dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: Research shows that young people who receive accurate, honest and comprehensive sex education are more likely to delay their first sexual experience and engage in safer sex practices
Chichewa: Kafukufuku waonetsa kuti anthu achichepere amene amalandira uthenga wa zogonana wa weniweni, wowona mtima amachedwa kupanga zachiwelewele komanso kupanga zogonana mozisamala
English: Be the one they ask for advice on relationships, sex and sexuality. Be honest and approachable – encourage children to ask questions. If children understand that they will get an accurate answer, they are more likely to ask for advice at home
Chichewa: Khalani munthu amene angamafunse uphungu wa ubwenzi, zogonana. Khalani woona mtima komanso ofikilika- limbikitsani kufunsa mafunso. Ngati ana akumva amakhala ndi mayankho olondola, amafunsa maganizo kunyumba
English: Keep conversations casual about relationships, sex and sexuality. Talking about relationships, sex, and sexuality doesn’t have to be formal. Integrate these topics into any conversation, so it becomes a normal part of life
Chichewa: Macheza amenewa azikhala womasuka zokhudza ubwenzi, zachiwelewele. Kuyakhula za ubwezi, zachiwelele sizimayenela kukhala zapamwamba. Ikani macheza amenewa mumacheza anu kenako zimakhala gawo la moyo wanu
English: Young people often want short, direct answers to their questions. They can ask more questions as they arise. How to start conversations by using cues
Chichewa: Anthu achichepele amafuna mayankho achindunji kumafunso awo. Amafunsa mafunso ambiri akamacheza. Kuyamba kucheza kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikilo
English: Use news, current affairs, social media, advertising, song lyrics, books, television, and movies as cues to start a conversation
Chichewa: Gwiritsani ntchito uthenga, malo amacheza, kutsatsa, nyimbo, mabuku, kanema komanso zowonela ngati zizindikilo kuti muzicheza.
English: You might also observe people around you or online to begin or continue your discussions. Young people may want to talk about diverse kinds of relationships and sexuality
Chichewa: Mukhoza kuona anthu ena komanso pamakina intaneti kuyamba kucheza kapena kupitiliza macheza. Anthu achichepele akhoza kufuna kuyamba kuyakhula zokhudza za maubwenzi komanso zogonana.
English: Don’t wait for your child to ask questions, be proactive and begin the conversation. Use open-ended questions like, 'What do you think you would do in that situation?'. Use books, websites and other resources to explain concepts
Chichewa: Musadikile mwana wanu kuti afunse mafunso, khalani patsogolo kuyambitsa macheza. Gwiritsani ntchito mafunso otseguka monga “mukuganiza kuti mukanapanga bwanji pa nkhani imene ija”. Gwiritsani ntchito mabuku, makina a intaneti komanso zipangizo kufotokoza zochitika
English: Start with picture books for young children to explain complicated ideas like conception and pregnancy. Older children may need help finding suitable, accurate resources
Chichewa: Yambani kugwirits ntchito mabuku azithuzi a ana kufotokoza zinthu zovuta monga kubeleka komanso pakati. Ana akuluakulu akhoza kufuna zipangizo zoyenera.
English: If children search for these topics on their own as they may find misleading facts or pornography. Be approachable and offer to look for suitable information together
Chichewa: Koma ngati ana akufufuza uthenga umenewu pawokha akhoza kumapeza uthenga olakwika kapena kanema olawula. Khalani ofikilika komanso sakhani mauthenga wofunika
English: You may also want to discuss who else they could talk to if they feel reluctant to come to you (such as a trusted adult friend or relative). Preparing to talk to children about relationships, sex and sexuality
Chichewa: Mukhoza kufuna kukambilana ndi wina aliyense amene angayakhule naye ngati akukanika kubwera kwa inu monga wamkulu wokhulupilika. Kuwakonzekeletsa ana anu kuyakhula za ubwenzi, zachiwelewele
English: The first step is to plan your approach before talking to children and young people about relationships, sex and sexuality
Chichewa: Njira yoyamba ndikukhoza ndondomeko yofikila musanayambe kuwayakhula ana komanso anthu achichepele nkhani za ubwenzi, chiwelewele.
English: You might like to try some of these suggestions: Discuss the topic with your partner or other adults involved in your child’s parenting. Decide on a consistent approach
Chichewa: Mukhoza kufunanso kutsatira izi: kambilanani ndi bwenzi lanu kapena akuluakulu amene akukhala nawo ana anu. Ganizirani mmene mungamapangire
English: Decide what values and messages you want to communicate. Children won’t always know about your morals, values and beliefs unless you tell them. Be informed about relevant current affairs
Chichewa: Ganizirani zomwe mumakhulupira komanso uthenga umene mukufuna kufotokoza. Ana sangakhale akudziwa zinthu zabwino komanso zikhulupilro pokhapokha mutawauza. Adziwitseni zazimene zikuchitika
English: Remember, the aim is to be open and honest about the topic – tell them if you feel embarrassed. Language around sexuality is changing. Be open to learning new words around identity, relationships and sexuality
Chichewa: Kumbukilani, cholinga ndikukhala omasuka komanso owona mtima pazimene mukukambilana- afotokozeleni kuti asapange manyazi. Chiyakhulo chokhudza nkhani za chiwelewele zikusitha.khalani omasuka kuphunzira mawu atsopano okhudza kudzidziwa, maubwenzi komanso zachiwelewele
English: Accept your child could have different views to your own. Suggested topics to talk about at different ages and stages
Chichewa: Vomelezani kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi maganizo osiyana ndi inu. Bweletsani ganizo a zinthu zomwe mungakambilane pa zaka zosiyana
English: It is common for young people to have an interest in adult things like sex. Answer questions with honest information that is suitable for their age. If your child is asking questions, they are probably ready for answers
Chichewa: Zimachitika kuti anthu achichepele kumafuna kupanga za akuluakulu monga kugonanana. Yankhani mafunso ndi uthenga woona mtima wokhudzana ndi msikhu wawo. Ngati mwana waanu akufunsa mafunso, amakhala kuti ali kale ndi mayankho
English: Themes of consent, respect and help seeking are relevant to all ages. Remember, start conversations early and keep talking. Revisit topics throughout childhood and adolescence
Chichewa: Nkhani yokhudza kufunsa, kulemekezana komansoi kupepha chithandizo zokhudza zaka zonse. Kumbukilani , yambani macheza ana ali achichepere ndipo pitilizani kuyankhula nawo. Bwelerani kuzimenezi mu nyengo imene ali ana.
