copenlu/tydiqa_copenlu huggingface dataset:
Early history of video games

The ancestors to these games include the cathode-ray tube amusement device, the earliest known interactive electronic game as well as the first to incorporate a cathode ray tube screen.[5] The player simulates an artillery shell trajectory on a CRT screen connected to an oscilloscope, with a set of knobs and switches. The device uses purely analog electronics and does not use any digital computer or memory device or execute a program.[6] It was patented by Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann in 1947.[7] While the idea behind the game was potentially to use a television set as the display and thus sell the invention to consumers, as Goldsmith and Mann worked at television designer DuMont Laboratories, the patent, the first for an electronic game, was never used and the device never manufactured beyond the original handmade prototypes.[6][8][9] This, along with the lack of electronic logic circuits, keeps the device from being considered the first video game. Around the same time as the device was invented, the earliest known written computer game was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne in 1948, a chess simulation called Turochamp, though it was never actually implemented on a computer as the code was too complicated to run on the machines of the time. Turing tested the code in a game in 1952 where he mimicked the operation of the code in a real chess game against an opponent, but was never able to run the program on a computer.[9]

Question: What was the first video game ever released?

George Orwell

His dress sense was unpredictable and usually casual.[202] In Southwold, he had the best cloth from the local tailor[203] but was equally happy in his tramping outfit. His attire in the Spanish Civil War, along with his size-12 boots, was a source of amusement.[204][205] David Astor described him as looking like a prep school master,[206] while according to the Special Branch dossier, Orwell's tendency to dress "in Bohemian fashion" revealed that the author was "a Communist".[207]

Question: When was George Orwell born?

Seven Ages of Rock

"My Generation" - The Who
"Sunshine of Your Love" - Cream
"I'm Waiting for the Man" - The Velvet Underground
"Space Oddity" - David Bowie
"Virginia Plain" - Roxy Music
"Jet Boy" - New York Dolls
"Paranoid" - Black Sabbath
"Smoke on the Water" - Deep Purple
"Sheena Is a Punk Rocker" - Ramones
"New Rose" - The Damned
"Hong Kong Garden" - Siouxsie and the Banshees
"I Heard It Through the Grapevine" - The Slits
"Vertigo" - U2
"In Bloom" - Nirvana
"I Am the Resurrection" - The Stone Roses
"For Tomorrow" - Blur
"Live Forever" - Oasis
"Common People" - Pulp
"Can't Stand Me Now" - The Libertines

Question: How many episodes did Seven Ages of Rock have?
Vatican City

The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system named the Vatican Telephone Service,[92] and a postal system that started operating on 13 February 1929. On 1 August, the state started to release its own postal stamps, under the authority of the Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State.[93] The City's postal service is sometimes said to be "the best in the world",[94] and faster than the postal service in Rome.[94]

Question: When did the Vatican become an independent city-state?

Norwegian krone

Coins and banknotes of the Norwegian krone are distributed by the Central Bank of Norway.

Question: What currency can you use in Norway?

Boston Tea Party

Timeline of United States revolutionary history (1760–1789)
Burning of the Peggy Stewart, 1774

Question: When was the Boston Tea Party?

Politics of the Netherlands

Pillarisation declined, with the three Christian democratic parties losing almost half of their votes. In 1977 they formed the Christian democratic CDA, which became a major force in Dutch politics, participating in governments from 1977 until 1994. Meanwhile, the conservative liberal VVD and progressive-liberal D66 made large electoral gains.

Question: What government system do the Dutch have?

Neoplan Jumbocruiser

The Jumbocruiser was first manufactured in 1975 but never went into full-scale production.[1]

Question: Which is the largest bus?

