L~~;~~u l EUROPEISKA GEMENSKAPERNAS.KOMMISSION 
~** 
Bryssel den 23.05.1995 
KOM(95) 216 slutlig 
MEDDELANDE FRÅN KOMMISSIONEN 
om införande av demolmdiska pinciper och mämkliga riiffigheter i avtal 
som • mellan gernemkapen och tredje land 
SAMMANF A TINING 
Promemoria om införande av demolmdiska principer och mämkliga rättigheter i avtal 
som ing=ti mellan gernemkapen och tredje land 
I detta dokwnent åberopas de gnmdläggande principer och hänvisningar som styrker 
gemenskapens ståndpunkt beträffande mänskliga rättigheter, betonas de avsevärda 
framsteg som sedan 1992 gjorts genom att det i de avtal som ingåtts mellan gemenskapen 
och tredjeland systematiskt införts en klausul enligt vilken mänskliga rättigheter definieras 
som en grundläggande princip i de avtalsmässiga förbindelserna mellan parterna samt 
utvärderas den praxis som följts de två senaste åren. 
slutsatserna lUlder D föreskriver en mekanism i avtalet vars syfte skall vara att göra 
gemenskapens förhållningssätt mera konsekvent och öppet för insyn samtidigt som 
vederbörlig hänsyn tas till tredje lands känslighet och till principen om icke­
diskriminering. I .dessa slutsatser föreskrivs det att följande i framtiden skall införas i alla 
utkast till förhandlingsdirektiv för gemenskapens avtal med tredje land: 
I ingressen 
-lämpliga hänvisningar till respekten för mänskliga rättigheter i allmänhet och till 
allmänt förekommande eller regionala instrument. 
I själva avtalstexten 
-en artikel X i vilken demokratiska principer och grundläggande mänskliga 
rättigheter definieras som en "väsentlig del" av avtalet, varvid dessa frågor blir 
föremål för gemensamt intresse och dialog och det blir möjligt för partema att 
i överensstämmelse med Wienkonventionen betrakta brott mot de mänskliga 
rättigheterna som "allvarligt avtalsbrott". 
-en artikel Y om lUlderlåtenhet att fullgöra sådana förpliktelser,vilken skiljer sig 
frän det förfarande som fastställs i Wienkonventionen (artikel 65) såtillvida att 
den gör det möjligt för parterna att i särskilt brådskande fall reagera med 
omedelbar verkan, 
I bilaga till avtalet 
två förklaringar med tolkningar av artikel Y i vilka uttrycken "särskilt brådskande 
fall" och "lämpliga åtgärder"definieras. 

. · IN1ROOUCI10N 
A comn1itrnent to rcspect, promotc and proteet humanrightsand demoeratic principles 
is a key element of the European Community's relations with third coillltries . 
lbesc issucs have been gradually incorporated into the Community's activities over a 
period of time through a series of commitments culminating in the insertion of explicit 
references to human rights and demoeratic principles in the body of the Union Treaty. 
To help it meet those commitments the Community has a broad range of instruments at 
its disposal, including Union intervention in international forums and specific operations 
airned at bolstering the rule of law and respect for human rights in the context of the 
Community's relations with non-member countries. Taking account of human rights in 
contractual relations with third countries is one of those instnunents. 
It is on this latter instrument that the commtmication focuses. 
