copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
United States Air Force

Training programs vary in length; for example, 3M0X1 (Services) has 31 days of tech school training, while 3E8X1 (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) is one year of training with a preliminary school and a main school consisting of over 10 separate divisions, sometimes taking students close to two years to complete. Officer technical training conducted by Second Air Force can also vary by AFSC, while flight training for aeronautically-rated officers conducted by AETC's Nineteenth Air Force can last well in excess of one year.

Question: How many soldiers are in the US Air Force?

Battle of Elsenborn Ridge

During the night of the 16th and dawn of the 17th, the Germans attacked to the east of Rocherath and Krinkelt and made a deep penetration. They were liable at any moment to come bursting out of the forest. Robertson ordered the 2nd Division with its heavy weapons and vehicles to withdraw to the twin villages. The 99th Division had already put its last reserve into the battle. The 2nd Division with the attached 395th were the only units in line defend the endangered sector of the corridor south of Wahlerscheid.[3]

Question: How many died during The Battle of Elsenborn Ridge?

Thyroid hormones

Little is known about intracellular kinetics of thyroid hormones. However, recently it could be demonstrated that the crystallin CRYM binds 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine in vivo.[40]

Question: What hormones does the thyroid produce?

Automated external defibrillator

When turned on or opened, the AED will instruct the user to connect the electrodes (pads) to the patient. Once the pads are attached, everyone should avoid touching the patient so as to avoid false readings by the unit. The pads allow the AED to examine the electrical output from the heart and determine if the patient is in a shockable rhythm (either ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia). If the device determines that a shock is warranted, it will use the battery to charge its internal capacitor in preparation to deliver the shock. This system is not only safer (charging only when required), but also allows for a faster delivery of the electric current.

Question: When was the AED invented?

The House of Mirth

She was a Phantom of delight

When first she gleam'd upon my sight; 

A lovely Apparition, sent

To be a moment's ornament:

Her eyes as stars of twilight fair;

Like twilight's, too, her dusky hair;

But all things else about her drawn

From May-time and the cheerful dawn;

A dancing shape, an image gay,

To haunt, to startle, and waylay.

Question: Who first published The House of Mirth?

The Game Awards 2018

Newly announced games were:

Question: What is the best racing game of 2018?
Blue-footed booby

The blue-footed booby is a specialized fish eater, feeding on small schooling fish such as sardines, anchovies, mackerel, and flying fish. It will also take squid and offal. The blue-footed booby hunts by diving into the ocean after prey, sometimes from a great height, and can also swim underwater in pursuit of its prey. It can hunt singly, in pairs, or in larger flocks. Boobies travel in parties of about 12 to areas of water with large schools of small fish. When the lead bird sees a fish shoal in the water, it will signal to the rest of the group and they will all dive in unison, pointing their bodies down like arrows.[4]

Question: Who named the blue-footed booby?

Red Lantern Corps

During the Blackest Night event, the Guardians of the Universe are shown observing the War of Light unfolding among the various Corps of the emotional spectrum; one of the scenes depicting the Lost Lanterns confronting the Red Lantern Corps in order to retrieve Laira's body from Ysmault. As the seven Corps battle one another, a new eighth group powered by death is introduced to the DC Universe: the Black Lantern Corps. Black Hand, a leader of the new Corps, releases black power rings that reanimated the deceased in order to recruit members to their ranks.[16] Just as Atrocitus steps into the fight against the Lost Lanterns, the black rings descend on Ysmault, seeking the bodies of Laira and the four deceased Inversions.[17]

Question: What issue did the Red Lantern first appear in?

History of the Jews in England

The invasion scare of 1857 saw the creation of the Volunteer Force which included both Engineer and Rifle Volunteer Corps. These units were raised by local communities with the permission of their local Lord Lieutenant.

Question: When did Jewish people first come to England?

Politics of Malaysia

The Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition currently consists of People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), National Trust Party (Amanah) and Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Bersatu) with Sabah Heritage Party (Warisan) as confidence-and-supply partner. The opposition is made up of Barisan Nasional (BN), Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) and other smaller parties.

