dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: ‘Premature’ death, disability and illness have meant losing billions of years of healthy life, largely due to preventable non-communicable diseases (NCDs)
Chichewa: Imfa zosayembekezela, kupuwala ndikudwala zatathauza kutaya mabiliyoni azaka za umoyo wabwino,kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda opeweka osapatsilana
English: Although they cause many health losses, relatively little public health spending goes to NCD prevention
Chichewa: Ngakhale zimapangitsa kuchepa wa thanzi, chuma chochepa cha boma pa nkhani yazaumoyo imapita ku ntchito zopewela matenda osapatsilanawa
English: Most countries, including in the developing world, have seen rising healthcare spending. But there is no direct relationship between health expenditure and wellbeing
Chichewa: Maiko ambiri kuphatikiza maiko osauka, awona kugwilitsa ntchito ndalama zambiri pa ntchito za umoyo. Koma palibe kulumikizana pakati pa kugwilitsa ntchito ndalama pa ntchito za umoyo ndi umoyo wabwino
English: Hence, more spending does not ensure better outcomes, whereas appropriate public healthcare provisioning does
Chichewa: Choncho, kugwilitsa ntchto ndalama zambiri sizitathauza zotsatira zabwino, pamene chisamaliro chabwino chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino
English: Although health spending has been rising in many developing countries, it has generally remained low in relation to income
Chichewa: Ngakhale kugwilitsa ntchito ndalama pa ntchito zaumoyo kwawera mu maiko oyamba kulemela, zakhalabe zotsika ndi ndalama zimene amapeza
English: Government health services were already facing fiscal constraints before the pandemic. To cope with Covid, public health expenditure in many middle-income countries spiked
Chichewa: Ntchito za boma za umoyo zimakumana kale ndi zovuta pa chuma mlili usanabwele. Polimba ndi covid, kagwilitsidwe ntchito ka chuma pa ntchito ya za umoyo mumaiko maiko amene amapeze chuma chopelapo zinakwera
English: Chronic underinvestment in public services has undermined healthcare overall. Many underfunded systems have nonetheless improved health conditions, reducing morbidity and mortality
Chichewa: Kuika ndalama zochepa kwa nthawi yayitali mu ntchito za boma zapitsa pansi ntchito za umoyo. Njira zambiri zolandila chuma chochepa zasitha miyoyo, kuchepetsa kudwala ndi imfa
English: Decent health outcomes, despite relatively low health spending, imply greater public expenditure ‘cost-effectiveness’ or efficiency
Chichewa: Zotsatila zabwino za umoyo, ngakhale ndi kugwilitsa ntchito kwa chuma chochepa, zikutathauza kugwilitsa chuma cha boma mosamala
English: Nonetheless, much more could be achieved with better policies, increased spending and more appropriate priorities
Chichewa: Komabe, zambiri zikhoza kukwanilitsidwa ndi malamulo abwino, chuma chambiri ndi zofunikila zambiri
English: Thus, reducing child and maternal mortality, besides improving sanitation and water supplies, have significantly raised life expectancy in developing countries
Chichewa: Motero, kuchepetsa imfa za ana ndi amayi,pambali popititsa patsogolo ukhondo ndi madzi, zasitha mlingo wamoyo ku maiko wotukuka kumene.
English: To enhance wellbeing, health systems must better protect people from current and future threats and challenges
Chichewa: Kuti tipititse umoyo wabwino, njira wa umoyo zikuyenela kuteteza anthu ku ziwopsezo zatsopano ndi zatsogolo ndi zovuta
English: Better public healthcare financing – with absolutely and relatively more, but also more appropriate funding – seems most important
Chichewa: Kupeleka chuma ku ntchito za boma zaumoyo- ndi kupeleka ndalama zochuluka - kukuoneka kuti ndi kofunikira kwambiri
English: Health promotion should involve more preventive efforts. By mainly focusing on curative interventions, most government spending and policy priorities neglect determinants of wellbeing, including inequities
Chichewa: Kupititsa patsogolo umoyo wabwino kukuyenela kukhudza kwabwiri ntchito zopewela. Poyan’ganira kwambiri ntchito yochilitsa, maboma ambiri amagwilitsa ntchito ndalama komanso malamulo ake saganizila zimene zimapangitsa umoyo wabwino kuphatikiza kusaweluzika
English: To better address overall wellbeing, a more comprehensive and integrated approach should integrate health with related public policies
Chichewa: Kuti tikwanilitse umoyo wabwino, njira yogwilitsa ntchito zinthu zonse komanso kugwira ntchito pamodzi ikuyenela kupphatikiza umoyo ndi malamulo oyendetsela dziko ena
English: Health reform recommendations should prioritize governments’ major commitments – to the people and the international community – of ‘universal health coverage’ to ensure ‘health for all’
Chichewa: Kusithaso ntchito zaumoyo zikuyenela kuika patsogolo zimene boma likufuna kukwanilitsa- kwa anthu komanso gulu la lapadziko lonse la pansi- ntchito za umoyo zofikila aliyense kuti tikwanilitse umoyo wabwino wa aliyense
English: Contraception does not determine choices about family size. Instead, it allows women and their partners to exercise that choice
Chichewa: Kulela sikumapeleka mwayi wosankha pakukula kwa banja. Koma, kumalola amayi ndi abwenzi awo kukhala ndi mwayi wopanga chisankho chimenecho
English: Research shows that women and their partners choose to have no or fewer children for a number of interrelated social and economic reasons
Chichewa: Kafukufuku waonetsa kuti amayi ndi abwenzi awo amasakha kusakhala kapana kukhala ndi ana ochepa pazifukwa za chikhalidwe komanso zachuma
English: Rising costs of housing and education, the irreconcilable tension between the demands of career and parenting, lack of affordable, quality childcare, and gender norms that place an unequal burden of domestic work and childcare on women have all been shown to influence women’s and couples’ decisions whether or not to have children
Chichewa: Kukwela kwa mitengo yanyumba ndi maphunziro, kulimbirana kwa zofuna za ntchito ndikulera ana, kusowa kwa chisamaliro chotsika mtengo  komanso chabwino cha ana komanso chikhalidwe chomwe chimayika udindo wambiri pa amayi pantchito zapakhomo ndi zosamalira ana zaonetsa kuti zimathandiza amayi kaoena banja kupanga ziganizo zokhala kapena osakhala ndi ana
