fabiochiu/medium-articles huggingface dataset:
DA Krasner Announces Perjury, Falsification Charges Against Police Officer for Narcotics Arrest
By: Philadelphia Dao
Tags: Criminal Justice, Press Release, Police Misconduct, Criminal Justice Reform, Philadelphia

CONTACT:

Jane Roh, 215–686–8711, Jane.Roh@phila.gov

PHILADELPHIA (April 14, 2021) — District Attorney Larry Krasner on Wednesday announced Perjury and related charges have been filed against Police Officer James Saxton (DOB: 12/27/1986) for his role in a 2019 narcotics arrest.



Following a Philadelphia Police Internal Affairs investigation and District Attorney’s Office (DAO) Special Investigations Unit review, Saxton is alleged to have lied under oath at a preliminary hearing about observing two Latinx males engaging in an attempted illegal drug transaction at the corner of A Street and Indiana Avenue on April 28, 2019. Officer Saxton is alleged to have arrested one of the individuals without legal justification, and to have falsified official reports.



“In order to earn the trust and cooperation of the public, we need police officers to tell the truth just like we need prosecutors to tell the truth,” District Attorney Krasner said. “Official corruption and abuse of power impact whole communities, which in this case included witnesses who provided cell phone and surveillance camera footage that disproved Officer Saxton’s initial reports. Official lying undermines all law enforcement. This case illustrates the importance of Body Worn Cameras, and of following the rules of conduct within the department — especially rules regarding the usage of body worn cameras and the correct filing and storage of BWC footage.”



Officer Saxton is charged with Perjury (F3), Unsworn Falsification (M2), and Official Oppression (M2).

###

The Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office is the largest prosecutor’s office in Pennsylvania, and one of the largest in the nation. It serves the more than 1.5 million residents of the City and County of Philadelphia, employing 600 lawyers, detectives, and support staff. The District Attorney’s Office is responsible for the prosecution of approximately 40,000 criminal cases annually.
Dallas City Council approves violence interrupter contract, a key part of mayor’s public safety agenda
By: Mayor Eric Johnson
Tags: Dallas, Press Release, Public Safety

DALLAS — The City Council on Wednesday unanimously approved a contract with Youth Advocate Programs, Inc. (YAP) to hire and train violence interrupters in the city’s underserved neighborhoods.

The violence interrupters program is a key part of Mayor Eric Johnson’s public safety agenda. The Mayor’s Task Force on Safe Communities recommended the program in its January 2020 report. In September 2020, the City Council voted to allocate $800,000 in funding to hire violence interrupters during the 2020–2021 fiscal year.

“We cannot and should not rely on police alone to stop the violent crime increases in our city,” said Mayor Johnson. “Violence interrupters, which were highly recommended by my Task Force on Safe Communities, will stop conflicts before they become violent and can help our people and our neighborhoods to grow and thrive. That is why we are thrilled to partner with Youth Advocate Programs as we work to make our communities stronger, safer, and more prosperous.”

The vote Wednesday followed a months-long procurement process that identified YAP as the most advantageous proposer of three. YAP, which agreed to a two-year service agreement for up to $1.6 million, is a national nonprofit that runs violence interrupter programs but is also widely known for its family-based alternatives to youth incarceration and out-of-home placement.

YAP will hire people with credibility in Dallas neighborhoods to serve in the roles of violence interrupters.

“YAP’s Violence Interruption approach engages individuals who are most likely to become perpetrators or victims of crime — some who have been systems involved and others who have not. Our service providers are credible messengers, people who have shared backgrounds and experiences and have turned their lives around,” said YAP President Gary Ivory. “These community-based YAP staff provide up to 10 hours a week connecting individuals and families with educational, emotional and economic tools. They’re in essence using their social capital to help those they serve build theirs.”

The Office of Integrated Public Safety Solutions, which is also helping implement the Mayor’s Task Force on Safe Communities’ blight remediation and lighting efforts, will manage the violence interrupters program for the City.

“Violence interrupters will be an important part of our larger strategy to reduce violent crime and make our city more equitable,” said David Pughes, director of the Office of Integrated Public Safety Solutions. “We are excited to begin working on this cutting edge, evidence-backed program right away so we can make an impact in our residents’ lives.”
DAO Refiles 1st Degree Murder Charges for Death of Mia Green
By: Philadelphia Dao
Tags: Criminal Justice, Press Release, Transgender, Hate Crimes, Philadelphia

CONTACT:

Jane Roh, 215–686–8711, Jane.Roh@phila.gov

PHILADELPHIA (April 12, 2021) — District Attorney Larry Krasner on Monday announced 1st Degree Murder Charges have been refiled against Abdullah I. El-Amin (DOB: 8/30/1982) for the shooting homicide of Mia Green, a Black trans woman, last September.

During a preliminary hearing on April 7th, the Philadelphia Municipal Court downgraded the Murder charge to 3rd Degree Murder over Commonwealth objections.

“While the matter remains an active and open investigation, facts and evidence known to the Commonwealth at this time support our initial decision to charge this case as First Degree Murder,” District Attorney Krasner said. “My office will continue to seek justice on the Commonwealth’s behalf for the murder of Mia Green, who should be alive and with her loved ones today.”

On September 28, 2020, Philadelphia Police officers stopped El-Amin while he was driving at the 900 block of N. 41st Street for a traffic violation. Mia Green was in the passenger seat of the car suffering from multiple gunshot wounds. She died from several close-range gunshots, according to a medical examination. Investigation by Police and the DAO Homicide/Non-Fatal Shooting Unit determined there were inconsistencies in the account El-Amin initially gave to law enforcement.