Question: Who rules Malaysia?
Suleiman the Magnificent

Sultan Suleiman's two consorts (Hürrem and Mahidevran) had borne him six sons, four of whom survived past the 1550s. They were Mustafa, Selim, Bayezid, and Cihangir. Of these,  the eldest was not Hürrem Sultan's son, but rather Mahidevran's, and therefore preceded Hürrem's children in the order of succession. Hürrem was aware that should Mustafa become Sultan her own children would be strangled. Yet Mustafa was recognized as the most talented of all the brothers and was supported by Pargalı İbrahim Pasha, who was by this time Suleiman's Grand Vizier. The Austrian ambassador Busbecq would note "Suleiman has among his children a son called Mustafa, marvelously well educated and prudent and of an age to rule, since he is 24 or 25 years old; may God never allow a Barbary of such strength to come near us", going on to talk of Mustafa's "remarkable natural gifts".[79]
Hürrem is usually held at least partly responsible for the intrigues in nominating a successor. Although she was Suleiman's wife, she exercised no official public role. This did not, however, prevent Hürrem from wielding powerful political influence. Since the Empire lacked, until the reign of Ahmed I, any formal means of nominating a successor, successions usually involved the death of competing princes in order to avert civil unrest and rebellions. In attempting to avoid the execution of her sons, Hürrem used her influence to eliminate those who supported Mustafa's accession to the throne.[63]

Question: Who ruled after Suleiman I?

History of the World Trade Organization

The GATT was the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1946 until the WTO was established on 1 January 1995.[9] Despite attempts in the mid-1950s and 1960s to create some form of institutional mechanism for international trade, the GATT continued to operate for almost half a century as a semi-institutionalized multilateral treaty regime on a provisional basis.[10]

Question: When was the World Trade Organization first formed?

USS Alliance (1778)

A grapeshot hit Barry's left shoulder, seriously wounding him, but he continued to direct the fighting until loss of blood almost robbed him of consciousness. Lieutenant Hoystead Hacker, the frigate's executive officer, took command as Barry was carried to the cockpit for treatment. Hacker fought the ship with valor and determination until her inability to maneuver out of her relatively defenseless position prompted him to seek Barry's permission to surrender. Indignantly, Barry refused to allow this and asked to be brought back on deck to resume command.

Question: When was the frigate the USS Alliance built?

American Enlightenment

J.G.A. Pocock explained the intellectual sources in America:[14]

Question: When did the Enlightenment spread to America?
Gas mask

Most civilians learned how to use gas masks through the civil defense department, but children received most gas mask education in school drills. Schools would implement gas mask education and training after the outbreak of a war. Schools would harshly enforce the compulsory carrying of gas masks at all times. Gas mask and air raid drills were closely related and children would be made to wear gas masks in everyday activities, including gymnastics. The wearing of gas masks in the classrooms were especially difficult for teachers as they had trouble distinguishing one child from another. The gas masks became as uniform as the students' uniforms. Other civilians learned the use of a gas mask through posters, pamphlets, and radio lectures, but children learned through cartoons and rhymes such as "coughs and sneezes spread diseases".[32]

Question: Who developed the first gas mask used in World War I?

Hispaniola

The island was inhabited by the Taíno, one of the indigenous Arawak peoples. The Taíno helped Columbus construct La Navidad on what is now Môle-Saint-Nicolas, Haiti, in December 1492. European colonization of the island began in earnest the following year, when 1,300 men arrived from Spain under the watch of Bartolomeo Columbus. In 1496, the town of Nueva Isabela was founded. After being destroyed by a hurricane, it was rebuilt on the opposite side of the Ozama River and called Santo Domingo. It is the oldest permanent European settlement in the Americas.[19]

Question: When did Hispaniola become settled?

Monarchy of Spain

a. To sanction and promulgate the laws
b. To summon and dissolve the Cortes Generales and to call for elections under the terms provided for in the Constitution.
c. To call for a referendum in the cases provided for in the Constitution.
e. To appoint and dismiss members of the Government on the President of the Government's proposal.
f. To issue the decrees approved in the Council of Ministers, to confer civil and military honours and distinctions in conformity with the law.
g. To be informed of the affairs of State and, for this purpose, to preside over the meetings of the Council of Ministers whenever, he sees fit, at the President of the Government's request.
h. To exercise supreme command of the Armed Forces
i. To exercise the right of clemency in accordance with the law, which may not authorize general pardons.
j. To exercise the High Patronage of the Royal Academies.—Title II The Crown, Article 62, the Spanish Constitution of 1978[2][16]

Question: Who was the last ruling monarch of Spain?
Matilda of Flanders

Ancestors of Main Page16. Baldwin III, Count of Flanders8. Arnulf II, Count of Flanders17. Mathilde Billung of Saxony4. Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders18. Berengar II of Italy9. Rozala of Italy19. Willa of Tuscany2. Baldwin V, Count of Flanders20. Siegfried, Count of Luxembourg10. Frederick of Luxembourg21. Hedwig of Nordgau5. Ogive of Luxembourg22. Heribert von der Wetterau11. Ermentrude, Countess of Gleiberg23. Irmintrudis von Avalgau1. Matilda of Flanders24. Hugh the Great12. Hugh Capet25. Hedwige of Saxony6. Robert II of France26. William III, Duke of Aquitaine13. Adelaide of Aquitaine27. Adèle of Normandy3. Adela of France28. Boso II, Count of Arles14. William I, Count of Provence29. Constance7. Constance of Arles30. Fulk II, Count of Anjou15. Adelaide of Anjou31. Gerberga

Question: Who was William I wife?

