dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: Anaemia during pregnancy may be aggravated by malaria, hookworm infection, and schistosomiasis. Death from anaemia results from heart failure, shock, and infection due to lowered resistance
Chichewa: Kuperewera kwa magazi m’thupi panthaŵi yapakati kungakulitsidwe ndi malungo, matenda a nyongolotsi, ndi likodzo. Imfa ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi imabwera chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima, kudzidzira kwa thupi ndi matenda chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zophelera matenda mthupi
English: Effective prevention depends ultimately on lifelong nutrition of girls and women, and thus on agricultural and economic factors and food distribution patterns within communities and families. It can, however, be detected and treated simply and effectively during pregnancy
Chichewa: Kupewa kogwira mtima kumadalira makamaka pa zakudya za moyo wa atsikana ndi amayi, ndipo motero pazaulimi ndi zachuma komanso njira zogawira chakudya m'madera ndi mabanja. Komabe, zitha kuzindikirika ndikuthandizidwa mosavuta komanso moyenera pa nthawi yapakati
English: Though the use of routine iron and folate supplementation in pregnancy has been abandoned in industrial countries where anaemia and subclinical deficiency are rare, this approach almost certainly has a place in areas where they are common; acceptable doses of inexpensive oral supplements can prevent anaemia from developing or treat mild to moderate disease
Chichewa: Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachitsulo chokhazikika ndi folate supplementation pa mimba kwasiyidwa m'mayiko ogulitsa mafakitale kumene kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kuchepa kwa subclinical kumakhala kosowa, njira iyi pafupifupi imakhala ndi malo m'madera omwe amapezeka; Mlingo wovomerezeka wamankhwala amkamwa otsika mtengo ungalepheretse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kuchiza matenda ocheperako
English: Supplements may, however, produce unpleasant side effects, such as nausea and constipation, and compliance may be poor, especially in the absence of symptoms of anaemia, or where symptoms are accepted as normal in pregnancy
Chichewa: Zowonjezera, komabe, zimatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa, monga nseru ndi kudzimbidwa, ndipo kutsata kungakhale koyipa, makamaka ngati palibe zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kapena pamene zizindikiro zimavomerezedwa ngati zachilendo
English: Iron can be given intra-muscularly or intravenously to ensure compliance and avoid gastro-intestinal side effects, but haemoglobin does not rise any more rapidly through this form of administration than through adequate oral therapy
Chichewa: Iron imatha kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena kudzera m'mitsempha kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikutsatira ndikupewa zotsatira zoyipa za m'mimba, koma hemoglobini sikukwera mofulumira kudzera m'njira imeneyi kusiyana ndi kumwa mankhwala okwanira m'kamwa
English: Blood transfusion as a treatment for anaemia is discouraged because of the serious dangers of blood borne infection of, notably, HIV, malaria, syphilis, and hepatitis B
Chichewa: Kuthiridwa mwazi monga chithandizo cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumalepheretsedwa chifukwa cha kuopsa koopsa kwa matenda opatsirana m'magazi, makamaka, HIV, malungo, chindoko, ndi chiwindi B
English: Pregnant women are sexually active and at risk of sexually transmitted disease, including HIV/AIDS. In prenatal care, screening and treatment for syphilis is routine and is a cost-effective intervention
Chichewa: Amayi oyembekezera amakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana, kuphatikiza HIV/AIDS. Pokalandira chisamaliro cha mayi wapathupi,  kupima komanso kuchiza chindoko ndi zimachitika nthawi zonse ndipo ndipo ndi thandizo losaononga ndalama
English: Many studies in developing countries have demonstrated high prevalence levels of both syphilis and gonorrhoea in pregnant women, leading to considerable long-term morbidity in women, and to congenital disease and prenatal mortality
Chichewa: Kafukufuku wambiri m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene awonetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a chindoko ndi chinzonono mwa amayi apakati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti amayi azitha kudwala kwakanthawi, komanso kudwala matenda obadwa nawo komanso kufa kwa ana asanabadwe
English: Researchers estimate that of those women, who are currently pregnant, 10 to 15 percent have syphilis and two-thirds of all these pregnancies have an adverse outcome
Chichewa: Ofufuza akuyerekeza kuti mwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati pakali pano, ma peresent khumi kulekezera khumi ndiasanui ali ndi chindoko ndipo magawo awiri mwa atatu mwa oyembekezera onsewa amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa
English: Reliable screening tests exist for both syphilis and gonorrhoea, as do safe, effective treatments. Screening can be conducted in the clinic while women are attending and treatment started immediately
Chichewa: Kuyezetsa kodalirika kulipo kwa chindoko ndi chinzonono, monganso mankhwala otetezeka, ogwira mtima. Kuyezetsa magazi kutha kuchitidwa ku chipatala amayi akupezeka ndipo chithandizo chinayambika nthawi yomweyo
English: Unfortunately, screening and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases are not often regarded as core components of prenatal care and may only be available in special clinics. Despite the serious logistic obstacles, effective screening, treatment and contact tracing programs for all pregnant women is rewarding
Chichewa: Tsoka ilo, kuyezetsa ndi kuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana sikumawonedwa ngati chigawo chachikulu cha chisamaliro cha usana ndipo chikhoza kupezeka muzipatala zapadera. Ngakhale pali zopinga zazikulu, kuwunika kogwira mtima, chithandizo ndi kutsata omwe ali ndi pakati kumapindulitsa
English: Women are at higher risk of AIDS because the two predominant modes of transmission of HIV infection are sexual and prenatal
Chichewa: Amayi ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga Edzi chifukwa njira ziwiri zomwe zimafala kwambiri zimapatsira kachilombo ka HIV ndi kugonana ndi usana.
