Eric Till, the film stars Gordon Pinsent as Win Morrissey, a man from Nova Scotia who abandoned his family 16 years earlier to go on the run after being accused of a crime he did not commit, and is now returning home to reconcile with them after finally being exonerated.\n\nThe film also stars Gabrielle Rose as Win's wife Lois, who has moved on with a career in real estate and a new boyfriend; Michael Riley as their son John, a successful urban planner living in Toronto who resents his father's absence from his childhood; Leah Pinsent as John's girlfriend Julie; and Eric Peterson as Win's brother Cliff. Martha Gibson and Lawrence Dane also appear in supporting roles.\n\nThe film was Gordon Pinsent's first time ever acting in a project directly alongside his daughter Leah; although he had made a guest appearance in her sitcom Made in Canada the previous year, they did not have any scenes together at that time.\n\nGordon Pinsent was also the film's writer. It had originally been conceived and written as a six-episode drama series, but after several years of production delays caused by budget cutbacks at the CBC, the network asked Pinsent to condense it into a film.\n\nThe film was broadcast by CBC Television on January 17, 1999.\n\nAwards\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1999 films\n1999 television films\nCanadian films\nCanadian television films\nEnglish-language Canadian films\nEnglish-language films\nCBC Television original films\nFilms set in Nova Scotia\nFilms directed by Eric Till" ]

[ "Lee Ann Womack", "Country music stardom: 1997-1999" ]