Charles I of Austria

"Emperor Karl is the only decent man to come out of the war in a leadership position, no one listened to him. He sincerely wanted peace, and therefore was despised by the whole world. It was a wonderful chance that was lost."

Question: Who was the last king of Austria?

BMW

During the Second World War, BMW produced the BMW R75 motorcycle with a sidecar attached. Having a unique design copied from the Zündapp KS750, its sidecar wheel was also motor-driven. Combined with a lockable differential, this made the vehicle very capable off-road, an equivalent in many ways to the Jeep.

Question: What was the first BMW?

Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Twenty-second Amendment (Amendment XXII) to the United States Constitution sets a limit on the number of times an individual is eligible for election to the office of President of the United States, and also sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors.[1]

Question: When did the two term presidency rule go into effect?

First Sino-Japanese War

The war is commonly known in China as the War of Jiawu (Chinese:甲午戰爭; pinyin:Jiǎwǔ Zhànzhēng), referring to the year (1894) as named under the traditional sexagenary system of years. In Japan, it is called the Japan–Qing War(Japanese:日清戦争,Hepburn:Nisshin sensō). In Korea, where much of the war took place, it is called the Qing–Japan War (Korean: 청일전쟁; Hanja: 淸日戰爭).

Question: When was the First Sino-Japanese War?

World of Warcraft

In 2015, Blizzard released Heroes of the Storm, their own crossover multiplayer online battle arena video game in which players can control over 35 heroes from Warcraft universe such as Arthas, Gul'dan, Kel'thuzad, Malfurion, Ragnaros, Sylvanas, Thrall and Varian.[165] The game features warcraft-themed battleground named Alterac Pass.[166]

Question: When did World of Warcraft come out?
Jean Rollin

When he was 16, he found a job at Les Films de Saturne, he was there to help write invoices, and earned himself some money, and of course wanted to be involved in cinema.  They specialized in creating opening and closing credits and short cartoons, but real films were also shot, and industrial shorts and documentaries were also made.  Jean was part of the crew in a short documentary about Snecma, a big factory in France which built motors and planes.  He arranged the tracking shots, laid the tracks, checked the electricity, and helped the cameraman.

Question: What was the first film by Jean Michel Rollin Roth Le Gentil?

Wimbledon F.C.

1These matches were played at Brighton and Hove Albion's Goldstone Ground, as Selhurst Park was unavailable.[44]

Question: When was Wimbledon Football Club formed?

Qubit

In general, n qubits are represented by a superposition state vector in 2n-dimensional Hilbert space.

Question: What is a qubit?

Highbury

Nearest rail and tube stations:

Question: How big is the Highbury residence?

Santa Barbara, California

KJEE (92.9 FM),
, formerly easy listening station KRUZ. It broadcasts from La Cumbre Peak at an altitude of 3,000 feet (910m) and can be heard in San Diego despite a distance of 200 miles (320km) because it propagates across the ocean.
KDB (93.7 FM)
KTYD (99.9 FM) and
KSBL (101.7 FM) which markets itself as KLITE and is owned by Rincon Broadcasting.

Question: How large is Santa Barbara?

Statue

The oldest statue of a deity in Rome was the bronze statue of Ceres in 485 BC.[13][14] The oldest statue in Rome is now the statue of Diana on the Aventine.[15]

Question: What is the oldest surviving example of sculpture?

Watch Dogs

Watch Dogs' graphics and innovation impressed after the 2012 Electronic Entertainment Expo.[5][55] According to leaked marketing material, it received over eighty E3 awards and nominations and G4tv called it a "truly next-gen adventure".[56] At the 2013 Electronic Entertainment Expo, the game received over fifty awards and nominations.[57] The following year, Ubisoft was accused of graphical downgrading after a NeoGAF forum post compared its 2012 visuals to 2014 video footage.[58]

Question: When did Watch Dogs come out?

Park Chung-hee

Beginning in October 1964, North Korea increased the infiltration of its intelligence-gatherers and propagandists into the South. More than 30 South Korean soldiers and at least 10 civilians had been killed in clashes with North Korean infiltrators by October 1966.

Question: When was Park Chung-hee born?

