Gibberellic acid GA3 Supplier & Manufacturer
By: Doraagri Tech
Tags: Pgr, Gibberellic Acid Ga3, Agriculture, Farming, Agrochemicals

1. What is GA3？

An introduction to Plant Growth Regulators, (PGRs)：Gibberellic acid (also called gibberellin A3, GA and GA3) is a hormone found in plants and fungi. After purification, it was a white to light yellow solid.

Gibberellic acid supplier

Plants under normal conditions will produce large amounts of GA3. Microorganisms can be used to industrially produce hormones. Gibberellin is a simple gibberellin, a pentacyclic diterpene acid that promotes cell growth and elongation. If used in small amounts, it will affect the decomposition of plants and help plants grow, but eventually, plants will develop tolerance to it. GA3 stimulates the germinating seeds to produce the cell’s mRNA molecular code hydrolase. Gibberellin is a very effective hormone, and its natural presence in plants controls their development. Since GA regulates growth, the application of very low concentrations will have a profound effect, while too much will have the opposite effect. Usually used in a concentration of 0.01 to 10 mg/L.

GA3 was first identified in Japan in 1926 as a metabolic byproduct of Gibberella Fujii (hence the name), a plant pathogen infested by rice. Plants infected with vine black disease will develop kale (“stupid seedlings”), which causes them to quickly grow beyond their normal adult height. The plant subsequently proposed that it died due to a lack of support.

Gibberellin has many effects on plant development. They can stimulate the rapid growth of stems and roots, induce mitosis in the leaves of certain plants, and increase the germination rate of seeds.

Gibberellin is sometimes used in laboratories and greenhouses to initiate the germination of seeds, otherwise, the seeds will remain dormant. It is also widely used in the viticulture industry as a hormone to induce the production of larger bunches and larger grapes, especially Thompson seedless grapes. In the Okanagan and Creston valleys, it is also used as a growth regulator in the cherry industry. It is used for citrus, otherwise, it may cross-pollinate with other citrus species and produce bad seeds. Spraying it as a spray directly on flowers can make citrus crops produce complete seedless fruits.

GA3 is widely used in the barley malting industry. After the soaking process is complete, spray the GA solution on the barley. This stimulates the growth of grains that are originally partially dormant and produces a uniform and rapid growth.

2. How does GA3 work？

Gibberellins (GAs) have the ability to promote budding and flower formation in long-day plants and biennial plants under conditions that normally do not allow flowering, which helps people realize that these compounds may act as endogenous growth regulators. The budding response obtained in species such as Hyoscyamus niger is one of the most striking effects of applying GA to plants.

Although grafting experiments show that LD and SD plants contain a common irritant substance, GA3 is still used in short-day (SD) plants. Although GA3 has played a role in flowering in a limited number of species, GA is clearly not a universal flowering stimulant. In some species, such as the LD grass family Lolium temulentum, there is convincing evidence that it acts as a mobile signal that transmits photoperiod flowering stimuli, while in other species, it appears to affect flower budding. It has no effect. In many perennials, it inhibits flowering. In Arabidopsis facultative LD and cold-responsive species, GA3 is one of the four interaction pathways for flower induction, but it is not clear to what extent GA mediates the environment. The input for this response. Although the flowering effect of GAs may be species-specific, their function in flower development is much more common and may be universal. The involvement of GA in the initiation and development of flowers was discussed at the physiological and molecular levels, which was mainly obtained from the cooperation with Arabidopsis and a few other species. During the development of seeds or fruits, GA also plays an important role. The latest advances in our understanding of GA biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways.

3. Benefits of GA3

The effects of root applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and photosynthesis of 12 species of plants including C3 monocots (wheat, barley and oat), C3 dicots (mung bean, squash and pepper), C4 monocots (corn, sorghum and millet) and C4 dicots (pigweed,kochia and gomphrena) were evaluated. Relative growth rates (RGR) of barley, oat, squash, pepper, corn, sorghum, millet, pigweed and kochia were increased above the control by 12.7%, 9.9%, 11.3%, 10.7%, 19.2% 10.1%, 11.5%, 16.4% and 32.7% respectively, four days following optimum GA3 treatments. There was no effect of GA3 on RGR in wheat, mung bean, and gomphrena.

Gibberellic acid decreased the chlorophyll content expressed on an area basis by 20.0%, 13.9%, 20.9%, 17.1%, 11.9% and 28.0% in barley, squash, pepper, sorghum, pigweed and kochia, respectively, while that of oat, wheat, mung bean, corn, millet and gomphrena remained unchanged.