El-Amin is additionally charged with Possession of an Instrument of Crime (M1), Recklessly Endangering Another Person (M2), Unsworn Falsification to Authorities (M2), Tampering with Evidence (M2), and Obstruction of Justice (M2).

District Attorney Krasner added: “The Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office will also continue to advocate for the dignity and respect of all people, especially in the face of grotesque efforts to lock anti-trans discrimination into our laws and regulations. Allowing any marginalized group to come under attack makes all of us less safe. We must continue the work of building communities in which all people are free from oppression and violence.”

Earlier in April, Pennsylvania Republicans introduced a bill sanctioning discrimination against transgender student athletes. LGBTQ+ people are not protected under Pennsylvania’s hate or bias crime laws.

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The Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office is the largest prosecutor’s office in Pennsylvania, and one of the largest in the nation. It serves the more than 1.5 million residents of the City and County of Philadelphia, employing 600 lawyers, detectives, and support staff. The District Attorney’s Office is responsible for the prosecution of approximately 40,000 criminal cases annually.
PA Supreme Court Agrees to Hear DAO Argument on Police Use of Force Statute
By: Philadelphia Dao
Tags: Criminal Justice, Press Release, Police Accountability, Criminal Justice Reform, Philadelphia

CONTACT:

Jane Roh, 215–686–8711, Jane.Roh@phila.gov

PHILADELPHIA (April 20, 2021) — The Pennsylvania Supreme Court on Tuesday agreed to hear all three questions presented in a petition by the District Attorney’s Office involving Pennsylvania’s police use of force statute, in advance of the homicide trial of ex-Philadelphia police officer Ryan Pownall in the killing of David Jones.

District Attorney Larry Krasner stated: “The Commonwealth is pleased that the important and substantial legal issues we raised to bring justice to prosecutions of police and law enforcement officers will be considered by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court before the trial of former police officer Ryan Pownall. The people deserve a consistent and fair standard for when violence may be used against them by the state, in a manner that complies with our constitutions.

“Right now, the National Guard is activated in Philly and in communities across the country ahead of a jury verdict in the murder trial of former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin. Today, the public is alarmed at the possibility of tear gas and other weaponry being used against them again and the chance that their sacred rights to non-violent protest are being unconstitutionally undermined by illegal law enforcement infiltration around the country.

“A militarized anticipatory response to a trial outcome should never become normal. It is the direct result of unchecked illegal violence in policing that has been protected nationally by a vacuum of police accountability. The response to illegal police violence that provokes civilian outrage and peaceful protest cannot just be further militarized police violence.

“The Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office will continue the fight to bring fair and balanced police accountability, which is a key part of the equal justice that is required by the people.”

###

The Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office is the largest prosecutor’s office in Pennsylvania, and one of the largest in the nation. It serves the more than 1.5 million residents of the City and County of Philadelphia, employing 600 lawyers, detectives, and support staff. The District Attorney’s Office is responsible for the prosecution of approximately 40,000 criminal cases annually.
DAO to Proceed on Protester Assault Case Against Fired Police Inspector
By: Philadelphia Dao
Tags: Criminal Justice, Press Release, Police Brutality, Police Accountability, Philadelphia

CONTACT:

Jane Roh, 215–686–8711, Jane.Roh@phila.gov

PHILADELPHIA (August 31, 2021) — The Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas on Tuesday approved assault-related charges against former Philadelphia Police Staff Inspector Joseph Bologna for his alleged criminal actions during an incident that was captured on video last summer and widely viewed across the country.



The District Attorney’s Office (DAO) refiled criminal charges against Bologna earlier this year after they were dismissed during a preliminary hearing by a lower-court judge.



Bologna was terminated from the Philadelphia Police Department last summer after the protest-related incident on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. Cell phone video captured Bologna striking a Temple University student above the neck while he was participating in a Black Lives Matter protest on June 1, 2020 — one of many that occurred during the longest sustained mass demonstrations against racial injustice in U.S. history.



The student was arrested by police after the protest on the Parkway and referred to the District Attorney’s Office for assaulting a law enforcement officer. But after reviewing evidence, including video of Bologna striking the student, the DAO instead filed assault charges against Bologna.



On Tuesday, the Court of Common Pleas approved refiled charges of Simple Assault (M2) and Possession of an Instrument of Crime (M1) against Bologna.



“The people demand accountability from powerful institutions, and that means the law must apply equally to all. My office seeks every day to hold those who cause harm accountable in a fair and evenhanded way, regardless of the office they hold or the badge they wear,” District Attorney Larry Krasner said. “We respectfully disagree with the court’s decision to dismiss the felony Aggravated Assault charge, given the seriousness of the head injury suffered by the victim, which required multiple stitches and staples. Because a just resolution of this matter is of great public interest and importance, we will be reviewing our options for the best course forward as prosecutors on behalf of the Commonwealth.”



The case involving former police inspector Bologna will be prosecuted by the DAO Special Investigations Unit (SIU), which investigates criminal complaints involving public officials, including law enforcement. Members of the public may report criminal incidents or possible official misconduct directly to the SIU by calling 215–686–9608 or emailing DAO_SIU@phila.gov.
HONEYPAD — Revolutionizing the DeFi Market for Freelancers
Tags: Bsc Token, Press Release, Bsc, Bsc Gem, Bsc News

The hyper-deflationary project offers security as well as opportunity for freelancers and investors.

