copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Pararhabdodon

Casanovas-Cladellas et al. revised their position for a final time in 1999, when they published a paper arguing for a position as a primitive member of the hadrosaur subfamily Lambeosaurinae - this made it the first such species known from the continent of Europe. Characters of the skeleton supporting this viewpoint were the truncated and rounded anatomy of the articulation of the maxilla to the jugal, the truncated nature of the back of the maxilla itself, the ventral deflection of the front of the dentary (thought the only known dentary was later referred to a new species, Koutalisaurus, and later declared that of indeterminate lambeosaurine[8]), its tall neural spines, and deltopectoral crest of the humerus being distally projected.[2]

Question: When were fossils of the Pararhabdodon first found?

Battle of Elsenborn Ridge

The American lines were backed up by impressive artillery support. The 3rd Panzer Grenadier Division hit the left or north side of Elsenborn ridge from the Schwalm Creek valley against 99th Infantry Division. But their tanks found the soft ground almost impassible, and one after another the Sturmgeschütz III assault guns bogged down, making them easy prey for the American artillery. On 20 December, the Pz Abt 103 lost a total of fifteen StuG III. Twelve of them bogged down in front of the Elsenborn Ridge, the others ran onto mines inside Krinkelt and Rocherath. The Germans attacked for a second time on the 20th. All these attacks were repelled with heavy losses.[4]:409

Question: Who won The Battle of Elsenborn Ridge?

Mildred Hubble

In The Worst Witch Strikes Again she is assigned by Miss Cackle to show the new girl, Enid Nightshade, around the school, much to the chagrin and disappointment of both Maud and Miss Hardbroom. Throughout the novel, Enid gets Mildred into trouble without owning up. In A Bad Spell for the Worst Witch she is turned into a frog by Ethel Hallow after telling her younger sister a pretend story about Miss Hardbroom turning a pupil into a frog after being two seconds late for a lesson. This is how she discovers Algernon Rowan-Webb. In The Worst Witch All at Sea, after being given a normal black cat after Fenella Feverfew transferred to Miss Pentangle's Academy, Mildred disobeys orders and brings Tabby with her to Grim Cove. She also discovers a legendary treasure chest on Cat's Head Rock. 

Question: Who is the protagonist of Worst Witch?

List of best-selling Nintendo 64 video games

Of these top 45 games, 12 were developed by internal Nintendo development divisions. Aside from these, the developer with the most million-selling games is Rare, with seven titles in the top 45. Nintendo published 31 of these 45 games. Other publishers with multiple million-selling entries in the list include THQ with four games, Rare with three games, and Acclaim Entertainment with two games. The most popular franchises on Nintendo 64 include Pokémon with 13.46 million combined units, The Legend of Zelda with 10.96 million combined units, Donkey Kong with 10.15 million combined units, and Star Wars with 7.87 million combined units.

Question: How many copies did Star Wars: Rogue Squadron sale?
Excalibur (film)

Morgana bears a son, Mordred, and a curse caused by Mordred's unnatural incestuous origin strikes the land with famine and sickness. A broken Arthur sends his knights on a quest for the Holy Grail, in hopes of restoring the land. Many of his knights die or are bewitched by Morgana. Morgana captures Perceval, who narrowly escapes. Perceval encounters an ugly bearded old man with armor under his tattered robes, who preaches to followers that the kingdom has fallen because of "the sin of Pride". A shocked Perceval recognizes the man as Lancelot. After Perceval fails to convince Lancelot to come to Arthur's aid, Lancelot and his followers throw Perceval into a river. Perceval has a vision of the Grail, during which he realizes that Arthur and the land are one. Upon answering the riddle he gains the Grail and takes it to Arthur, who drinks from it and is revitalized, as is the land, which springs into blossom.

Question: When was the film Excalibur released?