English: Body autonomy – teaching them about rights and consent (e.g. they are the boss of their body and they get to say what goes)
Chichewa: M’mene limakhalira thupi- kuwaphunzitsa zaufulu komanso kufunsa asanapange chithu monga ndimabwana athupi lawo mmnene amanenera ena
English: Public body parts – learning they have the right to choose which parts of their body are public. This may depend on certain factors (such as preference, culture or religion)
Chichewa: Ziwalo zomwe anthu ena akhoza kuona- kuphunzira kuti ali ndi ufulu wosakha ziwalo pa thupi lawo zimene athu akhoza kuwona. Izi zimatengela zinthu monga makondamakonda, chikhalidwe kapena chipembedzo
English: Private body parts and appropriate behaviour – such as part no one has permission to see or touch (such as wearing bathers at the local swimming pool)
Chichewa: Ziwalo zobisika komanso makhalidwe abwino- monga ziwalo zimene munthu alibe ufulu owona kapena kugwira monga kuvala thaulo kumalo osambilira agulu
English: Giving accurate names for private body parts – (such as penis, scrotum, vulva, breasts, anus). Getting help from people they trust when they are scared, worried or feel unsafe
Chichewa: Kupeleka maina oyenera aziwalo zobisika monga chokodzera, matumbo, kokodzera, bele, kobibila. Kupepha chithandizo kwa anthi amene amakhulupilira nthawi imene akuopa kapena osatetezeka
English: By the end of primary school, young people should have a good understanding of how bodies work and change
Chichewa: Pamathelo amaphunziro aku pulayimale, anthu achichepele azikhala ndi kumvetsetsa mmene thupi limagwiira ntchito komanso kusitha.
English: This includes knowledge about puberty and how babies are made. Don’t forget to discuss relevant changes in the opposite sex. The more accurate information children have, the less anxiety they will feel
Chichewa: Izi ndi monga maphuzilo okhudza kukula komaso mmene ana amabadwira. Osayiwala kukambilana kusitha kumene kumachitika kwa mamuna kapena mkazi. Uthenga kwa ukhala owona, ana samakhala ndi mantha
English: In secondary school, the conversation should move more towards relationships. This includes information on respectful intimate relationships, pleasure and enjoyment
Chichewa: Ku sukulu ya sekondale, kukambilanaku kukuyenera kukhala kusuthila ku za ubwenzi. Izi ndi uthenga monga ubwenzi wolemekezana, kumva bwino komanso kusangalala
English: Most young people will be interested sexual experiences as they move into adulthood. Provide sex-positive, accurate, honest and comprehensive information about relationships, sex, and sexuality. This will help your child make healthy, safe and positive choices
Chichewa: Anthu ambiri achichepele amakhala osangalatsidwa ndi zachiwelewele akamakula. Pelekani uthenga woyenera, wowona okhudza maubwenzi, zachiwelewele. Izi zimathandiza mwana wanu kuoanga chiganizo chabwino komano zopindula
English: Remember to listen to your child. It should be a series of discussions not a lecture. Be prepared for the possibility that they may not feel the same way or agree with you
Chichewa: Kumbukilani kumumvera mwana wanu. Kukuyenera kukhala kukambilana osati kumuphunzita. Khalani okonzeka kuti sangagwilizane nanu kapena kumvera mmene mukumvera inu
English: Teenagers need to learn how to negotiate sexual experiences positively and responsibly. Ways to help your child make safe and informed sexual decisions include giving them accurate and easy-to-understand information about contraception, safer sex and sexually transmissible infections (STIs)
Chichewa: Anthu osakwana zakwa makumi awiri akuyenera kuphunzira kukambilana mmene zachiwelewele zimayendela komanso modzipeleka. Mmene mungamuthandizire mwana wanu kuti akhale otetezeka komanso kupanga ziganizo zoyenera zokhuza chiwelewele monga kuwapatsa uthenga wofunika komanso wosavuta kumvetsetsa zokhudza kulela, kugonana kodziteteza komanso matenda opatsilana pogonana.
English: Encourage them to talk about sex and the possible outcome with their partner. Identify ways to deal with unwanted sexual pressure (including peer pressure). Direct them to reliable sources of information to find answers to questions about sex
Chichewa: Alimbikitseni kuti azikambilana ndi bwezi lawo nkhani ya zogonana koamnso zotsatira zimene zingabwere. Kupeza njira zothanilana ndi njira zopewela kukamizana kugonana. Awonetseni ku mauthenga abwino kuti apeze mayankho okhudza zogonana.