United States Bill of Rights

Madison was deeply read in the history of government and used a range of sources in composing the amendments. The English Magna Carta of 1215 inspired the right to petition and to trial by jury, for example, while the English Bill of Rights of 1689 provided an early precedent for the right to keep and bear arms (although this applied only to Protestants) and prohibited cruel and unusual punishment.[33]

Question: When was the Bill of Rights written?
Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church

In 1959, Cardinal Silvio Oddi proposed a permanent consultative body of priests drawn from many parts of the world to discuss major concerns of the Church. The same year Cardinal Bernardus Johannes Alfrink proposed a permanent council of specialized bishops to legislate for the Church in union with the Pope and the cardinals.[9] In 1963, during the third session of the Second Vatican Council, Patriarch Maximos IV proposed that the church should be governed by the Pope and the bishops as successors of Peter and the apostles respectively, not by the Pope and the "Roman clergy", that is, the College of Cardinals. Maximos proposed that the Council establish a rotating body of bishops in continuous residence in Rome to assist the Pope.[10]

Question: When was the first synod of Catholic bishops?

Duane D. Hackney

Hackney went on to receive more than 70 individual awards becoming the most decorated enlisted man in Air Force history.[2]  He was the winner of the Cheney Award for 1967. The Cheney award is given annually to a member of USAF for an act of valor, extreme fortitude, or self-sacrifice in a humanitarian interest performed in conjunction with aircraft.[3] Upon his return from Vietnam in 1967, Hackney was deployed to the 41st Aerospace Rescue & Recovery Squadron (41st ARRS) at Hamilton Air Force Base, in Marin County, California. Shortly after the awarding of his Air Force Cross on September 9, 1967, Hackney made a guest appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. In 1991 he retired as a Chief Master Sergeant.

Question: Who is the most decorated pilot in U.S. Air Force history?

Social identity theory

"Thus, social categorization is still conceived as a haphazardly floating 'independent variable' which strikes at random as the spirit moves it. No links are made or attempted, between the conditions determining its presence and mode of operation, and its outcomes in widely diffused commonalities of social behaviour. Why, when and how is social categorisation salient or not salient? What kind of shared constructions of social reality, mediated through social categorization, lead to a social climate in which large masses of people feel they are in long-term conflict with other masses? What, for example, are the psychological transitions from a stable to an unstable social system?" (Original emphasis, p. 188)[26]

Question: Who theorized the social self?

Final Fantasy Type-0

No URL found. Please specify a URL here or add one to Wikidata. (in Japanese)
 (in Japanese)
 (in Japanese)

Question: When did Final Fantasy Type-0 come out?
John Kerr (governor-general)

For the first two years of his life, Kerr and his parents lived with his paternal grandparents in a weatherboard cottage in Balmain. They later rented cottages in Rozelle and Dulwich Hill, buying the latter outright only in 1949. Kerr began his education at the Birchgrove Public School.[3] He won a scholarship to attend the prestigious Fort Street Boys' High School, where he excelled academically. He topped the school in English, history, and chemistry in his final year. His contemporaries remembered him as quite aloof; one of his few close friends was Francis James.[4] In deciding to pursue law as a career, Kerr found a role model in H. V. Evatt, a fellow Fortian who in 1930 became the youngest-ever High Court judge; in the same year, Evatt completed a doctoral thesis on the royal prerogative. Kerr's father knew Evatt through his membership of the Labor Party (which Evatt would eventually lead), and had helped him on his successful campaign for the state seat of Balmain in 1925. Evatt became the first in a series of patrons who helped Kerr progress in his career despite a relatively humble background.[5]

Question: Where was Sir John Robert Kerr born?

Mykola Leontovych

During his lifetime, Leontovych's compositions and arrangements became popular with professional and amateur groups alike across the Ukrainian region of the Russian Empire. Performances of his works in western Europe and North America earned him the nickname "the Ukrainian Bach" in France. Apart from his very popular Shchedryk, Leontovych's music is performed primarily in Ukraine and the Ukrainian diaspora.

Question: Which piece is Mykola Dmytrovych Leontovych most famous for?

Algebra

A field is a ring with the additional property that all the elements excluding 0 form an abelian group under ×. The multiplicative (×) identity is written as 1 and the multiplicative inverse of a is written as a−1.

Question: Who is considered the founder of algebra?

Asteroid

As of 29October2018, the LINEAR system alone has discovered 147,132 asteroids.[36] Among all the surveys, 19,266 near-Earth asteroids have been discovered[37] including almost 900 more than 1km (0.6mi) in diameter.[38]

Question: Who coined the term asteroid?

Wolfenstein

Like its predecessor, the game is a combination of action-adventure and stealth-based side-scroller, developed and published by Muse Software, and released in 1984. After the death of the original designer of the program, the widow of Silas Warner has released a ported version of the game, as well as its reconstructed source code in his honour in 2004.

Question: When was Wolfenstein: The New Order first released?