copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
University of Freiburg

The university complex in the historical center of Freiburg contains such picturesque buildings as the Jugendstil Kollegiengebäude I, built in 1911 by Hermann Billing, and the gothic revival old university library. The current University Library is also located in the historical center; it is a monumental building erected in the 1970s, and was to be renovated and redesigned beginning in September, 2008.[10] It is one of the largest in Germany and placed fourth in an October, 2007, German national ranking of university libraries.[11]

Question: When was the University of Freiburg founded?

George Orwell

This job was as a part-time assistant in Booklovers' Corner, a second-hand bookshop in Hampstead run by Francis and Myfanwy Westrope, who were friends of Nellie Limouzin in the Esperanto movement. The Westropes were friendly and provided him with comfortable accommodation at Warwick Mansions, Pond Street. He was sharing the job with Jon Kimche, who also lived with the Westropes. Blair worked at the shop in the afternoons and had his mornings free to write and his evenings free to socialise. These experiences provided background for the novel Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1936). As well as the various guests of the Westropes, he was able to enjoy the company of Richard Rees and the Adelphi writers and Mabel Fierz. The Westropes and Kimche were members of the Independent Labour Party, although at this time Blair was not seriously politically active. He was writing for the Adelphi and preparing A Clergyman's Daughter and Burmese Days for publication.

Question: How did George Orwell die?

Symphony No. 3 (Mahler)

The last movement in particular had a triumphant critical success. The Swiss critic William Ritter, in his review of the premiere given in 1902, said of the last movement: "Perhaps the greatest Adagio written since Beethoven". Another anonymous critic writing in the Allgemeine Musik-Zeitung wrote about the Adagio: "It rises to heights which situate this movement among the most sublime in all symphonic literature". Mahler was called back to the podium 12 times, and the local newspaper reported that “the thunderous ovation lasted no less than fifteen minutes.”[18]

Question: What is the longest symphony?

Neil Sedaka

He and his wife Leba (née Strassberg) have been married since 1962. They have two children: a daughter, Dara, a recording artist and vocalist for television and radio commercials, and who sang the female part on the Sedaka Billboard Top 20 hit duet "Should've Never Let You Go" from 1980, and "Angel Queen" on the Queen Millennia soundtrack; and a son, Marc, a screenwriter who lives in Los Angeles with his wife, Samantha, and their three children.

Question: When was Neil Sedaka born?

Drake Hogestyn

John Black and Marlena Evans
Supercouple

Question: When was Drake Hogestyn born?
Metal Gear

Konami has also released 4" scale blind-box figures based on MGS2 released in Japan, Sons of Liberty in 2002 and Substance shortly after in 2003; the Substance series was eventually brought to the US and UK markets packaged on card rather than blind boxed. During the release of MGS3, Medicom released 12" figures of Snake as part of their Real Action Heroes line. Medicom continued to support the franchise with the release of Kubrick figures for Snake Eater and Guns of the Patriots, which also included seven- and 12-inch versions of the game's characters.

Question: When was the first Metal Gear Solid video game released?

Woolwich

Medieval Woolwich was susceptible to flooding. In 1236 many were killed by a flood. Woolwich Ferry was first mentioned in 1308 but may be older. Around Bell Water Gate some private shipbuilding or repair may have existed in the 15th century. A windmill was mentioned around 1450.[11] Several pottery kilns have been discovered north of Woolwich High Street and Beresford Street, testifying of a perhaps unbroken tradition of pottery production from at least the 14th century until the 17th century.[12]

Question: When was Woolwich founded?

2010 European Grand Prix

In the second practice session, Alonso set the fastest lap of the day with a time of 1:39.283; Red Bull drivers Vettel and Webber finished with the second and third-fastest times. Rosberg was fourth, ahead of Hamilton and Kubica. Massa, Adrian Sutil, Button and Barrichello followed in the top-ten.[14] Massa caused the session to be disrupted after spinning in the fourth corner and narrowly avoided making contact with the barrier. The session was red-flagged to allow Massa's car to be removed from the centre of the track to be taken to the pit lane. Timo Glock's lost the use of his car's fifth gear and pulled over to the side of the track at turn twelve which prematurely ended his running. Vitaly Petrov spun at the exit of turn 14 and reversed his car to rejoin the circuit, avoiding the need for a red-flag.[14][15] Vettel was the fastest driver in the final practice session with a lap of 1:38.052; Webber was third-fastest. Kubica separated the two Red Bull drivers in second, with Sutil fourth. Alonso was fifth-fastest, and Barrichello was sixth. Vitantonio Liuzzi, Massa, Button and Hamilton rounded out the top ten.[16]

Question: Who won the 2010 European Grand Prix?

