dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: Keep the field weed free throughout the growing season
Chichewa: munda onse ukhale opanda tchire mu nyengo yolima
English: Plant castor on ridges spaced at 75cm or 90cm.
Chichewa: mizere yolimapo castor italikane 75 mpaka 90cm
English:  Sow one seed at 60cm between planting stations on the ridge
Chichewa: bzalani mbewu imodzi 60cm pakati paphando lililonse
English: The seed rate is 10 to 12kg per hectare
Chichewa: mbewu yoyenera kubzala pa hekitala ikhale yokwana 10 mpaka 12kg
English: The most common disease of castor is Botritis mould–Recem (Botrytis cinerea)
Chichewa: nthenda yodziwika kwambiri ya castor ndi Botritis mould–Recem (Botrytis cinerea)
English: It is not economical to control the disease with fungicide.
Chichewa: palibe phindu lothandilana ndi matendawo pothila mankhwala (fungicides)
English: The pods are ready for harvesting when they turn grey and the pods shows cracks
Chichewa: mbewu zikhonza kukololedwa zikasintha mtundu kukhla mbuu komanso ngati zayamba kuthetheka
English: The giant local variety produces the first ripe pods suitable for picking approximately 140 days after planting
Chichewa: mtundu waukulu wa mbewu umatulutsa zipatso zakupsa zoyambilira zokuti zithyoledwe pakatha masiku 140
English: Dry the pods on a clean dry ground in the sun for a few days before shelling.
Chichewa: yanikani makoko pansi poyera padzuwa kwa masiku angapo musanaswe
English: Cassava stem storage technique is encouraged among smallholder farmers who store the harvested cassava stems until there is enough rains for planning in the next season
Chichewa: njira yosunga nthambi za chinangwa za mbewu kumalimbikitsidwa pkati pa alimi ang'onoang'ono amen amasunga mbewu zozabzala mvula ikazayamba
English: Planting material should be free from insect pests such as cassava mealy bug and cassava scales;
Chichewa: zipangizo zodzalira sizakhale zogwidwa ndi tizizlombo  monga cassava  mealy bug ndi cassava scales
English: Cuttings should be obtained from the base to the middle portions of well matured plants of older than 9 months
Chichewa: mitengo ya mbewu ikuyenera kudulidwa pa nthambi zapakati zokhwima bwino
English: Farmers should not plant cassava late
Chichewa: alimi asamabzale chinangwa mochedwa
English: Cassava does well on well drained soils
Chichewa: chinangwa chimachita bwino pa nthaka yolowa madzi bwino
English: These are sucking insects and their feeding habit is not very destructive.
Chichewa: iti ndi tizirombo toyamba madzi komanso kadyedwe kake sikakhala kowononga
English: Control is aimed at the disease and not the insect pest
Chichewa: vuto lofunika kuthana nalo ndi matenda osati tizilombo
English: s. Their feeding activity results into yellowing and defoliation of leaves
Chichewa: kadyedwe kawo kamapangisa chikasu ndi kuthothoka  kwa masamba
English: Cassava green mite feeds on young leaves and tender shoots.
Chichewa: chiswe chamu chunangwa chimadya masamba aang'ono komanso ofewa
English: It is characterized by mottled and curled leaves and transmitted by white flies.
Chichewa: zizindikilo ndi masamba akuda komanso okwinyika ndipo amabweretsedw andi tintchentche toyera mtundu
English: Farmers should be advised to be on the lookout for any insect pest and disease outbreaks
Chichewa: alimi akulangizidwa kukhala atcheru podziwa tizilombo ndi matenda amene akuvta nthawi imeneyo
English: After the cassava crop has reached maturity, the quality of roots of most varieties often deteriorates after 15 months of growth.
Chichewa: chinangwa chikafika pokhwima, kawonekedwe ka mitsisi ya mbewu zambiri kamawonongeka pakatha miyezi khumi ndi isanu
English: Cassava Brown Streak Disease is caused by a virus and transmitted by White flies
Chichewa: nthenda ya chinangwa ya brown streak imayamba chifukwa cha tincthenthce ta mtundu oyera
English: On the leaves the disease appears as patches of yellow areas mixed with normal green colour.
Chichewa: nthendayi imaoneka ngati madontho ofiila pa masamba obiliwira
English: The damaged leaves do not become distorted in shape as in cassava mosaic disease
Chichewa: masamba owownongeka samasintha maonekedwe ngati momwe imapangitsila nthenda ya chinangwa ya mosaic
English: Farmers using sweet varieties should process their cassava roots using the cassava chip (makaka) methods if the end product is to be used for human consumption.
Chichewa: alimi amene amalima mbewu yosekemela akuyenera kusunga chinangwa ngati makaka ngati chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya ch anthu
English: Farmers are encouraged to store the cassava in flour or chip form
Chichewa: alimi amalimbikitsidwa kusunga chinangwa ngati ufa kapena makaka
English: Farmers should store cassava chips (makaka) in cool dry places after packing them in gunny bags
Chichewa: alimi akuyenera kusunga makaka a chinangwa mmalo ozizila akalongeza mmasaka
English: To avoid weevil damage apply 25 g of Actellic Super Dust to 50kg makaka or 25g of Super grain dust to 50kg of makaka
Chichewa: kupewa kuti zingawonongeke ndi anankafumbwe thirani 25g ya catelic super dust ku 50kg kapena 25g ya Super grain dust ku 50kg ya makaka
English: Cassava can be sold as fresh roots, chips and flour
Chichewa: chinangwa chimagulitsidwa chachiwisi, makaka ndi ufa
English: Orange fleshed varieties are a good source of vitamin A
Chichewa: mbatata zofiila ndi gwero labwino la vitamini A
English: Leaves of Sweetpotato are used as relish (ndiwo) and are good source of vitamin A.
Chichewa: kholowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndiwo ndipo ndi gwero la bwino la vitamin A
English: Orange, very early maturity to allow for piece meal harvesting during lean times
Chichewa: mbewu yofiila imacha nsanga kuthandiza nathu kupeza chakudya mu nyengo yosowekela
English: The vine should be cut 10-15 cm away from the base to reduce incidence of sweetpotato weevil
Chichewa: kholowa adulidwe  10-15cm kuchokela pansi kuti tipewe kupezeka kwa anankwfumbwe
English: Where rainfall is not reliable, planting should be completed by mid-January
Chichewa: madera amene mvula simadalilika, kubzala kulekeze pakati pa mwezi wa January
English: Farmers who plant their Sweetpotatoes in dimba gardens like in the Shire Valley flood plain should plant their crop as soon as water has receded
Chichewa: alimi amene amabzala mbatata mmadimba monga ngati ku shire valley akuyenera abzale madzi akaphwela
English: Garlic does not tolerate excessive humidity or rainfall
Chichewa: adyo sapilira ku nyengo ya chinyezi kapena mvula yambiri
English: Cuttings should be 25 to 30cm long.
