dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: During his early life he had an operation on his genitals which generated rumours that he had only one testicle or half a penis; such rumours were used by opponents to ridicule him and by supporters to bolster the claim that he was willing to make severe sacrifices for the revolutionary cause
Chichewa: Ali wamng'ono anachitidwa opareshoni pa maliseche ake zomwe zinapangitsa mphekesera kuti anali ndi testicle imodzi yokha kapena theka la mbolo; mphekesera zotere zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi otsutsa kuti amunyoze komanso omutsatira kulimbikitsa zonena kuti anali wokonzeka kudzipereka kwambiri pazachiwembuzo
English: While married to Hayfron, in 1987 Mugabe began an extra-marital affair with his secretary, Grace Marufu; she was 41 years his junior and at the time was married to Stanley Goreraza
Chichewa: Pamene anakwatiwa ndi Hayfron, mu 1987 Mugabe anayamba chibwenzi ndi mlembi wake, Grace Marufu; anali ndi zaka 41 ndipo panthawiyo adakwatiwa ndi Stanley Goreraza
English: In 1988 she bore Mugabe a daughter, Bona, and in 1990 a son, Robert. The relationship was kept secret from the Zimbabwean public; Hayfron was aware of it
Chichewa: Mu 1988 adabala Mugabe mwana wamkazi, Bona, ndipo mu 1990 mwana wamwamuna, Robert. Ubalewu udabisidwa kwa anthu aku Zimbabwe; Hayfron ankadziwa
English: According to her niece Patricia Bekele, with whom she was particularly close, Hayfron was not happy that Mugabe had an affair with Marufu but "she did what she used to tell me to do
Chichewa: Malinga ndi mphwake Patricia Bekele, yemwe ankakondana naye kwambiri, Hayfron sanasangalale kuti Mugabe anali ndi chibwenzi ndi Marufu koma 'adachita zomwe amandiuza kuti ndichite
English: Talk to your pillow if you have problems in your marriage. Never, ever, humiliate your husband.' Her motto was to carry on in gracious style". Hayfron died in 1992 from a chronic kidney ailment
Chichewa: Lankhulani ndi pilo wanu ngati muli ndi mavuto m'banja lanu. Usamachititse manyazi mwamuna wako.' Liwu lake linali kupitiriza mwaulemu '. Hayfron anamwalira mu 1992 ndi matenda a impso
English: During the guerrilla war, Ian Smith referred to Mugabe as "the apostle of Satan"
Chichewa: Pankhondo ya zigawenga, Ian Smith anatchula Mugabe kuti 'mtumwi wa Satana'
English: Two years later, he proclaimed Malawi a republic with himself as the first president. He consolidated power and later declared Malawi a one-party state under the Malawi Congress Party (MCP)
Chichewa: Patatha zaka ziwiri, adalengeza kuti dziko la Malawi ndi republic pomwe iye adakhala mtsogoleri wa dziko woyamba. Adaphatikiza mphamvu ndipo kenaka adalengeza kuti Malawi ndi dziko lachipani chimodzi pansi pa chipani cha Malawi Congress Party (MCP)
English: In 1970, the MCP made him the party's President for Life. In 1971, he became president for Life of Malawi itself
Chichewa: Mu 1970, MCP idamupanga kukhala mtsogoleri wa dziko Wamoyo Wachipanichi. Mu 1971 adakhala mtsogoleri wa dziko wa Life of Malawi yemweyo
English: He generally supported women's rights, improved the country's infrastructure and barely maintained a good educational system relative to other African countries
Chichewa: Ankathandizira ufulu wa amayi, kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha dziko komanso kukhalabe ndi maphunziro abwino poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena a mu Africa
English: However, he presided over one of the most repressive regimes in Africa, an era that saw political opponents regularly tortured and murdered
Chichewa: Komabe, iye adatsogolera limodzi mwa maulamuliro opondereza kwambiri mu Africa, nthawi yomwe adani andale ankazunzidwa komanso kuphedwa pafupipafupi
English: Human rights groups estimate that at least 6,000 people were killed, tortured and jailed without trial
Chichewa: Magulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe akuti pafupifupi anthu zikwi ndi chimodzi ndizitatuadaphedwa, kuzunzidwa komanso kutsekeredwa m'ndende popanda kuzenga mlandu
English: As many as 18,000 people were killed during his rule, according to one estimate. His rule has been characterised as a "highly repressive autocracy
Chichewa: Anthu okwana zikwi khumi ndizisanu kudzanso zitatu anaphedwa mu ulamuliro wake, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina. Ulamuliro wake umadziwika kuti ndi 'ulamuliro wopondereza kwambiri
English: He received criticism for maintaining full diplomatic relations with the apartheid government in South Africa
Chichewa: Adadzudzulidwa chifukwa chosunga ubale wawo ndi boma la tsankho ku South Africa
English: By 1993, amid increasing domestic and international pressure, he agreed to hold a referendum which ended the one-party system
Chichewa: Pofika m’chaka cha 1993, m’kati mwa mavuto akuchulukirachulukira m’mayiko ndi m’mayiko osiyanasiyana, iye anavomera kuti pakhale referendum yomwe inathetsa dongosolo la chipani chimodzi
English: Soon afterwards, a special assembly ended his life-term presidency and stripped him of most of his powers
Chichewa: Posakhalitsa, msonkhano wapadera unathetsa utsogoleri wa moyo wake wonse ndikumulanda mphamvu zambiri
English: Banda ran for president in the democratic elections that followed and was defeated. He died in South Africa on 25 November 1997