English: Due to these socio-economic pressures, in most countries with low fertility, women are having fewer children than they would like
Chichewa: Chifukwa cha chiphinjo cha makhalidwe ndi zachuma, m’maiko ambiri kumene kochepa chonde, amayi akumakhala ndi ana ochepa kusiyana ndi m’mene angafunile
English: For this reason, purposely restricting access to contraception as a government policy response to declining fertility does not work because it does not address the root causes of the decision by women and their partners to have fewer children
Chichewa: Pachifukwa ichi, kuletsa anthu kupeza njira za kulela ngati malamulo a boma kutsatila kutsika kwa chonde mwa anthu sizimagwila chifukwa simakhudza choyambitsa chiganizo cha amayi ndi abwenzi awo kuti akhale ndi ana ochepa
English: Evidence from countries that have tried this approach shows that not only does it have little to no effect on the national birth rate but can lead to negative outcomes, too, such as increased maternal mortality and more abandoned children
Chichewa: Umboni wa m’amiko amene ayeselapo njira imeneyi zaonetsa kuti simakhala ndi zotsatila kapena zochepa pa mlingo wakubadwa mudziko koma zimakhala ndizotsatila zoipa monga imfa za amayi ndi ana osiyidwa
English: Governments in low fertility countries should, therefore, focus on addressing the gap between actual and desired family size and introduce a package of policies and investments that will reduce barriers to parenthood, improve family life and address gender inequality
Chichewa: Maboma amaiko amene kuli kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu nkochepa, akuyenela kuyika chidwi pokonza kusiyana pakati pa mmene kukula kwa banja kuliri ndi mmene akufunira ndipo ayike malamulo ndi ntchito zomwe zingachepetse zotchinga pa ukholo, kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabanja komanso kuthana ndi kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
English: For example, the availability of quality, affordable childcare, flexible work hours and paid parental leave can all improve working parents’ lives and such policies can help women and couples to have the number of children they desire
Chichewa: Mwachitsanzo, kupezeka kwa chisamaliro chabwino, chotsika mtengo, nthawi yomasuka yogwilira ntchito komanso malipiliro pamene munthu ali kutchuthichosamalira ana zikhoza kusitha miyoyo ya makolo ogwila ntchito ndipo malamulo ngati amenewa akhoza kuthandiza amayi ndi mabanja kukhala ndi chiwerengero cha ana omwe amafuna
English: Even when governments do not formally restrict access to contraception as a response to low fertility, there is still a risk that a government in the grip of “demographic anxiety” over a declining fertility rate would start de-prioritising contraception as it shifts its attention to family-support policies
Chichewa: Ngakhale maboma sakhazitse kuletsa kupeza njira zakulelela kutsatira kuchepa kwa chonde, pali chiwopsezo kuti maboma kukhala ndi mantha akuchulukana kwa anthu kuposa kutsika kwa chonde mwa anthu akhoza kuyambaso kuika patsogolo njira za kulera akasuthika kumalamulo othandizila mabanja
English: As a result of this, women and adolescent girls who need family planning to prevent an unintended pregnancy will find it more and more difficult to access the contraceptive method that best meets their needs
Chichewa: Pachifukwa ichi, amayi ndi atsikana otha msikhu akufunikila njira zakulera kuti apewe mimba zosakonzekela zizakhala zovuta kuti apeze njira zakulera zimene zili zoyenela ndizofuna zawo
English: Access to contraception remains essential for women throughout their reproductive years, regardless of their fertility decisions
Chichewa: Kupeza njira za kulela ndikofunikila kwa amayi pa zaka zawo zakubeleka, osatengela chiganizo cha chonde chawo
English: For couples who choose to have children, being able to decide on the spacing of births has both health and economic benefits
Chichewa: Kwa ma banja omwe asankha kukhala ndi ana, kuyika nthawi yokhalira ndi anawo zili ndi ubwino pa umoyo wabwino komanso pachuma.
English: It is recommended that women allow two-three years between births to ensure the best health outcomes for themselves and their child, and contraception allows them to do so
Chichewa: Ndikolimbikitsika kwa amayi kuti azikhala ndi mpata wazaka ziwiri kapena zitatu pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti thanzi lawo ndi lamwana ndilabwino ndipo njira zakulera ndizo zimathandizira izi.
English: Lower income households can find it easier to manage the cost of raising a child when there is a two-three-year gap between births and parents can have more time to focus on the needs of individual children
Chichewa: Kwa mabanja opeza mochepekedwa ndikosavuta kusamalira ana awo pomwe akupeleka mpata wa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu asadakhale ndi mwana wina poti makolo amakhala ndi nthawi yokhanira yosamalira mwana mmodzi.
English: These health, economic and social advantages of spacing of births with the support of contraception also benefit society as a whole
Chichewa: Kupeleka mpata ochulukirapo musadakhaleso ndi mwana otsatira ndi chithandizo cha njira zakulera kumathandizaso dera lonse.
English: Contraception also plays an important role in allowing women and their partners who choose to have children to decide the total size of their family
Chichewa: Njira zakulera zimathandizaso mabanja omwe asankha kukhala ndi ana kusankha kukula kwa mabanja awo.
English: Whether a woman has one, two or three children, she will spend many years having the ability to conceive while not wanting to do so
Chichewa: Mzimayi kaya ali ndi mwana mmodzi, awiri kapena atatu, atha kukhala zaka zambiri zomwe atha kubeleka koma asakufuna kutero.
English: For example, if a woman has her first child at 25, chooses to have two more children and remains fertile until 42, she could experience 14 years where she is able to conceive but does not want to have any more children because her family is complete
Chichewa: Mwachitsanzo, ngati mzimayi wakhala ndi mwana oyamba ali ndi zaka 25 ndikusankha kukhala ndi ana ena awiri atha kukhalabe wachonde kudzafikira zaka 42 pomwe atha kukhala zaka 14 ndikuthekera kobeleka koma asakufuna kutero poti banja lake lidakwana.
