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COM (85) 799 
 
 
 
Vol. 1985/0 266 
  
 
Disclaimer  
Conformém ent au règlement (CEE, Euratom) n° 354/83 du Conseil du 1er février 1983 
concernant l'ouverture au public des archives historiques de la Communauté économique 
européenne et de la Communauté européenne de l'énergie atomique (JO L 43 du 15.2.1983, 
p. 1), tel que modifié par le règlement (CE, Euratom) n° 1700/2003 du 22 septembre 2003 
(JO L 243 du 27.9.2003, p. 1), ce dossier est ouvert au public. Le cas échéant, les documents 
classifiés présents dans ce dossier ont été déclassifiés conformément à l'article 5 dudit 
règlem ent. 
In accordance with Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 354/83 of 1 February 1983 
concerning the openi ng to the public of the historical archives of the European Econom ic 
Community and the European Atomic Energy Communit y (OJ L 43, 15.2.1983, p. 1), as 
amended by Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1700/2003 of 22 September 2003 (OJ L 243, 
27.9.2003, p. 1), this f ile is open to the public. Where necessary, classified documents in this 
file have been declassified in conformity with Article 5 of the aforementioned regulation.  
In Übereinstimmung mit der Verordnung (EWG, Euratom) Nr. 354/83 des Rates vom  1. 
Februar 198 3 über die Freigabe der historischen Archive der Europäischen  
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgem einschaft (ABI. L 43 vom  15.2.1983,  
S. 1), geändert durch die Verordnung (EG, Euratom) Nr. 1700/2003 vom 22. Septem ber 2003  
(ABI. L 243 vom 27 .9.2003, S. 1), ist diese Datei der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. Soweit  
erforderlich, wurden die Verschlusssachen in dieser Datei in Übereinstimmung mit Artikel 5  
der genannten Verordnung freigegeben.  
KOMMISSION DER EUROPÄISCHEN GEMEINSCHAFTEN
KOM(85> 799 endg.
Brüssel, den V3!. Dezember 1985
KREBSBEKÄMPFUNGSHAßNAHMEN
MITTEILUNG DER KOMMISSION AN DEN RAT
KOM(85) 799 endg.

1.
EINLEITUNG
1. Der Europäische Rat von Mailand (28. und 29. Juni 1985) bezeugte 
Interesse an einem französischen Memorandum, in dem ein koordi­
niertes europäisches Vorgehen zur Krebsbekämpfung gefordert und 
dessen Wert herausgestellt wurde, das die bestehenden Strukturen 
voll nutzbar macht.
Der italienische Präsident des Ministerrats richtete daraufhin 
zu diesem Thema ein Schreiben an die Staats- und Regierungschefs 
sowie an den Präsidenten der Kommission der Europäischen Gemein­
schaften.
Der Europäische Rat von Luxemburg (2. und 3. Dezember 1985) nahm 
eine französisch-italienische Mitteilung zu dieser Frage zur 
Kenntnis und forderte die Minister für auswärtige Angelegen­
heiten auf, auf ihrer nächsten Tagung Mittel und Wege für 
schnelle und effektive Folgemaßnahmen auf diese Initiative zu 
prüfen.
Die Kommission begrüßt diese Initiativen und teilt die in den 
vorgenannten Unterlagen ausgedrückten Standpunkte voll und ganz.
MAßNAHMEN DER GEMEINSCHAFT
2. Die Kommission hat bisher eine Reihe von Maßnahmen eingeleitet, 
die in verschiedener Weise zur Krebsbekämpfung beitragen (1).
3. Was die Verhütung angeht, so hat der Rat Richtlinien erlassen, 
die sich unmittelbar auf die Krebsentstehung durch physikalische 
und chemische Agenzien auswirken. Die "Grundnormen für den Ge­
sundheitsschutz der Bevölkerung und der Arbeitskräfte gegen die 
Gefährdung durch ionisierende Strahlungen" und der "Schutz der 
Arbeitnehmer vor der Gefährdung durch chemische,
(1) Eine "Übersicht" über diese Maßnahmen ist in der Anlage bei­
gefügt.

