Want to become a Web Developer? Here are the things you have to learn.
By: Nirdhum Narayan
Tags: Database, Web Development, Backend, Web Developer, Front End Development

Web Developer is a programmer who specializes or is engaged in the development of World Wide Web applications. The Client-Server model is used in the development of these types of applications.

Fundamentals of Web Development

Understanding how the internet works.

Understanding how websites work (understanding how HTML [Hyper Text Markup Language], CSS [Cascading Style Sheet], and JavaScript contributes to it. ).

Starting to code with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Learning Debugging and Key troubleshooting.

Learning to use command line basics to become a power user.

Learn and understand git, Github, and version controls.

Educational Requirements for Web developer.

Modern web applications often contain three or more tiers, and depending on the size of the team a developer works on, he or she may specialize in one or more of these tiers — or may take a more interdisciplinary role.

A web developer is usually classified as a Front-end web development or a Back-End Web Developer. Meanwhile, the other developer might focus on the interaction between server-side frameworks, the web server, and a database system.

Below I have given a list of things that you will have to learn to become a Web Developer.

# Front-end Development

1. HTML / HTML 5

Learn the anatomy of HTML syntax to structure your websites.

Understand the HTML boilerplate and HTML doctypes.

How to structure text in HTML.

How to structure HTML lists to create unordered and ordered lists.

How to insert images using HTML

How to create hyperlinks using anchor tags.

Understand how to use HTML tables for content.

How to use tables for layout.

Understand HTML forms and create a simple contact form.

HTML Divs and how to separate content for CSS styling.

2. CSS / CSS 3

Understanding what are Cascading Style Sheets and how you can use it to style your website.

How to use CSS selectors and properties.

Learning how to use inline, internal, and external CSS.

Understanding CSS coding best practices.

Learning about CSS sizing methods.

Learning the anatomy of CSS syntax and structure.

CSS specificity and implementing style hierarchy.

Class vs. Ids and how to target each.

CSS display and how to implement the layout.

How to use CSS static, relative, and absolute positioning systems.

Font styling using CSS and web-safe fonts.

Website design fundamentals and typography.

How to use CSS float and clear.

How to combine CSS selectors and understanding selector priority.

3. BOOTSTRAP 4

Learning the fundamentals of implementing responsive web design.

How to use Balsamiq to mockup and wireframe websites.

The fundamentals of UI design for websites.

How to install the Bootstrap framework.

Understanding the Bootstrap grid layout system.

How to use bootstrap containers to layout your website easily.

Learning to use other Bootstrap components such as buttons.

Adding symbols using Font Awesome.

Learning to use Bootstrap carousels.

Adding Bootstrap cards to your website.

Using Bootstrap navigation bars.

4. JAVASCRIPT ES 6

The Fundamentals of Code

Starting code with alerts and prompts.

Understanding Variables and Data Types in JavaScript

Variable naming in JS

Working with strings and numbers

Randomization and logical operators

Loops, collections, and Conditionals.

Functions and invocation patterns

Discussion of ECMAScript

Intermediate JavaScript

Learning to use JS Expressions, Operators, Statements, and Declarations

Object-Oriented Programming

JS Objects and Prototypes

‘This' , Scope and Closures

, Scope and Closures Objects and Prototypes

Refactoring and Debugging

5. DOCUMENT OBJECT MODEL (DOM)

Learning the tree structure of HTML based websites.

Traversing through the document using object notation.

Separation of concerns and coding best practices.

Manipulating and changing the HTML elements using your understanding of the DOM.

6. JQUERY

Installing and using the jQuery framework.

Learning about jQuery functionality.

Introduction to Functions in jQuery.

Manipulating text, styles, and attributes with jQuery.

Creating animations and customizations with jQuery.

Using your jQuery knowledge to make your website interactive.

Responding to user-initiated events with jQuery.

7. UNIX COMMAND LINE

How to use basic bash commands in a Unix/Linux Terminal.

How to manipulate files and folders without needing a graphical user interface.

How to download and install to your computer using the command line.

8. GIT GITHUB and VERSION CONTROL

Using git for version control and collaboration.

Git forking, branching, and cloning.

Using GitHub as a remote repository.

Checkout and rolling back changes with git.

# Back-end Development

1. NODE. JS

Explore the components of back-end development, working with an MVC framework.

Apply concepts like data types, objects, methods, object-oriented programming, and classes in the context of backend development.

Server-Side JavaScript.

Using Node on the command line.

NPM.

JavaScript Build Processes.

Event Loop and Emitters.

File System Interaction.

Modules.

Native Node drivers.

2. EXPRESS. JS

Understanding how to install and use express in Node applications.

Creating Node and Express based servers.

RESTful Routing with Express.

Understanding and use middleware for Node applications.

3. APPLICATION PROGRAM INTERFACES ( APIS )

Understanding what APIs are and how they work.

HTTP in Depth.

Calling APIs.

Reading API documentation.

Basic API Authentication.

Server to server communication, JSON vs. XML, sending data over the wire.

4. EJS

Understanding what EJS does and how to use it with Node and Express.

Templating with EJS.

Running code in EJS templates.

Passing data from server to template and vice versa.

Creating layouts/partials with EJS.

# Databases

1. DATABASE FUNDAMENTALS

Data Relationships.

Designing a Data Model.

Relational Databases.

Alternative Databases.

Entity Relationship Modelling (ERM) and Object Relational Mapping (ORM).

2. SQL DATABASES

Working with Database Schemas.

Create-Read-Update-Destroy (CRUD).

Database Joins.

Querying SQL databases.

3. NO SQL DATABASES with MONGO DB and MONGOOSE

Serialization.

How to model NoSQL data.

Document Databases (MongoDB).

Create-Read-Update-Destroy (CRUD).

NoSQL Best Practices.

Mongo Shell and command-line use.

Installing MongoDB.

Mapping relationships with MongoDB.

Using an object-data modeling library (Mongoose) to work easily with your data.

4. DEPLOYMENT

Understanding hosting and deployment.

Hosting static websites with GitHub Pages.

Deploying server-based applications with Heroku.

Deploying Databases with Mongo Atlas.

5. BUILDING RESTful APIs

Understanding REST and guiding principles behind API design.

Learn to work with a MongoDB GUI Robo 3T.

Implementing GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, and DELETE by creating a public API from scratch.

Understanding and using chained route handlers from Express.

6. AUTHENTICATION and SECURITY

Understanding the need for authentication and keeping user details secure.

Learning about Encryption and use encryption to keep your database secure.

Learning and implement Hashing and Salting with bcrypt.

Using Sessions and Cookies to persist user login sessions.

Setting up local authentication from scratch.

Implementing Passport to authenticate users quickly and effectively.

Understanding and using environment variables to keep secret keys secure.

Understanding and using OAuth 2.0 to log in users using Google and Facebook.

7. REACT. JS

Learning front-end development with React.

Understand when and how to use React Components.

Learning to pass Props and work with them.

Learning to write JSX and understand JSX syntax.

Learning about the React DOM.

Learning State Management in React.

Learning about React Hooks.

Learning about conditional rendering in React.

Understanding the difference between class and functional components.

8. JAVASCRIPT ES 6

Arrow Functions.

Map/Filter/Reduce.

Find/FindOne/FindIndex.

Import/Export and Modules.

Object and Array Destructuring.

Spread Operator.

Learning the topics of this list will definitely help you become a fully-fledged Web Developer. But there are also other things that a Web Developer can use such as CMS (CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM).

To learn more about CMS click here.

Thank You for Reading and HAPPY LEARNING.

If you like coding and want to know some awesome programming languages to learn, then click here.