English: What about young people who do not wish to start a family yet? In many societies, marriage and childbirth remain interlinked, but as the average age of marriage increases, young people can find themselves in relationships for an increasing number of years during which time they do not want to have a child
Chichewa: Nanga kwa achinyamata omwe sadaganize zokhala pabanja? M’madera ambiri, banja ndikukhala ndi mwana ndizolumikizana koma pomwe zaka zolowera m’banja zikuchulukirachulukira, achinyamata atha kukhala mma ubwezi kwa zaka zingapo koma osafuna kukhala ndi mwana
English: Preventing an unintended pregnancy through contraception is better than responding to an unintended pregnancy through abortion. Increasing contraception awareness through age-appropriate sexuality education and ensuring contraceptive access through high quality, non-judgmental health services is vital to enabling adolescents and young adults to manage their individual reproductive choices
Chichewa: Kupewa mimba yosayembekezera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera ndikwabwino kusiyana ndikuchotsa mimba. Kuwadziwitsa achinyamata zanjira za kulera kudzera munjira zosiyanasiyana potengera misinkhu yawo komanso kuonetsetsa kuti akupeza njirazi kudzera mu ntchito zapamwamba zopanda tsankho ndikofunika kuti achinyamata ndi akuluakulu ena akwanitse kuchita chisankho pazaubeleki wawo
English: With the right policies and investment, we can build thriving, inclusive societies regardless of population size, and universal access to safe and effective contraception is essential for the health and well-being of those societies and the empowerment of women and girls to make choices about their own bodies and lives
Chichewa: Ndi njira zoyenera titha kumanga madera ochita bwino posatengera chiwelengero ndipo kuthekera kofikira njira zakulera ndikothandiza pa moyo wathanzi komanso kulimbikitsa amayi ndi atsikana kupanga ziganizo zoyenera pa matupi ndi miyoyo yawo
English: He said the neglected facilities put the district at risk of disease outbreaks with deadly consequences on both human beings and animals
Chichewa: Iye anati madera olekeleledwa akuyika bomali pa chiopsezo cha miliri ya nthenda zoopsa pa miyoyo ya anthu komanso zinyama.
English: Dogs have easy access to the slaughterhouses where they scavenge for leftovers from animal carcasses, putting surrounding communities at risk of contracting diseases such as rabies,” he states
Chichewa: Agalu amakwana kufika kumalo ophera nyama komwe amadya zokhala zanyama kuyika pachiopsezo anthu a mmadera ozungulira chotenga matenda monga chiwewe.
English: Musopole said the dogs are likely to feed on infected carcasses, creating a conducive environment for disease transmission from animals to human beings
Chichewa: Musopole anati agalu atha kudya nyama yamatenda, kupangitsa dera kuti likhale malo omwe matenda atha kufala kuchoka kwa zinyama kupita kwa anthu.
English: According to district medical officer, Chitipa has registered a surge in people seeking treatment for rabies after being bitten by stray dogs
Chichewa: Malingana ndi wamkulu oyang’anira za umoyo m’bomali, boma la Chitipa lalandira anthu ochuluka kwambiri ofuna thandizo la chiwewe atalumidwa ndi agalu oyendeyenda.
English: Treatment for rabies is very expensive, for instance, we spend about K2 million on rabies vaccine annually,” she said
Chichewa: Thandizo la chiwewe ndilodula kwambiri, mwachitsazo, timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama yosachepera 2 million pa katemera wa chiwewe,” iwo anatero.
English: Health and Rights Education Programme (Hrep) has asked health authorities to make pneumonia a public health priority
Chichewa: Health and Rights Education Programme (HREP) lapempha adindo azaumoyo kuyikapo mtima pofuna kuthana ndi nthenda ya pneumonia
English: Hrep has also called upon government and authorities to ensure that pneumonia vaccine and treatment are always available in health facilities as it is a right and not a privilege
Chichewa: HREP yafusaso boma ndi adindo kuonetsetsa kuti thandizo ndi katemera wa nthenda ya pneunomia zikupezeka mzipatala zaboma ndipo anthu akukhala ndi ufulu ozipeza.
English: Pneumonia can be prevented and cured. Yet, for too long, it has been the leading cause of global deaths among children. We know what to do and we have made great progress, but we must do more
Chichewa: Pneunomia ndiyopeweka komanso kuchizika. Komabe, kwa nthawi yayitali yakhala ikudzetsa imfa pakati pa ana. Tikudziwa choyenera kuchita ndipo tikuchita bwino, komabe titha kuchita kuposera pamenepo.
English: Events on the day seek to raise awareness, promote prevention and treatment and generate action to fight the disease
Chichewa: Cholinga cha zodzachitika patsikulo ndikufuna kudziwitsa anthu kupewa ndi thandizo and kupeza njira zolimbilana ndi nthendayi.
English: Pneumonia is a form of acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs, making breathing painful and limiting oxygen intake. It is the most frequent cause of death in children under the age of five
Chichewa: Pneumonia ndi nthenda yomwe imagwira mapapo kupangitsa kupuma kukhala kovutirapo. Nthendayi ndiyomwe imapangitsa kwambiri imfa pakati pa ana osadutsa zaka 5.
English: In Sub-Saharan Africa, child pneumonia deaths account for an estimated 18 percent of under-five mortality of which three percent occur during the neonatal period
Chichewa: Mchigawo cha ku mmwera kwa Africa, nthenda ya Pneumonia imapangitsa imfa 18 pa imfa 100 zilizonse za pakati pa ana osadutsa zaka 5 ndipo imfa zitatu zimakhala za ana ongobadwa kumene.
English: Incidences of pneumonia and the case-fatality rate are highest among infants and decline with increasing age
Chichewa: Imfa zodza kamba ka nthenda ya Pneumonia zimachulukira pakati pa ana ndipo zimachepa akamakula
English: Malawi has over the past decade made significant progress reducing deaths in children under five; however, pneumonia remains the single biggest killer, taking the lives of an estimated 1 000 babies and young children in 2010
Chichewa: Kwa zaka khumi zapitazo dziko la Malawi lagwira ntchito yotamandika pothana ndi imfa zodza kamba ka nthenda ya Pneumonia pakati pa ana osadutsa zaka 5. Komabe, pneumonia ikadali nthenda yomwe ikupha ana kwambiri pomwe nthendayi idapha ana pafupifupi 1000 mu mchaka cha 2010.
English: The disease is caused by rabies virus which is spread from animals to humans through infected saliva passing through bites and scratches
Chichewa: Nthendayi imadza kamba ka chiwewe chomwe chimapatsilidwa kuchoka ku zinyama kupita kwa anthu kudzera mmalovu pomwe munthu walumidwa kapena wakalidwa.
