copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Cold War (1985–1991)

The Reagan administration also persuaded the Saudi Arabian oil companies to increase oil production.[3] This led to a three-times drop in the prices of oil, and oil was the main source of Soviet export revenues.[3] Following the USSR's previous large military buildup, President Reagan ordered an enormous peacetime defense buildup of the United States Military; the Soviets did not respond to this by building up their military because the military expenses, in combination with collectivized agriculture in the nation, and inefficient planned manufacturing, would cause a heavy burden for the Soviet economy. It was already stagnant and in a poor state prior to the tenure of Mikhail Gorbachev who, despite significant attempts at reform, was unable to revitalise the economy.[4] In 1985, Reagan and Gorbachev held their first of four "summit" meetings, this one in Geneva, Switzerland. After discussing policy, facts, etc., Reagan invited Gorbachev to go with him to a small house near the beach. The two leaders spoke in that house well over their time limit, but came out with the news that they had planned two more (soon three more) summits.

Question: How did the Cold War end?

Ronnie Spector

In 1986, Spector enjoyed a resurgence to popular radio airplay as the featured vocalist on Eddie Money's Top 5 hit, "Take Me Home Tonight", in which she answers Money's chorus lyric, "just like Ronnie sang", with, "be my little baby". The song's music video was one of the top videos of the year and in heavy rotation on MTV. During this period, she also recorded the song "Tonight You're Mine, Baby" (from the film Just One of the Guys).[10]

Question: Who was the leader singer of The Ronettes?

North American fur trade

By the 1850s the fur trade had expanded across the Great Plains, and the bison robe trade began to decline. The Métis had a role in the depopulation of the bison. Like the Indians, the Métis had a preference for cows, which meant that the bison had trouble maintaining their herds.[102] In addition, flood, drought, early frost, and the environmental impact of settlement posed further threats to the herds. Traders, trappers, and hunters all depended on the bison to sustain their way of life. The Métis tried to maintain their lifestyle through a variety of means. For instance, they often used two wheel carts made from local materials, which meant that they were more mobile than Indians and thus were not dependent on following seasonal hunting patterns.[103]

Question: Where was the first fur trading in North America?
Raw (WWE brand)

At the time, this excluded the WWE Undisputed Championship and the WWE Women's Championship as those WWE titles would be defended on both shows. In September 2002, then WWE Undisputed Champion Brock Lesnar refused to defend the title on Raw, in effect causing his title to become exclusive to SmackDown. The following week on Raw, Raw General Manager Eric Bischoff awarded a newly instated World Heavyweight Championship to Raw's designated number one contender Triple H. Because the WWE Undisputed Championship was now a SmackDown exclusive, it was no longer referred to as "undisputed". Following this, the Women's Championship soon became a Raw exclusive as well. As a result of the brand extension, an annual "draft lottery" was instituted to exchange members of each roster and generally refresh the lineups.

Question: When did the WWE Network intorduce the Raw brand?

Hundred Years' War

By proximity of blood, the nearest male relative of Charles IV was his nephew Edward III of England. Edward was the son of Isabella, the sister of the dead Charles IV, but the question arose whether she should be able to transmit a right to inherit that she did not herself possess. The French nobility, moreover, balked at the prospect of being ruled by Isabelle and her lover Roger Mortimer, who were widely suspected of having murdered the previous English king, Edward II. The assemblies of the French barons and prelates and the University of Paris decided that males who derive their right to inheritance through their mother should be excluded. Thus the nearest heir through male ancestry was Charles IV's first cousin, Philip, Count of Valois, and it was decided that he should be crowned Philip VI. In 1340 the Avignon papacy confirmed that under Salic law males should not be able to inherit through their mothers.[1][2]

Question: When did the Hundred Years' War end?

San Francisco Chronicle

The paper has received the Pulitzer Prize on a number of occasions. Despite an illustrious and long history, the paper's news reportage is not as extensive as in the past. The current day Chronicle has followed the trend of other American newspapers, devoting increasing attention to local and regional news and cultural and entertainment criticism to the detriment of the paper's traditionally strong national and international reportage, though the paper does maintain a Washington, D.C., bureau. This increased focus on local news is a response to the competition from other Bay Area newspapers including the resurrected San Francisco Examiner, the Oakland Tribune, the Contra Costa Times and the San Jose Mercury News.