HONEYPAD is Buzzing

As the first self-covering ecosystem with innovative features in the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) market, HONEYPAD is on a mission to change the crypto world, and in particular the crypto freelancer market, for the better while ensuring profitability for its token holders.

Armed with cutting-edge features in its token contract, an absolutely enthusiastic community and an experienced development team, they are launching one of the most trusted Binance Smart Chain (BSC) projects of the year — kicking off on August 31, 2021 at 2PM UTC+0.

In recent weeks, HONEYPAD has gained the trust of many investors by being an example of how a community-owned project can carry momentum through word-of-mouth. The unique system and future plans that HONEYPAD brings to the world with enthusiasm and transparency are notable. Their freelance platform called Honeywork meshes extremely well with DeFi.

As more people accept that the way to work has changed, they are cheering on the 15.9% forecast CAGR to 2025 and stepping in with a smarter, more efficient ecosystem.

As of early 2021, cryptocurrencies have become a multi-trillion dollar force in the global economy — at the same time, the global Freelance Platforms market size is projected to reach USD $9,192.9 million by 2026, from USD $3,393.5 million in 2019. HONEYPAD is bringing these two worlds together.

“Dream big. Forget about fixed salaries. Demand the respect and freedom you crave.” — Honeypad

Sweet as Sugar

In order to have the chance to directly participate in the profit of the new freelance platform as an owner of HONEYPAD tokens, long term investors from all over the world are invited to participate in the project. Although there are some risks involved in participating in a pre-sale, the highly coveted shares are likely to be extremely well received in the DEFI world.

To learn more about HONEYPAD, visit the following links:

Website

Whitepaper

Telegram

ABOUT HONEYPAD

We are driving innovation at HONEYPAD, inspired by our purpose, Let’s turn the crypto world to the better. Investors and Freelancers are at the center of everything we do. With a successfully filled private sale of approximately $300,000, we are committed to growing our revolutionary and dedicated project on a global scale. We leverage our skills and agility to unleash the full power of HONEYPAD. As global citizens, we’re dedicated to making an impact on the crypto world while helping to educate people about the possibilities of crypto. Learn more about our journey by visiting our website or following us on Twitter and Telegram.

Original Article was published on BSC NEWS.

https://www.bsc.news/post/honeypad-revolutionizing-the-defi-market-for-freelancers
Health Benefits Of Golden Milk/Turmeric Milk
By: Swade Adday
Tags: Food, Healthy, Cancer, Disease, Heart Disease

#thursdaymorning #thursdayvibes #worldbookday2020 #turmeric #milk #food #Recipe #RecipesForThePeople # #healthy #healthbenefitsofturmericmilk #howtomaketurmericmilk #worldbookday

Turmeric milk — is an Indian drink that has been acquiring demand in Western cultures. This bright yellow drink is historically created by warming up cow’s or plant-based milk with turmeric and alternative spices, like cinnamon and ginger.

It’s touted for its several health advantages and infrequently used as an alternate remedy to spice up immunity and deflect ill health.

1. Key Ingredients are Loaded With Antioxidants

The key ingredient in golden milk is turmeric, a yellow spice well-liked in Asian cookery, which supplies curry its yellow color.

Curcumin, the active element in turmeric, has been utilized in Ayurvedic medicine for hundreds of years thanks to its robust inhibitor properties.

Antioxidants are compounds that fight cell harm, protect your body from aerophilic stress. They’re essential to the functioning of your cells, and studies often show that diets wealthy with antioxidants could facilitate lower your risk of infections and malady.

Most golden milk recipes additionally embody cinnamon and ginger — each of that has spectacular inhibitor properties moreover.

2. Could facilitate scale back Inflammation and Joint Pain

The components in Haldi or golden milk have strong medicinal effects.

Chronic inflammation is believed to play a serious role in chronic diseases, together with cancer, metabolic syndrome, Alzheimer’s, and cardiopathy. For this reason, diets made with medication compounds could scale back your risk of those conditions. Ginger, cinnamon, and curcumin — the active ingredient in turmeric — have potent medicinal properties.

The medicinal effects of curcumin square measure love those of some pharmaceutical medicine with none of the facet effects. These medication effects could scale back joint pain from arthritis and autoimmune disease.

3. Could Improve Memory and Brain perform

Turmeric milk could also be superior to your brain, excessively. Curcumin could rise the volume of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF could be a compound that helps your brain kind of new connections and promotes the expansion of brain cells.

Low levels of BDNF could also be joined to brain disorders, together with Alzheimer’s sickness. Cinnamon seems to cut back the symptoms of Parkinson’s sickness and improve brain performance.

Ginger may additionally boost brain performance by rising time interval and memory.

4. Curcumin in Turmeric could Improve Mood

It seems that turmeric — additional specifically its active compound curcumin — could boost mood and cut back symptoms of depression.

Only curcumin seasoned similar enhancements as those given antidepressants Depression might also be joined to low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). As curcumin seems to spice up the levels of BDNF, it should have the potential to scale back symptoms of depression.
Why is Manuka honey so special?
Tags: Honey, Cure, Disease, Manuka Honey, Prevent

Manuka honey is a complex honey that goes far beyond a simple table honey. It has been the focus of extensive scientific research evidencing remarkable natural properties that set it apart from other kinds of honey and make it so highly prized throughout the world.

