copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Dynasties in Chinese history

In addition, China was divided for short periods of its history, with different regions being ruled by different groups. During such periods, there was not any single dynasty ruling a unified China. As a case in point, there is much dispute about times in and after the Western Zhou period. In the Chinese historiographical tradition, each new dynasty would write the history of the dynasty which preceded it. This cycle was disrupted, however, when the Xinhai Revolution overthrew the Qing dynasty in favor of a republic. Even an attempt by Republicans to draft the history of the Qing was disrupted by the Chinese Civil War, which resulted in the division of China into the People's Republic of China on mainland China and the Republic of China on Taiwan.[1]

Question: What dynasty united the kingdoms of China?

Joint Declaration of Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill

Metropolitan Hilarion Alfeyev told Russian News Agency TASS that critics of dialogue who consider Christian disunity to be normal hold a fallacious position against Jesus' command, in , that they all may be one. Alfeyev pointed out that this command had been broken and this condition is wrong and sinful. The purpose of the dialogue is reflected in the joint statement and is not intended to overcome division and differences, according to Alfayev.[4]

Question: What year was the Havana Declaration released?

Sorghum

3-Deoxyanthocyanidin
Apigeninidin
Baijiu – Chinese alcoholic beverage distilled from sorghum
Millet
Push–pull technology pest control strategy for maize and sorghum

Question: What is sorghum used for?

Asmodeus

In 1641, the Spanish playwright and novelist Luis Velez de Guevara published the satirical novel El diablo cojuelo, where Asmodeus is represented as a mischievous demon endowed with a playful and satirical genius. The plot presents a rascal student that hides in an astrologer's mansard. He frees a devil from a bottle. As an acknowledgement the devil shows him the apartments of Madrid and the tricks, miseries and mischiefs of their inhabitants.[38][39] The French novelist Alain-René Lesage adapted the Spanish source in his 1707 novel le Diable boiteux,[36] where he likened him to Cupid.  In the book, he is rescued from an enchanted glass bottle by a Spanish student Don Cleophas Leandro Zambullo. Grateful, he joins with the young man on a series of adventures before being recaptured. Asmodeus is portrayed in a sympathetic light as good-natured, and a canny satirist and critic of human society.[36] In another episode Asmodeus takes Don Cleophas for a night flight, and removes the roofs from the houses of a village to show him the secrets of what passes in private lives. Following Lesage's work, he was depicted in a number of novels and periodicals, mainly in France but also London and New York.[40]

Question: Who is the king of all demons?
Kent County Cricket Club

Overseas players who have made a significant contribution to Kent cricket include West Indians John Shepherd, Eldine Baptiste, Bernard Julien and Carl Hooper and Pakistan captain Asif Iqbal all of whom played multiple seasons for the county. South Africans Martin van Jaarsveld, Justin Kemp and Andrew Hall have done the same,[104] as has Australian Andrew Symonds. Other great world cricketers to have played for the county for single seasons include Sri Lankans Aravinda de Silva and Muttiah Muralitharan, India's Rahul Dravid and Australia's former Test captain Steve Waugh.[105]

Question: How old is the Kent County Cricket Club?

Laws of the Game (association football)

The current Laws of the Game (LOTG) consist of seventeen individual laws, each law containing several rules and directions:[1]

Question: How many rules are there for modern soccer?

Johannesburg

A completely refurbished Soccer City stadium in Johannesburg hosted the 2010 FIFA World Cup final.

Question: How large is Johannesburg's population?

2020 Summer Olympics

The 2020 schedule by session was approved by the IOC Executive Board on 18 July 2018, with the exception of swimming, diving, and synchronized swimming. A more detailed schedule by event has been released on 16 April 2019, still omitting a detailed schedule for the boxing events.[68][69]

Question: When is the next Summer Games?

List of Zatch Bell! episodes

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Question: How many episodes did Zatch Bell have?

DuPont

DuPont ranked 15th among United States corporations in the value of wartime production contracts.[11] As the inventor and manufacturer of nylon, DuPont helped produce the raw materials for parachutes, powder bags,[12] and tires.[13]

Question: When was Dupont founded?

WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship

The WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship and the top title contested for in the Puerto Rican professional wrestling promotion, the World Wrestling Council. The championship was established in July 1982, as the WWC World Heavyweight Championship, when the company was named Capitol Sports Promotions. The championship received its current name following a match between Carlos Colón (WWC World Heavyweight Champion) and Ric Flair (NWA World Heavyweight Champion)  where the "Champion of the Universe" was supposed to be determined. The first champion was Abdullah the Butcher, who was billed as champion upon the title's creation. Since being established, the WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship has been held by forty-nine different wrestlers and has also been held up on nineteen occasions and vacated or stripped thirteen times.