Question: When was the San Francisco Chronicle first published?
Machairodontinae

F<small>ELIDAE










†Proailurus 25 mya; Europe, Asia; one species; 9 kg










†Pseudaelurus 18 mya; Europe, Asia, North America; 12 species; average 40 kg
















Felinae
(modern feline and pantherine cats; 10 mya- present; North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa; 44 species)sensulato†Machairodontinae





















Metailurini


















†Adelphailurus 10-5 mya; North America; one species; 50 kg
†Stenailurus 7 mya; Europe
†Yoshi 9 mya; Europe, Asia; 2 species[9]











†Metailurus 9 mya - 130,000 BCE; Africa,North America, Europe, Asia; six species
†Dinofelis (aka Therailurus) 5-1 mya; Europe, Asia, Africa, North America; 8 species; average 90 kg















Smilodontini














†Promegantereon 15-9 mya; Europe; one species; average 55 kg[10]
†Paramachairodus (aka Paramegantereon) 15-9 mya; Europe, Asia; two species; average 55 kg















†Rhizosmilodon 5-4.5 mya; North America; 1 species; average 78.8 kg[11]
†Megantereon 6-2 mya; North America, Africa, Asia; 12 species; average 120 kg
†Smilodon 2.5 mya - 10,000 BCE; North America, South America; three species; average 400 kg















Homotherini


















†Lokotunjailurus 10 mya; Africa; 2 species[10]
†Nimravides 13.6-4 mya; North America; 5 species[10]
†Amphimachairodus 9.5-5.3 mya; Eurasia, Africa, North America; 4 species; average 350-490 kg[10]











†Homotherium 5 mya- 10,000 BCE; North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa; 4 species; average 190 kg
†Xenosmilus 1 mya; North America; one species; 300 kgMachairodontini















†Miomachairodus 12 mya; Europe, Asia, Africa, North America; one species
†Hemimachairodus 2 mya; Asia; one species
†Machairodus 11 mya- 126,000 BCE; Europe, Asia, Africa, North America; 6 species; average 300 kg

Question: What did Machairodontinae primarily prey on?

Tennessee

Cargo services in Tennessee are primarily served by CSX Transportation, which has a hump yard in Nashville called Radnor Yard. Norfolk Southern Railway operates lines in East Tennessee, through cities including Knoxville and Chattanooga, and operates a classification yard near Knoxville, the John Sevier Yard. BNSF operates a major intermodal facility in Memphis.

Question: What is Tennessee main export?

Lucille Ball

When Ball registered to vote in 1936, she listed her party affiliation as Communist.[59] (She was registered as a Communist in 1938 as well.)[60]

Question: How did Lucille Ball die?

Tariff

Comparative advantage theory allows for a "static" and not a "dynamic" analysis of the economy. That is, it examines the facts at a single point in time and determines the best response to those facts at that point in time, given our productivity in various industries. But when it comes to long-term growth, it says nothing about how the facts can change tomorrow and how they can be changed in someone's favour. It does not indicate how best to transform factors of production into more productive factors in the future.[54]

Question: What's a tariff?
Kim Darroch

Darroch was born in County Durham on 30 April 1954. He was educated at Abingdon School and at Durham University, from where he graduated with a BSc in Zoology.[3][4]

Question: Who is the UK ambassador to US?

Geography of Vietnam

The Mekong Delta, covering about 40,000 square kilometers, is a low-level plain not more than three meters above sea level at any point and criss-crossed by a maze of canals and rivers. So much sediment is carried by the Mekong's various branches and tributaries that the delta advances sixty to eighty meters into the sea every year. An official Vietnamese source estimates the amount of sediment deposited annually to be about 1 billion cubic meters, or nearly 13 times the amount deposited by the Red River. About 10,000 square kilometers of the delta are under rice cultivation, making the area one of the major rice-growing regions of the world. The southern tip, known as the Cà Mau Peninsula is covered by dense jungle and mangrove swamps.

Question: What countries border Vietnam?

