dmatekenya/chichewa-machine-translation huggingface dataset:
English: From 1967 onwards, prison conditions improved. Black prisoners were given trousers rather than shorts, games were permitted, and the standard of their food was raised
Chichewa: Kuyambira mu 1967 kupita mtsogolo, zinthu zinali bwino kundende. Akaidi akuda adapatsidwa mabuluku osati makabudula, masewera amaloledwa, ndipo kakonzedwe ka chakudya chawo kadakwezedwa
English: In 1969, an escape plan for Mandela was developed by Gordon Bruce, but it was abandoned after the conspiracy was infiltrated by an agent of the South African Bureau of State Security, who hoped to see Mandela shot during the escape
Chichewa: Mu 1969, ndondomeko yothawira Mandela idapangidwa ndi Gordon Bruce, koma idasiyidwa pambuyo pakuti ndondomekoyi inatulukiridwa ndi kazitape wa nthambi ya chitetezo ya South Africa, yemwe ankayembekezera kuona Mandela akuwomberedwa pa nthawi yothawa
English: Mandela, seeing an increase in the physical and mental abuse of prisoners, complained to visiting judges, who had Badenhorst reassigned
Chichewa: Mandela, powona kuwonjezeka kwa kuzunzidwa kwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo kwa akaidi, adadandaula kwa oweruza oyendera, yemwe anachititsa kuti Badenhorst asinthidwe ntchito
English: He was replaced by Commander Willie Willemse, who developed a co-operative relationship with Mandela and was keen to improve prison standards
Chichewa: Anasinthidwa ndi mkulu wa ndende Willie Willemse, yemwe adapanga ubale ndi Mandela ndipo anaunitsitsa kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa akaidi ku ndende
English: By the late 1960s, Mandela's fame had been eclipsed by Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement (BMC)
Chichewa: Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, kutchuka kwa Mandela kudaposedwa ndi Steve Biko ndi Black Consciousness Movement (BMC)
English: Mandela tried to build a relationship with these young radicals, although he was critical of their racialism and contempt for white anti-apartheid activists
Chichewa: Mandela anayesa kumanga ubale ndi achinyamata omwe ankaganiza zogalukira, ngakhale kuti ankatsutsa tsankho lawo komanso kunyoza azungu omwe ankatsutsa ulamuliro tsankho
English: Renewed international interest in his plight came in July 1978, when he celebrated his 60th birthday
Chichewa: Dziko lapansi linakhalanso ndi chidwi pakuvutika kwake mu July 1978, pamene adakondwerera tsiku lake loti wakwanitsa zaka 60
English: Conditions at Pollsmoor were better than at Robben Island, although Mandela missed the camaraderie and scenery of the island
Chichewa: Makhalidwe ku Pollsmoor anali abwino kuposa ku Robben Island, ngakhale Mandela anaphonya malo ochezera a pachilumbachi
English: Getting on well with Pollsmoor's commanding officer, Mandela was permitted to create a roof garden
Chichewa: Pokhala bwino ndi woyang'anira wamkulu wa Pollsmoor, Mandela adaloledwa kupanga dimba la padenga
English: He also read voraciously and corresponded widely, now being permitted 52 letters a year
Chichewa: Amawerenganso modzikhuthula ndipo analumikizana ndi anthu kwambiri, panthawi ankaloledwa kulandira malakata 52 pachaka
English: The early 1980s witnessed an escalation of violence across the country, and many predicted civil war
Chichewa: Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1980, ziwawa zinakula kwambiri m’dziko lonselo, ndipo ambiri ankalosera kuti nkhondo yapachiŵeniŵeni inali yaikulu
English: This was accompanied by economic stagnation as various multinational banks—under pressure from an international lobby—had stopped investing in South Africa
Chichewa: Izi zidatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwachuma pomwe mabanki osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana - mokakamizidwa ndi gulu lolimbikitsa mayiko - adasiya kuyika ndalama ku South Africa
English: Numerous banks and Thatcher asked Botha to release Mandela—then at the height of his international fame—to defuse the volatile situation
Chichewa: Mabanki ambiri ndi Thatcher adapempha Botha kuti amasule Mandela - panthawi yomwe anali wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi - kuti athetse vutoli
English: Although considering Mandela a dangerous "arch-Marxist", Botha offered him, in February 1985, a release from prison if he "unconditionally rejected violence as a political weapon"
Chichewa: Ngakhale ankaona kuti Mandela ndi 'arch-Marxist' woopsa, Botha anamupereka, mu February 1985, kuti amutulutse m'ndende ngati 'akana chiwawa ngati chida chandale'
English: Mandela spurned the offer, releasing a statement through his daughter Zindzi stating, "What freedom am I being offered while the organisation of the people [ANC] remains banned? Only free men can negotiate. A prisoner cannot enter into contracts."
Chichewa: Mandela anakana kupereka, kumasula mawu kudzera mu mwana wake wamkazi Zindzi akunena kuti, 'Kodi ndi ufulu uti womwe ndikadaperekedwa pomwe gulu la anthu [ANC] limaletsedwa? Anthu omasuka okha omwe amatha kukambirana. Mkaidi sangathe kulowa nawo.
