copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Varieties of Arabic

The largest differences between the classical/standard and the colloquial Arabic are the loss of grammatical case; a different and strict word order; the loss of the previous system of grammatical mood, along with the evolution of a new system; the loss of the inflected passive voice, except in a few relic varieties; restriction in the use of the dual number and (for most varieties) the loss of the feminine plural. Many Arabic dialects, Maghrebi Arabic in particular, also have significant vowel shifts and unusual consonant clusters. Unlike other dialect groups, in the Maghrebi Arabic group, first person singular verbs begin with a n- (ن).

Question: How many dialects of Arabic are there?

Goliath

The Books of Samuel, together with the books of Joshua, Judges and Kings, make up a unified history of Israel which biblical scholars call the Deuteronomistic history. The first edition of the history was probably written at the court of Judah's King Josiah (late 7th century BCE) and a revised second edition during the exile (6th century BCE), with further revisions in the post-exilic period.[3][4] Traces of this can be seen in the contradictions and illogicalities of the Goliath story - to take a few examples, David turns from Saul's adult shield-bearer into a child herding sheep for his father, Saul finds it necessary to send for him when as the king's shield-bearer he should already be beside his royal master, and then has to ask who David is, which sits strangely with David's status at his court.[5] The Goliath story is made up of base-narrative with numerous additions made probably after the exile:[6]

Question: In what book of the Bible does the story of David and Goliath happen?

Konstantin Balmont

 According to Yekaterina Andreyeva's Memoirs,[47] Balmont's paternal grand-grandfather Ivan Andreyevich Balamut (Баламут, the Ukrainian surname, translated literally as "trouble-maker") was a landowner in Kherson, Southern Ukraine, who served as a cavalry sergeant in Catherine the Great's Imperial Guard regiment (Andreyeva insisted she had seen the proof of it in an original parchment-written document kept in the family archives).[26][48]

Question: When was Konstantin Dmitriyevich Balmont born?

Red Delicious

'Chelan Red', which has been described as having oxblood red fruit
'Hi Early'
'Houser'
'Mood2433' or 'Starking', which colors about 2weeks before "standard Delicious"1411
'Richared' – brighter red than standard, blush, not stripe 1278
'Ryan'
'Sharp Red'
'Spokane Beauty'
'Wellspur'

Question: When was the red delicious apple introduced?

Wrestling at the Summer Olympics

List of Olympic medalists in Freestyle wrestling
List of Olympic medalists in Greco-Roman wrestling
List of Olympic venues in wrestling
Politics and sports

Question: When was freestyle wrestling introduced as an Olympic sport?

Collapse of the World Trade Center

World Trade Center Health Program

Question: At what time did the first tower of the World Trade Center fall on September 11?
History of spaceflight

Khrushchev pressured Korolyov to quickly produce greater space achievements in competition with the announced Gemini and Apollo plans. Rather than allowing him to develop his plans for a crewed Soyuz spacecraft, he was forced to make modifications to squeeze two or three men into the Vostok capsule, calling the result Voskhod. Only two of these were launched. Voskhod 1 was the first spacecraft with a crew of three, who could not wear space suits because of size and weight constrictions. Alexei Leonov made the first spacewalk when he left the Voskhod 2 on March 8, 1965. He was almost lost in space when he had extreme difficulty fitting his inflated space suit back into the cabin through an airlock, and a landing error forced him and his crewmate to be lost in dangerous woods for hours before being found by the recovery crew.

Question: What was the first unmanned spaceflight?

Jeff Dunham

He began ventriloquism in 1970 at age eight, when his parents gave him a Mortimer Snerd dummy for Christmas, and an accompanying how-to album.[10] The next day he checked out a how-to book on ventriloquism from the library,[1][11] and explained in 2011 that he still had it, remarking that he was "a thief in the third grade". By the fourth grade, Dunham decided he not only wanted to be a professional ventriloquist, but the best one ever.[11] Dunham began practicing for hours in front of a mirror, studying the routines of Edgar Bergen, and the how-to record Jimmy Nelson's Instant Ventriloquism,[1] finding ventriloquism to be a learned skill, similar to juggling, that anyone with a normal speaking voice can acquire.[13] Dunham has explained that, as an only child, he enjoyed being alone, likening his solitude to a "warm blanket" with which he could explore his own thoughts and ideas, which prepared him for the solitude of living alone when he later moved to Los Angeles as a struggling comedian.[11]

Question: When was Jeffrey Dunham born?

