copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Oganesson

In late 1998, Polish physicist Robert Smolańczuk published calculations on the fusion of atomic nuclei towards the synthesis of superheavy atoms, including oganesson.[23] His calculations suggested that it might be possible to make oganesson by fusing lead with krypton under carefully controlled conditions, and that the fusion probability (cross-section) of that reaction would be close to the lead–chromium reaction that had produced element 106, seaborgium. This contradicted predictions that the cross-sections for reactions with lead or bismuth targets would go down exponentially as the atomic number of the resulting elements increased.[23]

Question: Which element has the highest atomic number?

List of colleges and universities in Massachusetts

The University of Massachusetts Amherst is the state's sole public land-grant university, and is the flagship institution of the University of Massachusetts system.[13] There are also eleven Catholic post-secondary institutions, including Boston College, College of the Holy Cross, and Stonehill College. There are also two Judaic post-secondary institutions in Massachusetts, including Brandeis University and Hebrew College. The state has four medical schools, including Boston University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and the University of Massachusetts Medical School. There are nine law schools, which are accredited by the American Bar Association, including Boston College Law School, Harvard Law School and the University of Massachusetts School of Law.[14] One hundred and seven of Massachusetts post-secondary institutions are officially recognized by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC), while most are accredited by multiple higher education accreditation agencies.

Question: How many colleges are in Massachusetts?

I Love Lucy

Sixty-four-year-old William Frawley, a seasoned vaudevillian and movie character actor with nearly 100 film credits to his name, was a long shot to play Fred Mertz and only came into consideration after he telephoned Ball personally to ask if there was a role for him on her new show. Ball, who had only briefly known Frawley from her days at RKO, suggested him to both Arnaz and CBS. The network objected to the idea of casting Frawley, fearing that his excessive drinking—which was well known in Hollywood—would interfere with a commitment to a live show. Arnaz nonetheless liked Frawley and lobbied hard for him to have the role, even to the point of having Lucy scribes re-tailor the role of Fred Mertz to be a less financially successful and more curmudgeonly (in contrast to Gale Gordon's Mr. Atterbury) character to fit Frawley's persona. CBS relented only after Arnaz contractually bound Frawley to complete sobriety during the production of the show, and reportedly told the veteran actor that if he ever appeared on-set more than once in an intoxicated state he would be fired. Not once during Lucy's nine seasons did Frawley's drinking ever interfere with his performance, and over time Arnaz became one of Frawley's few close friends.

Question: How long did I Love Lucy run?
Trench warfare

The British High Command were less enthusiastic about machine guns, supposedly considering the weapon too "unsporting" and encouraging defensive fighting; and they lagged behind the Germans in adopting it. Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig is quoted as saying in 1915, "The machine gun is a much overrated weapon; two per battalion is more than sufficient".[45] The defensive firepower of the machine gun was exemplified during the first day of the Battle of the Somme when 60,000 British soldiers were rendered casualties, "the great majority lost under withering machine gun fire".[46] In 1915 the Machine Gun Corps was formed to train and provide sufficient heavy machine gun teams.

Question: When did trench warfare first start?

Monk (TV series)

A "behind the scenes" audio podcast entitled "Lunch at Monk" is available for download through the USA website.[38] In the podcast, cast and crew members of the show are interviewed over lunch.

Question: What station did Monk air on?

Zhou Enlai

In July 1939, while in Yan'an to attend a series of Politburo meetings, Zhou had an accident horseback riding in which he fell and fractured his right elbow.  Because there was little medical care available in Yan'an, Zhou traveled to Moscow for medical treatment, using the occasion to brief the Comintern on the status of the united front. Zhou arrived in Moscow too late to mend the fracture, and his right arm remained bent for the rest of his life. Joseph Stalin was so displeased with the CCP's refusal to work more closely with the Nationalists that he refused to see Zhou during his stay.[134] Zhou's adopted daughter, Sun Weishi, accompanied Zhou to Moscow. She remained in Moscow after Zhou left in order to study for a career in theatre.[126]

Question: How old was Zhou Enlai when he died?

Cho Nam-chul

He is known as the founder of Korean modern Go. Namchul is also the uncle of the top Japanese Go title holder Cho Chikun.

