Date: 201907
Local time of day: 1801-2400
Location: HEF.Airport, VA
Flight conditions: VMC
Light: Night
Aircraft: Commercial Fixed Wing
Operator: Corporate
Operating under: Part 135
Flight plan: IFR
Mission: Passenger
Flight phase: Final Approach
Airspace: Class D HEF
ATC / advisory: Tower HEF
Reporter organization: Corporate
Reporter function: First Officer; Pilot Not Flying
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Commercial; Flight Crew Instrument
Human factors: Communication Breakdown
Anomaly: Deviation - Track / Heading All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural FAR; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance
Detector: Person Flight Crew
When detected: In-flight
Result: Air Traffic Control Issued New Clearance; Flight Crew Returned To Clearance
Contributing factors: Human Factors
Primary problem: Human Factors

Narrative: Night time Visual Approach into Class D Airspace at HEF with multiple light aircraft in the pattern. Sky clear with good visibility. Main Problem: Noncompliance of the pilot flying with ATC instructions in a crewed environment. First Issue: Communicating with Potomac Approach 128.52. I ([FO/PM] First Officer/Pilot Monitoring) read back a 'direct to' clearance to the airport at approximately 12nm distance from the field. Relayed the instruction to the Captain (Pilot Flying). Capt. did not comply and began heading for a fix on the final approach course for the ILS 16L. Suggested to the Captain that he head direct to the airport and the Capt. complied. Called the airport in sight within 10nm and we were cleared for the visual approach by Potomac. Second Issue: Handed off to Manassas (HEF) tower 133.1. Tower cleared us for a right base to RWY 16L. Captain did not comply and entered an extended right downwind. Tower cleared us to land RWY 16L. Tower contacted us a few moments later; sounding confused and advised that we were heading North and away from the field. Tower asked if we had the airport in sight. I replied and stated we were setting up for the approach. Tower re-cleared us to enter a 5-mile final for RWY 16L and stated we were now number two for landing. Third Issue: Capt. did not comply for a third time with ATC instruction and headed direct for the airport. I firmly prompted the Capt. to square up his approach and set up for the 5 mile final. Tower contacted us once more; still sounding confused; telling us to square up our base to final; stating that we were proceeding inbound; and to report the 4 mile final. Captain finally somewhat squared off his base; although it was more of an angled entry to the final approach course. Tower reminded us that we were still cleared to land on RWY 16L. I called tower at a 4 mile final. Aircraft landed without incident. Note: Captain's neglect to follow standard procedures and ATC instruction was cause for concern. I did not take control of the aircraft as my monitoring of TCAS; radio; and visual scan for traffic lead me to believe we were not in imminent danger. I am filing this report to state that I do not support the Capt's lackadaisical attitude and lack of professional courtesy to the tower and other aircraft in the pattern. I complied with ATC procedures as best I could in my role as FO/PM. Confirmed all of the above radio communications with ATC via recordings on LiveATC.net. Corrective Actions: 1. Ensure I am conveying ATC's instructions effectively through standard call outs; terminology; and clear vocal communication. 2. To speak up sooner rather than later to aid in the crew's overall situational awareness.




Synopsis: Corporate First Officer reported Captain's neglect to follow standard procedures; ATC instructions; and CRM principles.