Question: When did Juan Rivera win the WWC Universal Heavyweight title?
Sardinia

Depleted uranium and thorium dust from missile tests has been linked to an increase in cancers according to activists and local politicians.[167] In the late 1980s, a high level of birth defects occurred  near the Salto di Quirra weapons testing site after old munitions were destroyed. Italian military officials were instructed in a 2011 memo to blame inbreeding among the Sardinians.[168]

Question: What is the largest city in Sardinia?

History of ITV

By 1999, four groups owned the majority of the ITV franchises: Granada Television, Carlton Television, United News and Media (UNM) and the Scottish Media Group (SMG), with Ulster Television, Channel Television and Border Television remaining independent. From here, the companies further consolidated their channels. In November 1999 a new, hearts-based on-air look was introduced and adopted by the Granada Television and UNM regions, along with Border Television and Channel Television. This look reduced regional identity to a design at the conclusion of the ident: the majority of the ident was generic to all the stations. Two months before, in September 1999, Carlton Television dropped the Central Independent Television and Westcountry Television names from their on-air presentation, instead branding these regions as Carlton Television, and using the same presentation for all three regions. In the summer of 2000, following an unsuccessful attempt to merge with Carlton Television, UNM sold its three stations - Meridian Broadcasting, Anglia Television and HTV - to Granada Television. However, Granada Television had to sell the broadcasting arm of HTV to Carlton Television to comply with the then-current regulatory requirements. In July 2001, Granada Television acquired Border Television from Capital Radio Group and moved presentation and play-out facilities to Leeds.

Question: When did the network ITV begin?

Maize

Starch from maize can also be made into plastics, fabrics, adhesives, and many other chemical products.

Question: What is the oldest known variety of maize?

John Kerr (governor-general)

In the 1960s Kerr became one of Sydney's leading industrial lawyers. In the 1950s he had become a QC.[9]:p.144 In 1964 he was one of a group of lawyers (which also included future NSW Premier Neville Wran) who lent their expertise to the defence of the publishers of the satirical magazine Oz when they were prosecuted for obscenity.

Question: When was Sir John Robert Kerr born?
Musca

Located near Alpha is R Muscae,[16] a classical Cepheid variable ranging from apparent magnitude 5.93 to 6.73 over 7.5days. It is a yellow-white supergiant ranging between spectral types F7Ib and G2Ib,[31] located around 2037light-years away.[32] S Muscae is likewise a classical Cepheid, a yellow-white supergiant ranging between spectral types F6Ib and G0Ib and magnitudes 5.89 to 6.49 over a period of 9.66days.[33] A luminous star around 5.9times as massive as the Sun, it is a binary star with a blue-white main-sequence star companion likely to be of spectral type B3V to B5V with a mass of just over 5solar masses,[34] one of the hottest and brightest companions of a cepheid known. The two stars orbit each other every 505days.[35]

Question: What is the brightest star in the constellation Musca?

Tales of Innocence

The game's title was inspired by Luca's portrayal as an innocent young boy thrust into the world's troubles. Luca himself was portrayed as a shy and introverted type, unlike many previous Tales protagonists, which were portrayed as outgoing and confident.[22] As well as themes of coexistence common in the Tales series, the team incorporated aesthetics and motifs from the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[23] The characters were designed by regular Tales artist Mutsumi Inomata, who almost turned down the offer to work on the title due to scheduling conflicts. She created the cast of Innocence at the same time as that of Tales of Hearts, leading to difficulties with her workload.[24][25] Inomata's brief was not to emphasise the characters' status as heroes, with Luca being deliberately drawn and designed as a physically weak character.[26] As with previous games, Innocence was given a characteristic genre name. The name for Innocence was Omoi o tsunagu RPG(想いを繋ぐRPG, RPG To Tie Thoughts Together). This name was carried over into Innocence R.[27] The game's opening was animated by long-time collaborator Production I.G.[1] Innocence was first announced at a special event in July 2007, alongside ports of Tales of Rebirth and Tales of Destiny as well as Tales of Symphonia: Dawn of the New World for the Wii.[28] Innocence did not receive a localization, remaining a Japan-exclusive title. Despite this, a fan translation group working under the name "Absolute Zero" created an patch for the game that both translated the text, and fixed bugs and glitches.[29]

Question: When was Tales of Innocence released?
Puerto Ricans in Holyoke

Among of the concerns frequently cited among both the greater Holyoke Puerto Rican communities and formal surveys from the Valley's nonprofits was a profound lack of representation within the ranks of city government. By 1980 the community represented nearly 15% of the city's population, but total representation from all minority groups in Holyoke city government accounted for less than 4% of all municipal employees. In time a commitment was made by the city with the Department of Housing and Urban Development to raise this number to at least 10% by the end of 1982.[53] However this voluntary compliance in affirmative action did not address the community's needs specifically, nor its lack of leadership.