Question: Where was Cho Namchul born?

Bishop in the Catholic Church

A "diocesan bishop"[14] is entrusted with the care of a local Church (diocese).[15]  He is responsible for teaching, governing, and sanctifying the faithful of his diocese, sharing these duties with the priests and deacons who serve under him.[16]

Question: What is the role of a bishop?

Riddler

In Detective Comics #797-799, the Riddler seeks shelter from Poison Ivy only to be humiliated. Riddler and Poison Ivy then face off in a physical duel, which Ivy wins easily.

Question: When was The Riddler character introduced by DC Comics?

Jack Thompson (activist)

On January 7, 2002, Thompson sent the Supreme Court of Florida a letter regarding The Florida Bar's actions. The letter was filed with the court on January 10, 2002 and was treated as a petition for a writ of mandamus against The Florida Bar.[138] Before any action was taken on the petition, Thompson sent the court another letter on January 28, 2002 voluntarily dismissing the case. The letter was filed with the court on January 30, 2002, and the Florida Supreme Court issued an order of dismissal on February 28, 2002.[139]

Question: When was John Bruce Thompson disbarred as an attorney?
Visual novel

Following Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake, Kojima produced his next graphic adventure, Policenauts (1994), a point-and-click adventure notable for being an early example of extensive voice recording in video games.[32] It also featured a hard science fiction setting, a theme revolving around space exploration, a plot inspired by the ancient Japanese tale of Urashima Taro, and some occasional full-motion video cut scenes. The gameplay was largely similar to Snatcher, but with the addition of a point-and-click interface and some first-person shooter segments. Policenauts also introduced summary screens, which act to refresh the player's memory of the plot upon reloading a saved game (save), an element Kojima would later use in Metal Gear Solid. The PlayStation version of Policenauts could also read the memory card and give some easter egg dialogues if a save file of Konami's dating sim Tokimeki Memorial is present, a technique Kojima would also later use in Metal Gear Solid.[31] From 1997 to 1999, Kojima developed the three Tokimeki Memorial Drama Series titles, which were adaptations of Tokimeki Memorial in a visual novel adventure game format.[33] Other acclaimed examples of science fiction visual novels include ELF's Yu-No (1996) and 5pb.'s Chaos;Head (2008) and Steins;Gate (2009).

Question: What's a visual novel?

List of tallest buildings in Dallas

The history of skyscrapers in the city began with the construction of the Praetorian Building in 1909. That building, rising 184 feet (56m) and 14 floors,[8] is often regarded as the first skyscraper in Dallas[9] or even the entire Western United States;[10] it was demolished in 2013.[8] Dallas's first building standing more than 492 feet (150m) was the Mercantile National Bank Building, completed in 1943.[11] During the 1980s energy boom, the city saw a significant number of completed projects.[12] There are currently four buildings under construction that are planned to rise at least 350 feet (107m).[13][2][3] Overall, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat ranks Dallas's skyline (based on existing and under construction buildings over 492 feet (150m) tall) 3rd in the Southern United States (after Miami and Houston) and 9th in the United States.[lower-alpha 1]

Question: What is the tallest building in Dallas?

Isle of Man Railway

Apart from the Ramsey Cattle Mart specials and the transport of materials for projects such as the completion of an airfield in the north of the island, freight trains rarely operated. Most freight was conveyed by attaching freight wagons, loose coupled, to the rear of passenger trains. This practice was contrary to UK regulations, but legal on the Isle of Man. The consequent shunting often delayed passenger trains at intermediate stations, but was cost effective for the railway. A miscommunication while detaching a van from a Douglas train at Union Mills was a contributory factor to the 22 August 1925 accident at Douglas.

Question: How long is the Isle of Man Railway line?
Elizabeth of Russia

There is considerable speculation as to the actual paternity of Paul I. It is suggested that he was not Peter's son at all but that his mother had engaged in an affair, to which Elizabeth had consented, with a young officer, Sergei Vasilievich Saltykov who would have been Paul's real father.[31] In any case, Peter never gave any indication that he believed Paul to have been fathered by anyone but himself. He also did not take any interest in parenthood.[32] Elizabeth most certainly took an active interest. She removed the young Paul and acted as if she were his mother instead of Catherine.[32] The Empress had ordered the midwife to take the baby and to follow her. Catherine was not to see her child for another month and then only briefly for the churching ceremony.[33] Six months later, Elizabeth let Catherine see the child again. The child had in effect become a ward of the state and, in a larger sense, the property of the state, to be brought up by Elizabeth as she believed he should be: as a true heir and great-grandson of her father, Peter the Great.[33]

Question: Who was Elizabeth the Great?

