EUROOPAN YHTEISÖJEN KOMISSIO 
KOM(95) 47 lopull 
Bryssel, 22.02.1995 
1994 
VUOSIKERTOMUS 
HUMANITAARISESTA 
AVUSTA 
(komission esittämä) 

YHTEENVETO 
Vuosi 1994 oli ECHOn toinen täysi toimintavuosi. Koska kansainvälisten humanitaaristen 
kriisien määrä moninkertaistui ja ne pahenivat, komissio lisäsi humanitaariseen apuun 
tarkoitettuja varoja vuoden 1993 605 Mecusta reilusti yli 760 Mecuun vuonna 1994. Tällä 
kansainvälisen yhteisvastuullisuuden osoituksella avustettiin uhreja maailman 63 eri 
maassa seuraavilla alueilla: Afrikan, Karibian ja Tyynenmeren maat (AKT) (42,4 
prosenttia), entinen Jugoslavia (35,3 prosenttia), Itä-Eurooppa (0,4 prosenttia), entinen 
Neuvostoliitto (11,9 prosenttia), muu Aasia mukaan lukien Pohjois-Irak (6,3 prosenttia), 
Latinalainen Amerikka (2,8 prosenttia) ja Pohjois-Afrikka (0,5 prosenttia). 
Noin 85 prosenttia komission humanitaarisesta avusta pannaan täytäntöön suoraan 
kumppanien avustuksella ( 41,9 prosenttia muiden kuin hallitustenvälisten järjestöjen 
kautta, 32,7 prosenttia YK:n elinten kautta ja 8,2 prosenttia muiden kansainvälisten 
järjestöjen kautta). 150 kumppania on allekirjoittanut puitekumppanuussopimuksen (FPA), 
jota alettiin soveltaa vuoden 1993 syyskuussa. Ensimmäisen koeluonteisen vuoden jälkeen 
FPA:n on yleisesti katsottu tehostavan menestyksekkäästi suhteita kumppanien kanssa ja 
se on kohottanut toimintatehokkuutta. FPA:sta saadusta kokemuksesta kumppanien kanssa 
käytyjen hedelmällisten keskustelujen jälkeen järjestelmän odotetaan paranevan edelleen 
vuonna 1995. 
Humanitaarisen to1mmnan toimielinjärjestelmässä tapahtui kaksi tärkeää muutosta. 
Ensinnäkin vuoden 1994 heinäkuussa komissio toimitti budjettivallan käyttäjälle 
tiedonannon, jossa se sitoutuu ehdottamaan oikeudellista perustaa ECHOn harjoittamaa 
humanitaarista toimintaa koskevia budjettikohtia varten. Ehdotus tehdään vuoden 1995 
ensimmäisellä vuosipuoliskolla, ja siinä määritellään humanitaarinen toiminta, yhteen­
sovittaminen ja sen toteuttamiskeinot jäsenvaltioiden kanssa, kansainväliset järjestöt ja 
muut kuin hallitusten väliset järjestöt. Toiseksi kehitysyhteistyötä hoitavan pääosaston 
(DG VIII) ruoka-apuohjelmassa on yksilöity humanitaarisluonteisia ruoka-apuohjelmia 50 
Mecun arvosta. Komissio on päättänyt, että vuoden 1995 alusta alkaen ECHO huolehtii 
näistä lyhyen aikavälin toimenpiteistä. Molemmat yksiköt tekevät tiivistä yhteistyötä 
laajan elintarvikepulan uhatessa. 
Komissio on myös päättänyt lisätä yksiköiden välistä yhteensovittamista humanitaariseen 
apuun liittyvällä toisella erittäin tärkeällä alueella. Vuoden 1995 alusta alkaen komission 
kaikkia kolmansien maiden pakolaisiin, sisäiseen siirtoväestöön ja paluumuuttajiin 
kohdistuvia toimia, joiden kokonaisarvo on yhteensä 455 Mecua, yhteensovittaa pysyvä 
yksiköiden välinen ryhmä, jonka puheenjohtajana ECHO toimii ja johon kuuluu edustajia 
ulkosuhteita hoitavasta pääosastosta (DG I ja DG IA), kehitysyhteistyötä hoitavasta 
pääosastosta (DG VIII) ja pääsihteeristöstä (SG). Tällä ryhmällä on valtuudet valmistella 
kolmansien maiden pakolaisille, siirtoväestölle ja paluumuuttajille suunnattavaa apua 
koskevat kaikki komission päätökset ottamalla johdonmukaisesti huomioon kaikki seikat, 
jotka liittyvät avusta uuudelleensijoittamiseen/kehitykseen. Ryhmä auttaa komissiota myös 
määrittelemään yhteisen pakolaisstrategian. Lopuksi varapuheenjohtaja Marinin ja vuoden 
1993 joulukuussa YK:n pakolaisasian pääkomissaarin tehtäviä hoitaneen rouva Ogatan EU 
-UNHCR yhteensovittamisen edistämisestä pakolaisasioissa saavuttaman sopimuksen 
mukaisesti ryhmä valmistelee myös yhteisiä neuvotteluja UNHCR:n kanssa. 
Yhteydet Euroopan parlamentin ja komission humanitaarisen avun yksiköiden välillä ovat 
laajentuneet vuoden 1994 aikana. Euroopan parlamentissa ja sen valiokunnissa on 
2 
kiinnitetty erityistä huomiota kaikkiin kysymyksiin, jotka liittyvät humanitaarisia kriisejä 
koskevaan apuun, niiden seurantaan ja niiden torjuntaan. 
Komission vuodesta 1993 innostamia humanitaarista apua koskevia tiiviimpiä keskusteluja 
jäsenvaltioiden ja komission välillä on jatkettu vuonna 1994, jotta kaikki osapuolet 
ymmärtäisivät toimintaan liittyviä ja siihen liittymättömiä seikkoja paremmin. Maaseutuun 
ja alueisiin liittyvien aiheiden lisäksi jäsenvaltioiden ja ECHOn väliset keskustelut ovat 
koskeneet muita humanitaariseen toimintaan kiinteästi liittyviä aiheita, esimerkiksi 
katastrofivalmiutta, humanitaarista asemaa, arviointia, suhteita kansainvälisten järjestöjen 
kanssa, liikennettä ja materiaalitoimintoja. Edelleen suunnitteilla on lujittaa kolmansien 
maiden humanitaarista apua koskevien tietojen keskinäistä vaihtoa ensimmäisenä vaiheena 
toimivamman yhteistyön luomiseksi tulevaisuudessa. Kolme uutta jäsenvaltiota Itävalta, 
Suomi ja Ruotsi ottivat osaa keskustelujärjestelmään ensimmäistä kertaa vuonna 1994. 
UNHCR:n lisäksi komissio on kertomusvuoden aikana ponnistellut edelleen tehdäkseen 
tiiviimpää yhteistyötä muiden YK:n elinten kanssa. Sen jälkeen kun vuoden 1994 lopussa 
tehtiin sopimus ns. "audit"-sopimuksesta muille YK:n elimille on tarjoutunut mahdollisuus 
allekirjoittaa kumppanuuspuitesopimus UNHCR:n rinnalla. Toimintaan liittymättömien 
kysymysten osalta komissio on pitänyt yllä läheisiä suhteita YK:n järjestelmän eri 
osapuoliin, erityisesti humanitaarisia asioita hoitavaan osastoon. Tärkeimpiä horisontaalisia 
yhteistyöalueita ovat olleet katastrofeja koskevien tietojen vaihto, yhdistetyt 
humanitaariset vetoomukset, katastrofivalmius. 
Komission humanitaarinen yksikkö lujittaa edelleen suhteitaan vastaavia tehtäviä hoitavan 
Yhdysvaltain hallituksen yksiköiden kanssa. Yhdysvallat onkin toinen humanitaarisen 
avun suurimmista antajista kansainvälisellä tasolla. Nämä osapuolet vaihtavat tällä 
hetkellä tietoja kaikilla tasoilla ja tapaavat säännöllisesti keskustellakseen humanitaarisiin 
aputoimiin liittyvistä alueellisista ja maailmanlaajuisista aiheista. 
Yhteensovittamisen ja tehokkuuden parantamisen lisäksi ECHOlla on valtuudet parantaa 
kuvaa yhteisön humanitaarisesta avusta. ECHO suunnittelee tämän näkyvyyden 
toteuttamista yhdessä vakinaisten kumppaniensa, muiden kuin hallitusten välisten 
järjestöjen ja kansainvälisten järjestöjen kanssa. Useimmissa tapauksissa kyseinen 
yhteistyö on toiminut moitteettomasti, vaikka tietyille järjestöille on täytynyt säännöllisesti 
muistuttaa näiden sopimusvelvoitteista näkyvyyden suhteen. Vuonna 1994 on tuotettu 
lukuisia julkaisuja, jotka ovat saaneet suuren yleisön huomaamaan ECHOn työn. Tähän 
asti Madridissa, Berliinissä ja Zagrebissa on järjestetty tiiviissä yhteistyössä 
jäsenvaltioiden kanssa humanitaarisia tiedotustapahtumia EU:n humanitaarisen 
ulottuvuuden valottamiseksi. 
Vuoden 1994 aikana komissio käynnisti katastrofivalmiusohjelman. Ohjelman 
tarkoituksena on mahdollistaa se, että katastrofeille alttiit maat selviävät paremmin 
katastrofitilanteessa. Ohjelmaan kuuluu inhimillisten voimavarojen kehitystä, hallintoaja 
institutionaalista vahvistamista koskevia ja yhteisöperusteisia ohjelmia, joissa käytetään 
vähän kustannuksia aiheuttavaa tekniikkaa. Rahoitettavaksi on valittu 15 hanketta (arvo 
yhteensä 2,2 Mecua). Monenkeskeisellä tasolla YK:n humanitaarisia asioita hoitavalle 
osastolle on myönnetty 1, 1 Mecua luonnononnettomuuksien vähentämisen kansainvälistä 
vuosikymmentä (IDNDR) varten sekä sotilas-ja siviilipuolustusvarojen humanitaarisessa 
toiminnassa (MCDA) käyttöä koskevia tutkimuksia varten. 
3 
Oppiakseen menneistä kokemuksista ECHO on vuoden 1993 marraskuusta alkaen 
suorittanut 33 arviointia humanitaarisen toimicnan eri aloilla. Kaiken kaikkiaan 
humanitaariset kumppanit ovat suhtautuneet arviointeihin positiivisesti, ja ne pitävät niitä 
välineinä, jotka voivat auttaa kaikkia osapuolia parantamaan suoritustaan. Useimmissa 
arvioinneissa kumppanit ovat saaneet myönteisiä arvosteluja; jos ongelmia on esiintynyt, 
niistä on keskusteltu kumppanuushenkisesti. Arviointityön tehostamiseksi edelleen ECHO 
on laatinut arviointikäsikirjan. 
ECHO ei pysty millään mielekkäällä tavalla ennustamaan tai ohjelmoimaan humanitaarista 
toimintaa. Toimiston tehokkuuden paraneminen on kuitenkin johtanut suurempaan 
valmiuteen avustaa tulevissa hätätilanteissa. Tällä strategialla on valitettavasti 
rajoituksensa. Neljän viime vuoden aikana yhteisön humanitaarista apua on lisätty 
seitsenkertaisesti. Rahoituksen jatkuva ja päättymätön kasvu ei ole realistinen eikä 
tyydyttävä strategia~ torjuva strategia on ainoa hyväksyttävä vaihtoehto. 
Yhteisön tasolla torjuvan strategian soveltaminen edellyttää ensinnäkin sitä, että kaikkia 
humanitaarisen toiminnan aloja tarkastellaan (ts. torjunta, valmius ja tarvittaessa apu ja 
kuntoonpano ja niiden yhteydet pitkän aikavälin kehitykseen) ja että niistä tulee 
olennainen osa kaikista ulkopoliittisista aloitteista käsiteltäessä maailman katastrofialttiita 
alueita. Torjuviin strategioihin olisi myös kuuluttavat huolella suunnitellut ponnistelut 
katastrofien uhrien suojelemiseksi ja ennakoivan toiminnan kehittämiseksi olemalla yh­
teydessä tärkeimpiin päättäjiin. 
4 
/' 
CONTENTS-
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
2. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 
2.1 Legal Basis 
2.2 Transfer of "Humanitarian Food Aid" from DG VIII to ECHO 
2. FPAs 
3. HUMANITARIAN OPERATIONS DURING 1994 
3 .1 Statistical Overview 
3 .2 General Operational Problems Encountered 
3.3 Ex-Yugoslavia 
3 .4 ACP Countries 
3. 5 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 
3. 6. Eastem Europe 
3.7 Asia (including Northem Iraq) 
3.8 Middle East 
3.9 Latin America 
4. HORIZONTAL ACTIVITIES 
4.1 Information and Visibility 
4.2 Coordination/Cooperation with other Services, Organisations and Donors 
4.2.1 Inter-Service Coordination on Refugees, Intemally Displaced Persons 
and Retumees in Third Countries 
4.2.2 Member States 
4.2.3 European Parliament 
4.2.4 NGOs 
4.2.5 United Nations 
4.2.5.1. Implementing UN Agencies 
4.2.5.-2. Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA) 
4.2.6 United States 
4.3 Evaluation 
4. 4 Di saster Preparedness 
4. 5 Informatics 
5. FUTURE PLANS 
5. 1 Expected Future Emergencies 
5.2 Strategic Considerations 
1. ·EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
1994 was the second full year of operations för ECHO. Faced with the multiplication and 
aggravation of international humanitarian crises the Community increased resources for 
humanitarian relief from thc 605 MECU spcnt in 1993 to well ovcr 760 MECU in 1994. This 
effort of international solidarity went to relief of victims in 63 countries around the world in 
the following regions: African Caribbean and Pacific Countries (ACP) ( 42.4 per cent), the 
former Yugoslavia (3 5. 3 per cent), Eastern Europe ( 0 .4 per cent), the former Sovi et Union 
( l l.9 per ccnt), the rest of Asia including North Iraq (6.3 per cent), Latin America (2.8 per 
cent) and North Africa (0.5 per cent). 
Around 85 per cent of the Commission's humanitarian aid is directly implemented through 
partners (41.9 per cent through NGOs, 32.7 per cent through the UN agencies, and 8.2 per 
cent through other international organisations). 150 partners have signed the Framework 
Partnership Agreement (FPA) which became operational in September 1993. After the first 
trial year the FPA has been generally acclaimed as successfully streamlining relations with 
partners and has raised operational efficiency. Following a fruitful dialogue with partners in 
1994 on the lessons learned with the FPA, it is expected that the system will be further 
improved in 1995. 
Within the institutional framework for humanitarian operations two important changes took 
place. Firstly, in July 1994 the Commission sent a Communication to the budget authority in 
which it commits itself to propose a legal hasis for budget Iines used för humanitarian actions 
by ECHO. A proposal will be made in the first half of 1995 and will define the scope of 
humanitarian actions, coordination and means of doing so with Member States, International 
Organisations and Non-Govemmental Organisations (NGOs). Secondly, 50 MECU worth of 
food aid programmes of a humanitarian character have been identified within the food aid 
programme of the Directorate General for Development (DG VIII). The Commission has 
decided that with effect from the beginning of 1995 these short-term actions will be 
administered by ECHO. Massive onset food crises will be the subject of closer cooperation 
between the two services. 
The Commission has also decided to reinforce inter-service coordination in another area of 
major importance to humanitarian assistance. As from the beginning of 1995 all Commission 
actions in favour of refugees, intemally displaced persons and retumees in Third countries 
worth a total of 455 .MECU will be coordinated by a permanent inter-service group, currently 
chaired by ECHO, with representatives from the Directorates-General for External Affairs 
(DG I and DG ·1A), Directorate General for Dcvelopment (DG VIII) and the Sccretariat 
General (SG). This group is mandated to prepare ali Commission decisions on assistance to 
refugees, internally displaced persons and returnees in third countries in a coherent manner 
that considers ali aspects of the continuum from relief to resettlement/development. The· 
group will also help the Commission to define a common refugee strategy. Finally, in 
accordance with the agreement to boost EU-UNHCR coordination in refugee matters reached 
by Vice President Marin and Mrs Ogata, the High Commissioner for Refugees in December 
1993, the group will also prepare the common platform for negotiations with UNHCR. 
Contacts between the European Parliament and the humanitarian aid services of the 
Commission have grown during 1994. There has been a high level of attention within the 
European Parliament and its committees to ali issues related to relief, follow-up and 
prevention of humanitarian crises. 
The closer dialogue in the field of humanitarian aid between Member States and the 
Commission, instigated by the Council in 1993, has continued in 1994 to promote mutual 
understanding of operational and non-operational matters. In addition to country and regional 
issucs, discussions betwecn the Member States and ECHO have covered other relevant issues 
of humanitarian action, for cxamplc disastcr preparedncss, humanitarian dcgrce qualifications, 
evaluation, relations with international organisations, transport and logistics. Further steps are 
in hand to strengthen the mutual exchange of information on humanitarian aid in third 
countries as a first step towards more operational cooperation in the future. The three new 
Member States -Austria, Finland and Sweden -participated in the mechanism for dialogue 
for the first time in 1994. 
In addition to UNHCR, the Commission has aisa continued efforts during the reporting year 
to cooperate more closely with other UN agencies. Following an agreement at the end of 
1994 on the so-called "audit agreement", the way has been paved for other UN agencies to 
sign the Framework Partnership Agreement along with UNHCR. For as non-operational 
matters, the Commission has maintained close relations with various parts of the UN system, 
especially the Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA). Exchange of disaster information, 
consolidated humanitarian appeals, disaster preparedness have been among the most important 
horizontal areas for cooperation. · 
The humanitarian service of the Commission continues to strengthen relations with its 
counterparts within the US Government, the other major donor of humanitarian assistance on 
the international scene. The two parties now exchange information at ali levels and meet 
regularly to discuss regional or global issues related to humanitarian aid operations. 
Apart from improved coordination and efficiency ECHO has been mandated to give the 
Community's humanitarian aid a higher profile. lt is part of ECHO's strategy to create such 
visibility jointly with its regular partners, the NGOs and international organisations. In most 
cases this cooperation has worked well although certain organisations must be regularly 
reminded about their contractual obligations with regard to visibility. A number of 
publications have been produced in 1994 which have attracted public interest in the work of 
ECHO. In close cooperation with Member States, humanitarian media events to project the 
humanitarian dimension of the EU have so far been organised in Madrid, Berlin, and Zagreb. 