Question: How many Puerto Ricans live in Holyoke?

Gatwick Airport

Gatwick has been included in a number of reviews of airport capacity in southeastern England. Expansion options have included a third terminal and a second runway, although a 40-year agreement not to build a second runway was made in 1979 with West Sussex County Council.[56][57][172] Expanded operations would allow Gatwick to handle more passengers than Heathrow does today, with a new terminal between two wide-spaced runways. This would complement or replace the South Terminal, depending on expected future traffic.[173]

Question: How old is London Gatwick Airport?

World War I casualties

The following estimates of British Empire colonial military deaths, within contemporary borders, during World War I were made by a Russian historian Vadim Erlikman in a 2004 handbook of human losses in the 20th century. Erlikman's estimates are based on sources published in the Soviet Union and Russia.[99]

Question: How many people died in World War 1?

Anglican Church of Australia

A mission to the Aborigines was established in the Wellington Valley in New South Wales by the Church Missionary Society in 1832, but it ended in failure and indigenous people in the 19th century demonstrated a reluctance to convert to the religion of the colonists who were seizing their lands.[10]

Question: What is the Anglican population of Australia?

Ivan Pavlov

The basics of Pavlov's classical conditioning serve as a historical backdrop for current learning theories.[29] However, the Russian physiologist's initial interest in classical conditioning occurred almost by accident during one of his experiments on digestion in dogs.[30] Considering that Pavlov worked closely with animals throughout many of his experiments, his early contributions were primarily about animal learning. However, the fundamentals of classical conditioning have been examined across many different organisms, including humans.[30] The basic underlying principles of Pavlov's classical conditioning have extended to a variety of settings, such as classrooms and learning environments.

Question: Where was the psychologist Pavlov from?
College rugby

Other schools, such as Penn State and Notre Dame College, do not grant varsity status to women's rugby, but commit significant resources comparable to varsity sports, such as offering scholarships, paid coaches and trainers, and medical attention.[68]

Question: How many colleges in the U.S. have rugby teams?

Moons of Uranus

Margaret is the only known irregular prograde moon of Uranus, and it currently has the most eccentric orbit of any moon in the Solar System, though Neptune's moon Nereid has a higher mean eccentricity. As of 2008, Margaret's eccentricity is 0.7979.[35]

Question: How many moons does Uranus have?

Tobin tax

In an interview[71] given to the Italian independent radio network Radio Popolare in July 2001 James Tobin distanced himself from the global justice movement. «There are agencies and groups in Europe that have used the Tobin Tax as an issue of broader campaigns, for reasons that go far beyond my proposal. My proposal was made into a sort of milestone for an antiglobalization program». James Tobin's interview with Radio Popolare was quoted by the Italian foreign minister at the time, former director-general of the World Trade Organization Renato Ruggiero, during a  on the eve of the G8 2001 summit in Genoa. 
Afterwards James Tobin distanced himself from the global justice movement.[8][72]

Question: When did the Tobin tax originate?

Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)

Office of the Institutions of Empress Maria

Question: When did Paul I and Sophie Dorothea get married?

Muscle

Skeletal muscle is arranged in discrete muscles, an example of which is the biceps brachii (biceps). The tough, fibrous epimysium of skeletal muscle is both connected to and continuous with the tendons.  In turn, the tendons connect to the periosteum layer surrounding the bones, permitting the transfer of force from the muscles to the skeleton.  Together, these fibrous layers, along with tendons and ligaments, constitute the deep fascia of the body.

Question: What is the origin of the word muscle?

Tornado Alley

Canada Tornado Alley
Dixie Alley
Hailstorm Alley
Hurricane Alley
List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
List of tornadoes by calendar day
Tornado climatology

Question: What states are included in Tornado Alley?

Foie gras

In 2012, France produced around 19,000 tonnes of foie gras representing 75% of the world's production in that year.  This required the force-feeding of around 38 million ducks and geese.[45] World production in  2015 is estimated as 27,000 tonnes.[46]

Question: What is the number one producer of foie gras in the world?