Chichewa: A Banda adapikisana nawo paudindo wa mtsogoleri wa dziko pazisankho za ufulu wodzilamulira zomwe zidachitika ndipo adagonja. Anamwalira ku South Africa pa 25 November chaka cha 1997
English: His date of birth is unknown, as it took place when there was no birth registration documentation, but Banda himself often gave his date of birth as 14 May 1906
Chichewa: Tsiku lake lobadwa silikudziwika, chifukwa zidachitika pomwe panalibe zikalata zolembetsa, koma Banda mwiniwake nthawi zambiri amatchula tsiku lake lobadwa ngati 14 May 1906
English: Later, when presented with evidence of certain tribal customs by a friend, Banda said: "No one knows the hour, the date, the month or the year in which I was born, although I now accept the evidence that you give me – March or April 1898
Chichewa: Pambuyo pake, atapatsidwa umboni wa miyambo ina ya fuko ndi mnzake, Banda adati: 'Palibe amene akudziwa ola, tsiku, mwezi kapena chaka chomwe ndinabadwa, ngakhale pano ndikuvomereza umboni womwe mumandipatsa - March. kapena April 1898
English: He left his village school near Mtunthama for his maternal grandparents' home and attended Chayamba Primary School in Chikondwa
Chichewa: Adachoka kusukulu kwawo kufupi ndi Mtunthama kwa agogo ake amake ndipo adakaphunzira ku Chayamba Primary School ku Chikondwa
English: The name Kamnkhwala, meaning "little medicine", was replaced with Kamuzu, which means "little root"
Chichewa: Dzina lakuti Kamnkhwala, kutanthauza kuti 'mankhwala ang'onoang'ono,' m'malo mwake anaikamo Kamuzu kutanthauza kuti 'kazu kakang'ono'
English: The name Kamuzu was given to him because he was conceived after his mother had been given root herbs by a medicine man to cure infertility
Chichewa: Dzina lakuti Kamuzu anapatsidwa chifukwa anapatsidwa pathupi mayi ake atapatsidwa zitsamba za mizu ndi sing’anga kuti achiritse kusabereka
English: He took the Christian name of Hastings after being baptised into the Church of Scotland by Dr George Prentice, a Scot, in 1910, naming himself after John Hastings, a Scottish missionary working near his village whom he admired. The prefix "doctor" was earned through his education
Chichewa: Adatenga dzina lachikhristu la Hastings atabatizidwa mu Church of Scotland ndi Dr George Prentice, waku Scotland, mu 1910, adadzitcha dzina la John Hastings, mmishonale waku Scotland yemwe amagwira ntchito pafupi ndi mudzi wake yemwe amasilira. Mawu akuti 'dokotala' adapezedwa ndi maphunziro ake
English: Around 1915–1916, Banda left home on foot with Hanock Msokera Phiri, an uncle who had been a teacher at the nearby Livingstonia mission school, for Hartley, Southern Rhodesia (now Chegutu, Zimbabwe)
Chichewa: Cha m’ma 1915–1916, Banda anachoka kwawo wapansi ndi Hanock Msokera Phiri, amalume amene anali mphunzitsi pasukulu ya mishoni ya Livingstonia, kupita ku Hartley, Southern Rhodesia (tsopano Chegutu, Zimbabwe)
English: He apparently wanted to enroll at the famous Scottish Presbyterian Lovedale Missionary Institute in South Africa but completed his Standard 8 education without studying there
Chichewa: Zikuoneka kuti ankafuna kukalembetsa ku Scottish Presbyterian Lovedale Missionary Institute ku South Africa koma anamaliza maphunziro ake a Sitandade 8 popanda kuphunzira kumeneko
English: In 1917, he left on foot for Johannesburg in South Africa. During this time, he met Bishop William Tecumseh Vernon of the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) who offered to pay his tuition fee at a Methodist school in the United States if he could pay his own passage. In 1925, he left for New York
Chichewa: Mu 1917, ananyamuka wapansi kupita ku Johannesburg ku South Africa. Panthawiyi, anakumana ndi Bishopu William Tecumseh Vernon wa mpingo wa African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) yemwe adadzipereka kuti azimulipirira sukulu ya Methodist ku United States ngati akanatha kudzilipira yekha ndime yake. Mu 1925, anapita ku New York
English: During this time he enjoyed financial support from Mrs Smith, whose husband, Douglas Smith, had made fortunes from patent medicines and Pepsodent toothpaste
Chichewa: Pa nthawiyi ankasangalala ndi thandizo la ndalama lochokera kwa Mayi Smith, amene mwamuna wake, Douglas Smith, adapeza chuma chochuluka kuchokera ku mankhwala a patent ndi mankhwala otsukira mano a Pepsodent
English: He then, still with financial support from these and other benefactors), studied medicine at Meharry Medical College in Tennessee, from which he obtained an M.D. degree in 1937
Chichewa: Pa nthawiyi ankasangalala ndi chithandizo chandalama kuchokera kwa Iye ndiye, akadali ndi chithandizo chandalama kuchokera kwa awa ndi othandizira ena), adaphunzira udokotala pa Meharry Medical College ku Tennessee, komwe adalandira digiri ya MD mu 1937
English: Banda became the second Malawian person to receive a medical degree, following Daniel Sharpe Malekebu
Chichewa: Banda adakhala munthu wachiwiri ku Malawi kulandira digiri ya udokotala, kutsatira Daniel Sharpe Malekebu
English: While studying at Meharry Medical College in Tennessee, Banda married Robertine Edmonds in 1934[21].
Chichewa: Ali ku Meharry Medical College ku Tennessee, Banda anakwatira Robertine Edmonds mu 1934[21].