English: Most human exposures are from domestic dogs. The incubation period, the time between exposure to the virus and when signs and symptoms become evident, varies from one week to a year
Chichewa: Anthu ambiri amatenga nthendayi kwa agalu. Nthawi yomwe nthendayi ingaonekere imakhala pakati pa sabata imodzi mpaka chaka chathunthu.
English: There are two forms of rabies. There is furious rabies whereby the infected person shows signs of hyperactivity, excited behaviour and hydrophobia. Death follows a few days later resulting from failure of the heart and breathing system
Chichewa: Pali mitundu iwiri ya chiwewe. Mtundu oyamba ndi owopsa kwambiri omwe zizindikiro zak zimakakhala kufuntha. Imfa imadza masiku ochepa otsatira kapena kakusiya kugwira ntchito kwa mtima komanso kulephera kupuma.
English: The other form is called paralytic rabies which takes a longer course as compared to the furious form. In the paralytic form, paralysis gradually develops starting from the site of the bite or scratch then the infected person goes into coma which is followed by death
Chichewa: Mtundu wina wa chiwewe ndi omwe munthu odwala amaonetsa kupunduka kuchokera malo omwe walumidwa kapena kukalidwa ndipo odwalayu amakomoka kenako ndikufa.
English: The most effective way to prevent rabies in people is by eradicating rabies in dogs
Chichewa: Njira yothandiza kwambiri kuteteza chiwewe mwa anthu ndikuthetsa chiwewecho mwa agalu.
English: There is also need for more community veterinary officers to provide veterinary services, including dog vaccination at community level
Chichewa: Paliso kufunika kwakulu kuti owona za umoyo wa ziweto azibaya katemera wa ziweto yu mmadera.
English: The advertisement called on all uncircumcised men to voluntarily to go for male circumcision as a fight against HIV
Chichewa: Chidziwitsocho chayitanitsa abambo omwe sadapange m’dulidwe kuti akapange pofuna kuthana ndi HIV
English: Towards the end of the advert a disclaimer: “remember that male circumcision efficacy is at 60 percent. So, always remember to use a condom!”
Chichewa: Komaliza kwa uthengawo kuli mawu achenjezo “kumbulikilana kuti chitetezo cha m’dulidwe ndichochepa chabe kotero kumbukilani kugwilitsa ntchito chishango!”
English: “If male genital mutilation really worked, why do circumcised men here catch HIV and die?” “May be they are not professionally and voluntarily circumcised?” Jean joked
Chichewa: “Ngati m’dulidwe wa abambo umathandizadi kwathunthu nchifukwa chani azibambo odulidwa amatenga HIV ndikumwalira?” Jean anatero mopanga nthabwala.
English: Why has circumcision not resulted in reduced spread of HIV, here? Why does my simple question stand unanswered?” she asked
Chichewa: Nchifukwa chani m’dulidwe sukuchepetsa kufala kwa HIV kuno? Bwanji funso langa silikuyankhidwa? Iye anafunsa
English: Circumcise and condomise! The campaign means health officials now acknowledge they initially misled Malawians about the importance of male circumcision,” Jean declared.
Chichewa: Mupange m’dulidwe komanso gwilitsani ntchito chishango! Uthenga uwu ukuonetsera kuti achipatala akuvomeleza kunamiza a Malawi ubwino wa m’dulidwe,” Jean adatero.
English: We believed there was no cure for HIV and we started behaving ourselves, then came ‘circumcise and ye shall be safe from HIV!’” she wondered
Chichewa: Tidakhulupilira kuti palibe mankhwala ochiza HIV ndikuyamba kudzisamala kenako akuti pangani m;dulidwe ndipo mutetezeka ku HIV! Iye adadabwa.
English: “What is ABC?” Jean asked. “Abstain, be faithful to one partner and condomise if you don’t trust each other!”
Chichewa: Kodi ABC nchani? Kudzaletsa, kukhala okhulupilika kwa wina ndi mzake komaso kugwilitsa ntchito chishango ngati simukukhulupilirana.
English: President Peter Mutarika says for the first in the history of Malawi, government will introduce a health insurance scheme for all public servants and will also explore possibilities of health insurance for all Malawians
Chichewa: President Peter Mutharika adati koyamba mu mbiri yadziko la Malawi boma liyambitsa insurance ya za umoyo kwa ogwira m’boma pomwe likuwunguzaso zoyamitsa insurance yi kwa a Malawi onse.
English: Crisis looms in the health sector as four months to the end of the 2022/23 fiscal year, some district health and social services (DHSS) offices have depleted their funding for procuring drugs
Chichewa: Zowopsa zikuyembekezeka kuchitika kumbali ya za umoyo pomwe kwatsala miyezi inayi kuti timalize chaka cha zachuma cha 2022/2023 ndipo ma office a za umoyo ndi chisamaliro cha anthu mma boma ena adamaliza kale ndalama zawo.
English: The revelation came from a workshop organised by Central Medical Stores Trust (CMST) in Blantyre last week.
Chichewa: Izi zadziwika pa mkumano omwe anapangitsa ndi a Central Medical Stores Trust (CMST) ku Blantyre sabata latha.
English: Some health facilities have been hit hard with drug shortages
Chichewa: Zipatala zina zikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusowa kwa mankhwala.
English: While the Ministry of Health has dispelled fears of a crisis, the development has created anxiety among stakeholders who have since urged government to treat the matter with seriousness and urgency it deserves
Chichewa: Pomwe unduna wa za umoyo wakayikira nkhawazi, izi zadzetsa kale nkhawa pakati pa okhudziwa omwe awuza boma kuyikapo mtima pa nkhani yi pofuna kuthana ndi bvuto losowa kwa mankhwala ku.
English: This means the affected district health offices cannot go to the CMST to procure drugs, which also means that they cannot prescribe in their units
Chichewa: Izi zikutanthauza kuti maboma okhudzidwa sangapite nawo ku Central Medical Stores Trust kukagula mankhwala
English: Actually, this is worrisome because it is not the first time. Last year, some hospitals were also put in a similar situation three months towards the end of the year
Chichewa: Izi ndizodandaulitsa kamba koti aka sikoyamba. Chaka chatha, zipatala zina zidaliso mmavuto otere kutakhala miyezi itatu kuti chaka cha za chuma chithe.