[ "Don Juan Manuel's Tales of Count Lucanor, in Spanish Libro de los ejemplos del conde Lucanor y de Patronio (Book of the Examples of Count Lucanor and of Patronio), also commonly known as El Conde Lucanor, Libro de Patronio, or Libro de los ejemplos (original Old Castilian: Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), is one of the earliest works of prose in Castilian Spanish. It was first written in 1335.\n\nThe book is divided into four parts. The first and most well-known part is a series of 51 short stories (some no more than a page or two) drawn from various sources, such as Aesop and other classical writers, and Arabic folktales.\n\nTales of Count Lucanor was first printed in 1575 when it was published at Seville under the auspices of Argote de Molina. It was again printed at Madrid in 1642, after which it lay forgotten for nearly two centuries.\n\nPurpose and structure\n\nA didactic, moralistic purpose, which would color so much of the Spanish literature to follow (see Novela picaresca), is the mark of this book. Count Lucanor engages in conversation with his advisor Patronio, putting to him a problem (\"Some man has made me a proposition...\" or \"I fear that such and such person intends to...\") and asking for advice. Patronio responds always with the greatest humility, claiming not to wish to offer advice to so illustrious a person as the Count, but offering to tell him a story of which the Count's problem reminds him. (Thus, the stories are \"examples\" [ejemplos] of wise action.) At the end he advises the Count to do as the protagonist of his story did.\n\nEach chapter ends in more or less the same way, with slight variations on: \"And this pleased the Count greatly and he did just so, and found it well. And Don Johán (Juan) saw that this example was very good, and had it written in this book, and composed the following verses.\" A rhymed couplet closes, giving the moral of the story.\n\nOrigin of stories and influence on later literature\nMany of the stories written in the book are the first examples written in a modern European language of various stories, which many other writers would use in the proceeding centuries. Many of the stories he included were themselves derived from other stories, coming from western and Arab sources.\n\nShakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew has the basic elements of Tale 35, \"What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\".\n\nTale 32, \"What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth\" tells the story that Hans Christian Andersen made popular as The Emperor's New Clothes.\n\nStory 7, \"What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana\", a version of Aesop's The Milkmaid and Her Pail, was claimed by Max Müller to originate in the Hindu cycle Panchatantra.\n\nTale 2, \"What happened to a good Man and his Son, leading a beast to market,\" is the familiar fable The miller, his son and the donkey.\n\nIn 2016, Baroque Decay released a game under the name \"The Count Lucanor\". As well as some protagonists' names, certain events from the books inspired past events in the game.\n\nThe stories\n\nThe book opens with a prologue which introduces the characters of the Count and Patronio. The titles in the following list are those given in Keller and Keating's 1977 translation into English. James York's 1868 translation into English gives a significantly different ordering of the stories and omits the fifty-first.\n\n What Happened to a King and His Favorite \n What Happened to a Good Man and His Son \n How King Richard of England Leapt into the Sea against the Moors\n What a Genoese Said to His Soul When He Was about to Die \n What Happened to a Fox and a Crow Who Had a Piece of Cheese in His Beak\n How the Swallow Warned the Other Birds When She Saw Flax Being Sown \n What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana \n What Happened to a Man Whose Liver Had to Be Washed \n What Happened to Two Horses Which Were Thrown to the Lion \n What Happened to a Man Who on Account of Poverty and Lack of Other Food Was Eating Bitter Lentils \n What Happened to a Dean of Santiago de Compostela and Don Yllán, the Grand Master of Toledo\n What Happened to the Fox and the Rooster \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Hunting Partridges \n The Miracle of Saint Dominick When He Preached against the Usurer \n What Happened to Lorenzo Suárez at the Siege of Seville \n The Reply that count Fernán González Gave to His Relative Núño Laynes \n What Happened to a Very Hungry Man Who Was Half-heartedly Invited to Dinner \n What Happened to Pero Meléndez de Valdés When He Broke His Leg \n What Happened to the Crows and the Owls \n What Happened to a King for Whom a Man Promised to Perform Alchemy \n What Happened to a Young King and a Philosopher to Whom his Father Commended Him \n What Happened to the Lion and the Bull \n How the Ants Provide for Themselves \n What Happened to the King Who Wanted to Test His Three Sons \n What Happened to the Count of Provence and How He Was Freed from Prison by the Advice of Saladin\n What Happened to the Tree of Lies \n What Happened to an Emperor and to Don Alvarfáñez Minaya and Their Wives \n What Happened in Granada to Don Lorenzo Suárez Gallinato When He Beheaded the Renegade Chaplain \n What Happened to a Fox Who Lay down in the Street to Play Dead \n What Happened to King Abenabet of Seville and Ramayquía His Wife \n How a Cardinal Judged between the Canons of Paris and the Friars Minor \n What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth \n What Happened to Don Juan Manuel's Saker Falcon and an Eagle and a Heron \n What Happened to a Blind Man Who Was Leading Another \n What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\n What Happened to a Merchant When He Found His Son and His Wife Sleeping Together \n What Happened to Count Fernán González with His Men after He Had Won the Battle of Hacinas \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Loaded down with Precious Stones and Drowned in the River \n What Happened to a Man and a Swallow and a Sparrow \n Why the Seneschal of Carcassonne Lost His Soul \n What Happened to a King of Córdova Named Al-Haquem \n What Happened to a Woman of Sham Piety \n What Happened to Good and Evil and the Wise Man and the Madman \n What Happened to Don Pero Núñez the Loyal, to Don Ruy González de Zavallos, and to Don Gutier Roiz de Blaguiello with Don Rodrigo the Generous \n What Happened to a Man Who Became the Devil's Friend and Vassal \n What Happened to a Philosopher who by Accident Went down a Street Where Prostitutes Lived \n What Befell a Moor and His Sister Who Pretended That She Was Timid \n What Happened to a Man Who Tested His Friends \n What Happened to the Man Whom They Cast out Naked on an Island When They Took away from Him the Kingdom He Ruled \n What Happened to Saladin and a Lady, the Wife of a Knight Who Was His Vassal \n What Happened to a Christian King Who Was Very Powerful and Haughty\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nBibliography\n\n Sturm, Harlan\n\n Wacks, David\n\nExternal links\n\nThe Internet Archive provides free access to the 1868 translation by James York.