History of sociology

The sociological reasoning may be traced back at least as far as the ancient Greeks (cf. Xenophanes′ remark: "If horses would adore gods, these gods would resemble horses"). Proto-sociological observations are to be found in the founding texts of Western philosophy (Herodotus, Thucydides, Plato, Polybius and so on), as well as in the non-European thought of figures such as Confucius.[3] The characteristic trends in the sociological thinking of the ancient Greeks can be traced back to their social environment.  Because there was rarely any extensive or highly centralized political organization within states this allowed the tribal spirit of localism and provincialism to have free play. This tribal spirit of localism and provincialism pervaded most of the Greek thinking upon social phenomena.[4]

Question: Who is considered the founder of sociology?

1960 Valdivia earthquake

The United States quickly set up a field hospital following the earthquake.[31] Aided by the United States, a geological survey of Valdivia was done following the earthquake and resulted in the city's first geological map. Mexico built and donated the public school Escuela México after the earthquake.[31]

Question: What was the largest seismic event in recorded history?

Addis Ababa

The City is partially powered by water at the Koka Reservoir.

Question: What is the capital city of Ethiopia?

Modern English

Non-rhotic (/ɹ/-dropping) accents develop in the English of England, Australasia, and South Africa.
Happy-tensing: final lax [ɪ] becomes tense [i] in words like happY. Absent from some dialects.
Yod-dropping: The elision of /j/ in certain consonant clusters, like those found in "chute", "rude", "blue", "chews", and "Zeus".
Wine–whine merger from the reduction of /hw/ to /w/ in all national standard varieties of English, except Scottish and Irish.
In North American and Australasian English, /t, d/ are flapped or voiced to [ɾ] between vowels.
Cot-caught merger the merger of /ɔ/ and /ɑ/ to /ɑ/ in many dialects of General American.

Question: When did the modern English alphabet develop?
French colonization of the Americas

French traders and colonists tried again to settle a France Équinoxiale further North, in what is today French Guiana, in 1626, 1635 (when the capital, Cayenne, was founded) and 1643. Twice a Compagnie de la France Équinoxiale was founded, in 1643 and 1645, but both foundered as a result of misfortune and mismanagement. It was only after 1674, when the colony came under the direct control of the French crown and a competent Governor took office, that France Équinoxiale became a reality. To this day, French Guiana is a department of France.[20]

Question: What was the largest French slave colony of North America?

Economy of South Korea

Since the 1980s, South Korea, now in possession of more modern military technology than in previous generations, has actively begun shifting its defense industry's areas of interest more from its previously homeland defense-oriented militarization efforts, to the promotion of military equipment and technology as mainstream products of exportation to boost its international trade. Some of its key military export projects include the T-155 Firtina self-propelled artillery for Turkey; the K11 air-burst rifle for United Arab Emirates; the Bangabandhu class guided-missile frigate for Bangladesh; fleet tankers such as Sirius class for the navies of Australia, New Zealand, and Venezuela; Makassar class amphibious assault ships for Indonesia; and the KT-1 trainer aircraft for Turkey, Indonesia and Peru.

Question: What is South Korea's number one industry?

Slave Trade Act 1807

The United States adopted its Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves on March 2, 1807, the same month and year as the British action.  It provided for the abolition of its Atlantic slave trade but did not alter its internal trade in slaves. Article 1, Section 9, Clause 1 of the United States Constitution forbade the closing of the slave trade for twenty years, until 1808. The long-planned law was passed a year earlier, and with the economic incentives of the slave trade coming to an end, there was both a spike number of slaves being traded and a unification of political factions against the trade.[9]

Question: When was slavery abolished in England?

Grandia (video game)

Grandia features a rotational party roster. The statistics of each party member increase each time they gain a new level by defeating enemies and earning experience points. Characters learn new abilities through the repeated use of weapons and spells. Once a particular weapon/magic spell is used a number of times in battle, its Skill Level is raised.[7] Weapons are divided into different classes, including swords, maces, axes, whips and knives. Each party member's potential abilities are listed on a Skill screen within the game's main menu, as well as the Skill requirements that must be met in order to learn them.[6] The game encourages players to periodically switch between weapons. When a weapon or magic element levels up, permanent stat points are added to that character as well. For example, when a character's water skill levels up, they also receive +1 HP as well as +2 MP.