2.
physikalische und biologische Agenzien einschließlich des 
Schutzes gegen Asbest und Vinylchlorid sind Beispiele für solche 
Richtlinien.
4. Im Lichte der Schlußfolgerungen des Europäischen Rates von 
Mailand hat die Kommission dem Rat den Vorschlag für eine Ent­
schließung über ein Aktionsprogramm der Europäischen Gemein­
schaften zur Verhütung von Krebs zugeleitet.  Zweck dieses Pro­
gramms ist es, die Gesundheit und Lebensqualität der Bürger in 
der Gemeinschaft zu verbessern und einen Rahmen zu schaffen, 
innerhalb dessen die bestehenden Maßnahmen und künftigen Ini­
tiativen auf dem Gebiet der Verhütung kohärenter gestaltet 
werden können. Die Ziele des Programms sind, der Zunahme der 
Krebserkrankungen Einhalt zu gebieten, Gesundheitsstrategien für 
krebserregende Faktoren zu erstellen, die Entwicklung von Unter- 
suchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden für die Bevölkerung zu ei—  
leichtern, den Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung sowie spe­
zifischer Gruppen der Bevölkerung zu überwachen, um Risiko­
faktoren für Krebs zu ermitteln und mit internationalen und 
nationalen Organisationen in diesem Bereich zusammenzuarbeiten 
und die Ergebnisse der Krebsforschung zur Anwendung zu bringen.
Krebsverhütung und -therapie müssen zweifellos einen wichtigen 
Bestandteil an Information und Erziehung des Publikums und der 
Berufskreise umfassen. Der Entschließungsentwurf schlägt daher 
vor, diesen Punkten gebührende Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken. Die 
Kommission wird sich bemühen, mit den einzelstaatlichen Behörden 
gemeinsam vorzugehen.
Dieser Vorschlag liegt dem Rat zur Diskussion vor.
5. Auf dem Gebiet der Forschung wurde im Rahmen gemeinschaftlicher 
Forschungsprogramme eine Reihe von Maßnahmen im Bereich Krebs­
entstehung und -behandlung unterstützt; diese betrafen haupt­
sächlich Gebiete wie Umweltschutz, Strahlenschutz und medizi­
nische Forschungsprogramme der EWG und der EGKS.

3.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist insbesondere das Koordinierungs- und 
Datenzentrum der europäischen Organisation für Krebsbehandlungs­
forschung (EORTC) finanziell unterstützt worden.
6. Die Kommission hat im Rat angekundigt, daß im Einklang mit den 
Schlußfolgerungen des Mailänder Gipfels (1) eine "Koordi­
nierungsaktion Krebs" in die Vorschläge zur Erneuerung ihres me­
dizinischen Forschungsprogramms aufgenommen wird, das dem Rat 
Anfang 1986 zu unterbreiten ist. Darin wird eine Aktion "Krebs" 
eindeutig herausgestellt, die sich auf folgende drei Gebiete 
konzentrieren soll :  Früherkennung und -diagnose, multidiszipli­
näre Behandlung (einschließlich Entwicklung und Verbesserung 
klinischer Versuche bei organorientierten Projekten) und Übei— 
tragung von Forschungsergebnissen. Bei der Durchführung dieses 
Programms wird die Kommission dafür Sorge tragen, daß die be­
stehenden Strukturen optimal genutzt werden.
SCHLUßFOLGERUNGEN
7. Auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene werden zur Zeit große 
Anstrengungen unternommen. Die Gemeinschaftsaktionen sind vor­
stehend beschrieben worden. Bei den jüngsten Europäischen Räten 
sind neue Initiativen vorgeschlagen worden. Geeignete Konsul­
tation und Koordinierung zwischen allen betroffenen Parteien ist 
deshalb in hohem Maße erwünscht, und der Gemeinschaftsrahmen 
dürfte eine Möglichkeit für die Entwicklung einer kohärenten 
Aktion "Europa gegen den Krebs" bilden, die die Ergebnisse der 
verschiedenen bereits laufenden Anstrengungen optimal zusammen­
fassen würde, ohne daß es zu einer Beeinträchtigung ihres 
effizienten Funktionierens oder zu Doppelarbeit kommt.
Als ersten Schritt beabsichtigt die Kommission, die Schirmheri— 
schaft über einen Ad-hoc-Sachverständigenausschuß, bestehend aus 
hochrangigen Wissenschaftlern und Krebsspezialisten, zu überneh­
men, der Empfehlungen darüber abgeben soll, wie eine europäische 
Aktion gegen den Krebs durchzuführen ist.
(1) K0MC85) 530 endg.