Horse

Periodically, populations of horses in isolated areas are speculated to be relict populations of wild horses, but generally have been proven to be feral or domestic. For example, the Riwoche horse of Tibet was proposed as such,[134] but testing did not reveal genetic differences from domesticated horses.[138] Similarly, the Sorraia of Portugal was proposed as a direct descendant of the Tarpan based on shared characteristics,[139][140] but genetic studies have shown that the Sorraia is more closely related to other horse breeds and that the outward similarity is an unreliable measure of relatedness.[139][141]

Question: How long do horses live?

Navajo Nation

An important part of the Navajo economy and culture is based on the raising of sheep and goats. Navajo families process the sheep wool, selling it for cash, or turning it into yarn and producing blankets and rugs for sale.  The Navajo are noted for their skill in creating turquoise and silver jewelry. Navajo artists have added other traditional arts, such as sand painting, sculpture, and pottery, for sale or trade.

Question: What is the Navajo population today?
Battle of Chosin Reservoir

Although the 9th Corps Army was one of China's elite formations, composed of veterans and former POWs from the Huaihai Campaign,[9]:52 several deficiencies hampered its ability during the battle. Initially the 9th Army was intended to be outfitted in Manchuria during November, but Mao suddenly ordered it into Korea before that could happen.[20] As a result, the 9th Corps Army had almost no winter clothing for the harsh Korean winter.[21] Similarly, poor logistics forced the 9th Corps Army to abandon heavy artillery,[2][1]:36 while working with little food and ammunition.[21] The food shortage forced the 9th Corps Army to initially station a third of its strength away from the Chosin Reservoir in reserve,[22] and starvation and exposure broke out among the Chinese units, since foraging was not an option in the sparsely populated area.[21] By the end of the battle, more Chinese troops had died from the cold than from combat and air raids.[23]

Question: When did the Battle of Jangjin Lake happen?

St Peter's Anglican Church and Glebe Cemetery

The organ, with richly decorated pipes, was built by Henry Willis, of London, in 1876. Pending the building of the church, it was stored in the parish Denominational School. It is one of the best-preserved such instruments in the State, having been conserved with financial assistance from the Heritage Office.[1]

Question: When was St. Peter's Anglican Church built in East Maitland?

Kingdom Hearts III

English voice actors reprising their roles from previous games include Haley Joel Osment as Sora,[84] Bill Farmer as Goofy, Tony Anselmo as Donald Duck,[84][122] David Gallagher as Riku, Bret Iwan as Mickey Mouse, and Alyson Stoner as Kairi.[123] Many of the voice actors for the Disney and Pixar characters reprise their roles from their respective films. These include: Josh Gad as Olaf; Kristen Bell as Anna; Idina Menzel as Elsa; Jonathan Groff as Kristoff; Zachary Levi as Flynn Rider; Donna Murphy as Mother Gothel; John Ratzenberger as Hamm; Wallace Shawn as Rex; Tate Donovan as Hercules; James Woods as Hades; Kevin McNally as Gibbs;[84] Susan Egan as Megara;[124] Ryan Potter as Hiro; Jamie Chung as Go Go; Scott Adsit as Baymax; Genesis Rodriguez as Honey Lemon; Khary Payton as Wasabi (who reprises the role from Big Hero 6: The Series replacing Damon Wayans Jr. from the film);[125] and T.J. Miller as Fred.[126] They are joined by Carlos Alazraqui as Mike Wazowski (who reprises the role from other video games, replacing Billy Crystal) and Christopher Swindle as Sulley (replacing John Goodman).[122] Rutger Hauer also voices Master Xehanort, replacing Leonard Nimoy after his death in 2015. Kingdom Hearts III also has full voice acting in optional dialogue moments outside of cut scenes, which is a first for the series.[77]

Question: When does Kingdom Hearts 3 come out?
Zürich Underground Railway

In 1864, one year after the opening of the Metropolitan Railway in London, the Zürcherische Freitagszeitung (Zürich Friday Journal) published the visionary idea of a partly underground steam railway that was to go from the main station, along the Fröschengraben and end at Lake Zürich. However, the moat was filled up and became the Bahnhofstrasse instead.[2] At the beginning of the 1930s, the development of the Zürich tramway network was by and large completed and newly built districts became accessible by bus and trolleybus lines. City architect Herbert Steiner, who had developed the Zürich building and zoning regulations in 1948, predicted that 550,000 people would be living in the city. He deemed the disentanglement of traffic streams and the massive expansion of public transport essential in order to realize the ideal of a garden city. However, in his opinion the city was and would always be too small for an underground railway. Architect Armin Meili and geographer Hans Carol held similar views, but due to the imminent post-war economic boom (Golden Age of Capitalism) and mass motorization, their voices remained almost unheard.[3]

Question: How fast are the trains in the Zürich Underground Railway?