Menstrual cycle

With regard to women's smell across the cycle, some evidence indicates that men use olfactory cues in order to know if a woman is ovulating.[61] Using a rating of women's odors, women who are ovulating have been rated as more attractive by men.[61] Men demonstrate preferences for the scent of fertile women.[61]

Question: What is the average length of a woman's period?

Rich Rodriguez

The season included such highlights as a spectacular 67–65 comeback win over Illinois in triple overtime on Nov 6 and a special talent in sophomore quarterback Denard Robinson who in 12 games passed for 2,316 yards and rushed for 1,643 yards while accounting for 30 rushing and passing touchdowns.  Rodriguez led Michigan to its first New Year's Day bowl since the 2007 season when Michigan accepted a bid to play in the Gator Bowl.  However, Michigan's 38-point loss to Mississippi State in the Gator Bowl was the worst bowl loss in school history.[45]

Question: Where was Richard Alan Rodriguez born?

Transatlantic flight

Hawker and Mackenzie-Grieve made the first attempt on 18 May, but engine failure brought them down in the ocean where they were rescued.  Raynham and Morgan also made an attempt on 18 May but crashed on take off due to the high fuel load. The Handley Page team was in the final stages of testing its aircraft for the flight in June, but the Vickers group was ready earlier.[4][5]

Question: When was the first transatlantic flight?
Crash of the Titans

In the beginning of the game, Crash Bandicoot aids Coco with a butter-recycling device.[18] Doctor Neo Cortex arrives, captures Aku Aku and Coco and encases Crunch in ice. Crash throws Coco's machine at Cortex's airship, severing the chain holding Aku Aku's cage, which causes the cage to fall into the nearby forest. After Crash rescues Aku Aku, they discover that Cortex and Uka Uka are stealing Mojo from a nearby temple and decide to stop them.[19] On reaching the temple, Cortex reveals his plot to use the stolen Mojo to create an army of loyal mutants, which will be used to build a robot known as the Doominator, that will crush the Wumpa Islands and take over the world.[20] After failing to defeat Crash with his Yuktopus cyborg, Cortex boasts that Crash will never find his base and flies off, leaving Crash and Aku Aku to follow him.[21]

Question: When did Crash of the Titans come out?

Serial (radio and television)

In British television, the term "serial" is usually used instead of "miniseries".[40]
In some cases–such as the costume drama Pride and Prejudice (BBC One, 1995) or the contemporary social drama Our Friends in the North (BBC Two, 1996)–these are stand-alone dramas, and at the conclusion of the last episode, the program itself ends. In other cases, perhaps most famously the original series of Doctor Who (1963–89), the programme is made up of a continuing series of different serials.

Question: What is a TV serial drama?

Sorley MacLean

In 1956, MacLean was offered the position of head teacher of Plockton High School in Wester Ross, not far from where his paternal grandmother's family had lived. It was a difficult assignment as the remote location was not attractive to teacher candidates, and MacLean frequently had to teach himself due to vacancies.[27] While at Plockton, he promoted the use of Scottish Gaelic in formal education and campaigned for a Highers exam for learners of Gaelic.[4]:127 Before 1968, there was no separate exam for Gaelic learners, who had to compete with native speakers if they took Gaelic Highers. MacLean felt that this unfair policy discouraged many students from studying Gaelic, although he encouraged his students to take the exam even if they were not native speakers.[5]:34[lower-roman 8] In 1966, he presented a paper to the Gaelic Society of Inverness outlining the practical issues in Gaelic education. MacLean pointed out that in continental Europe, it was not uncommon to study three or four languages in school. According to MacLean, Scottish children would benefit from studying three languages in school alongside English, and "surely it is not expecting too much of Gaelic patriotism to demand that Gaelic should be one of the three?"[27][lower-roman 9] MacLean set high academic expectations for his students[18] and also promoted shinty; in 1965, the Plockton team won the cup for Ross and Cromarty.[27]

