copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. Metallurgy is used to separate metals from their ore. Metallurgy is also the technology of metals: the way in which science is applied to the production of metals, and the engineering of metal components for usage in products for consumers and manufacturers. The production of metals involves the processing of ores to extract the metal they contain, and the mixture of metals, sometimes with other elements, to produce alloys. Metallurgy is distinguished from the craft of metalworking, although metalworking relies on metallurgy, as medicine relies on medical science, for technical advancement. The science of metallurgy is subdivided into chemical metallurgy and physical metallurgy.

Question: Who started metallurgy?

List of United States military bases

Ansbach
NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen, Geilenkirchen
Ramstein Air Base
Spangdahlem Air Base

Question: What is the largest US military base outside the continental United States?

Game Boy

The right-side of the device offers a port which allows a user to connect to another Game Boy system via a link cable, provided both users are playing the same game.[22] The port can also be used to connect a Game Boy Printer. The link cable was originally designed for players to play head-to-head two-player games such as in Tetris. However, game developer Satoshi Tajiri would later use the link cable technology as a method of communication and networking in the popular Pokémon video game series.[23]

Question: When did the Game Boy come out?

Shiraz

In 1504, Shiraz was captured by the forces of Ismail I, the founder of the Safavid dynasty. Throughout the Safavid empire (1501–1722) Shiraz remained a provincial capital and Emam Qoli Khan, the governor of Fars under Shah Abbas I, constructed many palaces and ornate buildings in the same style as those built during the same period in Isfahan, the capital of the Empire.[15] After the fall of the Safavids, Shiraz suffered a period of decline, worsened by the raids of the Afghans and the rebellion of its governor against Nader Shah; the latter sent troops to suppress the revolt. The city was besieged for many months and eventually sacked. At the time of Nader Shah's murder in 1747, most of the historical buildings of the city were damaged or ruined, and its population fell to 50,000, one-quarter of that during the 16th century.[15]

Question: What is the population of Shiraz?

1996 United States presidential election

Harry Browne– writer and investment analyst from Tennessee
Rick Tompkins– former candidate for Senator from Arizona
Irwin Schiff– writer and prominent figure in the tax protestor movement from Nevada
Douglas J. Ohmen– political activist from California
Jeffrey Diket– political activist from Louisiana

Question: Who ran against Bill Clinton in 1996?
2000 Summer Olympics medal table

The 2000 Summer Olympics medal table is a list of National Olympic Committees ranked by the number of medals won during the 2000 Summer Olympics, held in Sydney, Australia, from 15 September to 1 October 2000. A total of 10,651athletes from 199nations (with four individual athletes from East Timor) competed in 300 events in 28 sports.[1]

Question: How many medals did the USA win during the 2000 Olympics?

Habsburg Monarchy

The head of the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg was often elected Holy Roman Emperor: from 1452 until the Empire's dissolution in 1806, Charles VII of Bavaria (1742–1745) was the only Holy Roman Emperor who was not Habsburg ruler of Austria.[6][7] The two entities were never coterminous, as the Habsburg Monarchy covered many lands beyond the Holy Roman Empire, and most of the Empire was ruled by other dynasties.

Question: When did the Hapsburg monarchy end?

Tokyo Imperial Palace

Seiden State Function Hall
Hōmeiden State Banquet Hall
Chōwaden Reception Hall
Rensui Dining Room
Chigusa Chidori Drawing Room and
The Emperor's work office

Question: How large is the Fukiage Garden of the Tokyo Imperial Palace grounds?

List of heaviest land mammals



, a site covering the rise of the mammals, paleocene-mammals.de
, a brief introduction to early mammals, enchantedlearning.com

Question: What is the biggest land mammal?

Bombyx mori







 1943 article with first photographic study of subject

Question: When do silk worms form cocoons?