Nile

The Nile has long been used to transport goods along its length. Winter winds blow south, up river, so ships could sail up river, and down river using the flow of the river.
While most Egyptians still live in the Nile valley, the 1970 completion of the Aswan High Dam ended the summer floods and their renewal of the fertile soil, fundamentally changing farming practices. The Nile supports much of the population living along its banks, enabling Egyptians to live in otherwise inhospitable regions of the Sahara. The rivers's flow is disturbed at several points by the Cataracts of the Nile, which are sections of faster-flowing water with many small islands, shallow water, and rocks, which form an obstacle to navigation by boats. The Sudd wetlands in Sudan also forms a formidable navigation obstacle and impede water flow, to the extent that Sudan had once attempted to canalize (the Jonglei Canal) to bypass the swamps.[62][63]

Question: Where does the Nile river end?
NBC

The NBC Radio Network also pioneered personal advice call-in national talk radio with a satellite-distributed evening talk show, TalkNet; the program featured Bruce Williams (providing personal financial advice), Bernard Meltzer (personal and financial advice) and Sally Jessy Raphael (personal and romantic advice). While never much of a ratings success, TalkNet nonetheless helped further the national talk radio format. For affiliates, many of them struggling AM stations, TalkNet helped fill evening time slots with free programming, allowing the stations to sell local advertising in a dynamic format without the cost associated with producing local programming. Some in the industry feared this trend would lead to increasing control of radio content by networks and syndicators.

Question: When did NBC begin?

History of Maryland

The first bloodshed of the war occurred in Baltimore when the 6th Massachusetts Militia battled an attacking mob while marching between railroad stations on April 19, 1861. After that, Baltimore Mayor George William Brown, Marshal George P. Kane, and former Governor Enoch Louis Lowe requested that Maryland Governor Thomas H. Hicks, a slave owner from the Eastern Shore, burn the railroad bridges and cut the telegraph lines leading to Baltimore to prevent further troops from entering the state. Hicks reportedly approved this proposal. These actions were addressed in the famous federal court case of Ex parte Merryman.

Question: When was Maryland established?

Microwave oven

The second problem is due to food composition and geometry, and must be addressed by the cook, by arranging the food so that it absorbs energy evenly, and periodically testing and shielding any parts of the food that overheat. In some materials with low thermal conductivity, where dielectric constant increases with temperature, microwave heating can cause localized thermal runaway. Under certain conditions, glass can exhibit thermal runaway in a microwave to the point of melting.[41]

Question: How much did the first microwave oven cost?
Battle of Chosin Reservoir












Simmons, Edwin H. (2002). Frozen Chosin (, , , , , ). Quantico, VA: United States Marine Corps History Division. PCN 19000410000.

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Question: Who won the Battle of Jangjin Lake?

Alan L. Hart

1935 Doctor Mallory (Published W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.)
An overnight best-seller, Hart's first novel drew on his experiences as a small town doctor in Gardiner, Oregon. It portrayed the medical profession as increasingly venal, and was the first exposé of the medical world by a working doctor.

Question: Where was Alan L. Hart born?

Dreams Come True (Glee)

The Hollywood Reporter also noted that after the series' final episode had wrapped, a number of actors took pieces of the set home as souvenirs. Michele tweeted a photo of her taking home the framed football jersey of Cory Monteith's character, Finn Hudson.[11] Lynch took some of her signature tracksuits, Criss came away with trophies, some soundproofing from the choir room, the couch from Figgins' office and his Warblers jacket, Riley claimed her sneakers from the pilot episode, Overstreet's souvenirs included trophies, photos and clothing, Dot-Marie Jones kept a football championship ring, and Salling took a plaque with Monteith's picture.[12]

Question: When was the last episode of Glee?

Edwards Aquifer

With the growth of regional
cities such as San Antonio, municipal demand for water increased.[66] The second half of the twentieth century saw a high volume of legal activity regarding rights to the aquifer.

Question: How large is Edward's Aquifer in Texas?

Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Federal courts have ruled that the Sixteenth Amendment allows a direct tax on "wages, salaries, commissions, etc. without apportionment".[59]

Question: What does the 16th amendment cover?

Saki Hiwatari

  at Anime News Network's encyclopedia

Question: What was Saki Hiwatari's first manga series?

Malcolm Adiseshiah

In 1930 Adiseshiah joined as a lecturer in St. Paul's Cathedral Mission College, an affiliate of the University of Calcutta and continued until 1936. In the college he worked on planning a rural service programme in cooperation with the Visva-Bharati University associates at Sriniketan and Santiniketan.