English: But as Parliament, we reminded government that the heath sector was not being adequately funded, especially the drugs budget and needed to be increased
Chichewa: Koma ngati yamalamulo, tidakumbutsa boma kuti nthambi ya za umoyo sikupatsidwa ndalama zokwanira, makamaka ndalama zogulira mankhwala zikuyenera kuonjezeledwa.
English: The increase was made but it wasn’t much, and that is why we are in this situation again. However, we will use that same analog to press for more funding, so that the drugs budget is increased,” he said
Chichewa: Kuonjezera komwe kudachitika sikudali kokwanira ndipo nchifukwa chake tiliso mmavuto omwewa. Komabe, tigwilitsa ntchito njira zomwezo popempha thandizo lachuma kuti ndalama yogulira ndalama iwonjezeledwe,” iwo anatero.
English: For a long time, government has centralised aspects such as drug budget management to the extent that district hospitals have had human made drug stock-outs and shortages of essential medical supplies
Chichewa: Kwa nthawi yayitali, boma lakhala likuyika pamodzi ndalama zogulira mankhwala mpaka kufikira kuti mzipatala zina ma vuto akusowa kwa mankhwala ofunika kwambiri amakhala ochita kupangidwa.
English: Depletion of health budgets surfaces at a time allocation to the country’s drug budget has been dwindling in the past four years amid shortages of essential drugs and supplies in public health facilities
Chichewa: Kuchepetsedwa kwa ndalama yokagwira ntchito za umoyo yabwera mu nthawi yomwe ndondomeko ya dziko yandalama zogulira mankhwala yakhalaso ikuchepetsedwa kwa zaka zinayi zotsatira pakati posowa kwa mankhwala ofunikira mzipatala za boma.
English: She observed that pregnant girls, teen mothers as well as their children seek medical attention frequently than mature mothers and their children, a development that put pressure to resources in public health institutions such as medical drugs as well as medical staff
Chichewa: Iwo anapeza kuti atsikana oyembekezera, amayi achichepere ndi ana awo amakafuna thandizo la chipatala pafupipafupi kuposa amayi okhwima ndi ana awo chinthu chomwe chikuthetsa nsanga zipangizo zachipatala komaso mankhwala ngakhale kuyika pa mpanipani ogwira ntchito mzipatalazi
English: She said: “Each and every day the Ministry of Health is really doing a good job, but people say we don’t have medicine, maybe clinical officers have stolen the medicine, but no it’s because of the early marriages
Chichewa: Iwo anati “Tsiku lililose udindo wa za umoyo ukugwira ntchito yotamandika, koma anthu akuti tilibe mankhwala, mwina ogwira ntchito mzipatala akuba mankhwala, koma sichifukwa cha mabanja a ana ang’onoang’ono.
English: One pays a lot of money but the standards of service delivery are very poor. That is why those on medical aid once they retire or resign from their jobs just fall away because it’s a waste of money
Chichewa: Munthu amalipira ndalama zambiri koma thandizo lake ndilosakhala bwino. Ichi nchifukwa chake iwo ali pa mgwirizano wa thandizo la za chipatala akasiya ntchito amangozisiya chifukwa nkutaya ndalama.
English: He observed that the health insurance market was still immature resulting in lack of transparency and dubious health insurance claims
Chichewa: Iwo anapeza kuti msika wa ma insurance a za umoyo unali osakhwima zomwe zimapangitsa kusowa chilungamo
English: There is lack of transparency and accountability within the sector with no proper regulations and such malpractices put the lives of vulnerable patients who are in need of quality healthcare at risk because they cannot sustain the insurance
Chichewa: Pali kusowa chilungamo ku nthambiyi ndipo mchitidwe oyipawu ukuyika pachiopsezo odwala omwe akufunika thandizo la chipatala koma sangakwanitse insurance ya thandizo la mankhwala.
English: Matemba said the other challenge was lack of public health insurance cover which makes the private health practitioners to flourish and take advantage of the market
Chichewa: Matemba anati bvuto lina ndikusowa kwa insurance ya za umoyo ya boma zomwe zikupangitsa a private kutengera mwayi
English: Ministry of Health spokesperson said although the ministry has not officially received the research, they know the high premiums are as a result of the thin customer base
Chichewa: Ofalitsa nkhani ku unduna wa za umoyo wati ngakhale unduna wu siwudalandir kafukufuku iwo akudziwa kuti insurance ndiyodula kamba koti makasitomala ndi ochepa.
English: If they had a wider customer base automatically that would make the premiums come to a reasonable level like it is in other countries where a lot of people subscribe to medical insurance policies and their premiums are quite manageable
Chichewa: Akadakhala ndi makasitomala ambiri zachidziwikire mtengo olipira insurance ukadakhala omvelera monga momwe ziliri mma boma ena komwe anthu ambiri amalipira insurance ya thandizo la chipatala.
English: So in Malawi, we have a very thin customer base because of, perhaps, low literacy levels in that not many people appreciate the benefits of health insurance but again the low income status, which even if one were to know the benefits, most of them could still not afford,” he said
Chichewa: Kotero ku Malawi kuno, tili ndi makasitomala ochepa kamba kakusadziwa ubwino wa insurance yi komanso kamba ka umphawi zomwe ngakhale anthu akadadziwa ubwino wake sangakwanitse kulipira,” iwo anatero.
English: On February 20 2017, 30-year-old Chrissy Phiri delivered her sixth born daughter in a bush at midnight on her way to the Kasungu district hospital
Chichewa: Pa 20 February mchaka cha 2017, Chrissy Phiri wazaka 30 adabeleka mwana wake wa nambala 6 patchire usiku pomwe amapita ku chipatala chachikulu cha boma la Kasungu.
English: She defied reality as she unilaterally underwent a baby delivery process in the middle of nowhere, while a hired young kabaza boy (bicycle peddler) waited for her at a stone-throw away distance
Chichewa: Iye adachita mosiyana ndimomwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse pomwe adabeleka mwana pa njira pomwe mnyamata wakabaza amadikilira pakamtunda ndithu.
English: She bore a baby boy but today she cannot afford to imagine the excruciating pain she went through the, she laments
Chichewa: Adabadwitsadi mwana wa mmuna koma lero sangakwanitse kuganizira za ululu omwe adamva, iye adadandawula.