English: Ensure they understand the importance of practising safer sex – Including external and internal condom use). Keep communication open. Sex and establishing ground rules at home
Chichewa: Wonetsetsani kuti akumvetsetsani kufunika kogonana modziteteza- monga kugwirits ntchito chishango. Kulumikizana komasuka. Kugonana komanso kukhazikitsa malamulo pakhomo
English: Most young people will become sexually active at some stage. Not allowing them to have sex at home will not stop them from having sex
Chichewa: Anthu ambiri achichepele amakhala ochita zogonana akafika pena pake. Kusaloleza kupanga zogonana zingiwaletse kupanga zoganana
English: Establish ground rules about sexual behaviour in your home – this may include whether to allow your child to have their partner in their bedroom or stay the night
Chichewa: Khazikitsani malamulo okhudza zogonana pakhomo- izi zikhoza kumulola mwana wanu kulowetsa kuchipinda kapena kugona kunyumba komko
English: The best time to decide on these rules is when you are talking openly about sex and before the situation arises
Chichewa: Nthawi yabwino yopangila chiganizo cha malamulowa ndikuyakhalana zazoganana nthawi yabwino nthawiyo isanafike
English: Schools encourage an approach to sexuality education that involves teachers, parents and carers, and the school community
Chichewa: Masukulu amalimbikitsidwa kugwilitsa ntchito njira yamaphunziro a zogonana amene pamakhala aphunzitsi, makolo, opeleka chisamaliro komanso anthu apa sukulu
English: A child can experience grief, anger, sadness and confusion over the breakup of their family. They may blame themselves. Find sources of emotional support for yourself, so that you have the strength to help your child
Chichewa: Mwana akhoza kukhala ndi chisoni, mkwiyo, kudandaula komanso kubalalika chifukwa chakusiyana mu banja lawo. Amaziona ngati apangitsa ndiiwo. Pezani zida zozithandizira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu kuti muthandize mwana wanu
English: Avoid criticizing the other parent in front of your child. Family breakups are often difficult for children. Parents can help their kids by giving them honest explanations and emotional support
Chichewa: Chepetsani kudzudzula kholo linzanu pamaso pa mwana. Kusiyana kwa mabanja kumakhala kovuta makamaka kwa ana. Makolo akhoza kuthandiza ana awo popeleka uthenga wowona komanso kumathandizira maganizo awo
English: Children of all ages experience a wide range of bewildering emotions when their parents separate or divorce. These may include sadness, anger, fear, jealousy and insecurity
Chichewa: Ana azaka zonse amakhala ndi maganizo pamene makolo awo asiyana kapena banja kutha. Izi zimakhala kudandaula, mkwiyo, kuopa, nsanje komanso kudzikaikila
English: Don’t underestimate your child’s capacity to understand what is going on around them. Trying to spare your child by not explaining to them what’s happening will only cause them more confusion
Chichewa: Osaphweketsa kuthekela kwa mwana kuti sangamvetsetse zimene zikuchitika. Kuyesela kumupatula mwana posamufotokozera chimene chikuchitika zimangitsa kuti abalalike kwambiri.
English: If it is possible for both parents together to explain the situation simply, use words the child can understand
Chichewa: Ngati kuli kotheka, makolo nonse mufotokozeleni mwana zimene zikuchitika, gwiritsani ntchito mawu woti mwanayo amvetsetse
English: You may have to explain several times before the child fully grasps what has happened to their family and what their future holds. Be aware that your child will want the family to stay as it is, so they may not want to hear what you are telling them
Chichewa: Mukhoza kuyenera kufotokoza mobweleza kuti mwana amvetsetse kuti chikuchitika ndi chani banjalo komanso kuti tsogolo lawo likhala lotanii. Dziwani kuti mwanayo amafuna kuti banjalo likhale mmene lili, ndiye sangamamve zimene mukunena
English: Children may think they or their behaviour are to blame for the breakup. It is important to keep reinforcing that this is not the case. Everyone grieves in different ways
Chichewa: Ana akhoza kuganiza kapena kuti khalidwe lawo ndilimene lapangitsa kuti asiyane. Ndizofunika kumulimbikitsa izi sizili choncho. Aliyense amalira mosiyasiyana
English: Grief is the normal emotional response to the loss of something precious. Everyone grieves in different ways. Children, like adults, may grieve inconsistently, seeming fine one day, only to be very upset and depressed the next
Chichewa: Kumva chisoni ndi mmene timayakhira mmaganizo chinthu chofunika chikatayika. Aliyense amalira mosiyasiyana. ana , chimodzimodzi akuluakulu amalira mosiyana, amamoneka bwino tsiku lina kenako kukhala okhumudwa tsiku linalo
English: Your child may have regular nightmares or difficulty sleeping – they may want to sleep with you; show out-of-character behaviour, such as temper tantrums; start to have difficulties with school work or not want to go to away from the family
Chichewa: Ana amayamba kukhala ndi maloto owopsya kapena kuvutika kugona- amafuna atamagona ndi inu; kuwonetsa khalidwe lolakwika monga kulusa; kuyamba kukhala ndi mavuto ku sukulu kapena kusafuna kuchoka pa nyumba
English: Exhibit aggressive or withdrawn behavior; be more fearful than usual; cover up hurt through indifferent or cold behavior; develop problems with eating, such as going off their food or ‘comfort eating’
Chichewa: Amayamba kuonetsa khalidwe lovutitsa kapena kusiya kukhala ndi ena; kuyamba kumaopa kwambiri ; kusawonetsa kumva kuwawa poyamba makhalidwe ena; kuyamba kuvutika pakudya monga osadya kapena kudya kuti amve bwino chabe
English: Have physical complaints, such as headaches; blame themselves for the breakup; blame the parent they are spending the most time with; worry excessively, particularly about family members who are upset
Chichewa: Kuyamba kudandaula za mthupi monga mutu kupweteka, kumaona ngati apangitsa ndiiwo kuti asiyane;kuwayimba mlandu makolo kuti akutaya nthawi yambiri ndi wina;kudandaula kodutsa muyezo makamaka achibanja amene akhumudwa.
English: Regress to an earlier stage of development – for example, thumb sucking or bedwetting. Everyone needs support. Separation and divorce are emotionally difficult times for everyone
Chichewa: Amabweleraso kumakhalidwe akale monga kuyamwa chala kapena kukodza pogona. Aliyense amafuna thandizo. Kusiyana kapena kutha kwa banja ndikovuta mmaganizo kwa aliyense
English: Sometimes, a parent can be so overwhelmed by their own pain that they are unable to support their child. The parent may fail to notice the child’s distress
Chichewa: Nthawi zina, ngati kholo limakhala lophinjika ndi kuwawa ndipo sangathe kuthandiza mwana wawo. Makolo akhoza kukanika kuona kuti mwana akuvutika
English: They may also expect the child to emotionally support them, instead of the other way around. It is important to find support for yourself – through family members, friends or professionals – so that you can look after yourself and also feel strong enough to support your child
Chichewa: Akhoza kumayembekezela kuti mwanayo ndi amene akuyenera kuthandiza osati iwo kuthandiza mwanayo. Ndizofunika kupeza thandizo pawekha monga achibanja, anzanu kapena akadaulo- kuti muziyan’ganire nokha komanso kukhala nsanamila odalilika kwa mwana wanu.
English: Your child may also need professional support and counselling. Explaining a breakup to your child. Ways of helping your child to understand what has happened include if possible, both parents should explain the breakup to the child, particularly when breaking the news
Chichewa: Mwana wanu akhoza kufunanso chthandizo komanso uphungu kuchokera kwa akadaulo. Kufotokozera mwana zakusiyana. Njira zothandizira mwana pazimene zachitika ngati kuli kotheka ndi monga; makolo onse kumufokozera mwana zakusiyanaku makamaka mukamamuuza koyamba.