5 
A. FUUNDATIONS AND REFERENCES 
Rcfercnces to human rights in agreemenis witl1 third r;Quntries are hascd on the positions 
the Community has taken by: 
subsenbing to univt.."fSal and regional instrwnc--nts and assuming rcsponsibility for 
promoting the principles of democrdCy, the rule of law and respect for human 
rights (paragraph 5 of the preamble to the Single European Act); 
making respect for, and promotion of, these principles one of the general 
objectives of Connnunity development cooperation policy (Union Treaty, Artide 
130U) and one of the objectives of the common foreign and security policy 
(Union Treaty, Artide Jl (2)); 
defining the n1ain componcnts of a hands-on strategy through its devclopmcnt 
cooperation policy ~md by inserting clauses on hwnan rights into economic and 
cooperation agreen1ents with third COWltries (Luxembourg Emopean Council's 
Declaration on Human Rights, J\Ule 1991, paragraph 11 ); 
jointly identifying guidelines appropriate to the different types of agreement: 
in its relations with developing colllltries, by adopting guidelines, procedures 
and practical meastrres and including clauses on human rights in its 
cooperation agreements (paragraph l O of the resolution on hwnan rights, 
democracy and development of the Cotu1cil and the Member States meeting 
within the Council, 28 November 1991 ); 
-in its relations with CSCE countries, by recognizing demoeratic principles and 
human rights as an essential element of its contractual relations with those 
countries by incorporating the appropriate provisions into the agreements 
concerned~ these provisions allow the Community to take action in cases of 
special urgcncy, including any failure to mcet the obligations deriving from the 
agrcement ( Cotmcil Declaration of 11 May 1992).1 
'Ibesc commitments as a whole are consistent with the opinions voiced by Partiament in 
its various hwnan-rights-related initiatives, including its annual resolutions on the world 
human rights situation. 
6326/92 (Press 710). 
6 
'The Commtmity's growing commitment to the promotion of human rights and demoeratic 
principles is reflected in the evolving nature of the references to these issues in the 
relevant agreements. 
I nitially they were mentioned either not at all or only in passing in the preamble of some 
agreements. The first reference in the body of a contradual document vvas in Artide 5 
of the fourth Lome Convention, conduded in December 1989. In this way the European 
Community and its Member States tangibly demonstrated their commitment to human 
rights in their relations with third countries. In the ensuing three years, this stance was 
contirmed as such references gradually began to appear in cooperation agreements, 
defming respect for demoeratic principles and human rights as one of the foundations of 
the parties' relations. 
However, Artide 5 of Lome IV and similar artides in other agreements do not provide 
a clear legal basis to suspend or denounce agrcements in cases of serious human rights 
violatians or intermptions of demoeratic process. 
lt is for this reason that a clause defming demoeratic principles and human rights as an 
"essential element" of the agreements with Brazil, the Andean Pact countries, the Baltic 
states and Albania was introduced in 1992 (see Annex 1-1). 
This is a substantial innovation, in that: 
it makes human rights the subject of common interest, part of the dialogue 
between the parties and an instrument for the implementation of positive 
measures, on a par with the other key provisions; 
i t enables the parties, where necessary, to tak: e restrictive measures in proportion 
to the gravity of the offence (see Annex 2). In the spirit of a positive approach, 
it is important that such measures should not only be based on objective and fair 
criteria, hut they should also be adapted to the variety of situations that can arise, 
the aim being to keep a dialogue going; 
In the selection and implementation of these measures it is crucial that the 
population should not be penalized for the behaviour of its govemment; 
7 
it allolvs the parties to regard serious and persistent human rights violations and 
serious intetruptions of demoeratic process as a "material breach" of the 
agreemcnt in Iine with the Vie:r.na Convention,2 constituting grounds for 
suspending the application of the agreement in whole or in part in i~nc with the 
procedural conditions laid down in Artide 65.3 The main wndition involves 
allo"'ing a period of thre--e n1onihs beP.:veen notification and suspension proper, 
except in "cases of special urgency", plw:; an additional period of grace if an 
amicable solution is being sought. 
In application of a General Affairs Council dec1aration, since May 1992 all agreements 
concluded with CSCE COWltries include an innovative provision in addition to the 
''essential element" clause. 
TI1is additional clause (see Annex 1-2) provides for an immediate response, diverging 
from the procedure laid down in Artide 65 of the Vienna Convention. l t takes one of two 
forms: 
an explicit suspension clause authorizing the suspension of the application of the 
agrcement in whole or in part "with immediate effect" in cases of serious breach 
of essential provisions; this, so-called "Baltic clause" was used only in the ftrst 
agrcements with the Baltic States, Albania and Slovenia; or 
a general non-execution clause known as the "Bulgarian clause" which provides 
for appropriate measures should the parties fail to meet their obligations, 
following a consultation procedure "except in cases of special urgency"; this 
clause was used in the agrcements with Romania, Bulgaria, the Russian 
Federation, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Moldavia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, 
Kazakhstan and Belarus. 