English: The boy is five years now and is doing standard one at one of the remotest Primary Schools in Traditional Authority Wimbe in Kasungu
Chichewa: Mnyamatayo ali ndi zaka 5 ndipo ali mukalasi loyamba pa imodzi mwa masukulu akumudzi kotheratu m’dera la mfumu yaikulu Wimbe m’boma la Kasungu.
English: Her narration to this report was emotional as tears snaked down her cheeks. She wonders why the government, through Kasungu Municipality and the district health office, is still not paying attention to the health challenges in the area
Chichewa: Kufotokoza kwake kudali komvetsa chisoni pomwe misozi imatsika mmasaya mwake. Iye amadabwa kuti nchifukwa chani boma kudzera ku Chipatala chachikulu cha Kasungu komaso ofesi za umoyo m’bomali saonetsa chidwi pa mavuto a zaumoyo omwe ali m’derali.
English: Nurses advise us to go and wait at the district hospital during the last trimester, but it’s impossible for most of us working on estates. Our supervisors don’t allow that. The only solution is to have a maternity facility nearby,” she bemoaned
Chichewa: Anamwino amatilangiza kupita kukadikilira kuchipatala cha ku boma miyezi itatu yakumapeto koma nzosatheka poti ambiri mwa ife timagwira ntchito mminda ya ma kampani. Mabwana athu salora zimenezo. Njira yokhayo yotheka ndikukhala ndi chipatala chochililako pafupi, iye anadandaula.
English: Phiri’s ordeal is a replica of a version shared by Dorica Zuze, from Disenti village in Nsanje.She is a mother of five
Chichewa: Nkhani ya Phiri ikufanana ndi ya Dorica Zuze wa mmudzi mwa Disenti m’boma la Nsanje yemwe ndi mayi wa ana 5.
English: The 35-year-old farmer worries that due to the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic, family planning services from hear nearby health center have been heavily compromised
Chichewa: Mlimi wa zaka 35 yu akudandaula kuti kamba kakudza kwa mliri wa covid-19, ntchito yopeleka njira zakulera pa chipatala chapafupi idasokonekera,
English: She says if she had enough money, she could have resorted to visiting private clinics but her limited income does not allow such a “luxury.”
Chichewa: Iye anati akadakhala ndi ndalama zokwanira akadayamba kupita ku zipatala zomwe sizaboma koma kuchepekedwa kwake kukupangitsa izi kukhala zosatheka.
English: Her fears were justified. She is in fact vindicated. Recent research by United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) shows that many governments across the world, including Malawi, are diverting funds meant for sexual reproductive health (SRH) and family planning to the Covid-19 fight
Chichewa: Nkhawa zake ndizoveka. Kafukufuku wa bungwe la United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) akuonetsa kuti mayiko ambiri kuphatikiza Malawi akutenga ndalama zomwe zikadagwira ntchito zina za umoyo kupatikizapo za uchembero wabwino kukagwira ntchito yothana ndi covid-19
English: Apart from physically visiting several health centers and other public hospitals in both north and southern region of the country, as part of the project, this reporter also randomly appreciated the views and welfare of rural dweller to share their experiences in the access to healthcare in the country
Chichewa: Kupatula kuyendera zipatala zingapo ku mpto ndi ku mmwera kwa dziko lino, project ino inamvaso maganizo a anthu okhala madera akumudzi kuti timve zomwe amakumana nazo akufuna kupeza thandizo la chipatala mdziko muno.
English: Therefore, there is a need for policies such as intensifying mobile clinics, health cards for the less privileged to address the factors that contribute to this disparity in health care access
Chichewa: Choncho pali kufunika koyika ndondomeko zomwe ndi monga kuyambitsa zipatala zoyendayenda komanso zikalata za umoyo kwa iwo opeza mopelewera pofuna kuthana ndi vuto lakusiyana pakapezedwe kwathandizo la chipatala.
English: The difficulties arise because of long distances that are more than five kilometres from the nearest health facility and other physical barriers such as impassable rivers and mountains, he says
Chichewa: Mavutowa amadza kamaba ka mitunda itali-itali yemwe ndiyoposa ma kilometre asanu kuchoka pa chipatala cha pafupi komanso zifukwa zina monga mitsinje ndi mapiri omwe amapangitsa kuyenda kokhala kovuta,” iwo anatero.
English: Corroborating the reporter’s findings, the researcher also discovers that sometimes health personnel in Malawi are reluctant to live in remote areas as they prefer urban zones hence perpetuating the socioeconomic inequality in access to healthcare
Chichewa: Pogwilizana ndizonena za ofotokoza yu, opanga kafukufuku anapeza kuti nthawi zina ogwira ntchito za umoyo ku Malawi kuno amakana kukakhala mmadera akumudzi kwambiri pomwe amakonda kukhala mmatawuni zomwe zikupangitsa kuti pazikhala kusiyana pakapezedwe ka thandizo la chipatala pakati pa anthu a mtawuni ndikumudzi.
English: And such a skewed distribution of health personnel, according to our findings has a negative multiplier effects on other key factors of production hence affecting the domestic economy at large
Chichewa: Ndipo kusiyana kwa kagawidwe ka anthu ogwira ntchito za umoyo, malingana ndizomwe tapeza kuli ndi zotsatira zoyipa pa chitukuko zomwe zikusokoneza chuma chammakomo ambiri.
English: For example, it is revealed that the presence of socioeconomic inequalities in health care may mean that Malawi might have poor labour, in turn affecting economic development since labour is the fundamental factor of production
Chichewa: Mwachitsanzo, zadziwika kuti kusiyana kwakapezedwe ka thandizo la za umoyo mMalawi muno kungatanthauze dziko lizikhala ndi kuthekera kokhala ndi ogwira ntchito bwinobwino kochepa zomwe mmalo mwake zingakhudze chitukuko pa chuma
English: However, given the difference in the spatial distribution of facilities, health posts, dispensaries, village clinics, mobile clinics and health surveillance assistances (HSAs) are used to provide health care at the community level
Chichewa: Komabe, ndikusiyana kwakagawide ka zipangizo za umoyo ku, zipatala za mmadera akumudzi, \ipatala zoyendayenda koma a za umoyo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeleka thandizo la chipatala kumadera.