English: Trained Traditional Birth Attendants (TTBAs) are important and helpful in advising and referring during pregnancy and delivery. Because TTBA’s can easily identify problems such as young primigravida, previous pregnancy problems;
Chichewa: Azamba ophunzitsidwa ntchito yawo ndiofunika ndikuthandiza polengeza ndikulemba pa nthawi yapakati komanso kubereka. Chifukwa TTBA ikutha kumvetsetsa zovuta monga achinyamata achichepere, mavuto am'mbuyomu;
English: Short stature (depending on local norms of risk); bleeding before or during labour; pre mature rupture of membrane
Chichewa: Kutalika kochepa (malingana ndi ziwopsezo zakumaloko); magazi asanayambe kapena panthawi yobereka; kusweka kwa membrane
English: TBAS - assist 60% -80% deliveries throughout the world are called by different
Chichewa: Kutalika kochepa (malingana ndi ziwopsezo zakumaloko); magazi asanayambe kapena panthawi yobereka; kusweka kwa membrane
English: One of the primary aims of trained birth attendant training programs throughout the developing world is to promote clean delivery in the home through deduction and provision of basic supplies such as: sterile razor blades and washable plastic sheets. It is, however, difficult to ensure cleanliness in all deliveries, particularly where access to clean water is limited
Chichewa: Chimodzi mwa zolinga zazikulu za maphunziro a olera ophunzitsidwa bwino m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene ndi kulimbikitsa kubereka kwaukhondo m'nyumba mwa kuchepetsa ndi kupereka zinthu zofunika monga: malezala osabala ndi mapepala apulasitiki othyoka. Komabe, ndizovuta kuonetsetsa ukhondo m'madera onse otumizira, makamaka kumene mwayi wopeza madzi aukhondo uli wochepa
English: The most elementary knowledge in delivery care is clean hands; clean delivery service; clean cutting of the cord
Chichewa: Chidziwitso choyambirira cha chisamaliro chobereka ndi manja oyera; utumiki wopereka ukhondo; kudula kwa chingwe
English: Placing the baby at the mother’s breast even before umbilical cord is cut. One of the primary aims of trained birth attendant training programs throughout the developing world is to promote clean delivery in the home through deduction and provision of basic supplies such as sterile razor blades and washable plastic sheets. It is, however, difficult to ensure cleanliness in all deliveries, particularly where access to clean water is limited
Chichewa: Kuyika mwana pachifuwa cha amayi ngakhale pamaso pa chingwe cholumikizira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pophunzitsa mtumiki wophunzitsidwa za ku Frage Padziko lonse lapansi ndikulimbikitsa kutumiza koyenera m'nyumba chifukwa cha kuchotsera ndi kupereka zinthu zosatsutsika monga masamba osatsutsika. Komabe, nkovuta kuwonetsetsa kuti mukufalikira konse, makamaka kumene kupeza madzi oyera kumakhala kochepa
English: Educating trained birth attendants, women, their families, and community health workers to recognize the early signs of delivery problems including sepsis is a very important activity to save the life of the mother and the new born
Chichewa: Kuphunzitsa oyamwitsa ophunzitsidwa bwino, amayi, mabanja awo, ndi azaumoyo ammudzi kuti azindikire zizindikiro zoyamba za vuto lobereka kuphatikizapo sepsis ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yopulumutsa moyo wa mayi ndi wakhanda
English: In developed countries, deaths under age the age of five constitute only a very small proportion of all deaths, while in many developing countries deaths of young children constitute a large share of total deaths
Chichewa: M’maiko otukuka kumene, imfa za ana aang’ono osakwanitsa zaka zisanu zimapanga chiŵerengero chochepa kwambiri cha imfa zonse, pamene kuli kwakuti m’maiko otukuka kumene imfa za ana aang’ono zimapanga chiŵerengero chachikulu cha imfa zonse
English: About 40% of all deaths in developing countries are deaths of children under age 5 and nearly 30% of all deaths in the world are deaths of young children in developing countries
Chichewa: Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya imfa zonse m’maiko otukuka kumene ndi imfa za ana osapitirira zaka 5 ndipo pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya imfa zonse padziko lapansi ndi imfa za ana achichepere m’maiko osatukuka
English: The difference in deaths of young children in developed and developing countries shows that the majority of causes are preventable. Accordingly, the major causes of death are infectious, parasitic, respiratory and diarrhoeal diseases which are easily preventable in the developed world
Chichewa: Kusiyana kwa imfa za ana aang’ono m’maiko otukuka ndi otukuka kumene kumasonyeza kuti zoyambitsa zambiri n’zopeŵeka. Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ndi matenda opatsirana, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupuma ndi kutsekula m'mimba zomwe zimapeŵeka mosavuta m'mayiko otukuka
English: For example, deaths from many of the most common childhood diseases are preventable through immunisation. Research in many contrives has consistently indicated a strong inverse relationship between female education and child mortality
Chichewa: Mwachitsanzo, imfa za matenda ofala kwambiri aubwana zimapeŵeka polandira katemera. Kafukufuku m'mabungwe ambiri awonetsa kuti pali mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa maphunziro a amayi ndi imfa ya ana
English: Diarrheal diseases are serious illnesses, widespread in developing countries. In virtually all developing countries diarrhea! diseases are among the five leading causes of death in children under five and, in many countries the leading cause of death in children
Chichewa: Matenda otsekula m'mimba ndi matenda oopsa, ofala m'mayiko osauka. Pafupifupi mayiko onse otukuka kumene akutsekula m'mimba! Matenda ali m'gulu la zinthu zisanu zomwe zimapha ana azaka zosachepera zisanu ndipo m'mayiko ambiri ndi amene amapha ana ambiri
English: Diarrhoea is defined is the passage of three or more loose or watery stools in 24 hours. Diarrhoea which lasts for more than 14 days is called persistent diarrhoea
Chichewa: Kutsekula m'mimba kumatanthauzidwa kuti ndi kutuluka kwa chimbudzi chamadzi katatu kapena kuposerapo m'maola makumi awiri ndi anayi. Kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumatenga masiku opitilira khumi nidanayi kumatchedwa kutsekula m'mimba kosalekeza
English: Diarrhoea is most common in children, especially those between 6 months and 2 years of age. It is also common in infants under 6 months who are drinking cow's milk or infant feeding formulas. In addition to bringing death, diarrhea is also a significant contributor to malnourishment in those children who survive
Chichewa: Kutsekula m'mimba kumafala kwambiri kwa ana, makamaka omwe ali pakati pa miyezi isanu ndiumodzi ndi zaka ziwiri. Amakhalanso ofala kwa makanda osapitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi omwe amamwa mkaka wa ng'ombe kapena njira zoyamwitsa makanda. Kuwonjezera pa kubweretsa imfa, kutsekula m’mimba kumathandizanso kwambiri kuti ana amene apulumuka apulumuke.
