copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Molar mass

An average molar mass may be defined for mixtures of compounds.[1] This is particularly important in polymer science, where different polymer molecules may contain different numbers of monomer units (non-uniform polymers).[4][5]

Question: What is the molecular weight of water?

Lake Victoria

The lake exhibits eutrophic conditions. In 1990–1991, oxygen concentrations in the mixed layer were higher than in 1960–1961, with nearly continuous oxygen supersaturation in surface waters. Oxygen concentrations in hypolimnetic waters (i.e. the layer of water that lies below the thermocline, is noncirculating, and remains perpetually cold) were lower in 1990–1991 for a longer period than in 1960–1961, with values of less than 1mg per litre (< 0.4gr/cuft) occurring in water as shallow as 40 metres (130ft) compared with a shallowest occurrence of greater than 50 metres (160ft) in 1961. The changes in oxygenation are considered consistent with measurements of higher algal biomass and productivity.[23] These changes have arisen for multiple reasons: successive burning within its basin,[24] soot and ash from which has been deposited over the lake's wide area; from increased nutrient inflows via rivers,[25] and from increased pollution associated with settlement along its shores.

Question: How deep is Lake Victoria?

League of Assassins

In keeping with Ra's and Cain's plans, the League attempted to train Cassandra Cain from birth to be the ultimate assassin, unknowingly giving her the skills she would use as the hero Batgirl.

Question: In what comic series did the League of Assassins first appear?

Kiev

In May 2011 Kiev authorities presented a 15-year development strategy which calls for attracting as much as EUR82billion of foreign investment by 2025 to modernize the city's transport and utilities infrastructure and make it more attractive for tourists.[108]

Question: How many people live in Kiev?

List of The Land Before Time characters

Petrie's mother, voiced by Tress MacNeille (I-XIII, TV series) and Anndi McAfee (XIV), has major appearances in The Land Before Time V: The Mysterious Island, The Land Before Time VII: The Stone of Cold Fire, and The Land Before Time XII: The Great Day of the Flyers. In the seventh film, she flies to the "Mysterious Beyond" to find Petrie and Ducky, blaming her brother Pterano for endangering them.

Question: What was the brontosaurs' name in The Land Before Time?

Fancy Bear

Eliot Higgins and other journalists associated with Bellingcat, a group researching the shoot down of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over Ukraine, were targeted by numerous spearphishing emails. The messages were fake Gmail security notices with Bit.ly and TinyCC shortened URLs. According to ThreatConnect, some of the phishing emails had originated from servers that Fancy Bear had used in previous attacks elsewhere. Bellingcat is best known for having accused Russia of being culpable for the shoot down of MH17, and is frequently derided in the Russian media.[53][54]

Question: What has Fancy Bear done?
Christianity in the United States

A 2004 survey of the United States identified the percentages of these groups as 26.3% (Evangelical), 22% (Catholics), and 16% (Mainline Protestant).[7] In a Statistical Abstract of the United States, based on a 2001 study of the self-described religious identification of the adult population, the percentages for these same groups are 28.6% (Evangelical), 24.5% (Catholics), and 13.9% (Mainline Protestant).[18]

Question: How many Christian are in America?

Mississippi River floods

In April, Red River Landing reached 58.60ft (17.86m), the 8th highest crest on record.[5][13]

Question: When was the deadliest recorded flood in the history of the Mississippi River?

Basic fighter maneuvers

Much of the modern energy-management techniques, which are used in maneuvers like the Yo-Yos, were only described scientifically after John R. Boyd developed his Energy-Maneuverability theory during the Vietnam War.[5] Even so, as quoted by the U.S Navy Air Training Command, "1) The basics of ACM have not changed since the early days of aviation, and 2) A fighter pilot must maintain constant aggressiveness for success. As the [Red] Baron would say, 'All else is rubbish.'".[7]

Question: What is the most basic fighter plane maneuver?

Impact event

The Moon's existence is widely attributed to a huge impact early in Earth's history.[29] Impact events earlier in the history of Earth have been credited with creative as well as destructive events; it has been proposed that impacting comets delivered the Earth's water, and some have suggested that the origins of life may have been influenced by impacting objects by bringing organic chemicals or lifeforms to the Earth's surface, a theory known as exogenesis.

Question: What was the largest asteroid to ever hit Earth?

Mogollon Rim

Hellsgate Wilderness
Mogollon Monster
Mogollon Mountains
Pinyon-juniper woodland

Question: How high is Mogollon Rim in Arizona?

Hanesbrands

In October 2017, Hanes announced a $60 million acquisition of Norcross, GA based Alternative Apparel.

Question: Where are the Hanes company headquarters?