English: To practise medicine in territories of the British Empire, however, Banda was apparently required to gain a second medical degree
Chichewa: Komabe, kuti azigwira ntchito zachipatala m'madera a Ufumu wa Britain, Banda ayenera kuti adalandira digiri yachiwiri ya udokotala
English: He attended the University of Edinburgh and was subsequently awarded a Scottish triple diploma in 1941
Chichewa: Anapita ku yunivesite ya Edinburgh ndipo pambuyo pake anapatsidwa dipuloma ya ku Scotland mu 1941
English: His studies were funded by stipends of £300 per year from the government of Nyasaland (to facilitate his return there as a doctor) and from the Church of Scotland; neither of these benefactors was aware of the other
Chichewa: Maphunziro ake ankathandizidwa ndi ndalama zokwana £300 pachaka zochokera ku boma la Nyasaland (kuti athandize kubwerera kwake kumeneko ngati dokotala) komanso kuchokera ku Church of Scotland; Palibe mwa opindulawa amene ankadziwa za ena
English: When he enrolled for courses in tropical diseases in Liverpool, the Nyasaland government terminated his stipend
Chichewa: Pamene adalembetsa maphunziro a matenda a tropical Disease ku Liverpool, boma la Nyasaland linathetsa ndalama zake
English: He was forced to leave Liverpool when he refused on conscientious grounds to be conscripted as an Army doctor. He also became an elder of a parish in the Church of Scotland
Chichewa: Anakakamizika kuchoka ku Liverpool pamene anakana chifukwa cha chikumbumtima kuti alembetsedwe ngati dokotala wa asilikali. Anakhalanso mkulu wa parishi ku Church of Scotland
English: In 1944, he met Merene French, the daughter-in-law of one of his patients, and began a relationship with her
Chichewa: Mu 1944, anakumana ndi Merene French, mpongozi wa mmodzi wa odwala ake, ndipo anayamba chibwenzi naye
English: Reportedly, he avoided returning to Nyasaland for fear that his new-found financial resources would be consumed by his extended family back home
Chichewa: pali mphekesera kuti adazemba kubwerera ku Nyasaland kuopa kuti ndalama zomwe adapezazi zitha kudyedwa ndi achibale ake kwawo
English: In 1945, at the behest of Chief Mwase of Kasungu, whom he had met in England in 1939, and other politically active Malawians, he represented the Nyasaland African Congress at the Fifth Pan-African Congress in Manchester
Chichewa: M’chaka cha 1945, molamulidwa ndi mfumu Mwase wa ku Kasungu, yemwe adakumana naye ku England mu 1939, ndi Amalawi ena okonda ndale, adayimira Nyasaland African Congress pa Fifth Pan-African Congress ku Manchester
English: This conference was attended by other future African leaders, Jomo Kenyatta and Kwame Nkrumah. With help from sympathetic Britons, he also lobbied in London on behalf of the Congress
Chichewa: Msonkhanowu unapezeka ndi atsogoleri ena amtsogolo a ku Africa, Jomo Kenyatta ndi Kwame Nkrumah. Mothandizidwa ndi a Britons achifundo, adapemphanso ku London m'malo mwa Congress
English: It was rumoured with some excitement that he would return to Nyasaland in 1951, but he moved instead to the Gold Coast in West Africa
Chichewa: Mphekesera zinamveka mosangalala kuti abwerera ku Nyasaland mu 1951, koma adasamukira ku Gold Coast ku West Africa
English: He went there partly because of a scandal involving his receptionist in Harlesden, Merene French (Mrs French); despite reports that she became pregnant with his child, this has never been confirmed
Chichewa: Anapita kumeneko mwina chifukwa cha chipongwe chokhudza wolandira alendo ku Harlesden, Merene French (Mayi French); ngakhale malipoti akuti anatenga pakati pa mwana wake, izi sizinatsimikizidwe
English: Banda was cited as co-respondent in the divorce of Mr French and accused of adultery with Mrs French
Chichewa: Banda adatchulidwa ngati woyankha pa chisudzulo cha Mr French ndikuimbidwa mlandu wokhala ndi A French
English: She followed Banda to West Africa, but he wanted nothing more to do with her
Chichewa: Anamutsatira Banda ku West Africa, koma iye sakufunanso kanthu.
English: He agreed to return, but asked for some time to sort out a few private matters
Chichewa: Adavomera kubwerera koma adapempha kuti athetse nkhani zina zachinsinsi
English: The delegation returned without him and proceeded to make arrangements for his imminent return
Chichewa: Nthumwiyo inabwerera popanda iye ndipo inakonza zoti abwerenso komwe kunali pafupi.
English: After two false starts, including a fracas between the police and African crowds threatening to storm a BOAC aeroplane rumoured to be carrying Dr Banda at Chileka Airport, Banda finally made a showing on 6 July 1958 after an absence of about 42 years
Chichewa: Zitachitika zinthu ziwiri zabodza, kuphatikizirapo kusamvana pakati pa apolisi ndi makamu a anthu aku Africa omwe akuwopseza kuti aphulitsa ndege ya BOAC yomwe mphekesera zoti idanyamula Dr Banda pa bwalo la ndege la chileka.A Banda adaonekela koyamba pa Bwaloli patatha zaka pafupi fupi makumi anayi ndi ziwiri chichokeleni
English: He soon began touring the country, speaking against the Central African Federation (also known as the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland), and urging its citizens to become members of the party
Chichewa: Posakhalitsa anayamba kuyendayenda m’dziko muno, kuyankhula zonyoza bungwe la Central African Federation (lomwe limadziwikanso kuti Federation of Rhodesia ndi Nyasaland), ndikulimbikitsa nzika zake kukhala mamembala a chipanichi
English: Allegedly, he was so out of practice in his native Chichewa that he needed an interpreter, a role which was apparently performed by John Msonthi and later by John Tembo, who remained close to him for most of his career)
Chichewa: Zikuoneka kuti anali atachoka m’Chichewa chakwawo moti ankafunika womasulira, ntchito imene John Msonthi ankaigwira kenako ndi John Tembo, yemwe nthawi zambiri ankakhala naye pafupi)
English: He was received enthusiastically wherever he spoke, and resistance to imperialism among the Malawians became increasingly common
Chichewa: Anamulandila mosangalala kulikonse komwe amalankhula, ndipo kukana ufumu wa dziko la Malawi kudayamba kuchulukirachulukira
English: By February 1959, the situation had become serious enough that Rhodesian troops were flown in to help keep order, and a state of emergency was declared
Chichewa: Pofika mwezi wa February 1959, zinthu zinali zitafika poipa moti asilikali a Rhodesian anatumizidwa kuti athandize kusunga bata, ndipo kunalengezedwa kuti pali ngozi.
English: The mood in Britain, meanwhile, had long been moving towards decolonisation due to pressure from its colonies
Chichewa: Panthawiyi, ku Britain kunali kusuntha kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa ndi madera ake
English: Banda was released from prison in April 1960 and was almost immediately invited to London for talks aimed at bringing about independence
Chichewa: Banda anatuluka m’ndende mu April 1960 ndipo nthawi yomweyo anaitanidwa ku London kukakamba nkhani zobweretsa ufulu wodzilamulira
English: Elections were held in August 1961. While Banda was technically nominated as Minister of Land, Natural Resources and Local Government, he became de facto Prime Minister of Nyasaland – a title granted to him formally on 1 February 1963
Chichewa: Chisankho chinachitika mu August 1961. Pamene a Banda adasankhidwa kukhala nduna ya malo, zachilengedwe ndi maboma ang'onoang'ono, adakhala nduna yayikulu ya Nyasaland - dzina lomwe adapatsidwa pa 1 February 1963
English: He and his fellow MCP ministers quickly expanded secondary education, reformed the so-called Native Courts, ended certain colonial agricultural tariffs and made other reforms
Chichewa: Iye ndi nduna zinzake za MCP mwamsanga anakulitsa maphunziro a kusekondale, kukonzanso makhoti otchedwa Native Courts, kuthetsa mitengo ina yaulimi yautsamunda ndikusintha zina
English: It was Banda himself who chose the name "Malawi" for the former Nyasaland; he had seen it on an old French map as the name of a "Lake Maravi" in the land of the Bororos, and liked the sound and appearance of the word as "Malawi"
Chichewa: Ndi Banda yemwe adasankha dzina loti 'Malawi' kutchula Nyasaland wakale; Analiwona pa mapu akale achifalansa ngati dzina la 'Nyanja ya Maravi' m'dziko la Bororo, ndipo anakonda kumveka ndi maonekedwe a mawu akuti 'Malawi'
English: On 6 July 1964, exactly six years after Banda's return to the country, Nyasaland gained independence and renamed itself Malawi
Chichewa: Pa 6 July 1964, zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndendende Banda atabwerera m’dziko muno, Nyasaland inalandira ufulu wodzilamulira ndipo inadzitcha kuti Malawi
English: Barely a month after independence, Malawi suffered the Cabinet Crisis of 1964. Banda had already been accused of autocratic tendencies
Chichewa: Patangotha ​​mwezi umodzi dziko la Malawi litalandira ufulu wodzilamulira, lidakumana ndi vuto la Cabinet la 1964.