History of Irish Americans in Boston


The Port of Boston was a major center of immigration during the Great Irish Famine (1845–1852). By 1850, the Irish were the largest ethnic group in Boston. Most of the immigrants during this period were poor, unskilled laborers from rural backgrounds who settled in the slums of the North End, the South Cove, and Fort Hill. Many were not only destitute but weakened by typhus contracted on the coffin ships that had brought them. To contain the health risk, a quarantine hospital and almshouse were built on Deer Island, where hundreds of immigrants died and were buried in unmarked graves.[10] To make matters worse, a cholera epidemic swept through Boston in 1849. The North End poor, living in crowded, unsanitary conditions on the waterfront, were the hardest hit; over 500 Irish were killed.[11] Boston health inspectors described a typical Irish slum as "a perfect hive of human beings, without comforts and mostly without common necessaries; in many cases huddled together like brutes, without regard to age or sex or sense of decency."[12]

Question: When did the first Irish immigrants arrive in the U.S.?

International Hydrographic Organization

4) Training of hydrographers and nautical cartographers.

Question: Where are the headquarters of the International Hydrographic Organization?
Rhodesian Ridgeback

The only disqualification in the AKC standard for this breed is "ridgelessness". This term refers to the purebred offspring of heterozygous parental animals that do not inherit a copy of the ridge mutation from either parent and are, in effect, normal dogs without a ridged back. The most current research suggests that the ridge mutation is autosomal dominant with complete penetrance. However, while the few studies that have analyzed the issue do not agree on the incidence of ridgelessness within the breed, they all show a ridgeless rate significantly lower than 25%, which cannot be explained using the Punnett square model for single gene/two allele inheritance.

Question: When were Ridgeback's first bred?

Bloom County

Shortly after Bloom County ended, Breathed started a Sunday-only strip called Outland with original characters and situations introduced in Bloom County's final days. However, Opus, Bill and other characters eventually reappeared and slowly took over the strip. Outland ran from September 3, 1989, to March 26, 1995. Another Sunday-only spinoff strip called Opus ran from November 23, 2003, to November 2, 2008.

Question: When was Bloom County first published?

Brigade combat team

Headquarters and headquarters company
Military intelligence company
Signal network support company
Combat engineer company (×2)

Question: How many brigades are in the U.S. Army?

Triumph of the Will

Riefenstahl was initially reluctant, not because of any moral qualms, but because she wanted to continue making feature films.  Hitler persisted and Riefenstahl eventually agreed to make a film at the 1933 Nuremberg Rally called Der Sieg des Glaubens (Victory of Faith). However the film had numerous technical problems, including a lack of preparation (Riefenstahl reported having just a few days) and Hitler's apparent unease at being filmed. To make matters worse, Riefenstahl had to deal with infighting by party officials, in particular Joseph Goebbels who tried to have the film released by the Propaganda Ministry. Though Der Sieg des Glaubens apparently did well at the box office, it later became a serious embarrassment to the Nazis after SA Leader Ernst Röhm, who had a prominent role in the film, was executed during the Night of the Long Knives. All references to Röhm were ordered to be erased from German history, which included the destruction of all copies of Der Sieg des Glaubens. It was considered lost until a copy turned up in the 1990s in the United Kingdom.

Question: How many people saw the Nazi propaganda film Triumph of the Will when it was released in 1935?

Francisco and Jacinta Marto

Sister Lúcia, when questioned about the Third Secret, said that the three of them had been very sad about the suffering of the Pope, and that Jacinta kept saying: Coitadinho do Santo Padre, tenho muita pena dos pecadores! ("Poor Holy Father, I feel a lot of pity for the sinners!")

Question: How old was Francisco when he died?
Peyton Place (TV series)

Hannah Cord (Ruth Warrick), Martin's housekeper/assistant, wants to make Ann leave town as well. Only Betty is unafraid to challenge Martin. He admires that quality in her and hires her as his second assistant. Hannah, meanwhile, carries a dark secret about son Steven's past. Steven remains suspicious of Betty's feelings for Rodney despite the fact Rodney and Betty were annulled long before he met Betty. After it is established that Steven has spent much of his life living in the Peyton Manor with his "mother", Hannah, and the Peyton-Harringtons, Betty and the Harringtons expect that Martin will reveal he's  Steven's father. Steven tells Betty he himself doen’t know; he's always been waiting for someone to tell him. Even though Hannah and Martin obviously know of Steven's expectation to be told of his apparent Peyton and Cord lineage, they allowed him to believe the falsehood. 

Question: How many episodes did Payton Place have?