The difference between the two formulas resides in the degree of sensitivity allowed for. 
The "Baltic clause" is more severe in that it provides only for extreme cases warranting 
immediate suspension without consultation of any kind. The "Bulgarian clause" not only 
provides for a conciliation procedure and a range of different options but is also designed 
to keep the agrcement operational wherever possible. lt assetts that immediate suspension 
should be envisaged only in cases of special urgency. 
2 Vienna Convention, Artide 60(3): "A nmterial breach of a treaty, for the purposes 
of this Article, consists in: 
(a) a repudiation of the treaty not sanctioned by the present Convention; or 
(b) the violation of a provision essential to the accomplishment of the objective 
or pwpose of the treaty." 
Vienna Convention, Artide 60(1): "A material brcach of a bilateral treaty by one 
of the parties entitles the other party to invoke the breach as a ground for 
terminating the treaty or suspending its operation in who le or in part." 
8 
In January 1993, in response to the disparate nature of the references in the relevant 
agreements, the Commission, determined to adopt a non-discriminatmy approach, drafred 
guidelines onthese issues (Decision of 26 January 1993, MIN (93)1137, point XIV), 
stipulating that draft negotiating directives for association a~ments and economic 
cooperation agreements should incorporate the following: 
(a) in the body of the agreement: 
a clause specifying that relations between the Community and the country 
concemed and all provisions of the relevant agreement are based on respect for 
the demoeratic principles and human rights which inspire the domestic and 
extemal policies of the Community and the country concemed and which 
constitute essential elements of the agreement; 
(b) in die preamble: 
general references to respect for human rights and demoeratic values; 
references to the universal and/or regional instnunents common to both parties. 
An explicit suspension clause or a general non-execution clause may be included in 
specific cases. 
The main points of these guidelines featured in a letter from Mr Van den Broek to the 
Comci~ Partiament and the Member States. 
9 
C ASSIXSMENT' 
Although the Commission guidelines have been respected, the objective of a systematic 
approach has not yet been achieved. 
As regards the preamble, the practice of using different refercnccs depcnding on the 
regional location of the party conccnled, when not supplemented by universal refercnccs, 
can appcar to contradi<.,1. the principlc of universaJity; rcferenet.-s to the market economy 
in agrcements with OSCE countries create a different perspcctive having no direct 
connectionwith hoolall rights, a fact that could be prejudicial to the aim of consistency. 
References to hwnan rights and/or demoeratic principles as an essential element, although 
systematically included in all recent agreements of a general nature, 5 have been positioned 
different! y ( Artide l, Artide 6, etc.) depending on whether or not the agreements in 
question provide for political dialogue, and also supplemented with other references. 
The "Baltic" clause was last used in October 1992, since when the preferred fonnula has 
been the 11Bulgarian" clause, in some cases supplemented by one of two types of 
intetpretative declaration (see Annex 1-3): 
4 joint declarations (Amex l-4.i) in which the parties agree that a "case of special 
urgency" means a material breach of the agreement, i.e. the breach of an essential 
element of the agreement or repudiation of the agreement not sanctioned by the 
general rules of international law; 
unilateral declarations by the Community (e. g. the agreement concluded in July 
1993 with the Czech Republic, Annex I-3.i) that subsequently became bilateral 
declarations (for the first time in the agreement signed with Russia in June 1994, 
Annex I-3.ii); these rlfciarations emphasize the inclusion in the agreement of the 
"essential element" clause and the reference to "cases of special urgency" resulting 
from the Council Ileciaration of Il May 1992 on the Community's relatiom with 
its CSCE partners; 
See table in Annex 3 showing different types ofreferences to hwnan rightsand 
detn<X.Tatic princ.iples in the Community's agreements with third countries. 
In the casc of Turkey, a Decision of the Association Council of 6 March 
implemented the additional protocol to the association agreement of 1963, which 
entered into force in January 1973, and which provides for the creation of a 
customs union between the two parties within 22 years. 