Celtiberians

From the 3rd century, the clan was superseded as the basic Celtiberian political unit by the oppidum, a fortified organized city with a defined territory that included the castros as subsidiary settlements. These civitates as the Roman historians called them, could make and break alliances, as surviving inscribed hospitality pacts attest, and minted coinage. The old clan structures lasted in the formation of the Celtiberian armies, organized along clan-structure lines, with consequent losses of strategic and tactical control.

Question: Where did the Celtiberians live?

The Lion King (2019 film)

 on IMDb
 at Rotten Tomatoes

Question: When is the new Lion King coming out?
Li Deyu

At the time that Li Deyu was made the governor of Zhexi, Zhexi had just suffered through a plot by the officer Wang Guoqing (王國清) to overthrow Li Deyu's predecessor Dou Yizhi, and it was said that after the plot was over, Dou exhausted the circuit treasury trying to placate the soldiers.  It was said that Li Deyu lived frugally, and gave the remainder of his own expense budget to the soldiers, such that while he did not give them all that much, they were satisfied, and that two years after his commission, the treasury was full again.  It was also said that he sought to change the ways of the circuit's people, to eliminate customs that were harmful to them.  For example, the people of the circuit were superstitious and fearful of evil spirits, such that if close family members were ill, they would abandon their family members.  Li Deyu taught the knowledgeable among the people that this was undue superstition, and further punished those who abandoned family members, such that within a few years, this custom was gone.  He also catalogued the various temples in the circuit — such that only those that worshipped good historical figures were allowed to remain, while he destroyed 1,010 other temples.  He further destroyed 1,460 houses in the mountains so that they could not be used by bandits as operation bases.[3]

Question: When was Li Deyu born?

Final Fantasy Type-0

Final Fantasy Type-0 Original Soundtrack was released on October 26, 2011. The soundtrack was released in a standard edition, as well as a limited edition that could be purchased both separately and with the collector's edition of the game.[80] A promotional album featuring five tracks was sold by Square Enix at their booth at the Odaiba Expo 2011.[81] The album stayed on the Oricon charts for seven weeks, reaching a high of #25.[82] The soundtrack has received positive reviews in the west from dedicated music outlets Original Sound Version and Game-OST, with the sites giving both individual tracks and the work in general high praise.[83][84] "Zero" was released on October 19, 2011. It was released as a single instead of being part of the main soundtrack, receiving both a limited and standard edition.[79] The single remained in the Oricon charts for thirty-two weeks, peaking at #2.[85]

Question: Who did the cover art for Final Fantasy Type-0?

Three Brothers, Riga

The neighbouring house, 19 Maza Pils Street, has an exterior dating from 1646, with a stone portal added in 1746. The style of the building shows influences from Dutch Mannerism.[3]

Question: What is the oldest structure in Latvia?
Acquisition of NBC Universal by Comcast

Many observers predict that the price of distributing videos is going to fall dramatically in the near future because three distribution products of Comcast (Broadcast-TV-Internet) are all merging into the network. Wall Street Journal business columnist Holman Jenkins says, "Customers want the product for free. Comcast's lifeblood, the $100-a-month cable bill and the $50-a-month broadband bill, increasingly look like duplicative expenses. And so on." In order to recover the lost revenue from content, Comcast-NBC may enhance their business on service of advertising, subscription etc.[24]

Question: When was Universal Pictures acquired by Comcast?

Yoshiro Nakamatsu

Among Nakamatsu's early inventions is the Shoyu Churu Churu, a siphon pump used in the home to move soy sauce from large containers to smaller vessels for cooking and serving.  His patented inventions include:

Question: Who invented the floppy disk?

Hijackers in the September 11 attacks

Before the attacks, FBI agent Robert Wright, Jr. had written vigorous criticisms of FBI's alleged incompetence in investigating terrorists residing within the United States. Wright was part of the Bureau's Chicago counter-terrorism task force and involved in project Vulgar Betrayal, which was linked to Yasin al-Qadi.[18]

Question: How many hijackers were there in the September 11 attacks?

Worcester

A national assembly of Jewish notables was summoned to Worcester by the Crown in 1240 to assess their wealth for taxation; at which Henry III "squeezed the largest tallage of the thirteenth century from his Jewish subjects."[17]

Question: How many people live in Worcester?

Charles XII of Sweden

However, the sultan Ahmed III's subjects in the empire eventually got tired of Charles' scheming. His entourage also accumulated huge amounts of debts with Bender merchants. Eventually "crowds" of townspeople attacked the Swedish colony at Bender and Charles had to defend himself against the mobs and the Ottoman Janissaries involved. This uprising was called "kalabalık" (Turkish for crowd) which afterwards found a place in Swedish lexicon referring to a ruckus. The Janissaries did not shoot Charles during the skirmish at Bender, but captured him and put him under house-arrest at Dimetoka (nowadays Didimoticho) and Constantinople. During his semi-imprisonment the King played chess and studied the Ottoman Navy and the naval architecture of the Ottoman galleons. His sketches and designs eventually led to the famous Swedish war ships Jarramas (Yaramaz) and Jilderim (Yıldırım).