Chichewa: zodula zanu zikhale zotalika 20 mpaka 30cm
English: For root production, the ridges should be spaced at 90cm and planting stations at 30cm
Chichewa: kuti mizu ikule, talikisani mizere kwa 90cm ndi mapando kwa 30cm
English: Where white grubs are a problem, do not plant on soils rich in organic matter
Chichewa: malo amene ma white grubs ndi vuto lalikulu, musabzale pamene pali manyowa azinyalala ambiri
English: Soils which are water logged should be avoided.
Chichewa: pewani dothi lokumwa madzi ambiri
English: Weed early particularly during the first 6 weeks of establishment
Chichewa: palirani mwachangu makamaka masambata asanu ndi imodzi oyambilila mukangobzala
English: Where the crop cover is poor, hand weeding should continue as required.
Chichewa: pamene zomela zotchinga zili zosachita bwino mungota kuchotsa udzu ndi manja
English: Sweetpotato weevil (Cylas formicarius) This is the most destructive insect pest of Sweetpotato
Chichewa: nankafumbwe wa mbatata ndi kachilombo kowonong akwmbiri mbatata
English: Control is by practicing crop rotation, use of resistant varieties namely: Yoyera, Babache, Kenya, Kakoma, Semusa, Mugamba, Tainoni, filling cracks when the roots start bulking, and timely harvesting
Chichewa: njira yopewera ndi kupanga ulimi wakasinthasinthan ndipogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zololela monga; Yoyera, Babache, Kenya, Kakoma, Semusa, Mugamba, Tainoni, kukwilira ming'alu pamene mbatata zayamba kuphuka komanso kukolola nthawi yabwino
English: White grubs cause serious damage to roots and tubers of Sweetpotato.
Chichewa: ma white grubs amaononga misitsi ndi mbatata
English: About 370 bundles of sweetpotato vines are required to plant one hectare.
Chichewa: pa hekitala pamafunika mbewu ya kholowa mitolo 370 kuti mubzale
English: Never leave the crop in the field for a longer time otherwise the sweetpotato weevils will heavily attack the tubers hence reducing the quality and quantity of usable tubers
Chichewa: osasiya zokolola zanu mmunda kw anthawi yaitali chifukwa zimagwidwa ndi anankafumbwe amene amaononga mbatata zabwino
English: Potatoes locally known as Kachewere grow successfully in areas of high altitude, which have a cool climate and adequate rainfall.
Chichewa: kachewere amachita bwino mmadera okwera amene amakhala ndi nyengo yotentha bwino ndi mvula yokwanira
English: Soils should be free-draining, deep and rich in organic matter with soil acidity of pH5.0 to 6.5
Chichewa: dothi lizikhala lolowa bwino madzi, komanso la manyowa okwanila bwino ndi asidi wa mu nthaka okwanila 0.5ph mpakana 6.5
English: Plough deeply and break soil clods to make a fine tilth.
Chichewa: limani pansi kwambiri ndikuswa zigulumwa kuti mupange donthi lofewa bwino
English: After ridging make grooves on top of ridges 15cm deep
Chichewa: mukapanga mizere, kumbani ngalande a 15cm pamwamba pa mzere
English: Apply 200kg of D compound per hectare.
Chichewa: thirani 200kg ya D compound pa hekitala
English: Three to four weeks after crop emergence, top dress with 200kg of CAN per hectare.
Chichewa: pakatha masabata atatu kapena anayi thirani fetereza wokulitsa wa CAN 00kg pa hekitala
English: Apply 20g per meter of ridge length using 5 cupfuls of cup No.5.
Chichewa: thirani 20g pa mita ya mzere uliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito makapu 5 a cup no. 5
English: A potato field should be weeded twice during the growing season.
Chichewa: munda wa kachewere uyenera kupalilidwa kawiri pa chaka
English: Aphids are controlled by spraying with Malathion 25WP or Dimethoate 20WP
Chichewa: kuti muthane ndi nsabwe za mmasamba thirani mankhwala a Malathion 25W kapena Dimethoate 20WP
English: Fortunately this disease in Malawi attacks the crop later in the season than Late Blight
Chichewa: mwa mwayi, nthendayi imakhudza mbewu kumapeto kwa nyengo yolima kusiyana ndi leaf blight
English: Tuber Moth damage can be avoided by earthing up
Chichewa: agulugufe owononga mbewu akhonza kupewedwa pokwilira ndi dothi
English: This should be done repeatedly at intervals of 10 to 14 days
Chichewa: chitani izi mobwwerezabwereza kwa masiku khumi mpaka khumi ndi anayi (masabata awiri)
English: If the plants are infected in the later stages of development, when tubers are developing, the bacteria will get into the tubers and survive there.
Chichewa: ngati mbewu zagwidwa ndi matenda pamene zatsala pang'ono kukhwima, mbatata zikayamba, nthendayi imabisala mu mbatata ndikukhala m'menemo
English: Seed tubers should further be protected by dusting them with one sachet (40g) of Pirimiphos- methyl (Actellic) per 90kg sack of potatoes
Chichewa: mbatata za mbewu zikuyenera kutetezedwa pothiridwa mankhwala a ufa sacheti limodzi lokwana 40g la  Pirimiphos- methyl (Actellic)  pa 90kgya thumba la mbatata
English: There is no chemical control measure.
Chichewa: palibe njira yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
English: Since the virus also spreads through seed, farmers are recommended to use clean seed only.
Chichewa: popeza mbewunso zimagwidwa ndi matenda, alimi akulangizidwa kuwgiritsa nthcito mbewu zomwe zilibe matenda
English: The potato crop is mature when leaves turn naturally yellow or the top dies off.
Chichewa: mbewu ya mbatata imakwima masamba akachita chikasu or masamba apamwamba akayoyoka
English: Leaves tend to be upright and are generally pale yellow.
