copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Christianity by country

Christianity in multiple forms is the state religion of the following 15 nations: Argentina (Catholic Church),[9] Armenia (Armenian Apostolic Church), Tuvalu (Church of Tuvalu), Tonga (Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga), Costa Rica (Catholic Church),[10] Kingdom of Denmark (Danish National Church),[11] England (Church of England),[12] Greece (Eastern Orthodox Church), Georgia (Eastern Orthodox Church),[13][14] Iceland (Church of Iceland),[15] Liechtenstein (Catholic Church),[16] Malta (Catholic Church),[17] Monaco       
(Catholic Church),[18] Vatican City (Catholic Church),[19] and Zambia.[20]

Question: How many Christians are in the world?

History of Angola

The Kingdom of Kongo was divided into six provinces and included some dependent kingdoms, such as Ndongo to the south. Trade was the main activity, based on highly productive agriculture and increasing exploitation of mineral wealth. In 1482, Portuguese caravels commanded by Diogo Cão arrived in the Congo[1] and he explored the extreme north-western coast of what today is Angola in 1484.[2] Other expeditions followed, and close relations were soon established between the two states. The Portuguese brought firearms and many other technological advances, as well as a new religion (Christianity); in return, the King of the Congo offered plenty of slaves, ivory, and minerals.

Question: When did Angola become an independent country?

Supergirl (TV series)

The second season was filmed in Vancouver, rather than Los Angeles where the first season was shot. This was done to reduce the high production costs of the series, one of the issues that made CBS wary to renew the series on their network.[26] Filming for the third season began in Vancouver on July 6, 2017, and ended on April 28, 2018.[53]

Question: When did the TV series Supergirl first air?

Kingdom of Aksum

After a second golden age in the early 6th century[9] the empire began to decline in the mid 6th century,[25] eventually ceasing its production of coins in the early 7th century. Around this same time, the Aksumite population was forced to go farther inland to the highlands for protection, abandoning Aksum as the capital. Arab writers of the time continued to describe Ethiopia (no longer referred to as Aksum) as an extensive and powerful state, though they had lost control of most of the coast and their tributaries. While land was lost in the north, it was gained in the south; and, though Ethiopia was no longer an economic power, it still attracted Arab merchants. The capital was moved to a new location, currently unknown, though it may have been called Ku'bar or Jarmi.[9]

Question: When was the Kingdom of Aksum founded?

Oligonucleotide synthesis

Most often, H-phosphonate building blocks are protected at the 5'-hydroxy group and at the amino group of nucleic bases A, C, and G in the same manner as phosphoramidite building blocks (see below). However, protection at the amino group is not mandatory.[9][20]

Question: Who first identified the process of oligonucleotide synthesis?
Luc Montagnier

Before the 1993 publication of Chang's results, Gallo's lab was accused and initially found guilty of "minor misconduct" by the Office of Scientific Integrity in 1991, and then by the newly created Office of Research Integrity in 1992 for the misappropriation of a sample of HIV produced at the Pasteur Institute.[11] The subsequent publication in 1993 of Chang's investigation cleared Gallo's lab of the charges, although his reputation had already been tainted by the accusations.

Question: Who discovered the HIV virus?

Embalming chemicals

In the United States alone, about 20 million liters (roughly 5.3 million gallons) of embalming fluid are used every year.[1]

Question: What chemicals are in embalming fluid?

Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs

The Bulldogs Army is the core supporter group for the Bulldogs, with the section they sit within known as 'The Kennel'. To be sitting in this section, supporters must become a member of the club itself and register any large flags and/or banners which are brought to the game. At all away games the Bulldogs Army locates themselves in the general admission section. The main aim of the Bulldogs Army is to show support and passion for the Bulldogs.

Question: What sport do the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs play?

Arctic fox

Looking at the most recent phylogeny, the Arctic fox diverged from the domesticated dog (Canis lupus familiaris) at approximately 12 MYA. The Arctic fox and the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) diverged approximately 3.17MYA. Additionally, the Arctic fox diverged from its sister group, the kit fox (Vulpes macrotis), at about 0.9MYA.[30]

Question: What is the color of the Arctic Fox's fur?