\nJSTOR has the to the 1977 translation by Keller and Keating.\nSelections in English and Spanish (pedagogical edition) with introduction, notes, and bibliography in Open Iberia/América (open access teaching anthology)\n\n14th-century books\nSpanish literature\n1335 books", "\"What Happened to Us\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written by Sean, Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim and Israel Cruz. \"What Happened to Us\" was leaked online in October 2010, and was released on 10 March 2011, as the third single from Mauboy's second studio album, Get 'Em Girls (2010). The song received positive reviews from critics.\n\nA remix of \"What Happened to Us\" made by production team OFM, was released on 11 April 2011. A different version of the song which features Stan Walker, was released on 29 May 2011. \"What Happened to Us\" charted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 14 and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). An accompanying music video was directed by Mark Alston, and reminisces on a former relationship between Mauboy and Sean.\n\nProduction and release\n\n\"What Happened to Us\" was written by Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz and Jay Sean. It was produced by Skaller, Cruz, Rohaim and Bobby Bass. The song uses C, D, and B minor chords in the chorus. \"What Happened to Us\" was sent to contemporary hit radio in Australia on 14 February 2011. The cover art for the song was revealed on 22 February on Mauboy's official Facebook page. A CD release was available for purchase via her official website on 10 March, for one week only. It was released digitally the following day.\n\nReception\nMajhid Heath from ABC Online Indigenous called the song a \"Jordin Sparks-esque duet\", and wrote that it \"has a nice innocence to it that rings true to the experience of losing a first love.\" Chris Urankar from Nine to Five wrote that it as a \"mid-tempo duet ballad\" which signifies Mauboy's strength as a global player. On 21 March 2011, \"What Happened to Us\" debuted at number 30 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and peaked at number 14 the following week. The song was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for selling 70,000 copies. \"What Happened to Us\" spent a total of ten weeks in the ARIA top fifty.\n\nMusic video\n\nBackground\nThe music video for the song was shot in the Elizabeth Bay House in Sydney on 26 November 2010. The video was shot during Sean's visit to Australia for the Summerbeatz tour. During an interview with The Daily Telegraph while on the set of the video, Sean said \"the song is sick! ... Jessica's voice is amazing and we're shooting [the video] in this ridiculously beautiful mansion overlooking the harbour.\" The video was directed by Mark Alston, who had previously directed the video for Mauboy's single \"Let Me Be Me\" (2009). It premiered on YouTube on 10 February 2011.\n\nSynopsis and reception\nThe video begins showing Mauboy who appears to be sitting on a yellow antique couch in a mansion, wearing a purple dress. As the video progresses, scenes of memories are displayed of Mauboy and her love interest, played by Sean, spending time there previously. It then cuts to the scenes where Sean appears in the main entrance room of the mansion. The final scene shows Mauboy outdoors in a gold dress, surrounded by green grass and trees. She is later joined by Sean who appears in a black suit and a white shirt, and together they sing the chorus of the song to each other. David Lim of Feed Limmy wrote that the video is \"easily the best thing our R&B princess has committed to film – ever\" and praised the \"mansion and wondrous interior décor\". He also commended Mauboy for choosing Australian talent to direct the video instead of American directors, which she had used for her previous two music videos. Since its release, the video has received over two million views on Vevo.\n\nLive performances\nMauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" live for the first time during her YouTube Live Sessions program on 4 December 2010. She also appeared on Adam Hills in Gordon Street Tonight on 23 February 2011 for an interview and later performed the song. On 15 March 2011, Mauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Sunrise. She also performed the song with Stan Walker during the Australian leg of Chris Brown's F.A.M.E. Tour in April 2011. Mauboy and Walker later performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Dancing with the Stars Australia on 29 May 2011. From November 2013 to February 2014, \"What Happened to Us\" was part of the set list of the To the End of the Earth Tour, Mauboy's second headlining tour of Australia, with Nathaniel Willemse singing Sean's part.\n\nTrack listing\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Just Witness Remix) – 3:45\n\nCD single\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Album Version) – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:39\n\nDigital download – Remix\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:38\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Stan Walker – 3:20\n\nPersonnel\nSongwriting – Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz, Jay Sean\nProduction – Jeremy Skaller, Bobby Bass\nAdditional production – Israel Cruz, Khaled Rohaim\nLead vocals – Jessica Mauboy, Jay Sean\nMixing – Phil Tan\nAdditional mixing – Damien Lewis\nMastering – Tom Coyne \nSource:\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly chart\n\nYear-end chart\n\nCertification\n\nRadio dates and release history\n\nReferences\n\n2010 songs\n2011 singles\nJessica Mauboy songs\nJay Sean songs\nSongs written by Billy Steinberg\nSongs written by Jay Sean\nSongs written by Josh Alexander\nSongs written by Israel Cruz\nVocal duets\nSony Music Australia singles\nSongs written by Khaled Rohaim" ]