English: Reassure your child that the breakup is not their fault in any way and that both parents still love them. Tell your child, in as much detail as you can, about their new routine: where they will live, who will take them to school and so on
Chichewa: Mulimbitseni mtima mwanayo kuti kusiyanaku sichifukwa cha iwo ndi makolo nonse mumamukonda. Muuwezeni mwana wanu watchutchu, mmene zinthu zizikhalira: kumene azikakhala, amene azikasiya ku sukulu ndi zina zotero
English: It is a good idea to wait until you think they are ready to hear this information. Allow your child to ask as many questions as they want. Answer truthfully and honestly. It is OK to be upset
Chichewa: Ndiganizo labwino kudikila mpaka pamene mukuganiza kuti mwanayu ali okhozeka kumva uthengawu. Muloleni mwana kuti afunse mmene akufunila. Yakhani mwachilungamo ndimoona mtima. Ndizabwinobwino kukhala okhumudwa.
English: Use age-appropriate language. As the child matures, you can explain the separation in more sophisticated ways. Be prepared to explain the separation to the child again and again
Chichewa: Gwiritsani ntchito chiyakhulo choyenera ndi msikhu wake. Pamene mwana akukula, mufotokozeleni zakusiyaniku mwatsatanetsatane. Khalani okonzeka kumufotokonzera mwana zakusiyanaku mobwelezabweleza.
English: Seek professional advice if you feel it is necessary for yourselves or your child. Sometimes, it may be hard to find the right words for your child
Chichewa: Pezani uphungu kwa akadaulo ngati mukuoneka kuti ndizofunikira kwa mwana wanu. Nthawi zina, zimakhala zovuta kupeza mawu oyenera kwa mwana wanu
English: It can be helpful to say “Sometimes mums and dads stop loving one another. It's really sad when this happens.’
Chichewa: Zikhoza kukhala zothandiza kunena kuti “nthawi zina amayi ndi abambo amasiya kukondana. Ndipo zimakhala zovetsa chisoni izi zikachitika”.
English: ‘Dad/Mum has stopped loving me and doesn't want to go on living with me, but that doesn't mean he/she doesn't still love you and wants to go on seeing you. So we are going to work out how to make this happen
Chichewa: ‘abambo/amayi asiya kundikonda ndipo sakufuna kumakhalaso ndi ine, koma izi sizikutathauza kuti iwo sakundikonda ndipo akufuna kumakuonabe. Ndipo tigwira ntchito kuti izi ziyende.
English: Encourage your child to talk about their feelings openly and as often as they want. Tell your child that it is OK to have a range of different feelings and suggest appropriate ways to express these feelings
Chichewa: Mulimbikitseni mwana kuyakhula momasuka m’mene akumvera momasuka komanso mmene akufunila. Muuzeni mwana wanu kuti ndizabwinobwino kumva mosiyana ndipo pelekani njira zimene akatulutsire kumvaku.
English: This may include writing down feelings in a diary or releasing feelings through physical activity such as running or gardening. Share your own feelings – for example, cry together
Chichewa: Izi zikhoza kukhala kulemba mmene akumvera mu buku kapena kutulutsa mmene akumvera popanda ntchito zolimbitsa thupi monga kuthamanga kapena kulima. Nanuso fotokozani mmene mukumvera monga kulilira limodzi
English: Be prepared to constantly reassure the child of your love for them and the love of the other parent. Arrange as much contact with the absent parent as possible. Try to maintain some kind of regular routine to give your child a sense of security
Chichewa: Khalani okhonzeka kumamulimbitsa mtima mwana wanu zachikondi chimene muli nacho pa iwo komanso kholo linzanu. Khonzani mkumano ndi kholo limene palibepo nthawi yabwino. Yesetsani kukhazikitsa ndondomeko kuti mwana wanu asamakhale ndi nkhawa.
English: Remind your child that their painful feelings will lessen with time. Read child-oriented books on separation and divorce together. Don’t criticize the other parent
Chichewa: Mukumbutseni mwana wanu kuti kumva kuwawaku kumachepa ndi nthawi. Welengani mabuku a ana okhudza kusiya ndikutha kwa banja ndi mwanyo. Osadzudzula kholo linalo.
English: A breakup is a painful event. Each parent may have grievances or complaints about the other. It is important that the child does not become involved in these grievances, as this adds further distress for the child
Chichewa: Kusiyana ndi chinthu chopweteka. Kholo lililonse limakhala ndi madando akholo linalo. Zikofunika kuti mwana asatenge nawo gawo pamadandowa chifukwa zimapangits kuti mwana azidandaulabe.
English: Your child may feel pressured to disapprove of the other parent in order to secure your ongoing affection. Regardless of your feelings towards your ex-partner, your child still loves them and deserves an untainted relationship with them
Chichewa: Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala pa mpanipani kuti asamavomeleze zopanga za kholo linalo kuti apitilize kukondedwa ndi inu. Mosasamala mmene mukumvera za bwenzi lanu lakaleli, mwana wanu amawakondabe ndipo akuyenera kukhala ndi ubwenzi wabwino ndi iwo.
English: Don’t criticize the other parent, their parenting style, household set-up or other things about their life. Don’t use your child to ‘spy’ on your ex-partner
Chichewa: Osadzudzula kholo linalo, maleledwe a mwana, mmene amapangira zinthu panyumba kapena zinthu zina mmoyo wawo. Osagwiritsa mwana kuti azipanga ukazipate kwa bwenzi lanu lakelo
English: Avoid criticizing the other parent in front of your child. Child safety is important
Chichewa: Pewani kudzuzula kholo linalo pamaso pa mwana. Chitetezo cha mwana ndichofunika
English: Schools are required to have strategies that are inclusive and promote participation and empowerment of all children
Chichewa: Masukulu akuyenera kukhala ndi njira zokhudza aliyense komanso kulimbikitsa kupanga nawo ndi kutukula ana onse
English: Contact your child’s school for more information about their learning program. It is often helpful for adults to know about relevant details of the program to continue discussions with children at home
Chichewa: Limikizanani ndi kumene amaphunzira mwana wanu zokhudza uthenga mmene amaphunzilira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothandiza kuti makolo adziwe mwachindunji za madongosolo kuti apitilize kukambilana ndi mwana kunyumba
English: Well-managed anger can be a useful emotion that motivates you to make positive changes. On the other hand, anger is a powerful emotion and if it isn’t handled appropriately, it may have destructive results for you and those closest to you
Chichewa: Mkwiyo osachitsa nawo zowipa umakhala ufunika kukulimbikitsani kuti mupange zabwino. Kwinaku, nkwiyo ndi maganizo amphamvu ndipo ngati sitinagwilitse bwino umatha kukhala ndizotsatira zoipa kwa iwe komanso anthu ena.