English: In 1985, Mandela underwent surgery on an enlarged prostate gland before being given new solitary quarters on the ground floor
Chichewa: Mu 1985, Mandela anachitidwa opaleshoni ya prostate gland yokulirapo asanapatsidwe malo okhala yekhayekha pansi
English: He was met by "seven eminent persons", an international delegation sent to negotiate a settlement, but Botha's government refused to co-operate, calling a state of emergency in June and initiating a police crackdown on unrest
Chichewa: Anakumana ndi 'anthu asanu ndi awiri odziwika bwino, nthumwi za mayiko ena zimatumizidwa kukakambirana, koma boma la Botha lidakana kugwirira ntchito
English: The anti-apartheid resistance fought back, with the ANC committing 231 attacks in 1986 and 235 in 1987
Chichewa: Kulimbana ndi tsankho kunalimbananso, ndipo ANC idachita zigawenga zokwana mazana awiri ndimakumi atatu kudzanso imodzi mu 1986 ndi ndimazana awiri ndimakumi atatu kudzanso zisanu mu 1987
English: The violence escalated as the government used the army and police to combat the resistance and provided covert support for vigilante groups
Chichewa: Ziwawa zidakula pomwe boma lidagwiritsa ntchito asirikali ndi apolisi polimbana ndi zigawenga komanso kupereka thandizo lachinsinsi kwa magulu a alonda
English: Mandela requested talks with Botha but was denied, instead secretly meeting with Minister of Justice Kobie Coetsee in 1987, and having a further 11 meetings over the next three years
Chichewa: Mandela anapempha kukambitsirana ndi Botha koma anakanidwa, m’malo mwake anakumana mwachinsinsi ndi Nduna ya Zachilungamo Kobie Coetsee mu 1987, ndikukhala ndi misonkhano ina khumi ndi  umodzi pazaka zitatu zotsatira
English: Coetsee organised negotiations between Mandela and a team of four government figures starting in May 1988
Chichewa: Coetsee adakonza zokambirana pakati pa Mandela ndi gulu la ziwerengero zinayi zaboma kuyambira mu May chaka cha 1988
English: The team agreed to the release of political prisoners and the legalisation of the ANC on the condition that they permanently renounce violence, break links with the Communist Party, and not insist on majority rule
Chichewa: Gululi lidavomera kumasulidwa kwa akaidi a ndale komanso kuvomerezeka kwa chipani cha ANC pokhapokha ngati asiya ziwawa mpaka kalekale, asiya mgwirizano ndi chipani cha Communist, komanso osaumirira paulamuliro wa ambiri
English: Mandela rejected these conditions, insisting that the ANC would end its armed activities only when the government renounced violence
Chichewa: Mandela anakana makhalidwe amenewa, nanenetsa kuti ANC idzathetsa ntchito zake zankhondo pokhapokha boma litasiya zachiwawa
English: Mandela's 70th birthday in July 1988 attracted international attention, including a tribute concert at London's Wembley Stadium that was televised and watched by an estimated 200 million viewers
Chichewa: Tsiku lokumbukira kubadwa kwa kuti wakwanitsa zaka maumi asanu ndiawiri mu July 1988 linakopa chidwi cha mayiko, kuphatikizapo phwando lanyimbo mdzina lake pa bwalo la Wembley ku Londan womwe unawulisidwa pa wayilesi za kanema ndipo unawoneledwa ndi anthu oposa 200 miliyoni
English: Although presented globally as a heroic figure, he faced personal problems when ANC leaders informed him that Winnie had set herself up as head of a gang, the "Mandela United Football Club", which had been responsible for torturing and killing opponents—including children—in Soweto
Chichewa: Ngakhale padziko lonse anatengedwa ngati  wolimba mtima, anakumana ndi zovuta pa umunthu wake pamene atsogoleri a ANC anamuuza kuti Winnie anadziyika mwayekha kukhala mtsogoleri wa gulu lazaupandulo, lotchedwa "Mandela United Footbal Gang", lomwe linakhuzidwa ndi kuzunzidwa komanso kuphedwa kwa owatsutsa-kuphatikizapo ana-ku Soweto
English: Though some encouraged him to divorce her, he decided to remain loyal until she was found guilty by trial
Chichewa: Ngakhale kuti ena anam’limbikitsa kuti amusudzule, iye anaganiza zokhalabe wokhulupirika mpaka pamene anapezeka kuti ndi wolakwa pa mlandu wake
English: Recovering from tuberculosis exacerbated by the damp conditions in his cell, Mandela was moved to Victor Verster Prison in December 1988
Chichewa: Atachira ku chifuwa chachikulu chifukwa cha chinyontho mu chipinda cha ndende yake, Mandela anasamutsidwira kundende ya Victor Verster mu December 1988
English: He was housed in the relative comfort of a warder's house with a personal cook, and he used the time to complete his LLB degree
Chichewa: Adalimbikitsidwa ndi nyumba ya wodekha wokhala ndi ophika, ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomaliza digiri ya LLB
English: While there, he was permitted many visitors and organised secret communications with exiled ANC leader Oliver Tambo
Chichewa: Ali kumeneko, adaloledwa alendo ambiri ndipo adapanga mauthenga achinsinsi ndi mtsogoleri wa ANC Oliver Tambo
English: In 1989, Botha suffered a stroke; although he would retain the state presidency, he stepped down as leader of the National Party, to be replaced by F. W. de Klerk
Chichewa: Mu 1989, Botha anadwala matenda akufa ziwalo,.Ngakhale kuti adakhalabe mtsogoleri wa dziko wa boma, adatsika pansi ngati mtsogoleri wa National Party, ndipo m'malo mwake adasinthidwa ndi FW de Klerk
English: In a surprise move, Botha invited Mandela to a meeting over tea in July 1989, an invitation Mandela considered genial
Chichewa: Modabwitsa, Botha anaitanira Mandela kumsonkhano womwa tiyi mu July 1989, chiitano chimene Mandela anachilingalira kukhala chabwino
English: Botha was replaced as state president by de Klerk six weeks later; the new president believed that apartheid was unsustainable and released a number of ANC prisoners
Chichewa: Botha adasinthidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa dziko ndi de Klerk masabata asanu ndi limodzi pambuyo pake; mtsogoleri wa dziko watsopanoyo amakhulupirira kuti tsankho linali losakhazikika ndipo anamasula akaidi angapo a ANC
English: Although some were deeply opposed to his plans, de Klerk met with Mandela in December to discuss the situation, a meeting both men considered friendly, before legalising all formerly banned political parties in February 1990 and announcing Mandela's unconditional release
Chichewa: Ngakhale ena adatsutsa kwambiri malingaliro ake, de Klerk adakumana ndi Mandela mu December kuti akambirane za nkhaniyi, msonkhano womwe amuna onse awiri adauwona ngati waubwenzi, asanavomereze zipani zonse zomwe zidaletsedwa kale mu February 1990 ndikulengeza kumasulidwa kwa Mandela mopanda malire