Cambodian Americans



Tang, Shirley. "" (). Asian American Law Journal. Volume 15, Article 5. p.153-176. January 2008.

Question: What is the population of Cambodian-Americans?
Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great's remains may have been interred in his capital city of Pasargadae, where today a limestone tomb (built around 540–530 BC[84]) still exists, which many believe to be his. Strabo and Arrian give nearly identical descriptions of the tomb, based on the eyewitness report of Aristobulus of Cassandreia, who at the request of Alexander the Great visited the tomb twice.[85] Though the city itself is now in ruins, the burial place of Cyrus the Great has remained largely intact, and the tomb has been partially restored to counter its natural deterioration over the centuries. According to Plutarch, his epitaph said,

Question: When did Cyrus the Great live?

The Sue Sylvester Shuffle

Musical performances also attracted mixed commentary. Though Perry was reportedly excited by the performance of her "California Gurls",[46] it was poorly received by critics. VanDerWerff found it surprisingly "weak and lifeless",[29] and Fallon called it "slow, unfunny, and, quite frankly, boring."[27] Reiter also deemed it boring, describing it as "an elaborate smorgasbord without flavor",[36] and Rolling Stone's Erica Futterman criticized the uninspired, over-the-top choreography.[47]

Question: When did the episode The Sue Sylvester Shuffle air?

Chris Colfer

Colfer also stated that Kristin Chenoweth was another major influence on him, claiming in one interview with Jay Leno that he was nervous sitting next to her, and that Kristin was his very first celebrity crush.

Question: Who played Kurt Hummel in Glee?

Chromosome 6



". Parent-driven research for genotype-phenotype studies on chromosome 6 disorders. Retrieved 2017-06-17

Question: How large is chromosome 6?

University of Hong Kong

The University of Hong Kong has educated many notable alumni in many varied fields. Among them is Dr Sun Yat-sen, the founder of the Republic of China, who was a graduate of the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, the predecessor of HKU. Over 40 principal officials, permanent secretaries, Executive Council and Legislative Council members of the Hong Kong SAR Government are HKU graduates. HKU graduates also form the senior management teams of many large organisations in the private sector.

Question: When was the University of Hong Kong founded?

YMCA

YMCA after-school programmes are geared towards providing students with a variety of recreational, cultural, leadership, academic, and social skills for development.

Question: How many YMCAs are there across the US?
Unit of time

Sun based: the year was the time for the earth to rotate around the sun. Year-based units include the olympiad (four years), the lustrum (five years), the indiction (15 years), the decade, the century, and the millennium.
Moon based: the month was based on the moon's orbital period around the earth.
Earth based: the time it took for the earth to rotate on its own axis, as observed on a sundial. Units originally derived from this base include the week at seven days, and the fortnight at 14 days. Subdivisions of the day include the hour (1/24th of a day) which was further subdivided into minutes and finally seconds.  The second became the international standard unit (SI units) for science.
Celestial sphere based: as in sidereal time, where the apparent movement of the stars and constellations across the sky is used to calculate the length of a year.

Question: What is the smallest unit of time?

History of mobile phones

Newer technology has been developed and rolled out in a series of waves or generations. The "generation" terminology only became widely used when 3G was launched, but is now used retroactively when referring to the earlier systems.

Question: What year were cellphones invented?

Thomas the Tank Engine

Thomas had his genesis, like Winnie-the-Pooh, in a toy for a small child, both coincidentally named Christopher. A wooden push-along toy from the early 1940s is the original Thomas made by the Reverend Awdry out of a piece of broomstick for his son Christopher. This engine looked rather different from the character in the books and television series and was based on an LNER Class J50 with smaller side tanks and splashers. He was painted blue with yellow lining and carried the letters NW on his side tanks.

Question: When did Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends first air?

Student Federation of the University of Ottawa

A group of students, led by several members of the executive, crashed the opening ceremony of the Advanced Research Complex (ARC) in September 2014. The group stood behind the podium with a banner calling for lower tuition fees, and the VP University Affairs interrupted [Reza Moridi]'s speech to read a statement.[42][43] This protest drew criticism from many students,[44] including several executive members of the Science Student's Association, who wrote a letter to the Fulcrum stating that: "The fact that the 'student representative' felt it necessary to protest rising tuition fees on the opening of (Dr. André Lalonde's) building is offensive to many of us. We feel that it is not only disrespectful to his memory and his legacy as a student-oriented dean, but also because this building should be celebrated for what it is, instead of criticised for what it is not."[45]

Question: When was the Student Federation of the University of Ottawa formed?