Victor Serge

Serge was arrested and imprisoned again in March 1933. This time he was not released quickly. The arrest occurred while Serge was in the street trying to buy medicine for his wife. He was held and interrogated at the Lubyanka prison, where he spent 85 days in solitary confinement. The GPU claimed to have obtained a confession from his sister-in-law and former secretary, Anita Russakova, that she and Serge had been involved in a conspiracy led by Trotsky. Serge knew from his contacts in the Communist Party that if he signed the confession he would be executed. The GPU's claim was later proven to be entirely false (though Anita Russakova herself was arrested in 1936). Eventually, the GPU dropped this part of the case, stating that the "evidence from Anita" was not necessary, though Serge never knew that she had not made any confession. Serge never signed a confession of his own, though he did eventually sign a statement agreeing to his sentence of three years in Administrative Exile in Orenburg on the Ural River.

Question: Where was Victor Serge born?

States and union territories of India

Bombay State was split into the linguistic states of Gujarat and Maharashtra on 1 May 1960 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act.[16] Nagaland was formed on 1 December 1963.[17] The Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966 resulted in the creation of Haryana on 1 November and the transfer of the northern districts of Punjab to Himachal Pradesh.[18] The act also designated Chandigarh as a union territory and the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana.[19][20]

Question: How many states is India divided into?

Persian Jews

Iran–Israel relations
History of the Jews in Iran
Islam and Judaism
Judæo-Iranian languages
Judæo-Persian languages
Judeo-Persian dialects
List of Asian Jews
Mountain Jews
Persian people
Purim
Religious minorities in Iran
Allahdad incident
Shiraz blood libel
Tehran Jewish Committee
Dr. Sapir Hospital and Charity Center
List of Chief Rabbis of Iran
List of Synagogues in Tehran
List of Synagogues in Iran
Jews of Iran
30 Years After
Madare sefr darajeh
International Holocaust Cartoon Competition

Question: What percentage of the Iranian population is Jewish?
List of Omamori Himari characters

Hisuzu Kagamimori(各務森 飛鈴,Kagamimori Hisuzu)
Kasuri's younger sister. She is sometimes hot-blooded and arrogant, often requiring Kasuri to calm her down. Like most of the Demon Slayer families, she looks down to the Kuesu and her family. She specializes in advanced martial arts, and (according to Hitsugi) has killed fifteen ayakashi with her skills alone.[ch.52] She seems to have yuri-esque feelings for her older sister.

Question: Who is the most popular character in Omamori Himari?

Whyte notation

In Britain, small diesel and petrol locomotives are usually classified in the same way as steam locomotives, e.g. 0-4-0, 0-6-0, 0-8-0. This may be followed by D for diesel or P for petrol, and another letter describing the transmission: E for electric, H hydraulic, M mechanical. Thus, 0-6-0DE denotes a six-wheel diesel locomotive with electric transmission. Where the axles are coupled by chains or shafts (rather than side rods) or are individually driven, the terms 4w, 6w or 8w are generally used. Thus, 4wPE indicates a four-wheel petrol locomotive with electric transmission. For large diesel locomotives the UIC classification is used.

Question: When was the Whyte notation introduced?

Advanced maternal age

The German Federal Institute for Population Research claimed in 2015 the percentage for women with an age of at least 35 giving birth to a child was 25.9%. This figure rose from 7.6% in 1981.[11]

Question: What is the average age that people have their first child in the UK?

United States Navy

The navy was a major participant in the Vietnam War, blockaded Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, and, through the use of ballistic missile submarines, became an important aspect of the United States' nuclear strategic deterrence policy. The U.S. Navy conducted various combat operations in the Persian Gulf against Iran in 1987 and 1988, most notably Operation Praying Mantis. The Navy was extensively involved in Operation Urgent Fury, Operation Desert Shield, Operation Desert Storm, Operation Deliberate Force, Operation Allied Force, Operation Desert Fox and Operation Southern Watch.

Question: How large is the US navy?

History of Nintendo

On January 26, 2006, Nintendo announced a new version of their Nintendo DS handheld, the Nintendo DS Lite, designed to be smaller and lighter, with a brighter screen. It was launched in Japan on March 2, 2006, and three months later in North America and Europe on June 11 and June 23, 2006, respectively.