English: Shortly thereafter, for the first time in 20 years, photographs of Mandela were allowed to be published in South Africa
Chichewa: Posakhalitsa, kwa nthawi yoyamba m’zaka makumi awiri, zithunzi za Mandela zinaloledwa kusindikizidwa ku South Africa
English: Leaving Victor Verster Prison on 11 February, Mandela held Winnie's hand in front of amassed crowds and the press
Chichewa: Pochoka kundende ya Victor Verster pa pa February, Mandela adagwira dzanja la Winnie pamaso pa khamu la anthu komanso atolankhani
English: The event was broadcast live across the world. Driven to Cape Town's City Hall through crowds, he gave a speech declaring his commitment to peace and reconciliation with the white minority, but he made it clear that the ANC's armed struggle was not over and would continue as "a purely defensive action against the violence of apartheid"
Chichewa: Mwambowu unalengezedwa padziko lonse lapansi. Adayendetsedwa kupita ku bwalo la mu mzinda wa Cape Town, adayankhula ponena kudzipeleka kwake pamtendere ndikuyanjananso ndi azungu omwe anali ochepa, koma ananena poyera kuti ANC sinasiye kudzitchinniriza ndi zida ndipo idzapitiriza kuchita izi ngati njira yodzitetezera basi ku nkhanza za azungu
English: He expressed hope that the government would agree to negotiations, so that "there may no longer be the need for the armed struggle", and insisted that his main focus was to bring peace to the black majority and give them the right to vote in national and local elections
Chichewa: Iye adati akuyembekeza kuti boma livomera zokambirana, kuti 'pasakhalenso kufunika kwankhondo', ndipo adanenetsa kuti cholinga chake chachikulu ndikubweretsa mtendere kwa anthu ambiri akuda ndikuwapatsa ufulu wovota mdziko lonse. ndi masankho apakati
English: Staying at Tutu's home, in the following days Mandela met with friends, activists, and press, giving a speech to an estimated 100,000 people at Johannesburg's FNB Stadium
Chichewa: Atakhala kunyumba kwa Tutu, m’masiku otsatira Mandela anakumana ndi anzake, omenyera ufulu wa anthu, ndi atolankhani, akulankhula kwa anthu pafupifupi zikwi zokwana makumi khumi pa FNB Stadium ya Johannesburg
English: In Cuba, he became friends with President Castro, whom he had long admired
Chichewa: Ku Cuba, adakhala paubwenzi ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko Castro, yemwe amkamusilira kwa nthawi yayitali
English: In May 1990, Mandela led a multiracial ANC delegation into preliminary negotiations with a government delegation of 11 Afrikaner men
Chichewa: Mu mwezi wa May chaka cha 1990, Mandela adatsogolera nthumwi zamitundu yambiri za ANC kukakambitsirana koyambirira ndi nthumwi za boma za amuna khumi ndiimodzi achiafrika
English: He spent much time trying to unify and build the ANC, appearing at a Johannesburg conference in December attended by 1,600 delegates, many of whom found him more moderate than expected
Chichewa: Anakhala nthawi yayitali kuyesa kugwirizanitsa ndikumanga chipani cha ANC, akuwonekera pamsonkhano wa ku Johannesburg mu December komwe kunali nthumwi zokwana chikwi chimodzi ndi mazana asanu ndiimodzi, ambiri mwa iwo adapeza kuti anali wodekha kuposa momwe ankayembekezera
English: At the ANC's July 1991 national conference in Durban, Mandela admitted that the party had faults and announced his aim to build a "strong and well-oiled task force" for securing majority rule
Chichewa: Pamsonkhano wadziko lonse wa ANC wa July 1991 ku Durban, Mandela adavomereza kuti chipanicho chinali ndi zolakwika ndipo adalengeza cholinga chake chokhazikitsa 'gulu lamphamvu ndi lopangidwa bwino' kuti ateteze ulamuliro wambiri
English: At the conference, he was elected ANC President, replacing the ailing Tambo, and a 50-strong multiracial, mixed gendered national executive was elected
Chichewa: Pamsonkhanowo, adasankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa ANC, m'malo mwa Tambo yemwe akudwala, ndipo mtsogoleri wadziko lonse wa anthu makumia asanu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso amuna ndi akazi adasankhidwa
English: Their marriage was increasingly strained as he learned of her affair with Dali Mpofu, but he supported her during her trial for kidnapping and assault
Chichewa: Banja lawo linkavuta kwambiri atamva za chibwenzi chake ndi Dali Mpofu koma anamuthandiza pa mlandu wobedwa komanso kumumenya
English: On 13 April 1992, Mandela publicly announced his separation from Winnie. The ANC forced her to step down from the national executive for misappropriating ANC funds
Chichewa: Pa 13 April 1992, Mandela adalengeza poyera kupatukana kwake ndi Winnie. Chipani cha ANC chidamukakamiza kuti atule pansi udindo wake pa udindo waukulu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika ndalama za ANC
English: Mandela's prospects for a peaceful transition were further damaged by an increase in "black-on-black" violence, particularly between ANC and Inkatha supporters in KwaZulu-Natal, which resulted in thousands of deaths
Chichewa: Chiyembekezo cha Mandela chosintha mwamtendere chinawonongekanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ziwawa za 'wakuda-kwa-wakuda', makamaka pakati pa otsatira a ANC ndi Inkatha ku KwaZulu-Natal, zomwe zidapha anthu masauzande ambiri
English: Mandela met with Inkatha leader Buthelezi, but the ANC prevented further negotiations on the issue
Chichewa: Mandela anakumana ndi mtsogoleri wa Inkatha Buthelezi, koma ANC inaletsa zokambirana zina pa nkhaniyo
English: Mandela argued that there was a "third force" within the state intelligence services fuelling the "slaughter of the people" and openly blamed de Klerk—whom he increasingly distrusted
Chichewa: Mandela anatsutsa kuti panali 'gulu lachitatu' mkati mwa mabungwe a intelligence a boma omwe amalimbikitsa 'kupha anthu' ndipo anadzudzula poyera de Klerk-yemwe ankasamukhulupirira
English: In September 1991, a national peace conference was held in Johannesburg at which Mandela, Buthelezi and de Klerk signed a peace accord, though the violence continued
Chichewa: Mu September 1991, msonkhano wadziko lonse wamtendere udachitikira ku Johannesburg pomwe Mandela, Buthelezi ndi de Klerk adasaina mgwirizano wamtendere, ngakhale ziwawa zidapitilira