English: Diarrhea acts through increased malabsorption, reduced food intake caused by loss of appetite and food withdrawal, and fever to deprive children of needed nourishment
Chichewa: Kutsekula m'mimba kumachitika chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa malabsorption, kuchepa kwa chakudya komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakusowa chidwi komanso kusiya kudya, komanso kutentha thupi komwe kumalepheretsa ana kudya
English: Diarrhoea is worse and more common in children with undernutrition. Malnutrition is an important element of diarrhea. Many children in developing countries are malnourished
Chichewa: Kutsekula m'mimba kumakula kwambiri ndipo kumakhala kofala kwambiri mwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto loperewera zakudya m'thupi. Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakutsegula m'mimba. Ana ambiri m’mayiko osauka alibe chakudya chokwanira
English: Frequent episodes of diarrhea contribute to malnutrition because appetite diminishes, feeding is interrupted, and absorption of nutrients is reduced. Malnourished children then become more vulnerable to infections, creating the potential for a vicious cycle of malnutrition and infection
Chichewa: Kutsekula m'mimba pafupipafupi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi chifukwa chilakolako chimachepa, kudya kumasokonekera, komanso kuyamwa kwa michere kumachepa. Ana osoŵa zakudya m'thupi ndiye kuti amakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso matenda
English: Malnutrition is a contributing cause in approximately one-third of all child deaths. In developing countries, 12% of children under age 5 suffer from acute malnutrition and that almost 40% suffer from chronic malnutrition
Chichewa: Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndizomwe zimayambitsa pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a imfa za ana onse. M’mayiko osauka, ana khumi ndiawiri pa zana alionse osakwanitsa zaka asanu amadwala matenda opereŵera m’thupi ndipo pafupifupi ma peresenti makumi anayi amadwala matenda opereŵera m’thupi
English: Other factors that contribute to death due to diarrhoea include: short birth interval, acute respiratory tract infections (ARI), measles, and malaria etc
Chichewa: Zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa kufa chifukwa cha matenda otsekula m'mimba ndi izi: kubadwa kwakanthawi kochepa, matenda owopsa amtundu wa kupuma (ARI), chikuku ndi malungo etc
English: Unsanitary birth procedures and a mother's unclean hands or breasts represent potential sources of contamination to the newborn Infant but these are slight compared to those encountered as the child grows and begins to drink water and eat weaning foods
Chichewa: Njira zoberekera mwauve komanso manja odetsedwa a mayi kapena mabere amaimira zinthu zomwe zingatengere matenda kwa mwana wakhanda koma izi ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika mwana akamakula ndikuyamba kumwa madzi ndi kudya zakudya zoyamwitsa
English: The primary source of bacterial contamination is human feces. The agents may be transmitted to the child in a variety of ways including direct contact with feces through another person's dirty hands, direct contact through the child crawling on unclean surfaces;
Chichewa: Gwero lalikulu la kuipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi ndowe za anthu. Mankhwalawa amatha kufalikira kwa mwanayo m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi ndowe kudzera m'manja akuda a munthu wina, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi mwanayo akukwawa pamalo odetsedwa;
English: Indirectly through contaminated water which is then transmitted to the child through drinking water, bottle formula, or weaning foods, or indirectly through hand transmission during preparation of weaning foods
Chichewa: Kudzera m'madzi oipitsidwa omwe kenako amapatsira mwana kudzera m'madzi akumwa, mkaka wa m'botolo, kapena zakudya zoyamwitsa kuyamwa, kapena kudzera m'mapatsirana pamanja pokonza zakudya zoyamwitsa
English: Perhaps the most prolific source of infection is weaning foods. If the child does not recover, prolonged or severe diarrhea will usually lead to dehydration, which is the main cause of death due to diarrhea
Chichewa: Mwinamwake gwero lofala kwambiri la matenda ndilo zakudya zosiya kuyamwa. Mwanayo akapanda kuchira, kutsekula m’mimba kwa nthawi yaitali kapena koopsa nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutaya madzi m’thupi, zomwe n’zimene zimapha chifukwa cha kutsekula m’mimba
English: Mortality caused by dehydration from diarrhoea is the largest single contributor to the mortality of young children Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) can treat 85 to 95 percent of cases of dehydration from watery diarrhea in all age groups Oral rehydration therapy does not cure diarrhea, but prevents dehydration, which leads to death. ORT largely replaces intravenous therapy, which requires trained personnel, sterile fluids, and expensive equipment
Chichewa: Imfa zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kutaya madzi m'thupi chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa ana ang'onoang'ono Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) imatha kuchiza ma peresenti makumi asanu ndiatsatu mpakana makumo asanu ndianayi kudzanso asanu ya anthu omwe amataya madzi m'thupi chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba m'magulu onse. kuchepa madzi m'thupi, zomwe zimatsogolera ku imfa. ORT nthawi zambiri imalowa m'malo mwa mtsempha, womwe umafunika anthu ophunzitsidwa bwino, madzi osabala, ndi zida zokwera mtengo
English: ORT is simpler to administer, and much less expensive. This makes it less dependent upon highly trained health workers and fixed facilities, and compensates more quickly for nutritional loss due to diarrhea
Chichewa: ORT ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso yotsika mtengo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti asadalire ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino komanso malo okhazikika, ndikubwezera msanga zakudya zomwe zatayika chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba
English: Disease some of the factors that need emphasis in prevention of diarrhea are: adequate feeding during and after diarrhea. Episodes, including breast milk, diluted formula, and regular foods given to children
Chichewa: Matenda Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zikufunika kutsindika popewa kutsekula m'mimba ndi izi: kudyetsa mokwanira panthawi yotsekula m'mimba komanso pambuyo pake. Ndime, kuphatikizapo mkaka wa m'mawere, mkaka wosungunuka, ndi zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa ana
English: To demonstrate and encourage parents to prepare and give home-made fluids; support of breastfeeding for its immunological properties and because it reduces the risk of exposure to contaminated substances
Chichewa: Kuwonetsa ndi kulimbikitsa makolo kukonzekera ndi kupereka madzi opangidwa kunyumba; kuthandizira kuyamwitsa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zoteteza thupi komanso chifukwa kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi zinthu zowonongeka
English: Improved weaning practices; clean water (though not completely safe or available); proper food storage and clean feeding utensils; proper sanitation in and around the house including children’s crawling and play grounds and proper disposal of the stools of infants and young children and use of latrines;
Chichewa: Kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe oletsa kuyamwa; madzi oyera (ngakhale kuti sali otetezeka kwathunthu kapena opezeka); kusungirako chakudya choyenera ndi ziwiya zodyeramo zoyera; ukhondo mkati ndi mozungulira nyumbayo kuphatikizapo malo okwawira ana ndi osewerera komanso kutaya zimbudzi za ana akhanda ndi ana ang'onoang'ono ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi
English: Personal hygiene including mothers’ practice of washing hands before breast-feeding after return from toilets. Immunization such as against measles. Health education programs which build upon an understanding of traditional practices and beliefs to promote positive changes with mothers, health personnel, and community leaders
Chichewa: Ukhondo wamunthu kuphatikizapo mchitidwe wa amayi kusamba m'manja asanayamwitse akabwerako ku chimbudzi. Katemera monga chikuku. Maphunziro a zaumoyo omwe amalimbikitsa kumvetsetsa miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro zolimbikitsa kusintha kwabwino ndi amayi, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, ndi atsogoleri ammudzi
English: Malaria is a major cause of illness and death in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although persons of all ages can get malaria, two groups are at high risk: children under five years of age and pregnant women
Chichewa: Malungo ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda komanso imfa ku sub-Saharan Africa. Ngakhale kuti anthu amisinkhu yonse amatha kudwala malungo, magulu awiri ali pachiopsezo chachikulu: ana osapitirira zaka zisanu ndi amayi apakati
English: To reduce the effects of malaria on these high-risk groups, certain types of treatment are necessary. For pregnant women it is important to provide prophylactic treatment with drugs such as chloroquine in order to prevent the risk of abortion of the fetus or low birth weight of the neonate
Chichewa: Pofuna kuchepetsa zotsatira za malungo pamagulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, mitundu ina yamankhwala ndiyofunikira. Kwa amayi apakati ndikofunikira kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala ndi mankhwala monga chloroquine kuti apewe chiopsezo chochotsa mimba kapena kubadwa kwa mwana wochepa
English: In areas where malaria is endemic, it is recommended that "presuptive" treatment be given to young children, that is, to treat all young children with drugs when it appears that the fever is due to malaria and that the child will respond to treatment with chloroquine (or other appropriate medications in the case of chloroquine-resistant areas)
Chichewa: M’madera amene malungo ali ponseponse, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ana aang’ono aperekedwe mankhwala ‘odziyerekezera’, kutanthauza kuti apatse ana aang’ono onse mankhwala ngati zikuoneka kuti malungowo abwera chifukwa cha malungo komanso kuti mwanayo alandire chithandizo. chloroquine (kapena mankhwala ena oyenera m'malo osamva chloroquine)
English: Promotion and protection of breastfeeding is a fundamental aspect of preventing vitamin A deficiency. Breast milk is virtually the only source of vitamin A the first few months for many infants and often continues to be one of the most important sources through age two
Chichewa: Kulimbikitsa ndi kuteteza kuyamwitsa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popewa kuchepa kwa vitamini A. Mkaka wa m'mawere ndi pafupifupi gwero lokhalo la vitamini A m'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira kwa makanda ambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhalabe amodzi mwamagwero ofunikira mpaka zaka ziwiri
English: Without breast milk, newborns can maintain optimal vitamin A for no more than a few weeks. Although vitamin A concentration in human milk are dependent on the mother s vitamin A status, vitamin deficiency is rare among breastfed infants, even in parts of the world where vitamin A deficiency is endemic
Chichewa: Popanda mkaka wa m'mawere, makanda amatha kukhala ndi vitamini A wokwanira kwa milungu ingapo. Ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa vitamini A mu mkaka wa munthu kumadalira mmene mayi alili ndi vitamini A, kuchepa kwa vitamini A n’kosowa kwambiri kwa makanda oyamwitsa, ngakhale m’madera ena a dziko kumene kusowa kwa vitamini A kuli kofala
English: Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for 4 - 6 months and continued breastfeeding with complementary foods thereafter should form part of any dietary intervention to improve vitamin A status.
Chichewa: Kulimbikitsa kuyamwitsa mkaka wa m'mawere kwa miyezi inayi kulekezera isanu ndiumodzi ndikupitiriza kuyamwitsa ndi zakudya zowonjezera pambuyo pake kuyenera kukhala gawo lazakudya zilizonse kuti thupi likhale ndi vitamini A.
