copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Holy Roman Empire

The empire was dissolved on 6 August 1806, when the last Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (from 1804, Emperor Francis I of Austria) abdicated, following a military defeat by the French under Napoleon at Austerlitz (see Treaty of Pressburg). Napoleon reorganized much of the Empire into the Confederation of the Rhine, a French satellite. Francis' House of Habsburg-Lorraine survived the demise of the empire, continuing to reign as Emperors of Austria and Kings of Hungary until the Habsburg empire's final dissolution in 1918 in the aftermath of World War I.

Question: When did the Holy Roman Empire end?

Rubén Darío



In his autobiography, Darío relates those protests with the Mexican Revolution, which was about to occur:

Question: When did Rubén Darío die?

Octavia E. Butler

Publishers and critics have labelled Butler's work as science fiction.[4] While Butler enjoyed the genre deeply, calling it "potentially the freest genre in existence",[46] she resisted being branded a genre writer.[14] Her narratives have drawn attention of people from varied ethnic and cultural backgrounds.[13] She claimed to have three loyal audiences: black readers, science-fiction fans, and feminists.[36]

Question: Where was author Octavia E. Butler born?

Yangtze

From June to September 1954, the Yangtze River Floods were a series of catastrophic floodings that occurred mostly in Hubei Province. Due to unusually high volume of precipitation as well as an extraordinarily long rainy season in the middle stretch of the Yangtze River late in the spring of 1954, the river started to rise above its usual level in around late June. Despite efforts to open three important flood gates to alleviate the rising water by diverting it, the flood level continued to rise until it hit the historic high of 44.67 m in Jingzhou, Hubei and 29.73 m in Wuhan. The number of dead from this flood was estimated at around 33,000, including those who died of plague in the aftermath of the disaster.

Question: What does the name of the Yangtze River mean?

Leif Erikson

For the centenary of the first official immigration of Norwegians to America, President Calvin Coolidge stated at the 1925 Minnesota State Fair, to a crowd of 100,000 people, that Leif had indeed been the first European to discover America.[18] Further statues of him were erected at the Minnesota State Capitol in St. Paul in 1949, near Lake Superior in Duluth in 1956, and in downtown Seattle.[18]

Question: When was Leif Erikson born?
Mars trilogy

Earth meanwhile increasingly falls under the control of transnational corporations (transnats) that come to dominate its governments, particularly smaller nations adopted as "flags of convenience" for extending their influence into Martian affairs. As UNOMA's power erodes, the Mars treaty is renegotiated in a move led by Frank Chalmers; the outcome is impressive but proves short-lived as the transnats find ways around it through loop-holes. Things get worse as the nations of Earth start to clash over limited resources, expanding debt, and population growth as well as restrictions on access to a new longevity treatment developed by Martian science—one that holds the promise of lifespans into the hundreds of years. In 2061, with Boone dead and exploding immigration threatening the fabric of Martian society, Bogdanov launches a revolution against what many now view as occupying transnat troops operating only loosely under an UNOMA rubber-stamp approval. Initially successful, the revolution proves infeasible on the basis of both a greater-than-expected willingness of the Earth troops to use violence and the extreme vulnerability of life on a planet without a habitable atmosphere. A series of exchanges sees the cutting of the space elevator, bombardment of several Martian cities (including the city where Bogdanov is himself organizing the rebellion; he is killed), the destruction of Phobos and its military complex, and the unleashing of a great flood of torrential groundwater freed by nuclear detonations.

Question: When did Kim Stanley Robinson start the Mars trilogy?

Blood volume

Total Blood Volume can be measured manually via the Dual Isotope or Dual Tracer Technique, a classic technique, available since the 1950s.[3] This technique requires double labeling of the blood; that is 2 injections and 2 standards (51Cr-RBC for tagging red blood cells and I-HAS for tagging plasma volume)as well as withdrawing and re-infusing patients with their own blood for blood volume analysis results. This method may take up to 6 hours for accurate results.

Question: What is the average volume of blood in an adult human?

Mary Poppins Returns

The next day, the Banks family goes to the park and purchases balloons that take them into the air, in which they are joined by Jack and numerous others. When they return home, Mary Poppins realizes it is time for her to go, and Michael and Jane thank her as she flies back up into the sky.