English: Uncontrolled anger can lead to arguments, physical fights, physical abuse, assault and self-harm. Physical effects of anger. Anger triggers the body’s ‘fight or flight’ response. Other emotions that trigger this response include fear, excitement and anxiety
Chichewa: Mkwiyo wosaletseka umayambitsa mikangano, ndewu, kunzuzana, kumenya ena komanso kuzipweteka wekha. Zotsatira za mkwiyo. Mkwiyo amapanga thupi kuti likhale tchelu kuti lithawe kapena kumenya. Maganizo ena amapngitsa izi ndi kuwopa, kusangalala komanso nkhawa
English: The brain shunts blood away from the gut and towards the muscles, in preparation for physical exertion. Heart rate, blood pressure and respiration increase, the body temperature rises and the skin perspires
Chichewa: Ubongo umaletsa magazi kupita m’mimba ndikupititsa magaziwa ku minyewa, kukhozekela kugwira ntchito. Mtima, magazi, kupuma kumakhala kothamanga, thupi limetetha komanso umatuluka thukuta.
English: The constant flood of stress chemicals and associated metabolic changes that go with ongoing unmanaged anger can eventually cause harm to many different systems of the body
Chichewa: Kusefukira kosalekeza kwa mankhwala opsinja maganizo komanso kusintha kwa kagayidwe kachakudya komwe kumakhalapo ndi mkwiyo kumatha kuwononga machitidwe osiyanasiyana amthupi.
English: Some of the short and long-term health problems that have been linked to unmanaged anger include: headache, digestion problems, such as abdominal pain, insomnia, increased anxiety, depression, high blood pressure, skin problems such as eczema, heart attack
Chichewa: Ena mwa mavuto azaumoyo anthawi yochepa komanso anthawi yayitali omwe amagwirizana ndi mkwiyo usayan’giniridwa ndi awa: mutu, vuto la kugayidwa kwa zakudya, monga kupweteka m'mimba, kusowa tulo, nkhawa, kupsinjika, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mavuto akhungu monga ziikanga, matenda amtima.
English: If you feel out of control, walk away from the situation temporarily, until you cool down. Recognize and accept the emotion as normal and part of life. Try to pinpoint the exact reasons why you feel angry
Chichewa: Ngati mukuona kuti simungaziletse, chokaponi kaye kwa ka nthawi kochepa mpaka mutakhala bwino. Dziwani ndipo vomelezani kuti kuti maganizo ndi zabwinobwino ndipo ndi gawo limodzi la moyo. Yesani kufufuza chifukwa chenicheni chimene chikupangitsa kuti muzikwiya.
English: Once you have identified the problem, consider coming up with different strategies for how to remedy the situation. Do something physical, such as going for a run or playing sport. Talk to someone you trust about how you’re feeling
Chichewa: Pamene mwapeza vutolo, ganizanirani kupeza njira zothetsera vutoli. Chitani zinthu zofuna mphamvu monga kuthamanga kapena kusewera. Yakhulani ndi munthu amene mumamukhulupira za m’mene mukumvera.
English: Many people express their anger in inappropriate and harmful ways, including anger explosions – some people have very little control over their anger and tend to explode in rages
Chichewa: Anthu ambiri amaonetsa mkwiyo wawo munjira zosayenera komanso zoopsya monga kukwiya mwadzidzi- anthu ena amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa pa kuchepetsa mkwiyo wawo ndipo amatha kukwiya kwambiri.
English: Raging anger may lead to physical abuse or violence. A person who doesn’t control their temper can isolate themselves from family and friends. Some people who fly into rages have low self-esteem, and use their anger as a way to manipulate others and feel powerful
Chichewa: Mkwiyo wambiri umayambitsa khanza za kuthupi kapena chiwawa. Munthu amene sadziletsa mkwiyo wawo akhoza kukhala mosiyana ndi abanja komanso anzawo. Anthu ena amakwiya kwambiri amadzionera pansi ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mkwiyo wawo kupusitsa ena komanso kunzimva amphanvu
English: People who are stressed are more likely to experience anger. Numerous worldwide studies have documented that regular exercise can improve mood and reduce stress levels
Chichewa: Anthu amene apsinjika amakhala ndi mkwiyo. Makafukufuku ambiri pa dziko lapansi analemba kuti kupanga masewera olimibitsa thupi amasitha maganizo komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika.
English: Expressing anger appropriately is a learned behaviour. Suggestions on helping your child to deal with strong feelings include leading by example. Let them know that anger is natural and should be expressed appropriately
Chichewa: Kuonetsa kwiyo bwinobwino ndikhalidwe loti umachita kuphunzira. Malingaliro othandizila mwana wanu kuthana ndi m’mene akumvera ndikukhala chitsanzo kwa iwo. Adziwitseni kuti nkwiyo ndi chilengedwe ndipo timameyenera kuutulutsa moyenera
English: Treat your child’s feelings with respect. Teach practical problem-solving skills. Encourage open and honest communication in the home
Chichewa: Khalani olemekeza m’mene akumvera mwana wanu. Aphunizitseni maluso amene angathetsele mavuto. Limbikitsani kulumikizana pa nyumbapo
English: Allow them to express their anger in appropriate ways. Explain the difference between aggression and anger. Have consequences for aggression or violence, but not appropriately expressed anger
Chichewa: Aloleni kuti aonetse kukwiya kwawo munjira yoyenera. Afotokozeleni kusiyana kwa mavuvu komanso kukwiya. Khalani ndi zotsatira za mavuvu kapena chiwawa koma osati mkwiyo wabwinobwino
English: Teach your child different ways of calming and soothing themselves. You don't have to be a trained professional to support a young person experiencing suicidal thoughts. Take all suicide threats seriously
Chichewa: Mphunzitseni mwana wanu njira zosiyanasiyana zozidekhetsera komanso kuzitothoza. Simukuyenera kukhala waukadaulo kuti muthandize munthu wachichepele amene ali ndi maganizo ozipha. Atengeni maganizo ofuna kuzipha kuti ndiwofunikira.