English: In both developed and developing countries children should be placed at the centre stage in all development thinking and implementation
Chichewa: M’maiko otukuka ndi omwe akutukuka kumene ana ayenera kukhala patsogolo pa kaganizidwe ndi kakulidwe kake
English: Because care for children is related with: future investments as children are the future of the nation; Strong belief as ours and others culture give high value for having children; Future health because national productivity depends on today’s children
Chichewa: Chifukwa chisamaliro cha ana chimakhudzana ndi: ndalama zamtsogolo monga ana ndizo tsogolo la dziko; Chikhulupiriro cholimba monga chikhalidwe chathu ndi ena chimapereka phindu lalikulu lokhala ndi ana; Tsogolo labwino chifukwa zokolola za dziko zimadalira ana amasiku ano
English: One of the most neglected services which is often forgotten is screening. It is a very important activity which has to be carried out every day in all institutions delivering child health services
Chichewa: Chimodzi mwazinthu zosasamalidwa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayiwalika ndikuwunika. Ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe ikuyenera kuchitika tsiku lililonse m'mabungwe onse opereka chithandizo chaumoyo wa ana
English: There is an immense benefit for children, as well as to their mothers, by the brief assessment (history and physical examination) at every visit to the clinic
Chichewa: Pali phindu lalikulu kwa ana, komanso kwa amayi awo, mwa kuunika mwachidule (mbiri ndi kuyezetsa thupi) paulendo uliwonse wopita kuchipatala
English: Screening is an important tool to avoid “missed opportunities. The need for vaccination, growth monitoring as well as mothers’ need in terms of antenatal care, family planning etc. can be easily identified
Chichewa: Kuwunika ndi chida chofunikira kuti mupewe 'mwayi wophonya. Kufunika kwa katemera, kuwunika kakulidwe komanso zosowa za amayi pankhani ya chisamaliro cha oyembekezera, kulera ndi zina, zitha kudziwika mosavuta
English: Immunisation is the process of protecting a person from a specific disease. It is protection of a susceptible host from a specific disease by administration of a living modified agent; a suspension of killed organism; an attenuated toxin
Chichewa: Katemera ndi njira yotetezera munthu ku matenda enaake. Ndi chitetezo cha munthu amene atengeka ku matenda enaake popereka chithandizo chamoyo; kuyimitsidwa kwa chamoyo chophedwa; toxin yochepetsedwa
English: Immunisation decreases susceptibility by producing antibodies or sensitised cells to fight the agent and its product
Chichewa: Katemera amachepetsa kutengeka popanga ma antibodies kapena maselo odziwitsidwa kuti amenyane ndi wothandizira ndi mankhwala ake
English: Herd immunity indicate that large proportion of people in a certain community are immune. The implication is when there are few susceptibles the natural infection cannot keep going in the community and incidence goes down to a low leve
Chichewa: Kusatetezedwa kwa ng'ombe kumasonyeza kuti anthu ambiri m'dera linalake satetezedwa. Tanthauzo lake ndi pamene pali zochepa zomwe zingayambitse matenda achilengedwe sangathe kupitirizabe m'deralo ndipo zochitika zimatsikira pansi
English: Immunisation to be effective in controlling communicable disease 75% of the population and 75% of new-borns have to be vaccinated. Discontinuing vaccination programs have serious risk of causing an epidemic
Chichewa: atemera kuti athe kuthana ndi matenda opatsirana maperesenti makumi asanu ndiawiri kudzanso asanu ya anthu ndi maperesenti akumi asanu ndiawiri kudzanso asanu ya ana obadwa kumene akuyenera kulandira katemera. Kusiya katemera ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu choyambitsa mliri
English: Maintaining cold chain is one of the very few important activities that should be conducted, without any exception, by all concerned in the manufacturing of vaccines and delivery of immunization services
Chichewa: Kusunga unyolo wozizira ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa, popanda kusiyanitsa, ndi onse okhudzidwa popanga katemera ndi kupereka chithandizo cha katemera
English: Cold chain is the equipment and people that ensure vaccine potency by keeping vaccine cold all the way from the manufacturer to the child/mother or the consumer
Chichewa: Cold chain ndi zida ndi anthu omwe amawonetsetsa kuti katemera ali ndi mphamvu posunga katemera kuzizira kuyambira kwa wopanga kupita kwa mwana/mayi kapena ogula
English: The important and guiding concept behind cold chain is once vaccine potency is lost it cannot be regained
Chichewa: Lingaliro lofunikira komanso lotsogola kumbuyo kwa unyolo wozizira ndikuti mphamvu ya katemera ikatha ikatha, sangabwezedwe
English: Using a vaccine that has lost potency is considered to cheat the mother and to leave the infant unprotected and exposed for diseases and disability and possibly to death
Chichewa: Kugwiritsa ntchito katemera amene watha mphamvu amaonedwa ngati kubera mayi komanso kusiya khanda lopanda chitetezo komanso lopanda chitetezo ku matenda ndi kulumala mwinanso kufa
English: Growth is a continuous process from conception to physical maturity. There is always normal growth whenever nutrition and environment are good for Age
Chichewa: Kukula ndi njira yopitilira kuyambira pa kutenga pakati mpaka kukhwima mwakuthupi. Pamakhala kukula kwabwinobwino nthawi zonse zakudya ndi chilengedwe zikakhala zabwino kwa Zaka
English: When these conditions are satisfied growth rate is the same for well nourished & healthy. Always to follow and know that growth is satisfactory should be given a priority rather than only try to prevent malnutrition. When children are growing they become taller, fatter, heavier, grow out of their clothes"
Chichewa: Pamene zofunikura izi zakwaniritsidwa kukula kwake ndi chimodzimodzi kwa odyetsedwa bwino ndi athanzi. Kutsatira nthawi zonse ndikudziwa kuti kukula ndikokhutiritsa kuyenera kuyikidwa patsogolo m'malo mongoyesa kupewa kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ana akamakula amakhala aatali, onenepa, onenepa kwambiri, amatuluka zovala zawo
English: The first 5 years are a crucial period in the development of a child. Brain development is almost wholly completed by age 2 and malnutrition peaks at around 24 months of age
Chichewa: Zaka zisanu zoyambirira ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa mwana. Kukula kwaubongo kumakhala kotheratu pofika zaka ziwiri ndipo kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumafika pachimake pakatha miyezi makumi awiri kudzanso inayi
English: This implies the need for early interventions of health, nutrition, cognitive stimulation, and socialization programs etc.
