Date: 202010
Local time of day: 1801-2400
Location: ZZZ.ARTCC, US
Flight conditions: IMC
Weather elements / visibility: Icing
Aircraft: Small Aircraft; Low Wing; 1 Eng; Fixed Gear
Operator: Personal
Operating under: Part 91
Flight plan: IFR
Mission: Personal
Flight phase: Cruise
Airspace: Class E ZZZ
ATC / advisory: Center ZZZ
Reporter organization: Government
Reporter function: Enroute
Reporter qualification: Air Traffic Control Fully Certified
Human factors: Time Pressure; Workload
Anomaly: ATC Issue All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy; Inflight Event / Encounter Loss Of Aircraft Control; Inflight Event / Encounter CFTT / CFIT; Inflight Event / Encounter Weather / Turbulence
Detector: Person Air Traffic Control; Person Flight Crew
When detected: In-flight
Result: Air Traffic Control Provided Assistance; Air Traffic Control Issued New Clearance; Air Traffic Control Issued Advisory / Alert; Air Traffic Control Separated Traffic; Flight Crew Requested ATC Assistance / Clarification
Contributing factors: Airspace Structure; Chart Or Publication; Human Factors; Procedure; Weather
Primary problem: Weather

Narrative: I took over from the previous controller who didn't build what I considered enough space for the ZZZ1 arrivals. I started vectoring and building space between them. I had a lot of other things going on with most of the aircraft in the sectors needing approach services and help with rides icing. Aircraft X was overflying the ZZZZZ mountain range and ZZZ2 which is the IAF (Initial Approach Fix) for the active runway at ZZZ1. He was picking up ice so I tried to climb him out of the conditions. He came back and said that he couldn't continue the climb to 17000 ft. and would need to go back down to 15000 ft. He then had said he needed lower and I told him I had opposite direction traffic at 14000 ft. so if he needed lower I would need to turn him to the south. He said okay so I turned him to a 160 heading and gave him 14000 ft. He then said 'I stalled' and I noticed he began a rapid descent. I still had other aircraft and did a quick traffic scan and thought he was in a dive to regain airspeed to pull out of the stall. I thought the most helpful transmission I could give was to tell him what my MIA (Minimum IFR Altitude) in the area was so if he was IMC he would know roughly what altitude he would impact the ground so he could plan his stall recovery dive accordingly. I decided in that moment to say only that and not use radio time/overwhelm him with the low altitude alert. I also wanted to leave the frequency open so he could make any requests like is there a road nearby to crash on or ask for a pilots assistance or recommendations. I thought he had seconds to a minute to live and felt like I needed to leave the frequency open. I also looked around for a topographical map of the ZZZ1 area which has disappeared or our atlas which is hard to locate so if he made a request of where the lowest possible terrain area or roads were. He pulled out of the dive; came back up on frequency; mentioned he didn't want to climb back into the clouds so I instructed him that I couldn't leave home IFR under the MIA. I asked if he was VMC; he said yes so I quickly gave him the option of canceling IFR and switching to VFR flight following so he could stay below the clouds and remain clear of ice. He lived.




Synopsis: Center Controller reported an aircraft experienced icing; stalled; and could not maintain altitude. Aircraft recovered below the Minimum IFR Altitude.