Follow Through (project)

Follow Through, like Head Start, was enormous in scope, and designed to remedy the fact that "poor children tend to do poorly in school".[2]:xxxiii Despite the cut in funding, it nevertheless served a substantial number of students. At its height, the program would grow to encompass 20 different sponsored interventions and approximately 352,000 Follow Through and comparison children in 178 projects nationwide.[1]:7[2]:xix, 19

Question: How long did the Follow Through educational program last?
Demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans

Employment and earnings are a measure of labor market success, and depend on educational attainment. Given the lower level of education of the Hispanic or Latino population and the growing need for a college degree for entry-level jobs, Hispanics and Latinos are behind when entering into the labor force. The annual employment rate is defined as the percentage of individuals who worked any period of time during the calendar year.[33] Although Hispanics do not lag behind non-Hispanic blacks when it comes to employment rates, they do lag non-Hispanic whites. There is a major gap between male and female rates in Hispanics due to high fertility rates and female absence from the labor force to give birth. Furthermore, nativity plays a major role in employment rates because U.S. born Hispanics are more accustomed to the U.S. labor market.

Question: What percentage of the U.S. population identifies as Hispanic?

End of communism in Hungary (1989)

In October 1989, the Communist Party convened its last congress and re-established itself as the Hungarian Socialist Party. In a historic session from 16 October to 20 October, the parliament adopted legislation providing for multi-party parliamentary elections and a direct presidential election. The legislation transformed Hungary from a People's Republic into the Republic of Hungary, guaranteed human and civil rights, and created an institutional structure that ensured separation of powers among the judicial, legislative, and executive branches of government. On 23 October 1989 at Kossuth tér, Budapest, the Republic of Hungary was proclaimed.

Question: When did communism end in Hungary?

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office for Windows 1.5 updated the suite with Microsoft Excel 3.0.[92]

Question: When was Microsoft Office introduced?

American football

In the United States, American Football is called "football".[5] The terms "gridiron" or "American football" are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia.[6][7]

Question: How much time is in each quarter of an American football game?

Utah State Senate

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Question: How many state senate seats does Utah have?

Liu Bei

As Liu Pi, a former Yellow Turban rebel, started a revolt in Runan Commandery (汝南郡; around present-day Xi County, Henan), Liu Bei convinced Yuan Shao to "lend" him troops to assist Liu Pi. Liu Bei and Liu Pi then led their forces from Runan Commandery to attack Xuchang while Cao Cao was away at Guandu, but they were defeated and driven back by Cao Ren. Liu Bei then returned to Yuan Shao and urged him to ally with Liu Biao, the Governor of Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan). Yuan Shao then sent him with some troops to Runan Commandery to assist another rebel leader, Gong Du (共都/龔都). Liu Bei and Gong Du defeated and killed Cai Yang (蔡陽), one of Cao Cao's officers who led troops to attack them.

Question: When was Liu Bei born?

NBC Studios (New York City)

30 Rockefeller Plaza
Studio 8H

Question: Where is NBC headquartered?
Organophosphate poisoning

Organophosphate pesticides are one of the top causes of poisoning worldwide, with an annual incidence of poisonings among agricultural workers varying from 3-10% per country.[37]

Question: How many people get organophosphate poisoning each year in the US?

Brigham Young

Since Young's death, a number of works have published collections of his discourses and sayings.

Question: When was president Brigham Young elected?

Republic (Plato)

For over two and a half millennia, scholars have differed on the aptness of the city-soul analogy Socrates uses to find justice in Books II through V.[17] The Republic is a dramatic dialogue, not a treatise. Socrates' definition of justice is never unconditionally stated, only versions of justice within each city are "found" and evaluated in Books II through Book V. Socrates  constantly refers the definition of justice back to the conditions of the city for which it is created. He builds a series of myths, or noble lies, to make the cities appear just, and these conditions moderate life within the communities. The "earth born" myth makes all men believe that they are born from the earth and have predestined natures within their veins. Accordingly, Socrates defines justice as "working at that which he is naturally best suited", and "to do one's own business and not to be a busybody" (433a–433b) and goes on to say that justice sustains and perfects the other three cardinal virtues: Temperance, Wisdom, and Courage, and that justice is the cause and condition of their existence. Socrates does not include justice as a virtue within the city, suggesting that justice does not exist within the human soul either, rather it is the result of a "well ordered" soul. A result of this conception of justice separates people into three types; that of the soldier, that of the producer, and that of a ruler. If a ruler can create just laws, and if the warriors can carry out the orders of the rulers, and if the producers can obey this authority, then a society will be just.

Question: When was The Republic written by Plato?

Panama Canal

Roosevelt changed tactics, based in part on the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty of 1846, and actively supported the separation of Panama from Colombia. Shortly after recognizing Panama, he signed a treaty with the new Panamanian government under terms similar to the Hay–Herrán Treaty.[29]

Question: When did construction on the Panama Canal begin?

Common ostrich

where 



M


{\displaystyle M}

 is body mass, and metabolic rate is measured in kcal per day.

Question: How tall are ostriches?