Chichewa: masamba amakhaala oongoka ndipo nthawi zambiri amakahala otumbululuka achikasu
English: It is best controlled through crop rotation and use of chemical Nematicides such as Furadan
Chichewa: imapewedwa bwino popanga ulimi wakasinthasintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a nematicides monga furadan
English: Potato for consumption should be stored in darkness 
Chichewa: sungani kadyewere wa chakudya mu chipinda cha mdima
English: Storage does not improve quality of the potatoes therefore best quality crop should be stored from the start
Chichewa: kusunga mbatat sikumawonjezela kawonekedwe kabwino ka mbatata kuteloko mbatata za mbewu zisungidwe kumayambiliro
English: The shelf life of potatoes for consumption can be prolonged by keeping them at low temperatures less than 90C
Chichewa: nthawi imene mbatata ya chakudya ingasungidwe mopitilila ndi pamene yasungidwa pa ma dgili okwana 90
English: Potato tubers for seed should be stored in Diffused Light Store
Chichewa: mbewu ya mbatata isungidwe muchipinda chowala
English: Once green and under cool conditions, seed potato can store for 3 months
Chichewa: mbewu ya kachewere ikhonzi kusungidwa kwa miyezi itatu zikangobiliwila ndi kusongidwa malo ozizila
English: Agricultural chemicals not normally used on tobacco should never be allowed to come in contact with tobacco during production, curing or in storage
Chichewa: mankhwala mbewu amene samathiridwa ku fodya sakuyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi fodya pa nthawi yolima, yoyanika ndikusunga
English: Farmers are advised not to store any chemicals in tobacco barns and holding sheds
Chichewa: alimi amalangizidwa kuti asamasunge mankhwala mma balan a fodya
English: The choice of tobacco type and/or variety depends on trade requirement, farmer preference and prevailing climatic and soil conditions
Chichewa: chisankho cha mtundu wa mbewu ya tobacco amene mukufuna kulima zimatengera ndi mmene msika ukufinila, kuufna kwa mlimi, nyengo ya dera ndi momwe nthaka ilili
English: Growers who are interested to use introduced varieties should follow appropriate procedures for importation
Chichewa: alimi amene ali osangalatsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu yatsopano akuyenera atsatile ndondomeko zoyenera zogulira mbewu kuchokela dziko lina
English: It is recommended that the length of seed beds should be 30m or any convenient length and 1m wide
Chichewa: mabedi a mbewu ovomelekeza amayenera akhale 30m mulitali ndi 1m mulifupi
English: Nursery sites should be properly fenced to ensure protection from stray animals and other pests, strong wind and airborne diseases.
Chichewa: manazale akuyenera kumangilidwa mpanda kuti atetezeke ku nyama zoyendayenda ndi tizilombo, mphepo yamkuntho ndi matenda obwera ndi mphepo
English: Nematodes should be controlled by using recommended pesticides such as Basamid or by burning
Chichewa: mukhonza kugonjetsa ma nematides pothira mankhwala monga basmid kapena powotcha mbewu zokhudzidwa
English: On the14th day, apply the chemical using the above rate and thoroughly mix with soil to a depth of 20cm
Chichewa: pakatha masabata awiri (patsiku la 14), thirani mankhwala pogwiritsa ncthito ndondomeko zomwe zili mmwambamp ndikutsakaniza ndi dothi kwa 20cm
English: On the 21st day plastic should be aerated in order to release some toxic gases that may injure the seed.
Chichewa: pakatha masabata atatu (patsiku la 21), boolani chipepala cha pulasitiki kuti mpweya woyipa otuluke womwe ungathe kuonnga mbewu
English: Basamid does not leave any harmful residues after breaking down making it an ozone friendly chemical.
Chichewa: basamid samasiya zotsalila zoopsa zomwe akamaliza kusungunuka zomwe zimapangisa kuti asaownongwe chilengedwe
English: Water is applied for 12 days before piling the stalks to activate soil organisms after which actual burning is done.
Chichewa: madzi athilidwe pakatha masiku khumi ndi awiri musawunjike mapesi kuti tizilombo ta mu nthaka tituluke pamene mukuotcha
English: nematodes can be controlled by using the float tray system
Chichewa: mukhonza kupewa ma nematodes pobzala fodya mmathileyi oyandama mmadzi
English: To maximize yield, tobacco should be water planted.
Chichewa: fodya ayenera kubzalidwa ndi madzi kuti zokolola zichuluke
English: Farmers should follow a minimum rotation of 4 years to avoid build- up of pests and diseases, particularly nematodes.
Chichewa: alimi ayesele ulimi wakasinthasintha osachepera zaka zinayi kuti apewe kuchulukana kwa tizilombo ndi matenda makamaka nematode
English: In areas where both tobacco and cotton are grown, great care is required to avoid insecticides used on cotton drifting onto tobacco
Chichewa: madera amene amalima fodya ndi thonje, akuyenela kusamala kwambiri kuti mankhwala othana ndi tizizlombo a thonje asafike mmunda wa fodya
English: Pine bark is the common substrate used in float tray tobacco seedling production
Chichewa: khungwa la payini limagwiritsodwa ntchito pofesa mbewu ya fodya
English: Farmers should aim at transplanting tobacco with the first planting rains so as to complete the operation before Christmas
Chichewa: alimi awokele nsamga fodya ndi mvula yoyambilila kuti ikamafika nyengo ya khisimisi azikhala atamlaiza kuwokela
English: Where resources permit, famers should apply recommended pesticides
Chichewa: ngati pali zipangizo zokwanila, alimi athire mankhwala a tizolombo ovomelezeka
English: It is therefore essential that tobacco should not be planted within 100m radius of any cotton crop
Chichewa: ndikofunika kuti munda wa fodya ukhale kutali ndi munda wa thonje kwa ma mita 100
English: Always start with the clean lands or plants end up with diseased lands or plants.
Chichewa: kumayamba ndi nthaka yopanda matenda apo ayi mbewu zimagwidwa ndi matenda kapena kusiya matenda mu nthaka
English: The disease also spreads by transplanting diseased seedlings into clean lands.
Chichewa: nthendayi imathanso kufala pamene tawokela mbewu zokhuzidwa pa malo abwinobwino
English: Development of the diseases and severity of damage is enhanced by high soil moisture and high soil temperature
Chichewa: kukula kwa matenda komanso kaonongedwe kake kumadza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyontho mu nthaka
English: types of symptoms may occur if attacked by more virulent strains of the virus.
Chichewa: mitundu ya zizindikilo imaoneka ngati yakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri
English: Affected plants are stunted
Chichewa: mbewu zokhudziwa zimakula mopinimbila
English: can lead to leaf degradation and loss of yield and quality
Chichewa: zikhodza kulowesa kawonekedwe kabwino ka masamba komanso kuchepetsa zokolola
English: Control is by use of certified and disease free seed
Chichewa: pewani pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zovomelezeka komanso zopanda matenda
English: Harvesting or reaping, curing, bulking and preliminary pre-sale (farm) grading constitute some of the important aspects of post-harvest technology of tobacco.