4.
DER RAT WIRD DESHALB ERSUCHT
- über die Einleitung einer Aktion unter dem Namen "Europa gegen 
den Krebs" mit dem Ziel, für die optimale Koordinierung aller in 
Europa zur Zeit laufenden Initiativen als auch die Untersuchung 
neuer Initiativen auf dem Gebiet der Verhütung und Forschung 
(einschließlich Therapie) zu beschließen;
- von der Absicht der Kommission, die Schirmherrschaft über den 
oben genannten Ad-hoc-Sachverständigenausschuß zu übernehmen und 
dem Rat innerhalb von drei Monaten spezifische Vorschläge auf der 
Grundlage der Empfehlungen dieses Ausschusses zu unterbreiten, 
Kenntnis zu nehmen;
-die bereits vorliegenden Vorschläge zur Verhütung wie auch die zu 
erwartenden Vorschläge über Forschungsarbeiten im Hinblick auf 
ihre rasche Verabschiedung vorrangig zu prüfen.
N.B. Pour le document de travail voir pièce jointe à la version anglaise  
du document SEC(85)1877.

COMMISSION  
OF THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL  
FOR EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL AFFAIRS  
AND EDUCATION•  •Brussels 21 November 1985
DRAFT (2) 
(Original :  E.)
AN OVERVIEW OF
EXISTING COMMUNITY ACTIONS AGAINST CANCER
(Working Document from Commission Services)
Provisional address:  
Rue de la Loi 200  
B-1049 BrusselsTelephone:
Telephone exchange: 235 11 1 1  
Direct line: 235...Telex:
COMEU B  21877Telegraphic address:  
COMEUR Brussels

.0. The need to protect workers and the public against the long-term
effects, in particular cancer, of dangerous chemical, biological and 
physical agents has been the objective of many actions at Community 
level. These have been contained in a number of different sectorial 
activities, namely radiation protection, occupational health and 
safety, internal market, agriculture and environment. Research 
programmes and epidemiological and statistical studies have been 
undertaken in support these actions. References and additional 
information are given in the annexes.

2.0. RADIATION PROTECTION
2.1. The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community prescribe: 
that basic standards for the protection of the health of the general 
public and workers against the dangers of ionising radiation - princi­
pally cancer - shall be laid down. To this end in 1959 the Council 
adopted the first Directive laying down such basic standards and this 
was last updated in Directives of 1980 and 1984. In addition, in 1984 
a Directive layed down basic measures for the protection of patients 
undergoing medical examination or treatment with X-rays. Ongoing 
work is concerned with protection from naturally occuring radiation, 
radioactive discharge and waste management and transport. This work 
is assisted by a group of experts as prescribed in the Treaty. ·

3.0. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
3.1. The first programme of action on safety and health at work, adopted
in 1978, required the development of a preventive and protective action 
for substances recognized as being carcinogenic and this was reempha­
sised in the second programme for the years 1984-88. Council has 
adopted Directives on the protection of workers from risks relating to 
exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents and in particular 
to protection from asbestos and vinyl chloride. Council is currently 
considering the proscription of four carcinogenic substances and 
subsequent measures will address benzene, acrylonitrile, arsenic and 
nickel compounds. The scientific and technical bases for such actions 
have been determined in a series of studies. This work is assisted 
by an Advisory Committee established by Council in 1974.