English: After de Klerk used the closing speech to condemn the ANC's violence, Mandela took to the stage to denounce de Klerk as the "head of an illegitimate, discredited minority regime"
Chichewa: De Klerk atagwiritsa ntchito mawu otsekera kudzudzula ziwawa za ANC, Mandela adakwera pabwalo kudzudzula de Klerk ngati 'mutu wa boma la anthu ochepa, osavomerezeka'
English: Dominated by the National Party and ANC, little negotiation was achieved
Chichewa: Molamulidwa ndi National Party ndi ANC, anakwanitsa kukambirana pang'ono
English: Calling for domestic mass action, in August the ANC organised the largest-ever strike in South African history, and supporters Marched on Pretoria
Chichewa: Pofuna kuti anthu achitepo kanthu, mu August chipani cha ANC chinakonza chionetsero chachikulu kwambiri chomwe sichinachitikepo m'mbiri ya South Africa, ndipo otsatira adaguba ku Pretoria
English: He agreed to do so on the conditions that all political prisoners be released, that Zulu traditional weapons be banned, and that Zulu hostels would be fenced off, the latter two measures intended to prevent further Inkatha attacks
Chichewa: Iye anavomera kutero potsatira mfundo zoti akaidi onse a ndale atulutsidwe, kuti zida zachikhalidwe za Azulu ziletsedwe, komanso kuti ma hostel a Azulu akhale ndi mpanda, njira ziwiri zomalizirazi pofuna kupewa kuukira kwa Inkatha
English: De Klerk reluctantly agreed. The negotiations agreed that a multiracial general election would be held, resulting in a five-year coalition government of national unity and a constitutional assembly that gave the National Party continuing influence
Chichewa: D Delerk anavomera monyinyirika. Zokambirana zinagwirizana kuti pachitike chisankho chokhuza mitundu yambiri, zomwe zinadzetsa boma la mgwirizano ndiponso nyumba yamalamulo yovomerezeka imene inapelekansnso  mphamvu ku chipani cha National
English: The ANC also conceded to safeguarding the jobs of white civil servants; such concessions brought fierce internal criticism
Chichewa: Anc inavomerezanso kuteteza ntchito za azungu mmboma; Zoterezi zimabweretsa kutsutsana mkawi mwawo
English: The duo agreed on an interim constitution based on a liberal democratic model, guaranteeing separation of powers, creating a constitutional court, and including a US-style bill of rights; it also divided the country into nine provinces, each with its own premier and civil service
Chichewa: Awiriwa adagwirizana kuti pakhale malamulo oyembekezera kwa nthawi yochepa wotsamira pa ufulu wa demokalase, poonetsetsa kuti kusalowerana mphamvu, kuyambitsa mwabwalo ozenga milandu ya yokhuza malamulo, koamnso kuphatikizapo lamulo la ufulu lofanana ndi la dziko la America; linagawanso dzikolo mzigawo zisanu ndi zinayi, chilichonse kukhala ndi wotsogolera wake komanso ogwira ntchito akeake a boma
English: With the election set for 27 April 1994, the ANC began campaigning, opening 100 election offices and orchestrating People's Forums across the country at which Mandela could appear, as a popular figure with great status among black South Africans
Chichewa: Ndi chisankho chomwe chimayenera kuchitika pa 27 April 1994, ANC inayamba kukopa anthu, kutsegula malo ogwilira ntchito 100 ndiponso kukhadzikitsa mabwalo a anthu mmadera onse mdzikomo komwe Mandela amayenera kuonekera, ngati munthu wotchuka wauklemu wake pakati pa anthu akuda mu SOuth Africa
English: The ANC campaigned on a Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) to build a million houses in five years, introduce universal free education and extend access to water and electricity
Chichewa: ANC idakopa anthu pa Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) yofuna kumanga nyumba miliyoni mzaka zisanu, kuyambitsa maphunziro aulere kwa onse komanso kukulitsa mwayi wopeza madzi ndi magetsi
English: The party's slogan was "a better life for all", although it was not explained how this development would be funded
Chichewa: Mawu otsogolera chipanichi anali "moyo wabwino kwa onse ", ngakhale sizinafotokozedwe momwe ndalama za ntchitoyi zikanapezekera
English: With the exception of the Weekly Mail and the New Nation, South Africa's press opposed Mandela's election, fearing continued ethnic strife, instead supporting the National or Democratic Party
Chichewa: Kupatula Weekly Mail ndi New Nationa, nyumba zowulutsira mawu mu South Africa sidzinagwirizane ndi kusankhidwa kwa Mandela, ankaopa kugalukirana kwa mitundu, mmalo mwake anathandiza chipani cha National kapena Democratic
English: As leaders of the two major parties, de Klerk and Mandela appeared on a televised debate
Chichewa: Monga atsogoleri a zipani zazikulu ziwiri, de Klerk ndi Mandela anawonekera pa mtsutso wa pa TV
English: Although de Klerk was widely considered the better speaker at the event, Mandela's offer to shake his hand surprised him, leading some commentators to deem it a victory for Mandela
Chichewa: Ngakhale kuti de Klerk ankaonedwa kuti ndi wolankhula bwino pamwambowu, zomwe Mandela anamuuza kuti agwire chanza zinamudabwitsa, zomwe zinachititsa kuti olemba ndemanga ena aone kuti ndi kupambana kwa Mandela
English: The election went ahead with little violence, although an AWB cell killed 20 with car bombs
Chichewa: Chisankhocho chidapitilira ndi ziwawa zochepa, ngakhale gulu la AWB lidapha anthu makumi awiri ndi bomba otcheredwa mmagalimoto
English: As widely expected, the ANC won a sweeping victory, taking 63% of the vote, just short of the two-thirds majority needed to unilaterally change the constitution
Chichewa: Monga momwe anthu ambiri amayembekezera, chipani cha ANC chidapambana kwambiri, kutenga 63% ya mavoti, kungolephera pa magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse ofunikira kuti asinthe malamulo adzikolo
English: The ANC was also victorious in seven provinces, with Inkatha and the National Party each taking one
Chichewa: Anc idapambananso zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo Inkatha ndi chipani cha National aliyense chigawo chimodzi
English: The newly elected National Assembly's first act was to formally elect Mandela as South Africa's first black chief executive
Chichewa: Ntchito yoyamba ya Nyumba Yamalamulo ya National Assembly yomwe idasankhidwa kumene inali kusankha Mandela mwalamulo kukhala wamkulu wamkulu wakuda ku South Africa
English: His inauguration took place in Pretoria on 10 May 1994, televised to a billion viewers globally
Chichewa: Kukhazikitsidwa kwake kudachitikira ku Pretoria pa 10 May 1994, kuwulutsidwa kwa owonera biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi
English: The event was attended by four thousand guests, including world leaders from a wide range of geographic and ideological backgrounds
Chichewa: Pamwambowo panafika alendo zikwi zinayi, kuphatikizapo atsogoleri a mayiko ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana komanso amalingaliro osiyanasiyana
English: Mandela headed a Government of National Unity dominated by the ANC—which had no experience of governing by itself—but containing representatives from the National Party and Inkatha
Chichewa: Mandela adatsogolera Boma la Umodzi Wadziko Lonse lolamulidwa ndi ANC - lomwe linalibe ukadaulo wolamulira paokha - koma munali oimira National Party ndi Inkatha
English: Although Mbeki had not been his first choice for the job, Mandela grew to rely heavily on him throughout his presidency, allowing him to shape policy details
Chichewa: Ngakhale Mbeki sanali chisankho chake choyamba pa ntchitoyi, Mandela adadalira kwambiri iye pa nthawi yonse ya utsogoleri wake, zomwe zinamulola kuti apange ndondomeko za ndondomeko
English: Moving into the presidential office at Tuynhuys in Cape Town, Mandela allowed de Klerk to retain the presidential residence in the Groote Schuur estate, instead settling into the nearby Westbrooke manor, which he renamed "Genadendal", meaning "Valley of Mercy" in Afrikaans
Chichewa: Kusamukira mu malo ogwilira ntchito a mtsogoleri wa dziko ku mzinda wa Cape Town, Mandela adalola de klek kuti akhalebe mnyumba ya mtsogoleri wa dziko ku dera Groote Schuur, mmalo mwake anakhala moyandikira, ku nyumba ya Westbrooke,  yomwe anayisintha dzina kukhala "Genadendal", kuthanthauza kuti :Chigwa chachifundo"' muchiyankhulo cha Afrikaans
English: Retaining his Houghton home, he also had a house built in his home village of Qunu, which he visited regularly, walking around the area, meeting with locals, and judging tribal disputes
Chichewa: Posunga nyumba yake ya Houghton, adamanganso nyumba kumudzi kwawo ku Qunu, komwe amapitako pafupipafupi, kuyendayenda m'derali, kumakumana ndi anthu akumaloko, ndikuweruza mikangano yamitundu
English: Aged 76, he faced various ailments, and although exhibiting continued energy, he felt isolated and lonely
Chichewa: Ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri kudzanso zisanu ndi chimodzi, ankakumana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo ngakhale kuti ankapitirizabe kusonyeza mphamvu, ankadziona kuti ali yekhayekha komanso wosungulumwa
English: He often entertained celebrities, such as Michael Jackson and befriended ultra-rich businessmen
Chichewa: Nthawi zambiri amasangalatsa anthu otchuka, monga Michael Jackson komanso kucheza ndi mabizinesi olemera kwambiri
English: He also met with Queen Elizabeth II on her March 1995 state visit to South Africa, which earned him strong criticism from ANC anti-capitalists
Chichewa: Anakumananso ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeti II paulendo wake wokacheza ku South Africa mu March 1995, womwe unadzetsa mpungwepungwe mu ANC ndi otsutsana ndi anthu obera chuma osauka
English: Despite his opulent surroundings, Mandela lived simply, donating a third of his R 552,000 annual income to the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund, which he had founded in 1995
Chichewa: Ngakhale malo ake anali olemera, Mandela anakhala moyo wosalira zambiri, kupereka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ndalama zake zapachaka zokwana ma Rand okwana zikwi mazana asanu kudzanso mazana asanu ndi awiri ku Nelson Mandela  loyannganira zaufulu waana, imene anaiyambitsa mu 1995
English: Although dismantling press censorship, speaking out in favour of freedom of the press and befriending many journalists, Mandela was critical of much of the country's media, noting that it was overwhelmingly owned and run by middle-class whites and believing that it focused too heavily on scaremongering about crime
Chichewa: Ngakhale adathetsa kuwunika kwa atolankhani, kuyankhula mokomera ufulu wa atolankhani komanso kukhala paubwenzi ndi atolankhani ambiri, Mandela adadzudzula zowulutsa zambiri za dzikolo, ponena kuti zidali zake komanso zimayendetsedwa ndi azungu apakati komanso akukhulupirira kuti zimayang'ana kwambiri kuwopseza zaumbanda
English: In late 1994, he attended the 49th conference of the ANC in Bloemfontein, at which a more militant national executive was elected, among them Winnie Mandela
Chichewa: Kumapeto kwa 1994, adapita nawo ku msonkhano wa 49 wa ANC ku Bloemfontein, pomwe mtsogoleri wadziko lonse wankhondo adasankhidwa, pakati pawo Winnie Mandela
English: Although she expressed an interest in reconciling, Nelson initiated divorce proceedings in August 1995
Chichewa: Ngakhale adawonetsa chidwi chofuna kuyanjananso, Nelson adayambitsa chisudzulo mu August 1995
English: By 1995, he had entered into a relationship with Graça Machel, a Mozambican political activist 27 years his junior who was the widow of former president Samora Machel
Chichewa: Pofika chaka cha 1995, adalowa muubwenzi ndi Graça Machel, womenyera ndale wa ku Mozambique zaka makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi awiri yemwe anali wamasiye wa mtsogoleri wa dziko wakale Samora Machel
English: They had first met in July 1990 when she was still in mourning, but their friendship grew into a partnership, with Machel accompanying him on many of his foreign visits
Chichewa: Anakumana koyamba mu July 1990 adakali pachisoni, koma ubwenzi wawo unakula mpaka kufika pa mgwirizano, ndipo Machel ankatsagana naye maulendo ambiri akunja
English: She turned down Mandela's first marriage proposal, wanting to retain some independence and dividing her time between Mozambique and Johannesburg
Chichewa: Adakana ukwati wa Mandela, akufuna kusunga ufulu ndikugawana nthawi yake pakati pa Mozambique ndi Johannesburg
English: Gracious but steely, [Mandela] steered a country in turmoil toward a negotiated settlement
Chichewa: Wachifundo komanso wolimba, [Mandela] adatsogolera dziko lomwe linali mmavuto kufika poti agwirizana
English: A country that days before its first democratic election remained violent, riven by divisive views and personalities
Chichewa: Dziko lomwe masiku atatsala pang'ono kuchita chisankho cha zipani zambiri linali pa ziwawa, motsogozedwa ndi maganizo ogawanitsa komanso anthu odzikonda