[ "Lee Ann Womack", "Country music stardom: 1997-1999", "What happened in 1997?", "Womack released her self-titled debut album in May 1997," ]

[ "\"What Is This Thing Called Love?\" is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the second single from the singer's fourth solo album, All True Man (1991). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the All True Man single \"All True Man\", \"What Is This Thing Called Love?\" was released as the album's second single.\n\nRelease\nAlexander O'Neal's 19th hit single and it reached #53 in the UK Singles Chart. In the United States, the single reached #21 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.\n\nTrack listing\n 12\" Maxi (45 73804) \n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Classic 12\" Mix)\" - 8:20\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Classic Radio Mix)\" - 3:37\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (LP Edit)\" - 3:58\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Red Zone Mix)\" - 5:41\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Instrumental Mix)\" - 5:58\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Reprise)\" - 2:13\n\n 7\" Single (656731 7) / Cassette Single (656731 4)\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love?\" - 4:08\n\"Crying Overtime\" - 4:55\n\n CD Single (656731 2)\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Album Version)\" - 6:04\n\"The Lovers (Extended Version)\" - 7:02\n\"If You Were Here Tonight\" - 6:08\n\n CD Single (656731 9) \n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Classic 12\" Mix)\" - 8:20\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Classic Radio Mix)\" - 3:37\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Red Zone Mix)\" - 5:41\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Reprise)\" - 2:13\n\n Cassette Single (35T 73810) \n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Classic Radio Mix)\" - 3:37\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love? (Dee Instrumental Mix)\" - 5:58\n\nPersonnel\nCredits are adapted from the album's liner notes.\n\n Alexander O'Neal - lead vocals \n Jimmy Jam - acoustic piano, keyboards, synthesizer, drum programming, rhythm & vocal arrangements\n Terry Lewis - rhythm & vocal arrangements, backing vocals\n Lee Blaskey - string arrangements\n Susie Allard - strings\n Mynra Rian - strings\n Joanna Shelton - strings\n Carolyn Daws - strings\n Mary Bahr - strings\n Lea Foli - strings\n Julia Persilz - strings\n Hyacinthe Tlucek - strings\n Maricia Peck - strings\n Jeanne Ekhold - strings\n Luara Sewell - strings\n Rudolph Lekhter - strings\n Lisa Keith - backing vocals\n\nCharts\n\nHistory\n\"What Is This Thing Called Love?\" had its bass-line sampled in the 2018 Kanye West and Lil Pump song, \"I Love It\".\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1991 singles\nAlexander O'Neal songs\nSongs written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis\n1991 songs\nSong recordings produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis\nTabu Records singles", "\"It Is What It Is\" is an idiomatic phrase, indicating the immutable nature of an object or circumstance and may refer to:\n It Is What It Is, a 2001 film by Billy Frolick\n It Is What It Is, a 2007 autobiography by David Coulthard\n It Is What It Is: Conversations About Iraq, a project by Jeremy Deller\n It Is What It Is, a radio show hosted by Sean Baligian\n\nMusic\n B.A.R.S. The Barry Adrian Reese Story or It Is What It Is, a 2007 album by Cassidy\n It Is What It Is (ABN album) (2008)\n It Is What It Is (Johnny Logan album) (2017)\n It Is What It Is (Thundercat album) (2020)\n It Is What It Is, a 1982 album by The Hitmen\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 1988 song by Derrick May from the compilation album Techno! The New Dance Sound of Detroit\n \"It Is What It Is (What It Is)\", a 1992 song by Adam Again from Dig\n\"It Is What It Is\", a 1995 song by The Highwaymen from the album The Road Goes On Forever\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 2010 song by Lifehouse from Smoke & Mirrors\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 2013 song by Blood Orange from Cupid Deluxe\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 2013 song by Kacey Musgraves from Same Trailer Different Park\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 2016 song by Lecrae from Church Clothes 3\n \"It Is What It Is\", a 2009 song by Vic Chesnutt from At the Cut\n\nSee also \n Fihi Ma Fihi, a Persian prose work by Rumi\n Tautophrase\n What It Is (disambiguation)" ]