English: But HSAs are responsible for a population of 1000 individuals in their area. Health centres and community hospitals, which are even larger than the former, are used to provide primary-level services
Chichewa: Koma a za umoyo ali ndi udindo ofikira chiwelengero cha anthu 1000 m’dera lawo. Zipatala za zing’onozing’ono komanso za mmadera zomwe zili zokulilapo zimapeleka thandizo pokulirapo chabe.
English: This inadequate budget allocation may have resulted in shortages of medical supply and human resource resources in public facilities, where less privileged people receive health care
Chichewa: Kagawidwe ka ndondomeko ya chuma kosakwaniraka nkuthaka kadakolozera kuchepa kwa kupezeka kwa zipangizo za umoyo mzipatala zaboma komwe anthu opeza mopelewera amakapezako thandizo la chipatala.
English: Even though Africa has had better economic growth in the recent past as compared to other regions, when African countries become richer, government spending on health does not automatically increase
Chichewa: Ngakhale kuti Africa wakhala akutukuka kwambiri pa chuma kusiyana ndimadera ena, pomwe mayiko aku Africa atukuka pachuma boma silimakwezabe chuma chokagwira ntchito zotukula za umoyo.
English: This has become a routine for me and my colleagues. Being a mother, I am happy that our children eat porridge at school. It improves their nutrition, school attendance and concentration in class,” says the mother-of-four, from Kapazanje Village
Chichewa: Ichi chasanduka chizolowezi kwa ine ndi anzanga. Kukhala mayi, ndine osangalala kuti ana athu akumadya phala kusukulu. Zikuthandiza thanzi lawo, kabweledwe ka ana kusukulu komaso kumvetsera bwino mkalasi,” anatero mayi wa ana anayi ochokera mmudzi wa Kapazanje.
English: Despite having to cook for about a thousand learners, Banda and her group are not chocked by smoke and deadly fumes that claim a life every eight seconds
Chichewa: Kusawelengera kuphikira ophunzira pafupifupi 1000, Banda ndi anzake sakutekeseka ndi utsi wamphamvu omwe ukumachotsa moyo mma second 8 aliwose.
English: They use a cookstove that uses less fuelwood and emits less smoke than open fires
Chichewa: Iwo amagwilitsa ntchito mbaula yomwe imagwilitsa ntchito nkhuni zochepa ndikutulutsa utsi ochepa.
English: We use three pieces of wood to cook and we do not face the hardships of cooking in a smoky kitchen
Chichewa: Timagwilitsa ntchito nkhuni zitatu pophika ndipo sitikumana ndimavuto ophikira mmalo a utsi.
English: We believe that everyone, who volunteers to make the national school feeding programme work, should be protected from toxic fumes. Once we get sick, we cannot cook for children anymore,” she says
Chichewa: Tikukhulupilira kuti aliyese odzipeleka kuthandizira kuti ndondomeko yopeleka chakudya kwa ophunzira mmasukulu itheke akuyenera kutetedza ku utsi owopsa. Pomwe tadwala sitingaphikireso ophunzirawa,” iwo anatero.
English: The rollout of the meals is credited with increasing enrolment, attendance, concentration and performance of learners in many primary schools countrywide
Chichewa: Kapelekedwe ka chakudya kakugwilizana ndikuchuluka kwa ophunzira, kabweledwe ka kusukulu, komanso chidwi cha ophunzira mkalasi msukulu za Primary mdziko muno.
English: I’m pregnant, but I still come to cook because I know I am safe and nothing can happen to me. The environment is good for a woman like me. I don’t fear for my life and that of the unborn baby,” she explains
Chichewa: Ndine oyembekezera koma ndimabwerabe kudzaphika chifukwa ndikudziwa ndine otetezedwa ndipo palibe chingandichitikire. Ndi malo abwino kwa munthu ngati ine. Sindidera nkhawa za moyo wanga ndi mwana ndikumuyembekezrayo,” iwo anafotokoza.
English: In what month and year did you move here?
Chichewa: Kodi ndi mwezi komanso chaka chanji chimene munabwera kuno?
English: Just before you moved here, which district/city did you live in?
Chichewa: Musanabwere kuno, kodi mumakhala boma lanji/mzinda uti?
English: Just before you moved here, did you live in a city, in a town, or in a rural area?
Chichewa: Musanabwere kuno, kodi mumakhala ku mzinda, kutauni kapena kumudzi?
English: Why did you move to this place?
Chichewa: Kodi munabwera kuno chifukwa chiyani?
English: In what month and year were you born?
Chichewa: Kodi munabadwa mwezi komanso chaka chanji?
English: How old were you at your last birthday?

Chichewa: Kodi mwakwanitsa zaka zingati zakubadwa?
English: In general, would you say your health is very good, good, moderate, bad, or very bad?
Chichewa: Kodi munganene kuti umoyo wanu mu zonse, ulibwino kwambiri, ulibwino, pakatikati, sulibwino kapena sulibwino kwambiri?
English: Have you ever attended school?
Chichewa: Kodi munapitako ku sukulu?
English: What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher?
Chichewa: Kodi sukulu munalekeza ku pulaimale, sekondale kapena kupitilira apo?
English: What is the highest grade/form/year you completed at that level?
Chichewa: Kodi munamaliza kalasi yanji?
English: Now I would like you to read this sentence to me.

Can you read any part of the sentence to me?
Chichewa: Tsopano ndikufuna mundiwerengere chiganizo ichi.

Kodi mungathe kundiwerengera mbali imodzi ya chiganizochi?
English: Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week, less than once a week or not at all?
Chichewa: Kodi mumawerenga nyuzipepala kapena magazini pafupifupi  kamodzi pa sabata, kuchepera kamodzi pa sabata, kapena simuwerenga nkomwe?
English: Do you listen to the radio at least once a week, less than once a week or not at all?
Chichewa: Kodi mumanvera wayilesi  kamodzi pa sabata, kuchepera kamodzi pa sabata, kapena simumvera nkomwe?
English: Do you watch television at least once a week, less than once a week or not at all?
Chichewa: Kodi mumawonera wayilesi yakanema pafupifupi  kamodzi pa sabata, kuchepera kamodzi pa sabata, kapena simuwonera nkomwe?
English: Do you own a mobile phone?