Pearl Brewing Company

In 1902, Koehler purchased the property to re-open the since closed Hot Wells hotel, spa, and bathhouse, located on the San Antonio River in the southside of San Antonio.[10] Many celebrities visited Hot Wells in its heyday in their own railroad cars with access by a spur to the resort. The facility was sold in 1923 to a Christian Science group. After many years, part of the time as a trailer park, work was authorized to begin in 2015 by Bexar County Commissioners Court to restore Hot Wells.[11]

Question: Who founded the Pearl Brewing Company?
UEFA European Championship

Before 1980, only four teams qualified for the final tournament. From 1980, eight teams competed. In 1996 the tournament expanded to 16 teams, since it was easier for European nations to qualify for the World Cup than their own continental championship; 14 of the 24 teams at the 1982, 1986 and 1990 World Cups had been European, whereas the European Championship finals still involved only eight teams.

Question: How often does the UEFA Champions League occur?

Pit latrine

A "partially lined" pit latrine is one where the upper part of the hole in the ground is lined. Pit lining materials can include brick, rot-resistant timber, concrete, stones, or mortar plastered onto the soil.[7] This partial lining is recommended for those pit latrine used by a great number of people — such as a public restroom in rural areas,  or in a woodland park or busy lay-by, rest stop or other similarly busy location — or where the soils are unstable in order to increase permanence and allow emptying of the pit without it collapsing easily. The bottom of the pit should remain unlined to allow for the infiltration of liquids out of the pit.

Question: How do pit toilets work?

Names of the Holocaust

'khurbn eyrope (חורבן אײראָפּע), is the term for the Holocaust in Yiddish. The term uses the word 'Khurbn' of Hebrew origin (Hebrew: חרבן‎; Hebrew pronunciation: 'Khur'ban') which means "Destruction", and translates as "Destruction of Europe". The word "Khur'ban/'Khurbn" is also used for the destruction of both the First and the Second Temple in both Hebrew and Yiddish. Max Kaufmann's early (1947) history of the genocide in Latvia was called Khurbn Lettland, that is, The Destruction of the Jews of Latvia.[40] Published later, Raul Hilberg's most important work was The Destruction of the European Jews.[41]

Question: What is the holocaust called by Jewish people?
Death Star

The original Death Star's completed form appears in Star Wars, known officially as the DS-1 Orbital Battle Station, or Project Stardust in Rogue One. Commanded by Governor Tarkin, it is the Galactic Empire's "ultimate weapon",[13] a huge spherical battle station 160 kilometers in diameter capable of destroying a planet with one shot of its superlaser. The film opens with Princess Leia transporting the station's schematics to the Rebel Alliance to aid them in destroying the Death Star. Tarkin orders the Death Star to destroy Leia's home world of Alderaan in an attempt to press her into giving him the location of the secret Rebel base; she gives them the false location of Dantooine, but Tarkin has Alderaan destroyed anyway, as a demonstration of the Death Star's firepower and the Empire's resolve. Later, Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, Chewbacca, Obi-Wan Kenobi, C-3PO, and R2-D2 are pulled aboard the station by a tractor beam, where they discover and manage to rescue Princess Leia. As they make their escape, Obi-Wan dies duelling Darth Vader, enabling the others to flee the station. Later, Luke returns as part of a fighter force to attack its only weak point: a ray-shielded particle exhaust vent leading straight from the surface directly into its reactor core. Luke was able to successfully launch his fighter's torpedoes into the vent, impacting the core and triggering a catastrophic explosion, which destroyed the station before it could use its superlaser weapon to annihilate the Rebel base on Yavin 4.[14]

Question: What was the size of the Death Star?

