Date: 202109
Local time of day: 1201-1800
Location: ZZZ.Airport, US
Flight conditions: VMC
Weather elements / visibility: 10
Aircraft: Small Aircraft; High Wing; 1 Eng; Fixed Gear
Operator: Personal
Operating under: Part 91
Flight plan: VFR
Mission: Personal
Flight phase: Cruise
Airspace: Class E ZZZ1
ATC / advisory: TRACON ZZZ2
Reporter organization: Personal
Reporter function: Pilot Flying
Human factors: Distraction; Situational Awareness
Anomaly: Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural FAR; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy; Ground Event / Encounter Ground Equipment Issue; Inflight Event / Encounter Other / Unknown
Detector: Person Flight Crew
When detected: In-flight
Result: Flight Crew Landed in Emergency Condition; Flight Crew Requested ATC Assistance / Clarification
Contributing factors: Human Factors
Primary problem: Human Factors

Narrative: At ZZZ1 I departed Runway XX in VFR conditions; with a 4-ft. fiberglass ladder used at the fueling station; accidentally hanging from my right main landing gear. The takeoff was notable [at a] less-than-ideal climb performance of 95 kt. but more than adequate. Then; while cruising at approximately 3;500 ft.; I noticed cruise speed to be below ideal; approximately 109 kt. where 135 kt. was expected and the autopilot trim more forward than usual. I figured the right wheel pant might have come loose and was hanging at an angle making it less aerodynamic; resulting in the diminished cruise performance. I was able to directly visualize the elevator; both Left and Right sides; and did not notice any abnormalities. To get a better view from the pilot's seat without removing my seat belt; I used my cell phone to take a picture out of the right copilot's window of the right main landing gear and noted the dented wheel pant and a small ladder hanging from the right main landing gear. I did not attempt to slow nor speed up nor any maneuvers to attempt to shake the ladder free. The plane was in stable flight and [in] no imminent danger. I was concerned the ladder might come loose and fall; causing injury on the ground. I was in radio contact with ZZZ2 Approach; notified them of the situation; squawked 7700; and headed directly to ZZZ; my home airport which was approximately 14 minutes away. The descent and approach pattern and landing to ZZZ Runway XY were uneventful. I taxied directly to the ramp to park and tie down. Aside from cosmetic damage to the right wheel pant and the landing strut cover; no other damage was noted. The ladder in question was easily removed using only my hands; as it had only hooked onto the landing gear strut.Recalling filling up with fuel at ZZZ1; I took note of the short green ladder used to fuel my aircraft. It was awkward to stand on top of the ladder and fuel. I had taxied to the fuel pump on the left side. Filled left tank first; then right tank. After retrieving the fuel hose and grounding wire back to the pump area; I was walking back to the plane to retrieve the ladder in front of the right wing; but was distracted by a small piece of paper - a fuel receipt from a prior pilot - which I picked up [and] walked over to the trash can which was behind and to the left of the aircraft [at an] approximately 8 o'clock position. As I walked back to the plane; my view of the ladder was blocked by the fuselage and I forgot about the ladder. Though I was conscientious enough to remove a small piece of litter from the taxiway; that piece of paper had disrupted my usual flow and preflight walk-around.Startup was normal and as I started to taxi; I may have noted a very brief soft clang of plastic or light metal; which I believed sounded like a loose wheel pant bracket on the right side; which has happened many times before for both right and left wheel pants and usually required only a small adjustment or a replacement bracket. The noise was louder with throttle up vibration but extinguished with low idle and rolling smoothly; there was no vibration from the right landing gear. But with the loud engine noises of taxi and noise-canceling headphones; the audible signals were very faint and overall unremarkable to me. The plane rolled and taxied normally so I did not shut down the plane to get out and inspect the gear as I had just done so at the fueling station a few minutes earlier.The short 4-ft. green fiberglass ladder made it easier to miss as viewing it was blocked by the plane's fuselage when approaching from the left/pilot's side; and was not visible from the pilot's seat. It was green in color and not a bright red or yellow color - which are also popular colors - which made it less visually notable against a green grassy background of the taxiways. Perhaps a recommendation of a bright colored ladder could help avoid this in the future. Pre-flight walk-around distraction of a small piece of litter disrupted my usual preflight walk-around routine and the essential item of removing the ladder was overlooked. I appreciate how preflight distractions should be consciously minimized so a normal routine and flow are maintained and essential checklist items not overlooked. I've dedicated myself to avoid distractions during procedures like preflight walk-around in the future. I did not attempt any abrupt maneuvers nor unusual attitudes to shake the ladder free as it might fall back; damaging the right elevator; or fall from the sky; causing injury on the ground. I did not attempt anything outside my usual scope of piloting; which might have made a situation worse. Though questionably an in-flight emergency; I maximized the utilization of all resources available to me; including immediately advising ATC of my concerns and diverting immediately to an airport where fire and rescue services would be readily available. I had considered the right landing gear might have been damaged or the tire [was] flat; and had planned to land softly on the right gear first and perform an immediate go-around if I felt an abnormality during touchdown; which I did not. So; I performed a normal landing without incident.Discussion with Operation's Manager - he recommended and I agree; it may have been prudent to have circled the airport or go to a hold; pending fire/rescue to get into position for the landing; as they did not arrive at the airport until after I had already landed and taxied to the ramp. Though the time from advising ATC to touchdown was approximately 20 minutes; ZZZ Operations claimed they had only about 10 minutes notice before I landed. Perhaps earlier notification of rescue resources could be facilitated to allow ample time for these resources to be in place at landing; rather than having an aircraft pilot have to circle or hold pending their getting into their positions. After landing; I was taxied immediately from Runway XY and back to the ramp. It may have been prudent to have parked and shut down there on the taxiway to avoid dragging the ladder or damaging landing gear along the long taxiways; which then required Operations to have to inspect the runway and taxiways for FOD on a more expansive runway environment; adding to the risk of FOD hazarding subsequent flights on those taxiways.




Synopsis: Pilot reported taking off with a ladder hanging off the right main landing gear.