Socrates

The idea of asceticism being hand in hand with an ethical life or one with piety, ignored by Plato and Aristotle and somewhat dealt with by the Cynics, formed the core of another philosophy in 281BC—Stoicism when Zeno of Citium would discover Socrates's works and then learn from Crates, a Cynic philosopher.[141]

Question: Where was Socrates born?
NASA

In September 2011, NASA announced the start of the Space Launch System program to develop a human-rated heavy lift vehicle. The Space Launch System is intended to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle and other elements towards the Moon, near-Earth asteroids, and one day Mars.[132] The Orion MPCV conducted an unmanned test launch on a Delta IV Heavy rocket in December 2014.[133]

Question: What does NASA stand for?

No. 428 Squadron RCAF

Given the serious nature of the Cold War, everything that flew into the Canadian Northern Air Defence Region had to be detected and identified within two minutes by RCAF or USAF Aircraft Control & Warning Squadron personnel. If an aircraft was unknown at two minutes, fighters were scrambled to intercept, to find out why the aircraft could not be identified, to force it to land, or to shoot it down.  Receiving interception notification from No.3 ADCC at RCAF Stn Edgar, 428 AW(F) fighters, on Alert Status, were airborne within five minutes, when under reduced status 15 minutes, and one hour was permitted. To meet the standard, and when on exercise, squadron aircraft with alert crews were positioned fuelled and armed, 24 hours a day/seven days a week, in special Quick Reaction Alert hangars. [41]

Question: When was the No. 428 Squadron RCAF formed?

Lucasfilm

Discussions relating to the possibility of The Walt Disney Company signing a distribution deal with Lucasfilm officially began in May 2011, after a meeting that George Lucas had with Disney CEO Bob Iger during the inauguration of the Star Tours – The Adventures Continue attraction.[16] Lucas told Iger he was considering retirement and planned to sell the company, as well as the Star Wars franchise.[17] On October 30, 2012, Disney announced a deal to acquire Lucasfilm for $4.05 billion,[18] with approximately half in cash and half in shares of Disney stock.[4] Lucasfilm had previously collaborated with the company's Walt Disney Imagineering division to create theme park attractions centered on Star Wars and Indiana Jones for various Walt Disney Parks and Resorts worldwide.[19]

Question: When did Disney buy Star Wars?

River Swilly

The Swilly traditionally produced approximately 300-400 salmon per year. The heaviest salmon recorded is of 24lbs as well as a sea trout of 12lbs.[4] The river is considered one of the best fishing rivers in the north west of Ireland.

Question: How long is the River Swilly in Ireland?
History of ancient Egypt

Following Alexander's death in Babylon in 323 BC, a succession crisis erupted among his generals. Perdiccas ruled the empire as regent for Alexander's half-brother Arrhidaeus, who became Philip III of Macedon, and Alexander's infant son Alexander IV of Macedon. Perdiccas appointed Ptolemy, one of Alexander's closest companions, to rule Egypt in the name of the joint kings. However, as Alexander's empire disintegrated, Ptolemy soon established himself as ruler in his own right. Ptolemy successfully defended Egypt against an invasion by Perdiccas in 321 BC and consolidated his position in Egypt and the surrounding areas during the Wars of the Diadochi (322–301 BC). In 305 BC, Ptolemy took the title of Pharaoh. As Ptolemy I Soter ("Saviour"), he founded the Ptolemaic dynasty that was to rule Egypt for nearly 300 years.

Question: When did ancient Egypt begin?

Iodine in biology

Natural sources of iodine include many marine organisms, such as kelp and certain seafood products, as well as plants grown on iodine-rich soil.[23][24] Iodized salt is fortified with iodine.[24] According to a Food Fortification Initiative 2016 report, 130 countries have mandatory iodine fortification of salt and an additional 10 have voluntary fortification.

Question: What is the recommended amount of iodine for humans?

Grévy's zebra

The Grévy's zebra lives in semi-arid grasslands where it feeds on grasses, legumes, and browse; it can survive up to five days without water. It differs from the other zebra species in that it does not live in harems and has few long-lasting social bonds. Male territoriality and mother–foal relationships form the basis of the social system of the Grévy's zebra. This zebra is considered to be endangered. Its population has declined from 15,000 to 3,000 since the 1970s. However, as of 2008, the population is stable.

Question: How tall are zebra?