Chichewa: kukolola, kuchiza, kulongeza ndi kasankha malingana ndi kaonekedwe ndi njira zofunika kutsatila posamalira fodya akakololedwa
English: From the barn leaf is transferred to storage sheds.
Chichewa: kuchokela mma balani pititsani masamba mosungilamo
English: The walls should be plastered and white washed.
Chichewa: khoma lizilidwe ndi kutsukidwa bwino
English: Grouping is the arrangement of tobacco bales in such an order that bales of similar quality are sold together in runs of declining order of value.
Chichewa: magulu (grouping) ndi ndondomeko yoika fodya mmabelo mu ndondomeko yokuti mabelo owonek abwino amagulitsidwa pa mtengo waukulu kenako kumatsika malingana ndi mawonekedwe
English: In the event that the disease appears in the lands, topping high and reaping earlier than normal may help to salvage the crop.
Chichewa: pamene nthendayi yatulukila msanga mudera, kubzala mwachangu ndi kukolola mwachangu kusiyana ndi  nthawi zonse kumathandiza
English: Symptoms of attack are stunting and yellowing of leaves
Chichewa: kupinimbila ndi kufiila kwa masamba ndi zizindikilo za kugwidwa ndi matenda
English: The disease affects tobacco at any stage of growth in the seedbeds and can also develop on newly transplanted tobacco.
Chichewa: nthendayi imagwira fodya pa msinkhu uliwonse mukafesa ngakhaleso pamene mwangowokela kumene
English: Sprays recommended for tobacco aphids and budworms will also control the aforementioned pests.
Chichewa: mankhwala amene mukhonza kthira ku fodya kuti muthane ndi nsabwe za mmasamba ndi mphutsi za mmaluwa mukhonzaso kuthira pothana ndi tizilombo tachulidwa mmwambamo
English: Termites can be observed both in nurseries and in the lands, especially where there is lack of decomposed organic material during hot and dry weather.
Chichewa: chiswe chimawoneka kwambiri pa nazale kapena mmunda ngati manyowa sanawole bwino munyengo yotentha
English: Control is by early ploughing to allow complete decomposition of the plant residues.
Chichewa: Kuthana nacho ndi kulima mwachangu kuti zinyalala za mbewu ziwole mokwanira
English: Cutworms are active at night.
Chichewa: ma cutworm amachangamuka usiku
English: The insect will curl up into a small thick lot when disturbed
Chichewa: Kachilomboka kamadzikulunga nkukhala kakang'ono kokhuthala kakasokonezedwa
English: The tobacco aphid also known as the green peach aphid is the most severe insect pest of tobacco in Malawi
Chichewa: nsabwe za mmasamba a fodya zomwenso zimatchedwa nsabwe za mmasamba za mupichesi ndi tizilombo timene timawononga kwambiri fodya mmalawi muno
English: Control is by hand picking under light infestations and chemical sprays of Steward 150 EC, Aryna 46EC, Belt Expert 480 SC etc
Chichewa: mutha kuthana nazo potola ndi manaj ngati zilipo zochepa ndi kuthira mankhwala  monga Steward 150 EC, Aryna 46EC, Belt Expert 480 SC ndi ena ambiri
English: As these leaves increase in size, the feeding holes increase proportionally, giving the leaves a raged distorted appearance.
Chichewa: pamene masamba akukula, mabowo odyera makulanso chimodzimodzi, kupangitsa kuti masamba akhale ndi kaonekedwe kodabwitsa
English: Symptoms of ant damage are their observed presence in large numbers on the seedbeds and reduced seed germination because they carry the tiny newly sown seed off the seedbed.
Chichewa: zizindikilo za kuononga kwa chiswe kumaoneka ndikachulukidwe ka ka chiswe pa mabedi a mbewu komanso kuchewa kwa zomela kamba kakuti zimadya mbewu zikangomel
English: In the Northern region, nursery destruction should be done before 1st January of each year
Chichewa: mchigawo chakumpoto, nazale limayenera liwonongedwe pa 1 January pasanafike chaka chilichonse
English: Chemical control of aphids must be preventive, both in the seedbeds and in the lands.
Chichewa: mankhwala othana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba athitiridwe ngati kupewa nsabwezi mmalo obzala mbewu komanso minda
English: In the Northern region, stalk uprooting should have been completed by 30th May each year.
Chichewa: Kuchigawo chakumpoto, kuzula mapesi kuyenera kumalizidwa pasanafike pa 30 May chaka chilichonse.
English: Agricultural practices that ensures uniform crops are encouraged in order to have few but high quality grades of leaf
Chichewa: Njira zaulimi zothandiza kuti mbewu iwoneke mofanana zimalimbikitsidwa kuti pakhale masamba ochepa koma apamwamba
English: CG 9 is a newly released medium duration, Virginia type groundnut variety
Chichewa: CG9 ndi mbewu yatsopano yomwe imacha mwapakatikati, ndi mtundu wa mtedza wa virginia
English: It has a yield potential of 2500 kg/ha
Chichewa: ili ndi kuthekela kotulutsa zokolola zokwana 25000kg pa hectare
English: CG 12 is a newly released short duration, Spanish type groundnut variety
Chichewa: CG 12 ndi mbewu yatsopano yosachedwa kukhwima, ndi mtundu wa mtedza wa spanish
English: It reaches 50% flowering in about 34 days.
Chichewa: theka la mbewu limamasula pa masiku 34
English: It is tolerant to drought and groundnut rosette disease.
Chichewa: imapilira ku chilala ndi matenda a khate a mtedza
English: It takes 100 to 110 days to reach maturity
Chichewa: zimatenga masiku 100 mpakana 110 kuti zikhwime
English: During pegging, only hand weeding should be done to avoid damage to developing pods.
Chichewa: pamene zayamba kubereka, mukhona kuzula udzu ndi manja okha kuopa kuononga mbewu
English: Tikolore is another indeterminate variety
Chichewa: tikolore ndi mbewu ina yosapanganika
English: In the first place the farmer can choose to apply only Rhizobium inoculants for a certain yield target
Chichewa: choyambilira mlimi akhonza kusankha kuthira rhizobium inoculant yekha kapena kuti mbewu zosankhika
English: Secondly, a farmer can choose to apply fertilizer only without the inoculum.