English: Several of Banda's ministers presented him with proposals designed to limit his powers. Banda responded by dismissing four of the ministers
Chichewa: Nduna zingapo za a Banda zidamupatsa malingaliro oti achepetse mphamvu zake. Adayankha choncho Banda pochotsa nduna zinayi
English: Other ministers resigned in sympathy. The dissidents fled the country. Malawi adopted a new constitution on 6 July 1966, in which the country was declared a republic
Chichewa: Atumiki ena anasiya ntchito chifukwa cha chifundo. Otsutsawo anathawa m’dzikolo. Dziko la Malawi lidalandira malamulo atsopano pa 6 July 1966, pomwe dzikolo lidadziwika kuti ndi Republic
English: Banda was elected the country's first president for a five-year term; he was the only candidate
Chichewa: Banda adasankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri woyamba wa dziko lino kwa zaka zisanu; anali yekha candidate
English: However, the country had already been a de facto one-party state since independence. The new constitution effectively turned Banda's presidency into a legal dictatorship
Chichewa: Komabe, dzikolo linali kale lachipani chimodzi kuyambira pomwe lidalandira ufulu wodzilamulira. Malamulo atsopanowa adasandutsa utsogoleri wa a Banda kukhala ulamuliro wankhanza.
English: In 1970, a congress of the MCP declared Banda its president for life. In 1971, the legislature declared Banda President for Life of Malawi as well
Chichewa: Mu 1970, chipani cha MCP chinalengeza kuti a Banda ndi mtsogoleri wadziko lonse. Mu 1971, nyumba yamalamulo idalengeza kuti a Banda ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko wa Moyo wa Malawi.
English: Banda was mostly viewed externally as a benign, albeit eccentric, leader, an image fostered by his English-style three-piece suits, matching handkerchiefs, walking stick and fly-whisk
Chichewa: Nthawi zambiri a Banda ankamuona ngati mtsogoleri wabwino, ngakhale wongooneka bwino, yemwe analimbikitsidwa ndi ma suti ake achingelezi atatu, mipango yofananira, ndodo ndi whisk
English: Banda himself bluntly summed up his approach to ruling the country by saying, "Everything is my business. Everything. Anything I say is law...literally law." Within Malawi, views on him ranged from cult-like devotion to fear
Chichewa: Nayenso Banda adafotokoza mosapita m'mbali momwe angalamulire dzikolo ponena kuti, 'Chilichonse ndi ntchito yanga. Chirichonse. Chilichonse chimene ndikunena ndi lamulo... kwenikweni lamulo.' M'dziko la Malawi, anthu ankaona kuti iye ndi wodzipereka kwambiri komanso amantha
English: In 1983, three ministers – Dick Matenje, Twaibu Sangala, Aaron Gadama – and Member of Parliament David Chiwanga died in what was labelled officially as a "traffic accident"
Chichewa: Mu 1983, nduna zitatu - Dick Matenje, Twaibu Sangala, Aaron Gadama - ndi phungu wa Nyumba ya Malamulo David Chiwanga adamwalira pa ngozi yomwe idadziwika kuti ndi ngozi yapamsewu
English: Banda had invited an "internal debate on pending multiparty democracy" in Malawi
Chichewa: Banda adayitana mkangano wamkati wokhudza ufulu wodzilamulira ya zipani zambiri m'Malawi
English: During a cabinet meeting, the three ministers had voiced support for the multiparty idea, effectively challenging Banda's claim to life presidency
Chichewa: Pamsonkhano wa nduna zitatuzo nduna zitatuzo zidanenetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi ganizo la zipani zambiri, zomwe zidatsutsa zomwe a Banda adafuna kukhala mtsogoleri wadziko lonse
English: Angered, Banda promptly "dissolved cabinet" and announced that parliament would meet immediately
Chichewa: Mokwiya, a Banda nthawi yomweyo 'adathetsa nduna' ndipo adalengeza kuti nyumba ya malamulo ikumana nthawi yomweyo
English: At the end of that sitting of parliament, everyone in the chambers was effectively stripped of their political status
Chichewa: Kumapeto kwa msonkhano wanyumba yamalamulo, aliyense m’zipanizo adachotsedwa pa ndale
English: The three men were then rounded up at the Zomba Parliament buildings for questioning. Chiwanga happened on them being tortured in a back room and had to be silenced too
Chichewa: Anthu atatuwa adawatola kunyumba ya Nyumba ya Malamulo ku Zomba kuti akawafunse mafunso. Chiwanga chinachitika pa iwo akuzunzidwa m'chipinda chakumbuyo ndipo adayeneranso kutonthola
English: The four were later bundled into Matenje's Peugeot 604 and driven to Thambani in Mwanza District, west of Blantyre, where the accident was staged
Chichewa: Anayiwo adawanyamula mu galimoto ya Peugeot 604 ya Matenje ndikupita ku Thambani m’boma la Mwanza kumadzulo kwa mzinda wa Blantyre komwe ngoziyi idachitikira
English: Sources reported that their car had "overturned while the men had been attempting to escape into neighbouring Mozambique"
Chichewa: Magwero ati galimoto yawo 'idagubuduka pomwe anthuwo amayesa kuthawira m'dziko loyandikana nalo la Mozambique'
English: Later, it was found out they had been killed by having tent pins hammered into their heads. Banda ordered a night burial and mandated that the caskets not be opened for a last viewing
