Date: 202010
Local time of day: 0601-1200
Location: P08.Airport, AZ
Flight conditions: VMC
Light: Daylight
Aircraft: Small Aircraft; High Wing; 1 Eng; Fixed Gear
Operating under: Part 91
Flight plan: None
Mission: Training
Flight phase: Landing
Airspace: Class E ZAB
ATC / advisory: CTAF P08
Second aircraft: Small Aircraft; High Wing; 1 Eng; Fixed Gear
Reporter function: Instructor; Pilot Flying
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Commercial; Flight Crew Flight Instructor; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Multiengine
Human factors: Communication Breakdown; Confusion; Situational Awareness; Training / Qualification
Anomaly: Conflict NMAC; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy
Detector: Person Flight Crew
When detected: In-flight
Result: Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Contributing factors: Human Factors
Primary problem: Human Factors

Narrative: My student and I were performing TOLs [Take Off and Landings] at Coolidge on the morning of Month; date; when the pattern was relatively light. At that time; there were two other aircraft in the pattern executing touch and goes for Runway 23. At some point; Aircraft Y flew in on what may have been the GPS approach. I am not sure Aircraft Y made any calls on his way in. There were a few planes lining up on that approach and their call may have been lost with the others. I was watching my ADS-B and noticed this aircraft had gone 'missed' on 23 and began a 45 degree turn toward downwind. My initial thought was that they were probably offsetting. However; their course did not change. This was extremely unsettling because we were on downwind. By the time I put this all together (a few seconds); I realized that I could not get a visual fix on the aircraft. Why? Because they were on a direct collision course with us as they climbed up through my student's download leg (which was perfect; according to her). I noticed Aircraft X's altitude; which I believe was -200 from us; looked out again and saw them coming right at us. 'My controls'; power out and dive. I dropped us 400ft out of our pattern altitude. I believe this was the safest thing to do. I do not think I would have been able to safely out climb them and it was clear that they were oblivious to our presence. The aircraft passed over us at 2600 (right where we would have been). I cannot place myself in the mindset of the pilot; but what would possess a pilot or an instructor to fly into an established downwind pattern going the wrong way?ADS-B may have played a direct role in preventing a potentially fatal accident. Without ADS-B; the probability of making visual contact with Aircraft Y when the aircraft was angled at us and climbing was low. Knowing this makes me cringe a little when I think about the number of aircraft out there without this technology installed. Collision avoidance is not just about the skill level of the 'other guy'. There needs to be a moment of self reflection about what we do out there. Understanding that fact has given me pause about going back to P08 until I am able to justify the risks of being in an airspace with consistently unpredictable traffic. I am currently not able to convince myself that the risks are worth it. I can safely practice TOLs at Gateway; Chandler; or even (if one is cautious) Eloy. After about two more landings; my student and I decided to leave the pattern as more planes were joining from opposite directions on approaches. We came home to ZZZ where it was a busy; but safe environment. If I eventually decide to go back to that zoo for VFR flying I will do so with extra vigilance.




Synopsis: Flight Instructor reports a near Mid Air collision in non ATC controlled traffic pattern.