Chichewa: Izi zikutanthawuza kufunikira kochitapo kanthu koyambirira kwaumoyo, zakudya, zolimbikitsa zamaganizo, ndi mapulogalamu ochezera anthu ndi zina.
English: We have to measure their length to know how tall and thickness to know how fat they are. As growth is an increase in size and weight one has to measure their weight and to be certain measure has to be taken regularly
Chichewa: Tiyenera kuyeza kutalika kwake kuti tidziwe kutalika kwake ndi makulidwe ake kuti tidziwe momwe alili onenepa. Popeza kukula ndikuwonjezeka kwa kukula ndi kulemera kwake munthu amayenera kuyeza kulemera kwake ndipo kuti atsimikizidwe kuti muyeso uyenera kutengedwa pafupipafupi
English: Preschool Education Program’s major purpose is to improve young children's capacity to develop and learn. The programme can focus on improving parents' teaching and child care skills, delivering services directly to the children
Chichewa: Cholinga chachikulu cha Pulogalamu ya Maphunziro a Ana aang'ono ndi kupititsa patsogolo luso la ana aang'ono kuti akule ndi kuphunzira. Pulogalamuyi ikhonza kukulitsa luso la kaphunzitsidwe ndi kasamalidwe ka makolo, kupereka chithandizo kwa ana
English: Improving the child care services available in the community; the most effective programs combine basic nutrition and health care services with activities designed to stimulate the children's mental, language, physical, and psychosocial skills which are mutually reinforcing
Chichewa: Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zosamalira ana zomwe zikupezeka mdera; mapulogalamu ogwira mtima kwambiri amaphatikiza zakudya zoyambira ndi chithandizo chaumoyo ndi ntchito zolimbikitsa ana kuti azitha kukulitsa luso lawo lamalingaliro, chilankhulo, thupi, ndi malingaliro omwe amathandizirana
English: Many studies and programmes have shown that enhancing the experience of children particularly disadvantaged children from their youngest years significantly improves their potential for growth and development throughout life
Chichewa: Kafukufuku ndi mapulogalamu ambiri awonetsa kuti kukulitsa luso la ana ovutika kuyambira ali aang'ono kumathandizira kwambiri kukula kwawo ndi chitukuko m'moyo wonse
English: School children, mostly, in the developing world, are one of the population groups who constitute the largest segment in population. By virtue of their number, children are entitled to a major share of the community health services
Chichewa: Ana asukulu, makamaka, m’maiko otukuka kumene, ali m’gulu la magulu a anthu amene amapanga gawo lalikulu la chiŵerengero cha anthu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo, ana ali ndi ufulu wopeza gawo lalikulu lazaumoyo m'madera
English: During this period, there are rapid physical, mental and emotional changes; hence there is a great need for health supervision and guidelines
Chichewa: Panthawi imeneyi, pali kusintha mofulumira kwa thupi, maganizo ndi maganizo; chifukwa chake pakufunika kuyang'anira bwino zaumoyo ndi zitsogozo
English: The school going child experiences group living outside the home, learns to adjust in the community and is exposed to hazards of infection in a mixed community
Chichewa: Gulu la ana opita kusukulu amakumana kunja kwa nyumba, amaphunzira kuzolowera m'deralo ndipo amakumana ndi zoopsa za matenda m'magulu osiyanasiyana
English: School children constitute a large segment of population in any country. Well-defined target group at one place, with the help of teachers so that their health status, growth and development can be monitored easily
Chichewa: Ana asukulu amapanga gawo lalikulu la anthu m'dziko lililonse. Gulu lodziwika bwino lomwe lili pamalo amodzi, mothandizidwa ndi aphunzitsi kuti thanzi lawo, kukula kwawo ndi chitukuko chawo ziwonedwe mosavuta
English: Children learn healthy habits in school based on the health education received at school from teacher and other health professionals and thus spread the message of healthy living in the community where they live and grow
Chichewa: Ana amaphunzira makhalidwe abwino kusukulu potengera maphunziro a zaumoyo omwe amalandira kusukulu kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo ndipo motero amafalitsa uthenga wamoyo wathanzi m’dera limene amakhala ndikukula
English: A child who is not well cannot derive the full advantage of the education imparted at school. Early detection of defects in growth and development, vision, hearing, speech, and behavioural problems; correction will help the child to overcome the handicap and thus contribute better to the community where he lives
Chichewa: Mwana amene sali bwino sangapindule mokwanira ndi maphunziro operekedwa kusukulu. Kuzindikira msanga zolakwika za kukula ndi chitukuko, masomphenya, kumva, kulankhula, ndi mavuto a khalidwe; kudzudzulidwa kudzathandiza mwanayo kuthetsa chilemacho ndipo motero amathandizira bwino dera lomwe akukhala
English: Ensure achievement of children's potential to the fullest possible extent for effective physical, mental, intellectual, emotional and social living as adults
Chichewa: Kuwonetsetsa kuti ana akwanitsa kukwanilitsa momwe angathere kuti akhale ndi moyo wathanzi, m'maganizo, mwanzeru, m'malingaliro ndi m'magulu akamakula
English: Enable children to achieve highest possible performance. Prepare children for smooth transition from childhood to adulthood with minimal health risk encountered through adolescence. Promote community health through parent-teacher-pupil interaction.
Chichewa: Thandizani ana kuti azitha kuchita bwino kwambiri. Konzekerani ana kuti asinthe kuchoka paubwana kupita ku ukalamba ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha thanzi chomwe amakumana nacho akamakula. Limbikitsani umoyo wa anthu ammudzi kudzera mu kucheza kwa makolo ndi aphunzitsi ndi ana.