Question: When was Grandia developed?
Transformers (film series)

Before Transformers was released, producer DeSanto had "a very cool idea" to introduce the Dinobots,[50] while Bay was interested in an aircraft carrier, which was dropped from the 2007 film.[51] Orci claimed they did not incorporate these characters into Revenge of the Fallen because they could not think of a way to justify the Dinobots' choice of form,[42] and were unable to fit in the aircraft carrier.[52] Orci also admitted he was also dismissive of the Dinobots because he does not like dinosaurs. "I recognize I am weird in that department", he said,[53] but he became fonder of them during filming because of their popularity with fans.[54] He added "I couldn't see why a Transformer would feel the need to disguise himself in front of a bunch of lizards. Movie-wise, I mean. Once the general audience is fully on board with the whole thing, maybe Dinobots in the future."[55] However, Michael Bay said he hated the Dinobots and they had never been in consideration for being featured in the movies.[56] It is the last film in the series to be distributed by DreamWorks.

Question: Who directed the first Transformer film?

Metastasis

Some patients, however, do not show any symptoms.[9]
When the organ gets a metastatic disease it begins to shrink until its lymph nodes burst, or undergo lysis.

Question: What cancers effect the lymphatic system?

House of 1000 Corpses

Additionally, Chad Bannon and David Reynolds appear as amateur robbers Killer Karl and Richard Wick. Walter Phelan portrays Dr. Satan. Earl Firefly, referred to in the credits as "The Professor", is portrayed by Jake McKinnon.

Question: How much did House of a 1000 Corpses gross?

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss was born on 30 April 1777 in Brunswick (Braunschweig), in the Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (now part of Lower Saxony, Germany), to poor, working-class parents.[6] His mother was illiterate and never recorded the date of his birth, remembering only that he had been born on a Wednesday, eight days before the Feast of the Ascension (which occurs 39 days after Easter). Gauss later solved this puzzle about his birthdate in the context of finding the date of Easter, deriving methods to compute the date in both past and future years.[7] He was christened and confirmed in a church near the school he attended as a child.[8]

Question: When did Carl Friedrich Gauss live?

Coral Gables, Florida

As of 2000, Coral Gables had the eighteenth highest percentage of Cuban residents in the US, with 28.72% of the populace.[18] It also had the sixty-fourth highest percentage of Colombian residents in the US, at 2.27% of the city's population,[19] and the sixteenth highest percentage of Venezuelan residents in the US, at 1.17% of its population.[20]

Question: What is the population of Coral Gables, FL?
Theodor Heuss

Heuss was born in Brackenheim, a small town in Württemberg near Heilbronn. This “wine community” is located next to the border of Swabian to the Franconian area. He studied economics, art history and political science at the universities of Munich and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1905 in Munich with Lujo Brentano as his thesis adviser. On 11 April 1908, he married Elly Heuss-Knapp (1881–1952), with whom he had a son. The minister at the Lutheran wedding ceremony held in Straßburg was Albert Schweitzer, a close friend of Elly's.[1][2][3][4][5]

Question: Who was the first leader of West Germany?

Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)

In 1776 when Tây Sơn rebel forces captured Gia Dinh they executed the entire Nguyen royal family and much of the local population. Nguyễn Ánh, the only member of the Nguyễn family still alive, managed to escape across the river to Siam. While in exile Nguyễn Ánh wished to retake Gia Dinh and push the Tay-Son rebels out.  He convinced the neutral King Phutthayotfa Chulalok of Siam to provide him with support troops and a small invasion force.

Question: How long did the Rattanakosin Kingdom last?

History of Nintendo

On May 14, 2005, Nintendo opened its first retail store accessible to the general public, Nintendo World Store, at the Rockefeller Center in New York City. It consists of two stories, and contains many kiosks of GameCube, Game Boy Advance, and Nintendo DS games. There are also display cases filled with things from Nintendo's past, including Hanafuda, Nintendo's first product. They celebrated the opening with a block party at Rockefeller Plaza.

Question: What was the first Nintendo game?

