Date: 201905
Local time of day: 0001-0600
Location: ZZZ.Airport, US
Flight conditions: VMC
Aircraft: B757-200
Operator: Air Carrier
Operating under: Part 121
Flight plan: IFR
Mission: Cargo / Freight / Delivery
Flight phase: Taxi
Airspace: Class B ZZZ
ATC / advisory: Ground ZZZ
Second aircraft: Commercial Fixed Wing
Reporter organization: Air Carrier
Reporter function: First Officer
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP); Flight Crew Instrument
Human factors: Situational Awareness; Confusion; Communication Breakdown
Second reporter function: First Officer; Pilot Flying
Anomaly: ATC Issue All Types; Conflict Ground Conflict; Less Severe; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy; Ground Incursion Runway; Ground Incursion Taxiway
Detector: Person Flight Crew
When detected: Taxi
Contributing factors: Human Factors
Primary problem: Human Factors

Narrative: After landing on RWY XYL and clearing to [taxiway 2]; we were instructed to taxi on [taxiway 2] and hold short of [taxiway 3]. There was a lot of other traffic on the radio and in the vicinity of [these] taxiways. When approaching [taxiway 4]; the Captain and I both heard the following instruction; 'Aircraft X cross runway XX and go straight in to spot X on [taxiway 2] without delay; traffic is on 2 mile final.' I repeated back those instructions. There was no other radio call to or from our aircraft. We continued taxiing without stopping; but did not immediately push power up to accelerate due to an aircraft clearing [taxi 2] onto [taxiway 4]. Once that aircraft was clear we accelerated. There was also an aircraft we were following across runway XX into spot X; but that aircraft was well ahead and already crossing as best as we could tell. As we approached [taxiway 3]; the Captain and I both noticed an aircraft taxiing from our left on [taxiway3] who appeared to not be slowing or turning off their taxi light which would have indicated they were stopping for us. I pointed this out by saying 'they don't look like they are stopping.' As soon as I said this; they did stop and turn off their taxi light. We continued to expeditiously cross runway XX while watching the aircraft on final and the aircraft ahead into spot X. The Captain and I both voiced concern that it was going to be close with regard to the aircraft on final however; we were committed to the crossing and proceeded. We noticed the aircraft perform a go around as we were clearing. The Captain expressed disappointment that we caused that aircraft to perform a go around. As we were pulling into spot X we were told to contact tower. There was a lot of confusion regarding ramp tower; ZZZ tower; and ground. We proceeded to our parking spot and were given a phone number to call tower when able. The Captain called the tower and passed his information which was requested after we arrived.As best as we could tell we were given clear instructions which I clearly read back to the ground controller. The Captain; myself; and our jump seater who was in the cockpit all heard that Aircraft X was instructed to cross XX without delay. However; looking back; there were indicators that we should have stopped and clarified the instructions or their intent. First; the ground controller said 'without delay' while we needed to wait for an aircraft to clear our path at taxiway Bravo; the Sierra/Bravo intersection is far from rwy XX and this didn't really make sense. Second; the aircraft from our left on Alpha was slightly distracting since they appeared they may not be stopping for us. This indicates that they may have expected us to still be holding short of Alpha on Sierra. Lastly; when we were approaching XX and gaining speed to comply with the 'without delay' instruction we could have; even though it would have been a very aggressive braking application; stopped the aircraft when we noticed how close the aircraft on final was to landing. Additionally; it was not evident until after the fact that there was an Aircraft Y [nearly identical call sign] ahead of us also crossing XX into spot X.The crew could have recognized the indicators that were apparent looking back at the event that the instructions may not have been for us. If in doubt it is better to stop/hold position and clarify. We could have not let the controller's 'without delay' instruction; while we were still fairly far from the runway; lead us to be too hasty and not react to other indicators that were telling us to stop. We were not aware of the closeness of the aircraft on final until we were already committed to the crossing.


Second narrative: I was pilot flying with the autopilot disconnected. We were cleared a visual approach and cleared to land Rwy XX. At approximately 150 ft AGL; I saw an aircraft taxiing north towards Runway XX with lights on. It was moving fast enough that it clearly was not going to hold short of the runway. As that aircraft crossed the hold short line I initiated a go around. A second later the tower called and directed us to 'discontinue approach.' We completed the go around and were vectored for another visual approach.After the Captain spoke with the tower supervisor after landing we learned that an aircraft followed runway crossing instructions issued to the aircraft in front of them with a similar call sign.If the taxiing aircraft had cleared final visually; they would have seen us on short final because we were very close with all the landing lights on in visual conditions. Tower/ground should have clarified runway crossing or hold short instructions for aircraft with similar call signs. I would also mention that tower directed us to 'discontinue approach along with heading and altitude' as we were crossing threshold. I believe a loud and directive 'Go Around aircraft on runway' would have been more appropriate. But I understand it was a very alarming situation and tower was as shocked as we were to see the runway incursion.


Synopsis: B757-200 flight crew reported misinterpreted taxi instructions for another aircraft with a similar call sign; causing a runway incursion.