Adolf Hitler's rise to power

The German referendum of 1929 was important as it gained the Nazi Party recognition and credibility it never had before.[40]

Question: What day did Hitler take office?

Guanajuato

Concentrated in San Miguel de Allende are foreign residents mostly from the United States and Canada who have come to live because of the area's mild climate, cultural opportunities, and low crime rate.[47][48] While only about ten percent of San Miguel's total population, they have had a large impact on the area economically, accounting for most home buyers.[48][49] Estimates of foreign residents range from 8,000 to 12,000 with about 7,000 of these from the United States alone.[48][50][51][52][53] This makes San Miguel one of the largest American communities in Mexico,[50][51] large enough to warrant its own U.S. consulate to provide services such as notary and passport.[54]

Question: How large is the state of Guanajuato in Mexico?

Development history of Silverstone Circuit

On 1 August 2007 it was announced that a £25m redevelopment of the circuit had been approved, with new grandstands, pit facilities and a development centre planned.[5] However, on 4 July 2008 it was announced that the event will move to Donington Park from 2010.[6]

Question: When was the Silverstone Circuit built?
Oganesson

Oganesson is expected to have an extremely broad polarizability, almost double that of radon.[4] By extrapolating from the other noble gases, it is expected that oganesson has a boiling point between 320 and 380 K.[4] This is very different from the previously estimated values of 263K[79] or 247 K.[80] Even given the large uncertainties of the calculations, it seems highly unlikely that oganesson would be a gas under standard conditions,[4] and as the liquid range of the other gases is very narrow, between 2 and 9 kelvins, this element should be solid at standard conditions. If oganesson forms a gas under standard conditions nevertheless, it would be one of the densest gaseous substances at standard conditions, even if it is monatomic like the other noble gases.

Question: What is the heaviest element in the periodic table?

Steven Wilson

The second full-length album, Up the Downstair (though Wilson considers it the first 'proper' PT album since it was made as such and not simply compiled), was released in 1993 and had a very good reception, praised by Melody Maker as "a psychedelic masterpiece... one of the albums of the year".[31] This was the first album to include ex-Japan member, keyboardist Richard Barbieri and Australian-born bassist Colin Edwin. About the end of the year, Porcupine Tree became a full band for the first time with the inclusion of Chris Maitland on drums.

Question: When was Steven John Wilson born?

Pretty Little Liars (book series)

In the book, their older brother's name is Jason DiLaurentis and their half-sisters are Melissa and Spencer Hastings.

Question: What was the first book in the Pretty Little Liars series?

Fran Drescher

To promote Happily Divorced, Drescher performed the weddings of three gay couples in New York City using the minister's license she received from the Universal Life Church.[17] Drescher hand-picked the three couples, all of whom were entrants into "Fran Drescher's 'Love Is Love' Gay Marriage Contest" on Facebook, based on the stories the couples submitted about how they met, why their relationship illustrated that "love is love" and why they wanted to be married by her.[18]

Question: Where was Fran Drescher born?

State of Palestine

The State of Palestine's founding document is the Palestinian Declaration of Independence,[6] and it should be distinguished from the unrelated PLO Palestinian National Covenant and PNA Palestine Basic Law.

Question: What's the capital of Palestine?

Portland Trail Blazers

Several players left in free agency, including Terry Porter (1995), Buck Williams (1996), and Cliff Robinson (1997),[49] which left Jerome Kersey unprotected in the 1995 expansion draft.[50]

Question: What is the Portland Trail Blazers' mascot?

Cobra (G.I. Joe)

Many of its members (especially those in the elite Crimson Guard units) lead seemingly normal lives, supporting Cobra covertly. Cobra attracted members with the promise of fast financial rewards and power for those willing to be ruthless enough. It also offered a world of order and strength, with its "model community" of Springfield being one example of the Cobra ideal.