During 1994, a Disaster Preparedness Programme was launched by the Commission. The 
programme seeks to enable a selection of disaster-prone countries to cope better when a 
disaster strikes. Human resource development, management and institutional strengthening and 
community-based programmes using low-cost technology are ali part of the programme. 15 
projects (totalling 2.2 MECU) have becn selected for funding. At the multilateral level, 1.1 
MECU have been allocated to the UN Department of Humanitarian affairs for the 
International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) as well as for studies 
concerning the use of military and civil defence assets in humanitarian operations (MCDA). 
2 
In order to leam from past experience ECHO has carried out 33 evaluations of a wide 
selection of humanitarian actions since November 1993. On the whole, evaluations have been · 
received positively by humanitarian partners who consider them as an instrument that can help 
ali parties to improve their · performance. Most evaluations have resulted in positive reviews 
of partners; where problems have occurred these have been discussed in the spirit of 
partnership. To further streamline evaluation work, an evaluation m_anual is being drawn up 
i.n ECHO. . 
ECHO cannot predict or programme in any meaningful way humanitarian actions. But 
improvements in the efficiency of the Office have created a higher degree of readiness to 
assist in future crises. Unforturiately, this strategy has its limits. Dudng the past four years 
Community humanitarian aid has increased sevenfold. A continuous and open-ended growth 
in fundi~g is neither a realistic nor a satisfactory strategy; there is no acceptable alternative 
but a preventive strategy. 
At Community level preventive strategy first requires that all aspects of 'hum.anitarian 
continuum' are considered (i.e. prevention, preparedness and if necessary · relief and 
rehabilitation and their links with long-term development) and become a natural part of all 
foreign policy initiatives when dealing with disaster-prone regions of the world. Preventive 
strategies should also include carefully designed efforts to protect victims of conflicts and 
develop anticipated action through access to key decision makers. 
2. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 
2.1 · Legal-Hasis 
On 6 July 1994, the Commission adopted a communication to the budget authority concerning 
the legal hasis. It c,ommitted itself to propose the legal hasis for a number of Community 
budget Iines, för which no legal hasis so far ·exists, apart from the general budget 
authorization. 
The Commission thus intends to submit shortly a draft regulation covering ali budget Iines 
used by ECHO. In th~ "Statement by the Council and the Commission on humanitarian 
action" of November 25, 1994, the Council, in view , of the increasing importance of 
humanitarian aid, welcomed thi$ initiative .. This legal hasis should define the scope of 
huma.nitarian action, coordination as well as the conditions för cooperation between the 
Community, the Member States, the interilational and non-governmental organizations. The 
Council also underlined the importance of transparent and quick proced\ires as well as clear­
criteria with ·respect to cooperation witli NGOs in humanitarian assistance. 
3 
2.2 Transfer of "Humanitarian Food Aid" from DG VIII to ECHO 
Since its creation ECHO has been responsible for the budget line "emergency food aid" which 
until 1992 was administered by DG VIII/Food Aid Division. A certain part of the food aid. 
still administered by DG VIII could also be characterized as humanitarian in nature. So far 
a total of over 50 MECU worth of "humanitarian" food aid programmes have been identified. 
The specific criteria for the new division of labour is as follows: 
(a) food aid operations that are specifically humanitarian will be handled 
by ECHO~ 
(b) development-related food aid operations, structural aid, food-security 
projccts and other projects with a development component will be 
handled by DG VIII/Food Aid. 
(c) in the event of a serious food crisis, ora humanitarian crisis in which 
food is a major factor, ali Community food instruments will be 
coordinated in a single operation, with such coordination being 
provided by DG VIII/Food Aid Unit in food crises and by ECHO in 
humanitarian crises. 
(d) the two services will liaise permanently in order to max:1m1ze 
consistency and coordination and ensure as efficient and smooth a 
trans1tton as possible between humanitarian operations and 
rehabilitation or development projects. 
A Commission Communication to this effect was adopted in December 1994; the fine tuning 
of the transfer will begin in January 1995. 
2. FPAs 
Following the Commission's Communication of 5 May 1993 establishing the Framework 
Partnership Agreement (FPA), the new instrument became fully operational in September 
1993. To date, more than 150 NGOs and intemational organizations have signed this 
Agreement with the Commission (the full list of ECHO partners is shown in Annex 1). 
The FPA was conceived to deliver more efficient humanitarian operations, to speed up the 
procedures and to simplify the decision-making process. After a first trial period of more than 
one year, .there can be no doubt that the introduction of the FPA has contributed to better 
dialogue between ECHO and the partners. The FPA represents a clear improvement over the 
previous situation, allowing requests and projects to be handled in a more streamlined way. 
Implementation of the FPA has, however, revealed a number of areas where further 
4 
improvements may be necessary so as to promote a quicker and more flexible response to 
both natural and man-made disasters .. A certain number of problems have been raised by 
partners, in particular: delays in the processing of proposals~ details required for the 
submission of proposals; duration of projects; payment procedures and budget flexibility. 
These obseivations resulted in a series of consultation meetings between ECHO and the 
partners, the first on 7 June 1994 in Geneva at the initiative of the International Committee 
of the Red Cross. Two similar meetings were later organised by ECHO in July and October 
1994. ECHO has put forward certain proposals aiming at meeting key concerns of partners. 
A "dialogue" group of partners has tabled proposals too. This could result in a slight revision 
of the FP A system in the future. 
In parallel to this exercise, an independent evaluation of the functioning of the FPA confirmed 
that the system works by and large. Changes proposed in the evaluation study have in many 
cases been incorporated in the aforementioned proposals to the partners. 
3. HUMANITARIAN OPERATIONS DURING 1994 
3.1 Statistical Overview 
Throughout the year, the Commission responded to the pressing needs of victims of man­
made as well as natural disasters in around 70 countries across the globe involving 1002 
contracts of humanitarian aid för a total of 764 MECU (see Figure 1). The full geographical 
breakdown of operations during 1993 and 1994 is shown in Annex 2. 
The Commission's sources of finance in 1994 were the Community budget for a total of 501 
MECU including a reserve of 233 MECU, and the European Development Fund under the 
Lome IV Convention which contributed 263 MECU (see Figure 2 below as well as the 
breakdown of decisions by source of finance in Annex 3, Annex 4 and Annex 5). 
5 
-~-*** ., * •• * *M* * * *** Figure 1 
0 
FINANCIAL DECISIONS FOR HUMANITARIAN AIO BY REGION 
~ (65.4%) 
EX-YUGOSLAVIA,,.,,./ ------
(16.5%) 
I 
ACP 
NORTH AFRICA 
~0.5%) 
(42.4%) 
/ 
ACP -----··--------~ 
LATIN AMERICA 
J(/ 
lå:i~ NORTH AFRICA 
(l.7%)~--ASIA 
:-· (3.~%) ~-
(0.11/o) '--.._ IRAK 
l-5%) \ 
/ EASTERN EUROPE 
C.I.S 
(35.3%) EX-YUGOSLAVIA 
GLOBAL ~ 
(2f-!To)~_ LATIN AMERICA 
(2.9%) ~ IRAK 
(11.9%) ' 
7°(~_4•1, C.I.S. 
"' ASIA EASTERN EUROPE 
----------··- ----------------·----- ------- -----------------------
---w *** * •• ,.. *~* * * *** 
E C H 0 
::) 
() 
UJ 
2 1000 
800 
600 1 Detailed -Sreakdown of Financial Decisions by Source of Finance 1992 -1994 f 
IH 1D1993 
ifö 
1#1 1•1994 
1---------.J 
--·----·--
400 t::::::: 
I· 
0 
LOME IV LOME 111 Budget TOTAL Figure 2 
..c:, *** * •. * *M* * * *** 
· ~ 1990 
' O 1991 
! ~ 1992 
1 n 1993 
! ! 1994 t,/'J 
C: 
0 
~ -·----
Figure 3 
Total Humanitarian Assistance 1990 -1991 -1992 -1993 -1994 
300 amounts in ECU 
200 
100 
0 = 
1 43,222,500 0 
2,013,855 13,461,500 
11,368,642 21,526,340 
55,194,966 3,546,195 
91,131,833 4,777,000 '1 OTHER 
GOVNTS 
1,415,000 
0 
25,325,000 
10,400,000 
1,800,000 29,249,500 
87,685,529 
111,,;i46,577 
263,480,750 
254,763,605 UNITED NATION$ 
7,231,000 1,762,000 11,256,000 14,154,000 
4,778,000 i 3,652,400 1 46,524,500 33,244,000 
1,552,000 1 1,089,626 ; 122,843,166 36,80~.900 
7,354,697 ! 4,740,000 189,723,733 64,499,515 
5,697,079 ! 600,000 ~--198,725,139 50,085,603 
Around 85 per cent of the resources administered by ECHO are channelled through partners 
of which NGOs account for 41. 9 per cent, UN agencies for 3 2. 7 per cent and other 
intemational organisations for 8.2 per cent. Only around 14 per cent was executed as "direct 
actions" by the Commission, essentially in thc former Yugoslavia. It should be noted that 
even "direct actions" in most cases depend on NGOs (often local) who help with the 
distribution of aid in the field. It is important that the Commission through ECHO should 
have the capacity to carry out direct actions; but it must also be understood that thesc actions 
are only contcmplatcd whcn thc traditional partners cannot fully mect thc nccds of a given 
situation. 
An oveiview of the contracts awarded to partners during the period I 990-94 appears m 
Figure 3 above (the full table is shown in Annex 6). 
3.2 General Operational Problems Encountered 
Before looking geographically at the specific actions undertaken in 1994, it is worth dwelling 
on a few of the more important general problems encountered in the implementation of 
humanitarian aid during the reporting year. 
 Mobilization of partners. In the past it has often been a problem for the 
Commission to mobilize partners for certain disaster regions of the world. As 
a result ECHO has organized meetings with NGOs interested in operating in 
countries where there is a chronic, rather than a sudden, emergency situation. 
This seems to have worked particularly well in Iraq and in the Caucasus 
Region, allowing ECHO to establish overall balanced programmes. It is 
intended to organize similar meetings for the increasingly important Central 
Asian areas of the Former Soviet Union. 
 Logistical obstacles. In some cases ECHO encounters problems in getting aid 
to the final beneficiaries because humanitarian convoys are increasingly subject 
to security problems, are dependent on administrative authorizations on the 
ground, or are subject to unauthorised diversion ( e.g. ex-Yugoslavia and 
Angola). Another serious logistical bottleneck has arisen in several cases when 
field conditions and permanent conflicts prevent the organisation of land 
transport and ECHO has had to rely on more costly air transport (e.g. in 
certain operations in the Horn of Africa). 
 Cooperation with World Food Programme (WFP). A number of operational 
problems with the actions executed by the WFP have been discussed with this 
oi-ganisation during 1994. lt is expected that solutions can be found in the near 
future ·in order to meet the Community's reporting standards and expectations 
for transparency and fast deliveries of humanitarian assistance (see further 
4.2.5.1). 
 Visibility~ In spite of clear contractual obligations there has been a tendency 
for some partners not to give the Community the necessary visibility in joint 
operations. ECHO will make further efforts in 1995 to encourage non-
9 
complying partners to adhere to their obligations. 
 Coordination of partners. In order to introduce efficient coordination of the 
large numbers of partners (especially NGOs) that take part in certain 
Community-funded emergencies, ECHO has tried within the framework of 
certain of its "global plans", to give one partner a coordinating role. Due to 
non-acceptance by several partners, this approach has born little fruit. As an 
alternativc ECHO in thc summer of 1994 adopted a regional approach in 
Rwanda and channelled its financial contribution to the relief programmes for 
refugees and returnees through UNHCR which was given the task to 
coordinate and to identify relevant humanitarian partners. The success of this 
experiment was confirmed at an evaluation meeting of ECHO, UNHCR and 
NGOs in November 1994 even if NGOs have expressed some reserves about 
this approach. ECHO will continue to make any effort in order to contribute 
to strengthen the coordination mechanisms in the humanitarian aid. 
3.3 Ex-Yugoslavia 
Since the start of the contlict in 1991, the EU has given a total of ECU 954 million in 
humanitarian aid to the former Yugoslavia, broken down as follows: 
1991: 13 MECU 
1992: 277 MECU 
1993: 395 MECU 
1994: 269 MECU 
If bilateral Member State aid is added, the overall total is ECU 1.5 billion or 70% of ali 
international aid, making the EU the world's top donor in the region. 
ln 1993, humanitarian aid to ex-Yugoslavia came to 395 MECU or 63.4% of ali such 
assistance administered by ECHO that year1. This was divided between humanitarian agencies, 
with 38.5% going to non-governmental organizations, 18.7% to the UNHCR, 13.2% to the 
WFP, 4 o/o to other UN bodies, 10 % to the ICRC/IFRC, 9.9% for direct operations, and 5.7% 
to other bodies. 
This year the Commission approved eight decisions, worth 269 MECU, för humanitarian aid 
programmes for refugees and displaced people in the various republics (see Annex 7). 59 
MECU of this went to UN agencies. 30.8% of the total went on foodstuffs, 7.5% on 
toiletries, 18.5% on medical assistance, 19.9% on logistics, 3.0% on psycho-social 
programmes, 9.7% ori basic, emergency rehabilitation operations, and 10.6% on miscellaneous 
equipment. 
1993 annual report 
JO 
The fall in 1994 in Community spending on humanitarian assistance to the region is due to 
a number of factors. Firstly, the schedulc drawn up in Autumn 1993 (decisions of 22 October, 
16 November and 6 December totalling 175 MECU) .covered all food, health, medical, 
logistical and basic needs throughout former Yugoslavia until March 1994. Secondly, from 
April onwards, free access led to a resumption of commercial traffic and to the partial 
recovery of local economies. Thirdly, the number of people receiving humanitarian aid 
(displaced persons, rcfugees and the necdy) fell from 4.2 million to 2.2 million. 
To meet the needs of the 1994/95 winter, the Commission adopted a decision for an 156 
MECU humanitarian aid programme on 17 November, with the following priorities: 
extension of vital medical and health programmes; 
extension of psycho-social programmes, mainly through education and social 
resettlement schemes for those scarred by the conflict; 
supply of logistical means needed for the above programmes; 
continuation of support for basic emergency rehabilitation activities. 
This latest decision earmarks 89.5 MECU (57%) for Bosnia-Herzegovina. A further 45 
MECU will go to the UNHCR to enable it to continue with the above programmes ( covering 
basic necessities, logistics, health care and shelter). Croatia will receive 19. 5% of the aid 
total, Serbia-Montenegro 17%, Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia (FYROM) 5.8% 
and Slovenia 0.1 %. 
In Croatia, the European Community Task Force (ECTF), set up by the Birmingham 
European Council in December 1992 and based in Zagreb, continues to coordinate EU aid and 
provide logistical support to bodies working in the field, the UNHCR and NGOs. 
In Serbia-Montenegro, ECHO-Belgrade is responsible for administering and monitoring EU­
sponsored operations and för overseeing the direct aid for refugees staying in family homes, 
displaced persons and people in need of social help. 
In Bosnia-Herzegovina 50.1 % of the aid granted went on vital programmes targeted at 
besieged· communities in the enclaves of Sarajevo, Zenica, Tuzla, Bihac and Banja Luka. The 
Commission also supported the activities of the International Management Group (IMG) with 
financing for basic emergency rehabilitation projects (water, electricity and shelter) in Mostar, 
Sarajevo and other parts of the republic, which are vital for a retum to normal life. 
Overall, therefote, the need for humanitarian aid in the former Yugoslavia eased this year 
despite continuing un·certainty about the future of the conflict. 
11 
3.4 ACP Countries 
In 1993, I 00 MECU was granted for humanitarian assistance programmes in over 25 
countries. The 1994 figure for Africa was 324 MECU or 42.4 % of the total for the whole 
ACP. Over 263 MECU was committed under Article 254 of the Fourth Lome Convention2, 
while the rest came from budget article B7-5000 for activities in Somalia, Haiti, Angola, 
Sudan and for people from Rwanda and Burundi. 
The year saw the adoption by the Commission of eight general humanitarian assistance 
"global" plans to help tackle the crisis in Burundi and Rwanda, the wars in Angola and 
Sudan, and hardship in Zaire and Haiti. 
In Angola, an 18 MECU pian for the six months from February to August gave support to 
the programmes of around twenty NGOs, the ICRC, the UNHCR and the WFP. As an 
extension to this global pian, a financial decision of 6 MECU was approved by the 
Commission in November. 
In Sudan, a 17 MECU pian was launched for a six-month period (April to October) for 
displaced people in the south of the country and Sudanese refugees in Uganda. 16 NGOs, the 
UNHCR, UNICEF and the IFRC were involved in the programme. In December, a further 
8 MECU was directed towards the same target population. 
In Zaire, a 6 MECU pian was adopted by the Commission in July to cover the basic needs 
of displaced people in Shaba, Kasai and North Kivu, also for a six-month period. 
A number of humanitarian aid plans were adopted for Burundi before the crisis of 6 April 
to which Commission responded with the following regional pian: 
13. 5 MECU was given for Burundi refugees in neighbouring countries following 
the 18.3 MECU general pian approved in December last year. The plan went to 
support the activities of ten NGOs, the WFP, UNICEF and the UNHCR between 
mid-February and April 6. 
A general 14 MECU pian was approved for displaced persons and returnees from 
Burundi, covering the six months from mid-March. Those partners who requested 
extensions for their activities are still being covered by the pian. 
8 MECU went to nine NGOs to cover the needs of 350 000 displaced Rwandans 
in the north of Rwanda for the six months from mid-February to mid-August. The 
programmes involved had to be suspended on 6 April but have all since been re­
targeted. 
On 6 April, a regional approach was adopted by ECHO to meet the considerable need for 
assistance provoked by large-scale and rapid population movements at the start of thc 
Of the amount of 263 MECU, 12 MECU was transferred in the fonn of an advance in July 1994 
from art. 255 of the Fourth Lome Convention in favour of victims of the crisis in Rwanda. 
12 
Rwandan crisis. In a bid for more effective and coordinated action, ECHO adopted a flexiblc 
regional pian. It gave the UNHCR responsibility for identifying and coordinating humanitarian 
programmes for refugees and displaced people in neighbouring Tanzania, Burundi, Zaire and 
Uganda. Since adoption, 167. 5 MECU has gone to people in need under this approach. 
In Haiti, the Commission's latest humanitarian assistance pian this year is designed to provide 
an all-round response to the most pressing needs faced by vulnerable groups . The six-month 
pian has provided 12 MECU for medical, food and health programmes. 
In addition to these integrated programmes and despite the fact that the lion's share of funds 
went to the Rwanda and Burundi crisis, ECHO managed to support assistance programmes 
in over 25 countries (see Annex 2). Included were the repatriation of refugees in Eritrea, a 
project to help displaced persons in Ghana, a campaign against cholera epidemics in Guinea, 
Guinea Bissau and Chad, assistance for displaced and refugee Somalis in Kenya, 
programmes to combat drought in Chad and Tanzania, help for Touareg people in Mali, a 
scheme in Papua New Guinea, and aid for Ghanaian refugees in Togo and displaced groups 
in Nigeria. 