The Legend of Zelda

The series centers on Link, the elf-like player character and chief protagonist. Link is often given the task of rescuing Princess Zelda and the kingdom of Hyrule from Ganon, an evil warlord turned demon who is the principal antagonist of the series; however, other settings and antagonists have appeared in several games. The plots commonly involve a relic known as the Triforce, a set of three golden triangles representing the virtues of Courage, Wisdom and Power that together are omnipotent. The protagonist in each game is usually not the same incarnation of Link, but a few exceptions exist.

Question: When was Zelda first released?

Where No Man Has Gone Before

Kirk decides that they need to know what happened to the Valiant, and the Enterprise crosses the edge of the galaxy where it encounters a strange barrier which damages the ship's systems and warp drive, forcing a retreat. At the same time, nine crew members are killed and both helmsman Gary Mitchell and ship's psychiatrist Dr. Elizabeth Dehner are knocked unconscious by the barrier's effect. When he awakens, Mitchell's eyes glow silver, and he begins to display remarkable psychic powers.

Question: When did Star Trek first air?
Churches of Rome

Santa Sabina (432)
San Lorenzo in Lucina (430s)
Santa Maria Maggiore (430s)
Santo Stefano Rotondo (460)
Sant'Agata dei Goti (460s; originally Arian, the only Arian foundation to survive in Rome)
Sant'Eusebio (before 474)
Santa Bibiana (476)
San Giovanni a Porta Latina (late-5th century)
Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
San Crisogono
San Giovanni in Oleo
Santa Maria Antiqua
Santa Maria in Via Lata
San Paolo alle Tre Fontane
San Pietro in Vincoli, titular church for a cardinal-priest
Santa Prisca

Question: How many churches are there in Rome?

Immanuel Kant

Reinhold maintained in his letters that Kant's Critique of Pure Reason could settle this dispute by defending the authority and bounds of reason. Reinhold's letters were widely read and made Kant the most famous philosopher of his era.

Question: How many works did Kant publish?

Economy of Singapore

Electricity– imports:
0 kWh (2007)

Question: Who is Singapore's largest trade partner?

Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea


No. 50, Ruijin No. 2 Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, the birthplace of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Photo for memorial of establishing Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, 1919.
The museum in Chongqing, China.
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea site in Shanghai.
Taegeukgi in Provisional Government of site the Republic of Korea in Shanghai.
Office of Kim Gu in Provisional Government of ROK, Shanghai.
War declaration against Axis country by the Provisional Government
Migration Map of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea


Question: When was the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea formed?

High-speed rail

Plans in Saudi Arabia to begin service on a high-speed line have been pushed back to 2017, with a phased opening starting with the route from Medina to King Abdullah Economic City followed up with the rest of the line to Mecca the following year.[120]

Question: How fast do high speed trains go?

Elgin Marbles

Elgin consulted with Italian sculptor Antonio Canova in 1803 about how best to restore the marbles. Canova was considered by some to be the world's best sculptural restorer of the time; Elgin wrote that Canova declined to work on the marbles for fear of damaging them further.[8]

Question: What is type of stone is used in the Parthenon?

Game 6 of the 1998 NBA Finals

Bob Costas, calling the game on television for NBC, had this call.

Question: When was  the last game that Michael Jordan played in with the Bulls?

Project manager

IT Infrastructure Project Management -- An infrastructure IT PM is concerned with the nuts and bolts of the IT department, including computers, servers, storage, networking, and such aspects of them as backup, business continuity, upgrades, replacement, and growth.  Often, a secondary data center will be constructed in a remote location to help protect the business from outages caused by natural disaster or weather.  Recently, cyber security has become a significant growth area within IT infrastructure management.

Question: What does a project manager do?
American Sign Language

There are also meaningful non-manual signals in ASL.[7]:49 This may include movement of the eyebrows, the cheeks, the nose, the head, the torso, and the eyes.[7]:49

Question: When did ASL develop?