English: He endorsed national reconciliation, an idea he did not merely foster in the abstract, but performed with panache and conviction in reaching out to former adversaries
Chichewa: Adavomereza chiyanjanitso cha dziko, lingaliro lomwe sanangolimbikitsa mwachiphamaso, koma adachita mwanzeru komanso motsimikiza pakufikira adani akale
English: He initiated an era of hope that, while not long-lasting, was nevertheless decisive, and he garnered the highest international recognition and affection
Chichewa: Anayambitsa nthawi ya chiyembekezo yomwe, ngakhale kuti sinali yokhalitsa, inali yotsimikizika, ndipo adalandira kuzindikirika ndi chikondi chapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse
English: Presiding over the transition from apartheid minority rule to a multicultural democracy, Mandela saw national reconciliation as the primary task of his presidency
Chichewa: Potsogolera kusintha kuchokera ku ulamuliro wa tsankho kupita ku ufulu wodzilamulira wokha ndi mitungu yosiyanasiyana, Mandela adawona kuyanjanitsa dziko monga ntchito yayikulu ya utsogoleri wake
English: Having seen other post-colonial African economies damaged by the departure of white elites, Mandela worked to reassure South Africa's white population that they were protected and represented in "the Rainbow Nation"
Chichewa: Ataona mmene mayiko ena mu Africa pambuyo pa chitaganya anagwera pa chuma chifukwa chakuchoka kwa azungu odzikonda, Mandela anagwira ntchito yowatsimikizira azungu mu south Africa kuti anali wotetezedwa komanso kuyimiridwa mdziko la utawalezali
English: Mandela expressed the view that "South Africa's future foreign relations [should] be based on our belief that human rights should be the core of international relations"
Chichewa: Mandela ananena maganizo ake kuti "tsogolo la South Africa pamaubale ake ndi mayiko akunja litsamire pachikhulupiliro chakuti ufulu wa anthu ukhale gwero la maubale ndi mayiko ena"
English: Inspired by the region's economic boom, Mandela sought greater economic relations with East Asia, in particular with Malaysia, although this was prevented by the 1997 Asian financial crisis
Chichewa: Atalimbikitsika ndi kukwera kwa chuma mchigawocho, Mandela anafuna maubale opambana ku chigawo chakummawa, makamaka ku Malaysia, ngakhale izi zinalepheretsedwa ndi kusokonekera kwa chuma ku Asia mu 1997
English: He extended diplomatic recognition to the People's Republic of China (PRC), who were growing as an economic force, and initially also to Taiwan, who were already longstanding investors in the South African economy
Chichewa: Anawonjezera kuvomereza ukazembe ndi People's Republic of China (PRC), yomwe imakula kukhala otsogola pachuma, komanso poyambirira ku Taiwan, omwe ndikale ankachita malonda mu South Africa
English: Mandela hoped to resolve the long-running dispute between Libya and the United States and Britain over bringing to trial the two Libyans who were indicted in November 1991 and accused of sabotaging Pan Am Flight 103
Chichewa: Mandela ankayembekezera kuthetsa mkangano womwe wakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali pakati pa Libya ndi United States ndi Britain pakutengera kubwalo lamlandu anthu awiri a ku Libya omwe anazengedwa mlandu mu November 1991 ndipo anayimbidwa mlandu wowononga Pan Am Flight 103
English: Mandela proposed that they be tried in a third country, which was agreed to by all parties, the trial was held at Camp Zeist in the Netherlands in April 1999, and found one of the two men guilty
Chichewa: Mandela analingalira kuti iwo aweruzidwe m’dziko lachitatu, lomwe linavomerezedwa ndi mbali zonse, mlandu unachitikira ku Camp Zeist ku Netherlands mu April 1999, ndipo anapeza mmodzi mwa amuna awiriwo ndi wolakwa
English: The new Constitution of South Africa was agreed upon by parliament in May 1996, enshrining a series of institutions to place checks on political and administrative authority within a constitutional democracy
Chichewa: Malamulo atsopano a dziko la South Africa adagwirizana ndi nyumba yamalamulo mu May 1996, ndikuyika mabungwe angapo kuti aziyang'anira ulamuliro wandale ndi utsogoleri mu ufulu wodzilamulira yovomerezeka
English: De Klerk opposed the implementation of this constitution, and that month he and the National Party withdrew from the coalition government in protest, claiming that the ANC were not treating them as equals
Chichewa: De Klerk adatsutsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamuloli, ndipo mwezi womwewo iye ndi National Party adatuluka m'boma la mgwirizano poonetsa kusagwirizana nazo, ponena kuti a ANC simawatenga ngati ofanana pamphamvu'
English: The ANC took over the cabinet positions formerly held by the Nationals, with Mbeki becoming sole Deputy President
Chichewa: ANC idatenga maudindo omwe kale anali a mzika za dziko, ndipo Mbeki adakhala wachiwiri kwa mtsogoleriyo
English: Inkatha remained part of the coalition, and when both Mandela and Mbeki were out of the country in September 1998, Buthelezi was appointed "Acting President", marking an improvement in his relationship with Mandela
Chichewa: Inkatha anakhalabe mbali ya mgwirizanowo, ndipo pamene Mandela ndi Mbeki anali kunja kwa dziko mu September 1998, Buthelezi anasankhidwa kukhala 'Acting President', kusonyeza kusintha kwa ubale wake ndi Mandela
English: Although Mandela had often governed decisively in his first two years as president, he had subsequently increasingly delegated duties to Mbeki, retaining only a close personal supervision of intelligence and security measures
Chichewa: Ngakhale Mandela nthawi zambiri ankalamulira motsimikiza m'zaka zake ziwiri zoyambirira monga mtsogoleri wa dziko, pambuyo pake adapereka ntchito zambiri kwa Mbeki, akungoyang'anira mosamala njira za intelligence ndi chitetezo
English: During a 1997 visit to London, he said that "the ruler of South Africa, the de facto ruler, is Thabo Mbeki" and that he was "shifting everything to him"
Chichewa: Paulendo wake ku London mu  chaka cha 1997, adanena kuti 'wolamulira wa South Africa, wolamulira wamkulu, ndi Thabo Mbeki' ndipo 'akusinthira zonse kwa iye
English: Mandela stepped down as ANC President at the party's December 1997 conference
Chichewa: Mandela adatsika pansi ngati mtsogoleri wa ANC pa msonkhano wa chipani cha December 1997
English: He hoped that Ramaphosa would succeed him, believing Mbeki to be too inflexible and intolerant of criticism, but the ANC elected Mbeki regardless