Liberia and Somalia were also the targets for aid. In Liberia, ECHO gave 7.4 MECU for 
medical, health and water distribution programmes to meet the needs of over a million people 
affected by the civil war. Finance was given for operations to help Liberian refugees in 
Guinea and Cöte d'lvoire. 
In Somalia, ECHO gave a further 8.3 MECU despite the worsening conditions in which 
NGOs have to operate. ECHO has attempted to maintain a skeleton presence in the country 
to counter the famine and epidemics which could re-emerge if fighting resumes. · 
The 324 MECU given to the ACP in humanitarian aid this year was three times the 100 
MECU granted in 1993. More than 65% of this, or ECU 218 million, went to refugees, 
returnees and displaced people from Rwanda and Burundi. This brings the total of aid given 
to the region since the start of the Burundi crisis on 21 October last year to ECU 248.4 
million (see Annex 9). 
The new form of cooperation and partnership instigated during the Rwandan crisis between 
ECHO, the UNHCR and NGOs working in the field has generally been judged to he effective. 
Cooperation and coordination of this type could be the key in any future operations to deal 
with such large-scale sudden-onset emergencies. 
Another regional operation was undertaken in East Africa (Somalia, Southern Sudan and 
Rwanda) where many ECHO-funded projects necessitating air transport were runnning 
simultaneously. · The ECHO FLIGHT air transport system, based in Kenya, was created 
in 1994 as an economically sound alternative by exploiting economies-of-scale, and as an 
effective service in the field for both goods and personnel. As a resuit of ECHO FLIGHT, 
the cost of EU-funded humanitarian air transport in the region has dropped by 36 per cent 
since the system was created. 
13 
3.5 Commonwcalth of lndependent States 
During 1994, the members of the Commonwealth of Independent States were fortunately less 
plagued by internal and neighbouring conflicts than in 1993, t:ven ifthe underlying causes had 
not been settled. This relative calm, however, showed up the more basic humanitarian needs 
that had been neglected in the past due to other pressures, so that the total aid granted to the 
CIS at just over 90 MECU showed an increase of 76 % compared with the 1993 figure of 
51.3 MECU. 
The Commission's humanitarian assistance to the CIS continued to be concentrated on its 
activities in the three countries of the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia), 
which together received 55.5 MECU, compared to 34.4 MECU in 1993. This increase in 
volume is ali the more remarkable, given the difficulties of transport both to and inside the 
region. Much of this aid was concentrated on medical assistance, but each of the three 
countries benefitted from the special food aid programme for the Caucasus and Central Asia 
administered by ECHO. 
Out of the Commission's 204 MECU programme covering Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, 
Kyrghyzstan, Moldova and Tajikistan, the Commission humanitarian component amounted 
to 35 MECU. The Southern Caucasus countries received together 19 MECU (included in 
above-mentioned 55.5 MECU for the region) while contributions were also made to each of 
the other three above-mentioned countries of Kyrghyzstan, Moldova and Tajikistan. 
Kyrghyzstan and Tajikistan pose special problems for supplying aid in quantity because of 
the weather conditions during much of the year. Equally, it is only recently that the 
Commission's humanitarian partners have begun to operate in Kyrghyzstan. 
The Humanitarian Office was also active in Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. 
In these three countries, the emphasis was on alleviating the effects of the Chernobyl disaster, 
which is now showing up in increasing numbers of thyroid cancer cases and the need for 
specialist medical monitoring and care. Emergency assistance was also given to Ukraine to 
combat an outbreak of cholera. 
Another thematic approach was applied to the problem of basic vaccinations in the CIS, since 
these had largely fallen into abeyance with the disintegration .of the former Sovi et Union. As 
part of an overall pian drawn up by the WHO and UNICEF, ECHO contributed to vaccination 
campaigns in the Southern Caucasus, Belarus and Ukraine. 
At the end of the year, a contribution was made to the International Committee of the Red 
Cross to bring relief to those suffering from fighting in the Autonomous Republic of 
Chechnya, Russian Federation, and it was expected that this aid would be increased during 
early 1995. 
3.6 Eastern Europe 
In Eastern Europe, assistance of medical and basic supplies was given to Albania, together 
with an emergency programme following an outbreak of cholera, while consideration was also 
being given to basic medical aid in Bulgaria. 
/4 
3. 7 Asia (including Northern Iraq) 
In Asia humanitarian aid continues to be dominated by the problems of Afghanistan and Iraq. 
Even if other assistance was available to Afghanistan from different budgetary Iines of the 
Commission ECHO contributed over 12 MECU to aid the plight of the refugees and those 
in some _of the areas still wrecked by civil war. Much of this aid has of course been medical 
but many areas are extremely difficult to reach without putting our partners at unacceptable 
persona} risk. This is unfortunately particularly true in the areas of greatest urgent need, as 
around Kabul where large-scale fighting continues. 
In Iraq the Commission continued to be by far the largest provider of assistance . The total 
for the year was 22.5 MECU, slightly more than in 1993. In the North there was a slight 
adjustment in the type of aid given with fuel for cooking and heating no longer being 
provided and certain projects aimed at restoring agricultural production being supported. 
Despite this, it was still necessary to maintain food to many of the most vulnerable groups 
in the North. The Commission continued its programme of support in the Marsh areas of the 
South and under strictly controlled conditions overseen by the Dutch Red Cross, gave 
assistance to some of the most needy in the Government controlled areas. Access to the 
North, already cut off from the South by the Baghdad government imposed embargo, was at 
times made even more difficult by Turkish controls in the South-East of their country. 
Apart from these two major areas of humanitarian need Asia continued to have its share of 
natural disasters from flooding and volcanoes together with the aftermath of civil strife. This 
led to actions in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and 
Vietnam. · 
3.8 Middle East 
1n this region Commission's humanitarian service continued to play a role in aiding the 
Occupied and Autonomous Territories, including the nascent Palestinian Administration. 
A total of 4. 7 MECU was granted, split almost equally between food and medical aid. 
The Humanitarian Office was also active in helping with the after effects of the fighting in 
Yemen and assisted the Sahraoui and Tuareg refugees in Algeria. Natural disasters such as 
earthquakes and the destruction of vast areas led to emergency assistance to Algeria and 
Egypt. 
3.9 Latin America 
In Latin America the main beneficiary of humanitarian aid continued to be Cuba which 
received a total of 14 MECU. If the neuroptic disease identified in 1993 had been largely 
contained, the general situation in Cuba remained such that there is an ongoing need for 
medical and food aid. The continuing relatively large programme for this country means that 
it was essential to ensure that our chosen partners could operate without the governmental 
influence traditionally felt in all aspects of Cuban life. The necessary negotiations delayed 
the start of part of the programme but nevertheless ensured that with the appropriate controls, 
15 
the programme is now being implemented as intended. 
Elsewhere in the region the Commission assisted refugees in Central America and the 
victims of the uprising in Mexico, but the majority of the actions amounted to standard 
humanitarian responses to disasters by assisting with ongoing basic needs. The Commission 
actively supported humanitarian programmes in Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Peru 
and El Salvador. 
4. HORIZONT AL ACTIVITIES 
4.1 Information and Visibility 
Information about European Commission Humanitarian Aid, both as part of public awareness 
as well as transparency, is now a well established part of its opcrations. While one expects 
that a major donor like the EU should receive a high profile that is commensurate with its 
contribution, visibility cannot and will not be a conditioning factor to determine humanitarian 
aid in any emergency situation. In keeping with this philosophy ECHO has extended its public 
information role through the press and the audio-visual media. 
Press releases for every single allocation are now standard practice. 
The list of publications included the Annual Report, the quarterly newsletter (ECHO News}, 
regional background reports on a specific humanitarian crisis (ECHO Files) and an 
assortment of brochures and leaflets on different aspects of our humanitarian operations. 
A start has been made in producing publications and audio-visuals jointly with operating 
partners within the field of humanitarian aid. The International Committee of the Red Cross 
provides a good example of such cooperation in pubiic information. However, the 
Commission still has some way to go on this road. In order to obtain the full impact of the 
humanitarian response of the EU, ECHO is working to establish a network of information and 
visibility in much closer cooperation with the public relations departments of its NGO 
partners. 
The Meinber States have also played a role in the projection of the EU humanitarian 
dimension. Presentation of humanitarian operations through media events, were organised in 
Madrid, Berlin and Zagreb, with the patronage of the highest authorities. The inclusion of 
the 'Humanitarian Day' in Berlin in the events of the German Presidency set a good precedent 
to be followed in the coming Presidencies with events in Paris and Barcelona. 
In recognition of the· important role played by the Commission's humanitarian partners in 
generating visibility för operations in the field, clear ground rules have been established in 
the Framework Partnership Agreement. In spite of clear contractual obligations there has been 
a tendency for some partners not to give the Community the necessary visibility in joint 
operations. ECHO will make further efforts in 1995 to encourage non-complying partners to 
adhere to their obligations. 
16 
4.2 Coordination/Cooperation with other Services, Organisations and 
Donors 
4.2.1 Inter-Service Coordination on Refugees, Internally Displaced Persons and 
Returnees in Third Countries 
Humanitarian aid actions financed by the Commission are subject to an internal consultation 
procedure whereby ali relevant services are heard before a final decision is taken. Within a 
particular area, however, that of refugees, internally displaced persons and returnees, a special 
need for a more intense type of cooperation was identified at the end of 1993. 
When Vice-President Marin and Mrs Ogata signed the first Framework Partnership Agreement 
for humanitarian aid on 13th December 1993 in Brussels both parties agreed to establish a 
Joint High-Level Group in order to coordinate the UNHCR and EC actions and strategies. 
To assure, in its dealings with the UNHCR, a single position and a single policy for aid to 
refugees outside the European Community, the Commission subsequently established a High­
Level Inter-Service Group with participation of DG I and DG VIII under the chairmanship 
of ECHO. The mandate of the Inter-Service Group was to : 
o establish a coherent Community approach embracing ali available EU 
instruments; o o 
o define a common strategy; and 
o establish common ways and means for working more closely with the UNHCR 
within the field of refugees, retumees and displaced persons. 
As a result of the Group's work, a Communication on the Coordination of Aid towards 
Refugees, Intemally Displaced Persons and Retumees in Third Countries was adopted on 25 
November 1994. The Communication calls för the following measures : 
o the creation of a Permanent Inter-Service Group (PISG), comprising DG I 
N/S, DG VIII/Food Aid, DG VIII/Refugees, Secretariat General and DG IA 
under the chairmanship of ECHO, with the aim of supporting, in a more 
coherent manner, the whole "refugee continuum" (from short-term to long-term 
assistance) and encouraging preventive actions in third countries; 
o the mandate of the PISG will include: 
preparation of the Commission's decisions on assistance to 
refugees, displaced persons and retumees in third countries~ 
reflection on future need for assistance and preventive actions 
17 
towards refugees, displaced persons and returnees in third 
countries, including the examination of a future common 
Commission policy in this area~ 
coordination of the Commission's actions within the field of 
assistance towards refugees, displaced persons and returnees in 
third countries with UNHCR and other international 
organisations. 
preparation of proposals relating to a more coherent legal hasis 
for aid to refugees, internally displaced persons and r~turnees 
by rearranging budget Iines or adapting existing budget Iines. 
Subsequently, the PISG has adoptcd Implementing Rules and set up a database that will make 
it easier to follow ali Commission actions towards refugees, internally displaced persons and 
returnees in a given area. The new database system is also designed to record linkages 
between actions of different services with a view to facilitate coherence and follow-up along 
the "refugee continuum". 
The importance of the PISG in coordinating Commission actions towards refugees, internally 
displaced persons and returnees in Third countries was further underlined at the end of 1994 
when new estimates showed that these actions totalled around 450 MECU for that year. 
' 
4.2.2 Member States 
In May 1993 the Council inaugurated a new mechanism of dialogue between Member States 
and ECHO on the humanitarian action of the Union. In 1994 this dialogue, based essentially 
on quarterly meetings to debate humanitarian aid issues across the board, got into full stride. 
At the heart of such meetings were factual reviews, based on extensive documentation, of 
situations in individual countries or regions where the Union and its Member States are 
extensively engaged in humanitarian aid operations. While not formally speaking a 
coordination mechanism, this form of dialogue has enabled Member States and ECHO to 
obtain a more thorough understanding of what each is doing, where and how. 
In addition to the country and regional discussions, dialogue between Member States and 
ECHO lias covered a number of other relevant issues of humanitarian action, för example 
disaster preparedness, humanitarian degree qualifications, evaluation, relations with 
international organisations, transports and logistics. 
Additionally Member States and ECHO came together on a number of occasions in ad hoe 
meetings to discuss action in specific major theatres of operation such as northem Iraq, ex­
Yugoslavia, Rwanda; Haiti etc. 
The four prospective new Member states -Austria, Finland, Sweden and Norway 
participated in the mechanism for dialogue for the first time during the summer. 
More systematic information is being compiled on the details of Member States' humanitarian 
aid policies and programmes based on a questionnaire. 
18 
For a number of years now reporting on humanitarian aid actions has been promoted through 
what is known internationally as the "Fourteen-point telex" system. ECHO has introduced 
some refinements to this system which is progressively becoming the backbone for 
information exchange within the Union. 
4.2.3 European Parliament 
Traditionally humanitarian aid has been assimilated by and large into the development sphere 
as concerns the political and technical attention devoted to it by the European Parliament. 
Hence it has been primarily the Development Committee of Parliament that has provided the 
forum for debate on humanitarian issues. Considerable attention to humanitarian matters has 
also been a feature of the Joint ACP-EC Assembly and of the Committee for External Affairs, 
Security and Defence and the Sub-Committee on Human Rights. The Commission has eagerly 
seized several occasions during the year to present its humanitarian policies and actions before 
Parliamen~ to reply to questions and to debate, particularly before the Development 
Committee. Parliament has not been in a position to stage a full-scale debate on the 
humanitarian action of the Union during a plenary session. 
Following the elections in May which brought into Parliament a number of new MEPs with 
pronounced interests in humanitarian aid, a new Intergroup on preventive diplomacy and 
humanitarian action was created. This forum, which attracted broad cross-party support, 
promises to introduce new dimensions into Parliament's monitoring and appreciation of the 
humanitarian work of the Union. One of the initiatives taken by this forum is to promote the 
creation of a "Humanitarian Observatory" which is intended to give Parliament and the 
European Union as a whole a better possibility to predict and act on emerging crises. 
4.2.4 NGOs 
The basic statistics of ECHO for 1994 tel1 their own story about the partnership principle that 
lies at the heart of ECHO's operations; of the total volume of humanitarian funding managed 
by ECHO during 1994 on behalf ofthe Union, 41.9% was contracted with non-governmental 
organisations (NGOs). 
Altogether during 1994, 548 contracts were signed with a total of 147 NGOs för humanitarian 
aid projects in 63 countries. 
1994 ushered in the first full year of operations with partners using the Framework 
Partnership Agreement, initiated in May and operational from September 1993. By the end 
of 1994 a total of 150 partners had signed the FPA, among them 144 NGOs. 
From early on it was recognised by ali concerned, by ECHO as well as by its partners, that 
the working of the FPA during its first year would involve some measure of trial and error 
and that an early review of its functioning would make sense (see above 2). The conclusions 
to be drawn from this review exercise are currently being studied. 
19 
Numerous opportunities arose during the year for consultation between ECHO, NGOs and 
other partners over present and prospective field operations. In global plans for ACP countries 
and elsewhere such consultations did much to promote a more rational use of scarce human 
and material resources. 
Dialogue with NGOs has not been restricted to operations. There have been occasions during 
the year when the Commission has been able to talk with NGOs on broader issues of mutual 
concern. Various national NGO platforms also provided welcome opportunities for frank and 
constructive debate. At Easter the symposium run by the Brusscls-based NGO Liaison 
Committee on "Conflict, development and military intervention" further fuelled a sharpening 
debate within the international humanitarian community, heightened by the complex of issues 
over prevention. 
4.2.5 
4.2.5.1 United Nations 
Implementing UN Agencies 
The traditionally good relationships between the European Commission and the implementing 
UN agencies within the field of humanitarian assistance received a boost at the end of 1993 
when the Commission signed the first Framework Partnership Agreement (FPA) with 
UNHCR. Unfortunately, when other UN agencies like WFP, UNICEF and WHO wanted to 
sign the agreement during 1994, this moved was blocked within the UN Secretariat in New 
York where there were problems in accepting the "audit clause" (art. 28) of the FPA which 
stipulates that the Commission always has the right to request a financial report on activities 
it finances and to pay a field visit to these activities. Meanwhile, showing the flexible 
approach of the Community, the various aid services of the Commission (including ECHO) 
were allowed, on a temporary hasis, to finance operations with the UN. 
Following negotiations between the UN and Community during 1994, a compromise accepting 
the "audit clause" subject to certain clarifications has been approved by both parties. The 
compromise will open the way for other UN agencies to sign the FPA. 
A number of UN agencies have been involved in the implementation of humanitarian 
assistance financed by the Commission and are regarded as close partners. As shown in 
Figure 4 and Annex 8 below, contracts with UN agencies have grown fast both in absolute 
and in relative terms. Whereas contracts with UN partners amounted to 10 per cent of the 
total in I 990, this amount increased to 32. 7 per cent in 1994. Consequently, the UN family 
as a whole is at the moment the Commission's most important partner after the NGOs (41.9 
per cent) within the field of humanitarian aid. 
Among the UN partners, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 
is particularly important. In 1993 this agency was allocated 87 MECU, 15 per cent of all 
humanitarian contracts. The bulk of this amount was spent on humanitarian assistance to ex­
Yugoslavia during 1993. In 1994, the funds allocated to UNHCR amounted to 141 :MECU, 
23.2 per cent of all humanitarian contracts, of which, 79.8 MECU directed to the victims of 
the Rwandan crisis (equivalent to 48 per cent of all UNHCR funds for the crisis). 
20 
Among other actions carried out by the UNHCR with Community funding one should 
mention assistance to the victims of the conflicts in Sudan, Togo, Somalia, Angola, 
Azerbaijan, Ex-Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Mauritania, Algeria and 
Russia. 
The Commission maintains an excellent relationship with UNHCR officials at all levels. This 
special relationship has been institutionalized in that the Commission and UNHCR have 
agreed to establish a Joint High-Level Group in order to coordinate UNHCR and EC actions 
and strategies (see 4.2.1). 