Question: What was the budget for Mary Poppins Returns the film?

Sang-Min Whang



Sang Min Whang said “[I] did not [use the word “genitals” to] belittle women as a whole but used [the word] as an academic term to differentiate between societal role and biological difference,” but Sung Joo Kim retorted, “his action is one of not being able to distinguish things you should say and things you should not say.”  On this, Sang Min Whang analyzed if Sung Joo Kim “is idolizing candidate Park as a divine being and not as a person then it shows the state of mind as is that considers the word “genitals” as profane and blasphemous.”

Question: When was Sang Min Leo Whang born?
Spider-Verse

On Earth-982, Daemos attacks May Parker (Peter Parker's daughter and the heroine known as Spider-Girl). Her boyfriend Wes, Peter, and Mary Jane sacrifice themselves in order to save her and her baby brother Ben. Spider-UK and Last Stand Spider-Man arrive via portal and take her and Benjy away. May vows to kill Daemos.[17]

Question: When did Spiderman: Enter the Spiderverse release?

Navajo language

The Apachean languages, of which Navajo is one, are thought to have arrived in the American Southwest from the north by 1500 CE, probably passing through Alberta and Wyoming.[14][15] Archaeological finds considered to be proto-Navajo have been located in the far northern New Mexico around the La Plata, Animas and Pine rivers, dating to around 1500. In 1936, linguist Edward Sapir showed how the arrival of the Navajo people in the new arid climate among the corn agriculturalists of the Pueblo area was reflected in their language by tracing the changing meanings of words from Proto-Athabaskan to Navajo. For example, the word *dè:, which in Proto-Athabaskan meant "horn" and "dipper made from animal horn", in Navajo came to mean "gourd" or "dipper made from gourd". Likewise, the Proto-Athabaskan word *ɫ-yáxs "snow lies on the ground" in Navajo became sàs "corn lies on the ground". Similarly, the Navajo word for "corn" is nà:-dą:, derived from two Proto-Athabaskan roots meaning "enemy" and "food", suggesting that the Navajo originally considered corn to be "food of the enemy" when they first arrived among the Pueblo people.[16][17]

Question: What is the language of the Navajo's called?

Cereal

If a crop is harvested during humid weather, the grain may not dry adequately in the field to prevent spoilage during its storage. In this case, the grain is sent to a dehydrating facility, where artificial heat dries it.

Question: What are the three most consumed cereal grains?

Early life of Isaac Newton

The publication of these discoveries led to a series of controversies which lasted for several years, in which Newton had to contend with the eminent English physicist Robert Hooke, Anthony Lucas (mathematical professor at the University of Liège), Franciscus Linus (a physician in Liège), and many others. Some of his opponents denied the truth of his experiments, refusing to believe in the existence of the spectrum. Others criticised the experiments, saying that the length of the spectrum was never more than three and a half times the breadth, whereas Newton found it to be five times the breadth. It appears that Newton made the mistake of supposing that all prisms would give a spectrum of exactly the same length; the objections of his opponents led him to measure carefully the lengths of spectra formed by prisms of different angles and of different refractive indices; but he was not led thereby to the discovery of the different dispersive powers of different refractive substances.

Question: Where did Issac Newton attend college?
Chancellor of Germany

In both of these aspects, the executive of the federation, and then empire, as it was formed in 1867 and 1871, was deliberately different from the Imperial Ministry of the revolutionary years 1848/49, which had been led by a prime minister elected by the National Assembly.

Question: Who was German chancellor before Merkel?

Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations

Other states which have expressed an interest in joining the Commonwealth over the years or states which may be eligible to join the Commonwealth include Algeria, Bahrain[53], Cambodia, Egypt[53], Eritrea[53], Israel[61], Libya[53], Madagascar, Palestine, United States[53] and Yemen.[62][63]

Question: What is the most recent country to join the Commonwealth of Nations?