Chichewa: Pambuyo pake, zinapezeka kuti anaphedwa chifukwa chokhomeredwa zikhomo m’mutu mwawo. A Banda analamula kuti maliro akhazikike usiku ndipo analamula kuti mabokosiwo asatsegulidwe kuti anthu aziwaona komaliza
English: During Banda's presidency, Malawi initially refused to establish diplomatic relations with any of the governments of Eastern Europe or Asia (however, relations were later established with North Korea in 1982[32] and with Romania and Albania in 1985)
Chichewa: Pautsogoleri wa a Banda, dziko la Malawi linakana kukhazikitsa ubale waukazembe ndi maboma aliwonse a kum'mawa kwa Ulaya kapena Asia (koma ubale unakhazikitsidwa ndi North Korea mu 1982[32] komanso ndi Romania ndi Albania mu 1985)
English: Banda was one of the few African leaders to support the United States in the Vietnam War, a position he adopted in part due to his hatred of communism
Chichewa: Banda anali m'modzi mwa atsogoleri ochepa a mu Africa omwe adathandizira dziko la America pankhondo ya Vietnam, udindo womwe adautengera pang'ono chifukwa chodana ndi chikominisi
English: They threatened to expel Malawi from the Organization of African Unity until Banda left power
Chichewa: Iwo adawopseza kuti achotsa dziko la Malawi mubungwe la Organisation of African Unity mpaka Banda atasiya ulamuliro
English: Banda responded by accusing other African countries of hypocrisy, saying in a public speech to his parliament: "There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats" (Julius Caesar)
Chichewa: A Banda adayankha poimba mlandu wina wa Chinyengo, nati polankhula ku Nyumba Yamalamulo 'Palibe zoopsa, Casius Caesara)
English: He told them to concentrate on convincing the South African government that apartheid was unnecessary
Chichewa: Anawauza kuti akhazikike pakulimbikitsa boma la South Africa kuti tsankho linali losafunikira
English: Furthermore, he added that "[African leaders] practice disunity, not unity, while posing as the liberators of Africa
Chichewa: Komanso, iye anawonjezera kuti '[Atsogoleri a ku Africa] amachita kusagwirizana, osati mgwirizano, pamene akudziwonetsera ngati omasula Africa
English: Banda was the only African ruler to establish diplomatic ties with South Africa during apartheid as well as the Portuguese regime in Mozambique
Chichewa: Banda anali wolamulira yekha mu Africa amene adakhazikitsa ubale waukazembe ndi dziko la South Africa panthawi ya tsankho komanso ulamuliro wa Apwitikizi ku Mozambique
English: After the cabinet crisis in 1964, Banda became increasingly isolated in African politics
Chichewa: Pambuyo pavuto la nduna m’chaka cha 1964, Banda adayamba kudzipatula ku ndale za mu Africa
English: By the 1980s, Banda supported both the government and the guerrilla movement during the Mozambique civil war
Chichewa: Pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1980, a Banda ankathandiza boma komanso zigawenga pa nthawi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Mozambique.
English: He successfully gave the Malawi Army and Malawi Young Pioneers opposing missions in Mozambique from 1987 to 1992
Chichewa: Anapereka bwino gulu la Malawi Army and Malawi Young Pioneers ku Mozambique kuyambira 1987 mpaka 1992
English: He had the Malawi Army support the Mozambican government, controlled by FRELIMO after the country's independence in 1975, to defend Malawi's interests in Mozambique
Chichewa: Anali ndi gulu lankhondo la Malawi kuti lithandize boma la Mozambique lomwe linkalamulidwa ndi FRELIMO dzikolo litalandira ufulu wodzilamulira mu 1975 pofuna kuteteza zofuna za Malawi ku Mozambique
English: This was done formally through an agreement in 1984 with Samora Machel. Simultaneously, Banda used the MYP as couriers and active supporters of the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), which had been fighting against Machel's government since the late 1970s
Chichewa: Izi zidachitika mwamgwirizano mu 1984 ndi Samora Machel. Nthawi yomweyo, a Banda adagwiritsa ntchito MYP ngati amithenga komanso ochirikiza gulu la Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), lomwe lakhala likulimbana ndi boma la Machel kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970
English: Malawi was used to channel foreign aid from South Africa's apartheid government. Machel issued a dossier to Frontline States with evidence that Banda was still supporting the insurgents in spite of the 1984 agreement to stop
Chichewa: Dziko la Malawi lidagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka thandizo lakunja kuchokera ku boma la tsankho la South Africa. Machel adapereka chikalata ku Frontline States chosonyeza kuti a Banda akuthandizabe zigawengazo ngakhale adagwirizana mu 1984 kuti asiye
English: By September 1986, Machel, Robert Mugabe, and Kenneth Kaunda visited Banda to persuade him to stop supporting RENAMO
Chichewa: Pofika September 1986, Machel, Robert Mugabe, ndi Kenneth Kaunda anapita ku Banda kukamunyengerera kuti asiye kuchirikiza RENAMO
English: Machel's successor, Joaquim Chissano, continued to complain of Malawi's lack of willingness to stop supporting RENAMO
Chichewa: Polowa m'malo mwa Machel, Joaquim Chissano, adapitiliza kudandaula kuti Malawi akufunitsitsa kusiya kuchirikiza Renamo Tamona.
