copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Monster (manga)

In 2013, it was revealed that Guillermo del Toro and American premium television network HBO were collaborating on a pilot for a live-action TV series based on Monster.[16] Co-executive producer Stephen Thompson (Doctor Who and Sherlock) was writing the pilot, while del Toro was to direct it and be an executive producer alongside Don Murphy and Susan Montford.[17] In 2015, del Toro told Latino-Review that HBO had passed on the project and that they are in the process of pitching to other studios.[18]

Question: When was the first volume of Monster?

Lobotomy

Robert Penn Warren's 1946 novel All the King's Men describes a lobotomy as making "a Comanche brave look like a tyro with a scalping knife," and portrays the surgeon as a repressed man who cannot change others with love, so he instead resorts to "high-grade carpentry work".[162]

Tennessee Williams criticized lobotomy in his play Suddenly, Last Summer (1958) because it was sometimes inflicted on homosexuals—to render them "morally sane".[5] In the play a wealthy matriarch offers the local mental hospital a substantial donation if the hospital will give her niece a lobotomy, which she hopes will stop the niece's shocking revelations about the matriarch's son.[163] Warned that a lobotomy might not stop her niece's "babbling," she responds, "That may be, maybe not, but after the operation who would believe her, Doctor?"[164]

In Ken Kesey's 1962 novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and its 1975 film adaptation, lobotomy is described as "frontal-lobe castration", a form of punishment and control after which "There's nothin' in the face. Just like one of those store dummies." In one patient, "You can see by his eyes how they burned him out over there; his eyes are all smoked up and gray and deserted inside."[162]

In Sylvia Plath's 1963 novel The Bell Jar, the protagonist reacts with horror to the "perpetual marble calm" of a lobotomized young woman.[162]

Elliott Baker's 1964 novel and 1966 film version, A Fine Madness, portrays the dehumanizing lobotomy of a womanizing, quarrelsome poet who, afterwards, is just as aggressive as ever. The surgeon is depicted as an inhumane crackpot.[165]

The 1982 biopic film Frances depicts actress Frances Farmer (the subject of the film) undergoing transorbital lobotomy (though the idea[166] that a lobotomy was performed on Farmer, and that Freeman performed it, has been criticized as having little or no factual foundation).[167]

Question: When was the first lobotomy performed?

1924 Winter Olympics

Finding themselves in the same situation as Gillis Grafström, the Canadian ice-hockey team is the last ever to successfully defend its Summer Olympics title at the Winter Olympics. Canada would dominate ice hockey in early Olympic competition, winning six of the first seven gold medals awarded.

Question: When were the first Winter Olympics?
Rough Riders

As the troops of the various units began slowly creeping up the hill, firing their rifles at the opposition as they climbed, Roosevelt went to the captain of the platoons in back and had a word with him. He stated that it was his opinion that they could not effectively take the hill due to an insufficient ability to effectively return fire, and that the solution was to charge it full-on. The captain reiterated his colonel's orders to hold position. Roosevelt, recognizing the absence of the other Colonel, declared himself the ranking officer and ordered a charge up Kettle Hill. The captain stood hesitant, and Colonel Roosevelt rode off on his horse, Texas, leading his own men uphill while waving his hat in the air and cheering. The Rough Riders followed him with enthusiasm and obedience without hesitation. By then, the other men from the different units on the hill became stirred by this event and began bolting up the hill alongside their countrymen. The 'charge' was actually a series of short rushes by mixed groups of regulars and Rough Riders. Within twenty minutes Kettle Hill was taken, though casualties were heavy. The rest of San Juan Heights was taken within the hour following.

Question: How many served in the Rough Riders?

Mercury (element)

Amalgam (dentistry)
Mercury poisoning
Mercury pollution in the ocean
Methylmercury
Minamata disease
Red mercury
COLEX process (isotopic separation)

Question: What is the origin of the symbol Hg for mercury?

History of Portuguese

Excerpt of medieval
Portuguese poetry[4]Das que vejonon desejooutra senhor se vós non,e desejotan sobejo,mataria um leon,senhor do meu coraçon:fin roseta,bela sobre toda fror,fin roseta,non me metaen tal coita voss'amor!João de Lobeira
(1270?–1330?)

Question: When did the Portuguese language develop?