History of the Royal Air Force

The 2003 invasion of Iraq saw a large RAF deployment to the Gulf, including RAF strike aircraft. The RAF also staged the base for the 4 US B-52 Bombers which attacked Iraq almost every night. The only RAF losses were a friendly fire incident when an RAF Tornado jet was shot down by a US Patriot missile killing both pilot and Weapons Systems Operator due to the Patriot missile mistakenly recognising the Tornado as a Mig, and a Hercules transport plane shot down by ground fire killing the ten personnel on board just after take off from the US controlled airfield.  Following the invasion occupation of southern Iraq by British Forces, the RAF was deployed at Basra. As part of Operation Telic, Merlin, Puma and Chinook helicopters operated from Basra, protected by the RAF Regiment, forming 903 Expeditionary Air Wing.[52]

Question: When was the Royal Air Force established?

List of mountain peaks of California

List of mountain peaks of North America
List of mountain peaks of Greenland
List of mountain peaks of Canada
List of mountain peaks of the Rocky Mountains
List of mountain peaks of the United States
List of mountain peaks of Alaska
List of mountain peaks of Arizona
List of mountain peaks of California
List of mountains of California
List of the major 4000-meter summits of California
List of the major 3000-meter summits of California
List of California fourteeners
List of mountain ranges of California
List of mountain peaks of Colorado
List of mountain peaks of Hawaiʻi
List of mountain peaks of Idaho
List of mountain peaks of Montana
List of mountain peaks of Nevada
List of mountain peaks of New Mexico
List of mountain peaks of Oregon
List of mountain peaks of Utah
List of mountain peaks of Washington
List of mountain peaks of Wyoming
List of mountain peaks of México
List of mountain peaks of Central America
List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean
California
Geography of California
Category:Mountains of California
commons:Category:Mountains of California
Physical geography
Topography
Topographic elevation
Topographic prominence
Topographic isolation Baltic Peak

Question: What is the tallest mountain in California?

Jose Ramon Villarin

In 2011, he became the president of Ateneo de Manila University.[7]

Question: Who is president of Ateneo de Manila University?
Mass





a
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M
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.


{\displaystyle a={\frac {M}{m}}g.}



Question: What unit is used to measure mass?

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

1714 production aircraft were delivered to the Air Force prior to any conversions or redesignations, with their original block numbers.

Question: What was the first fighter plane in the U.S. Air Force?

Benjamin Henry Latrobe

In 1803, Jefferson hired Latrobe as Surveyor of the Public Buildings of the United States, and to work as superintendent of construction of the United States Capitol.[53] As construction of the capitol was already underway, Latrobe was tasked to work with William Thornton's plans,[54] which Latrobe criticized. In an 1803 letter to Vice President Aaron Burr, he characterized the plans and work done as "faulty construction".[55] Nonetheless, President Thomas Jefferson insisted that Latrobe follow Thornton's design for the capitol.[56]

Question: How many buildings in Washington D.C. are designed by Latrobe?

Climate of Oklahoma City

In spring (March to early June), Oklahoma City lies in a zone of frequent conflict between warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and cold, dry air from Canada.  Furthermore, the "dryline," separating hot, dry air from Mexico and the southwestern U.S. from warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, often spawns strong to severe thunderstorms across central Oklahoma.  Accordingly, precipitation sees a marked uptick in spring, not uncommonly accompanied by severe weather, including severe thunderstorms, large hail, and tornadoes, especially from mid-April to early June, with May the highest-risk month.  Oklahoma City, and central Oklahoma generally, is one of the most tornado-prone places in the world.  The average date of the last spring freeze is March 29, while the first 90°F (32°C) of summer can be expected on May 6.

Question: What kind of weather does Oklahoma have?

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

While World War II (called the Great Patriotic War by the Soviet government) did not end before May 1945, the Germans were driven out of Ukraine between February 1943 and October 1944. The first task of the Soviet authorities was to reestablish political control over the republic which had been entirely lost during the war. This was an immense task, considering the widespread human and material losses. During World War II the Soviet Union lost around 11 million combatants and around 7 million civilians, of these, 4.1 million and 1.4 were Ukrainian civilians and military personnel. Also, an estimated 3.9 million Ukrainians were evacuated to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic during the war, and 2.2 million Ukrainians were sent to forced labour camps by the Germans.