10 
in the case of the partnership and cooperation agreement with Russia, a joint 
declaration (Annex 1.4.ii) in which the parties agree that the "appropriate 
measures" referred to in the non-execution clause mean measures taken in 
accordance with international law, and that when one party takes measures in 
cases of special urgency, the other may avail itself of the dispute settlement 
procedure. 
The use oftwo different fonnulas (the "Baltic" and "Bulgarian" clauses) in the same part 
of the world could be interpreted as a discriminatoty practice, putting the Commission 
in a difficult position in its negotiations with third countries. There is also a growing 
tendency to regain the margin of flcxibility lost in the clauses themselves through an 
increasingly varied range of interpretative declarations. 
Nevertheless, the innovative use of specific clauses in the main body of the agreements 
concluded with third countries places the European Community in the vanguard of the 
international community's endeavours in this field and highlights the paraHel importance 
of adopting a positive approach. 
This impact of this initiative has been positive in a nwnber of ways: 
(a) the additional clause initially intended for the OSCE countries has, at the 
Council' s behest, gradually been applied to other geographical areas, e. g. the Lome 
IV review, Morocco and Tunisia, South Korea and Nepal. 
(b) enshrining hwnan rights as an essential element of the Community's relations with 
third countries enhances cooperation and improves the visibility of its initiatives, 
many of which are entrusted to specialist organizations, such as the reinforcement 
of the rule of law, the consolidatian of the legal system, support for freedom of 
expression, the defence ofvulnerable groupsand support for the grassroots. 
(c) it has introduced a range ofrestrictive measures (see Annex 2) that is sufficiently 
broad to enable the parties to respond in a manner appropriate to the gravity of 
the case in question; to date, none of the agreements with an "essential element" 
clause, with or without an additional clause, has bad to be suspended in any way. 
Il 
D. CONa.IJSIONS 
The concern expressed by the European Parliament6 and the CounciF with rcgard to the 
issue of hmnan rights and the Community's contractual relations with third countries and 
the experience acquired in this area would suggest that there is a need for a nurnber of 
initiatives to irnprove the consistency, transparency and visibility of the Community 
approach and to make greater allowance for the sensitivity of third countries and the 
principle of non-discrimination. 
The following conclusions set out the basic references to hwnan rights and demoeratic 
principles. They provide for the following mechanism: 
In all new draft negotiating directives for Community agreements with third parties, the 
following should be included: 
6 
7 
8 (a) in the peantie: 
-general references to humanrightsand demoeratic values;8 
-references to universal and regional instruments common to both parties; 
(b) in the body of the agteemeiE 
l. Insertion of an Article X, defining the essential elements, to be adapted 
according to cirwmstances (e. g. OSCE membership, market eoonomic 
principles, etc.): 
Most recently in the Resolution of 12 April 1995 on the world hwnan rights · 
situation in 1993/94 and the Union's human rights policy (Rapporteur, Mr 
lmbeni): paragraphs 47, 62-65. 
This question was discussed in two meetin~ of the Extemal Relations Group 
(13 March and 24 April 1995), and was the only item on the agenda of the 
COREPER meeting of 27 April. 
'Ihe recitals could also mention the rule of law and good govemance and the 
Vienna hmnan rights conference of JWte 1993. 
12 
''Respect for the demoeratic principles and fundmzental human rights 
estab/ished by [the Universal DeclaraJion of Human Rights}l[the Helsinki Final 
A et and the Charter of Paris for a Neu' Europe] in...,pire . ..,· the domestic and 
ex tema/ fXJiicies l!f the Communi~y and qf [the country or gtvup qf counlrie.\· 
concemed} and constitutes an essenfial element of this agreement. " 
The same applies to the principles of market economy as they are defmed in 
the CSCE Bonn conference docwnent on economic cooperation.9 
2. Insertion of an Artide Y on non-execution: 
" If either Party considers that the other Party l1aY failed to fulfil an obligaion 
under this A gtt!ement, i t m~ take oppropria e measures. Before so doing, 
except in cases of special urgency, it s hall supp/y the Association Council 
with dl relevant infonnation required for a thorough examination of the 
situation with a view to seeking a solution a:ceptahle to the Parlies. 