Kingdom of Aksum

Part of a series on theHistory of Ethiopia
Early history Prehistory Antiquity to 1st century BC Aksum to 10th century AD
Middle Ages Prehistory Antiquity to 1st century BC Aksum to 10th century AD Zagwe dynasty  to 1268 Early Solomonic period  1270–1529
Early modern history Ethiopian–Adal War  1527–1543 Oromo migrations 1543 – 17th century  Habesh Eyalet 1557 – 17th century  Early Gondar period  1632–1769 Aussa Sultanate  1734–1974 Zemene Mesafint  1769–1855
Modern history Unification  1855–1913 First Italo–Ethiopian War  1895–1896 Pre-Italian Modernization  1913–1936 Second Italo–Ethiopian War  1935–1936 Italian East Africa  1936–1941 East African Campaign  1941 Italian guerrilla war  1941–1943 Post-Italian Modernization  1941–1974 Federation with Eritrea  1952–1962 Eritrean Independence  1961–1991 Ethiopian Civil War  1974–1991
Recent history Ethiopian general election  2005 Ogaden conflict  2007–2008 War in Somalia  2006–2009
Topics
Military
Aristocracy
Currency (Aksumite)
Emperor
vt

Question: When did the Kingdom of Aksum end?
Christianization of Scandinavia

Following King Olaf I's taking of Icelandic hostages, there was tension between the Christian and pagan factions in 10th century Iceland. Violent clashes were avoided by the decision of the Althing in 1000 AD to put the arbitration between them to Þorgeir Ljósvetningagoði, the leader of the pagan faction. He opted, after a day and a night of meditation, that the country should convert to Christianity as a whole, while pagan worship in private would continue to be tolerated.[37]

Question: When was Christianity introduced in Scandinavia?

Xiongnu

In the UNESCO-published History of Civilizations of Central Asia, its editor János Harmatta concludes that the royal tribes and kings of the Xiongnu bore Iranian names, that all Xiongnu words noted by the Chinese can be explained from a Scythian language, and that it is therefore clear that the majority of Hsiung-nu tribes spoke an Eastern Iranian language.[8]

Question: When did the Xiongnu exist?

Republic of Formosa

Knowing that a Japanese landing was imminent, the republican leaders did what little they could in the short time given to them to prepare the island's defenses against invasion.  Taiwan in May 1895 was not short of soldiers.  Tang Jingsong, in order to hearten the people, exaggerated their numbers considerably, claiming that he had under his command 150,000 soldiers, regulars and volunteers.  Judicious observers believed that this figure should be halved.  In all, they calculated, there were 75,000 soldiers scattered throughout the island, of whom 50,000 were in the northern half and 25,000 in the southern half.  These troops included the regular soldiers of the Qing garrison, local volunteers, and Hakka militia units hastily raised on the orders of Ch'iu Feng-chia.

Question: How long did the Republic of Formosa exist?

District of Columbia Fire and Emergency Medical Services Department

In the 1970s and 1980s, the department was riven by racial tension as the nearly all-white department became much more racially integrated and African American firefighters sought upper-level supervisory and management positions.[7]

Question: Who is head of the District of Columbia Fire and Emergency Medical Services Department?
Colin Cowdrey

Cowdrey had other considerations in the summer of 1970, which was Kent County Cricket Club's Centenary. Kent had been 13th in the County Championship in his first year as captain in 1957, but had improved and were runners up in 1967 and 1968. The county has been short of funds throughout the 60s, but agreed to increase resources for extra staff for the 1970 season, which could only be justified by winning the County Championship for the first time since 1913. Apart from their energetic overseas player Asif Iqbal and the Scottish Mike Denness they had home-grown talent in the shape of Alan Knott, Derek Underwood, Bob Woolmer, Brian Luckhurst, and Alan Ealham. At the start of the season Edward Heath, Kent fan and leader of the Conservative Party, gave a speech at their dinner, saying that 1906 had seen Kent win their first County Championship alongside a change of government and they should do so again in 1970.[53]

Question: When did Michael Colin Cowdrey join the Kent County Cricket Club?

IP address

Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Hostname
IP address spoofing
IP aliasing
IP multicast
List of assigned /8 IPv4 address blocks
MAC address
Regional Internet registry
Reverse DNS lookup
Virtual IP address
WHOIS

Question: What does IP stand for in IP address?

Number 470 Fire Bell

It has rarity values as likely the largest and oldest, UK manufactured bell, four times the size of normal fire bells at the time, remaining in the Fire and Rescue NSW collection, and also in the context of its long working life at Bathurst Fire Station.[1]

Question: When was the Number 470 Fire Bell created?