Red-eared firetail

The red-eared firetail (Stagonopleura oculata), also known as the boorin, is a small finch-like species of bird. It occurs in dense wetland vegetation of coastal to sub-coastal regions in Southwest Australia. Its appearance is considered appealing, with white spots, black barring and vivid crimson marks at the ear and upper tail. Red-eared firetails are usually only glimpsed briefly, if at all, as they move rapidly and discreetly through their habitat. Most observations occur when their soft voice is heard, or in flight when flushed from the dense scrub. Males and females are similar in colouring and bond as lifelong pairs that occupy a territory centred on their roosting and brooding nest site. The species occupy a similar ecological niche to the beautiful firetail Stagonopleura bella found in the east of Australia, although unlike other species of the genus they only occasionally group together and are almost never seen in large flocks.

Question: What do red-eared firetails primarily eat?

List of Roman emperors

The situation in the West is more complex. Throughout the final years of the Western Empire (395–480) the Eastern emperor was considered the senior emperor, and a Western emperor was only legitimate if recognized as such by the Eastern emperor. Furthermore, after 455 the Western emperor ceased to be a relevant figure and there was sometimes no claimant at all. For the sake of historical completeness, all Western Emperors after 455 are included in this list, even if they were not recognized by the Eastern Empire;[9] some of these technically illegitimate emperors are included in regnal lists, while others are not. For instance, Romulus Augustulus was technically a usurper who ruled only the Italian peninsula and was never legally recognized. However, he was traditionally considered the "last Roman Emperor" by 18th and 19th century western scholars and his overthrow by Odoacer used as the marking point between historical epochs, and as such he is usually included in regnal lists. However, modern scholarship has confirmed that Romulus Augustulus' predecessor, Julius Nepos continued to rule as emperor in the other Western holdings and as a figurehead for Odoacer's rule in Italy until Nepos' death in 480. Since the question of what constitutes an emperor can be ambiguous, and dating the "fall of the Western Empire" arbitrary, this list includes details of both figures.

Question: Who was the first emperor of the Roman Empire?
Television

In 2013, 79% of the world's households owned a television set.[2] The replacement of early bulky, high-voltage cathode ray tube (CRT) screen displays with compact, energy-efficient, flat-panel alternative technologies such as LCDs (both fluorescent-backlit and LED), OLED displays, and plasma displays was a hardware revolution that began with computer monitors in the late 1990s. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs. Major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s.[3][4] In the near future, LEDs are expected to be gradually replaced by OLEDs.[5] Also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s.[6][7][8] Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s.[9]

Question: When was the first home TV introduced?

Isopropyl alcohol

Rubbing alcohol, hand sanitizer, and disinfecting pads typically contain a 60–70% solution of isopropyl alcohol in water. Water is required to open up membrane pores of bacteria, which acts as a gateway for isopropyl alcohol.  A 75% v/v solution in water may be used as a hand sanitizer.[21] Isopropyl alcohol is used as a water-drying aid for the prevention of otitis externa, better known as swimmer's ear.[22]

Question: What is the chemical compound of rubbing alcohol?

Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden

So empowered as head of his house,[20] King Carl Gustaf since he was enthroned in 1973 has made a number of personal decisions regarding the titles and positions of relatives and family members, including the demotion of a sister, elevation of several commoners to nobility, rebuff of an elderly uncle's wishes and the creation of new Swedish titles and duchies.

Question: Who was the last King of Sweden?

Martin Heidegger

Heidegger's later works include Vom Wesen der Wahrheit ("On the Essence of Truth", 1930), Der Ursprung des Kunstwerkes ("The Origin of the Work of Art", 1935), Einführung in die Metaphysik ("Introduction to Metaphysics", 1935),  Bauen Wohnen Denken ("Building Dwelling Thinking", 1951), and Die Frage nach der Technik ("The Question Concerning Technology", 1954) and Was heisst Denken? (What Is Called Thinking? 1954). Also  Beiträge zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis) (Contributions to Philosophy (From Enowning)), composed in the years 1936–38 but not published until 1989, on the centennial of Heidegger's birth.

Question: Where was German philosopher Martin Heidegger born?

Carlos Salinas de Gortari

Salinas continued with the neoliberal economic policy of his predecessor Miguel de la Madrid and converted Mexico into a regulatory state. During his presidential term, the banking system (that had been nationalized by José López Portillo) was privatized, as well as the national phone company TELMEX.[5]

Question: When did Carlos Salinas de Gortari serve as President of Mexico?