Question: What years did King Charles XII reign in Sweden?

Preston Watson

Probably buoyed by the success of achieving powered flight in one of his own aeroplanes, Watson built a third machine, his last, in 1913. His third aeroplane was deliberately designed to supersede his No.2 in capability, since his theories had been proven in flight. Compared to his previous machines, his No.3 was a different beast, although it still incorporated the same layout with a smaller upper wing, and lacked a definite fuselage.[11]

Question: Where was Preston Albert Watson born?
Algebra

The theory of groups is studied in group theory. A major result in this theory is the classification of finite simple groups, mostly published between about 1955 and 1983, which separates the finite simple groups into roughly 30 basic types.

Question: What is the origin of the word algebra?

Danny Boy

Southern gospel singer Dottie Rambo adapted the melody for her song, "He Looked Beyond My Fault and Saw My Need", which was also notably sung by George Beverly Shea.

Question: When was the sonG "Oh Danny Boy" written?

Genoa

See also: Bibliography of Genoa

Question: Where is Genoa?

Constantine the Great

In the last years of his life, Constantine made plans for a campaign against Persia. In a letter written to the king of Persia, Shapur, Constantine had asserted his patronage over Persia's Christian subjects and urged Shapur to treat them well.[262] The letter is undatable. In response to border raids, Constantine sent Constantius to guard the eastern frontier in 335. In 336, Prince Narseh invaded Armenia (a Christian kingdom since 301) and installed a Persian client on the throne. Constantine then resolved to campaign against Persia himself. He treated the war as a Christian crusade, calling for bishops to accompany the army and commissioning a tent in the shape of a church to follow him everywhere. Constantine planned to be baptized in the Jordan River before crossing into Persia. Persian diplomats came to Constantinople over the winter of 336–337, seeking peace, but Constantine turned them away. The campaign was called off, however, when Constantine became sick in the spring of 337.[263]

Question: When was Constantine I born?

Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff

Knobelsdorff was born in Kuckädel, now in Krosno Odrzańskie County. A soldier in the service of Prussia, he resigned his commission in 1729 as captain so that he could pursue his interest in architecture. In 1740 he travelled to Paris and Italy to study at the expense of the new king, Frederick II of Prussia.

Question: When was Hans Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff born?
Politics of the Netherlands

The Dutch political system has five so called High Councils of State, which are explicitly regarded as independent by the Constitution. Apart from the two Houses of Parliament and the Council of State, these are the Netherlands Court of Audit and the National Ombudsman.

Question: What kind of democracy do the Dutch have?

2019 Atlantic hurricane season

Saffir–Simpson scaleTDTSC1C2C3C4C5

Question: When is hurricane season?

Howler monkey

While seldom aggressive, howler monkeys do not take well to captivity and are of surly disposition. However, the black howler (Alouatta caraya) is a relatively common pet monkey in contemporary Argentina due to its gentle nature, in comparison to the capuchin monkey's aggressive tendencies, in spite of its lesser intelligence, as well as the liabilities meant by the size of its droppings and the males' loud vocalisations.

Question: How loud is a howler monkey's howl?

Dublin

In addition public art galleries are found across the city, including the Irish Museum of Modern Art, the National Gallery, the Hugh Lane Municipal Gallery, the Douglas Hyde Gallery, the Project Arts Centre and the Royal Hibernian Academy. Some of the leading private galleries include Green on Red Gallery, Kerlin Gallery, Kevin Kavangh Gallery and Mother's Tankstation.

Question: What is the population of Dublin?

2007 Holiday Bowl

The Sun Devils’ next drive ended when Danny Sullivan's pass was intercepted by Brandon Foster at the Texas 44-yard line and returned for 5yards to the Texas 49-yard line.  The Longhorns used three rushing plays to run out the clock.[22]

Question: How many people attended the 2007 Pacific Life Holiday Bowl?

Nicola Sturgeon

Sturgeon confirmed in June 2016 that the Scottish government had formally agreed to draft legislation to allow a second independence referendum to take place.[65] As the constitution is a reserved matter under the Scotland Act 1998, for a future referendum on Scottish independence to be legal under UK law, it would need to receive the consent of the British Parliament to take place.[66]

Question: Who is the leader of Scotland?

List of calendars

Darian calendar (for Mars)
Discworld calendar (fictional)
Galactic Standard Calendar (from Star Wars, fictional)
Gethenian Calendar (fictional, notable for the current year always being designated as Year One)
Lunar Standard Time[6] (for the Moon)
Middle-earth calendars (fictional)
Stardates (from Star Trek, fictional)

Question: How many types of calendars are there?