Question: When did the Ukraine join the Soviet Union?
Pallid sturgeon

Two populations of pallid sturgeon in the Missouri and Yellowstone rivers of Montana are both at risk of extinction, and current projections are that wild pallid sturgeon populations in Montana will be extinct by 2018.[2] Though a vigorous stocking effort was implemented in 1996, until pallid sturgeon females reach reproductive maturity sometime after they are 15years of age, recovery efforts in Montana will not be readily measurable. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has been conducting spring pulse water releases from the Tiber Dam every four to fiveyears to try to recreate a semblance of an annual spring flood to restore and rejuvenate downstream floodplains. These pulse releases are done in an effort to restore suitable habitat for numerous fish species.[38]

Question: How long are pallid sturgeons?

Stanley Cup

There are actually three Stanley Cups: the original bowl of the "Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup", the authenticated "Presentation Cup", and the spelling corrected "Permanent Cup" on display at the Hockey Hall of Fame. The NHL has maintained effective control over both the trophy itself and its associated trademarks. Nevertheless, the NHL does not actually own the trophy, but instead uses it by agreement with the two Canadian Trustees of the Cup.[3] The NHL has registered trademarks associated with the name and likeness of the Stanley Cup, although the league's right to outright own trademarks associated with a trophy it does not own has been disputed by some legal experts.[4] The original bowl was made of silver and is 18.5centimetres (7.28inches) in height and 29centimetres (11.42inches) in diameter. The current Stanley Cup, topped with a copy of the original bowl, is made of a silver and nickel alloy; it has a height of 89.54centimetres (35.25inches) and weighs 15.5kilograms (34.5 lb).[5]

Question: When was the Stanley Cup hockey championship first played?

Richard Adams

 at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
 at the Internet Book List
 at the Internet Book Database of Fiction
 on IMDb
 in libraries (WorldCat catalog)



Question: Where was Richard Adams born?

Field hockey at the Summer Olympics

The first women's Olympic field hockey competition was held at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Olympic field hockey games were first played on artificial turf at the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games.

Question: When was field hockey made an Olympic sport?
Letterkenny

By the early 17th century the name Uí Canannain had been anglicised to O'Cannon. Further anglicisation took place during the Penal Laws in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and the name in Co. Dun na nGall became Cannon. In the early 1880s, there were just 200 families bearing the Cannon surname living in Co. Donegal, who were mainly tenant farmers. The Cannons/O'Canannains were of the ancient sept of Cenell Conaill, a branch of the northern Uí Néill and descend from Ruaidrí ua Canannain (died 30 November 950), King of Cenel Conaill, and grandson of Canannain, who flourished in the second half of the 9th century. The site of the ancient seat of the Ó Canannain was near Letterkenny (the largest town of County Donegal only since the 1950s), which is said on good authority (?) to represent the countryside of the O'Cannons (English translation).

Question: What is the population of Letterkenny?

Rogue One

The film spent a total of $265 million and received a $45 million subsidy from the United Kingdom's film incentive program.
[89]

Question: When did Star Wars: Rogue Squadron release?

Woolwich

Greenwich Council has plans to demolish the 1980s Waterfront Leisure Centre next to the Woolwich Ferry and build a new leisure centre in Wilmount Street. There is an indoor climbing wall in the Docklands area.

Question: What is the population of Woolwich?

Measles

Complications of measles are relatively common, ranging from mild ones such as diarrhea to serious ones such as pneumonia (either direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia), bronchitis (either direct viral bronchitis or secondary bacterial bronchitis), otitis media,[20] acute brain inflammation[21] (and very rarely subacute sclerosing panencephalitis),[22] and corneal ulceration (leading to corneal scarring).[23] In addition, measles can suppress the immune system for weeks to months, and this can contribute to bacterial superinfections like otitis media and bacterial pneumonia.[24][25][26]

Question: What kind of illness is measles?

Big Brothers Big Sisters of America

Big Brothers Big Sisters International was founded in 1998. BBBS International's mission is to promote and support the development of Big Brothers Big Sisters mentoring programs throughout the world, operating independently in various countries. This is done by providing consultation, technical assistance, training and materials for NGOs wanting to develop this mentoring model.