English: Banda however was trying to keep Malawian interests in the Port of Nacala in Mozambique and did not want to rely on Tanzania and South Africa ports for its imports and exports due to the expense
Chichewa: Koma a Banda amayesetsa kuti zofuna za Amalawi zikhale pa doko la Nacala ku Mozambique ndipo sadafune kudalira madoko a Tanzania ndi South Africa kuti alowe ndi kutumiza kunja chifukwa cha ndalamazo
English: Mozambique and Malawi came to an agreement to place troops from both countries in Nayuchi near the port
Chichewa: Dziko la Mozambique ndi Malawi adagwirizana zoti akhazikitse asilikali a maiko onse awiri ku Nayuchi pafupi ndi doko
English: Incidents of Malawi Army members being killed over the course of four years angered the Army because MYP members were involved with the insurgents, essentially pitting the two against each other
Chichewa: Zochitika za kuphedwa kwa asirikali a Malawi pazaka zinayi zidakwiyitsa asirikali ankhondo chifukwa a MYP adachita nawo zigawengazo, makamaka adakangana awiriwa
English: Western leaders and international aid donors no longer had any use for authoritarian anti-Communist regimes in the Third World, all of which came under mounting pressure to democratize
Chichewa: Atsogoleri aku Western ndi opereka thandizo la mayiko akunja sanagwiritsenso ntchito maulamuliro opondereza odana ndi Chikomyunizimu m'dziko lachitatu, zonse zomwe zidakakamizidwa kuti zikhazikitse ufulu wodzilamulira
English: Donors told Banda that he had to implement reforms aimed at making his government transparent and accountable to the people and the international community as a condition for further aid
Chichewa: Madonors adauza a Banda kuti akuyenera kuchita zosintha zomwe cholinga chake chinali kupanga boma lake kukhala lochita zinthu poyera komanso loyankha kwa anthu ndi mayiko onse pofuna thandizo lina
English: The British government also stopped their financial support. In March 1992, Catholic bishops in Malawi issued a Lenten pastoral letter that criticized Banda and his government
Chichewa: Boma la Britain linasiyanso thandizo lawo la ndalama. Mu March 1992, mabishopu a Katolika ku Malawi analemba kalata ya Lenten yodzudzula Banda ndi boma lake
English: Students of the University of Malawi at Chancellor College and the Polytechnic joined protests and demonstrations to support the bishops, forcing authorities to close the campuses
Chichewa: Ophunzira akusukulu ya ukachenjede ya Malawi pasukulu ya ukachenjede ya Chancellor College ndi Polytechnic adachita nawo ziwonetsero komanso zionetsero zolimbikitsa maepiskopiwo zomwe zidakakamiza akuluakulu a boma kuti atseke masukuluwo
English: In April 1992, Chakufwa Chihana, a labour unionist, openly called for a national referendum on the political future of Malawi
Chichewa: Mu April 1992, Chakufwa Chihana, yemwe ndi mkulu wa bungwe la ogwira ntchito, adapempha poyera kuti pakhale chisankho chokhudza tsogolo la ndale la Malawi
English: He was arrested before he finished his speech at Lilongwe International Airport. By October 1992, this mounting pressure from within and from the international community forced Banda to concede to hold a referendum on whether to maintain the one-party state
Chichewa: Adamangidwa asanamalize zokamba zake pabwalo la ndege la Lilongwe. Pofika mwezi wa October 1992, chipwirikiti chokulirakuliraku chochokera m'mayiko ndi mayiko ena chinachititsa kuti a Banda avomere kupanga referendum kuti boma la chipani chimodzi lipitirirebe
English: The referendum was held on 14 June 1993, resulting in an overwhelming vote (64 percent) in favour of multiparty democracy
Chichewa: Referendum inachitika pa 14 June 1993, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mavoti ambiri (64 peresenti) avomereze ufulu wodzilamulira ya zipani zambiri
English: After this, political parties besides the MCP were formed and preparation for the general elections began
Chichewa: Zitatha izi, zipani za ndale kupatula MCP zidakhazikitsidwa ndipo kukonzekera zisankho kudayamba
English: Banda worked with the newly forming parties and the church, and made no protest when a special assembly stripped him of his title of President for Life, along with most of his powers
Chichewa: A Banda adagwira ntchito ndi zipani zomwe zidangokhazikitsidwa kumene komanso mpingo, ndipo sanachite ziwonetsero pomwe msonkhano wapadera unamuchotsera udindo wake wa President of Life, komanso mphamvu zake zambiri
English: The transition from one of the most repressive regimes in Africa to democracy was fairly peaceful
Chichewa: Kusintha kuchokera ku maulamuliro opondereza kwambiri mu Africa kupita ku ufulu wodzilamulira kunali kwamtendere
English: In 1995, Banda was arrested and charged with the murder, ten years previously, of former cabinet colleagues. He was acquitted due to lack of evidence
Chichewa: Mu 1995, a Banda anamangidwa ndikuimbidwa mlandu wopha anzake omwe kale anali nduna ya boma zaka khumi zapitazo. Anamasulidwa chifukwa chosowa umboni
English: Banda remained quite unrepentant in his opinion of Malawians, calling them "children in politics" and saying they would miss his iron-fisted rule
Chichewa: Banda sanalape m'malingaliro ake kwa Amalawi, kuwatcha 'ana ndale' ndikunena kuti adzaphonya ulamuliro wake wachitsulo
English: A statement of apology was issued on 4 January 1996 in the name of H. Kamuzu Banda to the people of his nation shortly after being acquitted in the Mwanza Trials
Chichewa: Chikalata chopepesa chidaperekedwa pa 4 January chaka cha 1996 m’dzina la H. Kamuzu Banda kwa anthu amtundu wake atangotulutsidwa pamlandu wa Mwanza
English: The statement was met with controversy, suspicion and disdain. It was also questioned whether Banda wrote the statement himself or if someone wrote it on his behalf
Chichewa: Mawuwa adakumana ndi mkangano, kukayikira komanso kunyozedwa. Adafunsidwanso ngati a Banda adalemba yekha chikalatacho kapena wina idalembedwa m'malo mwake
English: Systems of government are dynamic and they are bound to change in accordance with the wishes of and aspirations of the people
Chichewa: Machitidwe a boma ndi amphamvu ndipo ayenera kusintha malinga ndi zofuna ndi zofuna za anthu
English: During my term of office, I selflessly dedicated myself to the good cause of Mother Malawi in the fight against Poverty, Ignorance and Disease among many other issues
Chichewa: Pa nthawi ya udindo wanga, ndinadzipereka modzipereka pa ntchito yabwino ya Amayi Malawi polimbana ndi umphawi, umbuli ndi matenda mwa zina zambiri