4.0.
4.1. Community rules relating to medicinal products safeguard public health 
whilst ensuring that the development of the pharmaceutical industry and 
trade in medicinal products will not be hindered. Since 1975 Directives 
have layed down carcinogenicity and mutagenicity testing of human
and veterinary drugs. This work is assisted by a Committee for 
Proprietary Medicinal Products.
4.2. Food additives are subject to stringent testing and regulation. The 
Scientific Committee for Food has established guidelines for the
-safety assessment of food additives which include provisions for 
testing of chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity.

5.0.AGRICULTURE
5.1. Since 1970, Council Directives have controlled by means of positive 
lists the use of additives, contaminants and compounds resulting from 
developments in the biotechnology of feedingstuffs.  The use of 
compounds involving potential carcinogenic risks is discarded. The 
assessment of the safety of animals, human beings and environment is 
done by committees of experts of the Member States working in close 
collaboration with Commission services. The Commission is assisted 
in this task by the Scientific Committee for Animal Nutrition.
5.2. At a Community level measures have existed since 1976 controlling 
levels of pesticide residues in and on fruit and vegetables, and 
Pleasures were adopted in 1979 to prohibit the marketing and use of 
certain plant protection products. Proposals are at present under 
examination in the Council to extend the scope of the foodstuffs '
.. covered.
5.3. The Commission before making proposals to the Council consults its 
Scientific Committee for Pesticides and national experts on the 
possible toxicological effects of the substances including carcino- 
genicity, and acts accordingly.

6.0. ENVIRONMENT
6.1. A number of carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic substances are 
being studied within the framework of the Directives relating to the 
classification and labelling of dangerous chemicals. The classification 
of these substances is discussed in a working group of governmental 
experts and, in the case of divergent opinions amongst the Member States, 
by a group of highly qualified "specialized experts".
6.2. For the purpose of classification and labelling, carcinogenic substances
are divided into three categories. The label is then decided according 
to which category the substance is placed in, taking into account 
other dangerous properties. Substances in categories 1  and 2 are 
ascribed the risk phrase "May cause cancer" and the symbol "toxic"
(skull and crossbones); substances in category 3 are ascribed the risk 
phrase "Possible risk of irreversible effects" and the symbol "harmful 
(St. Andrew's cross).
6.3. After the approval of the Technical Progress Committee, the labelling 
requirement ispublished as a Commission Directive. This Committee 
has just approved the labelling of 27 substances of categories 1  or 2.
A further 15 suspected carcinogenic substances are. under discussion.
Some Member States have announced that they will submit to the working 
group., other suspected carcinogens for classification and labelling.

7.0. TOXICOLOGY
7.1. The Scientific Advisory Committee to examine the toxicity and ecotoxicity 
of chemical compounds has presented advice on the grouping of carcino­
genic, teratogenic and mutagenic substances for the purposes of 
identification and product handling. The Committee has expressed an 
opinion on 17 such substances or classes of compounds and this work is 
ongoing.
7.2. The proposal for a Council Resolution on an action programme on toxicology 
for health protection makes reference to the development of new'methods 
for determining the long-term effects of chemical substances including
,  their carcinogenic and mutagenic potential and quantitative risk
estimations. It stresses the health importance of immunotoxic effects 
and the relationship between immune depression and cancer.

8.0. PUBLIC HEALTH
8.1. A number of pilot projects have been undertaken relating to tobacco 
and alcohol consumption and an ongoing programme of workshops and 
conferences has dealt with technical problems in health education a 
monitoring the health of the population.

9 ·0·  STATISTICS
9.1. The Statistical Office collates data from the Member States on mortality 
from cancer. In collaboration with Commission Services and the 
International Agency for Research on Cancer, a cancer atlas of the 
European Community is under preparation.
9.2. The principles and practice of protection of personal data in a research- 
dependent environment was the subject of a report on "The Confidentiality 
of Medical Records" presented in 1984.