The second most important partner within the UN agencies is the World Food Programme 
(WFP). The total amount routed through the WFP came to 43 MECU in 1994. This 
corresponds to 7.1 per cent of the total humanitarian contracts financed by the Commission 
in 1994. Commission operations (through ECHO) with the WFP have been used to finance 
emergency food aid operations, mainly for the Rwandan/Burundi crisis, the former 
Yugoslavia, but also in Angola, Sudan, Laos, Tajikistan and Ghana. 
A number of operational problems with WFP-executed actions have been discussed with WFP 
throughout 1994. The problems often concem delays in delivery of food in emergency 
situations and insufficient transparency with regard to WFP purchasing and delivery 
procedures. As a result some improvements have been made with regard· to WFP's reporting 
for certain types of operations and further improvements are expected in the future. 
Following the compromise on the "audit clause" (see above), it is hoped that WFP will be in 
a position to sign the Framework Partnership Agreement in 1995. 
During 1993 and 1994, the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations 
Children and Education Fund (UNICEF) and United Nations Refugee Works Agency 
(UNRWA) have signed contracts worth 9.2 MECU, 25 MECU and 6.5 MECU respectively 
for operations in the fonner Yugoslavia (WHO}, Liberia, Mozambique, Angola, Kenya, 
Sudan, Rwanda, Annenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan (UNICEF) and Palestine (UNWRA). A 
smaller contract has been signed with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United 
Nations (FAO) for combatting the effects of pests and locuts in Africa. 
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) acting as the representative of WHO in 
the Americas has been financed by ECHO to carry out three projects (2.1 MECU) in Haiti 
and Latih America during 1994. 
21 
~ 
µ 
('../ *** * •• * *M* * * *** , • : •-1 Figure 4 
EC CONTRACTS WITH U.N. AGENCIES FOR HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 
1990 -1991 -1992 -1993 -1994 
1 
l ~ 1990 
1 D 1991 
a 1992 
i ~ 1993 
l 1 1994 1/1 
C 
~ 
~ 150 6.#f ••.·-:,•·. 
100 1 
50 ! 
·-:::;:· 
0 
1 
1 
1 
! 
1 
1 
1 amounts in Ecu 
WFP FAO WHO 
2,955,000 0 0 
16,853,000 0 0 
35,831,586 0 3,809 500 / 
71,318,781 868,000 9,250,000 
43,220,716 0 0 1 UNDRO UNHCR UNICEF UNOP 1 UNRWA 1 SP. UN op. 
500,000 5,044,000 1,687,000 300,000 1 770,000 1 0 ! 
0 22,640,500 5,547,000 198,000 1 0 1 1,286,000 
110,000 1 78,232,580 4,127,000 470 500 1 0 1 262 000 
87,955,354 13,631,598 i 6,000,000 : 700,000 
0 1 140,996,038 11,338,135 0 450,000 l 2,720.250 
4.2.5.2. Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA) 
As a non-member of the United Nations (UN) the European Community only has the status 
of an observer in internal UN matters. Consequently, the Commission and ECHO have not 
taken part in the often intense debate among UN Member States on the performance and 
future of the UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs. 
Having said this the Commission nevertheless has a strong interest in the success of DHA, 
given its coordinating role within the UN system and its function as an assembly point for 
humanitarian donors at large. 
As a result the Commission hopes that the re-organisation introduced by the new Under­
Secretary General appointed in May 1994 will bear fruit. However, the existing decision­
making structure within the UN system and the limited funds available to the DHA to carry 
out its mandate are likely to remain limiting factors. 
Among the specific areas where ECHO has been in close contact with DHA during 1994, one 
can highlight: 
( 1) the Escrow account (which continues in effect to double the financial 
possibilities of donor contributions by releasing frozen Iraqi funds in 
the US in accordance with UN Security Council Resolution 778)~ 
(2) exchange of humanitarian information through the Financial Tracking 
System (14 points faxes) and IERRIS; 
(3) support of preparedness programmes under IDNDR (see section 4.4); 
( 4) · support of DHA's MCDA project~ 
(5) Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeals. Although the Commission is not 
in a position to respond directly to global appeals, it nevertheless uses 
these appeals as a source för evaluating the extent of disasters. 
In addition to these specific areas, ECHO officials have maintained good relations with DHA 
officials in Geneva and New York at ali levels throughout 1994. 
4.2.6 United States 
The United States initiative for the "Greater Horn of Africa" (including the Horn countries, 
Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania) was presented in June. Since the most 
important"aspect of the much publicised pian (drawn up för President Clinton by Mr Atwood) 
concerned rehabilitation and long-term preparedness against drought, as well as general 
development, the main thrust of the negotiations took place between USAID and DG VIII 
The fact that food security in many of the countries in question has greatly improved (due to 
23 
good rains in 1994) has meant that ECHO has not been required to take part in a special 
action for the countries covered by the American initiative. 
During the reporting year, the US Government has invited other ECHO staff Members to its 
Disaster Assistance Management training courses and a two-man senior mission visited the 
key humanitarian services within the US administration in the middle of November 1994. 
The status of the Commission's relations with the US government within the field of 
humanitarian aid can be summarized as follows. 
(1) Exchange ofviews. A body of general knowledge has been built up on 
both sides of the Atlantic concerning the humanitarian services 
operating in the Commission and Washington. Officials are often in 
contact about general matters (UN, WFP, exchange of information ctc) 
as well as on operational matters in specific conflicts. In spite of the 
fact that both the Commission and the US have their own political 
agendas and preferences (refer to the Greater Horn of Africa initiative 
above), the two have nevertheless arrived at a situation where it has 
become part of the administrative culture to check with the other in 
most general or operational matters of importance. 
(2) Exchange of data. The exchange of data on past actions was initiated 
in early 1994 and will be further developed in 1995 when ECHO's new 
informatics systems are fully in place. This will give both parties 
access on real-time to information on ali decisions taken within the 
field of short-term humanitarian aid. The US information will include 
Food for Peace Programmes and the Commission will send data about 
ECHO's programmes. In the next phase it is hoped to include data on 
food aid from DG VIII and refugee programmes from outside ECHO. 
The US will work towards including their refugee programmes and 
special humanitarian programmes for Central and Eastem Europe as 
well as NIS (State Department). lt is also possible that both parties 
will agree in due course to exchange data on actions that are 
contemplated (after a request has been administratively approved but 
before a formal decision is taken). 
(3) Joint Assessments and Evaluations. A further point where a potential 
cooperation is being developed concerns assessments and evaluations 
before and during a crisis. Joint assessment missions would be a cost­
effective way to work together and would mutually benefit operational 
co-operation at a later stage of a given programme. 
4.3 Evaluation 
The evaluation work carried out by ECHO in 1994 centered around two main poles: 
evaluations of ECHO financed operations, their organisation and their follow-up and the 
24 
elaboration of a methodology of evaluation to assess humanitarian aid opcrations. 
Between November '93 and November '94 a total of 33 evaluations have been carried out, the 
majority of which have been of operations implemented by NGOs and UN-agencies: such as 
medical operations, food aid, rehabilitation, shelter, logistics and information operations. 
All the evaluations, except two, took place during on-going operations. The emergency 
situations involved were ali manmade and were geographically situated, as follows: Europe 
(Ex-Yugoslavia, Albania)~ Ex-USSR (Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbadjan, Tadjikistan, 
Kyrghyzstan), Middle East (Palestine, Iraq), Africa (Somalia, Kenya, Eritrea, Rwanda). 
ECHO not only evaluates humanitarian operations in the narrow sense. The instruments that 
support the Office in accomplishing its actions have also been or are in the process of being 
examined, such as the European Task Force situated in Zagreb and the functioning of the 
Framework Partnership Agreement. At present, the role of Member State NGOs in 
humanitarian aid operations is the subject of a survey as well as the pilot project of regional 
air flights in the Horn of Africa. 
Overall, the partners have reacted very positively to the evaluations. They consider them a 
demonstration of interest by ECHO of their work as well as of the wish of ECHO to improve 
continuously the performance of humanitarian operations. 
On the whole, the evaluations done so far have produced pos1t1ve assessments of the 
implementation of operations by partners. The improvements that could be made of different 
aspects of operations have been discussed in the spirit of partnership, the aim of ECHO being 
maximum possible efficiency in the use of credits för humanitarian aid. 
Parallel to evaluation on the ground, the Office is developing its methodology of evaluation 
and definition of best use of evaluation results. A draft manual of evaluation is under 
discussion as a tool for evaluation tasks and as an aid to actors in humanitarian aid to exploit 
evaluation results. 
4.4 Disaster Preparedness 
Following consultation with other Commission services, the ECHO Disaster Preparedness 
Programtne was launched in 1994. Overall, the Programme has three main aims. First, to 
improve the impact of the Commission's relief effort. Second, to co-ordinate activities of the 
different Commission services in the field of disaster preparedness. This is done through an 
inter-service group meeting on a bimonthly hasis. And finally, to help shape the direction of 
the European Union's preparedness policy. 
The disaster preparedness Action Pian reflects the recommendations of the IDNDR 
(International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction) Yokohama World Conference, in which 
ECHO led the Commiss1on delegation in May 1994. 
It focuses on three themes: 
(i) human resource development 
25 
(ii) rnanagement and institutional strengthening 
(iii) community-based, low-cost technology for disaster preparedness. 
These have been chosen for specific reasons. First, the effectiveness of external relief 
assistance largely depends on appropriate locally based disaster preparedness structures. 
Second, strengthening local capacities and self-reliance, along with international co-operation, 
are the most cost-effective and sustainable approaches to disaster management. 
In fulfilling its mandate, ECHO disaster preparedness measures involve both natural and man­
made disasters. 
Activities have so far ranged from supporting studies and workshops on preparedness, to the 
implementation of projects at national and international levels. Through severål studies and 
workshops, the Programme has promoted the exploration of issues pertaining to disastcr 
preparedness, the sharing of information, the development of common policies, and the co­
ordination of activities among organizations involved. ECHO is implementing 15 projects on 
national/regional levels in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, for an amount exceeding 2.2 
MECU. These range from Community managed flood credit funds in Bangladesh to eartquake 
preparedness in schools and hospitals in Central America, and training in drought resistant 
cultivation in Namibia. On a multilateral level, support is going to the UN-DHA (1.1 MECU) 
and the IDNDR-secretariat, for the development of effective disaster preparedness information 
systems, and the exploration of using military and civil defence assets in humanitarian 
operations (MCDA). 
For 1995, ECHO envisages an expansion of its operational presence at field-level through the 
establishment of six Focal Centres in disaster prone regions of the World. Currently, ECHO 
is establishing agreements with two such Centres based respectively in the Philippines and 
in the Russian Federation. 
In addition, given that over 90 per cent of ECHO humanitarian activities are in conflict zones, 
practical approach to preventive diplomacy is being developed. In collaboration with the 
European Parliament, support is being given to the creation of an "Humanitarian Observatory" 
which aims to monitor a set of specific indicators providing waming signals prior to the 
outbreak of a given crisis (see also 4.2.3). 
4.5 Informatics 
The Humanitarian Office continues to be depende~t on good informatics as the best means 
of proviäing fast and reliable management information and administrative efficiency. 
The design of the Hurilanitarian Office Programming Environment (HOPE) is almost complete 
and several elements in the system are already developed and in use. Most elements in the 
system should become operational during 1995. This will give ECHO a coherent internal 
management tool starting from requests, through financial management of contracts to 
· production of management information and statistics. The system will be linked to the overall 
accounting system of the Commission (SINCOM and F-13) as well as a number of moduks 
26 
for special purposes ( eval uation, refugees etc ). 
Externally ECHO has made efforts to integrate information on humanitarian aid from many 
sources (Member States (EU-15), the DHA Financial Tracking Systcm -the so-called "14 
point fax system"(see 4.2. 5 .2) as well as the US Govemment which has been equally kcen 
to obtain global overviews of humanitarian aid flows (see 4.2.6). In view of this it is hoped 
that 1995 will see more reliable reporting systems as a basis for global humanitarian statistics 
and for more efficient international cooperation in the field. 
5. FUTURE PLANS 
It is obviously very difficult to predict the exact location, character and magnitude of crises 
be they man-made or natural. This chapter will describe some of the "hot spots" which are 
likely to give rise to humanitarian aid next year and dwells on the more general strategic 
questions which the Commission and the intemational donor community must tackle in the 
future. 
5.1 Expected Future Emergencies 
ECHO 1s mandated to respond quickly and effectively to the numerous crises that occur, 
continue, or re-occur in the world ali the time, often without warning. This means that the 
Office is not in a position to programme its resources for specific crises or regions at the 
beginning of each budget cycle. However, the Commission is making every effort to watch 
and analyse intemational events not only at Headquarters in Brussels but in the field (EU 
Delegations and humanitarian coordinators). The main areas of concem at the beginning of 
1995 are briefly outlined below. 
There is still hope that peace will come to the former Yugoslavia in 1995 so that humanitarian 
aid can gradually be replaced by rehabilitation efforts. 
In ACP countries present "hot spots", Rwanda and neighbouring countries harbouring 
Rwandese refugees, Burundi, Somalia, Sudan, Liberia, and Angola will probably require a 
substantial amount of humanitarian aid in 1995. Present events in several other African 
countries, particularly Zaire, Nigeria, Togo, Chad, Mali and Algeria could also give rise to 
concern. 
In the Western hemisphere it is expected that Haiti, Cuba and other Central American 
countries will need further humanitarian aid in 1995 as the rehabilitation programmes get 
underway. 
The Commission expects that it will have to stand by to provide more humanitarian assistance 
to the Ex-Soviet Republics in the Caucasus and Central Asia and to be ready for assistance 
to the victims of the conflict in Tchechnya. 
27 
In Asia it is expected that Northern Iraq will still be a source of humanitarian relief. Unlike 
the situation in Cambodia the massive refugee problems in Afghanistan show no signs of 
improvement. The situation in Burma is also being watched carefuily. 
5.2 Strategic Considerations 
The Commission, after an initial period where priorities centered around improving and 
consolidating administrative and operational efficiency of its humanitarian aid, should now 
devote more effort to a 'pro-active' and preventive role (be it in preparedness, prevention, 
rehabilitation etc). ECHO has now achieved a large part of its operational goals (as outlined 
in its mandate)~ increasing external pressures are appearing on the horizon: 
The post-cold war 'international order' has still not found its feet. One result is that 
intemational crises are still increasing in multitude and magnitude and will continue to do so 
if preventive action is not taken. · During the past four years the Community has increased 
humanitarian aid more than seven-fold. Although it has increased operations mc1ssively, the 
Community has nonetheless succeeded in providing timely and efficient delivery of 
humanitarian aid. 
The relative lack of progress within the intemational donor community and the UN (including 
DHA) in advancing the 'pro-active' aspects of humanitarian actions will put more pressure on 
major humanitarian players such as the Commission, EU Member States and the US 
Govemment to find successful mechanisms at the international level. The most obvious way 
of starting this process would be through better exchange of information (using the latest 
technological advances), joint assessment of crises, and joint participation in preventive 
measures (early warning, preparedness, advocacy etc). In the longerterm effective prevention 
depends on concerted national and intemational action between the "predictors" (researchers, 
the press, intelligence communities), the policy-makers, the military and the 
relief/development actors. It is important to note that this wider concept of prevention also 
includes very close links from the outset between relief and long-term development sincc 
effective rehabilitation and development is the best way to safeguard against future disasters 
At Community level the preventive strategy first of ali requires that ali aspects of the 
'humanitarian continuum' are considered (i.e. prevention, preparedness and if necessary relief 
and rehabilitation and their links with long-term development) and become a natural part of 
ali foreign policy initiatives when dealing with disaster-prone regions of the world. It is also 
obvious that preventive strategies should include ·carefully designed efforts to protect victims 
of conflicts and develop anticipated action through access to key decision makers. 
Finally, it is important to provide more political visibility for the activities of the European 
Union in this field J'his is not meant to provide an alibi for political inaction, nor a self­
congratulatory rethoric. Visibility of the aid is important because it has to do with 
accountability vis-a-vis European citizens, who are also tax-payers. They must consciously 
be part of this effort of solidarity but they would certainly like to see that they get (in terms 
of efficiency) value for money. This is the only way to prevent further spreading of what 
people call the "donor's fatigue". 
28 
STATISTICAL 
ANNEXES 
29 
ANNEX 1 
NG0s and Humanitarian_Organizations who have signed the Framework Partnership 
Contract 
GERMANY 
DEUTSCHES ROTES KREUZ 
DEUTSCHER CARIT ASVERBAND (as of 31.12.94) 
BY COUN1RY 
DIAKONISCHES WERK of the Evangelical Churches in Germany 
DEUTSCHE WEL THUNGHERHILFE (GERMAN AGROACTION) 
JOHANNITER-UNF ALL-HILFE (INTERNATIONAL SERVICES) 
HELP 
MAL TESER HILFSDIENST E.V. (M.H.D.) 
ACTION :MEDEOR 
DÄZ (DEUTSCHE ARZTEGELEINSCHAFT FOR 
MEDIZINISCHE ZUSAM:MENARBEIT) 
HILFE FOR KINDER IN NOT E.V. 
(CHILDREN'S RELIEF) 
ARBEITER-SAMARITER-BUND DEUTSCHLAND E.V. 
