Date: 202107
Local time of day: 1801-2400
Location: ZZZ.Airport, US
Flight conditions: VMC
Weather elements / visibility: Haze; 5
Light: Daylight
Aircraft: Skyhawk 172/Cutlass 172
Operator: Personal
Operating under: Part 91
Flight plan: VFR
Mission: Personal; Other Solo pattern
Flight phase: Final Approach
Airspace: Class D ZZZ
ATC / advisory: Tower ZZZ
Second aircraft: Bombardier Learjet Undifferentiated or Other Model
Reporter organization: Personal
Reporter function: Instructor
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Flight Instructor; Flight Crew Commercial
Human factors: Situational Awareness; Communication Breakdown; Confusion; Training / Qualification
Anomaly: ATC Issue All Types; Conflict Airborne Conflict; Conflict NMAC; Deviation - Track / Heading All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Inflight Event / Encounter Aircraft
Detector: Person Air Traffic Control
When detected: In-flight
Result: Air Traffic Control Provided Assistance; Air Traffic Control Separated Traffic; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Contributing factors: Human Factors; Procedure
Primary problem: Human Factors

Narrative: Student pilot went for second solo in ZZZ Delta Airspace. During the second lap in the pattern; the student pilot was told to extend upwind followed by instructions to make left traffic. In the left downwind; ATC told the student pilot to make right 360's and after two right 360s he was required to extend downwind as well. At this time the student pilot may have become disoriented and misheard a communication from ATC where he began to turn left base where the near miss happened with a Lear Jet on Final for Runway XX. ATC told the Learjet to go around and evasive action was taken to avoid a collision. After the Learjet passed over head ATC gave the student pilot a right base to final for Runway XX and that was to a full stop. I believe ATC didn't really treat my student as a priority when the number of aircraft on the ground and in the airspace increased. I would have liked ATC to have taken more consideration for a student pilot. Having a student pilot extend upwind to almost outside the Delta followed by asking him to make multiple right 360s on downwind; followed by the making him to extend downwind all in one traffic pattern could throw a seasoned pilot off and cause a problem to stir.


Second narrative: Aircraft Y Was Cleared to land on Runway XX. Aircraft X student pilot solo was making 360s abeam the numbers for Runway XX. Aircraft X was instructed out of the 360 to rejoin the downwind for Runway XX. I noticed that Aircraft X was heading towards the final. For Runway XX. I questioned Aircraft X to verify that he was remaining south of the center line for Runway XX. I then sent Aircraft X Around to stop his descent. With ground construction there are very complex taxi instructions. With a growing level of traffic. Student pilot solo should have be made a full stop (to come back [at] a less busy time). Additional positions should have been opened up to reduce workload and complexity.


Synopsis: Flight Instructor reported that his student pilot was soloing in the traffic pattern they became confused and failed to follow multiple instructions from ATC; resulting in a NMAC and causing a Learjet to perform a go around.