Polymer science

Polymer Science
Properties
Architecture
Tacticity
Morphology
Degradation
Phase behavior
Mark–Houwink theory
UCST
LCST
Flory–Huggins solution theory
Coil-globule transition
Synthesis
Chain-growth polymerisation
Free-radical polymerization
Controlled radical polymerization
ATRP
RAFT
Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization
Step-growth polymerization
Condensation polymerization
Addition polymerization
Classification
Functional Type
Polyolefin
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyisobutylene
Polyurethane
Polyester
Polycarbonate
Vinyl polymers
PVC
PVA
PVAc
Polystyrene
Structure
Homopolymer
Copolymer
Gels
Hydrogels
Self-healing hydrogels
Characterization
GPC
FTIR
X-ray crystallography
DSC
NMR
TGA
DMA
Rheology
Rheometry
Viscometry
Scientists
Flory
Heeger
MacDiarmid
Shirakawa
Natta
de Gennes
Ziegler
Staudinger
Goodyear
Baekeland
Hayward
Braconnot
Applications
Industrial Production
Extrusion
Blow molding
Applied coatings
Protective Coatings
3D printing
Consumer Products
Tires
Whitewalls
Cookware and bakeware
Bakelite
Food Conatiner
Vinyl record
Kevlar
Plastic bottle
Plastic bagvt

Question: Who invented the first synthetic polymer?

List of largest producing countries of agricultural commodities

As of 2013, FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 

Question: Which country is the largest producer of cereal grains?
Northeast Greenland National Park

Species of birds which breed in the park include great northern diver, barnacle goose, pink-footed goose, common eider, king eider, gyrfalcon, snowy owl, sanderling, ptarmigan and raven.

Question: Which is largest national park in world?

Ganymede (moon)

“[…] Then there was Ganymede, the handsome son of King Tros, whom Jupiter, having taken the form of an eagle, transported to heaven on his back, as poets fabulously tell […] the Third, on account of its majesty of light, Ganymede […]”[31]

Question: What is the largest moon in our solar system?

Spider-Man (theme song)

In Spider-Man: Homecoming, the theme (orchestrated by Michael Giacchino) is played during the Marvel Studios logo at the beginning of the film.[2]

Question: Who wrote the Spider-Man them song?

Personal computer

End-user development tailors systems to meet the user's specific needs. User-written software include spreadsheet templates, word processor macros, scientific simulations, graphics and animation scripts; even email filters are a kind of user software. Users create this software themselves and often overlook how important it is.

Question: What was the first personal computer?

Emperor Ai of Tang

Li Zuo was born in 892, at the main palace at the Tang imperial capital Chang'an.  His father Emperor Zhaozong was already emperor at that point, and he was Emperor Zhaozong's ninth son.[4]  His mother was Consort He, who had previously given birth to an older brother of his, Li Yu, Prince of De, who was Emperor Zhaozong's oldest son.

Question: Who was the last ruler of the Tang Dynasty?

Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld

Rehnskiöld gave the attack signal at noon on 3 February 1706. The battle of Fraustadt began with the two Swedish wings advancing faster than the center, making the Swedish battle line curved, which Schulenburg perceived as a sign of weakness. The Swedish wings, however, charged the Saxon flanks and drove off their cavalry. The Swedish wings encircled and enclosed the Saxon-Russian center, which soon disintegrated, forcing Schulenburg to retreat. Schulenburg himself managed to escape, but large parts of his army were cut down by the Swedish cavalry and the remnants were surrounded and captured. After two hours of battle, 7,377 men from Schulenburg’s army had been killed and between 7,300 and 7,900 were taken prisoner; among these, about 2,000 were wounded. Of Rehnskiöld's troops, 400 were killed and 1,000 were wounded. Many of the Saxon prisoners were subsequently employed in the Swedish Army and formed a Bavarian regiment and a French and a Swiss battalion respectively.[43][44][45]

Question: How did Count Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld die?
Italy–United States relations

During his meetings in the U.S., he managed to secure a financially modest but politically significant US$100 million Eximbank loan to Italy. According to De Gasperi, public opinion would view the loan as a vote of confidence in the Italian Government and strengthen his position versus the Communist Party in the context of the emerging Cold War. The positive results strengthened De Gasperi’s reputation in Italy. He also came back with useful information on the incipient change in American foreign policy that would lead to the Cold War and in Italy the break with the Communists and left-wing Socialists and their removal from the government in the May 1947 crisis.[10]

Question: How long has the U.S. had diplomatic relations with Italy?