Cylon (reimagining)

Cylons were initially unable to produce children with each other. They turned their attention to mating with humans. Their crossbreeding experiments in facilities called "farms" are unsuccessful. They theorize that love is necessary for them to procreate, because "God is love" in their theology. This leads to a successful experiment in which an Eight and a human, Karl Agathon, fall in love and produce a daughter named Hera.

Question: Who are the Cylons?
Reginald Fessenden

The first widely publicized information about Fessenden's early broadcasts did not appear until 1932, when an article prepared by former Fessenden associate Samuel M. Kintner, "Pittsburgh's Contributions to Radio", appeared in the December 1932 issue of The Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers.[34] This reviewed information included in a January 29, 1932 letter sent by Fessenden to Kintner. (Fessenden subsequently died five months before Kintner's article appeared). In this account, Fessenden reported that on the evening of December 24, 1906 (Christmas Eve), he had made the first of two radio broadcasts of music and entertainment to a general audience, using the alternator-transmitter at Brant Rock. Fessenden remembered producing a short program that included a phonograph record of Ombra mai fu (Largo) by George Frideric Handel, followed by Fessenden playing Adolphe Adam's carol O Holy Night on the violin and singing Adore and be Still by Gounod, and closing with a biblical passage: "Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace to men of good will" (Luke 2:14). He also stated that a second short program was broadcast on December 31 (New Year's Eve). The intended audience for both of these transmissions was primarily shipboard radio operators along the Atlantic seaboard. Fessenden claimed that the two programs had been widely publicized in advance, and the Christmas Eve broadcast had been heard "as far down" as Norfolk, Virginia, while the New Year Eve's broadcast had reached listeners in the West Indies.[35]

Question: What was Reginald Aubrey Fessenden's first patented invention?

Epistemology

Reliabilism has been challenged by Gettier cases. Another argument that challenges reliabilism, like the Gettier cases (although it was not presented in the same short article as the Gettier cases), is the case of Henry and the barn façades. In the thought experiment, a man, Henry, is driving along and sees a number of buildings that resemble barns. Based on his perception of one of these, he concludes that he has just seen barns. While he has seen one, and the perception he based his belief that the one he saw was of a real barn, all the other barn-like buildings he saw were façades. Theoretically, Henry does not know that he has seen a barn, despite both his belief that he has seen one being true and his belief being formed on the basis of a reliable process (i.e. his vision), since he only acquired his true belief by accident.[17]

Question: What are the origins of the word epistemology?
Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem

After the deaths, the military junta asserted that the Ngô brothers had committed suicide. On 6 November, Information Minister Trần Tự Oai declared at a news conference that Diệm  and Nhu had died through "accidental suicide" after a firearm discharged when Nhu had tried to seize it from the arresting officer.[30] This drew immediate skepticism from David Halberstam of The New York Times, who won a Pulitzer Prize for his Vietnam reporting. Halberstam wrote to the US Department of State that "extremely reliable private military sources" had confirmed that the brothers were ordered to be executed upon their return to military headquarters. Neil Sheehan of UPI reported a similar account based on what he described as "highly reliable sources". Father Leger of Saint Francis Xavier Catholic Church asserted that the Ngô brothers were kneeling inside the building when soldiers burst in, took them outside and into the APC. Lodge had been informed by "an unimpeachable source" that both brothers were shot in the nape of the neck and that Diệm's body bore the signs of a beating.[30]

Question: On what date was Ngo Dinh Diem assassinated?

Nobel Prize in Physics

Alfred Nobel, in his last will and testament, stated that his wealth be used to create a series of prizes for those who confer the "greatest benefit on mankind" in the fields of physics, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine, and literature.[5] Though Nobel wrote several wills during his lifetime, the last one was written a year before he died and was signed at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris on 27 November 1895.[6][7] Nobel bequeathed 94% of his total assets, 31million Swedish kronor (US$198 million, Euro€176 million in 2016), to establish and endow the five Nobel Prizes.[8] Due to the level of skepticism surrounding the will, it was not until April 26, 1897 that it was approved by the Storting (Norwegian Parliament).[9][10] The executors of his will were Ragnar Sohlman and Rudolf Lilljequist, who formed the Nobel Foundation to take care of Nobel's fortune and organise the prizes.

Question: Who won the first Nobel prize in physics?

Norte Chico civilization

Leaders' ideological power was based on apparent access to deities and the supernatural.[12] Evidence regarding Norte Chico religion is limited: an image of the Staff God, a leering figure with a hood and fangs, has been found on a gourd dated to 2250 BC. The Staff God is a major deity of later Andean cultures, and Winifred Creamer suggests the find points to worship of common symbols of gods.[26][27] As with much other research at Norte Chico, the nature and significance of the find has been disputed by other researchers.[NB 3]

Question: Where is Notre Chico located?