English: Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood in which the body develops in size, strength, and reproductive capability. It is a period with abstract thinking and social relationships more from family base to a wider society
Chichewa: Unyamata ndi nthawi ya kusintha pakati pa ubwana ndi uchikulire momwe thupi limakula kukula, mphamvu, ndi kubereka. Ndi nthawi yokhala ndi malingaliro osamveka komanso maubwenzi ambiri kuyambira pamabanja kupita kumagulu ambiri
English: Adolescents need Psychosocial support and material support; need opportunity and independent experiment and achievement. But the problem is to balance between support and opportunity
Chichewa: Achinyamata amafunikira thandizo la Psychosocial ndi chithandizo chakuthupi; amafunikira mwayi ndi kuyesa kodziyimira pawokha komanso kuchita bwino. Koma vuto ndikulinganiza pakati pa chithandizo ndi mwayi
English: Adolescent Health care is a paradox. Why? Because this group is the healthiest group in every society and on the other hand it is highly suffering from problems related to behaviour
Chichewa: Chisamaliro cha Adolescent Health ndi chododometsa. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa gululi ndilo gulu lathanzi m'madera onse ndipo kumbali ina likuvutika kwambiri ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi khalidwe
English: There is an increasing interest in adolescent health care? Why Shift of attention from infectious cause to behavioural cause-relevance to adolescents
Chichewa: Kodi pali chidwi chowonjezeka pazaumoyo wa achinyamata? Chifukwa chiyani kusuntha kwa chidwi kuchokera pazifukwa zopatsirana kupita kumayendedwe -zofunikira kwa achinyamata
English: Changes in socio-cultural and demographic characteristics such as urbanisation, decreasing influence of extended family resulting in decreased traditional support and control system
Chichewa: Kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu monga kukula kwa mizinda, kuchepa kwa chikoka cha mabanja okulirapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi njira zowongolera
English: Ease of social and sexual constraints and exposure to unhealthy situations and substances. Size of adolescents population; Lengthening of adolescent period – wide range between individual’s age of puberty and marriage
Chichewa: Kumasuka kwa zopinga za chikhalidwe ndi kugonana komanso kukhudzana ndi zinthu zopanda thanzi komanso zinthu. Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha achinyamata; Kutalikitsa nthawi yaunyamata - zaka zambiri zakutha msinkhu ndi ukwati
English: Health problems of adolescents are related with problems during infancy and childhood and adolescence such as nutritional problems, physical stress, and pregnancy
Chichewa: Mavuto a thanzi la achinyamata amakhudzana ndi mavuto ali akhanda ndi ubwana komanso unyamata monga mavuto a zakudya, kupsinjika maganizo, ndi mimba
English: For example, nutrition need increases during adolescence and adolescent girls need more after they have started to have mensuration
Chichewa: Mwachitsanzo, kusowa kwa zakudya kumawonjezeka paunyamata ndipo atsikana amafunikira zambiri akayamba kusamba
English: Health problems of adolescents is highly related with behavior which is voluntary. The major problems include: unwanted pregnancy, illicit abortion Adolescent pregnancy is one of the major causes of maternal mortality
Chichewa: Mavuto azaumoyo a achinyamata amakhudzana kwambiri ndi machitidwe omwe amangodzifunira. Mavuto akuluakulu ndi monga: mimba yosafunidwa, kuchotsa mimba molakwika Mimba yaunyamata ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa imfa za amayi
English: Sexually transmitted diseases, and AIDS; drug and alcohol abuse; risk of accidents; risk taking behaviour (adventure); these behavioural problems expose adolescents to illness in later life, poor performance at school, suicide, sexual precocity
Chichewa: Matenda opatsirana pogonana, ndi AIDS; kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa; chiopsezo cha ngozi; khalidwe lotengera zoopsa (zosangalatsa); mavuto amenewa amaika achinyamata ku matenda akamakula, kusachita bwino kusukulu, kudzipha, chizolowezi chogonana
English: In prevention of diarrhea, especially among small infants breast-feeding plays the major and important role. Breast milk plays an important role in both the prevention and treatment of infant diarrhea
Chichewa: Popewa kutsekula m'mimba, makamaka pakati pa ana ang'onoang'ono kuyamwitsa kumagwira ntchito yayikulu komanso yofunika. Mkaka wa m'mawere umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popewa komanso kuchiza kutsekula m'mimba kwa ana
English: From a prevention viewpoint, breast milk provides a natural immunity and is generally safe from contamination. From a treatment viewpoint, breast milk, when given during Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT), helps provide extra water in addition to the salts in ORT, and helps restore the nutritional status of the child
Chichewa: Malinga ndi kapewedwe, mkaka wa m'mawere umapereka chitetezo chachilengedwe ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi wotetezeka ku matenda. Malinga ndi chithandizo, mkaka wa m'mawere ukaperekedwa pa Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT), umathandizira kupereka madzi owonjezera kuwonjezera pa mchere wa ORT,
English: The increasing use of formula feeding by mothers, particularly in urban and semi urban areas is considered one of the leading causes of diarrhea, and malnutrition
Chichewa: Kuchulukirachulukira kwa kadyetsedwe ka amayi, makamaka m'matauni ndi m'matauni kumadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda otsekula m'mimba, komanso kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
English: Many mothers adopt formula feeding because of its flexibility and ease of use, freeing them to work. Others are convinced by the aggressive marketing campaign of commercial formula companies and by the appeal or modernity that bottle-feeding has come to represent
Chichewa: Amayi ambiri amatengera kuyamwitsa mkaka wowawasa chifukwa chakuti ndi wosavuta kuugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimawalola kugwira ntchito. Ena amakhutitsidwa ndi kutsatsa kwaukali kwamakampani opanga ma formula amalonda komanso chifukwa chokopa kapena masiku ano kuti kuyamwitsa botolo kwadzayimilira