Goldfish

Prussian carp remain the closest wild relative of the goldfish.[30][31] Previously, some sources claimed the  Crucian carp  (Carassius carassius) as the wild version of the goldfish. However, they are differentiated by several characteristics. C. auratus have a more pointed snout while the snout of a C. carassius is well rounded. C. a. gibelio often has a grey/greenish colour, while crucian carp are always golden bronze. Juvenile crucian carp have a black spot on the base of the tail which disappears with age. In C. auratus this tail spot is never present. C. auratus have fewer than 31 scales along the lateral line while crucian carp have 33 scales or more.

Question: What is the scientific name of the common goldfish?

Reichstag fire

The term "Reichstag fire" is used by some writers to denote a calamitous event staged by a political movement, orchestrated in a manner that casts blame on their opponents, thus causing the opponents to be viewed with suspicion by the general public. This is sometimes known as a false flag attack when the event itself is caused by proponents of a political movement to falsely accuse their opponents. In modern histories the destruction of the palace of Diocletian at Nicomedia has been described as a "fourth-century Reichstag fire" used to justify an extensive persecution of Christians.[34][35] According to Lactantius, "That [Galerius] might urge [Diocletian] to excess of cruelty in persecution, he employed private emissaries to set the palace on fire; and some part of it having been burnt, the blame was laid on the Christians as public enemies; and the very appellation of Christian grew odious on account of that fire."[36] Tacitus' account of the burning of Rome involved similar allegations.[37]

Question: Who started the The Reichstag fire?

Hanes

He died in 1903. In 1911, Shamrock Knitting Mills built a new plant at 3rd and Marshall Streets; it was sold in 1926 and occupied by a Cadillac dealership after a larger plant was built on West 14th Street.  Known as Shamrock Mills, the original building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.  Shamrock Knitting Mills was named Hanes Hosiery Mills Company in 1914.[2][3]

Question: When was the brand Hanes created?
Languages of Bulgaria




Other minority languages spoken are Russian, Ukrainian, Armenian, Tatar, Greek, Romanian, Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian.

Question: What language is spoken in Bulgaria?

Polish–Ukrainian War

In attempt to end the war, in January 1919 an Allied commission led by a French general was sent to negotiate a peace treaty between the two sides, prompting a ceasefire. In February it recommended that the West Ukrainian People's Republic surrender a third of its territory, including the city of Lviv and the Drohobych oil fields. The Ukrainians refused, the truce did not correspond to ethnology of the country or the military situation and broke diplomatic ties with Poland.[55][63] In mid-March 1919, the French marshal Ferdinand Foch, who wanted to use Poland as an operational base for an offensive against the Red Army, brought the issue of Polish–Ukrainian war before the Supreme Council and appealed for large-scale Polish-Romanian military operation which would be conducted with Allied support, as well as sending Haller's divisions to Poland immediately to relieve Lviv from Ukrainian siege.[59]

Question: Who lost the Polish–Ukrainian War?

Sistine Chapel ceiling

The iconography of the ceiling has had various interpretations in the past, some elements of which have been contradicted by modern scholarship.[nb 4] Others, such as the identity of the figures in the lunettes and spandrels, continue to defy interpretation.[28] Modern scholars have sought, as yet unsuccessfully, to determine a written source of the theological program of the ceiling and have questioned whether or not it was entirely devised by the artist himself, who was both an avid reader of the Bible and a genius.[29] Also of interest to some modern scholars is the question of how Michelangelo's own spiritual and psychological state is reflected in the iconography and the expression of the ceiling. One such speculation is that Michelangelo was tormented by conflict between homosexual desires and passionate Christian beliefs.[nb 5]

Question: How long did it take to paint the Sistine Chapel?

Number 470 Fire Bell

In June 1963, with the demolition of the Williams Street fire station imminent, Number 470 Bell was removed from the belltower.
Records indicate that, three weeks after Council's request to have the bell made available for its historical exhibition, Bathurst District Historical Society made a similar request to the Board. The Board Secretary informed the Society that it had already given approval to the council's request and suggested that the Society contact Council. It appears that the bell was subsequently handed over to the Society by Bathurst Council soon after its removal from the old station. Mr Doug Humphries (son of former resident volunteer fireman, Kevin Humphries), resided in both the Williams Street and George Street Fire Stations as a child. He recalls the bell being in the possession of the Bathurst Historical Society at No. 1 George Street:

Question: Who created the Number 470 Fire Bell?