Question: When was Malcolm Sathiyanathan Adiseshiah born?

Johns Hopkins University

On June 3, 2013, it was announced that the Blue Jays would join the Big Ten Conference for men's lacrosse when that league begins sponsoring the sport in the 2015 season (2014–15 school year).[154]

Question: How old is Johns Hopkins University?

Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)

The film's score was composed by Joe Hisaishi, while the vocal theme song "Kaze no Tani no Naushika" was produced by Haruomi Hosono (Yellow Magic Orchestra and Happy End member) and sung by Narumi Yasuda.[49] Numerous soundtracks and albums relating to the film have been released.[50]

Question: What did Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind gross at box office?
Mononymous person

In the 17th and 18th centuries, most Italian castrato singers used mononyms as stage names (e.g. Caffarelli, Farinelli). The German writer, mining engineer and philosopher, Georg Friedrich Philipp Freiherr von Hardenberg (1772–1801), became famous as Novalis. 

Question: When did Jean-Baptiste Poquelin adopt his stage name Moliere?

United States Army

Army regulations call for addressing all personnel with the rank of general as "General (last name)" regardless of the number of stars. Likewise, both colonels and lieutenant colonels are addressed as "Colonel (last name)" and first and second lieutenants as "Lieutenant (last name)".[100]

Question: When was the United States Army established?

Death Star

Although details, such as the superlaser's location, shifted between different concept models during production of Star Wars, the notion of the Death Star being a large, spherical space station over 100 kilometers in diameter was consistent in all of them.[4] George Lucas gave the original task of designing a "Death Star" to concept artist and spaceship modeler Colin Cantwell,[5] who had collaborated with Stanley Kubrick on the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey.[6] In a 2016 interview, Cantwell related that "I didn't originally plan for the Death Star to have a trench, but when I was working with the mold, I noticed the two halves had shrunk at the point where they met across the middle." As it "would have taken a week of work just to fill and sand and refill this depression," Cantwell suggested a trench to Lucas to save the labor. Lucas liked the idea,[5][6] and the Death Star model was created by John Stears.[7][8] The buzzing sound counting down to the Death Star firing its superlaser comes from the Flash Gordon serials.[9] Portraying an incomplete yet powerful space station posed a problem for Industrial Light & Magic's modelmakers for Return of the Jedi.[10] Only the front side of the 137-centimeter model was completed, and the image was flipped horizontally for the final film.[10] Both Death Stars were depicted by a combination of complete and sectional models and matte paintings.[4][10]

Question: Who built the Death Star?
Destiny 2

Destiny 2 is an online-only multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Activision. It was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on September 6, 2017, followed by a Microsoft Windows version the following month.[1][2] It is the sequel to 2014's Destiny and its subsequent expansions. Set in a "mythic science fiction" world, the game features a multiplayer "shared-world" environment with elements of role-playing games. Like the original, activities in Destiny 2 are divided among player versus environment (PvE) and player versus player (PvP) game types. In addition to normal story missions, PvE features three-player "strikes" and six-player raids. A free roam patrol mode is also available for each planet and features public events as well as new activities not featured in the original. These new activities have an emphasis on exploration of the planets and interactions with non-player characters (NPCs); the original Destiny only featured NPCs in social spaces. PvP features objective-based modes, as well as traditional deathmatch game modes.

Question: How many copies of Destiny 2 were sold?

Henna

Back at the henna party, the bride sits on stage while family members and friends come up to her to have their palms marked with blots of henna.[41] These marks represent many the long-lasting marriage as henna remains for many days.[41] It also represents the blood from breaking the hymen upon consummating the marriage on the wedding night.[41] Others add that the red stain on the hands of the guests are to mislead the evil spirits of the Jinn who are looking for the bride.[41] After the painting, the party ends after lasting about 4 or 5 hours.[41]


Question: Are there different colors to henna?