Manuka honey requires special care and expertise to optimize and protect its special natural properties. Methylglyoxal (MGO) has been demonstrated to be the naturally occurring compound that makes Manuka honey so special. MGO is formed in the honey from Manuka nectar, and as the honey ripens, the MGO content can increase.

Multiple studies have shown that manuka honey can enhance wound healing, amplify the regeneration of tissue and even decrease pain in patients suffering from burns. What’s more, manuka honey may help heal diabetic ulcers. Applied topically, manuka honey effectively treats burns, ulcers and non-healing wounds. It has also been shown to combat antibiotic-resistant strains of infections, such as MRSA.

Research shows manuka honey inhibits the growth of harmful oral bacteria that can cause gingivitis and tooth decay. Unlike refined sugar, it has not been shown to cause tooth decay. Manuka honey can help treat sore throats. Research shows it attacks bacteria that causes soreness, especially in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation.

The research is mixed, but manuka honey’s potent antibacterial effects may help treat gastric ulcers caused by H. pylori. It may also prevent alcohol-induced gastric ulcers. Manuka honey may decrease inflammation in individuals with IBS. It may also be effective at attacking C. diff.

Manuka honey’s ability to treat acne appears favorable given its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. All things considered, manuka honey is likely an effective treatment strategy that may accelerate the healing process when used in conjunction with more conventional therapies.

If you want to buy an organic Manuka Honey or regular honey, CLICK HERE!
ALD — Alcholic Liver Disease. Addiction — liver disease and diabetes
By: Denise Larkin
Tags: Diabetes, Addiction, Prevention, Disease, Health

Thank you for your article on Acholic liver disease. I am sorry to read about your father passing of ALD. My brother died at age 42 from ALD. He was warned that his liver was in trouble long before it got worse and his GP helped him to stop drinking. He admitted himself into a place to get off alcohol but after two weeks it failed because they stopped his medication abruptly. We didn't understand why. But it caused him distress and he was very depressed too so he just gave up and carried on drinking. Eventually, he died.

I also have type 2 diabetes and I was told I had a fatty liver but I only drink a couple of glasses of wine on Friday and Saturdays. It did worry me and I was wondering whether I should give up drinking forever. I think type 2 diabetes makes everything worse in the body especially if a lot of alcohol is being consumed. Diabetes can speed up the process of many other illnesses or at least that is what I understood when I was first diagnosed. Both my parents suffered from diabetes too. My father was type 1 and my mother type 2. Plus my two other brothers are now type 2 but the brother who died of ALD was never diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. My point is, having diabetes can make every other illness much worse so I did wonder whether my brother had type 2 diabetes but was never diagnosed with it.

I wrote about my brother's problem with ALD on Medium sometime ago here: https://medium.com/living-lifestyle-news/drinking-alcohol-regularly-can-ruin-your-health-and-your-life-it-ruined-my-brother-ffe26dea0a93
A Tale of Mutants: Sequencing the Full-Length Influenza Virus at the Single Cell Level
By: Liz T
Tags: Biotechnology, Health, Disease, Dna, Science

It was February 2019 in Seattle. Outside the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, it was snowing — a rare event for the temperate Emerald City. My colleague Jason Underwood led me through the maze of corridors with non-descript rooms (though I interned at Fred Hutch when I was a grad student in Seattle, I routinely got lost inside), finally arriving at Jesse’s office.

Jesse Bloom and his postdoc Alistair Russell had been looking at the growth and cellular response of the H1N1 influenza virus at the single cell level using short read RNA-seq data (Russell et al. 2018). They infected A549 cells with the H1N1 influenza virus and used the 10X Chromium system and Illumina sequencing to study viral infection and cellular response at the single cell level.

The single cell RNA-seq revealed extreme variation in viral and immune response from cell to cell. At 10 hours post-infection, most of the cells have very little viral mRNA, while a small fraction of the cells was heavily dominated by viral transcripts.

Figure 4 from Russell et al. (2018) using single cell RNA-seq to quantify the fraction of viral mRNA at different times post infection. A549 cells were infected with the H1N1 influenza. Single cell library was generated on the 10X Chromium system and sequenced using Illumina short reads.

Collaborating with Cole Trapnell (a faculty member at UW Genome Sciences), Alistair and Jesse looked into what was causing the extreme heterogeneity. Difference in timing in infection was ruled out. Difference in initial infection dose was also not the major contributor. The only thing they could determine — based on the short-read data, which only provided 3’ gene count information — was that the absence of certain viral genes partially explained the viral load variability. Still, without access to the full viral sequences, they could not associate mutations across multiple viral genes.

Another surprise was that very few viral infections activated an innate immune response in the infected cells. Furthermore, the short-read data made it hard to determine if features of the virus — such as mutations — determined when a cell activated an immune response, since the short-read data only allowed Alistair and Jesse to see if a gene was completely absent.

All these unsolved mysteries led Alistair and Jesse to arrive at the conclusion that in order to have an unbiased view of all the viral mutations that are occurring at the single cell level, short read-based gene counting was not enough.
Who are at the risk of Black Fungus?
By: Charitha Burri
Tags: Black Fungus, Pathology, Covid 19, Disease, Infection

Who are at the risk of Black Fungus?

Black Fungus is a type of fungus which is already known for ages and is commonly present in the environment, which is also called mucormycosis. When this infects your body it forms black-colored crusts resulting in the tissue's death. Though black fungus is present in the environment it, doesn’t affect people with good immunity. This is an opportunistic infection, Rhino or vital cerebral (starts from the nose/mouth mostly and infects the eyes).