English: But if within the process, those who worked in my government or through false pretence in my name or indeed unknowingly by me, pain and suffering was caused to anybody in this country in the name of nationhood, I offer my sincere apologies
Chichewa: Koma ngati mkati mwa ndondomekoyi, omwe adagwira ntchito m'boma langa kapena mwachinyengo m'dzina langa kapena mosadziwa ndi ine, zowawa ndi zowawa zinaperekedwa kwa aliyense m'dziko lino m'dzina la fuko, ndipepesa mtima wanga
English: I also appeal for a spirit of reconciliation and forgiveness amongst us all...Our beautiful country has been nicknamed `The Warm Heart of Africa' and we have been admired for our warmth and spirit of hardwork
Chichewa: Ndikupemphanso mzimu wa chiyanjanitso ndi chikhululukiro pakati pathu tonse...Dziko lathu lokongola latchedwa `Mtima Wofunda wa Africa' ndipo takhala tikuyamikiridwa chifukwa cha chikondi chathu ndi mzimu wolimbikira
English: This admiration calls not only for a need for us to look at our past and present and draw lessons from it, but there is even a greater need for us to look forward to the future in our endeavours to reconstruct and reconcile if we have to move forward at all
Chichewa: Kusirira kumeneku sikungofuna kuti tingofunika kuyang'ana zakale ndi zamakono ndi kutengapo phunziro, koma palinso kufunika kokulirapo kwa ife kuyembekezera zam'tsogolo m'zoyesayesa zathu zomanganso ndi kuyanjanitsa ngati tifunikira kusamuka. patsogolo
English: All adult citizens were required to be members of the MCP. Party cards had to be carried at all times and presented at random police inspections
Chichewa: Anthu onse akuluakulu akuyenera kukhala a MCP. Makhadi achipani amayenera kunyamulidwa nthawi zonse ndikuperekedwa mwachisawawa apolisi
English: The cards were sold, often by Banda's Malawi Young Pioneers (MYP). In some cases, these youths even sold cards to unborn children
Chichewa: Makhadi ankagulitsidwa, nthawi zambiri ndi a Banda a Malawi Young Pioneers (MYP). Nthawi zina, achinyamatawa amagulitsanso makhadi kwa ana osabadwa
English: The Malawi Young Pioneers were the notorious paramilitary wing of the MCP, used to intimidate and harass the public
Chichewa: Gulu la Malawi Young Pioneers linali gulu lodziwika bwino la MCP, lomwe linkakonda kuopseza komanso kuzunza anthu
English: The Pioneers bore arms, conducted espionage and intelligence operations, and were trusted bodyguards for Banda. They helped foster the culture of fear that prevailed during his rule
Chichewa: A Pioneers adanyamula zida, kuchita ntchito zaukazitape komanso za intelligence, komanso anali alonda odalirika a Banda. Anathandiza kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha mantha chomwe chinalipo mu ulamuliro wake
English: Banda was the subject of an extensive cult of personality. Every business building was required to have an official picture of him hanging on the wall, and no poster, clock or picture could be higher than his portrait
Chichewa: Banda anali nkhani yokonda umunthu. Nyumba iliyonse yamabizinesi idafunikira kukhala ndi chithunzi chovomerezeka chake atapachikidwa pakhoma, ndipo palibe chithunzi, wotchi kapena chithunzi chomwe chingakhale chokwera kuposa chithunzi chake
English: Before every film, a video of Banda waving to the people was shown while the anthem played
Chichewa: Isanayambe filimu iliyonse, kanema wa Banda akuweyulira anthu uku akuimbidwa nyimbo ya fuko
English: When Banda visited a city, a contingent of women were expected to greet him at the airport and dance for him
Chichewa: A Banda atayendera mzinda wina, gulu la amayi likuyembekezeka kukamulonjera pabwalo la ndege ndikumuvina
English: A special cloth, bearing the president's picture, was the required attire for these performances
Chichewa: Nsalu yapadera, yokhala ndi chithunzi cha mtsogoleri wa dziko, inali yofunikira pamasewerawa
English: Houses of worship required government approval to operate, and some faiths such as Jehovah's Witnesses were banned entirely
Chichewa: Nyumba zolambirira zinkafunika chilolezo cha boma kuti zizigwira ntchito, ndipo zikhulupiriro zina monga za Mboni za Yehova zinali zoletsedwa kotheratu
English: All films shown in cinemas were first viewed by the Malawi Censorship Board and edited for content
Chichewa: Makanema onse omwe amawonetsedwa m'makanema adawonedwa koyamba ndi a Malawi Censorship Board ndikusinthidwa kuti apezeke
English: Nudity and other socially or politically unacceptable content were barred and movies could not even show couples kissing
Chichewa: Umaliseche ndi zinthu zina zosavomerezeka pagulu kapena ndale zidaletsedwa ndipo makanema sanathe ngakhale kuwonetsa maanja akupsompsona
English: Videotapes had to be sent to the Censorship Board to be viewed. Once edited, the film was given a sticker stating that it was now suitable for viewing and sent back to the owner
Chichewa: Matepi a vidiyo anayenera kutumizidwa ku Bungwe la Censorship Board kuti awonedwe. Kanemayo atasinthidwa, adapatsidwa chomata chonena kuti tsopano ndi choyenera kuwonera ndikutumizidwa kwa eni ake
English: Items to be sold in bookshops were also edited. Pages, or parts of pages, were cut out of magazines like Newsweek and Time
Chichewa: Zinthu zogulitsidwa m'malo ogulitsa mabuku zidasinthidwanso. Masamba, kapena magawo ena amasamba, adadulidwa m'magazini monga Newsweek ndi Time
English: The mass media–a single radio station, a single daily newspaper, and a single weekly newspaper–were tightly controlled and mainly served as outlets for government propaganda, while the government refused to introduce television
Chichewa: Nyumba zoulutsira nkhani—wailesi imodzi, nyuzipepala imodzi yatsiku ndi tsiku, ndi nyuzipepala imodzi yamlungu ndi mlungu—zinali zolamuliridwa mwamphamvu ndipo makamaka zinkakhala ngati zofalitsa zabodza zaboma, pamene boma linakana kuyambitsa wailesi yakanema
English: Knowledge of pre-Banda history was discouraged, and many books on these subjects were burned
Chichewa: Kudziwa mbiri ya Banda asanabadwe kudagwa, ndipo mabuku ambiri okhudza nkhaniyi adawotchedwa
English: Banda allegedly persecuted some of the northern tribes (particularly the Tumbuka), banning their language and books as well as teachers from certain tribes
Chichewa: A Banda akuti amazunza mitundu ina yakumpoto (makamaka a Tumbuka), kuletsa zilankhulo ndi mabuku awo komanso aphunzitsi a mafuko ena
English: Foreigners who broke any of these rules were often declared Prohibited Immigrants and deported
Chichewa: Alendo ophwanya malamulowa nthawi zambiri ankatchedwa Oletsedwa Osamukira kudziko lina ndikuthamangitsidwa
English: His government supervised the people's lives very closely. Early in his rule, Banda instituted a dress code rooted in his socially conservative predilections