Trans-Canada Highway

Highway11/Highway17 proceeds southeast for 65km (40mi) to Thunder Bay, then northeast for 115km (71mi) to Nipigon.[8] An 83-kilometre (52mi) segment of the Trans-Canada Highway between Thunder Bay and Nipigon is commemorated as the Terry Fox Courage Highway.[8] Fox was forced to abandon his cross-country Marathon of Hope run here, and a bronze statue of him was later erected in his honour. The highway is the only road that connects eastern and western Canada. On January 10, 2016, the Nipigon River Bridge suffered a mechanical failure, closing the Trans-Canada Highway briefly and forcing travellers to go around Lake Superior.[9]

Question: What is the oldest highway in Canada?
German attack on Vimy Ridge, 21 May 1916

On 23 May the weather was still too hazy but artillery-observation aircraft took off at 3:30 a.m.;before conditions got worse, a reconnaissance on the First Army front found suspicious rail movements at Lens.[22] In the afternoon, another conference was held, this time including Monro, Allenby, Wilson and two officers from General Headquarters (GHQ). The GHQ staff reiterated that Haig wanted a line established where it could be maintained and was willing to supply what guns, ammunition and troops were necessary. Wilson was keen to attack before the Germans could finish consolidating the captured ground and the army commanders agreed and the attack due that night was to go ahead. At 8:25 p.m. after a one-hour hurricane bombardment to re-capture the former support line and if possible the old front line, dig in and dig a new support line half-way back to the Talus des Zouaves. The main attack was to be made by the 99th Brigade and the 226th Field Company RE from Central Ave to Landwehr Ave, supported on the right by the 7th Brigade south of Central Ave and on the left by the 242nd Brigade from Landwehr to Uhlan Ave. At 11:30 a.m. a German bombardment began on the British assembly area and increased at 2:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. but the British heavy guns could make little reply due to a shortage of ammunition.[27]

Question: How many casualties were there during the German attack on Vimy Ridge, 21 May 1916 ?

First Nations

In 1981, Elijah Harper, a Cree from Red Sucker Lake, Manitoba, became the first "Treaty Indian" in Manitoba to be elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. In 1990, Harper achieved national fame by holding an eagle feather as he refused to accept the Meech Lake Accord, a constitutional amendment package negotiated to gain Quebec's acceptance of the Constitution Act, 1982, but also one that did not address any First Nations grievances. The accord was negotiated in 1987 without the input of Canada's Aboriginal peoples.[95][96][97] The third, final constitutional conference on Aboriginal peoples was also unsuccessful. The Manitoba assembly was required to unanimously consent to a motion allowing it to hold a vote on the accord, because of a procedural rule. Twelve days before the ratification deadline for the Accord, Harper began a filibuster that prevented the assembly from ratifying the accord. Because Meech Lake failed in Manitoba, the proposed constitutional amendment failed.[98] Harper also opposed the Charlottetown Accord in 1992, even though Assembly of First Nations Chief Ovide Mercredi supported it.[85]

Question: How many First Nations currently exist?
Karl Dietrich Bracher

Another well-known book associated with Bracher was the 1960 monograph co-written with Wolfgang Sauer and Gerhard Schulz Die nationalsozialistische Machtergreifung (The National Socialist Seizure of Power), which described in considerable detail the Gleichschaltung of German life in 1933–1934. In a review of Die nationalsozialistische Machtergreifung, the American historian Walter Laqueur praised Bracher, Sauer and Schulz for their refusal to engage in apologetics, and willingness to ask tough questions about the conduct of Germans under the Nazi regime.[19] In the same review, Laqueur expressed regret that books like William L. Shirer's The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich were best-sellers, while a book like Die nationalsozialistische Machtergreifung, which Laqueur regarded as infinitely better work of scholarship then Shirer's  book was unlikely ever to be translated into English, let alone become a bestseller.[20]

Question: When was Karl Dietrich Bracher born?