Chichewa: kachiwiri, mlimi akhonza kusankha fetereza okuti athire opanda inoculum
English: Thirdly the farmer can choose to apply both rhizobium inoculants and nitrogenous fertilizer to the crop in order to achieve a very high yield target
Chichewa: kachitatu, mlimi akhonza kusnakha kuthila inoculant wa rizobium pamodzi ndi fetereza wa nayitrojeni kuti achulutse zokolola
English: ICPL87015 is a nearly maturing and high yielding (up 2,500kg/ha)
Chichewa: mbewu ya ICPL87015 imakhwima mwachnu ndi kutulutsa zokolola zochuluka ( zokwana 2500kg pa hekitala)
English: If ash is used to treat cowpea grain, apply 25% ash to the volume of the grains
Chichewa: ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito phulusa posunga mbewu ya nandolo, thirani 25% ya phulusa ku mbewuyo
English: Kayera yields an average of about 880kg/ ha
Chichewa: kayera amatulutsa zokolola zosachepera 880kg pa hekitala
English: It takes 55 days to attain a total of 55 leaves and 50% flowering.
Chichewa: zimatenga masiku 55 kuti zikhale ndi masamba okwana 55 komanso kuti theka la mbewu zonse limasule maluwa
English: Sesame is interplanted with cereals and grain legumes.
Chichewa: bzalani chitowe mophatikiza ndi chimanga ndi nyemba
English: Its average hieght is about 125 cm and flowers about 60 days after emergence.
Chichewa: zimatalika osachepera 125cm ndipo zimayamba kumasula maluwa pakatha masiku 60
English: It produces bolls which mature and start opening at about 117 days after crop emergence
Chichewa: zimabereka tizipatso tomwe timakhwima nkuphulika paktha masiku 117 mbewu zikamera
English: It gives 37 % more seed cotton yield than Makoka 2000, 86 % over RASAM 17 and 29 % over IRM 81
Chichewa: imatulutsa zokolola zoposera 37% mbewu ya thonje ya makoka 2000, 86% mbewu ya RASAM 17 ndi 29% kuposa mbewu ya IRM 81
English: Its average height in Malawi is about 126 cm and flowers about 56 days after emergence
Chichewa: ku malawi kuno zimatalika 126cm ndi kuyamba maluwa pakatha masiku 56 zikamera
English: Whether the ridge is spaced at 75 cm or 90 cm, planting stations should be 60 cm apart within the ridge
Chichewa: kaya mizere yatalikilana kwa 75cm kapena 90cm, mapando atalikilane 60cm mkati mwa mzere
English: The seed should be sown at 20 mm depth in wet soil.
Chichewa: mbewu ibzalidwe 20mm kuchoka pansi pa nthaka yonyowa
English: This gives a seed rate of 25 kg per hectare
Chichewa: mbewu yoyenera kubzalidwa pa hekitala ndi yokwana 25kg
English: Farmers are advised to follow planting instructions printed on the seed pack for hybrid and Bt cotton varieties
Chichewa: alimi akuyenera kutsatila ndondomeko zobzalira zimene zalembedwa pa thumba la mbewu ya  hybrid ndi Bt cotton
English: A delay in thinning will result in plants severely competing for nutrients, sunlight and moisture
Chichewa: kuchedwa kupalila kumapangitsa kuti mbewu zizikanganilana zakudya,dzuwa ndi chinyontho
English: Fertilizer recommendation for cotton is 34 kg N, 45 kg P205 and 22 kg Sulphur per hectare where the crop is stunted because of nutrient deficiency
Chichewa: fetereza oyenerera kuthira ku thonje ndi 34kg n. 45kg P205 ndi 22kg Sulphur a hekitala pamene mbewu zikupinimbira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa michere mu nthaka
English: apply 23:10:5+6S+1.0Zn at the rate of 100 kg per hectare
Chichewa: thirani fetereza wa 23:10:5+6S+1.0Zn pa mlingo wa 100kg pa hekitala
English: At first flower, apply 52 kg CAN per hectare.
Chichewa: maluwa oyamba akamasula, thirani 52kg ya CAN pa hekitala
English: Farmers should not wait for dry spells before weeding because by the time there is a dry spell, weeds may already have overcrowded the small plants
Chichewa: alimi asadikile kuti mvula isiye kuti apalire chifukwa pamene mvula ikusiya udzu umkhala utadzakuta mbewu zing'onozing'ono
English: Early weeds in cotton can also be controlled by applying Pendimethalin 500 EC (Dinitroaniline).
Chichewa: thirani Pendimethalin 500 EC (Dinitroaniline) kuti muthane ndi udzu wakumayambiliro mminda ya thonje
English: Protect the orchard from fire hazards by weeding and making fire breaks of at least 3m wide around it
Chichewa: tetedzani munda wanu wa zipatso ku ziopsezo za moto popalila udzu ndikulimira mmbali pamulingo wa 3m kuti moto usamafike
English: The planting holes should be 90cm in diameter and 90cm deep.
Chichewa: maenje obzalila azikhala 90cm kukula ndi kutalika komwe
English: Soils should be deep, fertile and free draining
Chichewa: dothi lidzikhala lakuya, lachonde ndi lolowa bwino madzi
English: Fertilizer applications should be based on soil and leaf analysis
Chichewa: thriani fetereza malingana ndi zotsatila ka kafukufuku wa dothi ndi masamba
English: Apply half of the chemical fertilizer at the beginning of the rainy season and the other half when the rains are tailing of
Chichewa: thirani theka la fetereza kumayambiliro kwa nyengo ya mvula ndi kumaliza theka lotsala kumapeto kwa nyengo ya mvula
English: Citrus can be grown in many areas depending on species and varieties.
Chichewa: zipatso zitha kubzalidwa madera ambiri malingana ndi mtundu wachipatso komanso mbewu
English: The best time to apply manure is when preparing land
Chichewa: nthawi yabwino yothira manyowa ndi pamene mukusosa mmunda
English: Plant with the first planting rains (rains of 50mm or wetting to a depth of 15cm)
Chichewa: bzalani ndi mvula yoyambilira (pamen mvula yagwa 50mm kapena dothi lanyowa 15cm kupita pansi)
English: Supplementary watering should be done as required.
Chichewa: thilirani mbewu pamene kuli koyenera kutero
English: Control is by hand picking and crushing of caterpillars.
Chichewa: mukhonza kuthana ndi mbozi potola ndi kunyenya ndi manja
English: Plough deeply and incorporate 5 to 10kg of compost or khola manure per square metre
Chichewa: limani mwakuya kwambiri ndi kusakaniza 5 mpakana 10kg ya manyowa a zinyalala kapena manyowa a khola pa sikweya mita
English: Apply 3 to 5kg of well decomposed manure per square meter and mix thoroughly with the soil.