In the selection of measures, priority mwt be given to those which /east 
disturb the functioning of this A greement. T hese measures s hall be notified 
immediately to the A ssociaion Council and s hall be the subject of 
consultations within the Association CoW1Cil if the other Parly so requests." 
3. lnsertion of interpretative declarations on Artide Y: 
"(a) The Parties ~e. for the pzupose of the cotrect inletpretation and 
pra:tical application of this Agreement, that the tenn "cases of specia 
urgency" in Article Y means a case of the material breoch of the Agreement 
by one of the Parties. A material breoch of the Agreement consis/s in: 
(i) n•pudiation of the A greement IWt sanctioned by the general ndes of 
international law; 
or 
(ii) violation of essenfial elements of the Agreement, name/y ils A rticle X. 
(b) The parties agree thai the "appropriate measures" refetred to in Article Y 
are measures taken in axordance with international law. If a party lakes a 
measure in a case of special urgency as prov ided for under A rticle Y, the other 
party may avail itself of the procedure relaing to settlement of disputes. " 
In the Commission' s opinion the application of this mechanism comeS within the ambit 
of respect for the principlc of proportionality between the breach cited and the degree of 
rcaction. Usc of the conccpt "special urgcncy" opens an option without crcating an 
obligation and it is in this context that it is for the parties to gauge what measures they 
should take. · 
This tnay entail building on the standard provisions on hwnan rights and demoeratic 
principles to strengthen or clarify the nature of the commitments involved, without 
9 This provision applies to all OSCE participants, and to other cotmtries at the discretion 
of the Cotmcil. 
13 
altering the legal scope of the text. The wording given for Artide X should featta 
mnong the first artides of the "Generell principl~" title, and i t should not be altered ( 
diluted hy inclw;ion in a more general provision. 
'Ibis Communication will be be adelressed to. the COWlCil and to Parliament. 
14 j l 
t 
ANNEX I 
standard woniing for clauses on hwnan tights 
and the relevant interpretctive declarations 
l. Essential element clause 
Artide X: [General principles or General/Political Dialogue] 
''Respect for the demoeratic principles and human rights established by [the Helsinki 
Final Act and the OJarter of Paris for a New Fmope] [~ weil ~ the principles of 
tnalket economy] [as defined at the Bonn CSCE conference] impires the domestic 
and extemal policies of the Commonity and of [thinl countJy] and comtitute an 
essential element of this agreement" 
2. Complementazy clause 
Artide Y: 
(a) explicit suspension or "Baltic" clause 
''lbe puties reseiVe the right to sitipend this Agreement in whole or input with 
immediate effect if a seriolfi breach of Us essential pmvisiom occiBS'' 
(b) general non-execution or "Bulgarian" clause 
'1f either Party comideJS that the other Party has failed to fulfil an obligation under 
this Agreement, it may 1ake appropriate measures. Before so doing, excep in ~es 
of special mgency, i t shall supply the Association Cotmeil with all relevant 
infonnation required for a thomugh examination of the situation with a view to 
seeking a solution accepable to the Patties. 
In the selection of meMures, priority mlfit be given to those wbicb l~t disturb the 
functioning of this Agreement 1bese ~ures shall be notified immediately to the 
Association Council and sball be the s.qect of comulmtiom within the Association 
Council if the other Party so reques1s. '' 
IS 
3. Gwerai intet})retative declamtians 
i. Unilateral declamtion by the European Conumnity (agreement with tbe G:ec 
Repäic, -ldy 1993) 
"The reference to the respect for hUlilall rights as an essential element of t h 
Agreement and to the cases of special urgency has been included in th 
Agreement as a result of the policy followed by the Community in the area o 
human rights pursuant to the Council Declaration of 11 May 1992 whid 
foresees such reference in the Cooperation or Association Agreements betwea 
the Community and its partners in the Conference on Security and Cooperatior 
in Europe." 