Question: Where was Sorley MacLean born?
Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Gundam Wing was a greater success in North America, however, and is credited with single-handedly popularizing the Gundam franchise among Western audiences.[27] Just over a week after its premiere on Cartoon Network on March 6, 2000, the series was the top rated program in all age groups.[28] During the summer of 2000, it remained as the first or second top-rated show among kids and teens during its twelve airings per week on the Toonami block. Gundam Wing was ranked the 73rd best animated series by IGN, calling the series "so good that even those opposed to anime have to give the show its due credit".[29]

Question: When did Gundam Wing premier?

Naval Station Norfolk

Carrier Strike Group Two
Carrier Strike Group Eight
Carrier Strike Group Ten
Carrier Strike Group Twelve

Question: What is the largest naval base in the world?

Synthetic setae

*JKR refers to the Johnson, Kendall, Roberts model of adhesion[12]

Question: When was the first synthetic self-cleaning surface released?

Swimming at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay

The medley relay was scheduled in the Olympiski Sports Complex for Thursday, 24 July, the fifth day of swimming competition, with heats from 11 am, and the final from 9 pm.[8] In the morning Sweden was disqualified in the first heat, while Australia and the Soviet Union competed in the second heat.[9] With their superior depth, the home team was able to rest their entire first-choice quartet in the heats, while Australia was only willing to rest Kerry, with Glenn Patching swimming the backstroke leg in his place.[10] The hosts led the Australians from the start and extended their margin over each of the first three legs. Brooks reclaimed 1.34s on the freestyle leg, but the Australians fell 0.13s short to come second in their heat. Nevertheless, the Australians qualified in second place overall, as they and the Soviets were almost 2s faster than the third-placed Hungarians.[9] In any case, the home team, despite resting all of their first-choice quartet, were still faster than the Australians, who had rested only one.[10]  The winners of the first heat, Great Britain, had obtained a time slower than even the fourth-place finisher of the second heat, East Germany, and slower than the Soviets' by almost 3 seconds.[9]

Question: What was Neil Brooks' fastest recorded time?

Eastern philosophy

Sāmkhya is a dualist philosophical tradition based on the Samkhyakarika (c. 320–540 CE),[41] while the Yoga school was a closely related tradition emphasizing meditation and liberation whose major text is the Yoga sutras (c. 400 CE).[42] Elements of proto-Samkhya ideas can however be traced back all the way to the period of the early Upanishads.[43] One of the main differences between the two closely related schools was that Yoga allowed for the existence of a God, while most Sāmkhya thinkers criticized this idea.[44]

Question: Who are the three most important eastern philosophers?
John Mollo

Mollo was surprised by the success of Star Wars, and in 1978 he won an Academy Award for Costume Design. In his acceptance speech at the Oscars ceremony, he said that the Star Wars costumes were "really not so much costumes as a bit of plumbing and general automobile engineering."[3][4][12]

Question: Who was costume designer for the first Star Wars movie?

History of nuclear weapons

In the end, President Truman made the final decision, looking for a proper response to the first Soviet atomic bomb test in 1949. On January 31, 1950, Truman announced a crash program to develop the hydrogen (fusion) bomb. At this point, however, the exact mechanism was still not known: the classical hydrogen bomb, whereby the heat of the fission bomb would be used to ignite the fusion material, seemed highly unworkable. However, an insight by Los Alamos mathematician Stanislaw Ulam showed that the fission bomb and the fusion fuel could be in separate parts of the bomb, and that radiation of the fission bomb could first work in a way to compress the fusion material before igniting it.

Question: Who developed the first thermonuclear weapon?

Mahwah, New Jersey

The previous mayor, Bill Laforet faced a recall election in November 2018, after a resident group submitted in June a list of 5,000 petition signatures that they had collected calling for the action, in excess of the 25% needed to place the measure in front of voters.[85] In the November 2018 general election, Laforet was recalled from office and John Roth was elected mayor. The successful recall was the first in the county for at least 25 years.[86]

Question: What is the population of Mahwah, NJ?