Chichewa: thirani 3 mpakana 5kg ya manyowa pa sikweya mita ndikusakanika bwino ndi dothi
English: The caterpillars eat the leaves
Chichewa: mbozi zimadya masamba
English: Cinnamon requires warm and wet conditions with moderate temperatures of about 27ºC
Chichewa: Cinnamon amafunika nyengo yotentha komanso ya chinyezi wambiri ndi kutetha kwama digiri 27
English: Aphids attack new shoots causing stunted growth
Chichewa: nsabwe za mmasamba zimadya masamba ophukila kumene kupangisa kuti zipinimbile
English: Vegetables are easily attacked by many insect pests and diseases
Chichewa: mbewu zamasamba sizichedwa kugwidwa ndi tizirombo tambiri komanso matenda
English: The adult flies are tiny about 1mm and yellowish in colour with white powdery wings
Chichewa: ntchentche zikakula zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri kufika 1mm komanso za makaka achikasu ndi mapiko okhala ndi ufa woyera
English: The disease occurs in orchards established on recently opened land which had natural trees
Chichewa: nthendayi imapezeka mminda ya zipatso yomwe yangokhadzikitsidwa kumene pa malo amene panali mitengo yachilengedwe
English: Those that cannot die by ring barking must be dug out with as much root system as possible.
Chichewa: mitengo yomwe sizingaume pochotsa makungwa iyenera kukumbidwa mpaka mitsitsi yonse ichoke
English: Pineapples can be established from suckers, slips and tops
Chichewa: nanazi zimadzalidwa kuchokela ku misitsi, ziphuthu ndi zimasamba
English: The yields of mango are low in cool areas because of incidences of powdery mildew
Chichewa: mango amakololedwa ochepa mmadera ozizila chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa nthenda ya powdery mildew
English: Presently yields of fully grown improved mango trees range from 200 to 500 fruits per tree
Chichewa: padakali pano, mtengo umodzi wa mbewu yamakono ukumatulutsa mango 200  mpakana 500
English: Avocado pears are important food and cash crop
Chichewa: mapeyala ndi mbewu yofunikila ya chakudya komanso malonda
English: The growing of available local cultivars should be encouraged especially where farmers have no access to improved varieties
Chichewa: kulima mbewu zamakolo kukuyenera kulimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa alimi amene alibe kuthekera kopeza mbewu zamakono
English: Local cultivars such as Boloma and Domasi which are big and sweet, and small mangoes such as Waka, Nthulura and Kapantha that are widely adapted should be encouraged.
Chichewa: mbewu yamakolo ya Boloma ndi Domasi yomwe imakhala yaikulu ndi yokoma, mango aang'ono monga  Waka, Nthulura and Kapantha amene anadzalidwa kwambiri akuyenera kulimbikitsidwa
English: Plant trees in December or January for successful establishment
Chichewa: bzalani mitengo mu December kapena January kuti zikhadzikike bwino
English: Apply 5 to 10kg of well decomposed manure per tree at the beginning of the rainy season
Chichewa: thirani 5 mpakana 10kg ya manyowa owola bwino pa mtengo umodzi umodzi kumayambiliro kwa nyengo ya mvula
English: The fruit weighs 0.5 to 1.0kg and is of excellent quality
Chichewa: chipatsocho chimalemela 0.5 mpaka 1.0kg ndipo imakhala yokongola bwino
English: It attacks the base of the tree and may eventually affect the root system
Chichewa: imagwira pansi pa mtengo ndipo imatha kukhudza mitsitsi
English: The outer layer contains more sugars and vitamins than inner layer
Chichewa: Kunja kwake kumakhala ndi shuga ndi ma vitamini ochuluka kusiyana ndi mkati
English: All unwanted trees should be ring-barked 2 years in advance and left to die to reduce the risk of Armillaria infection.
Chichewa: mitengo yonse yosafunikila imayenera ichotsedwe zikungwa kuti iwume ndi kufa zaka ziwiri zambuyo ndicholinga choteteza kuti isagwidwe ndi matenda a Armillaria
English: Pawpaw is fairly drought-tolerent but irrigation is required after prolonged dry periods
Chichewa: mapapaya amapilira ku nyengo ya chilala komabe kuthilira kumafunika ngati nyengo yapitilila kwmabiri
English: Seed may be stored up to 3 years
Chichewa: mbewu itha kusungidwa mpakana zaka zitatu
English: It should be noted, however, that germination percentages declines with storage period
Chichewa: mukuyenera kudziwa kuti chiwerengero cha mbewu zomela chimatsika malingana ndi nthawi imene mbewu yasungidwa
English: Seedlings should be transplanted when 6 weeks old or 30cm tall
Chichewa: okelani mbewu zikatha masabata 6 kapena zikatalika kwa 30cm
English: Pawpaw have potential yields of up to 140kg per tree
Chichewa: mapapaya ali ndi kuthekela kotulutsa 140kg pa mtengo
English: Pawpaws for sale at the local market should be picked at the first indication of the yellow colour to facilitate transportation and storage in the market process.
Chichewa: mapapaya a malonda akuyenera kukololedwa akangoyamba kumene kupsa ndi cholinga chakuti anyamulike ndi kusungika bwino pamene mukukonzekela zogulitsa
English: The fruit must be handled with great care to avoid scratching.
Chichewa: zipatso zikuyenera kunyamulidwa mosamala kupewa kukala
English: Pigs should normally be fed in the khola
Chichewa: nkhumba zikuyenera zizidyetsedwera mu khola
English: Hand weeding should be done near the Coffee trees while a hoe should be used away from the trees to avoid bruising the stem and roots.
Chichewa: dzulani udzu ndi manja m'mbali mwa mtengo wa khofi pamene mbali zotalikilana mukhonza kupalira ndi khasu
English: Mushrooms ready for the market are divided into various grades depending on size and degree of maturity
Chichewa: bowa wogulitsa amaikidwa mmagawo awirir malingana ndi kakulidwe komanso nthawi imene amatenga kuti akhwime
English: Presently, 2 types of mushrooms are grown in Malawi, that is oyster and button mushroom
Chichewa: pakadali pano, mitundu iwiri ya bowa ikulimidwa malawi, bowa wa oyster ndi button
English: Okra does not transplant well and should therefore be directly sown on ridges or beds
Chichewa: therere silichita bwino likawokeledwe kotero ndikofunika kubzalilatu osafesa
English: Okra thrives in low altitude areas with warm climate
Chichewa: therere silikula bwino malo otsika amene ali ndi nyengo yotentha
English: Cabbage can yield 11,000kg to 70,000kg per hectare depending on variety and management.