ii. .ilint declamtion (agreement with 1be Rmsian Fedeniion, cbte 1994) 
''lhe Parties dedare that die inci~Bion in the Agreement of the reference u 
mpect for human rigbas corwtituting an essendal element of the Agreemeu 
and to the cases of special mgency flows from 
* the Community's policy in the area of hwnan rigbts, in confonnity with tb 
Declaration of the Council of 11 lVIay 1992 whicb provides for the inclmioi 
of this reference in cooperation or association agreements between tb 
Commonity and its CSCE putners, as weil as 
* Rltisia's policy in tbis field aaJ 
* the 3Uachment of both Parties to the relevant obligsöom, arising in particula 
from the Helsinki Final Act and the OJarter of Paris for a New Europe." 
4. lnterpretative declaratioos accoDlPMYing a geneml non-execution clause 
i. Staodanl joint decbuanon 
'' The Parties agree, for the pwpose of the conect inteqn:tation and pmctical aRJiialtio• 
of this Agreement, tbat tbe tenn ''aties of special mgency" in Article Y means a case o 
the material breach of dte Agreement by one of the Panies. A material breach of th 
Agreement comists in: 
(i) repudiadon of the agreement not sanctioued by the genend rules of intemaDona 
law; 
or 
(ii) violation of essential elements of the Agreement, oamely ifs Article X. 
ii. Joint declamtion (agreement with the lbsian Fedemtion, hle 1994) 
''The parties agree that the '3ppropriate ID!8Sures'' refened to in Aröcle Y are measun: 
taken in ,acconlance with inremationallaw. If a puty takes a measure in a awe of speci; 
mgency • provided for under Article Y, tbe o1ber puty may avail imelf of tbe pocedm 
retating to settlement of disputes." 
l6 
ANNEX2 
Summary of measures that may be taken in response to serious human rights violations 
or serio~ intenuptions of demoaatic process: 
-alteration of the contents of cooperation programmes or the charmels used 
-reduction of cultural, scientific and technical cooperation programmes 
-postponement of a Joint Committee meeting 
suspension of high-level bilateral contacts 
-postponement of new projects 
-refusal to follow up partners initiatives 
-trade embargoes 
-suspension of anns sales, suspension of military cooperation 
-suspension of cooperation 
17 
.. 
ANNEXE 3.. 
JU!PERSJCF.S Al~ ntta~ Dfl L'l:ot:"":l'. ~ &'~., ') ;~\ PrJNClPES D!IIC~~:na~ 
- DllMS LBS t.CCO,lJ-3 C3i.1AYS TI!RS 
~27.4.98 
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Ac:cord.s de 23.()4.93 JOL.2S/1993 Caare de cooperation 
Cvt:hagCne ~ pays l c, x 
membres1 
AR GENTINB 02..04.95 JOl-29511990 Caare de caoQeraaon 0-z x 
BOLlVIE 03.02.93 JOL31311992 Cocoeradon x 
BRESrt 29.08.92 JOI_ 16311992 Coooeraaon x 
CHlLI 12.12.90 JOL79/1991 caare de caoceraticn e, x 
!STHME a:nm.."- 22..02.93 JOL Cooperation 
c~, x x 
amen=in~ 
MEXlQl:JE 17.10.91 JOL34011991 Cammerce,Oloperaaon 
ccmmen:iale et Os 
economiaue 
PAR.AGUAY 03.02.1992 Caare de cooperauon a, x JOL31311992 
URUGUAY 04.11.91 JOL94/1992 C.dnt de c:ooperaeian c, x 
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AS!Wr 10.08.80 JOL..t+C11980 Coopenaion Cz 
BA.NOLA.OESH 19.01.78 JOL31911978 Cooptltalion camrnercaae c, 
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MA CAO 31.12..92 JOL.4041199l Commen:eet o. x 
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Q.'JfM181ciaJe et Os x .... 
