5 Most Scalable Backend Development Languages/Frameworks in 2021–22
By: Ajay Kapoor
Tags: Coding, Web Development, Backend Development, Back End Developer, Programming

Today’s digital transformation concept affects all organizations, irrespective of their vertical or functional industry of expertise. A massive digital transformation is leading any company’s digital presence.

This is because it helps in meeting the changing customer expectations in a better and more satisfying way. But what does digital presence mean?

Digital presence means how a business appears online. It can be both web and mobile apps.

With the advent of frameworks and APIs, web development standards have risen over the years. A decade ago, a company’s digital presence was limited to a static website or PHP web application, but it is not the case anymore!

Technology has come up with backend-specific languages and frameworks. These are libraries of server-side programming languages ​​that help build the backend structure of a website secure, fast, and customer-friendly.

The backend frameworks provide ready-to-use components for developing a dynamic web application. Using frameworks gives developers an advantage by eliminating the need to build and configure everything from scratch.

Role of Backend Development in Website Development

The main focus of backend development is on the server-side of the website. In general, the backend consists of three main parts:

Database

Request

Server

On the server side, the backend powers the operation of the website. Also, the programs written here by backend developers are used to communicate information from database to browser.

In 2021, backend development will be even more vital as companies look to expand at a rapid pace.

Therefore, I will share the top 5 languages/frameworks for backend development to rule the roots in 2021 and the coming years.

Let’s get the ball rolling!

1. Node.js

There are many other JavaScript frameworks, but Node.js is ruling the industry.

Node.js even has its IDE or runtime environment. This IDE has become one of the reasons why it is popular with the developer community.

Also, as Node.js is efficient, developing high-end applications for website development and video streaming is preferred.

Node.js is asynchronous, non-blocking, and single-threaded. This is why Node.js is the best backend language for real-time applications.

Node.js is a JavaScript-based solution, so most backend developers are familiar with this language. JavaScript was the most widely used programming language according to development stats published in 2019.

So if you are planning to hire Nodejs developers, it won’t be too difficult or time-consuming.

When switching to the backend, developers can benefit from all the benefits of JavaScript development.

Due to a dynamic community of developers, Node.js is one of the best backend programming languages. In addition, the active developer community contributes to the development of the language.

2. Python

According to the development stats report published for 2020, Python surpasses JAVA to become the second most popular programming language.

Python programming language has experienced tremendous growth, around 18–19%, in the last five years. In some statistical analysis, Python ranks first in December 2020 ( PYPL index).

Python is among the most popular backend programming languages ​​on several other well-known platforms such as Stack Overflow and Github.

Also, Python’s compatibility with trending technologies like AI and ML makes it more preferred among Indian programmers. Thus, if you want to make a robust application on Python, contacting python development companies in India can be the best bet.

Python has been the leading backend language in almost every industry vertical, just starting with the mastery of programming for the past few years.

The main reason behind this is a relatively simple syntax that makes it easy to read, learn, and use. As a result, the language is widely used for web development, software development, etc., and various trending technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, data science, etc.

The language offers rich features like rich library support, easier integration with other languages, automatic garbage collection, GUI support, etc.

The popular Python frameworks that help make things more efficient and convenient are Django, Flask, Pyramid, etc.

3. Kotlin

Kotlin is a backend programming language for the Java Virtual Machine, also generally known as the JVM. Ever since 2017, Kotlin is highly preferred for Android development, as it has official Google support.

With Kotlin, in addition to writing less code, readability is also improved. Less coding results in fewer errors and allows developers to focus on other essential tasks.

In 2021, the Kotlin backend programming language will occupy an important position as website performance increases.

Another interesting fact about Kotlin is that it came from industry and not academia.

Therefore, it is a more straightforward tool than Java that solves the challenges and problems faced by programmers. For example, it helps developers avoid null pointer exceptions.

Hence, it becomes an efficient tool to use with Java and is as ubiquitous as Java.

Kotlin will have a significant impact on future backend development, as it is fully compatible with Java. In addition to this, developers would have access to huge libraries that would allow them to write concise code.

That is why more than 61% of developers with more than five years of experience prefer to work with Kotlin.

As companies look to emerge from the horrors of 2020, Kotlin can be a great ally for them. It facilitates faster development and is comparatively very inexpensive.

Also, Kotlin is a universal backend programming language. Hence, transferring from one platform to another becomes very easy.

As discussed earlier, Kotlin has an easy learning curve. Therefore, the language is less error-prone and allows developers to find errors quickly.

Kotlin is a very secure backend programming language. Everyone understands that data security is an essential thing to grow in the modern business world. Kotlin developers are embedded in semantic principles. These principles prevent common errors that often occur during program execution.

4. Ruby on Rails (RoR)

1. Ruby on Rails or RoR is a popular server-side web app framework written in the Ruby language available under the MIT license.

Backed by a large and friendly community, RoR is an ideal framework that includes everything a developer needs to create great apps.

Since its launch in 2004, hundreds of thousands of apps have been built using the framework, including GitHub, Airbnb, and Hulu, among others.

The key features of RoR include:

• Ruby on Rails implements the MVC architecture or the Model-View-Controller architecture

• RoR emphasizes the principles of the Configuration Convention (CoC) and No Repetition (DRY)

• The RoR makes it easy to modify an existing code

• The Rails community works proactively to identify and fix new vulnerabilities

I have listed some of the main advantages of this backend development below.

The code that is written in Ruby on Rails is crisp, clear, and very consistent.

Furthermore, this programming language is one of the most time-efficient frameworks in the world.

It has a large community of developers.

Therefore, if developers face any problems during web application development, they have a large group to rely on.

Reduces the time required for web application development as developers can reuse code to a greater extent.

Ruby on Rails (RoR) works in Model-View-Control-Format. This simply means that it is easier to separate the business logic from the other application parts.

The encoding process in RoR is self-describing and easy to read. Therefore, novice developers do not need additional documentation to start a new project.

The developer can develop a prototype of the future website at a faster pace with Ruby on Rails.

The backend programming language is also known for its predictability and stability.

Due to its predictable nature, it is easier for developers to add new features according to requirements. In addition, the framework is suitable for long-term projects and can be used in all kinds of commercial industries.

5. JAVA

Many times it seems that JAVA is losing its charm. Still, when we look at the actual statistics, every year, JAVA ends up with an excellent ranking showing that the particular language still works well and is in demand in the world of technology.

There are around 8 million JAVA developers worldwide; perhaps this number can help you gauge the demand and popularity of this particular language.

In addition, the language is occupying first place among all programming languages ​​in the ranking of TIOBE and PYPL.

According to RedMonk reports, JAVA ranks third behind JavaScript and Python only.

The object-oriented programming language features a highly celebrated Write Once Run Anywhere that allows Java code to run on other platforms, which support JAVA, without recompiling.

The language is widely used in Android development alongside web applications, desktop applications, scientific applications, etc.

Also, top-tier companies like Adobe, Amazon, Flipkart, and many others hire Java developers to enhance the functionalities of their applications.

Java’s extraordinary features like high demand in the tech world, tremendous community support, popular frameworks (like Spring & Hibernate), multithreading, automatic memory allocation and garbage collection, platform independence ensure that JAVA will provide you with valuable business opportunities for years to come as well.

Bottom Lines

Every programming language has its own benefits and losses. It entirely depends on your requirement and budget as to which language will be a perfect fit for you.

The above-mentioned backend programming languages and frameworks are leading the development industry, and you can pick any for your business-level programs.

All you need to do is get in touch with India’s top software development company and get yourself a great application.

Good Luck!