10.Q. RESEARCH
10.1. In the third sectorial research and development programme of the 
European Economic Community in the field of medical and public health 
research for the period 1982-86, projects have concerned the development 
of new medical technologies for early detection and diagnosis, eg. 
positron emission tomography, identification and characterisation of 
biological tissues by NMR, automated cytology. These techniques are 
applicable to various cancers. In addition, financial support has
been given to the Coordinating and Data Center of EORTC.
10.2. In the fourth ECSC occupational medicine research programme special
*  reference is made to cancer and the identification of increased risk 
through research into the carcinogenicity of atmospheric pollutants.
Work has focussed on the risk of lung cancer from welding fumes and this 
has involved bioassays of pollutants with in vitro and in vivo testing, 
clinical and epidemiological studies. This work will be extended in the 
fifth programme 1987-91.
10.3. In the field of radiation protection, past programmes have addressed 
fundamental cytological and biochemical effects of ionising radiation. 
The current five-year programme, 1985-1989, denotes an important part 
of its resources to radiation carcinogenesis. It is concerned with 
the possible carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of low dose exposures 
and effects of naturally occurring radon and other sources. Research 
areas are :  molecular alterations, cellular transformation, experimental 
carcinogenesis, biological effects of incorporated radionuclides and 
human observations.
10.4. In the third environmental protection programme (1981-1985) research 
relating to cancer is concerned with the assessment of the mutagenic and 
carcinogenic potential of environmental chemicals and with the carcino­
genicity of chemicals and fibrons materials.
10.5. Each research programme has a committee for management and coordination 
to assist the Commission in the implementation of the Council's
Dec i  s i  ons .

ANNEX OF REFERENCES

RADIATION PROTECTION
Community instruments
1. Directive 1959 Laying down the basic safety standards for the health  
protection of the general public and workers against the dangers of  
ionizing radiation - O.J. No 11, 20.2.1959
2. Directive 62/1.633/Euratom - 5.3.1962 -
3. Directive 66/45/Euratom “ 27.10.1966
4. Directive 76/579/Euratom - 1.6.1976
5. Directive 80/836/Euratom - 15.7.1980 - O.J. L.246 - 17.9.1980
6. Directive 84/467/Euratom - 3.9.1984, amending Directive 80/836/Euratom
as regards the basic standards for the health protection of the general
.  public and workers against the dangers of ionizing radiation -
O.J. L.265 - 5.10.1984.
- - 7 Directive 84/466/Euratom - 3.9.1984,— laying down basic measures for the  
radiation protection of persons undergoing medical examination or  
treatment - O.J. L.265 - 5.10.1984.
i
ARTICLE 31," EURATOM TREATY, states :
The basic standards shall be worked out by the Commission after it has obtained
the opinion of a group of persons appointed by the Scientific and Technical
Committee from among scientific experts, and in particular public health
experts, in the Member States.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Communi ty inst ruments
1. Resolution of 29.6.1978 on an action programme of the European Communities  
on safety and health at work - O.J. C.165 - 11.7.1978.
2. Resolution of 27.2.1984 on a second programme of action of the European  
Communities on safety and health at work - O.J. C.67 - 8.3.1984. '
3. Directive 78/610/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and  
administrative provisions of the Member States on the protection of the  
health of workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer - O.J. L.197 - 22.7.1978.
4. Directive 80/1107/EEC of 27.11.80 on the protection of workers from the  
risks related to exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents at  
work - O.J. L.327 - 3.12.1980.
5. Directive 83/477/EEC of 19. 9.1983 on the protection of workers from
the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work - O.J. L.263 - 24.9.1983.
6. Proposal for a Directive on the protection of workers by the proscription  
of specified agents and/or work activities - O.J. C.270 - 10.10.1984.
7. Proposal for a Directive on the protection of workers from the risks related  
to exposure to benzene at work.
8. Council Decision 74/325/EEC of 27.5.1974 setting up an Advisory Committee  
on safety, hygiene and health protection at work - O.J. L.185 - 9.7.1974.