Symptoms:

· Unilateral numbness

· Unilateral headache

· Unilateral face swelling

· Difficulty in breathing

· Blood tinged nasal discharge

· Swelling of eyes

· Stuffy nose/ black crusting

· Loss of vision

· Restriction of eye movement

· Neurological symptoms

Toxicity Level:

v Black fungus possesses a 50% mortality rate.

v Do not delay

v Approach ENT or Eye Physician.

v Can gain therapy in tertiary care hospitals.

Who is at risk?

According to AIIMS

· Immunocompromised People

· HIV/AIDS Patients

· Cancer or on Chemotherapy

· Chronic Kidney disease

· Transplant

· Diabetes — 90% prone

· Misuse of steroids

· Carefree patients

removemoldguide.com

Tests:

o Nasal endoscopy with biopsy — 30 min diagnosis

o Contrast-enhanced MRI

o Limited role in CT and X-ray

Diagnosis:

Mortality rate: 50%

Sugar control

Stop steroids

Drugs used:

Ø Liposomal Amphotericin B injection — systemic and local

Ø Other antifungal

Ø Surgical debridement or removal of the necrotic drug for drug penetration

Ø After discharge Posaconazole 3 to 6 months.

Range of Infection:

§ 3 in 10,000 covid patients

§ Diabetic/pre-diabetics who got infected by covid and administered steroids — strictly monitor blood sugar.

§ General Blood sugar < 160mg/dl.

§ Fasting < 120mg/dl.

Prevention:

§ There’s no way to sidestep breathing in spores. So, to avoid this you can compromise on few activities to reduce your chances of mucormycosis. It can turn out even more dangerous if you already have any health ailment that adds up to your risk.

§ You can avoid being in places comprising dust and untidiness like empty areas, dump yards, construction sites. If you have to be in such places, wear a face mask like an N95.

§ Avoid infected water. This can comprise floodwater or water-damaged buildings, especially after natural disasters like hurricanes or floods.

§ If you are sensitive, stop being in contact with soil and unhygienic places. Always cover yourself with gloves while working in the soil.

§ If it affected you it affected you with mucormycosis, be sure to take your medications as early as possible.
Pandemc COVID-19
By: We Texting
Tags: Disease, Covid 19 Crisis, Pandemic

Unfortunately, we are facing the pandemic of COVID-19. These are times of uncertainty, where governments, leaders, populations each fight against the disease of COVID-19.

It is known by all that this disease day after day kills many people from all over the world, people from all over the world fight against COVID-19, from children, young people, adults, the elderly, especially the elderly because they have low immunity they run more risk of contamination and more represent the highest mortality rate due to COVID-19.

People are looking for the means of prevention available to prevent contamination and spread of the disease. There is still no vaccine for the disease; Doctors from all over the world work day and night in search of a vaccine against COVID-19. The outbreak of COVID-19 started in China mainly in Wuhan province and was spreading across all continents, the European continent was one of the most affected by COVID-19, Italy being one of the countries most affected by the disease, in America or in the American continent the US leads by the number of infected and fatal victims caused by the pandemic and also worldwide.

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only devastated people’s physical health but also the emotional health, spiritual health and economic health of countries, countries not to get into an economic crisis try to do the economic maneuvers to save their economies. The economy is the foundation of a nation. Nations around the world support countries that are in crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some countries have abused the internal support of their leaders, investors, entrepreneurs and citizens.

We are living in a time of uncertainty.

The emergence of COVID-19 is an enigma;

The cure for COVID-19 is an enigma;

Zero Tolerance (0) the spread of COVID-19.
Tracing the origin of epidemics in the colonial Americas
Tags: The Americas, Colonization, Paleovirology, Africa, Disease

The arrival of European colonists to the Americas, beginning in the 15th century, contributed to the spread of new viruses amongst Indigenous people. This led to massive outbreaks of disease, and millions of deaths that caused an important Native population to collapse. The exact viruses that caused these outbreaks are unknown, but smallpox, measles, and mumps are all suspected.

During these times, traders and colonists forcibly enslaved and displaced millions of people mainly from the West Coast of Africa to the Americas. The cruel, unsanitary, and overcrowded conditions on ships transporting these people across the Atlantic contributed to the spread of infectious diseases onboard. Once on land, infectious diseases spread quickly, partly due to the poor conditions that enslaved and ndigenous people were made to endure. Native people were also immunologically naïve to the newly introduced pathogens, making them susceptible to severe or fatal outcomes. The new field of paleovirology may help scientists identify the viruses that were circulating in the first years of colonization and trace how viruses arrived in the Americas.

Using next-generation DNA sequencing and other cutting-edge techniques, Guzmán-Solís et al. extracted and enriched viral DNA from skeletal remains dating back to the 16th century. These remains were found in mass graves that were used to bury epidemic victims at a colonial hospital and chapel in what is now Mexico City. The experiments identified two viruses, human parvovirus B19 and a human hepatitis B virus. These viral genomes were recovered from human remains of first-generation African people in Mexico, as well as an individual who was an Indigenous person.