English: You can help by offering emotional and practical support, by listening and helping the person seek support
Chichewa: Mukhoza kuthandiza popeleka thandizo la m’maganizo komanso njira zina pakumvetsera koamnso kumuthandiza munthu amene akufuna chithandizo.
English: Suicide can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, race, income and family background, but some young people are at greater risk of self-harm and suicidal behavior
Chichewa: Kuzipha kukhoza kusokoneza wina aliyense osatengera zaka, mwamuna kapena mkazi, mtundu, kumene akuchokera koma anthu achichepere amakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu kwambiri kuti akhoza kuzipweteka okha komanso kukhala ndi maganizo ozipha
English: Youth suicide affects families every day in Malawi and worldwide. It is the leading cause of death among young people
Chichewa: Kuphika kwa anthu achichepele kumasokoneza mabanja tsiku lina lililonse ku Malawi komanso dziko lonse pansi. Ndi njira imodzi yotsogola imene imabweletsaa imfa kwa anthu achichepele
English: Although these numbers are alarming, the good news is that youth suicide is mostly preventable. Anyone, not just mental health professionals, can provide emotional and practical support to a young person experiencing suicidal thoughts
Chichewa: Ngakhale kuti chiwelengelochi chili chokwera , nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti kuzipha kwa anthu achichepele ndikopeweka. Aliyense osati akadaulo a umoyo wabwino wam’mutu akhoza kupeleka chithandizo kwa anthu achichepele amene ali ndi maganizo ozipha
English: It is not always possible to know when someone is thinking about suicide but some of the possible warning signs include talking or writing about death or about feeling trapped with no way out; feeling hopeless and withdrawing from family, friends and the community
Chichewa: Sizimakhala zotheka nthawi zonse kudziwa pamene munthu akuganiza zozipha koma zina wachizizinsikilo zimakhala kuyakhula kapena kulemba za imfa kapena kumva kumangika osanga potulukila;kukhala opanda chiyembekezo komanso kusiya kukhala ndi abanja, anzake ndi anthu am’mudzi
English: increasing drug and alcohol use; giving away personal possessions; doing dangerous, life threatening things; having delusions or hallucinations; regularly self-harming; significant change in mood
Chichewa: Kuchulutsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komanso mowa;kugawa zinthu zake, kupanga zoopsya, zinthu zowopseza moyo, kukhala zimaloto komanso zilubwelubwe;kuzipweteka pafupipafupi komanso kusitha m’mene munthu amasangalira
English: Stress can contribute to suicide. A young person or teenager may experience an overwhelming and immediate stress or they may have stress that builds up over a long time
Chichewa: Kuphinjika kupangitsa kuti munthu aziphe. Munthu wachichepele akhoza kukumana ndi zophinja zodutsa msikhu wake kapena kuphinjika kwa nthawi yayitali
English: Stressful experiences that may contribute to or trigger suicide include loss of an important person through death or divorce; incest or child abuse; bullying at school or in the workplace; a sense of failure at school; a sense of failure in relationships; a relationship break-up;
Chichewa: Kukumana ndizophinja zimaonjezela kufuna kuzipha monga kumwalira kwa munthu wofunikira kapena kutha kwa banja;kugonana pachibale kapena kuzuzidwa uli mwana; kuzuzidwa ku sukulu kapena ku ntchito; kuziona ngati olephera kusukulu;kuziwona olephera muchibwenzi;kutha kwa chibwenzi .
English: the experience of discrimination, isolation and relationship conflicts with family, friends and others because the young person is gay or lesbian; the recent suicide of a friend or relative, or an anniversary of a suicide or the death of someone close to them
Chichewa: Kusalidwa, kukhala wekha komanso kusagwirizana ndi abanja, azanko ndi ena chifukwa munthu wachichepele ndi wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha; kuzipha kwa nzako kapena wachibale kapena kukumbukila kuzipha kapena imfa ya munthu ogwirizana naye
English: People who have attempted suicide before are very likely to try again. Those who have a history of self-harming are also at a higher risk of suicide. Supporting a young person who is experiencing suicidal thoughts
Chichewa: Anthu amene anafunapo kuzipha kawirikawiri amafuna atayeselaso. Anthu amene ali ndi mbiri yozipweteka ali pachiopsezo chofuna kuzipha. Kuthandiza anthu achichepele amene ali ndimaganizo ozipha
English: You may be able to help a young person if you listen and encourage them to talk and show that you are taking their concerns seriously, tell or show the person that you care
Chichewa: Mukhoza kuthandiza anthu achichepelewa mukawavetsela ndikuwalimbikitsa kuti aziyakhula koamnso kuwonetsa kuti mukumvetsetsa zodandaula zawo, kuwauza kapena kuwaonetsa kuti muwalabadila
English: Acknowledge their fears, despair or sadness; Provide reassurance, but do not dismiss the problem; Ask if they are thinking of hurting themselves or taking their own life, and if they have a plan
Chichewa: Dziwani zowopa zawo, kudandaula; alimbitseni mtima koma osaonela pansi madandaulo awo. Afunseni ngati akuganiza zozipweteka kapena kuzipha  komanso ngati ali ndi ndondomeko
English: Ensure they do not have access to lethal weapons or medications; Stay with the person if they are at high risk of suicide; Immediately tell someone else, preferably an adult
Chichewa: Wonetsetsani kuti sali chifupi ndi zida zoopsya kapena mankhwala. Khalani ndi munthuyu ngati ali pachiopsezo chozipha; nthawi yomweyo muuzeni munthu makamaka munthu wamkulu
English: Seek help from professionals, and offer to provide support; Let them know where they can get support; Provide contact numbers and assist them to call if necessary
Chichewa: Pezani chithandizo kwa akadaulo komanso pelekani chithandizo; awuzeni kumene angapeze thandizo; pelekani manambala la lamya ndipo athandizeni kuimba ngati kuli koyenera
English: Myth: Young people who talk about suicide never attempt to take or actually take their own lives. They are just seeking attention