Question: Who is G.I. Joe's arch-nemesis?
David Boreanaz

Boreanaz was born on May 16, 1969, in Buffalo, New York, where his father, Dave Roberts (born David Thomas Boreanaz), was working as a weather forecaster and children's show (Rocketship 7) host as Dave Thomas, for ABC affiliate WKBW-TV. His mother, Patti Boreanaz, was a travel agent.[2] He has two older sisters, Bo and Beth. He is of Italian and Slovene descent on his father's side (the surname Boreanaz is of Slovenian origin and was originally spelled "Borjanac" or "Berginc").[3][4][5] His mother is of half Slovak and part Irish, German, French, and Swiss descent.[6][7]

Question: Who plays Booth?

Jon Cryer

Although Cryer gained fame with his early film roles, it took several years to find success on television; none of his star vehicles, including The Famous Teddy Z, Partners, and The Trouble with Normal, lasted more than 22 episodes. In 2003, Cryer was cast as Alan Harper on the CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men, for which he won two Primetime Emmy Awards in 2009 and 2012.[2][3] Cryer received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Television in 2011.

Question: What was Jon Cryer's first film role?

Thomas Cromwell

Cromwell declared to Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer that he had been a "ruffian… in his young days".[5]  As a youth, he left his family in Putney, and crossed the Channel to the continent.  Accounts of his activities in France, Italy and the Low Countries are sketchy and contradictory.  It is alleged[8] that he first became a mercenary, and marched with the French army to Italy, where he fought in the battle of Garigliano on 28 December 1503.  While in Italy, he entered service in the household of the Florentine banker Francesco Frescobaldi.[8]

Question: When was Cromwell executed?
Petar II Petrović-Njegoš

While Njegoš was in Vienna and Russia in 1833, Vukotić took advantage of the vladika's prolonged absence to increase his own power. Njegoš quickly moved to push Vukotić aside, installing his own brother Pero as senate leader and their cousin Đorđije—who had recently returned from Saint Petersburg—as Pero's deputy. Vukotić and Vučićević were exiled to Russia. There, they spread countless rumours about Njegoš in an attempt to tarnish his reputation.[45] While their actions threatened to ruin his image abroad, Njegoš was far more concerned about domestic discontent with his tax policies. He reasoned that his pious and overly superstitious citizens would not protest taxation as fiercely if the Petrovićes boasted a saint who was of the same bloodline. Hence, he arranged for the canonization of the late Petar I on the fourth anniversary of his death, in October 1834. With a saint in his family, Njegoš could now threaten any Montenegrin who challenged his authority with spiritual sanctions. Most Montenegrins were greatly enthusiastic about Petar's canonization, and many flocked to his tomb in Cetinje to celebrate the event. While Njegoš was now in a more stable position than he was two years earlier, he still encountered several challenges to his rule. He was criticized for allegedly misappropriating the funds given to him by the Russians, and a tribal rebellion in Crmnica and Riječka nahiya erupted in response to the demands of tax collectors and chronic food shortages. The revolt was crushed by Njegoš's cousins Đorđije and Stanko, but the allegations of fund misappropriation further tarnished his reputation among the Russians.[46]

Question: What was the first thing did Petar II Petrović-Njegoš published?

Flightless bird

New Caledonian giant scrubfowl, Sylviornis neocaledoniae †
Noble megapode, Megavitornis altirostris †
Viti Levu scrubfowl, Megapodius amissus †

Question: What flightless birds live in New Zealand?

Lyttelton, New Zealand

In August 1849 it was officially proclaimed a port. Pilgrim's Rock shows the place where European settlers first set foot in the harbour. The present location of the rock is well inland from the sea, as much of Lyttelton's dockside has been reclaimed from the harbour waters in recent years.

Question: How many people live in Lyttelton?