Chichewa: kabichi akhonza kutulutsa 70,000kg pa hekitala malingana ndi mtundu wa mbewu ndi kasamalidwe
English: Vegetables are easily attacked by many insect pests and diseases
Chichewa: masamba sachedwa kugwidwa ndi tizilombo ndi nthenda zambiri
English: Paprika belong to the same family of crops such as tomato, tobacco, egg plant and potato hence have similar diseases, insect pests and nematode problems.
Chichewa: paprika ali mgulu limodzi la mbewu ngati tomato, fodya, mabilinganya ndi mbatatesi kotero amakhala ndi matenda ndi tizilombo tofanana
English: Tea should be kept free from weeds to minimize competition for moisture and nutrients
Chichewa: tiyi asamakhale ndi udzu kuti tichepetse kukanganilana kwa chinyontho ndi zakudya
English: Irrigation of Coffee is important to increase productivity
Chichewa: ndibwino kuthirirra khofi kuti zokolola zichuluke
English: Dried chillies should be stored in hessian sacks
Chichewa: tsabola owuma asungidwe mmasaka
English: Being leafy vegetables, rape, mustard and Chinese cabbage require adequate nitrogen supply
Chichewa: pokhala mbewu zamasamba, lepu, mpiru ndi chinese cabbage pamafunika kukhala nayitrojeni wokwanila
English: Seedbeds should be sterilized by burning maize stalks to control damping off diseases (Pythium, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia spp.) and nematodes.
Chichewa: mabedi a mbewu akuyenera kuyeletsedwa potentha mapesi ndi moto kuopesa kufala kwa matenda monga:  (Pythium, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia spp.) ndi tizilombo
English: Harvesting is done through out the year as flowers are produced all year round.
Chichewa: mumakolola chaka chonse chifukwa maluwa samasiya kumasula kwa chaka chonse
English: The seed nuts should be selected from high yielding trees
Chichewa: mtedza wa mbewu ukuyenera kusankhidwa kuchokela ku mitengo yobereka kwambiri
English: Farmers are encouraged to raise their own seedlings preferably in groups under the supervision of the Coffee Extension Staff
Chichewa: alimi amalangizidwa kufesa mbewu zawo moyang'anilidwa ndi alangizi otsata za mbewu ya khofi
English: Coconut can grow well even in low rainfall areas, especially when ground water conditions are favourable
Chichewa: coconut amakula bwino ngakhale ku malo otentha, makamaka kumene madzi a mu nthaka akupezeka
English: Pluck mushrooms when fully grown
Chichewa: thyolani bowa akamalidza kukula
English: Avoid storing nuts on the farm for longer than 2 months as quality will be reduced.
Chichewa: pewani kusunga mtedza pa munda kwa nthawi yaitali yopitilila miyezi iwiri chifukwa zimawononga mtedza
English: Roots are ready for harvesting when they are 3months old from sowing
Chichewa: misitsi ikhonza kukololedwa ikakwana miyezi itatu
English: Cucumbers are relatively shallowrooted and require irrigation in most parts of the country.
Chichewa: nkhaka zili ndi miistsi yaifupi kotero imafunika izizthililidwa madera ambiri mdziko muno
English: Mulch around the basin with grass, dried leaves or maize stover
Chichewa: kwililani maenje ndi udzu, masamba owuma kapena mapesi a chimanga
English: Keep the plants in a cool place, under shade and water daily
Chichewa: sungani mbewu pa malo ozizila, pansi pa dzuwa ndikumathirira tsiku ndi tsiku
English: Mix the compost with the top soil and fill in the hole
Chichewa: sakanizani komposti ndi dothi lapamwamba ndikuthira mudzenje
English: Keep watering this compost heap every day.
Chichewa: pitilizani kuthirira muli wa komposti tsiku ndi tsiku
English: Coffee suffers attacks from a number of pests which severely limit production
Chichewa: khofi amagwidwa ndi tizilombo tambiri tomwe timapititsa pansi zokolola
English: The most serious weather conditions that have negatively affected agricultural productivity in Malawi are dry spells, seasonal droughts, intense rainfall, riverine floods and flash floods
Chichewa: Nyengo yovuta kwambiri yomwe yasokoneza ntchito zaulimi Malawi muno ndi chilimwe, chilala, mvula yamkuntho, kusefukira kwamadzi komanso kusefukira kwamadzi.
English: Dry spell is a period of dryness that has little or no effect on soil moisture or water levels.
Chichewa: Dry spell ndi nthawi yowuma yomwe ilibe mphamvu pang'ono kapena yopanda mphamvu ya chinyontho mu nthaka kapena madzi.
English: Dry spells turn into droughts when they last 3 to 4 months.
Chichewa: nyengo youma zimasanduka chilala zikatha miyezi itatu kapena inayi.
English: Drought is a result of a prolonged deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time usually over a season or more.
Chichewa: Chilala chimabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mvula kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri pakapita nyengo kapena kuposerapo.
English: Drought occurs in Malawi when rainfall is less than 75% of normal
Chichewa: Chilala chimabwera kuno ku Malawi pomwe mvula imagwa pansi pa 75% yanthawi zonse
English: Riverine flood: Occurs when excessive rainfall over an extended period of time causes a river to exceed its capacity
Chichewa: Kusefukira kwa Mtsinje: Kumachitika pamene mvula yadzaoneni kwa nthawi yaitali ipangitsa kuti mtsinjewo upitirire mphamvu yake
English: Droughts and floods are the most severe of hazards experienced and the most serious obstacles to agricultural productivity and food security in Malawi.
Chichewa: Chilala ndi kusefukira kwa madzi ndi zoopsa kwambiri zomwe anthu akukumana nazo komanso zolepheretsa kukula kwaulimi komanso kupezeka kwa chakudya Malawi.
English: Climate change has resulted in shifting planting dates of maize
Chichewa: nyengo yobzalila chimanga inasinthaso malingana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
English: Changes in the maize varieties grown (from medium to late maturing to short maturing varieties).
Chichewa: kusintha kwa mbeu zobzala za chimanga ( kuchoka ku mbeu zokucha mochedwa kufikila ku mbeu zokucha msanga)
English: Important predictions of future impacts of climate change on crop productivity
Chichewa: Zonenedweratu zokhuza mtsogolo zakusintha kwanyengo pa zokolola
English: Livestock production in Malawi is seriously affected by climate change.