Emotional intelligence

However, it is important to note that self-reported and Trait EI measures retain a fair amount of predictive validity for job performance after controlling Big Five traits and IQ.[78] Newman, Joseph, and MacCann[79] contend that the greater predictive validity of Trait EI measures is due to their inclusion of content related to achievement motivation, self efficacy, and self-rated performance. Meta-analytic evidence confirms that self-reported emotional intelligence predicting job performance is due to mixed EI and trait EI measures' tapping into self-efficacy and self-rated performance, in addition to the domains of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and IQ. As such, the predictive ability of mixed EI to job performance drops to nil when controlling for these factors.[80]

Question: What does a high emotional IQ mean?
History of Madrid

The military uprising of July 1936 was defeated in Madrid by a combination of loyal police units and workers' militias. After this, from 1936–1939, Madrid was held by forces loyal to the Spanish Republic and was besieged by Spanish Nationalist and allied troops under Francisco Franco. Madrid, besieged from October 1936, saw a pitched battle in its western suburbs in November of that year and eventually fell to the nationalists on 28 March 1939. The Siege of Madrid saw the first mass bombing of civilians from the air by the German Condor Legion.

Question: When did Madrid become capital of Spain?

Lux

1lx= 1lm/m2 = 1cd·sr/m2.

Question: What is the unit of measurement for light brightness?

Ptolemaic dynasty

 — by Jona Lendering.

Question: How long did the Ptolemaic dynasty last?

Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya

At the 2009 motorcycle Grand Prix, teammates Valentino Rossi and Jorge Lorenzo fought all race long for first place, culminating in an overtake on the final corner by Rossi. Riders and pundits described the race as "historic" and "genius".[12]

Question: When was the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya built?

Forestry in India

India must pursue rural development and animal husbandry policies to address local communities need to find affordable cattle fodder and grazing. To avoid destruction of local forest cover, fodder must reach these communities on reliable roads and other infrastructure, in all seasons year round.
The Forest Rights Bill is likely to be harmful to forest conservation and ecological security. The Forest Rights Bill became a law since 2007.
The government should work closely with mining companies. Revenue generated from lease of mines must be pooled into a dedicated fund to conserve and improve the quality of forests in the region where the mines are located.
Power to declare ecologically sensitive areas must be with each Indian state.
The mandate of State Forest Corporations and government owned monopolies must be changed.
Government should reform regulations and laws that ban felling of trees and transit of wood within India. Sustainable agro-forestry and farm forestry must be encouraged through financial and regulatory reforms, particularly on privately owned lands.

Question: How many miles of forest does India have?

Fibromyalgia

Investigational medications include cannabinoids and the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron.[145] Low quality evidence found an improvement in symptoms with a gluten free diet among those without celiac disease.[146] A controlled study of guaifenesin failed to demonstrate any benefits from this treatment.[147][148]

Question: How is Fibromyalgia caused?
Julius Caesar Chappelle

Active in Lodge events, in 1889, Chappelle was on the St. John's Day Picnic "committee of arrangements" along with "Curtis J. Wright, chairman; Charles J. Lewis, G. W. Sharper, C.R. Flagg, J.H. Lotton, and C.S. Rowe, held at the Highland Lake grove by the Rising Sun Lodge 3F and A.M.  Masons from Massachusetts, Rhode island, and Connecticut attended.  There were several speakers including Lewis Hayden who had brought Chappelle into the Republican Party, Hon. Edward Garrison J. Walker, and Andrew R. Lattimore.[50]

Question: On what plantation was Julius Caesar Chappelle a slave?

Speed limits in the United States

As of May 15, 2017, 41 states have maximum speed limits of 70mph or higher. 18 of those states have 75mph speed limits or higher, while 7 states of that same portion have 80mph speed limits.

Question: Which US state has no speed limit?

Klickitat people

In the early 1850s, the Klickitat Tribe raided present-day Jackson County, Oregon from the north and settled the area. Modoc, Shasta, Takelma, Latgawas, and Umpqua Indian tribes had already lived within the present boundaries of that county.

Question: Where is the Klickitat tribe?

Sacagawea dollar

The act authorizing the dollar coin also provided for the Secretary of the Treasury to "adopt a program to promote the use of such coins by commercial enterprises, mass transit authorities, and Federal, State, and local government agencies."[6] The Mint's initial advertising campaign, consisting of an estimated 1,600 television, radio and print advertisements and partnerships with the national retail chain Wal-Mart and the General Mills company, cost approximately $41million.[27] The television ads consisted of the head of George Washington superimposed upon a body, voiced by actor Michael Keaton, discussing the merits of the new dollar coin.[27]

Question: When were the Golden Dollar minted?