Complex number

If z is a real number (that is, if y = 0), then r = |x|. That is, the absolute value of a real number equals its absolute value as a complex number.

Question: Who introduced the concept of complex numbers?

List of wine-producing regions

Bangalore, Karnataka
Bijapur, Karnataka
Narayangaon
Nashik, Maharashtra
Pune, Maharashtra
Sangli, Maharashtra

Question: Which country is the largest producer of wine?

The Secret of Monkey Island

The game was conceived in 1988 by Lucasfilm employee Ron Gilbert, who designed it with Tim Schafer and Dave Grossman. Gilbert's frustrations with contemporary adventure titles led him to make the player character's death almost impossible, which meant that gameplay focused the game on exploration. The atmosphere was based on that of the Pirates of the Caribbean theme park ride. The Secret of Monkey Island was the fifth game built with the SCUMM engine, which was heavily modified to include a more user-friendly interface.

Question: How long was The Secret of Monkey Island in production?

Abraham Jacob Hollandersky

The initial rounds of the match went slowly and uneventfully, followed by several rounds where Ortega clinched frequently using his weight advantage to wear down his opponent.  In the later rounds, Hollandersky landed frequent blows to the chest, probably lacking the reach to connect often with the head or chin and wary of exposing himself to an opponent with greater reach and power.  Ortega used backhanded blows from his glove throughout the match.  With Ortega in pain, exhausted, struggling, and suffering from a blow to the chin, he struck Abe below the belt in round 18.  According to Hollandersky's autobiography, Ortega, "backed away, leered at me, and then deliberately raised his leg and kicked me in the belly".  One account indicates the blow was from a raised knee.[68]  After calling a foul for the low blow, the referee called the bout, and Hollandersky retained the Panamanian Heavyweight Title.[69]

Question: When did Abe "The Newsboy" Hollandersky die?
Marianismo

This pillar focuses on the perceived ability, and therefore responsibility, given to women to lead their families in spiritual growth and religious practice.[7] This pillar is considered to be very important to perceived "good mothers".[22] Higher endorsement of spiritual responsibility of women and mothers is linked to anger, hostility, and anxiety in women.[20]

Question: Who coined the term "marianismo"?

Isabel Martínez de Perón

The UCR initiated impeachment proceedings against the President in February with the support of the "Rebel" Peronist faction in Congress. Near defeat though still active, the Montoneros detonated a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, killing one and injuring 29 people.[16] The head of the CGE, Julio Broner, left Argentina with his family, altogether; CGT Secretary General Casildo Herreras followed suit, announcing from exile that he had "erased" himself. The leader of the opposition UCR Ricardo Balbín, while making efforts to form a multi-party congressional crisis committee, held a private meeting in February with Army Chief of Staff Videla and told him, "If you're planning to stage a coup, do so as soon as possible – expect no applause from us, but no obstacles either."[27] The media were by then openly counting down the days to the expected coup d'état, and several newspapers published editorials calling for Perón's overthrow.[28] Even as the joint chiefs professed loyalty to La Presidente, the Armed Forces High Command had already given final approval to a coup, code-named 'Operation Aries', when the president returned from her leave of absence in October 1975.[29]

Question: When was María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón born?

Sophocles

Among Sophocles' earliest innovations was the addition of a third actor, which further reduced the role of the chorus and created greater opportunity for character development and conflict between characters.[6] Aeschylus, who dominated Athenian playwriting during Sophocles' early career, followed suit and adopted the third character into his own work towards the end of his life.[6] Aristotle credits Sophocles with the introduction of skenographia, or scenery-painting. It was not until after the death of the old master Aeschylus in 456 BC that Sophocles became the pre-eminent playwright in Athens.[2]

Question: What years did Sophocles live?

Nightwing

Grayson's Nightwing costume was a high-tech suit specially designed for his high-flying acrobatic style. His gauntlets and boots each contained eight compartments in which he could store items. They had a self-destruct feature built into them, similar to the ones in Batman's utility belt, and, as another security measure, the suit contained a one-use-only taser charge, which automatically emitted a high-voltage electrical shock when someone attempted to tamper with either the boots or gauntlets.

Question: Who is Nightwing?