CARE DEUTSCHLAND 
ADRA 
AUSTRÅLIA 
CARE AUSTRALIA 
AUSTRIA 
CARITAS AUTRICHE 
MAL TESER HOSPIT AL DIENST-AUSTRIA (M.H.D. A) 
ÖSTERREICHISCHES HILFSWERK 
BELGIUM 
CROIX ROUGE DE BELGIQUE 
SECOURS INTERNATIONAL DE CARITAS CATHOLICA BELGICA 
1 CCP 0001 
CCP 0007 
CCP 0019 
CCP 0042 
CCP 0046 
CCP 0053 
CCP 0065 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0085 
CCP 0098 
CCP 0101 
CCP 105 
CCP 106 
CCP 0094 
CCP 0049 
CCP 0065 
CCP 0079 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0012 
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES/ARTSEN ZONDER GRENZEN 
CARE INTERNATIONAL 
HANDICAP INTERNATIONAL (B) 
OXFAM BELGIQUE 
IEDER VOOR ALLEN 
HÖPIT AL SANS FONTIERE (B) 
MEDICUS MUNDI INTERNATIONAL 
MEDICUS MUNDI BELGIUM 
MEMISA BELGIUM 
SOLIDARITE LIBERALE INTERNATIONALE 
CAUSES COMMUNES 
DENMARK 
DANSK RODE KORS 
CARIT AS DANMARK 
FOLKEKIRKENS N0DHJ..ELP/DANCHURCHAID 
RED BARNET 
DANISH REFUGEE COUNCIL 
MISSION EAST 
SPAIN 
CRUZ ROJA ESPANOLA 
CARIT AS ESPANOLA 
MEDICOS SIN FRONTERAS 
SOLIDARIDAD INTERNACIONAL 
(FUNDACIÖN ESPANOLA P ARA LA COOPERACI6N) 
MEDICOS DEL MUNDO 
MOVIMIENTO POR LA PAZ, EL DESARME Y LA LIBERTAD 
ASOCIACIÖN NA VARRA "NUEVO FUTURO" 
A C S.U.R. ASOCIACIÖN PARA LA COOPERACIÖN 
CON EL SUR LAS SEGOVIAS 
2 CCP 0013 
CCP 0014 
CCP 0030 
CCP 0043 
CCP 0056 
CCP 0068 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0099 
CCP 107 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0008 
CCP 0020 
CCP 0004 
CCP 0041 
CCP 0060 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0005 
CCP 0013 
CCP 0040 
CCP 0044 
CCP 0050 
CCP 0054 
CCP 0057 
11 
INTERMON 
NOUS CAMINS 
MEDICUS MUNDI ESPANA 
FUNDACION ENGELMAJER 
F ARMACEUTICOS SIN FRONTERAS 
UNITED STA~ 
INTERNATIONAL ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN CHARITIES 
CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES 
INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CORPS 
WORLD CONCERN DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION 
FRANCE 
CROIX ROUGE FRANCAISE 
SECOURS CA THOLIQUE 
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES 
ACTION INTERNATIONALE CONTRE LA FAIM 
HANDICAP INTERNATIONAL (F) 
ACTION NORD SUD 
MEDECINS DU MONDE 
EQUILIBRE 
PREMIERE URGENCE 
PHARMACIENS SANS FRONTIERES 
FRANCE -LIBERTES (FONDATION DANIELLE MITTERRAND) 
OEUVRES HOSPIT ALIERS FRANCAISES DE 
L'ORDRE DE MALTE (O.H.F.O.M.) 
HÖPIT AL SANS FRONTIERE (F) 
SECOURS POPULAIRE FRANCAIS 
MEDICUS MUNDI FRANCE 
INTERAIDE 
INITIATVE DEVELOPPEMENT 
3 CCP 0063 
CCP 0077 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0103 
CCP 0055 
CCP 0074 
CCP 0082 
CCP 0090 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0006 
CCP 0013 
CCP 0026 
CCP 0029 
CCP 0031 
CCP 0032 
CCP 0033 
CCP 0034 
CCP 0039 
CCP 0058 
CCP 0065 
CCP 0068 
CCP 0071 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0087 
CCP 0087 
ESSOR 
EUROPACT 
INTERVENIR 
SOLIDARITES 
ENFANTS DU MONDE/OROITS DE L'HOJv1ME 
COMITE D'AIDE MEDICALE ET DE 
PARRAINAGE SANS FRONTIERES 
AIDE MEDICALE INTERNA TIONALE 
SOLIDARITE- PROTEST ANTE FRANCE ARMENIE 
ASSOCIATION POUR L'ACTION HUMANITAIRE 
GREECE 
CROIX ROUGE HELLENIQUE 
GREEK CO:MMITTTEE FOR INTERNATIONAL 
DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY 
MEDECINS DU MONDE 
K.E.S.S.A.P. DIMITRA 
INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 
HELLENIC INSTITUTE OF SOLIDARITY AND COOPERA TION 
WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 
IREI.AND 
IRISH RED CROSS SOCIETY 
GOAL. 
CONCERN IRELAND 
TROCAIRE 
ITALY 
CROCE ROSSA ITALIANA 
CARIT AS ITALIANA 
ASSOCIAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE VOLONT ARI LAICI 
COMIT ATO INTERNAZIONALE PER LO SVILUPPO DEi POPOLI (CISP) 
4 CCP 0087 
CCP 0087 
CCP 0095 
CCP 0096 
CCP 0100 
CCP 0104 
CCP 108 
CCP 112 
CCP 114 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0072 
CCP 0081 
CCP 110 
CCP 111 
CCP 120 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0024 
CCP 0038 
CCP 0067 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0010 
CCP 0027 
CCP 0028 
CENTRO INTERNAZIONALE DE COOPERAZIONE ALLO SVILUPPO (CICS) CCP 0036 
CENTRO REGIONALE D'INTERVENTO PER LA COOPERAZIONE CCP 0037 
COOPERAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE CCP 0061 
GRUPPO VOLONTARIATO CIVILE CCP 0062 
COMITATO Dl COORDINAMENTO DELLE ORGANIZZAZIONI 
PER IL SERVIZIO VOLONfARIO (C.O.S.V.) CCP 0075 
MEDICUS MUNDI ITALIA CCP 0080 
COMIT ATO COLLABORAZIONE MEDICA (CCM) CCP 0084 
INSTITtITO COOPERAZIONE UNIVERSITARIA (l.C.U.) CCP 0088 
COMITATO EUROPEO FORMAZIONE AGRARIA (C.E.F.A.) CCP 0089" 
ASSOCIAZIONE VOLONT ARI PER IL SERVIZIO INTERNAZIONALE (A VSI) CCP 0092. 
INTERSOS 
(ASSOCIAZIONE UMANITARIA PER L'EMERGENZA) CCP 0102 
INSTITtITO SINDICALE PER LA COOPERAZIONE 
ALLO S.VILUPPO (ISCOS) CCP 109 
ASSOCIAZIONE ITALIANA PER LA 
SOLIDARIET A TRA I POPOLI (AISPO) CCP 116 
SOLIDARIET A CON IL TERZO MONDO (STM) CCP 117 
ARCS ARCI CUL TURA E SVILUPPO CCP 118 
MOVIMENTO LIBERAZIONE E SVILUPPO (MOLISV) CCP 119 
LUXEMBURG 
CROIX ROUGE LUXEMBOURGEOISE 
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES 
CARIT AS LUXEMBOURG 
HÖPIT AL SANS FRONTIERE 
NORWAY 
KIRKENS N0DHJELP, Norway 
NORWEGIAN PEOPLE'S AID 
5 CCP 0001 
CCP 0013 
CCP 0048 
CCP 0068 
CCP 0021 
CCP 0091 
NE1HERLANDS 
HET NEDERLANDSE RODE KRUIS 
CARIT AS NEERLANDICA 
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES/ARTSEN ZONDER GRENZEN 
STICHTING OECUMENISCHE HULP (Dutch Interchurch Aid) 
MEMISA MEDICUS MUNDI NEDERLAND 
PORTUGAL 
CRUZ VERMELHA PORTUGUESA 
AMI -Funda9äo Assistencia- Medica Intemacional 
OIKOS Coopera9ao et desenvolvimento 
C.I.C. Associa9äo para a Coopera9äo, Intercambio e Cultura 
UNIAO DES CIDADES CAPIT AIS LUSO-AFRO-AMERICO-ASIA TICAS 
(U.C.C.L.A.) 
ASSOCIACAO DE BENEFICENCIA LUSO-ALEMA 
UNITED KINGDOM 
BRITISH RED CROSS SOCIETY 
SA VE THE CHILDREN FUND 
CATHOLIC FUND FOR OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT 
CARE BRIT AIN 
CHRISTIAN AID 
FEED THE CHILDREN 
OXFAM UK 
HELPAGE INTERNATIONAL 
TEAR FUND 
MEDICAL AIO FOR PALESTINIANS 
MERLIN 
CONCERN UNIVERSAL 
WOMENAID INTERNATIONAL 
SCOTTISH EUROPEAN AID 
6 CCP 0001 
CCP 0011 
CCP 0013 
CCP 0022 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0016 
CCP 0035 
CCP 0066 
CCP 00 76 
CCP 113 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0003 
CCP 0009 
CCP 0015 
CCP 0017 
CCP 0025 
CCP 0052 
CCP 0059 
CCP 0069 
CCP 0070 
CCP 0083 
CCP 0086 
CCP 0093 
CCP 0097 
SWEDEN 
DIAKONIA 
SWITZERLAND 
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES 
LUTHERAN WORLD FEDERATION 
HEKS (SWISS INTERCHURCH AID) 
CARIT AS SUISSE 
TERRE DES HOMlvffiS 
MEDICUS MUNDI SCHWEIZ 
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ANO UN AGENCIES 
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RED CROSS AND 
RED CRESCENT SOCIETIES (I.F.R.C.) 
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS (I.C.R.C.) 
UNITED NATIONS HIGH CO~ISSIONER FOR REFUGEES (U.N.H.C.R.) 
ORDRE SOUVERAIN ET MILITAIRE DE ST.JEAN DE JERUSALEM, 
RHODES ET DE MAL TE 
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (1.O.M.) 
PAN AMERICAN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (P.A.H.O.) 
7 CCP 0018 
CCP 0013 
CCP 0023 
CCP 0045 
CCP 0047 
CCP 0051 
CCP 0080 
CCP 0001 
CCP 0002 
CCP 0064 
CCP 0065 
CCP 0073 
CCP 0078 
.... '. 
• ANNEX 2 
!FINANCIAL DECISIONS FOR HUMANITARIAN AID BY REGION IN 1993 AND 1994 
PAL 
ALESTINEASRAEL 
NOSTAN c~ 
~ORTH AFRICA 
1 GERIA 
ILATIN AMERICA 
BOLIVIA 
,BRAZIL 
iCOLOMBIA 
~HILE 
iCUBA 1ECUAOOR 
!GUATEMALA 
!HONDURAS 
jNICARAGUA 
'PERU 
!vENEZUELA 
1 
jG•nel'II Sludle1 
[GRAND TOTAL 
,oo...o,, 111~"'".......,,,.., .. ", m.,,.,,,,_.,.,....,u-Ulllt DECISION IN ECU Nr of CONTRACTS 
395,010,195 361 
H,193,000 282 
1,000,000 3 
18,300,000 28 
7,000,000 31 
1,000,000 3 
500,000 1 
4,000,000 10 
515,000 2 
350,000 2 
1,000,000 2 
500,000 3 
300,000 1 
1,000,000 1 
2,000,000 10 
2,400,000 11 
8,990,000 29 
3,000,000 6 
180,000 1 
11,000.000 27 
1,000,000 2 
1,850,000 6 
12,298,000 47 
10,400,000 28 
2,000,000 3 
500,000 1 
1,000.000 3 
7,800,000 20 
12,000 
11,211,000 
10,395,000 
12,240,000 
500,000 
11.no.000 
3,800,000 
4,490,000 
7,900,000 
400,000 
IOl,D00 
'459,000 
350,000 
21,IDO,DOO 
22,270,000 
2,750,000 
1,785,000 
920,000 
230,000 
U00,000 
1,820,000 
1,800,000 
10,400,000 
430,000 
150,000 
110,000 
75,000 
1,221,000 
1,225,000 
12,24',000 
445,000 
470,000 
470,000 
500,000 
7,805,000 
350,000 
250,000 
595,000 
700,000 
510,000 
150,000 
500,000 
10411 191 110 
3 
2 
1 
45 
47 
5 
4 
4 
1 
9 
4 
5 
10 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 
5 
34 
3 
3 
1 
1 
13 
2 
1 
4 
2 
31 
11 
112 C.I.S (1) 
RMENIA 
ERBAIDJAN 
BELARUS 
AUCASUS 
HERNOBVL VICTIMS 
EOROIA 
IRGHYSTAN 
OLOOVA 
GORNO-KARAEW<H 
RUSSIAFED 
ADJIKISTAN 
KRAINE 
NORTH AFRICA 
LGERIA 
IEGYPT 
~AMERICA 
BRAZIL 
ir.QLOMBIA 
lcuBA 
leL SALVADOR 
'.GUATEMALA 
IMEXICO 
MCARAGUA 
PERU 
1 
:General Studies 
'Disaster Preparedness 
RANDTOTAL DECISION IN ECU Nr of CONTRACTS 
269,376,000 349 
324,106,962 337 
13,500,000 20 
168,500,000 34 
24,000,000 46 
21,000,000 28 
355,000 2 
1,000,000 3 
60,000 1 
1,000.000 2 
300,000 1 
100,000 1 
18,010,000 44 
1,204,163 3 
7,473,550 17 
1,170,000 5 
300,000 1 
400.000 3 
500,000 1 
1,180,000 4 
70,000 
340,250 1 
123,440 1 
15,500,000 17 
2,773,200 4 
8,338,359 30 
125,000 1 
26,507,000 49 
1,810,000 3 
447,000 2 
200,000 1 
500,000 1 
7,320,000 11 
91,010,000 
18,589,000 
17,000,000 
2,eeo,000 
1,500,000 
2,100,000 
17,306,000 
6,250,000 
2,500,000 
1,350,000 
9,470,000 
9,825,000 
2,460,000 
2,679,000 
1,675,000 
1,004,000 
22,515,000 
25,126,000 
12,315,000 
500,000 
2,236,000 
1,500,000 
1,000,000 
240,000 
4,700,000 
200,000 
550,000 
615,000 
750,000 
1,220,000 
U&S,D00 
2,935,000 
630,000 
21,501,500 
1,115,000 
600,000 
700,000 
14,054,500 
340.000 
830,000 
1,050,000 
500,000 
2,320,000 
100,000 
3,481,962 
714119424 111 
38 
33 
3 
1 
2 
39 
11 
1 
4 
12 
13 
3 
• 6 
2 
25 
H 
28 
3 
3 
2 
7 
1 
3 
2 
2 
4 
7 
'l 
3 
43 
3 
2 
3 
21 
2 
2 
2 
1 
7 
1 
17 
1010 
• ANNEX 3 
!OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL DECISIONS FOR EC HUMANITARIAN AIO BY SOURCE OF FINANCE 1990-1994 
Source of 
flnance I 
Budget Line Oescrlptlon 
LOME III TIONALINIIICA'11111Jl'IIIOO!Wall1N"ll11 
LOME 111 
LOME IV 
FEOGA 
87-5000 
87-510 
67-511 
B7-514 AIIWI NO TO t & 111\.WCW 
87-515 AIIIMINOTOD-vtlll 
87-516 AIIWI AtnON II JIIO toUN'l'llllal 
B7-517 GEII P.DISPL-l"IIIIOlltl*NV.C:OUNT1UI' 
87-6000 -
TOTAL 
FOOTNOTES: 
/ 1} NA TIONIU. INDICA TNE PffO<JltAMME FOlf SO.W.M 
(1J 5--YEA/f AUOCATION(fllf-tS, IMDEltLOMENIS 250,000.000ECU 
l'I OECIOED ON~ UOSE-fJY CASE MS/$ 1990 
u1:1.ISI0NS 
(111ECU) 
-
41,620,000 
-
-
72,735,000 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
114 355,000 1991 
ut:.1.ISIONS 
(in ECU) 
42,445,000 
13,500,000 
139,375,000 
195,320,000 1992 
u1:1.ISIONS 
(in ECU) 
-----
40,000,000 
-
31,675,000 
72,500,000 
154,867,797 
.. 
-
-
-
-
69,000,000 
368 042,297 1 1 9 3 
LJt:.1.l;:,1uNS CONT'ltACTI PAYMliNn 
(in ECU) (111 ECU) (inECU) 
6,500,000 6,288,092 4,823,639 
1,296,000 1,290,400 1,011,383 
82,185,000 78,584,593 62.761,422 
---
---
70,033,195 69,212,357 58,528,378 
17,425,000 17,330,990 15,389,676 
385,000,000 384,159,908 352,356,433 
30,000,000 28,790,1557 27,756,342 
8,713,000 8,669,656 7,411,273 
3,662,000 3,627,615 3,103,342 
---
604,814,115 597154,168 533,141888 
Financial Decisions for EC Humanitarian Aid 1990-1994 
-------------· 
1000 D PAYMENTS 
~ CONTRACTS 
l!tJ DECISIONS 
800 
5' 
(.) 
UJ 
~ 600 
C/) z 
0 
:::i 
..J 
~ 400 
200 
0 ___________ _j 
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Aa por. 04AIIIIS 
1 9 t 4 
C:ONT'IUlcn PAY•Nn 
(in ECU) (111 ECU) 
109,522,247 ' 72,390,701 32,143,095 
46,000,000 . 33,~702 23,298,584 
271,380;0()() 227;103;208 ij;~;'907 
tS0,000:000 . 39,67•'.& ·;5~630;719 
'.:_.-:.-1•:t::1 
.,,,;721_,442 
-ANNEX4 
_ ........... =----
Summary of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Aid 1992-94 
~11!15 --···--
LOME fV 1 1992 1993 
1 199' 
OECISIONS OECISIONS OEC1$10HS 
(.,ECU> (.,ECU) (lllECU) LOME 11 1 1992 
1 1993 
1 OECISIONS OECISIONS 
(inECU) 1 (inECU) 
l 1 : 
BUDGET 1992 1 1993 1994 
1 OECISION$ ! OECISIONS OEC1$10HS 
! , .. ecu, (n ECU) (lnECU) 
l>SRICA 1 0000001 1 000000 1. SOUAUE 400000001 7 796 nnn GHAHISTAH 1.0000001 2 750 000 1:Ul5 000 
~=~~~R~. 11.3000001 IJ 'IMOQO 
1 151 OOOOOÖ 1 IIUNI.& 2.0000001 456 000 1 675.000 
GERIA 1215000 : 935 000 
AMC.nlA _____?JOO 000 6000_.!!K!J 11,000,000 
IIEHIN .. 1 000.000 1 GOl>. 1000000 6 000 000 
MENIA 11-'19000 
9UIIIUHAFASO 500 000 ~RIIAIOJAN 17 000 000 
91/ROO  ~ööör 16 000000 
D.ll&OUTI ,i5 ooo JSS 000 """l...oESH 2 000 000 500 000 
ElAAUS 2 660000 
~RITREA 1 000.000 0.MA 445 000 1 11$000 
iETHIOP\A ~~- ._____1~000 60000 ~ ---- 1 000 000 
500 000 1 000000 
1000000 JOO 000 
OUIHEE IIISSAU )00 000 100 000 RAZll 470 000 ~000 
UlGARIA i oc:M 000 
8~116~ S 000 000 
: 785 000 2136 000 
AUCASUS 1 soo 000 
§ 1 000000 2.000000 1010000 
ll<ENYA 7 150 000 2.400 000 ll0416J :Htl.F 500 000 
01.0MBIA 470 000 700 000 
.18EIIIA 1000000 1990000 74n.5so UBA 2500001 7 805 000 14 054 SOO ~ 1 170000 CUAOOR 350 000 
LUU&WI 400000 3~ 
IW.IRITANIA 1 000000 400 000 GYPT 500 000, 630 000 
L~VAOOA 200 000 ~000 
MAVOTTE soo~ MO~ioUE 1000.000 ~,ooo ooo 1 IIOOOO NAMl8tA ··--180 000 
~iöiii- 70000 X-USSR 3,5500001 51295000 
X•YOUGOSLAVIA :71 061.297 ! 395 OIO 195 269 376 000 
EORGIA 17 3060001 
IJATEIMLA 250 000 130000 --340 250 -'ITI 17 000 000 
"lpGUM~ 113 440 ONOURAS 595 000 
OIWANOA --1,1!!Q,~ 9 000 000 )5 SOO 000 
SENEGAL ___ __ _JL~OO() 
~R_~_LEONE 1150000 1_773 ,oo 1 
1 NOIA 920 000 
•NOONESIA :J,J,000 
~ :.:,oo.,-.)(1 21 5_oq,_ooo •1.s1sooo· 
ST LUCIA •~C!!!!!. $~---·  000 000 .!,~ 11507 000 T~ 2 000 000 1110 000 1 AAN 230 000 
KIRGHY6TAN 6 250 000 
i.J\05 1500000 
TCHAO 447 000 i.J\TIN MIERICA 500 000 
iooo 500 000 200 000 IBAH 1 800 000 
OOAHOA 1,000,000 500,000 EJUCO 1 oso 000 
H.-1 F:.;;:_.-C-> 325 000 YAHMAA ! 2"11000 
WESTERN SAMOA 300 000 OLOOVA 1 1 2 500 000 
ZAIRE l 6,500,0001 7,3_20,000 ti~f 700,000 ONGOllA 1120 000 1000000 
IIGORNO-!(ARA8Al(H 1 JSO 000 
EPAI. 1 1100000 
ICARAGUA SOO 000 700 000 SOO 000 
Al<JSTAN 250 000 430 000 200 000 
AI.ESTIHE/ISRAEl 50 000; 10 400 000 4 700 000 
ARAGUAY 250 000 
'ERU 510 000 2 )20 000 
HlllPPINES 500 000 550 000 
UMANIA 350 000 
USSIA 9 470 000 
WANDA 2 000 000 
OMM.IA 4 500 000 1338 )59 
SRl~KA. ISO 000 615 000 
UOAN 1 100 000 1000 000 
AOJIKISTAN 9 825 000 
J---URKEY 500 000 
KRAINE l 460 000 
RUGUAY-ARGENTINA 400000 
ENEZUElA 150 000 
nNAM 110000 750 000 
MEN 600 000 75 000 1220000 
WIE 1 300 000 
IMBA8WE 12000 =--is.- 500 000 100 000 
tisa.lWP~• J 411 1162 _,..ofl_ 
2 100 000 
-(-1.Burundtl - 12 000 000 
'""--' ,....,._lnC-&Ent""- 4 soo 000 
Tot.111: 31,675,000 12,115,000 163,261,603 Tot.ala: 40,000,000 7,796,000 Total1: 296,367,297' 514,133,195, 500,900,821 
Grandtotal 1112: ID:Ci42.i9!l ECU 
Grand total 1 Hl : 604,81411951 ecu 
'rand total 1 tH : ~ _ --~-169 42~ 1 EC!' 