Oaxaca

Tourism is important to the state as it is the only sector that is growing and brings substantial income from outside the state, although most tourism is concentrated in the capital and along the coast.[25][66] In 2007, there were 1,927 small grocery stores, 70 tianguis and 167 municipal markets. Tourism accounts for about 30% of the commerce sector of Oaxaca's economy.[67] The state attracts visitors from Mexico and abroad.[25] The state government has been pushing this sector heavily as a means of growing the economy,[25] with major infrastructure projects such as the Oaxaca-Puerto Escondido-Huatulco highway (scheduled to finish in 2018) and the Iberdrola hydroelectric dam.[66]

Question: What states border Oaxaca in Mexico?
Wilt Chamberlain

 In the 1967 NBA Playoffs, the Sixers yet again battled the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Division Finals, and again held home court advantage. In Game 1, the Sixers beat Boston 127–112, powered by Hal Greer's 39 points and Chamberlain's unofficial quadruple double, with 24 points, 32 rebounds, 13 assists and (unofficially counted) 12 blocks.[71] In Game 2, the Sixers won 107–102 in overtime, and player-coach Russell grudgingly praised Chamberlain for intimidating the Celtics into taking low percentage shots from further outside.[71] In Game 3, Chamberlain grabbed 41 rebounds and helped the Sixers win 115–104. The Celtics prevented a sweep by winning Game 4 with a 121–117 victory, but in Game 5, the Sixers simply overpowered the Celtics 140–116, which effectively ended Boston's historic run of eight consecutive NBA titles. The Sixers' center scored 29 points, 36 rebounds and 13 assists and was highly praised by Celtics Russell and K.C. Jones.[71]

Question: How old was Wilton Norman Chamberlain?

List of Stanley Cup champions

The WHL folded in 1926, and its assets were bought by the NHL. This left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Cup. Other leagues and clubs have issued challenges, but from that year forward, no non-NHL team has played for it, leading it to become the de facto championship trophy of the NHL.[27] In 1947, the NHL reached an agreement with trustees P. D. Ross and Cooper Smeaton to grant control of the Cup to the NHL, allowing the league itself to reject challenges from other leagues that may have wished to play for the Cup.[30][31] A 2006 Ontario Superior Court case found that the trustees had gone against Lord Stanley's conditions in the 1947 agreement.[32] The NHL has agreed to allow other teams to play for the Cup should the league not be operating, as was the case in the 2004–05 NHL lockout.[31]

Question: Who was the first Stanley Cup winner?

Freedom Wars

A teaser trailer for the game was released on May 16, 2013, which led to the assumption that the game would be named Panopticon. On May 21, 2013, the game was revealed to actually be named Freedom Wars.[25] Development for the game began in March 2011,[26] two years before it was first announced to the public in 2013. According to Junichi Yoshizawa, development was distributed amongst the various studios involved; Shift was allocated the task of game and character design, in addition to storywriting, whilst Dimps was responsible for programming, graphics and direction.[27] On June 12, 2014, the first playable open beta test of the game was released on the Japanese PlayStation Network.[28]

Question: When was Freedom Wars released?

John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

President Lyndon B. Johnson dug the ceremonial first-shovel of earth at the groundbreaking for the Kennedy Center December 2, 1964.[16] However, debate continued for another year over the Foggy Bottom site, with some advocating for another location on Pennsylvania Avenue.[13] Excavation of the site got underway on December 11, 1965, and the site was cleared by January 1967.[17]

Question: Who designed the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts?
Man in Black (Lost)

Following Ajira 316's crash on the Island, the Man in Black appears as Christian Shephard to Sun and Lapidus, informing them of the time travel undergone by the rest of the Oceanic 6. He then takes the form of the deceased Locke, whose body was on the plane, and tricks everyone into thinking Locke was brought back to life.[8][21] Later, Ben tells the Man in Black, who he thinks is Locke, that he must travel to the monster's lair, which lies beneath the temple wall, to be judged for his complicity in his daughter's death. The Man in Black separates from Ben at the Temple and confronts Ben as the monster. After the Man in Black retreats back into a vent, he reappears to Ben as Alex's manifestation, warning Ben to follow "Locke's" every word, to which he complies.[22] The Man in Black (in the form of John Locke), Ben, and Sun Kwon (Yunjin Kim), arrive at one of the Others' camps. The Man in Black then instructs Richard to find a time-traveling Locke, and tell him he must die to bring his friends back to the island. Later, The Man in Black demands Richard take him and the Others to see Jacob, to which Richard reluctantly complies. The next day, he tells Ben of his plan to kill Jacob. Later, Ben informs the Man in Black of Alex's threat, to which the Man in Black replies by telling Ben to kill Jacob. After arriving at Jacob's residence at the four-toed statue, the two enter and meet Jacob. Ben tells Jacob how he has sacrificed and suffered for the island but still had been ignored by Jacob. Ben then proceeds to stab Jacob, whom the Man in Black kicks into a fire.[8][23]

