Computer
By: Afroza Chowdhury
Tags: Computer System, Type Of Computer, Computer History, Computer, Computer Application

The term computer comes from the Greek word”compute”. The word compute means to calculate. Along with the computer means computing apparatus. A computer is a system which can perform mathematical calculations very fast by following specific instructions. The computer is no longer just a computing device.A computer is a device which receives information and assesses and presents it through different processes. In the heart of the development of civilization and its rapidadvancement is the strong influence of mathematics and computers.

History:

The actual beginnings of computer science came through Alan Turing’s theoretical and later practical research.In the Center of the twentieth century, the From the middle of the twentieth century, That the development of modern computers began. The invention of the microprocessor in 1971 led to the rapid development of the microcomputer. There are many types of low-cost personal computers or PCs in the market. He has invented a variety of operating systems, program languages, countless practical package programs.

Along with this, there has been a massive expansion of computer networks and the internet and related services and services. Numerous institutional and non-institutional computer education and research institutes have been established and expanded to provide computer education. Computers and information technology (IT) have occupied a large part of the business, and employment has mainly become computer dependent.

Microprocessor-based computers have been on the market since Intel Corporation of America invented the microprocessor in 1981. Since then, a great revolution has taken place in the shape and function of computers. IBM’s personal computer or PC came on the market in 1981. One by one, high-powered microprocessors were invented, and powerful PCs were created. Since the IBM company did not impose any restrictions on the development of IBM compatible computers from the very beginning, the price of such computers dropped drastically, and their use continued to increase. At the same time, Along with IBM, Apple Computer Inc. released their invented Apple-Macintosh computer. But because Apple did not show any generosity in making their compatible computers, the price of Macintosh computers remained too high, which made Apple less famous. However, Apple-Macintosh computers were widely used in the printing industry due to some unique practical advantages.

Computer system:

A system is a combined effort of some integrated components that serve some common purpose. The components of a computer system are as follows:

Hardware,

2. Software,

3. Humanware or user,

4. Data or Information.

Hardware:

Hardware is all the devices, components and devices that have the external shape of a computer. Computer hardware can initially be divided into three parts.

Input equipment:

Keyboard

Mouse

Disk

• Scanner

Card reader,

Digital camera etc.

System unit:

• Hard disk

• Motherboard

AGP card

RAM etc.

Output equipment:

Monitor

Printer

Disk

Speaker

Projector

Headphones etc.

Hardware is all the devices, components and devices that have the external shape of a computer. Computer hardware can initially be divided into three parts.

Input equipment:

Keyboard

Mouse

Disk

• Scanner

Card reader,

Digital camera etc.

Software:

A program is a series of instructions Organized in a computer language to solve problems or perform tasks. Software is your program or {set|collection} of programs which make hardware function by creating a connection between the computer’s hardware and the consumer. Computer applications can be divided into two chief components.

1. System Software: System software effectively harnesses the computer’s ability to execute practical programs by maintaining the coordination of work between different units of the computer.

2. Application software: Application software is a program used to solve practical problems or process data.

Types of computers:

In the Center of the twentieth century, the By the middle of the twentieth century, That the It can be divided into three parts based on the design and operation principles of the computer.

1. Analog computer

2. Digital computer

3. Hybrid computer

Digital computers can be further divided into four categories based on size, capability, price and importance of use.

1. Microcomputer

2. Mini computer

3. Mainframe computer

4. Supercomputer

Microcomputers can be divided into two parts.

1. Desktop

2. Laptop

Application:

In the Center of the twentieth century, the By the middle of the twentieth century, . Its immense use in various fields is Beginning from housework to business, scientific etc.. Most Importantly, it has brought a unique revolution in the Area ofalmost everything.

Computer usage in geography:

1. Computer in GIS: Computer is used in GIS technology. In this technology, various information is added to the map with the help of a computer.

Use of computer in education:

Computers are used in classroom teaching through multimedia technology. Microsoft Excel is also used for publishing results.