Question: What was the first Nintendo video game?
Electrical telegraph

Hans Christian Ørsted discovered in 1820 that an electric current produces a magnetic field which will deflect a compass needle. In the same year Johann Schweigger invented the galvanometer, with a coil of wire around a compass, which could be used as a sensitive indicator for an electric current. In 1821, André-Marie Ampère suggested that telegraphy could be done by a system of galvanometers, with one wire per galvanometer to indicate each letter, and said he had experimented successfully with such a system. 
In 1824, Peter Barlow said that such a system only worked to a distance of about 200 feet (61m), and so was impractical.[4]

Question: Who invented the telegraph machine?

Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)

Shechem was the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel.[14]  Afterwards it was Tirzah.[15]  King Omri built his capital in Samaria (1 Kings 16:24), which continued as such until the destruction of the Kingdom by the Assyrians (). During the three-year siege of Samaria by the Assyrians, Shalmaneser V died and was succeeded by Sargon II of Assyria, who himself records the capture of that city thus: "Samaria I looked at, I captured; 27,280 men who dwelt in it I carried away"  into Assyria. Thus, around 720 BCE, after two centuries, the kingdom of the ten tribes came to an end.

Question: What Houses comprise the Northern Kingdom?

Seven Ages of Rock

The broadcast of the VH1 episode is very differently structured and features several different songs, interviews, and artists, as well as the main focus, Jimi Hendrix, being completely removed and the new focus being the Rolling Stones. This is not an issue with other episodes which are only mildly different.

Question: Who produced Seven Ages of Rock?

Porsche 919 Hybrid

The V4 engine is retained for the Evo, putting out 720PS (530kW; 710hp) without fuel flow restrictions. As the amount of recovered energy that could be used was increased from 6.37 megajoule for Spa to 8.49 megajoule, the output of the electric motors was increased from 400 PS to 440PS (324kW; 434hp). The car's weight was reduced by 39 kg, now weighing in at 849kg (1,872lb) dry and 888kg (1,958lb) with driver ballast. Extensive aerodynamic upgrades were also added to the 919 Evo, resulting in a 53% increase in downforce and 66% increase in aerodynamic efficiency compared to 2017 WEC Spa qualifying spec.[14][16][15]

Question: How fast is the Porsche 919 Hybrid?

Blue hole

Blue holes are typically found on shallow carbonate platforms, exemplified by the Bahama Banks, as well as on and around the Yucatán Peninsula, such as at the Great Blue Hole at Lighthouse Reef Atoll, Belize.

Question: Where is the Blue Hole located?
History of the automobile

Steam-powered road vehicles, both cars and wagons, reached the peak of their development in the early 1930s with fast-steaming lightweight boilers and efficient engine designs. Internal combustion engines also developed greatly during WWI, becoming simpler to operate and more reliable. The development of the high-speed diesel engine from 1930 began to replace them for wagons, accelerated in the UK by tax changes making steam wagons uneconomic overnight. Although a few designers continued to advocate steam power, no significant developments in production steam cars took place after Doble in 1931.

Question: What kind of gas did the first car use?

Spider-Man (theme song)

In The Amazing Spider-Man 2, Peter has the theme song in his phone as a ringtone and whistles the tune while defeating Aleksei Sytsevich.

Question: When did the Ramones record the song Spider-Man?

Portuguese Mozambique

Herrick, Allison and others (1969). "Area Handbook for Mozambique", US Government Printing Office.

Question: When did Portugal occupy Mozambique?

Brad Bird

The Spirit, an animated feature Bird developed with Jerry Rees and producer Gary Kurtz, based on Will Eisner's acclaimed comic strip. The studios they pitched it to liked the script, but were unwilling to take the gamble on an animated feature for the adult audience.[27][28]
Ray Gunn, a project that he was working on at Turner Feature Animation before he got pulled for The Iron Giant and TFA merging with Warner Feature Animation. A script has been made with Matthew Robbins but was never animated. Even though lost, Bird has expressed interest in resurrecting the project.[29]
The Incredible Mr. Limpet, a project that is still in development hell. Bird was attached to direct at one point but was replaced by Mike Judge and many others.
Curious George, wrote a draft of the film at one point, but his script was not used in the produced version.[30]
The Simpsons Movie, the crew from The Simpsons including Matt Groening and James L. Brooks were hoping to get Bird to direct, but was too busy with Ratatouille at the time. David Silverman, who was also working at Pixar at the time and quit his job after finishing work on Monsters, Inc., became the film's director.[31]
1906, a collaborative project from Warner Brothers and Pixar (which could have been their first live-action project), in association with Walt Disney Pictures, where Bird would have directed. Pixar and Disney left the project in 2012 in development limbo at Warner Bros. due to delays in the film's several planned releases, several rejected scripts were not picked up, and going over budget ($200 million).[32][33][34][35] However as of June2018, Bird has expressed interest as to adapt the book as a TV series and a movie.[36]
Star Wars: The Force Awakens, Bird was on a shortlist of directors to direct the seventh Star Wars film. He passed on the project in favor of Tomorrowland; The Force Awakens was directed by J. J. Abrams[37]