Chichewa: Kuweta kwa ziweto m’Malawi muno kwakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
English: The animals reduce their food intake because of the higher temperatures;
Chichewa: Nyamazo zimachepetsa kudya chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri;
English: Areas suitable for grazing and availability of forage have declined due to dry spells and droughts, leading to reduction in livestock production and deaths;
Chichewa: Malo odyetserako ziweto achepa chifukwa cha mvula ndi chilala, zomwe zachititsa kuchepa kwa ziweto ndi kufa;
English: Inadequate availability of feed and water due to droughts are causing decreased milk production (GFDRR, 2016
Chichewa: Kusapezeka kokwanira kwa chakudya ndi madzi chifukwa cha chilala kumapangitsa kuti mkaka ukhale wochepa (GFDRR, 2016
English: Effects of climate change on pests and diseases
Chichewa: zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo pa tizirombo ndi matenda
English: Pests and diseases are major constraints to farm productivity in Malawi.
Chichewa: Tizilombo ndi matenda ndizomwe zimalepheretsa ntchito zaulimi Malawi.
English: Drying up of lakes and temperature changes, which have affected aquatic life and resulted in declining fish stocks and fish catches (Msiska et al. 2017, MoECCM, 2013);
Chichewa: kuuma kwa nyanga ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kwakhudza zamoyo za mmadzi, zomwe zachepetsa chiwerengero cha nsomba ndi kawezedwe komwe.
English: Improve management of croplands
Chichewa: Kupititsa patsogolo kasamalidwe ka minda
English: Plant adaptive crop varieties
Chichewa: kubzala mbeu zopilira ku nyengo zosiyanasiyana
English: Use improved storage facilities for the harvest;
Chichewa: kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba za makono zosungilamo zokolola
English: Improve pasture management
Chichewa: kupititsa pastogolo kasamalidwe ka malo odyetsera ziweto
English: Practice sustainable forest management
Chichewa: Kusamalira nkhalango mokhazikika
English: Use weather and early warning information;
Chichewa: Gwiritsani ntchito zidziwitso zanyengo ndi chenjezo loyambirira;
English: Use fish species that are tolerant of changing climatic conditions;
Chichewa: Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu ya nsomba zomwe zimalolera kusintha kwa nyengo;
English: Increase the resilience of smallholder fish farming households to climate change impacts;
Chichewa: kupangisa alimi ang'onoang'ono amene akupanga ulimi wa nsomba akhale opilira ndi kusintha kwa nyengo
English: Make the farmers more food secure compared to those who do not practice integrated fish-crop-livestock farming.
Chichewa: kupangisa alimi kukhale ndi chakudya chokwanira kusiyana ndi amene sapanga nawo ulimi wa nsomba, zakumunda ndi ziweto pakamodzi.
English: In areas prone to drought famers must cultivate staple crops like sorghum, cassava, and pearl millet which are tolerant to drought
Chichewa: ku malo ovuta mvula alimi akuyenera kubzala mbeu zopirira ndi kuuma kwa nthaka monga mapira, chinangwa, mawere.
English:  farmer must: • Plant late maturing maize varieties such as: SC 719 which takes 158 days to maturity or local maize.
Chichewa: alimi akuyenera kubzala mbeu zochedwa kucha monga SC 719 yomwe imacha pakatha masiku 158 kuti chikhwime
English: Swales for water harvesting
Chichewa: maswale ngati njira yokolela madzi
English: Plant the crops early to benefit from the available rain
Chichewa: Bzalani mbewu msanga kuti mupindule ndi mvula yomwe ilipo
English: A swale is a technology used to harvest rainwater in a farm located on a slope and allow the water to seep through the farm over time.
Chichewa: swale ndi ukadaulo umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokolola madzi a mvula pa munda umene uli malo otsetseleka ndikulola madzi kuti alowelele mkati mwa munda
English: The length of the swales must be equivalent to the length of the ridges
Chichewa: kutalika kwa swale kukhale kofanana ndi kutalika kwa zitunda/mizere
English: A swale is a soil and water conservation technology
Chichewa: Swale ndi luso lomwe limathandiza kusunga nthaka ndi madzi
English: It holds rain water and reduces effects of surface runoff
Chichewa: Imasunga madzi amvula ndikuchepetsa zotsatira za kusefukira kwamadzi
English: Reduces nitrate leaching because of minimal mechanical disturbance of soil;
Chichewa: zimachepetsa kukokoloka kwa nitirati chifukwa chosasokoneza nthaka
English: Planting crops under Msangusangu trees;
Chichewa: Kubzala mbewu pansi pa mitengo ya Msangusangu;
English: Increased water infiltration into the soil
Chichewa: kuchuluka kwa madzi olowa nthaka
English: Beekeeping is a profitable enterprise that is undertaken by subsistence farmers as well as commercial farmers in Malawi.
Chichewa: ulimi wa njuchi ndi wopindulisa umene umapangidwa ndi alimi ang'onoang'o komanso alimi akuluakulu
English: Provide clean drinking water near the beehives, for bees to drink
Chichewa: kumasiya madzi oyera bwino pafupi ndi kuti njuchi zizimwa.
English: Hang the beehives within the farm and/or surrounding vegetation
Chichewa: Ponyani ming'oma ya njuchi pafamu ndi/kapena zomera zozungulira
English: Large quantities of crop yield are destroyed by storage pests and diseases, resulting in food insecurity among farming families.
Chichewa: chakudya chambiri chikakololedwa chimaonongeka ndi tizilomba posunga zomwe zimabweretsa kusowa kwa chakudya pamaanja
English: Post-harvest challenges faced by farmers in Malawi tend to be given limited attention by farmers and the agricultural sector as a whole, compared to pre-harvest operations
Chichewa: ziphinjo zimene alimi amakumana nazo akakolola mbewu ku munda sizipatsidwa chidwi kwmabirir kusiyana ndi ziphinja zomwe makumana nazo asanabzale
English: There are limited technologies developed and limited extension services provided for post-harvest than for field operations.
Chichewa: pali ukadaulo  ndi ulangizi ochepa umene umaperekedwa kwa alimi okhudza kasamalidwe ka mbewu zikakololedwa kusiyana ndi ulangizi wapamunda
English: Post-harvest handling is about preparing the harvest into a most suitable form for consumers and industry
Chichewa: Kusamalira pambuyo pokolola ndikukonzekera zokolola kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa ogula ndi mafakitale
English: For a long time, post-harvest losses were mostly regarded as only those occurring in storage.
Chichewa: kwa nthawi yaitali kuluzazidwa kwa zokolola kumatengedwa ngati kumadza pamen zokolola zili mu nkhokwe
English: Winnow and clean the grain
Chichewa: petani ndi kuyeretsa mbewuyo