Chichewa: Iye ankayembekeza kuti Ramaphosa alowa m’malo mwake pokhulupirira kuti Mbeki ndi wosasinthika komanso wosalolera kudzudzulidwa, koma chipani cha ANC chinasankha Mbeki mosasamala kanthu
English: Mandela and the Executive supported Jacob Zuma, a Zulu who had been imprisoned on Robben Island, as Mbeki's replacement for Deputy President
Chichewa: Mandela ndi komiti yayikulu adathandizira Jacob Zuma, MZulu yemwe adamangidwa pa Robben Island, monga wolowa m'malo mwa Wachiwiri kwa mtsogoleri wa dziko
English: Zuma's candidacy was challenged by Winnie, whose populist rhetoric had gained her a strong following within the party, although Zuma defeated her in a landslide victory vote at the election
Chichewa: Kuyimirira kwa Zuma kudatsutsidwa ndi Winnie, yemwe zonena za anthu zidamupangitsa kuti azitsatira kwambiri chipanichi, ngakhale Zuma adamugonjetsera pachisankhocho
English: Mandela's relationship with Machel had intensified; in February 1998, he publicly stated that he was "in love with a remarkable lady", and under pressure from Tutu, who urged him to set an example for young people, he organised a wedding for his 80th birthday, in July that year
Chichewa: Ubale wa Mandela ndi Machel unali utakula; mu February 1998, adanena poyera kuti 'amakondana ndi mkazi wopatsa chikoka" ndipo mokakamizidwa ndi Tutu, yemwe adamulimbikitsa kuti apereke chitsanzo kwa achinyamata, adakonza ukwati wa tsiku lake lobadwa la chaka chachi makumi asanu ndiatatu, mu July chaka chimenecho
English: The following day, he held a grand party with many foreign dignitaries. Although the 1996 constitution allowed the president to serve two consecutive five-year terms, Mandela had never planned to stand for a second term in office
Chichewa: Tsiku lotsatira, anali ndi phwando lalikulu ndi olemekezeka ambiri. Ngakhale lamulo la 1996 lidalola mtsogoleri wa dziko kuti atumikire mawu awiri otsatizana, Mandela sanalingalirepo gawo lachiwiri muofesi
English: He gave his farewell speech to Parliament on 29 March 1999 when it adjourned prior to the 1999 general elections, after which he retired
Chichewa: Iye adapereka malankhulidwe ake otsanzika ku Nyumba yamalamulo pa 29 march 1999 pomwe idayimitsa chisankho cha 1999 chisanachitike, ndipo pambuyo pake adapuma
English: Although opinion polls in South Africa showed wavering support for both the ANC and the government, Mandela himself remained highly popular, with 80% of South Africans polled in 1999 expressing satisfaction with his performance as president
Chichewa: Ngakhale zisankho ku South Africa zidawonetsa kukhudzika kwa chipani cha ANC ndi boma, Mandela mwiniyo adakhalabe wotchuka kwambiri, pomwe 80% ya anthu aku South Africa omwe adafunsidwa mu 1999 adawonetsa kukhutitsidwa ndi ntchito yake ngati mtsogoleri wa dziko
English: Retiring in June 1999, Mandela aimed to lead a quiet family life, divided between Johannesburg and Qunu
Chichewa: Atapuma pa ntchito mu June 1999, Mandela ankafuna kukhala moyo wabanja wabata, wogawidwa pakati pa Johannesburg ndi Qunu
English: Although he set about authoring a sequel to his first autobiography, to be titled The Presidential Years, it remained unfinished and was only published posthumously in 2017
Chichewa: Ngakhale adakhazikitsa chigamulo chotsatira cha autobinography, kuti afesere zaka za mtsogoleri wa dziko, zidakhalabe ndipo zidangosindikizidwa pompano mu chaka cha 2017
English: Mandela found such seclusion difficult and reverted to a busy public life involving a daily programme of tasks, meetings with world leaders and celebrities, and—when in Johannesburg—working with the Nelson Mandela Foundation, founded in 1999 to focus on rural development, school construction, and combating HIV/AIDS
Chichewa: Mandela adapeza kudzipatula koteroko kukhala kovuta ndipo adabwereranso ku moyo wotanganidwa wa anthu okhudzana ndi ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, misonkhano ndi atsogoleri a dziko lapansi ndi anthu otchuka, ndipo - pamene anali ku Johannesburg - akugwira ntchito ndi Nelson Mandela Foundation, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1999 kuti iganizire za chitukuko cha kumidzi, kumanga masukulu. , ndi kulimbana ndi HIV/AIDS
English: Although he had been heavily criticised for failing to do enough to fight the HIV/AIDS pandemic during his presidency, he devoted much of his time to the issue following his retirement, describing it as "a war" that had killed more than "all previous wars"
Chichewa: Ngakhale adadzudzulidwa kwambiri chifukwa cholephera kuchita mokwanira kuthana ndi mliri wa HIV/AIDS muutsogoleri wake, adapereka nthawi yake yambiri pankhaniyi atapuma pantchito, akufotokoza kuti nkhondo  yomwe idapha anthu ambiri kuposa kale lonse.
English: Affiliating himself with the Treatment Action Campaign, he urged Mbeki's government to ensure that HIV-positive South Africans had access to anti-retrovirals. Meanwhile, Mandela was successfully treated for prostate cancer in July 2001
Chichewa: Pogwirizana ndi chikoka chothandiza anthu kupeza chithandizo chamatenda, adalimbikitsa boma la Mbeki kuti liwonetsetse kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ku South Africa ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma ARV. Panthawiyi, Mandela adachiritsidwa bwino ndi khansa ya prostate mu July 2001
English: Publicly, Mandela became more vocal in criticising Western powers. He strongly opposed the 1999 NATO intervention in Kosovo and called it an attempt by the world's powerful nations to police the entire world
Chichewa: Pagulu, Mandela adalankhula kwambiri podzudzula maulamuliro aku Western. Iye adatsutsa mwamphamvu kulowererapo kwa NATO ku 1999 ku Kosovo ndipo adayitcha kuyesa kwa mayiko amphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kuti agwire apolisi padziko lonse lapansi
English: In 2003, he spoke out against the plans for the United States to launch a war in Iraq, describing it as "a tragedy" and lambasting US president George W. Bush and British prime minister Tony Blair for undermining the UN
Chichewa: Mu 2003, adalankhula motsutsana ndi ndondomeko zoti dziko la United States lithire nkhondo Iraq, pofotokoza kuti ndi tsoka komanso kudzudzula mokalipa mtsogoleri wa dziko wa US George W. Bush ndi nduna yaikulu ya ku Britain Tony Blair ponyazitsa mphamvu za UN
English: In June 2004, aged 85 and amid failing health, Mandela announced that he was "retiring from retirement" and retreating from public life, remarking, "Don't call me, I will call you."