<. 
iiiiiS3'111Mlil-•-
04/011115 
;)etailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
ourt:e of 
lnanc• / 
udgel llne 
OME rv L 
Å rtlcl• 2M Country 
IAFRJCA 
ANGOLA 
BENIN 
BURUNDI 
BURKINA FASSO 
DJIBOUTI 
ERITREA 
ETHIOPIA 
FIDJI 
GHANA 
GUINEA 
GUINEA BISSAU 
~. 
1 
1 
1 
1 1 9 9 2 
DECISION!l fin ecu, 
typ• 
date amount total 
Locust lnfastation 
Burundi Rafugees 
Burundi & Rwandan Refugees 
Burundi & Rwandan Refugees & displaced pclo. 
Bunmdi & Rwandan Refugees & displaced pclo. 
Burundi & Rwandan Relugees & displaced rxlo. 
Refugees & displacecl in Central & East AfriCI 
--------
Repalriation af population -~1_/01/92 _ ~o~~~ 
Measles epidemie 25/03/92 2,000,000 
Repalriation af population 22/09/92 2,000,00~ 
lntemal conflict 12/11/92 1,000,000 
lntemal conflict drought 
lnlamal conflict drought 
lntemal conftict drought 
lntemal conflict drought 
Annedconflict 
Conflid 
Conflict 
7,500,000 
T ogolese refugees 
DiSPlaced population 
Oisplaced population 
Oisplaced population 
Oisplac:ed populalion 
Displaced population 
Displaced population & Refugees 
Burundl repatriates & Rwandan Refugees 
Touaregs refugees 
Cholera epidemic 
Cholera epidemic 
Floods 
Repatriation of ntfugees 
Displacad population 16101/92 1,000,000 
Conflict 21/05/92 1000,000 
Drought in Eritrea 25/09/92 750000 
Drought 01/10/92 850,000 
Oisplaced poputation 
Political events 
3,600,000 
Cyclone Kina 
Togolese refugeea 
Displaced population 
Liberian & Sieml Leone refugee1 
Cholent epidemic 
Senegalese refugees 
Cholera epidemic 
Events 20f01/92 1.000 000 
Evants 
Event1 
Events 
1,000,000 
Somalian ralugees ----· -----·--105/0311:.: ----,s,, 000 
From variou1 c:ounlnes ref1.1g1te~ ·o,J0,.,!12 L 3,ooo~oö 
Droughl Ol!/10r.>2 1 3,500,000 
Displaced populatiOll 
Displaced population 
Displaoed population 
Somalian relugees 
Somalian refugees 1 
Displaced populalion 1 
lnlemal conflid 1 
1 19 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 
DECISIONS fin ECU) DECISIONS nn ECUI 
date amount total date arnounl total 
10/03/93 1,000,000 ··-•· 
21/12/93 18,300,000 16103194 · 13,500,000 
21/06194 11,000,000 
20/07/94 12.000 000 
27/07/94 75 000,000 
20/12/94 "5,000,000 
30/12/94 1,000,000 
19,300,000 185,500,000 
--! -----. 
29/01/93 1,000,000 
18/02/93 1,000,000 
30/03/93 1,000,000 
23/07/93 1,000 000 
1..,10/93 1,000,000 
22/11/93 1,000 000 
04/02/94 18,000,000 
6,000,000 18,000,000 
22/03/93 1,000,000 
1,000,000 
25/11/93 1,000,000 
25/11/93 1 000,000 
25/11/93 1,000,000 
22/12/93 1,000 000 
03/02/94 1,000,000 
28/03/94 14.000000 
17/05/94 1,000 000 
4,000,000 18,000,000 
14107/93 500,000 
500,000 
24/08/93 100,000 I 
17/11/93 415.000 
08112/M 355.000 
515,000 355,000 
1 llH/03/94 1.000.000 
1,000,000 
14112193 350,000 
13/04/94 I0.000 
350,000 I0,000 
19/01/93 1000,000 
1,uuu,000 
2&/02/93 500,000 
1 11/04/94 1,000,000 
500,000 1,000,000 
13/07/93 1000,0001 
18/07/94 300000 
1,000,000 300,000 
1.w&/93 300,000 
1 03/11/94 100,000 
! 300,000 100,000 
22/01/93 1,000,000 
14/10f93 1000,000 
22/03194 160,000 
17/03/94 850000 
2,000,000 1,010,000 
1 ---j 1 -~ ·•·------·· 
r 21/06/931 -·--~-----··. 
---·-·l 
400,000 ~~==t__::__-_=j 
1 31/08193 i 600,000 
20/10/93 ! 400,0001 L __ _j_ _______ 
f 16/12/93 1,000,000 . 1 
~04/07194j 5119,163 
[~2!07194, _ 21s.ooo· 
--_ -----i 07/0_~~ • ___ ,00,000 
~::. * * * !f '*~~· 
l * ,._., * . ' * * ' * • . * .......... :-•-
. --------------· ----------------- ------------------------------------- ------
Detailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
-------· -------------------------
•.. 
1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 04/lllll>S 
urce of so 
fin 
0u OE~ONS lln ECUI DECISIONS lln ECl)I OECISIONS lln ECUl__ ___ 
ance / Country type 
dget llne date amount total dllte amount total date amount total 
-
7,150,000 2,400,000 1,204,163 
UBERIA Conf1ict 13111/92 1,000,000 31/03193 500,000 
Refugees & Displaced populalion 22107/93 1,000,000 
Conflict 23/07/93 725,000 
conflict 23/07/93 765,000 
Conftid 26/07193 1,000,000 
Conflid 27/08/93 1,000 000 --·-----Conflid --- ~-·--· ---------_27/08/93 __ J,~~1000 
Conftid 22/10/93 --~ lo_~.i~o~ ------·-·---
Conllld ----i.__ ____ --·----2.V11/93 föö2794 ----ne-:-soo 1,000,000 ----Conflic:l 21112/93 1 000,000 28/02/94 995,050 
Conllict 03/03/94 1,000,000 
Conflid 15/03/94 990,000 
Conflid 29/03/94 820,000 
Conflid 25/04/94 236,000 
Conflict 25/05194 133,000 
Conflict 12/07/94 1 000,000 
Cholera epldemic 20/07/94 200,000 
Conflid 14/09/94 500,000 
Conlfict 10/11/94 600,000 
1,000,000 8,990,000 7,473,550 
MADAGASCAR Floods 03/03194 870,000 
Floods 1 1 10/02/94 500,000 
1,170,000 
--MALAWI Drought 28/07/92 400,000 12/07194 300,000 
400,000 300,000 
MAURITANIA Touareg refugees 30/03/92 1,000,000 
Touareg refugees 24/02/94 400,000 
1,000,000 400,000 
MAYOTIE Earthquake 01/03/94 500,000 
500,000 
MOZAMBIQUE lntemal conflict drought 01/10/92 2,000,000 
Orought & repatr. ei refugees 23/03/93 3,000,000 
Oisplac:ed population 28/03194 180,000 
Cyclon 09/06/94 320,000 
2,000,000 3,000,000 1,180,000 
NAMIBiE Orought 1na:w3 180,000 
180,000 
NIGER Touaregs Refugees 15/12/94 70,000 
70,000 
NIGERIA Displaced population 17/05194 340,250 
340,250 
PAPOUASIE Displaatd population 20/07194 123,440 
(Nlle GutNtE) 123,440 
RWANDA Conflict 07/04/92 1,000.000 
Dlsplaced population 05.111192 700,000 
Displaced populatlon 16112/92 1000000 
Displaced populalion 11/03193 1,000,000 
Armed conflid 08/06/93 3,000,000 
Displaced populalion 28110/93 1,000 000 
Ba.u'ldlrefugeel 28110/93 1,000,000 
BLWU\di Alfugees 28110/93 1,000 000 
Bunm refugees 10l11/93 1,000,000 
BlM'l.l'ldlrefugeel 12/11/93 1,000000 
Conflid 09/04/94 500000 
Conflid & Orought 12104194 1000000 
Displaced & Refugees 04/02/94 1000,000 
1 Conftict 11105194 1000,000 
1 Conflict 17/10/94 5,000.000 
1 2.700,000 9,000,000 15,500,000 
1 
,SENEGAL Oisplaced populalion 1 
i Displaced populalion 28110/93 1,0000001 
1,000,000 
--· ---__ ,., __ ---. --·--·- ----'s1ERRÄ-LEONE-- Displaced populahon '------··-----_1.9101/93 300000 1 
Displac:ed population 27Kiäl93 --400~0 föiö51941--Wflöo 
Dilplaced populalion 27/08/93 500 000 25/05/94 400000 
Conflid 08/12/93 650,000 
Displaced populalion 20/07194 400,000 
Connid 16/12/941 1,000,000 
1,850,000 2.773,200 
ST.L.UCIA \ Debby Huracan 1 1 15/12/94 i 125.000 
1 1 1 125,000 1 
2 / g 1..., I 
•*• . * •• * * r-,.-\ * * * *•* ~.---=-·--
04.'01111$ 
De~ailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance-1992-_94 -=J 
. -
1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 
:Source of DECISIONS fin ECUl DECISIONS /ln ECUI DECISIONS lln ECU\ 
'Finance f Country typ• 
,Budget llne daile amount total date amount total date amount total ! . ---- --
1 --- -SUDAN lnlemal conflid 26/04/93 300,000 i Conflid 07/04/92 1,000,000 10/06/93 1,000,000 
1 Conflid & drought 211161!f2 ,_.3:ooo;oöo 07/07/93 1,000,000 
Conflid & droughl 01/09/93 6,000,000 
Contlid & drought 14/12/93 1,000,000 
1 Displaced population 10/03/94 490,000 l lntemal Conflid 22/03194 1n,ooo 
Contlid & Drought 20104194 17,000,000 
Displaced population 11/07/94 840,000 
i 4,000,000 9,300,000 18,507,000 
TANZANIA Buundi refugees 11/11193 1,000,000 
1 Burundi refugees ----15/11193 1,000,000 
Burundi refugees · 29/04/94 680,000 
i Burundi refugees 29/04/94 450,000 
1 Burundl refugees 11/04/94 680,000 
1 2,000,000 1,810,000 i 
1 
1 TCHAD Orought 11/05194 287,000 
Cholera epidemic \ 07/09/94 160,000\ 
1 447,000 
! TOGO Displaced populalion 23/07193 500,0001 
! Ghana refugees 28/04/94 200,000 
1 500,000 200,000 
1 UGANDA Sudanesa relugeas 22/12/93 1,000,000 1 
Sudanese refugees 25/01/941 500000 
1 1,000,000 500,000 
WALUS & FUTUMA Cyclone Fran 23/04192 325,000 
(Nouvelle Ca .. donle 325,000 
WESTERN SAMOA CycioneVal 29/01/92 300,000 
300,000 
IZAIRE lnlemal troubles 12/02/93 1,000,000 
1 Displacad population 13/07193 1,000,000 
1 lntamal troubles 27/08/93 1,000,000 
1 lntemal troubles 23109193 1000,000 
lntemal trouble1 22/10/93 1,000,000 
Burundi refugees 15/11193 500000 
lntemal trouble1 15/12/93 1,000,000 
lntemal troubles 25/01/94 1,000,000 
lntemal troubles 21/04/94 320,000 
Displacad populations (Kasai,Shaba,Kivu) 19'07/94 6,000,000 
11,500,000 7,320,000 
ZIMBABWE Mazambican nlfugees 04/11/92 400,000 
Meaalel epidemic 21/12/92 300,000 
700,000 
' TOTAL LOME IV: 1 31,875,0001 82,185 000 263,2118,103 i 
1 
LOMI: IU ,SOMALIA \..onnict ! U'IIU.>ll:l.l ,a,:,v,uuu .ll:IIV.:M~~ .llO,QOU 
Artiele203 Conftid 27/04/92 4000,000 07/06/93 650000 
Conflid 27/04192 350,000 14106193 6411,000 
Conflid & ~ought 12/08/92 4,000,000 26/07193 1150,000 
Conflid 07/09/92 11,000,000 13/06193 650,000 
Conflicl 22/09192 20,000,000 27/08/93 150,000 
Conflid 25/11192 5,0~ 27/08193 150,000 --Conflid 10109193 150,000 
Conflid ---1------•-----23/09/93 __ •!~~ P---------~----~----
• 1 • • -··-··--1&11/93 ~---- t---, -~---- -~· Conflid r-t------1150 0 
1 Conflicl 22/11193 150,000 
Conflid 23111/93 ! 650,000 l 40,000,000 7,796,000 
r===1 t i 
i . TOTAL LOME 111: l ,0,000,0007 i 7,7911,0001 
1 
:BUDGET rFGHANISTAN Conflict -'U/U4/l:12 500,000 01/0//93 ! ~.000 1 l Displacad population & refugees IXIIU8/92 1,000,000 05/08/93 500,000 1 
Conflict 04109192 500,000 04/10/93 400,000 1 
Conflicl 106/12/93 500,000 1 
Conflict 14/12/93 500,000 7 
T adjikl refugees 14/12/93 350,000 1 i 
Conflicl 18/01/94 ,so,oool 
Displaced populalion ~1/04/~~~ö_p l 
3 I 9 
-*** * •• * ·~· * * *•* 
IIIWM!MIM#-•-
04/0119~ 
Detailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 7 
s 
,F ource of 
ln1nce / 
ud9et llne 
-·--~·--r Country 
ALBANIA 
LATIN AMERICA 
ALGERIA 
IANGOLA 
ARMENIA 
-'URBAIDJAN 
BANGLADESH 
1 
r-·· 
1BOUVIA 
1 
jB-ULGARIA 
1 
BRAZIL 
: type 
Contlid 
Diaplaced populalion 
Afghan rafugees 
Conllid 
Conflict 
Conflict 
Conflict 
Economic diffrcullies 
Economic difficulties 
Floods 
Diffirull situalion 
Diffta.1lt silualion 
Difficull silualion 
Cholera epldemic 
Diffta.1lt siluation 
Sanilary & Medical Aid 
Cholera epidemic 
Touaregs ratugees 
Saharahouis refugees 
Epidemics 
Nigerian and Mali refugees 
Saharahouis refugees 
T ouaregs refugees 
T ouaregs refugees 
Floods 
Evaluation Mission 
Touaregs refugees 
Anned conftict 
Difficult winter 
Refugees & displaced poputalion 
Refugees & displaced populalion 
Aid lo disabled peopte 
Food aid 
•Oisplac:ed population 
Food aid 
Refugees & displaced populalion 
Food aid 
Refugees & displaced populalion 
Food aid 
Displac:ed population 
Foodaid 
Food aid 
Refugees from Myanmar 
Refugees from Myarvnar 
Refugees from Myanmar 
Cyclon 
Medical Aid to Minsk 
Medical Aid 
MedicalAlcl 
Cholera epidemy 
Choter• epidemy 
Floods 
Floods 
Cholera epidemy 
Floods 
Droughl 
Evaluation of Medical Needs 
MedicalAid 
Cholera epidemic 
A1d for ch1ldren 
Medical A1d 
--1 9 9 2 
OECISIONS Cln ECUI 
dale amounl 10111 
2,000,000 
02/07192 1,000,000 
20/10/92 500,000 
11/12/92 500,000 
2,000,000 
25/02/92 500,000 
500,000 
20102/92 500,000 
05103192 500,000 
02/04/92 1,000,000 
2,000,000 
1 
1 i 
! 
i 
1 
,41') 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 
OECISIONS Cln ECU\ DECISIONS lln ECU\ 
d1le 1mounl lotal date 1mount total 
24/02/94 1,985 000 
12/07/94 1,975,000 
17/05/94 715,000 
23111/94 3,620,000 
01/12/94 450,000 
07/12/94 1,500,000 
21/12/94 620,000 
2,750,000 12,315,000 
13/12193 106,000 
14/12193 350,000 22103/94 175,000 
17/08/94 300,000 
16/09/94 200,000 
25110/94 550,000 
15112/94 450,000 
456,000 1,675,000 
1S/06/93 500,000 
23/09/93 225,000 
06/12/93 300,000 
14/12/93 200,000 
21/03/94 1,100,000 
17/05194 550,000 
22/08/94 400,000 
15/11/94 500,000 
01/12/94 35,00Ö 
08/12/94 350,000 
1,225,000 2,135,000 
26/07/93 1,000,000 30/11/94 fl,000,000 
1,000,000 1,000,000 
21/01/94 75,000 
03/03194 230,000 
07/04/94 3,500,000 
26104/94 200,000 
11/07/94 4,000,000 
20/07/94 5,450000 
15/11/94 2,000,000 
07/12/94 2,614,000 
15112/94 520,000 
11,511,000 
071'04194 3,000.000 
11/07/94 5,000000 
20/07/94 5.000000 
15111/94 1,500,000 
07/12/94 2,500000 
17,000,000 
i 
17105194 500000 
500,000 
121/0619,4 ~~ 10/11/94 1,0000~ 
l.t.Jl'lll»'I 1.100.000 ~ 
~3 270,000 
29110193 15,000 
14112/93, 150,000 
! 11/04/94 230,000 
28/03/94 410 000 
26/05194 250,000 
07/12/94 225,000 
445,000 1,115,000 
1005194 4,ouo, 
08/12/94 1,000,000 
1,004,vuu 
30/07/93 100,000: 12/07/94 150,000 
24/11/93 370,000 1 
i 01/12/94 4so,oou7 
: 470,0001 
l 600,1)00 
LI -
';_ * * * : :' * •. * ... ~. .. *. -, * 
k * * ' * ~-----:-•-Al'/NEXS 
04/01195 
Jetailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
!;, ,Jrce of 
• onance / 
Uudget 11111 Country 
IBURUNDI 
ICAMBO.blA -----
1 
! 