Question: Who are the Big Sisters?

Eugene Sternberg

Arapahoe Acres has retained its design integrity to this day. It has been well cared for and has benefited particularly from the persistent advocacy of one resident, Diane Wray.  "On November 3, 1998, Arapahoe Acres became the first, and remains today the only, post-World War II residential subdivision listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a National Register Historic District." [3]

Question: When was Eugene Sternberg born?
Agnosia

In order to assess an individual for agnosia, it must be verified that the individual is not suffering from a loss of sensation, and that both their language abilities and intelligence are intact.  In order for an individual to be diagnosed with agnosia, they must only be experiencing a sensory deficit in a single modality.  To make a diagnosis, the distinction between apperceptive and associative agnosia must be made.  This distinction can be made by having the individual complete copying and matching tasks.  If the individual is suffering from a form of apperceptive agnosia they will not be able to match two stimuli that are identical in appearance.  In contrast, if an individual is suffering from a form of associative agnosia, they will not be able to match different examples of a stimulus.  For example, an individual who has been diagnosed with associative agnosia in the visual modality would not be able to match pictures of a laptop that is open with a laptop that is closed.[3]

Question: What causes agnosia?

Lou Lombardo (filmmaker)

In 1986 Lombardo returned to editing with the fairly inconsequential Stewardess School. The film was produced by Phil Feldman, who had produced The Wild Bunch about 15 years earlier. Lombardo's next film was Moonstruck (1987), which was being directed and produced by Norman Jewison. Moonstruck was extremely successful at the box office, garnered three Academy Awards and three additional nominations, and has been well-regarded by many critics.[43][44] Stephen Prince has written, "Another brilliant editor of late-sixties American cinema, Lou Lombardo (who edited The Wild Bunch (1969) to seminal effect) worked sporadically in the eighties and mainly on low-key films (Moonstruck, In Country (1989)) where his editing choices showed the intelligence and subtlety that rarely wins Oscars. The wonderful comic effectiveness and timing of Moonstruck, for example, depends as much on Lombardo's editing as on John Patrick Shanley's script or the performances by Cher, Nicolas Cage, and the rest of the cast."[10] Lombardo next edited The January Man (1989), which was also produced by Jewison but directed by Pat O'Connor. Lombardo worked on five more films through 1991, of which the very popular comedy Uncle Buck (1989, written and directed by John Hughes) is likely the best known.[45] The final film edited by Lombardo was still another of Jewison's productions, Other People's Money (1991).

Question: When did Lou Lombardo die?

1903 Tour de France

There were 21 cyclists who had completed all six stages. For these cyclists, the times taken for each stage were added up for the general classification. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the winner. The cyclists officially were not grouped in teams; some cyclists had the same sponsor, even though they were not allowed to work together.[22]

Question: Who won the first Tour de France?
Musical film

Hollywood released more than 100 musical films in 1930, but only 14 in 1931.[4] By late 1930, audiences had been oversaturated with musicals and studios were forced to cut the music from films that were then being released. For example, Life of the Party (1930) was originally produced as an all-color, all-talking musical comedy. Before it was released, however, the songs were cut out. The same thing happened to Fifty Million Frenchmen (1931) and Manhattan Parade (1932) both of which had been filmed entirely in Technicolor. Marlene Dietrich sang songs successfully in her films, and Rodgers and Hart wrote a few well-received films, but even their popularity waned by 1932.[4] The public had quickly come to associate color with musicals and thus the decline in their popularity also resulted in a decline in color productions.

Question: What was the first musical movie?

T-44

In conjunction with the video game company Gaijin Entertainment, creators of the World War II multiplayer combat game War Thunder, the tank was restored to full operating condition over the course of nearly six months, painted a parade camouflage in the style of the 29th Tank Corps of the 5th Guards Mechanized Army.

Question: How many T-44 tanks did the Soviet Union produce?

Euclid

In addition to the Elements, at least five works of Euclid have survived to the present day. They follow the same logical structure as Elements, with definitions and proved propositions.

Question: What was Euclid's most important mathematical contribution?