Chichewa: Kodi muli ndi lamya ya m'manja?
English: Is your mobile phone a smart phone?
Chichewa: Kodi lamya yanu yam'manja ndi yamakono?
English: Have you ever used the Internet from any location on any device? 
Chichewa: Kodi munayamba mwagwiritsapo ntchito internet kuchokera kudera lina lililonse, kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo china chilichonse?
English: In the last 12 months, have you used the Internet?
Chichewa: M'miyezi khumi ndi iwiri yapitayi, kodi munagwiritsapo ntchito internet?
English: During the last one month, how often did you use the Internet: almost every day, at least once a week, less than once a week, or not at all?
Chichewa: M'mwezi umodzi wathawu, munagwiritsapo ntchito internet: pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, kamodzi pa sabata, kuchepera kamodzi pa sabata, kapena simunagwiritse ntchito nkomwe?
English: What is your religion?
Chichewa: Kodi ndinu a chipembedzo chanji?
English: What is your ethnic group?
Chichewa: Kodi ndinu a mtundu wanji?
English: Now I would like to ask about all the births you have had during your life. Have you ever given birth?
Chichewa: Tsopano ndikufuna ndifunseni zokhudzana ndi ana onse omwe munabereka m'moyo wanu onse. Kodi munayamba mwaberekapo?
English: Do you have any sons or daughters to whom you have given birth who are now living with you?
Chichewa: Kodi muli ndi ana amuna kapena akazi omwe munabereka inuyo ndipo mumakhala nawo pakhomo pano?
English: How many sons live with you?
Chichewa: Mumakhala ndi ana amuna obereka nokha angati?
English: And how many daughters live with you?
Chichewa: Nanga mumakhala ndi ana akazi obereka nokha angati?
English: Do you have any sons or daughters to whom you have given birth who are alive but do not live with you?
Chichewa: Kodi muli ndi ana amuna kapena akazi omwe munabereka inuyo ndipo ali moyo koma simumakhala nawo pakhomo pano?
English: How many sons are alive but do not live with you?
Chichewa: Ndi ana amuna angati omwe ali moyo koma simumakhala nawo pakhomo pano?
English: And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you?
Chichewa: Nanga ndi ana akazi angati omwe ali moyo koma simumakhala nawo pakhomo pano?
English: Have you ever given birth to a boy or girl who was born alive but later died? For example, any baby who cried, who made any movement, sound, or effort to breathe, or who showed any other signs of life even if for a very short time?
Chichewa: Kodi munaberekapo mwana wamwamuna kapena wamkazi amene anabadwa ali moyo keneko nkumwalira? Mwachitsanzo, mwana amene atabadwa anaonetsa zizindikiro za moyo monga kutakataka, kulira kapena kuyesera kupuma, ngakhale kwa ka nthawi kochepa?
English: How many boys have died?
Chichewa: Ndi ana amuna angati amene anamwalira?
English: And how many girls have died?
Chichewa: Nanga ndi ana akazi angati amene anamwalira?
English: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in total this number births during your life. Is that correct?
Chichewa: Kungofuna kutsimikiza ngati ndalemba zolondola: munaberekapo ana okwana motero pamoyo wanu wonse. Ndi momwemo?
English: Women sometimes have a pregnancy that does not result in a live birth. For example, a pregnancy can end in a miscarriage, an abortion, or the child can be born dead. Have you ever had a pregnancy that did not end in a live birth?
Chichewa: Nthawi zina azimayi amakhala ndi pakati pamene mapeto ake sabereka mwana wamoyo. Machitsanzo, kupita padera, kuchotsa pakati, kapena kubereka mwana omwalira. Kodi munayamba mwakhalapo ndi pakati pamene simunabereke mwana wamoyo?
English: How many miscarriages, abortions, and stillbirths have you had?
Chichewa: Kodi munakhalapo ndi mimba zingati zomwe munapititsa padera, kuchotsa kapena mwanayo kupitilira?
English: Now I would like to record all your pregnancies including live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, and abortions, starting with your first pregnancy.
Chichewa: Tsopano ndikufuna ndilembe tsatanetsane wa mimba zonse kuphatikazapo ana omwe anabadwa ndi moyo, ana obadwa atamwalira/kupitilira, pakati pamene panachoka komanso pakati pomwe panachotsedwa, kuyambira ndi mimba yanu yoyamba.
English: Think back to your first pregnancy. Was that a single pregnancy, twins, or triplets? 
Chichewa: Kumbukilani za mimba yanu yoyamba. Kodi inali ya mwana m'modzi, mapasa kapena atatu?
English: Think back to your next pregnancy. Was that a single pregnancy, twins, or triplets? 
Chichewa: Kumbukilani za mimba yanu yotsatira. Kodi inali ya mwana m'modzi, mapasa kapena atatu?
English: Was the baby born alive, born dead, or did you have a miscarriage or abortion?
Chichewa: Kodi mwana anabadwa wamoyo, anabadwa atamwalira, munapititsa padera kapena mimba inachotsedwa?
English: Was the first baby in this pregnancy born alive or born dead?
Chichewa: Kodi mwana oyamba wa mimba imeneyi, anabadwa wamoyo kapena atamwalira?
English: Was the next baby in this pregnancy born alive or born dead?
Chichewa: Kodi mwana otsatira pa mimba imeneyi, anabadwa wamoyo kapena atamwalira?
English: Did the baby cry, move, or breathe?
Chichewa: Kodi mwanayo analira, kutakataka kapena kupuma?
English: What name was given to the baby?
Chichewa: Kodi mwana ameneyu anapatsidwa dzina lanji?
English: Is Chikondi a boy or a girl?
Chichewa: Kodi Chikondi ndi wamwamuna kapena wamkazi?
English: On what day, month, and year was Chikondi born?
Chichewa: Kodi Chikondi anabadwa tsiku, mwezi komanso chaka chanji?
English: On what day, month, and year did this pregnancy end?
Chichewa: Kodi mimba imeneyi inachoka tsiku, mwezi komanso chaka chanji?
English: How long did this pregnancy last in weeks or months?
Chichewa: Kodi mimba imeneyi inakhala masabata kapena miyezi ingati?
English: Were there any other pregnancies before this pregnancy?
Chichewa: Musanatenge mimba imeneyi, kodi panalinso mimba zina?