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Coaseil de 15.06.88 J0~989 Cooperatt on 
coopirlåoa pour les 
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AJ.GERJE 28.04.78 JOL.2S311978 Coopåtadon ~ 
EGYPTE 18.01.-n JOL.28611978 ~ ~ 
JORDANIE 18.01.-n JOL28811978 Ec:anomique et ~ . cornmerdal 
UBAN 03.g5.Tl JOL28711978 CoopetaUon s, 
27.04.78 JOL 2&4/1978 Cocoeratian C2 
SYRlE 18.01. TT JOL289/1978 Cooperation a~ 
TIJNISIE paracne Je 12.4.95 Asaodatfon x x 
2e.04.76 JOL.28el1978 Cooptitation B: 
E . rtl . tats~l CllJUts OSCE 
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economiaue 
BELARUS signa Je 6.03.95 Panenanat et A,,.2.2 x x x ccooeratfon 
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ESTONIE 31.12.94 JOL3731199S Ubre åchange A,2a3 x x 
21.12.92 JOL40311992 Commerce,caoperadon 
c:ommerciale at Aw x x 
bnomiaue 
ETATS BAL TES paracne te 12..4.95 AssacraUon x x 
HONGR1E sign8 Je16.12.9:1 AslodaUOn 
~...a JOL34711993 
28.09.88 JOL327/1988. ~caoptntion 
c:ommerciale et At .u . 
IC.AZAKHSTAH 23.01.94 JOI-319119&4 Pliilariat et A, ,u x x x . c:coaå'adon 
KIRGHIST~ 01.08.94 JOL-31911994 Partenariat et A, ,u x x x. on 
LETIONIE 31.12.94 JOL. 37~1995 Ubre ichange Au.3.• x· x 
21.12.92 JOL40311992 canmerce. c:ooperation 
' c:amrnerdale et A, ,u x x 
" • lJl'HUANJE 31.12.,9.4. JOL-37!11995 · Ubre tenange A. .u x x 
21.12.94 J0~992 Coal'll'lleiQt. c:oopr.auon 
COIIIJJa"daJe et A1.u x x -
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Rcferenccs to hwnan rights and democmtic principles 
in Commonity agreements with thinl coiDltrics 
KEY 
A. Regiold European framework 
l. The provisions and principles of the following should be full y implemented: 
(a) the Confercnce on Security and Coopcration in Europe (CSCE) 
(b) the Helsinki Final Act, the concluding documents of the l\1adrid a.H.d Vierma conferences 
(c) the closing docwnent of the Capenhagen meeting 
· (d) the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, particulart y in respect of the rule of law, dernocracy 
and human rights (l' rovember 1990) 
(e) the Bonn CSCE conference docwnent on economic cooperation 
2. Recognizing the importance of guaranteeing etlmic and national minority rights 
(a) in Iine with the commitments entered into in the context of the CSCE 
(b) and of establishing a system based on pluralism and free and demoeratic elections 
3. A ware of the importance of strengthening their demoeratic institutions and supporting the 
economic reform process 
4. Reference to the European Conventian on the Proteetian ofHwnan Rights and Fundamental 
Freedoms 
B. Attochment to the prin:iples of the United Nations Charter 
l. to demoeratic values and respect for human rights 
2. and wishing to express thcir mutual dcsirc to maintain and strengthcn their friendly relations 
on the basis of those principles 
C Attochment to the prirriples of eqwlity, freedom and jwice 
l. and asserting thcir shared wish to help initiate a new phase of economic cooperation and to 
facilitate the development of their respective human and material resources on the basis of 
those principles 
2. and asserting their shared wish to promate the development of their hwnan and physical 
resources in a context of freedom, equality and justice 
3. and emphasizing their sharcd attadunent to the promotion ofinternational economic relations 
based on freedom, equality, justice and progress 
D. Other references 
l. wclcoming the transfonnation of the country into a demoeratic and multiracia1 society and 
the importance attached to human rights 
2. recognizing that in the wake of recent political developments the country wishes to stabilize 
and consolidate dcmocracy and promate economic and social progress 
3. the importance attached by the parties to respect for the human rights, demoeratic principles 
and economic freedom that underpin this agrcement 
4. attachment to demoeratic values and respect for human rights 
5. whereas the main beneficiary of cooperation is man, and these rights should therefore be 
promoted · 
2/l