Admiralty

Full operational control of the Royal Navy was finally handed over to the Chief of Naval Staff (CNS) by an order in Council, effective October 1917, under which he became responsible for the issuing of orders affecting all war operations directly to the fleet. It also empowered the CNS to issue orders in their own name, as opposed to them previously being issued by the Permanent Secretary of the Admiralty in the name of the Board. In 1964, the Admiralty—along with the War Office and the Air Ministry—were abolished as separate departments of state, and placed under one single new Ministry of Defence. Within the expanded Ministry of Defence are the new Admiralty Board which has a separate Navy Board responsible for the day-to-day running of the Royal Navy, the Army Board and the Air Force Board, each headed by the Secretary of State for Defence.  This structure remained in place until the department was abolished in 1964; the operational control and this system still remains in place with the Royal Navy today. For the organisational structure of the admiralty department and how it developed through the centuries see the following articles below.

Question: Where are the British Admiralty's headquarters?
Leclerc tank

Leclerc AZUR Action en Zone Urbaine: proposed urban warfare kit for actions in urban areas.

Question: What is the current French tank?

Cruise ship

Luxury cruise lines such as Regent Seven Seas Cruises and Crystal Cruises market their fares as "all-inclusive".[41] For example, base fare on Regent Seven Seas ships includes most alcoholic beverages onboard ship and most shore excursions in ports of call, as well as all gratuities that would normally be paid to hotel staff on the ship.[42] The fare may also include a one-night hotel stay before boarding, and airfare to and from the cruise's origin and destination ports.[42]

Question: What was the first modern cruise ship?

Scorched earth

The Indonesian military and pro-Indonesia militias also used this method in their Timor-Leste Scorched Earth campaign around the time of East Timor's referendum for independence in 1999.

Question: What is scorched earth strategy?

Sagarmatha Zone

It includes mountain districts of the Himalayas (including Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Koshi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west.

Question: What does Sagarmatha mean?

List of best-selling video games

KeyGame was shipped with a console during its lifetimeSales figure includes paid mobile downloads

Question: How well did The Last of Us sale?

Navajo County, Arizona

There were 30,043 households out of which 40.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.50% were married couples living together, 16.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.20% were non-families. 19.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 3.17 and the average family size was 3.68.

Question: How large is Navajo County, Arizona?

Daydream Software

Their next project was Ski-Doo: X-Team Racing, a snowmobile racing game. The title was released by Simon & Schuster Interactive in 2001 for PC computers. The game received little media attention.

Question: When was Daydream Software founded?

List of football clubs in England by competitive honours won

Numbers in bold are record totals for that category. Clubs in italics are Double winners: they have won two or more of these trophies in the same season (excluding super cups). Trophies that were shared between two clubs are counted as honours for both teams. Clubs tied in total honours are listed chronologically by most recent honour won. See the other tables for breakdowns of each competition won.

Question: What is the most decorated football club in England?

Reformed Episcopal Church

The REC is a founding member of the Anglican Church in North America (ACNA), and its four U.S. dioceses are member dioceses of ACNA. REC and ACNA are not members of the Anglican Communion.   REC is in communion with the Free Church of England, the Church of Nigeria, and the Anglican Province of America.

Question: How many members does the Reformed Episcopal Church have?
Giraffe

G. attica, also extinct, was formerly considered part of Giraffa but was reclassified as Bohlinia attica in 1929.

Question: What's the current population of giraffes in the wild?

Department of Public Works (Queensland)

Thirteen years after the Queensland Government announces construction of the Queensland Cultural Centre in Brisbane, the final building is completed, the Queensland State Library.[4] The completion of the Queensland Cultural Centre was a major achievement for the department, creating a significant cultural facility for the state.[14]

Question: What is the largest project completed by the Queensland Department of Public Works?

British Virgin Islands

The territory operates as a parliamentary democracy.  Ultimate executive authority in British Virgin Islands is vested in the Queen, and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor of the British Virgin Islands.  The governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British government. Defence and most foreign affairs remain the responsibility of the United Kingdom.

Question: Where are the British Virgin Islands?

Small intestine

Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions:

Question: How long is the human small intestine?

Xbox

The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe. It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market. As part of the sixth-generation of gaming, the Xbox competed with Sony's PlayStation 2, Sega's Dreamcast (which stopped American sales before the Xbox went on sale), and Nintendo's GameCube. The Xbox was the first console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996. The name Xbox was derived from a contraction of DirectX Box, a reference to Microsoft's graphics API, DirectX.[5][6]

Question: When was the Xbox first introduced?

British Virgin Islands

 from UCB Libraries GovPubs
 at Curlie
 from The Moorings

Question: How big are the British Virgin Islands?

Secretin

It has been suggested that abnormalities in such secretin release could explain the abnormalities underlying type D syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH).[7] In these individuals, vasopressin release and response are normal, although abnormal renal expression, translocation of aquaporin 2, or both are found.[7] It has been suggested that "Secretin as a neurosecretory hormone from the posterior pituitary, therefore, could be the long-sought vasopressin independent mechanism to solve the riddle that has puzzled clinicians and physiologists for decades."[7]

Question: What was the first hormone discovered?