English: Most poor mothers have no safe water to mix with the formula, and have problems to properly maintain bottle sterility, and often dilute the formula to make it last longer. These actions increase the likelihood of bacterial contamination and reduce the nutritional benefit of the product
Chichewa: Amayi ambiri osauka alibe madzi abwino kuti asakanize ndi mkaka, ndipo amakhala ndi vuto losunga bwino ukhondo wa botolo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasungunula mkaka kuti ukhale wautali. Zochita izi zimachulukitsa mwayi woipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndikuchepetsa phindu lazakudya la mankhwalawa
English: As a response to this growth in improper bottle-feeding, a campaign has been launched worldwide to promote continued breastfeeding and to develop appropriate weaning foods for children
Chichewa: Chifukwa cha kukula kwa kuyamwitsa m'botolo mosayenera, ntchito yolimbikitsa kuyamwitsa mkaka wa m'mawere yakhazikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi komanso kupanga zakudya zoyenera zoyamwitsa ana
English: Advantages of breast-feeding include naturally suited to needs and digestion of infants; needs no preparation, less work for mother; ready on demand; inexpensive; clean; right temperature & concentration; contains protective elements for infant;
Chichewa: Ubwino woyamwitsa ndi wogwirizana mwachibadwa ndi zosowa ndi chimbudzi cha makanda; safuna kukonzekera, ntchito yochepa kwa amayi; okonzeka pakufunika; zotsika mtengo; woyera; kutentha koyenera &amp; ndende; lili ndi zinthu zoteteza mwana wakhanda;
English: Infant benefits from cuddling and close contact with mother; may delay conception, (however is not reliable as a contraceptive); helps uterus of mother return to normal size
Chichewa: Mwana wakhanda amapindula ndi kukumbatirana ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndi amayi; akhoza kuchedwetsa kutenga pakati, (komabe sizodalirika ngati njira yolerera); kumathandiza chiberekero cha mayi kubwerera mwakale
English: Disadvantages of breast-feeding includes severely malnourished mother who breastfeeds is depriving both herself and her child of vital nutrients
Chichewa: Kuipa koyamwitsa kumaphatikizapo mayi woperewera zakudya m’thupi amene amayamwitsa akuzimana iyeyo ndi mwana wake zonse zomanga thupi
English: It is generally held that "breast milk alone, from adequately nourished mothers, is sufficient food for infants up to six months of age
Chichewa: Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti 'mkaka uzikhawo, kuchokera amayi okwanira okwanira, ndi chakudya chokwanira kwa azaka mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
English: After six months, breast milk is a valuable supplement to weaning food. The actual weaning period varies from one culture to another
Chichewa: Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mkaka wa m'mawere umakhala wothandiza kwambiri pakuyamwitsa chakudya. Nthawi yeniyeni yoletsa kuyamwa imasiyanasiyana kutengera chikhalidwe
English: Supplemental feeding can be introduced almost immediately after birth in some cultures. It is more common that at three to five months, mothers will start introducing weaning foods, yet in some cultures weaning may be delayed until the ninth or tenth month
Chichewa: Kudyetsa kowonjezera kumatha kuyambika atangobadwa kumene m'madera ena. Nthawi zambiri pakatha miyezi itatu kapena isanu, amayi amayamba kuyambitsa zakudya zoyamwitsa, komabe m'madera ena kuyamwa kumatha mpaka mwezi wachisanu ndi chinayi kapena wakhumi
English: In addition to identifying existing weaning schedules it will be necessary to look at the kind of weaning foods and the way in which they are prepared
Chichewa: Kuphatikiza pa kuzindikiritsa ndandanda yomwe ilipo kale pakufunika kuyang'ana mtundu wa zakudya zoyamwitsa ndi momwe zimakonzedwera
English: When discussing with mothers about weaning the following points has to be considered cooking temperature which destroys bacteria; reducing the time between food preparation and child feeding
Chichewa: Pokambirana ndi amayi za kuyamwitsa mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kutentha kwa kuphika komwe kumawononga mabakiteriya; kuchepetsa nthawi yokonzekera chakudya ndi kudyetsa ana
English: Hand-washing before food preparation which will reduce bacterial contamination; Use of clean or boiled water when possible. Weaning food can be prepared from food items available at home
Chichewa: Kusamba m'manja musanakonze chakudya chomwe chingachepetse kuipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya; Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera kapena owiritsa ngati nkotheka. Zakudya zoyamwitsa zitha kukonzedwa kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zimapezeka kunyumba
English: Weight management is a sensitive topic. Nevertheless, the measurement is often used as a marker to inform medical decisions or for someone's personal interest
Chichewa: Kuwongolera kulemera ndi mutu wovuta. Komabe, muyeso nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholembera kudziwitsa zisankho zachipatala kapena zofuna za wina
English: But for many wheelchair users, accessing scales has proved near impossible. The last time I was weighed was about 22 years ago, I think I was about 15 years."
Chichewa: Koma kwa ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito njinga za olumala, kupeza masikelo kwakhala kosatheka. Nthawi yomaliza yomwe ndinapimidwa sikelo inali zaka makumi awiri ndi ziwiri zapitazo, ndikuganiza kuti ndinali ndi zaka khumi ndizisanu.
English: As a result, now aged 37, Lizzie has been through three successful pregnancies, all without knowing how her body was adapting or how her baby was growing
Chichewa: Zotsatira zake, Lizzie, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndiziwiri, wakhala ndi pakati pa atatu opambana, onse osadziwa momwe thupi lake likusinthira kapena momwe mwana wake amakulira
English: She has a degenerative muscle-related impairment and uses a wheelchair. This makes weighing herself on traditional bathroom scales, which require you to stand still and independently on a small platform, a challenge - although she has given it a go
Chichewa: Ali ndi vuto lofooka lokhudzana ndi minofu ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito njinga ya olumala. Izi zimadzipangitsa kudziyesa pamiyeso yachibafa yachikhalidwe, yomwe imafunikira kuti muyime pompo ndikudziyimira pawokha papulatifomu yaying'ono, zovuta - ngakhale wachitapo kanthu