INTERNAL MARKET
Community instruments
1. Directive 75/318/EEC of 20.5.1975 on the approximation of the Laws of  
Member States relating to analytical, pharmaco-toxicological and clinical  
standards and protocols in respect of the testing of proprietary medicinal  
products. O.J. L.147 - 9.6.1975, as modified by Directive 83/570/EEC -
O.J. L.332 - 28.11.1983.
2. Recommendation 83/571/EEC of 26.10.1983 concerning tests relating to the  
placing on the market of proprietary medicinal products.
3. '  pirective 81/852/EEC of 28.9.1981 on the approximation of the Laws of
Member States relating to analytical, pharmaco-toxicological and clinical  
standards and protocols in respect of the testing of veterinary medicinal  
products - O.J. L.317 - 6.11.1981.
4. Proposals for Directives amending Directives 75/318/EEC and 81/852/EEC -
O.J. C.293 - 5.11.1984.
5. Recommendation 80/1089/EEC of 11.11.1980 concerning tests relating
to the safety evaluation of food additives. O.J. L.320 - 27.11.1980.
6. Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. Directives 75/318/EEC and  
83/570/EEC.
7. Committee for Proprietary Veterinary Products. Directive 81/851/EEC.  
Publications
1. The rules governing medicaments in the European Community,
July .1984, ISBN 92/825/4529-034.
2. Guidelines for the safety assessment of food-additives.
Report of the Scientific Committee for Food - 22.2.1980.
3. Studies on anti-neoplastic agents (in preparation).

AGRICULTURE
Community instruments
1. Council Directive 70/524/EEC of 14.12.1970 concerning the use of  
additives in feedingstuffs.
2. Council Directive 74/63/EEC of 17.12.1973, concerning maximum levels  
of undesirable substances and products in feedingstuffs.
3. >  Council Directive 82/471/EEC of 30.06.1982, concerning certain products
used in feedingstuffs.
4. Council Directive 76/895/EEC of 9.12.1976, relating to the fixing of  
maximum levels of pesticides in and on fruit and vegetables.
5. Council Directive 79/117/EEC of 8.2.1979 concerning the prohibition of  
the placing on the market and use of plant protection products concerning  
certain active substances.

ENVIRONMENT
Community Instruments
1. Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of  
the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the  
classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances.
O.J. 196 of 16.8.1967.
2. Council Directive 79/831/EEC of 18 September 1979 amending for the  
sixth time Directive 67/548/EEC.
O.J. L 259 of 15.10.1979.
3. Comm'i s.?ion Directive 83/467/EEC of 29.7.1983 adapting to technical  
progress for the fifth time Council Directive 67/548/EEC.
O.J. L 257 of 16.9.1983.
4. Commission Directive 84/449/EEC of 25.4.1984 adapting to technical  
progress for the sixth time Council Directive 67/548/EEC.
O.J. L 251 of 19.9.1984.
5. Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws#  
regulations and administrative provisions of the member States relating  
to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous  
preparations.
O.J. C 211' of 22.8.1985.
6. Resolution of 19,5.1981 on a second programme of the European Sconomic
Community for a consumer protection and information policy.
O.J. C 133 of 3.6.1981.
7. Resolution.  of 7.2.1983 on the continuation and Implementation of a  
European Community policy and action programme on the environment.
O.J. C 46 of 17.2.1983.
Opinions of government experts and "specialised experts" on labelling of  
suspected carcinogenic substances.

STATISTICS
Community Instrument
"The Confidentiality of Medical Records" - The principles and practi.ce  
of protection in a research-dependent environment  
EUR.9471 - 1984.

RESEARCH
Community instruments
1. Decision, 17.8.82, adopting a sectorial research and development programme  
of the European Economic Community in the field of medical and public  
health research - concerted action (1982-1986) - O.J. L.248 - 24.8.1982.
2. Decision, 3.2.1981, adopting a fourth ECSC medical research programme on  
the effects on the health of workers of physical and other environmental  
factors at the workplace - O.J. C.307 - 27.11.1981.
3. Decision, 18.3.1980, adopting a multi-annual research and training  
programme for the European Atomic Energy Community in the field of  
radiation protection (1980-1984) - O.J. L.78 - 25.3.1980.
4. Decision, 12.3.1985, adopting a multi-annual research and training  
programme for the European Atomic Energy Community in the field of  
radiation protection (1985-1989) - O.J. L.83 - 25.3.1985.
5. Decision, 3.3.1981, adopting a sectorial R. & D. programme in the  
field of environment (1981-1985) - O.J. L.101 - 11.4.1981.