The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy

On June 13, 2003, the network separated the two segments and gave each their own full-length program. The short-lived Evil Con Carne show was cancelled once the already-produced season had aired. Some characters from Evil Con Carne occasionally appeared on The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy. General Skarr become an official character on the show in the episode "Skarred for Life", where he becomes Billy's new next-door neighbor, and in "Company Halt", the ninth episode of the final season which functions as the true series finale for Evil Con Carne, Ghastly, Hector, Boskov, and Stomach restart their evil organization and convince Skarr to join them, but their plans are ultimately foiled by Billy and Mandy, and Skarr goes back to living his life as a normal person.

Question: Who voiced Grim?
Nakiri bōchō

Usuba bōchō are vegetable knives used by professionals. They differ from the Nakiri bōchō in the shape of the cutting edge. While the nakiri bōchō is sharpened from both sides, the usuba bōchō is sharpened only from one side, a style known as kataba in Japanese. The highest quality kataba blades have a slight depression on the flat side. This kataba style edge gives better cuts and allows for the cutting of thinner slices than the ryōba used for nakiri bōchō, but requires more skill to use. The sharpened side is usually the right side for a right hand use of the knife, but knives sharpened on the left side are available for left hand use. The usuba bōchō is heavier than a nakiri bōchō, although still much lighter than a deba bōchō.[2]

Question: What is a nakiri?

Molière

Molière was born in Paris, the son of Jean Poquelin and Marie Cressé, the daughter of a prosperous bourgeois family.[7] Upon seeing him for the first time, a maid exclaimed, "Le nez!", a reference to the infant's large nose.  Molière was called "Le Nez" by his family from that time.[8] He lost his mother when he was ten and he did not seem to have been particularly close to his father. After his mother's death, he lived with his father above the Pavillon des Singes on the rue Saint-Honoré, an affluent area of Paris. It is likely that his education commenced with studies in a Parisian elementary school; this was followed with his enrollment in the prestigious Jesuit Collège de Clermont, where he completed his studies in a strict academic environment and got a first taste of life on the stage.[9]

Question: What years did Moliere live?

Red wolf

The naturalists John James Audubon and John Bachman were the first to suggest that the wolves of the southern United States were different from wolves in its other regions. In 1851 they recorded the "Black American Wolf" as C. l. var arer that existed in Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Kentucky, southern Indiana, southern Missouri, Louisiana, and northern Texas. They also recorded the "Red Texan Wolf" as C. l. var rufus that existed from northern Arkansas, through Texas, and into Mexico. In 1912 the zoologist Gerrit Smith Miller Jr. noted that the designation arer was unavailable and recorded these wolves as C. l. floridanus.[18]

Question: What is the scientific name of the red wolf?

Vince McMahon

In December 1997 on Raw Is War, the night after D-Generation X: In Your House, McMahon talked about the behavior and attitude of Stone Cold Steve Austin, such as Austin having assaulted WWF Commissioner Sgt. Slaughter and commentators such as Jim Ross and McMahon himself. Mr. McMahon demanded that Austin defend his Intercontinental championship against The Rock in a rematch. As in the previous match, Austin used his pickup truck as a weapon against The Rock and the Nation of Domination gang. Austin decided to forfeit the title to The Rock, but instead Austin gave The Rock a Stone Cold Stunner and knocked McMahon off the ring ropes.

Question: When was Vincent Kennedy McMahon born?
Beta oxidation

Chains with an odd-number of carbons are oxidized in the same manner as even-numbered chains, but the final products are propionyl-CoA and Acetyl CoA

Question: What happens in oxidation?

Margaret Hamilton (actress)

In 1962, Hamilton played Leora Scofield, a suffragette who arrives in Laramie, Wyoming, to bolster feminist causes in a territory where women had already obtained the right to vote, in the episode "Beyond Justice" of NBC's Laramie. In the story line, she is depicted as a long-lost friend of series character Daisy Cooper, played by Spring Byington. Series lead character Slim Sherman (John Smith) is skeptical of the suffragettes, and Sheriff Mort Corey and he concoct a tale the women should head to Cheyenne, where their services are more needed than in Laramie.[9]

Question: Who played the Wicked Witch of the West in the movie The Wizard of Oz?