When photosynthetic rates were expressed per mg of chlorophyll, it showed that GA3 could stimulate photosynthesis in barley, squash, pepper, sorghum, millet, pigweed and kochia by 20.4%, 20.6%, 16.5%, 17.4%, 10.4%, 24.2%, and 29.4%; while there was no effect in oat, wheat, mung bean, corn and gomphrena. An increase in leaf blade area and/or length of sheath were observed in GA3 treated plants of oat, barley, mung bean, squash, pepper, corn, sorghum, millet and kochia. The transpiration rate remained unchanged following GA3 treatment in all 12 species.

1.Improving citrus quality using gibberellic acid：

Gibberellic acid (GA) is used in citrus orchards to manipulate flowering and fruit development and reduce the incidence and/or severity of some physiological disorders that occur due to environmental conditions. Its effectiveness depends on application at the right concentration and right times.

Gibberellic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring hormone or growth-regulating chemical that is found to varying degrees in all parts of plants.GA stimulates both cell division and elongation and has been used to manipulate flowering and fruit development in selected horticultural crops for many years.

2.Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Leaf Lettuce：

Growth and biomass accumulation of leaf lettuce and rocket plants were influenced by GA3 level in the nutrient solution of a hydroponic floating system. The highest rate of GA3 (10−4 M) had a negative impact on the crops as it strongly modified their morphology so that they lose marketability before harvest. Below this level, the presence of GA3 in the MNS was effective as a plant growth promoter and yield enhancer, especially at 10−6 M GA3.

Various morphological and physiological traits were enhanced by GA3 treatments (biomass accumulation, leaf expansion, stomatal conductance, WUE, NUE, etc.), with similar trends registered for both lettuce and rocket. The addition of 10−6 M GA3 to the nutrient solution of a hydroponic floating system can promote the growth and quality of lettuce and rocket plants.

4. Why choose Gibberellic Acid?

The main use of sprayed or dipped gibberellin (GA3, unless otherwise specified) is to manage fruit crops, make malted barley, and increase sugar production in sugar cane. In some crops, it is desirable to reduce the height, which can be achieved by using a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor.

Fruit production. The main purpose of gibberellin is to increase the stem length of seedless grapes. Due to the short stems of individual fruits and the tight clusters of seedless grapes, the growth of berries is restricted. Gibberellin can stimulate the stem to grow, thereby reducing the firmness, so that the grapes grow and promote the elongation of the fruit.

The mixture of benzyl adenine and GA4 + GA7 can cause apple fruit to elongate, and under certain conditions is used to improve the shape of delicious apples. Although this treatment does not affect yield or taste, it is considered commercially desirable.

Among citrus fruits, gibberellin can delay senescence, so that the fruit can stay on the tree longer, thereby extending the time to market.

5. When is GA3 suitable for use？

It is more effective to apply gibberellic acid to plants through infusion into a growth media than it is through an aqueous spray onto the young seedlings.

Concentrations of approximately 50 mg/L to 100 mg/L are most effective in increasing plant growth. Planting PKL1–1 mutant seeds on these two concentrations of gibberellic acid infused agar was able to completely reverse the effects of the gene mutation.

6. FAQ of GA3

1. Can you revive old flower seeds for germination?

If they’ve been stored in a cool place: YES. Seeds are coated with a gel-like substance so what’s inside stays there until they come in contact with water and if conditions are right they germinate.

What’s inside: A tiny bit of oil is in each seed (that’s the REAL source of petroleum). If your seeds don’t contain oil they won’t grow plants.

2. Can we use dilute HCl as a solvent to dissolve gibberellic acid?

Gibbeleric acid is less soluble in diluted acids than in water. An approach to dissolve the acid would be, to use a diluted base, or directly the sodium salt and after dissolution buffer the solution to the target value.

3. What is the proper dose of gibberellic acid to use when germinating seeds?

You would want to use somewhere between 50 and 100 ppm GA3, but note that it may be important to satisfy other environmental facts as well to obtain a predictable response.

4. Why do plants change gender?

Plants like cucumber have male and female (unsexual) flowers on the plant.

The application of hormones like gibberellic acid and cytokinins can influence the sex of developing flowers.

Gibberellic acid was associated with male sex expression whereas cytokinins found to be associated with female sexual expression.

However 6-Benzyl adenine was found to induce hermaphrodite flowers.