Epistemology

By contrast with empiricism and idealism, which centres around the epistemologically privileged status of sense data (empirical) and the primacy of Reason (theoretical) respectively, modern rationalism adds a third 'system of thinking', (as Gaston Bachelard has termed these areas) and holds that all three are of equal importance: The empirical, the theoretical and the abstract. For Bachelard, rationalism makes equal reference to all three systems of thinking.

Question: Who coined the term epistemology?

Angel Oak

Despite the claims that the Angel Oak is the oldest tree east of the Mississippi River, bald cypress trees throughout North and South Carolina are[9] significantly older.  One example in North Carolina is over 1,600 years old.

Question: What is the trunk circumference of the Angel Oak in South Carolina?

Leaning Tower of Pisa

In 1272, construction resumed under Giovanni di Simone, architect of the Camposanto. In an effort to compensate for the tilt, the engineers built upper floors with one side taller than the other. Because of this, the tower is curved.[9] Construction was halted again in 1284 when the Pisans were defeated by the Genoans in the Battle of Meloria.

Question: What is the angle of the Leaning Tower of Pisa?
Collingwood Football Club

Reserves (7): 1919, 1920, 1922, 1925, 1940, 1965, 1976
Under 19s (4): 1960, 1965, 1974, 1986

Question: When was the Collingwood Football Club formed?

Music of Planetarian

Track listingNo.TitleMusicLength1."Hoshi no Sekai (Opening)" (星の世界 World of Stars)Charles Crozat Converse0:592."Hoshi Meguri no Uta (Honky Tonk)" (星めぐりの歌 Song of Circling Stars)Kenji Miyazawa1:473."Hoshi Meguri no Uta (Metronome)" (星めぐりの歌 Song of Circling Stars)Kenji Miyazawa1:594."Ame to Robot" (雨とロボット Rain and Robot)Magome Togoshi1:385."Hoshi Meguri no Uta (Winter's Tale)" (星めぐりの歌 Song of Circling Stars)Kenji Miyazawa2:596."Gentle Jena"Magome Togoshi3:377."Mattaki Hito" (全き人 Perfect Human)Magome Togoshi2:548."Itsukushimi Fukaki" (慈しみ深き Deep Affection)Charles Crozat Converse2:479."Hoshi Meguri no Uta" (星めぐりの歌 Song of Circling Stars)
(Lyrics by Kenji Miyazawa; Performed by Mell)Kenji Miyazawa4:2610."Gentle Jena (Extended Version)"Magome Togoshi6:5311."Human Warrior" (Arrangement by Shinji Orito)Shinji Orito5:1112."Hoshi Meguri no Uta (Short Version)" (星めぐりの歌 Song of Circling Stars)
(Lyrics by Kenji Miyazawa; Performed by Mell)Kenji Miyazawa2:56Total length:38:06

Question: When was Planetarian: The Reverie of a Little Planet first published?

Vatican City

The Vatican Obelisk was originally taken by Caligula from Heliopolis in Egypt to decorate the spina of his circus and is thus its last visible remnant.[20] This area became the site of martyrdom of many Christians after the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64. Ancient tradition holds that it was in this circus that Saint Peter was crucified upside-down.[21]

Question: When was the Vatican established?

Demographics of Thailand

Total fertility rate (TFR) in Thailand by province as of 2010:[39]

Question: How many people live in Thailand?

List of cloud types

Lower-based convective clouds that can produce thunderstorms.[27]

Question: What are the types of clouds?

History of the Venezuelan oil industry

Cabimas still plays an important role in production from the nation's largest oil fields, which are located around and beneath Lake Maracaibo. Other fields are increasing in importance, mainly in eastern Venezuela.[11] About twenty years after the completion of the first oil-producing well Venezuela had become the largest oil exporter in the world and, after the United States, the second largest oil producer. Exports of oil boomed  between 1920 and 1935.[12] By the end of the 1930s, Venezuela had become the third-leading oil producer in the world, behind the United States and the Soviet Union, as well as the leading exporter.[13]

Question: What was the first company to drill for oil in Venezuela?
History of Nickelodeon

In February 2009, Nickelodeon announced that it would rebrand Noggin and The N as Nick Jr. and TeenNick respectively. On February 2, Nickelodeon discontinued the TEENick and Nick Jr. blocks, although the programming featured within the blocks remained.[44] Nickelodeon later announced in May 2009 that Nickelodeon Magazine would cease publication by the end of the year. In July 2009, Nickelodeon unveiled a new logo for the first time in 25 years on the packaging of DVD sets of the network's programs, on Nickelodeon Australia, and at that year's Nickelodeon Animation Festival, intending to create a unified look that can better be conveyed across all of MTV Networks' children's channels.[45]

Question: When did Nickelodeon network start?