Mercury-in-glass thermometer

In order to calibrate the thermometer, the bulb is made to reach thermal equilibrium with a temperature standard such as an ice/water mixture, and then with another standard such as water/vapour, and the tube is divided into regular intervals between the fixed points. In principle, thermometers made of different material (e.g., coloured alcohol thermometers) might be expected to give different intermediate readings due to different expansion properties; in practice the substances used are chosen to have reasonably linear expansion characteristics as a function of true thermodynamic temperature, and so give similar results.

Question: When was the mercury thermometer invented?

CBS News Sunday Morning

Cover Story-The main topic of that week's broadcast.
Almanac-A notable event or the birth or death of a famous person that happened on the same calendar day of the weekly broadcast.
Profile-A look at the accomplishments of famous people
Pulse-A look at facts by different sources.
Passage-A famous person who died within the past week.
Calendar-A look at the week ahead
Moment of Nature-A look at animals and plants at the end of the weekly broadcast

Question: When did CBS Sunday Morning first air?

Government of Latvia

Since the early 2000s cabinet meetings in Latvia have been open to the public. In June 2013, the Latvian government became one of the first in Europe to offer live internet broadcasts of cabinet meetings.

Question: What is Latvia's current governing system?

Director-General of the World Trade Organization

The Director-General of the World Trade Organization is responsible for supervising the administrative functions of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Because World Trade Organizations' decisions are made by member states (through either a Ministerial Conference or through the General Council), the Director-General has little power over matters of policy - the role is primarily advisory and managerial. The Director-General supervises the WTO secretariat of about 700 staff and is appointed by WTO members for a term of four years.[1]

Question: Who is head of the World Trade Organization?
Aconcagua

In the base camp Plaza de Mulas (at 4,300m (14,100ft) above sea level) there is the highest contemporary art gallery tent called "Nautilus" of the Argentine painter Miguel Doura.[17]

Question: What is the tallest mountain in South America?

Eastern gorilla

Mountain gorillas are restricted to the mountain rainforests and subalpine forests of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, southwestern Uganda and Rwanda. Grauer's gorilla occur across the forests of the Albertine Rift in eastern DRC.

Question: What is the largest primate?

Brooklyn Nets

On November 3, 2012, the Nets introduced a new team anthem titled "Brooklyn: Something To Lean On", written and recorded by Brooklyn-born musician John Forté.[33]  The song is notable for its refrain, which features the "Brooklyn" chant that has been popular with fans in the Barclays Center.[34]

Question: Who was the first owner of the Brooklyn Nets?

Lolong

The crocodile was named after Ernesto "Lolong" Goloran Cañete as one of the veteran crocodile hunters from the Palawan Crocodile and Wildlife Reservation Center, who led the hunt.[12] After weeks of stalking, the hunt for Lolong took its toll on Cañete's health. He died of a heart attack several days before the crocodile was captured.

Question: How long was the longest recorded crocodile?

The Professionals (TV series)

In 1984 some of the team behind The Comic Strip TV series produced a spoof entitled The Bullshitters, featuring two characters called Bonehead and Foyle in an episode called 'Roll Out the Gun Barrel".

Question: How long did the The Professionals air?

List of the verified oldest people

These are lists of the 100 known verified oldest men and women, arranged in descending order of each individual's age in years and days. A year typically refers to a calendar year, the time between two dates of the same name. However, years can be of different lengths due to the presence or absence of a leap day within the year, or to the conversion of dates from one calendar to another. 

Question: Who is the oldest living person in the world?

List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston

In 2007, enrollment at these colleges and universities ranged from 108 students at the Episcopal Divinity School to 32,053 students at Boston University. The first to be founded was Harvard University, also the oldest institution of higher education in the United States, while the most recently established institution is the Urban College of Boston. All but five of these schools are accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC), the oldest regional accrediting body in the United States, and all but one are recognized by the United States Department of Education.

Question: What colleges are in Boston?