Although the genetic material of these ancient viruses resembled pathogens that originated in Africa, the study did not determine if the victims died from these viruses or another cause. On the other hand, the results indicate that viruses frequently found in modern Africa were circulating in the Americas during the slave trade period of Mexico. Finally, the results provide evidence that colonists who forcibly brought African people to the Americas participated in the introduction of viruses to Mexico. This constant influx of viruses from the old world, led to dramatic declines in the populations of Indigenous people in the Americas.
Building a sonar sensor array with Arduino and Python
By: Alberto Naranjo
Tags: Self Driving Cars, Robotics, Hands-on Tutorials, Hands On Tutorials, Arduino

Building a sonar sensor array with Arduino and Python

Sensor Array based on the broadly available HC-SR04 sensor. Photo by the author

In this article we are going to build from scratch a sonar array based on the cheap and popular HC-SR04 sensor. We will use an Arduino microcontroller to drive and read the sensors and to communicate to a host computer using serial communication. Here is the working code for the full project however I recommend you to follow the steps in the article to understand how it works and to customize it for your needs.

The HC-SR04 is a very popular ultrasound sensor usually used in hobby electronics to build cheap distance sensors for obstacle avoidance or object detection. It has an ultrasound transmitter and receptor used to measure the time-of-flight of an ultrasonic wave signal bouncing against a solid object.

Sonar principle. Image by Dr. Schorsch

If the speed of sound is roughly 343 m/s at a room temperature of 20 celsius degrees. The distance to an object would the half of the time it takes the ultrasound wave from the transmitter to the receptor:

distance = 343 / ( time/2 )

However the HC-SR04 sensor is very inaccurate and will give you a very rough and noisy distance estimate. There are environmental factors like temperature and humidity that will affect the ultrasonic wave speed and the solid object material and angle of incidence will as well deteriorate the distance estimation. There are ways to improve the raw readings as we will learn later but in general terms ultrasound sensors should be used only as the last resort to avoid a close collision or to detect a solid object with a low distance resolution. But they are not good navigational or distance estimation sensors. For that we could use more expensive sensors as LiDar or a laser rangefinder.

I want to use this sonar array to detect nearby obstacles in front of my Raspberry Pi robot Rover4Wd (this project will be covered in another article). The sensor’s effective angle of detection is around 15 degrees so in order to cover a bigger area in front of the robot I want to use 5 sensors in total using an arc shape:

Sonar array mounted in front of the robot Rover4WD. Image by the author

The benefit of this setup is that we can not only estimate the distance of the obstacle in front of the robot but also the position (roughly) of the object relative to the robot.
MicroPython in PyCharms: Basic Setup
By: Andy Muehlhausen
Tags: Makers, Python, Arduino, Micropython, Esp32

Start New Project, make it Micro

After it installs (does it require you to restart PyCharms? If so, they’ll certainly tell you that), we’re ready to start our MicroPython Project! Goto File>New Project and name your project whatever you feel like. I chose the wonderful name MicroTest, but it literally doesn’t matter. Have some fun, perhaps. If you expand the only expandable thing on this page, the project interpreter, you’ll (hopefully) see the automatic detection of the python installation from before. You don’t need to do anything else except marvel at your computer prowess, and then click CREATE. You made a python project!

Let’s make it micro so we can run it on our beautiful $3 WiFi dual-core computer. In PyCharm, goto File>Settings>Languages & Frameworks>MicroPython . Check Enable MicroPython support. Select ESP8266 from the drop-down for device type. And, man alive, wouldn’t it be great to hit that DETECT button? Well, turns out that it’s not so great, since it will likely fail to detect your device. Try it out, maybe you’re a lucky fella. If not you need to open Device Manager and find the port yourself. If you forget how to do this, refer to my last article under the section “Make sure your board can be seen on your USB”. Type that COM and # under Device path. Mine is COM4. Press Apply, but leave this window open because….

STILL IN SETTINGS, goto Project:YourName>Project Stucture . Right-click .idea and mark it as Excluded. The files in this .idea folder are specific settings just for PyCharm, and Excluding it prevents these files from being copied to your ESP32, where they would be worthless and take up space. Allow them the honor of purpose and leave them behind.

NOW, you may press OK and close settings.
How to Fix nodemcu/arduino-firebase library not working issue.
By: Bimsara Nanayakkara
Tags: Error Fix, Nodemcu, Firebase, Arduino, Esp8266 Nodemcu

So if you recently tried to work with nodemcu and firebase you must have realized by now that your codes dosen’t compile or upload anymore even though the code is perfectly correct. and while going through the error display, you’ll see that the error is in the firebase-arduino library (https://github.com/FirebaseExtended/firebase-arduino). These libraries are not working as these libraries are not yet updated after firebase sdk update.

So by now you must have probably re installed the libraries but still no luck. right? Well here’s the solution for you.

In your file explorer go to C:\Users\{username}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\firebase-arduino-master\src

Look for a file named FirebaseHttpClient.h and open it with a text editor.

Search for kFirebaseFingerprint[]

Replace the excisting fingerprint with below.

static const char kFirebaseFingerprint[] =

“B6 F5 80 C8 B1 DA 61 C1 07 9D 80 42 D8 A9 1F AF 9F C8 96 7D”;

Save and compile your code as usual and it will work.

If you you’re still getting the error, generate a fingerprint for your self using the below url.

https://www.grc.com/fingerprints.htm

Paste your firebase url

You’ll get a Security Certificate’s Authentic Fingerprint as the result.

Copy it and replace the kFirebaseFingerprint in FirebaseHttpClient.h file. Make sure to remove the colons.
Arduino 介紹與安裝
Tags: Arduino, IoT

Arduino 為一位義大利高科技設計學校教師，因平常所用的微控制器太貴及不好用，故聯合校內訪問學長共同開發一微控制板，而這便是Arduino的誕生由來

那微控制版又是甚麼呢?任何需要過計算的及與電腦互動的皆須透過一簡易工具當作其中的橋梁，將兩者串接起來，而微控制版便是擔任此工作。

市面上有著各種微控製版，例如Linkit、Micro、Arduino等種類，那為甚麼要選擇Arduino?