Montana Vigilantes

An unknown 19-year-old boy was hanged on February 17, 1864, in Virginia City for shooting an unarmed man in a tavern.[21]
Chris Lowrie, Doc Howard, and Jem Romaine were convicted of the Magruder murders by an Idaho Territorial court in Lewiston and hanged on March 4, 1864, based on the testimony of William Page. Page was not executed.[7]
On March 10, 1864, vigilantes hanged J.A. Slade in Virginia City for serious drunken behavior, breaches of the peace and reckless gun play that endangered the communities' citizens.[23]
James Brady was hanged by vigilantes in Nevada City on June 15, 1864, for shooting another man.[21]
Jem Kelly was apprehended near present day Jackson, Idaho Territory on the Snake River by Montana vigilantes for a series of petty thefts in Alder Gulch. He was hanged on September 5, 1864, along the Snake River in Idaho Territory.[21]
On September 17, 1864, vigilantes hanged John "The Hat" Dolan in Virginia City for stealing $700 from a roommate.[21]
On October 31, 1864, vigilantes captured and hanged J.C. Rawley in Bannack for his alleged spying on behalf of the road agent gang in 1863. This was the last execution performed by the Vigilance Committee of Alder Gulch.[23]

Question: When was the Montana Vigilantes formed?

The Great God Pan

The Great God Pan was highly influential on the circle of writers around H. P. Lovecraft.[8] The structure of Machen's story influenced the structure of Lovecraft's "The Call of Cthulhu" (1928).[47] Pan's depiction of a monstrous half-human hybrid inspired the plot of Lovecraft’s "The Dunwich Horror" (1929), which refers to Machen’s novella by name. According to Lovecraft scholar Robert M. Price, "'The Dunwich Horror' is in every sense an homage to Machen and even a pastiche. There is little in Lovecraft's wonderful story that does not come directly out of Machen's fiction."[46] Pan also inspired Lovecraft to create his character Nodens[2] who appears most prominently in The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath (1943).[48]

Question: What was the original publisher of The Great God Pan?
Guevarism

Guevarism has been criticized from a revolutionary anarchist perspective by Abraham Guillén, one of the leading tacticians of urban guerrilla warfare in Uruguay and Brazil. Guillen claimed that cities are a better ground for the guerrilla than the countryside (Guillen was a veteran of the Spanish Civil War). He criticized Guevarist movements of national liberation (like the Uruguayan Tupamaros, one of the many groups that he helped as a military advisor) for trying to impose a dictatorship instead of self-management.

Question: What did Che Guevara believe in?

History of patent law

The earliest law required that a working model of each invention be submitted with the application.  Patent applications were examined to determine if an inventor was entitled to the grant of a patent. The requirement for a working model was eventually dropped. In 1793,[20] the law was revised so that patents were granted automatically upon submission of the description. A separate Patent Office was created in 1802.[21]

Question: What was the first patented invention?

Kindred (novel)

Therefore, Dana's memories of her enslavement, as Ashraf A. Rushdy explains, become a record of the "unwritten history" of African-Americans, a "recovery of a coherent story explaining Dana's various losses." By living these memories, Dana is enabled to make the connections between slavery and current social situations, including the exploitation of blue-collar workers, police violence, rape, domestic abuse, and segregation.[20]

Question: What was the first publisher of Kindred by Octavia E. Butler?

Daisy Ridley

Daisy Jazz Isobel Ridley (born 10 April 1992) is an English actress. Born in Westminster and brought up in Maida Vale, Ridley trained in drama at the Tring Park School for the Performing Arts. She began acting in minor guest roles on television and in short films, making her film debut in the independent horror film Scrawl (2015). She rose to international prominence for playing the lead role of Rey in the Star Wars sequel trilogy, starring in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015) and Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017). She is also known for her performance of Mary Debenham in Murder on the Orient Express (2017), and as the voice of Cottontail in Peter Rabbit (2018).