Chichewa: Nthano: anthu achichepele amene amakhula zozipha samayesela kuzipha. Amangokhala akufuna kudziwika
English: Fact: Anyone talking about suicide should always be taken seriously
Chichewa: Chilungamo: aliyense amene amayakhula za kuzipha akuyenera kumveredwa bwinobwino
English: Myth: Once a person is intent on suicide, there is no way to stop them. They will be suicidal forever
Chichewa: Nthano: ngati munthu wakhazikitsa maganizo ozipha, palibe njira yomuletsera. Amakhala ndi maganizo ozipha mpaka kalekale
English: Fact: Suicide can be prevented. If they receive the help they seek, they are less likely to attempt suicide
Chichewa: Chilungamo: kuzipha kukhoza kupeweka. Akalandira thandizo limene akufuna, sayesera kufuna kuzipha
English: Myth: Suicidal thoughts and behaviours are hereditary
Chichewa: Nthano: khalidwe ndi maganizo wofuna kuzipha amachokokera ku makolo
English: Fact: While suicidal thoughts and behaviours tend to run in families, they are not hereditary. It is important for people experiencing suicidal thoughts to know that there are options other than ending their life
Chichewa: Chilungamo: ngakhale maganizo ndi khalidwe lofuna kuzipha limakhala pa banja, sikuti zichoka ku makolo. Ndizofunika kwa anthu amene ali ndi maganizo ozipha pali njira zina osati kuzipha
English: Myth: All suicidal young people are depressed
Chichewa: Nthano: anthu onse achichepere ofuna kuzipha amakhala ophinjika m’maganizo
English: Fact: While depressed mood is common, this is not true for everyone who suicides
Chichewa: Chilungamo: ngakhale kuphinjika kumachulukira, izi siku aliysense amaganiza zozipha
English: Myth: A marked and sudden improvement in mental state following a crisis indicates the suicide risk is over
Chichewa: Nthano: munthu akakhala bwino mumaganizidwe ake kuchokera pamene wachokera mumaganizo wofuna kuzipha kumakhala kuti chiopsezo chofuna kuzipha chatha
English: Fact: When there have been signs of a possible suicide attempt, a sudden improvement in mood may in fact indicate that the person has finally decided to take their own life
Chichewa: Chilungamo: pakakhala kuti pali zionetselo kuti munthu amafuna kuzipha, kusitha mumaganizidwe kumakhala kuti munthuyi wapanga chiganizo chozipha.
English: Adoption can give a secure family life to children who, for various reasons, can’t live with their birth family
Chichewa: Adoption can give a secure family life to children who, for various reasons, can’t live with their birth family
 Kutenga ndi kulera mwana wa munthu wina kumapeleka umoyo kwa mwanayo chifukwa sangakhale ndi banja limene anabadwira
English: Today, 'open' adoption means that the birth parent or parents are encouraged to have contact with the child, as well as the opportunity to exchange information. The number of children placed for adoption each year is small
Chichewa: Masiku ano, kulera mwana wa munthu wina kumatathauza kuti kholo kapena makolo amalimbikitsidwa kumalumikizana ndi mwana koamnso kugawana uthenga. Ana amene amaikidwa kuti alelede chaka chilichonse ndiwochepa
English: The most important consideration in any adoption is the best interests of the child
Chichewa: Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuwonapo potenga kukalera mwana ndizikomera mwanayo
English: Additionally, many past adoptions did not meet the standards of that time. Babies were sometimes taken from their mothers without informed consent
Chichewa: Mongowonjezera, kutenga ndi kulera mwana kwa kalekale sikumwanalitsa mlingo woyenera nthawi imeneyo. Ana amatengedwa kwa amayi awo popanga kutsimikiza kwenikweni
English: The number of adoptions has decreased since the 1970s, because of the rise in social acceptance of single parent families, government benefits for single parents, and improved access to contraception and abortion
Chichewa: Kutenga ndi kumalera ana kwatsika kuchoka mu chaka cha 1970 chifukwa chakuvomeleza mabanja oyendetsedwa ndi kholo limodzi, zopundira zochoka ku boma kwa banja oyendetsedwa ndi kholo limodzi koamnso kugwiritsa ntchitp bwino njira zakulera komanso kuchotsa pakati
English: The background of the adopted child was usually kept secret. Now we know that this information is vital to a person’s sense of identity
Chichewa: Kumene achokera ana oleredwa kumakhala kwa chinsisi. Koma pano timadziwa kuti uthenga umenewo umakhala wofunikira kuti munthu azidziwe yekha
English: Many people affected by adoption find it beneficial to seek the records that were created at the time of the adoption. They may also want to find out how to locate family from whom they were separated by the adoption
Chichewa: Anthu ambiri wosokonekera ndi kuleledwa akhoza kupeza kuti ndizofunika kupeza uthenga umene unalembedwa nthawi imene amatengedwa kukaleledwa. Akhoza kufunanso kudziwa m’mene angapezere kumene anachokera
English: For a range of reasons, a parent may consider placing their child for adoption. Some parents have made a clear decision about adoption. Others may need more information before they are confident to decide
Chichewa: Pazifukwa zambiri, kholo likhoza kufuna kusiya mwana kuti akaleledwe. Makolo ena anapanga chiganizo chawo chokhudza kutengedwa kwa ana kumakaleledwa. Ene akhoza kufuna uthenga wina asanapange chiganizo
English: When a child placed for adoption has a disability or significant health issue, the case manager will support the family to access appropriate support services
Chichewa: Pamene mwana waikidwa kuti atengedwe akaleledwe ali ndi ulumali kapena mavuto nthupi mwawo, oyan’ganira nkhaniyo amathandizira banjalo kupeza chithandizo
English: Mental illness is a general term for a group of illnesses that may include symptoms that can affect a person’s thinking, perceptions, mood or behaviour. Mental illness can make it difficult for someone to cope with work, relationships and other demands
Chichewa: Matenda aubongo ndid mawu ofotokozera matenda ambiri amene zizindikiro zake zikhoza kusokoneza maganizidwe, m’men amawonera zinthu, kusalangalala kapena kwalidwe. Matenga aubongo akhoza kupangitsa zinthu kukhala zovuta kugwira ntchito, zibwenzi komanso zinthu zofunikira