Question: Who wrote the screenplay for The Incredibles?
Raphael

 Reynolds was less enthusiastic about Raphael's panel paintings, but the slight sentimentality of these made them enormously popular in the 19th century: "We have been familiar with them from childhood onwards, through a far greater mass of reproductions than any other artist in the world has ever had..." wrote Wölfflin, who was born in 1862, of Raphael's Madonnas.[86]

Question: What years did Raphael live?

Tyler Perry

The Writers Guild of America, West has filed unfair labor practice charges with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), alleging that Perry's production company, Tyler Perry Studios, unlawfully fired four writers in October 2008 in retaliation for them trying to get a union contract.[61] The dispute was settled a month later, when Tyler Perry Studios agreed to be a WGA signatory.[62]

Question: When was Tyler Perry born?

Big Brother (Australian TV series)

The series received some criticism from commentators and audiences for its sexual content. The series was occasionally referred to as "Big Brothel" in the press, in reference to the sexual content of the Uncut episode.[14] Criticism was also voiced in the Australian Government, with one politician referring to it as "toxic television".[15] Complaints about Uncut led to it being rebranded Big Brother: Adults Only for the 2006 season. Adults Only was cancelled early in the season due to continuing controversy.[16]

Question: When did the first episode of Big Brother Australia air?

Helicopter

This can lead to a loss of control and a crash or hard landing when operating at low altitudes, due to the sudden unexpected loss of lift, and insufficient time and distance available to recover.

Question: What types of helicopters are there?

Robot

Robots can be classified by their specificity of purpose.  A robot might be designed to perform one particular task extremely well, or a range of tasks less well. All robots by their nature can be re-programmed to behave differently, but some are limited by their physical form. For example, a factory robot arm can perform jobs such as cutting, welding, gluing, or acting as a fairground ride, while a pick-and-place robot can only populate printed circuit boards.

Question: Who invented the first robot?

Heroes & Icons

Much like its sister network, MeTV, Heroes & Icons' program schedule relies primarily on television series from the programming libraries of CBS Television Distribution, NBCUniversal Television Distribution and 20th Television, and also includes some feature film content.  H&I targets a more niche audience than MeTV, carrying programming aimed at a generally male audience – featuring a mix of action series, police procedurals, westerns, science fiction, fantasy and military-themed programs (including several series that have previously aired on MeTV).[2] With the Labor Day 2018 launch of the CBS/Weigel joint venture Start TV (a network focusing on procedural series lead by women), Heroes & Icons and Start TV effectively form a 'flank' strategy of programming around the more general-audience MeTV.

Question: Who owns the Heroes & Icons network?
Tigray Region

Tigray is home to Ethiopia's most extensive church libraries that are found in the eastern and central zones of the region. There are several ongoing digitization projects to preserve previous historical texts.

Question: Where is the Tigray Region?

Mars surface color

Martian dust is reddish mostly due to the spectral properties of nanophase ferric oxides (npOx) that tend to dominate in the visible spectrum. The specific npOx minerals have not been fully constrained, but nanocrystalline red hematite (α-Fe2O3) may be the volumetrically dominant one,[6] at least at the less than 100µm sampling depth[7] of infrared remote sensors such as the Mars Express OMEGA instrument. The rest of the iron in the dust, perhaps as much as 50% of the mass, may be in titanium enriched magnetite (Fe3O4).[8] Magnetite is usually black in colour with a black streak,[9] and does not contribute to the reddish hue of dust.

Question: How does Mars get its red color?