Chichewa: Boma lake linkayang’anira miyoyo ya anthu mosamala kwambiri. Kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wake, a Banda adakhazikitsa malamulo oti adzivalira chifukwa chokonda chikhalidwe chake
English: Women were not allowed to wear see-through clothing, to have visible cleavages, trousers, and were not allowed to wear skirts or dresses that went above the knees
Chichewa: Akazi sankaloledwa kuvala zovala zopenya, kuvala ming'alu, mathalauza, komanso kuvala masiketi kapena madiresi opita pamwamba pa mawondo
English: The only exception to this was at vacation resorts and country clubs, where they could not be seen by the general public
Chichewa: Chokhacho chokha pa izi chinali ku malo ochitira tchuthi ndi makalabu akumidzi, komwe anthu sakanatha kuwawona
English: Banda explained that these restrictions were not designed to oppress women, but instill respect and dignity for them
Chichewa: A Banda adalongosola kuti ziletsozi sizinapangidwe pofuna kupondereza amayi, koma kuwapatsa ulemu ndi ulemu
English: Men's hair had to be no longer than collar length, and foreign visitors at the airport were given mandatory haircuts if necessary
Chichewa: Tsitsi la amuna silinayenera kupitirira kutalika kwa kolala, ndipo alendo ochokera kumayiko ena pabwalo la ndege amametedwa mokakamiza ngati pakufunika kutero
English: Any man who ventured into public with long hair could also be seized by police and subjected to an involuntary haircut
Chichewa: Mwamuna aliyense amene amapita pagulu ndi tsitsi lalitali amathanso kugwidwa ndi apolisi ndikumetedwa mwadala
English: Even foreigners coming into Malawi were subject to Banda's dress code. In the 1970s, prospective visitors to the country were informed of the following requirement for obtaining visas:
Chichewa: Ngakhale anthu akunja omwe ankabwera ku Malawi ankamvera kavalidwe ka Banda. M’zaka za m’ma 1970, oyembekezera kudzabwera m’dzikoli anauzidwa mfundo zotsatirazi kuti apeze ma visa:
English: Female passengers will not be permitted to enter the country if wearing short dresses or trouser-suits, except in transit or at Lake Holiday resorts or National parks
Chichewa: Azimayi apaulendo sadzaloledwa kulowa m'dzikolo ngati atavala madiresi aafupi kapena mathalauza, kupatula paulendo kapena ku Lake Holiday Resorts kapena National Parks
English: Skirts and dresses must cover the knees to conform with Government regulations. The entry of 'hippies' and men with long hair and flared trousers is forbidden
Chichewa: Masiketi ndi madiresi ayenera kuphimba mawondo kuti agwirizane ndi malamulo a Boma. Kulowa kwa ma hippies ndi amuna atsitsi lalitali ndi mathalauza oyaka moto ndikoletsedwa
English: Banda founded Chitukuko Cha Amai m'Malawi (CCAM) to address the concerns, needs, rights and opportunities for women in Malawi
Chichewa: Banda adakhazikitsa Chitukuko Cha Amai m'Malawi (CCAM) kuti athane ndi nkhawa, zosowa, maufulu ndi mwayi kwa amayi a Malawi
English: This institution motivated women to excel in education and government and encouraged them to play more active roles in their community, church and family
Chichewa: Bungweli lidalimbikitsa amayi kuti azichita bwino pamaphunziro ndi boma ndipo lidawalimbikitsa kuti azichita zambiri mdera lawo, mipingo ndi mabanja
English: The foundation's National Advisor was Cecilia Tamanda Kadzamira, the official hostess for the former president
Chichewa: Mlangizi wamkulu wa gululi anali Cecilia Tamanda Kadzamira, yemwe anali mthandizi wa mtsogoleri wa dziko wopuma
English: In 1964, after serving as a government minister in the colonial administration, Banda adopted a macroeconomic policy aimed at accelerating economic development for the betterment of Malawians
Chichewa: M’chaka cha 1964, atakhala nduna ya boma mu ulamuliro wa atsamunda, a Banda adatengera mfundo yazachuma yomwe cholinga chake chinali kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha chuma kuti Amalawi atukuke
English: He settled on the Rostow model of "catch up" economics, wherein Malawi would vigorously pursue import substitution industrialisation
Chichewa: Adakhazikika pazachitsanzo cha Rostow pazachuma, pomwe dziko la Malawi lidzalimbikira ntchito yolowa m'malo mwa mafakitale.
English: This entailed both a quest for "self-sufficiency" for Malawi – becoming less reliant on its former colonial master – and growth of an industrial base that could ensure Malawi was capable of producing its own goods and services
Chichewa: Izi zinapangitsa kuti dziko la Malawi lizidzidalira paokha – kusadalira mtsogoleri wawo wakale wa atsamunda – komanso kukula kwa mafakitale omwe angathandize kuti dziko la Malawi lizitha kupanga katundu ndi ntchito zake
English: Such capacity would then be used to catch up and even overtake the West. An infrastructure development program was initiated under the Development Policies (DEVPOLs) documents that Malawi adopted from 1964 onwards
Chichewa: Mphamvu yoteroyo ikadagwiritsidwa ntchito kumenya ngakhalenso kugonjetsa Kumadzulo. Dongosolo lachitukuko chachitukuko linayambika pansi pa zikalata za Development Policies (DEVPOLs) zomwe dziko la Malawi lidalandira kuyambira 1964 kupita mtsogolo
English: Much of this development was funded through the Agricultural Development and Marketing Corporation, a Government-owned corporation or parastatal formed to promote the Malawian economy by increasing the volume of agricultural exports and to develop new foreign markets for Malawian agricultural produce
Chichewa: Zambiri mwazimenezi zidaperekedwa kudzera ku bungwe la Agricultural Development and Marketing Corporation, bungwe la Boma lomwe linakhazikitsidwa kuti litukule chuma cha dziko la Malawi poonjezera kuchuluka kwa katundu wogulitsidwa kunja ndi kutukula misika yatsopano yogulira zokolola za m’Malawi
English: At its foundation, ADMARC was given the power to finance the economic development of any public or private organization
Chichewa: Pamaziko ake, ADMARC idapatsidwa mphamvu zothandizira chitukuko cha zachuma ku bungwe lililonse la boma kapena labungwe
English: From its formation it was involved in the diversion of resources from smallholder farming to tobacco estates, often owned by members of the ruling elite. This led to corruption, abuse of office and inefficiency in ADMARC
Chichewa: Kuchokera ku kupangidwa kwake chinaloŵetsedwamo m’kupatutsa chuma kuchokera ku ulimi waung’ono kupita ku minda ya fodya, yomwe nthaŵi zambiri inali ya mamembala a anthu osankhika olamulira. Izi zidadzetsa katangale, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika udindo komanso kusagwira ntchito bwino mu ADMARC