Question: What was Daisy Ridley's first movie role?

The Federalist Papers

Adair, Douglass. Fame and the Founding Fathers. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1974. A collection of essays; that used here is "The Disputed Federalist Papers".
Frederick Mosteller and David L. Wallace. Inference and Disputed Authorship: The Federalist. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1964. 
Summarized in . Journal of the American Statistical Association 58:302 (June, 1963), pp.275–309. (Full text via JSTOR.)
Furtwangler, Albert. The Authority of Publius: A Reading of the Federalist Papers. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1984.
Wills, Gary. Explaining America: The Federalist, Garden City, NJ: 1981.

Question: When were the Federalist papers published?
History of iPhone

On March 20, 2009, Telkomsel became the first telecommunications company in Indonesia to offer the iPhone 3G with customizable plans for all Telkomsel customers.[80] In the same month, Maxis and DiGi launched the iPhone 3G in Malaysia.

Question: When was the first iPhone released?

Peace Candle

In 1990, the city released a china plate with the Peace Candle along with a Christmas tree, which was meant to symbolize the first tree in the nation, which was believed to have been erected in Easton in 1816.[85] During the 2000 holiday season, the Easton Holiday Committee produced and sold commemorative plates marking the 50th anniversary of the Peace Candle, which included a painting of the structure by local artist Preston Hindmarch. They were sold for $32 along with ceramic ornaments of the Easton eatery Colonial Pizza, which sold for $22.[59] Over the years, Christmas cards depicting the Peace Candle have continued to be used as a means of raising funds for the structure.[86]

Question: What is the Peace Candle made out of?
List of actors who have played the Doctor

List of actors considered for the part of the Doctor
Doctor Who spoofs
The "Morbius Doctors"

Question: What actor currently plays Doctor Who?

Jean Rollin

In addition to Lahaie, Rollin had actress Martine Delva in mind for the role of Lahaie's character's friend Véronique. Delva was introduced to Rollin and Lionel Wallman by actor Alain Plumey and when offered the role, she accepted the role. Prior to production, which was intended to take place in La Défense district, she was involved in a serious car accident which left her unconscious with a broken leg and she died within one week from her injuries. The role of Véronique then offered to Dominique Journet.[13] Pornographic actress Catherine Greiner and frequent collaborator, Natalie Perrey appeared as patients at the hospital.

Question: When was Jean Michel Rollin Roth Le Gentil born?

History of psychology

In 1889, Binet and his colleague Henri Beaunis (1830–1921) co-founded, at the Sorbonne, the first experimental psychology laboratory in France. Just five years later, in 1894, Beaunis, Binet, and a third colleague, Victor Henri (1872–1940), co-founded the first French journal dedicated to experimental psychology, L'Année Psychologique. In the first years of the 20th century, Binet was requested by the French government to develop a method for the newly founded universal public education system to identify students who would require extra assistance to master the standardized curriculum. In response, with his collaborator Théodore Simon (1873–1961), he developed the Binet-Simon Intelligence Test, first published in 1905 (revised in 1908 and 1911).
Although the test was used to effect in France, it would find its greatest success (and controversy) in the United States, where it was translated into English by Henry H. Goddard (1866–1957), the director of the Training School for the Feebleminded in Vineland, New Jersey, and his assistant, Elizabeth Kite (a translation of the 1905 edition appeared in the Vineland Bulletin in 1908, but much better known was Kite's 1916 translation of the 1908 edition, which appeared in book form). The translated test was used by Goddard to advance his eugenics agenda with respect to those he deemed congenitally feeble-minded, especially immigrants from non-Western European countries. Binet's test was revised by Stanford professor Lewis M. Terman (1877–1956) into the Stanford-Binet IQ test in 1916.
With Binet's death in 1911, the Sorbonne laboratory and L'Année Psychologique fell to Henri Piéron (1881–1964). Piéron's orientation was more physiological that Binet's had been.

Question: How long has psychology been around for?

Colin McRae

In 2004 and 2005 McRae represented Great Britain in the Race of Champions alongside Formula One driver and fellow Scot, David Coulthard. For the 2006 event England and Scotland entered separate teams with McRae and Coulthard re-uniting to represent Scotland.

Question: When was Colin Steele McRae born?