CAUCASUS 
CHILE 
i 
rOLOMmA 
kueA 
EGYPT 
EL SALVADOR 
ECUADOR 
EX-USSR type 
date 1 9 9 2 
DECISIONS lln ECU) 
amount total date 1 9 9 3 
DECISIONS lln ECUI 
amount total date 1 9 9 4 
DECISIONS rtn Et::UI 
amount total 
Displaced Populalion ~---- _______ -~-----+----~----'----~-1.....;5/-'-1;;;;2/94..:.....;..L-....-'fi"'-oo;;...;;_;;o.:.;;,oc.:coo-'-.L. ____ -11 
5,000,000 
lntemal troubles 
Rerugees repatnation 
lnlemal troubles 
lnlemal troubles 
Displaced population 
Medical aid for vidims of mInes 
Medical aid for vidims of mines 
lntemal troubles 
Medical Aid to Armenia-Georgia-Azerbaijan 
Refugees & Displaced Population 
Pouring rain 
Epidemic 
Earthquake 
Oifficult situation 
Typhone 
Neuropathic epidemy 
Neuropalhic epidemy 
Medical Aid 
MedicalAid 
MedicalAid 
Medical Aid 
Evaluation 07"2192 
---------~---250,000 
--
-------·--
----
--- --·· ---Neuropalhic epidemy 
Medical & Nutritional Aid 
Gordon Cyclon 
----250,000 
Earthquake 
Floods and f.-e 
Floods and fire 
Floods 
Cholera Epidemic 
Honduran Refugees 
Landslide 
Landslide 
Situation in Estonia 
Problems in Azerbaidjan 
Problems in Ann6nie 
Problems n Azerbaldjan 
Problems in Azerbaldjan 
Ann6nie -Haut Karabagh 
Displaced population in Azerbaldjan 
Displac:ed population in Tadjikistan 
Displaced populatlon n Tadjikistan 
Ref. & displ. in Arm6nie et georgie 
Ref. & displ. in Azerb. & Haut-Kar. 
Displaced population in Armenie 15/10/92 500,000 
23/10/92 200,000 
31/01/92 250,000 
21/02/92 500,000 
21/02192 500,000 
20/03/92 500,000 
15/04/92 500,000 
11/08/92 500,000 
11/12/92 500,000 
15/12/92 300,000 
Problems in Azerbllldjan 
Problem1 in Azerbaldjan [ _ _ -: . ___ _ 
Displaced population in Georgia ~ _____ _ 
Problem1 in Azerbaldjan ____ _ __ 
Epidemy 1n Caucaso 
Problems in Azarbaldjan r-- 1-·---· 
Displaced population in AzerbaldJan ~ 
1 --1 
lnlemal problems in Moscow f ~ 
Displaced population in Georgia . -~,-__-=:_-=_-=_-_-_-_-_,-j 
Reparation of Electtical Supplies in Armenia ~ 
1 Refugees and displaced pop. in Kirghistan :=====·t========: 
Refugees and displaced pop. in Tadjikistan ,----+------, 
Refugees and displaced pop. in AzerbaidJ. ._ ___ _._, ___ __,_ 
Refugees and displaced pop. in Annenia ,_1 ___ 1 ____ 1 
Refugees and displaced pop in Georgia ,...1 ------~1 
Oisplaced population in Ucrania and Russ.I ___ __;__ ___ _______,! 
Displaced population in Azerbaidjan ,_1 __ _.._ ___ --;1 
Medical Aid in Ucrania and Bielorussia 1 ! 
Refugees and displaced pop_ in Georgia 1 1 Refugees and d,splaced pop_ in Kirghistan ~ J 
Ref. and disp. pop. in Arm . Georgia, Azerb _ _;_ ____ __J 
~ 1 q 500,000 
200,000 i4J05/93 1!000.000 --
01 io? i93 2so.ooo 
14/12193 ----250,000 
14/12/93 285,000 
07/05/93 500,000 
04/10/93 470,000 
1 
31/03/93 500,000 
22/07/93 3,500,000 
22/07/93 2,000,000 
11/11/93 480,000 
11/11/93 500,000 
11/11/93 495,000 
14/12/93 330,000 
>------------·-------. -
r-----·--,-----------
28/04/93 270,000 
27/07/93 80,000 
11/01/93 500,000 
17 /02/93 4,000,000 
17 /02/93 9,500,000 
14/04/93 500,000 
19/04/93 980,000 
10/06/S~ ~~~~ 
14/06/93 2,700,000 
22/0f/93 r· ·-2,aoo,000 
ieu--=·m!~ 
129/09/93 3,000,000 
04/10/93 300,000 
14/10/93 i 500,000 
22/11/93. 425,000 
06/12/931 3,100,00() 06112193r--uoo,ooo 
07/12/93 3,000,000 
07112/93 3,000,000' 
07112/93 3,000,000 
07 /12/93 4,000,000 1 
~ 14/12/93 i 500,000 ! 
: 14/12/931 500,0001 
~L~l>t!.0.J 
114/12/93 1 500,0001 
l_!4.{12/93L_ ~01>,1>~~] 1,785,000 
500,000 
470,000 
7,805,000 
350,000 14/03/94 1,000,000 
14/06/94 256,000 
21/11/94 380,000 
15/12/94 600,000 
30/08/94 1,400,000 
07112/94 100,000 
09/06/94 700,000 
22,02194 ~~o 
16/02/94 3,510 000 2eiooi94~ --u~soo 
07/12/94 350 000 
10/11/94 500,000 
08/12/94 130,000 
1 
07/12/94 170,0001 
07/12/94 170,000 
~-l --~--~--
L _ _j_ ___ l t _ ----~--___ l 
t-· 1 : 
1,__ _ ___, ______ ; 
1 
L . --: ------2,236,000 
1,500,000 
700,000 
14,054,600 
630,000 
340,000 
•*• * .• * * ,-.., * • • *•* __. ... #-•WI 
04/01/\IS 
·o~tailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Co~ntries Benefitii~fr~H~-~~it;-;ia-~-A;~i~ta-nce 1992-94--__ J 
::~n-nc~ •• -~,-.----C-ou_n_try __ -,. ______ ty_pe ______ _,__-_-_-[-OEC:s,~:1t{!n EC!!L 0~~1:,;~-~~~-----~~f;_o~
1s_ ,Un ECU) _ 
;au_d_g_•'_"_"_•__.__ _____ __, _____________ ~---~-a--1--• --•~:~:~ __ _::__ ::=d_=•::;l:;::•::;::;:=•=m:::o::;un=t~ _ __::~ J amount __ toul _ 
j 5§EEE~ ~~-~----~ __ E=~---~--· i,
4l,i'
1(
219~
3! !
5f
09:
0°,:0
00~
0~ =-~= ~ 
Refugees and displaced pop. in Tadjikistan t: _ 1_ 
EX-YOUGOSLAVIA 
GEORGIA 
GUATEMALA 
HAITI 
HONDURAS 
INDIA 
INuuNESIA 
IRAK Contlict 
Conllicl 
Conftict 
Conflict 
Conflict 
Conflict 
Chemical polutiotl in Mont6n6gro 
Conflicl 
Contlicl 06/03/92 3,000,000 
08/04/92 1,500,000 
15/04/92 1,500,~~ 
06/05192 30,000,000 
02107/92 120,000,000 
01/10/92 120,000,000 
23/11/92 110:000 mm2 --is1.2if 
Oisplac:ed population in Croatia 
Oisplaced population in Bosnia-Herzegovina =-=-: --__ 
Conflict 
Displaced population in Croatia 
Conllict 
Contlicl 
Contlict 
Conflict 
Conllicl --------+----
Oisplac:ed population in Bosnla-Herzegovina ,_e----__ ·---------__ _, 
Ex-Yugoslavia, Montenegro 
Conflict 
Connicl 
Conflict 
Conllict 
Oiaplaced population 1n Bosnia-Herzegovina ----+-----1 
Diaplaced population 1n Bosnla-Herze ,ovina ,__ ___ ,__ ___ _. 
Oisplaced populalion in Croatia 
Conllid 
Conflict 
Refugees and displaced populalions 
Refugees and displaced populallons 
Conllict 
Refugees and displaced populetion 
Evaluation & Coordilatiotl 
Food aid 
Displaced populatiotl 
Food aid 
Refugees and displaced population 
Food aid 
lntemal troublel 
Repatriatiotl of Refugees 
Repatrlation of Refugeea 
Medical & Nutnional Aicl 
Events 
Gordon Cyclon 
Gert Hlfficane 
Floods ---------
..----------< 
.,___+------! 
1 3,550,000 51,295,000 
03/03/93 60,000,000 
29/04193 500,000 
05/05/93 500,000 
10/06/93 100,000,000 
12107/93 260,000 
22/07193 7,350,000 
22/07193 50,000,000 
OSJ08193 200,000 
05/08/93 35,000 
13/08/93 180,000 
27/08/93 517,195 
10/09193 268,000 
10/09193 270,000 
22/10,/93 72,082,715 
16/11193 18,1117,285 
06112/93 88,000,000 
277,067,297 395,080,195 
----
--
24/11193 250,0001 
250,000 
1 __ _l_ 
04/10,/93 200,000 
13/12/93 395,000 
595,000 
04/10,/93 500,000 
11/10,/93 360,000 
02/12/93 ------
--
------------------
-, 
- 1 
-l 
1 -- i --
1 
-l l -- J l l 
27/01/94 275,000 
1 24/02/94 4,000,000 
03/03/94 24,400,000 
03/05/94 47,340,000 1 
12/07/94 33,981,000 :j 
19109/94 1,800,000 j 
29/09/94 1,580,000 1 
17/11/94 158,000,000 
2<0,m.0001 
07/04/94 3,000,000 
12/04/94 60,000 
11/07/94 4,000,000 1 
20/07/94 5,620,000 1 
15111/94 2.000,000 l 07112/94 2,386,000 
23/12/94 240,000 
17,30&,000 
17/02/94 360,000 
21/11/94 470,000 
830,000 
04/07/94 2,000,000 
20/10/94 12,000,000 ; 
24/11/94 3,000,000 l 
1-r.-000-:000 j 
j 
1 
·---~ Earthquake 
Earthquake 
E811hquaka __ ,.____ ___ ....__ ________ _.__ __ ,__~--==-==....-----------L------80,000 
920,000 
Kurdish population 
Kurdish population 
Kurdish population 
Kurdish population 
Evaluation 
Kurdish populalion 
1 Food aid in north of Irak 
: Oifficult 1iluation 
1 Vulnerable Populahon 
! 14/12/92 250000 
250,000 
f---;-------{ 
[ __ ----~----~ -J_ -(öoö,oöö 
ti / 9 ----1 
--
15/06/93 2,000,000 
18/06/93 9,500,000 
11/10/93 3,250,000 
08/12/93 8,750,000 ! 
03/02/94 125,000 
24/06/94 4,690,000 
>-----~-----i ~-----------05/08/94 1,700,000 
08/12/94 14,000 000 1 ; -----if,soo,ooo~- . --=-----:z·i;-m;oöo; 11 /08/94 2,000,ootf 
••• * •• * * I'-\ * * * *•* -E--C--H--0-ANNEXS 
04/011115 
·oetailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
1 1 t t 2 1 t 1 3 1 1 t 4 
t5ourc• of DECISI0NS lln ECUI DECISIONS fin ECUl DECISIONS nn FCII\ 
1Flnance/ Country type 
Budget lln• date amount lotal dale amount tolat date amount total 
ISRAEL lntemal troubleS 1n occupied tarrlt. 05101/93 1,750,000 
lntemal troubleS in occupied territ. 22J06/93 2,450,000 
lntemal troublH in occupied territ. 27/07/93 500,000 
lntemal troublH in OCQJPied territ. 06112/93 5,700,000 
lntemal troubles in oc:cupied lerrit. 28f03194 2,300 000 
Sanitaty Aid to Pllestinian Population 03/06/94 2,,00,000 
! 10,400,000 ,,100,000 
1 KIRGHYSTAN Flood1 1 25J05/94 250,000 
Foodaic:I 11/07194 3,000 000 
i Flood1 1 30I08J94 1000000 
Foodald 15/111941 2,000,000 
· 1,250,000 
; 
LAOS Oroughl 25,'04/94 1,500,000 
1,500,000 
UBAN \;Onnict 30/07/93 500,000 
Conflict 04108/93 500000 
Medical Ald '°' children 1'4112/93 .00,000 
Medical Ald fO( c:hildren 1'4112/93 .00.000 
1,800,000 
( 
1 MEXICO lnlemal troubles 1 21/06/94 770,000 
: lntemal troubles 01/12194 280,000 
1,050,000 
MYANMAR MedlcalAid 16112194 240,Q®-
240,000 
-rii.a m••• Floodl !lTL/Ul,j/}f'I I DW,000 
Foodaid 15/111941 2.000 000 
Z.500,000 
MON~uLIA MealCalAid nJCJl/93 1,000,000 
MedlcalAld 1 2CY10/93 320,000 08112194 1,000,000 
Econornic difficulllea 1'4112/93 IKIU.000 
1,120,000 1,000,000 
NAGORNO KARABA VICtim1 of Fighling 07/04/94 850,000 
Vidims of Fighting 15/11194 500,000 
1,350,000 
~EPAL ~ 09102/93 800,000 
Bulhanls refugeea 23/07/93 500,000 
Flood1 27/07/93 500,000 
1,800,000 
NICARAGUA Ealhquelle 07109/92 250,000 
Volc:anic eruptlon 15/04/92 250,000 
! Bret Hurricane 10/09/93 200000 
Bret Hurricane 1"12/93 500,000 
Medica~ulrtional Ald 01/1;mM 500,000 
500,000 700,000 500,000 
PAKJ&TAN Floods 21/09/92 250,000 07/1MM 200000 
Afpnsrefugees 1-111.uw 230,0001 
Criquets pelerins invasions 15109193 200,000 1 
250,000 '30,000 200,000 
PALESTINI: Deported Palettwllanl 29112/92 50,000 
50,uuu 
1 
PAMQUAY Floods WlllS/92 250,000 
250,uuu 
Pl:RU Floods 27/07/93 250,uuu 
Cholera epidemic 04/11193 15,000 
Cholera epidemic 13/12/93 175,000 
Floods 16103194 500,000 
Civil Conllict & Floods 10/05194 780,000 
Displaced Populalion 16106194 110,000 
Dilplaced Children 1 28111/SM 530000 
Floods 08/12/94 .00,000 
1 510,000 2,320,000 
~IUPPINl::5 Vok:anO Pinatubo 21109/92 500.DOOI 
Typhon 17/02/94 200000 
Floods 13/10J9.t 160,000 
Earthquake 07/12/94 200000 
500,000 150,000 
i RUMANIA Difficult situation 13/12193 350,000 
719 
*** * •. * * 1--\ * * * *** 
.. #Mii ... :-•-
Detailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
Sourc, of 
Fln1nce / 
:e udget llne 
l 
1 
1 Country 
RUSSIA 
RWANDA 
SOMALIA 
SRI LANKA 
SUDAN 
TAJIKISTAN 
TCHERNOBIL EFF. 
TURKEY 
UKRAINE 
URUGUAY •ARGENTI 
VENEZUELA 
VIETNAM 
YEMEN 
-
iZAIRE 
IZJMBABWE type 
d1te 
tntamal troubles 
Medical aid to MOICU 
Food aid for old people in Moscow 
Medical aid to russian federation 
lnlemal Troubles 
Medical and Nutritional aid 
lntemal Troublea 
Displac:ed populalion 
Conflict 
Conflic:t 
Conflict 
Conllid 
Conftict & Cholera 
Conftict 
Conflict 
Conflid 
Confllc:t 
Conflict 
lntemal conflid 
Civil Confliå 
Civil Confliå 
Displac:ed Populalion 
lntemal confliCIIOrought 
Refugaes & Oisplaced Populalion 
Refugaes & displac:ed population 
Food aid 
Refugees & displaced population 
Refugees & displaced populalion 
Studies and evaluations 
MIIOIC8IAid 
Medical Aki 
Ear1hquake 21/09/92 
Medical aid for lhe children vidms of Chemo >il 
Cholera epidemic 
Miseellaneoul 
Vac:dnation Programme 
Floods 19/06/92 
Hunicane Bret 
MedicalAid 
Floods and typhon . 