Chichewa: Mu June 2004, wazaka makumi asanu ndiatatu kudzanso asanu ndipo ali ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri, Mandela adalengeza kuti anali wopuma pantchito 'ndikuyenda kuchokera ku moyo wa anthu, ndikukutchula, ndidzakuimbirani
English: Although continuing to meet with close friends and family, the foundation discouraged invitations for him to appear at public events and denied most interview requests
Chichewa: Ngakhale akupitiliza kukumana ndi abwenzi apamtima komanso abale, mazikowo adaletsa kuyitanidwa kuti akawonekere pagulu ndipo adakana zopempha zambiri zoyankhulana
English: He retained some involvement in international affairs. In 2005, he founded the Nelson Mandela Legacy Trust
Chichewa: Anapitirizabe kuchita nawo zochitika zapadziko lonse. Mu 2005, adakhazikitsa Nelson Mandela Legacy Trust
English: Mandela also encouraged Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe to resign over growing human rights abuses in the country
Chichewa: Mandela adalimbikitsanso mtsogoleri wa dziko la Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe kuti atule pansi udindo wake chifukwa cha kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu m’dziko muno
English: When this proved ineffective, he spoke out publicly against Mugabe in 2007, asking him to step down "with residual respect and a modicum of dignity
Chichewa: Izi zitathandizadi, iye amalankhula motsutsana ndi Mugabe mu 2007, ndikumupempha kuti atsike 'ndi ulemu wotsalira komanso
English: That year, Mandela, Machel and Desmond Tutu convened a group of world leaders in Johannesburg to contribute their wisdom and independent leadership to some of the world's toughest problems
Chichewa: Chaka chimenecho, Mandela, Machel ndi Desmond Tutu adasonkhanitsa gulu la atsogoleri adziko lonse ku Johannesburg kuti apereke nzeru zawo ndi utsogoleri wodziyimira pawokha ku zovuta zina zapadziko lonse
English: Mandela's 90th birthday was marked across the country on 18 July 2008, with the main celebrations held at Qunu, and a concert in his honour in Hyde Park, London
Chichewa: Tsiku lobadwa la Mandela lokwanitsa zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi lidadziwika m'dziko lonselo pa 18 July chaka cha 2008, ndi zikondwerero zazikulu zomwe zinachitikira ku Qunu, ndi konsati ya ulemu wake ku Hyde Park, London
English: In a speech marking the event, Mandela called for the rich to help the poor across the world
Chichewa: M’nkhani yosonyeza mwambowu, Mandela anapempha olemera kuti athandize osauka padziko lonse lapansi
English: Throughout Mbeki's presidency, Mandela continued to support the ANC, usually overshadowing Mbeki at any public events that the two attended
Chichewa: Mu utsogoleri wonse wa Mbeki, Mandela anapitirizabe kuthandizira ANC, nthawi zambiri ankaphimba Mbeki pazochitika zapagulu zomwe awiriwa adapitako
English: Mandela was more at ease with Mbeki's successor, Zuma, although the Nelson Mandela Foundation was upset when his grandson, Mandla Mandela, flew him out to the Eastern Cape to attend a pro-Zuma rally in the midst of a storm in 2009
Chichewa: Mandela anali omasuka kwambiri ndi wolowa m'malo wa Mbeki, Zama, ngakhale Nelson Mandela atakhumudwa pamene mdzukulu wake, Mandila Mandela, Kupita Kumkumbwe Kupita Kumkuntho Kwa 2009
English: Despite maintaining a low profile during the event due to ill health, Mandela made his final public appearance during the World Cup closing ceremony, where he received much applause
Chichewa: Ngakhale sanadziwike pamwambowu chifukwa cha matenda, Mandela adawonekera komaliza pamwambo wotseka chikho cha World Cup, pomwe adawomberedwa m'manja
English: Between 2005 and 2013, Mandela, and later his family, were embroiled in a series of legal disputes regarding money held in family trusts for the benefit of his descendants
Chichewa: Pakati pa zaka za 2005 ndi 2013, Mandela, ndipo kenako banja lake, adakangana pamilandu yokhudzana ndi ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa m'mabanja kuti zithandize mbadwa zake
English: In mid-2013, as Mandela was hospitalised for a lung infection in Pretoria, his descendants were involved in an intra-family legal dispute relating to the burial place of Mandela's children, and ultimately Mandela himself
Chichewa: Pakati pa chaka cha 2013, pamene Mandela adagonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo ku Pretoria, zidzukulu zake zidakhudzidwa ndi mkangano wamilandu pakati pa mabanja okhudzana ndi malo omwe anaikidwa ana a Mandela, ndipo pamapeto pake Mandela mwini
English: In February 2011, Mandela was briefly hospitalised with a respiratory infection, attracting international attention, before being re-admitted for a lung infection and gallstone removal in December 2012
Chichewa: Mu mwezi wa  February 2011, Mandela adagonekedwa m'chipatala ndi matenda opuma, zomwe zidakopa chidwi cha mayiko, asanalowetsedwenso chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo ndi kuchotsa ndulu mu December chaka cha 2012
English: After a successful medical procedure in early March 2013, his lung infection recurred and he was briefly hospitalised in Pretoria
Chichewa: Atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala koyambirira kwa march 2013, matenda ake am'mapapo adayambiranso ndipo adagonekedwa mchipatala ku Pretoria
English: In June 2013, his lung infection worsened and he was readmitted to a Pretoria hospital in serious condition
Chichewa: Mu June 2013, matenda ake a m'mapapo adakula ndipo adagonekedwanso m'chipatala cha Pretoria ali muvuto lalikulu
English: The Archbishop of Cape Town Thabo Makgoba visited Mandela at the hospital and prayed with Machel, while Zuma cancelled a trip to Mozambique to visit him the following day
Chichewa: Archbishop waku Cape Town Thabo Makgoba adayendera Mandela kuchipatalako ndikupemphera ndi Machel, pomwe Zuma adaletsa ulendo wopita ku Mozambique kuti akamucheze tsiku lotsatira
English: In September 2013, Mandela was discharged from hospital, although his condition remained unstable
Chichewa: Mu mwezi wa September chaka cha 2013, Mandela anatulutsidwa m’chipatala, ngakhale kuti matenda ake sanakhazikike.