以下列出幾點Arduino特色：

因為以上幾點，構成了目前Arduino為最為廣泛運用的原型設計平台與長紅於教學領域之中的原因~

以官方來說Arduino共有16種版本的板子可以挑選，以下列出幾塊比較常見的板子

名稱時脈電壓時脈數位輸入(出)類比輸入(出)Uno16MhzATmega3282KB SRAM , 2KB flash146 input, 0 outputDue84MHzAT91SAM3X8E96KB SRAM, 512KB flash5412 input, 2 outputMega16MHzATmega25608KB SRAM, 256KB flash5416 input, 0 outputLeonardo16MHzATmega32u42.5KB SRAM, 32KB flash2012input, 0 outputNano16 MHzATmegal681KB SRAM , 16KB flash148 input 0 outputYun16 MHZATmega32U41KB SRAM , 16KB flash2012 input 0 output

在這次的系列文章之中，我會以UNO這塊板子當作主要的器材進行介紹，而這塊開發版上電壓為5V，數位I/O 最大電流為40mA，擁有20個pin，其中14個是數位腳位，6個是類比輸入腳位，而在14個數位腳位之中，有六個支援PWM(脈波寬度調變)，可將調控後的電力輸出給所連接的元件之中。

從上圖可見，數位與類比腳位的位置是分開的。在電壓輸出部分，有5V跟3.3V可以選擇，且也是有接地端提供連接。腳位之中的數位腳位D0與D1分別經由Tx(傳輸)與Rx(接收)來支援序列傳輸介面。開發版與電腦連接需依靠USB連接阜去進行連接。

經過上面的介紹，應該熟悉了Arduino的硬體部分，接下來進行軟體安裝。並依造相對的系統分別安裝

在Ubuntu 上安裝是相對簡單許多，只需要打打指令就可以了~

在Ubuntu 12.04 或更新的版本，請使用以下指令

如果你有興趣去查看更多內容可以去下面網址查看

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 和 Fedora 17 或更新的版本，請使用以下指令

Mac 的部分，直接前往官網進行下載並解壓縮，拖曳至應用程式資料夾即可

注意Arduino IDE 是以Java 為基礎撰寫，故他會要求你安裝Java，這時候按下同意即可

Windows 的安裝方式，直接前往Microsoft store 找尋Arduino並安裝即可，他依樣需要安裝Java的，他會自動去詢問你要不要安裝

在下載安裝前，切記看到安裝的位元是否與你的位元相同~

Arduino IDE 是使用Java開發的應用程式，可以透過此應用程式去做開發、編程、編譯、上傳程式到開發版之中。在IDE中，你可以看到他擁有主要功能的工具列、檢查編譯結果的終端機，而在右下角將會顯示目前所連接開發版的連接阜

簡單來說，使用IDE開發的Arduino程式便稱為草稿碼。Arduino再編程之後，會產生一個副檔名為.cc的檔案來存檔，並同時產生一個資料夾來存放草稿碼，若你同時使用了其他資源草稿碼的檔案，依樣會放在這資料夾裡面，如標頭黨、函式庫，若要開啟草稿碼，請打開Arduino IDE，檔案中選擇開啟新檔，接下來便會跳出一個新的視窗，你便可以開始進行編程~

Arduino提供了大量的函示庫，供使用者去進行引用，函示庫可以把它當成是一個許多函式的集合，能執行某個元件或其他的任務，而函式庫的位置在草稿碼->匯入程式庫，之中如果你發現你需要的沒有在裡面，也可以自己去新增，按下管理程式庫去線上下載，或是點加入zip檔，進行新增本地端的檔案

或是直接跟C依樣，直接去進行include也是可以的~

範例:

在Arduino IDE 內已經有內建許多的案例庫，可以直接查看並使用，而這部份的範例也是時常會被更新的，而這些程式的撰寫者，多為Arduino社區的愛好者，所編寫的。

他的路徑在檔案->範例，你可以自行去挑選你所喜歡的檔案進行使用，而在一開始，我們會使用範例01中的Blink範例。

/*

Blink

Turns an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly.

Most Arduinos have an on-board LED you can control. On the UNO, MEGA and ZERO

it is attached to digital pin 13, on MKR1000 on pin 6. LED_BUILTIN is set to

the correct LED pin independent of which board is used.

If you want to know what pin the on-board LED is connected to on your Arduino

model, check the Technical Specs of your board at:

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products

modified 8 May 2014

by Scott Fitzgerald

modified 2 Sep 2016

by Arturo Guadalupi

modified 8 Sep 2016

by Colby Newman

This example code is in the public domain.

http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Blink

*/

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board

void setup() {

// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.

pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

}
IoT based Door Security Alarm Project with Blynk
By: Diy Pc Builder
Tags: Arduino, Door Lock Repair Services, Nextpcb, Arduino Projects

In this article we will see how to make a IoT based Door Security Alarm using Blynk.

Today security is one of the prime aspect in our society. Securing our home and family is important.This is a simple but effective door security system.

Parts List

This project requires simple components and modules. These are easily available in the market.