Question: What was the Smoke Monster in Lost?

Dialectic

As in the Socratic dialectic, Hegel claimed to proceed by making implicit contradictions explicit: each stage of the process is the product of contradictions inherent or implicit in the preceding stage. For Hegel, the whole of history is one tremendous dialectic, major stages of which chart a progression from self-alienation as slavery to self-unification and realization as the rational constitutional state of free and equal citizens. The Hegelian dialectic cannot be mechanically applied for any chosen thesis. Critics argue that the selection of any antithesis, other than the logical negation of the thesis, is subjective. Then, if the logical negation is used as the antithesis, there is no rigorous way to derive a synthesis. In practice, when an antithesis is selected to suit the user's subjective purpose, the resulting "contradictions" are rhetorical, not logical, and the resulting synthesis is not rigorously defensible against a multitude of other possible syntheses. The problem with the Fichtean "thesis–antithesis–synthesis" model is that it implies that contradictions or negations come from outside of things. Hegel's point is that they are inherent in and internal to things. This conception of dialectics derives ultimately from Heraclitus.

Question: What is the first step in the dialectical method?
Kharkiv

The City Council is composed of elected representatives, who approve or reject the initiatives on the budget allocation, tasks priorities and other issues in Kharkiv. The representatives to the City Council are elected every four years.

Question: Where is Kharkov?

Jonathan Swift

In 1690, Sir William Temple, Swift's patron, published An Essay upon Ancient and Modern Learning a defence of classical writing (see Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns), holding up the Epistles of Phalaris as an example. William Wotton responded to Temple with Reflections upon Ancient and Modern Learning (1694), showing that the Epistles were a later forgery. A response by the supporters of the Ancients was then made by Charles Boyle (later the 4th Earl of Orrery and father of Swift's first biographer). A further retort on the Modern side came from Richard Bentley, one of the pre-eminent scholars of the day, in his essay Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris (1699). The final words on the topic belong to Swift in his Battle of the Books (1697, published 1704) in which he makes a humorous defence on behalf of Temple and the cause of the Ancients.

Question: Where was Jonathan Swift born?

List of Mystery Science Theater 3000 episodes

The eleventh season of the series is listed by Netflix as Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Return.

Question: When was the first episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000?

History of Ford Motor Company

In May 1929 the Soviet Union signed an agreement with the Ford Motor Company. Under its terms, the Soviets agreed to purchase $13 million worth of automobiles and parts, while Ford agreed to give technical assistance until 1938 to construct an integrated automobile-manufacturing plant at Nizhny Novgorod. Many American engineers and skilled auto workers moved to the Soviet Union to work on the plant and its production lines, which was named Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ), or Gorki Automotive Plant in 1932. A few American workers stayed on after the plant's completion, and eventually became victims of Stalin's Great Terror, either shot[23] or exiled to Soviet gulags.[24] In 1933, the Soviets completed construction on a production line for the Ford Model-A passenger car, called the GAZ-A, and a light truck, the GAZ-AA. Both these Ford models were immediately adopted for military use. By the late 1930s production at Gorki was 80,000-90,000 "Russian Ford" vehicles per year. With its original Ford-designed vehicles supplemented by imports and domestic copies of imported equipment, the Gorki operations eventually produced a range of automobiles, trucks, and military vehicles.

Question: When was Ford Motor Company established?