Floods 
Rerugees Somalians & Elhiopians 2SI02/92 
Refugee1 Somalians 03/04/92 
Floods 
Conftict 
Refugees & Oisplaced Population 
Confliå 
Displaced population 
lntemal confliå drought 
1 General Studies 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 
DECISIONS tln ECUI DECISIONS Iin ECUI DECISIONS fin ECUI 
1mount totll d1t1 1mount total d1te 1mount lotll 
350,000 
10/02/94 500,000 
05/04/94 500,000 
25/05/94 960,000 
04108/94 5,000,000 
01/09/94 100,000 
10/11/94 2,100,000 
23/12/94 310,000 
9,470,000 
1 19/02/~rJ~ 
2,000,000 0 
09/07193 4,500 000 
05/04/94 1,051,000 
12/04194 2,500,000 
19/04/94 150,000 
10/05/94 688,273 
20/05194 165,000 
06/06/94 1,152,978 
27/06J94 1,133,808 
01/12/94 497 500 
15/12/94 1,000,000 
4,500,000 8,331,359 
14/12/93 150,000 
16/06/94 250,000 
07/12/94 365,000 
150,000 115,000 
19/02/93 400,000 
25/08/93 700,000 
07/12/94 8,000,000 
' 1,100,000 1,000,000 
28/04/94 360,000 
11/07/94 4,000,000 
04/08/94 5,000,000 
07/09/94 350,000 
10/11/94 115,000 
1,125,000 
122/03/94 1,300 000 
10/11/94 100,000 
2,100,000 
500,000 
500,000 
25/05194 350000 
18/10/94 200000 
18/10/94 230,000 
15/12/94 1,680,000 
2.460,000 
400,000 
400,000 
13/08/93 150,000 
150,000 
110,000 
25110/94 500000 
07/12/94 250000 
110,000 750,000 
100 000 
600,000 
23/03/93 75,000 
25/05/94 300,000 
09/06194 720,000 
30/05/94 200000 
600,000 75,000 1,220,000 
1 19,o~u ____ hjoöpo1ff- ______ J ______ ·--; ------·-··--------·-· 1,300,000 
17/03193 12,000,---
12,000 
500,000 
500,000 
1 
8 1 9 /,").. 
••• ... . . . *M* * * *** 
C: H 0 
Detailed Breakdown of Financial Decisions by Countries Benefitting from Humanitarian Assistance 1992-94 
1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 
Sourc• of OECISIONS fin ECU\ OECISIONS Iin ECU\ OECISIONS tin ECU\ 
Finance/ Country type 
Budg•t Iin• date amount total date amount total dat• unount total 
RESERVE tcWandan & ~ relugees & c>splac:ed pop. 2tl!r.W4 12,000,000 
Refugees & cisplaced 1n Cenlral & East Alrica 21109194 4,500 000 
Oisaster preparedness 21/10/94 862,574 
Olsester preparedness 28/11194 64:i,000 
Olsaster preparedness 01/12194 1,58:Z.213 
Oisasler preparedness 08/12194 80000 
Olsaster preparedness 15.112194 402,175 
Oisa51er preparedness 1lil12194 1:10,000 
Evelultion 15.112194 80,000 
Food Ald Eva._,.llon 16/12194 40,000 
20,011,182 
TOT AL BUDGET : 1 298,317,297 I 1 514,833,1951 500,900,821 
GRAND TOTAL : 1 .n11öi!1m1 1 sö3.,, •. m1 1 T•• 
11 
EC CONTRACTS FOR HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANLE 1990-94 
TYPEOF 
CONTRACT 
EC COMMISSION-DIRECT 
COMMISSIONll:Cnu / 
COMMISSION/AEC 
DELEGATIONS 
SUBTOTAL 
MEMBER STATE GOVNTS 
BELGIUM ,) ;,_, , 
FRANCE 
ITALY" .: ;:'t 
NETHERLANDS 
SPAIN. \( ,;,' > 
UK 
SUBTOTAL 
OTHER GOVERNMENTS 
IWESTERN :iAMO"'' •;, 
MOZAMBIQUE 
GRENADA, : : .. ,, 
TRINIDAD ANO TOBAGO 
WALLIS AND FORTUNA· 
NEW CALLEDONIA 
FIDJI 
CROATIA/MACEDONIA 
SUBTOTAL 
ECNGOs(1) 
BELGIUM .. • 
DENMARK 
FRANCE . , ,,,,, 
GERMANY GREECE .... 
IRELAND 
IT AL y,: '\•+1?'. \ 
LUXEMBOURG 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UK 
SUBTOTAL 
OTHER NGOs (1) 
NORWAY ':':, 
AUSTRALIA 
SWITZERLÄJ-1D , 
USA 
SUBTOTAL 
LOCAL NGOs (1) 
!ANGOLA ' 
BANGLADESH 
BOLMA 
CHILI 
ELSALVADOR 
ETHIOPIA 
GHANA 
IRAQ -MISC • 1990 
LEBANON•· 
OCC. TERRITOTY (ISRL) 
PAKISTAN 
PHILIPPINES 
SUDAN ~ 
TURKEY 
SUBTOTAL 
UNITED NATIONS 
IWl"P 
FAO 
!WHO 
UNDRO 
UNHCR 
UNICEF 
UNDP 
UNRWA 
SPECIAL UN OPERATIONS 
SUBTOTAL ' 
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORG. 
ICRC 
FIRC 
CARITAS INTERNA TtONAL 
SUBTOTAL 
Decomitmments 
TOTAL 
(1) DICUll>INO NIJIO>IAL IJD noss ASSOCIJJ'ONS Ii 1990 
ECU 
43,zzz,500 
0 
0 
43,222,500 
'·'· 
0 
·.·' 21:t,000 
1,000,000 
, 100,000 
100,0~ 
;· 
" 
1,415,000 1991 1992 
ECl.i ECU 
1,793,855 8,474,142 
0 2,524,500 
220,000 370,000 
2,013,855 11,368,642 
1,300,000 20,000,000 '. 
4,812,000 1,526,340 
42,500 
1,822,000 
1,233,000 / 
4,252,000 
13,461,500 21,526,340 
0 30D,000 
75.~ 
250,000 
24 700 000 
25,325,000 . 1993 
ECU 
45,324,321 
8,318,64S 
1,552,000 
55,194,966 
25,000 
0 
0 
0 .o 
3,521195 
3,546,195 
400,00D 
10,000 000 
10,400,000 
,/ 10,941,000 28,155,900 >< ~,187,650 ;-' 25,098,353 
2,815,000 4,630,000 26,313,000 48,724,057 
... ··::/:':6,171,SDC>. :;, ';, i1,0S7i209 .. ·::,38,5]9,700 88,634,711 
1,260,000 6,374,000 460,187 24,769,700 
;? ·:.:-~~.~~ !L. ~'.~J~.~~ •. \f!:~:::::: :·\.:~:::: · 
'•,:,: :t:Jl :~~ooö ·< .:· 4.273,soo '"·':?;a,943,~o liit\16,40&,961·• 
··., D O O O 
5;575,000 ''S,274,500 \: ;t,314,CCO :;'f'i15.212,795 
' :1;: 235;000 . '' .. , . . 216,100 ... ~::::: : .19,~~:~~ 
an,ooo i,4oe,J20 2 394.500 22,8J&,es1 
29,249,500 87,685,529 111,446,577 263,480,750 
::,,,;,, ,';.: 
7.231;000 •••. 
0 
7,231,000 
237,000 
•• ::/ 1 
,;: : ·./·:;"1.;i; 
1,200,000 
325,000 
0 
1,762,000 
Z,l~,UUU 
''.' ·a 
500,000 
S,1)44,000 
1,687,000 
300,000 
770,000 
0 
11,25',uvu 
12,138,000 
2,016,000 
14,154,000 
108 290,000 727,000 '·· 
3,761,000 
290,000 
4,718,000 
338,000 
t,o,ooo ., 
~~o.ooo 
J.64~00 
2,400 000 
3,652,400 
16,B:»J,0OO 
,, 0 
0 
22,640,500 
5,547,000 
1t8,000 
1286,000 
46,524,500 
27,593,000 
5,651,000 
33,244,000 
191359784 i! ;<:~20~000 
1,232,000 
1,552,000 
y. ,:•; ;,.·,_.; 
300,000 
·.1·:: i.11•:•• \ 
70,000 
58,000 
50,000 
500,000 
.~1.~ 
·;~rii 
1,089,626 
.· 35,s;,1,:wst 
3,801,500 
110,000 
, 71.232,510 
4,127,000 
470,500 
262,000 
122,843,166 
35,073.900 
1,666,000 
70,000 
36,809,900 
331,961,251 0 
5,675,132 
1,679,565 
7,354,697 
175,000 
2,520,000 
800,000 
1,245,000 
4,740,000 
71,318,1111 
868,000 
1,250,000 
87,955,354 
13,631,598 
6,000,000 
700,000 
189,723,733 
38,006,820 
26,001,135 
491,560 
64,499,515 
(985,688) 
597,954,168 IN%OF 
TOTAL 
7.6%. 
1.4% 
0.3% 
9.2% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.6% 
0.6% ANNEX 6 
A:i PLR 04-Jw.,ary-199) 
1994 
ECU IN%OF 
TOTAL 
85,590,333 14.1% 
5,541,500 0.9% 
0.0% 
91,131,833 15.0% 
4,648,000 
129,000:)·, 0.8% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
D.0% 
0.0% 
4,777,000 0.8% 
0.0% D.0% 
0.0% 0.0% 
0.0% 0.0% 
0.0% 0.0% 
0.0% 0.0% 
0.0% 0.0% 
0.1°4 0.0% 
1.7% 1 800,000 0 3% 
1.1°1,'.-1 --~1,'=90=0=-'-:,0=0=0---0=-:3=%-
4.2% 
8.1% 
· 14.8% 
4.1% 
0.1% 
0.2% 
2;1"./o 
0.0% 
2.5% 
0.1% 
3.2% 
3.8% 
44.1% 
0.0% 
0.9% 
0.3% 
1.2% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.4% 
0.1% 
0.2% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.8% 
11.9% 
0.1% 
1.5% 
0.0% 
14.7% 
2.3% 
0.0% 
1.0% 
0.1% 
31.7% 
6.4% 
4.3% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
10.8% 
100.0% 29,36,4,310 4.8% 
24,248,000 4.0% 
, 139,67~,299/ > 14.8% 
22,304,380 3.7% 
,' : 7'.30~00Q."' , <>0.1% 
1;040,000 0.2% 
15,720il25' / ' 2.6% 
200,000 0.0% 
· 20,970,993 3.5% 
2,232,500 0.4% 
20,246,375 ', 3.3% 
28,031,623 4.6% 
254,763,605 41.9% 
900,000 
250,000 
3,246,349 
1,300,730 
5,697,079 
600,000 
600,000 
43,220,716 
0 
0 
140,996,038 
11,338,135 
450,000 
2,720,250 
198,725,139 
21,637,000 
28,448,603 
50,085,603 
607,580,259 0.1% 
0.0% 
· 0.5% 
0.2% 
0.9% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.1% 
7.1% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
23.2% 
1.9% 
0.0% 
0.1% 
0.4% 
32.7% 
3.6% 
4.7% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
8.2% 
100.0% 
(l)Tl!IMAIN UASONWlfl' 1N u,i na:coN"B.ACr AMOIIWn(l21 '4CU)All11UBnAH1W.1.JL,OWD. nlANTllIDl.clSION AM01Jlll'S()61 MJ:CV)ISniATJJ) '4<:\I HAS BJDI DIUCll.Y >.DM!NISTIJUDBY 00 Vl(nOOA) 
1N ACCOkDAJ<C,: Wltll TllI COMWISIION DI.CISlON or 2 J\l1. T 1992 IIDIQ. COllnACTI IIAVE am, !IONII) I T 00 VI roa nGS A.MOUIIT ANO NOT IC>IO TllI J.D<AININO DIJJDD<Cl'. ( 1 2 ) M1.CU ) CONSJ.m5 OJ 
ACCIJMVI.AJtD ANDllNUSIJ> ltDDlvtS n.OM AI-U01 NIJMIID OF ACTIONI Dl 1"1 WIIIN EOIO'IICIJ4 FUU,y OPD.IJIONAL 1N lAALJ 1"1 ML\SIJU3 WDs: IMMIDIJJUY T/JCDI TO DIS\JIU TI-IIJ AU. llISillVU 
*** * •• * *M* * * *•* ANNEX 7 
Breakdown of Community Aid to the Former 
Yu oslavia, 1991-1994 b Re ublic 
Republic 
Bosnia-Herzegovina 
Croatia (+UNPAS) 
Serbia and Montenegro 
Slovenia 
F.Y.R. ofMacedonia 
Ali Repub/ics 
Turkey and Hungary 
Total % 
50.1% 
23.0% 
18.0% 
0.7% 
4.2% 
3.8% 
0.2% 
100% 
Breakdown of Community Aid to the Former 
Yu oslavia, 1994 b Relief ltems 
Relief Items % 
FoodAid 30.8% 
Sanitation 7.5% 
Medicd/Aid 18.5% 
Logistics 19.9% 
Psychosocial 3.0% 
Emergency Rehabi/itation 9.7% 
Misce/laneous 10.6% 
Total 100% 
J) 
\ *** * .• * *M* * * ANNEX 8 
*** 
E C H 0 
JEC CONTRACTS WITH UN AGENCIES FOR HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 1990-1994j 
AS PER: 04-JANUARY- 1995 
UN AGENCY 1 1990 1 1991 I 1992 I 1993 I 1994 
WFP 
FAO 
WHO 
UNDRO 
UNHCR 
UNICEF 
UNDP 
UNRWA 
SPECIAL UN OPERA TIONS (1 
SUM EC/UN CONTRACTS 
~LL EC CONTRACTS 
REMARKS: Ecu tYö1%!ofM Ecu ~1~0~ Ecu ~J~~~ Ecu ~=~ Ecu rl~J.1;;: 
·-•---·--•"·· · ·-· · · ·· ..... · ........ · 43,220, 11 s 1i1tizäf% 71,318,781 . 
868,000 
9,250,000 
110,000 
78,232,580 :~2,1~1,~t 87,955,354 
4,127,000 Ei-t;tr~fffl 13,631,598 
ii~~t;~~J:t\~:~~~ 
470,500 
0 ~Q}J),(t~f 6,000,000 
262,000 lf.lfffl1. 700,000 
122,843, 166 131:oDJ] 189,723,733 0 1t1i!;[q~PO% 
o d:;~f;;o: 1föoJ0 
0 li;fJ;{g,;~i:o/o ; 
140,996,038 Åff~if2l% 
;:r:t~-~f t!U.~~:-· :<: ~: ~:;.;: 
11,338, 135 %Y1V1:s1% _ 
o :!:r~~I~rgO'¼· 
450,000 t 
2,720,250 
198,725,1391f4~,~~ 
1 ~h-':~::-:~,:;'~~':·;'.!:;,T'"':'·J r~s:;m:-_,:jp~:,>:.~-$:,:,1 wtf~:~:<4~$:,;;:i\t~1.j t~•~'f:,';{,i,z,t:~>:;r,.,.\~),1,jl r,;,,;1.c}'-}:.:::.:: :.. : ; i · 1 os,290,000 ii1:tf_Q~_ö:o:~?; 191,3s9,1s4;a~Jio:o.0W~'.i 331,9s1,2s1 1fä:ö1Qo%:1 597,954, 1 ss}ffä_(tl'.ö'.ö}vi so1,sso,2ss.;;1oö~oo.04 
(1) PAHO operations are lncluded as a UN organization since PAHO acts as the regional organization representative for WHO in the Americas. 
Up until 1992 "emergency food aid" was not lncluded ln the "EC contracts• (administered by the 0G VIII 
Food Aid Division). From 1993 all contracts are included in the amounts shown. lf "emergency food aid" 
channelled through the UN agencies in 1992 (15 MECU) is added to the contracts, the total for 1992 would 
be 137 MECU (122 MECU plus 15 MECU) or.43 % of ali contracts. 
-ANNEX 9 
EUROPEAN--COMMISSION (ECHO) FINANCIAL DECISIONälNFAVOUROF THE AFFECTED 
BURUNDI/RWANDAN POPULATION since the 21st October 1993 until December 1994 
AMOUNTS IN ECU 
t==C=O~U_N_T~R_Y-Qo-_O_A~T-~~~-"'== ~Reaso,:i f_or Contribution 
BURUNDI 25111/93 Displaced Population 
25/11/93 Displaced PopulatJon 
25/11/93 Di"'.'laced Population 
22/12/93 Displaced Population 
03/02/94 Displaced Populabon 
28/03/94 Displaced Populabon 
17 /05/94 Burundi Repatriates and Rwandan Refugees 
15/12/94 Oisplaced Population 
REGIONAL 21/12/93 Burundi Refugees 
16/03/94 Burundi Refugees 
27/05/94 Rwandan, Burundi. Tanzania Refugees 
21/06/94 Rwandan. Burundi, Tanzania Refugecs 
20/07/94 Rwanda, Burundi.Zaire, Uganda, Tanzania 
27/07/94 Rwanda. Burundi.Zaire, Uganda, Tanzania 
21/09/94 Refugees & Disp pop. in CentraVEast Africa 
20/12/94 Rwandan/Burundi Populabons PARTNER AMOUNT TOTAL 
ICRC/NGO 1,000,000 
UN 1,000.000 --
NGO 1,000,000 
NGO 1,000,000 
NGO/UN __ _J_,000.~ 
NGO/UN 14,000,000 -
NGO ---~000.000 
NGO 5,000,000 f------+----------- -
25,000,000 
NGO/UN/lFRC 18,300,~ 
NGO/UN 13,500,000 
UNHCR/ICRC 12,000,000 
UNHCR 19,000,000 
'HCR/NGOnCI 12,000,000 
UN/NGOnCRC -~QQi;).000 
NGO 4,500,000 
NGO/UN/lFRC 45,000,000 -
199,300,000 
------+-----+------------------------,f-------+-----4------------< 
RWANOA 
ITANZANIA 
r-----
ZAIRE 
1 
1 
i 
! 
1 
1 1 
1 28/10/93 Burundi Refugees 
28/10/93 
1surundi Refugees 
28/10/93 jDisplaced population 
10/11/93 'Burundi Refugees 
15/12/93 Burundi Refugees 
04/02/94 Refugees and displaced population 
09/04/94 IConflict 
12/04/94 IContlict & Drought 
11 /05194 Conflict 
17/10/94 Rehabilitation-Electricity & Water 
15111/93
1surundi Refugees 
11/11/93 jBurundi Refugees 
29/04/94 ,Rwandan Refugees 
29/04/94 Rwandan Refugees 
TOTAL 1993-December 1994 NGO 
NGO 
NGO/UN 
UN 
NGO 
ICRC/NGO 
NGO 
NGO 
NGOnCRC 
GTZ 
NGO 
UN/NGO 
NGO 
NGO 1,000,000 
-~~.000 
1,000.000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
8,000,000 
500,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
5,000,000 
20,500,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
680,000 
( 
450,000 
3,130,000 
248,4301000 
----------------------------·· ---·· ------------ --____________________ ___, 
t....-) 

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