English: The relationship between stress and mental illness is complex, but it is known that stress can worsen an episode of mental illness. Most people can manage their mental illness with medication, counselling or both
Chichewa: Mgwirizano umene ulipo pakati pakuphinjika mumaganizo komanso matenga aubongo ndiwosadziwika bwinibwino, koma ndizodziwika kuti kuphinjika kumakuza kudwalaku. Anthu ambiri akhoza kukwanitsa kusamalira kudwalaku pokumwa mankhwala, uphungu kapena zonse
English: In the right context, negative emotions like anger, grief, sadness or jealousy are perfectly normal. Long lasting bouts of negative emotions can stop you enjoying life
Chichewa: Mundondomeko yoyenera, maganizo oyipa monda kukwiya, kulira, kudandaula kapena nsanje ndizabwinobwino. Kukhala ndi maganizo amenewa kwa nthawi yayitali kukhoza kukulepheletsa kusangalala moyo
English: Coping strategies can help to curb persistent negative feelings. Negative emotions can be described as any feeling which causes you to be miserable and sad
Chichewa: Njira zothetsera kukhala ndi maganizo amenewa kukhoza kuthandiza. Maganizo olakwika ndi maganizo ena aliwonse amene amapangitsa kuti munthu ukukhale ndi moyo woipa komanso odandaula
English: These emotions make you dislike yourself and others, and reduce your confidence and self-esteem, and general life satisfaction
Chichewa: Maganizo amenewa amakupangitsa kuti usamazikonde wekha komanso ena, ndipo amachepetsa kuzidalira kwako komanso kudziwonera pansi komanso kukhala wokhutitsidwa ndi moyo
English: Emotions that can become negative are hate, anger, jealousy and sadness. Yet, in the right context, these feelings are completely natural
Chichewa: Malingaliro amene akhoza kukhala olakwika ndi monga kudana ndi ena, mkwiyo, nsanje komanso kudandaula. Koma kundondomeko yabwinobwino malingaliro amenewa ndi umunthu ndithu
English: Negative emotions can dampen our enthusiasm for life, depending on how long we let them affect us and the way we choose to express them. Holding onto negative emotions causes a downward spiral
Chichewa: Maganizo olakwika akhoza kuwononga chisangalalo cha moyo, potengera kuti tazisiya nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zitisokoneze komanso m’mene tasakhira kuti tizionetsele. Kukakamira maganizo oipa kumayambitsa kuzionela pansi
English: Negative emotions stop us from thinking and behaving rationally and seeing situations in their true perspective. When this occurs, we tend to see only what we want to see and remember only what we want to remember
Chichewa: Maganzio oipa amatilepheletsa kuganiza komanso kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino ndikuona zinthu m’mene zilili. Izi zikachitika , timaona zimene tikufuna kuona basi komanso kukumbukira zimene tikufuna kukumbukira
English: This only prolongs the anger or grief and prevents us from enjoying life. The longer this goes on, the more set the problem becomes
Chichewa: Izi zimatalikitsa kukwiya kapena kulira komanso kutikanitsa kusangala mu moyomu. Zikatenga nthawi yotalika limakhala vuto
English: Dealing with negative emotions inappropriately can also be harmful – for example, expressing anger with violence. Emotions are complex reactions
Chichewa: Kuthana ndi maganizo olakwika munjira zosayenera ndiokowopsya-mwachitsanzo. Kuonetsa mkwiyo pochita ziwawa. Maganizo ndi zinthu zovuta
English: Emotions are complex reactions involving many biological and physiological processes within our bodies. Our brain responds to our thoughts by releasing hormones and chemicals, which send us into a state of arousal. All emotions come about in this way, whether positive or negative
Chichewa: Maganizo ndi machitidwe ovuta omwe amakhudza zambiri zamoyo ndi m'matupi mwathu. Ubongo wathu umamvera maganizo athu ndikutulutsa mahomoni ndi makemikolo, zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala atcheru. Maganizo onse amabwera motere, kaya zabwino kapena zoipa
English: It’s a complex process and often we don't have the skills to deal with negative feelings. That’s why we find it hard to cope when we experience them. How to deal with negative emotions
Chichewa: Ndizovuta kumvetsa ndipo tilibe maluso athandilana ndi maganizidwe osakhala bwinowa. Ndichifukwa chale ndiikovuta kuthana nazo tikakumana nazo. M’mene tingathanirane ndi maganizo oipa
English: There are a number of coping strategies to deal with negative emotions. These include don’t blow things out of proportion by going over them time and again in your mind
Chichewa: Pali njira zambiri zothanilana ndi maganizo oipa. Zina mwa izo ndi kusapanga zinthu osaganiza bwino pakulingalira za izi mobwelezabweleza
English: Try to be reasonable – accept that bad feelings are occasionally unavoidable and think of ways to make yourself feel better. Relax – use pleasant activities like reading, walking or talking to a friend
Chichewa: Yesetsani kuganiza bwino-vomelezani kuti maganizo olakwika nthawi zambiri ndiwopeweka ndipo ganizani njira zimene mungakhalire omasuka- kugwirani ntchito zabwino monga kuwerenga, kuyenda kapena kuyakhula ndi nzanu
English: Learn – notice how grief, loss and anger make you feel, and which events trigger those feelings so you can prepare in advance. Exercise – aerobic activity lowers your level of stress chemicals and allows you to cope better with negative emotions
Chichewa: Phunzirani- wonani m’mene kulira, kuluza komanso mkwiyo umakupangila koamnso ndi zinthu ziti zimene zimapangitsa maganizo amenewa ndicholinga chakuti mukhale okonzeka. Pangani masewela olimbitsa thupi- masewerawa amachepetsa khawa komanso kukupangitsani kuthana ndi maganizo oipa
English: Let go of the past – constantly going over negative events robs you of the present and makes you feel bad. Many women successfully combine breastfeeding and paid work
Chichewa: Iwalani zakale- kumaganiza zinthu zoipa zimene zinachitika zikulepheletsani kukhala m’moyowu ndi zikupangitsa kusamva bwino. Azimayi amakwanitsa kuyamwitsa mwakathithi komanso kugwira ntchito