Date: 202006
Local time of day: 0601-1200
Location: ZZZ.Tower, US
Flight conditions: Marginal
Weather elements / visibility: Turbulence
Light: Daylight
Aircraft: Challenger 300
Operator: Air Carrier
Operating under: Part 121
Flight plan: IFR
Mission: Passenger
Flight phase: Initial Approach
Airspace: Class D ZZZ
ATC / advisory: Tower ZZZ
Reporter organization: Air Carrier
Reporter function: First Officer; Pilot Flying
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP); Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Multiengine
Human factors: Time Pressure; Workload
Anomaly: Deviation - Speed All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy; Inflight Event / Encounter Loss Of Aircraft Control; Inflight Event / Encounter Weather / Turbulence
Detector: Person Flight Crew
When detected: Pre-flight
Result: Air Traffic Control Provided Assistance; Flight Crew Diverted; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action; Flight Crew Requested ATC Assistance / Clarification; Flight Crew Overcame Equipment Problem; Flight Crew Executed Go Around / Missed Approach
Contributing factors: Human Factors; Weather
Primary problem: Weather

Narrative: CL-300 First Officer reported an uneventful diversion after attempting two weather challenging mountainous airport approaches.While on approach to ZZZ on the LOC DME-E for Runway XX we were encountering deteriorating conditions of turbulence; wind; and mist; obscuring our view to the airport. The ceiling was above us at this point but the mist had started increasing preventing our view of the airport. This was somewhere between ZZZZZ and ZZZZY on the approach when we decided it was no longer safe to continue the approach due to the turbulence and visibility and to proceed to our alternate. During the entire time of the approach to ZZZ Tower was reporting good weather with light winds and no rain at the field and our Weather radar was not depicting any weather between us and the airport. We proceeded to ZZZ1; for our alternate as we had flown near the airport on our approach to ZZZ and could visually identify the field and the turbulence was less in that area at that time. We gathered the ATIS and found light winds and good visibility at ZZZ1 so we set up for the approach and proceded to ZZZZA on the LDA Runway XY approach. Proceeding inbound while fully configured for landing between ZZZZB and ZZZZC about 10;000 MSL on the approach the turbulence increased rapidly. At this time the airport was in sight; no weather indicated on the radar and tops of clouds about 1000 ft. above us. Airspeed had instantly decreased so much to have the stick shaker activate and stall announce. At that time I called for a go around and flaps 10 as throttles were increased to max power. About a 60 degree plus left bank ensued as I fought for control in severe turbulence. As we fought to go around winds were very unstable and caused an overspeed with flaps in transit to being retracted. Airspeed fluctuated around 40 kts with no corresponding throttle input. In VMC I had elected to deviate from the published missed approach procedure as it would have taken us along the same path that we encountered the severe turbulence; so I proceeded to continue a left turn and recover the aircraft while maintaining visual ground contact and also gaining altitude. Once the aircraft was stable we picked up a clearance to ZZZ2 for a divert. We inquired with the passengers to make sure they were all OK and they were. We flew the published arrival and approach with no issues although the winds were strong at 40 kts there as well. Once we got out the ground we notified Operations; [Chief Pilot]; Maintenance what had happened. Jet is not awaiting inspection by Maintenance.I believe even though the weather at ZZZ and ZZZ1 on the ground were reporting good conditions there was a line of weather to the west of us that had been creating very windy conditions over the mountain passes which caused the turbulence and violent wind changes on our approaches. It almost seemed like we were caught in a microburst condition however it was not one I was familiar with because there was no rain shaft or discernible thunderstorm associated with it. We did not even get a WINDSHEAR callout in the jet either. We had been monitoring the weather all day utilizing all our assets with foreflight weather; ATIS; METARs PIREPs and TAFs for the region and made the decision to continue with the belief the weather would have been good enough to land and have an hour to spare before the rain and thunderstorms moved in. I'd suggest if flying to a mountainous location like ZZZ or ZZZ1 to have an alternate somewhere out of the same valley the airports are in. We made the decision to try zzz1 because it was our alternate and when we flew close by the weather did not seem bad at that time. 15 minutes later when we attempted the approach the weather at altitude had caught up to us further north and gave us the trouble.




Synopsis: CL-300 First Officer reported an uneventful diversion after attempting two weather challenging mountainous airport approaches.