[ "Lee Ann Womack", "Country music stardom: 1997-1999", "What happened in 1997?", "Womack released her self-titled debut album in May 1997,", "What is the album called?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Feel What U Feel is a children's album by American musician Lisa Loeb. The album was released on October 7, 2016, and the album's first single was \"Feel What U Feel.\" The album won Best Children's Album at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards.\n\nRelease \nThe album was announced on September 8, 2016 with the release of the lead single \"Feel What U Feel,\" featuring Craig Robinson. The album was then released by Furious Rose Productions on October 7, 2016 as an Amazon Music exclusive.\n\nPromotion \nLisa Loeb Embarked a small tour to promote the Children's album in the Fall of 2016 & Winter of 2017. Despite going on a children's tour, Lisa performed many of her \"Adult\" and \"Older\" songs. Lisa also constantly played her songs on \"Kids Place Live Radio\" for nearly 1 year after release.\n\nSingles \n\"Feel What U Feel\" was released as the album's lead single of September 8, 2016. The second single, \"Moon Star Pie (It's Gunna Be Alright)\" was released on October 7, 2016. The third single, \"Wanna Do Day\" ft. Ed Helms was released on January 12, 2017. The fourth and final single of the album, \"The Sky Is Always Blue\" was released on March 13, 2017.\n\nTrack listing\n\nReferences \n\n2016 albums\nChildren's music albums\nLisa Loeb albums", "Less Is More is the debut studio album by Belgian DJ and record producer Lost Frequencies. It was released on 21 October 2016, by Lost & Cie under exclusive license to Armada Music and Ultra Music. The album was shortlisted by IMPALA (The Independent Music Companies Association) for the Album of the Year Award 2016, which rewards on a yearly basis the best album released on an independent European label.\n\nSingles\n\"Are You with Me\" was released as the first single on 26 January 2015. \"Reality\" (featuring Janieck Devy) was released as the second single on 24 May 2015. \"Beautiful Life\" (featuring Sandro Cavazza) was released as the third single on 3 June 2016. \"What Is Love 2016\" was released as the fourth single on 7 October 2016. \"All or Nothing\" (featuring Axel Ehnström) was released as the fifth single on 17 February 2017. \"Here with You\" was released as the sixth single on 30 June 2017.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nReferences\n\n2016 albums\nLost Frequencies albums" ]

[ "Lee Ann Womack", "Country music stardom: 1997-1999", "What happened in 1997?", "Womack released her self-titled debut album in May 1997,", "What is the album called?", "I don't know.", "What is a single that was on the album?", "\"The Fool\"" ]

[ "This article lists the diplomatic missions of Transnistria. Transnistria is a state with limited recognition, that broke away from Moldova after the War of Transnistria in 1992. Transnistria did not receive recognition from any UN member states. It has been recognized as an independent state by Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh and South Ossetia only. At present, Transnistria has three representative offices abroad.\n\nEurope\n \n Sukhumi (Representative office)\n\n Moscow (Official Diplomatic Bureau)\n \n Tskhinvali (Representative office)\n\nSee also \nForeign relations of Transnistria\nList of diplomatic missions in Transnistria\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic\n\nDiplomatic missions of\nTransnistria\nDiplomatic missions of Transnistria", "This article lists the diplomatic missions in Transnistria. Transnistria is a state with limited recognition, that broke away from Moldova after the War of Transnistria in 1992. Transnistria did not receive recognition from any UN member states. It has been recognized as independent state by Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh and South Ossetia only. At present, the capital Tiraspol hosts no embassies, but two representative offices and one consulate.\n\nEmbassies \nTiraspol\n none\n\nRepresentative offices \nTiraspol\n\nConsulates \nTiraspol\n\n (Consular office)\n\nSee also \nForeign relations of Transnistria\nList of diplomatic missions of Transnistria\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic\n\nDiplomatic missions in\nTransnistria\nDiplomatic missions in Transnistria\nDiplomatic missions" ]

[ "Lee Ann Womack", "Country music stardom: 1997-1999", "What happened in 1997?", "Womack released her self-titled debut album in May 1997,", "What is the album called?", "I don't know.", "What is a single that was on the album?", "\"The Fool\"", "Did it receive positive recognition?", "reached the Top 5 on the Billboard Country chart that year." ]

[ "Le Cousin is a 1997 French film directed by Alain Corneau.\n\nPlot \nThe film deals with the relationship of the police and an informant in the drug scene.\n\nAwards and nominations\nLe Cousin was nominated for 5 César Awards but did not win in any category.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1997 films\n1997 crime films\nFilms about drugs\nFilms directed by Alain Corneau\nFrench crime films\nFrench films\nFrench-language films", "The 23rd Fangoria Chainsaw Awards is an award ceremony presented for horror films that were released in 2020. The nominees were announced on January 20, 2021. The film The Invisible Man won five of its five nominations, including Best Wide Release, as well as the write-in poll of Best Kill. Color Out Of Space and Possessor each took two awards. His House did not win any of its seven nominations. The ceremony was exclusively livestreamed for the first time on the SHUDDER horror streaming service.\n\nWinners and nominees\n\nReferences\n\nFangoria Chainsaw Awards" ]