Date: 201206
Local time of day: 1201-1800
Location: MSN.Airport, WI
Flight conditions: VMC
Light: Daylight
Aircraft: Medium Transport; Low Wing; 2 Turbojet Eng
Operator: Air Carrier
Operating under: Part 121
Flight plan: IFR
Mission: Passenger
Flight phase: Taxi
ATC / advisory: Ground MSN
Reporter organization: Air Carrier
Reporter function: Pilot Not Flying; First Officer
Reporter qualification: Flight Crew Commercial
Human factors: Time Pressure; Situational Awareness; Confusion; Communication Breakdown
Second reporter function: Pilot Flying; Captain
Anomaly: Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Ground Incursion Runway
Detector: Person Air Traffic Control; Person Flight Crew
When detected: Taxi
Result: Air Traffic Control Issued New Clearance; Flight Crew Became Reoriented; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action; Flight Crew Requested ATC Assistance / Clarification; Flight Crew Executed Go Around / Missed Approach
Contributing factors: Airport; Chart Or Publication; Environment - Non Weather Related; Procedure
Primary problem: Ambiguous

Narrative: While beginning taxi from our gate; we approached L5 exit to join Taxiway Alpha. ATC issued a clearance to hold short approach end Runway 3 on Alpha. At that time; I read back the clearance as we were beginning the turn from L5 onto Alpha southbound. I was looking to the right briefly to clear the turning area (this occurred while reading back the hold short instruction); I did not see any markings on the taxiway while looking to the south ahead of the turn; I then looked down to my 10-9 chart to see if the hold area was charted (it was not) I then quickly oriented myself with the probable location of the hold short area on Taxiway Alpha. As I looked up; we had already completed the turn and were on Taxiway Alpha. A second later; the Captain (while stopping the airplane) asked if I saw the hold short lines. I was looking ahead the aircraft; did not see any such lines or markings and stated that to the Captain. I was about to query ATC; however they asked if we had taxied past the line; I told Ground Control we weren't sure. We were then cleared to continue our taxi to Runway 36. Late ATC clearance and not realizing knowing the hold short line was in such close proximity to L5 on Alpha. I would suggest moving L5 north by about 100 FT would help. It appears as the aircraft completes the turn the approach end marking are about 15 yards south of the taxiway entrance.


Second narrative: I was the Captain taxiing the aircraft and looked left for traffic southbound on a then right for traffic and a fuel truck at L6. I then glanced at my airport diagram as the First Officer was reading back the clearance and never saw the Runway 03 Approach Critical area hold short. As I looked up a marker was passing out my window and I asked the First Officer what it was and he said he didn't see it. At that point I stopped the aircraft. Ground called and asked if we passed the Runway 03 approach critical area hold short and the First Officer replied; 'We don't know. Where is it?' The Ground Controller said we had just passed it. Said he was sending the aircraft on approach to Runway 03 around. I asked if I needed to call him or fill out paperwork and he stated; no; that everything was fine and issued new taxi instructions to Runway 36 via A. Seemed like the perfect storm to me. The timing of the ATC instructions and read back; combined with the extremely close proximity of the Runway 03 approach hold short line to Taxiway L5; checking for aircraft traffic while approaching Taxiway A; and looking for the Hold short line on the Airport Diagram all contributed to this event. I believe the Runway 03 approach hold short line should be depicted on the airport diagram. Earlier notification of the hold short instructions would also be helpful. Flashing lights on the hold short line and sign would be helpful as well. In my case; every time I hear hold short instructions I will stop at my current position until the location of the hold short line is identified.


Synopsis: A flight crew departing MSN failed to hold short of the Runway 3 approach critical line on Taxiway L5 prior to entering Taxiway A because they were not expecting nor did they see the hold lines at that location.