WeMos D1 Mini x 1

Magnetic Door Sensor x 1

Buzzer 5V x 1

Transistor BC547 x 1

Resistor 330Ω x 3

LED x 2

2 Pin Screw connector x 1

Male/Female berg strip x 1 (Each)

Dotted PCB small x 1

If you have a PCB project, you can visit the NEXTPCB website to get exciting discounts and coupons.

Only $0 for 1–4 layer PCB Prototype: https://www.nextpcb.com/pcb-quote

New customer get $100 coupons, register at: https://www.nextpcb.com/register

How it Works?

WeMos D1 Mini wifi module constantly checks the status of magnetic door sensor. If there is a change in door sensor the alarm gets activated and buzzer beeps. IoT based Door Security Alarm will also notify you through your smartphone using blynk app.

There are two modes available to set. You can enable the alarm when you are not at home or when you think it should be enabled.

Alarm ON — In this mode if door is opened buzzer will start beeping and you will be notified via Blynk app.

— In this mode if door is opened buzzer will start beeping and you will be notified via Blynk app. Alarm OFF — In this mode there will be no buzzer beeps neither blynk notification.

Magnetic Door Sensor

Magnetic Door sensor is used to detect the movement of the door. These sensors are available in two types.

Normally Open

Normally Closed

In this project we are using normally open type.

How does Magnetic Door Sensor work?

It’s very very simple.

The electrical circuit is closed when a magnet is near the switch (less than 13 mm (0.5’’) away). When the magnet is far away from the switch, the circuit is open. See the figure below.

WeMos D1 Mini

This wifi module is used to connect with internet and send data to blynk app. This also controls buzzer and Led’s as per the code.

Blynk Setup

Open Blynk app and tap on New Project

Give a name of the Project, Select Device as WeMos D1 Mini, Connection Type Wi-Fi and tap on Create

You will receive an email with Auth Token. Tap on OK

Tap on + Button to add widgets Labeled Value

Add Notification Widget

Add Segmented Switch

Configure Labeled Value Setting as per below

Configure Segmented Switch Setting as per below

Configure Notification Setting as per below

Finally the complete setup

Code

The code is simple and easy to understand. Just update the Auth Token, Network SSID and Password. You can download the code from this link and upload the code in wifi module using Arduino IDE.

Conclusion

IoT based Door Security Alarm is a economical project which can be built by beginners.

This project will help you to interface magnetic door sensor with WeMos D1 Mini. Also you will be able to learn interfacing blynk to make the project IoT based.
This Surf Simulator Features Real Waves
By: Jeremy S. Cook
Tags: Robotics, Surfing, Arduino, Simulator, Surf

While surfing might appear to be a fun pastime, not everyone lives in the right location, or has the proper combination of balance and upper body strength to catch a wave. For busy would-be surfers, however, Lena Strobel, Gabriel Rihaczek, and Guillaume Caussarieu have created a device that bridges the gap between a desk toy and a full-blown surf simulator.

The project uses an oil-water tank to portray waves, lifted up and down by a servo mechanism. This is controlled by an Arduino Uno with an nRF24L01 wireless module, which in turn receives signals from a second Arduino mounted on a wooden surfboard big enough for a person to stand on. The board contains its own Uno and transceiver module, and is curved on the bottom to allow the person on top to tilt it back and forth via body movement. Angle measurement is done through a MMA8452 3-axis accelerometer.

The result is a device that, while it may not exactly simulate riding waves, definitely lets you observe and interact with wave motions. As seen in the video below, it looks like a whole lot of fun!

Interestingly, if you put the wave tank on top of the board it forms a feedback loop, eventually oscillating with greater and greater magnitude. While only a small note on this project, such a setup could possibly take advantage of PID control as seen in this balance-bot to smooth things out.
AUDIO MODULES — USI GLOBAL. Besides engineering and professional…
By: Usi-The Sip Company
Tags: Bluetooth Audio Module, Audio Module, Arduino, Amplifier

AUDIO MODULES — USI GLOBAL

Besides engineering and professional, the fire is hauled to our products. USI Audio team concentrates on electro-acoustic part and provides the solution for customizing special audio expertise for industrial environment like warehousing, manufacturing, transportation and logistics. Our audio solution doesn’t only provide higher loudness performance and longer life cycle than consumer products but also can pass the consumer certificate to meet ETSI global standard. Our acoustic chamber and artificial head measurement system HATS can perform standard test described previously.

USI audio team has the capability to design audio and acoustic guitar Operate in electrical products. For acoustic portion, we could co-work with mechanical team for speaker room design and assembly arrangement to improve acoustic response and distortions. We also combine style in sealing and watertight protection for strengthening product reliability to meet industrial use in warehousing, manufacturing, logistics and transportation. Additionally, USI has the capacity to design acoustic component for specific dimension and module with room and housing with our vendor to meet the important ID design.

For the audio modules system in the rear end, USI has the Acoustic chamber and SoundCheck method to execute component evaluation and device system test to review acoustic frequency response and distortions. In addition, we possess the Universal Radio Communication tester along with artificial head measurement system HATS to execute WWAN audio test that centered on 3GPP TS 26.132 standard, and we utilize CTS three axes probe to check receiver in magnetic intensity to comply FFC HAC T-coil part.

We could shorten debug time and save cost by pre-testing 3GPP and FCC certificate with tool of USI audio laboratory inside to enhance customer confidence. We also co-work using 3rd party lab to perform additional standard test To satisfy international telecommunication’s criteria. Our audio solution not just Provides greater loudness voice and longer life cycle different from consumer Products but also can pass the customer certification.